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Thirupathi A, Marqueze LF, Outeiro TF, Radak Z, Pinho RA. Physical Exercise-Induced Activation of NRF2 and BDNF as a Promising Strategy for Ferroptosis Regulation in Parkinson's Disease. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1643-1654. [PMID: 38782838 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, may contribute to the progression of PD owing to an unbalanced brain redox status. Physical exercise is a complementary therapy that can modulate ferroptosis in PD by regulating the redox system through the activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. However, the precise effects of physical exercise on ferroptosis in PD remain unclear. In this review, we explored how physical exercise influences NRF2 and BDNF signaling and affects ferroptosis in PD. We further investigated relevant publications over the past two decades by searching the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using keywords related to physical exercise, PD, ferroptosis, and neurotrophic factor antioxidant signaling. This review provides insights into current research gaps and demonstrates the necessity for future research to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which exercise regulates ferroptosis in PD, including the assessment of different exercise protocols and their long-term effects. Ultimately, exploring these aspects may lead to the development of improved exercise interventions for the better management of patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Felipe Marqueze
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Scientific Employee with an Honorary Contract at Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ricardo A Pinho
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
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Powers SK, Radak Z, Ji LL, Jackson M. Reactive oxygen species promote endurance exercise-induced adaptations in skeletal muscles. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024:S2095-2546(24)00062-0. [PMID: 38719184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The discovery that contracting skeletal muscle generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) was first reported over 40 years ago. The prevailing view in the 1980s was that exercise-induced ROS production promotes oxidation of proteins and lipids resulting in muscle damage. However, a paradigm shift occurred in the 1990s as growing research revealed that ROS are signaling molecules, capable of activating transcriptional activators/coactivators and promoting exercise-induced muscle adaptation. Growing evidence supports the notion that reduction-oxidation (redox) signaling pathways play an important role in the muscle remodeling that occurs in response to endurance exercise training. This review examines the specific role that redox signaling plays in this endurance exercise-induced skeletal muscle adaptation. We begin with a discussion of the primary sites of ROS production in contracting muscle fibers followed by a summary of the antioxidant enzymes involved in the regulation of ROS levels in the cell. We then discuss which redox-sensitive signaling pathways promote endurance exercise-induced muscle adaptation and debate the strength of the evidence supporting the notion that redox signaling plays an essential role in muscle adaptation to endurance exercise training. In hopes of stimulating future research, we highlight several important unanswered questions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott K Powers
- Department of Applied Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest 1123, Hungary
| | - Li Li Ji
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55455, USA
| | - Malcolm Jackson
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
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3
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Rudolf AM, Hood WR. Mitochondrial stress in the spaceflight environment. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101855. [PMID: 38403094 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Space is a challenging environment that deregulates individual homeostasis. The main external hazards associated with spaceflight include ionizing space radiation, microgravity, isolation and confinement, distance from Earth, and hostile environment. Characterizing the biological responses to spaceflight environment is essential to validate the health risks, and to develop effective protection strategies. Mitochondria energetics is a key mechanism underpinning many physiological, ecological and evolutionary processes. Moreover, mitochondrial stress can be considered one of the fundamental features of space travel. So, we attempt to synthesize key information regarding the extensive effects of spaceflight on mitochondria. In summary, mitochondria are affected by all of the five main hazards of spaceflight at multiple levels, including their morphology, respiratory function, protein, and genetics, in various tissues and organ systems. We emphasize that investigating mitochondrial biology in spaceflight conditions should become the central focus of research on the impacts of spaceflight on human health, as this approach will help resolve numerous challenges of space health and combat several health disorders associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata M Rudolf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA; Space Technology Centre, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Wendy R Hood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Sallam NA, Wang B, Laher I. Exercise training and vascular heterogeneity in db/db mice: evidence for regional- and duration-dependent effects. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2421-2436. [PMID: 37843589 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02775-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Exercise training (ET) has several health benefits; however, our understanding of regional adaptations to ET is limited. We examined the functional and molecular adaptations to short- and long-term ET in elastic and muscular conduit arteries of db/db mice in relation to changes in cardiovascular risk factors. Diabetic mice and their controls were exercised at moderate intensity for 4 or 8 weeks. The vasodilatory and contractile responses of thoracic aortae and femoral arteries isolated from the same animals were examined. Blood and aortic samples were used to measure hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, dyslipidemia, protein expression of SOD isoforms, COX, eNOS, and Akt. Short-term ET improved nitric oxide (NO) mediated vasorelaxation in the aortae and femoral arteries of db/db mice in parallel with increased SOD2 and SOD3 expression, reduced oxidative stress and triglycerides, and independent of weight loss, glycemia, or inflammation. Long-term ET reduced body weight in parallel with reduced systemic inflammation and improved insulin sensitivity along with increased SOD1, Akt, and eNOS expression and improved NO vasorelaxation. Exercise did not restore NOS- and COX-independent vasodilatation in femoral arteries, nor did it mitigate the hypercontractility in the aortae of db/db mice; rather ET transiently increased contractility in association with upregulated COX-2. Long-term ET differentially affected the aortae and femoral arteries contractile responses. ET improved NO-mediated vasodilation in both arteries likely due to collective systemic effects. ET did not mitigate all diabetes-induced vasculopathies. Optimization of the ET regimen can help develop comprehensive management of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A Sallam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Baohua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z4, Canada.
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Caporossi D, Dimauro I. Exercise-induced redox modulation as a mediator of DNA methylation in health maintenance and disease prevention. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:113-122. [PMID: 38242245 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The evidence for physical activity (PA) as a major public health preventive approach and a potent medical therapy has increased exponentially in the last decades. The biomolecular mechanisms supporting the associations between PA and/or structured exercise training with health maintenance and disease prevention are not completely characterized. However, increasing evidence pointed out the role of epigenetic modifications in exercise adaptation and health-enhancing PA throughout life, DNA methylation being the most intensely studied epigenetic modification induced by acute and chronic exercise. The current data on the modulation of DNA methylation determined by physically active behavior or exercise interventions points out genes related to energy regulation, mitochondrial function, and biosynthesis, as well as muscle regeneration, calcium signaling pathways, and brain plasticity, all consistent with the known exercise-induced redox signaling and/or reactive oxygen species (ROS) unbalance. Thus, the main focus of this review is to discuss the role of ROS and redox-signaling on DNA methylation profile and its impact on exercise-induced health benefits in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Caporossi
- Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 15, Rome, 00135, Italy.
| | - Ivan Dimauro
- Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 15, Rome, 00135, Italy
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Vilar E, Collado-Boira E, Guerrero C, Folch-Ayora A, Salas-Medina P, Hernando C, Baliño P, Muriach M. Is There a Role of Beetroot Consumption on the Recovery of Oxidative Status and Muscle Damage in Ultra-Endurance Runners? Nutrients 2024; 16:583. [PMID: 38474711 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Ultra-endurance exercise involves a high physical impact, resulting in muscle damage, inflammatory response and production of free radicals that alter the body's oxidative state. Supplementation with antioxidants, such as beetroot, may improve recovery in ultra-endurance runners. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between beetroot intake and recovery of serum oxidative status, inflammatory response and muscle damage parameters after an ultra-endurance race. (2) Methods: An observational and longitudinal study was conducted by means of surveys and blood samples collected from 32 runners during the IX Penyagolosa Trails CSP®® race and the two following days. The variables C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), the activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) as well as the oxidative damage markers malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl groups (CG) and loss of muscle strength using the squat jump (SJ) test were analyzed to discriminate whether beetroot consumption can modulate the recovery of ultra-trail runners. (3) Results: Significant differences were observed between runners who ingested beetroot and those who did not, in terms of oxidative status, specifically in serum GPx activity at 24 and 48 h, muscle damage variables CK and LDH and regarding the SJ test results at the finish line. Therefore, the intake of supplements containing beetroot positively influences the recovery of serum oxidative status and muscle damage after ultra-endurance running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vilar
- Hospital de La Plana, Vila-Real, 12540 Castellon, Spain
| | - Eladio Collado-Boira
- Unidad Predepartamental de Enfermeria, Jaume I University, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Carlos Guerrero
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Jaume I University, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Ana Folch-Ayora
- Unidad Predepartamental de Enfermeria, Jaume I University, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Pablo Salas-Medina
- Unidad Predepartamental de Enfermeria, Jaume I University, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Carlos Hernando
- Department of Education and Specific Didactics, Sport Service, Jaume I University, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Pablo Baliño
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Jaume I University, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - María Muriach
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Jaume I University, 12071 Castellón, Spain
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Kanbay M, Copur S, Yildiz AB, Tanriover C, Mallamaci F, Zoccali C. Physical exercise in kidney disease: A commonly undervalued treatment modality. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14105. [PMID: 37814427 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity has been identified as a risk factor for multiple disorders and a strong association exists between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a sedentary lifestyle. Even though physical activity is crucial in the development and progression of disease, the general focus of the current medical practice is the pharmacological perspective of diseases with inadequate emphasis on lifestyle intervention. METHODS In this narrative review we explain the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical exercise on CKD in addition to discussing the clinical studies and trials centred on physical exercise in patients with CKD. RESULTS Physical activity influences several pathophysiological mechanisms including inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular function, immune response and macromolecular metabolism. While exercise can initially induce stress responses like inflammation and oxidative stress, long-term physical activity leads to protective countermeasures and overall improved health. Trials in pre-dialysis CKD patients show that exercise can lead to reductions in body weight, inflammation markers and fasting plasma glucose. Furthermore, it improves patients' functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life. The effects of exercise on kidney function have been inconsistent in these trials. In haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplant patients exercise interventions improve cardiorespiratory fitness, walking capacity and quality of life. Combined training shows the best performance to increase peak oxygen uptake in haemodialysis patients. In kidney transplant recipients, exercise improves walking performance, quality of life and potentially arterial stiffness. However, exercise does not affect glucose metabolism, serum cholesterol and inflammation biomarkers. Long-term, adequately powered trials are needed to determine the long-term feasibility, and effects on quality of life and major clinical outcomes, including mortality and cardiovascular risk, in all CKD stages and particularly in kidney transplant patients, a scarcely investigated population. CONCLUSION Physical exercise plays a crucial role in ameliorating inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular function, immune response and macromolecular metabolism, and contributes significantly to the quality of life for patients with CKD, irrespective of the treatment and stage. Its direct impact on kidney function remains uncertain. Further extensive, long-term trials to conclusively determine the effect of exercise on major clinical outcomes such as mortality and cardiovascular risk remain a research priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kanbay
