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Huang S, Dong W, Lin X, Bian J. Na+/K+-ATPase: ion pump, signal transducer, or cytoprotective protein, and novel biological functions. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2684-2697. [PMID: 38595287 PMCID: PMC11168508 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Na+/K+-ATPase is a transmembrane protein that has important roles in the maintenance of electrochemical gradients across cell membranes by transporting three Na+ out of and two K+ into cells. Additionally, Na+/K+-ATPase participates in Ca2+-signaling transduction and neurotransmitter release by coordinating the ion concentration gradient across the cell membrane. Na+/K+-ATPase works synergistically with multiple ion channels in the cell membrane to form a dynamic network of ion homeostatic regulation and affects cellular communication by regulating chemical signals and the ion balance among different types of cells. Therefore, it is not surprising that Na+/K+-ATPase dysfunction has emerged as a risk factor for a variety of neurological diseases. However, published studies have so far only elucidated the important roles of Na+/K+-ATPase dysfunction in disease development, and we are lacking detailed mechanisms to clarify how Na+/K+-ATPase affects cell function. Our recent studies revealed that membrane loss of Na+/K+-ATPase is a key mechanism in many neurological disorders, particularly stroke and Parkinson's disease. Stabilization of plasma membrane Na+/K+-ATPase with an antibody is a novel strategy to treat these diseases. For this reason, Na+/K+-ATPase acts not only as a simple ion pump but also as a sensor/regulator or cytoprotective protein, participating in signal transduction such as neuronal autophagy and apoptosis, and glial cell migration. Thus, the present review attempts to summarize the novel biological functions of Na+/K+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase-related pathogenesis. The potential for novel strategies to treat Na+/K+-ATPase-related brain diseases will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqiang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wanting Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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Roberts JR, Bernstein JM, Austin CC, Hains T, Mata J, Kieras M, Pirro S, Ruane S. Whole snake genomes from eighteen families of snakes (Serpentes: Caenophidia) and their applications to systematics. J Hered 2024; 115:487-497. [PMID: 38722259 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
We present genome assemblies for 18 snake species representing 18 families (Serpentes: Caenophidia): Acrochordus granulatus, Aparallactus werneri, Boaedon fuliginosus, Calamaria suluensis, Cerberus rynchops, Grayia smithii, Imantodes cenchoa, Mimophis mahfalensis, Oxyrhabdium leporinum, Pareas carinatus, Psammodynastes pulverulentus, Pseudoxenodon macrops, Pseudoxyrhopus heterurus, Sibynophis collaris, Stegonotus admiraltiensis, Toxicocalamus goodenoughensis, Trimeresurus albolabris, and Tropidonophis doriae. From these new genome assemblies, we extracted thousands of loci commonly used in systematic and phylogenomic studies on snakes, including target-capture datasets composed of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and anchored hybrid enriched loci (AHEs), as well as traditional Sanger loci. Phylogenies inferred from the two target-capture loci datasets were identical with each other and strongly congruent with previously published snake phylogenies. To show the additional utility of these non-model genomes for investigative evolutionary research, we mined the genome assemblies of two New Guinea island endemics in our dataset (S. admiraltiensis and T. doriae) for the ATP1a3 gene, a thoroughly researched indicator of resistance to toad toxin ingestion by squamates. We find that both these snakes possess the genotype for toad toxin resistance despite their endemism to New Guinea, a region absent of any toads until the human-mediated introduction of Cane Toads in the 1930s. These species possess identical substitutions that suggest the same bufotoxin resistance as their Australian congenerics (Stegonotus australis and Tropidonophis mairii) which forage on invasive Cane Toads. Herein, we show the utility of short-read high-coverage genomes, as well as improving the deficit of available squamate genomes with associated voucher specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson R Roberts
- Division of Zoology, Sternberg Museum of Natural History, Fort Hays State University, Hays, KS 67601, United States
- Division of Herpetology, Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
| | - Justin M Bernstein
- Center for Genomics, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, United States
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, United States
| | - Christopher C Austin
- Division of Herpetology, Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
| | - Taylor Hains
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Life Sciences Section, Negaunee Integrative Research Center, The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Joshua Mata
- Amphibian and Reptile Collection, The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, United States
| | - Michael Kieras
- Iridian Genomes, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Stacy Pirro
- Iridian Genomes, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Sara Ruane
- Life Sciences Section, Negaunee Integrative Research Center, The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Amphibian and Reptile Collection, The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, United States
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Agalakova NI, Mikhailova EV, Ershov IA, Nadei OV, Pyankov AA, Galagoudza MM, Adair CD, Romanova IV, Bagrov AY. Antibody to Endogenous Cardiotonic Steroid Reverses Vascular Fibrosis and Restores Vasorelaxation in Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8896. [PMID: 39201581 PMCID: PMC11354990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Marinobufagenin (MBG) is implicated in chronic kidney disease, where it removes Fli1-induced inhibition of the collagen-1. We hypothesized that (i) in nephrectomized rats, aortic fibrosis develops due to elevated plasma MBG and inhibited Fli1, and (ii) that the antibody to MBG reduces collagen-1 and improves vasodilatation. A partial nephrectomy was performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Sham-operated animals comprised the control group. At 5 weeks following nephrectomy, rats were administered the vehicle (n = 8), or the anti-MBG antibody (n = 8). Isolated aortic rings were tested for their responsiveness to sodium nitroprusside following endothelin-1-induced constriction. In nephrectomized rats, there was an increase in the intensity of collagen staining in the aortic wall vs. the controls. In antibody-treated rats, the structure of bundles of collagen fibers had ordered organization. Western blots of the aorta had lower levels of Fli1 (arbitrary units, 1 ± 0.05 vs. 0.2 ± 0.01; p < 0.001) and greater collagen-1 (arbitrary units, 1 ± 0.01 vs. 9 ± 0.4; p < 0.001) vs. the control group. Administration of the MBG antibody to rats reversed the effect of the nephrectomy on Fli1 and collagen-1 proteins. Aortic rings pretreated with endothelin-1 exhibited 50% relaxation following the addition of sodium nitroprusside (EC50 = 0.28 μmol/L). The responsiveness of the aortic rings obtained from nephrectomized rats was markedly reduced (EC50 = 3.5 mol/L) compared to the control rings. Treatment of rats with the antibody restored vasorelaxation. Thus, the anti-MBG antibody counteracts the Fli1-collagen-1 system and reduces aortic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I. Agalakova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.I.A.); (E.V.M.); (O.V.N.); (A.A.P.); (I.V.R.)
| | - Elena V. Mikhailova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.I.A.); (E.V.M.); (O.V.N.); (A.A.P.); (I.V.R.)
| | - Ivan A. Ershov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, 194100 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Olga V. Nadei
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.I.A.); (E.V.M.); (O.V.N.); (A.A.P.); (I.V.R.)
| | - Arseny A. Pyankov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.I.A.); (E.V.M.); (O.V.N.); (A.A.P.); (I.V.R.)
| | | | - C. David Adair
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA
| | - Irina V. Romanova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.I.A.); (E.V.M.); (O.V.N.); (A.A.P.); (I.V.R.)
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Singh H, Almabhouh FA, Alshaikhli HSI, Hassan MJM, Daud S, Othman R, Md Salleh MFRR. Leptin in reproduction and hypertension in pregnancy. Reprod Fertil Dev 2024; 36:RD24060. [PMID: 39038160 DOI: 10.1071/rd24060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptin has important roles in numerous physiological functions, including those in the regulation of energy balance, and in immune and reproductive systems. However, in the recent years, evidence has implicated it in a number of obesity-related diseases, where its concentrations in serum are significantly elevated. Elevated serum leptin concentrations and increased placental leptin secretion have been reported in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Whether leptin is responsible for this disorder remains to be established. Leptin injections in healthy rats and mice during pregnancy result in endothelial activation, increased blood pressure and proteinuria. A potential role for leptin in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia is hypothesised, particularly in women who are overweight or obese where serum leptin concentrations are often elevated. This review summarises pertinent information in the literature on the role of leptin in puberty, pregnancy, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. In particular, the possible mechanism that may be involved in leptin-induced increase in blood pressure and proteinuria during pregnancy and the potential role of marinobufagenin in this disease entity. We hypothesise a significant role for oxidative stress in this, and propose a conceptual framework on the events that lead to endothelial activation, raised blood pressure and proteinuria following leptin administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harbindarjeet Singh
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fayez A Almabhouh
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia; and Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza Strip, Palestine
| | | | | | - Suzanna Daud
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rosfayati Othman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhd Fakh Rur Razi Md Salleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
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Vagin O, Tokhtaeva E, Larauche M, Davood J, Marcus EA. Helicobacter pylori-Induced Decrease in Membrane Expression of Na,K-ATPase Leads to Gastric Injury. Biomolecules 2024; 14:772. [PMID: 39062486 PMCID: PMC11274427 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a highly prevalent human gastric pathogen that causes gastritis, ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. It is not yet fully understood how H. pylori injures the gastric epithelium. The Na,K-ATPase, an essential transporter found in virtually all mammalian cells, has been shown to be important for maintaining the barrier function of lung and kidney epithelia. H. pylori decreases levels of Na,K-ATPase in the plasma membrane of gastric epithelial cells, and the aim of this study was to demonstrate that this reduction led to gastric injury by impairing the epithelial barrier. Similar to H. pylori infection, the inhibition of Na,K-ATPase with ouabain decreased transepithelial electrical resistance and increased paracellular permeability in cell monolayers of human gastric cultured cells, 2D human gastric organoids, and gastric epithelium isolated from gerbils. Similar effects were caused by a partial shRNA silencing of Na,K-ATPase in human gastric organoids. Both H. pylori infection and ouabain exposure disrupted organization of adherens junctions in human gastric epithelia as demonstrated by E-cadherin immunofluorescence. Functional and structural impairment of epithelial integrity with a decrease in Na,K-ATPase amount or activity provides evidence that the H. pylori-induced downregulation of Na,K-ATPase plays a role in the complex mechanism of gastric disease induced by the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vagin
- Department of Pediatrics, DGSOM at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Ave., 12-383 MDCC, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (O.V.); (E.T.)
- VA GLAHS 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 113, Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA; (M.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Elmira Tokhtaeva
- Department of Pediatrics, DGSOM at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Ave., 12-383 MDCC, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (O.V.); (E.T.)
- VA GLAHS 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 113, Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA; (M.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Muriel Larauche
- VA GLAHS 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 113, Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA; (M.L.); (J.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, DGSOM at UCLA, 650 Charles E Young Dr. S., CHS 43-276, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joshua Davood
- VA GLAHS 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 113, Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA; (M.L.); (J.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, DGSOM at UCLA, 650 Charles E Young Dr. S., CHS 43-276, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Marcus
- Department of Pediatrics, DGSOM at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Ave., 12-383 MDCC, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (O.V.); (E.T.)
- VA GLAHS 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 113, Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA; (M.L.); (J.D.)
