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Wu Y, Zou J, Tang K, Xia Y, Wang X, Song L, Wang J, Wang K, Wang Z. From electricity to vitality: the emerging use of piezoelectric materials in tissue regeneration. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkae013. [PMID: 38957661 PMCID: PMC11218788 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The unique ability of piezoelectric materials to generate electricity spontaneously has attracted widespread interest in the medical field. In addition to the ability to convert mechanical stress into electrical energy, piezoelectric materials offer the advantages of high sensitivity, stability, accuracy and low power consumption. Because of these characteristics, they are widely applied in devices such as sensors, controllers and actuators. However, piezoelectric materials also show great potential for the medical manufacturing of artificial organs and for tissue regeneration and repair applications. For example, the use of piezoelectric materials in cochlear implants, cardiac pacemakers and other equipment may help to restore body function. Moreover, recent studies have shown that electrical signals play key roles in promoting tissue regeneration. In this context, the application of electrical signals generated by piezoelectric materials in processes such as bone healing, nerve regeneration and skin repair has become a prospective strategy. By mimicking the natural bioelectrical environment, piezoelectric materials can stimulate cell proliferation, differentiation and connection, thereby accelerating the process of self-repair in the body. However, many challenges remain to be overcome before these concepts can be applied in clinical practice, including material selection, biocompatibility and equipment design. On the basis of the principle of electrical signal regulation, this article reviews the definition, mechanism of action, classification, preparation and current biomedical applications of piezoelectric materials and discusses opportunities and challenges for their future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Binshuixi Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Junwu Zou
- College of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Binshuixi Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Kai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ying Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Binshuixi Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xixi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Binshuixi Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Baidi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Lili Song
- College of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Binshuixi Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Baidi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jinhai Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Binshuixi Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Institute of Transplant Medicine, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China
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2
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Islam MR, Yongzheng L, Kareekunnan A, Mizuta H. Room temperature thermal rectification in suspended asymmetric graphene ribbon. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:365401. [PMID: 38848694 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad555d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Thermal rectifiers are essential in optimizing heat dissipation in solid-state devices to enhance energy efficiency, reliability, and overall performance. In this study, we experimentally investigate the thermal rectification phenomenon in suspended asymmetric graphene ribbons (GRs). The asymmetry within the graphene is introduced by incorporating periodic parallel nanoribbons on one side of the GR while maintaining the other side in a pristine form. Our findings reveal a substantial thermal rectification effect in these asymmetric graphene devices, reaching up to 45% at room temperature and increasing further at lower environmental temperatures. This effect is attributed to a significant thermal conductivity contrast between pristine graphene and nanoribbon graphene within the asymmetric structure. We observe that the incorporation of nanoribbons leads to a notable reduction in thermal conductivity, primarily due to phonon scattering and bottleneck effects near the nanoribbon edges. These findings suggest that graphene structures exhibiting asymmetry, facilitated by parallel nanoribbons, hold promise for effective heat management at the nanoscale level and the development of practical phononic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Razzakul Islam
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Japan
| | - Liu Yongzheng
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Japan
| | - Afsal Kareekunnan
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizuta
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Japan
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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3
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Fang Y, Zhou K, Wei W, Zhang J, Sun J. Recent advances in batch production of transfer-free graphene. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10522-10532. [PMID: 38739019 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01339e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Large-area transfer-free graphene films prepared via chemical vapor deposition have proved appealing for various applications, with exciting examples in electronics, photonics, and optoelectronics. To achieve their commercialisation, batch production is a prerequisite. Nevertheless, the prevailing scalable synthesis strategies that have been reported are still obstructed by production inefficiencies and non-uniformity. There has also been a lack of reviews in this realm. We present herein a comprehensive and timely summary of recent advances in the batch production of transfer-free graphene. Primary issues and promising approaches for improving the graphene growth rate are first addressed, followed by a discussion of the strategies to guarantee in-plane and batch uniformity for graphene grown on planar plates and wafer-scale substrates, with the design of the target equipment to meet productivity requirements. Finally, potential research directions are outlined, aiming to offer insights into guiding the scalable production of transfer-free graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Fang
- College of Energy, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Centre, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhou
- College of Energy, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Centre, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, China
| | - Wenze Wei
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, China
| | - Jincan Zhang
- College of Energy, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Centre, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Jingyu Sun
- College of Energy, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Centre, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, China
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4
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Gao W, Zhi G, Zhou M, Niu T. Growth of Single Crystalline 2D Materials beyond Graphene on Non-metallic Substrates. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311317. [PMID: 38712469 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The advent of 2D materials has ushered in the exploration of their synthesis, characterization and application. While plenty of 2D materials have been synthesized on various metallic substrates, interfacial interaction significantly affects their intrinsic electronic properties. Additionally, the complex transfer process presents further challenges. In this context, experimental efforts are devoted to the direct growth on technologically important semiconductor/insulator substrates. This review aims to uncover the effects of substrate on the growth of 2D materials. The focus is on non-metallic substrate used for epitaxial growth and how this highlights the necessity for phase engineering and advanced characterization at atomic scale. Special attention is paid to monoelemental 2D structures with topological properties. The conclusion is drawn through a discussion of the requirements for integrating 2D materials with current semiconductor-based technology and the unique properties of heterostructures based on 2D materials. Overall, this review describes how 2D materials can be fabricated directly on non-metallic substrates and the exploration of growth mechanism at atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Gao
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | | | - Miao Zhou
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tianchao Niu
- Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China
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5
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Cortés-Del Río E, Trivini S, Pascual JI, Cherkez V, Mallet P, Veuillen JY, Cuevas JC, Brihuega I. Shaping Graphene Superconductivity with Nanometer Precision. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308439. [PMID: 38112230 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Graphene holds great potential for superconductivity due to its pure 2D nature, the ability to tune its carrier density through electrostatic gating, and its unique, relativistic-like electronic properties. At present, still far from controlling and understanding graphene superconductivity, mainly because the selective introduction of superconducting properties to graphene is experimentally very challenging. Here, a method is developed that enables shaping at will graphene superconductivity through a precise control of graphene-superconductor junctions. The method combines the proximity effect with scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) manipulation capabilities. Pb nano-islands are first grown that locally induce superconductivity in graphene. Using a STM, Pb nano-islands can be selectively displaced, over different types of graphene surfaces, with nanometre scale precision, in any direction, over distances of hundreds of nanometres. This opens an exciting playground where a large number of predefined graphene-superconductor hybrid structures can be investigated with atomic scale precision. To illustrate the potential, a series of experiments are performed, rationalized by the quasi-classical theory of superconductivity, going from the fundamental understanding of superconductor-graphene-superconductor heterostructures to the construction of superconductor nanocorrals, further used as "portable" experimental probes of local magnetic moments in graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Cortés-Del Río
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | | | - José I Pascual
- CIC nanoGUNE-BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Vladimir Cherkez
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, Grenoble, F-38400, France
- CNRS, Institut Neel, Grenoble, F-38042, France
| | - Pierre Mallet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, Grenoble, F-38400, France
- CNRS, Institut Neel, Grenoble, F-38042, France
| | - Jean-Yves Veuillen
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, Grenoble, F-38400, France
- CNRS, Institut Neel, Grenoble, F-38042, France
| | - Juan C Cuevas
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Departamento Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - Iván Brihuega
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
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6
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Modi KH, Pataniya PM, Sumesh CK. 2D Monolayer Catalysts: Towards Efficient Water Splitting and Green Hydrogen Production. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303978. [PMID: 38299695 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
A viable alternative to non-renewable hydrocarbon fuels is hydrogen gas, created using a safe, environmentally friendly process like water splitting. An important role in water-splitting applications is played by the development of two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal chalcogenides (TMDCs), transition metal carbides (MXenes), graphene-derived 2D layered nanomaterials, phosphorene, and hexagonal boron nitride. Advanced synthesis methods and characterization instruments enabled an effective application for improved electrocatalytic water splitting and sustainable hydrogen production. Enhancing active sites, modifying the phase and electronic structure, adding conductive elements like transition metals, forming heterostructures, altering the defect state, etc., can improve the catalytic activity of 2D stacked hybrid monolayer nanomaterials. The majority of global research and development is focused on finding safer substitutes for petrochemical fuels, and this review summarizes recent advancements in the field of 2D monolayer nanomaterials in water splitting for industrial-scale green hydrogen production and fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna H Modi
