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Fuchs H, Staszak AM, Vargas PA, Sahrawy M, Serrato AJ, Dyderski MK, Klupczyńska EA, Głodowicz P, Rolle K, Ratajczak E. Redox dynamics in seeds of Acer spp: unraveling adaptation strategies of different seed categories. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1430695. [PMID: 39114470 PMCID: PMC11303208 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1430695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Seeds of woody plant species, such as those in the Acer genus like Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), exhibit unique physiological traits and responses to environmental stress. Thioredoxins (Trxs) play a central role in the redox regulation of cells, interacting with other redox-active proteins such as peroxiredoxins (Prxs), and contributing to plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, there is limited understanding of potential variations in this system between seeds categorized as recalcitrant and orthodox, which could provide insights into adaptive strategies. Methods Using proteomic analysis and DDA methods we investigated the Trx-h1 target proteins in seed axes. We complemented the results of the proteomic analysis with gene expression analysis of the Trx-h1, 1-Cys-Prx, and TrxR NTRA genes in the embryonic axes of maturing, mature, and stored seeds from two Acer species. Results and discussion The expression of Trx-h1 and TrxR NTRA throughout seed maturation in both species was low. The expression of 1-Cys-Prx remained relatively stable throughout seed maturation. In stored seeds, the expression levels were minimal, with slightly higher levels in sycamore seeds, which may confirm that recalcitrant seeds remain metabolically active during storage. A library of 289 proteins interacting with Trx-h1 was constructed, comprising 68 from Norway maple and 221 from sycamore, with distinct profiles in each seed category. Recalcitrant seed axes displayed a wide array of metabolic, stress response, and signaling proteins, suggesting sustained metabolic activity during storage and the need to address oxidative stress. Conversely, the orthodox seed axes presented a protein profile, reflecting efficient metabolic shutdown, which contributes to their extended viability. The results of the study provide new insights into seed viability and storage longevity mechanisms. They enhance the understanding of seed biology and lay the foundation for further evolutionary research on seeds of different categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Fuchs
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M. Staszak
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Paola A. Vargas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Mariam Sahrawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Serrato
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Paweł Głodowicz
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Rolle
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Serson WR, Gishini MFS, Stupar RM, Stec AO, Armstrong PR, Hildebrand D. Identification and Candidate Gene Evaluation of a Large Fast Neutron-Induced Deletion Associated with a High-Oil Phenotype in Soybean Seeds. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:892. [PMID: 39062671 PMCID: PMC11276498 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the dawn of agriculture, crops have been genetically altered for desirable characteristics. This has included the selection of natural and induced mutants. Increasing the production of plant oils such as soybean (Glycine max) oil as a renewable resource for food and fuel is valuable. Successful breeding for higher oil levels in soybeans, however, usually results in reduced seed protein. A soybean fast neutron population was screened for oil content, and three high oil mutants with minimal reductions in protein levels were found. Three backcross F2 populations derived from these mutants exhibited segregation for seed oil content. DNA was pooled from the high-oil and normal-oil plants within each population and assessed by comparative genomic hybridization. A deletion encompassing 20 gene models on chromosome 14 was found to co-segregate with the high-oil trait in two of the three populations. Eighteen genes in the deleted region have known functions that appear unrelated to oil biosynthesis and accumulation pathways, while one of the unknown genes (Glyma.14G101900) may contribute to the regulation of lipid droplet formation. This high-oil trait can facilitate the breeding of high-oil soybeans without protein reduction, resulting in higher meal protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Serson
- Department of Biology, Penn State University, Lehigh Valley, Center Valley, PA 18034, USA
| | | | - Robert M. Stupar
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (R.M.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Adrian O. Stec
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (R.M.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Paul R. Armstrong
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - David Hildebrand
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA;
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Li W, Li Y, Shi H, Wang H, Ji K, Zhang L, Wang Y, Dong Y, Li Y. ZmMPK6, a mitogen-activated protein kinase, regulates maize kernel weight. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3287-3299. [PMID: 38457358 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Kernel weight is a critical agronomic trait in maize production. Many genes are related to kernel weight but only a few of them have been applied to maize breeding and cultivation. Here, we identify a novel function of maize mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (ZmMPK6) in the regulation of maize kernel weight. Kernel weight was reduced in zmmpk6 mutants and increased in ZmMPK6-overexpressing lines. In addition, starch granules, starch content, protein content, and grain-filling characteristics were also affected by the ZmMPK6 expression level. ZmMPK6 is mainly localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, widely distributed across various tissues, and is expressed during kernel development, which is consistent with its role in kernel weight. Thus, these results provide new insights into the role of ZmMPK6, a mitogen-activated protein kinase, in maize kernel weight, and could be applied to further molecular breeding for kernel quality and yield in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake Campus, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yayong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake Campus, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Huiyue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake Campus, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake Campus, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Kun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake Campus, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake Campus, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake Campus, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yongbin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake Campus, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yuling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake Campus, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
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Sun Y, Zhang F, Wei J, Song K, Sun L, Yang Y, Qin Q, Yang S, Li Z, Xu G, Sun S, Xue Y. Phosphate Transporter OsPT4, Ubiquitinated by E3 Ligase OsAIRP2, Plays a Crucial Role in Phosphorus and Nitrogen Translocation and Consumption in Germinating Seed. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 16:54. [PMID: 38052756 PMCID: PMC10697913 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-023-00666-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) are essential macronutrients necessary for plant growth and development. OsPT4 is a high-affinity phosphate (Pi) transporter that has a positive impact on nutrient uptake and seed development. In this study, the expression patterns of different Pi transporter genes in germinating seeds were determined, and the relative expression of OsPT4 was induced in Pi-deficient seeds and gradually increased with the passage of germination time. The analysis of P, N, Pi, and amino acid concentrations in germinating seeds of OsPT4 mutants showed that the OsPT4 mutation caused P and N retention and a continuous reduction in multiple amino acid concentrations in germinating seeds. Transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR results also indicated that the OsPT4 mutation inhibits the expression of genes related to P and N transportation and amino acid synthesis in germinating seeds. In addition, the paraffin section and TUNEL assay of OsPT4 mutant germinating seeds suggests that OsPT4 mutation causes programmed cell death (PCD) delayed in the aleurone layer and inhibition of leaf outgrowth. Moreover, we also found that OsPT4 was ubiquitinated by OsAIRP2, which is a C3HC4-type RING E3 Ub ligase. Our studies illustrate that OsPT4 plays a crucial role in P and N collaborative translocation and consumption in germinating seeds. It also provides a theoretical basis for the molecules and physiological mechanisms of P and N cross-talk under suppressed Pi uptake conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Sun
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Ke Song
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Shiyan Yang
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Zhouwen Li
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yong Xue
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.