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Contreras RG, Torres-Carrillo A, Flores-Maldonado C, Shoshani L, Ponce A. Na +/K +-ATPase: More than an Electrogenic Pump. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6122. [PMID: 38892309 PMCID: PMC11172918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The sodium pump, or Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), is an essential enzyme found in the plasma membrane of all animal cells. Its primary role is to transport sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions across the cell membrane, using energy from ATP hydrolysis. This transport creates and maintains an electrochemical gradient, which is crucial for various cellular processes, including cell volume regulation, electrical excitability, and secondary active transport. Although the role of NKA as a pump was discovered and demonstrated several decades ago, it remains the subject of intense research. Current studies aim to delve deeper into several aspects of this molecular entity, such as describing its structure and mode of operation in atomic detail, understanding its molecular and functional diversity, and examining the consequences of its malfunction due to structural alterations. Additionally, researchers are investigating the effects of various substances that amplify or decrease its pumping activity. Beyond its role as a pump, growing evidence indicates that in various cell types, NKA also functions as a receptor for cardiac glycosides like ouabain. This receptor activity triggers the activation of various signaling pathways, producing significant morphological and physiological effects. In this report, we present the results of a comprehensive review of the most outstanding studies of the past five years. We highlight the progress made regarding this new concept of NKA and the various cardiac glycosides that influence it. Furthermore, we emphasize NKA's role in epithelial physiology, particularly its function as a receptor for cardiac glycosides that trigger intracellular signals regulating cell-cell contacts, proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion. We also analyze the role of NKA β-subunits as cell adhesion molecules in glia and epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Arturo Ponce
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (R.G.C.); (A.T.-C.); (C.F.-M.); (L.S.)
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Zhang X, Valeri J, Eladawi MA, Gisabella B, Garrett MR, Vallender EJ, McCullumsmith R, Pantazopoulos H, O’Donovan SM. Differentially Altered Metabolic Pathways in the Amygdala of Subjects with Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.17.24305854. [PMID: 38699334 PMCID: PMC11065019 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.24305854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Background and hypothesis A growing number of studies implicate a key role for metabolic processes in psychiatric disorders. Recent studies suggest that ketogenic diet may be therapeutically effective for subgroups of people with schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BPD) and possibly major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite this promise, there is currently limited information regarding brain energy metabolism pathways across these disorders, limiting our understanding of how brain metabolic pathways are altered and who may benefit from ketogenic diets. We conducted gene expression profiling on the amygdala, a key region involved in in the regulation of mood and appetitive behaviors, to test the hypothesis that amygdala metabolic pathways are differentially altered between these disorders. Study Design We used a cohort of subjects diagnosed with SCZ, BPD or MDD, and non-psychiatrically ill control subjects (n=15/group), together with our bioinformatic 3-pod analysis consisting of full transcriptome pathway analysis, targeted pathway analysis, leading-edge gene analysis and iLINCS perturbagen analysis. Study Results We identified differential expression of metabolic pathways in each disorder. Subjects with SCZ displayed downregulation of mitochondrial respiration and nucleotide metabolism pathways. In comparison, we observed upregulation of mitochondrial respiration pathways in subjects with MDD, while subjects with BPD displayed enrichment of pathways involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Several pathways associated with brain metabolism including immune system processes and calcium ion transport were also differentially altered between diagnosis groups. Conclusion Our findings suggest metabolic pathways are differentially altered in the amygdala in these disorders, which may impact approaches for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - Jake Valeri
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | | | - Barbara Gisabella
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Michael R. Garrett
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Eric J Vallender
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Robert McCullumsmith
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH
- Promedica Neuroscience Institute, Toledo, OH
| | - Harry Pantazopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
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Abaimov DA, Kazanskaya RB, Ageldinov RA, Nesterov MS, Timoshina YA, Platova AI, Aristova IJ, Vinogradskaia IS, Fedorova TN, Volnova AB, Gainetdinov RR, Lopachev AV. Evaluation of Ouabain's Tissue Distribution in C57/Black Mice Following Intraperitoneal Injection, Using Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4318. [PMID: 38673903 PMCID: PMC11050293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiotonic steroids (CTSs), such as digoxin, are used for heart failure treatment. However, digoxin permeates the brain-blood barrier (BBB), affecting central nervous system (CNS) functions. Finding a CTS that does not pass through the BBB would increase CTSs' applicability in the clinic and decrease the risk of side effects on the CNS. This study aimed to investigate the tissue distribution of the CTS ouabain following intraperitoneal injection and whether ouabain passes through the BBB. After intraperitoneal injection (1.25 mg/kg), ouabain concentrations were measured at 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h using HPLC-MS in brain, heart, liver, and kidney tissues and blood plasma in C57/black mice. Ouabain was undetectable in the brain tissue. Plasma: Cmax = 882.88 ± 21.82 ng/g; Tmax = 0.08 ± 0.01 h; T1/2 = 0.15 ± 0.02 h; MRT = 0.26 ± 0.01. Cardiac tissue: Cmax = 145.24 ± 44.03 ng/g (undetectable at 60 min); Tmax = 0.08 ± 0.02 h; T1/2 = 0.23 ± 0.09 h; MRT = 0.38 ± 0.14 h. Kidney tissue: Cmax = 1072.3 ± 260.8 ng/g; Tmax = 0.35 ± 0.19 h; T1/2 = 1.32 ± 0.76 h; MRT = 1.41 ± 0.71 h. Liver tissue: Cmax = 2558.0 ± 382.4 ng/g; Tmax = 0.35 ± 0.13 h; T1/2 = 1.24 ± 0.7 h; MRT = 0.98 ± 0.33 h. Unlike digoxin, ouabain does not cross the BBB and is eliminated quicker from all the analyzed tissues, giving it a potential advantage over digoxin in systemic administration. However, the inability of ouabain to pass though the BBB necessitates intracerebral administration when used to investigate its effects on the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis A. Abaimov
- Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoye Shosse 80, 125367 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.A.); (Y.A.T.); (T.N.F.)
| | - Rogneda B. Kazanskaya
- Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoye Shosse 80, 125367 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.A.); (Y.A.T.); (T.N.F.)
- Biological Department, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.J.A.); (A.B.V.)
| | - Ruslan A. Ageldinov
- Scientific Center for Biomedical Technologies of the Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia, 119435 Krasnogorsk, Russia; (R.A.A.); (M.S.N.)
| | - Maxim S. Nesterov
- Scientific Center for Biomedical Technologies of the Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia, 119435 Krasnogorsk, Russia; (R.A.A.); (M.S.N.)
| | - Yulia A. Timoshina
- Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoye Shosse 80, 125367 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.A.); (Y.A.T.); (T.N.F.)
- Biological Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Angelina I. Platova
- The Mental Health Research Center, Kashirskoye Shosse 34, 115522 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Irina J. Aristova
- Biological Department, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.J.A.); (A.B.V.)
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Irina S. Vinogradskaia
- Non-State Private Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Moscow University for Industry and Finance “Synergy”, Meshchanskaya Street, 9/14, Building 1, 129090 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Tatiana N. Fedorova
- Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoye Shosse 80, 125367 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.A.); (Y.A.T.); (T.N.F.)
| | - Anna B. Volnova
- Biological Department, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.J.A.); (A.B.V.)
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Saint-Petersburg University Hospital, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Lopachev
- Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoye Shosse 80, 125367 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.A.); (Y.A.T.); (T.N.F.)
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
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Blaustein MP, Hamlyn JM. Sensational site: the sodium pump ouabain-binding site and its ligands. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1120-C1177. [PMID: 38223926 PMCID: PMC11193536 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00273.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Cardiotonic steroids (CTS), used by certain insects, toads, and rats for protection from predators, became, thanks to Withering's trailblazing 1785 monograph, the mainstay of heart failure (HF) therapy. In the 1950s and 1960s, we learned that the CTS receptor was part of the sodium pump (NKA) and that the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger was critical for the acute cardiotonic effect of digoxin- and ouabain-related CTS. This "settled" view was upended by seven revolutionary observations. First, subnanomolar ouabain sometimes stimulates NKA while higher concentrations are invariably inhibitory. Second, endogenous ouabain (EO) was discovered in the human circulation. Third, in the DIG clinical trial, digoxin only marginally improved outcomes in patients with HF. Fourth, cloning of NKA in 1985 revealed multiple NKA α and β subunit isoforms that, in the rodent, differ in their sensitivities to CTS. Fifth, the NKA is a cation pump and a hormone receptor/signal transducer. EO binding to NKA activates, in a ligand- and cell-specific manner, several protein kinase and Ca2+-dependent signaling cascades that have widespread physiological effects and can contribute to hypertension and HF pathogenesis. Sixth, all CTS are not equivalent, e.g., ouabain induces hypertension in rodents while digoxin is antihypertensinogenic ("biased signaling"). Seventh, most common rodent hypertension models require a highly ouabain-sensitive α2 NKA and the elevated blood pressure is alleviated by EO immunoneutralization. These numerous phenomena are enabled by NKA's intricate structure. We have just begun to understand the endocrine role of the endogenous ligands and the broad impact of the ouabain-binding site on physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mordecai P Blaustein
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - John M Hamlyn
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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10
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Hosny EN, Sawie HG, Abou-Seif HS, Khadrawy YA. Effect of caffeine-chitosan nanoparticles and α-lipoic acid on the cardiovascular changes induced in rat model of obesity. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111627. [PMID: 38309094 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The current research aims to study the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) and caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Caf-CNs) against cardiovascular complications induced by obesity. Rats were divided randomly into: control, high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity rat model, obese rats treated with α-LA and/or Caf-CNs. Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as well as activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) significantly increased in the serum of obese rats. In addition, plasma atherogenic index, atherogenic coefficient and Castelli's risk indices I and II showed a significant increase. Additionally, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) and activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) were significantly elevated in heart tissues of obese rats. However, cardiac Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH), serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) as well as serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly reduced in obese rats. Treatment with α-LA and/or Caf-CNs ameliorated almost all the biochemical and histopathological alterations caused by obesity. In conclusion, the present data revealed that α-LA and/or Caf-CNs may be an effective therapeutic approach against cardiac complications caused by obesity through their antilipemic, anti-atherogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman N Hosny
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hussein G Sawie
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Howida S Abou-Seif
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasser A Khadrawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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11
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Rutkoski R, Debarba LK, Stilgenbauer L, Rosenthal T, Sadagurski M, Nagorny P. Selective (α)-l-Rhamnosylation and Neuroprotective Activity Exploration of Cardiotonic Steroids. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:280-286. [PMID: 38352829 PMCID: PMC10860192 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This work describes the studies on the direct C3-glycosylation of the C19-hydroxylated cardiotonic steroids strophanthidol, anhydro-ouabagenin, and ouabagenin using a strategy based on in situ protection of the C5 and C19 hydroxyl groups with boronic acids. While this strategy resulted in a successful one-pot C3-selective glycosylation of strophanthidol and anhydro-ouabegenin, it failed to provide ouabain from ouabagenin. The neuroprotective activity of the synthetic and natural glycosides against LPS-induced neuroinflammation was explored in neonatal mouse primary glia cells. Co-administration of natural and synthetic C3-glycosides at 200 nM concentrations resulted in the significant reduction of the LPS-induced neuroinflammatory markers IL-6, IL-1, TNFα, and IKBKE, with the anhydro-ouabagenin-3-(α)-l-rhamnoside (anhydro-ouabain) showing the most significant effect. At the same time, unglycosylated anhydro-ouabagenin enhanced rather than suppressed LPS-induced neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Rutkoski
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Lucas Kniess Debarba
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,
Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State
University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Lukas Stilgenbauer
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,
Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State
University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Tay Rosenthal
- Small
Molecule Discovery & Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Marianna Sadagurski
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,
Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State
University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Pavel Nagorny
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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12
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Horesh N, Pelov I, Pogodin I, Zannadeh H, Rosen H, Mikhrina AL, Dvela-Levitt M, Sampath VP, Lichtstein D. Involvement of the Na +, K +-ATPase α1 Isoform and Endogenous Cardiac Steroids in Depression- and Manic-like Behaviors. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1644. [PMID: 38338921 PMCID: PMC10855204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and common chronic mental illness characterized by recurrent mood swings between depression and mania. The biological basis of the disease is poorly understood, and its treatment is unsatisfactory. Na+, K+-ATPase is a major plasma membrane transporter and signal transducer. The catalytic α subunit of this enzyme is the binding site for cardiac steroids. Three α isoforms of the Na+, K+-ATPase are present in the brain. Previous studies have supported the involvement of the Na+, K+-ATPase and endogenous cardiac steroids (ECS) in the etiology of BD. Decreased brain ECS has been found to elicit anti-manic and anti-depressive-like behaviors in mice and rats. However, the identity of the specific α isoform involved in these behavioral effects is unknown. Here, we demonstrated that decreasing ECS through intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of anti-ouabain antibodies (anti-Ou-Ab) decreased the activity of α1+/- mice in forced swimming tests but did not change the activity in wild type (wt) mice. This treatment also affected exploratory and anxiety behaviors in α1+/- but not wt mice, as measured in open field tests. The i.c.v. administration of anti-Ou-Ab decreased brain ECS and increased brain Na+, K+-ATPase activity in wt and α1+/- mice. The serum ECS was lower in α1+/- than wt mice. In addition, a study in human participants demonstrated that serum ECS significantly decreased after treatment. These results suggest that the Na+, K+-ATPase α1 isoform is involved in depressive- and manic-like behaviors and support that the Na+, K+-ATPase/ECS system participates in the etiology of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Horesh
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel; (N.H.); (I.P.); (H.Z.); (A.L.M.); (V.P.S.)
