1
|
Wen L, Man X, Luan J, Zhang S, Zhao C, Bao Y, Liu C, Feng X. Early-life exposure to five biodegradable plastics impairs eye development and visually-mediated behavior through disturbing hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in zebrafish larvae. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 284:109981. [PMID: 39033795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics have been commonly developed and applied as an alternative to traditional plastics, which cause environmental plastic pollution. However, biodegradable plastics still present limitations such as stringent degradation conditions and slow degradation rate, and may cause harm to the environment and organisms. Consequently, in this study, zebrafish was used to evaluate the effects of five biodegradable microplastics (MPs), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) exposure on the early development, retina morphology, visually-mediated behavior, and thyroid signaling at concentrations of 1 mg/L and 100 mg/L. The results indicated that all MPs induced decreased survival rate, reduced body length, smaller eyes, and smaller heads, affecting the early development of zebrafish larvae. Moreover, the thickness of retinal layers, including inner plexiform layer (IPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), and retinal ganglion layer (RGL) was decreased, and the expression of key genes related to eye and retinal development was abnormally altered after all MPs exposure. Exposure to PBS and PBAT led to abnormal visually-mediated behavior, indicating likely affected the visual function. All MPs could also cause thyroid system disorders, among which alterations in the thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) genes could affect the retinal development of zebrafish larvae. In summary, biodegradable MPs exhibited eye developmental toxicity and likely impaired the visual function in zebrafish larvae. This provided new evidence for revealing the effects of biodegradable plastics on aquatic organism development and environmental risks to aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wen
- China Shenhua Coal to Liquid and Chemical CO., LTD. of China Energy, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Xiaoting Man
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jialu Luan
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chengtian Zhao
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yehua Bao
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Congzhi Liu
- China Shenhua Coal to Liquid and Chemical CO., LTD. of China Energy, Beijing 100011, China.
| | - Xizeng Feng
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Li X, Yang H, Wu Y, Pu Q, He W, Li X. A review of tire wear particles: Occurrence, adverse effects, and control strategies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116782. [PMID: 39059345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs), common mixed particulate emerging contaminants in the environment, have global per capita emissions accounting for 0.23-1.9 kg/year, attracting global attention recently due to their wide detection, small size, mobility, and high toxicity. This review focuses on the occurrence characteristics of TWPs in multiple environmental media, adverse effects on organisms, potential toxicity mechanisms, and environmental risk prevention and control strategies of TWPs. The environmental fate of TWPs throughout the entire process is systematically investigated by the bibliometric analysis function of CiteSpace. This review supplements the gap in the joint toxicity and related toxicity mechanisms of TWPs with other environmental pollutants. Based on the risks review of TWPs and their additives, adverse impacts have been found in organisms from aquatic environments, soil, and humans, such as the growth inhibition effect on Chironomus dilutes. A multi-faceted and rationalized prevention and control treatment of "source-process-end" for the whole process can be achieved by regulating the use of studded tires, improving the tire additive formula, growing plants roadside, encouraging micro-degradation, and other methods, which are first reviewed. By addressing the current knowledge gaps and exploring prospects, this study contributes to developing strategies for reducing risks and assessing the fate of TWPs in multiple environmental media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Life Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China.
| | - Xinao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Yang Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Qikun Pu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Wei He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Xixi Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's A1B 3X5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang L, Wang H, Liu J, Wang Y, Shao H, Li W, Yi M, Ling H, Xie L, Huang W. Negative Photoconductivity Transistors for Visuomorphic Computing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403538. [PMID: 39040000 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Visuomorphic computing aims to simulate and potentially surpass the human retina by mimicking biological visual perception with an artificial retina. Despite significant progress, challenges persist in perceiving complex interactive environments. Negative photoconductivity transistors (NPTs) mimic synaptic behavior by achieving adjustable positive photoconductivity (PPC) and negative photoconductivity (NPC), simulating "excitation" and "inhibition" akin to sensory cell signals. In complex interactive environments, NPTs are desired for visuomorphic computing that can achieve a better sense of information, lower power consumption, and reduce hardware complexity. In this review, it is started by introducing the development process of NPTs, while placing a strong emphasis on the device structures, working mechanisms, and key performance parameters. The common material systems employed in NPTs based on their functions are then summarized. Moreover, it is proceeded to summarize the noteworthy applications of NPTs in optoelectronic devices, including advanced multibit nonvolatile memory, optoelectronic logic gates, optical encryption, and visual perception. Finally, the challenges and prospects that lie ahead in the ongoing development of NPTs are addressed, offering valuable insights into their applications in optoelectronics and a comprehensive understanding of their significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yiru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - He Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mingdong Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Haifeng Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Linghai Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KloFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Boulakh L. Intraocular and extraocular manifestations of thyroid dysfunction in Danish patients: A Nationwide Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102 Suppl 283:3-25. [PMID: 39238437 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Boulakh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee S, Chung WG, Jeong H, Cui G, Kim E, Lim JA, Seo H, Kwon YW, Byeon SH, Lee J, Park JU. Electrophysiological Analysis of Retinal Organoid Development Using 3D Microelectrodes of Liquid Metals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404428. [PMID: 38896876 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Despite of the substantial potential of human-derived retinal organoids, the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) during maturation limits their utility in assessing the functionality of later-born retinal cell subtypes. Additionally, conventional analyses primarily rely on fluorescent emissions, which limits the detection of actual cell functionality while risking damage to the 3D cytoarchitecture of organoids. Here, an electrophysiological analysis is presented to monitor RGC development in early to mid-stage retinal organoids, and compare distinct features with fully-mature mouse retina. This approach utilizes high-resolution 3D printing of liquid-metal microelectrodes, enabling precise targeting of specific inner retinal layers within organoids. The adaptable distribution and softness of these microelectrodes facilitate the spatiotemporal recording of inner retinal signals. This study not only demonstrates the functional properties of RGCs in retinal organoid development but also provides insights into their synaptic connectivity, reminiscent of fetal native retinas. Further comparison with fully-mature mouse retina in vivo verifies the organoid features, highlighting the potential of early-stage retinal organoids in biomedical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Chung
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Jeong
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Cui
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Enji Kim
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ah Lim
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hunkyu Seo
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Won Kwon
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Byeon
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwon Lee
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Ung Park
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Y, Ng L, Liu H, Heuer H, Forrest D. Cone photoreceptor differentiation regulated by thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 in the retinal pigment epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2402560121. [PMID: 39018199 PMCID: PMC11287251 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2402560121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The key role of a thyroid hormone receptor in determining the maturation and diversity of cone photoreceptors reflects a profound influence of endocrine signaling on the cells that mediate color vision. However, the route by which hormone reaches cones remains enigmatic as cones reside in the retinal photoreceptor layer, shielded by the blood-retina barrier. Using genetic approaches, we report that cone differentiation is regulated by a membrane transporter for thyroid hormone, MCT8 (SLC16A2), in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which forms the outer blood-retina barrier. Mct8-deficient mice display hypothyroid-like cone gene expression and compromised electroretinogram responses. Mammalian color vision is typically facilitated by cone types that detect medium-long (M) and short (S) wavelengths of light but Mct8-deficient mice have a partial shift of M to S cone identity, resembling the phenotype of thyroid hormone receptor deficiency. RPE-specific ablation of Mct8 results in similar shifts in cone identity and hypothyroid-like gene expression whereas reexpression of MCT8 in the RPE in Mct8-deficient mice partly restores M cone identity, consistent with paracrine-like control of thyroid hormone signaling by the RPE. Our findings suggest that in addition to transport of essential solutes and homeostatic support for photoreceptors, the RPE regulates the thyroid hormone signal that promotes cone-mediated vision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Lily Ng
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Hong Liu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Heike Heuer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen45147, Germany
| | - Douglas Forrest
