1
|
Bloom BP, Chen Z, Lu H, Waldeck DH. A chemical perspective on the chiral induced spin selectivity effect. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae212. [PMID: 39144747 PMCID: PMC11321253 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This review discusses opportunities in chemistry that are enabled by the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. First, the review begins with a brief overview of the seminal studies on CISS. Next, we discuss different chiral material systems whose properties can be tailored through chemical means, with a special emphasis on hybrid organic-inorganic layered materials that exhibit some of the largest spin filtering properties to date. Then, we discuss the promise of CISS for chemical reactions and enantioseparation before concluding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Bloom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15260, USA
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Haipeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - David H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chae K, Mohamad NARC, Kim J, Won DI, Lin Z, Kim J, Kim DH. The promise of chiral electrocatalysis for efficient and sustainable energy conversion and storage: a comprehensive review of the CISS effect and future directions. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 39158537 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00316g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The integration of chirality, specifically through the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, into electrocatalytic processes represents a pioneering approach for enhancing the efficiency of energy conversion and storage systems. This review delves into the burgeoning field of chiral electrocatalysis, elucidating the fundamental principles, historical development, theoretical underpinnings, and practical applications of the CISS effect across a spectrum of electrocatalytic reactions, including the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). We explore the methodological advancements in inducing the CISS effect through structural and surface engineering and discuss various techniques for its measurement, from magnetic conductive atomic force microscopy (mc-AFM) to hydrogen peroxide titration. Furthermore, this review highlights the transformative potential of the CISS effect in addressing the key challenges of the NRR and CO2RR processes and in mitigating singlet oxygen formation in metal-air batteries, thereby improving their performance and durability. Through this comprehensive overview, we aim to underscore the significant role of incorporating chirality and spin polarization in advancing electrocatalytic technologies for sustainable energy applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Chae
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Nur Aqlili Riana Che Mohamad
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Jeonghyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Dong-Il Won
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Jeongwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Dong Ha Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ernst KH. Helicenes on Surfaces: Stereospecific On-Surface Chemistry, Single Enantiomorphism, and Electron Spin Selectivity. Chirality 2024; 36:e23706. [PMID: 39077832 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Helicenes represent an important class of chiral organic material with promising optoelectronic properties. Hence, functionalization of surfaces with helicenes is a key step towards new organic material devices. This review presents different aspects of adsorption and modification of metal surfaces with different helicene species. Topics addressed are chiral crystallization, that is, 2D conglomerate versus racemate crystallization, breaking of mirror-symmetry in racemates, chirality-induced spin selectivity, and stereoselective on-surface chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Heinz Ernst
- Molecular Surface Science, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Nanosurf Lab, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Day PN, Pachter R, Nguyen KA, Hong G. Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity: Analysis of Density Functional Theory Calculations. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:5475-5486. [PMID: 38888590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), which was demonstrated in several molecular and material systems, has drawn much interest recently. The phenomenon, described in electron transport by the difference in the transport rate of electrons of opposite spins through a chiral system, is however not fully understood. Herein, we employed density functional theory in conjunction with spin-orbit coupling to evaluate the percent spin-polarization in a device setup with finite electrodes at zero bias, using an electron transport program developed in-house. To study the interface effects and the level of theory considered, we investigated a helical oligopeptide chain, an intrinsically chiral gold cluster, and a helicene model system that was previously studied (Zöllner et al. J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2020, 16, 7357-7371). We find that the magnitude of the spin-polarization depends on the chiral system-electrode interface that is modeled by varying the interface boundary between the system's regions, on the method of calculating spin-orbit coupling, and on the exchange-correlation functional, e.g., the amount of exact exchange in the hybrid functionals. In addition, to assess the effects of bias, we employ the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism in the Quantum Atomistix Toolkit program, showing that the spin-flip terms could be important in calculating the CISS effect. Although understanding CISS in comparison to experiment is still not resolved, our study provides intrinsic responses from first-principles calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Day
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Ruth Pachter
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Kiet A Nguyen
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Gongyi Hong
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jia Y, Wu W, Chen R, Wang H, Zhang C, Chen L, Yao J. Magneto-electrochemical method for chiral recognition of amino acid enantiomers. Analyst 2024; 149:3732-3738. [PMID: 38842499 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00547c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Chiral recognition of enantiomers with identical mirror-symmetric molecular structures is important for the analysis of biomolecules, and it conventionally relies on stereoselective interactions in chiral chemical environments. Here, we develop a magneto-electrochemical method for the enhanced detection of chiral amino acids (AAs), that combines the advantages of the high sensitivity of electrochemiluminescent (ECL) biosensors and chirality-induced effects under a magnetic field. The ECL difference between L- and D-enantiomers can be amplified over 35-fold under a field of 3.5 kG, and the chiral discrimination can be achieved in dilute AA solutions down to the nM level. The field-dependent ECL and chronocoulometry measurements suggest that chiral AAs can lock the spins on their radicals and thus enlarge the ECL change under applied magnetic fields (magneto-ECL, MECL), which explains the field-enhanced chiral discrimination of AA enantiomers. Finally, a detailed protocol is demonstrated for the identification of unknown AA solutions, in which the species, chirality and concentration of AAs can be determined simultaneously from the 2D plots of the ECL and MECL results. This work benefits the development of field-assisted detection methods and represents a promising and universal strategy for the comprehensive analysis of chiral biomolecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueqian Jia
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wubin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Lili Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- Institute of Molecular Engineering Plus, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma S, Lee H, Moon J. Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity Enables New Breakthrough in Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Reactions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405685. [PMID: 38963061 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
To facilitate the transition from a carbon-energy-dependent society to a sustainable society, conventional engineering strategies, which encounter limitations associated with intrinsic material properties, should undergo the paradigm shift. From a theoretical viewpoint, the spin-dependent feature of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) reveals the potential of a spin-polarization strategy in enhancing the performance of electrochemical (EC) reactions. The chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) phenomenon attracts unprecedented attention owing to its potential utility in achieving novel breakthroughs. This paper starts with the experimental results aimed at enhancing the efficiency of the spin-dependent OER focusing on the EC system based on the CISS phenomenon. The applicability of spin-polarization to EC system is verified through various analytical methodologies to clarify the theoretical groundwork and mechanisms underlying the spin-dependent reaction pathway. The discussion is then extended to effective spin-control strategies in photoelectrochemical system based on the CISS effect. Exploring the influence of spin-state control on the kinetic and thermodynamic aspects, this perspective also discusses the effect of spin polarization induced by the CISS phenomenon on spin-dependent OER. Lastly, future directions for enhancing the performance of spin-dependent redox systems are discussed, including expansion to various chemical reactions and the development of materials with spin-control capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunihl Ma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hyungsoo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Singh Bisht P, Garg R, Nakka N, Mondal AK. Spin Filtering and Amplification in Self-Assembled Nanofibers Based on Chiral Asymmetric Building Blocks. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6605-6610. [PMID: 38885451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The cooperativity in artificial self-assembling systems can be enhanced to expand their applications and redesign their properties. Recently, chiral molecules have garnered renewed attention due to their potential as highly efficient spin filters through the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. However, the potential of asymmetric building blocks based on chiral perylene diimides (PDIs) self-assembled materials to generate a spin-polarized current is still not widely acknowledged. In this work, we have demonstrated that nanofibers derived from "asymmetric PDIs" molecules have been found to exhibit promising spin-filtering property and the amplification of spin polarization at room temperature. Also, the exploration of chiral amplification and correlating it with the amplification of spin polarization have been reported for the first time through this work. These findings underscore the significance of self-assembled materials in the realm of spintronics, as they offer fascinating platforms with evolving structure-property relationship. It also provides the feasible possibility of enhancing the CISS-based spintronic devices that can accomplish controllability and high spin-filtering efficiency simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Singh Bisht
