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Reis-Mendes A, Vitorino-Oliveira C, Ferreira M, Carvalho F, Remião F, Sousa E, de Lourdes Bastos M, Costa VM. Comparative In Vitro Study of the Cytotoxic Effects of Doxorubicin's Main Metabolites on Cardiac AC16 Cells Versus the Parent Drug. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:266-279. [PMID: 38347287 PMCID: PMC10937802 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX; also known as adriamycin) serves as a crucial antineoplastic agent in cancer treatment; however, its clinical utility is hampered by its' intrinsic cardiotoxicity. Although most DOX biotransformation occurs in the liver, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of DOX biotransformation and its' metabolites on its induced cardiotoxicity remains to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the role of biotransformation and DOX's main metabolites in its induced cardiotoxicity in human differentiated cardiac AC16 cells. A key discovery from our study is that modulating metabolism had minimal effects on DOX-induced cytotoxicity: even so, metyrapone (a non-specific inhibitor of cytochrome P450) increased DOX-induced cytotoxicity at 2 µM, while diallyl sulphide (a CYP2E1 inhibitor) decreased the 1 µM DOX-triggered cytotoxicity. Then, the toxicity of the main DOX metabolites, doxorubicinol [(DOXol, 0.5 to 10 µM), doxorubicinone (DOXone, 1 to 10 µM), and 7-deoxydoxorubicinone (7-DeoxyDOX, 1 to 10 µM)] was compared to DOX (0.5 to 10 µM) following a 48-h exposure. All metabolites evaluated, DOXol, DOXone, and 7-DeoxyDOX caused mitochondrial dysfunction in differentiated AC16 cells, but only at 2 µM. In contrast, DOX elicited comparable cytotoxicity, but at half the concentration. Similarly, all metabolites, except 7-DeoxyDOX impacted on lysosomal ability to uptake neutral red. Therefore, the present study showed that the modulation of DOX metabolism demonstrated minimal impact on its cytotoxicity, with the main metabolites exhibiting lower toxicity to AC16 cardiac cells compared to DOX. In conclusion, our findings suggest that metabolism may not be a pivotal factor in mediating DOX's cardiotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reis-Mendes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Vitorino-Oliveira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Ferreira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lourdes Bastos
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO, University Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Bajraktari-Sylejmani G, Oster JS, Burhenne J, Haefeli WE, Sauter M, Weiss J. In vitro evaluation of the reductive carbonyl idarubicin metabolism to evaluate inhibitors of the formation of cardiotoxic idarubicinol via carbonyl and aldo-keto reductases. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:807-820. [PMID: 38175295 PMCID: PMC10861747 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The most important dose-limiting factor of the anthracycline idarubicin is the high risk of cardiotoxicity, in which the secondary alcohol metabolite idarubicinol plays an important role. It is not yet clear which enzymes are most important for the formation of idarubicinol and which inhibitors might be suitable to suppress this metabolic step and thus would be promising concomitant drugs to reduce idarubicin-associated cardiotoxicity. We, therefore, established and validated a mass spectrometry method for intracellular quantification of idarubicin and idarubicinol and investigated idarubicinol formation in different cell lines and its inhibition by known inhibitors of the aldo-keto reductases AKR1A1, AKR1B1, and AKR1C3 and the carbonyl reductases CBR1/3. The enzyme expression pattern differed among the cell lines with dominant expression of CBR1/3 in HEK293 and MCF-7 and very high expression of AKR1C3 in HepG2 cells. In HEK293 and MCF-7 cells, menadione was the most potent inhibitor (IC50 = 1.6 and 9.8 µM), while in HepG2 cells, ranirestat was most potent (IC50 = 0.4 µM), suggesting that ranirestat is not a selective AKR1B1 inhibitor, but also an AKR1C3 inhibitor. Over-expression of AKR1C3 verified the importance of AKR1C3 for idarubicinol formation and showed that ranirestat is also a potent inhibitor of this enzyme. Taken together, our study underlines the importance of AKR1C3 and CBR1 for the reduction of idarubicin and identifies potent inhibitors of metabolic formation of the cardiotoxic idarubicinol, which should now be tested in vivo to evaluate whether such combinations can increase the cardiac safety of idarubicin therapies while preserving its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gzona Bajraktari-Sylejmani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Sophie Oster
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Burhenne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walter Emil Haefeli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Max Sauter
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Weiss
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Ma B, Li Q, Zhang J, Mi Y, Tan W, Guo Z. Improvement of the Antioxidant and Antitumor Activities of Benzimidazole-Chitosan Quaternary Ammonium Salt on Drug Delivery Nanogels. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:40. [PMID: 38248665 PMCID: PMC10817266 DOI: 10.3390/md22010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the design and preparation of acid-responsive benzimidazole-chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (BIMIXHAC) nanogels for a controlled, slow-release of Doxorubicin HCl (DOX.HCl). The BIMIXHAC was crosslinked with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) using the ion crosslinking method. The method resulted in nanogels with low polydispersity index, small particle size, and positive zeta potential values, indicating the good stability of the nanogels. Compared to hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan-Doxorubicin HCl-sodium tripolyphosphate (HACC-D-TPP) nanogel, the benzimidazole-chitosan quaternary ammonium salt-Doxorubicin HCl-sodium tripolyphosphate (BIMIXHAC-D-TPP) nanogel show higher drug encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity (BIMIXHAC-D-TPP 93.17 ± 0.27% and 31.17 ± 0.09%), with acid-responsive release profiles and accelerated release in vitro. The hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate (HACC-TPP), and benzimidazole-chitosan quaternary ammonium salt-sodium tripolyphosphate (BIMIXHAC-TPP) nanogels demonstrated favorable antioxidant capability. The assay of cell viability, measured by the MTT assay, revealed that nanogels led to a significant reduction in the cell viability of two cancer cells: the human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line (A549) and the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Furthermore, the BIMIXHAC-D-TPP nanogel was 2.96 times less toxic than DOX.HCl to the mouse fibroblast cell line (L929). It was indicated that the BIMIXHAC-based nanogel with enhanced antioxidant and antitumor activities and acidic-responsive release could serve as a potential nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; (B.M.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; (B.M.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.T.)
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; (B.M.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.T.)
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yingqi Mi
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; (B.M.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.T.)
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenqiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; (B.M.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.T.)
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhanyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; (B.M.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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Hirosawa K, Fujioka H, Morinaga G, Fukami T, Ishiguro N, Kishimoto W, Nakase H, Mizuguchi H, Nakajima M. Quantitative Analysis of mRNA and Protein Expression Levels of Aldo-Keto Reductase and Short-Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase Isoforms in the Human Intestine. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1569-1577. [PMID: 37722844 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymes catalyzing the reduction reaction of xenobiotics are mainly members of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamilies. The intestine, together with the liver, is responsible for first-pass effects and is an organ that determines the bioavailability of orally administered drugs. In this study, we evaluated the mRNA and protein expression levels of 12 AKR isoforms (AKR1A1, AKR1B1, AKR1B10, AKR1B15, AKR1C1, AKR1C2, AKR1C3, AKR1C4, AKR1D1, AKR1E2, AKR7A2, and AKR7A3) and 7 SDR isoforms (CBR1, CBR3, CBR4, DCXR, DHRS4, HSD11B1, and HSD17B12) in each region of the human intestine using next-generation sequencing and data-independent acquisition proteomics. At both the mRNA and protein levels, most AKR isoforms were highly expressed in the upper regions of the intestine, namely the duodenum and jejunum, and then declined toward the rectum. Among the members in the SDR superfamily, CBR1 and DHRS4 were highly expressed in the upper regions, whereas the expression levels of the other isoforms were almost uniform in all regions. Significant positive correlations between mRNA and protein levels were observed in AKR1A1, AKR1B1, AKR1B10, AKR1C3, AKR7A2, AKR7A3, CBR1, and CBR3. The mRNA level of AKR1B10 was highest, followed by AKR7A3 and CBR1, each accounting for more than 10% of the sum of all AKR and SDR levels in the small intestine. This expression profile in the human intestine was greatly different from that in the human liver, where AKR1C isoforms are predominantly expressed. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In this study comprehensively determined the mRNA and protein expression profiles of aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase isoforms involved in xenobiotic metabolism in the human intestine and found that most of them are highly expressed in the upper region, where AKR1B10, AKR7A3, and CBR1 are predominantly expressed. Since the intestine is significantly involved in the metabolism of orally administered drugs, the information provided here is valuable for pharmacokinetic studies in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiya Hirosawa
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (K.H., T.F., M.N.) and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (T.F., M.N.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Nonclinical Safety, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan (H.F., G.M., N.I., W.K.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan (H.N.); Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics (H.M.) and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) (H.M.), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hijiri Fujioka
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (K.H., T.F., M.N.) and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (T.F., M.N.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Nonclinical Safety, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan (H.F., G.M., N.I., W.K.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan (H.N.); Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics (H.M.) and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) (H.M.), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gaku Morinaga
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (K.H., T.F., M.N.) and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (T.F., M.N.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Nonclinical Safety, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan (H.F., G.M., N.I., W.K.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan (H.N.); Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics (H.M.) and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) (H.M.), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Fukami
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (K.H., T.F., M.N.) and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (T.F., M.N.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Nonclinical Safety, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan (H.F., G.M., N.I., W.K.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan (H.N.); Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics (H.M.) and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) (H.M.), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (K.H., T.F., M.N.) and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (T.F., M.N.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Nonclinical Safety, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan (H.F., G.M., N.I., W.K.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan (H.N.); Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics (H.M.) and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) (H.M.), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wataru Kishimoto
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (K.H., T.F., M.N.) and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (T.F., M.N.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Nonclinical Safety, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan (H.F., G.M., N.I., W.K.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan (H.N.); Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics (H.M.) and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) (H.M.), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakase
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (K.H., T.F., M.N.) and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (T.F., M.N.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Nonclinical Safety, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan (H.F., G.M., N.I., W.K.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan (H.N.); Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics (H.M.) and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) (H.M.), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (K.H., T.F., M.N.) and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (T.F., M.N.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Nonclinical Safety, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan (H.F., G.M., N.I., W.K.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan (H.N.); Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics (H.M.) and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) (H.M.), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miki Nakajima
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (K.H., T.F., M.N.) and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (T.F., M.N.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Nonclinical Safety, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan (H.F., G.M., N.I., W.K.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan (H.N.); Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan (H.M.); Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics (H.M.) and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER) (H.M.), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Wu J, Kong D, Zhao S, Li G, Li W. Swamp eel aldehyde reductase is involved in response to nitrosative stress via regulating NO/GSH levels. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023; 103:529-543. [PMID: 37266950 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde reductase (ALR) plays key roles in the detoxification of toxic aldehyde. In this study, the authors cloned the swamp eel ALR gene using rapid amplification of cDNA ends-PCR (RACE-PCR). The recombinant protein (rALR) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using a Ni2+ -NTA chelating column. The rALR protein exhibited efficient reductive activity towards several aldehydes, ketones and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). A spot assay suggested that the recombinant E. coli strain expressing rALR showed better resistance to formaldehyde, sodium nitrite and GSNO stress, suggesting that swamp eel ALR is crucial for redox homeostasis in vivo. Consequently, the authors investigated the effect of rALR on the oxidative parameters of the liver in swamp eels challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The hepatic glutathione (GSH) content significantly increased, and the hepatic NO content and levels of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species significantly decreased when rALR was administered. In addition, the mRNA expression of hepatic Alr, HO1 and Nrf2 was significantly upregulated, whereas the expression levels of NF-κB, IL-1β and NOS1 were significantly downregulated in the rALR-administered group. Collectively, these results suggest that ALR is involved in the response to nitrosative stress by regulating GSH/NO levels in the swamp eel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jianfen Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Dan Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Sifan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Guopan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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6
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Takano S, Fukami T, Ichida H, Suzuki K, Nakano M, Nakajima M. In Vitro Evaluation of the Reductase Activities of Human AKR1C3 Allelic Variants. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1188-1195. [PMID: 37344179 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) plays a role in the detoxification and activation of clinical drugs by catalyzing reduction reactions. There are approximately 400 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the AKR1C3 gene, but their impact on the enzyme activity is still unclear. This study aimed to clarify the effects of SNPs of AKR1C3 with more than 0.5% global minor allele frequency on the reductase activities for its typical substrates. Recombinant AKR1C3 wild-type and R66Q, E77G, C145Y, P180S, or R258C variants were constructed using insect Sf21 cells, and reductase activities for acetohexamide, doxorubicin, and loxoprofen by recombinant AKR1C3s were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Among the variants tested, the C145Y variant showed remarkably low (6%-14% of wild type) intrinsic clearances of reductase activities for all three drugs. Reductase activities of these three drugs were measured using 34 individual Japanese liver cytosols, revealing that heterozygotes of the SNP g.55101G>A tended to show lower reductase activities for three drugs than homozygotes of the wild type. Furthermore, genotyping of the SNP g.55101G>A causing C145Y in 96 Caucasians, 166 African Americans, 192 Koreans, and 183 Japanese individuals was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. This allelic variant was specifically detected in Asians, with allele frequencies of 6.8% and 3.6% in Koreans and Japanese, respectively. To conclude, an AKR1C3 allele with the SNP g.55101G>A causing C145Y would be one of the causal factors for interindividual variabilities in the efficacy and toxicity of drugs reduced by AKR1C3. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This is the first study to clarify that the AKR1C3 allele with the SNP g.55101G>A causing C145Y results in a decrease in reductase activity. Since the allele was specifically observed in Asians, the allele would be a factor causing an interindividual variability in sensitivity of drug efficacy or toxicity of drugs reduced by AKR1C3 in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Takano
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan (S.T., T.F., H.I., K.S., Ma.N., Mi.N.); and WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa, Japan (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.)
| | - Tatsuki Fukami
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan (S.T., T.F., H.I., K.S., Ma.N., Mi.N.); and WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa, Japan (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.)
| | - Hiroyuki Ichida
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan (S.T., T.F., H.I., K.S., Ma.N., Mi.N.); and WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa, Japan (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.)
| | - Kohei Suzuki
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan (S.T., T.F., H.I., K.S., Ma.N., Mi.N.); and WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa, Japan (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.)
| | - Masataka Nakano
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan (S.T., T.F., H.I., K.S., Ma.N., Mi.N.); and WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa, Japan (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.)
| | - Miki Nakajima
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan (S.T., T.F., H.I., K.S., Ma.N., Mi.N.); and WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa, Japan (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.)
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7
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Boeno FP, Patel J, Montalvo RN, Lapierre-Nguyen SS, Schreiber CM, Smuder AJ. Effects of Exercise Preconditioning on Doxorubicin-Induced Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Male and Female Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10222. [PMID: 37373368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly effective chemotherapy agent prescribed for cancer treatment. However, the clinical use of DOX is limited due to off-target toxicity in healthy tissues. In this regard, hepatic and renal metabolic clearance results in DOX accumulation within these organ systems. Within the liver and kidneys, DOX causes inflammation and oxidative stress, which promotes cytotoxic cellular signaling. While there is currently no standard of care to treat DOX hepatic- and nephrotoxicity, endurance exercise preconditioning may be an effective intervention to prevent elevations in liver alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and to improve kidney creatinine clearance. To determine whether exercise preconditioning is sufficient to reduce liver and kidney toxicity resulting from acute exposure to DOX chemotherapy treatment, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats remained sedentary or were exercise trained prior to saline or DOX exposure. Our findings demonstrate that DOX treatment elevated AST and AST/ALT in male rats, with no effects of exercise preconditioning to prevent these increases. We also showed increased plasma markers of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation and urine markers of proteinuria and proximal tubule damage, with male rats revealing greater differences compared to females. Exercise preconditioning showed improved urine creatinine clearance and reduced cystatin c in males, while females had reduced plasma angiotensin II (AngII) levels. Our results demonstrate both tissue- and sex-specific responses related to the effects of exercise preconditioning and DOX treatment on markers of liver and kidney toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franccesco P Boeno
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Jay Patel
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Ryan N Montalvo
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | | | - Claire M Schreiber
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Ashley J Smuder
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
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8
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Ichida H, Fukami T, Amai K, Suzuki K, Mishiro K, Takano S, Obuchi W, Zhang Z, Watanabe A, Nakano M, Watanabe K, Nakajima M. Quantitative Evaluation of the Contribution of Each Aldo-Keto Reductase and Short-Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase Isoform to Reduction Reactions of Compounds Containing a Ketone Group in the Human Liver. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:17-28. [PMID: 36310032 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.001037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamilies are involved in the reduction of compounds containing a ketone group. In most cases, multiple isoforms appear to be involved in the reduction of a compound, and the enzyme(s) that are responsible for the reaction in the human liver have not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each isoform to reduction reactions in the human liver. Recombinant cytosolic isoforms were constructed, i.e., AKR1C1, AKR1C2, AKR1C3, AKR1C4, and carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1), and a microsomal isoform, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD11B1), and their contributions to the reduction of 10 compounds were examined by extrapolating the relative expression of each reductase protein in human liver preparations to recombinant systems quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The reductase activities for acetohexamide, doxorubicin, haloperidol, loxoprofen, naloxone, oxcarbazepine, and pentoxifylline were predominantly catalyzed by cytosolic isoforms, and the sum of the contributions of individual cytosolic reductases was almost 100%. Interestingly, AKR1C3 showed the highest contribution to acetohexamide and loxoprofen reduction, although previous studies have revealed that CBR1 mainly metabolizes them. The reductase activities of bupropion, ketoprofen, and tolperisone were catalyzed by microsomal isoform(s), and the contributions of HSD11B1 were calculated to be 41%, 32%, and 104%, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each reductase to the reduction of drugs in the human liver. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: To our knowledge, this is the first study to determine the contribution of aldo-keto reductase (AKR)-1C1, AKR1C2, AKR1C3, AKR1C4, carbonyl reductase 1, and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 to drug reductions in the human liver by utilizing the relative expression factor approach. This study found that AKR1C3 contributes to the reduction of compounds at higher-than-expected rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ichida
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Tatsuki Fukami
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Keito Amai
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Kohei Suzuki
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Kenji Mishiro
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Shiori Takano
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Wataru Obuchi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Akiko Watanabe
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Masataka Nakano
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Kengo Watanabe
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
| | - Miki Nakajima
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (H.I., T.F., K.A., K.S., S.T., Ma.N., Mi.N.), WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) (T.F., Ma.N., Mi.N.), and Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (K.M.), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (W.O., Z.Z., A.W., K.W.)