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kumar D, Li H, Kumbhar DD, Rajbhar MK, Das UK, Syed AM, Melinte G, El-Atab N. Highly Efficient Back-End-of-Line Compatible Flexible Si-Based Optical Memristive Crossbar Array for Edge Neuromorphic Physiological Signal Processing and Bionic Machine Vision. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:238. [PMID: 38976105 PMCID: PMC11231128 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of the Internet-of-Things is anticipated to create a vast market for what are known as smart edge devices, opening numerous opportunities across countless domains, including personalized healthcare and advanced robotics. Leveraging 3D integration, edge devices can achieve unprecedented miniaturization while simultaneously boosting processing power and minimizing energy consumption. Here, we demonstrate a back-end-of-line compatible optoelectronic synapse with a transfer learning method on health care applications, including electroencephalogram (EEG)-based seizure prediction, electromyography (EMG)-based gesture recognition, and electrocardiogram (ECG)-based arrhythmia detection. With experiments on three biomedical datasets, we observe the classification accuracy improvement for the pretrained model with 2.93% on EEG, 4.90% on ECG, and 7.92% on EMG, respectively. The optical programming property of the device enables an ultra-low power (2.8 × 10-13 J) fine-tuning process and offers solutions for patient-specific issues in edge computing scenarios. Moreover, the device exhibits impressive light-sensitive characteristics that enable a range of light-triggered synaptic functions, making it promising for neuromorphic vision application. To display the benefits of these intricate synaptic properties, a 5 × 5 optoelectronic synapse array is developed, effectively simulating human visual perception and memory functions. The proposed flexible optoelectronic synapse holds immense potential for advancing the fields of neuromorphic physiological signal processing and artificial visual systems in wearable applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayanand Kumar
- Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanrui Li
- Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dhananjay D Kumbhar
- Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Kumar Rajbhar
- Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Uttam Kumar Das
- Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Momin Syed
- Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Georgian Melinte
- Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazek El-Atab
- Smart, Advanced Memory Devices and Applications (SAMA) Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nicolini G, Casini G, Posarelli C, Amato R, Lulli M, Balzan S, Forini F. Thyroid Hormone Signaling in Retinal Development and Function: Implications for Diabetic Retinopathy and Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7364. [PMID: 39000471 PMCID: PMC11242054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid Hormones (THs) play a central role in the development, cell growth, differentiation, and metabolic homeostasis of neurosensory systems, including the retina. The coordinated activity of various components of TH signaling, such as TH receptors (THRs) and the TH processing enzymes deiodinases 2 and 3 (DIO2, DIO3), is required for proper retinal maturation and function of the adult photoreceptors, Müller glial cells, and pigmented epithelial cells. Alterations of TH homeostasis, as observed both in frank or subclinical thyroid disorders, have been associated with sight-threatening diseases leading to irreversible vision loss i.e., diabetic retinopathy (DR), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Although observational studies do not allow causal inference, emerging data from preclinical models suggest a possible correlation between TH signaling imbalance and the development of retina disease. In this review, we analyze the most important features of TH signaling relevant to retinal development and function and its possible implication in DR and AMD etiology. A better understanding of TH pathways in these pathological settings might help identify novel targets and therapeutic strategies for the prevention and management of retinal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Casini
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Posarelli
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Torres-Dowdall J, Karagic N, Prabhukumar F, Meyer A. Differential Regulation of Opsin Gene Expression in Response to Internal and External Stimuli. Genome Biol Evol 2024; 16:evae125. [PMID: 38860496 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evae125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Determining how internal and external stimuli interact to determine developmental trajectories of traits is a challenge that requires the integration of different subfields of biology. Internal stimuli, such as hormones, control developmental patterns of phenotypic changes, which might be modified by external environmental cues (e.g. plasticity). Thyroid hormone (TH) modulates the timing of opsin gene expression in developing Midas cichlid fish (Amphilophus citrinellus). Moreover, fish reared in red light accelerate this developmental timing compared to fish reared in white light. Hence, we hypothesized that plasticity caused by variation in light conditions has coopted the TH signaling pathway to induce changes in opsin gene expression. We treated Midas cichlids with TH and crossed this treatment with two light conditions, white and red. We observed that not only opsin expression responded similarly to TH and red light but also that, at high TH levels, there is limited capacity for light-induced plasticity. Transcriptomic analysis of the eye showed that genes in the TH pathway were affected by TH, but not by light treatments. Coexpression network analyses further suggested that response to light was independent of the response to TH manipulations. Taken together, our results suggest independent mechanisms mediating development and plasticity during development of opsin gene expression, and that responses to environmental stimuli may vary depending on internal stimuli. This conditional developmental response to external factors depending on internal ones (e.g. hormones) might play a fundamental role in the patterns of phenotypic divergence observed in Midas cichlids and potentially other organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julián Torres-Dowdall
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Nidal Karagic
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Femina Prabhukumar
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Axel Meyer
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fagundes T, Pannetier P, Gölz L, Behnstedt L, Morthorst J, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Holbech H, Braunbeck T, Baumann L. The generation gap in endocrine disruption: Can the integrated fish endocrine disruptor test (iFEDT) bridge the gap by assessing intergenerational effects of thyroid hormone system disruption? AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 272:106969. [PMID: 38824743 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) act early in ontogenesis, even prior to the differentiation of thyrocytes. Maternal transfer of THs is therefore known to play an essential role in early development. Current OECD test guidelines for the assessment of TH system disruption (THSD) do not address inter- or transgenerational effects. The integrated fish endocrine disruptor test (iFEDT), a test combining parental and developmental exposure of filial fish, may fill this gap. We tested the ability of the iFEDT to detect intergenerational effects in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Parental fish were exposed to propylthiouracil (PTU), an inhibitor of TH synthesis, or not exposed. The offspring was submitted to a crossed experimental design to obtain four exposure scenarios: (1) no exposure at all, (2) parental exposure only, (3) embryonic exposure only, and (4) combined parental and embryonic exposure. Swim bladder inflation, visual motor response (VMR) and gene expression of the progeny were analysed. Parental, but not embryonic PTU exposure reduced the size of the swim bladder of 5 d old embryos, indicating the existence of intergenerational effects. The VMR test produced opposite responses in 4.5 d old embryos exposed to PTU vs. embryos derived from exposed parents. Embryonic exposure, but not parental exposure increased gene expression of thyroperoxidase, the target of PTU, most likely due to a compensatory mechanism. The gene expression of pde-6h (phosphodiesterase) was reduced by embryonic, but not parental exposure, suggesting downregulation of phototransduction pathways. Hence, adverse effects on swim bladder inflation appear more sensitive to parental than embryonic exposure and the iFEDT represents an improvement in the testing strategy for THSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Fagundes
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Eurofins Aquatic Ecotoxicolgy, Eutinger Str. 24, D-75223 Niefern-Öschelbronn, Germany
| | - Pauline Pannetier
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Site de Plouzané, Technopôle Brest Iroise, CS 10070, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Lisa Gölz
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Behnstedt
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jane Morthorst
- University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Biology, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- University of Antwerp, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2160 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- University of Antwerp, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2160 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Henrik Holbech
- University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Biology, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Baumann
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Section Environmental Health & Toxicology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Su Q, Xu B, Chen X, Rokita SE. Misregulation of bromotyrosine compromises fertility in male Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322501121. [PMID: 38748578 PMCID: PMC11126969 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322501121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological regulation often depends on reversible reactions such as phosphorylation, acylation, methylation, and glycosylation, but rarely halogenation. A notable exception is the iodination and deiodination of thyroid hormones. Here, we report detection of bromotyrosine and its subsequent debromination during Drosophila spermatogenesis. Bromotyrosine is not evident when Drosophila express a native flavin-dependent dehalogenase that is homologous to the enzyme responsible for iodide salvage from iodotyrosine in mammals. Deletion or suppression of the dehalogenase-encoding condet (cdt) gene in Drosophila allows bromotyrosine to accumulate with no detectable chloro- or iodotyrosine. The presence of bromotyrosine in the cdt mutant males disrupts sperm individualization and results in decreased fertility. Transgenic expression of the cdt gene in late-staged germ cells rescues this defect and enhances tolerance of male flies to bromotyrosine. These results are consistent with reversible halogenation affecting Drosophila spermatogenesis in a process that had previously eluded metabolomic, proteomic, and genomic analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Su
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21218
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21218
| | - Xin Chen
- HHMI, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21218
- Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21218
| | - Steven E. Rokita
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21218
