1
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Liu Q, Wu D, Wu T, Han S, Peng Y, Yuan Z, Cheng Y, Li B, Hu T, Yue L, Xu S, Ding R, Lu M, Li R, Zhang S, Lv B, Zong A, Su Y, Gedik N, Yin Z, Dong T, Wang N. Room-temperature non-volatile optical manipulation of polar order in a charge density wave. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8937. [PMID: 39414809 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Utilizing ultrafast light-matter interaction to manipulate electronic states of quantum materials is an emerging area of research in condensed matter physics. It has significant implications for the development of future ultrafast electronic devices. However, the ability to induce long-lasting metastable electronic states in a fully reversible manner is a long-standing challenge. Here, by using ultrafast laser excitations, we demonstrate the capability to manipulate the electronic polar states in the charge-density-wave material EuTe4 in a non-volatile manner. The process is completely reversible and is achieved at room temperature with an all-optical approach. Each induced non-volatile state brings about modifications to the electrical resistance and second harmonic generation intensity. The results point to layer-specific phase inversion dynamics by which photoexcitation mediates the stacking polar order of the system. Our findings extend the scope of non-volatile all-optical control of electronic states to ambient conditions, and highlight a distinct role of layer-dependent phase manipulation in quasi-two-dimensional systems with inherent sublayer stacking orders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomei Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100913, China.
| | - Tianyi Wu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shanshan Han
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100913, China
| | - Yiran Peng
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhihong Yuan
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Yihan Cheng
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Bohan Li
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100913, China
| | - Tianchen Hu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Li Yue
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shuxiang Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ruoxuan Ding
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100913, China
| | - Rongsheng Li
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Sijie Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Baiqing Lv
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Alfred Zong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yifan Su
- Department of physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Nuh Gedik
- Department of physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Zhiping Yin
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Tao Dong
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Nanlin Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100913, China.
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2
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Stoica VA, Yang T, Das S, Cao Y, Wang HH, Kubota Y, Dai C, Padma H, Sato Y, Mangu A, Nguyen QL, Zhang Z, Talreja D, Zajac ME, Walko DA, DiChiara AD, Owada S, Miyanishi K, Tamasaku K, Sato T, Glownia JM, Esposito V, Nelson S, Hoffmann MC, Schaller RD, Lindenberg AM, Martin LW, Ramesh R, Matsuda I, Zhu D, Chen LQ, Wen H, Gopalan V, Freeland JW. Non-equilibrium pathways to emergent polar supertextures. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:1394-1401. [PMID: 39317816 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01981-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafast stimuli can stabilize metastable states of matter inaccessible by equilibrium means. Establishing the spatiotemporal link between ultrafast excitation and metastability is crucial to understand these phenomena. Here we utilize single-shot optical pump-X-ray probe measurements to capture snapshots of the emergence of a persistent polar vortex supercrystal in a heterostructure that hosts a fine balance between built-in electrostatic and elastic frustrations by design. By perturbing this balance with photoinduced charges, an initially heterogeneous mixture of polar phase disorders within a few picoseconds, leading to a state composed of disordered ferroelectric and suppressed vortex orders. On the picosecond-nanosecond timescales, transient labyrinthine fluctuations develop, accompanied by the recovery of the vortex order. On longer timescales, these fluctuations are progressively quenched by dynamical strain modulations, which drive the collective emergence of a single vortex supercrystal phase. Our results, corroborated by dynamical phase-field modelling, reveal non-equilibrium pathways following the ultrafast excitation of designer systems to persistent metastability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Stoica
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
| | - Tiannan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujit Das
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Yue Cao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Huaiyu Hugo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yuya Kubota
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Japan
| | - Cheng Dai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Hari Padma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Anudeep Mangu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Quynh L Nguyen
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory & Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Disha Talreja
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Marc E Zajac
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Donald A Walko
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | | | - Shigeki Owada
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Tamasaku
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sato
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - James M Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Vincent Esposito
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Silke Nelson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Matthias C Hoffmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Aaron M Lindenberg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory & Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Lane W Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ramamoorthy Ramesh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Iwao Matsuda
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Long-Q Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Haidan Wen
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
| | - Venkatraman Gopalan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - John W Freeland
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
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3
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Qu J, Cuddy EF, Han X, Liu J, Li H, Zeng YJ, Moritz B, Devereaux TP, Kirchmann PS, Shen ZX, Sobota JA. Screening of Polar Electron-Phonon Interactions near the Surface of the Rashba Semiconductor BiTeCl. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:106401. [PMID: 39303246 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.106401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Understanding electron-phonon coupling in noncentrosymmetric materials is critical for controlling the internal fields which give rise to Rashba interactions. We apply time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (trARPES) to study coherent phonons in the surface and bulk regions of the polar semiconductor BiTeCl. Aided by ab initio calculations, our measurements reveal the coupling of out-of-plane A_{1} modes and an in-plane E_{2} mode. By considering how these modes modulate the electric dipole moment in each unit cell, we show that the polar A_{1} modes are more effectively screened in the metallic surface region, while the nonpolar E_{2} mode couples in both regions. In addition to informing strategies to optically manipulate Rashba interactions, this Letter has broader implications for the behavior of electron-phonon coupling in systems characterized by inhomogeneous dielectric environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Qu
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | - X Han
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - T P Devereaux
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | - Z-X Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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4
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Paul I. Field theoretic description of nonlinear electro-optical responses in centrosymmetric electronic systems. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:433001. [PMID: 39029502 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad65ac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Motivated by the recent developments in terahertz spectroscopy using pump-probe setups to study correlated electronic materials, we review the field theoretical formalism to compute finite frequency nonlinear electro-optical responses in centrosymmetric systems starting from basic time dependent perturbation theory. We express the nonlinear current kernel as a sum of several causal response functions. These causal functions cannot be evaluated using perturbative field theory methods, since they are not contour ordered. Consequently, we associate each response function with a corresponding imaginary time ordered current correlation function, since the latter can be factorized using Wick's theorem. The mapping between the response functions and the correlation functions, suitably analytically continued to real frequencies, is proven exactly. We derive constraints satisfied by the nonlinear current kernel and we prove a generalizedf-sum rule for the nonlinear conductivity, all of which are consequences of particle number conservation. The constraints guarantee that the nonlinear static responses are free from spurious divergences. We apply the theory to compute the gauge invariant nonlinear conductivity of a system of noninteracting electrons in the presence of weak disorder. As special cases of this generalized nonlinear response, we discuss its third harmonic and its instantaneous terahertz Kerr signals. The formalism can be used to compute the nonlinear conductivity in symmetry broken phases of electronic systems such as superconductors, density waves and nematic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Paul
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, 75205 Paris, France
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5
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Zajac M, Zhou T, Yang T, Das S, Cao Y, Guzelturk B, Stoica V, Cherukara MJ, Freeland JW, Gopalan V, Ramesh R, Martin LW, Chen LQ, Holt MV, Hruszkewycz SO, Wen H. Optical Control of Adaptive Nanoscale Domain Networks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405294. [PMID: 38984494 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Adaptive networks can sense and adjust to dynamic environments to optimize their performance. Understanding their nanoscale responses to external stimuli is essential for applications in nanodevices and neuromorphic computing. However, it is challenging to image such responses on the nanoscale with crystallographic sensitivity. Here, the evolution of nanodomain networks in (PbTiO3)n/(SrTiO3)n superlattices (SLs) is directly visualized in real space as the system adapts to ultrafast repetitive optical excitations that emulate controlled neural inputs. The adaptive response allows the system to explore a wealth of metastable states that are previously inaccessible. Their reconfiguration and competition are quantitatively measured by scanning x-ray nanodiffraction as a function of the number of applied pulses, in which crystallographic characteristics are quantitatively assessed by assorted diffraction patterns using unsupervised machine-learning methods. The corresponding domain boundaries and their connectivity are drastically altered by light, holding promise for light-programable nanocircuits in analogy to neuroplasticity. Phase-field simulations elucidate that the reconfiguration of the domain networks is a result of the interplay between photocarriers and transient lattice temperature. The demonstrated optical control scheme and the uncovered nanoscopic insights open opportunities for the remote control of adaptive nanoscale domain networks.
