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Morino-Koga S, Tsuruda M, Zhao X, Oshiro S, Yokomizo T, Yamane M, Tanigawa S, Miike K, Usuki S, Yasunaga KI, Nishinakamura R, Suda T, Ogawa M. Transition of signal requirement in hematopoietic stem cell development from hemogenic endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2404193121. [PMID: 39042698 PMCID: PMC11294991 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2404193121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) in vivo during mouse embryogenesis. When cultured in vitro, cells from the embryo phenotypically defined as pre-HSC-I and pre-HSC-II have the potential to differentiate into HSCs. However, minimal factors required for HSC induction from HECs have not yet been determined. In this study, we demonstrated that stem cell factor (SCF) and thrombopoietin (TPO) induced engrafting HSCs from embryonic day (E) 11.5 pre-HSC-I in a serum-free and feeder-free culture condition. In contrast, E10.5 pre-HSC-I and HECs required an endothelial cell layer in addition to SCF and TPO to differentiate into HSCs. A single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of E10.5 to 11.5 dorsal aortae with surrounding tissues and fetal livers detected TPO expression confined in hepatoblasts, while SCF was expressed in various tissues, including endothelial cells and hepatoblasts. Our results suggest a transition of signal requirement during HSC development from HECs. The differentiation of E10.5 HECs to E11.5 pre-HSC-I in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region depends on SCF and endothelial cell-derived factors. Subsequently, SCF and TPO drive the differentiation of E11.5 pre-HSC-I to pre-HSC-II/HSCs in the fetal liver. The culture system established in this study provides a beneficial tool for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of HSCs from HECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Morino-Koga
- Department of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Mariko Tsuruda
- Department of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Xueyu Zhao
- Department of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Shogo Oshiro
- Department of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Tomomasa Yokomizo
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
- Department of Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo162-8666, Japan
| | - Mariko Yamane
- Department of Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
- Department of Functional Genome Informatics, Division of Medical Genomics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo113-8510, Japan
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe650-0047, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tanigawa
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Koichiro Miike
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Shingo Usuki
- Liaison Laboratory Research Promotion Center, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Kei-ichiro Yasunaga
- Liaison Laboratory Research Promotion Center, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Toshio Suda
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
| | - Minetaro Ogawa
- Department of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto860-0811, Japan
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Kwon M, Kim BS, Yoon S, Oh SO, Lee D. Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Their Niche in Bone Marrow. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6837. [PMID: 38999948 PMCID: PMC11241602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has explored the functional correlation between stem cells and progenitor cells, particularly in blood. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can self-renew and regenerate tissues within the bone marrow, while stromal cells regulate tissue function. Recent studies have validated the role of mammalian stem cells within specific environments, providing initial empirical proof of this functional phenomenon. The interaction between bone and blood has always been vital to the function of the human body. It was initially proposed that during evolution, mammalian stem cells formed a complex relationship with the surrounding microenvironment, known as the niche. Researchers are currently debating the significance of molecular-level data to identify individual stromal cell types due to incomplete stromal cell mapping. Obtaining these data can help determine the specific activities of HSCs in bone marrow. This review summarizes key topics from previous studies on HSCs and their environment, discussing current and developing concepts related to HSCs and their niche in the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munju Kwon
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Soo Kim
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sik Yoon
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Ock Oh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Transplantation Research Center, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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3
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Carpenter RS, Maryanovich M. Systemic and local regulation of hematopoietic homeostasis in health and disease. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:651-665. [PMID: 39196230 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) generate all blood cell lineages responsible for tissue oxygenation, life-long hematopoietic homeostasis and immune protection. In adulthood, HSCs primarily reside in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, consisting of diverse cell types that constitute the stem cell 'niche'. The adaptability of the hematopoietic system is required to respond to the needs of the host, whether to maintain normal physiology or during periods of physical, psychosocial or environmental stress. Hematopoietic homeostasis is achieved by intricate coordination of systemic and local factors that orchestrate the function of HSCs throughout life. However, homeostasis is not a static process; it modulates HSC and progenitor activity in response to circadian rhythms coordinated by the central and peripheral nervous systems, inflammatory cues, metabolites and pathologic conditions. Here, we review local and systemic factors that impact hematopoiesis, focusing on the implications of aging, stress and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall S Carpenter
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria Maryanovich
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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4
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Gao L, Lee H, Goodman JH, Ding L. Hematopoietic stem cell niche generation and maintenance are distinguishable by an epitranscriptomic program. Cell 2024; 187:2801-2816.e17. [PMID: 38657601 PMCID: PMC11148849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The niche is typically considered as a pre-established structure sustaining stem cells. Therefore, the regulation of its formation remains largely unexplored. Whether distinct molecular mechanisms control the establishment versus maintenance of a stem cell niche is unknown. To address this, we compared perinatal and adult bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), a key component of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche. MSCs exhibited enrichment in genes mediating m6A mRNA methylation at the perinatal stage and downregulated the expression of Mettl3, the m6A methyltransferase, shortly after birth. Deletion of Mettl3 from developing MSCs but not osteoblasts led to excessive osteogenic differentiation and a severe HSC niche formation defect, which was significantly rescued by deletion of Klf2, an m6A target. In contrast, deletion of Mettl3 from MSCs postnatally did not affect HSC niche. Stem cell niche generation and maintenance thus depend on divergent molecular mechanisms, which may be exploited for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Gao
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Heather Lee
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joshua H Goodman
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lei Ding
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Branco A, Rayabaram J, Miranda CC, Fernandes-Platzgummer A, Fernandes TG, Sajja S, da Silva CL, Vemuri MC. Advances in ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells for clinical applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1380950. [PMID: 38846805 PMCID: PMC11153805 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1380950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
As caretakers of the hematopoietic system, hematopoietic stem cells assure a lifelong supply of differentiated populations that are responsible for critical bodily functions, including oxygen transport, immunological protection and coagulation. Due to the far-reaching influence of the hematopoietic system, hematological disorders typically have a significant impact on the lives of individuals, even becoming fatal. Hematopoietic cell transplantation was the first effective therapeutic avenue to treat such hematological diseases. Since then, key use and manipulation of hematopoietic stem cells for treatments has been aspired to fully take advantage of such an important cell population. Limited knowledge on hematopoietic stem cell behavior has motivated in-depth research into their biology. Efforts were able to uncover their native environment and characteristics during development and adult stages. Several signaling pathways at a cellular level have been mapped, providing insight into their machinery. Important dynamics of hematopoietic stem cell maintenance were begun to be understood with improved comprehension of their metabolism and progressive aging. These advances have provided a solid platform for the development of innovative strategies for the manipulation of hematopoietic stem cells. Specifically, expansion of the hematopoietic stem cell pool has triggered immense interest, gaining momentum. A wide range of approaches have sprouted, leading to a variety of expansion systems, from simpler small molecule-based strategies to complex biomimetic scaffolds. The recent approval of Omisirge, the first expanded hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell product, whose expansion platform is one of the earliest, is predictive of further successes that might arise soon. In order to guarantee the quality of these ex vivo manipulated cells, robust assays that measure cell function or potency need to be developed. Whether targeting hematopoietic engraftment, immunological differentiation potential or malignancy clearance, hematopoietic stem cells and their derivatives need efficient scaling of their therapeutic potency. In this review, we comprehensively view hematopoietic stem cells as therapeutic assets, going from fundamental to translational.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Branco
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Janakiram Rayabaram
- Protein and Cell Analysis, Biosciences Division, Invitrogen Bioservices, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bangalore, India
| | - Cláudia C. Miranda
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- AccelBio, Collaborative Laboratory to Foster Translation and Drug Discovery, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes-Platzgummer
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago G. Fernandes
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Suchitra Sajja
- Protein and Cell Analysis, Biosciences Division, Invitrogen Bioservices, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bangalore, India
| | - Cláudia L. da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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6
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Vercellino J, Małachowska B, Kulkarni S, Bell BI, Shajahan S, Shinoda K, Eichenbaum G, Verma AK, Ghosh SP, Yang WL, Frenette PS, Guha C. Thrombopoietin mimetic stimulates bone marrow vascular and stromal niches to mitigate acute radiation syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:123. [PMID: 38679747 PMCID: PMC11057170 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03734-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) manifests after exposure to high doses of radiation in the instances of radiologic accidents or incidents. Facilitating regeneration of the bone marrow (BM), namely the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), is key in mitigating ARS and multi-organ failure. JNJ-26366821, a PEGylated thrombopoietin mimetic (TPOm) peptide, has been shown as an effective medical countermeasure (MCM) to treat hematopoietic-ARS (H-ARS) in mice. However, the activity of TPOm on regulating BM vascular and stromal niches to support HSPC regeneration has yet to be elucidated. METHODS C57BL/6J mice (9-14 weeks old) received sublethal or lethal total body irradiation (TBI), a model for H-ARS, by 137Cs or X-rays. At 24 h post-irradiation, mice were subcutaneously injected with a single dose of TPOm (0.3 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg) or PBS (vehicle). At homeostasis and on days 4, 7, 10, 14, 18, and 21 post-TBI with and without TPOm treatment, BM was harvested for histology, BM flow cytometry of HSPCs, endothelial (EC) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), and whole-mount confocal microscopy. For survival, irradiated mice were monitored and weighed for 30 days. Lastly, BM triple negative cells (TNC; CD45-, TER-119-, CD31-) were sorted for single-cell RNA-sequencing to examine transcriptomics after TBI with or without TPOm treatment. RESULTS At homeostasis, TPOm expanded the number of circulating platelets and HSPCs, ECs, and MSCs in the BM. Following sublethal TBI, TPOm improved BM architecture and promoted recovery of HSPCs, ECs, and MSCs. Furthermore, TPOm elevated VEGF-C levels in normal and irradiated mice. Following lethal irradiation, mice improved body weight recovery and 30-day survival when treated with TPOm after 137Cs and X-ray exposure. Additionally, TPOm reduced vascular dilation and permeability. Finally, single-cell RNA-seq analysis indicated that TPOm increased the expression of collagens in MSCs to enhance their interaction with other progenitors in BM and upregulated the regeneration pathway in MSCs. CONCLUSIONS TPOm interacts with BM vascular and stromal niches to locally support hematopoietic reconstitution and systemically improve survival in mice after TBI. Therefore, this work warrants the development of TPOm as a potent radiation MCM for the treatment of ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Vercellino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Beata Małachowska
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Shilpa Kulkarni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Brett I Bell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shahin Shajahan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gary Eichenbaum
- Johnson & Johnson, Office of the Chief Medical Officer, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Bioconvergent Health, LLC, Purchase, NY, USA
| | - Amit K Verma
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sanchita P Ghosh
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Weng-Lang Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Paul S Frenette
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Chandan Guha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Bioconvergent Health, LLC, Purchase, NY, USA.
