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Izat N, Bolleddula J, Abbasi A, Cheruzel L, Jones RS, Moss D, Ortega-Muro F, Parmentier Y, Peterkin VC, Tian DD, Venkatakrishnan K, Zientek MA, Barber J, Houston JB, Galetin A, Scotcher D. Challenges and Opportunities for In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation of Aldehyde Oxidase-Mediated Clearance: Toward a Roadmap for Quantitative Translation. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1591-1606. [PMID: 37751998 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Underestimation of aldehyde oxidase (AO)-mediated clearance by current in vitro assays leads to uncertainty in human dose projections, thereby reducing the likelihood of success in drug development. In the present study we first evaluated the current drug development practices for AO substrates. Next, the overall predictive performance of in vitro-in vivo extrapolation of unbound hepatic intrinsic clearance (CLint,u) and unbound hepatic intrinsic clearance by AO (CLint,u,AO) was assessed using a comprehensive literature database of in vitro (human cytosol/S9/hepatocytes) and in vivo (intravenous/oral) data collated for 22 AO substrates (total of 100 datapoints from multiple studies). Correction for unbound fraction in the incubation was done by experimental data or in silico predictions. The fraction metabolized by AO (fmAO) determined via in vitro/in vivo approaches was found to be highly variable. The geometric mean fold errors (gmfe) for scaled CLint,u (mL/min/kg) were 10.4 for human hepatocytes, 5.6 for human liver cytosols, and 5.0 for human liver S9, respectively. Application of these gmfe's as empirical scaling factors improved predictions (45%-57% within twofold of observed) compared with no correction (11%-27% within twofold), with the scaling factors qualified by leave-one-out cross-validation. A road map for quantitative translation was then proposed following a critical evaluation on the in vitro and clinical methodology to estimate in vivo fmAO In conclusion, the study provides the most robust system-specific empirical scaling factors to date as a pragmatic approach for the prediction of in vivo CLint,u,AO in the early stages of drug development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Confidence remains low when predicting in vivo clearance of AO substrates using in vitro systems, leading to de-prioritization of AO substrates from the drug development pipeline to mitigate risk of unexpected and costly in vivo impact. The current study establishes a set of empirical scaling factors as a pragmatic tool to improve predictability of in vivo AO clearance. Developing clinical pharmacology strategies for AO substrates by utilizing mass balance/clinical drug-drug interaction data will help build confidence in fmAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihan Izat
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Jayaprakasam Bolleddula
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Armina Abbasi
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Lionel Cheruzel
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Robert S Jones
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Darren Moss
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Fatima Ortega-Muro
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Yannick Parmentier
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Vincent C Peterkin
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Karthik Venkatakrishnan
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Michael A Zientek
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Jill Barber
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - J Brian Houston
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Aleksandra Galetin
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Daniel Scotcher
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
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Miyake T, Tsutsui H, Hirabayashi M, Tachibana T. Quantitative Prediction of OATP-Mediated Disposition and Biliary Clearance Using Human Liver Chimeric Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 387:135-149. [PMID: 37142442 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug biliary clearance (CLbile) in vivo is among the most difficult pharmacokinetic parameters to predict accurately and quantitatively because biliary excretion is influenced by metabolic enzymes, transporters, and passive diffusion across hepatocyte membranes. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the use of Hu-FRG mice [Fah-/-/Rag2-/-/Il2rg-/- (FRG) mice transplanted with human-derived hepatocytes] to quantitatively predict human organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)-mediated drug disposition and CLbile To predict OATP-mediated disposition, six OATP substrates (atorvastatin, fexofenadine, glibenclamide, pitavastatin, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin) were administered intravenously to Hu-FRG and Mu-FRG mice (FRG mice transplanted with mouse hepatocytes) with or without rifampicin as an OATP inhibitor. We calculated the hepatic intrinsic clearance (CLh,int) and the change of hepatic clearance (CLh) caused by rifampicin (CLh ratio). We compared the CLh,int of humans with that of Hu-FRG mice and the CLh ratio of humans with that of Hu-FRG and Mu-FRG mice. For predicting CLbile, 20 compounds (two cassette doses of 10 compounds) were administered intravenously to gallbladder-cannulated Hu-FRG and Mu-FRG mice. We evaluated the CLbile and investigated the correlation of human CLbile with that of Hu-FRG and Mu-FRG mice. We found good correlations between humans and Hu-FRG mice in CLh,int (100% within threefold) and CLh ratio (R2 = 0.94). Moreover, we observed a much better relationship between humans and Hu-FRG mice in CLbile (75% within threefold). Our results suggest that OATP-mediated disposition and CLbile can be predicted using Hu-FRG mice, making them a useful in vivo drug discovery tool for quantitatively predicting human liver disposition. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: OATP-mediated disposition and biliary clearance of drugs are likely quantitatively predictable using Hu-FRG mice. The findings can enable the selection of better drug candidates and the development of more effective strategies for managing OATP-mediated DDIs in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Miyake
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Translational Research Division (T.M., T.T.) and Discovery Biologics Department, Research Division (H.T.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Gotemba, Japan and Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science Inc., Shizuoka, Gotemba, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Haruka Tsutsui
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Translational Research Division (T.M., T.T.) and Discovery Biologics Department, Research Division (H.T.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Gotemba, Japan and Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science Inc., Shizuoka, Gotemba, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Manabu Hirabayashi
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Translational Research Division (T.M., T.T.) and Discovery Biologics Department, Research Division (H.T.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Gotemba, Japan and Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science Inc., Shizuoka, Gotemba, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Tatsuhiko Tachibana
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Translational Research Division (T.M., T.T.) and Discovery Biologics Department, Research Division (H.T.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Gotemba, Japan and Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science Inc., Shizuoka, Gotemba, Japan (M.H.)