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Li D, Liu K, Zhao C, Liang S, Yang J, Peng Z, Xia A, Yang M, Luo L, Huang C, Wang J, Huang M, Xiao W, Wang H, Su L, Guo T. GWAS Combined with WGCNA of Transcriptome and Metabolome to Excavate Key Candidate Genes for Rice Anaerobic Germination. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 16:49. [PMID: 37907655 PMCID: PMC10618154 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-023-00667-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Direct seeding of rice is a lightweight and simple cultivation method, which can effectively promote rice production. Anaerobic germination tolerance is one of the main traits of rice adaptability to direct seeding. The mining of related genetic loci, analysis of anaerobic traits and screening of tolerance genes provided valuable genetic resources for improving the anaerobic germination ability of direct seeding rice. This study conducted a dynamic genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on coleoptile-related traits of 591 rice natural populations, and a total of 317 SNP sites were detected. Integrated dynamic widely targeted metabolomics analysis, we found that xanthine, L-alanine and GABA may be key biomarkers that are sensitive and respond strongly to hypoxic stress perception. By WGCNA analysis of targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics, a total of 3 modules were obtained that were significantly correlated with the above three marker metabolites, namely dark green, dark gray and light green modules, respectively, and several key structural genes of OsAlaAT1, OsGAD4, OsAAH and Os09g0424600 that may affect hypoxic germination were screened from the 3 modules. Among them, OsAlaAT1 (Os10g0390500), located in Chr10-12877840, which is within the GWAS location range of CVAN3d, is considered to be a more reliable candidate gene. Overall, in addition to providing new insight into the metabolic regulation of L-alanine, GABA and xanthine during hypoxic germination of rice. This study also provided a reference for the basic theoretical research and breeding application research on the related traits of anaerobic germination in direct-seeding rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Kai Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chuanchao Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Siyi Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jing Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ziai Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Aoyun Xia
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Meng Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lixin Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Cuihong Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ming Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wuming Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ling Su
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Jiangxi Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences and Planning, Nanchang, 330039, China.
| | - Tao Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Stałanowska K, Szablińska-Piernik J, Okorski A, Lahuta LB. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Affect Early Seedlings' Growth and Polar Metabolite Profiles of Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) and Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14992. [PMID: 37834440 PMCID: PMC10573449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in agriculture creates a risk of soil contamination with ZnO NPs, which can lead to phytotoxic effects on germinating seeds and seedlings. In the present study, the susceptibility of germinating seeds/seedlings of pea and wheat to ZnO NPs of various sizes (≤50 and ≤100 nm) applied at concentrations in the range of 100-1000 mg/L was compared. Changes in metabolic profiles in seedlings were analyzed by GC and GC-MS methods. The size-dependent harmful effect of ZnO NPs on the seedling's growth was revealed. The more toxic ZnO NPs (50 nm) at the lowest concentration (100 mg/L) caused a 2-fold decrease in the length of the wheat roots. In peas, the root elongation was slowed down by 20-30% only at 1000 mg/L ZnO NPs. The metabolic response to ZnO NPs, common for all tested cultivars of pea and wheat, was a significant increase in sucrose (in roots and shoots) and GABA (in roots). In pea seedlings, an increased content of metabolites involved in the aspartate-glutamate pathway and the TCA cycle (citrate, malate) was found, while in wheat, the content of total amino acids (in all tissues) and malate (in roots) decreased. Moreover, a decrease in products of starch hydrolysis (maltose and glucose) in wheat endosperm indicates the disturbances in starch mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Stałanowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Joanna Szablińska-Piernik
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (J.S.-P.)
| | - Adam Okorski
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 5, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lesław B. Lahuta
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (J.S.-P.)
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Nwogha JS, Wosene AG, Raveendran M, Obidiegwu JE, Oselebe HO, Kambale R, Chilaka CA, Rajagopalan VR. Comparative Metabolomics Profiling Reveals Key Metabolites and Associated Pathways Regulating Tuber Dormancy in White Yam ( Dioscorea rotundata Poir.). Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050610. [PMID: 37233651 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Yams are economic and medicinal crops with a long growth cycle, spanning between 9-11 months due to their prolonged tuber dormancy. Tuber dormancy has constituted a major constraint in yam production and genetic improvement. In this study, we performed non-targeted comparative metabolomic profiling of tubers of two white yam genotypes, (Obiaoturugo and TDr1100873), to identify metabolites and associated pathways that regulate yam tuber dormancy using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Yam tubers were sampled between 42 days after physiological maturity (DAPM) till tuber sprouting. The sampling points include 42-DAPM, 56-DAPM, 87DAPM, 101-DAPM, 115-DAPM, and 143-DAPM. A total of 949 metabolites were annotated, 559 in TDr1100873 and 390 in Obiaoturugo. A total of 39 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified across the studied tuber dormancy stages in the two genotypes. A total of 27 DAMs were conserved between the two genotypes, whereas 5 DAMs were unique in the tubers of TDr1100873 and 7 DAMs were in the tubers of Obiaoturugo. The differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) spread across 14 major functional chemical groups. Amines and biogenic polyamines, amino acids and derivatives, alcohols, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, esters, coumarins, and phytohormone positively regulated yam tuber dormancy induction and maintenance, whereas fatty acids, lipids, nucleotides, carboxylic acids, sugars, terpenoids, benzoquinones, and benzene derivatives positively regulated dormancy breaking and sprouting in tubers of both yam genotypes. Metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) revealed that 12 metabolisms were significantly enriched during yam tuber dormancy stages. Metabolic pathway topology analysis further revealed that six metabolic pathways (linoleic acid metabolic pathway, phenylalanine metabolic pathway, galactose metabolic pathway, starch and sucrose metabolic pathway, alanine-aspartate-glutamine metabolic pathways, and purine metabolic pathway) exerted significant impact on yam tuber dormancy regulation. This result provides vital insights into molecular mechanisms regulating yam tuber dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah S Nwogha
- Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 307, Ethiopia
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
- Yam Research Programme, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike 440001, Nigeria
| | - Abtew G Wosene
- Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 307, Ethiopia
| | - Muthurajan Raveendran
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Jude E Obidiegwu
- Yam Research Programme, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike 440001, Nigeria
| | - Happiness O Oselebe
- Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki 480282, Nigeria