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Chen X, Liu C, Wang J, Du C. Hematopoietic Stem Cells as an Integrative Hub Linking Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Health. Cells 2024; 13:712. [PMID: 38667327 PMCID: PMC11049205 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite breakthroughs in modern medical care, the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is even more prevalent globally. Increasing epidemiologic evidence indicates that emerging cardiovascular risk factors arising from the modern lifestyle, including psychosocial stress, sleep problems, unhealthy diet patterns, physical inactivity/sedentary behavior, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking, contribute significantly to this worldwide epidemic, while its underpinning mechanisms are enigmatic. Hematological and immune systems were recently demonstrated to play integrative roles in linking lifestyle to cardiovascular health. In particular, alterations in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis, which is usually characterized by proliferation, expansion, mobilization, megakaryocyte/myeloid-biased differentiation, and/or the pro-inflammatory priming of HSCs, have been shown to be involved in the persistent overproduction of pro-inflammatory myeloid leukocytes and platelets, the cellular protagonists of cardiovascular inflammation and thrombosis, respectively. Furthermore, certain lifestyle factors, such as a healthy diet pattern and physical exercise, have been documented to exert cardiovascular protective effects through promoting quiescence, bone marrow retention, balanced differentiation, and/or the anti-inflammatory priming of HSCs. Here, we review the current understanding of and progression in research on the mechanistic interrelationships among lifestyle, HSC homeostasis, and cardiovascular health. Given that adhering to a healthy lifestyle has become a mainstream primary preventative approach to lowering the cardiovascular burden, unmasking the causal links between lifestyle and cardiovascular health from the perspective of hematopoiesis would open new opportunities to prevent and treat CVD in the present age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; (X.C.); (C.L.)
| | - Changhong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; (X.C.); (C.L.)
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Araki D, Hong S, Linde N, Fisk B, Redekar N, Salisbury-Ruf C, Krouse A, Engels T, Golomb J, Dagur P, Magnani DM, Wang Z, Larochelle A. cMPL-Based Purification and Depletion of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Implications for Pre-Transplant Conditioning. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.24.581887. [PMID: 38464076 PMCID: PMC10925094 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.24.581887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The transplantation of gene-modified autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) offers a promising therapeutic approach for hematological and immunological disorders. However, this strategy is often limited by the toxicities associated with traditional conditioning regimens. Antibody-based conditioning strategies targeting cKIT and CD45 antigens have shown potential in mitigating these toxicities, but their long-term safety and efficacy in clinical settings require further validation. In this study, we investigate the thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor, cMPL, as a novel target for conditioning protocols. We demonstrate that high surface expression of cMPL is a hallmark feature of long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) within the adult human CD34+ HSPC subset. Targeting the cMPL receptor facilitates the separation of human LT-HSCs from mature progenitors, a delineation not achievable with cKIT. Leveraging this finding, we developed a cMPL-targeting immunotoxin, demonstrating its ability to selectively deplete host cMPLhigh LT-HSCs with a favorable safety profile and rapid clearance within 24 hours post-infusion in rhesus macaques. These findings present significant potential to advance our understanding of human hematopoiesis and enhance the therapeutic outcomes of ex vivo autologous HSPC gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Araki
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sogun Hong
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nathaniel Linde
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bryan Fisk
- Integrated Data Science Services, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Neelam Redekar
- Integrated Data Science Services, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christi Salisbury-Ruf
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Allen Krouse
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Theresa Engels
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Priority One Services, Inc., Alexandria, VA 22310, USA
| | - Justin Golomb
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Priority One Services, Inc., Alexandria, VA 22310, USA
| | - Pradeep Dagur
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Diogo M. Magnani
- Nonhuman Primate Reagent Resource, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Zhirui Wang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Andre Larochelle
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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9
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Vercellino J, Małachowska B, Kulkarni S, Bell BI, Shajahan S, Shinoda K, Eichenbaum G, Verma AK, Ghosh SP, Yang WL, Frenette PS, Guha C. Thrombopoietin mimetic stimulates bone marrow vascular and stromal niches to mitigate acute radiation syndrome. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3946910. [PMID: 38463959 PMCID: PMC10925435 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3946910/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) manifests after exposure to high doses of radiation in the instances of radiologic accidents or incidents. Facilitating the regeneration of the bone marrow (BM), namely the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), is a key in mitigating ARS and multi-organ failure. JNJ-26366821, a PEGylated thrombopoietin mimetic (TPOm) peptide, has been shown as an effective medical countermeasure (MCM) to treat hematopoietic-ARS (H-ARS) in mice. However, the activity of TPOm on regulating BM vascular and stromal niches to support HSPC regeneration has not yet been elucidated. Methods C57BL/6J mice (9-14 weeks old) received sublethal or lethal total body irradiation (TBI), a model for H-ARS, by 137Cs or X-rays. At 24 hours post-irradiation, mice were subcutaneously injected with a single dose of TPOm (0.3 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg) or PBS (vehicle). At homeostasis and on days 4, 7, 10, 14, 18, and 21 post-TBI with and without TPOm treatment, BM was harvested for histology, BM flow cytometry of HSPCs, endothelial (EC) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), and whole-mount confocal microscopy. For survival, irradiated mice were monitored and weighed for 30 days. Lastly, BM triple negative cells (TNC; CD45-, TER-119-, CD31-) were sorted for single-cell RNA-sequencing to examine transcriptomics after TBI with or without TPOm treatment. Results At homeostasis, TPOm expanded the number of circulating platelets and HSPCs, ECs, and MSCs in the BM. Following sublethal TBI, TPOm improved BM architecture and promoted recovery of HSPCs, ECs, and MSCs. Furthermore, TPOm elevated VEGF-C levels in normal and irradiated mice. Following lethal irradiation, mice improved body weight recovery and 30-day survival when treated with TPOm after 137Cs and X-ray exposure. Additionally, TPOm reduced vascular dilation and permeability. Finally, single-cell RNA-seq analysis indicated that TPOm increased the expression of collagens in MSCs to enhance their interaction with other progenitors in BM and upregulated the regeneration pathway in MSCs. Conclusions TPOm interacts with BM vascular and stromal niches to locally support hematopoietic reconstitution and systemically improve survival in mice after TBI. Therefore, this work warrants the development of TPOm as a potent radiation MCM for the treatment of ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shilpa Kulkarni
- NIAID: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
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10
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Lee S, Zhan H. Deciphering the differential impact of thrombopoietin/MPL signaling on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell function in bone marrow and spleen. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:211-223. [PMID: 38215758 PMCID: PMC10874852 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO) and its receptor MPL play crucial roles in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function and platelet production. However, the precise effects of TPO/MPL signaling on HSC regulation in different hematopoietic niches remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of TPO/MPL ablation on marrow and splenic hematopoiesis in TPO-/- and MPL-/- mice during aging. Despite severe thrombocytopenia, TPO-/- and MPL-/- mice did not develop marrow failure during a 2-year follow-up. Marrow and splenic HSCs exhibited different responses to TPO/MPL ablation and exogenous TPO treatment. Splenic niche cells compensated for marrow HSC loss in TPO-/- and MPL-/- mice by upregulating CXCL12 levels. These findings provide new insights into the complex regulation of HSCs by TPO/MPL and reveal a previously unknown link between TPO and CXCL12, two key growth factors for HSC maintenance. Understanding the distinct regulatory mechanisms between marrow and spleen hematopoiesis will help to develop novel therapeutic approaches for hematopoietic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Lee
- Graduate Program in Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Huichun Zhan
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Medical Service, Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA.