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Andreazzoli M, Longoni B, Angeloni D, Demontis GC. Retinoid Synthesis Regulation by Retinal Cells in Health and Disease. Cells 2024; 13:871. [PMID: 38786093 PMCID: PMC11120330 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vision starts in retinal photoreceptors when specialized proteins (opsins) sense photons via their covalently bonded vitamin A derivative 11cis retinaldehyde (11cis-RAL). The reaction of non-enzymatic aldehydes with amino groups lacks specificity, and the reaction products may trigger cell damage. However, the reduced synthesis of 11cis-RAL results in photoreceptor demise and suggests the need for careful control over 11cis-RAL handling by retinal cells. This perspective focuses on retinoid(s) synthesis, their control in the adult retina, and their role during retina development. It also explores the potential importance of 9cis vitamin A derivatives in regulating retinoid synthesis and their impact on photoreceptor development and survival. Additionally, recent advancements suggesting the pivotal nature of retinoid synthesis regulation for cone cell viability are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Biancamaria Longoni
- Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Debora Angeloni
- The Institute of Biorobotics, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
He S, He J, Ma S, Wei K, Wu F, Xu J, Jin X, Zhao Y, Martyniuk CJ. Liquid crystal monomers disrupt photoreceptor patterning of zebrafish larvae via thyroid hormone signaling. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108747. [PMID: 38761427 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are the raw material for liquid crystal displays, and their use is steadily increasing in electronic products. Recently, LCMs have been reported to be novel endocrine disrupting chemicals, however, the mechanisms underlying their potential for thyroid hormone disruption and visual toxicity are not well understood. In this study, six widely used fluorinated LCMs (FLCMs) were selected to determine putative mechanisms underlying FLCM-induced toxicity to the zebrafish thyroid and visual systems. Exposure to FLCMs caused damage to retinal structures and reduced cell density of ganglion cell layer, inner nuclear layer, and photoreceptor layer approximately 12.6-46.1%. Exposure to FLCMs also disrupted thyroid hormone levels and perturbed the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis by affecting key enzymes and protein in zebrafish larvae. A thyroid hormone-dependent GH3 cell viability assay supported the hypothesis that FLCMs act as thyroid hormone disrupting chemicals. It was also determined that FLCMs containing aliphatic ring structures may have a higher potential for T3 antagonism compared to FLCMs without an aliphatic ring. Molecular docking in silico suggested that FLCMs may affect biological functions of thyroxine binding globulin, membrane receptor integrin, and thyroid receptor beta. Lastly, the visual motor response of zebrafish in red- and green-light was significantly inhibited following exposure to FLCMs. Taken together, we demonstrate that FLCMs can act as thyroid hormone disruptors to induce visual dysfunction in zebrafish via several molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jia He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Siying Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Kunyu Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaowei Jin
- China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gölz L, Pannetier P, Fagundes T, Knörr S, Behnstedt L, Coordes S, Matthiessen P, Morthorst J, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Holbech H, Braunbeck T, Baumann L. Development of the integrated fish endocrine disruptor test-Part B: Implementation of thyroid-related endpoints. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 20:830-845. [PMID: 37578010 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Given the vital role of thyroid hormones (THs) in vertebrate development, it is essential to identify chemicals that interfere with the TH system. Whereas, among nonmammalian laboratory animals, fish are the most frequently utilized test species in endocrine disruptor research, for example, in guidelines for the detection of effects on the sex hormone system, there is no test guideline (TG) using fish as models for thyroid-related effects; rather, amphibians are used. Therefore, the objective of the present project was to integrate thyroid-related endpoints for fish into a test protocol combining OECD TGs 229 (Fish Short-Term Reproduction Assay) and 234 (Fish Sexual Development Test). The resulting integrated Fish Endocrine Disruption Test (iFEDT) was designed as a comprehensive approach to covering sexual differentiation, early development, and reproduction and to identifying disruption not only of the sexual and/or reproductive system but also the TH system. Two 85-day exposure tests were performed using different well-studied endocrine disruptors: 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). Whereas the companion Part A of this study presents the findings on effects by PTU and EE2 on endpoints established in existing TGs, the present Part B discusses effects on novel thyroid-related endpoints such as TH levels, thyroid follicle histopathology, and eye development. 6-Propyl-2-thiouracil induced a massive proliferation of thyroid follicles in any life stage, and histopathological changes in the eyes proved to be highly sensitive for TH system disruption especially in younger life stages. For measurement of THs, further methodological development is required. 17-α-Ethinylestradiol demonstrated not only the well-known disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, but also induced effects on thyroid follicles in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to higher EE2 concentrations, suggesting crosstalk between endocrine axes. The novel iFEDT has thus proven capable of simultaneously capturing endocrine disruption of both the steroid and thyroid endocrine systems. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:830-845. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gölz
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pauline Pannetier
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Site de Plouzané, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Plouzané, France
| | - Teresa Fagundes
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Knörr
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Behnstedt
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Coordes
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jane Morthorst
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Baumann
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Section Environmental Health & Toxicology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang B, Ganjee R, Khandaker I, Flohr K, He Y, Li G, Wesalo J, Sahel JA, da Silva S, Pi S. Deep learning based characterization of human organoids using optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3112-3127. [PMID: 38855657 PMCID: PMC11161340 DOI: 10.1364/boe.515781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Organoids, derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), are intricate three-dimensional in vitro structures that mimic many key aspects of the complex morphology and functions of in vivo organs such as the retina and heart. Traditional histological methods, while crucial, often fall short in analyzing these dynamic structures due to their inherently static and destructive nature. In this study, we leveraged the capabilities of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for rapid, non-invasive imaging of both retinal, cerebral, and cardiac organoids. Complementing this, we developed a sophisticated deep learning approach to automatically segment the organoid tissues and their internal structures, such as hollows and chambers. Utilizing this advanced imaging and analysis platform, we quantitatively assessed critical parameters, including size, area, volume, and cardiac beating, offering a comprehensive live characterization and classification of the organoids. These findings provide profound insights into the differentiation and developmental processes of organoids, positioning quantitative OCT imaging as a potentially transformative tool for future organoid research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Razieh Ganjee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Irona Khandaker
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Keevon Flohr
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yuanhang He
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joshua Wesalo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Susana da Silva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shaohua Pi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ho MT, Kawai K, Abdo D, Comanita L, Ortin-Martinez A, Ueno Y, Tsao E, Rastgar-Moghadam A, Xue C, Cui H, Wallace VA, Shoichet MS. Transplanted human photoreceptors transfer cytoplasmic material but not to the recipient mouse retina. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:79. [PMID: 38486269 PMCID: PMC10941468 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of material transfer between transplanted and host mouse photoreceptors has expanded the possibilities for utilizing transplanted photoreceptors as potential vehicles for delivering therapeutic cargo. However, previous research has not directly explored the capacity for human photoreceptors to engage in material transfer, as human photoreceptor transplantation has primarily been investigated in rodent models of late-stage retinal disease, which lack host photoreceptors. METHODS In this study, we transplanted human stem-cell derived photoreceptors purified from human retinal organoids at different ontological ages (weeks 10, 14, or 20) into mouse models with intact photoreceptors and assessed transfer of human proteins and organelles to mouse photoreceptors. RESULTS Unexpectedly, regardless of donor age or mouse recipient background, human photoreceptors did not transfer material in the mouse retina, though a rare subset of donor cells (< 5%) integrated into the mouse photoreceptor cell layer. To investigate the possibility that a species barrier impeded transfer, we used a flow cytometric assay to examine material transfer in vitro. Interestingly, dissociated human photoreceptors transferred fluorescent protein with each other in vitro, yet no transfer was detected in co-cultures of human and mouse photoreceptors, suggesting that material transfer is species specific. CONCLUSIONS While xenograft models are not a tractable system to study material transfer of human photoreceptors, these findings demonstrate that human retinal organoid-derived photoreceptors are competent donors for material transfer and thus may be useful to treat retinal degenerative disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret T Ho
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Kotoe Kawai
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Research and Planning Division, Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 6-5-4 Kunimidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0216, Japan
| | - Dhana Abdo
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lacrimioara Comanita
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Arturo Ortin-Martinez
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Yui Ueno
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Research and Planning Division, Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 6-5-4 Kunimidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0216, Japan
| | - Emily Tsao
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Azam Rastgar-Moghadam
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chang Xue
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Hong Cui
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Valerie A Wallace