| | - Rohit Kambale
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Cynthia A Chilaka
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Veera Ranjani Rajagopalan
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Yuan L, Zhou F, Gao Y, Kang Z, Li T, Hu X. Exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid alleviates low-temperature injury by regulating glutathione metabolism and β-alanine metabolism in tomato seedling roots. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 245:114112. [PMID: 36155340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Food availability represents a major worldwide concern due to climate change and population growth. Low-temperature stress (LTS) severely restricts the growth of tomato seedlings. Exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) can alleviate the harm of abiotic stress including LTS; however, data on its protective mechanism on tomato seedling roots, the effects of organelle structure, and the regulation of metabolic pathways under LTS are lacking. In this study, we hope to fill the above gaps by exploring the effects of exogenous ALA on morphology, mitochondrial ultrastructure, reactive oxygen species (ROS) enrichment, physiological indicators, related gene expression, and metabolic pathway in tomato seedlings root under LTS. Results showed that ALA pretreatment could increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of antioxidant substances in tomato seedlings roots under LTS to scavenge the massively accumulated ROS, thereby protecting the mitochondrial structure of roots and promoting root development under LTS. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis showed that exogenous ALA pretreatment activated the glutathione metabolism and β-alanine metabolism of tomato seedling roots under LTS, further enhanced the scavenging ability of tomato seedling roots to ROS, and improved the low-temperature tolerance of tomato seedlings. The findings provide a new insight into the regulation of the low-temperature tolerance of tomato by exogenous ALA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengda Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Luqiao Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yi Gao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tianlai Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Cui Z, Liu S, Ge C, Shen Q, Zhang S, Ma H, Liu R, Zhao X, Liu R, Li P, Wang H, Wu Q, Pang C, Chen J. Genome-wide association study reveals that GhTRL1 and GhPIN8 affect cotton root development. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:3161-3176. [PMID: 35965278 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two regions located at chromosome A05 and D04 were found to be significantly associated with 0-0.5 mm and 0.5-2 mm diameter roots, respectively, and two candidate genes related to root development were identified. Roots absorb water and nutrients, and play an important role in plant growth. However, there are few genetic developmental studies on cotton root structural traits. In this study, we used 200 upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties to analyze the phenotypic variation of 43 traits. A total of 2001 related single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites located within or near 1046 genes were detected through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The 32 root traits were linked to SNPs that corresponded to 317 nonrepetitive genes. For SNPs associated with root length and 0-0.5 mm diameter root traits, a significant peak appeared on chromosome A05 (between 21.91 and 22.24 Mb). For SNPs associated with root surface area, root volume and 0.5-2 mm diameter root traits, a significant peak appeared on chromosome D04 (between 7.35 and 7.70 Mb). Within these two key regions, SNPs were detected in the promoter and coding regions of two candidate genes, GhTRL1-A05 and GhPIN8-D04. The expression levels of these two genes also changed significantly according to transcriptome sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). After silencing the GhTRL1 and GhPIN8 genes via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), we found that the plants expressing TRV2::GhTRL1 and TRV2::GhPIN8 had a reduced root length, surface area. Moreover, the contents of cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (cis-OPDA), isopentenyl adenosine (iPR) and cis-zeatin (cZ) in the roots of the plants expressing TRV2::GhTRL1 decreased. This study contributes to the cultivation and improvement of cotton varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Changwei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruida Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qidi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaoyou Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ürümqi, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Gostyńska J, Pankiewicz R, Romanowska-Duda Z, Messyasz B. Overview of Allelopathic Potential of Lemna minor L. Obtained from a Shallow Eutrophic Lake. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113428. [PMID: 35684368 PMCID: PMC9181904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Allelopathy is an interaction that releases allelochemicals (chemicals that act allelopathically) from plants into the environment that can limit or stimulate the development, reproduction, and survival of target organisms and alter the environment. Lemna minor L. contains chemicals that are allelopathic, such as phenolic acids. Chemical compounds contained in L. minor may have a significant impact on the development and the rate of multiplication and lead to stronger competition, which may enhance the allelopathic potential. Allelopathic potential may exist between L. minor and C. glomerata (L) Kütz. because they occupy a similar space in the aquatic ecosystem, have a similar preference for the amount of light, and compete for similar habitat resources. L. minor and C. glomerata can form dense populations on the water surface. Allelopathy can be seen as a wish to dominate one of the plants in the aquatic ecosystem. By creating a place for the development of extensive mats, an interspecific interaction is created and one of the species achieves competitive success. It is most effective as a result of the release of chemicals by macrophytes into the aquatic environment. Therefore, allelopathy plays a significant role in the formation, stabilization, and dynamics of the structure of plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gostyńska
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Radosław Pankiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Zdzisława Romanowska-Duda
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Beata Messyasz
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-829-5761
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Peng L, Sun S, Yang B, Zhao J, Li W, Huang Z, Li Z, He Y, Wang Z. Genome-wide association study reveals that the cupin domain protein OsCDP3.10 regulates seed vigour in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:485-498. [PMID: 34665915 PMCID: PMC8882794 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Seed vigour is an imperative trait for the direct seeding of rice. In this study, we examined the genetic regulation of seedling percentage at the early germination using a genome-wide association study in rice. One major quantitative trait loci qSP3 for seedling percentage was identified, and the candidate gene was validated as qSP3, encoding a cupin domain protein OsCDP3.10 for the synthesis of 52 kDa globulin. Disruption of this gene in Oscdp3.10 mutants reduced the seed vigour, including the germination potential and seedling percentage, at the early germination in rice. The lacking accumulation of 52 kDa globulin was observed in the mature grains of the Oscdp3.10 mutants. The significantly lower amino acid contents were observed in the mature grains and the early germinating seeds of the Oscdp3.10 mutants compared with those of wild-type. Rice OsCDP3.10 regulated seed vigour mainly via modulating the amino acids e.g. Met, Glu, His, and Tyr that contribute to hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) accumulation in the germinating seeds. These results provide important insights into the application of seed priming with the amino acids and the selection of OsCDP3.10 to improve seed vigour in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Peng