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9
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Reis-Mendes A, Carvalho F, Remião F, Sousa E, de Lourdes Bastos M, Costa VM. Autophagy (but not metabolism) is a key event in mitoxantrone-induced cytotoxicity in differentiated AC16 cardiac cells. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:201-216. [PMID: 36216988 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitoxantrone (MTX) is an antineoplastic agent used to treat advanced breast cancer, prostate cancer, acute leukemia, lymphoma and multiple sclerosis. Although it is known to cause cumulative dose-related cardiotoxicity, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. This study aims to compare the cardiotoxicity of MTX and its' pharmacologically active metabolite naphthoquinoxaline (NAPHT) in an in vitro cardiac model, human-differentiated AC16 cells, and determine the role of metabolism in the cardiotoxic effects. Concentration-dependent cytotoxicity was observed after MTX exposure, affecting mitochondrial function and lysosome uptake. On the other hand, the metabolite NAPHT only caused concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in the MTT reduction assay. When assessing the effect of different inhibitors/inducers of metabolism, it was observed that metyrapone (a cytochrome P450 inhibitor) and phenobarbital (a cytochrome P450 inducer) slightly increased MTX cytotoxicity, while 1-aminobenzotriazole (a suicide cytochrome P450 inhibitor) decreased fairly the MTX-triggered cytotoxicity in differentiated AC16 cells. When focusing in autophagy, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine exacerbated the cytotoxicity caused by MTX and NAPHT, while the autophagy blocker, chloroquine, partially reduced the cytotoxicity of MTX. In addition, we observed a decrease in p62, beclin-1, and ATG5 levels and an increase in LC3-II levels in MTX-incubated cells. In conclusion, in our in vitro model, neither metabolism nor exogenously given NAPHT are major contributors to MTX toxicity as seen by the residual influence of metabolism modulators used on the observed cytotoxicity and by NAPHT's low cytotoxicity profile. Conversely, autophagy is involved in MTX-induced cytotoxicity and MTX seems to act as an autophagy inducer, possibly through p62/LC3-II involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reis-Mendes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lourdes Bastos
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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10
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pH-responsive sustained delivery of doxorubicin using aminated and PEGylated mesoporous silica nanoparticles leads to enhanced antitumor efficacy in pre-clinical orthotopic breast cancer model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Jones IC, Dass CR. Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: causative factors and possible interventions. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1677-1688. [PMID: 35994421 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Doxorubicin (Dox) belongs to the anthracycline drug classification and is a widely administered chemotherapeutic. However, Dox use in therapy is limited by its cardiotoxicity, representing a significant drawback of Dox treatment applicability. A large amount of current research is on reducing Dox-induced cardiotoxicity by developing targeted delivery systems and investigating cardiotoxicity mechanisms. Recently, discrepancies have challenged the traditional understanding of Dox metabolism, mechanisms of action and cardiotoxicity drivers. This review summarises the current knowledge around Dox's metabolism, mechanisms of anticancer activity, and delivery systems and offers a unique perspective on the relationships between several proposed mechanisms of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. KEY FINDINGS While there is a strong understanding of Dox's pharmacokinetic properties, it is unclear which enzymes contribute to Dox metabolism and how Dox induces its cytotoxic effect in neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells. Evidence suggests that there are several potentially synergistic mechanisms involved in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. SUMMARY It has become clear that Dox operates in a multifactorial fashion dependent on cellular context. Accumulation of oxidative stress appears to be a common factor in cardiotoxicity mechanisms, highlighting the importance of novel delivery systems and antioxidant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isobel C Jones
- Curtin Medical School, Bentley 6102, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Crispin R Dass
- Curtin Medical School, Bentley 6102, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia
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12
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Yang L, Zheng S, Kong D, Xiang S, Wu J, Wan N, Sun W, Li W. Characterization, expression, and function analysis of AKR1A1 gene from yellow catfish (Tachysurus fulvidraco). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:285-302. [PMID: 35113310 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde reductase (AKR1A1) is a carbonyl detoxification protein in toxic aldehyde removal. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of yellow catfish AKR1A1 (TfAKR1A1) was cloned. As expected, yellow catfish AKR1A1 showed similarities with that of other species. Subsequently, prokaryotic expression vector was constructed and recombinant TfAKR1A1 (rTfAKR1A1) was successfully induced and purified. rTfAKR1A1 exhibited reductive activity to many aldehydes and ketones. To determine whether TfAKR1A1 could confer stress tolerance in vitro, the viability of control and TfAKR1A1 expression E. coli under abiotic stress was compared by spot assay. Results showed that the recombinant strain had better stress resistance under cadmium, hydrogen peroxide, and DL-glyceraldehyde stress. Then, effects of an intraperitoneal injection of rTfAKR1A1 protein on cadmium-induced oxidative stress were evaluated. Results displayed that TfAKR1A1 and Nrf2 expression levels were significantly decreased, CAT and SOD expression levels were significantly increased, BCL-2 and IL-10 expression levels were significantly increased, and caspase3a, NF-κB, and IL-1β expression levels were significantly decreased in protein-injection group. Furthermore, oxidative stress indexes in livers under different protein injection doses were examined by ELISA. Results showed that CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px activities were upregulated, ROS and T-AOC contents were also improved, while MDA content was significantly decreased both in lower and middle dose injection groups. Finally, liver pathological section analysis was performed. Results displayed that liver injury degree in protein-injected groups was lower than that of PBS group under cadmium stress. These results suggested that TfAKR1A1 played important roles in response to cadmium stress in yellow catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, 434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, 434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, 434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghan Xiang
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, 434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfen Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, 434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Neng Wan
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, 434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, 434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 266, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, 434025, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Hasan HF, Galal SM, Ellethy RA. Mitigative impact of bradykinin potentiating factor isolated from Androctonus amorexi scorpion venom and low doses of γ-irradiation on doxorubicin induced hepatotoxicity through Ang II/AMPK crosstalk. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:518-529. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2049941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Farouk Hasan
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen Mohamed Galal
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania A Ellethy
- Chemistry department, faculty of science, Helwan university, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Pouncey DL, Barnette DA, Sinnott RW, Phillips SJ, Flynn NR, Hendrickson HP, Swamidass SJ, Miller GP. Discovery of Novel Reductive Elimination Pathway for 10-Hydroxywarfarin. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:805133. [PMID: 35095511 PMCID: PMC8793337 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.805133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumadin (R/S-warfarin) anticoagulant therapy is highly efficacious in preventing the formation of blood clots; however, significant inter-individual variations in response risks over or under dosing resulting in adverse bleeding events or ineffective therapy, respectively. Levels of pharmacologically active forms of the drug and metabolites depend on a diversity of metabolic pathways. Cytochromes P450 play a major role in oxidizing R- and S-warfarin to 6-, 7-, 8-, 10-, and 4′-hydroxywarfarin, and warfarin alcohols form through a minor metabolic pathway involving reduction at the C11 position. We hypothesized that due to structural similarities with warfarin, hydroxywarfarins undergo reduction, possibly impacting their pharmacological activity and elimination. We modeled reduction reactions and carried out experimental steady-state reactions with human liver cytosol for conversion of rac-6-, 7-, 8-, 4′-hydroxywarfarin and 10-hydroxywarfarin isomers to the corresponding alcohols. The modeling correctly predicted the more efficient reduction of 10-hydroxywarfarin over warfarin but not the order of the remaining hydroxywarfarins. Experimental studies did not indicate any clear trends in the reduction for rac-hydroxywarfarins or 10-hydroxywarfarin into alcohol 1 and 2. The collective findings indicated the location of the hydroxyl group significantly impacted reduction selectivity among the hydroxywarfarins, as well as the specificity for the resulting metabolites. Based on studies with R- and S-7-hydroxywarfarin, we predicted that all hydroxywarfarin reductions are enantioselective toward R substrates and enantiospecific for S alcohol metabolites. CBR1 and to a lesser extent AKR1C3 reductases are responsible for those reactions. Due to the inefficiency of reactions, only reduction of 10-hydroxywarfarin is likely to be important in clearance of the metabolite. This pathway for 10-hydroxywarfarin may have clinical relevance as well given its anticoagulant activity and capacity to inhibit S-warfarin metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota L Pouncey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Dustyn A Barnette
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Riley W Sinnott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Sarah J Phillips
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Noah R Flynn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Howard P Hendrickson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Social and Administrative Sciences, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - S Joshua Swamidass
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Grover P Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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15
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Westermann M, Adomako-Bonsu AG, Thiele S, Çiçek SS, Martin HJ, Maser E. Inhibition of human carbonyl reducing enzymes by plant anthrone and anthraquinone derivatives. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109823. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Fukami T, Yokoi T, Nakajima M. Non-P450 Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes: Contribution to Drug Disposition, Toxicity, and Development. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 62:405-425. [PMID: 34499522 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-105907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Most clinically used drugs are metabolized in the body via oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis reactions, which are considered phase I reactions. Cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes, which primarily catalyze oxidation reactions, contribute to the metabolism of over 50% of clinically used drugs. In the last few decades, the function and regulation of P450s have been extensively studied, whereas the characterization of non-P450 phase I enzymes is still incomplete. Recent studies suggest that approximately 30% of drug metabolism is carried out by non-P450 enzymes. This review summarizes current knowledge of non-P450 phase I enzymes, focusing on their roles in controlling drug efficacy and adverse reactions as an important aspect of drug development. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Volume 62 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Fukami
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Tsuyoshi Yokoi
- Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Miki Nakajima
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
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17
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Zhu P, Qian J, Xu Z, Meng C, Zhu W, Ran F, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Ling Y. Overview of piperlongumine analogues and their therapeutic potential. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113471. [PMID: 33930801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have long been an important source for discovery of new drugs to treat human diseases. Piperlongumine (PL) is an amide alkaloid isolated from Piper longum L. (long piper) and other piper plants and has received widespread attention because of its diverse biological activities. A large number of PL derivatives have been designed, synthesized and assessed in many pharmacological functions, including antiplatelet aggregation, neuroprotective activities, anti-diabetic activities, anti-inflammatory activities, anti-senolytic activities, immune activities, and antitumor activities. Among them, the anti-tumor effects and application of PL and its derivatives are most extensively studied. We herein summarize the development of PL derivatives, the structure and activity relationships (SARs), and their therapeutic potential on the treatments of various diseases, especially against cancer. We also discussed the challenges and future directions associated with PL and its derivatives in these indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Weizhong Zhu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Fansheng Ran
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Yong Ling
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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18
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Renu K, Pureti LP, Vellingiri B, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Toxic effects and molecular mechanism of doxorubicin on different organs – an update. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1912099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaviyarasi Renu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - Lakshmi Prasanna Pureti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
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19
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Li H, Yuan H, Middleton A, Li J, Nicol B, Carmichael P, Guo J, Peng S, Zhang Q. Next generation risk assessment (NGRA): Bridging in vitro points-of-departure to human safety assessment using physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) modelling - A case study of doxorubicin with dose metrics considerations. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 74:105171. [PMID: 33848589 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Using the chemical doxorubicin (DOX), the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dose metrics selection in the new approach method of integrating physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) modelling and relevant human cell-based assays to inform a priori the point of departure for human health risk. We reviewed the literature on the clinical consequences of DOX treatment to identify dosing scenarios with no or mild cardiotoxicity observed. Key concentrations of DOX that induced cardiomyocyte toxicity in vitro were derived from studies of our own and others. A human population-based PBK model of DOX was developed and verified against pharmacokinetic data. The model was then used to predict plasma and extracellular and intracellular heart concentrations of DOX under selected clinical settings and compared with in vitro outcomes, based on several dose metrics: Cmax (maximum concentration) or AUC (area under concentration-time curve) in free or total form of DOX. We found when using in vitro assays to predict cardiotoxicity for DOX, AUC is a better indicator. Our study illustrates that when appropriate dose metrics are used, it is possible to combine PBK modelling with in vitro-derived toxicity information to define margins of safety and predict low-risk human exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hequn Li