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Grants
- DE-AC02-06CH11357 U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
- DE-SC0012375 U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
- DE-AC02-05-CH11231 U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
- DE-SC0020145 U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Computational Materials and Chemical Sciences
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Zajac
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Tao Zhou
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Tiannan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sujit Das
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Yue Cao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Burak Guzelturk
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Vladimir Stoica
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Mathew J Cherukara
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - John W Freeland
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Venkatraman Gopalan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ramamoorthy Ramesh
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Advanced Materials Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Lane W Martin
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Advanced Materials Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Long-Qing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Martin V Holt
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | | | - Haidan Wen
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
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6
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Fava S, De Vecchi G, Jotzu G, Buzzi M, Gebert T, Liu Y, Keimer B, Cavalleri A. Magnetic field expulsion in optically driven YBa 2Cu 3O 6.48. Nature 2024; 632:75-80. [PMID: 38987601 PMCID: PMC11291272 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Coherent optical driving in quantum solids is emerging as a research frontier, with many reports of interesting non-equilibrium quantum phases1-4 and transient photo-induced functional phenomena such as ferroelectricity5,6, magnetism7-10 and superconductivity11-14. In high-temperature cuprate superconductors, coherent driving of certain phonon modes has resulted in a transient state with superconducting-like optical properties, observed far above their transition temperature Tc and throughout the pseudogap phase15-18. However, questions remain on the microscopic nature of this transient state and how to distinguish it from a non-superconducting state with enhanced carrier mobility. For example, it is not known whether cuprates driven in this fashion exhibit Meissner diamagnetism. Here we examine the time-dependent magnetic field surrounding an optically driven YBa2Cu3O6.48 crystal by measuring Faraday rotation in a magneto-optic material placed in the vicinity of the sample. For a constant applied magnetic field and under the same driving conditions that result in superconducting-like optical properties15-18, a transient diamagnetic response was observed. This response is comparable in size with that expected in an equilibrium type II superconductor of similar shape and size with a volume susceptibility χv of order -0.3. This value is incompatible with a photo-induced increase in mobility without superconductivity. Rather, it underscores the notion of a pseudogap phase in which incipient superconducting correlations are enhanced or synchronized by the drive.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fava
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - G De Vecchi
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - G Jotzu
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - M Buzzi
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - T Gebert
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Y Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - B Keimer
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A Cavalleri
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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7
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Cheng G, Lin MH, Chen HY, Wang D, Wang Z, Qin W, Zhang Z, Zeng C. Reversible modulation of superconductivity in thin-film NbSe 2 via plasmon coupling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6037. [PMID: 39019892 PMCID: PMC11255238 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, lightwave has stood out as an ultrafast, non-contact control knob for developing compact superconducting circuitry. However, the modulation efficiency is limited by the low photoresponse of superconductors. Plasmons, with the advantages of strong light-matter interaction, present a promising route to overcome the limitations. Here we achieve effective modulation of superconductivity in thin-film NbSe2 via near-field coupling to plasmons in gold nanoparticles. Upon resonant plasmon excitation, the superconductivity of NbSe2 is substantially suppressed. The modulation factor exceeds 40% at a photon flux of 9.36 × 1013 s-1mm-2, and the effect is significantly diminished for thicker NbSe2 samples. Our observations can be theoretically interpreted by invoking the non-equilibrium electron distribution in NbSe2 driven by the plasmon-associated evanescent field. Finally, a reversible plasmon-driven superconducting switch is realized in this system. These findings highlight plasmonic tailoring of quantum states as an innovative strategy for superconducting electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | | | | | - Dongli Wang
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zheyan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China
| | - Changgan Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China.
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8
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Truc B, Usai P, Pennacchio F, Berruto G, Claude R, Madan I, Sala V, LaGrange T, Vanacore GM, Benhabib S, Carbone F. Ultrafast generation of hidden phases via energy-tuned electronic photoexcitation in magnetite. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316438121. [PMID: 38900799 PMCID: PMC11214049 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316438121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Phase transitions occurring in nonequilibrium conditions can evolve through high-energy intermediate states inaccessible via equilibrium adiabatic conditions. Because of the subtle nature of such hidden phases, their direct observation is extremely challenging and requires simultaneous visualization of matter at subpicoseconds and subpicometer scales. Here, we show that a magnetite crystal in the vicinity of its metal-to-insulator transition evolves through different hidden states when controlled via energy-tuned ultrashort laser pulses. By directly monitoring magnetite's crystal structure with ultrafast electron diffraction, we found that upon near-infrared (800 nm) excitation, the trimeron charge/orbital ordering pattern is destroyed in favor of a phase-separated state made of cubic-metallic and monoclinic-insulating regions. On the contrary, visible light (400 nm) activates a photodoping charge transfer process that further promotes the long-range order of the trimerons by stabilizing the charge density wave fluctuations, leading to the reinforcement of the monoclinic insulating phase. Our results demonstrate that magnetite's structure can evolve through completely different metastable hidden phases that can be reached long after the initial excitation has relaxed, breaking ground for a protocol to control emergent properties of matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Truc
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - P. Usai
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - F. Pennacchio
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - G. Berruto
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - R. Claude
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - I. Madan
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - V. Sala
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milano20133, Italy
| | - T. LaGrange
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
| | - G. M. Vanacore
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
- Department of Materials Science, Laboratory of Ultrafast Microscopy for Nanoscale Dynamics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan20125, Italy
| | - S. Benhabib
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay91405, France
| | - F. Carbone
- School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, LausanneCH-1015, Switzerland
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9
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Bluschke M, Gupta NK, Jang H, Husain AA, Lee B, Kim M, Na M, Dos Remedios B, Smit S, Moen P, Park SY, Kim M, Jang D, Choi H, Sutarto R, Reid AH, Dakovski GL, Coslovich G, Nguyen QL, Burdet NG, Lin MF, Revcolevschi A, Park JH, Geck J, Turner JJ, Damascelli A, Hawthorn DG. Orbital-selective time-domain signature of nematicity dynamics in the charge-density-wave phase of La 1.65Eu 0.2Sr 0.15CuO 4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400727121. [PMID: 38819998 PMCID: PMC11161785 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400727121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interplay between charge, nematic, and structural ordering tendencies in cuprate superconductors is critical to unraveling their complex phase diagram. Using pump-probe time-resolved resonant X-ray scattering on the (0 0 1) Bragg peak at the Cu [Formula: see text] and O [Formula: see text] resonances, we investigate nonequilibrium dynamics of [Formula: see text] nematic order and its association with both charge density wave (CDW) order and lattice dynamics in La[Formula: see text]Eu[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text]CuO[Formula: see text]. The orbital selectivity of the resonant X-ray scattering cross-section allows nematicity dynamics associated with the planar O 2[Formula: see text] and Cu 3[Formula: see text] states to be distinguished from the response of anisotropic lattice distortions. A direct time-domain comparison of CDW translational-symmetry breaking and nematic rotational-symmetry breaking reveals that these broken symmetries remain closely linked in the photoexcited state, consistent with the stability of CDW topological defects in the investigated pump fluence regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bluschke
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Naman K. Gupta
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ONN2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hoyoung Jang
- X-ray Free Electron Laser Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali. A. Husain
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Byungjune Lee
- Max Planck - Pohang University of Science and Technology/Korea Research Initiative, Center for Complex Phase Materials, Pohang37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjune Kim
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - MengXing Na
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Brandon Dos Remedios
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Steef Smit
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Peter Moen
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Sang-Youn Park
- X-ray Free Electron Laser Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- X-ray Free Electron Laser Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dogeun Jang
- X-ray Free Electron Laser Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongi Choi
- X-ray Free Electron Laser Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Alexander H. Reid
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Georgi L. Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Giacomo Coslovich
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Quynh L. Nguyen
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
- Stanford PULSE Institute, Stanford University and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Nicolas G. Burdet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Ming-Fu Lin
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Alexandre Revcolevschi
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8182, 91405Orsay, France
| | - Jae-Hoon Park
- Max Planck - Pohang University of Science and Technology/Korea Research Initiative, Center for Complex Phase Materials, Pohang37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jochen Geck
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069Dresden, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062Dresden, Germany
| | - Joshua J. Turner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA94025
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Andrea Damascelli
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - David G. Hawthorn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ONN2L 3G1, Canada
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10
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Davies CS, Kirilyuk A. Epsilon-near-zero regime for ultrafast opto-spintronics. NPJ SPINTRONICS 2024; 2:20. [PMID: 38883427 PMCID: PMC11177794 DOI: 10.1038/s44306-024-00025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, breakthrough works in the field of non-linear phononics have revealed that high-frequency lattice vibrations, when driven to high amplitude by mid- to far-infrared optical pulses, can bolster the light-matter interaction and thereby lend control over a variety of spontaneous orderings. This approach fundamentally relies on the resonant excitation of infrared-active transverse optical phonon modes, which are characterized by a maximum in the imaginary part of the medium's permittivity. Here, in this Perspective article, we discuss an alternative strategy where the light pulses are instead tailored to match the frequency at which the real part of the medium's permittivity goes to zero. This so-called epsilon-near-zero regime, popularly studied in the context of metamaterials, naturally emerges to some extent in all dielectric crystals in the infrared spectral range. We find that the light-matter interaction in the phononic epsilon-near-zero regime becomes strongly enhanced, yielding even the possibility of permanently switching both spin and polarization order parameters. We provide our perspective on how this hitherto-neglected yet fertile research area can be explored in future, with the aim to outline and highlight the exciting challenges and opportunities ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Davies
- FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Kirilyuk
- FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Pantazopoulos PA, Feist J, García-Vidal FJ, Kamra A. Unconventional magnetism mediated by spin-phonon-photon coupling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4000. [PMID: 38734667 PMCID: PMC11088681 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48404-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnetic order typically emerges due to the short-range exchange interaction between the constituent electronic spins. Recent discoveries have found a crucial role for spin-phonon coupling in various phenomena from optical ultrafast magnetization switching to dynamical control of the magnetic state. Here, we demonstrate theoretically the emergence of a biquadratic long-range interaction between spins mediated by their coupling to phonons hybridized with vacuum photons into polaritons. The resulting ordered state enabled by the exchange of virtual polaritons between spins is reminiscent of superconductivity mediated by the exchange of virtual phonons. The biquadratic nature of the spin-spin interaction promotes ordering without favoring ferro- or antiferromagnetism. It further makes the phase transition to magnetic order a first-order transition, unlike in conventional magnets. Consequently, a large magnetization develops abruptly on lowering the temperature which could enable magnetic memories admitting ultralow-power thermally-assisted writing while maintaining a high data stability. The role of photons in the phenomenon further enables an in-situ static control over the magnetism. These unique features make our predicted spin-spin interaction and magnetism highly unconventional paving the way for novel scientific and technological opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Andreas Pantazopoulos
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain.
| | - Johannes Feist
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain.
| | - Francisco J García-Vidal
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain.
| | - Akashdeep Kamra
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain.