| | - Ilana Pelov
- Jerusalem Mental Health Center, Eitanim Psychiatric Hospital, Jerusalem 91060, Israel;
| | - Ilana Pogodin
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel; (N.H.); (I.P.); (H.Z.); (A.L.M.); (V.P.S.)
| | - Hiba Zannadeh
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel; (N.H.); (I.P.); (H.Z.); (A.L.M.); (V.P.S.)
| | - Haim Rosen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel;
| | - Anastasiia Leonidovna Mikhrina
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel; (N.H.); (I.P.); (H.Z.); (A.L.M.); (V.P.S.)
| | - Moran Dvela-Levitt
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel;
| | - Vishnu Priya Sampath
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel; (N.H.); (I.P.); (H.Z.); (A.L.M.); (V.P.S.)
| | - David Lichtstein
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel; (N.H.); (I.P.); (H.Z.); (A.L.M.); (V.P.S.)
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13
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Chen L, Adolf C, Reincke M, Schneider H. Salt and Aldosterone - Reciprocal and Combined Effects in Preclinical Models and Humans. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:99-106. [PMID: 37683690 PMCID: PMC10781566 DOI: 10.1055/a-2172-7228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Primary aldosteronism is an endocrine disorder caused by excessive production of aldosterone by the adrenal glands, and is recognized as the most important cause of endocrine hypertension. With specific therapy, this type of hypertension is potentially curable. In the general population, high salt intake increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases like stroke. In populations with aldosterone excess, observational and experimental data suggest that aldosterone-induced organ damage requires a combination of high dietary salt intake and high plasma aldosterone, i.e., plasma aldosterone levels inappropriately high for salt status. Therefore, understanding the relationship between plasma aldosterone levels and dietary salt intake and the nature of their combined effects is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. In this review, we present an update on findings about primary aldosteronism and salt intake and the underlying mechanisms governing their interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, LMU Klinikum, LMU
München, München, Germany
| | - Christian Adolf
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, LMU Klinikum, LMU
München, München, Germany
| | - Martin Reincke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, LMU Klinikum, LMU
München, München, Germany
| | - Holger Schneider
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, LMU Klinikum, LMU
München, München, Germany
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14
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Markov AG, Livanova AA, Fedorova AA, Kravtsova VV, Krivoi II. Chronic Ouabain Targets Pore-Forming Claudin-2 and Ameliorates Radiation-Induced Damage to the Rat Intestinal Tissue Barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:278. [PMID: 38203449 PMCID: PMC10778734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) causes disturbances in the functions of the gastrointestinal tract. Given the therapeutic potential of ouabain, a specific ligand of the Na,K-ATPase, we tested its ability to protect against IR-induced disturbances in the barrier and transport properties of the jejunum and colon of rats. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 6-day intraperitoneal injections of vehicle or ouabain (1 µg/kg/day). On the fourth day of injections, rats were exposed to total-body X-ray irradiation (10 Gy) or a sham irradiation. Isolated tissues were examined 72 h post-irradiation. Electrophysiological characteristics and paracellular permeability for sodium fluorescein were measured in an Ussing chamber. Histological analysis and Western blotting were also performed. In the jejunum tissue, ouabain exposure did not prevent disturbances in transepithelial resistance, paracellular permeability, histological characteristics, as well as changes in the expression of claudin-1, -3, -4, tricellulin, and caspase-3 induced by IR. However, ouabain prevented overexpression of occludin and the pore-forming claudin-2. In the colon tissue, ouabain prevented electrophysiological disturbances and claudin-2 overexpression. These observations may reveal a mechanism by which circulating ouabain maintains tight junction integrity under IR-induced intestinal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Markov
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.L.); (A.A.F.); (V.V.K.); (I.I.K.)
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15
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Trant J, Sanchez G, McDermott JP, Blanco G. Ouabain enhances renal cyst growth in a slowly progressive mouse model of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F857-F869. [PMID: 37823195 PMCID: PMC10874652 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00056.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cyst progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is highly dependent on agents circulating in blood. We have previously shown, using different in vitro models, that one of these agents is the hormone ouabain. By binding to Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA), ouabain triggers a cascade of signal transduction events that enhance ADPKD cyst progression by stimulating cell proliferation, fluid secretion, and dedifferentiation of the renal tubular epithelial cells. Here, we determined the effects of ouabain in vivo. We show that daily administration of ouabain to Pkd1RC/RC ADPKD mice for 1-5 mo, at physiological levels, augmented kidney cyst area and number compared with saline-injected controls. Also, ouabain favored renal fibrosis; however, renal function was not significantly altered as determined by blood urea nitrogen levels. Ouabain did not have a sex preferential effect, with male and female mice being affected equally. By contrast, ouabain had no significant effect on wild-type mice. In addition, the actions of ouabain on Pkd1RC/RC mice were exacerbated when another mutation that increased the affinity of NKA for ouabain was introduced to the mice (Pkd1RC/RCNKAα1OS/OS mice). Altogether, this work highlights the role of ouabain as a procystogenic factor in the development of ADPKD in vivo, that the ouabain affinity site on NKA is critical for this effect, and that circulating ouabain is an epigenetic factor that worsens the ADPKD phenotype.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work shows that the hormone ouabain enhances the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in vivo. Ouabain augments the size and number of renal cysts, the kidney weight to body weight ratio, and kidney fibrosis in an ADPKD mouse model. The Na+-K+-ATPase affinity for ouabain plays a critical role in these effects. In addition, these outcomes are independent of the sex of the mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Trant
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, The Kidney Institute, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Gladis Sanchez
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, The Kidney Institute, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Jeffrey P McDermott
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, The Kidney Institute, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Gustavo Blanco
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, The Kidney Institute, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
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16
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Acharya S, Jali P, Pradhan M, Pradhan C, Mohapatra PK. Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Property of a True Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata Bl. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201144. [PMID: 37471640 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves are abundant in bioactive natural substances that fight off pathogenic diseases. Different parts of R. apiculata, an abundant mangrove found in Bhitarkanika National Park, India were extracted with methanol and a mixture of solvents methanol/ethanol/chloroform (60 : 20 : 20) to evaluate their antimicrobial properties. The combination solvent extract of bark had the highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 18.62 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a ZOI of 17.41 mm against Streptococcus mitis. Bark extracts had the highest DPPH (43 %) and FRAP (96 %) activities. The combination solvent bark extract of R. apiculata had the highest ZOI of 20.42 mm (lowest MIC of 2.12 μg/ml) against Candida albicans and ZOI of 15.33 mm (MIC of 3.02 μg/mL) against Penicillium chrysogenum. Combination bark extracts of R. apiculata contained flavanols than methanolic extracts. The crude extract of R. apiculata bark made with a mixture of solvents containing more active ingredients could be used in novel drug formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Acharya
- Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India
- Department of Environmental Science, Government Autonomous College, Phulbani, Kandhamal, 762001, Odisha, India
| | - Pallavi Jali
- Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Madhusmita Pradhan
- Majhighariani Institute of Technology and Science, Rayagada, 765017, Odisha, India
| | - Chinmay Pradhan
- Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India
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17
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Pereira‐Acácio A, Veloso‐Santos JPM, Alves‐Bezerra D, Costa‐Sarmento G, Muzi‐Filho H, Vieyra A. Different antihypertensive and metabolic responses to rostafuroxin in undernourished and normonourished male rats: Outcomes on bodily Na + handling. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15820. [PMID: 37667414 PMCID: PMC10477346 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a pandemic nowadays. We aimed to investigate whether chronic undernutrition modifies the response to the antihypertensive drug rostafuroxin in juvenile hypertensive rats. Chronic undernutrition was induced in male rats using a multideficient diet known as the Regional Basic Diet (RBD), mimicking alimentary habits in impoverished regions worldwide. Animals were given RBD-or a control/CTRL normal diet for rodents-from weaning to 90 days, and rostafuroxin (1 mg/kg body mass) was orally administered from day 60 onwards. For the last 2 days, the rats were hosted in metabolic cages to measure food/energy, water, Na+ ingestion, and urinary volume. Rostafuroxin increased food/energy/Na+ intake in CTRL and RBD rats but had opposite effects on Na+ balance (intake minus urinary excretion). The drug normalized the decreased plasma Na+ concentration in RBD rats, increased urinary volume in RBD but not in CTRL, and decreased and increased urinary Na+ concentration in the RBD and CTRL groups, respectively. Rostafuroxin decreased the ouabain-sensitive (Na+ +K+ )ATPase and increased the ouabain-resistant Na+ -ATPase from proximal tubule cells in both groups and normalized the systolic blood pressure in RBD without effect in CTRL rats. We conclude that chronic undernutrition modifies the response of blood pressure and metabolic responses to rostafuroxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Pereira‐Acácio
- Graduate Program of Translational Biomedicine/BIOTRANSUniversity of Grande RioDuque de CaxiasBrazil
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of BiophysicsFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIOFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine/REGENERARio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - João P. M. Veloso‐Santos
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of BiophysicsFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIOFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine/REGENERARio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Danilo Alves‐Bezerra
- Graduate Program of Translational Biomedicine/BIOTRANSUniversity of Grande RioDuque de CaxiasBrazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIOFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine/REGENERARio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Glória Costa‐Sarmento
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of BiophysicsFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIOFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine/REGENERARio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Humberto Muzi‐Filho
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of BiophysicsFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIOFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine/REGENERARio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- Graduate Program of Translational Biomedicine/BIOTRANSUniversity of Grande RioDuque de CaxiasBrazil
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of BiophysicsFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIOFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine/REGENERARio de JaneiroBrazil
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18
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Socha MW, Chmielewski J, Pietrus M, Wartęga M. Endogenous Digitalis-like Factors as a Key Molecule in the Pathophysiology of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and a Potential Therapeutic Target in Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12743. [PMID: 37628922 PMCID: PMC10454430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), the most severe presentation of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, is the major cause of morbidity and mortality linked to pregnancy, affecting both mother and fetus. Despite advances in prophylaxis and managing PE, delivery of the fetus remains the only causative treatment available. Focus on complex pathophysiology brought the potential for new treatment options, and more conservative options allowing reduction of feto-maternal complications and sequelae are being investigated. Endogenous digitalis-like factors, which have been linked to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia since the mid-1980s, have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, including congestive heart failure and chronic renal disease. Elevated levels of EDLF have been described in pregnancy complicated by hypertensive disorders and are currently being investigated as a therapeutic target in the context of a possible breakthrough in managing preeclampsia. This review summarizes mechanisms implicating EDLFs in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and evidence for their potential role in treating this doubly life-threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej W. Socha