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sidar Copur
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdullah B Yildiz
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Tanriover
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Francesca Mallamaci
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit Azienda Ospedaliera "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli" & CNR-IFC, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Carmine Zoccali
- Renal Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics (Biogem), Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Associazione Ipertensione Nefrologia Trapianto Renal (IPNET), c/o Nefrologia, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Carrera-Quintanar L, Funes L, Herranz-López M, Vicente-Salar N, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Moya-Ramón M, Pons A, Micol V, Roche E. Acute Antioxidant Response to Two Types of Exercises: 2000 M Run vs. Burpee Test. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:144. [PMID: 38397742 PMCID: PMC10886302 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity results in oxidative stress, as evidenced by the increased production of reactive oxygen, nitrogen species, and inflammatory mediators. The management of these components is instrumental for antioxidant adaptation to exercise and post-exercise recovery. Therefore, the present report aims to study the antioxidant response to two types of exercise (a 2000 m run and a burpee test) in healthy volunteers after a long period of inactivity (1-2 months). Antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress markers (protein carbonyls and malondialdehyde content) were measured in neutrophils, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and plasma. These parameters were determined under basal conditions and immediately post-exercise. Compared to those in basal state, neutrophil superoxide dismutase (28.3 vs. 22.9 pkat/109 cells), glutathione peroxidase (147.5 vs. 120.1 nkat/109 cells), and catalase (106.3 vs. 57.9 k/109 cells) were activated significantly (p < 0.05) after the burpee test. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells exhibited only significant (p < 0.05) catalase activation (113.6 vs. 89.4 k/109 cells) after the burpee test. Other enzymes, such as glutathione reductase and myeloperoxidase, tended to increase post-exercise, although the differences from baseline were not significant. Finally, compared to basal conditions, the protein carbonyl (24.5 vs. 14.5 mmol/L) and malondialdehyde (39.6 vs. 18.3 mmol/L) contents increased significantly (p < 0.05) in neutrophils and in plasma (115.1 vs. 97.8 and 130.2 vs. 123.4 μmol/L, respectively) after the burpee test. In conclusion, high-intensity exercise seems to induce immediate oxidative stress in inactive individuals, and the acute antioxidant response was slightly greater after the burpee test than after the 2000 m run. Glutathione-dependent antioxidant systems are activated immediately as protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar
- Doctorate in Translational Nutrition Sciences (DCNT) University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Lorena Funes
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - María Herranz-López
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Néstor Vicente-Salar
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Manuel Moya-Ramón
- Department of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Center, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Antoni Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition/Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition/Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Roche
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition/Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Lee SB, Jo MK, Moon JE, Lee HJ, Kim JK. Relationship between Handgrip Strength and Incident Diabetes in Korean Adults According to Gender: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:627. [PMID: 38276133 PMCID: PMC10816212 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known disease that causes comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is necessary to develop diagnostic tools to prevent DM. Handgrip strength, a known diagnostic tool for sarcopenia, is a predictor of several diseases. However, the value of handgrip strength as an indicator of incident DM in Asian populations remains unknown. This study aimed to identify the relationship between handgrip strength and incidence of DM in Korean adults according to sex. (2) Methods: A total of 173,195 participants registered in a nationwide cohort were included in this study. After applying the exclusion criteria, 33,326 participants remained. DM occurred in 1473 individuals during the follow-up period (mean follow-up period, 4.1 years). To reduce the impact of body size, the study population was subdivided into quartiles of relative handgrip strength, defined as absolute handgrip strength divided by body mass index. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the relative handgrip strength was inversely associated with new-onset DM. (3) Results: Compared with the lowest quartile (Q1), the hazard ratios (HRs) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] for new-onset DM for the highest quartiles (Q4) was 0.60 (0.43-0.84) in men and 0.72 (0.52-0.99) in women after adjusting for confounding factors. The incidence of DM decreased with the increase in the relative handgrip strength. These inverse relationships were statistically more significant in men than in women. (4) Conclusions: This novel study revealed that relative handgrip strength is related to incident DM in both men and women. Relative handgrip strength can be used as a practical tool to prevent DM. Regular measurement of handgrip strength can be used to detect DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bum Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 22972, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (M.-K.J.); (H.-J.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyeung Jo
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 22972, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (M.-K.J.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Ji-Eun Moon
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Trial Centre, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hui-Jeong Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 22972, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (M.-K.J.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Jong-Koo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Global Health Care and Development, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
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Radak Z, Pan L, Zhou L, Mozaffaritabar S, Gu Y, A Pinho R, Zheng X, Ba X, Boldogh I. Epigenetic and "redoxogenetic" adaptation to physical exercise. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:65-74. [PMID: 37977212 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Exercise-induced adaptation is achieved by altering the epigenetic landscape of the entire genome leading to the expression of genes involved in various processes including regulatory, metabolic, adaptive, immune, and myogenic functions. Clinical and experimental data suggest that the methylation pattern/levels of promoter/enhancer is not linearly correlated with gene expression and proteome levels during physical activity implying a level of complexity and interplay with other regulatory modulators. It has been shown that a higher level of physical fitness is associated with a slower DNA methylation-based aging clock. There is strong evidence supporting exercise-induced ROS being a key regulatory mediator through overlapping events, both as signaling entities and through oxidative modifications to various protein mediators and DNA molecules. ROS generated by physical activity shapes epigenome both directly and indirectly, a complexity we are beginning to unravel within the epigenetic arrangement. Oxidative modification of guanine to 8-oxoguanine is a non-genotoxic alteration, does not distort DNA helix and serves as an epigenetic-like mark. The reader and eraser of oxidized guanine is the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1, contributing to changes in gene expression. In fact, it can modulate methylation patterns of promoters/enhancers consequently leading to multiple phenotypic changes. Here, we provide evidence and discuss the potential roles of exercise-induced ROS in altering cytosine methylation patterns during muscle adaptation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radak
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX77555, USA
| | - Lei Zhou
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Soroosh Mozaffaritabar
- Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ricardo A Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Xu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX77555, USA
| | - Xueqing Ba
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX77555, USA
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX77555, USA
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Kaju J, Leelarungrayub J, Natakankitkul S, Laskin JJ. Sweet-type star fruit supplementation controls oxidative stress status and enhances the community walking capacity among elderly Thai. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:446. [PMID: 38082283 PMCID: PMC10714658 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sweet-type Star fruit (SF) (Averrhoa carambola L.) is seasonal and more available for purchase in many markets in Thailand, when compared to the sour-type. But, its antioxidant activity results and potentially more modified supplement for elderly health during regular exercise in the community are unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and physical capacity from supplementation of sweet-type SF among elderly people performing home walking exercise. METHODS Mixing SF juice with honey industrially prepared the SF product. Its effects on oxidative stress status and physical capacity were studied in four groups; a supplement with walking exercise (n = 11, 67.00 ± 4.17 years), control (n = 12, aged 67.50 ± 5.58 years), supplementation (n = 11, aged 69.63 ± 7.14 years), and walking exercise (n = 12, aged 67.91 ± 4.33 years). Twenty grams or two teaspoons of supplement in warm water (150 mL) was the guideline for consumption twice daily for 4 weeks. In contrast, the walking exercise was prescribed with moderate intensity for 30 min, 3 days per week. Before and after the 4-week period, the oxidative stress status; glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (Vit C), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) were evaluated. RESULTS Results after the 4-week period, showed that Vit C and TAC increased and the MDA decreased significantly in the supplementation group, except the GSH and 6MWD results. The GSH and Vit C slightly decreased in the walking exercise group, whereas, its TAC, MDA and 6MWD increased significantly. Finally, The GSH and Vit C did not decrease and MDA slightly decreased in the combined group, but, their TAC and 6MWD increased significantly. CONCLUSION Supplementation of the SF product during walking exercise possibly controls oxidative stress status and may enhance walking capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jynwara Kaju
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jirakrit Leelarungrayub
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Surapol Natakankitkul
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - James J Laskin
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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12
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Kjellberg A, Lindholm ME, Zheng X, Liwenborg L, Rodriguez-Wallberg KA, Catrina SB, Lindholm P. Comparing the Blood Response to Hyperbaric Oxygen with High-Intensity Interval Training-A Crossover Study in Healthy Volunteers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2043. [PMID: 38136163 PMCID: PMC10740875 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and have immunomodulatory effects. The lack of readily available biomarkers for assessing the dose-response relationship is a challenge in the clinical use of HBOT, motivating this feasibility study to evaluate the methods and variability. The overall hypothesis was that a short session of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) would have measurable effects on immune cells in the same physiological range as shown in HIIT; and that the individual response to these interventions can be monitored in venous blood and/or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Ten healthy volunteers performed two interventions; a 28 min HIIT session and 28 min HBO2 in a crossover design. We evaluated bulk RNA sequencing data from PBMCs, with a separate analysis of mRNA and microRNA. Blood gases, peripheral venous oxygen saturation (SpvO2), and ROS levels were measured in peripheral venous blood. We observed an overlap in the gene expression changes in 166 genes in response to HIIT and HBO2, mostly involved in hypoxic or inflammatory pathways. Both interventions were followed by downregulation of several NF-κB signaling genes in response to both HBO2 and HIIT, while several interferon α/γ signaling genes were upregulated. Only 12 microRNA were significantly changed in HBO2 and 6 in HIIT, without overlap between interventions. ROS levels were elevated in blood at 30 min and 60 min compared to the baseline during HIIT, but not during/after HBO2. In conclusion, HBOT changed the gene expression in a number of pathways measurable in PBMC. The correlation of these changes with the dose and individual response to treatment warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Kjellberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.)
- Medical Unit Intensive Care and Thoracic Surgery, Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maléne E. Lindholm
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Liwenborg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.)
| | - Kenny Alexandra Rodriguez-Wallberg
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Lindholm
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.)
- Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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13
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Xu X, Xu XD, Liang Y, Xu T, Shao FR, Zhu L, Ren K. Research trends and hotspots of exercise therapy in Panvascular disease: A bibliometric analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35879. [PMID: 37960783 PMCID: PMC10637483 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Panvascular diseases are a group of vascular system diseases, mainly including the heart, brain, neck, and other parts of the vascular lesions. As a non-pharmacological intervention, exercise therapy could prevent and treat Panvascular diseases. However, few bibliometric analyses of exercise therapy in Panvascular disease exist. This study aimed to analyze the trends and hotspots over the past decade and provide insights into the latest state of the art in global research, thereby contributing to further research in the field. We systematically searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) for articles on exercise therapy and Panvascular disease. The acquired information from the reports was analyzed using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software to assess and forecast this field hottest areas and trends. The final analysis included 294 articles by our specified inclusion criteria. The number of publications has gradually increased over the past decade. Stroke was one of the most studied Panvascular diseases. China and the University of Sao Paulo were the country es and institutions that contributed the most to the field. Mary M. McDermott was the most prolific researcher, and the Journal of Vascular Surgery published the most articles. The 6-minute walk test, skeletal muscle, oxidative stress, and supervised exercise therapy were hot topics from 2019 to 2023. In conclusion, exploring exercise therapy programs and exercise mechanisms for Panvascular diseases has been ongoing. This study revealed the current status and trends of research in the field and identified hot topics. It was helpful for scholars to understand exercise therapy critical role in treating and preventing Panvascular diseases and provided a reference for clinical decision-making and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xu
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dan Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yin Liang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Fu-Rong Shao
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, PR China
| | - Kun Ren
- College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
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14
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McIlvenna LC, Whitham M. Exercise, healthy ageing, and the potential role of small extracellular vesicles. J Physiol 2023; 601:4937-4951. [PMID: 35388915 PMCID: PMC10952297 DOI: 10.1113/jp282468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be released from most cells in the body and act as intercellular messengers transferring information in their cargo to affect cellular function. A growing body of evidence suggests that a subset of EVs, referred to here as 'small extracellular vesicles' (sEVs), can accelerate or slow the processes of ageing and age-related diseases dependent on their molecular cargo and cellular origin. Continued exploration of the vast complexity of the sEV cargo aims to further characterise these systemic vehicles that may be targeted to ameliorate age-related pathologies. Marked progress in the development of mass spectrometry-based technologies means that it is now possible to characterise a significant proportion of the proteome of sEVs (surface and cargo) via unbiased proteomics. This information is vital for identifying biomarkers and the development of sEV-based therapeutics in the context of ageing. Although exercise and physical activity are prominent features in maintaining health in advancing years, the mechanisms responsible are unclear. A potential mechanism by which plasma sEVs released during exercise could influence ageing and senescence is via the increased delivery of cargo proteins that function as antioxidant enzymes or inhibitors of senescence. These have been observed to increase in sEVs following acute and chronic exercise, as identified via independent interrogation of high coverage, publicly available proteomic datasets. Establishing tropism and exchange of functionally active proteins by these processes represents a promising line of enquiry in implicating sEVs as biologically relevant mediators of the ageing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke C. McIlvenna
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Martin Whitham
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
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15
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Kamunde C, Wijayakulathilake Y, Okoye C, Chinnappareddy N, Kalvani Z, van den Heuvel M, Sappal R, Stevens D. Exhaustive exercise alters native and site-specific H 2O 2 emission in red and white skeletal muscle mitochondria. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:602-613. [PMID: 37729974 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis is intricately linked to energy conversion reactions and entails regulation of the mechanisms of ROS production and removal. However, there is limited understanding of how energy demand modulates ROS balance. Skeletal muscle experiences a wide range of energy requirements depending on the intensity and duration of exercise and therefore is an excellent model to probe the effect of altered energy demand on mitochondrial ROS production. Because in most fish skeletal muscle exists essentially as pure spatially distinct slow-twitch red oxidative and fast-twitch white glycolytic fibers, it provides a natural system for investigating how functional specialization affects ROS homeostasis. We tested the hypothesis that acute increase in energy demand imposed by exhaustive exercise will increase mitochondrial H2O2 emission to a greater extent in red muscle mitochondria (RMM) compared with white muscle mitochondria (WMM). We found that native H2O2 emission rates varied by up to 6-fold depending on the substrate being oxidized and muscle fiber type, with RMM emitting at higher rates with glutamate-malate and palmitoylcarnitine while WMM emitted at higher rates with succinate and glyceral-3-phosphate. Exhaustive exercise increased the native and site-specific H2O2 emission rates; however, the maximal emission rates depended on the substrate, fiber type and redox site. The H2O2 consumption capacity and activities of individual antioxidant enzymes including the glutathione- and thioredoxin-dependent peroxidases as well as catalase were higher in RMM compared with WMM indicating that the activity of antioxidant defense system does not explain the differences in H2O2 emission rates in RMM and WMM. Overall, our study suggests that substrate selection and oxidation may be the key factors determining the rates of ROS production in RMM and WMM following exhaustive exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada.
| | - Yashodya Wijayakulathilake
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | - Chidozie Okoye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | - Nirmala Chinnappareddy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | - Zahra Kalvani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | | | - Ravinder Sappal
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, New York, USA
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
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16
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Chaudhary MR, Chaudhary S, Sharma Y, Singh TA, Mishra AK, Sharma S, Mehdi MM. Aging, oxidative stress and degenerative diseases: mechanisms, complications and emerging therapeutic strategies. Biogerontology 2023; 24:609-662. [PMID: 37516673 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Aging accompanied by several age-related complications, is a multifaceted inevitable biological progression involving various genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The major factor in this process is oxidative stress, caused by an abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ROS and RNS pose a threat by disrupting signaling mechanisms and causing oxidative damage to cellular components. This oxidative stress affects both the ER and mitochondria, causing proteopathies (abnormal protein aggregation), initiation of unfolded protein response, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal cellular senescence, ultimately leading to inflammaging (chronic inflammation associated with aging) and, in rare cases, metastasis. RONS during oxidative stress dysregulate multiple metabolic pathways like NF-κB, MAPK, Nrf-2/Keap-1/ARE and PI3K/Akt which may lead to inappropriate cell death through apoptosis and necrosis. Inflammaging contributes to the development of inflammatory and degenerative diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and retinopathy. The body's antioxidant systems, sirtuins, autophagy, apoptosis, and biogenesis play a role in maintaining homeostasis, but they have limitations and cannot achieve an ideal state of balance. Certain interventions, such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, dietary habits, and regular exercise, have shown beneficial effects in counteracting the aging process. In addition, interventions like senotherapy (targeting senescent cells) and sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs) enhance autophagy and apoptosis for efficient removal of damaged oxidative products and organelles. Further, STACs enhance biogenesis for the regeneration of required organelles to maintain homeostasis. This review article explores the various aspects of oxidative damage, the associated complications, and potential strategies to mitigate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Raj Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Sakshi Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Yogita Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Thokchom Arjun Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Alok Kumar Mishra
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
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17
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Yamada M, Warabi E, Oishi H, Lira VA, Okutsu M. Muscle p62 stimulates the expression of antioxidant proteins alleviating cancer cachexia. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23156. [PMID: 37624620 PMCID: PMC10560086 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300349r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in skeletal muscle atrophy during cancer cachexia, and more glycolytic muscles are preferentially affected. Sequestosome1/SQSTM1 (i.e., p62), particularly when phosphorylated at Ser 349 (Ser 351 in mice), competitively binds to the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) activating Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 then stimulates the transcription of antioxidant/electrophile-responsive elements in target genes. However, a potential role for p62 in the protection of muscle wasting in cachexia remains to be determined. Here, using the well-established cachexia-inducing model of Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) in mice we demonstrate higher expression of antioxidant proteins (i.e., NQO1, HO-1, GSTM1, CuZnSOD, MnSOD, and EcSOD) in the more oxidative and cachexia resistant soleus muscle than in the more glycolytic and cachexia prone extensor digitorum longus muscle. This was accompanied by higher p62 (total and phosphorylated) and nuclear Nrf2 levels in the soleus, which were paralleled by higher expression of proteins known to either phosphorylate or promote p62 phosphorylation (i.e., NBR1, CK1, PKCδ, and TAK1). Muscle-specific p62 gain-of-function (i.e., in p62 mTg mice) activated Nrf2 nuclear translocation and increased the expression of multiple antioxidant proteins (i.e., CuZnSOD, MnSOD, EcSOD, NQO1, and GSTM1) in glycolytic muscles. Interestingly, skeletal muscle Nrf2 haplodeficiency blunted the increases of most of these proteins (i.e., CuZnSOD, EcSOD, and NQO1) suggesting that muscle p62 stimulates antioxidant protein expression also via additional, yet to be determined mechanisms. Of note, p62 gain-of-function mitigated glycolytic muscle wasting in LLC-affected mice. Collectively, our findings identify skeletal muscle p62 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Yamada
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiji Warabi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hisashi Oishi
- Department of Comparative and Experimental Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Vitor A. Lira
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, Obesity Research and Education Initiative, F.O.E. Diabetes Research Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Mitsuharu Okutsu
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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18
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Dalle Carbonare L, Minoia A, Zouari S, Piritore FC, Vareschi A, Romanelli MG, Valenti MT. Crosstalk between Bone and Muscles during Physical Activity. Cells 2023; 12:2088. [PMID: 37626898 PMCID: PMC10453939 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-muscle crosstalk is enabled thanks to the integration of different molecular signals, and it is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of skeletal and muscle tissue. Both the skeletal system and the muscular system perform endocrine activity by producing osteokines and myokines, respectively. These cytokines play a pivotal role in facilitating bone-muscle crosstalk. Moreover, recent studies have highlighted the role of non-coding RNAs in promoting crosstalk between bone and muscle in physiological or pathological conditions. Therefore, positive stimuli or pathologies that target one of the two systems can affect the other system as well, emphasizing the reciprocal influence of bone and muscle. Lifestyle and in particular physical activity influence both the bone and the muscular apparatus by acting on the single system but also by enhancing its crosstalk. Several studies have in fact demonstrated the modulation of circulating molecular factors during physical activity. These molecules are often produced by bone or muscle and are capable of activating signaling pathways involved in bone-muscle crosstalk but also of modulating the response of other cell types. Therefore, in this review we will discuss the effects of physical activity on bone and muscle cells, with particular reference to the biomolecular mechanisms that regulate their cellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Dalle Carbonare
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Arianna Minoia
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Sharazed Zouari
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Francesca Cristiana Piritore
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (F.C.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Anna Vareschi
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Maria Grazia Romanelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (F.C.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Maria Teresa Valenti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (F.C.P.); (M.G.R.)
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Caturano A, D’Angelo M, Mormone A, Russo V, Mollica MP, Salvatore T, Galiero R, Rinaldi L, Vetrano E, Marfella R, Monda M, Giordano A, Sasso FC. Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes: Impacts from Pathogenesis to Lifestyle Modifications. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6651-6666. [PMID: 37623239 PMCID: PMC10453126 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a critical factor in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes and its associated complications. The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the body's antioxidant defence mechanisms leads to cellular damage and dysfunction. In diabetes, chronic hyperglycaemia and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to increased ROS production, further exacerbating oxidative stress. This oxidative burden adversely affects various aspects of diabetes, including impaired beta-cell function and insulin resistance, leading to disrupted glucose regulation. Additionally, oxidative stress-induced damage to blood vessels and impaired endothelial function contribute to the development of diabetic vascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, organs and tissues throughout the body, including the kidneys, nerves, and eyes, are vulnerable to oxidative stress, resulting in diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Strategies to mitigate oxidative stress in diabetes include antioxidant therapy, lifestyle modifications, and effective management of hyperglycaemia. However, further research is necessary to comprehensively understand the underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress in diabetes and to evaluate the efficacy of antioxidant interventions in preventing and treating diabetic complications. By addressing oxidative stress, it might be possible to alleviate the burden of diabetes and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Caturano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy; (M.D.)
| | - Margherita D’Angelo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy; (M.D.)