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11
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Zhang Y, Liu F. The evolving views of hematopoiesis: from embryo to adulthood and from in vivo to in vitro. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:3-15. [PMID: 37734711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The hematopoietic system composed of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their differentiated lineages serves as an ideal model to uncover generic principles of cell fate transitions. From gastrulation onwards, there successively emerge primitive hematopoiesis (that produces specialized hematopoietic cells), pro-definitive hematopoiesis (that produces lineage-restricted progenitor cells), and definitive hematopoiesis (that produces multipotent HSPCs). These nascent lineages develop in several transient hematopoietic sites and finally colonize into lifelong hematopoietic sites. The development and maintenance of hematopoietic lineages are orchestrated by cell-intrinsic gene regulatory networks and cell-extrinsic microenvironmental cues. Owing to the progressive methodology (e.g., high-throughput lineage tracing and single-cell functional and omics analyses), our understanding of the developmental origin of hematopoietic lineages and functional properties of certain hematopoietic organs has been updated; meanwhile, new paradigms to characterize rare cell types, cell heterogeneity and its causes, and comprehensive regulatory landscapes have been provided. Here, we review the evolving views of HSPC biology during developmental and postnatal hematopoiesis. Moreover, we discuss recent advances in the in vitro induction and expansion of HSPCs, with a focus on the implications for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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12
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Takeishi S, Marchand T, Koba WR, Borger DK, Xu C, Guha C, Bergman A, Frenette PS, Gritsman K, Steidl U. Haematopoietic stem cell numbers are not solely determined by niche availability. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.28.564559. [PMID: 37961493 PMCID: PMC10634881 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.28.564559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in specialized microenvironments, also referred to as niches, and it has been widely believed that HSC numbers are determined by the niche size alone 1-5 . However, the vast excess of the number of niche cells over that of HSCs raises questions about this model. We initially established a mathematical model of niche availability and occupancy, which predicted that HSC numbers are restricted at both systemic and local levels. To address this question experimentally, we developed a femoral bone transplantation system, enabling us to increase the number of available HSC niches. We found that the addition of niches does not alter total HSC numbers in the body, regardless of whether the endogenous (host) niche is intact or defective, suggesting that HSC numbers are limited at the systemic level. Additionally, HSC numbers in transplanted wild-type femurs did not increase beyond physiological levels when HSCs were mobilized from defective endogenous niches to the periphery, indicating that HSC numbers are also constrained at the local level. Our study demonstrates that HSC numbers are not solely determined by niche availability, thereby rewriting the long-standing model for the regulation of HSC numbers.
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13
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Luis TC, Barkas N, Carrelha J, Giustacchini A, Mazzi S, Norfo R, Wu B, Aliouat A, Guerrero JA, Rodriguez-Meira A, Bouriez-Jones T, Macaulay IC, Jasztal M, Zhu G, Ni H, Robson MJ, Blakely RD, Mead AJ, Nerlov C, Ghevaert C, Jacobsen SEW. Perivascular niche cells sense thrombocytopenia and activate hematopoietic stem cells in an IL-1 dependent manner. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6062. [PMID: 37770432 PMCID: PMC10539537 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) residing in specialized niches in the bone marrow are responsible for the balanced output of multiple short-lived blood cell lineages in steady-state and in response to different challenges. However, feedback mechanisms by which HSCs, through their niches, sense acute losses of specific blood cell lineages remain to be established. While all HSCs replenish platelets, previous studies have shown that a large fraction of HSCs are molecularly primed for the megakaryocyte-platelet lineage and are rapidly recruited into proliferation upon platelet depletion. Platelets normally turnover in an activation-dependent manner, herein mimicked by antibodies inducing platelet activation and depletion. Antibody-mediated platelet activation upregulates expression of Interleukin-1 (IL-1) in platelets, and in bone marrow extracellular fluid in vivo. Genetic experiments demonstrate that rather than IL-1 directly activating HSCs, activation of bone marrow Lepr+ perivascular niche cells expressing IL-1 receptor is critical for the optimal activation of quiescent HSCs upon platelet activation and depletion. These findings identify a feedback mechanism by which activation-induced depletion of a mature blood cell lineage leads to a niche-dependent activation of HSCs to reinstate its homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago C Luis
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK.
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK.
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, W12 0NN, London, UK.
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
| | - Nikolaos Barkas
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Joana Carrelha
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Alice Giustacchini
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Mazzi
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ruggiero Norfo
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Bishan Wu
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Affaf Aliouat
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Jose A Guerrero
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alba Rodriguez-Meira
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Tiphaine Bouriez-Jones
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Iain C Macaulay
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UZ, Norwich, UK
| | - Maria Jasztal
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guangheng Zhu
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
- CCOA Therapeutics Inc, Toronto, ON, M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Heyu Ni
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
- CCOA Therapeutics Inc, Toronto, ON, M5B 1T8, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Matthew J Robson
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine and Stiles-Nicholson Brain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Randy D Blakely
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine and Stiles-Nicholson Brain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Adam J Mead
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Claus Nerlov
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Cedric Ghevaert
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sten Eirik W Jacobsen
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK.
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK.
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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14
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Zhang M, Zhang G, Xu F, Liu M, Dong X, Qi W, Wang H. Identification of Plasma Thrombopoietin Level and Its Significance in Patients with Aplastic Anemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Glob Med Genet 2023; 10:194-198. [PMID: 37565060 PMCID: PMC10411100 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our objective was to investigate the concentration of plasma thrombopoietin (TPO) in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), as well as its relationship with patients' responses to recombined human TPO (rhTPO) therapy. Methods We detected the concentration of plasma TPO in 31 patients with AA, 27 patients with MDS, and 11 normal controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The median concentration of plasma TPO in patients with AA, MDS, and controls was (841.08 ± 768.64), (212.41 ± 338.93), and (35.09 ± 18.21) pg/mL, respectively. The TPO concentration in patients with AA and MDS was significantly higher than that in controls ( p < 0.05). The median platelet (PLT) counts were (184 ± 34) ×10 9 /L in the control group and (24 ± 19) ×10 9 /L and (80 ± 71) ×10 9 /L in AA and MDS patients, respectively. Negative correlations were found between plasma TPO concentration and PLT counts as well as megakaryocytes in bone marrow ( p < 0.05). In AA patients treated with rhTPO, a negative correlation was observed between increased PLT counts and pretreatment TPO levels ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Plasma TPO concentration in AA and MDS was significantly higher than that in normal controls. Plasma TPO was negatively correlated with peripheral blood PLT counts and bone marrow megakaryocyte counts. The pretreatment TPO level may serve as a prognostic indicator for the therapeutic effect of rhTPO in AA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaochao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xifeng Dong
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaquan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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15
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Dulmovits BM, Wild KT, Flibotte J, Lambert MP, Kwiatkowski J, Thom CS. Neonatal Thrombocytopenia as a Presenting Finding in de novo Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency. Neonatology 2023; 120:661-665. [PMID: 37473739 PMCID: PMC11027091 DOI: 10.1159/000531242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is a common laboratory abnormality encountered in critically ill neonates. The broad differential for thrombocytopenia, and its association with potentially severe neonatal pathology, often presents a diagnostic dilemma prompting extensive evaluation. Hemolysis due to red cell enzymopathies is a rare cause of neonatal thrombocytopenia that is typically brief and self-limiting. Here, we present a case of thrombocytopenia, refractory to transfusion, associated with anemia and hyperbilirubinemia in a neonate with pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) arising from compound heterozygous PKLR mutations. The nature of the thrombocytopenia in this patient created considerable diagnostic uncertainty, which was ultimately resolved by whole-exome sequencing. This case emphasizes that inherited red cell defects, such as PKD, are important to consider in cases of neonatal thrombocytopenia.