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Kurosawa K, Nakano M, Yokoseki I, Nagaoka M, Takemoto S, Sakai Y, Kobayashi K, Kazuki Y, Fukami T, Nakajima M. ncBAF enhances PXR-mediated transcriptional activation in the human and mouse liver. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115733. [PMID: 37543347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is one of the key regulators of drug metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and lipid synthesis in the human liver. Activation of PXR by drugs such as rifampicin, simvastatin, and efavirenz causes adverse reactions such as drug-drug interaction, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. The inhibition of PXR activation has merit in preventing such adverse events. Here, we demonstrated that bromodomain containing protein 9 (BRD9), a component of non-canonical brahma-related gene 1-associated factor (ncBAF), one of the chromatin remodelers, interacts with PXR. Rifampicin-mediated induction of CYP3A4 expression was attenuated by iBRD9, an inhibitor of BRD9, in human primary hepatocytes and CYP3A/PXR-humanized mice, indicating that BRD9 enhances the transcriptional activation of PXR in vitro and in vivo. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay reveled that iBRD9 treatment resulted in attenuation of the rifampicin-mediated binding of PXR to the CYP3A4 promoter region, suggesting that ncBAF functions to facilitate the binding of PXR to its response elements. Efavirenz-induced hepatic lipid accumulation was attenuated by iBRD9 in C57BL/6J mice, suggesting that the inhibition of BRD9 would be useful to reduce the risk of efavirenz-induced hepatic steatosis. Collectively, we found that inhibitors of BRD9, a component of ncBAF that plays a role in assisting transactivation by PXR, would be useful to reduce the risk of PXR-mediated adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiamu Kurosawa
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masataka Nakano
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Itsuki Yokoseki
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Mai Nagaoka
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Seiya Takemoto
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sakai
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuki
- Department of Chromosome Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan; Chromosome Engineering Research Center (CERC), Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Fukami
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Miki Nakajima
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
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Zerdoug A, Le Vée M, Uehara S, Jamin A, Higuchi Y, Yoneda N, Lopez B, Chesné C, Suemizu H, Fardel O. Drug transporter expression and activity in cryopreserved human hepatocytes isolated from chimeric TK-NOG mice with humanized livers. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 90:105592. [PMID: 37030647 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric mice with humanized liver are thought to represent a sustainable source of isolated human hepatocytes for in vitro studying detoxification of drugs in humans. Because drug transporters are now recognized as key-actors of the hepatic detoxifying process, the present study was designed to characterize mRNA expression and activity of main hepatic drug transporters in cryopreserved human hepatocytes isolated from chimeric TK-NOG mice and termed HepaSH cells. Such cells after thawing were shown to exhibit a profile of hepatic solute carrier (SLC) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporter mRNA levels well correlated to those found in cryopreserved primary human hepatocytes or human livers. HepaSH cells used either as suspensions or as 24 h-cultures additionally displayed notable activities of uptake SLCs, including organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs), organic anion transporter 2 (OAT2) or sodium-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP). SLC transporter mRNA expression, as well as SLC activities, nevertheless fell in HepaSH cells cultured for 120 h, which may reflect a partial dedifferentiation of these cells with time in culture in the conventional monolayer culture conditions used in the study. These data therefore support the use of cryopreserved HepaSH cells as either suspensions or short-term cultures for drug transport studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zerdoug
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France; Biopredic International, F-35760 Saint Grégoire, France
| | - Marc Le Vée
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Shotaro Uehara
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 210-0821 Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Agnès Jamin
- Biopredic International, F-35760 Saint Grégoire, France
| | - Yuichiro Higuchi
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 210-0821 Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Nao Yoneda
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 210-0821 Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 210-0821 Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Olivier Fardel
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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Horiuchi S, Kuroda Y, Komizu Y, Ishida S. Consideration of Commercially Available Hepatocytes as Cell Sources for Liver-Microphysiological Systems by Comparing Liver Characteristics. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010055. [PMID: 36678684 PMCID: PMC9867117 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microphysiological systems (MPS) have been developed to shorten the test period and reduce animal experiments for drug development. We examined cell sources for the liver-MPS, i.e., MPS mimicking liver function. For liver-MPS, liver-like cells with high liver functions are required. Cryo-preserved hepatocytes (cryoheps), the gold standard hepatocytes for in vitro drug development, present several disadvantages, including differences between lots due to individual donor variations or a limited cell supply from the same donor. As such, alternatives for cryoheps are sought. Hepatocyte-like cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-Heps), hepatocytes derived from liver-humanized mice (PXB-cells), and human liver cancer cells (HepG2 cells) were examined as source candidates for liver-MPS. Gene expression levels of the major cytochrome P450 of hiPSC-Heps, PXB cells, and HepG2 cells were compared with 22 lots of cryoheps, and the activities of hiPSC-Heps were compared with 8 lots of cryopreserved hepatocytes. A focused DNA microarray was used for the global gene analysis of the liver-like characteristics of hiPSC-Heps, PXB-cells, cryoheps, and HepG2 cells. Gene expression data from the focused microarray were analyzed by principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering, and enrichment analysis. The results indicated the characteristics of individual hepatocyte cell source and raised their consideration points as an alternative cell source candidate for liver-MPS. The study contributes to the repetitive utilization of a robust in vitro hepatic assay system over long periods with stable functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Horiuchi
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yukie Kuroda
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yuji Komizu
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Sojo University, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Seiichi Ishida
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Sojo University, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-96-326-3696
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6
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Sato K, Sanoh S, Ishida Y, Tateno C, Ohta S, Kotake Y. Assessment of metabolic activation of felbamate in chimeric mice with humanized liver in combination with in vitro metabolic assays. J Toxicol Sci 2022; 47:277-288. [PMID: 35786679 DOI: 10.2131/jts.47.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Felbamate (FBM) is an antiepileptic drug that has minimal toxicity in preclinical toxicological species but has a serious idiosyncratic drug toxicity (IDT) in humans. The formation of reactive metabolites is common among most drugs associated with IDT, and 2-phenylpropenal (2-PP) is believed to be the cause of IDT by FBM. It is important to consider the species difference in susceptibility to IDT between experimental animals and humans. In the present study, we used an in vitro and in vivo model system to reveal species difference in IDT of FBM. Human cytochrome P450 (CYP) and carboxylesterase (CES) expressing microsomes were used to clarify the isozymes involved in the metabolism of FBM. The remaining amount of FBM was significantly reduced in incubation with microsomes expressing human CYP2C8, 2C9, 2E1, and CES1c isozymes. Chimeric mice with humanized liver are expected to predict IDT in humans. Therefore, metabolite profiles in chimeric mice with humanized liver were investigated after administration of FBM. Metabolites after glutathione (GSH) conjugation of 2-phenylpropenal (2-PP), which is the reactive metabolite responsible for FBM-induced IDT, were detected in chimeric mice plasma and liver homogenate. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) visualizes distribution of FBM and endogenous GSH, and GSH levels in human hepatocyte were decreased after administration of FBM. In this study, we identified CYP and CES isozymes involved in the metabolism of FBM and confirmed reactive metabolite formation and subsequent decrease in GSH using humanized animal model. These results would provide useful information for the susceptibility to IDT between experimental animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koya Sato
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University.,Non-Clinical Regulatory Science, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma Inc
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Yuji Ishida
- R&D Dept., PhoenixBio, Co., Ltd.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University
| | - Chise Tateno
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University.,R&D Dept., PhoenixBio, Co., Ltd.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University
| | - Shigeru Ohta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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7
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Zerdoug A, Le Vée M, Uehara S, Lopez B, Chesné C, Suemizu H, Fardel O. Contribution of Humanized Liver Chimeric Mice to the Study of Human Hepatic Drug Transporters: State of the Art and Perspectives. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2022; 47:621-637. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-022-00782-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Luo Y, Lu H, Peng D, Ruan X, Chen YE, Guo Y. Liver-humanized mice: A translational strategy to study metabolic disorders. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:489-506. [PMID: 34661916 PMCID: PMC9126562 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the metabolic core of the whole body. Tools commonly used to study the human liver metabolism include hepatocyte cell lines, primary human hepatocytes, and pluripotent stem cells-derived hepatocytes in vitro, and liver genetically humanized mouse model in vivo. However, none of these systems can mimic the human liver in physiological and pathological states satisfactorily. Liver-humanized mice, which are established by reconstituting mouse liver with human hepatocytes, have emerged as an attractive animal model to study drug metabolism and evaluate the therapeutic effect in "human liver" in vivo because the humanized livers greatly replicate enzymatic features of human hepatocytes. The application of liver-humanized mice in studying metabolic disorders is relatively less common due to the largely uncertain replication of metabolic profiles compared to humans. Here, we summarize the metabolic characteristics and current application of liver-humanized mouse models in metabolic disorders that have been reported in the literature, trying to evaluate the pros and cons of using liver-humanized mice as novel mouse models to study metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Haocheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiangbo Ruan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Center for Advanced Models and Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Address correspondence to: Yanhong Guo, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, Phone: 734-764-1405, . Or Y. Eugene Chen, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Phone: 734-936-9548,
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Address correspondence to: Yanhong Guo, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, Phone: 734-764-1405, . Or Y. Eugene Chen, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Phone: 734-936-9548,
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9
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Fernandez-Checa JC, Bagnaninchi P, Ye H, Sancho-Bru P, Falcon-Perez JM, Royo F, Garcia-Ruiz C, Konu O, Miranda J, Lunov O, Dejneka A, Elfick A, McDonald A, Sullivan GJ, Aithal GP, Lucena MI, Andrade RJ, Fromenty B, Kranendonk M, Cubero FJ, Nelson LJ. Advanced preclinical models for evaluation of drug-induced liver injury - consensus statement by the European Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network [PRO-EURO-DILI-NET]. J Hepatol 2021; 75:935-959. [PMID: 34171436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of acute liver failure (ALF) and one of the leading indications for liver transplantation in Western societies. Given the wide use of both prescribed and over the counter drugs, DILI has become a major health issue for which there is a pressing need to find novel and effective therapies. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying DILI, our incomplete knowledge of its pathogenesis and inability to predict DILI is largely due to both discordance between human and animal DILI in preclinical drug development and a lack of models that faithfully recapitulate complex pathophysiological features of human DILI. This is exemplified by the hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen (APAP) overdose, a major cause of ALF because of its extensive worldwide use as an analgesic. Despite intensive efforts utilising current animal and in vitro models, the mechanisms involved in the hepatotoxicity of APAP are still not fully understood. In this expert Consensus Statement, which is endorsed by the European Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network, we aim to facilitate and outline clinically impactful discoveries by detailing the requirements for more realistic human-based systems to assess hepatotoxicity and guide future drug safety testing. We present novel insights and discuss major players in APAP pathophysiology, and describe emerging in vitro and in vivo pre-clinical models, as well as advanced imaging and in silico technologies, which may improve prediction of clinical outcomes of DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Fernandez-Checa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States, CA 90033.