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Haitao Yuan
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Alistair Middleton
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Jin Li
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Beate Nicol
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Paul Carmichael
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Jiabin Guo
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Shuangqing Peng
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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20
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Sritharan S, Sivalingam N. A comprehensive review on time-tested anticancer drug doxorubicin. Life Sci 2021; 278:119527. [PMID: 33887349 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin or Adriamycin, is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic drug for treating a myriad of cancers. It induces cell death through multiple intracellular targets: reactive oxygen species generation, DNA-adduct formation, topoisomerase II inhibition, histone eviction, Ca2+ and iron hemostasis regulation, and ceramide overproduction. Moreover, doxorubicin-treated dying cells undergo cellular modifications that enable neighboring dendritic cell activation and enhanced presentation of tumor antigen. In addition, doxorubicin also aids in the immune-mediated clearance of tumor cells. However, the development of chemoresistance and cardiotoxicity side effect has undermined its widespread applicability. Several formulations of doxorubicin and co-treatments with inhibitors, miRNAs, natural compounds and other chemotherapeutic drugs have been essential in reducing its dosage-dependent toxicity and combating the development of resistance. Further, more advanced research into the molecular mechanism of chemoresistance development would be vital in improving the overall survivability of clinical patients and in preventing cancer relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Sritharan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nageswaran Sivalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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21
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Owumi SE, Lewu DO, Arunsi UO, Oyelere AK. Luteolin attenuates doxorubicin-induced derangements of liver and kidney by reducing oxidative and inflammatory stress to suppress apoptosis. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1656-1672. [PMID: 33827303 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211006171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is an effective anti-neoplastic agent; the reported toxicities of DOX limit its use. Luteolin is a polyphenolic phytochemical that exhibits beneficial biological effects via several mechanisms. We investigate luteolin protective effects on hepatorenal toxicity associated with doxorubicin treatment in rats. For 2 weeks, randomly assigned rat cohorts were treated as follows: control, luteolin (100 mg/kg; per os), doxorubicin alone (2mg/kg; by intraperitoneal injection), co-treated cohorts received luteolin (50 and 100 mg/kg) in addition to doxorubicin. Treatment with doxorubicin alone significantly (p < 0.05) increased biomarkers of hepatorenal toxicities in the serum. Doxorubicin also reduced relative organ weights, antioxidant capacity, and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukine-10. Doxorubicin also increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory-interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α-cytokine, and apoptotic caspases-3 and -9). Morphological damage accompanied these biochemical alterations in the rat's liver and kidney treated with doxorubicin alone. Luteolin co-treatment dose-dependently abated doxorubicin-mediated toxic responses, improved antioxidant capacity and interleukine-10 level. Luteolin reduced (p < 0.05) lipid peroxidation, caspases-3 and -9 activities and marginally improved rats' survivability. Similarly, luteolin co-treated rats exhibited improvement in hepatorenal pathological lesions observed in rats treated with doxorubicin alone. In summary, luteolin co-treatment blocked doxorubicin-mediated hepatorenal injuries linked with pro-oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic mechanisms. Therefore, luteolin can act as a chemoprotective agent in abating toxicities associated with doxorubicin usage and improve its therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, 113092College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - D O Lewu
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, 113092College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - U O Arunsi
- School of Medicine, Cancer Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - A K Oyelere
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, 1372Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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22
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Piska K, Jamrozik M, Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk P, Bucki A, Żmudzki P, Kołaczkowski M, Pękala E. Carbonyl reduction pathway in hepatic in vitro metabolism of anthracyclines: Impact of structure on biotransformation rate. Toxicol Lett 2021; 342:50-57. [PMID: 33581289 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carbonyl reduction biotransformation pathway of anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin) is a significant process, associated with drug metabolism and elimination. However, it also plays a pivotal role in anthracyclines-induced cardiotoxicity and cancer resistance. Herein, carbonyl reduction of eight anthracyclines, at in vivo relevant concentrations (20 μM), was studied in human liver cytosol, to describe the relationship between their structure and metabolism. Significant differences of intrinsic clearance between anthracyclines, ranging from 0,62-74,9 μL/min/mg were found and associated with data from in silico analyses, considering their binding in active sites of the main anthracyclines-reducing enzymes: carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) and aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3). Partial atomic charges of carbonyl oxygen atom were also determined and considered as a factor associated with reaction rate. Structural features, including presence or absence of side-chain hydroxy group, a configuration of sugar chain hydroxy group, and tetracyclic rings substitution, affecting anthracyclines susceptibility for carbonyl reduction were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-638, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marek Jamrozik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-638, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-638, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Bucki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-638, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Żmudzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-638, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-638, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-638, Kraków, Poland
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23
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Carrasco R, Castillo RL, Gormaz JG, Carrillo M, Thavendiranathan P. Role of Oxidative Stress in the Mechanisms of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Effects of Preventive Strategies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8863789. [PMID: 33574985 PMCID: PMC7857913 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8863789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) persists as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. Although many protective strategies have been evaluated, cardiotoxicity remains an ongoing threat. The mechanisms of AIC remain unclear; however, several pathways have been proposed, suggesting a multifactorial origin. When the central role of topoisomerase 2β in the pathophysiology of AIC was described some years ago, the classical reactive oxygen species (ROS) hypothesis shifted to a secondary position. However, new insights have reemphasized the importance of the role of oxidative stress-mediated signaling as a common pathway and a critical modulator of the different mechanisms involved in AIC. A better understanding of the mechanisms of cardiotoxicity is crucial for the development of treatment strategies. It has been suggested that the available therapeutic interventions for AIC could act on the modulation of oxidative balance, leading to a reduction in oxidative stress injury. These indirect antioxidant effects make them an option for the primary prevention of AIC. In this review, our objective is to provide an update of the accumulated knowledge on the role of oxidative stress in AIC and the modulation of the redox balance by potential preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Carrasco
- Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rodrigo L. Castillo
- Medicine Department, East Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile. Santiago, Chile; Critical Care Patient Unit, Hospital Salvador, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan G. Gormaz
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Montserrat Carrillo
- Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan
- Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Timm KN, Ball V, Miller JJ, Savic D, West JA, Griffin JL, Tyler DJ. Metabolic Effects of Doxorubicin on the Rat Liver Assessed With Hyperpolarized MRI and Metabolomics. Front Physiol 2021; 12:782745. [PMID: 35069242 PMCID: PMC8766499 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.782745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a successful chemotherapeutic widely used for the treatment of a range of cancers. However, DOX can have serious side-effects, with cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity being the most common events. Oxidative stress and changes in metabolism and bioenergetics are thought to be at the core of these toxicities. We have previously shown in a clinically-relevant rat model that a low DOX dose of 2 mg kg-1 week-1 for 6 weeks does not lead to cardiac functional decline or changes in cardiac carbohydrate metabolism, assessed with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). We now set out to assess whether there are any signs of liver damage or altered liver metabolism using this subclinical model. We found no increase in plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, a measure of liver damage, following DOX treatment in rats at any time point. We also saw no changes in liver carbohydrate metabolism, using hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate MRS. However, using metabolomic analysis of liver metabolite extracts at the final time point, we found an increase in most acyl-carnitine species as well as increases in high energy phosphates, citrate and markers of oxidative stress. This may indicate early signs of steatohepatitis, with increased and decompensated fatty acid uptake and oxidation, leading to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin N. Timm
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Kerstin N. Timm,
| | - Vicky Ball
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack J. Miller
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- The MR Research Center, The PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dragana Savic
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James A. West
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Julian L. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Damian J. Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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25
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Sallustio BC, Boddy AV. Is there scope for better individualisation of anthracycline cancer chemotherapy? Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 87:295-305. [PMID: 33118175 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines are used to treat solid and haematological cancers, particularly breast cancers, lymphomas and childhood cancers. Myelosuppression and cardiotoxicity are the primary toxicities that limit treatment duration and/or intensity. Cardiotoxicity, particularly heart failure, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. Cumulative anthracycline dose is a significant predictor of cardiotoxicity risk, suggesting a role for anthracycline pharmacokinetic variability. Population pharmacokinetic modelling in children has shown that doxorubicin clearance in the very young is significantly lower than in older children, potentially contributing to their higher risk of cardiotoxicity. A model of doxorubicin clearance based on body surface area and age offers a patient-centred dose-adjustment strategy that may replace the current disparate initial-dose selection tools, providing a rational way to compensate for pharmacokinetic variability in children aged <7 years. Population pharmacokinetic models in adults have not adequately addressed older ages, obesity, hepatic and renal dysfunction, and potential drug-drug interactions to enable clinical application. Although candidate gene and genome-wide association studies have investigated relationships between genetic variability and anthracycline pharmacokinetics or clinical outcomes, there have been few clinically significant reproducible associations. Precision-dosing of anthracyclines is currently hindered by lack of clinically useful pharmacokinetic targets and models that predict cumulative anthracycline exposures. Combined with known risk factors for cardiotoxicity, the use of advanced echocardiography and biomarkers, future validated pharmacokinetic targets and predictive models could facilitate anthracycline precision dosing that truly maximises efficacy and provides individualised early intervention with cardioprotective therapies in patients at risk of cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta C Sallustio
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, SA, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alan V Boddy
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences and UniSA Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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26
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Bioanalysis of doxorubicin aglycone metabolites in human plasma samples-implications for doxorubicin drug monitoring. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18562. [PMID: 33122763 PMCID: PMC7596548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread clinical use of the cytostatic doxorubicin together with the induction of chronic cardiomyopathy necessitates the conduct of further pharmacokinetic trials. Novel analytical technologies suitable for point-of-care applications can facilitate drug level analyses but might be prone to interferences from structurally similar compounds. Besides the alcohol metabolite doxorubicinol, aglycone metabolites of doxorubicin might affect its determination in plasma. To evaluate their analytical relevance, a validated HPLC method for the quantification of doxorubicin, doxorubicinol and four aglycones was used. The degradation pattern of doxorubicin in plasma under long-term storage was analysed with respect to the formation of aglycone products. In addition, overall 50 clinical samples obtained within the EPOC-MS-001-Doxo trial were analysed. Substantial degradation of doxorubicin in plasma occurred within a storage period of one year, but this did not lead to the formation of aglycones. In clinical samples, 7-deoxydoxorubicinolone was the major aglycone detectable in 35/50 samples and a concentration range of 1.0–12.7 µg L−1. If at all, the other aglycones were only determined in very low concentrations. Therefore, analytical interferences from aglycones seem to be unlikely with the exception of 7-deoxydoxorubicinolone whose concentration accounted for up to 65% of the doxorubicin concentration in the clinical samples analysed.