- Department of Perinatology, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Łukasiewicza 1, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Adalbert’s Hospital in Gdańsk, Copernicus Healthcare Entity, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jakub Chmielewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Adalbert’s Hospital in Gdańsk, Copernicus Healthcare Entity, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Miłosz Pietrus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wartęga
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie- Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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19
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Bolignano D, Greco M, D’Agostino M, Cianfrone P, Tripodi L, Misiti R, Zicarelli M, Ganino L, Foti DP, Andreucci M, Coppolino G. Urinary Marinobufagenin in Patients with Non-Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1392. [PMID: 37629682 PMCID: PMC10456778 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The global prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise, posing important challenges for healthcare systems. Thus, the search for new factors potentially involved in the pathogenesis, progression and complications of early CKD remains urgent. Marinobufagenin (MBG) is a natriuretic endogenous cardiotonic steroid, and increased circulating levels of it may accelerate kidney damage. In this study, we explored the possible clinical significance of measuring urinary marinobufagenin (uMBG) in patients with non-advanced CKD. Materials and Methods: One hundred and eight adult CKD patients (mean age 71.6 ± 10 years, 70.4% male; mean eGFR 40.54 ± 17 mL/min/1.73 m2) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. uMBG was measured together with a series of clinical, anthropometric, laboratory and instrumental analyses. Twenty-five healthy matched subjects served as controls for the uMBG measurement. Results: The uMBG values were lower in the patients with CKD as compared to those of the controls (0.37 [IQR: 0.25-0.45] vs. 0.64 [0.46-0.78] nmol/L. p = 0.004), and a significant trend in eGFR levels was noticed across the decreasing uMBG tertiles (p = 0.03). Regarding the correlation analyses, the uMBG values remained robustly associated with the eGFR in multivariate models employing either uMBG or eGFR as the dependent variable (β = 0.248; p = 0.01 and β = 0.139; p = 0.04, respectively). Besides the eGFR, the independent predictors of uMBG values in this population were the use of statins (β = -0.326; p = 0.001), the presence of diabetes (β = 0.243; p = 0.009) and urine sodium (β = 0.204; p = 0.01). Conclusions: Reduced uMBG excretion may reflect impaired renal clearance, which may contribute to the detrimental effects attributed to this hormone due to systemic accumulation. Future studies are needed to clarify the biological mechanisms placing uMBG at the crossroad of sodium intake and the presence of diabetes in CKD-suffering individuals and to verify whether a statin treatment may somewhat limit the detrimental effects of MBG in the presence of impaired renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bolignano
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy (L.T.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna-Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marta Greco
- Clinical Pathology Lab., Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna-Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mario D’Agostino
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy (L.T.)
| | - Paola Cianfrone
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy (L.T.)
| | - Loredana Tripodi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy (L.T.)
| | - Roberta Misiti
- Clinical Pathology Lab., Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Zicarelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna-Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ludovica Ganino
- Clinical Pathology Lab., Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela Patrizia Foti
- Clinical Pathology Lab., Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna-Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy (L.T.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna-Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Coppolino
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Magna-Graecia University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy (L.T.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna-Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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20
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Sodhi K, Maxwell K, Yan Y, Liu J, Chaudhry MA, Xie Z, Shapiro JI. pNaKtide Inhibits Na/K-ATPase Signaling and Attenuates Obesity. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 7:1000238. [PMID: 38283397 PMCID: PMC10812088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing public health crisis across the world and has been recognized as an underlying risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Growing evidence demonstrates the critical role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity and related metabolic dysfunction. As we have established previously that Na/K-ATPase can amplify oxidative stress signaling, we aimed to explore the effect of inhibition of this pathway on obesity phenotype using the peptide antagonist, pNaKtide. The experiments performed in murine preadipocytes showed the dose-dependent effect of pNaKtide in attenuating oxidant stress and lipid accumulation. Furthermore, these in vitro findings were confirmed in C57Bl6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Interestingly, pNaKtide could significantly reduce body weight, ameliorate systemic oxidative and inflammatory milieu and improve insulin sensitivity in obese mice. Hence the study demonstrates the therapeutic utility of pNaKtide as an inhibitor of Na/K-ATPase oxidant amplification signaling to alleviate obesity and associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Sodhi
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Science, and Surgery, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, United States of America
| | - Kyle Maxwell
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Science, and Surgery, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, United States of America
| | - Yanling Yan
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Science, and Surgery, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, United States of America
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Science, and Surgery, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, United States of America
| | - Muhammad A Chaudhry
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Science, and Surgery, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, United States of America
| | - Zijian Xie
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Science, and Surgery, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, United States of America
| | - Joseph I Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Science, and Surgery, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, United States of America
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21
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Carullo N, Fabiano G, D'Agostino M, Zicarelli MT, Musolino M, Presta P, Michael A, Andreucci M, Bolignano D, Coppolino G. New Insights on the Role of Marinobufagenin from Bench to Bedside in Cardiovascular and Kidney Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11186. [PMID: 37446363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Marinobufagenin (MBG) is a member of the bufadienolide family of compounds, which are natural cardiac glycosides found in a variety of animal species, including man, which have different physiological and biochemical functions but have a common action on the inhibition of the adenosine triphosphatase sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+-ATPase). MBG acts as an endogenous cardiotonic steroid, and in the last decade, its role as a pathogenic factor in various human diseases has emerged. In this paper, we have collated major evidence regarding the biological characteristics and functions of MBG and its implications in human pathology. This review focused on MBG involvement in chronic kidney disease, including end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular diseases, sex and gender medicine, and its actions on the nervous and immune systems. The role of MBG in pathogenesis and the development of a wide range of pathological conditions indicate that this endogenous peptide could be used in the future as a diagnostic biomarker and/or therapeutic target, opening important avenues of scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazareno Carullo
- Renal Unit, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fabiano
- Renal Unit, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mario D'Agostino
- Renal Unit, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Michela Musolino
- Renal Unit, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierangela Presta
- Renal Unit, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ashour Michael
- Renal Unit, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Renal Unit, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Davide Bolignano
- Renal Unit, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Coppolino
- Renal Unit, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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22
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Fedorova OV, Shilova VY, Zernetkina V, Juhasz O, Wei W, Lakatta EG, Bagrov AY. Silencing of PKG1 Gene Mimics Effect of Aging and Sensitizes Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells to Cardiotonic Steroids: Impact on Fibrosis and Salt Sensitivity. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e028768. [PMID: 37301747 PMCID: PMC10356040 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Marinobufagenin, NKA (Na/K-ATPase) inhibitor, causes vasoconstriction and induces fibrosis via inhibition of Fli1 (Friend leukemia integration-1), a negative regulator of collagen synthesis. In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide), via a cGMP/PKG1 (protein kinase G1)-dependent mechanism, reduces NKA sensitivity to marinobufagenin. We hypothesized that VSMC from old rats, due to downregulation of ANP/cGMP/PKG-dependent signaling, would exhibit heightened sensitivity to the profibrotic effect of marinobufagenin. Methods and Results Cultured VSMC from the young (3-month-old) and old (24-month-old) male Sprague-Dawley rats and young VSMC with silenced PKG1 gene were treated with 1 nmol/L ANP, or with 1 nmol/L marinobufagenin, or with a combination of ANP and marinobufagenin. Collagen-1, Fli1, and PKG1 levels were assessed by Western blotting analyses. Vascular PKG1 and Fli1 levels in the old rats were reduced compared with their young counterparts. ANP prevented inhibition of vascular NKA by marinobufagenin in young VSMC but not in old VSMC. In VSMC from the young rats, marinobufagenin induced downregulation of Fli1 and an increase in collagen-1 level, whereas ANP blocked this effect. Silencing of the PKG1 gene in young VSMC resulted in a reduction in levels of PKG1 and Fli1; marinobufagenin additionally reduced Fli1 and increased collagen-1 level, and ANP failed to oppose these marinobufagenin effects, similar to VSMC from the old rats with the age-associated reduction in PKG1. Conclusions Age-associated reduction in vascular PKG1 and the resultant decline in cGMP signaling lead to the loss of the ability of ANP to oppose marinobufagenin-induced inhibition of NKA and fibrosis development. Silencing of the PKG1 gene mimicked these effects of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Fedorova
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ScienceNational Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Victoria Y. Shilova
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ScienceNational Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreMDUSA
- Present address:
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | - Valentina Zernetkina
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ScienceNational Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Ondrej Juhasz
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ScienceNational Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Wen Wei
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ScienceNational Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Edward G. Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ScienceNational Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Alexei Y. Bagrov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ScienceNational Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreMDUSA
- Padakonn PharmaNarvaEstonia
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23
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Wells M, Hambye S, Blankert B. Preliminary insight into the potential antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of Bufo bufo and Incilius alvarius poison. Toxicon 2023; 227:107092. [PMID: 36967019 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The rise and spread of resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains are responsible for an increase in therapeutic failures in many of the regions endemic with malaria. The need for new therapeutic candidates is now more urgent than ever. Animal venoms have long been considered as interesting resources to exploit in terms of potential therapeutic candidates. Among these, the cutaneous secretions of toads constitute a rich and diverse source of bioactive molecules. We focused on two different species: Bufo bufo and Incilius alvarius. The dried secretions underwent a solvent-based extraction and were submitted to a systematic bio-guided fractionation approach using preparative thin-layer chromatography. Initial crude extracts were tested in vitro for their antiplasmodial activity. Based on these results, only crude extracts displaying IC50 < 100 μg/mL were considered for further fractionation. All extracts and fractions, including those that did not display antiplasmodial properties, were characterized by chromatographic (LC-UV/MS) and spectrometric techniques (HRMS). Antiplasmodial activity was evaluated in vitro using a chloroquine-sensitive strain (3D7) and a resistant one (W2). Toxicity was assessed on normal human cells for the samples displaying IC50 < 100 μg/mL. Crude extracts from Bufo bufo secretions exhibited no appreciable antiplasmodial activities. However, the methanol and dichloromethane extracts from Incilius alvarius secretions gave IC50 of (34 ± 4) μg/mL and (50 ± 1) μg/mL respectively when tested on W2 strain. No significant effect was observed on 3D7. This poison would warrant further investigation in terms of its antiplasmodial potential. Following preliminary characterization, it was revealed that the fractions of interest contained mainly bufotoxins, bufagins and alkaloids.