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Caruso L, Fields M, Rimondi E, Zauli G, Longo G, Marcuzzi A, Previati M, Gonelli A, Zauli E, Milani D. Classical and Innovative Evidence for Therapeutic Strategies in Retinal Dysfunctions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2124. [PMID: 38396799 PMCID: PMC10889839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The human retina is a complex anatomical structure that has no regenerative capacity. The pathogenesis of most retinopathies can be attributed to inflammation, with the activation of the inflammasome protein platform, and to the impact of oxidative stress on the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy/mitophagy in retinal cells. In recent years, new therapeutic approaches to treat retinopathies have been investigated. Experimental data suggest that the secretome of mesenchymal cells could reduce oxidative stress, autophagy, and the apoptosis of retinal cells, and in turn, the secretome of the latter could induce changes in mesenchymal cells. Other studies have evidenced that noncoding (nc)RNAs might be new targets for retinopathy treatment and novel disease biomarkers since a correlation has been found between ncRNA levels and retinopathies. A new field to explore is the interaction observed between the ocular and intestinal microbiota; indeed, recent findings have shown that the alteration of gut microbiota seems to be linked to ocular diseases, suggesting a gut-eye axis. To explore new therapeutical strategies for retinopathies, it is important to use proper models that can mimic the complexity of the retina. In this context, retinal organoids represent a good model for the study of the pathophysiology of the retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Matteo Fields
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Erika Rimondi
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Giovanna Longo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Maurizio Previati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniela Milani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.F.); (G.L.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao H, Yan F. Retinal Organoids: A Next-Generation Platform for High-Throughput Drug Discovery. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:495-508. [PMID: 38079086 PMCID: PMC10837228 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Retinal diseases are leading causes of blindness globally. Developing new drugs is of great significance for preventing vision loss. Current drug discovery relies mainly on two-dimensional in vitro models and animal models, but translation to human efficacy and safety is biased. In recent years, the emergence of retinal organoid technology platforms, utilizing three-dimensional microenvironments to better mimic retinal structure and function, has provided new platforms for exploring pathogenic mechanisms and drug screening. This review summarizes the latest advances in retinal organoid technology, emphasizing its application advantages in high-throughput drug screening, efficacy and toxicity evaluation, and translational medicine research. The review also prospects the combination of emerging technologies such as organ-on-a-chip, 3D bioprinting, single cell sequencing, gene editing with retinal organoid technology, which is expected to further optimize retinal organoid models and advance the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine School, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Yuhua Street, Chunrong West Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lim-Kian-Siang G, Izawa-Ishiguro AR, Rao Y. Neurexin-1-dependent circuit activity is required for the maintenance of photoreceptor subtype identity in Drosophila. Mol Brain 2024; 17:2. [PMID: 38167109 PMCID: PMC10759516 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the human and Drosophila color vision system, each photoreceptor neuron (cone cell in humans and R7/R8 photoreceptor cell in Drosophila) makes a stochastic decision to express a single photopigment of the same family with the exclusion of the others. While recent studies have begun to reveal the mechanisms that specify the generation of cone subtypes during development in mammals, nothing is known about how the mosaic of mutually exclusive cone subtypes is maintained in the mammalian retina. In Drosophila, recent work has led to the identification of several intrinsic factors that maintain the identity of R8 photoreceptor subtypes in adults. Whether and how extrinsic mechanisms are involved, however, remain unknown. In this study, we present evidence that supports that the Drosophila transsynaptic adhesion molecule Neurexin 1 (Dnrx-1) is required non-cell autonomously in R8p subtypes for the maintenance of R8y subtype identity. Silencing the activity of R8p subtypes caused a phenotype identical to that in dnrx-1 mutants. These results support a novel role for Nrx-1-dependent circuit activity in mediating the communication between R8 photoreceptor subtypes for maintaining the subtype identity in the retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Lim-Kian-Siang
- McGill Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Montreal, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Arianna R Izawa-Ishiguro
- McGill Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Montreal, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Yong Rao
- McGill Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal, Canada.
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, McGill University Health Centre, Room L7-136, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang K, Cai W, Hu L, Chen S. Generating Retinas through Guided Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation and Direct Somatic Cell Reprogramming. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1251-1262. [PMID: 37807418 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x255496230923164547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Retinal degeneration diseases affect millions of people worldwide but are among the most difficult eye diseases to cure. Studying the mechanisms and developing new therapies for these blinding diseases requires researchers to have access to many retinal cells. In recent years there has been substantial advances in the field of biotechnology in generating retinal cells and even tissues in vitro, either through programmed sequential stem cell differentiation or direct somatic cell lineage reprogramming. The resemblance of these in vitro-generated retinal cells to native cells has been increasingly utilized by researchers. With the help of these in vitro retinal models, we now have a better understanding of human retinas and retinal diseases. Furthermore, these in vitro-generated retinal cells can be used as donor cells which solves a major hurdle in the development of cell replacement therapy for retinal degeneration diseases, while providing a promising option for patients suffering from these diseases. In this review, we summarize the development of pluripotent stem cell-to-retinal cell differentiation methods, the recent advances in generating retinal cells through direct somatic cell reprogramming, and the translational applications of retinal cells generated in vitro. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current protocols and possible future directions for improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Wenwen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Leyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Shuyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hadyniak SE, Hagen JFD, Eldred KC, Brenerman B, Hussey KA, McCoy RC, Sauria MEG, Kuchenbecker JA, Reh T, Glass I, Neitz M, Neitz J, Taylor J, Johnston RJ. Retinoic acid signaling regulates spatiotemporal specification of human green and red cones. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002464. [PMID: 38206904 PMCID: PMC10783767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Trichromacy is unique to primates among placental mammals, enabled by blue (short/S), green (medium/M), and red (long/L) cones. In humans, great apes, and Old World monkeys, cones make a poorly understood choice between M and L cone subtype fates. To determine mechanisms specifying M and L cones, we developed an approach to visualize expression of the highly similar M- and L-opsin mRNAs. M-opsin was observed before L-opsin expression during early human eye development, suggesting that M cones are generated before L cones. In adult human tissue, the early-developing central retina contained a mix of M and L cones compared to the late-developing peripheral region, which contained a high proportion of L cones. Retinoic acid (RA)-synthesizing enzymes are highly expressed early in retinal development. High RA signaling early was sufficient to promote M cone fate and suppress L cone fate in retinal organoids. Across a human population sample, natural variation in the ratios of M and L cone subtypes was associated with a noncoding polymorphism in the NR2F2 gene, a mediator of RA signaling. Our data suggest that RA promotes M cone fate early in development to generate the pattern of M and L cones across the human retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Hadyniak
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Joanna F. D. Hagen
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Kiara C. Eldred
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States
| | - Boris Brenerman
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Katarzyna A. Hussey
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Rajiv C. McCoy
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Michael E. G. Sauria
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - James A. Kuchenbecker
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States
| | - Thomas Reh
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States
| | - Ian Glass
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States
| | - Maureen Neitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States
| | - Jay Neitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States
| | - James Taylor
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Robert J. Johnston
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
de Souza JS. Thyroid hormone biosynthesis and its role in brain development and maintenance. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 142:329-365. [PMID: 39059990 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are critical modulators in the physiological processes necessary to virtually all tissues, with exceptionally fundamental roles in brain development and maintenance. These hormones regulate essential neurodevelopment events, including neuronal migration, synaptogenesis, and myelination. Additionally, thyroid hormones are crucial for maintaining brain homeostasis and cognitive function in adulthood. This chapter aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of thyroid hormone biosynthesis and its intricate role in brain physiology. Here, we described the mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, their influence on various aspects of brain development and ongoing maintenance, and the proteins in the brain that are responsive to these hormones. This chapter was geared towards broadening our understanding of thyroid hormone action in the brain, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets for neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Sena de Souza
- Department of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wohlschlegel J, Finkbeiner C, Hoffer D, Kierney F, Prieve A, Murry AD, Haugan AK, Ortuño-Lizarán I, Rieke F, Golden SA, Reh TA. ASCL1 induces neurogenesis in human Müller glia. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:2400-2417. [PMID: 38039971 PMCID: PMC10724232 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, loss of retinal cells due to disease or trauma is an irreversible process that can lead to blindness. Interestingly, regeneration of retinal neurons is a well established process in some non-mammalian vertebrates and is driven by the Müller glia (MG), which are able to re-enter the cell cycle and reprogram into neurogenic progenitors upon retinal injury or disease. Progress has been made to restore this mechanism in mammals to promote retinal regeneration: MG can be stimulated to generate new neurons in vivo in the adult mouse retina after the over-expression of the pro-neural transcription factor Ascl1. In this study, we applied the same strategy to reprogram human MG derived from fetal retina and retinal organoids into neurons. Combining single cell RNA sequencing, single cell ATAC sequencing, immunofluorescence, and electrophysiology we demonstrate that human MG can be reprogrammed into neurogenic cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Connor Finkbeiner