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MESH Headings
- Infant, Newborn
- Humans
- Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Nonspherocytic/complications
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Nonspherocytic/diagnosis
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Nonspherocytic/genetics
- Pyruvate Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis
- Pyruvate Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics
- Pyruvate Metabolism, Inborn Errors/complications
- Pyruvate Kinase/genetics
- Anemia
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Dulmovits
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - K Taylor Wild
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John Flibotte
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michele P Lambert
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Janet Kwiatkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Christopher S Thom
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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16
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Tomasoni C, Pievani A, Rambaldi B, Biondi A, Serafini M. A Question of Frame: The Role of the Bone Marrow Stromal Niche in Myeloid Malignancies. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e896. [PMID: 37234820 PMCID: PMC10208717 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Until a few years ago, the onset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was entirely ascribed to genetic lesions in hematopoietic stem cells. These mutations generate leukemic stem cells, which are known to be the main ones responsible for chemoresistance and relapse. However, in the last years, increasing evidence demonstrated that dynamic interplay between leukemic cells and bone marrow (BM) niche is of paramount relevance in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies, including AML. Specifically, BM stromal niche components, such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their osteoblastic cell derivatives, play a key role not only in supporting normal hematopoiesis but also in the manifestation and progression of myeloid malignancies. Here, we reviewed recent clinical and experimental findings about how genetic and functional alterations in MSCs and osteolineage progeny can contribute to leukemogenesis and how leukemic cells in turn generate a corrupted niche able to support myeloid neoplasms. Moreover, we discussed how the newest single-cell technologies may help dissect the interactions between BM stromal cells and malignant hematopoiesis. The deep comprehension of the tangled relationship between stroma and AML blasts and their modulation during disease progression may have a valuable impact on the development of new microenvironment-directed therapeutic strategies, potentially useful for a wide cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tomasoni
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Alice Pievani
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Benedetta Rambaldi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Marta Serafini
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
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17
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Mendoza-Castrejon J, Magee JA. Layered immunity and layered leukemogenicity: Developmentally restricted mechanisms of pediatric leukemia initiation. Immunol Rev 2023; 315:197-215. [PMID: 36588481 PMCID: PMC10301262 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitor cells (MPPs) arise in successive waves during ontogeny, and their properties change significantly throughout life. Ontological changes in HSCs/MPPs underlie corresponding changes in mechanisms of pediatric leukemia initiation. As HSCs and MPPs progress from fetal to neonatal, juvenile and adult stages of life, they undergo transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming that modifies immune output to meet age-specific pathogenic challenges. Some immune cells arise exclusively from fetal HSCs/MPPs. We propose that this layered immunity instructs cell fates that underlie a parallel layered leukemogenicity. Indeed, some pediatric leukemias, such as juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome, and infant pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, are age-restricted. They only present during infancy or early childhood. These leukemias likely arise from fetal progenitors that lose competence for transformation as they age. Other childhood leukemias, such as non-infant pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, have mutation profiles that are common in childhood but rare in morphologically similar adult leukemias. These differences could reflect temporal changes in mechanisms of mutagenesis or changes in how progenitors respond to a given mutation at different ages. Interactions between leukemogenic mutations and normal developmental switches offer potential targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonny Mendoza-Castrejon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jeffrey A. Magee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110
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18
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Lee S, Zhan H. Deciphering the Differential Impact of Thrombopoietin/MPL Signaling on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Function in Bone Marrow and Spleen. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.27.538580. [PMID: 37162918 PMCID: PMC10168386 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.27.538580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO) and its receptor MPL play crucial roles in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function and platelet production. However, the precise effects of TPO/MPL signaling on HSC regulation in different hematopoietic niches remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of TPO/MPL ablation on marrow and splenic hematopoiesis in TPO-/- and MPL-/- mice during aging. Despite severe thrombocytopenia, TPO-/- and MPL-/- mice did not develop marrow failure during a 2-year follow-up. Marrow and splenic HSCs exhibited different responses to TPO/MPL ablation and exogenous TPO treatment. Splenic niche cells compensated for marrow HSC loss in TPO-/- and MPL-/- mice by upregulating CXCL12 levels. These findings provide new insights into the complex regulation of HSCs by TPO/MPL and reveal a previously unknown link between TPO and CXCL12, two key growth factors for HSC maintenance. Understanding the distinct regulatory mechanisms between marrow and spleen hematopoiesis will help develop novel therapeutic approaches for hematopoietic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Lee
- Graduate Program in Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Huichun Zhan
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY
- Medical Service, Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY
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19
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Heazlewood SY, Ahmad T, Cao B, Cao H, Domingues M, Sun X, Heazlewood CK, Li S, Williams B, Fulton M, White JF, Nebl T, Nefzger CM, Polo JM, Kile BT, Kraus F, Ryan MT, Sun YB, Choong PFM, Ellis SL, Anko ML, Nilsson SK. High ploidy large cytoplasmic megakaryocytes are hematopoietic stem cells regulators and essential for platelet production. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2099. [PMID: 37055407 PMCID: PMC10102126 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MK) generate platelets. Recently, we and others, have reported MK also regulate hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Here we show high ploidy large cytoplasmic megakaryocytes (LCM) are critical negative regulators of HSC and critical for platelet formation. Using a mouse knockout model (Pf4-Srsf3Δ/Δ) with normal MK numbers, but essentially devoid of LCM, we demonstrate a pronounced increase in BM HSC concurrent with endogenous mobilization and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Severe thrombocytopenia is observed in animals with diminished LCM, although there is no change in MK ploidy distribution, uncoupling endoreduplication and platelet production. When HSC isolated from a microenvironment essentially devoid of LCM reconstitute hematopoiesis in lethally irradiated mice, the absence of LCM increases HSC in BM, blood and spleen, and the recapitulation of thrombocytopenia. In contrast, following a competitive transplant using minimal numbers of WT HSC together with HSC from a microenvironment with diminished LCM, sufficient WT HSC-generated LCM regulates a normal HSC pool and prevents thrombocytopenia. Importantly, LCM are conserved in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Y Heazlewood
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin Cao
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Huimin Cao
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie Domingues
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xuan Sun
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chad K Heazlewood
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Songhui Li
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brenda Williams
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Madeline Fulton
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jacinta F White
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tom Nebl
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian M Nefzger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jose M Polo
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin T Kile
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Felix Kraus
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yu B Sun
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter F M Choong
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma Service, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedics, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah L Ellis
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Minna-Liisa Anko
- Centre for Reproductive Health and Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Susan K Nilsson
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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20
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Deng ZH, Ma LY, Chen Q, Liu Y. Dynamic crosstalk between hematopoietic stem cells and their niche from emergence to aging. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2200121. [PMID: 36707486 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of somatic stem cells is regulated by their niche. Interaction between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their niches are a representative model to understand stem cell-niche interplay. Here, we provide an overview of crosstalk between HSCs and their niches in bone marrow and extramedullary organs following the life journey of HSCs from emergence, development, maturation until aging. We highlight the unique differences of HSC niches in different life stages within various organs focusing on recent literature to propose new speculations and hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Hua Deng
- Center for cell lineage and development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan-Yue Ma
- Center for cell lineage and development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Center for cell lineage and development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Omatsu Y. Cellular niches for hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow under normal and malignant conditions. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:15. [PMID: 36805714 PMCID: PMC9942337 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout adult life, most lineages of blood cells, including immune cells, are generated from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow. HSCs are thought to require special microenvironments, termed niches, for their maintenance in the bone marrow; however, the identity of the HSC cellular niche has been a subject of long-standing debate. Although diverse candidates have been proposed so far, accumulated studies demonstrate that the bone marrow-specific population of fibroblastic reticular cells with long processes, termed CXC chemokine ligand 12-abundant reticular cells (which overlap strongly with leptin receptor-expressing cells), termed CAR/LepR+ cells, are the pivotal cellular component of niches for HSCs and lymphoid progenitors. Sinusoidal endothelial cells (ECs) are also important for hematopoietic homeostasis and regeneration. Hematopoiesis is altered dynamically by various stimuli such as inflammation, infection, and leukemia, all of which affect cellular niches and alter their function. Therefore, it is important to consider situations in which stimuli affect HSCs, either via direct interaction or indirectly via the hematopoietic niches. In this review, the dynamics of cellular niches in the steady state and disease are described, with a focus on CAR/LepR+ cells and ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Omatsu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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22
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Pinho S, Zhao M. Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Their Bone Marrow Niches. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1442:17-28. [PMID: 38228956 PMCID: PMC10881178 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7471-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are maintained in the bone marrow microenvironment, also known as the niche, that regulates their proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation. In this chapter, we will introduce the history of HSC niche research and review the interdependencies between HSCs and their niches. We will further highlight recent advances in our understanding of HSC heterogeneity with regard to HSC subpopulations and their interacting cellular and molecular bone marrow niche constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pinho