- Department of Physical Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, 388421, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - Pratik M Pataniya
- Department of Physical Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, 388421, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - C K Sumesh
- Department of Physical Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, 388421, Changa, Gujarat, India
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7
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Hassan A, Guo Y, Younis U, Mehmood A, Tian X, Wang Q. Contact evaluation of the penta-PdPSe/graphene vdW heterojunction: tuning the Schottky barrier and optical properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11014-11022. [PMID: 38526444 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05589b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we design a van der Waals heterojunction composed of semiconducting penta-PdPSe and semi-metallic graphene (G) monolayers based on state-of-the-art theoretical calculations. Our results show that both monolayers well preserve their intrinsic features and possess an n-type near Ohmic Schottky contact with a low Schottky barrier height of 0.085 eV for the electrons at the vertical interface. The electronic band alignment suggests a negative band bending of -1.47 eV at the lateral interface, implying electrons as the major transport carriers. Moreover, the transmission gap closely mirrors the heterojunction's band gap, indicating a subtle yet profound interaction between graphene and penta-PdPSe monolayers, which leads to enhanced optical absorption coefficient reaching 106 cm-1 and strong conductivity spanning the visible to ultraviolet region. In addition, our study demonstrates the ability to modify the penta-PdPSe/G heterojunction interface, switching between p-type as well as Ohmic contacts by applying external electric fields. These properties render the penta-PdPSe/G heterojunction promising for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzoo Hassan
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yaguang Guo
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Umer Younis
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Andleeb Mehmood
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Tian
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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8
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Adiraju A, Al-Hamry A, Jalasutram A, Wang J, Kanoun O. Multifaceted experiments and photothermal simulations based analysis of laser induced graphene and its fibers. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:59. [PMID: 38548950 PMCID: PMC10978564 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-03999-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of CO2 laser with polyimide results in the formation of laser-induced graphene (LIG) and other morphological transitions based on laser parameters, such as Laser-induced fibers (LIF) on the surface. However, a fundamental investigation of LIF, its properties and potential have not been explored until now. We aim therefore to provide novel insights into the LIF by characterization of its structural, electrical, electrochemical, and mechanical properties. Four different morphologies were identified depending on the laser parameters and the temperature required for their formation were quantified by FEM model. Minimum temperatures of 1800 K were required to form LIG and around 2600 to 5000 K to form LIF. High heterogeneity of the LIF along thickness due to temperature gradients, and the existence of sheet structures underneath the fibers were identified. Due to the loosely bound nature of fibers, LIF dispersion was prepared by ultrasonication to functionalize the carbon electrode for electrochemical characterization. The modification with LIF on the electrodes enhanced the electrochemical response of the electrode towards standard redox couple which confirmed the conductive nature of the fibers. This work provides a solid basis for the versatile tuning of the behavior and properties of LIF for potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Adiraju
- Chair Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Ammar Al-Hamry
- Chair Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Aditya Jalasutram
- Chair Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Junfei Wang
- Chair Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Olfa Kanoun
- Chair Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
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9
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Gautam C, Thakurta B, Pal M, Ghosh AK, Giri A. Wafer scale growth of single crystal two-dimensional van der Waals materials. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:5941-5959. [PMID: 38445855 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06678a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials, including graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and metal dichalcogenides (MCs), form the basis of modern electronics and optoelectronics due to their unique electronic structure, chemical activity, and mechanical strength. Despite many proof-of-concept demonstrations so far, to fully realize their large-scale practical applications, especially in devices, wafer-scale single crystal atomically thin highly uniform films are indispensable. In this minireview, we present an overview on the strategies and highlight recent significant advances toward the synthesis of wafer-scale single crystal graphene, hBN, and MC 2D thin films. Currently, there are five distinct routes to synthesize wafer-scale single crystal 2D vdW thin films: (i) nucleation-controlled growth by suppressing the nucleation density, (ii) unidirectional alignment of multiple epitaxial nuclei and their seamless coalescence, (iii) self-collimation of randomly oriented grains on a molten metal, (iv) surface diffusion and epitaxial self-planarization and (v) seed-mediated 2D vertical epitaxy. Finally, the challenges that need to be addressed in future studies have also been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetna Gautam
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP - 221005, India.
| | - Baishali Thakurta
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP - 221005, India
| | - Monalisa Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP - 221005, India
| | - Anup Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP - 221005, India.
| | - Anupam Giri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP-211002, India
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10
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Yang D, Ma F, Bian X, Xia Q, Xu K, Hu T. The growth of epitaxial graphene on SiC and its metal intercalation: a review. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:173003. [PMID: 38237180 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad201a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
High-quality epitaxial graphene (EG) on SiC is crucial to high-performance electronic devices due to the good compatibility with Si-based semiconductor technology. Metal intercalation has been considered as a basic technology to modify EG on SiC. In the past ten years, there have been extensive research activities on the structural evolution during EG fabrication, characterization of the atomic structure and electronic states of EG, optimization of the fabrication process, as well as modification of EG by metal intercalation. In this perspective, the developments and breakthroughs in recent years are summarized and future expectations are discussed. A good understanding of the growth mechanism of EG and subsequent metal intercalation effects is fundamentally important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Tropical Medicine and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, School of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglong Bian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Tropical Medicine and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Tropical Medicine and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, People's Republic of China
| | - Kewei Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Tropical Medicine and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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11
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Kim J, Lee J, Lee JM, Facchetti A, Marks TJ, Park SK. Recent Advances in Low-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Photodetectors. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300246. [PMID: 37203281 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
New emerging low-dimensional such as 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials have attracted tremendous research interests in various fields of state-of-the-art electronics, optoelectronics, and photonic applications due to their unique structural features and associated electronic, mechanical, and optical properties as well as high-throughput fabrication for large-area and low-cost production and integration. Particularly, photodetectors which transform light to electrical signals are one of the key components in modern optical communication and developed imaging technologies for whole application spectrum in the daily lives, including X-rays and ultraviolet biomedical imaging, visible light camera, and infrared night vision and spectroscopy. Today, diverse photodetector technologies are growing in terms of functionality and performance beyond the conventional silicon semiconductor, and low-dimensional nanomaterials have been demonstrated as promising potential platforms. In this review, the current states of progress on the development of these nanomaterials and their applications in the field of photodetectors are summarized. From the elemental combination for material design and lattice structure to the essential investigations of hybrid device architectures, various devices and recent developments including wearable photodetectors and neuromorphic applications are fully introduced. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges of the low-dimensional nanomaterials based photodetectors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Junho Lee
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sung Kyu Park
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
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12
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Qi Y, Sun L, Liu Z. Super Graphene-Skinned Materials: An Innovative Strategy toward Graphene Applications. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38275278 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Super graphene-skinned materials are emerging members of the graphene composite materials family, which are produced through the high-temperature chemical deposition of continuous graphene layers on traditional engineering materials. The high-performance graphene "skin" endows the traditional engineering materials with additional functionalities, and atomically thin graphene films enter the market by hitching a ride on traditional material carriers. Beyond the physical coating of graphene powders onto engineering materials, the directly grown continuous graphene skin keeps its excellent intrinsic properties to a great extent and holds promise for future applications. Super graphene-skinned material is an innovative pathway for applications of continuous graphene films, which avoids the challenging peeling-transfer process and solves the non-self-supporting issue of ultrathin graphene film. It is a big family, including graphene-skinned powders, fibers, foils, and foams. With further processing and molding, we can obtain graphene-dispersed bulk materials, especially for metal-based graphene-skinned materials, which provides a creative pathway for uniformly dispersing graphene into a metal matrix. In practical applications, graphene-skinned materials would exhibit excellent performance with perfect processing compatibility with current engineering materials and be pushed to real industrial applications relying on the broad market of engineering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qi
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Luzhao Sun
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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13