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Andrea Mormone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, I-80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Salvatore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Galiero
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Vetrano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy; (M.D.)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
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20
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Ferreira RO, Frazão DR, Ferreira MKM, Magno MB, Fagundes NCF, Rosing CK, Maia LC, Lima RR. Periodontal disease and sports performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Res Sports Med 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37497651 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2023.2235048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between athletic performance and periodontal disease (PD). Observational studies published up to April 2022 were searched in online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar). PECO statement focused on studies with professional athletes (Participants) with PD (Exposition) compared to those with healthy periodontium (Comparison) and its effects on sports performance (outcome). Searches were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines (registration protocol: 10.17605/OSF.IO/7ADH6) and risk of bias evaluation according to the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. A total of 793 references were retrieved, of which eight were considered eligible. Two studies did not show an association between clinical PD parameters and performance. A meta-analysis with 396 participants suggested a relationship between PD and self-reported reduction in sports performance (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-2.31; p = 0.03; I2 = 0%) with moderate quality of evidence accordingly GRADE analysis. Despite the differences in performance evaluations between studies, PD was associated with reduced self-reported sports performance. Additional studies assessing confounding factors and objective assessment of PD and performance are needed to clarify the real effect of both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Railson Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Deborah Ribeiro Frazão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Maria Karolina Martins Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Marcela Baraúna Magno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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Martinez-Canton M, Galvan-Alvarez V, Garcia-Gonzalez E, Gallego-Selles A, Gelabert-Rebato M, Garcia-Perez G, Santana A, Lopez-Rios L, Vega-Morales T, Martin-Rincon M, Calbet JAL. A Mango Leaf Extract (Zynamite ®) Combined with Quercetin Has Exercise-Mimetic Properties in Human Skeletal Muscle. Nutrients 2023; 15:2848. [PMID: 37447175 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Zynamite PX®, a mango leaf extract combined with quercetin, enhances exercise performance by unknown molecular mechanisms. Twenty-five volunteers were assigned to a control (17 males) or supplementation group (8 males, receiving 140 mg of Zynamite® + 140 mg quercetin/8 h for 2 days). Then, they performed incremental exercise to exhaustion (IE) followed by occlusion of the circulation in one leg for 60 s. Afterwards, the cuff was released, and a 30 s sprint was performed, followed by 90 s circulatory occlusion (same leg). Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained at baseline, 20 s after IE (occluded leg) and 10 s after Wingate (occluded leg), and bilaterally at 90 s and 30 min post exercise. Compared to the controls, the Zynamite PX® group showed increased basal protein expression of Thr287-CaMKIIδD (2-fold, p = 0.007) and Ser9-GSK3β (1.3-fold, p = 0.005) and a non-significant increase of total NRF2 (1.7-fold, p = 0.099) and Ser40-NRF2 (1.2-fold, p = 0.061). In the controls, there was upregulation with exercise and recovery of total NRF2, catalase, glutathione reductase, and Thr287-CaMKIIδD (1.2-2.9-fold, all p < 0.05), which was not observed in the Zynamite PX® group. In conclusion, Zynamite PX® elicits muscle signaling changes in resting skeletal muscle resembling those described for exercise training and partly abrogates the stress kinases responses to exercise as observed in trained muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Martinez-Canton
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Victor Galvan-Alvarez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Gonzalez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Angel Gallego-Selles
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Miriam Gelabert-Rebato
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Giovanni Garcia-Perez
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Rios
- Nektium Pharma, Las Mimosas 8, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose A L Calbet
- Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, 0806 Oslo, Norway
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22
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Costa J, Braga PC, Rebelo I, Oliveira PF, Alves MG. Mitochondria Quality Control and Male Fertility. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:827. [PMID: 37372112 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are pivotal to cellular homeostasis, performing vital functions such as bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and cell signalling. Proper maintenance of these processes is crucial to prevent disease development and ensure optimal cell function. Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission, fusion, biogenesis, mitophagy, and apoptosis, maintain mitochondrial quality control, which is essential for overall cell health. In male reproduction, mitochondria play a pivotal role in germ cell development and any defects in mitochondrial quality can have serious consequences on male fertility. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) also play a crucial role in sperm capacitation, but excessive ROS levels can trigger oxidative damage. Any imbalance between ROS and sperm quality control, caused by non-communicable diseases or environmental factors, can lead to an increase in oxidative stress, cell damage, and apoptosis, which in turn affect sperm concentration, quality, and motility. Therefore, assessing mitochondrial functionality and quality control is essential to gain valuable insights into male infertility. In sum, proper mitochondrial functionality is essential for overall health, and particularly important for male fertility. The assessment of mitochondrial functionality and quality control can provide crucial information for the study and management of male infertility and may lead to the development of new strategies for its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Costa
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia C Braga
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Imuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Irene Rebelo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biologic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biologic Sciences, Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Imuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Lubbe C, Meyer LCR, Kohn TA, Harvey BH, Wolmarans DW. The pathophysiology of rhabdomyolysis in ungulates and rats: towards the development of a rodent model of capture myopathy. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:361-371. [PMID: 36334218 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10030-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Capture myopathy (CM), which is associated with the capture and translocation of wildlife, is a life-threatening condition that causes noteworthy morbidity and mortality in captured animals. Such wildlife deaths have a significant impact on nature conservation efforts and the socio-economic wellbeing of communities reliant on ecotourism. Several strategies are used to minimise the adverse consequences associated with wildlife capture, especially in ungulates, but no successful preventative or curative measures have yet been developed. The primary cause of death in wild animals diagnosed with CM stems from kidney or multiple organ failure as secondary complications to capture-induced rhabdomyolysis. Ergo, the development of accurate and robust model frameworks is vital to improve our understanding of CM. Still, since CM-related complications are borne from biological and behavioural factors that may be unique to wildlife, e.g. skeletal muscle architecture or flighty nature, certain differences between the physiology and stress responses of wildlife and rodents need consideration in such endeavours. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarise some of the major etiological and pathological mechanisms of the condition as it is observed in wildlife and what is currently known of CM-like syndromes, i.e. rhabdomyolysis, in laboratory rats. Additionally, we will highlight some key aspects for consideration in the development and application of potential future rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Lubbe
- Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Leith C R Meyer
- Center for Veterinary Wildlife Research and Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Tertius A Kohn
- Center for Veterinary Wildlife Research and Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Brian H Harvey
- Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Unit On Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - De Wet Wolmarans
- Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
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Sołtysik BK, Karolczak K, Kostka T, Stephenson SS, Watala C, Kostka J. Contribution of Physical Activity to the Oxidative and Antioxidant Potential in 60-65-Year-Old Seniors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1200. [PMID: 37371930 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Both acute exercise and regular physical activity (PA) are directly related to the redox system. However, at present, there are data suggesting both positive and negative relationships between the PA and oxidation. In addition, there is a limited number of publications differentiating the relationships between PA and numerous markers of plasma and platelets targets for the oxidative stress. In this study, in a population of 300 participants from central Poland (covering the age range between 60 and 65 years), PA was assessed as regards energy expenditure (PA-EE) and health-related behaviors (PA-HRB). Total antioxidant potential (TAS), total oxidative stress (TOS) and several other markers of an oxidative stress, monitored in platelet and plasma lipids and proteins, were then determined. The association of PA with oxidative stress was determined taking into the account basic confounders, such as age, sex and the set of the relevant cardiometabolic factors. In simple correlations, platelet lipid peroxides, free thiol and amino groups of platelet proteins, as well as the generation of superoxide anion radical, were inversely related with PA-EE. In multivariate analyses, apart from other cardiometabolic factors, a significant positive impact of PA-HRB was revealed for TOS (inverse relationship), while in the case of PA-EE, the effect was found to be positive (inverse association) for lipid peroxides and superoxide anion but negative (lower concentration) for free thiol and free amino groups in platelets proteins. Therefore, the impact of PA may be different on oxidative stress markers in platelets as compared to plasma proteins and also dissimilar on platelet lipids and proteins. These associations are more visible for platelets than plasma markers. For lipid oxidation, PA seems to have protective effect. In the case of platelets proteins, PA tends to act as pro-oxidative factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej K Sołtysik
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical University of Lodz, Haller Square No. 1, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
| | - Kamil Karolczak
- Department of Hemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka Street 6/8, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kostka
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical University of Lodz, Haller Square No. 1, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
| | - Serena S Stephenson
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical University of Lodz, Haller Square No. 1, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
| | - Cezary Watala
- Department of Hemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka Street 6/8, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
| | - Joanna Kostka
- Department of Gerontology, Medical University of Lodz, Milionowa Street No. 14, 93-113 Łódź, Poland