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Meng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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23
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Kim MJ, Valderrábano RJ, Wu JY. Osteoblast Lineage Support of Hematopoiesis in Health and Disease. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1823-1842. [PMID: 35983701 PMCID: PMC11346465 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, hematopoiesis migrates to the bone marrow during embryogenesis coincident with the appearance of mineralized bone, where hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their progeny are maintained by the surrounding microenvironment or niche, and sustain the entirety of the hematopoietic system. Genetic manipulation of niche factors and advances in cell lineage tracing techniques have implicated cells of both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic origin as important regulators of hematopoiesis in health and disease. Among them, cells of the osteoblast lineage, from stromal skeletal stem cells to matrix-embedded osteocytes, are vital niche residents with varying capacities for hematopoietic support depending on stage of differentiation. Here, we review populations of osteoblasts at differing stages of differentiation and summarize the current understanding of the role of the osteoblast lineage in supporting hematopoiesis. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rodrigo J Valderrábano
- Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joy Y Wu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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24
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Peci F, Dekker L, Pagliaro A, van Boxtel R, Nierkens S, Belderbos M. The cellular composition and function of the bone marrow niche after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2022; 57:1357-1364. [PMID: 35690693 PMCID: PMC9187885 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-022-01728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative therapy for patients with a variety of malignant and non-malignant diseases. Despite its life-saving potential, HCT is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Reciprocal interactions between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their surrounding bone marrow (BM) niche regulate HSC function during homeostatic hematopoiesis as well as regeneration. However, current pre-HCT conditioning regimens, which consist of high-dose chemotherapy and/or irradiation, cause substantial short- and long-term toxicity to the BM niche. This damage may negatively affect HSC function, impair hematopoietic regeneration after HCT and predispose to HCT-related morbidity and mortality. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the cellular composition of the human BM niche after HCT. We describe how pre-HCT conditioning affects the cell types in the niche, including endothelial cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and neurons. Finally, we discuss therapeutic strategies to prevent or repair conditioning-induced niche damage, which may promote hematopoietic recovery and improve HCT outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Peci
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Linde Dekker
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Pagliaro
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben van Boxtel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Belderbos
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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25
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Miao R, Chun H, Feng X, Gomes AC, Choi J, Pereira JP. Competition between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells controls hematopoietic stem cell compartment size. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4611. [PMID: 35941168 PMCID: PMC9360400 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular competition for limiting hematopoietic factors is a physiologically regulated but poorly understood process. Here, we studied this phenomenon by hampering hematopoietic progenitor access to Leptin receptor+ mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). We show that HSC numbers increase by 2-fold when multipotent and lineage-restricted progenitors fail to respond to CXCL12 produced by MSPCs and ECs. HSCs are qualitatively normal, and HSC expansion only occurs when early hematopoietic progenitors but not differentiated hematopoietic cells lack CXCR4. Furthermore, the MSPC and EC transcriptomic heterogeneity is stable, suggesting that it is impervious to major changes in hematopoietic progenitor interactions. Instead, HSC expansion correlates with increased availability of membrane-bound stem cell factor (mSCF) on MSPCs and ECs presumably due to reduced consumption by cKit-expressing hematopoietic progenitors. These studies suggest that an intricate homeostatic balance between HSCs and proximal hematopoietic progenitors is regulated by cell competition for limited amounts of mSCF. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) rely on a combination of paracrine signals produced by their niche, including SCF. Here the authors show that HSCs and hematopoietic progenitors compete for limited amounts of membrane-bound SCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runfeng Miao
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Harim Chun
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Xing Feng
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jungmin Choi
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
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26
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Yang L, Wu L, Meng P, Zhang X, Zhao D, Lin Q, Zhang Y. Generation of a thrombopoietin-deficient thrombocytopenia model in zebrafish. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1900-1909. [PMID: 35622056 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The production of platelets is tightly regulated by thrombopoietin (THPO). Mutations in the THPO gene cause thrombocytopenia. Although mice lacking Thpo present with thrombocytopenia, predicting phenotypes and pathogenicity of novel THPO mutations in mice is limited. Zebrafish can be a powerful tool for fast validation and study of candidate genes of human hematological diseases and have already been used as a model of human thrombocytopenia. OBJECTIVES We aim to investigate the role of Thpo in zebrafish thrombopoiesis and to establish a Thpo-deficient zebrafish model. The model could be applied for illustrating the clinically discovered human THPO variants of which the clinical significance is not known and to evaluate the effect of THPO receptor agonists (THPO-Ras), as well as a screening platform for new drugs. METHODS We generated a thpo loss-of-function zebrafish model using CRISPR/Cas9. After disruption of zebrafish thpo, thposzy6 zebrafish presented with a significant reduction of thpo expression and developed thrombocytopenia. Furthermore, we performed in vivo studies with zebrafish with the thposzy6 mutation and found two human clinical point mutations (c.091C > T and c.112C > T) that were responsible for the thrombocytopenia phenotype. In addition, effects of THPO-RAs used as therapeutics against thrombocytopenia were evaluated in the Tg(mpl:eGFP);thposzy6 line. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Zebrafish with the mutation thposzy6 presented with a significant reduction of thpo expression and developed thrombocytopenia. Thpo loss-of-function zebrafish model can serve as a valuable preclinical model for thrombocytopenia caused by thpo-deficiency, as well as a tool to study human clinical THPO variants and evaluate the effect of THPO-RAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Yang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Meng
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuebing Zhang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dejian Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyue Zhang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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27
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Kanazawa S, Okada H, Riu D, Mabuchi Y, Akazawa C, Iwata J, Hoshi K, Hikita A. Hematopoietic-Mesenchymal Signals Regulate the Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158238. [PMID: 35897814 PMCID: PMC9330127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the properties of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSCs), such as their self-renewal ability and multipotency, are maintained through interactions with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are rare cells that are present in the bone marrow and are useful for clinical applications due to their functional ability. To obtain the necessary number of cells, MSCs must be cultured to expand, but this causes a remarkable decrease in stem cell properties, such as multipotency and proliferation ability. In this study, we show that the c-Mpl signal, which is related to the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells, has an important effect on the proliferation and differentiation ability of MSCs. Utilizing a co-culture system comprising MSCs and HSCs, it is suggested that signaling from hematopoietic cells to MSCs supports cell proliferation. Interestingly, the enhanced proliferation ability of the HSCs was decreased in c-Mpl knock-out HSCs (c-Mpl-KO). In addition, the MSCs co-cultured with c-Mpl-KO HSCs had reduced MSC marker expression (PDGFRa and Sca-1) compared to the MSCs co-cultured with c-Mpl-wild-type HSCs. These results suggest that a hematopoietic–mesenchymal signal exists, and that the state of the HSCs is important for the stability of MSC properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanshiro Kanazawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Dan Riu
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; (D.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan;
- Intractable Disease Research Centre, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan;
| | - Chihiro Akazawa
- Intractable Disease Research Centre, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan;
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Kazuto Hoshi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; (D.R.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5800-8669
| | - Atsuhiko Hikita
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; (D.R.); (A.H.)
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28
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Krenn PW, Montanez E, Costell M, Fässler R. Integrins, anchors and signal transducers of hematopoietic stem cells during development and in adulthood. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 149:203-261. [PMID: 35606057 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the apex of the hierarchically organized blood cell production system, are generated in the yolk sac, aorta-gonad-mesonephros region and placenta of the developing embryo. To maintain life-long hematopoiesis, HSCs emigrate from their site of origin and seed in distinct microenvironments, called niches, of fetal liver and bone marrow where they receive supportive signals for self-renewal, expansion and production of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), which in turn orchestrate the production of the hematopoietic effector cells. The interactions of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with niche components are to a large part mediated by the integrin superfamily of adhesion molecules. Here, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the functional properties of integrins and their activators, Talin-1 and Kindlin-3, for HSPC generation, function and fate decisions during development and in adulthood. In addition, we discuss integrin-mediated mechanosensing for HSC-niche interactions, ex vivo protocols aimed at expanding HSCs for therapeutic use, and recent approaches targeting the integrin-mediated adhesion in leukemia-inducing HSCs in their protecting, malignant niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Krenn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Eloi Montanez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Costell
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain; Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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29
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Aprile A, Sighinolfi S, Raggi L, Ferrari G. Targeting the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche in β-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050592. [PMID: 35631417 PMCID: PMC9146437 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, research on pathophysiology and therapeutic solutions for β-thalassemia (BThal) and sickle cell disease (SCD) has been mostly focused on the primary erythroid defect, thus neglecting the study of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. The quality and engraftment of HSCs depend on the BM microenvironment, influencing the outcome of HSC transplantation (HSCT) both in allogeneic and in autologous gene therapy settings. In BThal and SCD, the consequences of severe anemia alter erythropoiesis and cause chronic stress in different organs, including the BM. Here, we discuss the recent findings that highlighted multiple alterations of the BM niche in BThal and SCD. We point out the importance of improving our understanding of HSC biology, the status of the BM niche, and their functional crosstalk in these disorders towards the novel concept of combined therapies by not only targeting the genetic defect, but also key players of the HSC–niche interaction in order to improve the clinical outcomes of transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Aprile
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.F.)
| | - Silvia Sighinolfi
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Raggi
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.)