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24
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Bolignano D, Greco M, Presta P, Caglioti A, Carullo N, Zicarelli M, Foti DP, Dragone F, Andreucci M, Coppolino G. Marinobufagenin, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Residual Renal Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093072. [PMID: 37176512 PMCID: PMC10179363 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which is a pervasive complication of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), persists in some uremic individuals even after kidney transplantation (Ktx), contributing to worsening CV outcomes. Marinobufagenin (MBG), an endogenous steroid cardiotonic hormone endowed with natriuretic and vasoconstrictive properties, is an acknowledged trigger of uremic cardiomyopathy. However, its clinical significance in the setting of Ktx remains undefined. METHODS In a cohort of chronic Ktx recipients (n = 40), we assessed circulating MBG together with a thorough clinical and echocardiographic examination. Forty matched haemodialysis (HD) patients and thirty healthy subjects served as controls for MBG measurements. Patients were then prospectively followed up to 12 months and the occurrence of an established cardio-renal endpoint (death, CV events, renal events, graft rejection) was recorded. RESULTS Median MBG plasma levels were lower in Ktx as compared with HD patients (p = 0.02), but higher as compared with healthy controls (p = 0.0005). Urinary sodium (β = 0.423; p = 0.01) and eGFR (β = -0.324; p = 0.02) were the sole independent predictors of MBG in this cohort, while a strong correlation with left ventricular mass index (LVMi), found in univariate analyses (R = 0.543; p = 0.0007), gained significance only in multivariate models not including eGFR. Logistic regression analyses indicated MBG as a significant predictor of the combined endpoint (OR 2.38 [1.10-5.12] per each 1 nmoL/L increase; p = 0.01), as well as eGFR, LVMi, serum phosphate and proteinuria. CONCLUSIONS Ktx recipients display altered MBG levels which are influenced by sodium balance, renal impairment and the severity of LVH. Thus, MBG might represent an important missing link between reduced graft function and pathological cardiac remodelling and may hold important prognostic value for improving cardio-renal risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bolignano
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marta Greco
- Clinical Pathology Lab, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierangela Presta
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alfredo Caglioti
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nazareno Carullo
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Zicarelli
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela Patrizia Foti
- Clinical Pathology Lab, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Dragone
- Clinical Pathology Lab, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Coppolino
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna-Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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25
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Garcia IJP, Kinoshita PF, Valadares JMDM, de Carvalho LED, Cortes VF, Barbosa LA, Scavone C, Santos HDL. Effect of Ouabain on Glutamate Transport in the Hippocampus of Rats with LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030920. [PMID: 36979899 PMCID: PMC10045517 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation rat model was used to study the effects of ouabain (OUA) at low concentrations, which can interact with the Na,K-ATPase, causing the modulation of intracellular signalling pathways in the Central Nervous System. Our study aimed to analyse the effects of OUA on glutamate transport in the hippocampus of rats with LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: OUA (1.8 µg/kg), saline (CTR), LPS (200 µg/kg), and OUA + LPS (OUA 20 min before LPS). The animals were sacrificed after 2 h, and the hippocampus was collected for analysis. After treatment, we determined the activities of Na,K-ATPase and glutamine synthetase (GS). In addition, expression of the α1, α2, and α3 isoforms of Na,K-ATPase and the glutamate transporters, EAAT1 and EAAT2, were also analysed. Treatment with OUA caused a specific increase in the α2 isoform expression (~20%), whereas LPS decreased its expression (~22%), and treatment with OUA before LPS prevented the effects of LPS. Moreover, LPS caused a decrease of approximately 50% in GS activity compared with that in the CTR group; however, OUA pre-treatment attenuated this effect of LPS. Notably, it was found that treatment with OUA caused an increase in the expression of EAAT1 (~30%) and EAAT2 (~25%), whereas LPS caused a decrease in the expression of EAAT1 (~23%) and EAAT2 (~25%) compared with that in the CTR group. When treated with OUA, the effects of LPS were abrogated. In conclusion, the OUA pre-treatment abolished the effect caused by LPS, suggesting that this finding may be related to the restoration of the interaction between FXYD2 and the studied membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel José Pereira Garcia
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
- Membrane and ATPase Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Paula Fernanda Kinoshita
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Martins de Moura Valadares
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
- Membrane and ATPase Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Luciana Estefani Drumond de Carvalho
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
- Membrane and ATPase Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Faria Cortes
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
- Membrane and ATPase Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Leandro Augusto Barbosa
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
- Membrane and ATPase Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Cristoforo Scavone
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (H.d.L.S.)
| | - Hérica de Lima Santos
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
- Membrane and ATPase Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Campus Cento-Oeste, Divinópolis 35501-296, Brazil
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (H.d.L.S.)
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26
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Wu KX, Yogarajah T, Choy Loe MW, Kaur P, Hua Lee RC, Mok CK, Wong YH, Phuektes P, Yeo LS, Chow VT, Tan YW, Hann Chu JJ. The host-targeting compound peruvoside has a broad-spectrum antiviral activity against positive-sense RNA viruses. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:2039-2055. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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27
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Shevchenko VP, Nagaev IY, Lopachev AV, Myasoedov NF. Synthesis of Deuterium-Labeled Ouabain – an Internal Standard in Toxicological and Pharmacological Studies. Pharm Chem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-023-02819-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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28
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Rashan LJ, Özenver N, Boulos JC, Dawood M, Roos WP, Franke K, Papasotiriou I, Wessjohann LA, Fiebig HH, Efferth T. Molecular Modes of Action of an Aqueous Nerium oleander Extract in Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041871. [PMID: 36838857 PMCID: PMC9960564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer drug resistance remains a major obstacle in clinical oncology. As most anticancer drugs are of natural origin, we investigated the anticancer potential of a standardized cold-water leaf extract from Nerium oleander L., termed Breastin. The phytochemical characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and low- and high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed several monoglycosidic cardenolides as major constituents (adynerin, neritaloside, odoroside A, odoroside H, oleandrin, and vanderoside). Breastin inhibited the growth of 14 cell lines from hematopoietic tumors and 5 of 6 carcinomas. Remarkably, the cellular responsiveness of odoroside H and neritaloside was not correlated with all other classical drug resistance mechanisms, i.e., ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCB1, ABCB5, ABCC1, ABCG2), oncogenes (EGFR, RAS), tumor suppressors (TP53, WT1), and others (GSTP1, HSP90, proliferation rate), in 59 tumor cell lines of the National Cancer Institute (NCI, USA), indicating that Breastin may indeed bypass drug resistance. COMPARE analyses with 153 anticancer agents in 74 tumor cell lines of the Oncotest panel revealed frequent correlations of Breastin with mitosis-inhibiting drugs. Using tubulin-GFP-transfected U2OS cells and confocal microscopy, it was found that the microtubule-disturbing effect of Breastin was comparable to that of the tubulin-depolymerizing drug paclitaxel. This result was verified by a tubulin polymerization assay in vitro and molecular docking in silico. Proteome profiling of 3171 proteins in the NCI panel revealed protein subsets whose expression significantly correlated with cellular responsiveness to odoroside H and neritaloside, indicating that protein expression profiles can be identified to predict the sensitivity or resistance of tumor cells to Breastin constituents. Breastin moderately inhibited breast cancer xenograft tumors in vivo. Remarkably, in contrast to what was observed with paclitaxel monotherapy, the combination of paclitaxel and Breastin prevented tumor relapse, indicating Breastin's potential for drug combination regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luay J. Rashan
- Frankincense Biodiversity Unit, Research Center, Dhofar University, Salalah 211, Oman
- Correspondence: (L.J.R.); (T.E.); Tel.: +968-2323-7357 (L.J.R.); +49-6131-3925751 (T.E.)
| | - Nadire Özenver
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Joelle C. Boulos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- 4HF Biotec GmbH, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum 12702, Sudan
| | - Wynand P. Roos
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Center of the University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Straße 67, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin Franke
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | | | - Ludger A. Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (L.J.R.); (T.E.); Tel.: +968-2323-7357 (L.J.R.); +49-6131-3925751 (T.E.)