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12
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Huber M, Lin Y, Marini G, Moreschini L, Jozwiak C, Bostwick A, Calandra M, Lanzara A. Ultrafast creation of a light-induced semimetallic state in strongly excited 1T-TiSe 2. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl4481. [PMID: 38728393 PMCID: PMC11086600 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl4481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Screening, a ubiquitous phenomenon associated with the shielding of electric fields by surrounding charges, has been widely adopted as a means to modify a material's properties. While most studies have relied on static changes of screening through doping or gating thus far, here we demonstrate that screening can also drive the onset of distinct quantum states on the ultrafast timescale. By using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we show that intense optical excitation can drive 1T-TiSe2, a prototypical charge density wave material, almost instantly from a gapped into a semimetallic state. By systematically comparing changes in band structure over time and excitation strength with theoretical calculations, we find that the appearance of this state is likely caused by a dramatic reduction of the screening length. In summary, this work showcases how optical excitation enables the screening-driven design of a nonequilibrium semimetallic phase in TiSe2, possibly providing a general pathway into highly screened phases in other strongly correlated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Huber
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Giovanni Marini
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, I-16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123 Povo, Italy
| | - Luca Moreschini
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Chris Jozwiak
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Aaron Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Matteo Calandra
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, I-16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123 Povo, Italy
- Sorbonne Universite, CNRS, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - Alessandra Lanzara
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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13
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Hensling FVE, Dahliah D, Smeaton MA, Shrestha B, Show V, Parzyck CT, Hennighausen C, Kotsonis GN, Rignanese GM, Barone MR, Subedi I, Disa AS, Shen KM, Faeth BD, Bollinger AT, Božović I, Podraza NJ, Kourkoutis LF, Hautier G, Schlom DG. Is Ba 3In 2O 6a high- Tcsuperconductor? JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:315602. [PMID: 38657622 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad42f3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
It has been suggested that Ba3In2O6might be a high-Tcsuperconductor. Experimental investigation of the properties of Ba3In2O6was long inhibited by its instability in air. Recently epitaxial Ba3In2O6with a protective capping layer was demonstrated, which finally allows its electronic characterization. The optical bandgap of Ba3In2O6is determined to be 2.99 eV in-the (001) plane and 2.83 eV along thec-axis direction by spectroscopic ellipsometry. First-principles calculations were carried out, yielding a result in good agreement with the experimental value. Various dopants were explored to induce (super-)conductivity in this otherwise insulating material. NeitherA- norB-site doping proved successful. The underlying reason is predominately the formation of oxygen interstitials as revealed by scanning transmission electron microscopy and first-principles calculations. Additional efforts to induce superconductivity were investigated, including surface alkali doping, optical pumping, and hydrogen reduction. To probe liquid-ion gating, Ba3In2O6was successfully grown epitaxially on an epitaxial SrRuO3bottom electrode. So far none of these efforts induced superconductivity in Ba3In2O6,leaving the answer to the initial question of whether Ba3In2O6is a high-Tcsuperconductor to be 'no' thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V E Hensling
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - D Dahliah
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Department of Physics, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - M A Smeaton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - B Shrestha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States of America
- Wright Center for Photovoltaic Innovation and Commercialization, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States of America
| | - V Show
- Platform for the Accelerated Realization, Analysis, and Discovery of Interface Materials (PARADIM), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - C T Parzyck
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - C Hennighausen
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - G N Kotsonis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - G-M Rignanese
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - M R Barone
- Platform for the Accelerated Realization, Analysis, and Discovery of Interface Materials (PARADIM), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - I Subedi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States of America
- Wright Center for Photovoltaic Innovation and Commercialization, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States of America
| | - A S Disa
- School of Applied & Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - K M Shen
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - B D Faeth
- Platform for the Accelerated Realization, Analysis, and Discovery of Interface Materials (PARADIM), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - A T Bollinger
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - I Božović
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States of America
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, United States of America
| | - N J Podraza
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States of America
- Wright Center for Photovoltaic Innovation and Commercialization, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States of America
| | - L F Kourkoutis
- School of Applied & Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
| | - G Hautier
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, United States of America
| | - D G Schlom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States of America
- Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung, Max-Born-Strasse 2, 12849 Berlin, Germany
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14
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Dringoli BJ, Sutton M, Luo Z, Kanatzidis MG, Cooke DG. Ultrafast Photoinduced Phase Change in SnSe. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:146901. [PMID: 38640370 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.146901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Time-resolved multiterahertz (THz) spectroscopy is used to observe an ultrafast, nonthermal electronic phase change in SnSe driven by interband photoexcitation with 1.55 eV pump photons. The transient THz photoconductivity spectrum is found to be Lorentzian-like, indicating charge localization and phase segregation. The rise of photoconductivity is bimodal in nature, with both a fast and slow component due to excitation into multiple bands and subsequent intervalley scattering. The THz conductivity magnitude, dynamics, and spectra show a drastic change in character at a critical excitation fluence of approximately 6 mJ/cm^{2} due to a photoinduced phase segregation and a macroscopic collapse of the band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Sutton
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2T8, Canada
| | - Zhongzhen Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | | | - David G Cooke
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2T8, Canada
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15
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Basini M, Pancaldi M, Wehinger B, Udina M, Unikandanunni V, Tadano T, Hoffmann MC, Balatsky AV, Bonetti S. Terahertz electric-field-driven dynamical multiferroicity in SrTiO 3. Nature 2024; 628:534-539. [PMID: 38600387 PMCID: PMC11023939 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of collective order in matter is among the most fundamental and intriguing phenomena in physics. In recent years, the dynamical control and creation of novel ordered states of matter not accessible in thermodynamic equilibrium is receiving much attention1-6. The theoretical concept of dynamical multiferroicity has been introduced to describe the emergence of magnetization due to time-dependent electric polarization in non-ferromagnetic materials7,8. In simple terms, the coherent rotating motion of the ions in a crystal induces a magnetic moment along the axis of rotation. Here we provide experimental evidence of room-temperature magnetization in the archetypal paraelectric perovskite SrTiO3 due to this mechanism. We resonantly drive the infrared-active soft phonon mode with an intense circularly polarized terahertz electric field and detect the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. A simple model, which includes two coupled nonlinear oscillators whose forces and couplings are derived with ab initio calculations using self-consistent phonon theory at a finite temperature9, reproduces qualitatively our experimental observations. A quantitatively correct magnitude was obtained for the effect by also considering the phonon analogue of the reciprocal of the Einstein-de Haas effect, which is also called the Barnett effect, in which the total angular momentum from the phonon order is transferred to the electronic one. Our findings show a new path for the control of magnetism, for example, for ultrafast magnetic switches, by coherently controlling the lattice vibrations with light.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Basini
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Pancaldi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
| | - B Wehinger
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - M Udina
- Department of Physics and ISC-CNR, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - V Unikandanunni
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Tadano
- Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - M C Hoffmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - A V Balatsky
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
- NORDITA, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Rara Foundation - Sustainable Materials and Technologies, Venice, Italy
| | - S Bonetti
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy.
- Rara Foundation - Sustainable Materials and Technologies, Venice, Italy.
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16
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Kim MJ, Kovalev S, Udina M, Haenel R, Kim G, Puviani M, Cristiani G, Ilyakov I, de Oliveira TVAG, Ponomaryov A, Deinert JC, Logvenov G, Keimer B, Manske D, Benfatto L, Kaiser S. Tracing the dynamics of superconducting order via transient terahertz third-harmonic generation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi7598. [PMID: 38489363 PMCID: PMC10942118 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi7598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafast optical control of quantum systems is an emerging field of physics. In particular, the possibility of light-driven superconductivity has attracted much of attention. To identify nonequilibrium superconductivity, it is necessary to measure fingerprints of superconductivity on ultrafast timescales. Recently, nonlinear THz third-harmonic generation (THG) was shown to directly probe the collective degrees of freedoms of the superconducting condensate, including the Higgs mode. Here, we extend this idea to light-driven nonequilibrium states in superconducting La2-xSrxCuO4, establishing an optical pump-THz-THG drive protocol to access the transient superconducting order-parameter quench and recovering on few-picosecond timescales. We show in particular the ability of two-dimensional TH spectroscopy to disentangle the effects of optically excited quasiparticles from the pure order-parameter dynamics, which are unavoidably mixed in the pump-driven linear THz response. Benchmarking the gap dynamics to existing experiments shows the ability of driven THG spectroscopy to overcome these limitations in ordinary pump-probe protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jae Kim
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sergey Kovalev
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mattia Udina
- Department of Physics and ISC-CNR, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rafael Haenel
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Gideok Kim
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matteo Puviani
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Georg Cristiani
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Igor Ilyakov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Gennady Logvenov
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bernhard Keimer
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dirk Manske
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lara Benfatto
- Department of Physics and ISC-CNR, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefan Kaiser
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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17
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Eckhardt CJ, Chattopadhyay S, Kennes DM, Demler EA, Sentef MA, Michael MH. Theory of resonantly enhanced photo-induced superconductivity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2300. [PMID: 38485935 PMCID: PMC10940728 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Optical driving of materials has emerged as a versatile tool to control their properties, with photo-induced superconductivity being among the most fascinating examples. In this work, we show that light or lattice vibrations coupled to an electronic interband transition naturally give rise to electron-electron attraction that may be enhanced when the underlying boson is driven into a non-thermal state. We find this phenomenon to be resonantly amplified when tuning the boson's frequency close to the energy difference between the two electronic bands. This result offers a simple microscopic mechanism for photo-induced superconductivity and provides a recipe for designing new platforms in which light-induced superconductivity can be realized. We discuss two-dimensional heterostructures as a potential test ground for light-induced superconductivity concretely proposing a setup consisting of a graphene-hBN-SrTiO3 heterostructure, for which we estimate a superconducting Tc that may be achieved upon driving the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Eckhardt
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Theorie der Statistischen Physik, RWTH Aachen University and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Dante M Kennes
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Theorie der Statistischen Physik, RWTH Aachen University and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eugene A Demler
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael A Sentef
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- H H Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Marios H Michael
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.