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Caballero-García A, Noriega-González DC, Roche E, Drobnic F, Córdova A. Effects of L-Carnitine Intake on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Oxidative Stress: A Narrative Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112587. [PMID: 37299549 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise-induced muscle damage results in decreased physical performance that is accompanied by an inflammatory response in muscle tissue. The inflammation process occurs with the infiltration of phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages) that play a key role in the repair and regeneration of muscle tissue. In this context, high intensity or long-lasting exercise results in the breakdown of cell structures. The removal of cellular debris is performed by infiltrated phagocytes, but with the release of free radicals as collateral products. L-carnitine is a key metabolite in cellular energy metabolism, but at the same time, it exerts antioxidant actions in the neuromuscular system. L-carnitine eliminates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that, in excess, alter DNA, lipids and proteins, disturbing cell function. Supplementation using L-carnitine results in an increase in serum L-carnitine levels that correlates positively with the decrease in cell alterations induced by oxidative stress situations, such as hypoxia. The present narrative scoping review focuses on the critical evaluation of the efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage, particularly in postexercise inflammatory and oxidative damage. Although both concepts appear associated, only in two studies were evaluated together. In addition, other studies explored the effect of L-carnitine in perception of fatigue and delayed onset of muscle soreness. In view of the studies analyzed and considering the role of L-carnitine in muscle bioenergetics and its antioxidant potential, this supplement could help in postexercise recovery. However, further studies are needed to conclusively clarify the mechanisms underlying these protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Caballero-García
- Department of Anatomy and Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, GIR Physical Exercise and Aging, University of Valladolid, Campus Los Pajaritos, 42004 Soria, Spain
| | - David C Noriega-González
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Enrique Roche
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Franchek Drobnic
- Medical Services Wolverhampton Wanderers FC, Wolverhampton WV3 9BF, UK
| | - Alfredo Córdova
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, GIR Physical Exercise and Aging, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, 42004 Soria, Spain
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Tuell DS, Los EA, Ford GA, Stone WL. The Role of Natural Antioxidant Products That Optimize Redox Status in the Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1139. [PMID: 37371869 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes is rapidly increasing, particularly in children, adolescents, and young adults. Oxidative stress (OxS) has emerged as a likely initiating factor in T2D. Natural antioxidant products may act to slow or prevent T2D by multiple mechanisms, i.e., (1) reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress, (2) preventing the damaging effects of lipid peroxidation, and (3) acting as essential cofactors for antioxidant enzymes. Natural antioxidant products should also be evaluated in the context of the complex physiological processes that modulate T2D-OxS such as glycemic control, postprandial OxS, the polyol pathway, high-calorie, high-fat diets, exercise, and sleep. Minimizing processes that induce chronic damaging OxS and maximizing the intake of natural antioxidant products may provide a means of preventing or slowing T2D progression. This "optimal redox" (OptRedox) approach also provides a framework in which to discuss the potential benefits of natural antioxidant products such as vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene, selenium, and manganese. Although there is a consensus that early effective intervention is critical for preventing or reversing T2D progression, most research has focused on adults. It is critical, therefore, that future research include pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn S Tuell
- Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Evan A Los
- Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - George A Ford
- Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - William L Stone
- Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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Buhr TJ, Reed CH, Wee OM, Lee JH, Yuan LL, Fleshner M, Valentine RJ, Clark PJ. The persistence of stress-induced physical inactivity in rats: an investigation of central monoamine neurotransmitters and skeletal muscle oxidative stress. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1169151. [PMID: 37273279 PMCID: PMC10237271 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1169151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sedentary lifestyles have reached epidemic proportions world-wide. A growing body of literature suggests that exposures to adverse experiences (e.g., psychological traumas) are a significant risk factor for the development of physically inactive lifestyles. However, the biological mechanisms linking prior stress exposure and persistent deficits in physical activity engagement remains poorly understood. Methods The purpose of this study was twofold. First, to identify acute stress intensity thresholds that elicit long-term wheel running deficits in rats. To that end, young adult male rats were exposed to a single episode of 0, 50, or 100 uncontrollable tail shocks and then given free access to running wheels for 9 weeks. Second, to identify stress-induced changes to central monoamine neurotransmitters and peripheral muscle physiology that may be maladaptive to exercise output. For this study, rats were either exposed to a single episode of uncontrollable tail shocks (stress) or left undisturbed in home cages (unstressed). Eight days later, monoamine-related neurochemicals were quantified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) across brain reward, motor, and emotion structures immediately following a bout of graded treadmill exercise controlled for duration and intensity. Additionally, protein markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic activity were assessed in the gastrocnemius muscle by Western blot. Results For experiment 1, stress exposure caused a shock number-dependent two to fourfold decrease in wheel running distance across the entire duration of the study. For experiment 2, stress exposure curbed an exercise-induced increase of dopamine (DA) turnover measures in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and augmented serotonin (5HT) turnover in the hypothalamus and remaining cortical area. However, stress exposure also caused several monoaminergic changes independent of exercise that could underlie impaired motivation for physical activity, including a mild dopamine deficiency in the striatal area. Finally, stress potently increased HSP70 and lowered SOD2 protein concentrations in the gastrocnemius muscle, which may indicate prolonged oxidative stress. Discussion These data support some of the possible central and peripheral mechanisms by which exposure to adverse experiences may chronically impair physical activity engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor J. Buhr
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Carter H. Reed
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Olivia M. Wee
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ji Heun Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Li-Lian Yuan
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, United States
| | - Monika Fleshner
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Rudy J. Valentine
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Peter J. Clark
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Di Pumpo F, Meloni G, Paganini M, Cialoni D, Garetto G, Cipriano A, Giacon TA, Martani L, Camporesi E, Bosco G. Comparison between Arterial Blood Gases and Oxygen Reserve Index™ in a SCUBA Diver: A Case Report. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11081102. [PMID: 37107936 PMCID: PMC10138174 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and hyperoxia are both worrisome issues potentially affecting SCUBA divers, but validated methods to monitor these two conditions underwater are still lacking. In this experiment, a volunteer SCUBA diver was equipped with a pulse oximeter to detect peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and a device to monitor the oxygen reserve index (ORi™). ORi™ values were compared with arterial blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) and the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) obtained from the cannulated right radial artery at three steps: at rest out of water; at -15 m underwater after pedaling on a submerged bike; after resurfacing. SpO2 and ORi™ mirrored the changes in SaO2 and PaO2, confirming the expected hyperoxia at depth. To confirm the potential usefulness of an integrated SpO2 and ORi™ device, further studies are needed on a broader sample with different underwater conditions and diving techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Di Pumpo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- ComSubIn, Italian Navy, 19025 Varignano-Le Grazie, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Paganini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Danilo Cialoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Cipriano
- Emergency Medicine Unit and Emergency Department, Nuovo Santa Chiara Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Luca Martani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Enrico Camporesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gerardo Bosco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Li TT, Wang HY, Zhang H, Zhang PP, Zhang MC, Feng HY, Duan XY, Liu WB, Wang XW, Sun ZG. Effect of breathing exercises on oxidative stress biomarkers in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1121036. [PMID: 37122322 PMCID: PMC10132211 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1121036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundBreathing exercises improve oxidative stress in healthy young adults and patients with diabetes, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Furthermore, the mechanism of respiratory intervention is controversial. Therefore, in this meta-analysis, we aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of breathing exercises on oxidative stress biomarkers in humans and provide evidence for the clinical application of breathing exercises.MethodsThe Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and WANFANG databases were searched for studies about the effects of breathing exercises on human oxidative stress levels, with no restraints regarding time, race, or language. The experimental group included various breathing exercises, and the outcome index included malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione, nitric oxide, vitamin C, or total antioxidant capacity levels from a randomized controlled trial. Data were extracted by more than two authors and reviewed by one author.ResultsTen studies were included from five countries. Data from patients with no disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, or diabetes were included. Participants who performed breathing exercises had greater changes in the included biomarkers than those who did not, suggesting that these biomarkers can be used to evaluate oxidative stress after respiratory interventions.ConclusionBreathing exercises increased SOD and GSH activities and decreased MDA content.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022337119, identifier CRD42022337119.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-ting Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hong-ying Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ping-ping Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ming-chen Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hai-yang Feng
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiao-yong Duan
- Weifang People’s Hospital and Brain Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Wen-bo Liu
- School of First Clinical Medical, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Xiao-wen Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Xiao-wen Wang,
| | - Zhong-guang Sun
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhong-guang Sun,
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Zafaranieh S, Stadler JT, Pammer A, Marsche G, van Poppel MNM, Desoye G. The Association of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior with Maternal and Cord Blood Anti-Oxidative Capacity and HDL Functionality: Findings of DALI Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040827. [PMID: 37107203 PMCID: PMC10135087 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most common health issues in pregnancy with short and long-term consequences for both mother and her offspring. Promoting moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and decreasing sedentary time (ST) could have a positive impact on weight and obesity management, and therefore adiposity-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and atherogenesis. However, the effects of MVPA and ST on anti-oxidative and anti-atherogenic markers in pregnancy have not been studied to date. This study aimed to assess the association of longitudinally and objectively measured MVPA and ST in 122 overweight/obese women (BMI ≥ 29 kg/m2) with maternal and cord blood markers of oxidative stress measured by advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), anti-oxidative capacity, as well as high-density lipoproteins (HDL) related paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity and cholesterol efflux. Linear regression models showed no associations of MVPA and ST with outcomes in maternal blood. In contrast, MVPA at <20 weeks and 24–28 weeks of gestation were positively associated with anti-oxidative capacity, as well as PON-1 activity of HDL in cord blood. MVPA at 35–37 weeks correlated with higher AOPP, as well as higher anti-oxidative capacity. ST <20 weeks was also positively associated with inhibition of oxidation in cord blood. We speculate that increasing MVPA of overweight/obese women during pregnancy attenuates the oxidative stress state in the new-born.