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shan Sun
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bin Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm ResourcesZhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhouChina
| | - Jia Zhao
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenjun Li
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhibo Huang
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ziyin Li
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yongqi He
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhoufei Wang
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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12
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Zhu F, Alseekh S, Koper K, Tong H, Nikoloski Z, Naake T, Liu H, Yan J, Brotman Y, Wen W, Maeda H, Cheng Y, Fernie AR. Genome-wide association of the metabolic shifts underpinning dark-induced senescence in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:557-578. [PMID: 34623442 PMCID: PMC8774053 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Dark-induced senescence provokes profound metabolic shifts to recycle nutrients and to guarantee plant survival. To date, research on these processes has largely focused on characterizing mutants deficient in individual pathways. Here, we adopted a time-resolved genome-wide association-based approach to characterize dark-induced senescence by evaluating the photochemical efficiency and content of primary and lipid metabolites at the beginning, or after 3 or 6 days in darkness. We discovered six patterns of metabolic shifts and identified 215 associations with 81 candidate genes being involved in this process. Among these associations, we validated the roles of four genes associated with glycine, galactinol, threonine, and ornithine levels. We also demonstrated the function of threonine and galactinol catabolism during dark-induced senescence. Intriguingly, we determined that the association between tyrosine contents and TYROSINE AMINOTRANSFERASE 1 influences enzyme activity of the encoded protein and transcriptional activity of the gene under normal and dark conditions, respectively. Moreover, the single-nucleotide polymorphisms affecting the expression of THREONINE ALDOLASE 1 and the amino acid transporter gene AVT1B, respectively, only underlie the variation in threonine and glycine levels in the dark. Taken together, these results allow us to present a very detailed model of the metabolic aspects of dark-induced senescence, as well as the process itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Kaan Koper
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Hao Tong
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
- Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Zoran Nikoloski
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
- Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Thomas Naake
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Haijun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Jianbing Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Weiwei Wen
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hiroshi Maeda
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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13
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Uaciquete A, Ferreira NA, Lehnert K, Vetter W, Sus N, Stuetz W. Effect of two postharvest technologies on the micronutrient profile of cashew kernels from Mozambique. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:179-190. [PMID: 35035920 PMCID: PMC8751438 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The economics involved in processing cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale) might alter micronutrient profiles and concentrations. We analyzed and evaluated carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids in (1) cashew kernels with testa recovered from nuts dried with and without the apple, and (2) testa-free industrial grade baby butts, splits, and white whole kernels using HPLC, ICP-OES, and GC-MS techniques. The results indicated that drying cashews with the respective apple slightly decreased the concentration of some carotenoids and total fatty and amino acids, but increased the concentration of iron, magnesium, and total tocotrienols compared with the conventionally (sun-) dried kernels. We also found high concentrations of carotenoids in the testa-containing kernels. Among the industrially processed kernel, baby butt grade was associated with lower content of β-carotene, total tocopherols, and tocotrienols, but with significantly higher concentrations in minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids than in white wholes and split grades. Conventional sun drying of cashew nuts revealed results similar to drying with apples regarding micronutrient concentrations. The high micronutrient content of industrial grade BB is reflected in widespread human consumption and better market value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Americo Uaciquete
- Instituto de Investigação Agraria de Mozambique IIAMCentro Zonal NordestePosto Agronómico de NampulaNampulaMozambique
| | - Neid Ali Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação Agraria de Mozambique IIAMCentro Zonal NordestePosto Agronómico de NampulaNampulaMozambique
| | - Katja Lehnert
- Institute of Food ChemistryUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | - Walter Vetter
- Institute of Food ChemistryUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | - Nadine Sus
- Institute of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | - Wolfgang Stuetz
- Institute of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
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14
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Xu L, Li Z, Zhuang B, Zhou F, Li Z, Pan X, Xi H, Zhao W, Liu H. Enrofloxacin perturbs nitrogen transformation and assimilation in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149900. [PMID: 34525725 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of antibiotics worldwide has led to phytotoxicity and high risks to humans. Although research on the physiological toxicity of antibiotics is extensive, its influence on plant nitrogen uptake and assimilation remains unclear. The effect of enrofloxacin on nitrogen transformation and assimilation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings was investigated in this study. Enrofloxacin had no significant effect on rice growth, nitrogen assimilation and metabolism at low concentration, while significant changes were observed in high concentration. The growth of rice seedlings was inhibited, nitrate uptake was enhanced and nitrogen content increased significantly in both shoots and roots in enrofloxacin (800 μg L-1) treatment. Furthermore, enrofloxacin promoted the activity of enzymes related to nitrogen assimilation, including nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. High enzyme activity resulted in an increase in intermediate products and protein content, suggesting that rice seedlings may detoxify enrofloxacin stress through amino acid binding and nitro-oxidative stress might be one of the reasons of phenotype change. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results revealed that different types of metabolites in both shoots and roots increased with enrofloxacin stress. Specifically, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; butanoate metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism in shoot; and tyrosine metabolism and citrate cycle in root were affected. Moreover, a significant correlation between nitrogen content, nitrogen assimilation enzyme activity, and metabolite content was observed. Collectively, these findings reveal the potential risks of using reclaimed wastewater irrigation and/or antibiotic-containing animal fertilizers on crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglin Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhiheng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Biyan Zhuang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fumin Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zejun Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoru Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hao Xi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenlu Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China.