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18
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Fauseweh B. Quantum many-body simulations on digital quantum computers: State-of-the-art and future challenges. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2123. [PMID: 38459040 PMCID: PMC10923891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46402-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Simulating quantum many-body systems is a key application for emerging quantum processors. While analog quantum simulation has already demonstrated quantum advantage, its digital counterpart has recently become the focus of intense research interest due to the availability of devices that aim to realize general-purpose quantum computers. In this perspective, we give a selective overview of the currently pursued approaches, review the advances in digital quantum simulation by comparing non-variational with variational approaches and identify hardware and algorithmic challenges. Based on this review, the question arises: What are the most promising problems that can be tackled with digital quantum simulation? We argue that problems of a qualitative nature are much more suitable for near-term devices then approaches aiming purely for a quantitative accuracy improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Fauseweh
- Institute for Software Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Linder Höhe, 51147, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
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19
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Kovač K, Golež D, Mierzejewski M, Bonča J. Optical Manipulation of Bipolarons in a System with Nonlinear Electron-Phonon Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:106001. [PMID: 38518304 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.106001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
We investigate full quantum mechanical evolution of two electrons nonlinearly coupled to quantum phonons and simulate the dynamical response of the system subject to a short spatially uniform optical pulse that couples to dipole-active vibrational modes. Nonlinear electron-phonon coupling can either soften or stiffen the phonon frequency in the presence of electron density. In the former case, an external optical pulse tuned just below the phonon frequency generates attraction between electrons and leads to a long-lived bound state even after the optical pulse is switched off. It originates from a dynamical modification of the self-trapping potential that induces a metastable state. By increasing the pulse frequency, the attractive electron-electron interaction changes to repulsive. Two sequential optical pulses with different frequencies can switch between attractive and repulsive interaction. Finally, we show that the pulse-induced binding of electrons is shown to be efficient also for weakly dispersive optical phonons, in the presence anharmonic phonon spectrum and in two dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kovač
- J. Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - D Golež
- J. Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Mierzejewski
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - J Bonča
- J. Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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20
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Hellbrück L, Puppin M, Guo F, Hickstein DD, Benhabib S, Grioni M, Dil JH, LaGrange T, Rønnow HM, Carbone F. High-resolution MHz time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy based on a tunable vacuum ultraviolet source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:033007. [PMID: 38517259 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (trARPES) allows for direct mapping of the electronic band structure and its dynamic response on femtosecond timescales. Here, we present a new ARPES system, powered by a new fiber-based femtosecond light source in the vacuum ultraviolet range, accessing the complete first Brillouin zone for most materials. We present trARPES data on Au(111), polycrystalline Au, Bi2Se3, and TaTe2, demonstrating an energy resolution of 21 meV with a time resolution of <360 fs, at a high repetition rate of 1 MHz. The system is integrated with an extreme ultraviolet high harmonic generation beamline, enabling an excellent tunability of the time-bandwidth resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Hellbrück
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering (LUMES), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Puppin
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fei Guo
- Institute of Physics, Spin Orbit Interaction Spectroscopy (SOIS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel D Hickstein
- Kapteyn-Murnane Laboratories, 4775 Walnut Street Suite 102, Boulder, Colorado 80301, USA
- Octave Photonics, 325 W South Boulder Rd. Suite B1, Louisville, Colorado 80027, USA
| | - Siham Benhabib
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering (LUMES), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Phénomènes Ultrarapides Lumière-Solides (PULS), Université Paris-Saclay, FR-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marco Grioni
- Laboratory of Electron Spectroscopy (LSE), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Hugo Dil
- Institute of Physics, Spin Orbit Interaction Spectroscopy (SOIS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas LaGrange
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering (LUMES), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Henrik M Rønnow
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Carbone
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory for Ultrafast Microscopy and Electron Scattering (LUMES), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Eom K, Chung B, Oh S, Zhou H, Seo J, Oh SH, Jang J, Choi SY, Choi M, Seo I, Lee YS, Kim Y, Lee H, Lee JW, Lee K, Rzchowski M, Eom CB, Lee J. Surface triggered stabilization of metastable charge-ordered phase in SrTiO 3. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1180. [PMID: 38332134 PMCID: PMC10853244 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Charge ordering (CO), characterized by a periodic modulation of electron density and lattice distortion, has been a fundamental topic in condensed matter physics, serving as a potential platform for inducing novel functional properties. The charge-ordered phase is known to occur in a doped system with high d-electron occupancy, rather than low occupancy. Here, we report the realization of the charge-ordered phase in electron-doped (100) SrTiO3 epitaxial thin films that have the lowest d-electron occupancy i.e., d1-d0. Theoretical calculation predicts the presence of a metastable CO state in the bulk state of electron-doped SrTiO3. Atomic scale analysis reveals that (100) surface distortion favors electron-lattice coupling for the charge-ordered state, and triggering the stabilization of the CO phase from a correlated metal state. This stabilization extends up to six unit cells from the top surface to the interior. Our approach offers an insight into the means of stabilizing a new phase of matter, extending CO phase to the lowest electron occupancy and encompassing a wide range of 3d transition metal oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitae Eom
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongwook Chung
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehoon Oh
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hua Zhou
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Jinsol Seo
- Department of Energy Engineering, KENTECH Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Oh
- Department of Energy Engineering, KENTECH Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Young Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Choi
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilwan Seo
- Department of Physics and Integrative Institute of Basic Sciences, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Sang Lee
- Department of Physics and Integrative Institute of Basic Sciences, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungjun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Mark Rzchowski
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Chang-Beom Eom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Jaichan Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Deng L, Zhang W, Lin H, Xiang L, Xu Y, Wang Y, Li Q, Zhu Y, Zhou X, Wang W, Yin L, Guo H, Tian C, Shen J. Polarization-dependent photoinduced metal-insulator transitions in manganites. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:183-189. [PMID: 38057234 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
In correlated oxides, collaborative manipulation on light intensity, wavelength, pulse duration and polarization has yielded many exotic discoveries, such as phase transitions and novel quantum states. In view of potential optoelectronic applications, tailoring long-lived static properties by light-induced effects is highly desirable. So far, the polarization state of light has rarely been reported as a control parameter for this purpose. Here, we report polarization-dependent metal-to-insulator transition (MIT) in phase-separated manganite thin films, introducing a new degree of freedom to control static MIT. Specifically, we observed giant photoinduced resistance jumps with striking features: (1) a single resistance jump occurs upon a linearly polarized light incident with a chosen polarization angle, and a second resistance jump occurs when the polarization angle changes; (2) the amplitude of the second resistance jump depends sensitively on the actual change of the polarization angles. Linear transmittance measurements reveal that the origin of the above phenomena is closely related to the coexistence of anisotropic micro-domains. Our results represent a first step to utilize light polarization as an active knob to manipulate static phase transitions, pointing towards new pathways for nonvolatile optoelectronic devices and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weiye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hanxuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lifen Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yadi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yinyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lifeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China; Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hangwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Chuanshan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China; Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China; Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Shanghai 201315, China.