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rabia Garg
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Nagaraju Nakka
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Amit Kumar Mondal
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Ma Y, Sun W, Li W, Li G. Structural and Electronic Chirality in Inorganic Crystals: from Construction to Application. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400436. [PMID: 38571318 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Chirality represents a fundamental characteristic inherent in nature, playing a pivotal role in the emergence of homochirality and the origin of life. While the principles of chirality in organic chemistry are well-documented, the exploration of chirality within inorganic crystal structures continues to evolve. This ongoing development is primarily due to the diverse nature of crystal/amorphous structures in inorganic materials, along with the intricate symmetrical and asymmetrical relationships in the geometry of their constituent atoms. In this review, we commence with a summary of the foundational concept of chirality in molecules and solid states matters. This is followed by an introduction of structural chirality and electronic chirality in three-dimensional and two-dimensional inorganic materials. The construction of chirality in inorganic materials is classified into physical photolithography, wet-chemistry method, self-assembly, and chiral imprinting. Highlighting the significance of this field, we also summarize the research progress of chiral inorganic materials for applications in optical activity, enantiomeric recognition and chiral sensing, selective adsorption and enantioselective separation, asymmetric synthesis and catalysis, and chirality-induced spin polarization. This review aims to provide a reference for ongoing research in chiral inorganic materials and potentially stimulate innovative strategies and novel applications in the realm of chirality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuzhe Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- CISRI & NIMTE Joint Innovation Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Guowei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun R, Park KS, Comstock AH, McConnell A, Chen YC, Zhang P, Beratan D, You W, Hoffmann A, Yu ZG, Diao Y, Sun D. Inverse chirality-induced spin selectivity effect in chiral assemblies of π-conjugated polymers. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:782-789. [PMID: 38491147 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Coupling of spin and charge currents to structural chirality in non-magnetic materials, known as chirality-induced spin selectivity, is promising for application in spintronic devices at room temperature. Although the chirality-induced spin selectivity effect has been identified in various chiral materials, its Onsager reciprocal process, the inverse chirality-induced spin selectivity effect, remains unexplored. Here we report the observation of the inverse chirality-induced spin selectivity effect in chiral assemblies of π-conjugated polymers. Using spin-pumping techniques, the inverse chirality-induced spin selectivity effect enables quantification of the magnitude of the longitudinal spin-to-charge conversion driven by chirality-induced spin selectivity in different chiral polymers. By widely tuning conductivities and supramolecular chiral structures via a printing method, we found a very long spin relaxation time of up to several nanoseconds parallel to the chiral axis. Our demonstration of the inverse chirality-induced spin selectivity effect suggests possibilities for elucidating the puzzling interplay between spin and chirality, and opens a route for spintronic applications using printable chiral assemblies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kyung Sun Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Andrew H Comstock
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Aeron McConnell
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yen-Chi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David Beratan
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wei You
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Axel Hoffmann
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zhi-Gang Yu
- Sivananthan Laboratories, Bolingbrook, Illinois, USA
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wilhelmer R, Diez M, Krondorfer JK, Hauser AW. Molecular Pseudorotation in Phthalocyanines as a Tool for Magnetic Field Control at the Nanoscale. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14620-14632. [PMID: 38743819 PMCID: PMC11140746 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Metal phthalocyanines, a highly versatile class of aromatic, planar, macrocyclic molecules with a chelated central metal ion, are topical objects of ongoing research and particularly interesting due to their magnetic properties. However, while the current focus lies almost exclusively on spin-Zeeman-related effects, the high symmetry of the molecule and its circular shape suggests the exploitation of light-induced excitation of 2-fold degenerate vibrational states in order to generate, switch, and manipulate magnetic fields at the nanoscale. The underlying mechanism is a molecular pseudorotation that can be triggered by infrared pulses and gives rise to a quantized, small, but controllable magnetic dipole moment. We investigate the optical stimulation of vibrationally induced molecular magnetism and estimate changes in the magnetic shielding constants for confirmation by future experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Wilhelmer
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Matthias Diez
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes K Krondorfer
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas W Hauser
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen S, Wu R, Fu HH. Persistent Chirality-Induced Spin-Selectivity Effect in Circular Helix Molecules. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6210-6217. [PMID: 38709107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The spin-orbit coupling (SOC), the dynamics of the nonequilibrium transport process, and the breaking of time-reversal and space-inversion symmetries have been regarded as key factors for the emergence of chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) and chirality-dependent spin currents in helix molecules. In this work, we demonstrated the generation of persistent CISS currents in various circular single-stranded DNAs and 310-helix proteins for the first time, regardless of whether an external magnetic flux is applied or not. This new CISS effect presents only in equilibrium transport processes, distinct from the traditional CISS observed in nonequilibrium transport processes and linear helix molecules; we term it as the PCISS effect. Notably, PCISS manifests irrespective of whether the SOC is chirality-driven or stems from heavy-metal substrates, making it an efficient way to generate chirality-locked pure spin currents. Our research establishes a novel paradigm for examining the underlying physics of the CISS effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Chen
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqian Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - Hua-Hua Fu
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Preeyanka N, Zhu Q, Das TK, Naaman R. The Importance of Spin-Polarized Charge Reorganization in the Catalytic Activity of D-Glucose Oxidase. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400033. [PMID: 38411033 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The reaction of D-glucose oxidase (GOx) with D- and L-glucose was investigated using confocal fluorescence microscopy and Hall voltage measurements, after the enzyme was adsorbed as a monolayer. By adsorbing the enzyme on a ferromagnetic substrate, we verified that the reaction is spin dependent. This conclusion was supported by monitoring the reaction when the enzyme is adsorbed on a Hall device that does not contain any magnetic elements. The spin dependence is consistent with the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect; it can be explained by the improved fidelity of the electron transfer process through the chiral enzyme due to the coupling of the linear momentum of the electrons and their spin. Since the reaction studied often serve as a model system for enzymatic activity, the results may suggest the general importance of the spin-dependent electron transfer in bio-chemical processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naupada Preeyanka
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Tapan Kumar Das
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Patel A, Arik M, Sarkar A. An Undergraduate Laboratory Module Integrating Organic Chemistry and Polymer Science. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION 2024; 101:1686-1695. [PMID: 38617818 PMCID: PMC11008100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Polymer science is receiving wider acceptance in the organic chemistry community; thus, it is imperative to include it in the undergraduate organic chemistry curriculum. Despite the ever-increasing popularity of the topic of polymer chemistry in undergraduate curricula, a comprehensive laboratory experiment module describing a polypeptide synthesis by ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride (NCA ROP) and a homopolymer synthesis by activators-regenerated by electron-transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) has yet to be proposed. Herein, we report a semester-long, ten week undergraduate laboratory module focusing on the synthesis and analytical characterization of polyalanine and polystyrene for an advanced organic chemistry class. Students received hands-on-experiences in synthesizing polymers followed by their characterization via proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which are not well-presented in the typical organic chemistry curricula. These engaging hands-on lessons in the newly designed laboratory module not only increase students' interests in an interdisciplinary environment of organic chemistry and polymer science but also cultivate their research interests and communication skills and promote critical thinking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arya Patel
- Department of Chemistry &
Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, United States
| | - Michael Arik
- Department of Chemistry &
Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, United States
| | - Amrita Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry &
Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Safari MR, Matthes F, Caciuc V, Atodiresei N, Schneider CM, Ernst KH, Bürgler DE. Enantioselective Adsorption on Magnetic Surfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308666. [PMID: 38153192 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