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15
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Guo H, Lyv Y, Zheng W, Yang C, Li Y, Wang X, Chen R, Wang C, Luo J, Qu L. Comparative Metabolomics Reveals Two Metabolic Modules Affecting Seed Germination in Rice ( Oryza sativa). Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120880. [PMID: 34940638 PMCID: PMC8707830 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of seed germination is crucial not only for the completion of the plant life cycle but also for agricultural production and food chemistry; however, the underlying metabolic regulation mechanism involved in this process is still far from being clearly revealed. In this study, one indica variety (Zhenshan 97, with rapid germination) and one japonica variety (Nipponbare, with slow germination) in rice were used for in-depth analysis of the metabolome at different germination stages (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h after imbibition, HAI) and exploration of key metabolites/metabolic pathways. In total, 380 annotated metabolites were analyzed by using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based targeted method combined with a nontargeted metabolic profiling method. By using bioinformatics and statistical methods, the dynamic changes in metabolites during germination in the two varieties were compared. Through correlation analysis, coefficient of variation analysis and differential accumulation analysis, 74 candidate metabolites that may be closely related to seed germination were finally screened. Among these candidates, 29 members belong to the ornithine–asparagine–polyamine module and the shikimic acid–tyrosine–tryptamine–phenylalanine–flavonoid module. As the core member of the second module, shikimic acid’s function in the promotion of seed germination was confirmed by exogenous treatment. These results told that nitrogen flow and antioxidation/defense responses are potentially crucial for germinating seeds and seedlings. It deepens our understanding of the metabolic regulation mechanism of seed germination and points out the direction for our future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.G.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (R.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuanyuan Lyv
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.G.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (R.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Weikang Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.G.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chenkun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.G.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Yufei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.G.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Xuyang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.G.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ridong Chen
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (R.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (R.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Jie Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.G.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (R.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Lianghuan Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.G.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence:
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16
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Dong T, Sha Y, Liu H, Sun L. Altitudinal Variation of Metabolites, Mineral Elements and Antioxidant Activities of Rhodiola crenulata (Hook.f. & Thomson) H.Ohba. Molecules 2021; 26:7383. [PMID: 34885966 PMCID: PMC8658832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodiolacrenulata (Hook.f. & Thomson) H.Ohba is an alpine medicinal plant that can survive in extreme high altitude environments. However, its changes to extreme high altitude are not yet clear. In this study, the response of Rhodiola crenulata to differences in altitude gradients was investigated through chemical, ICP-MS and metabolomic methods. A targeted study of Rhodiola crenulata growing at three vertical altitudes revealed that the contents of seven elements Ca, Sr, B, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Cd, the phenolic components, the ascorbic acid, the ascorbic acid/dehydroascorbate ratio, and the antioxidant capacity were positively correlated with altitude, while the opposite was true for total ascorbic acid content. Furthermore, 1165 metabolites were identified: flavonoids (200), gallic acids (30), phenylpropanoids (237), amino acids (100), free fatty acids and glycerides (56), nucleotides (60), as well as other metabolites (482). The differential metabolite and biomarker analyses suggested that, with an increasing altitude: (1) the shikimic acid-phenylalanine-phenylpropanoids-flavonoids pathway was enhanced, with phenylpropanoids upregulating biomarkers much more than flavonoids; phenylpropanes and phenylmethanes upregulated, and phenylethanes downregulated; the upregulation of quercetin was especially significant in flavonoids; upregulation of condensed tannins and downregulation of hydrolyzed tannins; upregulation of shikimic acids and amino acids including phenylalanine. (2) significant upregulation of free fatty acids and downregulation of glycerides; and (3) upregulation of adenosine phosphates. Our findings provide new insights on the responses of Rhodiola crenulata to extreme high altitude adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Liwei Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.D.); (Y.S.); (H.L.)
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KC S, Long L, Liu M, Zhang Q, Ruan J. Light Intensity Modulates the Effect of Phosphate Limitation on Carbohydrates, Amino Acids, and Catechins in Tea Plants ( Camellia sinensis L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:743781. [PMID: 34691121 PMCID: PMC8532574 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.743781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metabolites are major contributors to the quality of tea that are regulated by various abiotic stresses. Light intensity and phosphorus (P) supply affect the metabolism of tea plants. However, how these two factors interact and mediate the metabolite levels in tea plants are not fully understood. The present study investigated the consequences of different light intensity and P regimes on the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and flavonoids in the Fengqing tea cultivar. The leaves and young shoots were subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis by two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF/MS), ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-TOF/MS (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), and targeted analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) along with quantification of gene expression by quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR). The results from young shoots showed that amino acids, pentose phosphate, and flavonol glycosides pathways were enhanced in response to decreasing light intensities and P deficiency. The expression of the genes hexokinase 1, ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A (RPIA), glutamate synthetase 1 (GS1), prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H), and arginase was induced by P limitation, thereafter affecting carbohydrates and amino acids metabolism, where shading modulated the responses of transcripts and corresponding metabolites caused by P deficiency. P deprivation repressed the expression of Pi transport, stress, sensing, and signaling (SPX2) and induced bidirectional sugar transporter (SWEET3) and amino acid permeases (AAP) which ultimately caused an increase in the amino acids: glutamate (Glu), proline (Pro), and arginine (Arg) under shading but decreased catechins [epicatechingallate (ECG) and Gallic acid, GA] content in young shoots.
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18
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Li W, Yang B, Xu J, Peng L, Sun S, Huang Z, Jiang X, He Y, Wang Z. A genome-wide association study reveals that the 2-oxoglutarate/malate translocator mediates seed vigor in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:478-491. [PMID: 34376020 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Seed vigor is an important trait for the direct seeding of rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, we examined the genetic architecture of variation in the germination rate using a diverse panel of rice accessions. Four quantitative trait loci for germination rate were identified using a genome-wide association study during early germination. One candidate gene, encoding the 2-oxoglutarate/malate translocator (OsOMT), was validated for qGR11. Disruption of this gene (Osomt mutants) reduced seed vigor, including seed germination and seedling growth, in rice. Functional analysis revealed that OsOMT influences seed vigor mainly by modulating amino acid levels and glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle processes. The levels of most amino acids, including the Glu family (Glu, Pro, Arg, and GABA), Asp family (Asp, Thr, Lys, Ile, and Met), Ser family (Ser, Gly, and Cys), and others (His, Ala, Leu, and Val), were significantly reduced in the mature grains and the early germinating seeds of Osomt mutants compared to wild type (WT). The glucose and soluble sugar contents, as well as adenosine triphosphate levels, were significantly decreased in germinating seeds of Osomt mutants compared to WT. These results provide important insights into the role of OsOMT in seed vigor in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Li
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Jiangyu Xu
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Liling Peng
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shan Sun
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhibo Huang
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiuhua Jiang
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongqi He
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhoufei Wang
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Drapal M, Enfissi EMA, Fraser PD. Metabolic changes in leaves of N. tabacum and N. benthamiana during plant development. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 265:153486. [PMID: 34388688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dwindling fossil fuel reserves and poor environmental credentials of chemical synthesis means, new renewable sources for the production and manufacture of valuable chemicals and pharmaceuticals are required. Presently, tobacco is an underutilised non-food crop with the potential to act as a biofactory. In this study, metabolite profiling across vegetative development has been carried out to provide a quantitative baseline of metabolites, their formation and interaction. Two tobacco platforms have been used, Nicotiana benthamiana and Nicotiana tabacum. Our data generated has provided the quantitative and qualitative baseline levels for exploitable pathways and metabolites, across two complementary Nicotiana species. N. benthamiana is the chassis of choice for transient expression. The metabolite data obtained for N. benthamiana highlighted that before flower emergence, the increased central carbon metabolism and high amino acid levels are available for the biosynthesis of endogenous or heterologous metabolites. In the future, engineering pathways or biocatalysts into N. benthamiana could add value to the process presently used to produce low volume, high cost pharmaceuticals. Similar outputs were obtained for N. tabacum, which has the advantage of providing a large biomass and hence, high product yield. These data provide an insight into the metabolite pools available in tobacco for future exploitation by emerging New Plant Breeding Techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Drapal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, United Kingdom
| | - Eugenia M A Enfissi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D Fraser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, United Kingdom.