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23
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Shin D, Rubio A, Tang P. Light-Induced Ideal Weyl Semimetal in HgTe via Nonlinear Phononics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:016603. [PMID: 38242673 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.016603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Interactions between light and matter allow the realization of out-of-equilibrium states in quantum solids. In particular, nonlinear phononics is one of the most efficient approaches to realizing the stationary electronic state in nonequilibrium. Herein, by an extended ab initio molecular dynamics method, we identify that long-lived light-driven quasistationary geometry could stabilize the topological nature in the material family of HgTe compounds. We show that coherent excitation of the infrared-active phonon mode results in a distortion of the atomic geometry with a lifetime of several picoseconds. We show that four Weyl points are located exactly at the Fermi level in this nonequilibrium geometry, making it an ideal long-lived metastable Weyl semimetal. We propose that such a metastable topological phase can be identified by photoelectron spectroscopy of the Fermi arc surface states or ultrafast pump-probe transport measurements of the nonlinear Hall effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbin Shin
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group, Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), The Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - Peizhe Tang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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24
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Ghosh AK, Nag T, Saha A. Generation of higher-order topological insulators using periodic driving. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 36:093001. [PMID: 37983922 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad0e2d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Topological insulators (TIs) are a new class of materials that resemble ordinary band insulators in terms of a bulk band gap but exhibit protected metallic states on their boundaries. In this modern direction, higher-order TIs (HOTIs) are a new class of TIs in dimensionsd > 1. These HOTIs possess(d-1)-dimensional boundaries that, unlike those of conventional TIs, do not conduct via gapless states but are themselves TIs. Precisely, annth orderd-dimensional higher-order TI is characterized by the presence of boundary modes that reside on itsdc=(d-n)-dimensional boundary. For instance, a three-dimensional second (third) order TI hosts gapless (localized) modes on the hinges (corners), characterized bydc=1(0). Similarly, a second-order TI (SOTI) in two dimensions only has localized corner states (dc=0). These higher-order phases are protected by various crystalline as well as discrete symmetries. The non-equilibrium tunability of the topological phase has been a major academic challenge where periodic Floquet drive provides us golden opportunity to overcome that barrier. Here, we discuss different periodic driving protocols to generate Floquet HOTIs while starting from a non-topological or first-order topological phase. Furthermore, we emphasize that one can generate the dynamical anomalousπ-modes along with the concomitant 0-modes. The former can be realized only in a dynamical setup. We exemplify the Floquet higher-order topological modes in two and three dimensions in a systematic way. Especially, in two dimensions, we demonstrate a Floquet SOTI (FSOTI) hosting 0- andπcorner modes. Whereas a three-dimensional FSOTI and Floquet third-order TI manifest one- and zero-dimensional hinge and corner modes, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnob Kumar Ghosh
- Institute of Physics, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tanay Nag
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Physics, BITS Pilani-Hyderabad Campus, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Arijit Saha
- Institute of Physics, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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25
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Moradifar P, Liu Y, Shi J, Siukola Thurston ML, Utzat H, van Driel TB, Lindenberg AM, Dionne JA. Accelerating Quantum Materials Development with Advances in Transmission Electron Microscopy. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37979189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Quantum materials are driving a technology revolution in sensing, communication, and computing, while simultaneously testing many core theories of the past century. Materials such as topological insulators, complex oxides, superconductors, quantum dots, color center-hosting semiconductors, and other types of strongly correlated materials can exhibit exotic properties such as edge conductivity, multiferroicity, magnetoresistance, superconductivity, single photon emission, and optical-spin locking. These emergent properties arise and depend strongly on the material's detailed atomic-scale structure, including atomic defects, dopants, and lattice stacking. In this review, we describe how progress in the field of electron microscopy (EM), including in situ and in operando EM, can accelerate advances in quantum materials and quantum excitations. We begin by describing fundamental EM principles and operation modes. We then discuss various EM methods such as (i) EM spectroscopies, including electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), cathodoluminescence (CL), and electron energy gain spectroscopy (EEGS); (ii) four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM); (iii) dynamic and ultrafast EM (UEM); (iv) complementary ultrafast spectroscopies (UED, XFEL); and (v) atomic electron tomography (AET). We describe how these methods could inform structure-function relations in quantum materials down to the picometer scale and femtosecond time resolution, and how they enable precision positioning of atomic defects and high-resolution manipulation of quantum materials. For each method, we also describe existing limitations to solve open quantum mechanical questions, and how they might be addressed to accelerate progress. Among numerous notable results, our review highlights how EM is enabling identification of the 3D structure of quantum defects; measuring reversible and metastable dynamics of quantum excitations; mapping exciton states and single photon emission; measuring nanoscale thermal transport and coupled excitation dynamics; and measuring the internal electric field and charge density distribution of quantum heterointerfaces- all at the quantum materials' intrinsic atomic and near atomic-length scale. We conclude by describing open challenges for the future, including achieving stable sample holders for ultralow temperature (below 10K) atomic-scale spatial resolution, stable spectrometers that enable meV energy resolution, and high-resolution, dynamic mapping of magnetic and spin fields. With atomic manipulation and ultrafast characterization enabled by EM, quantum materials will be poised to integrate into many of the sustainable and energy-efficient technologies needed for the 21st century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parivash Moradifar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jiaojian Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road MS69, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | | | - Hendrik Utzat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tim B van Driel
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Aaron M Lindenberg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road MS69, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jennifer A Dionne
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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26
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Wang E, Adelinia JD, Chavez-Cervantes M, Matsuyama T, Fechner M, Buzzi M, Meier G, Cavalleri A. Superconducting nonlinear transport in optically driven high-temperature K 3C 60. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7233. [PMID: 37945698 PMCID: PMC10636163 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Optically driven quantum materials exhibit a variety of non-equilibrium functional phenomena, which to date have been primarily studied with ultrafast optical, X-Ray and photo-emission spectroscopy. However, little has been done to characterize their transient electrical responses, which are directly associated with the functionality of these materials. Especially interesting are linear and nonlinear current-voltage characteristics at frequencies below 1 THz, which are not easily measured at picosecond temporal resolution. Here, we report on ultrafast transport measurements in photo-excited K3C60. Thin films of this compound were connected to photo-conductive switches with co-planar waveguides. We observe characteristic nonlinear current-voltage responses, which in these films point to photo-induced granular superconductivity. Although these dynamics are not necessarily identical to those reported for the powder samples studied so far, they provide valuable new information on the nature of the light-induced superconducting-like state above equilibrium Tc. Furthermore, integration of non-equilibrium superconductivity into optoelectronic platforms may lead to integration in high-speed devices based on this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - J D Adelinia
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Chavez-Cervantes
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Matsuyama
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Fechner
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Buzzi
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - G Meier
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Cavalleri
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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27
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Duncan CJR, Kaemingk M, Li WH, Andorf MB, Bartnik AC, Galdi A, Gordon M, Pennington CA, Bazarov IV, Zeng HJ, Liu F, Luo D, Sood A, Lindenberg AM, Tate MW, Muller DA, Thom-Levy J, Gruner SM, Maxson JM. Multi-scale time-resolved electron diffraction: A case study in moiré materials. Ultramicroscopy 2023; 253:113771. [PMID: 37301082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2023.113771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast-optical-pump - structural-probe measurements, including ultrafast electron and x-ray scattering, provide direct experimental access to the fundamental timescales of atomic motion, and are thus foundational techniques for studying matter out of equilibrium. High-performance detectors are needed in scattering experiments to obtain maximum scientific value from every probe particle. We deploy a hybrid pixel array direct electron detector to perform ultrafast electron diffraction experiments on a WSe2/MoSe2 2D heterobilayer, resolving the weak features of diffuse scattering and moiré superlattice structure without saturating the zero order peak. Enabled by the detector's high frame rate, we show that a chopping technique provides diffraction difference images with signal-to-noise at the shot noise limit. Finally, we demonstrate that a fast detector frame rate coupled with a high repetition rate probe can provide continuous time resolution from femtoseconds to seconds, enabling us to perform a scanning ultrafast electron diffraction experiment that maps thermal transport in WSe2/MoSe2 and resolves distinct diffusion mechanisms in space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J R Duncan
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
| | - M Kaemingk
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - W H Li
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - M B Andorf
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - A C Bartnik
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - A Galdi
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - M Gordon
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - C A Pennington
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - I V Bazarov
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - H J Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - F Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - D Luo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94205, USA
| | - A Sood
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - A M Lindenberg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M W Tate
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - D A Muller
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - J Thom-Levy
- Laboratory for Elementary-Particle Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - S M Gruner
- Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - J M Maxson
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
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28
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Domröse T, Danz T, Schaible SF, Rossnagel K, Yalunin SV, Ropers C. Light-induced hexatic state in a layered quantum material. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:1345-1351. [PMID: 37414945 PMCID: PMC10627829 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The tunability of materials properties by light promises a wealth of future applications in energy conversion and information technology. Strongly correlated materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides offer optical control of electronic phases, charge ordering and interlayer correlations by photodoping. Here, we find the emergence of a transient hexatic state during the laser-induced transformation between two charge-density wave phases in a thin-film transition metal dichalcogenide, 1T-type tantalum disulfide (1T-TaS2). Introducing tilt-series ultrafast nanobeam electron diffraction, we reconstruct charge-density wave rocking curves at high momentum resolution. An intermittent suppression of three-dimensional structural correlations promotes a loss of in-plane translational order caused by a high density of unbound topological defects, characteristic of a hexatic intermediate. Our results demonstrate the merit of tomographic ultrafast structural probing in tracing coupled order parameters, heralding universal nanoscale access to laser-induced dimensionality control in functional heterostructures and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Domröse
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- 4th Physical Institute - Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Danz
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sophie F Schaible
- 4th Physical Institute - Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kai Rossnagel
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sergey V Yalunin
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claus Ropers
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
- 4th Physical Institute - Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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29