| | - Pierre Bagnaninchi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regenerative and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4UU; School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Faraday Building, Colin Maclaurin Road, EH9 3 DW, Scotland, UK
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology & ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- Instituto Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Juan M Falcon-Perez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, 48160, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, 48015, Spain
| | - Felix Royo
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, 48160, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; USC Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States, CA 90033
| | - Ozlen Konu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Joana Miranda
- Research Institute for iMedicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alistair Elfick
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 3DW, UK
| | - Alison McDonald
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 3DW, UK
| | - Gareth J Sullivan
- University of Oslo and the Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Hybrid Technology Hub-Center of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hosptial, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guruprasad P Aithal
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - M Isabel Lucena
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, UICEC SCReN, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Raul J Andrade
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Enfermedades Digestivas, Instituto de Investigación, Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Bernard Fromenty
- INSERM, Univ Rennes, INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Michel Kranendonk
- Center for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology & ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonard J Nelson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regenerative and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, EH16 4UU; School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Faraday Building, Colin Maclaurin Road, EH9 3 DW, Scotland, UK; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering (IB3), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences (EPS), Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH12 2AS, Scotland, UK.
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10
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Yoshida K, Doi Y, Iwazaki N, Yasuhara H, Ikenaga Y, Shimizu H, Nakada T, Watanabe T, Tateno C, Sanoh S, Kotake Y. Prediction of human pharmacokinetics for low-clearance compounds using pharmacokinetic data from chimeric mice with humanized livers. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 15:79-91. [PMID: 34080287 PMCID: PMC8742647 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of low-clearance (CL) compounds that can be slowly metabolized is a major goal in the pharmaceutical industry. However, the pursuit of low intrinsic CL (CLint ) often leads to significant challenges in evaluating the pharmacokinetics of such compounds. Although in vitro-in vivo extrapolation is widely used to predict human CL, its application has been limited for low-CLint compounds because of the low turnover of parent compounds in metabolic stability assays. To address this issue, we focused on chimeric mice with humanized livers (PXB-mice), which have been increasingly reported to accurately predict human CL in recent years. The predictive accuracy for nine low-CLint compounds with no significant turnover in a human hepatocyte assay was investigated using PXB-mouse methods such as single-species allometric scaling (PXB-SSS) approach and a novel physiologically based scaling (PXB-PBS) approach that assumes that the CLint per hepatocyte is equal between humans and PXB-mice. The percentages of compounds with predicted CL within 2- and 3-fold ranges of the observed CL for low-CLint compounds were 89% and 100%, respectively, for both PXB-SSS and PXB-PBS approaches. Moreover, the predicted CL was mostly consistent among the methods. Conversely, percentages of compounds with predicted CL within 2- and 3-fold ranges of the observed CL for low-CLint compounds were 50% and 63%, respectively for multispecies allometric scaling (MA). Overall, these PXB-mouse methods were much more accurate than conventional MA approaches, suggesting that PXB-mice are useful tool for predicting the human CL of low-CLint compounds that are slowly metabolized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yoshida
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan.,Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Doi
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Iwazaki
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yasuhara
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuka Ikenaga
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Shimizu
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nakada
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoko Watanabe
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chise Tateno
- Research and Development Department, PhoenixBio Co., Ltd, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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11
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Abstract
Accurate estimation of in vivo clearance in human is pivotal to determine the dose and dosing regimen for drug development. In vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) has been performed to predict drug clearance using empirical and physiological scalars. Multiple in vitro systems and mathematical modeling techniques have been employed to estimate in vivo clearance. The models for predicting clearance have significantly improved and have evolved to become more complex by integrating multiple processes such as drug metabolism and transport as well as passive diffusion. This chapter covers the use of conventional as well as recently developed methods to predict metabolic and transporter-mediated clearance along with the advantages and disadvantages of using these methods and the associated experimental considerations. The general approaches to improve IVIVE by use of appropriate scalars, incorporation of extrahepatic metabolism and transport and application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models with proteomics data are also discussed. The chapter also provides an overview of the advantages of using such dynamic mechanistic models over static models for clearance predictions to improve IVIVE.