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20
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Jiang H, Li Z, Jiang X, Qin Y. Physiological changes and transcript identification in Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. in early stages of salt stress. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11888. [PMID: 34434650 PMCID: PMC8359800 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. (C. tinctoria) is a special tea ingredient that adapts to certain salt stresses and shares the functions of chrysanthemum. With annual expansion of the cultivation area of C. tinctoria in Xinjiang (China), soil salinity may become a constraint for chrysanthemum cultivation. To investigate the response of C. tinctoria to salt stress, physiological and transcriptional changes in C. tinctoria in the early stages of low (50 mM NaCl) and high (200 mM NaCl) salt stress were analyzed and identified. The results showed that the contents of osmotic regulators (free proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein) and antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase) under salt stress increased to various extents compared with those of the control (CK) within 72 h, and the increase was higher under 200 mM NaCl treatments. De novo RNA-seq was used to analyze changes in the transcripts under 50 and 200 mM NaCl treatments for up to 48 h. In total, 8,584, 3,760, 7,833, 19,341, 13,233, and 9,224 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected under 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h for 50 and 200 mM NaCl treatments, respectively. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to analyze the correlations between all DEGs and physiological indexes. We found that the coexpression modules blue2 and Lightskyblue4 highly correlated with osmotic regulators and CAT and identified 20 and 30 hub genes, respectively. The results provide useful data for the further study of salt tolerance in C. tinctoria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jiang
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiumei Jiang
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yong Qin
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, China
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21
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Heinemann B, Hildebrandt TM. The role of amino acid metabolism in signaling and metabolic adaptation to stress-induced energy deficiency in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4634-4645. [PMID: 33993299 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The adaptation of plant metabolism to stress-induced energy deficiency involves profound changes in amino acid metabolism. Anabolic reactions are suppressed, whereas respiratory pathways that use amino acids as alternative substrates are activated. This review highlights recent progress in unraveling the stress-induced amino acid oxidation pathways, their regulation, and the role of amino acids as signaling molecules. We present an updated map of the degradation pathways for lysine and the branched-chain amino acids. The regulation of amino acid metabolism during energy deprivation, including the coordinated induction of several catabolic pathways, is mediated by the balance between TOR and SnRK signaling. Recent findings indicate that some amino acids might act as nutrient signals in TOR activation and thus promote a shift from catabolic to anabolic pathways. The metabolism of the sulfur-containing amino acid cysteine is highly interconnected with TOR and SnRK signaling. Mechanistic details have recently been elucidated for cysteine signaling during the abscisic acid-dependent drought response. Local cysteine synthesis triggers abscisic acid production and, in addition, cysteine degradation produces the gaseous messenger hydrogen sulfide, which promotes stomatal closure via protein persulfidation. Amino acid signaling in plants is still an emerging topic with potential for fundamental discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Heinemann
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Department of Plant Proteomics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tatjana M Hildebrandt
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Department of Plant Proteomics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße, Hannover, Germany
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22
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Genome assembly and population genomic analysis provide insights into the evolution of modern sweet corn. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1227. [PMID: 33623026 PMCID: PMC7902669 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21380-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet corn is one of the most important vegetables in the United States and Canada. Here, we present a de novo assembly of a sweet corn inbred line Ia453 with the mutated shrunken2-reference allele (Ia453-sh2). This mutation accumulates more sugar and is present in most commercial hybrids developed for the processing and fresh markets. The ten pseudochromosomes cover 92% of the total assembly and 99% of the estimated genome size, with a scaffold N50 of 222.2 Mb. This reference genome completely assembles the large structural variation that created the mutant sh2-R allele. Furthermore, comparative genomics analysis with six field corn genomes highlights differences in single-nucleotide polymorphisms, structural variations, and transposon composition. Phylogenetic analysis of 5,381 diverse maize and teosinte accessions reveals genetic relationships between sweet corn and other types of maize. Our results show evidence for a common origin in northern Mexico for modern sweet corn in the U.S. Finally, population genomic analysis identifies regions of the genome under selection and candidate genes associated with sweet corn traits, such as early flowering, endosperm composition, plant and tassel architecture, and kernel row number. Our study provides a high-quality reference-genome sequence to facilitate comparative genomics, functional studies, and genomic-assisted breeding for sweet corn.
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23
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Fang Z, Wu B, Ji Y. The Amino Acid Transporter OsAAP4 Contributes to Rice Tillering and Grain Yield by Regulating Neutral Amino Acid Allocation through Two Splicing Variants. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:2. [PMID: 33409665 PMCID: PMC7788160 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amino acids, which are transported by amino acid transporters, are the major forms of organic nitrogen utilized by higher plants. Among the 19 Amino Acid Permease transporters (AAPs) in rice, only a small number of these genes have been reported to influence rice growth and development. However, whether other OsAAPs are responsible for rice growth and development is unclear. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrate that OsAAP4 promoter sequences are divergent between Indica and Japonica, with higher expression in the former, which produces more tillers and higher grain yield than does Japonica. Overexpression of two different splicing variants of OsAAP4 in Japonica ZH11 significantly increased rice tillering and grain yield as result of enhancing the neutral amino acid concentrations of Val, Pro, Thr and Leu. OsAAP4 RNA interference (RNAi) and mutant lines displayed opposite trends compared with overexpresing (OE) lines. In addition, exogenous Val or Pro at 0.5 mM significantly promoted the bud outgrowth of lines overexpressing an OsAAP4a splicing variant compared with ZH11, and exogenous Val or Pro at 2.0 mM significantly enhanced the bud outgrowth of lines overexpressing splicing variant OsAAP4b compared with ZH11. Of note, the results of a protoplast amino acid-uptake assay showed that Val or Pro at different concentrations was specifically transported and accumulated in these overexpressing lines. Transcriptome analysis further demonstrated that OsAAP4 may affect nitrogen transport and metabolism, and auxin, cytokinin signaling in regulating rice tillering. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that OsAAP4 contributes to rice tiller and grain yield by regulating neutral amino acid allocation through two different splicing variants and that OsAAP4 might have potential applications in rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Bowen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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24
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Teófilo TMDS, Mendes KF, Fernandes BCC, Oliveira FSD, Silva TS, Takeshita V, Souza MDF, Tornisielo VL, Silva DV. Phytoextraction of diuron, hexazinone, and sulfometuron-methyl from the soil by green manure species. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 256:127059. [PMID: 32447109 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The herbicides diuron, hexazinone, and sulfometuron-methyl present a potential risk of environmental contamination and are widely used for weed control in sugarcane cultivation. Our objectives were to measure the tolerance of Canavalia ensiformes (L.) DC., Stilizobium aterrimum L., Raphanus sativus L., Crotalaria spectabilis Röth, Lupinus albus L., and Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. To the herbicides diuron, hexazinone, and sulfometuron-methyl to assess the capacity of these species to extract and accumulate the herbicides in their tissues. Before sowing the green manure species, the soils were individually contaminated with the three 14C-radiolabeled herbicides. 14C-diuron and 14C-sulfometuron-methyl showed higher values remaining in the soil (>90%) for all species of green manure compared to hexazinone (<80%). The green manure species analyzed showed greater potential to remedy soils contaminated with hexazinone than the other herbicides. C. ensiformes showed high phytoextraction of hexazinone when compared to the other species, removing 11.2% of the pollutant from the soil, followed by L. albus (8.6%), S. aterrimum (7.3%), R. sativus (4.8%), C. spectabilis (2.5%), and P. glaucum (1.1%). The results indicate that the phytoextraction of diuron, hexazinone and sulfometuron-methyl is dependent on the species of green manure and can be an important tool for the decontamination of areas polluted by these herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taliane Maria da Silva Teófilo
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Centro de Ciências Vegetais, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Florestais, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, CEP 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil.