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He J, Zhou M, Zhao F, Cheng H, Huang H, Xu X, Han J, Hong W, Wang F, Xiao Y, Xia J, Liu K. FGF-21 and GDF-15 are increased in migraine and associated with the severity of migraine-related disability. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:28. [PMID: 36935492 PMCID: PMC10026504 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01563-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is a prevalent disorder with significant socioeconomic impact. The impairment of metabolic homeostasis in migraine warrants further investigation. Changes in serum levels of Fibroblast-growth-factor 21 (FGF-21) and Growth-differentiation-factor 15 (GDF-15) are characteristic of some metabolic and mitochondrial diseases. This study aimed to assess whether the presence of migraine affects serum levels of FGF-21 and GDF-15, and taking metabolic disorders into account as potential confounding factors. METHODS We collected serum samples from 221 migraine patients (153 episodic migraineurs and 68 chronic migraineurs) and 124 healthy controls. The serum concentrations of FGF-21 and GDF-15 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based approach. Clinical variables, including monthly headache days, peak headache pain intensity, the 6-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), were also addressed. The associations between the clinical variables of migraine patients and serum levels of FGF-21 and GDF-15 were studied. RESULTS In the multiple regression that corrected for age, we found that the serum levels of FGF-21 and GDF-15 were significantly higher in migraine sufferers than in healthy controls. A significant elevation in serum concentration of FGF-21, but not GDF-15, was observed in patients with chronic migraine (CM) compared to those with episodic migraine (EM). Regarding migraine-related disability, higher scores on the HIT-6 and MIDAS were associated with higher levels of FGF-21 and GDF-15. For the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the diagnosis of migraine using GDF-15 showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.801 and the AUC of chronic migraine was 0.880. CONCLUSION Serum GDF-15 and FGF-21 levels are increased in patients with migraine and associated with the severity of migraine-related disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fanglin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongrong Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaopei Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Han
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, No 999 Zhongxingnan Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwu Hong
- Department of Neurology, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No 1 Kangning Middle Road, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Faming Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No 1 Kangning Middle Road, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujin Xiao
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Jiaxing TCM Hospital, 1501 East Zhongshan Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinjin Xia
- Department of Neurology, Changxing People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No 66 Taihu Middle Road, Changxing, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaiming Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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An Z, Wang Y, Li X, Jin H, Gong Y. Antifatigue effect of sea buckthorn seed oil on swimming fatigue in mice. J Food Sci 2023; 88:1482-1494. [PMID: 36916120 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of sea buckthorn seed oil (SSO) on exercise-induced fatigue in mice was explored. The animals were randomly divided into a normal control group, exercise-induced fatigue group (EFG), SSO low-dose group, SSO medium-dose group, and SSO high-dose group. The mice in all the groups underwent swimming training for 10 days. Those in the treatment groups received different amounts of SSO (0.85, 1.68, and 3.35 g/kg BW [body weight]) before the exercise. All the animals were sacrificed on the last day after an exhaustive swimming test, and serum, liver, and brain specimens were collected. In the exhaustive swimming test, the swimming durations in the SSO-treated animals were longer than those in the EFG. Furthermore, SSO reduced serum lactic acid, blood urea nitrogen, and hepatic malondialdehyde levels and increased liver glycogen level, hepatic superoxide dismutase level, hypothalamic dopamine content, and glutathione peroxidase level. The SSO treatment decreased hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine content, lipid hydroperoxide level, NLRP3 inflammasome, and interleukin-1β protein expression in the prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, it promoted the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in the liver. SSO exhibited an excellent antifatigue effect, which may be related to its inhibition of oxidative and inflammatory injury and regulation of hypothalamic neurotransmitters. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In the present study, the effect of sea buckthorn seed oil on fatigue in mice and its potential mechanism were explored. Taken together, the findings provide insight into the potential role of sea buckthorn seed oil in the development of antifatigue drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua An
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangbo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanling Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Zamora-Camacho FJ, Burraco P, Zambrano-Fernández S, Aragón P. Ammonium effects on oxidative stress, telomere length, and locomotion across life stages of an anuran from habitats with contrasting land-use histories. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160924. [PMID: 36526187 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanistic implications behind wildlife responses to global changes is a central topic in eco-evolutionary research. In particular, anthropic pollution is known to impact wild populations across the globe, which may have even stronger consequences for species with complex life cycles. Among vertebrates, amphibians represent a paradigmatic example of metamorphosis, and their characteristics make them highly vulnerable to pollution. Here, we tested for differences in the redox status, telomere length, and locomotor performance across life stages of green frogs (Pelophylax perezi) from agrosystem and natural habitats, both constitutively and in response to an experimental ammonium exposure (10 mg/L). We found that larvae from the agrosystem constitutively showed an enhanced redox status (better antioxidant balance against H2O2, lower lipid peroxidation) but shorter telomeres as compared to larvae from the natural environment. The larval redox response to ammonium was, overall, similar in both habitats. In contrast, after metamorphosis, the redox status of individuals from the natural habitat seemed to cope better with ammonium exposure (denoted by lower lipid peroxidation), and differences between habitats in telomere length were no longer present. Intriguingly, while the swimming performance of larvae did not correlate with individual's physiology, metamorphs with lower glutathione reductase activity and longer telomeres had a better jumping performance. This may suggest that locomotor performance is both traded off with the production of reactive oxygen species and potentiated directly by longer telomeres or indirectly by the mechanisms that buffer their shortening. Overall, our study suggests that contrasting land-use histories can drive divergence in physiological pathways linked to individual health and lifespan. Since this pattern was life-stage dependent, divergent habitat conditions can have contrasting implications across the ontogenetic development of species with complex life cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Zamora-Camacho
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pablo Burraco
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Doñana Biological Station, Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Aragón
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Mastali VP, Hoseini R, Azizi M. The effect of short-term vitamin D on the antioxidant capacity following exhaustive aerobic exercise. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:584-591. [PMID: 37545926 PMCID: PMC10398448 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exhaustive Aerobic Exercise (EAE) increases the production of free radicals and oxidative stress in the body. One of the most effective approaches to reduce EAE-induced oxidative stress is antioxidant supplementation. Objectives Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of short-term Vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation on antioxidant capacity in inactive men following an EAE session. Methods In this clinical trial, 24 non-athlete men were randomly divided into Experimental (Exp; n = 12) and Control (C; n = 12) groups. Exp received 2,000 IU of Vit D daily for six weeks (42 days), while C received a lactose placebo daily with the same color, shape, and warmth percentage. EAE sessions were performed on a treadmill before and after six weeks of supplementation. Results The results showed that EAE increased antioxidant capacity and Vit D (P<0.05). Compared with C, six weeks of Vit D supplementation significantly increased superoxide dismutase (P=0.001), glutathione peroxidase (P=0.011), catalase (P=0.018), peroxidase (P=0.001), and Vit D (P=0.001), in the Exp at the Post 2 stage. Conclusion Finally, short-term Vit D supplementation could be recommended to non-athlete men deciding to participate in EAE to prevent oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Parvizi Mastali
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rastegar Hoseini
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azizi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Whole-Body Vibration Training on Oxidative Stress Markers, Irisin Levels, and Body Composition in Women with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020260. [PMID: 36829754 PMCID: PMC9952264 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction and redox imbalance seem to be involved in fibromyalgia (FM) pathogenesis. The results of our previous studies suggest that whole-body vibration training (WBVT) would improve redox status markers, increase blood irisin levels, and ameliorate the body composition of women with FM. (2) Objective: The current study aimed to investigate WBVT on oxidative stress markers, plasma irisin levels, and body composition in women with FM. (3) Methods: Forty women with FM were randomized into WBVT or untrained (UN) groups. Before and after 6 weeks of WBVT, body composition was assessed by dual-energy radiological absorptiometry (DXA), and inflammatory marker activities were measured by enzymatic assay. (4) Results: Body composition, blood irisin levels, and oxidative stress markers were similar between UN and WBVT groups before the intervention. After 6 weeks of intervention, the WBVT group presented higher irisin levels (WBVT: 316.98 ± 109.24 mg·dL³, WBVT: 477.61 ± 267.92 mg·dL³, p = 0.01) and lower TBARS levels (UN: 0.39 ± 0.02 nmol MDA/mg protein, WBVT: 0.24 ± 0.06 nmol MDA/mg protein, p = 0.001) and visceral adipose tissue mass (UN: 1.37 ± 0.49 kg, WBVT: 0.69 ± 0.54 kg, p = 0.001) compared to the UN group. (5) Conclusions: Six weeks of WBVT improves blood redox status markers, increases irisin levels, and reduces visceral adipose tissue mass, favoring less cell damage and more outstanding oxidative balance in women with FM.
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Hayes N, Fogarty M, Sadofsky L, Jones HS. Physiologically-obtainable polyphenol exposures modulate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species signaling in the C2C12 model of skeletal muscle ageing. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 941:175511. [PMID: 36646202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Age-related frailty is a significant health and social care burden, with limited treatment options. There is a lack of suitable cell culture model for screening large numbers of test compounds to identify those which promote healthy skeletal muscle function. This paper describes the characterization of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) signalling changes in young and aged myoblasts and myotubes using C2C12 cells, and the application of aged cultures to assess the effect of dietary polyphenols on RONS signalling. Aged myoblasts and myotubes showed significantly increased reactive oxygen species (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 respectively), nitric oxide (p < 0.05 for myoblasts and myotubes), and lipid peroxidation (p < 0.05 for myoblasts and myotubes). Nine polyphenols were assessed in aged myoblasts and myotubes using concentrations and incubation times consistent with known pharmacokinetic parameters for these compounds. Although several polyphenols were seen to reduce single markers of RONS signalling, only kaempferol and resveratrol significantly reduced multiple markers in both cell models. Modulation of enzymatic antioxidant activities was assessed as a possible mechanism of action, although superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were significantly reduced in aged (versus young) myotubes (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 respectively), no effect of polyphenol treatment on these enzyme activities were observed. Overall, this research has shown the utility of the C2C12 model (myoblasts and myotubes) for screening compounds in aged muscle, and that resveratrol and kaempferol (using pharmacokinetically-informed exposures) can modulate RONS signalling in skeletal muscle cells after an acute exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Hayes
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | | | - Laura Sadofsky
- Centre for Atherothrombotic and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Huw Simon Jones
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK.
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Zhou K, Liu M, Wang Y, Liu H, Manor B, Bao D, Zhang L, Zhou J. Effects of molecular hydrogen supplementation on fatigue and aerobic capacity in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1094767. [PMID: 36819697 PMCID: PMC9934906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1094767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fatigue is oftentimes induced by high-intensity exercise potentially via the exceeded amount of reactive oxygen species, leading to diminished functions (e.g., aerobic capacity) and increased risk of injuries. Studies indicate that molecular hydrogen (H2), with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may be a promising strategy to alleviate fatigue and improve aerobic capacity. However, such effects have not been comprehensively characterized. Objective To systematically assess the effects of in taking H2 on fatigue and aerobic capacity in healthy adults. Methods The search was conducted in August 2022 in five databases. Studies with randomized controlled or crossover designs that investigated the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and endurance performance were selected. The data (mean ± standard deviation and sample size) were extracted from the included studies and were converted into the standardized mean difference (SMD). Random-effects meta-analyses were performed. Subgroup analysis was used to analyze potential sources of heterogeneity due to intervention period, training status, and type of exercise. Results Seventeen publications (19 studies) consisting of 402 participants were included. The pooled effect sizes of H2 on RPE (SMDpooled = -0.38, 95%CI -0.65 to -0.11, p = 0.006, I 2 = 33.6%, p = 0.149) and blood lactate (SMDpooled = -0.42, 95% CI -0.72 to -0.12, p = 0.006, I 2 = 35.6%, p = 0.114) were small yet significant with low heterogeneity. The pooled effect sizes of H2 on VO2max and VO2peak (SMDpooled = 0.09, 95% CI -0.10 to 0.29, p = 0.333, I 2 = 0%, p = 0.998) and endurance performance (SMDpooled = 0.01, 95% CI -0.23 to 0.25, p = 0.946, I 2 = 0%, p > 0.999) were not significant and trivial without heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis revealed that the effects of H2 on fatigue were impacted significantly by the training status (i.e., untrained and trained), period of H2 implementation, and exercise types (i.e., continuous and intermittent exercises). Conclusions This meta-analysis provides moderate evidence that H2 supplementation alleviates fatigue but does not enhance aerobic capacity in healthy adults. Systematic review registration www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022351559.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiang Zhou