- University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ferrari
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.F.)
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30
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Kandarakov O, Belyavsky A, Semenova E. Bone Marrow Niches of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084462. [PMID: 35457280 PMCID: PMC9032554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian hematopoietic system is remarkably efficient in meeting an organism’s vital needs, yet is highly sensitive and exquisitely regulated. Much of the organismal control over hematopoiesis comes from the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by specific microenvironments called niches in bone marrow (BM), where HSCs reside. The experimental studies of the last two decades using the most sophisticated and advanced techniques have provided important data on the identity of the niche cells controlling HSCs functions and some mechanisms underlying niche-HSC interactions. In this review we discuss various aspects of organization and functioning of the HSC cell niche in bone marrow. In particular, we review the anatomy of BM niches, various cell types composing the niche, niches for more differentiated cells, metabolism of HSCs in relation to the niche, niche aging, leukemic transformation of the niche, and the current state of HSC niche modeling in vitro.
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Megakaryocyte/platelet-derived TGF-β1 inhibits megakaryopoiesis in bone marrow by regulating thrombopoietin production in liver. Blood Adv 2022; 6:3321-3328. [PMID: 35358295 PMCID: PMC9198906 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) regulates a wide variety of events in the adult bone marrow, including quiescence of hematopoietic stem cells, via an undefined mechanism. Because megakaryocyte/platelets are a rich source of TGF-β1, we assessed whether TGF-β1 might inhibit its own production by comparing mice with conditional inactivation of Tgfb1 in megakaryocytes (PF4Cre;Tgfb1flox/flox) and control mice. PF4Cre;Tgfb1flox/flox mice had ~30% more megakaryocytes in BM and ~15% more circulating platelets than control mice (p<0.001). Thrombopoietin (TPO) levels in plasma and TPO expression in liver were ~2-fold higher in PF4Cre;Tgfb1flox/flox than in control mice (p<0.01), whereas the TPO expression in BM cells was similar between these mice. In BM cell culture, TPO treatment increased the number of megakaryocytes from WT-mice by ~3-fold, which increased a further ~2-fold in the presence of a TGF-β1-neutralizing antibody, and increased the number of megakaryocytes from PF4Cre;Tgfb1flox/flox mice ~5-fold. Our data reveal a new role for TGF-β1 produced by megakaryocyte/platelets in regulating its own production in BM via increasing TPO production in the liver. Further studies are required to determine the mechanism.
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Lee Y, DiMaulo-Milk E, Leslie J, Ding L. Hematopoietic stem cells temporally transition to thrombopoietin dependence in the fetal liver. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm7688. [PMID: 35294228 PMCID: PMC8926339 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm7688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tissue stem cells temporally change intrinsic mechanisms to meet physiological demands. However, little is known whether and how stem cells rely on distinct extrinsic maintenance mechanisms over time. Here, we found that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) temporally transition to depend on thrombopoietin (TPO), a key extrinsic factor, from E16.5 onward in the developing liver. Deletion of Tpo reduced mTOR activity, induced differentiation gene expression, and preferentially depleted metabolically active HSCs. Ectopic activation of the JAK2 or MAPK pathway did not rescue HSCs in Tpo-/- mice. Enforced activation of the mTOR pathway by conditionally deleting Tsc1 significantly rescued HSCs and their gene expression in Tpo-/- mice. Lin28b intrinsically promoted mTOR activation in HSCs, and its expression diminished over time. Conditional deletion of Lin28b further reduced mTOR activity and strongly exacerbated HSC depletion in Tpo-/- mice. Therefore, HSCs temporally transition from intrinsic LIN28B-dependent to extrinsic TPO-dependent maintenance in the developing liver.
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Du C, Wang X, Wu Y, Liao W, Xiong J, Zhu Y, Liu C, Han W, Wang Y, Han S, Chen S, Xu Y, Wang S, Wang F, Yang K, Zhao J, Wang J. Renal Klotho and inorganic phosphate are extrinsic factors that antagonistically regulate hematopoietic stem cell maintenance. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110392. [PMID: 35172146 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition and origin of extrinsic cues required for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance are incompletely understood. Here we identify renal Klotho and inorganic phosphate (Pi) as extrinsic factors that antagonistically regulate HSC maintenance in the bone marrow (BM). Disruption of the Klotho-Pi axis by renal Klotho deficiency or Pi excess causes Pi overload in the BM niche and Pi retention in HSCs, leading to alteration of HSC maintenance. Mechanistically, Pi retention is mediated by soluble carrier family 20 member 1 (SLC20A1) and sensed by diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinase 2 (PPIP5K2) to enhance Akt activation, which then upregulates SLC20A1 to aggravate Pi retention and augments GATA2 activity to drive the expansion and megakaryocyte/myeloid-biased differentiation of HSCs. However, kidney-secreted soluble Klotho directly maintains HSC pool size and differentiation by restraining SLC20A1-mediated Pi absorption of HSCs. These findings uncover a regulatory role of the Klotho-Pi axis orchestrated by the kidneys in BM HSC maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yiding Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Weinian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiachuan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yingguo Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Chaonan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenhao Han
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Songling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shilei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
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The bone marrow niche from the inside out: how megakaryocytes are shaped by and shape hematopoiesis. Blood 2022; 139:483-491. [PMID: 34587234 PMCID: PMC8938937 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs), the largest of the hematopoietic cells, are responsible for producing platelets by extending and depositing long proplatelet extensions into the bloodstream. The traditional view of megakaryopoiesis describes the cellular journey from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) along the myeloid branch of hematopoiesis. However, recent studies suggest that MKs can be generated from multiple pathways, some of which do not require transit through multipotent or bipotent MK-erythroid progenitor stages in steady-state and emergency conditions. Growing evidence suggests that these emergency conditions are due to stress-induced molecular changes in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, also called the BM niche. These changes can result from insults that affect the BM cellular composition, microenvironment, architecture, or a combination of these factors. In this review, we explore MK development, focusing on recent studies showing that MKs can be generated from multiple divergent pathways. We highlight how the BM niche may encourage and alter these processes using different mechanisms of communication, such as direct cell-to-cell contact, secreted molecules (autocrine and paracrine signaling), and the release of cellular components (eg, extracellular vesicles). We also explore how MKs can actively build and shape the surrounding BM niche.
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35
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Liu B, Tao C, Wu Z, Yao H, Wang DA. Engineering strategies to achieve efficient in vitro expansion of haematopoietic stem cells: development and improvement. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1734-1753. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells are the basis for building and maintaining lifelong haematopoietic mechanisms and important resources for the treatment of blood disorders. Haematopoietic niches are microenvironment in the body where...
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36
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Spivak JL. Advances in polycythemia vera and lessons for acute leukemia. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2021; 34:101330. [PMID: 34865702 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2021.101330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis and primary myelofibrosis, are an unusual group of myeloid neoplasms, which arise in a pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) due to gain of function driver mutations in the JAK2, CALR and MPL genes that constitutively activate JAK2, the cognate tyrosine kinase of the type 1 hematopoietic growth factor (HGF) receptors. PV is the ultimate phenotypic expression of constitutive JAK2 activation since it alone of the three MPN is characterized by overproduction of normal red cells, white cells and platelets. Paradoxically, however, although PV is a panmyelopathy involving myeloid, erythroid and megakaryocytic progenitor cells, pluripotent HSC only express a single type of HGF receptor, the thrombopoietin receptor, MPL. In this review, the basis for how a pluripotent HSC with one type of HGF can give rise to three separate types of myeloid cells will be explained and it will be demonstrated that PV is actually a hormone-sensitive disorder, characterized by elevated thrombopoietin levels. Finally, it will be shown that the most common form of acute leukemia in PV is due to the inappropriate use of chemotherapy, including hydroxyurea, which facilitates expansion of DNA-damaged, mutated HSC at the expense of their normal counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry L Spivak
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Traylor 924, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 20037, USA.