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Yang K, Li Z, Chen Y, Yin F, Ji X, Zhou J, Li X, Zeng T, Fei C, Ren C, Wang Y, Fang L, Chen L, Zhang P, Mu L, Qian Y, Chen Y, Yin W. Na, K-ATPase α1 cooperates with its endogenous ligand to reprogram immune microenvironment of lung carcinoma and promotes immune escape. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade5393. [PMID: 36763655 PMCID: PMC9916986 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade5393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated endocrine hormones (EHs) contribute to tumorigenesis, but how EHs affect the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) and the immunotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unclear. Here, endogenous ouabain (EO), an adrenergic hormone, is elevated in patients with NSCLC and closely related to tumor pathological stage, metastasis, and survival. EO promotes the suppression of TIM in vivo by modulating the expression of immune checkpoint proteins, in which programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) plays a major role. EO increases PD-L1 transcription; however, the EO receptor Na- and K-dependent adenosine triphosphatase (Na, K-ATPase) α1 interacts with PD-L1 to trigger the endocytic degradation of PD-L1. This seemingly contradictory result led us to discover the mechanism whereby EO cooperates with Na, K-ATPase α1 to finely control PD-L1 expression and dampen tumoral immunity. In conclusion, the Na, K-ATPase α1/EO signaling facilitates immune escape in lung cancer, and manipulation of this signaling shows great promise in improving immunotherapy for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zijian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fangzhou Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaojun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiaqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chenghao Fei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chenchen Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lili Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liyan Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuxuan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Lai X, Wen H, Yang T, Qin F, Zhong X, Pan Y, Yu J, Huang J, Li J. Effects of renal denervation on endogenous ouabain in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 37:e371102. [PMID: 36629529 PMCID: PMC9829196 DOI: 10.1590/acb371102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of renal denervation (RDN) on endogenous ouabain (EO) secretion in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS Sixteen 12-week-old male SHR were randomly separated into the renal denervation group (RDNX group) and sham operation group (sham group), and eight age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were served as control group. EO concentrations, the Na+- K+-ATPaseactivity, and the expression of Na+-K+-ATPase were assessed. RESULTS EO levels in serum, kidneys and hypothalamus of sham group were higher than in RDNX group (p < 0.05). Renal Na+-K+-ATPase activity subjected to denervation surgery showed significantly reduction when compared with the sham groups (p < 0.05). A positive correlation existed between norepinephrine (NE) content and Na+-K+-ATPase activity in the kidney (r2 = 0.579). Renal Na+-K+-ATPase α1 subunit mRNA expression was down-regulated in the RDNX group compared with the sham group (P < 0.05), while renal Na+-K+-ATPase α1 subunit mRNA expression was no statistical significance between the groups (P = 0.63). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that there were significant differences in the renal expression of Na+-K+-ATPasebetween the three groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These experiments demonstrate that RDN exerted an anti-hypertensive effect with reduction of EO levels and Na+-K+-ATPase activity and Na+-K+-ATPase α1 subunit expression of kidney in SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Lai
- Postgraduate. Guangxi Medical University – First Affiliated Hospital – Department of Cardiology – Nanning, China
| | - Hong Wen
- PhD. Guangxi Medical University – First Affiliated Hospital – Department of Cardiology – Nanning, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Postgraduate. Guangxi Medical University – First Affiliated Hospital – Department of Cardiology – Nanning, China
| | - Fei Qin
- Postgraduate. Guangxi Medical University – First Affiliated Hospital – Department of Cardiology – Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoge Zhong
- Postgraduate. Guangxi Medical University – First Affiliated Hospital – Department of Cardiology – Nanning, China
| | - Yajin Pan
- Postgraduate. Guangxi Medical University – First Affiliated Hospital – Department of Cardiology – Nanning, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Postgraduate. Guangxi Medical University – First Affiliated Hospital – Department of Cardiology – Nanning, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Postgraduate. Guangxi Medical University – First Affiliated Hospital – Department of Cardiology – Nanning, China
| | - Jianling Li
- PhD, and Postdoctoral Mobile Station. Guangxi Medical University – First Affiliated Hospital – Department of Cardiology – Nanning, China.,Corresponding author:
- 13407710624
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31
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Jiang K, He T, Ji Y, Zhu T, Jiang E. The perspective of hypertension and salt intake in Chinese population. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1125608. [PMID: 36875386 PMCID: PMC9981806 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1125608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt intake is too high nowadays. It has been widely recognized that there is a close relationship between hypertension (HTN) and dietary salt intake. Investigations reveal that long-term high salt intake, mainly sodium intake, induces a relevant increase in blood pressure in hypertensive and normotensive individuals. According to most scientific evidence, a diet with high salt intake in public increases cardiovascular risk, salted-related HTN, and other HTN-associated outcomes. Given the clinical importance, this review aims to present the prevalence of HTN and trends in salt intake in the Chinese population and will comprehensively discuss the risk factors, causes, and mechanisms of the association between salt intake and HTN. The review also highlights the education of Chinese people regarding salt intake and the cost-effectiveness of salt reduction from a global perspective. Finally, the review will emphasize the need to customize the unique Chinese practices to reduce salt intake and how awareness changes people's eating lifestyle and helps adopt diet salt reduction strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Jiang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Tingting He
- Department of Basic Nursing, Henan Technical Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongzhi Ji
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Kaifeng Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Enshe Jiang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Department of Scientific Research, Scope Research Institute of Electrophysiology, Kaifeng, China
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32
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Obradovic M, Sudar-Milovanovic E, Gluvic Z, Banjac K, Rizzo M, Isenovic ER. The Na +/K +-ATPase: A potential therapeutic target in cardiometabolic diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1150171. [PMID: 36926029 PMCID: PMC10011626 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1150171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are a direct consequence of modern living and contribute to the development of multisystem diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus (DM). CMD has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. A sodium pump (Na+/K+-ATPase) is found in most eukaryotic cells' membrane and controls many essential cellular functions directly or indirectly. This ion transporter and its isoforms are important in the pathogenesis of some pathological processes, including CMD. The structure and function of Na+/K+-ATPase, its expression and distribution in tissues, and its interactions with known ligands such as cardiotonic steroids and other suspected endogenous regulators are discussed in this review. In addition, we reviewed recent literature data related to the involvement of Na+/K+-ATPase activity dysfunction in CMD, focusing on the Na+/K+-ATPase as a potential therapeutic target in CMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Obradovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, “VINČA“ Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emina Sudar-Milovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, “VINČA“ Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gluvic
- University Clinical-Hospital Centre Zemun-Belgrade, Clinic of Internal medicine, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Banjac
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, “VINČA“ Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- School of Medicine, Promise Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Manfredi Rizzo,
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, “VINČA“ Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Rubiano-Buitrago P, Pradhan S, Paetz C, Rowland HM. New Structures, Spectrometric Quantification, and Inhibitory Properties of Cardenolides from Asclepias curassavica Seeds. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010105. [PMID: 36615300 PMCID: PMC9822358 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides are a large class of secondary metabolites found in plants. In the genus Asclepias, cardenolides in milkweed plants have an established role in plant-herbivore and predator-prey interactions, based on their ability to inhibit the membrane-bound Na+/K+-ATPase enzyme. Milkweed seeds are eaten by specialist lygaeid bugs, which are the most cardenolide-tolerant insects known. These insects likely impose natural selection for the repeated derivatisation of cardenolides. A first step in investigating this hypothesis is to conduct a phytochemical profiling of the cardenolides in the seeds. Here, we report the concentrations of 10 purified cardenolides from the seeds of Asclepias curassavica. We report the structures of new compounds: 3-O-β-allopyranosyl coroglaucigenin (1), 3-[4'-O-β-glucopyranosyl-β-allopyranosyl] coroglaucigenin (2), 3'-O-β-glucopyranosyl-15-β-hydroxycalotropin (3), and 3-O-β-glucopyranosyl-12-β-hydroxyl coroglaucigenin (4), as well as six previously reported cardenolides (5-10). We test the in vitro inhibition of these compounds on the sensitive porcine Na+/K+-ATPase. The least inhibitory compound was also the most abundant in the seeds-4'-O-β-glucopyranosyl frugoside (5). Gofruside (9) was the most inhibitory. We found no direct correlation between the number of glycosides/sugar moieties in a cardenolide and its inhibitory effect. Our results enhance the literature on cardenolide diversity and concentration among tissues eaten by insects and provide an opportunity to uncover potential evolutionary relationships between tissue-specific defense expression and insect adaptations in plant-herbivore interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rubiano-Buitrago
- Research Group Predators and Toxic Prey, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans Knöll Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Research Group Biosynthesis/NMR, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans Knöll Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: (P.R.-B.); (H.M.R.)
| | - Shrikant Pradhan
- Research Group Predators and Toxic Prey, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans Knöll Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Paetz
- Research Group Biosynthesis/NMR, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans Knöll Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Hannah M. Rowland
- Research Group Predators and Toxic Prey, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans Knöll Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: (P.R.-B.); (H.M.R.)
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Hurtado-Rodríguez D, Salinas-Torres A, Rojas H, Becerra D, Castillo JC. Bioactive 2-pyridone-containing heterocycle syntheses using multicomponent reactions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:34965-34983. [PMID: 36540221 PMCID: PMC9727751 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07056a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
2-Pyridone-containing heterocycles are considered privileged scaffolds in drug discovery due to their behavior as hydrogen bond donors and/or acceptors and nonpeptidic mimics, and remarkable physicochemical properties such as metabolic stability, solubility in water, and lipophilicity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of multicomponent reactions (MCRs) for the synthesis of 2-pyridone-containing heterocycles. In particular, it covers the articles published from 1999 to date related to anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, α-glucosidase inhibitor, and cardiotonic activities of 2-pyridone-containing heterocycles obtained exclusively by an MCR. The discussion focuses on bioactivity data, synthetic approaches, plausible reaction mechanisms, and molecular docking simulations to facilitate comparison and underscore the applications of the 2-pyridone motif in drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. We also present our conclusions and outlook for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hurtado-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
| | - Angélica Salinas-Torres
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
| | - Hugo Rojas
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
| | - Diana Becerra
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
| | - Juan-Carlos Castillo
- Grupo de Catálisis de la UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Avenida Central del Norte 39-115 Tunja Colombia
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Mohammadi S, Özdemir Hİ, Ozbek P, Sumbul F, Stiller J, Deng Y, Crawford AJ, Rowland HM, Storz JF, Andolfatto P, Dobler S. Epistatic Effects Between Amino Acid Insertions and Substitutions Mediate Toxin resistance of Vertebrate Na+,K+-ATPases. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6874786. [PMID: 36472530 PMCID: PMC9778839 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The recurrent evolution of resistance to cardiotonic steroids (CTS) across diverse animals most frequently involves convergent amino acid substitutions in the H1-H2 extracellular loop of Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA). Previous work revealed that hystricognath rodents (e.g., chinchilla) and pterocliform birds (sandgrouse) have convergently evolved amino acid insertions in the H1-H2 loop, but their functional significance was not known. Using protein engineering, we show that these insertions have distinct effects on CTS resistance in homologs of each of the two species that strongly depend on intramolecular interactions with other residues. Removing the insertion in the chinchilla NKA unexpectedly increases CTS resistance and decreases NKA activity. In the sandgrouse NKA, the amino acid insertion and substitution Q111R both contribute to an augmented CTS resistance without compromising ATPase activity levels. Molecular docking simulations provide additional insight into the biophysical mechanisms responsible for the context-specific mutational effects on CTS insensitivity of the enzyme. Our results highlight the diversity of genetic substrates that underlie CTS insensitivity in vertebrate NKA and reveal how amino acid insertions can alter the phenotypic effects of point mutations at key sites in the same protein domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Mohammadi
- Molecular Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Research Group Predators and Toxic Prey, Jena 07745, Germany
| | | | - Pemra Ozbek
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Göztepe, İstanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Fidan Sumbul
- INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Josefin Stiller
- Villum Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Yuan Deng
- Villum Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Andrew J Crawford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hannah M Rowland
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Research Group Predators and Toxic Prey, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Jay F Storz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE
| | - Peter Andolfatto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Susanne Dobler
- Molecular Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany
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Wells M, Fossépré M, Hambye S, Surin M, Blankert B. Uncovering the antimalarial potential of toad venoms through a bioassay-guided fractionation process. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2022; 20:97-107. [PMID: 36343571 PMCID: PMC9772263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Malaria remains to date one of the most devastating parasitic diseases worldwide. The fight against this disease is rendered more difficult by the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains. The need for new therapeutic candidates is now greater than ever. In this study, we investigated the antiplasmodial potential of toad venoms. The wide array of bioactive compounds present in Bufonidae venoms has allowed researchers to consider many potential therapeutic applications, especially for cancers and infectious diseases. We focused on small molecules, namely bufadienolides, found in the venom of Rhinella marina (L.). The developed bio-guided fractionation process includes a four solvent-system extraction followed by fractionation using flash chromatography. Sub-fractions were obtained through preparative TLC. All samples were characterized using chromatographic and spectrometric techniques and then underwent testing on in vitro Plasmodium falciparum cultures. Two strains were considered: 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) and W2 (chloroquine-resistant). This strategy highlighted a promising activity for one compound named resibufogenin. With IC50 values of (29 ± 8) μg/mL and (23 ± 1) μg/mL for 3D7 and W2 respectively, this makes it an interesting candidate for further investigation. A molecular modelling approach proposed a potential binding mode of resibufogenin to Plasmodium falciparum adenine-triphosphate 4 pump as antimalarial drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Wells
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons - UMONS, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Fossépré
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Faculty of Sciences, Research Institute for Biosciences and Research Institute for Materials, University of Mons - UMONS, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Hambye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons - UMONS, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Faculty of Sciences, Research Institute for Biosciences and Research Institute for Materials, University of Mons - UMONS, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Blankert
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons - UMONS, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium.
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Antiviral activity of ouabain against a Brazilian Zika virus strain. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12598. [PMID: 35871157 PMCID: PMC9308787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging arbovirus associated with neurological disorders. Currently, no specific vaccines or antivirals are available to treat the ZIKV infection. Ouabain, a cardiotonic steroid known as Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, has been previously described as an immunomodulatory substance by our group. Here, we evaluated for the first time the antiviral activity of this promising substance against a Brazilian ZIKV strain. Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of ouabain before and after the infection with ZIKV. The antiviral effect was evaluated by the TCID50 method and RT-qPCR. Ouabain presented a dose-dependent inhibitory effect against ZIKV, mainly when added post infection. The reduction of infectious virus was accompanied by a decrease in ZIKV RNA levels, suggesting that the mechanism of ZIKV inhibition by ouabain occurred at the replication step. In addition, our in silico data demonstrated a conformational stability and favorable binding free energy of ouabain in the biding sites of the NS5-RdRp and NS3-helicase proteins, which could be related to its mechanism of action. Taken together, these data demonstrate the antiviral activity of ouabain against a Brazilian ZIKV strain and evidence the potential of cardiotonic steroids as promising antiviral agents.