From the beginning of molecular theory, the interplay of chirality and magnetism has intrigued scientists. There is still the question if enantiospecific adsorption of chiral molecules occurs on magnetic surfaces. Enantiomer discrimination was conjectured to arise from chirality-induced spin separation within the molecules and exchange interaction with the substrate's magnetization. Here, it is shown that single helical aromatic hydrocarbons undergo enantioselective adsorption on ferromagnetic cobalt surfaces. Spin and chirality sensitive scanning tunneling microscopy reveals that molecules of opposite handedness prefer adsorption onto cobalt islands with opposite out-of-plane magnetization. As mobility ceases in the final chemisorbed state, it is concluded that enantioselection must occur in a physisorbed transient precursor state. State-of-the-art spin-resolved ab initio simulations support this scenario by refuting enantio-dependent chemisorption energies. These findings demonstrate that van der Waals interaction should also include spin-fluctuations which are crucial for molecular magnetochiral processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Safari
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Frank Matthes
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Vasile Caciuc
- Peter Grünberg Institute and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Quantum Theory of Materials (PGI-1/IAS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Nicolae Atodiresei
- Peter Grünberg Institute and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Quantum Theory of Materials (PGI-1/IAS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Claus M Schneider
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Ernst
- Molecular Surface Science Group, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Nanosurf Laboratory, Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 16200, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel E Bürgler
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kumar A, Majumder S. Silver induced chirality controlled spin filtration observed in ss-DNA functionalized with MoS2. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:124702. [PMID: 38516978 DOI: 10.1063/5.0192066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral molecules can exhibit strong spin-orbit coupling, which can result in a large spin polarization. This is due to the fact that the energy levels of the electrons in a chiral molecule are strongly influenced by the chiral structure of the molecule, which can result in the separation of the energy levels for electrons with different spin orientations. We report a controlled spin-selective transmission of electrons through 20 base-paired poly-cytosine molecules functionalized with MoS2 flakes on ITO glass via the quantum mechanical tunneling effect. A reversion in spin polarization was observed after the silver ions interact with poly-cytosine due to the strong coordination of Ag(I) with cytosine-cytosine (C-C) mismatches, indicating the formation of duplex structural motifs, as confirmed by the circular dichroism spectroscopy at room temperature. Manipulating the spin of an electron through such a small molecule merely controlled by special cations could pave the way for major advances in spin-independent charge transport, advanced bioanalytical system design, and related applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinandan Kumar
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Patna 800005, India
| | - Subrata Majumder
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Patna 800005, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Grecchi S, Malacarne F, Cirilli R, Dell'Edera M, Ghirardi S, Benincori T, Arnaboldi S. Wireless Hollow Miniaturized Objects for Electroassisted Chiral Resolution. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4901-4908. [PMID: 38493347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Chiral resolution plays a crucial role in the field of drug development, especially for a better understanding of biochemical processes. In such a context, classic separation methods have been used for decades due to their versatility and easy scale-up. Among the many attempts proposed for enantioselective separation, electroassisted methods are presented as an interesting alternative. Herein, we present the use of wirelessly activated hollow tubular systems for the effective, simple, and tunable separation of racemic and enantioenriched mixtures. These double-layered tubular objects consist of an external polypyrrole chassis, a polymer with good electromechanical properties, functionalized in its inner part with an inherently chiral oligomer. The synergy between the electromechanical pumping process of the outer layer and the enantioselective affinity of the inner part induces the system to behave as a miniaturized chiral column. These hybrid objects are able to separate racemic and enantioenriched solutions of chiral model analytes into the corresponding enantiomers in high enantiomeric purity. Finally, these electromechanical systems can resolve mixtures formed by chiral probes with completely uncorrelated molecular structures injected simultaneously into the single antipodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Grecchi
- Dip. di Chimica, Univ. degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Filippo Malacarne
- Dip. di Chimica, Univ. degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro Nazionale per il Controllo e la Valutazione dei Farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Dell'Edera
- Dip. di Chimica, Univ. degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Ghirardi
- Dip. di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Univ. degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dip. di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Univ. degli Studi dell'Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Serena Arnaboldi
- Dip. di Chimica, Univ. degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Song Q, Yang J, Zheng K, Zhang T, Yuan C, Yuan LM, Hou X. Chiral Memory in Dynamic Transformation from Porous Organic Cages to Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enantiorecognition Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7594-7604. [PMID: 38462726 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The preservation of chirality during a transformation process, known as the "chiral memory" effect, has garnered significant attention across multiple research disciplines. Here, we first report the retention of the original chiral structure during dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC)-induced structural transformation from porous organic cages into covalent organic frameworks (COFs). A total of six two-dimensional chiral COFs constructed by entirely achiral building blocks were obtained through the DCC-induced substitution of chiral linkers in a homochiral cage (CC3-R or -S) using achiral amine monomers. Homochirality of these COFs resulted from the construction of 3-fold-symmetric benzene-1,3,5-methanimine cores with a propeller-like configuration of one single-handedness throughout the cage-to-COF transformation. The obtained chiral COFs can be further utilized as fluorescence sensors or chiral stationary phases for gas chromatography with high enantioselectivity. The present study thus highlighted the great potential to expand the scope of functional chiral materials via DCC-induced crystal-to-crystal transformation with the chiral memory effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinyi Song
- College of Chemistry, and Key Lab of Green Chem and Tech of MOE, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Ji Yang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Kangni Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, PR China
| | - Tong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, and Key Lab of Green Chem and Tech of MOE, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Chen Yuan
- College of Chemistry, and Key Lab of Green Chem and Tech of MOE, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, PR China
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- College of Chemistry, and Key Lab of Green Chem and Tech of MOE, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Han X, Jiang C, Hou B, Liu Y, Cui Y. Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Chirality for Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6733-6743. [PMID: 38418379 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Chiral covalent organic frameworks (CCOFs) have attracted extensive interest for their potential applications in various enantioselective processes. However, the exploitation of chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) that enables a new technology for the injection of spin polarized current without the need for a permanent magnetic layer within CCOFs remains a largely untapped area of research. Here, we demonstrate that, for the first time, COFs can be an attractive platform to develop spin filter materials with efficient CISS. This facilitates the design and synthesis of a new family of Zn(salen)-based 2D CCOFs, namely, CCOFs-9-12, by imine condensation of chiral 1,2-diaminocyclohexane and tri- or tetra(salicylaldehyde) derivatives. CCOF-9, distinguished by its unique C2 symmetric "armchair" tetrasubstituted pyrene conformation, exhibits the most pronounced chirality among these materials and serves as a solid-state host, enabling the enantioselective adsorption of racemic drugs with an enantiomeric excess (ee) of up to 97%. After substituting diamagnetic zinc(II) ions for paramagnetic cobalt(II), the resulting CCOF-9-Co not only retains its high crystallinity, porosity, and exceptional chirality but also exhibits enhanced conductivity, a crucial factor for the effective observation of CISS. Magnetic conductive atomic force microscopy showed that CCOF-9-Co exhibited a remarkable CISS effect with up to an 88-94% spin polarization ratio. This phenomenon is further confirmed by the increased intensity in the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) when CCOF-9-Co is under an external magnetic field. This work therefore shows the tremendous potential of CCOFs for controlling spin selectivity and will stimulate the creation of new types of crystalline polymers with strong CISS effects for spin filters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bang Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bloom BP, Paltiel Y, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1950-1991. [PMID: 38364021 PMCID: PMC10906005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Since the initial landmark study on the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in 1999, considerable experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to understand the physical underpinnings and mechanistic features of this interesting phenomenon. As first formulated, the CISS effect refers to the innate ability of chiral materials to act as spin filters for electron transport; however, more recent experiments demonstrate that displacement currents arising from charge polarization of chiral molecules lead to spin polarization without the need for net charge flow. With its identification of a fundamental connection between chiral symmetry and electron spin in molecules and materials, CISS promises profound and ubiquitous implications for existing technologies and new approaches to answering age old questions, such as the homochiral nature of life. This review begins with a discussion of the different methods for measuring CISS and then provides a comprehensive overview of molecules and materials known to exhibit CISS-based phenomena before proceeding to identify structure-property relations and to delineate the leading theoretical models for the CISS effect. Next, it identifies some implications of CISS in physics, chemistry, and biology. The discussion ends with a critical assessment of the CISS field and some comments on its future outlook.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Bloom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