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Kawabata S, Seki R, Watanabe T, Ohba T. Degradation of Graphene in High- and Low-Humidity Air, and Vacuum Conditions at 300-500 K. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:166. [PMID: 38251131 PMCID: PMC10820515 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Graphene is a fundamental unit of carbon materials and, thus, primary sp2-bonded carbon material. Graphene is, however, easily broken macroscopically despite high mechanical strength, although its natural degradation has rarely been considered. In this work, we evaluate the natural degradation of two-layer graphene in vacuo, in low-humidity air, and in high-humidity air at 300, 400, 450, and 500 K. Over 1000 days of degradation at 300 K, the graphene structure was highly maintained in vacuo, whereas the layer number of graphene tended to decrease in high- and low-humidity air. Water was slightly reacted/chemisorbed on graphene to form surface oxygen groups at 300 K. At 450 and 500 K, graphene was moderately volatilized in vacuo and was obviously oxidized in high- and low-humidity air. Surprisingly, the oxidation of graphene was more suppressed in the high-humidity air than in the low-humidity air, indicating that water worked as an anti-oxidizer of graphene by preventing the chemisorption of oxygen on the graphene surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tomonori Ohba
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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14
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Härtl P, Leisegang M, Kügel J, Bode M. Probing Spin-Dependent Ballistic Charge Transport at Single-Nanometer Length Scales. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11608-11613. [PMID: 38096400 PMCID: PMC10755752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The coherent transport of charge and spin is a key requirement of future devices for quantum computing and communication. Scattering at defects or impurities may significantly reduce the coherence of quantum-mechanical states, thereby affecting the device functionality. While numerous methods exist to experimentally assess charge transport, the real-space detection of a material's ballistic spin transport properties with nanometer resolution remains a challenge. Here we report on a novel approach that utilizes a combination of spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) and the recently introduced molecular nanoprobe (MONA) technique. It relies on the local injection of spin-polarized charge carriers from a magnetic STM tip and their detection by a single surface-deposited phthalocyanine molecule via reversible electron-induced tautomerization events. Based on the particular electronic structure of the Rashba alloy BiAg2, which is governed by a spin-momentum-locked surface state, we prove that the current direction inverses upon tip magnetization reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Härtl
- Physikalisches
Institut, Experimentelle Physik II, Universität
Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Leisegang
- Physikalisches
Institut, Experimentelle Physik II, Universität
Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Kügel
- Physikalisches
Institut, Experimentelle Physik II, Universität
Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Bode
- Physikalisches
Institut, Experimentelle Physik II, Universität
Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Wilhelm
Conrad Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems (RCCM), Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Scott RJ, Valencia-Acuna P, Zhao H. Spatiotemporal Observation of Quasi-Ballistic Transport of Electrons in Graphene. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25368-25376. [PMID: 38091261 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
We report spatiotemporal observations of room-temperature quasi-ballistic electron transport in graphene, which is achieved by utilizing a four-layer van der Waals heterostructure to generate free charge carriers. The heterostructure is formed by sandwiching a MoS2 and MoSe2 heterobilayer between two graphene monolayers. Transient absorption measurements reveal that the electrons and holes separated by the type-II interface between MoS2 and MoSe2 can transfer to the two graphene layers, respectively. Transient absorption microscopy measurements, with high spatial and temporal resolution, reveal that while the holes in one graphene layer undergo a classical diffusion process with a large diffusion coefficient of 65 cm2 s-1 and a charge mobility of 5000 cm2 V-1 s-1, the electrons in the other graphene layer exhibit a quasi-ballistic transport feature, with a ballistic transport time of 20 ps and a speed of 22 km s-1, respectively. The different in-plane transport properties confirm that electrons and holes move independently of each other as charge carriers. The optical generation of ballistic charge carriers suggests potential applications for such van der Waals heterostructures as optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Scott
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Pavel Valencia-Acuna
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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16
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Norimatsu W. A Review on Carrier Mobilities of Epitaxial Graphene on Silicon Carbide. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7668. [PMID: 38138815 PMCID: PMC10744437 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene growth by thermal decomposition of silicon carbide (SiC) is a technique that produces wafer-scale, single-orientation graphene on an insulating substrate. It is often referred to as epigraphene, and has been thought to be suitable for electronics applications. In particular, high-frequency devices for communication technology or large quantum Hall plateau for metrology applications using epigraphene are expected, which require high carrier mobility. However, the carrier mobility of as-grown epigraphene exhibit the relatively low values of about 1000 cm2/Vs. Fortunately, we can hope to improve this situation by controlling the electronic state of epigraphene by modifying the surface and interface structures. In this paper, the mobility of epigraphene and the factors that govern it will be described, followed by a discussion of attempts that have been made to improve mobility in this field. These understandings are of great importance for next-generation high-speed electronics using graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Norimatsu
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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17
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Zheng S, Du F, Zheng L, Han D, Li Q, Shi J, Chen J, Shi X, Huang H, Luo Y, Yang Y, O'Reilly P, Wei L, de Souza N, Hong L, Qian X. Colossal electrocaloric effect in an interface-augmented ferroelectric polymer. Science 2023; 382:1020-1026. [PMID: 38033074 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi7812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The electrocaloric effect demands the maximized degree of freedom (DOF) of polar domains and the lowest energy barrier to facilitate the transition of polarization. However, optimization of the DOF and energy barrier-including domain size, crystallinity, multiconformation coexistence, polar correlation, and other factors in bulk ferroelectrics-has reached a limit. We used organic crystal dimethylhexynediol (DMHD) as a three-dimensional sacrificial master to assemble polar conformations at the heterogeneous interface in poly(vinylidene fluoride)-based terpolymer. DMHD was evaporated, and the epitaxy-like process induced an ultrafinely distributed, multiconformation-coexisting polar interface exhibiting a giant conformational entropy. Under a low electric field, the interface-augmented terpolymer had a high entropy change of 100 J/(kg·K). This interface polarization strategy is generally applicable to dielectric capacitors, supercapacitors, and other related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Feihong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center) and MOE-LSC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Donglin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junye Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiangping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Houbing Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaorong Luo
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yurong Yang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | | | - Linlin Wei
- Bruker (Beijing) Scientific Technology, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Nicolas de Souza
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Sydney, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Liang Hong
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center) and MOE-LSC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoshi Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, and MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University ZhongGuanCun Research Institute, Liyang 213300, China
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18
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Youzi M, Kianezhad M, Vaezi M, Nejat Pishkenari H. Motion of nanovehicles on pristine and vacancy-defected silicene: implications for controlled surface motion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28895-28910. [PMID: 37855185 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02835f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the motion of surface-rolling nanomachines has attracted lots of attention in recent studies, due to their ability in carrying molecular payloads and nanomaterials on the surface. Controlling the surface motion of these nanovehicles is beneficial in the fabrication of nano-transportation systems. In the present study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations alongside the potential energy analysis have been utilized to investigate the motion of C60 and C60-based nanovehicles on the silicene monolayer. Nano-machine simulations are performed using molecular mechanic forcefield. Compared with graphene and hexagonal boron-nitride, the molecules experience a higher energy barrier on the silicene, which leads to a lower diffusion coefficient and higher activation energy of C60 and nanomachines. Overcoming the maximum energy barrier against sliding motion is more probable at higher temperatures where the nanomachines receive higher thermal energy. After evaluating the motion of molecules around local vacancies, we introduce a nanoroad structure that can restrict surface motion. The motion of C60 and nanovehicles over the surface is limited to the width of nanorods up to a certain temperature. To increase the controllability of the motion, a thermal gradient has been applied to the surface and the molecules move toward the lower temperature regions, where they find lower energy levels. Comparing the results of this study with other investigations regarding the surface motion of molecules on boron-nitride and graphene surfaces brings forth the idea of controlling the motion by silicene-based hybrid substrates, which can be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Youzi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Mohammad Kianezhad
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0085, USA
| | - Mehran Vaezi
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Seiti M, Giuri A, Corcione CE, Ferraris E. Advancements in tailoring PEDOT: PSS properties for bioelectronic applications: A comprehensive review. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213655. [PMID: 37866232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In the field of bioelectronics, the demand for biocompatible, stable, and electroactive materials for functional biological interfaces, sensors, and stimulators, is drastically increasing. Conductive polymers (CPs) are synthetic materials, which are gaining increasing interest mainly due to their outstanding electrical, chemical, mechanical, and optical properties. Since its discovery in the late 1980s, the CP Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) has become extremely attractive, being considered as one of the most capable organic electrode materials for several bioelectronic applications in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Main examples refer to thin, flexible films, electrodes, hydrogels, scaffolds, and biosensors. Within this context, the authors contend that PEDOT:PSS properties should be customized to encompass: i) biocompatibility, ii) conductivity, iii) stability in wet environment, iv) adhesion to the substrate, and, when necessary, v) (bio-)degradability. However, consolidating all these properties into a single functional solution is not always straightforward. Therefore, the objective of this review paper is to present various methods for acquiring and improving PEDOT:PSS properties, with the primary focus on ensuring its biocompatibility, and simultaneously addressing the other functional features. The last section highlights a collection of designated studies, with a particular emphasis on PEDOT:PSS/carbon filler composites due to their exceptional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Seiti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, KU Leuven Campus De Nayer, Jan De Nayerlaan 5, Sint-Katelijne-Waver 2860, Belgium
| | - Antonella Giuri
- CNR-NANOTEC-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Polo di Nanotecnologia, c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Ferraris
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, KU Leuven Campus De Nayer, Jan De Nayerlaan 5, Sint-Katelijne-Waver 2860, Belgium.