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Li N, Zhang C, Liang W, Jiang Y, Zhang XX, Mi Y, Luo SN. Resonance-enhanced excitation and relaxation dynamics of coherent phonons in Fe 1.14Te. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28941-28947. [PMID: 37855655 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03653g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Lattice dynamics plays a significant role in manipulating the unique physical properties of materials. In this work, femtosecond transient optical spectroscopy is used to investigate the generation mechanism and relaxation dynamics of coherent phonons in Fe1.14Te-a parent compound of chalcogenide superconductors. The reflectivity time series consist of the exponential decay component due to hot carriers and damped oscillations caused by the A1g phonon vibration. The vibrational frequency and dephasing time of the A1g phonons are obtained as a function of temperature. With increasing temperature, the phonon frequency decreases and can be well described with the anharmonicity model. Dephasing time is independent of temperature, indicating that the phonon dephasing is dominated by phonon-defect scattering. The impulsive stimulated Raman scattering mechanism is responsible for the coherent phonon generation. Owing to the resonance Raman effect, the maximum photosusceptibility of the A1g phonons occurs at 1.590 eV, corresponding to an electronic transition in Fe1.14Te.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chenhui Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Weizheng Liang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xi-Xiang Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yang Mi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sheng-Nian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Haxell DZ, Coraiola M, Sabonis D, Hinderling M, Ten Kate SC, Cheah E, Krizek F, Schott R, Wegscheider W, Belzig W, Cuevas JC, Nichele F. Microwave-induced conductance replicas in hybrid Josephson junctions without Floquet-Andreev states. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6798. [PMID: 37884490 PMCID: PMC10603169 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-matter coupling allows control and engineering of complex quantum states. Here we investigate a hybrid superconducting-semiconducting Josephson junction subject to microwave irradiation by means of tunnelling spectroscopy of the Andreev bound state spectrum and measurements of the current-phase relation. For increasing microwave power, discrete levels in the tunnelling conductance develop into a series of equally spaced replicas, while the current-phase relation changes amplitude and skewness, and develops dips. Quantitative analysis of our results indicates that conductance replicas originate from photon assisted tunnelling of quasiparticles into Andreev bound states through the tunnelling barrier. Despite strong qualitative similarities with proposed signatures of Floquet-Andreev states, our study rules out this scenario. The distortion of the current-phase relation is explained by the interaction of Andreev bound states with microwave photons, including a non-equilibrium Andreev bound state occupation. The techniques outlined here establish a baseline to study light-matter coupling in hybrid nanostructures and distinguish photon assisted tunnelling from Floquet-Andreev states in mesoscopic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Coraiola
- IBM Research Europe-Zurich, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Erik Cheah
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Filip Krizek
- IBM Research Europe-Zurich, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rüdiger Schott
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Werner Wegscheider
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Belzig
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, D-78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Juan Carlos Cuevas
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, D-78457, Konstanz, Germany
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049, Madrid, Spain
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31
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Girotto N, Novko D. Dynamical Phonons Following Electron Relaxation Stages in Photoexcited Graphene. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8709-8716. [PMID: 37735110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast electron-phonon relaxation dynamics in graphene hides many distinct phenomena, such as hot phonon generation, dynamical Kohn anomalies, and phonon decoupling, yet it still remains largely unexplored. Here, we unravel intricate mechanisms governing the vibrational relaxation and phonon dressing in graphene at a highly nonequilibrium state by means of first-principles techniques. We calculate dynamical phonon spectral functions and momentum-resolved line widths for various stages of electron relaxation and find photoinduced phonon hardening, overall increase of relaxation rate and nonadiabaticity, as well as phonon gain. Namely, the initial stage of photoexcitation is found to be governed by strong phonon anomalies of finite-momentum optical modes along with incoherent phonon production. The population inversion state, on the other hand, allows the production of coherent and strongly coupled phonon modes. Our research provides vital insights into the electron-phonon coupling phenomena in graphene and serves as a foundation for exploring nonequilibrium phonon dressing in materials where ordered states and phase transitions can be induced by photoexcitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Girotto
- Centre for Advanced Laser Techniques, Institute of Physics, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dino Novko
- Centre for Advanced Laser Techniques, Institute of Physics, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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32
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Yang Z, Jin KJ, Gan Y, Ma C, Zhong Z, Yuan Y, Ge C, Guo EJ, Wang C, Xu X, He M, Zhang D, Yang G. Photoinduced Phase Transition in Infinite-Layer Nickelates. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304146. [PMID: 37356048 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The quantum phase transition caused by regulating the electronic correlation in strongly correlated quantum materials has been a research hotspot in condensed matter science. Herein, a photon-induced quantum phase transition from the Kondo-Mott insulating state to the low temperature metallic one accompanying with the magnetoresistance changing from negative to positive in the infinite-layer NdNiO2 films is reported, where the antiferromagnetic coupling among the Ni1+ localized spins and the Kondo effect are effectively suppressed by manipulating the correlation of Ni-3d and Nd-5d electrons under the photoirradiation. Moreover, the critical temperature Tc of the superconducting-like transition exhibits a dome-shaped evolution with the maximum up to ≈42 K, and the electrons dominate the transport process proved by the Hall effect measurements. These findings not only make the photoinduction a promising way to control the quantum phase transition by manipulating the electronic correlation in Mott-like insulators, but also shed some light on the possibility of the superconducting in electron-doped nickelates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kui-Juan Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Yulin Gan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chen Ge
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Er-Jia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Can Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Xiulai Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Meng He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Dongxiang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guozhen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
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33
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Jarc G, Mathengattil SY, Montanaro A, Giusti F, Rigoni EM, Sergo R, Fassioli F, Winnerl S, Dal Zilio S, Mihailovic D, Prelovšek P, Eckstein M, Fausti D. Cavity-mediated thermal control of metal-to-insulator transition in 1T-TaS 2. Nature 2023; 622:487-492. [PMID: 37853152 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06596-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Placing quantum materials into optical cavities provides a unique platform for controlling quantum cooperative properties of matter, by both weak and strong light-matter coupling1,2. Here we report experimental evidence of reversible cavity control of a metal-to-insulator phase transition in a correlated solid-state material. We embed the charge density wave material 1T-TaS2 into cryogenic tunable terahertz cavities3 and show that a switch between conductive and insulating behaviours, associated with a large change in the sample temperature, is obtained by mechanically tuning the distance between the cavity mirrors and their alignment. The large thermal modification observed is indicative of a Purcell-like scenario in which the spectral profile of the cavity modifies the energy exchange between the material and the external electromagnetic field. Our findings provide opportunities for controlling the thermodynamics and macroscopic transport properties of quantum materials by engineering their electromagnetic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Jarc
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Shahla Yasmin Mathengattil
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Angela Montanaro
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Francesca Giusti
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Maria Rigoni
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Rudi Sergo
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Fassioli
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephan Winnerl
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Martin Eckstein
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniele Fausti
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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34
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Wang HH, Xiong Y, Padma H, Wang Y, Wang Z, Claes R, Brunin G, Min L, Zu R, Wetherington MT, Wang Y, Mao Z, Hautier G, Chen LQ, Dabo I, Gopalan V. Strong electron-phonon coupling driven pseudogap modulation and density-wave fluctuations in a correlated polar metal. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5769. [PMID: 37723139 PMCID: PMC10507017 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There is tremendous interest in employing collective excitations of the lattice, spin, charge, and orbitals to tune strongly correlated electronic phenomena. We report such an effect in a ruthenate, Ca3Ru2O7, where two phonons with strong electron-phonon coupling modulate the electronic pseudogap as well as mediate charge and spin density wave fluctuations. Combining temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy with density functional theory reveals two phonons, B2P and B2M, that are strongly coupled to electrons and whose scattering intensities respectively dominate in the pseudogap versus the metallic phases. The B2P squeezes the octahedra along the out of plane c-axis, while the B2M elongates it, thus modulating the Ru 4d orbital splitting and the bandwidth of the in-plane electron hopping; Thus, B2P opens the pseudogap, while B2M closes it. Moreover, the B2 phonons mediate incoherent charge and spin density wave fluctuations, as evidenced by changes in the background electronic Raman scattering that exhibit unique symmetry signatures. The polar order breaks inversion symmetry, enabling infrared activity of these phonons, paving the way for coherent light-driven control of electronic transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Hugo Wang
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - Yihuang Xiong
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Hari Padma
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Romain Claes
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain, Chemin des Étoiles 8, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Lujin Min
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Rui Zu
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Maxwell T Wetherington
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Material Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Mao
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Material Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Geoffroy Hautier
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain, Chemin des Étoiles 8, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Long-Qing Chen
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ismaila Dabo
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Venkatraman Gopalan
- Materials Research Institute and Department of Material Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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35
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Wang C, Liu X, Chen Q, Chen D, Wang Y, Meng S. Coherent-Phonon-Driven Intervalley Scattering and Rabi Oscillation in Multivalley 2D Materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:066401. [PMID: 37625067 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.066401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Resolving the complete electron scattering dynamics mediated by coherent phonons is crucial for understanding electron-phonon couplings beyond equilibrium. Here we present a time-resolved theoretical investigation on strongly coupled ultrafast electron and phonon dynamics in monolayer WSe_{2}, with a focus on the intervalley scattering from the optically "bright" K state to "dark" Q state. We find that the strong coherent lattice vibration along the longitudinal acoustic phonon mode [LA(M)] can drastically promote K-to-Q transition on a timescale of ∼400 fs, comparable with previous experimental observation on thermal-phonon-mediated electron dynamics. Further, this coherent-phonon-driven intervalley scattering occurs in an unconventional steplike manner and further induces an electronic Rabi oscillation. By constructing a two-level model and quantitatively comparing with ab initio dynamic simulations, we uncover the critical role of nonadiabatic coupling effects. Finally, a new strategy is proposed to effectively tune the intervalley scattering rates by varying the coherent phonon amplitude, which could be realized via light-induced nonlinear phononics that we hope will spark experimental investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinbao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Daqiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yaxian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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36
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Sakamoto M, Hada M, Ota W, Uesugi F, Sato T. Localised surface plasmon resonance inducing cooperative Jahn-Teller effect for crystal phase-change in a nanocrystal. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4471. [PMID: 37524703 PMCID: PMC10390505 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Jahn-Teller effect, a phase transition phenomenon involving the spontaneous breakdown of symmetry in molecules and crystals, causes important physical and chemical changes that affect various fields of science. In this study, we discovered that localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) induced the cooperative Jahn-Teller effect in covellite CuS nanocrystals (NCs), causing metastable displacive ion movements. Electron diffraction measurements under photo illumination, ultrafast time-resolved electron diffraction analyses, and theoretical calculations of semiconductive plasmonic CuS NCs showed that metastable displacive ion movements due to the LSPR-induced cooperative Jahn-Teller effect delayed the relaxation of LSPR in the microsecond region. Furthermore, the displacive ion movements caused photo-switching of the conductivity in CuS NC films at room temperature (22 °C), such as in transparent variable resistance infrared sensors. This study pushes the limits of plasmonics from tentative control of collective oscillation to metastable crystal structure manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Sakamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Masaki Hada
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.