He P, Hu MY, Li JH, Qiao TZ, Lu YL, Zhu SF. Spin effect on redox acceleration and regioselectivity in Fe-catalyzed alkyne hydrosilylation. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad324. [PMID: 38314400 PMCID: PMC10837105 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron catalysts are ideal transition metal catalysts because of the Earths abundant, cheap, biocompatible features of iron salts. Iron catalysts often have unique open-shell structures that easily undergo spin crossover in chemical transformations, a feature rarely found in noble metal catalysts. Unfortunately, little is known currently about how the open-shell structure and spin crossover affect the reactivity and selectivity of iron catalysts, which makes the development of iron catalysts a low efficient trial-and-error program. In this paper, a combination of experiments and theoretical calculations revealed that the iron-catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkynes is typical spin-crossover catalysis. Deep insight into the electronic structures of a set of well-defined open-shell active formal Fe(0) catalysts revealed that the spin-delocalization between the iron center and the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand effectively regulates the iron center's spin and oxidation state to meet the opposite electrostatic requirements of oxidative addition and reductive elimination, respectively, and the spin crossover is essential for this electron transfer process. The triplet transition state was essential for achieving high regioselectivity through tuning the nonbonding interactions. These findings provide an important reference for understanding the effect of catalyst spin state on reaction. It is inspiring for the development of iron catalysts and other Earth-abundant metal catalysts, especially from the point of view of ligand development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Meng-Yang Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin-Hong Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tian-Zhang Qiao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi-Lin Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shou-Fei Zhu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
González-Férez R, Omiste JJ. Full control of the orientation of non-symmetric molecules using weak and moderate electric fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4533-4540. [PMID: 38241023 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05592b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the full control over the orientation of a planar non-symmetric molecule by using moderate and weak electric fields. Quantum optimal control techniques allow us to orient any axis of 6-chloropyridazine-3-carbonitrile, which is taken as prototype example here, along the electric field direction. We perform a detailed analysis by exploring the impact on the molecular orientation of the time scale and strength of the control field. The underlying physical phenomena allowing for the control of the orientation are interpreted in terms of the frequencies contributing to the field-dressed dynamics and to the driving field by a spectral analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosario González-Férez
- Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional and Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan J Omiste
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Scarpetta-Pizo L, Venegas R, Barrías P, Muñoz-Becerra K, Vilches-Labbé N, Mura F, Méndez-Torres AM, Ramírez-Tagle R, Toro-Labbé A, Hevia S, Zagal JH, Oñate R, Aspée A, Ponce I. Electron Spin-Dependent Electrocatalysis for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in a Chiro-Self-Assembled Iron Phthalocyanine Device. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315146. [PMID: 37953459 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The chiral-induced spin selectivity effect (CISS) is a breakthrough phenomenon that has revolutionized the field of electrocatalysis. We report the first study on the electron spin-dependent electrocatalysis for the oxygen reduction reaction, ORR, using iron phthalocyanine, FePc, a well-known molecular catalyst for this reaction. The FePc complex belongs to the non-precious catalysts group, whose active site, FeN4, emulates catalytic centers of biocatalysts such as Cytochrome c. This study presents an experimental platform involving FePc self-assembled to a gold electrode surface using chiral peptides (L and D enantiomers), i.e., chiro-self-assembled FePc systems (CSAFePc). The chiral peptides behave as spin filters axial ligands of the FePc. One of the main findings is that the peptides' handedness and length in CSAFePc can optimize the kinetics and thermodynamic factors governing ORR. Moreover, the D-enantiomer promotes the highest electrocatalytic activity of FePc for ORR, shifting the onset potential up to 1.01 V vs. RHE in an alkaline medium, a potential close to the reversible potential of the O2 /H2 O couple. Therefore, this work has exciting implications for developing highly efficient and bioinspired catalysts, considering that, in biological organisms, biocatalysts that promote O2 reduction to water comprise L-enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Scarpetta-Pizo
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Venegas
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Barrías
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karina Muñoz-Becerra
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, General Gana 1702, Santiago, 8370854, Chile
| | - Nayareth Vilches-Labbé
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Mura
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana María Méndez-Torres
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Tagle
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura Universidad Central de Chile, Av. Sta. Isabel 1186, Santiago, 8330563, Chile
| | - Alejandro Toro-Labbé
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Región Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Samuel Hevia
- Instituto de Física, Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados (CIEN-UC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, 6904411, Chile
| | - José H Zagal
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rubén Oñate
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis Aspée
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ingrid Ponce
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Departamento Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Joseph JP, Malone T, Abraham SR, Dutta A, Gupta S, Kuzmin A, Baev A, Swihart MT, Hendrickson JR, Prasad PN. Plasticizer-Induced Enhancement of Mesoscale Dissymmetry in Thin Films of Chiral Polymers with Variable Chain Length. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305684. [PMID: 37725635 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers with chiral side chains are of interest in areas including chiral photonics, optoelectronics, and chemical and biological sensing. However, the low dissymmetry factors of most neat polymer thin films have limited their practical application. Here, a robust method to increase the absorption dissymmetry factor in a poly-fluorene-thiophene (PF8TS series) system is demonstrated by varying molecular weight and introducing an achiral plasticizer, polyethylene mono alcohol (PEM-OH). Extending chain length within the optimal range and adding this long-chain alcohol significantly enhance the chiroptical properties of spin-coated and annealed thin films. Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry (MMSE) analysis shows good agreement with the steady-state transmission measurements confirming a strong chiral response (circular dichroism (CD) and circular birefringence (CB)), ruling out linear dichroism, birefringence, and specific reflection effects. Solid-state NMR studies of annealed hybrid chiral polymer systems show enhancement of signals associated with aromatic π-stacked backbone and the ordered side-chain conformations. Further studies using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and polarized optical microscopy (POM) indicate that PEM-OH facilitates mesoscopic crystal domain ordering upon annealing. This provides new insights into routes for tuning optical activity in conjugated polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jojo P Joseph
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Trent Malone
- Department of Electro-Optics and Photonics, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Shema R Abraham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Avisek Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Sonal Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Andrey Kuzmin
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Alexander Baev
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Mark T Swihart
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Joshua R Hendrickson
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Paras N Prasad
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kurtina DA, Zaytsev VB, Vasiliev RB. Chirality in Atomically Thin CdSe Nanoplatelets Capped with Thiol-Free Amino Acid Ligands: Circular Dichroism vs. Carboxylate Group Coordination. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:237. [PMID: 38204090 PMCID: PMC10779562 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Chiral semiconductor nanostructures and nanoparticles are promising materials for applications in biological sensing, enantioselective separation, photonics, and spin-polarized devices. Here, we studied the induction of chirality in atomically thin only two-monolayer-thick CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) grown using a colloidal method and exchanged with L-alanine and L-phenylalanine as model thiol-free chiral ligands. We have developed a novel two-step approach to completely exchange the native oleic acid ligands for chiral amino acids at the basal planes of NPLs. We performed an analysis of the optical and chiroptical properties of the chiral CdSe nanoplatelets with amino acids, which was supplemented by an analysis of the composition and coordination of ligands. After the exchange, the nanoplatelets retained heavy-hole, light-hole, and spin-orbit split-off exciton absorbance and bright heavy-hole exciton luminescence. Capping with thiol-free enantiomer amino acid ligands induced the pronounced chirality of excitons in the nanoplatelets, as proven by circular dichroism spectroscopy, with a high dissymmetry g-factor of up to 3.4 × 10-3 achieved for heavy-hole excitons in the case of L-phenylalanine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria A. Kurtina
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vladimir B. Zaytsev
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Roman B. Vasiliev
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kato T, Utsumi Y, Entin-Wohlman O, Aharony A. Electronic and spin states at edges of finite p-orbital helical atomic chain. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:244101. [PMID: 38131480 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In connection to the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, we theoretically analyze the electronic and spin states of edges of a finite p-orbital helical atomic chain with the intra-atomic spin-orbit interaction. This model can host the spin-filtering state in which two up-spins propagate in one direction and two down-spins propagate in the opposite direction without breaking the time-reversal symmetry (TRS). The enhancement of charge modulations concentrated at the edges due to the evanescent states is induced, although the spin density is absent because of the TRS. A Zeeman field at an edge of the atomic chain, which breaks the TRS, yields a finite spin polarization, whose direction depends on the chirality of the molecule. The chirality change induces a reasonable amount of the energy difference, which may provide an insight into the enantioselective adsorption of chiral molecules on the ferromagnetic surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takemitsu Kato
- Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Utsumi
- Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Ora Entin-Wohlman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Amnon Aharony
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Duan Y, Che S. Chiral Mesostructured Inorganic Materials with Optical Chiral Response. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2205088. [PMID: 36245314 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fabricating chiral inorganic materials and revealing their unique quantum confinement-determined optical chiral responses are crucial tasks in the multidisciplinary fields of chemistry, physics, and biology. The field of chiral mesostructured inorganic materials started from the synthesis of individual nanocrystals and evolved to include their assembly from metals, semiconductors, ceramics, and inorganic salts endowed with various chiral structures ranging from atomic to micron scales. This tutorial review highlights the recent research on chiral mesostructured inorganic materials, especially the novel expression of mesostructured chirality and endowed optical chiral response, and it may inspire us with new strategies for the design of chiral inorganic materials and new opportunities beyond the traditional applications of chirality. Fabrication methods for chiral mesostructured inorganic materials are classified according to chirality type, scale, and symmetry-breaking mechanism. Special attention is given to highlight systems with original discoveries, exceptional phenomena, or unique mechanisms of optical chiral response for left- and right-handedness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Duan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Shunai Che
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Matrix Composite, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li C, Zhao J, Gao X, Hao C, Hu S, Qu A, Sun M, Kuang H, Xu C, Xu L. Chiral Iron Oxide Supraparticles Enable Enantiomer-Dependent Tumor-Targeted Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2308198. [PMID: 37721365 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The chemical, physical and biological effects of chiral nanomaterials have inspired general interest and demonstrated important advantages in fundamental science. Here, chiral iron oxide supraparticles (Fe3 O4 SPs) modified by chiral penicillamine (Pen) molecules with g-factor of ≈2 × 10-3 at 415 nm are fabricated, and these SPs act as high-quality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Therein, the transverse relaxation efficiency and T2 -MRI results demonstrated chiral Fe3 O4 SPs have a r2 relaxivity of 157.39 ± 2.34 mM-1 ·S-1 for D-Fe3 O4 SPs and 136.21 ± 1.26 mM-1 ·S-1 for L-Fe3 O4 SPs due to enhanced electronic transition dipole moment for D-Fe3 O4 SPs compared with L-Fe3 O4 SPs. The in vivo MRI results show that D-Fe3 O4 SPs exhibit two-fold lower contrast ratio than L-Fe3 O4 SPs, which enhances targeted enrichment in tumor tissue, such as prostate cancer, melanoma and brain glioma tumors. Notably, it is found that D-Fe3 O4 SPs have 7.7-fold higher affinity for the tumor cell surface receptor cluster-of-differentiation 47 (CD47) than L-Fe3 O4 SPs. These findings uncover that chiral Fe3 O4 SPs act as a highly effective MRI contrast agent for targeting and imaging broad tumors, thus accelerating the practical application of chiral nanomaterials and deepening the understanding of chirality in biological and non-biological environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Gao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, P. R. China
| | - Changlong Hao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Shudong Hu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Qu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Maozhong Sun
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hua Kuang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Liguang Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Maity A, Rapoport S, Haick H. Gate-Controlled Chiral Recognition and Spin Assessment with All-Electric Hybrid Quantum Wire-Based Transistors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205038. [PMID: 36494176 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The search for inexpensive and all-electric tunable methods for portable and fast recognition and discrimination between various chiral enantiomers, mainly those found in the gas phase, has been one of the most challenging tasks in the field of analytical chemistry. The current article reports on a chiral sensitive electric architecture (CSEA) of a helical polyaniline (PANI)@carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid quantum-wire based field effect transistor (FET) platform. The CSEA architecture exhibits gate-controlled-channel-chirality modulation for the selective distinction of Limonene (S(+)/R(-)) at ≈12 V intervals. Typical gate-modulated selectivity of S(+)-Limonene and R(-)-Limonene using two opposite helically turned hybrids, namely as, S-PANI@CNT and R-PANI@CNT are 6.5 and 2.8, respectively. Theoretical analysis and modelling relates the gas-phase chiral quantum probe with spin-channel modulation in CNT by Rashba spin-orbit interaction. This is achieved by applied gate voltage, CNT's unique curved surface, adsorbed chiral adatom induced scattering center on the curved graphitic lattice and helicoid field from a synthetically prepared helical PANI@CNT hybrid interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Maity
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Shelley Rapoport
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Stefani A, Bogdan A, Pop F, Tassinari F, Pasquali L, Fontanesi C, Avarvari N. Spin-dependent electrochemistry and electrochemical enantioselective recognition with chiral methylated bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalenes. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:204706. [PMID: 38014785 DOI: 10.1063/5.0171831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Enantio-discrimination and spin-dependent electrochemistry (SDE), as a manifestation of the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, are important phenomena that can be probed by "chiral" electrochemistry. Here, we prepared chiralized surfaces of gold and nickel, to serve as working electrodes, through effective chemisorption of enantiopure dimethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (DM-BEDT-TTF) 1, tetramethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (TM-BEDT-TTF) 2, and their capped silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) aggregate by simple incubation of the metallic substrates. The effective chemisorption was checked by means of ultrahigh vacuum x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by electro-desorption experiments, i.e., cyclic voltammetry (CV) scans showing a first electro-desorption peak at about -1.0 V. The Au|1 and Au|2 chiral electrodes were successfully used in CV experiments exploiting chiral redox probes. Finally, the hybrid interfaces Ni|enantiopure 1 or 2|AgNPs served as working electrodes in SDE experiments. In particular, the hybrid chiral interfaces Ni|(R)-2|AgNPs and Ni|(S)-2|AgNPs exhibited a significant spin-filtering ability, as a manifestation of the CISS effect, with average spin polarization values of 15%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stefani
- Department of Physics, (FIM), University of Modena, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alexandra Bogdan
- University of Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, SOOMCC, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania and SOOMCC, Romania
| | - Flavia Pop
- University of Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Earth Science, (DSCG), University of Modena, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquali
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari," (DIEF), University of Modena, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14, Km. 163.5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari," (DIEF), University of Modena, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Narcis Avarvari
- University of Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rodríguez R, Naranjo C, Kumar A, Dhbaibi K, Matozzo P, Camerel F, Vanthuyne N, Gómez R, Naaman R, Sánchez L, Crassous J. Weakly Self-Assembled [6]Helicenes: Circularly Polarized Light and Spin Filtering Properties. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302254. [PMID: 37635073 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembling features, chiroptical activity, and spin filtering properties are reported for 2,15- and 4,13-disubstituted [6]helicenes decorated in their periphery with 3,4,5-tris(dodecyloxy)-N-(4-ethynylphenyl)benzamide moieties. The weak non-covalent interaction between these units conditions the corresponding circularly polarized luminescence and spin polarization. The self-assembly is overall weak for these [6]helicene derivatives that, despite the formation of H-bonding interactions between the amide groups present in the peripheral moieties, shows very similar chiroptical properties both in the monomeric or aggregated states. This effect could be explained by considering the steric effect that these groups could generate in the growing of the corresponding aggregate formed. Importantly, the self-assembling features also condition chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS effect), with experimental spin polarization (SP) values found between 35-40 % for both systems, as measured by magnetic-conducting atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Rodríguez
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Cristina Naranjo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Kais Dhbaibi
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Paola Matozzo
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Franck Camerel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, Marseille, 13397, France
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rikken GLJA, Avarvari N. Comparing Electrical Magnetochiral Anisotropy and Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9727-9731. [PMID: 37879090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The combination of chirality and magnetism has steadily grown over the past decennia into an area of intense research that evolves around two distinct manifestations and in two nonoverlapping communities: electrical magnetochiral anisotropy (eMChA) and chirality-induced spin-selectivity (CISS). Here, we discuss the similarities and differences of these two effects. Whereas the original CISS reports suggest an intimate relation with eMChA, magnetoresistance (MR) results on two-terminal chiral devices attributed to CISS have symmetry properties that are different from those of eMChA. At the same time, the magnitudes of CISS MR and eMChA turn out to be similar when normalized to current density and spin polarization, suggesting a common underlying mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G L J A Rikken
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses UPR3228 CNRS/EMFL/INSA/UGA/UPS, 31400/38042 Toulouse/Grenoble, France
| | - N Avarvari