- College of Sports and Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyang Liu
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Brad Manor
- Hebrew SeniorLife Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dapeng Bao
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Dapeng Bao ✉
| | - Luyu Zhang
- School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China,Luyu Zhang ✉
| | - Junhong Zhou
- Hebrew SeniorLife Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Miranda ER, Shahtout JL, Funai K. Chicken or Egg? Mitochondrial Phospholipids and Oxidative Stress in Disuse-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:338-351. [PMID: 36301935 PMCID: PMC9986029 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is known to promote cellular damage in multiple cell types. In skeletal muscle, ROS has been implicated in disuse-induced muscle atrophy. However, the molecular origin and mechanism of how disuse promotes ROS and muscle dysfunction remains unclear. Recent Advances: Recently, we implicated membrane lipids of mitochondria to be a potential source of ROS to promote muscle atrophy. Critical Issues: In this review, we discuss evidence that changes in mitochondrial lipids represent a physiologically relevant process by which disuse promotes mitochondrial electron leak and oxidative stress. Future Directions: We further discuss lipid hydroperoxides as a potential downstream mediator of ROS to induce muscle atrophy. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 338-351.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin R. Miranda
- Diabetes & Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Justin L. Shahtout
- Diabetes & Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Funai
- Diabetes & Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Proskurnina E, Martynov D, Yakushkin A, Zelenkova I. Non-enzymatic antioxidant blood plasma profile in the period of high training loads in elite speed skaters at the altituda. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
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Chang X, Liu R, Li R, Peng Y, Zhu P, Zhou H. Molecular Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:426-448. [PMID: 36632466 PMCID: PMC9830521 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.76223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is a special type of coronary heart disease or an advanced stage of the disease, which is related to the pathological mechanism of primary dilated cardiomyopathy. Ischemic cardiomyopathy mainly occurs in the long-term myocardial ischemia, resulting in diffuse myocardial fibrosis. This in turn affects the cardiac ejection function, resulting in a significant impact on myocardial systolic and diastolic function, resulting in a decrease in the cardiac ejection fraction. The pathogenesis of ICM is closely related to coronary heart disease. Mainly due to coronary atherosclerosis caused by coronary stenosis or vascular occlusion, causing vascular inflammatory lesions and thrombosis. As the disease progresses, it leads to long-term myocardial ischemia and eventually ICM. The pathological mechanism is mainly related to the mechanisms of inflammation, myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and vascular remodeling. Mitochondria are organelles with a double-membrane structure, so the composition of the mitochondrial outer compartment is basically similar to that of the cytoplasm. When ischemia-reperfusion induces a large influx of calcium into the cell, the concentration of calcium ions in the mitochondrial outer compartment also increases. The subsequent opening of the membrane permeability transition pore in the inner mitochondrial membrane and the resulting calcium overload induces the homeostasis of cardiomyocytes and activates the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Mitochondrial Quality Control (MQC), as an important mechanism for regulating mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes, affects the morphological structure/function and lifespan of mitochondria. In this review, we discuss the role of MQC (including mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial biosynthesis) in the pathogenesis of ICM and provide important evidence for targeting MQC for ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chang
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruxiu Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hao Zhou, Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; E-mail: . Pingjun Zhu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; . Ruxiu Liu, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; E-mail:
| | - Ruibing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Medical Centre, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Youyou Peng
- Montverde Future Academy Shanghai, 88 Jianhao Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingjun Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hao Zhou, Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; E-mail: . Pingjun Zhu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; . Ruxiu Liu, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; E-mail:
| | - Hao Zhou
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hao Zhou, Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; E-mail: . Pingjun Zhu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; . Ruxiu Liu, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; E-mail:
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Powers SK, Goldstein E, Schrager M, Ji LL. Exercise Training and Skeletal Muscle Antioxidant Enzymes: An Update. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010039. [PMID: 36670901 PMCID: PMC9854578 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The pivotal observation that muscular exercise is associated with oxidative stress in humans was first reported over 45 years ago. Soon after this landmark finding, it was discovered that contracting skeletal muscles produce oxygen radicals and other reactive species capable of oxidizing cellular biomolecules. Importantly, the failure to eliminate these oxidant molecules during exercise results in oxidation of cellular proteins and lipids. Fortuitously, muscle fibers and other cells contain endogenous antioxidant enzymes capable of eliminating oxidants. Moreover, it is now established that several modes of exercise training (e.g., resistance exercise and endurance exercise) increase the expression of numerous antioxidant enzymes that protect myocytes against exercise-induced oxidative damage. This review concisely summarizes the impact of endurance, high-intensity interval, and resistance exercise training on the activities of enzymatic antioxidants within skeletal muscles in humans and other mammals. We also discuss the evidence that exercise-induced up-regulation of cellular antioxidants reduces contraction-induced oxidative damage in skeletal muscles and has the potential to delay muscle fatigue and improve exercise performance. Finally, in hopes of stimulating further research, we also discuss gaps in our knowledge of exercise-induced changes in muscle antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott K. Powers
- Department of Health Sciences, Stetson University, Deland, FL 32723, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Erica Goldstein
- Department of Health Sciences, Stetson University, Deland, FL 32723, USA
| | - Matthew Schrager
- Department of Health Sciences, Stetson University, Deland, FL 32723, USA
| | - Li Li Ji
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55455, USA
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de Sousa Fernandes MS, Aidar FJ, da Silva Pedroza AA, de Andrade Silva SC, Santos GCJ, dos Santos Henrique R, Clemente FM, Silva AF, de Souza RF, Ferreira DJ, Badicu G, Lagranha C, Nobari H. Effects of aerobic exercise training in oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis markers on prefrontal cortex in obese mice. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:213. [PMID: 36527152 PMCID: PMC9758933 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00607-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the effects of 8 weeks of Aerobic Physical Training (AET) on the mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative balance in the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) of leptin deficiency-induced obese mice (ob/ob mice). METHODS Then, the mice were submitted to an 8-week protocol of aerobic physical training (AET) at moderate intensity (60% of the maximum running speed). In the oxidative stress, we analyzed Malonaldehyde (MDA) and Carbonyls, the enzymatic activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione S Transferase (GST), non-enzymatic antioxidant system: reduced glutathione (GSH), and Total thiols. Additionally, we evaluated the gene expression of PGC-1α SIRT-1, and ATP5A related to mitochondrial biogenesis and function. RESULTS In our study, we did not observe a significant difference in MDA (p = 0.2855), Carbonyl's (p = 0.2246), SOD (p = 0.1595), and CAT (p = 0.6882) activity. However, the activity of GST (p = 0.04), the levels of GSH (p = 0.001), and Thiols (p = 0.02) were increased after 8 weeks of AET. Additionally, there were high levels of PGC-1α (p = 0.01), SIRT-1 (p = 0.009), and ATP5A (p = 0.01) gene expression after AET in comparison with the sedentary group. CONCLUSIONS AET for eight weeks can improve antioxidant defense and increase the expression of PGC-1α, SIRT-1, and ATP5A in PFC of ob/ob mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Felipe J. Aidar
- grid.411252.10000 0001 2285 6801Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão, Sergipe Brazil
| | - Anderson Apolônio da Silva Pedroza
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE Brazil
| | - Severina Cássia de Andrade Silva
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE Brazil
| | | | - Rafael dos Santos Henrique
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- grid.27883.360000 0000 8824 6371Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal ,grid.421174.50000 0004 0393 4941Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal ,Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- grid.27883.360000 0000 8824 6371Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal ,Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Raphael Fabrício de Souza
- grid.411252.10000 0001 2285 6801Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão, Sergipe Brazil
| | - Diorginis José Ferreira
- grid.412386.a0000 0004 0643 9364Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Georgian Badicu
- grid.5120.60000 0001 2159 8361Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania
| | - Claudia Lagranha
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil ,grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE Brazil
| | - Hadi Nobari
- grid.5120.60000 0001 2159 8361Department of Motor Performance, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Braşov, 500068 Brasov, Romania ,grid.413026.20000 0004 1762 5445Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367 Iran ,grid.8393.10000000119412521Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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Fernandes MS, Pedroza AA, de Andrade Silva SC, de Lemos MDT, Bernardo EM, Pereira AR, Dos Santos TM, Lagranha C. Undernutrition during development modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress genes in the hippocampus of juvenile rats: Involvement of oxidative stress. Brain Res 2022; 1797:148098. [PMID: 36162496 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate whether exercise training mitigates the deleterious effects of undernutrition during the developmental period in juvenile Wistar rats. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed with a diet containing 17 % or 8 % casein during pregnancy and lactation. At 30 days of life, male offspring were divided into 4 groups: Low-Protein non-trained (LS), Low-Protein Trained (LT), Normoprotein non-trained (NS), and Normoprotein Trained (NT). Trained rats performed aerobic exercise training (AET) for 4 weeks, 5 days a week, 1 h a day. 24 h from the last day of training, the animals were sacrificed. The tissues were removed to analyze indicators of mitochondrial metabolism, oxidative stress, and gene expression of GRP78, PERK, ATF6 ER stress markers, and BDNF. The results showed that undernutrition during development promotes deleterious effects on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and induces reticulum stress in the hippocampus of juvenile rats. On the other hand, AET improves mitochondrial function and increases enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity, as well as declines ER stress. AET at moderate intensity for 4 weeks in male juvenile Wistar rats acts as a lifestyle intervention opposing the negative effects induced by a protein-restricted maternal diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Santos Fernandes
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry / CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil; Physical Education and Sport Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Anderson Apolônio Pedroza
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry / CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Severina Cássia de Andrade Silva
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry / CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Maria Daniele Teixeira de Lemos
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry / CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Elenilson M Bernardo
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry / CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Allifer R Pereira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry / CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Tony Meireles Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Physical Education and Sport Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Claudia Lagranha
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry / CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil.
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Magaña JC, Deus CM, Giné-Garriga M, Montané J, Pereira SP. Exercise-Boosted Mitochondrial Remodeling in Parkinson's Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123228. [PMID: 36551984 PMCID: PMC9775656 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons resulting in dopamine deficiency in the striatum. Given the estimated escalation in the number of people with PD in the coming decades, interventions aimed at minimizing morbidity and improving quality of life are crucial. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are intrinsic factors related to PD pathogenesis. Accumulating evidence suggests that patients with PD might benefit from various forms of exercise in diverse ways, from general health improvements to disease-specific effects and, potentially, disease-modifying effects. However, the signaling and mechanism connecting skeletal muscle-increased activity and brain remodeling are poorly elucidated. In this review, we describe skeletal muscle-brain crosstalk in PD, with a special focus on mitochondrial effects, proposing mitochondrial dysfunction as a linker in the muscle-brain axis in this neurodegenerative disease and as a promising therapeutic target. Moreover, we outline how exercise secretome can improve mitochondrial health and impact the nervous system to slow down PD progression. Understanding the regulation of the mitochondrial function by exercise in PD may be beneficial in defining interventions to delay the onset of this neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Magaña
- Blanquerna Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Ramon Llull University, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cláudia M. Deus
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.M.D.); (J.M.)
| | - Maria Giné-Garriga
- Blanquerna Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Ramon Llull University, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna Faculty of Health Sciences, Ramon Llull University, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joel Montané
- Blanquerna Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Ramon Llull University, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna Faculty of Health Sciences, Ramon Llull University, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.M.D.); (J.M.)