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12
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Huang Y, Miyamoto D, Hidaka M, Adachi T, Gu WL, Eguchi S. Regenerative medicine for the hepatobiliary system: A review. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2020; 28:913-930. [PMID: 33314713 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liver transplantation, the only proven treatment for end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure, is hampered by the scarcity of donors. Regenerative medicine provides an alternative therapeutic approach. Tremendous efforts dedicated to liver regenerative medicine include the delivery of transplantable cells, microtissues, and bioengineered whole livers via tissue engineering and the maintenance of partial liver function via extracorporeal support. This brief review summarizes the current status of regenerative medicine for the hepatobiliary system. For liver regenerative medicine, the focus is on strategies for expansion of transplantable hepatocytes, generation of hepatocyte-like cells, and therapeutic potential of engineered tissues in liver disease models. For biliary regenerative medicine, the discussion concentrates on the methods for generation of cholangiocyte-like cells and strategies in the treatment of biliary disease. Significant advances have been made in large-scale and long-term expansion of liver cells. The development of tissue engineering and stem cell induction technology holds great promise for the future treatment of hepatobiliary diseases. The application of regenerative medicine in liver still lacks extensive animal experiments. Therefore, a large number of preclinical studies are necessary to provide sufficient evidence for their therapeutic effectiveness. Much remains to be done for the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases with regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Daisuke Miyamoto
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hidaka
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Adachi
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Wei-Li Gu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Susumu Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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13
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Miyamoto M, Kosugi Y, Iwasaki S, Chisaki I, Nakagawa S, Amano N, Hirabayashi H. Characterization of plasma protein binding in two mouse models of humanized liver, PXB mouse and humanized TK-NOG mouse. Xenobiotica 2020; 51:51-60. [PMID: 32779988 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1808735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The unbound fractions in plasma (f up) in two mouse models of humanized liver mice, PXB and humanized TK-NOG mice, were compared with human f up values using equilibrium dialysis method. A good relationship between f up values obtained from PXB mice and humans was observed; the f up of 34/39 compounds (87.2%) in PXB mice were within 3-fold of human f up. In contrast, a weak correlation was observed between human and humanized TK-NOG mouse f up values; the f up of 15/24 compounds (62.5%) in humanized TK-NOG mice were within 3-fold of human f up. As different profiles of plasma protein binding (PPB) profiles were observed between PXB and humanized TK-NOG mice, f up evaluation is necessary in each mouse model to utilize these humanized liver mice for pharmacological, drug-drug interaction (DDI), and toxicity studies. The unbound fraction in the mixed plasma of human and SCID mouse plasma (85:15) was well correlated with f up in PXB mice (38/39 compounds within a 3-fold). Thus, this artificial PXB mouse plasma could be used to evaluate PPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Miyamoto
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa city, Japan
| | - Yohei Kosugi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa city, Japan
| | - Shinji Iwasaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa city, Japan
| | - Ikumi Chisaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa city, Japan
| | - Sayaka Nakagawa
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa city, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Amano
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa city, Japan
| | - Hideki Hirabayashi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa city, Japan
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14
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Steeneck C, Kinzel O, Anderhub S, Hornberger M, Pinto S, Morschhaeuser B, Braun F, Kleymann G, Hoffmann T. Discovery of Hydroxyamidine Based Inhibitors of IDO1 for Cancer Immunotherapy with Reduced Potential for Glucuronidation. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:179-187. [PMID: 32071686 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the impressive success of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of cancer, combinations of IDO1 inhibitors with PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies are in clinical development aiming to increase response rates. Using the hydroxyamidine pharmacophore of the IDO1 inhibitor INCB14943 as a starting point for the design of new inhibitors, the potential shortcomings of extensive hydroxyamidine glucuronidation in humans was addressed. Compounds were optimized using a stability assay with recombinant UGT1A9 enzyme together with the measurement of glucuronide formation in human hepatocytes. Optimized analog 24 showed cellular and biochemical IDO1 IC50 values in the low nanomolar range, a suitable in vitro ADME/PK profile, and efficacy in an animal model of cancer. In a humanized liver mouse model the lead compound exhibited significantly reduced glucuronidation compared to epacadostat (2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Steeneck
- Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG, Waldhofer Strasse 104, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Kinzel
- Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG, Waldhofer Strasse 104, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Anderhub
- Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG, Waldhofer Strasse 104, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hornberger
- Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG, Waldhofer Strasse 104, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sheena Pinto
- Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG, Waldhofer Strasse 104, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Floriane Braun
- Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG, Waldhofer Strasse 104, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerald Kleymann
- Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG, Waldhofer Strasse 104, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG, Waldhofer Strasse 104, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Characterization and applications of chimeric mice with humanized livers for preclinical drug development. Lab Anim Res 2020; 36:2. [PMID: 32206609 PMCID: PMC7081693 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-019-0032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have succeeded in stable mass production of chimeric PXB-mice, whose liver is repopulated by human hepatocytes at a ratio of more than 70%, and we are providing these mice to academia and pharmaceutical companies to support the development of new drugs or studies of liver function. Furthermore, we isolated human hepatocytes, called PXB-cells, from the chimeric mice, and provide them for clients weekly for in vitro studies. In this review, we summarize the existing characterizations of PXB-mice and PXB-cells and their present and future applications.
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16
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Methylation of adenosine at the N6 position post-transcriptionally regulates hepatic P450s expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 171:113697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Kamimura H, Uehara S, Suemizu H. A novel Css-MRTpo approach to simulate oral plasma concentration-time profiles of the partial glucokinase activator PF-04937319 and its disproportionate N-demethylated metabolite in humans using chimeric mice with humanized livers. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:761-768. [PMID: 31721621 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1693082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A Css-MRTpo superposition method was devised to predict (retrospectively) oral plasma concentration-time profiles of PF-04937319 and its MIST-related metabolite, M1, in humans using chimeric mice with humanized liver.Original PK data were taken from a published report in which PF-04937319 and M1 were given to chimeric mice orally and/or intravenously. Human CL and Vss were predicted by single-species allometry and MRTiv,pred were calculated as Vss,pred/CL,pred. MRTpo,human were assumed to be MRTiv,pred plus MAT or mean metabolite formation time (MFT). Human Css was calculated by dividing the corrected oral dose by Vss,pred.Chronological sampling time and measured plasma concentrations were corrected by MRTpo,human and Css,human, respectively, and transformed to the corresponding values in humans.The obtained concentration-time profile of PF-04937319 was superimposed well with the observed data after single and repeated oral administration to humans. The transformed plasma concentration of M1 was somewhat lower than the observed value, but a slow increase of the simulated metabolite reflected gradual increase of observed M1 on Day 1. Transformed M1 gave an almost-flat concentration-time profile on Day 14, which was consistent with the curve observed in humans. Application of this novel method to other MIST-related compounds is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Kamimura
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shotaro Uehara
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
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Uehara S, Yoneda N, Higuchi Y, Yamazaki H, Suemizu H. Metabolism of desloratadine by chimeric TK-NOG mice transplanted with human hepatocytes. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:733-740. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1688892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Uehara
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Nao Yoneda
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Japan