| | - Wataru Ota
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Uesugi
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Tohru Sato
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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37
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Garzón-Ramírez AJ, Franco I. Stark control of electrons across the molecule-semiconductor interface. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:044704. [PMID: 37486053 DOI: 10.1063/5.0154862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling matter at the level of electrons using ultrafast laser sources represents an important challenge for science and technology. Recently, we introduced a general laser control scheme (the Stark control of electrons at interfaces or SCELI) based on the Stark effect that uses the subcycle structure of light to manipulate electron dynamics at semiconductor interfaces [A. Garzón-Ramírez and I. Franco, Phys. Rev. B 98, 121305 (2018)]. Here, we demonstrate that SCELI is also of general applicability in molecule-semiconductor interfaces. We do so by following the quantum dynamics induced by non-resonant few-cycle laser pulses of intermediate intensity (non-perturbative but non-ionizing) across model molecule-semiconductor interfaces of varying level alignments. We show that SCELI induces interfacial charge transfer regardless of the energy level alignment of the interface and even in situations where charge exchange is forbidden via resonant photoexcitation. We further show that the SCELI rate of charge transfer is faster than those offered by resonant photoexcitation routes as it is controlled by the subcycle structure of light. The results underscore the general applicability of SCELI to manipulate electron dynamics at interfaces on ultrafast timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignacio Franco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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38
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Conway MA, Earl SK, Muir JB, Vu THY, Tollerud JO, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Fuhrer MS, Edmonds MT, Davis JA. Effects of Floquet Engineering on the Coherent Exciton Dynamics in Monolayer WS 2. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37494826 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Coherent optical manipulation of electronic bandstructures via Floquet Engineering is a promising means to control quantum systems on an ultrafast time scale. However, the ultrafast switching on/off of the driving field comes with questions regarding the limits of the Floquet formalism (which is defined for an infinite periodic drive) through the switching process and to what extent the transient changes can be driven adiabatically. Experimentally addressing these questions has been difficult, in large part due to the absence of an established technique to measure coherent dynamics through the duration of the pulse. Here, using multidimensional coherent spectroscopy we explicitly excite, control, and probe a coherent superposition of excitons in the K and K' valleys in monolayer WS2. With a circularly polarized, red-detuned pump pulse, the degeneracy of the K and K' excitons can be lifted, and the phase of the coherence rotated. We directly measure phase rotations greater than π during the 100 fs driving pulse and show that this can be described by a combination of the AC-Stark shift of excitons in one valley and the Bloch-Siegert shift of excitons in the opposite valley. Despite showing a smooth evolution of the phase that directly follows the intensity envelope of the nonresonant pump pulse, the process is not perfectly adiabatic. By measuring the magnitude of the macroscopic coherence as it evolves before, during, and after the nonresonant pump pulse we show that there is additional decoherence caused by power broadening in the presence of the nonresonant pump. This nonadiabaticity arises as a result of interactions with the otherwise adiabatic Floquet states and may be a problem for many applications, such as manipulating qubits in quantum information processing; however, these measurements also suggest ways such effects can be minimized or eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A Conway
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart K Earl
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jack B Muir
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thi-Hai-Yen Vu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technology, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan O Tollerud
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Michael S Fuhrer
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technology, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark T Edmonds
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technology, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia
- ANFF-VIC Technology Fellow, Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A Davis
- Optical Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia
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39
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Yang C, Esin I, Lewandowski C, Refael G. Optical Control of Slow Topological Electrons in Moiré Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:026901. [PMID: 37505954 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.026901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Floquet moiré materials possess optically-induced flat-electron bands with steady-states sensitive to drive parameters. Within this regime, we show that strong interaction screening and phonon bath coupling can overcome enhanced drive-induced heating. In twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) irradiated by a terahertz-frequency continuous circularly polarized laser, the extremely slow electronic states enable the drive to control the steady state occupation of high-Berry curvature electronic states. In particular, above a critical field amplitude, high-Berry-curvature states exhibit a slow regime where they decouple from acoustic phonons, allowing the drive to control the anomalous Hall response. Our work shows that the laser-induced control of topological and transport physics in Floquet TBG are measurable using experimentally available probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Yang
- Department of Physics, IQIM, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Iliya Esin
- Department of Physics, IQIM, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Cyprian Lewandowski
- Department of Physics, IQIM, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Gil Refael
- Department of Physics, IQIM, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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40
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Duan S, Xia W, Huang C, Wang S, Gu L, Liu H, Xiang D, Qian D, Guo Y, Zhang W. Ultrafast Switching from the Charge Density Wave Phase to a Metastable Metallic State in 1T-TiSe_{2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:226501. [PMID: 37327423 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.226501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The ultrafast electronic structures of the charge density wave material 1T-TiSe_{2} were investigated by high-resolution time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We found that the quasiparticle populations drove ultrafast electronic phase transitions in 1T-TiSe_{2} within 100 fs after photoexcitation, and a metastable metallic state, which was significantly different from the equilibrium normal phase, was evidenced far below the charge density wave transition temperature. Detailed time- and pump-fluence-dependent experiments revealed that the photoinduced metastable metallic state was a result of the halted motion of the atoms through the coherent electron-phonon coupling process, and the lifetime of this state was prolonged to picoseconds with the highest pump fluence used in this study. Ultrafast electronic dynamics were well captured by the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model. Our work demonstrates a mechanism for realizing novel electronic states by photoinducing coherent motion of atoms in the lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Duan
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chaozhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shichong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lingxiao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yanfeng Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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41
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Guo Y, Qiu D, Shao M, Song J, Wang Y, Xu M, Yang C, Li P, Liu H, Xiong J. Modulations in Superconductors: Probes of Underlying Physics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209457. [PMID: 36504310 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The importance of modulations is elevated to an unprecedented level, due to the delicate conditions required to bring out exotic phenomena in quantum materials, such as topological materials, magnetic materials, and superconductors. Recently, state-of-the-art modulation techniques in material science, such as electric-double-layer transistor, piezoelectric-based strain apparatus, angle twisting, and nanofabrication, have been utilized in superconductors. They not only efficiently increase the tuning capability to the broader ranges but also extend the tuning dimensionality to unprecedented degrees of freedom, including quantum fluctuations of competing phases, electronic correlation, and phase coherence essential to global superconductivity. Here, for a comprehensive review, these techniques together with the established modulation methods, such as elemental substitution, annealing, and polarization-induced gating, are contextualized. Depending on the mechanism of each method, the modulations are categorized into stoichiometric manipulation, electrostatic gating, mechanical modulation, and geometrical design. Their recent advances are highlighted by applications in newly discovered superconductors, e.g., nickelates, Kagome metals, and magic-angle graphene. Overall, the review is to provide systematic modulations in emergent superconductors and serve as the coordinate for future investigations, which can stimulate researchers in superconductivity and other fields to perform various modulations toward a thorough understanding of quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Dong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Mingxin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Jingyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Minyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Haiwen Liu
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
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42
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Frenzel M, Cherasse M, Urban JM, Wang F, Xiang B, Nest L, Huber L, Perfetti L, Wolf M, Kampfrath T, Zhu XY, Maehrlein SF. Nonlinear terahertz control of the lead halide perovskite lattice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg3856. [PMID: 37224256 PMCID: PMC10208573 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have emerged as an excellent class of semiconductors for next-generation solar cells and optoelectronic devices. Tailoring physical properties by fine-tuning the lattice structures has been explored in these materials by chemical composition or morphology. Nevertheless, its dynamic counterpart, phonon-driven ultrafast material control, as contemporarily harnessed for oxide perovskites, has not yet been established. Here, we use intense THz electric fields to obtain direct lattice control via nonlinear excitation of coherent octahedral twist modes in hybrid CH3NH3PbBr3 and all-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskites. These Raman-active phonons at 0.9 to 1.3 THz are found to govern the ultrafast THz-induced Kerr effect in the low-temperature orthorhombic phase and thus dominate the phonon-modulated polarizability with potential implications for dynamic charge carrier screening beyond the Fröhlich polaron. Our work opens the door to selective control of LHP's vibrational degrees of freedom governing phase transitions and dynamic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Frenzel
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Department of Physical Chemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Cherasse
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Department of Physical Chemistry, Berlin, Germany
- LSI, CEA/DRF/IRAMIS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Joanna M. Urban
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Department of Physical Chemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Feifan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Leona Nest
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Department of Physical Chemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucas Huber
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Luca Perfetti
- LSI, CEA/DRF/IRAMIS, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Martin Wolf
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Department of Physical Chemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Kampfrath
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Department of Physical Chemistry, Berlin, Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - X.-Y. Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sebastian F. Maehrlein
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Department of Physical Chemistry, Berlin, Germany
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43
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Carbin T, Zhang X, Culver AB, Zhao H, Zong A, Acharya R, Abbamonte CJ, Roy R, Cao G, Kogar A. Evidence for Bootstrap Percolation Dynamics in a Photoinduced Phase Transition. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:186902. [PMID: 37204876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.186902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Upon intense femtosecond photoexcitation, a many-body system can undergo a phase transition through a nonequilibrium route, but understanding these pathways remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we use time-resolved second harmonic generation to investigate a photoinduced phase transition in Ca_{3}Ru_{2}O_{7} and show that mesoscale inhomogeneity profoundly influences the transition dynamics. We observe a marked slowing down of the characteristic time τ that quantifies the transition between two structures. τ evolves nonmonotonically as a function of photoexcitation fluence, rising from below 200 fs to ∼1.4 ps, then falling again to below 200 fs. To account for the observed behavior, we perform a bootstrap percolation simulation that demonstrates how local structural interactions govern the transition kinetics. Our work highlights the importance of percolating mesoscale inhomogeneity in the dynamics of photoinduced phase transitions and provides a model that may be useful for understanding such transitions more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Carbin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - Xinshu Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - Adrian B Culver