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37
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Omatsu Y, Higaki K, Nagasawa T. Cellular Niches for Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lympho-Hematopoiesis in Bone Marrow During Homeostasis and Blood Cancers. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2021; 434:33-54. [PMID: 34850281 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86016-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Most types of blood cells, including immune cells are generated from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) within bone marrow in the adult. Most HSCs are in contact with and require the special microenvironment known as a niche for their maintenance. It has been thought that HSC niches comprise various types of support cells that provide critical signals, including cytokines and extracellular matrix for HSC regulation. However, among these cells, several lines of evidence have demonstrated that the population of bone marrow-specific mesenchymal stem cells, termed CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12)-abundant reticular (CAR) cells, which overlap strongly with leptin receptor-expressing (LepR+) cells, is the major cellular component of HSC niches. CAR/LepR+ cells give rise to most adipocytes and osteoblasts in adult bone marrow and express much higher levels of HSC niche factors, including cytokines CXCL12 and stem cell factor (SCF), which are essential for HSC maintenance, and transcription factors Foxc1 and Ebf3, which are essential for the formation and maintenance of HSC niches than other types of cells. CAR/LepR+ cells are present in human bone marrow, undergo fibrotic expansion, and have reduced expression of HSC niche factors in hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Omatsu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Higaki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
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38
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Kajiume T, Kawahara Y, Yuge L, Kobayashi M. Osteoblastic adherence regulates hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation: a conceptional in vitro and in vivo study. Stem Cell Investig 2021; 8:21. [PMID: 34815976 DOI: 10.21037/sci-2021-019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Intrinsic factors related to self-renewal regulatory factors in hematopoietic stem cells are well known; however, limited information is available on extrinsic factors, such as the cell environment. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the regulatory mechanism of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal, focusing on the osteoblastic niche, and examined how adherence to osteoblasts affects stem cell differentiation. Methods For this experimental study, we developed a co-culture system for hematopoietic stem cells and osteoblasts, such that cells adhered to osteoblasts can be separated from those that do not. Murine Sca1-positive cells were separated into groups according to whether they were attached to osteoblasts or detached from osteoblasts, and each group was then subjected to colony assays and bone marrow transplantation experiments. Results Adhered Sca1-positive cells developed more secondary colonies than non-adhered Sca1-positive cells. Furthermore, in bone marrow transplantation experiments, adhered Sca1-positive cells showed successful engraftment. We explored the role of Polycomb genes in the regulation of cell fate and found that self-renewing cells attached to osteoblasts had high Bmi-1 expression and low Mel-18 expression, while this expression was reversed in differentiating cells. Conclusions Our results suggest that hematopoietic stem cells self-renew when they remain in osteoblastic niches after cell division. Further, when stem cells leave the niches, they undergo differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruyuki Kajiume
- Mukainada Child Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yumi Kawahara
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Louis Yuge
- Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masao Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Japanese Red Cross Chugoku-Shikoku Block Blood Center, Hiroshima, Japan
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39
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Jiang H, Li Y, Sheng Q, Dou X. Relationship between Hepatitis B virus infection and platelet production and dysfunction. Platelets 2021; 33:212-218. [PMID: 34806523 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.2002836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a kind of hepatotropic DNA virus. The main target organ is liver, except for liver, HBV has been found in a variety of extrahepatic tissues, such as kidney, thyroid, pancreas, bone marrow, etc. HBV can cause severe complications by invading these tissues. Among them, pancytopenia is one of the common complications, especially thrombocytopenia that causes life-threatening bleeding. However, the mechanism of thrombocytopenia is unclear and the treatment is extremely difficult. It has been confirmed that HBV has a close relationship with platelets. HBV can directly infect bone marrow, inhibit platelet production, and accelerate platelet destruction by activating monocyte-macrophage system and immune system. While platelets act as a double-edged sword to HBV. On one hand, the activated platelets can degranulate and release inflammatory mediators to help clear the viruses. Furthermore, platelets can provide anti-fibrotic molecules to improve liver functions and reduce hepatic fibrosis. On the other hand, platelets can also cause negative effects. The infected platelets collect HBV-specific CD8+ T cells and nonspecific inflammatory cells into liver parenchyma, inducing chronic inflammation, liver fibrosis and hepatic carcinoma. This article explores the interaction between HBV infection and platelets, providing a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of thrombocytopenia and severe hemorrhage caused by HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huinan Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, China Medical University of Shengjing Hospital, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, China Medical University of Shengjing Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanwei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, China Medical University of Shengjing Hospital, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, China Medical University of Shengjing Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiuju Sheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, China Medical University of Shengjing Hospital, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, China Medical University of Shengjing Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, China Medical University of Shengjing Hospital, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, China Medical University of Shengjing Hospital, Shenyang, China
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40
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Xiang Y, Sugimura R. Single-Cell Approaches to Deconvolute the Development of HSCs. Cells 2021; 10:2876. [PMID: 34831099 PMCID: PMC8616492 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) play a core role in blood development. The ability to efficiently produce HSCs from various pluripotent stem cell sources is the Holy Grail in the hematology field. However, in vitro or in vivo HSC production remains low, which may be attributable to the lack of understanding of hematopoiesis. Here, we review the recent progress in this area and introduce advanced technologies, such as single-cell RNA-seq, spatial transcriptomics, and molecular barcoding, which may help to acquire missing information about HSC generation. We finally discuss unresolved questions, the answers to which may be conducive to HSC production, providing a promising path toward HSC-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryohichi Sugimura
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
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41
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Hao J, Zhou H, Nemes K, Yen D, Zhao W, Bramlett C, Wang B, Lu R, Shen K. Membrane-bound SCF and VCAM-1 synergistically regulate the morphology of hematopoietic stem cells. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212562. [PMID: 34402812 PMCID: PMC8374872 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-bound factors expressed by niche stromal cells constitute a unique class of localized cues and regulate the long-term functions of adult stem cells, yet little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here, we used a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) to recapitulate the membrane-bound interactions between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and niche stromal cells. HSCs cluster membrane-bound stem cell factor (mSCF) at the HSC-SLB interface. They further form a polarized morphology with aggregated mSCF under a large protrusion through a synergy with VCAM-1 on the bilayer, which drastically enhances HSC adhesion. These features are unique to mSCF and HSCs among the factors and hematopoietic populations we examined. The mSCF-VCAM-1 synergy and the polarized HSC morphology require PI3K signaling and cytoskeletal reorganization. The synergy also enhances nuclear retention of FOXO3a, a crucial factor for HSC maintenance, and minimizes its loss induced by soluble SCF. Our work thus reveals a unique role and signaling mechanism of membrane-bound factors in regulating stem cell morphology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kristen Nemes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Daniel Yen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Winfield Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Charles Bramlett
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Keyue Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,USC Stem Cell, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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42
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Lee Y, Ding L. A polarized anchor for hematopoietic stem cells: Synapse between stem cells and their niche? J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202108031. [PMID: 34516610 PMCID: PMC8441858 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202108031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent hematopoietic stem cells are maintained by the bone marrow niche, but how niche-derived membrane-bound stem cell factor (mSCF) regulates HSCs remains unclear. In this issue, Hao et al. (2021. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202010118) describe that mSCF, synergistically with VCAM-1, induces large, polarized protrusions that serve as anchors for HSCs to their niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lei Ding
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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43
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Lee Y, Leslie J, Yang Y, Ding L. Hepatic stellate and endothelial cells maintain hematopoietic stem cells in the developing liver. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211519. [PMID: 33151261 PMCID: PMC7649724 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver maintains hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during development. However, it is not clear what cells are the components of the developing liver niche in vivo. Here, we genetically dissected the developing liver niche by systematically determining the cellular source of a key HSC niche factor, stem cell factor (SCF). Most HSCs were closely associated with sinusoidal vasculature. Using Scfgfp knockin mice, we found that Scf was primarily expressed by endothelial and perisinusoidal hepatic stellate cells. Conditional deletion of Scf from hepatocytes, hematopoietic cells, Ng2+ cells, or endothelial cells did not affect HSC number or function. Deletion of Scf from hepatic stellate cells depleted HSCs. Nearly all HSCs were lost when Scf was deleted from both endothelial and hepatic stellate cells. The expression of several niche factors was down-regulated in stellate cells around birth, when HSCs egress the developing liver. Thus, hepatic stellate and endothelial cells create perisinusoidal vascular HSC niche in the developing liver by producing SCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeojin Lee
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Juliana Leslie
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Lei Ding
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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44
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Gao L, Decker M, Chen H, Ding L. Thrombopoietin from hepatocytes promotes hematopoietic stem cell regeneration after myeloablation. eLife 2021; 10:e69894. [PMID: 34463253 PMCID: PMC8457823 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow niche plays critical roles in hematopoietic recovery and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) regeneration after myeloablative stress. However, it is not clear whether systemic factors beyond the local niche are required for these essential processes in vivo. Thrombopoietin (THPO) is a key cytokine promoting hematopoietic rebound after myeloablation and its transcripts are expressed by multiple cellular sources. The upregulation of bone marrow-derived THPO has been proposed to be crucial for hematopoietic recovery and HSC regeneration after stress. Nonetheless, the cellular source of THPO in myeloablative stress has never been investigated genetically. We assessed the functional sources of THPO following two common myeloablative perturbations: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) administration and irradiation. Using a Thpo translational reporter, we found that the liver but not the bone marrow is the major source of THPO protein after myeloablation. Mice with conditional Thpo deletion from osteoblasts and/or bone marrow stromal cells showed normal recovery of HSCs and hematopoiesis after myeloablation. In contrast, mice with conditional Thpo deletion from hepatocytes showed significant defects in HSC regeneration and hematopoietic rebound after myeloablation. Thus, systemic THPO from the liver is necessary for HSC regeneration and hematopoietic recovery in myeloablative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Gao