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20
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Shang X, Li Y, Cao R, Zhou YH, Wan W, Zheng X. Light-induced pure spin current in carbon hexagonal-connected zigzag graphene nanoribbons via magnetic field modulation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:36263-36272. [PMID: 38017781 DOI: 10.1364/oe.501780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Pure spin current, exhibiting no Joule heat and self-powered characteristics, has recently attracted intensive attention. Here, through first-principles calculations and symmetry analysis, we propose a new method to generate photoelectric pure spin current in carbon hexagonal connected three zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) via magnetic field modulation. Specifically, a device with centro-symmetry is designed, which consists of three ZGNRs using two carbon hexagons as connectors ('2-C6'). When the edge spin states of the three ZGNRs from left to right are modulated to AFM-AFM-AFM or FM-AFM-FM by magnetic fields, excellent pure spin currents are obtained which are independent of the photon energy and the angle of the linearly polarized light. However, when the edge spin states are FM-FM-FM orderly, the photocurrent is nearly zero and can be neglected. Analysis show that the first two spin magnetic structures own the spatial inversion antisymmetric spin density which is the origin of stable pure spin currents, while the FM-FM-FM structure owns Cs symmetric spin density, leading to the nearly zero photocurrent. Our findings provide a scheme for obtaining pure spin currents by changing the spin states of the graphene nanoribbons via magnetic field modulation, which is of great importance for the design of spintronic devices.
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21
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Chen TW, Chen SM, Anushya G, Kannan R, G. Al-Sehemi A, Alargarsamy S, Gajendran P, Ramachandran R. Development of Different Kinds of Electrocatalyst for the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Reactions: An Overview. Molecules 2023; 28:7016. [PMID: 37894499 PMCID: PMC10609525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant advancements have been made in the development of CO2 reduction processes for applications such as electrosynthesis, energy storage, and environmental remediation. Several materials have demonstrated great potential in achieving high activity and selectivity for the desired reduction products. Nevertheless, these advancements have primarily been limited to small-scale laboratory settings, and the considerable technical obstacles associated with large-scale CO2 reduction have not received sufficient attention. Many of the researchers have been faced with persistent challenges in the catalytic process, primarily stemming from the low Faraday efficiency, high overpotential, and low limiting current density observed in the production of the desired target product. The highlighted materials possess the capability to transform CO2 into various oxygenates, including ethanol, methanol, and formates, as well as hydrocarbons such as methane and ethane. A comprehensive summary of the recent research progress on these discussed types of electrocatalysts is provided, highlighting the detailed examination of their electrocatalytic activity enhancement strategies. This serves as a valuable reference for the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts with different orientations. This review encompasses the latest developments in catalyst materials and cell designs, presenting the leading materials utilized for the conversion of CO2 into various valuable products. Corresponding designs of cells and reactors are also included to provide a comprehensive overview of the advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan;
| | - Ganesan Anushya
- Department of Physics, St. Joseph College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, Chennai 602 117, India;
| | - Ramanujam Kannan
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Kumara Gurupara Swamigal Arts College (Affiliated to Manomaniam Sundaranar University), Srivaikuntam, Thoothukudi 628 619, India;
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saranvignesh Alargarsamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan;
| | - Pandi Gajendran
- Department of Chemistry, The Madura College (Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University), Vidya Nagar, Madurai 625 011, India;
| | - Rasu Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry, The Madura College (Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University), Vidya Nagar, Madurai 625 011, India;
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22
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Utkan G, Yumusak G, Tunali BC, Ozturk T, Turk M. Production of Reduced Graphene Oxide by Using Three Different Microorganisms and Investigation of Their Cell Interactions. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:31188-31200. [PMID: 37663476 PMCID: PMC10468768 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the huge and efficient functionalities of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for bioengineering applications, the use of harsh chemicals and unfavorable techniques in their production remains a major challenge. Microbial production of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) using specific bacterial strains has gained interest as a sustainable and efficient method. The reduction of GO to RGO by selected bacterial strains was achieved through their enzymatic activities and resulted in the removal of oxygen functional groups from GO, leading to the formation of RGO with enhanced structural integrity. The use of microorganisms offers a sustainable approach, utilizing renewable carbon sources and mild reaction conditions. This study investigates the production of RGO using three different bacterial strains: Lactococcus lactis (L. Lactis), Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), and Escherichia coli (E. coli) and evaluates its toxicity for safe utilization. The aim is to assess the quality of the produced RGO and evaluate its toxicity for potential applications. Thus, this study focused on the microbial production of reduced graphene oxides well as the investigation of their cellular interactions. Graphite-derived graphene oxide was used as a starting material and microbially reduced GO products were characterized using the FTIR, Raman, XRD, TGA, and XPS methods to determine their physical and chemical properties. FTIR shows that the epoxy and some of the alkoxy and carboxyl functional groups were reduced by E. coli and L. lactis, whereas the alkoxy groups were mostly reduced by L. plantarum. The ID/IG ratio from Raman spectra was found as 2.41 for GO. A substantial decrease in the ratio as well as defects was observed as 1.26, 1.35, and 1.46 for ERGO, LLRGO, and LPRGO after microbial reduction. The XRD analysis also showed a significant reduction in the interlayer spacing of the GO from 0.89 to 0.34 nm for all the reduced graphene oxides. TGA results showed that reduction of GO with L. lactis provided more reduction than other bacteria and formed a structure closer to graphene. Similarly, analysis with XPS showed that L lactis provides the most effective reduction with a C/O ratio of 3.70. In the XPS results obtained with all bacteria, it was observed that the C/O ratio increased because of the microbial reduction. Toxicity evaluations were performed to assess the biocompatibility and safety of the produced RGO. Cell viability assays were conducted using DLD-1 and CHO cell lines to determine the potential cytotoxic effects of RGO produced by each bacterial strain. Additionally, apoptotic, and necrotic responses were examined to understand the cellular mechanisms affected by RGO exposure. The results indicated that all the RGOs have concentration-dependent cytotoxicity. A significant amount of cell viability of DLD-1 cells was observed for L. lactis reduced graphene oxide. However, the highest cell viability of CHO cells was observed for L. plantarum reduced graphene oxide. All reduced graphene oxides have low apoptotic and necrotic responses in both cell lines. These findings highlight the importance of considering the specific bacterial strain used in RGO production as it can influence the toxicity and cellular response of the resulting RGO. The toxicity and cellular response to the final RGO can be affected by the particular bacterial strain that is employed to produce it. This information will help to ensure that RGO is used safely in a variety of applications, including tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, and biosensors, where comprehension of its toxicity profile is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guldem Utkan
- SUNUM
Nanotechnology Research Center,Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956,Turkey
| | - Gorkem Yumusak
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722,Turkey
| | - Beste Cagdas Tunali
- Department
of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale 71450,Turkey
| | - Tarik Ozturk
- Food
Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Kocaeli 41470,Turkey
| | - Mustafa Turk
- Department
of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale 71450,Turkey
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23
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Hao L, Zhang J, Liu J, Min Y, Chen C. Applications of Carbon-Based Materials in Activated Peroxymonosulfate for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants: A Review. CHEM REC 2023:e202300203. [PMID: 37639150 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, water pollution has posed a serious threat to aquatic organisms and humans. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) show high oxidation, good selectivity, wide pH range and no secondary pollution in the removal of organic pollutants in water. Carbon-based materials are emerging green catalysts that can effectively activate persulfates to generate radical and non-radical active species to degrade organic pollutants. Compared with transition metal catalysts, carbon-based materials are widely used in SR-AOPs because of their low cost, non-toxicity, acid and alkali resistance, large specific surface area, and scalable surface charge, which can be used for selective control of specific water pollutants. This paper mainly presents several carbon-based materials used to activate PMS, including raw carbon materials and modified carbon materials (heteroatom-doped and metal-doped), analyzes and summarizes the mechanism of activating PMS by carbon-based catalysts, and discusses the influencing factors (temperature, pH, PMS concentration, catalyst concentration, inorganic anions, inorganic cations and dissolved oxygen) in the activation process. Finally, the future challenges and prospects of carbon-based materials in water pollution control are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyun Hao
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Junkai Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuting Min
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Chunguang Chen
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
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24
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Sugak N, Pham H, Datye A, Mukhopadhyay S, Tan H, Li M, Pfefferle LD. Controlling the spacing of the linked graphene oxide system with dithiol linkers under confinement. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:4553-4562. [PMID: 37638151 PMCID: PMC10448350 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00324h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