| | - Susana P. Pereira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal
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Wang Y, Chen M, Gao Y, He K, Yang Z, Li Y, Zhang S, Zhao L. Effect of one-time high load exercise on skeletal muscle injury in rats of different genders: oxidative stress and mitochondrial responses. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370805. [PMID: 36515323 DOI: 10.1590/acb370805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of one-time high load exercise on skeletal muscle injury and analysis its mechanism in different genders. METHODS Twenty-four male and 24 female rats were divided randomly into four groups respectively: control, 0 h, 6 h, and 24 h after exercise. The activities of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and myohemoglobin (MYO) in serum, the expression level of oxidative stress markers, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex enzyme, and the apoptosis related protein in quadriceps were detected. RESULTS The results showed that the activities of CK, LDH and MYO in serum increased immediately after exercise and restored faster in female rats. More obvious structural disorder and apoptosis in male rats were showed. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased while catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were decreased in male rats. SOD, CAT and GSH were increased in female rats. Mitochondrial complex enzyme activity was decreased in males and increased in females. CONCLUSIONS The skeletal muscle injury in both genders of rat could be induced by one-time high load exercise due to the mitochondrial respiratory enzyme dysfunction and oxidative stress, which was relatively mild and recovered quicker in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Master. Jilin University - School of Nursing - Department of Rehabilitation - Professional Master's Program - Changchun, China
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Master. Jilin University - School of Nursing - Department of Rehabilitation - Professional Master's Program - Changchun, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Master. Jilin University - School of Nursing - Department of Rehabilitation - Professional Master's Program - Changchun, China
| | - Kang He
- Master. Jilin University - School of Nursing - Department of Rehabilitation - Professional Master's Program - Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoyun Yang
- Bachelor. Jilin University - School of Nursing - Department of Rehabilitation - Professional Bachelor's Program - Changchun, China
| | - Yuewei Li
- PhD, Associate Professor. Jilin University - School of Nursing - Department of Rehabilitation - Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- PhD, Associate Professor. Jilin University - School of Nursing - Department of Rehabilitation - Changchun, China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- PhD, Associate Professor. Jilin University - School of Nursing - Department of Rehabilitation - Changchun, China
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Arefirad T, Seif E, Sepidarkish M, Mohammadian Khonsari N, Mousavifar SA, Yazdani S, Rahimi F, Einollahi F, Heshmati J, Qorbani M. Effect of exercise training on nitric oxide and nitrate/nitrite (NOx) production: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:953912. [PMID: 36267589 PMCID: PMC9576949 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.953912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Exercise and physical activity can improve circulation through various mechanisms, such as the increment of nitric oxide (NO) production, by affecting vascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although, theoretically, this mechanism is well known, studies in living subjects have made controversial findings regarding the association of NO production and its metabolites [nitrate/nitrite (NOx)] with physical activity. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to gather all these studies and evaluate the effects of exercise training, and physical activity duration and length on the mean change of serum/plasma NO and NOx. Method: We searched all available bibliographic electronic databases from inception through to May 2022 to include all randomized controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-experimental trials which assessed the effect of exercise and training on NO and NOx levels. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of included RCT studies which assessed the effect of training. Stratified meta-analysis was performed according to the type of exercise (high-intensity interval training (HIIT), aerobic training (AT), the duration of exercise (≤8 and > 8 weeks), and length of exercise in each session ≥40 and 40 < minutes). Results: Overall, 15 and 10 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. According to the random-effects meta-analysis, exercise significantly increased the mean change of NO and NOx compared to control (SMD: 1.82, 95%CI: 1.14 to 2.49. In the stratified meta-analysis, the mean change of NO and NOx in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the control group in the AT (SMD: 1.36, 95%CI: 0.55–2.18), HIIT (SMD: 2.55, 95%CI: 1.14–3.96), duration of ≤8 (SMD: 2.29, 95%CI: 1.24–3.35) and > 8 weeks (SMD: 1.19, 95%CI: 0.52–1.86), length of ≥40 (SMD: 1.61, 95%CI: 1.04–2.18), and 40 < minutes in each session (SMD: 2.07, 95%CI: 0.79–3.35). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that, regardless of exercise duration, length, and type (AT or HIIT), exercise can significantly increase serum NO and NOx levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Arefirad
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Seif
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahdi Sepidarkish
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Seyedeh Azam Mousavifar
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahrooz Yazdani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Rajaei Educational & Medical Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahimi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Rajaei Educational & Medical Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Faezeh Einollahi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Rajaei Educational & Medical Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- *Correspondence: Javad Heshmati, ; Mostafa Qorbani,
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Javad Heshmati, ; Mostafa Qorbani,
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Cho SY, Chung YS, Yoon HK, Roh HT. Impact of Exercise Intensity on Systemic Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Responses, and Sirtuin Levels in Healthy Male Volunteers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811292. [PMID: 36141561 PMCID: PMC9516970 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Exercise can induce anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, for which regulation of sirtuins (SIRTs) may be a major consideration for exercise prescription. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute aerobic exercise, in particular its intensity, on systemic oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and SIRT levels. Twenty healthy, untrained males were recruited and randomly assigned to moderate-intensity (MI, 65% VO2max, n = 10) and high-intensity (HI, 85% VO2max, n = 10) exercise. Blood samples were obtained pre-, immediately post-, and 1 h post-exercise for measurements of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dis-mutase (SOD), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, SIRT-1, SIRT-2, and SIRT-3. Overall, MDA, SOD, IL-6, SIRT-1, and SIRT-3 levels were significantly increased at post-exercise compared with pre-exercise regardless of exercise intensity (p < 0.05). The HI group had significantly higher MDA, SOD, and IL-6 levels than the MI group at post-exercise (p < 0.05), whereas no significant differences were observed in the IL-1β, TNF-α, and SIRT-2 levels (p > 0.05). Altogether, these findings suggest that exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses may be dependent on exercise intensity. Moreover, activation of inflammatory cytokines and SIRT family members may be dependent on the intensity of the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Youn Cho
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Young-Soo Chung
- Department of Sports and Leisure Studies, School of Arts and Health, Myongji College, Seoul 03656, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Ki Yoon
- School of Sports, College of Humanities, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea
| | - Hee-Tae Roh
- Department of Sports Science, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221 beongil, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si 31460, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-530-2293
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De Marchi T, Ferlito JV, Ferlito MV, Salvador M, Leal-Junior ECP. Can Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) Minimize Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091671. [PMID: 36139746 PMCID: PMC9495825 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced by exercise has been a research field in constant growth, due to its relationship with the processes of fatigue, decreased production of muscle strength, and its ability to cause damage to the cell. In this context, photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has emerged as a resource capable of improving performance, while reducing muscle fatigue and muscle damage. To analyze the effects of PBMT about exercise-induced oxidative stress and compare with placebo therapy. Data Sources: Databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, PeDro, and Virtual Health Library, which include Lilacs, Medline, and SciELO, were searched to find published studies. Study Selection: There was no year or language restriction; randomized clinical trials with healthy subjects that compared the application (before or after exercise) of PBMT to placebo therapy were included. Study Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Level of Evidence: 1. Data Extraction: Data on the characteristics of the volunteers, study design, intervention parameters, exercise protocol and oxidative stress biomarkers were extracted. The risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence were assessed using the PEDro scale and the GRADE system, respectively. Results: Eight studies (n = 140 participants) were eligible for this review, with moderate to excellent methodological quality. In particular, PBMT was able to reduce damage to lipids post exercise (SMD = −0.72, CI 95% −1.42 to −0.02, I2 = 77%, p = 0.04) and proteins (SMD = −0.41, CI 95% −0.65 to −0.16, I2 = 0%, p = 0.001) until 72 h and 96 h, respectively. In addition, it increased the activity of SOD enzymes (SMD = 0.54, CI 95% 0.07 to 1.02, I2 = 42%, p = 0.02) post exercise, 48 and 96 h after irradiation. However, PBMT did not increase CAT activity (MD = 0.18 CI 95% −0.56 to 0.91, I2 = 79%, p = 0.64) post exercise. We did not find any difference in TAC or GPx biomarkers. Conclusion: Low to moderate certainty evidence shows that PBMT is a resource that can reduce oxidative damage and increase enzymatic antioxidant activity post exercise. We found evidence to support that one session of PBMT can modulate the redox metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago De Marchi
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 03155-000, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - João Vitor Ferlito
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Laboratory, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius Ferlito
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Laboratory, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Laboratory, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Cesar Pinto Leal-Junior
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 03155-000, Brazil
- ELJ Consultancy, Scientific Consultants, São Paulo 01153-000, Brazil
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Lefferts WK, Davis MM, Valentine RJ. Exercise as an Aging Mimetic: A New Perspective on the Mechanisms Behind Exercise as Preventive Medicine Against Age-Related Chronic Disease. Front Physiol 2022; 13:866792. [PMID: 36045751 PMCID: PMC9420936 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.866792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related chronic diseases are among the most common causes of mortality and account for a majority of global disease burden. Preventative lifestyle behaviors, such as regular exercise, play a critical role in attenuating chronic disease burden. However, the exact mechanism behind exercise as a form of preventative medicine remains poorly defined. Interestingly, many of the physiological responses to exercise are comparable to aging. This paper explores an overarching hypothesis that exercise protects against aging/age-related chronic disease because the physiological stress of exercise mimics aging. Acute exercise transiently disrupts cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and brain function and triggers a substantial inflammatory response in a manner that mimics aging/age-related chronic disease. Data indicate that select acute exercise responses may be similar in magnitude to changes seen with +10–50 years of aging. The initial insult of the age-mimicking effects of exercise induces beneficial adaptations that serve to attenuate disruption to successive “aging” stimuli (i.e., exercise). Ultimately, these exercise-induced adaptations reduce the subsequent physiological stress incurred from aging and protect against age-related chronic disease. To further examine this hypothesis, future work should more intricately describe the physiological signature of different types/intensities of acute exercise in order to better predict the subsequent adaptation and chronic disease prevention with exercise training in healthy and at-risk populations.
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Monocyte Phenotypes and Physical Activity in Patients with Carotid Atherosclerosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081529. [PMID: 36009247 PMCID: PMC9404804 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is associated with low-grade inflammation involving circulating monocytes. It has been shown that the levels of intermediate pro-inflammatory monocytes are associated with cardiovascular mortality and risk of ischemic stroke. It also has been shown that physical activity (PA) decreases inflammation markers, incidence of strokes, and mortality. In this cross-sectional study, we tested the effect of PA on circulating monocytes phenotype rate. A total of 29 patients with a carotid stenosis > 50% were recruited. Levels of physical activity (MET.min/week) were measured by the GPAQ questionnaire, arterial samples of blood were collected to analyze monocyte phenotype (classical, intermediate and non-classical) assessed by flow cytometry, and venous blood samples were used to dose antioxidant activity and oxidative damage. Antioxidant capacity was reduced and oxidative damage increased in patients. There was a significant decrease in the percentage of classical and intermediate monocytes in moderately active patients as compared with non-active and highly active patients. Inversely, the rate of non-classical monocytes increased in moderately active patients. Intense PA appears to blunt the beneficial effects of moderate PA. Our study also suggests that PA could be beneficial in such patients by reducing the rate of intermediate monocytes known to predict the risk of ischemic stroke and by increasing the non-classical monocytes involved in lesions’ healing. Nevertheless, a longitudinal study would be necessary to confirm this hypothesis.
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