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Srinivasan RC, Zabulica M, Hammarstedt C, Wu T, Gramignoli R, Kannisto K, Ellis E, Karadagi A, Fingerhut R, Allegri G, Rüfenacht V, Thöny B, Häberle J, Nuoffer JM, Strom SC. A liver-humanized mouse model of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1-deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:1054-1063. [PMID: 30843237 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A liver-humanized mouse model for CPS1-deficiency was generated by the high-level repopulation of the mouse liver with CPS1-deficient human hepatocytes. When compared with mice that are highly repopulated with CPS1-proficient human hepatocytes, mice that are repopulated with CPS1-deficient human hepatocytes exhibited characteristic symptoms of human CPS1 deficiency including an 80% reduction in CPS1 metabolic activity, delayed clearance of an ammonium chloride infusion, elevated glutamine and glutamate levels, and impaired metabolism of [15 N]ammonium chloride into urea, with no other obvious phenotypic differences. Because most metabolic liver diseases result from mutations that alter critical pathways in hepatocytes, a model that incorporates actual disease-affected, mutant human hepatocytes is useful for the investigation of the molecular, biochemical, and phenotypic differences induced by that mutation. The model is also expected to be useful for investigations of modified RNA, gene, and cellular and small molecule therapies for CPS1-deficiency. Liver-humanized models for this and other monogenic liver diseases afford the ability to assess the therapy on actual disease-affected human hepatocytes, in vivo, for long periods of time and will provide data that are highly relevant for investigations of the safety and efficacy of gene-editing technologies directed to human hepatocytes and the translation of gene-editing technology to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuraman C Srinivasan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mihaela Zabulica
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Hammarstedt
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roberto Gramignoli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Kannisto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ewa Ellis
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ahmad Karadagi
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ralph Fingerhut
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Centre (CRC), University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Newborn Screening Laboratory, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Allegri
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Centre (CRC), University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Véronique Rüfenacht
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Centre (CRC), University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Thöny
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Centre (CRC), University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Newborn Screening Laboratory, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Häberle
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Centre (CRC), University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP) and, Neuroscience Centre Zurich (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Nuoffer
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and University Children's Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephen C Strom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Sawada T, Yamaura Y, Higuchi S, Imawaka H, Yamazaki H. Predicting successful/unsuccessful extrapolation for in vivo total clearance of model compounds with a variety of hepatic intrinsic metabolism and protein bindings in humans from pharmacokinetic data using chimeric mice with humanised liver. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:526-535. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1664791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sawada
- Pharmacokinetic Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamaura
- Pharmacokinetic Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Satonori Higuchi
- Corporate Planning Department, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruo Imawaka
- Pharmacokinetic Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Japan
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21
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Dalvie D, Di L. Aldehyde oxidase and its role as a drug metabolizing enzyme. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 201:137-180. [PMID: 31128989 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde oxidase (AO) is a cytosolic enzyme that belongs to the family of structurally related molybdoflavoproteins like xanthine oxidase (XO). The enzyme is characterized by broad substrate specificity and marked species differences. It catalyzes the oxidation of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and various heteroaromatic rings as well as reduction of several functional groups. The references to AO and its role in metabolism date back to the 1950s, but the importance of this enzyme in the metabolism of drugs has emerged in the past fifteen years. Several reviews on the role of AO in drug metabolism have been published in the past decade indicative of the growing interest in the enzyme and its influence in drug metabolism. Here, we present a comprehensive monograph of AO as a drug metabolizing enzyme with emphasis on marketed drugs as well as other xenobiotics, as substrates and inhibitors. Although the number of drugs that are primarily metabolized by AO are few, the impact of AO on drug development has been extensive. We also discuss the effect of AO on the systemic exposure and clearance these clinical candidates. The review provides a comprehensive analysis of drug discovery compounds involving AO with the focus on developmental candidates that were reported in the past five years with regards to pharmacokinetics and toxicity. While there is only one known report of AO-mediated clinically relevant drug-drug interaction (DDI), a detailed description of inhibitors and inducers of AO known to date has been presented here and the potential risks associated with DDI. The increasing recognition of the importance of AO has led to significant progress in predicting the site of AO-mediated metabolism using computational methods. Additionally, marked species difference in expression of AO makes it is difficult to predict human clearance with high confidence. The progress made towards developing in vivo, in vitro and in silico approaches for predicting AO metabolism and estimating human clearance of compounds that are metabolized by AO have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Dalvie
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Celgene Corporation, 10300, Campus Point Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Li Di
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, UK
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Nozaki K, Nakano M, Iwakami C, Fukami T, Nakajima M. RNA Editing Enzymes Modulate the Expression of Hepatic CYP2B6, CYP2C8, and Other Cytochrome P450 Isoforms. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:639-647. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.086702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Miyamoto M, Iwasaki S, Chisaki I, Nakagawa S, Amano N, Kosugi Y, Hirabayashi H. Prediction of human pharmacokinetics of long half-life compounds using chimeric mice with humanised liver. Xenobiotica 2019; 49:1379-1387. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1579394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maki Miyamoto
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Iwasaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ikumi Chisaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sayaka Nakagawa
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Amano
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yohei Kosugi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Hirabayashi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
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Hu Y, Smith DE. In Silico Prediction of the Absorption and Disposition of Cefadroxil in Humans using an Intestinal Permeability Method Scaled from Humanized PepT1 Mice. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:173-183. [PMID: 30593545 PMCID: PMC6367690 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.084236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is difficult to predict the pharmacokinetics and plasma concentration-time profiles of new chemical entities in humans based on animal data. Some pharmacokinetic parameters, such as clearance and volume of distribution, can be scaled allometrically from rodents, mammals, and nonhuman primates with good success. However, it is far more challenging to predict the oral pharmacokinetics of experimental drug candidates. In the present study, we used in situ estimates of intestinal permeability, obtained in silico and from rat, wild-type (WT), and humanized PepT1 (huPepT1) mice, to predict the systemic exposure of cefadroxil, an orally administered model compound, under a variety of conditions. Using the GastroPlus simulation software program (Simulations Plus, Lancaster, CA), we found that the C max and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the last measurable concentration of cefadroxil were better predicted using intestinal permeability estimates (both segmental and jejunal) from huPepT1 than from WT mice, and that intestinal permeabilities based on in silico and rat estimates gave worse predictions. We also observed that accurate predictions were possible for cefadroxil during oral dose escalation (i.e., 5, 15, and 30 mg/kg cefadroxil), a drug-drug interaction study (i.e., 5 mg/kg oral cefadroxil plus 45 mg/kg oral cephalexin), and an oral multiple dose study [i.e., 500 mg (6.7 mg/kg) cefadroxil every 6 hours]. Finally, the greatest amount of cefadroxil was absorbed in duodenal and jejunal segments of the small intestine after a 5 mg/kg oral dose. Thus, by combining a humanized mouse model and in silico software, the present study offers a novel strategy for better translating preclinical pharmacokinetic data to oral drug exposure during first-in-human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David E Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Naritomi Y, Sanoh S, Ohta S. Utility of Chimeric Mice with Humanized Liver for Predicting Human Pharmacokinetics in Drug Discovery: Comparison with in Vitro– in Vivo Extrapolation and Allometric Scaling. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:327-336. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Naritomi
- Analysis & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Shigeru Ohta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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Chimeric mice with human hepatocytes: A new system for genotoxicity studies. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 839:9-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