2D nanoscale confined systems exhibit behavior that is markedly different from that observed at the macroscale. Confinement can be tuned by controlling the interlayer spacing between confining layers using organic dithiol linkers. Adjusting spacing and selective intercalation have important impacts for catalysis, superconductivity, spin engineering, sodium ion batteries, 2D magnets, optoelectronics, and many other applications. In this study, we report how reaction conditions and organic linkers can be used to create variable, reproducible spacings between graphene oxide to provide confinement systems. We determined the conditions under which the spacing can be variably adjusted by the type of linker used, the concentration of the linker, and the reaction conditions. Employing dithiol linkers of different lengths, such as three (TPDT) and four (QPDT) aromatic rings, we can adjust the spacing between graphene oxide layers under varied reaction conditions. Here, we show that by varying dithiol linker length and using different reaction conditions, we can reproducibly control the spacing between graphene oxide layers from 0.37 nm to over 0.50 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sugak
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University PO Box 208286 New Haven CT 06510-8286 USA
| | - Hien Pham
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM 87131 USA
| | - Abhaya Datye
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM 87131 USA
| | - Shomeek Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University PO Box 208286 New Haven CT 06510-8286 USA
| | - Haiyan Tan
- CAMMA Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut PO Box 06269 Storrs CT USA
| | - Min Li
- Materials Characterization Core Yale West Campus West Haven CT 06516 USA
| | - Lisa D Pfefferle
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University PO Box 208286 New Haven CT 06510-8286 USA
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25
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Zhao Y, Du J, Du J, Lu Q, Mikhailova D, Yu M, Pan X. Realizing Highly-Ordered Laser-Reduced Graphene for High-Performance Flexible Microsupercapacitor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301546. [PMID: 37186448 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Laser reduction of graphene oxide (GO) with direct-write technology is promising to develop miniaturized energy storage devices because of highly flexible, mask-free, and chemical-free merits. However, laser reduction of GO is often accompanied with deflagration (spectacular and violent deoxygenating reaction), leading reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films into brittle and irregular internal structure which is harmful to the applications. Here, a pre-reduction strategy is demonstrated to avoid this deflagration and realize a uniform laser-reduced GO (LrGO) matrix for the application of flexible micro-supercapacitors (MSCs).The pre-reduction process with ascorbic acid decreases the content of oxygen-containing functional groups on GO in advance, and thus relieves gases emission and avoids unconstrained expansion during the laser reduction process. In addition, a self-assembled skeleton with pre-reduced GO (PGO) nanosheets could be constructed which is a more appropriate aforehand framework for laser reduction to establish controllable rGO films with the homogenous porosity. The quasi-solid-state MSCs assembled with laser-reduced PGO exhibit the maximum areal capacitance of 88.32 mF cm-2 , good cycling performance (capacitance retention of 82% after 2000 cycles), and outstanding flexibility (no capacitance degradation after bending for 5000 times). This finding provides opportunities to enhance quality of LrGO which is promising for micro-power devices and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden e.V., Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jingwei Du
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jiajun Du
- College of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Qiongqiong Lu
- Institute of Materials, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Conductor Materials, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Daria Mikhailova
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden e.V., Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Minghao Yu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xiaojun Pan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- New Energy Photovoltaic Industry Research Center, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
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26
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Lyu H, Hu K, Wu Z, Shen B, Tang J. Functional materials contributing to the removal of chlorinated hydrocarbons from soil and groundwater: Classification and intrinsic chemical-biological removal mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163011. [PMID: 36965728 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHs) are the main contaminants in soil and groundwater and have posed great challenge on the remediation of soil and ground water. Different remediation materials have been developed to deal with the environmental problems caused by CHs. Remediation materials can be classified into three main categories according to the corresponding technologies: adsorption materials, chemical reduction materials and bioaugmentation materials. In this paper, the classification and preparation of the three materials are briefly described in terms of synthesis and properties according to the different types. Then, a detailed review of the remediation mechanisms and applications of the different materials in soil and groundwater remediation is presented in relation to the various properties of the materials and the different challenges encountered in laboratory research or in the environmental application. The removal trends in different environments were found to be largely similar, which means that composite materials tend to be more effective in removing CHs in actual remediation. For instance, adsorbents were found to be effective when combined with other materials, due to the ability to take advantage of the respective strengths of both materials. The rapid removal of CHs while minimizing the impact of CHs on another material and the material itself on the environment. Finally, suggestions for the next research directions are given in conjunction with this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Zhineng Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Boxiong Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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27
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Shin Y, Kim YW, Kang HJ, Lee JH, Byun JE, Yang JY, Lee JW. Stretchable and Skin-Mountable Temperature Sensor Array Using Reduction-Controlled Graphene Oxide for Dermatological Thermography. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:5391-5398. [PMID: 36971404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Since thermometry of human skin is critical information that provides important aspects of human health and physiology, accurate and continuous temperature measurement is required for the observation of physical abnormalities. However, conventional thermometers are uncomfortable because of their bulky and heavy features. In this work, we fabricated a thin, stretchable array-type temperature sensor using graphene-based materials. Furthermore, we controlled the degree of graphene oxide reduction and enhanced the temperature sensitivity. The sensor exhibited an excellent sensitivity of 2.085% °C-1. The overall device was designed in a wavy meander shape to provide stretchability for the device so that precise detection of skin temperature could be performed. Furthermore, polyimide film was coated to secure the chemical and mechanical stabilities of the device. The array-type sensor enabled spatial heat mapping with high resolution. Finally, we introduced some practical applications of skin temperature sensing, suggesting the possibility of skin thermography and healthcare monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Won Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Ha Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Byun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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28
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La Via F, Alquier D, Giannazzo F, Kimoto T, Neudeck P, Ou H, Roncaglia A, Saddow SE, Tudisco S. Emerging SiC Applications beyond Power Electronic Devices. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1200. [PMID: 37374785 DOI: 10.3390/mi14061200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, several new applications of SiC (both 4H and 3C polytypes) have been proposed in different papers. In this review, several of these emerging applications have been reported to show the development status, the main problems to be solved and the outlooks for these new devices. The use of SiC for high temperature applications in space, high temperature CMOS, high radiation hard detectors, new optical devices, high frequency MEMS, new devices with integrated 2D materials and biosensors have been extensively reviewed in this paper. The development of these new applications, at least for the 4H-SiC ones, has been favored by the strong improvement in SiC technology and in the material quality and price, due to the increasing market for power devices. However, at the same time, these new applications need the development of new processes and the improvement of material properties (high temperature packages, channel mobility and threshold voltage instability improvement, thick epitaxial layers, low defects, long carrier lifetime, low epitaxial doping). Instead, in the case of 3C-SiC applications, several new projects have developed material processes to obtain more performing MEMS, photonics and biomedical devices. Despite the good performance of these devices and the potential market, the further development of the material and of the specific processes and the lack of several SiC foundries for these applications are limiting further development in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Alquier
- GREMAN, UMR 7347, Université de Tours, CNRS, 37071 Tours, France
| | | | - Tsunenobu Kimoto
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Philip Neudeck
- NASA Glenn Research Center, 21000 Brookpark Rd., Cleveland, OH 44135, USA
| | - Haiyan Ou
- Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 343, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Stephen E Saddow
- Electrical Engineering Department, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, ENG 030, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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29