- Université Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Stovbun SV, Zanin AM, Skoblin AA, Mikhaleva MG, Kuznetsov DA, Zlenko DV. Triggering gel-sol transition by weak magnetic field. Chirality 2023; 35:884-888. [PMID: 37452609 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of small and always chiral molecules into fiber-like structures is a mysterious process, as the physics underlying such self-assembly is unclear. The energy necessary for this process exceeds the one provided by common dispersion interactions and hydrogen bonding. The recent results obtained by the scientific group of Prof. Naaman from the Weizmann Institute of Science fed light on the nature of forces providing for the self-assembly of chiral molecules and attributed these forces to spin-exchange interactions. Therefore, the self-assembly of chiral molecules should be magneto-sensitive. We found such sensitivity in solutions of trifluoroacetylated α -amino alcohols, and the process was inhibited by the magnetic field when fibers grew on the surface of the substrate. On the contrary, in bulk, the self-assembly was enhanced by the magnetic field and led to the formation of a dense gel, while no gelation was observed in the absence of the external magnetic field. The latter observations are the theme of this short report, aimed to declare the effect itself but not pretend to describe it in full.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Stovbun
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly M Zanin
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey A Skoblin
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mariya G Mikhaleva
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Kuznetsov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russia
- N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Zlenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russia
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kitzmann WR, Freudenthal J, Reponen APM, VanOrman ZA, Feldmann S. Fundamentals, Advances, and Artifacts in Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL) Spectroscopy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302279. [PMID: 37658497 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Objects are chiral when they cannot be superimposed with their mirror image. Materials can emit chiral light with an excess of right- or left-handed circular polarization. This circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is key to promising future applications, such as highly efficient displays, holography, sensing, enantiospecific discrimination, synthesis of drugs, quantum computing, and cryptography. Here, a practical guide to CPL spectroscopy is provided. First, the fundamentals of the technique are laid out and a detailed account of recent experimental advances to achieve highly sensitive and accurate measurements is given, including all corrections required to obtain reliable results. Then the most common artifacts and pitfalls are discussed, especially for the study of thin films, for example, based on molecules, polymers, or halide perovskites, as opposed to dilute solutions of emitters. To facilitate the adoption by others, custom operating software is made publicly available, equipping the reader with the tools needed for successful and accurate CPL determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winald R Kitzmann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55122, Mainz, Germany
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - John Freudenthal
- Hinds Instruments Inc., 7245 NE Evergreen Parkway, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA
| | - Antti-Pekka M Reponen
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Zachary A VanOrman
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sascha Feldmann
- Rowland Institute, Harvard University, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bhushan R. Enantioselective and Chemoselective Optical Detection of Chiral Organic Compounds without Resorting to Chromatography. Chem Asian J 2023:e202300825. [PMID: 37906446 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Enantiorecognition and resolution are of essential importance in many diverse areas of science. Whenever there arises a need to analyze/investigate enantiomers in different situations chromatography stands up in our minds immediately. Nevertheless, chemoselective and enantioselective recognition/discrimination (without going for separation) constitutes a different perception and requirement. The techniques using chiroptical sensing cause detection based on molecular interactions induced in different manners. Enantioselective sensing of monosaccharides in γ-cyclodextrin assembly and by diboronic acid based fluorescent sensors, application of bi-naphthol and H8 BINOL based sensors and dendrimers, metal-to-ligand charge transfer transitions in CD, exciton-coupled circular dichroism, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and enantioselective indicator displacement sensor arrays for enantioselective recognition/detection of chiral organic compounds, such as amines, amino acids/alcohols, and hydroxycarboxylic acids have been discussed in progressive manner with mechanistic explanations, wherever available. Besides, the chiroptical vs LC approach has been discussed. The present paper is focused on certain different non-chromatographic optical techniques and aims to extend an understanding and a view to consider such techniques which have been successful in selective detection, and determination of absolute configuration and enantiomeric excess, (without resorting to separation vis-à-vis LC) and that have potential use in high-throughput chiral assay and combinatorial search for asymmetric catalysts and reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ozturk SF, Bhowmick DK, Kapon Y, Sang Y, Kumar A, Paltiel Y, Naaman R, Sasselov DD. Chirality-induced avalanche magnetization of magnetite by an RNA precursor. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6351. [PMID: 37816811 PMCID: PMC10564924 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Homochirality is a hallmark of life on Earth. To achieve and maintain homochirality within a prebiotic network, the presence of an environmental factor acting as a chiral agent and providing a persistent chiral bias to prebiotic chemistry is highly advantageous. Magnetized surfaces are prebiotically plausible chiral agents due to the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, and they were utilized to attain homochiral ribose-aminooxazoline (RAO), an RNA precursor. However, natural magnetic minerals are typically weakly magnetized, necessitating mechanisms to enhance their magnetization for their use as effective chiral agents. Here, we report the magnetization of magnetic surfaces by crystallizing enantiopure RAO, whereby chiral molecules induce a uniform surface magnetization due to the CISS effect, which spreads across the magnetic surface akin to an avalanche. Chirality-induced avalanche magnetization enables a feedback between chiral molecules and magnetic surfaces, which can amplify a weak magnetization and allow for highly efficient spin-selective processes on magnetic minerals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Furkan Ozturk
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Deb Kumar Bhowmick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Yael Kapon
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Yutao Sang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang Y, Wang G, Liu F, Shang Z, Li T, Yang Q, Zhai T, Wang X. Chirality detection of biological molecule through spin selectivity effect. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:114703. [PMID: 37721328 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to accurately monitor chiral biological molecules is of great significance for their potential applications in disease diagnosis and virus detection. As the existing chiral detection technologies are mainly relying on an optical method by using left/right circularly polarized light, the universality is low and the operation is complicated. Moreover, large quantity of chiral molecules is required, causing low detection efficiency. Here, a self-assembled monolayer of polypeptides has been fabricated to realize trace detection of chirality based on spin selectivity of photon-electron interaction. We have utilized Kerr technique to detect the rotation angle by the molecular monolayer, which indicates the chirality of polypeptides. The chiral structure of a biological molecule could result in spin-selectivity of electrons and thus influence the interaction between electron spin and light polarization. A Kerr rotation angle of ∼3° has been obviously observed, equivalent to the magneto-optic Kerr effect without magnetic material or magnetic field. Furthermore, we have provided a novel solution to achieve chirality discrimination and amplification simultaneously through an optical fiber. The proposed design is applicable for chiral detection via increasing their differential output signal, which clearly demonstrates a useful strategy toward chirality characterization of biological molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zixuan Shang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Tianhao Li
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Tianrui Zhai
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Spilsbury MJ, Feito A, Delgado A, Capitán MJ, Álvarez J, de Miguel JJ. Enantiosensitive growth dynamics of chiral molecules on ferromagnetic substrates and the origin of the CISS effect. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:114706. [PMID: 37728205 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent demonstration of the existence of an intimate relationship between the chiral structure of some materials and the spin polarization of electrons transmitted through them, what has been called the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, is sparking interest in many related phenomena. One of the most notorious is the possibility of using magnetic materials to apply enantioselective interactions on chiral molecules and chemical reactions involving them. In this work, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to characterize the adsorption and growth kinetics of enantiopure organic molecules on magnetic (Co) and non-magnetic (Cu) substrates. While on these latter, no significant enantiosensitive effects are found, on spin-polarized, in-plane magnetized Co surfaces, the two enantiomers have been found to deposit differently. The observed effects have been interpreted as the result of one of the enantiomers being adsorbed in a transient, weakly bound physisorbed-like state with higher mobility due to limited, spin-selective charge transfer between it and the substrate. The study of these phenomena can provide insight into the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the CISS effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Spilsbury
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
- Dpto. Física. Univ. Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Escuela de Biología, San Pedro Sula, Honduras
| | - A Feito
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Delgado
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M J Capitán
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia IEM-CSIC, c/ Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Física de Sistemas Crecidos con Baja Dimensionalidad, UAM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el IEM, DP, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Álvarez
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