The complete life cycle of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be recapitulated in vivo using immunodeficient mice that have had their livers extensively repopulated with human hepatocytes. These human liver chimeric mouse models have enabled the study of many aspects of the HCV life cycle, including antiviral interventions that have helped to shape the curative landscape that is available today. The first human liver chimeric mouse model capable of supporting the HCV life cycle was generated in SCID-uPA mice. Although other human liver chimeric mouse models have since been developed, the SCID-uPA mouse model remains one of the most robust in vivo systems available for HCV studies. This chapter reviews development, validation and application of the SCID-uPA mouse model, and discusses their potential application for studying other liver-centric diseases and pathogens and for the design and testing of vaccine candidates for the eradication of HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna N Douglas
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Norman M Kneteman
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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28
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Uehara S, Higuchi Y, Yoneda N, Yamazaki H, Suemizu H. Expression and inducibility of cytochrome P450s in human hepatocytes isolated from chimeric mice with humanised livers. Xenobiotica 2018; 49:678-687. [PMID: 29969338 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1495346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of drug-mediated cytochrome P450 (P450) induction using human hepatocytes is important for predicting drug interactions. In this study, we prepared hepatocytes from chimeric mice with humanised livers (Hu-Liver mice) and evaluated the expression and inducibility of P450s in these hepatocytes. Up to 95% of the Hu-Liver cells stained positive for human leukocyte antigen and the mean viability exceeded 85% (n = 10). Monolayer-cultured Hu-Liver cells displayed a similar morphology to cultures of the corresponding human hepatocytes used as transplantation donors. The mRNA expression levels in Hu-Liver cells of 16 P450 forms belonging to P450 subfamilies 1-4 correlated well with the expression levels of the same enzymes in human hepatocytes. The variations in individual P450 mRNA levels between Hu-Liver cells and the corresponding human hepatocytes were within five-fold for 13 P450 forms. The production of 6β-hydroxytestosterone in Hu-Liver cells was significantly increased (p < .05) following treatment with the CYP3A inducer, rifampicin. Hu-Liver cells have characteristics similar to those of human hepatocytes in terms of mRNA expression levels and the inducibility of the various P450 forms. Thus, Hu-Liver cells can potentially be used for in vitro drug-mediated induction assays of human hepatic P450s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Uehara
- a Central Institute for Experimental Animals , Kawasaki , Japan
| | | | - Nao Yoneda
- a Central Institute for Experimental Animals , Kawasaki , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- b Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics , Showa Pharmaceutical University , Machida , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- a Central Institute for Experimental Animals , Kawasaki , Japan
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Nihira K, Nan-ya KI, Kakuni M, Ono Y, Yoshikawa Y, Ota T, Hiura M, Yoshinari K. Chimeric Mice With Humanized Livers Demonstrate Human-Specific Hepatotoxicity Caused by a Therapeutic Antibody Against TRAIL-Receptor 2/Death Receptor 5. Toxicol Sci 2018; 167:190-201. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaito Nihira
- Translational Research Unit, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Nan-ya
- Translational Research Unit, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kakuni
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Yoko Ono
- Translational Research Unit, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
| | - Yukitaka Yoshikawa
- Translational Research Unit, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
| | - Toshio Ota
- Translational Research Unit, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
| | - Masanori Hiura
- Translational Research Unit, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
| | - Kouichi Yoshinari
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Tomigahara Y, Tarui H, Matsui M, Kurosawa M, Kawamura S, Isobe N. Lack of human relevance for procymidone's developmental toxicity attributable to species difference in its kinetics and metabolism. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2018; 43:114-123. [PMID: 30363160 PMCID: PMC6140727 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d17-085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The agricultural fungicide procymidone can cause external genitalia abnormalities in rats but not monkeys or rabbits. To investigate the relevance of developmental findings in rats to humans, we conducted in vitro plasma protein binding studies, in vitro metabolism (biotransformation) studies using liver S9 fractions and hepatocytes, and in vivo metabolism and excretion studies using chimeric mice with humanized hepatocytes. On the basis of these results, we concluded that the metabolic and excretion profiles of procymidone in humans are similar to those in monkeys and rabbits but differ from those in rats. From the findings of this and previous studies, we judge the developmental toxicity potential of procymidone to be very low in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hirokazu Tarui
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd
| | - Masayoshi Matsui
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd
| | | | - Satoshi Kawamura
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd
| | - Naohiko Isobe
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd
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Nakayama K, Ito S, Suzuki M, Takubo H, Yamazaki H, Nomura Y. Prediction of human pharmacokinetics of typical compounds by a physiologically based method using chimeric mice with humanized liver. Xenobiotica 2018; 49:404-414. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1460516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Nakayama
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc, Osaka, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ito
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Suzuki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takubo
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Nomura
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc, Osaka, Japan
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Abe J, Tomigahara Y, Tarui H, Omori R, Kawamura S. Identification of Metabolism and Excretion Differences of Procymidone between Rats and Humans Using Chimeric Mice: Implications for Differential Developmental Toxicity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1955-1963. [PMID: 29313347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A metabolite of procymidone, hydroxylated-PCM, causes rat-specific developmental toxicity due to higher exposure to it in rats than in rabbits or monkeys. When procymidone was administered to chimeric mice with rat or human hepatocytes, the plasma level of hydroxylated-PCM was higher than that of procymidone in rat chimeric mice, and the metabolic profile of procymidone in intact rats was well reproduced in rat chimeric mice. In human chimeric mice, the plasma level of hydroxylated-PCM was less, resulting in a much lower exposure. The main excretion route of hydroxylated-PCM-glucuronide was bile (the point that hydroxylated-PCM enters the enterohepatic circulation) in rat chimeric mice, and urine in human chimeric mice. These data suggest that humans, in contrast to rats, extensively form the glucuronide and excrete it in urine, as do rabbits and monkeys. Overall, procymidone's potential for causing teratogenicity in humans must be low compared to that in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Abe
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd , 1-98, Kasugade-Naka 3-Chome, Konohana-Ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tomigahara
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd , 1-98, Kasugade-Naka 3-Chome, Konohana-Ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tarui
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd , 1-98, Kasugade-Naka 3-Chome, Konohana-Ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Rie Omori
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd , 1-98, Kasugade-Naka 3-Chome, Konohana-Ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawamura
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd , 1-98, Kasugade-Naka 3-Chome, Konohana-Ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
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Chimeric mice with humanized liver: Application in drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics studies for drug discovery. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2018; 33:31-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Fujiwara S. Humanized mice: A brief overview on their diverse applications in biomedical research. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2889-2901. [PMID: 28543438 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Model animals naturally differ from humans in various respects and results from the former are not directly translatable to the latter. One approach to address this issue is humanized mice that are defined as mice engrafted with functional human cells or tissues. In humanized mice, we can investigate the development and function of human cells or tissues (including their products encoded by human genes) in the in vivo context of a small animal. As such, humanized mouse models have played important roles that cannot be substituted by other animal models in various areas of biomedical research. Although there are obvious limitations in humanized mice and we may need some caution in interpreting the results obtained from them, it is reasonably expected that they will be utilized in increasingly diverse areas of biomedical research, as the technology for preparing humanized mice are rapidly improved. In this review, I will describe the methodology for generating humanized mice and overview their recent applications in various disciplines including immunology, infectious diseases, drug metabolism, and neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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35
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Miyamoto M, Iwasaki S, Chisaki I, Nakagawa S, Amano N, Hirabayashi H. Comparison of predictability for human pharmacokinetics parameters among monkeys, rats, and chimeric mice with humanised liver. Xenobiotica 2017; 47:1052-1063. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1265160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maki Miyamoto