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27
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Olaparib Synergizes the Anticancer Activity of Daunorubicin via Interaction with AKR1C3. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113127. [PMID: 33114555 PMCID: PMC7693014 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sample summary Anthracyclines (ANT) are anti-tumor agents frequently used for the treatment of various cancers. Unfortunately, their clinical success is overshadowed by the emergence of drug resistance. Metabolism by carbonyl reducing enzymes (CREs) represents a critical mechanism of ANT resistance. Here, we have explored possible interactions of CREs with olaparib, an FDA-approved targeted chemotherapeutic. Although olaparib has been demonstrated to potentiate the antiproliferative effect of ANT in experimental models, the causing mechanisms remain unclear. In our study, we demonstrated that olaparib potently inhibits the AKR1C3 reductase at clinically relevant concentrations. Furthermore, we showed that this interaction mediates the reversal of ANT resistance and thus represents a critical mechanism of the synergy between ANT and olaparib. Our observations represent valuable knowledge that could be transformed into the more effective therapy of AKR1C3-expressing tumors. Abstract Olaparib is a potent poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor currently used in targeted therapy for treating cancer cells with BRCA mutations. Here we investigate the possible interference of olaparib with daunorubicin (Daun) metabolism, mediated by carbonyl-reducing enzymes (CREs), which play a significant role in the resistance of cancer cells to anthracyclines. Incubation experiments with the most active recombinant CREs showed that olaparib is a potent inhibitor of the aldo–keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) enzyme. Subsequent inhibitory assays in the AKR1C3-overexpressing cellular model transfected human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells, demonstrating that olaparib significantly inhibits AKR1C3 at the intracellular level. Consequently, molecular docking studies have supported these findings and identified the possible molecular background of the interaction. Drug combination experiments in HCT116, human liver carcinoma HepG2, and leukemic KG1α cell lines showed that this observed interaction can be exploited for the synergistic enhancement of Daun’s antiproliferative effect. Finally, we showed that olaparib had no significant effect on the mRNA expression of AKR1C3 in HepG2 and KG1α cells. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that olaparib interferes with anthracycline metabolism, and suggest that this phenomenon might be utilized for combating anthracycline resistance.
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28
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Elzagallaai AA, Carleton BC, Rieder MJ. Pharmacogenomics in Pediatric Oncology: Mitigating Adverse Drug Reactions While Preserving Efficacy. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 61:679-699. [PMID: 32976737 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-031320-104151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death in American children older than 1 year of age. Major developments in drugs such as thiopurines and optimization in clinical trial protocols for treating cancer in children have led to a remarkable improvement in survival, from approximately 30% in the 1960s to more than 80% today. Short-term and long-term adverse effects of chemotherapy still affect most survivors of childhood cancer. Pharmacogenetics plays a major role in predicting the safety of cancer chemotherapy and, in the future, its effectiveness. Treatment failure in childhood cancer-due to either serious adverse effects that limit therapy or the failure of conventional dosing to induce remission-warrants development of new strategies for treatment. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the pharmacogenomics of cancer drug treatment in children and of statistically and clinically relevant drug-gene associations and the mechanistic understandings that underscore their therapeutic value in the treatment of childhood cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbaset A Elzagallaai
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3M7, Canada;
| | - Bruce C Carleton
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Pharmaceutical Outcomes Programme, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Michael J Rieder
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3M7, Canada;
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29
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Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression levels of aldo-keto reductase and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase isoforms in human livers. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 35:539-547. [PMID: 33036882 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamilies are responsible for the reduction in compounds containing the aldehyde, ketone, and quinone groups. In humans, 12 AKR isoforms (AKR1A1, AKR1B1, AKR1B10, AKR1B15, AKR1C1, AKR1C2, AKR1C3, AKR1C4, AKR1D1, AKR1E2, AKR7A2, and AKR7A3) and 6 SDR isoforms (CBR1, CBR3, CBR4, HSD11B1, DHRS4, and DCXR) have been found to catalyze the reduction in xenobiotics, but their hepatic expression levels are unclear. The purpose of this study is to determine the absolute mRNA expression levels of these 18 isoforms in the human liver. In 22 human livers, all isoforms, except for AKR1B15, are expressed, and AKR1C2 (on average 1.6 × 106 copy/μg total RNA), AKR1C3 (1.3 × 106), AKR1C1 (1.3 × 106), CBR1 (9.7 × 105), and HSD11B1 (1.1 × 106) are abundant, representing 67% of the total expression of reductases in the liver. The expression levels of AKR1C2, AKR1C3, AKR1C1, CBR1, and HSD11B1 are significantly correlated with each other, except between AKR1C2 and CBR1, suggesting that they might be regulated by common factor(s). In conclusion, this study comprehensively determined the absolute expression of mRNA expression of each AKR and SDR isoform in the human liver.
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Khazeem MM, Cowell IG, Harkin LF, Casement JW, Austin CA. Transcription of carbonyl reductase 1 is regulated by DNA topoisomerase II beta. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3395-3405. [PMID: 32767399 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase II beta (TOP2B) has a role in transcriptional regulation. Here, to further investigate transcriptional regulation by TOP2B, we used RNA-sequencing and real-time PCR to analyse the differential gene expression profiles of wild-type and two independent TOP2B-null pre-B Nalm-6 cell lines, one generated by targeted insertion and the other using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. We identified carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) among the most significantly downregulated genes in these TOP2B-null cells. Reduced CBR1 expression was accompanied by loss of binding of the transcription factors USF2 and MAX to the CBR1 promoter. We describe possible mechanisms by which loss of TOP2B results in CBR1 downregulation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a link between TOP2B and CBR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq M Khazeem
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ian G Cowell
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lauren F Harkin
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John W Casement
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Caroline A Austin
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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31
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Gaba RC, Elkhadragy L, Boas FE, Chaki S, Chen HH, El-Kebir M, Garcia KD, Giurini EF, Guzman G, LoBianco FV, Neto MF, Newson JL, Qazi A, Regan M, Rund LA, Schwind RM, Stewart MC, Thomas FM, Whiteley HE, Wu J, Schook LB, Schachtschneider KM. Development and comprehensive characterization of porcine hepatocellular carcinoma for translational liver cancer investigation. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2686-2701. [PMID: 32733642 PMCID: PMC7367657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. New animal models that faithfully recapitulate human HCC phenotypes are required to address unmet clinical needs and advance standard-of-care therapeutics. This study utilized the Oncopig Cancer Model to develop a translational porcine HCC model which can serve as a bridge between murine studies and human clinical practice. Reliable development of Oncopig HCC cell lines was demonstrated through hepatocyte isolation and Cre recombinase exposure across 15 Oncopigs. Oncopig and human HCC cell lines displayed similar cell cycle lengths, alpha-fetoprotein production, arginase-1 staining, chemosusceptibility, and drug metabolizing enzyme expression. The ability of Oncopig HCC cells to consistently produce tumors in vivo was confirmed via subcutaneous (SQ) injection into immunodeficient mice and Oncopigs. Reproducible development of intrahepatic tumors in an alcohol-induced fibrotic microenvironment was achieved via engraftment of SQ tumors into fibrotic Oncopig livers. Whole-genome sequencing demontrated intrahepatic tumor tissue resembled human HCC at the genomic level. Finally, Oncopig HCC cells are amenable to gene editing for development of personalized HCC tumors. This study provides a novel, clinically-relevant porcine HCC model which holds great promise for improving HCC outcomes through testing of novel therapeutic approaches to accelerate and enhance clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron C Gaba
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lobna Elkhadragy
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - F Edward Boas
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sulalita Chaki
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hanna H Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mohammed El-Kebir
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kelly D Garcia
- Biological Resources Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eileena F Giurini
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grace Guzman
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francesca V LoBianco
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Mario F Neto
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jordan L Newson
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aisha Qazi
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Maureen Regan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauretta A Rund
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Regina M Schwind
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew C Stewart
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Faith M Thomas
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Herbert E Whiteley
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lawrence B Schook
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kyle M Schachtschneider
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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32
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Sorf A, Sucha S, Morell A, Novotna E, Staud F, Zavrelova A, Visek B, Wsol V, Ceckova M. Targeting Pharmacokinetic Drug Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells with CDK4/6 Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061596. [PMID: 32560251 PMCID: PMC7352292 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains challenging, and the disease has one of the lowest curability rates among hematological malignancies. The therapy outcomes are often compromised by the existence of a resistant AML phenotype associated with overexpression of ABCB1 and ABCG2 transporters. Because AML induction therapy frequently consists of anthracycline-like drugs, their efficiency may also be diminished by drug biotransformation via carbonyl reducing enzymes (CRE). In this study, we investigated the modulatory potential of the CDK4/6 inhibitors abemaciclib, palbociclib, and ribociclib on AML resistance using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from patients with de novo diagnosed AML. We first confirmed inhibitory effect of the tested drugs on ABCB1 and ABCG2 in ABC transporter-expressing resistant HL-60 cells while also showing the ability to sensitize the cells to cytotoxic drugs even as no effect on AML-relevant CRE isoforms was observed. All tested CDK4/6 inhibitors elevated mitoxantrone accumulations in CD34+ PBMC and enhanced accumulation of mitoxantrone was found with abemaciclib and ribociclib in PBMC of FLT3-ITD- patients. Importantly, the accumulation rate in the presence of CDK4/6 inhibitors positively correlated with ABCB1 expression in CD34+ patients and led to enhanced apoptosis of PBMC in contrast to CD34− samples. In summary, combination therapy involving CDK4/6 inhibitors could favorably target multidrug resistance, especially when personalized based on CD34− and ABCB1-related markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Sorf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.S.); (S.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Simona Sucha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.S.); (S.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Anselm Morell
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (E.N.); (V.W.)