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Hu L, Dong Y, Xie Y, Qian F, Chang P, Fan M, Deng J, Xu C. In Situ Growth of Graphene Catalyzed by a Phase-Change Material at 400 °C for Wafer-Scale Optoelectronic Device Application. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206738. [PMID: 36592430 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of metal foil catalysts in the chemical vapor deposition of graphene films makes graphene transfer an ineluctable part of graphene device fabrication, which greatly limits industrialization. Here, an oxide phase-change material (V2 O5 ) is found to have the same catalytic effect on graphene growth as conventional metals. A uniform large-area graphene film can be obtained on a 10 nm V2 O5 film. Density functional theory is used to quantitatively analyze the catalytic effect of V2 O5 . Due to the high resistance property of V2 O5 at room temperature, the obtained graphene can be directly used in devices with V2 O5 as an intercalation layer. A wafer-scale graphene-V2 O5 -Si (GVS) Schottky photodetector array is successfully fabricated. When illuminated by a 792 nm laser, the responsivity of the photodetector can reach 266 mA W-1 at 0 V bias and 420 mA W-1 at 2 V. The transfer-free device fabrication process enables high feasibility for industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangchen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yibo Dong
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yiyang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Fengsong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Pengying Chang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Mengqi Fan
- School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100124, China
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30
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Rebarchik M, Bhandari S, Kropp T, Mavrikakis M. Insights into the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Graphene-Based Single-Atom Catalysts from First-Principles-Informed Microkinetic Modeling. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rebarchik
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Saurabh Bhandari
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Thomas Kropp
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Manos Mavrikakis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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31
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Kausar A. Carbohydrate polymer derived nanocomposites: design, features and potential for biomedical applications. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2121221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- National Center for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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32
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Huang BR, Hung SC, Ho YS, Chen YS, Yang WD. The Efficiency Study of Graphene Synthesis on Copper Substrate via Chemical Vapor Deposition Method with Methanol Precursor. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13061136. [PMID: 36986030 PMCID: PMC10059143 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Few-layer graphene was successfully synthesized on copper foil via chemical vapor deposition with methanol as a carbon source. This was confirmed by optical microscopy observation, Raman spectra measurement, I2D/IG ratio calculation, and 2D-FWHM value comparisons. Monolayer graphene was also found in similar standard procedures, but it required higher growth temperature and longer time periods. The cost-efficient growth conditions for few-layer graphene are thoroughly discussed via TEM observation and AFM measurement. In addition, it has been confirmed that the growth period can be shortened by increasing growth temperature. With the H2 gas flow rate fixed at 15 sccm, few-layer graphene was synthesized at the lower growth temperature of 700 °C in 30 min, and at 900 °C growth temperature in only 5 min. Successful growth was also achieved without adding hydrogen gas flow; this is probably because H2 can be induced from the decomposition of methanol. Through further defects study of few-layer graphene via TEM observation and AFM measurement, we tried to find possible ways for efficiency and quality management in graphene synthesis in industrial applications. Lastly, we investigated graphene formation after pre-treatment with different gas compositions, and found that gas selection is a crucial factor for a successful synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohr-Ran Huang
- Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Chao Hung
- Fuzhou Polytechnic, Fuzhou University City, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Intelligent Technology Research Centre, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yung-Shou Ho
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Siou Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wein-Duo Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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33
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Graphene in Polymeric Nanocomposite Membranes—Current State and Progress. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
One important application of polymer/graphene nanocomposites is in membrane technology. In this context, promising polymer/graphene nanocomposites have been developed and applied in the production of high-performance membranes. This review basically highlights the designs, properties, and use of polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes in the field of gas separation and purification. Various polymer matrices (polysulfone, poly(dimethylsiloxane), poly(methyl methacrylate), polyimide, etc.), have been reinforced with graphene to develop nanocomposite membranes. Various facile strategies, such as solution casting, phase separation, infiltration, self-assembly, etc., have been employed in the design of gas separation polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes. The inclusion of graphene in polymeric membranes affects their morphology, physical properties, gas permeability, selectivity, and separation processes. Furthermore, the final membrane properties are affected by the nanofiller content, modification, dispersion, and processing conditions. Moreover, the development of polymer/graphene nanofibrous membranes has introduced novelty in the field of gas separation membranes. These high-performance membranes have the potential to overcome challenges arising from gas separation conditions. Hence, this overview provides up-to-date coverage of advances in polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes, especially for gas separation applications. The separation processes of polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes (in parting gases) are dependent upon variations in the structural design and processing techniques used. Current challenges and future opportunities related to polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes are also discussed.
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34
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Horie R, Hirosue R, Kanasaki J, Kisoda K, Yamamoto I, Azuma J, Takahashi K. Optical film-thinning of graphene epitaxially grown on 4H-SiC(0001): robustness of monolayer-graphene against the photoexcitation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:195401. [PMID: 36854184 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acbffc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As the properties of graphene films depend on their stacked atomic layers, their thickness should be accurately controlled to improve their specific properties. However, by existing methods, controlling the homogeneity of graphene films at the atomic level remains difficult. In this work, photo-stimulated structural modifications of few-layer graphene epitaxially grown on 4H-SiC(0001) were studied using Raman scattering spectroscopy and core-level photoemission spectroscopy (CLPES). Iterative excitation with laser pulses (800 nm, 100 fs, p-polarized, 250 mJ cm-2) changed the graphene-related two-dimensional (2D) Raman line, which is composed of three components characterized by their different responses upon photoexcitation: two components decaying at fast and slow rates, and a component highly resistant to excitation. CLPES revealed that the observed decay of the 2D line was associated with the elimination of carbon atoms from the graphene layers, finally leaving the robust thin film of single-layer graphene by prolonged excitation. Therefore, this work clearly demonstrates the thickness-dependent structural stability of graphene to optical excitation and opens a promising new method for thinning graphene. An underlying mechanism for the photo-stimulated modifications was also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Horie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Hirosue
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Jun'ichi Kanasaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Kisoda
- Department of Physics, Wakayama University, Sakaetani 930, Wakayama 640-8441, Japan
| | - Isamu Yamamoto
- Synchrotron Light Application Center, Saga University, Honjo 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Junpei Azuma
- Synchrotron Light Application Center, Saga University, Honjo 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Takahashi
- Synchrotron Light Application Center, Saga University, Honjo 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan
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35
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Graphene-based optofluidic tweezers for refractive-index and size-based nanoparticle sorting, manipulation, and detection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1975. [PMID: 36737494 PMCID: PMC9898258 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29122-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This work proposes a novel design composed of graphene nanoribbons-based optofluidic tweezers to manipulate and sort bio-particles with radii below 2.5 nm. The suggested structure has been numerically investigated by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method employing Maxwell's stress tensor analysis (MST). The finite element method (FEM) has been used to obtain the electrostatic response of the proposed structure. The tweezer main path is a primary channel in the center of the structure, where the microfluidic flow translates the nanoparticle toward this channel. Concerning the microfluid's drag force, the nanoparticles tend to move along the length of the main channel. The graphene nanoribbons are fixed near the main channel at different distances to exert optical forces on the moving nanoparticles in the perpendicular direction. In this regard, sub-channels embedding in the hBN layer on the Si substrate deviate bio-particles from the main path for particular nanoparticle sizes and indices. Intense hotspots with electric field enhancements up to 900 times larger than the incident light are realized inside and around the graphene ribbons. Adjusting the gap distance between the graphene nanoribbon and the main channel allows us to separate the individual particle with a specific size from others, thus guiding that in the desired sub-channel. Furthermore, we demonstrated that in a structure with a large gap between channels, particles experience weak field intensity, leading to a low optical force that is insufficient to detect, trap, and manipulate nanoparticles. By varying the chemical potential of graphene associated with the electric field intensity variations in the graphene ribbons, we realized tunability in sorting nanoparticles while structural parameters remained constant. In fact, by adjusting the graphene Fermi level via the applied gate voltage, nanoparticles with any desired radius will be quickly sorted. Moreover, we exhibited that the proposed structure could sort nanoparticles based on their refractive indices. Therefore, the given optofluidic tweezer can easily detect bio-particles, such as cancer cells and viruses of tiny size.