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Iwasaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Ikumi Chisaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Sayaka Nakagawa
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Amano
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Hirabayashi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
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36
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Evaluation of the Utility of Chimeric Mice with Humanized Livers for the Characterization and Profiling of the Metabolites of a Selective Inhibitor (YM543) of the Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2. Pharm Res 2017; 34:874-886. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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37
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Chow ECY, Quach HP, Zhang Y, Wang JZY, Evans DC, Li AP, Silva J, Tirona RG, Lai Y, Pang KS. Disrupted Murine Gut–to–Human Liver Signaling Alters Bile Acid Homeostasis in Humanized Mouse Liver Models. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 360:174-191. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.236935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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38
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Chow ECY, Wang JZY, Quach HP, Tang H, Evans DC, Li AP, Silva J, Pang KS. Functional Integrity of the Chimeric (Humanized) Mouse Liver: Enzyme Zonation, Physiologic Spaces, and Hepatic Enzymes and Transporters. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:1524-35. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.070060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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39
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Hu Y, Smith DE. Species differences in the pharmacokinetics of cefadroxil as determined in wildtype and humanized PepT1 mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 107:81-90. [PMID: 26979860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PepT1 (SLC15A1) is a high-capacity low-affinity transporter that is important in the absorption of digested di/tripeptides from dietary protein in the small intestine. PepT1 is also crucial for the intestinal uptake and absorption of therapeutic agents such as the β-lactam aminocephalosporins and antiviral prodrugs. Species differences, however, have been observed in PepT1-mediated intestinal absorption and pharmacokinetics, thereby, making it more difficult to predict systemic drug exposure. In the present study, we evaluated the in situ intestinal permeability of the PepT1 substrate cefadroxil in wildtype and humanized PepT1 (huPepT1) mice, and the in vivo absorption and disposition of drug after escalating oral doses. The in situ perfusions indicated that cefadroxil had a twofold higher affinity (i.e., twofold lower Km) for jejunal PepT1 in huPepT1 mice, lower but substantial permeability in all regions of the small intestine, and low but measureable permeability in the colon as compared to wildtype animals. The in vivo experiments indicated almost superimposable pharmacokinetic profiles between the two genotypes after intravenous bolus dosing of cefadroxil. In contrast, after oral dose escalation, the systemic exposure of cefadroxil was reduced in huPepT1 mice as compared to wildtype animals. Moreover, the AUC and Cmax versus dose relationships were nonlinear for huPepT1 but not wildtype mice, and similar to that observed from human subjects. In conclusion, our findings indicate that huPepT1 mice may provide a valuable tool in the drug discovery process by better predicting the oral pharmacokinetic profiles of PepT1 substrates in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - David E Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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40
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Nakada N, Kawamura A, Kamimura H, Sato K, Kazuki Y, Kakuni M, Ohbuchi M, Kato K, Tateno C, Oshimura M, Usui T. MurineCyp3aknockout chimeric mice with humanized liver: prediction of the metabolic profile of nefazodone in humans. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2016; 37:3-14. [DOI: 10.1002/bdd.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Nakada
- Drug Metabolism Research Laboratories, Drug Discovery Research; Astellas Pharma Inc.; Osaka Japan
| | - Akio Kawamura
- Drug Metabolism Research Laboratories, Drug Discovery Research; Astellas Pharma Inc.; Osaka Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kamimura
- ADME & Tox Research Institute; Sekisui Medical Co., Ltd; Tokyo Japan
| | - Koya Sato
- Drug Metabolism Research Laboratories, Drug Discovery Research; Astellas Pharma Inc.; Osaka Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuki
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science; Tottori University; Yonago Tottori Japan
| | | | - Masato Ohbuchi
- Drug Metabolism Research Laboratories, Drug Discovery Research; Astellas Pharma Inc.; Osaka Japan
| | - Kota Kato
- Drug Metabolism Research Laboratories, Drug Discovery Research; Astellas Pharma Inc.; Osaka Japan
| | - Chise Tateno
- PhoenixBio, Co., Ltd; Higashi Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan
- Liver Research Project Center; Hiroshima University; Japan
| | - Mitsuo Oshimura
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science; Tottori University; Yonago Tottori Japan
| | - Takashi Usui
- Drug Metabolism Research Laboratories, Drug Discovery Research; Astellas Pharma Inc.; Osaka Japan
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41
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von Schaewen M, Hrebikova G, Ploss A. Generation of Human Liver Chimeric Mice for the Study of Human Hepatotropic Pathogens. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1438:79-101. [PMID: 27150085 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3661-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human liver chimeric mice have become valuable tools for the study of human hepatotropic pathogens and for the investigation of metabolism and pharmacokinetics of novel drugs. The evolution of the underlying mouse models has been rapid in the past years. The diverse fields of applications of those model systems and their technical challenges will be discussed in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus von Schaewen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, 110 Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Gabriela Hrebikova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, 110 Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, 110 Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
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42
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Tateno C, Kawase Y, Tobita Y, Hamamura S, Ohshita H, Yokomichi H, Sanada H, Kakuni M, Shiota A, Kojima Y, Ishida Y, Shitara H, Wada NA, Tateishi H, Sudoh M, Nagatsuka SI, Jishage KI, Kohara M. Generation of Novel Chimeric Mice with Humanized Livers by Using Hemizygous cDNA-uPA/SCID Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142145. [PMID: 26536627 PMCID: PMC4633119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used homozygous albumin enhancer/promoter-driven urokinase-type plasminogen activator/severe combined immunodeficient (uPA/SCID) mice as hosts for chimeric mice with humanized livers. However, uPA/SCID mice show four disadvantages: the human hepatocytes (h-heps) replacement index in mouse liver is decreased due to deletion of uPA transgene by homologous recombination, kidney disorders are likely to develop, body size is small, and hemizygotes cannot be used as hosts as more frequent homologous recombination than homozygotes. To solve these disadvantages, we have established a novel host strain that has a transgene containing albumin promoter/enhancer and urokinase-type plasminogen activator cDNA and has a SCID background (cDNA-uPA/SCID). We applied the embryonic stem cell technique to simultaneously generate a number of transgenic lines, and found the line with the most appropriate levels of uPA expression—not detrimental but with a sufficiently damaged liver. We transplanted h-heps into homozygous and hemizygous cDNA-uPA/SCID mice via the spleen, and monitored their human albumin (h-alb) levels and body weight. Blood h-alb levels and body weight gradually increased in the hemizygous cDNA-uPA/SCID mice and were maintained until they were approximately 30 weeks old. By contrast, blood h-alb levels and body weight in uPA/SCID chimeric mice decreased from 16 weeks of age onwards. A similar decrease in body weight was observed in the homozygous cDNA-uPA/SCID genotype, but h-alb levels were maintained until they were approximately 30 weeks old. Microarray analyses revealed identical h-heps gene expression profiles in homozygous and hemizygous cDNA-uPA/SCID mice were identical to that observed in the uPA/SCID mice. Furthermore, like uPA/SCID chimeric mice, homozygous and hemizygous cDNA-uPA/SCID chimeric mice were successfully infected with hepatitis B virus and C virus. These results indicate that hemizygous cDNA-uPA/SCID mice may be novel and useful hosts for producing chimeric mice for use in future long-term studies, including hepatitis virus infection analysis or drug toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chise Tateno
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail: (CT); (M. Kohara)
| | - Yosuke Kawase
- Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science, Inc., Gotemba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Tobita
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroki Ohshita
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Harumi Sanada
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Akira Shiota
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuha Kojima
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishida
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shitara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko A. Wada
- Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science, Inc., Gotemba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tateishi
- Chugai Research Institute for Medical Science, Inc., Gotemba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sudoh
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Gotemba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Michinori Kohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (CT); (M. Kohara)
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43