| | | | - Bruno Caio Chaves Fernandes
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Centro de Ciências Vegetais, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Florestais, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, CEP 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Fernando Sarmento de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Centro de Ciências Vegetais, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Florestais, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, CEP 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Severo Silva
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Centro de Ciências Vegetais, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Florestais, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, CEP 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Takeshita
- Centro de Energia Nuclear Na Agricultura, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus de Freitas Souza
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Centro de Ciências Vegetais, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Florestais, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, CEP 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Valadão Silva
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Centro de Ciências Vegetais, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Florestais, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, CEP 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
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25
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Abt MR, Pfister B, Sharma M, Eicke S, Bürgy L, Neale I, Seung D, Zeeman SC. STARCH SYNTHASE5, a Noncanonical Starch Synthase-Like Protein, Promotes Starch Granule Initiation in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2543-2565. [PMID: 32471861 PMCID: PMC7401018 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
What determines the number of starch granules in plastids is an enigmatic aspect of starch metabolism. Several structurally and functionally diverse proteins have been implicated in the granule initiation process in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), with each protein exerting a varying degree of influence. Here, we show that a conserved starch synthase-like protein, STARCH SYNTHASE5 (SS5), regulates the number of starch granules that form in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. Among the starch synthases, SS5 is most closely related to SS4, a major determinant of granule initiation and morphology. However, unlike SS4 and the other starch synthases, SS5 is a noncanonical isoform that lacks catalytic glycosyltransferase activity. Nevertheless, loss of SS5 reduces starch granule numbers that form per chloroplast in Arabidopsis, and ss5 mutant starch granules are larger than wild-type granules. Like SS4, SS5 has a conserved putative surface binding site for glucans and also interacts with MYOSIN-RESEMBLING CHLOROPLAST PROTEIN, a proposed structural protein influential in starch granule initiation. Phenotypic analysis of a suite of double mutants lacking both SS5 and other proteins implicated in starch granule initiation allows us to propose how SS5 may act in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Abt
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Pfister
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mayank Sharma
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Eicke
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Léo Bürgy
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Neale
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Seung
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samuel C Zeeman
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Zhang C, Yi X, Gao X, Wang M, Shao C, Lv Z, Chen J, Liu Z, Shen C. Physiological and biochemical responses of tea seedlings (Camellia sinensis) to simulated acid rain conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110315. [PMID: 32058162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis), widely planted in the south of China, and often exposed to acid rain. However, research concerning the impacts of acid rain on physiology and biochemistry of tea plants is still scarce. In this study, we investigated the influence of simulated acid rain (SAR) on plant height, root length, photosynthetic pigment, Fv/Fm, proline, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzyme activity, total nitrogen, caffeine, catechins, and free amino acids. Our results showed that SAR at pH 4.5 did not hinder plant development because growth characteristics, photosynthesis, and ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities did not decrease at this pH compared to those at the other investigated pH values. However, at pH 3.5 and pH 2.5, the activities of antioxidase and concentrations of malondialdehyde and proline increased significantly in response to the decrease of photosynthetic pigments and Fv/Fm. In addition, the increase in acidity increased total nitrogen, certain amino acid content (theanine, cysteine), and decreased catechin and caffeine contents, resulting in an imbalance of the carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. Our results indicated that SAR at pH 3.5 and pH 2.5 could restrict photosynthesis and the antioxidant defense system, causing metabolic disorders and ultimately affecting plant development and growth, but SAR at pH 4.5 had no toxic effects on tea seedlings when no other stress factors are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Xizhi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Minhan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Chenyu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Zhidong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Jianjiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Chengwen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Center of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
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Qanmber G, Lu L, Liu Z, Yu D, Zhou K, Huo P, Li F, Yang Z. Genome-wide identification of GhAAI genes reveals that GhAAI66 triggers a phase transition to induce early flowering. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4721-4736. [PMID: 31106831 PMCID: PMC6760319 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants undergo a phase transition from vegetative to reproductive development that triggers floral induction. Genes containing an AAI (α-amylase inhibitor) domain form a large gene family, but there have been no comprehensive analyses of this gene family in any plant species. Here, we identified 336 AAI genes from nine plant species including122 AAI genes in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). The AAI gene family has evolutionarily conserved amino acid residues throughout the plant kingdom. Phylogenetic analysis classified AAI genes into five major clades with significant polyploidization and showing effects of genome duplication. Our study identified 42 paralogous and 216 orthologous gene pairs resulting from segmental and whole-genome duplication, respectively, demonstrating significant contributions of gene duplication to expansion of the cotton AAI gene family. Further, GhAAI66 was preferentially expressed in flower tissue and as responses to phytohormone treatments. Ectopic expression of GhAAI66 in Arabidopsis and silencing in cotton revealed that GhAAI66 triggers a phase transition to induce early flowering. Further, GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis of RNA sequencing data and qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcription-PCR) analysis indicated that GhAAI66 integrates multiple flower signaling pathways including gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and floral integrators to trigger an early flowering cascade in Arabidopsis. Therefore, characterization of the AAI family provides invaluable insights for improving cotton breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Qanmber
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Lili Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Daoqian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Kehai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Peng Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Correspondence: or
| | - Zuoren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Correspondence: or
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28