- Física de Sistemas Crecidos con Baja Dimensionalidad, UAM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el IEM, DP, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales "Nicolás Cabrera," Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Física de la Materia Condensada IFIMAC, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J J de Miguel
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
- Física de Sistemas Crecidos con Baja Dimensionalidad, UAM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el IEM, DP, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales "Nicolás Cabrera," Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Física de la Materia Condensada IFIMAC, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Alhyder R, Cappellaro A, Lemeshko M, Volosniev AG. Achiral dipoles on a ferromagnet can affect its magnetization direction. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:104103. [PMID: 37694742 DOI: 10.1063/5.0165806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate the possibility of a coupling between the magnetization direction of a ferromagnet and the tilting angle of adsorbed achiral molecules. To illustrate the mechanism of the coupling, we analyze a minimal Stoner model that includes Rashba spin-orbit coupling due to the electric field on the surface of the ferromagnet. The proposed mechanism allows us to study magnetic anisotropy of the system with an extended Stoner-Wohlfarth model and argue that adsorbed achiral molecules can change magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the substrate. Our research aims to motivate further experimental studies of the current-free chirality induced spin selectivity effect involving both enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ragheed Alhyder
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Alberto Cappellaro
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Mikhail Lemeshko
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Artem G Volosniev
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang C, Hu W, Guo X. Precise Detection, Control and Synthesis of Chiral Compounds at Single-Molecule Resolution. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:211. [PMID: 37698706 PMCID: PMC10497494 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Chirality, as the symmetric breaking of molecules, plays an essential role in physical, chemical and especially biological processes, which highlights the accurate distinction among heterochiralities as well as the precise preparation for homochirality. To this end, the well-designed structure-specific recognizer and catalysis reactor are necessitated, respectively. However, each kind of target molecules requires a custom-made chiral partner and the dynamic disorder of spatial-orientation distribution of molecules at the ensemble level leads to an inefficient protocol. In this perspective article, we developed a universal strategy capable of realizing the chirality detection and control by the external symmetry breaking based on the alignment of the molecular frame to external stimuli. Specifically, in combination with the discussion about the relationship among the chirality (molecule), spin (electron) and polarization (photon), i.e., the three natural symmetry breaking, single-molecule junctions were proposed to achieve a single-molecule/event-resolved detection and synthesis. The fixation of the molecular orientation and the CMOS-compatibility provide an efficient interface to achieve the external input of symmetry breaking. This perspective is believed to offer more efficient applications in accurate chirality detection and precise asymmetric synthesis via the close collaboration of chemists, physicists, materials scientists, and engineers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilin Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fu W, Tan L, Wang PP. Chiral Inorganic Nanomaterials for Photo(electro)catalytic Conversion. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16326-16347. [PMID: 37540624 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Chiral inorganic nanomaterials due to their unique asymmetric nanostructures have gradually demonstrated intriguing chirality-dependent performance in photo(electro)catalytic conversion, such as water splitting. However, understanding the correlation between chiral inorganic characteristics and the photo(electro)catalytic process remains challenging. In this perspective, we first highlight the chirality source of inorganic nanomaterials and briefly introduce photo(electro)catalysis systems. Then, we delve into an in-depth discussion of chiral effects exerted by chiral nanostructures and their photo-electrochemistry properties, while emphasizing the emerging chiral inorganic nanomaterials for photo(electro)catalytic conversion. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of chiral inorganic nanomaterials for photo(electro)catalytic conversion are prospected. This perspective provides a comprehensive overview of chiral inorganic nanomaterials and their potential in photo(electro)catalytic conversion, which is beneficial for further research in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yuan C, Wang Z, Xiong W, Huang Z, Lai Y, Fu S, Dong J, Duan A, Hou X, Yuan LM, Cui Y. Cyclodextrin Incorporation into Covalent Organic Frameworks Enables Extensive Liquid and Gas Chromatographic Enantioseparations. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18956-18967. [PMID: 37596711 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The separation of enantiomers using high-performance chromatography technologies represents great importance and interest. In this aspect, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives have been extensively studied as chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Nevertheless, β-CD that was immobilized on a traditional matrix often exhibited low stabilities and limited operating ranges. Recently, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with highly ordered nanopores are emerging as promising CSPs for enantioseparations, but their practical applications are still hampered by the difficulty of monomer and COF synthesis. Herein, two β-CD-driven COFs are synthesized via a fast and facile plasma-induced polymerization combined postsynthesis modification strategy. The precisely defined COF channels enhanced the accessibility of the accommodated β-CD to the analytes and acted as robust protective barriers to safeguard the β-CD from harsh environments. Therefore, the β-CD-modified COFs can be potentially general CSPs for extensive enantioseparation in both gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, and a wide range of racemates were separated. Compared to the commonly employed commercial chiral columns, these COF-based columns exhibited comparable resolution capability and superior application versatility. This work integrates the advantages and overcomes the defects of COFs and β-CD, thus advancing COFs as platforms for chiral selector modification and giving great promise for practical chromatographic enantioseparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yuan
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wanqi Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yalin Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shiguo Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinqiao Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Aihong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kirk SR, Jenkins S. Tools for overcoming reliance on energy-based measures in chemistry: a tutorial review. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5861-5874. [PMID: 37564018 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00350g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The vast majority of literature in the chemical sciences describes fundamental chemical and physical phenomena using scalar measures, such as the energy, even though many phenomena are beyond the scope of scalar-based considerations. This problem exists no matter how accurately the associated energies are calculated. The solution that is explained in this work is to remove the reliance on scalar quantum chemical measures and instead utilize the vector-based and full symmetry-breaking nature of next generation quantum theory of atoms in molecules (NG-QTAIM). The connection with experiment on neutral chiral molecules is explained. A selection of non-energy-based explanations are provided: the functioning of molecular devices, why the cis-effect is the exception rather than the rule, stereochemical phenomena including chiral discrimination, quantifying chiral character of formally achiral molecules, mixed S and R stereoisomer character and the effect of an applied electric field. Current and future developments along with suggestions for future avenues of investigation are discussed. This tutorial review provides the practical details required to implement NG-QTAIM for a range of phenomena that are not accessible with energy-based measures. Step-by-step worked examples are included with data sets and instructions for use of commercial and open-source software along with examples of how to interpret the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Kirk
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
| | - Samantha Jenkins
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Adhikari Y, Liu T, Wang H, Hua Z, Liu H, Lochner E, Schlottmann P, Yan B, Zhao J, Xiong P. Interplay of structural chirality, electron spin and topological orbital in chiral molecular spin valves. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5163. [PMID: 37620378 PMCID: PMC10449876 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chirality has been a property of central importance in physics, chemistry and biology for more than a century. Recently, electrons were found to become spin polarized after transmitting through chiral molecules, crystals, and their hybrids. This phenomenon, called chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), presents broad application potentials and far-reaching fundamental implications involving intricate interplays among structural chirality, topological states, and electronic spin and orbitals. However, the microscopic picture of how chiral geometry influences electronic spin remains elusive, given the negligible spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in organic molecules. In this work, we address this issue via a direct comparison of magnetoconductance (MC) measurements on magnetic semiconductor-based chiral molecular spin valves with normal metal electrodes of contrasting SOC strengths. The experiment reveals that a heavy-metal electrode provides SOC to convert the orbital polarization induced by the chiral molecular structure to spin polarization. Our results illustrate the essential role of SOC in the metal electrode for the CISS spin valve effect. A tunneling model with a magnetochiral modulation of the potential barrier is shown to quantitatively account for the unusual transport behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwaraj Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Tianhan Liu
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Hailong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqi Hua
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Haoyang Liu
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Eric Lochner
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Pedro Schlottmann
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Binghai Yan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083, Beijing, China.