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Bissig-Choisat B, Wang L, Legras X, Saha PK, Chen L, Bell P, Pankowicz FP, Hill MC, Barzi M, Leyton CK, Leung HCE, Kruse RL, Himes RW, Goss JA, Wilson JM, Chan L, Lagor WR, Bissig KD. Development and rescue of human familial hypercholesterolaemia in a xenograft mouse model. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7339. [PMID: 26081744 PMCID: PMC4557302 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases of lipid metabolism are a major cause of human morbidity, but no animal model entirely recapitulates human lipoprotein metabolism. Here we develop a xenograft mouse model using hepatocytes from a patient with familial hypercholesterolaemia caused by loss-of-function mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Like familial hypercholesterolaemia patients, our familial hypercholesterolaemia liver chimeric mice develop hypercholesterolaemia and a 'humanized‘ serum profile, including expression of the emerging drug targets cholesteryl ester transfer protein and apolipoprotein (a), for which no genes exist in mice. We go on to replace the missing LDLR in familial hypercholesterolaemia liver chimeric mice using an adeno-associated virus 9-based gene therapy and restore normal lipoprotein profiles after administration of a single dose. Our study marks the first time a human metabolic disease is induced in an experimental animal model by human hepatocyte transplantation and treated by gene therapy. Such xenograft platforms offer the ability to validate human experimental therapies and may foster their rapid translation into the clinic. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a congenital disease associated with high plasma cholesterol levels. Here, the authors recapitulate FH in chimeric mice, in which livers are repopulated with hepatocytes from an FH patient, and successfully correct the disease using adenovirus-mediated gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bissig-Choisat
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Lili Wang
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Xavier Legras
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Pradip K Saha
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Leon Chen
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Peter Bell
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Francis P Pankowicz
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Matthew C Hill
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Mercedes Barzi
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Claudia Kettlun Leyton
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hon-Chiu Eastwood Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, and Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Robert L Kruse
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ryan W Himes
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - John A Goss
- Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - James M Wilson
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Lawrence Chan
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - William R Lagor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Karl-Dimiter Bissig
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, and Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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44
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Sahasrabudhe V, Zhu T, Vaz A, Tse S. Drug Metabolism and Drug Interactions: Potential Application to Antituberculosis Drugs. J Infect Dis 2015; 211 Suppl 3:S107-14. [DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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45
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Kato K, Ohbuchi M, Hamamura S, Ohshita H, Kazuki Y, Oshimura M, Sato K, Nakada N, Kawamura A, Usui T, Kamimura H, Tateno C. Development of Murine Cyp3a Knockout Chimeric Mice with Humanized Liver. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1208-17. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.063479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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46
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Nakada N, Oda K. Identification and characterization of metabolites of ASP015K, a novel oral Janus kinase inhibitor, in rats, chimeric mice with humanized liver, and humans. Xenobiotica 2015; 45:757-65. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1019594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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47
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Sanoh S, Naritomi Y, Fujimoto M, Sato K, Kawamura A, Horiguchi A, Sugihara K, Kotake Y, Ohshita H, Tateno C, Horie T, Kitamura S, Ohta S. Predictability of plasma concentration–time curves in humans using single-species allometric scaling of chimeric mice with humanized liver. Xenobiotica 2015; 45:605-14. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1007112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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48
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Kamimura H, Ito S, Nozawa K, Nakamura S, Chijiwa H, Nagatsuka SI, Kuronuma M, Ohnishi Y, Suemizu H, Ninomiya SI. Formation of the Accumulative Human Metabolite and Human-Specific Glutathione Conjugate of Diclofenac in TK-NOG Chimeric Mice with Humanized Livers. Drug Metab Dispos 2014; 43:309-16. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.061689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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49
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Jaiswal S, Sharma A, Shukla M, Vaghasiya K, Rangaraj N, Lal J. Novel pre-clinical methodologies for pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies: spotlight on "humanized" animal models. Drug Metab Rev 2014; 46:475-93. [PMID: 25270219 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2014.967866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Poly-therapy is common due to co-occurrence of several ailments in patients, leading to the elevated possibility of drug-drug interactions (DDI). Pharmacokinetic DDI often accounts for severe adverse drug reactions in patients resulting in withdrawal of drug from the market. Hence, the prediction of DDI is necessary at pre-clinical stage of drug development. Several human tissue and cell line-based in vitro systems are routinely used for screening metabolic and transporter pathways of investigational drugs and for predicting their clinical DDI potentials. However, ample constraints are associated with the in vitro systems and sometimes in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) fail to assess the risk of DDI in clinic. In vitro-in vivo correlation model in animals combined with human in vitro studies may be helpful in better prediction of clinical outcome. Native animal models vary remarkably from humans in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters, hence, the interpretation of results from animal DDI studies is difficult. With the advent of modern molecular biology and engineering tools, novel pre-clinical animal models, namely, knockout rat/mouse, transgenic rat/mouse with humanized drug metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters and chimeric rat/mouse with humanized liver are developed. These models nearly simulate human-like drug metabolism and help to validate the in vivo relevance of the in vitro human DDI data. This review briefly discusses the application of such novel pre-clinical models for screening various type of DDI along with their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Jaiswal
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
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50
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Tateno C, Yamamoto T, Utoh R, Yamasaki C, Ishida Y, Myoken Y, Oofusa K, Okada M, Tsutsui N, Yoshizato K. Chimeric Mice with Hepatocyte-humanized Liver as an Appropriate Model to Study Human Peroxisome Proliferator–activated Receptor-α. Toxicol Pathol 2014; 43:233-48. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623314544378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator (PP)–activated receptor-α (PPARα) agonists exhibit species-specific effects on livers of the rodent and human (h), which has been considered to reside in the difference of PPARα gene structures. However, the contribution of h-hepatocytes (heps) to the species-specificity remains to be clarified. In this study, the effects of fenofibrate were investigated using a hepatocyte-humanized chimeric mouse (m) model whose livers were replaced with h-heps at >70%. Fenofibrate induced hepatocellular hypertrophy, cell proliferation, and peroxisome proliferation in livers of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, but not in the h-hep of chimeric mouse livers. Fenofibrate increased the expression of the enzymes of β- and ω-hydroxylation and deoxygenation of lipids at both gene and protein levels in SCID mouse livers, but not in the h-heps of chimeric mouse livers, supporting the studies with h-PPARα-transgenic mice, a hitherto reliable model for studying the regulation of h-PPARα in the h-liver in most respects, except the induction of the peroxisome proliferation. This study indicates the importance of not only h-PPARα gene but also h-heps themselves to correctly predict effects of fibrates on h-livers, and, therefore, suggests that the chimeric mouse is a currently available, consistent, and reliable model to obtain pharmaceutical data concerning the effects of fibrates on h-livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chise Tateno
- Yoshizato Project, Cooperative Link of Unique Science and Technology for Economy Revitalization (CLUSTER), Hiroshima Prefectural Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Yamamoto
- Safety Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Rie Utoh
- Yoshizato Project, Cooperative Link of Unique Science and Technology for Economy Revitalization (CLUSTER), Hiroshima Prefectural Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Yamasaki
- Yoshizato Project, Cooperative Link of Unique Science and Technology for Economy Revitalization (CLUSTER), Hiroshima Prefectural Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishida
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuka Myoken
- Prophoenix Co., Ltd., Developmental Biology Laboratory, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Ken Oofusa
- Prophoenix Co., Ltd., Developmental Biology Laboratory, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Prophoenix Division, Idea Consultants, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miyoko Okada
- Safety Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Naohisa Tsutsui
- Safety Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Yoshizato
- Yoshizato Project, Cooperative Link of Unique Science and Technology for Economy Revitalization (CLUSTER), Hiroshima Prefectural Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Hiroshima University 21st Century COE Program for Advanced Radiation Casualty Medicine, Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
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