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Antioxidant, Anti-Cancer Activity and Phytochemicals Profiling of Kigelia pinnata Fruits. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9110379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, research studies on the therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants with potent antioxidant activity and few side effects have grown significantly. This has sparked interest in determining whether naturally occurring antioxidants could take the place of synthetic antioxidants, which are currently being constricted because of their toxic and carcinogenic properties. The identification and quantification of phytochemicals in the methanolic extract of Kigelia pinnata fruits was measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) techniques. Additionally, the methanolic extract of fruits was used to determine antioxidant activity. Free radical-scavenging (DPPH) and ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power were measured using spectrophotometry, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was compared with two common antioxidants, vitamin C and α-tocopherol. Moreover, mature fruits have high DDPH, ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power and total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, mature fruits have high levels of total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content; these compounds are thought to be the sources of the antioxidant activity. The major constituents of the methanolic extracts from the mature fruits of K. pinnata were found to be larixinic acid, 3,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one (DMDP), and 5-Hydrxoymethylfurfural. We performed the elemental analysis of the whole fruit. Huh-7 (liver cancer), PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer), Colo-205 (colorectal cancer), HT-29 (colorectal cancer), SNU-16 (gastric carcinoma), SW620 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) and HCT116 (colon carcinoma) were tested in vitro for anticancer activity. Both methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of mature fruits had a positive effect on all cancer cell lines as compared to the doxorubicin drug. In addition, the methanolic extracts of mature fruits showed more potent cytotoxic effects than the ethyl acetate extracts. Moreover, the most pronounced cytotoxic effects of the methanolic extract were detected in SW620 (colorectal adenocarcinoma), with an IC50 value of 6.79 μg/mL, SNU-16 (gastric carcinoma), with and IC50 value of 8.69 μg/ ml, and in PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer) with an IC50 value of 10.34 μg/mL. Moreover, the results show that the water, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of mature fruits have antioxidant capacity, ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH scavenging activity and also anticancer activity. Therefore, the present study suggests that the phytochemical profiles of mature fruits of K. pinnata may be used as potential natural antioxidants and anti-cancer cell lines.
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Kinoshita PF, Orellana AM, Andreotti DZ, de Souza GA, de Mello NP, de Sá Lima L, Kawamoto EM, Scavone C. Consequences of the Lack of TNFR1 in Ouabain Response in the Hippocampus of C57BL/6J Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112937. [PMID: 36428505 PMCID: PMC9688030 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ouabain is a cardiac glycoside that has a protective effect against neuroinflammation at low doses through Na+/K+-ATPase signaling and that can activate tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the brain. TNF plays an essential role in neuroinflammation and regulates glutamate receptors by acting on two different receptors (tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 [TNFR1] and TNFR2) that have distinct functions and expression. The activation of constitutively and ubiquitously expressed TNFR1 leads to the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the effects of ouabain in a TNFR1 knockout (KO) mouse model. Interestingly, the hippocampus of TNFR1 KO mice showed a basal increase in both TNFR2 membrane expression and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) release, suggesting a compensatory mechanism. Moreover, ouabain activated TNF-α-converting enzyme/a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (TACE/ADAM17), decreased N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit 2A (NR2A) expression, and induced anxiety-like behavior in both genotype animals, independent of the presence of TNFR1. However, ouabain induced an increase in interleukin (IL)-1β in the hippocampus, a decrease in IL-6 in serum, and an increase in NMDA receptor subunit 1 (NR1) only in wild-type (WT) mice, indicating that TNFR1 or TNFR2 expression may be important for some effects of ouabain. Collectively, our results indicate a connection between ouabain signaling and TNFR1, with the effect of ouabain partially dependent on TNFR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Fernanda Kinoshita
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Orellana
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Diana Zukas Andreotti
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Araujo de Souza
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Natalia Prudente de Mello
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Larissa de Sá Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Elisa Mitiko Kawamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Cristoforo Scavone
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Lamichhane S, Mohammed CJ, Haller ST, Kennedy DJ, Isailovic D. Quantification of Cardiotonic Steroids Potentially Regulated by Paraoxonase 3 in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease Using UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113565. [PMID: 36362352 PMCID: PMC9654389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous cardiotonic steroids (CTSs), such as telocinobufagin (TCB) and marinobufagin (MBG) contain a lactone moiety critical to their binding and signaling through the Na+/K+-ATPase. Their concentrations elevate in response to sodium intake and under volume-expanded conditions. Paraoxonase 3 (PON3) is an enzyme that can hydrolyze lactone substrates. Here, we examine the role of PON3 in regulating CTS levels in a rat model of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). TCB and MBG were extracted from rat urine samples, and the analyses were carried out using ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography−Orbitrap-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS). Ten-week-old Dahl salt-sensitive wild type (SS-WT) and Dahl salt-sensitive PON3 knockout (SS-PON3 KO) rats were maintained on a high-salt diet (8% NaCl) for 8 weeks to initiate salt-sensitive hypertensive renal disease characteristic of this model. CTS extraction recovery from urine >80% was achieved. For animals maintained on a normal chow diet, the baseline amount of TCB excreted in 24 h urine of SS-PON3 KO rats (6.08 ± 1.47 ng/24 h; or 15.09 ± 3.25 pmol) was significantly higher than for SS-WT rats (1.48 ± 0.69 ng/24 h; or 3.67 ± 1.54 pmol, p < 0.05). Similarly, for the same animals, the amount of excreted MBG was higher in the urine of SS-PON3 KO rats (4.74 ± 1.30 ng/24 h versus 1.03 ± 0.25 ng/24 h in SS-WT; or 11.83 ± 2.91 pmol versus 2.57 ± 0.56 pmol in SS-WT, p < 0.05). For animals on a high-salt diet, the SS-PON3 KO rats had significantly increased levels of TCB (714.52 ± 79.46 ng/24 h; or 1774.85 ± 175.55 pmol) compared to SS-WT control (343.84 ± 157.54 ng/24 h; or 854.09 ± 350.02 pmol, p < 0.05), and comparatively higher levels of MBG were measured for SS-PON3 KO (225.55 ± 82.61 ng/24 h; or 563.19 ± 184.5 pmol) versus SS-WT (157.56 ± 85.53 ng/24 h; or 393.43 ± 191.01 pmol, p > 0.05) rats. These findings suggest that the presence and absence of PON3 dramatically affect the level of endogenous CTSs, indicating its potential role in CTS regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabitri Lamichhane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Chrysan J. Mohammed
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Steven T. Haller
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - David J. Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Correspondence: (D.J.K.); (D.I.); Tel.: +1+419-383-6822 (D.J.K.); +1+419-530-5523 (D.I.)
| | - Dragan Isailovic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
- Correspondence: (D.J.K.); (D.I.); Tel.: +1+419-383-6822 (D.J.K.); +1+419-530-5523 (D.I.)
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Cereijido M, Jimenez L, Hinojosa L, Castillo A, Martínez-Rendon J, Ponce A. Ouabain-Induced Changes in the Expression of Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels in Epithelial Cells Depend on Cell-Cell Contacts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13257. [PMID: 36362049 PMCID: PMC9655981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ouabain is a cardiac glycoside, initially isolated from plants, and currently thought to be a hormone since some mammals synthesize it endogenously. It has been shown that in epithelial cells, it induces changes in properties and components related to apical-basolateral polarity and cell-cell contacts. In this work, we used a whole-cell patch clamp to test whether ouabain affects the properties of the voltage-gated potassium currents (Ik) of epithelial cells (MDCK). We found that: (1) in cells arranged as mature monolayers, ouabain induced changes in the properties of Ik; (2) it also accelerated the recovery of Ik in cells previously trypsinized and re-seeded at confluence; (3) in cell-cell contact-lacking cells, ouabain did not produce a significant change; (4) Na+/K+ ATPase might be the receptor that mediates the effect of ouabain on Ik; (5) the ouabain-induced changes in Ik required the synthesis of new nucleotides and proteins, as well as Golgi processing and exocytosis, as evidenced by treatment with drugs inhibiting those processes; and (5) the signaling cascade included the participation of cSrC, PI3K, Erk1/2, NF-κB and β-catenin. These results reveal a new role for ouabain as a modulator of the expression of voltage-gated potassium channels, which require cells to be in contact with themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelino Cereijido
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV-IPN, CDMX 07360, Mexico
| | - Lidia Jimenez
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV-IPN, CDMX 07360, Mexico
| | - Lorena Hinojosa
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV-IPN, CDMX 07360, Mexico
| | - Aida Castillo
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV-IPN, CDMX 07360, Mexico
| | - Jacqueline Martínez-Rendon
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV-IPN, CDMX 07360, Mexico
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Campus UAZ Siglo XXI-L1, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Arturo Ponce
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV-IPN, CDMX 07360, Mexico
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Zou D, Wang Q, Chen T, Sang D, Yang T, Wang Y, Gao M, He F, Li Y, He L, Longzhu D. Bufadienolides originated from toad source and their anti-inflammatory activity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1044027. [PMID: 36339575 PMCID: PMC9627299 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1044027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Bufadienolide, an essential member of the C-24 steroid family, is characterized by an α-pyrone positioned at C-17. As the predominantly active constituent in traditional Chinese medicine of Chansu, bufadienolide has been prescribed in the treatment of numerous ailments. It is a specifically potent inhibitor of Na+/K+ ATPase with excellent anti-inflammatory activity. However, the severe side effects triggered by unbiased inhibition of the whole-body cells distributed α1-subtype of Na+/K+ ATPase, restrict its future applicability. Thus, researchers have paved the road for the structural alteration of desirable bufadienolide derivatives with minimal adverse effects via biotransformation. In this review, we give priority to the present evidence for structural diversity, MS fragmentation principles, anti-inflammatory efficacy, and structure modification of bufadienolides derived from toads to offer a scientific foundation for future in-depth investigations and views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denglang Zou
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Duocheng Sang
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Tingqin Yang
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Mengze Gao
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Fangfang He
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Liangliang He
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duojie Longzhu
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
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Short-Term Mild Hypoxia Modulates Na,K-ATPase to Maintain Membrane Electrogenesis in Rat Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911869. [PMID: 36233169 PMCID: PMC9570130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Na,K-ATPase plays an important role in adaptation to hypoxia. Prolonged hypoxia results in loss of skeletal muscle mass, structure, and performance. However, hypoxic preconditioning is known to protect against a variety of functional impairments. In this study, we tested the possibility of mild hypoxia to modulate the Na,K-ATPase and to improve skeletal muscle electrogenesis. The rats were subjected to simulated high-altitude (3000 m above sea level) hypobaric hypoxia (HH) for 3 h using a hypobaric chamber. Isolated diaphragm and soleus muscles were tested. In the diaphragm muscle, HH increased the α2 Na,K-ATPase isozyme electrogenic activity and stably hyperpolarized the extrajunctional membrane for 24 h. These changes were accompanied by a steady increase in the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances as well as a decrease in the serum level of endogenous ouabain, a specific ligand of the Na,K-ATPase. HH also increased the α2 Na,K-ATPase membrane abundance without changing its total protein content; the plasma membrane lipid-ordered phase did not change. In the soleus muscle, HH protected against disuse (hindlimb suspension) induced sarcolemmal depolarization. Considering that the Na,K-ATPase is critical for maintaining skeletal muscle electrogenesis and performance, these findings may have implications for countermeasures in disuse-induced pathology and hypoxic therapy.