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36
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Doshi M, Zhang J, Fahrenthold EP. Eddy Current Measurement of Chemiresistive Sensing Transients in Graphene-hBN Heterostructures. ACS Sens 2023; 8:122-132. [PMID: 36583657 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of graphene-based electronic and gas sensing devices has motivated considerable research interest in the properties of graphene-hBN heterostructures. Eddy current measurements of the sheet conductance of graphene-hBN heterostructures show a relatively low conductance, as compared to results previously reported in the literature, all of which were obtained using contact-based measurement methods. Chemiresistive measurements of the graphene-hBN heterostructure response to oxygen adsorption, including hysteric effects under transient multicycle loading, show that the incremental sheet conductance responses of graphene and graphene-hBN sensors differ in sign. A transient, nonlinear, history dependent constitutive model of graphene-hBN response to oxygen adsorption distinguishes stochastic variations in material properties from deterministic variations in sensor performance. The deterministic variations are due to sensing process hysteresis, a phenomenon of central interest in the development of graphene-based sensor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Doshi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Eric P Fahrenthold
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas78712, United States
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37
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Memisoglu G, Murugesan RC, Zubia J, Rozhin AG. Graphene Nanocomposite Membranes: Fabrication and Water Treatment Applications. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13020145. [PMID: 36837648 PMCID: PMC9965488 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, a two-dimensional hexagonal honeycomb carbon structure, is widely used in membrane technologies thanks to its unique optical, electrical, mechanical, thermal, chemical and photoelectric properties. The light weight, mechanical strength, anti-bacterial effect, and pollution-adsorption properties of graphene membranes are valuable in water treatment studies. Incorporation of nanoparticles like carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and metal oxide into the graphene filtering nanocomposite membrane structure can provide an improved photocatalysis process in a water treatment system. With the rapid development of graphene nanocomposites and graphene nanocomposite membrane-based acoustically supported filtering systems, including CNTs and visible-light active metal oxide photocatalyst, it is necessary to develop the researches of sustainable and environmentally friendly applications that can lead to new and groundbreaking water treatment systems. In this review, characteristic properties of graphene and graphene nanocomposites are examined, various methods for the synthesis and dispersion processes of graphene, CNTs, metal oxide and polymer nanocomposites and membrane fabrication and characterization techniques are discussed in details with using literature reports and our laboratory experimental results. Recent membrane developments in water treatment applications and graphene-based membranes are reviewed, and the current challenges and future prospects of membrane technology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorkem Memisoglu
- Department of Communications Engineering, Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Electronics Technology, Istiklal University, Kahramanmaras 46300, Türkiye
| | | | - Joseba Zubia
- Department of Communications Engineering, Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aleksey G. Rozhin
- Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
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38
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Lu H, Liu W, Wang H, Liu X, Zhang Y, Yang D, Pi X. Molecular beam epitaxy growth and scanning tunneling microscopy study of 2D layered materials on epitaxial graphene/silicon carbide. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:132001. [PMID: 36563353 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acae28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the advent of atomically flat graphene, two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have gained extensive interest due to their unique properties. The 2D layered materials prepared on epitaxial graphene/silicon carbide (EG/SiC) surface by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) have high quality, which can be directly applied without further transfer to other substrates. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) with high spatial resolution and high-energy resolution are often used to study the morphologies and electronic structures of 2D layered materials. In this review, recent progress in the preparation of various 2D layered materials that are either monoelemental or transition metal dichalcogenides on EG/SiC surface by MBE and their STM/STS investigations are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Advanced Semiconductors & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Semiconductor Materials and Devices, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Haolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Advanced Semiconductors & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Semiconductor Materials and Devices, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Deren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Advanced Semiconductors & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Semiconductor Materials and Devices, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Advanced Semiconductors & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Semiconductor Materials and Devices, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, People's Republic of China
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Dzujah DU, Pradipto AM, Hidayat R, Nakamura K. Modification of plasmonic properties in several transition metal-doped graphene studied by the first principles method. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1446-1454. [PMID: 36686940 PMCID: PMC9814376 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06446d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene doped with different transition metal (TM) atoms, namely, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Au, have been investigated through first-principles calculations. The TM atom forms a substitutional defect, replacing one carbon atom in the graphene basal plane, which considerably can be obtained through wet or dry chemical processes as reported elsewhere. The calculation results showed that TM atom substitution leads to the opening of a band gap and the emergence of mid-gap states with the Fermi energy in the middle of it. The effects on optical properties were seen from the calculated optical absorption and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) spectra. Two EELS bands are seen in the far UV region corresponding to the π and (π + σ) plasmons but the influence of the substituted TM effects on the plasmon frequency is small. On the other hand, as the Fermi energy level appears in the middle of the mid-gap state band while the real part of its dielectric permittivity at low photon energy is negative, these TM-doped graphene have a metal-like characteristic. Hence, plasmon wave excitation can be expected at the THz region which is dependent on the dopant TM atom. The plasmon excitation in these TM-doped graphene is thus principally similar to the plasmonic excitation in pure graphene by electric or magnetic fields, where the Fermi energy level is shifted from the graphene Dirac point leading to the possibility of an intraband transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyan Unmu Dzujah
- Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Research Division, Physics Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of TechnologyJl. Ganesha 10BandungIndonesia
| | - Abdul-Muizz Pradipto
- Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Research Division, Physics Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of TechnologyJl. Ganesha 10BandungIndonesia
| | - Rahmat Hidayat
- Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Research Division, Physics Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of TechnologyJl. Ganesha 10BandungIndonesia
| | - Kohji Nakamura
- Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie UniversityTsuMie 514-8507Japan
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Alameri AA, Sanaan Jabbar H, Altimari US, Sultonov MM, Mahdi AB, Solanki R, Shaker Shafik S, Sivaraman R, Aravindhan S, Hadi JM, Mahmood Saleh M, Mustafa YF. Advances in Biosensing of Chemical Food Contaminants Based on the MOFs-Graphene Nanohybrids. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-17. [PMID: 36580293 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2160923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Food safety issue is becoming an international challenge for human health owing to the presence of contaminants. In this context, reliable, rapid, and sensitive detecting technology is extremely demanded to establish food safety assurance systems. MOFs (Metal-organic frameworks) are a new type of porous crystalline material with particular physical and chemical characteristics presented in food safety requirements. (Bio)sensors driven MOF materials have emerged as a promising alternative and complementary analytical techniques, owing to their great specific area, high porosity, and uniform and fine-tunable pore buildings. Nevertheless, the insufficient stability and electrical conductivity of classical MOFs limit their utilization. Employing graphene-derived nanomaterials with high functional elements as patterns for the MOF materials not only improves the structural instability and poor conductivity but also impedes the restacking and aggregation between graphene layers, thus significantly extending the MOFs application. A review of MOFs-graphene-based material used in food contamination detection is urgently needed for encouraging the advance of this field. Herein, this paper systematically outlines current breakthroughs in MOF-graphene-based nanoprobes, outlines their principles, and illustrates their employments in identifying mycotoxins, heavy metal ions, pathogens, antibiotics, and pesticides, referring to their multiplexing and sensitivity ability. The challenges and limitations of applying MOF-graphene composite for precise and efficient assessment of food were also debated. This paper would maybe offer some inspired concepts for an upcoming study on MOF-based composites in the food security context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer A Alameri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Hijran Sanaan Jabbar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Marat Mirzaevich Sultonov
- Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Teaching Methods, Jizzakh, Uzbekistan
| | - Ahmed B Mahdi
- Anesthesia Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Reena Solanki
- Department of Chemistry, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam University, Indore, India
| | - Shafik Shaker Shafik
- Experimental Nuclear Radiation Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - R Sivaraman
- Dwaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav College, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Surendar Aravindhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Jihad M Hadi
- Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Human Development, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Marwan Mahmood Saleh
- Department of Biophysics, College of Applied Sciences, University of Anbar, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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41
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Yin H, Gao X, Liu J, Chen P. Synthesis of N-Doped Few-Layer Graphene through Shock-Induced Carbon Fixation from CO 2. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:109. [PMID: 36616019 PMCID: PMC9824553 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, graphene and N-doped graphene nanosheets were synthesized through the shock-induced reduction of CO2 using a cylindrical shock-loading apparatus. The mixture of solid CO2 and Mg powder was filled in the pre-cooled sample tube and then impacted by a shock-driven cylindrical flyer tube. The impact generated a shockwave that propagated into the mixed precursor, inducing a chemical reaction between CO2 and Mg at a high shock pressure and high shock temperature. The recovered black powders were characterized via various techniques, confirming the presences of few-layer graphene. The mechanism is carefully shown to be that CO2 was reduced by Mg to form few-layer graphene under shock-induced high pressure and high temperature. By adding carbamide as an N source, this synthetic route was also applied to synthesize N-doped graphene nanosheets. Moreover, the yield and mass of the graphene materials in this study are up to 40% and 0.5 g, respectively. This study showed an efficient and easy-to-scale-up route to prepare few-layer graphene and N-doped few-layer graphene through shock synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yin
- Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 612900, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan 250307, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Pengwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan 250307, China
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42
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Effect of external magnetic field and doping on electronic and thermodynamic properties of planer and buckled silicene monolayer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22277. [PMID: 36566250 PMCID: PMC9789949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26353-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, the electronic and thermodynamic properties of the planer and buckled silicene monolayer under an external magnetic field and doping using the tight-binding (TB) model and the Green function approach are investigated. Also, the dependence of the electronic heat capacity and magnetic susceptibility with temperature, external magnetic field, electron, and hole doping for the planer and buckled silicene monolayer is calculated. Our numerical calculation exhibits that the planer and buckled silicene monolayer have a zero band gap. We find that the electronic heat capacity increases (decreases) by applying an external magnetic field, and electron and hole doping at lower (higher) temperatures due to the increase in the thermal energy (scattering and collision) of the charge carriers. Finally, we observe that the planer and buckled silicene monolayer is antiferromagnetic, which is changed to the ferromagnetic phase when an external magnetic field and doping are applied, which makes the silicene monolayer suitable for spintronic applications.