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He Y, Cheng J, He Y, Yang B, Cheng Y, Yang C, Zhang H, Wang Z. Influence of isopropylmalate synthase OsIPMS1 on seed vigour associated with amino acid and energy metabolism in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:322-337. [PMID: 29947463 PMCID: PMC6335077 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Seed vigour is an imperative trait for the direct seeding of rice. Isopropylmalate synthase (IPMS) catalyses the committed step of leucine (Leu) biosynthesis, but its effect on seed vigour remains unclear. In this study, rice OsIPMS1 and OsIPMS2 was cloned, and the roles of OsIPMS1 in seed vigour were mainly investigated. OsIPMS1 and OsIPMS2 catalyse Leu biosynthesis, and Leu feedback inhibits their IPMS activities. Disruption of OsIPMS1 resulted in low seed vigour under various conditions, which might be tightly associated with the reduction of amino acids in germinating seeds. Eleven amino acids that associated with stress tolerance, GA biosynthesis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were significantly reduced in osipms1 mutants compared with those in wide type (WT) during seed germination. Transcriptome analysis indicated that a total of 1209 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were altered in osipms1a mutant compared with WT at the early germination stage, wherein most of the genes were involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, protein processing, pyruvate, carbon, fructose and mannose metabolism. Further analysis confirmed that the regulation of OsIPMS1 in seed vigour involved in starch hydrolysis, glycolytic activity and energy levels in germinating seeds. The effects of seed priming were tightly associated with the mRNA levels of OsIPMS1 in priming seeds. The OsIPMS1 might be used as a biomarker to determine the best stop time-point of seed priming in rice. This study provides novel insights into the function of OsIPMS1 on seed vigour and should have practical applications in seed priming of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi He
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jinping Cheng
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ying He
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bin Yang
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yanhao Cheng
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Can Yang
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhoufei Wang
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- The Laboratory of Seed Science and TechnologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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29
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Satour P, Youssef C, Châtelain E, Vu BL, Teulat B, Job C, Job D, Montrichard F. Patterns of protein carbonylation during Medicago truncatula seed maturation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2183-2194. [PMID: 29543987 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Seeds mainly acquire their physiological quality during maturation, whereas oxidative conditions reign within cells triggering protein carbonylation. To better understand the role of this protein modification in legume seeds, we compared by proteomics patterns of carbonylated proteins in maturing seeds of Medicago truncatula naturally desiccated or prematurely dried, a treatment known to impair seed quality acquisition. In both cases, protein carbonylation increased in these seeds, accompanying water removal. We identified several proteins whose extent of carbonylation varied when comparing natural desiccation and premature drying and that could therefore be responsible for the impairment of seed quality acquisition or expression. In particular, we focused on PM34, a protein specific to seeds exhibiting a high sensitivity to carbonylation and of which function in dicotyledons was not known before. PM34 proved to have a cellulase activity presumably associated with cell elongation, a process required for germination and subsequent seedling growth. We discuss the possibility that PM34 (abundance or redox state) could be used to assess crop seed quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Satour
- IRHS, Université d'Angers, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49071, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Chvan Youssef
- IRHS, Université d'Angers, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49071, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Emilie Châtelain
- IRHS, Université d'Angers, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49071, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Benoît Ly Vu
- IRHS, Université d'Angers, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49071, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Béatrice Teulat
- IRHS, Université d'Angers, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49071, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Claudette Job
- Laboratoire mixte CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon/INSA/Bayer CropScience-UMR 5240, Bayer CropScience-14, rue Pierre Baizet, 69263, Lyon cedex 9, France
| | - Dominique Job
- Laboratoire mixte CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon/INSA/Bayer CropScience-UMR 5240, Bayer CropScience-14, rue Pierre Baizet, 69263, Lyon cedex 9, France
| | - Françoise Montrichard
- IRHS, Université d'Angers, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49071, Beaucouzé, France
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30
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Latimer S, Li Y, Nguyen TTH, Soubeyrand E, Fatihi A, Elowsky CG, Block A, Pichersky E, Basset GJ. Metabolic reconstructions identify plant 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase that is crucial for branched-chain amino acid catabolism in mitochondria. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 95:358-370. [PMID: 29742810 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The proteinogenic branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) leucine, isoleucine and valine are essential nutrients for mammals. In plants, BCAAs double as alternative energy sources when carbohydrates become limiting, the catabolism of BCAAs providing electrons to the respiratory chain and intermediates to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Yet, the actual architecture of the degradation pathways of BCAAs is not well understood. In this study, gene network modeling in Arabidopsis and rice, and plant-prokaryote comparative genomics detected candidates for 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase (4.2.1.18), one of the missing plant enzymes of leucine catabolism. Alignments of these protein candidates sampled from various spermatophytes revealed non-homologous N-terminal extensions that are lacking in their bacterial counterparts, and green fluorescent protein-fusion experiments demonstrated that the Arabidopsis protein, product of gene At4g16800, is targeted to mitochondria. Recombinant At4g16800 catalyzed the dehydration of 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA into 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA, and displayed kinetic features similar to those of its prokaryotic homolog. When at4g16800 knockout plants were subjected to dark-induced carbon starvation, their rosette leaves displayed accelerated senescence as compared with control plants, and this phenotype was paralleled by a marked increase in the accumulation of free and total leucine, isoleucine and valine. The seeds of the at4g16800 mutant showed a similar accumulation of free BCAAs. These data suggest that 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase is not solely involved in the degradation of leucine, but is also a significant contributor to that of isoleucine and valine. Furthermore, evidence is shown that unlike the situation observed in Trypanosomatidae, leucine catabolism does not contribute to the formation of the terpenoid precursor mevalonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Latimer
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Yubing Li
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Thuong T H Nguyen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Eric Soubeyrand
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Abdelhak Fatihi
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, USA
| | - Christian G Elowsky
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, USA
| | - Anna Block
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, ARS, USDA, Gainesville, Florida, 32608, USA
| | - Eran Pichersky
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Gilles J Basset
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
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