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dawn Hoffer
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Faith Kierney
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aric Prieve
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexandria D Murry
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexandra K Haugan
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Fred Rieke
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sam A Golden
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas A Reh
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cochella L, Chaker Z. Development, regeneration and aging: a bizarre love triangle. Development 2023; 150:dev202086. [PMID: 37791585 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The Jacques Monod Conference on 'Growth and regeneration during development and aging' was organized by Claude Desplan and Allison Bardin in May 2023. The conference took place in Roscoff, France, where participants shared recent conceptual advances under the general motto that developmental processes do not end with embryogenesis. The meeting covered various aspects of how development relates to fitness, regeneration and aging across a refreshing diversity of evolutionarily distant organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Cochella
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zayna Chaker
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang X, Leavey P, Appel H, Makrides N, Blackshaw S. Molecular mechanisms controlling vertebrate retinal patterning, neurogenesis, and cell fate specification. Trends Genet 2023; 39:736-757. [PMID: 37423870 PMCID: PMC10529299 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This review covers recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling neurogenesis and specification of the developing retina, with a focus on insights obtained from comparative single cell multiomic analysis. We discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanisms by which extrinsic factors trigger transcriptional changes that spatially pattern the optic cup (OC) and control the initiation and progression of retinal neurogenesis. We also discuss progress in unraveling the core evolutionarily conserved gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that specify early- and late-state retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) and neurogenic progenitors and that control the final steps in determining cell identity. Finally, we discuss findings that provide insight into regulation of species-specific aspects of retinal patterning and neurogenesis, including consideration of key outstanding questions in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Patrick Leavey
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haley Appel
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Neoklis Makrides
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seth Blackshaw
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Beaver D, Limnios IJ. A treatment within sight: challenges in the development of stem cell-derived photoreceptor therapies for retinal degenerative diseases. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2023; 2:1130086. [PMID: 38993872 PMCID: PMC11235385 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2023.1130086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell therapies can potentially treat various retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and inherited retinal diseases like retinitis pigmentosa. For these diseases, transplanted cells may include stem cell-derived retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells, photoreceptors, or a combination of both. Although stem cell-derived RPE cells have progressed to human clinical trials, therapies using photoreceptors and other retinal cell types are lagging. In this review, we discuss the potential use of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived photoreceptors for the treatment of retinal degeneration and highlight the progress and challenges for their efficient production and clinical application in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davinia Beaver
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QL, Australia
| | - Ioannis Jason Limnios
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QL, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Vollger MR, Korlach J, Eldred KC, Swanson E, Underwood JG, Cheng YHH, Ranchalis J, Mao Y, Blue EE, Schwarze U, Munson KM, Saunders CT, Wenger AM, Allworth A, Chanprasert S, Duerden BL, Glass I, Horike-Pyne M, Kim M, Leppig KA, McLaughlin IJ, Ogawa J, Rosenthal EA, Sheppeard S, Sherman SM, Strohbehn S, Yuen AL, Reh TA, Byers PH, Bamshad MJ, Hisama FM, Jarvik GP, Sancak Y, Dipple KM, Stergachis AB. Synchronized long-read genome, methylome, epigenome, and transcriptome for resolving a Mendelian condition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.26.559521. [PMID: 37808736 PMCID: PMC10557686 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.26.559521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Resolving the molecular basis of a Mendelian condition (MC) remains challenging owing to the diverse mechanisms by which genetic variants cause disease. To address this, we developed a synchronized long-read genome, methylome, epigenome, and transcriptome sequencing approach, which enables accurate single-nucleotide, insertion-deletion, and structural variant calling and diploid de novo genome assembly, and permits the simultaneous elucidation of haplotype-resolved CpG methylation, chromatin accessibility, and full-length transcript information in a single long-read sequencing run. Application of this approach to an Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) participant with a chromosome X;13 balanced translocation of uncertain significance revealed that this translocation disrupted the functioning of four separate genes (NBEA, PDK3, MAB21L1, and RB1) previously associated with single-gene MCs. Notably, the function of each gene was disrupted via a distinct mechanism that required integration of the four 'omes' to resolve. These included nonsense-mediated decay, fusion transcript formation, enhancer adoption, transcriptional readthrough silencing, and inappropriate X chromosome inactivation of autosomal genes. Overall, this highlights the utility of synchronized long-read multi-omic profiling for mechanistically resolving complex phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell R. Vollger
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Kiara C. Eldred
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Biological Structure, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elliott Swanson
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Yong-Han H. Cheng
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jane Ranchalis
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yizi Mao
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elizabeth E. Blue
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ulrike Schwarze
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katherine M. Munson
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Aimee Allworth
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sirisak Chanprasert
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Ian Glass
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Martha Horike-Pyne
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Kathleen A. Leppig
- Genetic Services, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sam Sheppeard
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Sherman
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samuel Strohbehn
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amy L. Yuen
- Genetic Services, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Thomas A. Reh
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Biological Structure, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter H. Byers
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael J. Bamshad
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Fuki M. Hisama
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gail P. Jarvik
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yasemin Sancak
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katrina M. Dipple
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew B. Stergachis
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Farre AA, Thomas P, Huang J, Poulsen RA, Owusu Poku E, Stenkamp DL. Plasticity of cone photoreceptors in adult zebrafish revealed by thyroid hormone exposure. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15697. [PMID: 37735192 PMCID: PMC10514274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42686-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate color vision is predominantly mediated by the presence of multiple cone photoreceptor subtypes that are each maximally sensitive to different wavelengths of light. Thyroid hormone (TH) has been shown to be essential in the spatiotemporal patterning of cone subtypes in many species, including cone subtypes that express opsins that are encoded by tandemly replicated genes. TH has been shown to differentially regulate the tandemly replicated lws opsin genes in zebrafish, and exogenous treatments alter the expression levels of these genes in larvae and juveniles. In this study, we sought to determine whether gene expression in cone photoreceptors remains plastic to TH treatment in adults. We used a transgenic lws reporter line, multiplexed fluorescence hybridization chain reaction in situ hybridization, and qPCR to examine the extent to which cone gene expression can be altered by TH in adults. Our studies revealed that opsin gene expression, and the expression of other photoreceptor genes, remains plastic to TH treatment in adult zebrafish. In addition to retinal plasticity, exogenous TH treatment alters skin pigmentation patterns in adult zebrafish after 5 days. Taken together, our results show a remarkable level of TH-sensitive plasticity in the adult zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Farre
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844-3015, USA
| | - Preston Thomas
- WWAMI Medical Education Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Johnson Huang
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Spokane, WA, USA
| | | | - Emmanuel Owusu Poku
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844-3015, USA
| | - Deborah L Stenkamp