| | - Eva Novotna
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (E.N.); (V.W.)
| | - Frantisek Staud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.S.); (S.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Alzbeta Zavrelova
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine—Hematology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.Z.); (B.V.)
| | - Benjamin Visek
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine—Hematology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.Z.); (B.V.)
| | - Vladimir Wsol
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (E.N.); (V.W.)
| | - Martina Ceckova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.S.); (S.S.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-495067218; Fax: +420-495-067-170
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Biringer RG. The enzymology of the human prostanoid pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4569-4586. [PMID: 32430846 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostanoids are short-lived autocrine and paracrine signaling molecules involved in a wide range of biological functions. They have been shown to be intimately involved in many different disease states when their regulation becomes dysfunctional. In order to fully understand the progression of any disease state or the biological functions of the well state, a complete evaluation of the genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics of the system is necessary. This review is focused on the enzymology for the enzymes involved in the synthesis of the prostanoids (prostaglandins, prostacyclins and thromboxanes). In particular, the isolation and purification of the enzymes, their enzymatic parameters and catalytic mechanisms are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Gregory Biringer
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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34
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Pan J, Lu Y, Zhang S, Li Y, Sun J, Liu HC, Gong Z, Huang J, Cao C, Wang Y, Li Y, Liu T. Differential changes in the pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin in diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinoma model rats. Xenobiotica 2020; 50:1251-1257. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1765049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guizhou Medical University, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yueting Li
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua Chunhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zipeng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chuang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yonglin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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35
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Cotteret C, Pham YV, Marcais A, Driessen M, Cisternino S, Schlatter J. Maternal ABVD chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma in a dichorionic diamniotic pregnancy: a case report. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:231. [PMID: 32306909 PMCID: PMC7168968 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-02928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is the most common hematological malignancy during pregnancy. The first-line treatment for HL in pregnancy is the standard ABVD regimen without any drug and/or dose adjustment. However, data on chemotherapy during twin pregnancies are sparse, and a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in exposure to and the toxic effects of anticancer drugs in the fetuses is needed. Case presentation A 41-year-old dichorionic diamniotic pregnant patient was given ABVD treatment for HL at a gestational age of 28 weeks and 3 days. The patient received 2 cycles of chemotherapy with a 15-day therapeutic window including an actual 25 mg/m2 dose of doxorubicin per cycle. Unlike the female twin, the male twin presented four days after birth a left cardiac dysfunction. Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in the male newborn was also supported by high blood levels of troponin. At one month of age, echocardiography findings were normal. We investigated literature data on physiological aspects of pregnancy that may influence doxorubicin pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic data on the use of doxorubicin in pregnancy. We detailed the role of the transporters in doxorubicin placenta distribution, and tried to understand why only one fetus was affected. Conclusions Fetal safety depends at least on maternal doxorubicin pharmacokinetics.Because of drug interactions (i.e. drug metabolism and drug transport), care should always be taken to avoid maternal pharmacokinetic variability. The toxic effects were discrepant between the dizygotic twins, suggesting additional fetus-specific pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic factors in doxorubicin toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Cotteret
- Hôpital universitaire Necker - Enfants malades, Pharmacie, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Yen-Vi Pham
- Hôpital universitaire Necker - Enfants malades, Pharmacie, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Ambroise Marcais
- Hôpital universitaire Necker - Enfants malades, Hématologie adultes, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Marine Driessen
- Hôpital universitaire Necker - Enfants malades, gynécologie-obstétrique, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Salvatore Cisternino
- Hôpital universitaire Necker - Enfants malades, Pharmacie, F-75015, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S 1144, Team "Blood-brain barrier in brain pathophysiology and therapy", Université Paris Descartes, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Joël Schlatter
- Hôpital universitaire Necker - Enfants malades, Pharmacie, F-75015, Paris, France.
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36
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Prasanna PL, Renu K, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. New molecular and biochemical insights of doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity. Life Sci 2020; 250:117599. [PMID: 32234491 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic antibiotic doxorubicin belongs to the anthracycline class, slaughters not only the cancer cells but also non-cancerous cells even in the non-targeted organs thereby resulting in the toxicity. The liver is primarily involved in the process of detoxification and this mini-review we focused mainly to investigate the molecular mechanisms heading hepatotoxicity caused due to doxorubicin administration. The alterations in the doxorubicin treated liver tissue include vacuolation of hepatocytes, degeneration of hepatocyte cords, bile duct hyperplasia and focal necrosis. About the literature conducted, hepatotoxicity caused by doxorubicin has been explained by estimating the levels of liver serum biomarkers, ROS production, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The liver serum biomarkers such as ALT and AST, elated levels of free radicals inducing oxidative stress characterized by a surge in Nrf-2, FOXO-1 and HO-1 genes and diminution of anti-oxidant activity characterized by a decline in SOD, GPx, and CAT genes. The augmented levels of SGOT, SGPT, LDH, creatine kinase, direct and total bilirubin levels also reveal the toxicity in the hepatic tissue due to doxorubicin treatment. The molecular insight of hepatotoxicity is mainly due to the production of ROS, ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation, deteriorated mitochondrial production and functioning, and enhanced apoptosis. Certain substances such as extracts from medicinal plants, natural products, and chemical substances have been shown to produce an alleviating effect against the doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pureti Lakshmi Prasanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
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Breysse DH, Boone RM, Long CM, Merrill ME, Schaupp CM, White CC, Kavanagh TJ, Schmidt EE, Merrill GF. Carbonyl Reductase 1 Plays a Significant Role in Converting Doxorubicin to Cardiotoxic Doxorubicinol in Mouse Liver, but the Majority of the Doxorubicinol-Forming Activity Remains Unidentified. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:187-197. [PMID: 31955137 PMCID: PMC7011114 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.089326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a widely used cancer therapeutic, but its effectiveness is limited by cardiotoxic side effects. Evidence suggests cardiotoxicity is due not to doxorubicin, but rather its metabolite, doxorubicinol. Identification of the enzymes responsible for doxorubicinol formation is important in developing strategies to prevent cardiotoxicity. In this study, the contributions of three murine candidate enzymes to doxorubicinol formation were evaluated: carbonyl reductase (Cbr) 1, Cbr3, and thioredoxin reductase 1 (Tr1). Analyses with purified proteins revealed that all three enzymes catalyzed doxorubicin-dependent NADPH oxidation, but only Cbr1 and Cbr3 catalyzed doxorubicinol formation. Doxorubicin-dependent NADPH oxidation by Tr1 was likely due to redox cycling. Subcellular fractionation results showed that doxorubicin-dependent redox cycling activity was primarily microsomal, whereas doxorubicinol-forming activity was exclusively cytosolic, as were all three enzymes. An immunoclearing approach was used to assess the contributions of the three enzymes to doxorubicinol formation in the complex milieu of the cytosol. Immunoclearing Cbr1 eliminated 25% of the total doxorubicinol-forming activity in cytosol, but immunoclearing Cbr3 had no effect, even in Tr1 null livers that overexpressed Cbr3. The immunoclearing results constituted strong evidence that Cbr1 contributed to doxorubicinol formation in mouse liver but that enzymes other than Cbr1 also played a role, a conclusion supported by ammonium sulfate fractionation results, which showed that doxorubicinol-forming activity was found in fractions that contained little Cbr1. In conclusion, the results show that Cbr1 accounts for 25% of the doxorubicinol-forming activity in mouse liver cytosol but that the majority of the doxorubicinol-forming activity remains unidentified. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Earlier studies suggested carbonyl reductase (Cbr) 1 plays a dominant role in converting chemotherapeutic doxorubicin to cardiotoxic doxorubicinol, but a new immunoclearing approach described herein shows that Cbr1 accounts for only 25% of the doxorubicinol-forming activity in mouse liver cytosol, that two other candidate enzymes-Cbr3 and thioredoxin reductase 1-play no role, and that the majority of the activity remains unidentified. Thus, targeting Cbr1 is necessary but not sufficient to eliminate doxorubicinol-associated cardiotoxicity; identification of the additional doxorubicinol-forming activity is an important next challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Breysse
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (D.H.B., R.M.B., C.M.L., M.E.M., G.F.M.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.M.S., C.C.W., T.J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (E.E.S.)
| | - Ryan M Boone
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (D.H.B., R.M.B., C.M.L., M.E.M., G.F.M.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.M.S., C.C.W., T.J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (E.E.S.)
| | - Cameron M Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (D.H.B., R.M.B., C.M.L., M.E.M., G.F.M.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.M.S., C.C.W., T.J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (E.E.S.)
| | - Miranda E Merrill
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (D.H.B., R.M.B., C.M.L., M.E.M., G.F.M.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.M.S., C.C.W., T.J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (E.E.S.)
| | - Christopher M Schaupp
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (D.H.B., R.M.B., C.M.L., M.E.M., G.F.M.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.M.S., C.C.W., T.J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (E.E.S.)
| | - Collin C White
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (D.H.B., R.M.B., C.M.L., M.E.M., G.F.M.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.M.S., C.C.W., T.J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (E.E.S.)
| | - Terrance J Kavanagh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (D.H.B., R.M.B., C.M.L., M.E.M., G.F.M.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.M.S., C.C.W., T.J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (E.E.S.)
| | - Edward E Schmidt
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (D.H.B., R.M.B., C.M.L., M.E.M., G.F.M.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.M.S., C.C.W., T.J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (E.E.S.)
| | - Gary F Merrill
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (D.H.B., R.M.B., C.M.L., M.E.M., G.F.M.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (C.M.S., C.C.W., T.J.K.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana (E.E.S.)