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Arockiaraj M, Fiona JC, Kavitha SRJ, Shalini AJ, Balasubramanian K. Topological and Spectral Properties of Wavy Zigzag Nanoribbons. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010152. [PMID: 36615349 PMCID: PMC9822221 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Low-dimensional graphene-based nanomaterials are interesting due to their cutting-edge electronic and magnetic properties. Their large surface area, strong mechanical resistance, and electronic properties have enabled potential pharmaceutical and opto-electronic applications. Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are graphene strips of nanometer size possessing zigzag and armchair edge geometries with tunable widths. Despite the recent developments in the characterization, design and synthesis of GNRs, the study of electronic, magnetic and topological properties, GNRs continue to pose a challenge owing to their multidimensionality. In this study, we obtain the topological and electronic properties of a series of wave-like nanoribbons comprising nanographene units with zigzag-shaped edges. The edge partition techniques based on the convex components are employed to compute the mathematical formulae of molecular descriptors for the wave-like zigzag GNRs. We have also obtained the spectral and energetic properties including HOMO-LUMO gaps, bond delocalization energies, resonance energies, 13C NMR and ESR patterns for the GNRs. All of these computations reveal zero to very low HOMO-LUMO gaps that make these nanoribbons potential candidates for topological spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Celin Fiona
- Department of Mathematics, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India
| | | | - Arul Jeya Shalini
- Department of Mathematics, Women’s Christian College, Chennai 600006, India
| | - Krishnan Balasubramanian
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA
- Correspondence:
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44
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An epitaxial graphene platform for zero-energy edge state nanoelectronics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7814. [PMID: 36535919 PMCID: PMC9763431 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene's original promise to succeed silicon faltered due to pervasive edge disorder in lithographically patterned deposited graphene and the lack of a new electronics paradigm. Here we demonstrate that the annealed edges in conventionally patterned graphene epitaxially grown on a silicon carbide substrate (epigraphene) are stabilized by the substrate and support a protected edge state. The edge state has a mean free path that is greater than 50 microns, 5000 times greater than the bulk states and involves a theoretically unexpected Majorana-like zero-energy non-degenerate quasiparticle that does not produce a Hall voltage. In seamless integrated structures, the edge state forms a zero-energy one-dimensional ballistic network with essentially dissipationless nodes at ribbon-ribbon junctions. Seamless device structures offer a variety of switching possibilities including quantum coherent devices at low temperatures. This makes epigraphene a technologically viable graphene nanoelectronics platform that has the potential to succeed silicon nanoelectronics.
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45
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Luo X, Liang G, Li Y, Yu F, Zhao X. Regulating the Electronic Structure of Freestanding Graphene on SiC by Ge/Sn Intercalation: A Theoretical Study. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27249004. [PMID: 36558135 PMCID: PMC9788586 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The intrinsic n-type of epitaxial graphene on SiC substrate limits its applications in microelectronic devices, and it is thus vital to modulate and achieve p-type and charge-neutral graphene. The main groups of metal intercalations, such as Ge and Sn, are found to be excellent candidates to achieve this goal based on the first-principle calculation results. They can modulate the conduction type of graphene via intercalation coverages and bring out interesting magnetic properties to the entire intercalation structures without inducing magnetism to graphene, which is superior to the transition metal intercalations, such as Fe and Mn. It is found that the Ge intercalation leads to ambipolar doping of graphene, and the p-type graphene can only be obtained when forming the Ge adatom between Ge layer and graphene. Charge-neutral graphene can be achieved under high Sn intercalation coverage (7/8 bilayer) owing to the significantly increased distance between graphene and deformed Sn intercalation. These findings would open up an avenue for developing novel graphene-based spintronic and electric devices on SiC substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Luo
- State Key Lab of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guojun Liang
- State Key Lab of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yanlu Li
- State Key Lab of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Fapeng Yu
- State Key Lab of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Center for Optics Research and Engineering of Shandong University, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
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Kolmer M, Ko W, Hall J, Chen S, Zhang J, Zhao H, Ke L, Wang CZ, Li AP, Tringides MC. Breaking of Inversion Symmetry and Interlayer Electronic Coupling in Bilayer Graphene Heterostructure by Structural Implementation of High Electric Displacement Fields. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11571-11580. [PMID: 36475696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the interlayer coupling in two-dimensional (2D) materials generates novel electronic and topological phases. Its effective implementation is commonly done with a transverse electric field. However, phases generated by high displacement fields are elusive in this standard approach. Here, we introduce an exceptionally large displacement field by structural modification of a model system: AB-stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) on a SiC(0001) surface. We show that upon intercalation of gadolinium, electronic states in the top graphene layers exhibit a significant difference in the on-site potential energy, which effectively breaks the interlayer coupling between them. As a result, for energies close to the corresponding Dirac points, the BLG system behaves like two electronically isolated single graphene layers. This is proven by local scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)/spectroscopy, corroborated by density functional theory, tight binding, and multiprobe STM transport. The work presents metal intercalation as a promising approach for the synthesis of 2D graphene heterostructures with electronic phases generated by giant displacement fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kolmer
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
| | - Wonhee Ko
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Joseph Hall
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
| | - Shen Chen
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Physics, Hainan University, Haikou570228, China
| | - Haijun Zhao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, China
| | - Liqin Ke
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
| | - Cai-Zhuang Wang
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
| | - An-Ping Li
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Michael C Tringides
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
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47
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Kaur H, Garg R, Singh S, Jana A, Bathula C, Kim HS, Kumbar SG, Mittal M. Progress and challenges of graphene and its congeners for biomedical applications. J Mol Liq 2022; 368:120703. [PMID: 38130892 PMCID: PMC10735213 DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials by virtue of their small size and enhanced surface area, present unique physicochemical properties that enjoy widespread applications in bioengineering, biomedicine, biotechnology, disease diagnosis, and therapy. In recent years, graphene and its derivatives have attracted a great deal of attention in various applications, including photovoltaics, electronics, energy storage, catalysis, sensing, and biotechnology owing to their exceptional structural, optical, thermal, mechanical, and electrical. Graphene is a two-dimensional sheet of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms of atomic thickness, which are arranged in a honeycomb crystal lattice structure. Graphene derivatives are graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which are highly oxidized and less oxidized forms of graphene, respectively. Another form of graphene is graphene quantum dots (GQDs), having a size of less than 20 nm. Contemporary graphene research focuses on using graphene nanomaterials for biomedical purposes as they have a large surface area for loading biomolecules and medicine and offer the potential for the conjugation of fluorescent dyes or quantum dots for bioimaging. The present review begins with the synthesis, purification, structure, and properties of graphene nanomaterials. Then, we focussed on the biomedical application of graphene nanomaterials with special emphasis on drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, tissue engineering, gene delivery, and chemotherapy. The implications of graphene nanomaterials on human health and the environment have also been summarized due to their exposure to their biomedical applications. This review is anticipated to offer useful existing understanding and inspire new concepts to advance secure and effective graphene nanomaterials-based biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshdeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, University institute of science, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Rahul Garg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Rd, Hussainpur, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Sajan Singh
- AMBER/School of Chemistry, Trinity College of Dublin, Ireland
| | - Atanu Jana
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Chinna Bathula
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, South Korea
| | - Sangamesh G. Kumbar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Mona Mittal
- Department of Chemistry, University institute of science, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab 140413, India
- Department of Chemistry, Galgotia college of engineering, Knowledge Park, I, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
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48
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Blecha T, Vlčková Živcová Z, Sonia FJ, Mergl M, Volochanskyi O, Bodnár M, Rous P, Mizohata K, Kalbáč M, Frank O. Electrical Contact Resistance of Large-Area Graphene on Pre-Patterned Cu and Au Electrodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4444. [PMID: 36558297 PMCID: PMC9780872 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Contact resistance between electrically connected parts of electronic elements can negatively affect their resulting properties and parameters. The contact resistance is influenced by the physicochemical properties of the connected elements and, in most cases, the lowest possible value is required. The issue of contact resistance is also addressed in connection with the increasingly frequently used carbon allotropes. This work aimed to determine the factors that influence contact resistance between graphene prepared by chemical vapour deposition and pre-patterned Cu and Au electrodes onto which graphene is subsequently transferred. It was found that electrode surface treatment methods affect the resistance between Cu and graphene, where contact resistance varied greatly, with an average of 1.25 ± 1.54 kΩ, whereas for the Au electrodes, the deposition techniques did not influence the resulting contact resistance, which decreased by almost two orders of magnitude compared with the Cu electrodes, to 0.03 ± 0.01 kΩ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Blecha
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 2795/8, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Vlčková Živcová
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Farjana J. Sonia
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mergl
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oleksandr Volochanskyi
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Bodnár
- Tesla Blatná a.s., Palackého 644, 388 01 Blatná, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Rous
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 2795/8, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Kenichiro Mizohata
- Department of Physics, Helsinki University, P.O. Box 43, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin Kalbáč
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Otakar Frank
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
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49
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Bazhenov SL, Gudkov MV, Shiyanova KA, Melnikov VP, Goncharuk GP, Gorenberg AY, Gulin AA. Compressive Failure of Polymer Composites Based on Graphene-Coated Particles. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x22700444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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50
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Work Function of Layered Graphene Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition in High Vacuum. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2023-011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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