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844-3015, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lee J, Jeong BH, Kamaraj E, Kim D, Kim H, Park S, Park HJ. Light-enhanced molecular polarity enabling multispectral color-cognitive memristor for neuromorphic visual system. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5775. [PMID: 37723149 PMCID: PMC10507016 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41419-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An optoelectronic synapse having a multispectral color-discriminating ability is an essential prerequisite to emulate the human retina for realizing a neuromorphic visual system. Several studies based on the three-terminal transistor architecture have shown its feasibility; however, its implementation with a two-terminal memristor architecture, advantageous to achieving high integration density as a simple crossbar array for an ultra-high-resolution vision chip, remains a challenge. Furthermore, regardless of the architecture, it requires specific material combinations to exhibit the photo-synaptic functionalities, and thus its integration into various systems is limited. Here, we suggest an approach that can universally introduce a color-discriminating synaptic functionality into a two-terminal memristor irrespective of the kinds of switching medium. This is possible by simply introducing the molecular interlayer with long-lasting photo-enhanced dipoles that can adjust the resistance of the memristor at the light-irradiation. We also propose the molecular design principle that can afford this feature. The optoelectronic synapse array having a color-discriminating functionality is confirmed to improve the inference accuracy of the convolutional neural network for the colorful image recognition tasks through a visual pre-processing. Additionally, the wavelength-dependent optoelectronic synapse can also be leveraged in the design of a light-programmable reservoir computing system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Lee
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Ho Jeong
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eswaran Kamaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Kongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyung Kim
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakjun Kim
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Park
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Kongju, 32588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hui Joon Park
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Hanyang Institute of Smart Semiconductor, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cheng YM, Ma C, Jin K, Jin ZB. Retinal organoid and gene editing for basic and translational research. Vision Res 2023; 210:108273. [PMID: 37307693 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapid evolution of two technologies has greatly transformed the basic, translational, and clinical research in the mammalian retina. One is the retinal organoid (RO) technology. Various induction methods have been created or adapted to generate species-specific, disease-specific, and experimental-targeted retinal organoids (ROs). The process of generating ROs can highly mimic the in vivo retinal development, and consequently, the ROs resemble the retina in many aspects including the molecular and cellular profiles. The other technology is the gene editing, represented by the classical CRISPR-Cas9 editing and its derivatives such as prime editing, homology independent targeted integration (HITI), base editing and others. The combination of ROs and gene editing has opened up countless possibilities in the study of retinal development, pathogenesis, and therapeutics. We review recent advances in the ROs, gene editing methodologies, delivery vectors, and related topics that are particularly relevant to retinal studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Min Cheng
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730 China
| | - Chao Ma
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730 China
| | - Kangxin Jin
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730 China.
| | - Zi-Bing Jin
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730 China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Haigis AC, Vergauwen L, LaLone CA, Villeneuve DL, O'Brien JM, Knapen D. Cross-species applicability of an adverse outcome pathway network for thyroid hormone system disruption. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:1-27. [PMID: 37405877 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone system disrupting compounds are considered potential threats for human and environmental health. Multiple adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for thyroid hormone system disruption (THSD) are being developed in different taxa. Combining these AOPs results in a cross-species AOP network for THSD which may provide an evidence-based foundation for extrapolating THSD data across vertebrate species and bridging the gap between human and environmental health. This review aimed to advance the description of the taxonomic domain of applicability (tDOA) in the network to improve its utility for cross-species extrapolation. We focused on the molecular initiating events (MIEs) and adverse outcomes (AOs) and evaluated both their plausible domain of applicability (taxa they are likely applicable to) and empirical domain of applicability (where evidence for applicability to various taxa exists) in a THSD context. The evaluation showed that all MIEs in the AOP network are applicable to mammals. With some exceptions, there was evidence of structural conservation across vertebrate taxa and especially for fish and amphibians, and to a lesser extent for birds, empirical evidence was found. Current evidence supports the applicability of impaired neurodevelopment, neurosensory development (eg, vision) and reproduction across vertebrate taxa. The results of this tDOA evaluation are summarized in a conceptual AOP network that helps prioritize (parts of) AOPs for a more detailed evaluation. In conclusion, this review advances the tDOA description of an existing THSD AOP network and serves as a catalog summarizing plausible and empirical evidence on which future cross-species AOP development and tDOA assessment could build.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Cathrin Haigis
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Carlie A LaLone
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA
| | - Jason M O'Brien
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tresenrider A, Sridhar A, Eldred KC, Cuschieri S, Hoffer D, Trapnell C, Reh TA. Single-cell sequencing of individual retinal organoids reveals determinants of cell-fate heterogeneity. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100548. [PMID: 37671011 PMCID: PMC10475847 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
With a critical need for more complete in vitro models of human development and disease, organoids hold immense potential. Their complex cellular composition makes single-cell sequencing of great utility; however, the limitation of current technologies to a handful of treatment conditions restricts their use in screens or studies of organoid heterogeneity. Here, we apply sci-Plex, a single-cell combinatorial indexing (sci)-based RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) multiplexing method to retinal organoids. We demonstrate that sci-Plex and 10× methods produce highly concordant cell-class compositions and then expand sci-Plex to analyze the cell-class composition of 410 organoids upon modulation of critical developmental pathways. Leveraging individual organoid data, we develop a method to measure organoid heterogeneity, and we identify that activation of Wnt signaling early in retinal organoid cultures increases retinal cell classes up to 6 weeks later. Our data show sci-Plex's potential to dramatically scale up the analysis of treatment conditions on relevant human models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Tresenrider
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Kiara C. Eldred
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sophia Cuschieri
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dawn Hoffer
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Allen Discovery Center for Cell Lineage Tracing, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Thomas A. Reh
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lavekar SS, Harkin J, Hernandez M, Gomes C, Patil S, Huang KC, Puntambekar SS, Lamb BT, Meyer JS. Development of a three-dimensional organoid model to explore early retinal phenotypes associated with Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13827. [PMID: 37620502 PMCID: PMC10449801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, resulting in synaptic loss and neurodegeneration. The retina is an extension of the central nervous system within the eye, sharing many structural similarities with the brain, and previous studies have observed AD-related phenotypes within the retina. Three-dimensional retinal organoids differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can effectively model some of the earliest manifestations of disease states, yet early AD-associated phenotypes have not yet been examined. Thus, the current study focused upon the differentiation of hPSCs into retinal organoids for the analysis of early AD-associated alterations. Results demonstrated the robust differentiation of retinal organoids from both familial AD and unaffected control cell lines, with familial AD retinal organoids exhibiting a significant increase in the Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio as well as phosphorylated Tau protein, characteristic of AD pathology. Further, transcriptional analyses demonstrated the differential expression of many genes and cellular pathways, including those associated with synaptic dysfunction. Taken together, the current study demonstrates the ability of retinal organoids to serve as a powerful model for the identification of some of the earliest retinal alterations associated with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sailee S Lavekar
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jade Harkin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Melody Hernandez
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Cátia Gomes
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Shruti Patil
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kang-Chieh Huang
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Shweta S Puntambekar
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jason S Meyer
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang T, Zhu L, Sun Y, Yang L, Yi S, Zhong W. Novel Insights on 6:6 Perfluoroalkyl Phosphonic Acid-Induced Melanin Synthesis Disorders Leading to Pigmentation in Tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11032-11042. [PMID: 37467139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
As alternatives to traditional per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, perfluoroalkyl phosphonic acids (PFPiAs) are widely present in aquatic environments and can potentially harm aquatic organisms. Pigmentation affects the probability of aquatic organisms being preyed on and serves as an important toxic endpoint of development, but little is known about the impacts of PFPiAs on the development of aquatic organisms. In this study, Xenopus laevis embryos were exposed to 6:6 PFPiA (1, 10, and 100 nM) for 14 days. The developed tadpoles exhibited evident pigmentation with increased melanin particle size and density on the skin. Pathological and behavioral experiments revealed that the retinal layers became thinner, reducing the photosensitivity and disturbing the circadian rhythm of the tadpoles. Compared to the control group, the exposed tadpoles showed higher levels but less changes of melanin throughout the light/dark cycle, as well as distinct oxidative damage. Consequently, the expression level of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a key factor inducing melanin synthesis, increased significantly. Molecular docking analysis suggested that 6:6 PFPiA forms strong interactions in the binding pocket of MITF, implying that it could activate MITF directly. The activation of MITF ultimately promotes melanin synthesis, resulting in pigmentation on tadpoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering of Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering of Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yumeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering of Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering of Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shujun Yi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering of Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wenjue Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering of Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chang J, Jiao M, Zhang Z, Liu W, Li W, Xu P, Wan B. Mechanistic insight into the adverse outcome of tire wear and road particle leachate exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108053. [PMID: 37356306 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWP) have become the major microplastic pollution in China. Road runoff containing TWP leachate can decrease the eye size and even induced mortality in the aquatic organisms. However, the toxic mechanism of TWP and road particles (RP) leachate on aquatic organisms is still unclear. In this study, the zebrafish embryos were exposed to TWP or RP leachate for 5 days at both environmental relevant and high concentrations. The adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) were screened from individual to molecular levels. The morphological and behavioral analysis demonstrated that the leachate exposure mainly impaired the eye development of zebrafish larvae and inhibited the larval swim behavior and phototactic response, which are the adverse outcomes. The phototransduction modulated by zebrafish retina was significantly down-regulated through transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. The eye histopathological analysis showed that the decreased thickness of the retinal outer nuclear layer (ONL) and retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) after leachate exposure were caused by the decreased photoreceptor cells. Moreover, the expression of NR2E3 and TPO genes showed concentration-dependent down-regulation after leachate exposure. The inhibition of photoreceptor cell proliferation was identified as the main reason for photoreceptor cell decrease in zebrafish larval eye. This study, for the first time, uncovered the underlying toxic mechanism of TWP and RP on zebrafish larval eyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Meng Jiao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan RD 19 a, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaoguang Zhang
- Tongzhou Asphalt Factory, Beijing Municipal Road and Bridge Building Material Group Co. LTD, Beijing 101108, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan RD 19 a, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bin Wan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rocha-Martins M, Nerli E, Kretzschmar J, Weigert M, Icha J, Myers EW, Norden C. Neuronal migration prevents spatial competition in retinal morphogenesis. Nature 2023; 620:615-624. [PMID: 37558872 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06392-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The concomitant occurrence of tissue growth and organization is a hallmark of organismal development1-3. This often means that proliferating and differentiating cells are found at the same time in a continuously changing tissue environment. How cells adapt to architectural changes to prevent spatial interference remains unclear. Here, to understand how cell movements that are key for growth and organization are orchestrated, we study the emergence of photoreceptor neurons that occur during the peak of retinal growth, using zebrafish, human tissue and human organoids. Quantitative imaging reveals that successful retinal morphogenesis depends on the active bidirectional translocation of photoreceptors, leading to a transient transfer of the entire cell population away from the apical proliferative zone. This pattern of migration is driven by cytoskeletal machineries that differ depending on the direction: microtubules are exclusively required for basal translocation, whereas actomyosin is involved in apical movement. Blocking the basal translocation of photoreceptors induces apical congestion, which hampers the apical divisions of progenitor cells and leads to secondary defects in lamination. Thus, photoreceptor migration is crucial to prevent competition for space, and to allow concurrent tissue growth and lamination. This shows that neuronal migration, in addition to its canonical role in cell positioning4, can be involved in coordinating morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Rocha-Martins
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden (CSBD), Dresden, Germany.
| | - Elisa Nerli
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden (CSBD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Jenny Kretzschmar
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Weigert
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden (CSBD), Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jaroslav Icha
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eugene W Myers
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden (CSBD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Caren Norden
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dai Q, Pei M, Guo J, Wang Q, Hao Z, Wang H, Li Y, Li L, Lu K, Yan Y, Shi Y, Li Y. Integration of image preprocessing and recognition functions in an optoelectronic coupling organic ferroelectric retinomorphic neuristor. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:3061-3071. [PMID: 37218409 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00429e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The human visual system (HVS) has the advantages of a low power consumption and high efficiency because of the synchronous perception and early preprocessing of external image information in the retina, as well as parallel in-memory computing within the visual cortex. Realizing the biofunction simulation of the retina and visual cortex in a single device structure provides opportunities for performance improvements and machine vision system (MVS) integration. Here, we fabricate organic ferroelectric retinomorphic neuristors that integrate the retina-like preprocessing function and recognition of the visual cortex in a single device architecture. Benefiting from the electrical/optical coupling modulation of ferroelectric polarization, our devices show a bidirectional photoresponse that acts as the basis for mimicking retinal preconditioning and multi-level memory capabilities for recognition. The MVS based on the proposed retinomorphic neuristors achieves a high recognition accuracy of ∼90%, which is 20% higher than that of the incomplete system without the preprocessing function. In addition, we successfully demonstrate image encryption and optical programming logic gate functions. Our work suggests that the proposed retinomorphic neuristors offer great potential for MVS monolithic integration and functional expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinyong Dai
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Mengjiao Pei
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Jianhang Guo
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Qijing Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Ziqian Hao
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Hengyuan Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Yating Li
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Longfei Li
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Kuakua Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Yan
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Shi
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Yun Li
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Móvio MI, de Lima-Vasconcellos TH, Dos Santos GB, Echeverry MB, Colombo E, Mattos LS, Resende RR, Kihara AH. Retinal organoids from human-induced pluripotent stem cells: From studying retinal dystrophies to early diagnosis of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 144:77-86. [PMID: 36210260 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have provided new methods to study neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to their wide application in neuronal disorders, hiPSCs technology can also encompass specific conditions, such as inherited retinal dystrophies. The possibility of evaluating alterations related to retinal disorders in 3D organoids increases the truthfulness of in vitro models. Moreover, both Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) have been described as causing early retinal alterations, generating beta-amyloid protein accumulation, or affecting dopaminergic amacrine cells. This review addresses recent advances and future perspectives obtained from in vitro modeling of retinal diseases, focusing on retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Additionally, we depicted the possibility of evaluating changes related to AD and PD in retinal organoids obtained from potential patients long before the onset of the disease, constituting a valuable tool in early diagnosis. With this, we pointed out prospects in the study of retinal dystrophies and early diagnosis of AD and PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marília Inês Móvio
- Laboratório de Neurogenética, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcela Bermudez Echeverry
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisabetta Colombo
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Leonardo S Mattos
- Biomedical Robotics Laboratory, Department of Advanced Robotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Resende
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Hiroaki Kihara
- Laboratório de Neurogenética, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil; Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Roux N, Miura S, Dussenne M, Tara Y, Lee SH, de Bernard S, Reynaud M, Salis P, Barua A, Boulahtouf A, Balaguer P, Gauthier K, Lecchini D, Gibert Y, Besseau L, Laudet V. The multi-level regulation of clownfish metamorphosis by thyroid hormones. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112661. [PMID: 37347665 PMCID: PMC10467156 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Most marine organisms have a biphasic life cycle during which pelagic larvae transform into radically different juveniles. In vertebrates, the role of thyroid hormones (THs) in triggering this transition is well known, but how the morphological and physiological changes are integrated in a coherent way with the ecological transition remains poorly explored. To gain insight into this question, we performed an integrated analysis of metamorphosis of a marine teleost, the false clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris). We show how THs coordinate a change in color vision as well as a major metabolic shift in energy production, highlighting how it orchestrates this transformation. By manipulating the activity of liver X regulator (LXR), a major regulator of metabolism, we also identify a tight link between metabolic changes and metamorphosis progression. Strikingly, we observed that these regulations are at play in the wild, explaining how hormones coordinate energy needs with available resources during the life cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Roux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Saori Miura
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Mélanie Dussenne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Yuki Tara
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Shu-Hua Lee
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10, Dah-Uen Rd., Jiau Shi, I-Lan 262, Taiwan
| | | | - Mathieu Reynaud
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Pauline Salis
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Agneesh Barua
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Gauthier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370 École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - David Lecchini
- PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS-UAR 3278 CRIOBE BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia; Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL," 66100 Perpignan, France
| | - Yann Gibert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Laurence Besseau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France.