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Smith MR, Chacko BK, Johnson MS, Benavides GA, Uppal K, Go YM, Jones DP, Darley-Usmar VM. A precision medicine approach to defining the impact of doxorubicin on the bioenergetic-metabolite interactome in human platelets. Redox Biol 2020; 28:101311. [PMID: 31546171 PMCID: PMC6812033 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive measures of the response of individual patients to cancer therapeutics is an emerging strategy in precision medicine. Platelets offer a potential dynamic marker for metabolism and bioenergetic responses in individual patients since they have active glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and can be easily isolated from a small blood sample. We have recently shown how the bioenergetic-metabolite interactome can be defined in platelets isolated from human subjects by measuring metabolites and bioenergetics in the same sample. In the present study, we used a model system to assess test the hypothesis that this interactome is modified by xenobiotics using exposure to the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) in individual donors. We found that unsupervised analysis of the metabolome showed clear differentiation between the control and Dox treated group. Dox treatment resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in bioenergetic parameters with maximal respiration being most sensitive and this was associated with significant changes in over 166 features. A metabolome-wide association study of Dox was also conducted, and Dox was found to have associations with metabolites in the glycolytic and TCA cycle pathways. Lastly, network analysis showed the impact of Dox on the bioenergetic-metabolite interactome and revealed profound changes in the regulation of reserve capacity. Taken together, these data support the conclusion that platelets are a suitable platform to predict and monitor therapeutic efficacy as well as anticipate susceptibility to toxicity in the context of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Ryan Smith
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Balu K Chacko
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Center for Free Radical Biology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - Michelle S Johnson
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Center for Free Radical Biology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - Gloria A Benavides
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Center for Free Radical Biology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - Karan Uppal
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Victor M Darley-Usmar
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Center for Free Radical Biology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
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Wang X, Hui R, Chen Y, Wang W, Chen Y, Gong X, Jin J. Discovery of Novel Doxorubicin Metabolites in MCF7 Doxorubicin-Resistant Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1434. [PMID: 31866863 PMCID: PMC6909010 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is metabolized to a variety of metabolites in vivo, which has been shown to be associated with cardiotoxicity. We speculate that metabolic processes are also present in tumor cells. A LC-MS/MS method was developed to detect intracellular metabolites. Drug resistant tumor cells with high drug stress tolerance and metabolically active are suitable as materials for this study. Our results show difference in drug metabolites between the wild-type and drug-resistant cells. Three novel doxorubicin metabolites were discovered after the LC-MS/MS analysis. All these metabolites and their profiles of metabolites are totally different from that in liver or kidney in vivo. Our results suggest that tumor cells and drug-resistant tumor cells have a unique drug metabolism pathway for doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Renjie Hui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yujiao Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaohai Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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40
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Kwon JH, Lee J, Kim J, Kirchner VA, Jo YH, Miura T, Kim N, Song GW, Hwang S, Lee SG, Yoon YI, Tak E. Upregulation of Carbonyl Reductase 1 by Nrf2 as a Potential Therapeutic Intervention for Ischemia/ Reperfusion Injury during Liver Transplantation. Mol Cells 2019; 42:672-685. [PMID: 31486328 PMCID: PMC6776159 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, liver transplantation is the only available remedy for patients with end-stage liver disease. Conservation of transplanted liver graft is the most important issue as it directly related to patient survival. Carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) protects cells against oxidative stress and cell death by inactivating cellular membrane-derived lipid aldehydes. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury during living-donor liver transplantation is known to form reactive oxygen species. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate whether CBR1 transcription might be increased during liver I/R injury and whether such increase might protect liver against I/R injury. Our results revealed that transcription factor Nrf2 could induce CBR1 transcription in liver of mice during I/R. Pre-treatment with sulforaphane, an activator of Nrf2, increased CBR1 expression, decreased liver enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase, and reduced I/R-related pathological changes. Using oxygenglucose deprivation and recovery model of human normal liver cell line, it was found that oxidative stress markers and lipid peroxidation products were significantly lowered in cells overexpressing CBR1. Conversely, CBR1 knockdown cells expressed elevated levels of oxidative stress proteins compared to the parental cell line. We also observed that Nrf2 and CBR1 were overexpressed during liver transplantation in clinical samples. These results suggest that CBR1 expression during liver I/R injury is regulated by transcription factor Nrf2. In addition, CBR1 can reduce free radicals and prevent lipid peroxidation. Taken together, CBR1 induction might be a therapeutic strategy for relieving liver I/R injury during liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Kwon
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
- Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
| | - Jooyoung Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology; and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
- Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
| | - Jiye Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology; and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
- Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
| | - Varvara A. Kirchner
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery and Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455,
USA
| | - Yong Hwa Jo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447,
Korea
| | - Takeshi Miura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540,
Japan
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology; and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
| | - Gi-Won Song
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
- Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
| | - Shin Hwang
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
- Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
| | - Sung-Gyu Lee
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
- Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
| | - Young-In Yoon
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
- Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
| | - Eunyoung Tak
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology; and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
- Asan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
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Smuder AJ. Exercise stimulates beneficial adaptations to diminish doxorubicin-induced cellular toxicity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 317:R662-R672. [PMID: 31461307 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00161.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly effective antitumor agent used for the treatment of a wide range of cancers. Unfortunately, DOX treatment results in cytotoxic side effects due to its accumulation within off-target tissues. DOX-induced cellular toxicity occurs as a result of increased oxidative damage, resulting in apoptosis and cell death. While there is no standard-of-care practice to prevent DOX-induced toxicity to healthy organs, exercise has been shown to prevent cellular dysfunction when combined with DOX chemotherapy. Endurance exercise stimulates numerous biochemical adaptations that promote a healthy phenotype in several vulnerable tissues without affecting the antineoplastic properties of DOX. Therefore, for the development of an effective strategy to combat the pathological effects of DOX, it is important to determine the appropriate exercise regimen to prescribe to cancer patients receiving DOX therapy and to understand the mechanisms responsible for exercise-induced protection against DOX toxicity to noncancer cells. This review summarizes the cytotoxic effects of DOX on the heart, skeletal muscle, liver, and kidneys and discusses the current understanding of the clinical benefits of regular physical activity and the potential mechanisms mediating the positive effects of exercise on each organ system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J Smuder
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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42
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Nair P, Prado M, Perea‐Gil I, Karakikes I. Concise Review: Precision Matchmaking: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Meet Cardio-Oncology. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:758-767. [PMID: 31020786 PMCID: PMC6646696 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As common chemotherapeutic agents are associated with an increased risk of acute and chronic cardiovascular complications, a new clinical discipline, cardio-oncology, has recently emerged. At the same time, the development of preclinical human stem cell-derived cardiovascular models holds promise as a more faithful platform to predict the cardiovascular toxicity of common cancer therapies and advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms contributing to the cardiotoxicity. In this article, we review the recent advances in preclinical cancer-related cardiotoxicity testing, focusing on new technologies, such as human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and tissue engineering. We further discuss some of the limitations of these technologies and present future directions. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:758&767.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Nair
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Cardiovascular InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Maricela Prado
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Cardiovascular InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Isaac Perea‐Gil
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Cardiovascular InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ioannis Karakikes
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Cardiovascular InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
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43
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Zeng X, Cai H, Yang J, Qiu H, Cheng Y, Liu M. Pharmacokinetics and cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin and its secondary alcohol metabolite in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:108964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Fukuno S, Nagai K, Yamamoto K, Tanimura T, Nabe T, Konishi H. Pharmacokinetic interference of doxorubicin with tolbutamide due to reduced metabolic clearance with increased serum unbound fraction in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2019; 40:225-233. [PMID: 31215040 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The study examined the effect of doxorubicin (DOX) on the hepatic expression of CYP2C and its activity for metabolizing tolbutamide (TB), a specific CYP2C substrate, in rats and whether the pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide were altered by doxorubicin exposure. The expression level of hepatic CYP2C11 was depressed 1 day after doxorubicin administration (day 1), and this effect on CYP2C11 was augmented on day 4. However, the expression level of hepatic CYP2C6 remained unchanged. The activity of tolbutamide 4-hydroxylation in hepatic microsomes was decreased with time following doxorubicin administration. Regarding the enzyme kinetic parameters for tolbutamide 4-hydroxylation on day 4, the maximum velocity (Vmax ) was significantly lower in the DOX group than that in the control group, while the Michaelis constant (Km ) was unaffected. On pharmacokinetic examination, the total clearance (CLtot ) of tolbutamide on day 4 was increased, despite the decreased metabolic capacity. On the other hand, the serum unbound fraction (fu ) of tolbutamide was elevated with a reduced serum albumin concentration in the DOX group. Contrary to CLtot , CLtot /fu , a parameter approximated to the hepatic intrinsic clearance of unbound tolbutamide, was estimated to be significantly reduced in the DOX group. These findings indicate that the metabolic capacity of CYP2C11 in the liver is depressed time-dependently by down-regulation after doxorubicin exposure in rats, and that the decreased enzyme activity of TB 4-hydroxylation in hepatic microsomes reflects the pharmacokinetic change of unbound tolbutamide, not total tolbutamide, in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Fukuno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, 3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, 584-0066, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Nagai
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, 3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, 584-0066, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, 3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, 584-0066, Japan
| | - Takehiro Tanimura
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, 3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, 584-0066, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nabe
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotouge-cho, Hirakata, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Hiroki Konishi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, 3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, 584-0066, Japan
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45
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Yamashita N, Kanno Y, Saito N, Terai K, Sanada N, Kizu R, Hiruta N, Park Y, Bujo H, Nemoto K. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor counteracts pharmacological efficacy of doxorubicin via enhanced AKR1C3 expression in triple negative breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 516:693-698. [PMID: 31253396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with poor prognosis, because of no effective targeted therapy. In the present study, we demonstrated the crucial role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in mediating the effects of the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) in the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of TNBC. Firstly, we established AhR knockout (KO) MDA-MB 231 TNBC cells. The cytotoxic effects of DOX were more pronounced in AhR KO cells than in parental cells. In addition, our results indicated that AhR KO cells showed downregulated expression of DOX-metabolism enzyme, aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C3, relative to those of parental cells. Furthermore, AhR was found to enhance AKR1C3 promoter reporter activity, suggesting that AKR1C3 mRNA transcription is activated by AhR. Additionally, our findings confirmed that the downregulation of AKR1C3 expression enhanced DOX sensitivity in MDA-MB 231 cells. Finally, AhR and AKR1C3 expression were positively correlated in human breast cancer. Taken together, our results suggested that AhR is involved in DOX sensitivity by regulating AKR1C3 expression in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kanno
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan.