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
- Mani L. Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Hengdi Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Alfred Zong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Rishi Acharya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - Cecilia J Abbamonte
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - Rahul Roy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
- Mani L. Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Gang Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Anshul Kogar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
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44
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Erpenbeck A, Gull E, Cohen G. Quantum Monte Carlo Method in the Steady State. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:186301. [PMID: 37204908 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.186301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We present a numerically exact steady-state inchworm Monte Carlo method for nonequilibrium quantum impurity models. Rather than propagating an initial state to long times, the method is directly formulated in the steady state. This eliminates any need to traverse the transient dynamics and grants access to a much larger range of parameter regimes at vastly reduced computational costs. We benchmark the method on equilibrium Green's functions of quantum dots in the noninteracting limit and in the unitary limit of the Kondo regime. We then consider correlated materials described with dynamical mean field theory and driven away from equilibrium by a bias voltage. We show that the response of a correlated material to a bias voltage differs qualitatively from the splitting of the Kondo resonance observed in bias-driven quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Erpenbeck
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - E Gull
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - G Cohen
- The Raymond and Beverley Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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45
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Potts AM, Nayak AK, Nagel M, Kaj K, Stamenic B, John DD, Averitt RD, Young AF. On-Chip Time-Domain Terahertz Spectroscopy of Superconducting Films below the Diffraction Limit. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3835-3841. [PMID: 37126575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Free-space time domain THz spectroscopy accesses electrodynamic responses in a frequency regime ideally matched to interacting condensed matter systems. However, THz spectroscopy is challenging when samples are physically smaller than the diffraction limit of ∼0.5 mm, as is typical, for example, in van der Waals materials and heterostructures. Here, we present an on-chip, time-domain THz spectrometer based on semiconducting photoconductive switches with a bandwidth of 200 to 750 GHz. We measure the optical conductivity of a 7.5-μm wide NbN film across the superconducting transition, demonstrating spectroscopic signatures of the superconducting gap in a sample smaller than 2% of the Rayleigh diffraction limit. Our spectrometer features an interchangeable sample architecture, making it ideal for probing superconductivity, magnetism, and charge order in strongly correlated van der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Potts
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara California 93106, United States
| | - Abhay K Nayak
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara California 93106, United States
| | | | - Kelson Kaj
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Biljana Stamenic
- Nanofabrication Facility, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Demis D John
- Nanofabrication Facility, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Richard D Averitt
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Andrea F Young
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara California 93106, United States
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46
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Dodge JS, Lopez L, Sahota DG. Optical Saturation Produces Spurious Evidence for Photoinduced Superconductivity in K_{3}C_{60}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:146002. [PMID: 37084450 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.146002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We discuss a systematic error in time-resolved optical conductivity measurements that becomes important at high pump intensities. We show that common optical nonlinearities can distort the photoconductivity depth profile, and by extension distort the photoconductivity spectrum. We show evidence that this distortion is present in existing measurements on K_{3}C_{60}, and describe how it may create the appearance of photoinduced superconductivity where none exists. Similar errors may emerge in other pump-probe spectroscopy measurements, and we discuss how to correct for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Steven Dodge
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Leya Lopez
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Derek G Sahota
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
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47
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Klein DR, Xia LQ, MacNeill D, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Jarillo-Herrero P. Electrical switching of a bistable moiré superconductor. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:331-335. [PMID: 36717710 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01314-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrical control of superconductivity is critical for nanoscale superconducting circuits including cryogenic memory elements1-4, superconducting field-effect transistors (FETs)5-7 and gate-tunable qubits8-10. Superconducting FETs operate through continuous tuning of carrier density, but no bistable superconducting FET, which could serve as a new type of cryogenic memory element, has been reported. Recently, gate hysteresis and resultant bistability in Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene aligned to its insulating hexagonal boron nitride gate dielectrics were discovered11,12. Here we report the observation of this same hysteresis in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) with aligned boron nitride layers. This bistable behaviour coexists alongside the strongly correlated electron system of MATBG without disrupting its correlated insulator or superconducting states. This all-van der Waals platform enables configurable switching between different electronic states of this rich system. To illustrate this new approach, we demonstrate reproducible bistable switching between the superconducting, metallic and correlated insulator states of MATBG using gate voltage or electric displacement field. These experiments unlock the potential to broadly incorporate this new switchable moiré superconductor into highly tunable superconducting electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahlia R Klein
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Li-Qiao Xia
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David MacNeill
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
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48
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Murakami Y, Takayoshi S, Kaneko T, Läuchli AM, Werner P. Spin, Charge, and η-Spin Separation in One-Dimensional Photodoped Mott Insulators. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:106501. [PMID: 36962025 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.106501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We show that effectively cold metastable states in one-dimensional photodoped Mott insulators described by the extended Hubbard model exhibit spin, charge, and η-spin separation. Their wave functions in the large on-site Coulomb interaction limit can be expressed as |Ψ⟩=|Ψ_{charge}⟩|Ψ_{spin}⟩|Ψ_{η-spin}⟩, which is analogous to the Ogata-Shiba states of the doped Hubbard model in equilibrium. Here, the η-spin represents the type of photo-generated pseudoparticles (doublon or holon). |Ψ_{charge}⟩ is determined by spinless free fermions, |Ψ_{spin}⟩ by the isotropic Heisenberg model in the squeezed spin space, and |Ψ_{η-spin}⟩ by the XXZ model in the squeezed η-spin space. In particular, the metastable η-pairing and charge-density-wave (CDW) states correspond to the gapless and gapful states of the XXZ model. The specific form of the wave function allows us to accurately determine the exponents of correlation functions. The form also suggests that the central charge of the η-pairing state is 3 and that of the CDW phase is 2, which we numerically confirm. Our study provides analytic and intuitive insights into the correlations between active degrees of freedom in photodoped strongly correlated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Murakami
- Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuya Kaneko
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Andreas M Läuchli
- Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Physics, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Werner
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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49
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Xu C, Jin C, Chen Z, Lu Q, Cheng Y, Zhang B, Qi F, Chen J, Yin X, Wang G, Xiang D, Qian D. Transient dynamics of the phase transition in VO 2 revealed by mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1265. [PMID: 36882433 PMCID: PMC9992676 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37000-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) exhibits an insulator-to-metal transition accompanied by a structural transition near room temperature. This transition can be triggered by an ultrafast laser pulse. Exotic transient states, such as a metallic state without structural transition, were also proposed. These unique characteristics let VO2 have great potential in thermal switchable devices and photonic applications. Although great efforts have been made, the atomic pathway during the photoinduced phase transition is still not clear. Here, we synthesize freestanding quasi-single-crystal VO2 films and examine their photoinduced structural phase transition with mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction. Leveraging the high signal-to-noise ratio and high temporal resolution, we observe that the disappearance of vanadium dimers and zigzag chains does not coincide with the transformation of crystal symmetry. After photoexcitation, the initial structure is strongly modified within 200 femtoseconds, resulting in a transient monoclinic structure without vanadium dimers and zigzag chains. Then, it continues to evolve to the final tetragonal structure in approximately 5 picoseconds. In addition, only one laser fluence threshold instead of two thresholds suggested in polycrystalline samples is observed in our quasi-single-crystal samples. Our findings provide essential information for a comprehensive understanding of the photoinduced ultrafast phase transition in VO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yun Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fengfeng Qi
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xunqing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Dong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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50
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Liu R, Si L, Niu W, Zhang X, Chen Z, Zhu C, Zhuang W, Chen Y, Zhou L, Zhang C, Wang P, Song F, Tang L, Xu Y, Zhong Z, Zhang R, Wang X. Light-Induced Mott-Insulator-to-Metal Phase Transition in Ultrathin Intermediate-Spin Ferromagnetic Perovskite Ruthenates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211612. [PMID: 36626850 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Light control of emergent quantum phenomena is a widely used external stimulus for quantum materials. Generally, perovskite strontium ruthenate SrRuO3 has an itinerant ferromagnetism with a low-spin state. However, the phase of intermediate-spin (IS) ferromagnetic metallic state has never been seen. Here, by means of UV-light irradiation, a photocarrier-doping-induced Mott-insulator-to-metal phase transition is shown in a few atomic layers of perovskite IS ferromagnetic SrRuO3- δ . This new metastable IS metallic phase can be reversibly regulated due to the convenient photocharge transfer from SrTiO3 substrates to SrRuO3- δ ultrathin films. These dynamical mean-field theory calculations further verify such photoinduced electronic phase transformation, owing to oxygen vacancies and orbital reconstruction. The optical manipulation of charge-transfer finesse is an alternative pathway toward discovering novel metastable phases in strongly correlated systems and facilitates potential light-controlled device applications in optoelectronics and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxin Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Liang Si
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Wei Niu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Changzheng Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wenzhuo Zhuang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yongda Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Liqi Zhou
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chunchen Zhang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Fengqi Song
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yongbing Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 316005, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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