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United StatesNew YorkUnited States
| | - Matthew Decker
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United StatesNew YorkUnited States
| | - Haidee Chen
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United StatesNew YorkUnited States
| | - Lei Ding
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United StatesNew YorkUnited States
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45
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Roy A, Shrivastva S, Naseer S. In and out: Traffic and dynamics of thrombopoietin receptor. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9073-9083. [PMID: 34448528 PMCID: PMC8500957 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombopoiesis had long been a challenging area of study due to the rarity of megakaryocyte precursors in the bone marrow and the incomplete understanding of its regulatory cytokines. A breakthrough was achieved in the early 1990s with the discovery of the thrombopoietin receptor (TpoR) and its ligand thrombopoietin (TPO). This accelerated research in thrombopoiesis, including the uncovering of the molecular basis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and the advent of drugs to treat thrombocytopenic purpura. TpoR mutations affecting its membrane dynamics or transport were increasingly associated with pathologies such as MPN and thrombocytosis. It also became apparent that TpoR affected hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quiescence while priming hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) towards the megakaryocyte lineage. Thorough knowledge of TpoR surface localization, dimerization, dynamics and stability is therefore crucial to understanding thrombopoiesis and related pathologies. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms of TpoR traffic. We will focus on the recent progress in TpoR membrane dynamics and highlight the areas that remain unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Roy
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Shrivastva
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Saadia Naseer
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
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Hitchcock IS, Hafer M, Sangkhae V, Tucker JA. The thrombopoietin receptor: revisiting the master regulator of platelet production. Platelets 2021; 32:770-778. [PMID: 34097561 PMCID: PMC8292222 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1925102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO) and its receptor, MPL, are the primary regulators of platelet production and critical for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance. Since TPO was first cloned in 1994, the physiological and pathological roles of TPO and MPL have been well characterized, culminating in the first MPL agonists being approved for the treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenia in 2008. Dysregulation of the TPO-MPL signaling axis contributes to the pathogenesis of hematological disorders: decreased expression or function results in severe thrombocytopenia progressing to bone marrow failure, while hyperactivation of MPL signaling, either by mutations in the receptor or associated Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), results in pathological myeloproliferation. Despite its importance, it was only recently that the long-running debate over the mechanism by which TPO binding activates MPL has been resolved. This review will cover key aspects of TPO and MPL structure and function and their importance in receptor activation, discuss how these are altered in hematological disorders and consider how a greater understanding could lead to the development of better-targeted and more efficacious therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S. Hitchcock
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Maximillian Hafer
- Department of Biology and Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Veena Sangkhae
- Center for Iron Disorders, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Julie A. Tucker
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
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47
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Fröbel J, Landspersky T, Percin G, Schreck C, Rahmig S, Ori A, Nowak D, Essers M, Waskow C, Oostendorp RAJ. The Hematopoietic Bone Marrow Niche Ecosystem. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:705410. [PMID: 34368155 PMCID: PMC8339972 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.705410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, also called the BM niche, is essential for the maintenance of fully functional blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) throughout life. Under physiologic conditions the niche protects hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from sustained or overstimulation. Acute or chronic stress deregulates hematopoiesis and some of these alterations occur indirectly via the niche. Effects on niche cells include skewing of its cellular composition, specific localization and molecular signals that differentially regulate the function of HSCs and their progeny. Importantly, while acute insults display only transient effects, repeated or chronic insults lead to sustained alterations of the niche, resulting in HSC deregulation. We here describe how changes in BM niche composition (ecosystem) and structure (remodeling) modulate activation of HSCs in situ. Current knowledge has revealed that upon chronic stimulation, BM remodeling is more extensive and otherwise quiescent HSCs may be lost due to diminished cellular maintenance processes, such as autophagy, ER stress response, and DNA repair. Features of aging in the BM ecology may be the consequence of intermittent stress responses, ultimately resulting in the degeneration of the supportive stem cell microenvironment. Both chronic stress and aging impair the functionality of HSCs and increase the overall susceptibility to development of diseases, including malignant transformation. To understand functional degeneration, an important prerequisite is to define distinguishing features of unperturbed niche homeostasis in different settings. A unique setting in this respect is xenotransplantation, in which human cells depend on niche factors produced by other species, some of which we will review. These insights should help to assess deviations from the steady state to actively protect and improve recovery of the niche ecosystem in situ to optimally sustain healthy hematopoiesis in experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Fröbel
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Theresa Landspersky
- School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gülce Percin
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Christina Schreck
- School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susann Rahmig
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Proteomics of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Nowak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marieke Essers
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Waskow
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Department of Medicine III, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert A J Oostendorp
- School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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48
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O'Neill A, Chin D, Tan D, Abdul Majeed ABB, Nakamura-Ishizu A, Suda T. Thrombopoietin maintains cell numbers of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with megakaryopoietic potential. Haematologica 2021; 106:1883-1891. [PMID: 32527954 PMCID: PMC8252958 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.241406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombopoietin has long been known to influence megakaryopoiesis and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, although the exact mechanisms through which it acts are unknown. Here we show that MPL expression correlates with megakaryopoietic potential of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and identify a population of quiescent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that show limited dependence on thrombopoietin signaling. We show that thrombopoietin is primarily responsible for maintenance of hematopoietic cells with megakaryocytic differentiation potential and their subsequent megakaryocyte differentiation and maturation. The loss of megakaryocytes in thrombopoietin knockout mouse models results in a reduction of megakaryocyte-derived chemokine platelet factor 4 (CXCL4/PF4) in the bone marrow and administration of recombinant CXCL4/PF4 rescues the loss of quiescence observed in these mice. CXCL4/PF4 treatment does not rescue reduced hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell numbers, suggesting that thrombopoietin maintains hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell numbers directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aled O'Neill
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Desmond Chin
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Darren Tan
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ayako Nakamura-Ishizu
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore and Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Toshio Suda
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore and Kumamoto University, Japan
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Ghosh J, El Koussa R, Mohamad SF, Liu J, Kacena MA, Srour EF. Cellular components of the hematopoietic niche and their regulation of hematopoietic stem cell function. Curr Opin Hematol 2021; 28:243-250. [PMID: 33966008 PMCID: PMC8169581 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Development and functions of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are regulated by multiple cellular components of the hematopoietic niche. Here we review the recent advances in studying the role of three such components -- osteoblasts, osteomacs, and megakaryocytes and how they interact with each other in the hematopoietic niche to regulate HSC. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances in transgenic mice models, scRNA-seq, transcriptome profile, proteomics, and live animal imaging have revealed the location of HSC within the bone and signaling molecules required for the maintenance of the niche. Interaction between megakaryocytes, osteoblasts and osteomacs enhances hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) function. Studies also revealed the niche as a dynamic entity that undergoes cellular and molecular changes in response to stress. Aging, which results in reduced HSC function, is associated with a decrease in endosteal niches and osteomacs as well as reduced HSC--megakaryocyte interactions. SUMMARY Novel approaches to study the cellular components of the niche and their interactions to regulate HSC development and functions provided key insights about molecules involved in the maintenance of the hematopoietic system. Furthermore, these studies began to build a more comprehensive model of cellular interactions and dynamics in the hematopoietic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeep Ghosh
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Roy El Koussa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Safa F. Mohamad
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melissa A. Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Edward F. Srour
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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50
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Niches that regulate stem cells and hematopoiesis in adult bone marrow. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1848-1860. [PMID: 34146467 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) engage in hematopoiesis throughout adult life within the bone marrow, where they produce the mature cells necessary to maintain blood cell counts and immune function. In the bone marrow and spleen, HSCs are sustained in perivascular niches (microenvironments) associated with sinusoidal blood vessels-specialized veins found only in hematopoietic tissues. Endothelial cells and perivascular leptin receptor+ stromal cells produce the known factors required to maintain HSCs and many restricted progenitors in the bone marrow. Various other cells synthesize factors that maintain other restricted progenitors or modulate HSC or niche function. Recent studies identified new markers that resolve some of the heterogeneity among stromal cells and refine the localization of restricted progenitor niches. Other recent studies identified ways in which niches regulate HSC function and hematopoiesis beyond growth factors. We summarize the current understanding of hematopoietic niches, review recent progress, and identify important unresolved questions.
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