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Chemistry and the Potential Antiviral, Anticancer, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Cardiotonic Steroids Derived from Toads. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196586. [PMID: 36235123 PMCID: PMC9571018 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotonic steroids (CTS) were first documented by ancient Egyptians more than 3000 years ago. Cardiotonic steroids are a group of steroid hormones that circulate in the blood of amphibians and toads and can also be extracted from natural products such as plants, herbs, and marines. It is well known that cardiotonic steroids reveal effects against congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation; therefore, the term "cardiotonic" has been coined. Cardiotonic steroids are divided into two distinct groups: cardenolides (plant-derived) and bufadienolides (mainly of animal origin). Cardenolides have an unsaturated five-membered lactone ring attached to the steroid nucleus at position 17; bufadienolides have a doubly unsaturated six-membered lactone ring. Cancer is a leading cause of mortality in humans all over the world. In 2040, the global cancer load is expected to be 28.4 million cases, which would be a 47% increase from 2020. Moreover, viruses and inflammations also have a very nebative impact on human health and lead to mortality. In the current review, we focus on the chemistry, antiviral and anti-cancer activities of cardiotonic steroids from the naturally derived (toads) venom to combat these chronic devastating health problems. The databases of different research engines (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Sci-Finder) were screened using different combinations of the following terms: “cardiotonic steroids”, “anti-inflammatory”, “antiviral”, “anticancer”, “toad venom”, “bufadienolides”, and “poison chemical composition”. Various cardiotonic steroids were isolated from diverse toad species and exhibited superior anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral activities in in vivo and in vitro models such as marinobufagenin, gammabufotalin, resibufogenin, and bufalin. These steroids are especially difficult to identify. However, several compounds and their bioactivities were identified by using different molecular and biotechnological techniques. Biotechnology is a new tool to fully or partially generate upscaled quantities of natural products, which are otherwise only available at trace amounts in organisms.
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Fabri LM, Moraes CM, Costa MIC, Garçon DP, Fontes CFL, Pinto MR, McNamara JC, Leone FA. Salinity-dependent modulation by protein kinases and the FXYD2 peptide of gill (Na +, K +)-ATPase activity in the freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium amazonicum (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183982. [PMID: 35671812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The geographical distribution of aquatic crustaceans is determined by ambient factors like salinity that modulate their biochemistry, physiology, behavior, reproduction, development and growth. We investigated the effects of exogenous pig FXYD2 peptide and endogenous protein kinases A and C on gill (Na+, K+)-ATPase activity, and characterized enzyme kinetic properties in a freshwater population of Macrobrachium amazonicum in fresh water (<0.5 ‰ salinity) or acclimated to 21 ‰S. Stimulation by FXYD2 peptide and inhibition by endogenous kinase phosphorylation are salinity-dependent. While without effect in shrimps in fresh water, the FXYD2 peptide stimulated activity in salinity-acclimated shrimps by ≈50 %. PKA-mediated phosphorylation inhibited gill (Na+, K+)-ATPase activity by 85 % in acclimated shrimps while PKC phosphorylation markedly inhibited enzyme activity in freshwater- and salinity-acclimated shrimps. The (Na+, K+)-ATPase in salinity-acclimated shrimp gills hydrolyzed ATP at a Vmax of 54.9 ± 1.8 nmol min-1 mg-1 protein, corresponding to ≈60 % that of freshwater shrimps. Mg2+ affinity increased with salinity acclimation while K+ affinity decreased. (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase activity increased while V(H+)- and Na+- or K+-stimulated activities decreased on salinity acclimation. The 120-kDa immunoreactive band expressed in salinity-acclimated shrimps suggests nonspecific α-subunit phosphorylation by PKA and/or PKC. These alterations in (Na+, K+)-ATPase kinetics in salinity-acclimated M. amazonicum may result from regulatory mechanisms mediated by phosphorylation via protein kinases A and C and the FXYD2 peptide rather than through the expression of a different α-subunit isoform. This is the first demonstration of gill (Na+, K+)-ATPase regulation by protein kinases in freshwater shrimps during salinity challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M Fabri
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Cintya M Moraes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria I C Costa
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos F L Fontes
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo R Pinto
- Laboratório de Biopatologia e Biologia Molecular, Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - John C McNamara
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião, Brazil
| | - Francisco A Leone
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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Chronic Ouabain Prevents Radiation-Induced Reduction in the α2 Na,K-ATPase Function in the Rat Diaphragm Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810921. [PMID: 36142836 PMCID: PMC9505176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The damaging effect of ionizing radiation (IR) on skeletal muscle Na,K-ATPase is an open field of research. Considering a therapeutic potential of ouabain, a specific ligand of the Na,K-ATPase, we tested its ability to protect against the IR-induced disturbances of Na,K-ATPase function in rat diaphragm muscle that co-expresses the α1 and α2 isozymes of this protein. Male Wistar rats (n = 26) were subjected to 6-day injections of vehicle (0.9% NaCl) or ouabain (1 µg/kg/day). On the fourth day of injections, rats were exposed to one-time total-body X-ray irradiation (10 Gy), or a sham irradiation. The isolated muscles were studied 72 h post-irradiation. IR decreased the electrogenic contribution of the α2 Na,K-ATPase without affecting its protein content, thereby causing sarcolemma depolarization. IR increased serum concentrations of ouabain, IL-6, and corticosterone, decreased lipid peroxidation, and changed cellular redox status. Chronic ouabain administration prevented IR-induced depolarization and loss of the α2 Na,K-ATPase electrogenic contribution without changing its protein content. This was accompanied with an elevation of ouabain concentration in circulation and with the lack of IR-induced suppression of lipid peroxidation. Given the crucial role of Na,K-ATPase in skeletal muscle performance, these findings may have therapeutic implications as countermeasures for IR-induced muscle pathology.
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Na,K-ATPase Acts as a Beta-Amyloid Receptor Triggering Src Kinase Activation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172753. [PMID: 36078160 PMCID: PMC9455167 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-amyloid (Aβ) has a dual role, both as an important factor in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease and as a regulator in brain physiology. The inhibitory effect of Aβ42 oligomers on Na,K-ATPase contributes to neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Still, the physiological role of the monomeric form of Aβ42 interaction with Na,K-ATPase remains unclear. We report that Na,K-ATPase serves as a receptor for Aβ42 monomer, triggering Src kinase activation. The co-localization of Aβ42 with α1- and β1-subunits of Na,K-ATPase, and Na,K-ATPase with Src kinase in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, was observed. Treatment of cells with 100 nM Aβ42 causes Src kinase activation, but does not alter Na,K-ATPase transport activity. The interaction of Aβ42 with α1β1 Na,K-ATPase isozyme leads to activation of Src kinase associated with the enzyme. Notably, prevention of Na,K-ATPase:Src kinase interaction by a specific inhibitor pNaKtide disrupts the Aβ-induced Src kinase activation. Stimulatory effect of Aβ42 on Src kinase was lost under hypoxic conditions, which was similar to the effect of specific Na,K-ATPase ligands, the cardiotonic steroids. Our findings identify Na,K-ATPase as a Aβ42 receptor, thus opening a prospect on exploring the physiological and pathological Src kinase activation caused by Aβ42 in the nervous system.
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Agalakova NI, Reznik VA, Ershov IA, Lupanova EA, Nadei OV, Ivanov DO, David Adair C, Bagrov AY. Silencing of Fli1 Gene Mimics Effects of Preeclampsia and Induces Collagen Synthesis in Human Umbilical Arteries. Am J Hypertens 2022; 35:828-832. [PMID: 35569064 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpac065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously we demonstrated that in patients with preeclampsia elevated levels of endogenous Na/K-ATPase inhibitor, marinobufagenin, cause inhibition of Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (Fli1), a negative regulator of collagen-1 synthesis. We hypothesized that in vitro silencing of Fli1 in healthy human umbilical arteries would be associated with an increase in collagen-1 output, similar to the effect of preeclampsia in rat and human tissues. METHODS The isolated segments of healthy human umbilical arteries were tested for sensitivity to MBG and Fli1 silencing with Fli1 siRNA or control siRNA. RESULTS Following 24-hour incubation of arteries with nanomolar concentrations of marinobufagenin, Fli1 expression was inhibited 5-fold (P < 0.001), and synthesis of collagen-1 increased 3 times (P < 0.01). Twenty-four-hour incubation of umbilical artery fragments with Fli1 siRNA caused a dramatic decrease of Fli1 (7-fold; P < 0.001) and cytoplasmic PKC δ (4-fold; P < 0.001) expression in comparison to control siRNA or untreated control, followed by elevation in procollagen (3-fold; P < 0.001) and collagen-1 (3-fold; P < 0.001) levels in vascular tissue. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that after silencing the Fli1 gene in healthy human umbilical arteries a new phenotype emerges which is typical for preeclampsia and is associated with vascular fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I Agalakova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vitaly A Reznik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan A Ershov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Lupanova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga V Nadei
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry O Ivanov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - C David Adair
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section on Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alexei Y Bagrov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Padakonn Pharma, Narva, Estonia
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49
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Chasalow F. An Introduction to Spiral Steroids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179523. [PMID: 36076935 PMCID: PMC9455587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to classical steroids, which have cholesterol as a precursor, there are steroids with 7-dehydrocholesterol as a precursor. This review describes the identification of these steroids, their biosynthesis, and some aspects of their function. There are three classes of these compounds, distinguished by the number of their carbon atoms, 23, 24, and 25. Each class has a spiral steroid and is a phosphodiester. Up until these investigations, no spiral steroids or steroid phosphodiesters were known. There are at least 13 compounds, of which six have been purified to near homogeneity; each one has been characterized by its mass and proposed composition, and they function by regulating the NaK-ATPase. Based on the tissues in which they have been detected, each class of compound seems to regulate a different isoform of the NaK-ATPase. This is an important site of endocrine regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Chasalow
- IOMA LLC, Belmont, CA 94002-3321, USA; ; Tel.: +1-650-576-1800
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, VAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121-1545, USA
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Harry SA, Xiang MR, Holt E, Zhu A, Ghorbani F, Patel D, Lectka T. Hydroxy-directed fluorination of remote unactivated C(sp 3)-H bonds: a new age of diastereoselective radical fluorination. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7007-7013. [PMID: 35774162 PMCID: PMC9200124 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01907h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a photochemically induced, hydroxy-directed fluorination that addresses the prevailing challenge of high diastereoselectivity in this burgeoning field. Numerous simple and complex motifs showcase a spectrum of regio- and stereochemical outcomes based on the configuration of the hydroxy group. Notable examples include a long-sought switch in the selectivity of the refractory sclareolide core, an override of benzylic fluorination, and a rare case of 3,3'-difluorination. Furthermore, calculations illuminate a low barrier transition state for fluorination, supporting our notion that alcohols are engaged in coordinated reagent direction. A hydrogen bonding interaction between the innate hydroxy directing group and fluorine is also highlighted for several substrates with 19F-1H HOESY experiments, calculations, and more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Andrew Harry
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Michael Richard Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Eric Holt
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Andrea Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Fereshte Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Dhaval Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
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