| | - Peng Xiong
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ozturk SF, Sasselov DD, Sutherland JD. The central dogma of biological homochirality: How does chiral information propagate in a prebiotic network? J Chem Phys 2023; 159:061102. [PMID: 37551802 PMCID: PMC7615580 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological systems are homochiral, raising the question of how a racemic mixture of prebiotically synthesized biomolecules could attain a homochiral state at the network level. Based on our recent results, we aim to address a related question of how chiral information might have flowed in a prebiotic network. Utilizing the crystallization properties of the central ribonucleic acid (RNA) precursor known as ribose-aminooxazoline (RAO), we showed that its homochiral crystals can be obtained from its fully racemic solution on a magnetic mineral surface due to the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect [Ozturk et al., arXiv:2303.01394 (2023)]. Moreover, we uncovered a mechanism facilitated by the CISS effect through which chiral molecules, such as RAO, can uniformly magnetize such surfaces in a variety of planetary environments in a persistent manner [Ozturk et al., arXiv:2304.09095 (2023)]. All this is very tantalizing because recent experiments with tRNA analogs demonstrate high stereoselectivity in the attachment of L-amino acids to D-ribonucleotides, enabling the transfer of homochirality from RNA to peptides [Wu et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143, 11836 (2021)]. Therefore, the biological homochirality problem may be reduced to ensuring that a single common RNA precursor (e.g., RAO) can be made homochiral. The emergence of homochirality at RAO then allows for the chiral information to propagate through RNA, then to peptides, and ultimately through enantioselective catalysis to metabolites. This directionality of the chiral information flow parallels that of the central dogma of molecular biology-the unidirectional transfer of genetic information from nucleic acids to proteins [F. H. Crick, in Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, Number XII: The Biological Replication of Macromolecules, edited by F. K. Sanders (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1958), pp. 138-163; and F. Crick, Nature 227, 561 (1970)].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Furkan Ozturk
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Dimitar D. Sasselov
- Department of Astronomy, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kapon Y, Kammerbauer F, Yochelis S, Kläui M, Paltiel Y. Magneto-optical imaging of magnetic-domain pinning induced by chiral molecules. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:064701. [PMID: 37578062 DOI: 10.1063/5.0159351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral molecules have the potential for creating new magnetic devices by locally manipulating the magnetic properties of metallic surfaces. When chiral polypeptides chemisorb onto ferromagnets, they can induce magnetization locally by spin exchange interactions. However, direct imaging of surface magnetization changes induced by chiral molecules was not previously realized. Here, we use magneto-optical Kerr microscopy to image domains in thin films and show that chiral polypeptides strongly pin domains, increasing the coercive field locally. In our study, we also observe a rotation of the easy magnetic axis toward the out-of-plane, depending on the sample's domain size and the adsorption area. These findings show the potential of chiral molecules to control and manipulate magnetization and open new avenues for future research on the relationship between chirality and magnetization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Kapon
- Institute of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Fabian Kammerbauer
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Institute of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Mathias Kläui
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Institute of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lu Y, Joy M, Bloom BP, Waldeck DH. Beyond Stereoisomeric Effects: Exploring the Importance of Intermolecular Electron Spin Interactions in Biorecognition. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7032-7037. [PMID: 37524051 PMCID: PMC10424231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
This work shows that electron spin polarization and stereoisomeric effects make comparable contributions to the enantioselective binding of amino acids. Magneto-electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance methods are used to study the adsorption of chiral amino acids onto a monolayer film of chiral molecules that are spin polarized by an underlying ferromagnetic substrate. The direction of the electron spin polarization affects both the kinetics and thermodynamics of the enantiospecific adsorption of the amino acids. Comparison of these data with the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of the amino acid adsorbates shows that the CD spectrum of the interacting group provides a good figure-of-merit for predicting the contributions of electron spin to the intermolecular interaction. These findings demonstrate the importance of electron spin in enantioselective intermolecular interactions between chiral amino acids and represent a paradigm shift for how selectivity should be viewed in biorecognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Lu
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Meera Joy
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Liu R, Feng Z, Yan X, Lv Y, Wei J, Hao J, Yang Z. Small Molecules Mediated the Chirality Transfer in Self-Assembled Nanocomposites with Strong Circularly Polarized Luminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17274-17283. [PMID: 37493589 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of the chirality at all scales has a cross-disciplinary importance and may address key challenges at the heart of physical sciences. One critical question in this field is how the chirality of one entity can be transferred to the asymmetry of another entity. Here, we find that small molecules play a crucial role in the chirality transfer from chiral organic molecules to CdSe/CdS nanorods, where the handedness of the nanorod assemblies either agrees or disagrees with that of the molecular assemblies, leading to the positive or inverse chirality transfer. The assembling mode of nanorods on the molecular assemblies, where the nanorods are either lying or standing, is closely associated with the handedness of the nanorod assemblies, resulting in opposite chirality. Furthermore, we have found that circularly polarized emission from chiral assemblies of nanorods is dependent on molecular additives. The promoted luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) of the nanocomposites with a high value of ∼0.3 could be attained under optimal conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongjuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yujia Lv
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Aizawa H, Sato T, Maki-Yonekura S, Yonekura K, Takaba K, Hamaguchi T, Minato T, Yamamoto HM. Enantioselectivity of discretized helical supramolecule consisting of achiral cobalt phthalocyanines via chiral-induced spin selectivity effect. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4530. [PMID: 37507380 PMCID: PMC10382588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Enantioselectivity of helical aggregation is conventionally directed either by its homochiral ingredients or by introduction of chiral catalysis. The fundamental question, then, is whether helical aggregation that consists only of achiral components can obtain enantioselectivity in the absence of chiral catalysis. Here, by exploiting enantiospecific interaction due to chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) that has been known to work to enantio-separate a racemic mixture of chiral molecules, we demonstrate the enantioselectivity in the assembly of mesoscale helical supramolecules consisting of achiral cobalt phthalocyanines. The helical nature in our supramolecules is revealed to be mesoscopically incorporated by dislocation-induced discretized twists, unlike the case of chiral molecules whose chirality are determined microscopically by chemical bond. The relevance of CISS effect in the discretized helical supramolecules is further confirmed by the appearance of spin-polarized current through the system. These observations mean that the application of CISS-based enantioselectivity is no longer limited to systems with microscopic chirality but is expanded to the one with mesoscopic chirality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Aizawa
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Takuro Sato
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
- the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Saori Maki-Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Koji Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Advanced Electron Microscope Development Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Takaba
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Tasuku Hamaguchi
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Minato
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi M Yamamoto
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
- the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lu Y, Qiu T, Bloom BP, Subotnik JE, Waldeck DH. Spin-Based Chiral Separations and the Importance of Molecule-Solvent Interactions. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:14155-14162. [PMID: 37529661 PMCID: PMC10389781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
This work uses magneto-electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance methods to study the enantiospecific adsorption of chiral molecules onto a ferromagnetic substrate. The effects of solution conditions, pH, and solvent isotope composition indicate that the kinetics of the enantiomeric adsorption depend strongly on the charge state and geometry of the adsorbate, whereas no thermodynamic contributions to enantiospecificity are found. Density functional theory calculations reveal that an interplay between the adsorbate and solvent molecules is important for defining the observed enantiospecific preference with an applied magnetic field; however, it remains unclear if intermolecular vibrational couplings contribute to the phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Lu
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Tian Qiu
- Departments
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Joseph E. Subotnik
- Departments
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ozturk SF, Liu Z, Sutherland JD, Sasselov DD. Origin of biological homochirality by crystallization of an RNA precursor on a magnetic surface. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg8274. [PMID: 37285423 PMCID: PMC10246896 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Homochirality is a signature of life on Earth, yet its origins remain an unsolved puzzle. Achieving homochirality is essential for a high-yielding prebiotic network capable of producing functional polymers like RNA and peptides on a persistent basis. Because of the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, which established a strong coupling between electron spin and molecular chirality, magnetic surfaces can act as chiral agents and be templates for the enantioselective crystallization of chiral molecules. Here, we studied the spin-selective crystallization of racemic ribo-aminooxazoline (RAO), an RNA precursor, on magnetite (Fe3O4) surfaces, achieving an unprecedented enantiomeric excess (ee) of about 60%. Following the initial enrichment, we then obtained homochiral (100% ee) crystals of RAO after a subsequent crystallization. Our results demonstrate a prebiotically plausible way of achieving system-level homochirality from completely racemic starting materials, in a shallow-lake environment on early Earth where sedimentary magnetite deposits are expected to be common.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Furkan Ozturk
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ziwei Liu
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - John D. Sutherland
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|