| | - Nao Saito
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Kensuke Terai
- Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Shimoshizu 564-1, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan; Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Shimoshizu 564-1, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Noriko Sanada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Kizu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hiruta
- Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Shimoshizu 564-1, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan; Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Shimoshizu 564-1, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Youngjin Park
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Shimoshizu 564-1, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan; Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Fukumuro 1-15-1, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Hideaki Bujo
- Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Shimoshizu 564-1, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Kiyomitsu Nemoto
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
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El-Maddawy ZK, Abd El Naby WSH. Protective effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles against doxorubicin induced testicular toxicity and DNA damage in male rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:654-662. [PMID: 31588342 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00052f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the protective effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on doxorubicin-induced testicular injury. Forty mature male rats were randomly allocated into four equal groups: G1 (control), G2 (3 mg per kg BW of zinc oxide nanoparticles was administered), G3 (6 mg per kg BW of doxorubicin was intraperitoneally injected), and G4 (doxorubicin + ZnO NPs). Some fertility parameters, antioxidant status, genotoxicity assay, and a histopathological examination were used for this investigation. The doxorubicin-treated group showed a significant decrease in the index weight of reproductive organs, epididymal sperm count, motility%, and live sperm% and a significant increase in sperm abnormalities. Moreover, GSH and CAT activities were significantly decreased, and MDA content was significantly increased in the doxorubicin-treated group. Interestingly, co-administration of ZnO NPs significantly reduced the doxorubicin-induced changes in the investigated parameters. In addition, ZnO NPs alone did not show any undesirable effects on the sperm parameters, testis or DNA. However, its administration improves the reproductive parameters and significantly increases the testosterone level. We concluded that the administration of ZnO NPs at 3 mg per kg BW ameliorated the testicular toxicity and genotoxicity caused by doxorubicin through its antioxidant and androgenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Walaa Slouma Hamouda Abd El Naby
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering in Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Alexandria University , Egypt .
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47
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Sorf A, Novotna E, Hofman J, Morell A, Staud F, Wsol V, Ceckova M. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors AZD5438 and R547 show potential for enhancing efficacy of daunorubicin-based anticancer therapy: Interaction with carbonyl-reducing enzymes and ABC transporters. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:290-298. [PMID: 30826329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Daunorubicin (DAUN) has served as an anticancer drug in chemotherapy regimens for decades and is still irreplaceable in treatment of acute leukemias. The therapeutic outcome of DAUN-based therapy is compromised by its cardiotoxicity and emergence of drug resistance. This phenomenon is often caused by pharmacokinetic mechanisms such as efflux of DAUN from cancer cells through ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and its conversion to less cytostatic but more cardiotoxic daunorubicinol (DAUN-OL) by carbonyl reducing enzymes (CREs). Here we aimed to investigate, whether two cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, AZD5438 and R547, can interact with these pharmacokinetic mechanisms and reverse DAUN resistance. Using accumulation assays, we revealed AZD5438 as potent inhibitor of ABCC1 showing also weaker inhibitory effect to ABCB1 and ABCG2. Combination index analysis, however, shown that inhibition of ABCC1 does not significantly contribute to synergism between AZD5438 and DAUN in MDCKII-ABCC1 cells, suggesting predominant role of other mechanism. Using pure recombinant enzymes, we found both tested drugs to inhibit CREs with aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3). This interaction was further confirmed in transfected HCT-116 cells. Moreover, these cells were sensitized to DAUN by both compounds as Chou-Talalay combination index analysis showed synergism in AKR1C3 transfected HCT-116, but not in empty vector transfected control cell line. In conclusion, we propose AZD5438 and R547 as modulators of DAUN resistance that can prevent AKR1C3-mediated DAUN biotransformation to DAUN-OL. This interaction could be beneficially exploited to prevent failure of DAUN-based therapy as well as the undesirable cardiotoxic effect of DAUN-OL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Sorf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Novotna
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hofman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Anselm Morell
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Staud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Wsol
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Ceckova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Piska K, Koczurkiewicz P, Wnuk D, Karnas E, Bucki A, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Jamrozik M, Michalik M, Kołaczkowski M, Pękala E. Synergistic anticancer activity of doxorubicin and piperlongumine on DU-145 prostate cancer cells - The involvement of carbonyl reductase 1 inhibition. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 300:40-48. [PMID: 30611789 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the causes of therapeutic failure of chemotherapy is cancer cell resistance. In the case of anthracyclines, many resistance mechanisms have been described. One of them assumes the role of carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1), a cytosolic enzyme that is responsible for the biotransformation process of anthracyclines to less active, undesirable metabolites. Therefore, CBR1 inhibitors are considered for use as a chemosensitizing agents. In the present study, piperlongumine (PL), a Piper longum L. alkaloid that has previously been described as a CBR1 inhibitor, was investigated for its chemosensitizing properties in co-treatment with doxorubicin (DOX). The biotransformation process of DOX in the presence of PL was tracked using human cytosol fraction and LC-MS, then a molecular modeling study was conducted to predict the interaction of PL with the active site of the CBR1. The biological interaction between DOX and PL was investigated using DU-145 prostate cancer cells. Cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties of DOX and PL were examined, and the type and potency of interaction was quantified by Combination Index. The mechanism of the cell death induced by the agents was investigated by flow cytometry and the anti-invasive properties of the drugs were determined by monitoring the movement of individual cells. PL showed dose-dependent inhibition of DOX metabolism in cytosol, which resulted in less doxorubicinol (DOXol) metabolite being formed. The possible mechanism of CBR1 inhibition was explained through molecular modeling studies by prediction of PL's binding mode in the active site of the enzyme's crystal structure-based model. DOX and PL showed a synergistic antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect on cancer cells. Significant anti-invasive properties of the combination of DOX and PL were found, but when the drugs were used separately they did not alter the cancer cells' motility. Cell motility inhibition was accompanied by significant changes in cytoskeleton architecture. DOX and PL used in co-treatment showed significant synergistic anticancer properties. Inhibition of DOX metabolism by PL was found to be a mechanism that was likely to be responsible for the observed interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Karnas
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Bucki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Jamrozik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Hu DG, Marri S, McKinnon RA, Mackenzie PI, Meech R. Deregulation of the Genes that Are Involved in Drug Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 368:363-381. [PMID: 30578287 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genes involved in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) are called ADME genes. Currently, 298 genes that encode phase I and II drug metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and modifiers are designated as ADME genes by the PharmaADME Consortium. ADME genes are highly expressed in the liver and their levels can be influenced by liver diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we obtained RNA-sequencing and microRNA (miRNA)-sequencing data from 371 HCC patients via The Cancer Genome Atlas liver hepatocellular carcinoma project and performed ADME gene-targeted differential gene expression analysis and expression correlation analysis. Two hundred thirty-three of the 298 ADME genes (78%) were expressed in HCC. Of these genes, almost one-quarter (58 genes) were significantly downregulated, while only 6% (15) were upregulated in HCC relative to healthy liver. Moreover, one-half (14/28) of the core ADME genes (CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, NAT1, NAT2, UGT2B7, SLC22A1, SLCO1B1, and SLCO1B3) were downregulated. In addition, about one-half of the core ADME genes were positively correlated with each other and were also positively (AHR, ARNT, HNF4A, PXR, CAR, PPARA, and RXRA) or negatively (PPARD and PPARG) correlated with transcription factors known as ADME modifiers. Finally, we show that most miRNAs known to regulate core ADME genes are upregulated in HCC. Collectively, these data reveal 1) an extensive transcription factor-mediated ADME coexpression network in the liver that efficiently coordinates the metabolism and elimination of endogenous and exogenous compounds; and 2) a widespread deregulation of this network in HCC, most likely due to deregulation of both transcriptional and post-transcriptional (miRNA) pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gui Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Shashikanth Marri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ross A McKinnon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter I Mackenzie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robyn Meech
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer (D.G.H., R.A.M., P.I.M., R.M.), and Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology (S.M.), Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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50
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Substrate selectivity of human aldehyde oxidase 1 in reduction of nitroaromatic drugs. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 659:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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