| | - Vincent Laudet
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10, Dah-Uen Rd., Jiau Shi, I-Lan 262, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fernández-Suárez E, González-del Pozo M, García-Núñez A, Méndez-Vidal C, Martín-Sánchez M, Mejías-Carrasco JM, Ramos-Jiménez M, Morillo-Sánchez MJ, Rodríguez-de la Rúa E, Borrego S, Antiñolo G. Expanding the phenotype of THRB: a range of macular dystrophies as the major clinical manifestations in patients with a dominant splicing variant. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1197744. [PMID: 37547476 PMCID: PMC10401274 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1197744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders that often severely impair vision. Some patients manifest poor central vision as the first symptom due to cone-dysfunction, which is consistent with cone dystrophy (COD), Stargardt disease (STGD), or macular dystrophy (MD) among others. Here, we aimed to identify the genetic cause of autosomal dominant COD in one family. WGS was performed in 3 affected and 1 unaffected individual using the TruSeq Nano DNA library kit and the NovaSeq 6,000 platform (Illumina). Data analysis identified a novel spliceogenic variant (c.283 + 1G>A) in the thyroid hormone receptor beta gene (THRB) as the candidate disease-associated variant. Further genetic analysis revealed the presence of the same heterozygous variant segregating in two additional unrelated dominant pedigrees including 9 affected individuals with a diagnosis of COD (1), STGD (4), MD (3) and unclear phenotype (1). THRB has been previously reported as a causal gene for autosomal dominant and recessive thyroid hormone resistance syndrome beta (RTHβ); however, none of the IRD patients exhibited RTHβ. Genotype-phenotype correlations showed that RTHβ can be caused by both truncating and missense variants, which are mainly located at the 3' (C-terminal/ligand-binding) region, which is common to both THRB isoforms (TRβ1 and TRβ2). In contrast, the c.283 + 1G>A variant is predicted to disrupt a splice site in the 5'-region of the gene that encodes the N-terminal domain of the TRβ1 isoform protein, leaving the TRβ2 isoform intact, which would explain the phenotypic variability observed between RTHβ and IRD patients. Interestingly, although monochromacy or cone response alterations have already been described in a few RTHβ patients, herein we report the first genetic association between a pathogenic variant in THRB and non-syndromic IRDs. We thereby expand the phenotype of THRB pathogenic variants including COD, STGD, or MD as the main clinical manifestation, which also reflects the extraordinary complexity of retinal functions mediated by the different THRB isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fernández-Suárez
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| | - María González-del Pozo
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| | - Alejandro García-Núñez
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Cristina Méndez-Vidal
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| | - Marta Martín-Sánchez
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| | - José Manuel Mejías-Carrasco
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Ramos-Jiménez
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Rodríguez-de la Rúa
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
- RETICS Patología Ocular, OFTARED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Salud Borrego
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| | - Guillermo Antiñolo
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Farre AA, Sun C, Starostik MR, Hunter SS, English MA, Duncan A, Santhanam A, Shihabeddin E, O’Brien J, Swaroop A, Stenkamp DL. Long wavelength-sensing cones of zebrafish retina exhibit multiple layers of transcriptional heterogeneity. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1214084. [PMID: 37519633 PMCID: PMC10382231 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1214084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Understanding how photoreceptor genes are regulated is important for investigating retinal development and disease. While much is known about gene regulation in cones, the mechanism by which tandemly-replicated opsins, such as human long wavelength-sensitive and middle wavelength-sensitive opsins, are differentially regulated remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to further our understanding of transcriptional heterogeneity in cones that express tandemly-replicated opsins and the regulation of such differential expression using zebrafish, which express the tandemly-replicated opsins lws1 and lws2. Methods We performed bulk and single cell RNA-Seq of LWS1 and LWS2 cones, evaluated expression patterns of selected genes of interest using multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization, and used exogenous thyroid hormone (TH) treatments to test selected genes for potential control by thyroid hormone: a potent, endogenous regulator of lws1 and lws2 expression. Results Our studies indicate that additional transcriptional differences beyond opsin expression exist between LWS1 and LWS2 cones. Bulk RNA-Seq results showed 95 transcripts enriched in LWS1 cones and 186 transcripts enriched in LWS2 cones (FC > 2, FDR < 0.05). In situ hybridization results also reveal underlying heterogeneity within the lws1- and lws2-expressing populations. This heterogeneity is evident in cones of mature zebrafish, and further heterogeneity is revealed in transcriptional responses to TH treatments. Discussion We found some evidence of coordinate regulation of lws opsins and other genes by exogenous TH in LWS1 vs. LWS2 cones, as well as evidence of gene regulation not mediated by TH. The transcriptional differences between LWS1 and LWS2 cones are likely controlled by multiple signals, including TH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A. Farre
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Chi Sun
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Margaret R. Starostik
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Samuel S. Hunter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Milton A. English
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Audrey Duncan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Abirami Santhanam
- Department of Vision Science, University of Houston College of Optometry, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Eyad Shihabeddin
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John O’Brien
- Department of Vision Science, University of Houston College of Optometry, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anand Swaroop
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Deborah L. Stenkamp
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kang J, Gong J, Yang C, Lin X, Yan L, Gong Y, Xu H. Application of Human Stem Cell Derived Retinal Organoids in the Exploration of the Mechanisms of Early Retinal Development. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10553-x. [PMID: 37269529 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The intricate neural circuit of retina extracts salient features of the natural world and forms bioelectric impulse as the origin of vision. The early development of retina is a highly complex and coordinated process in morphogenesis and neurogenesis. Increasing evidence indicates that stem cells derived human retinal organoids (hROs) in vitro faithfully recapitulates the embryonic developmental process of human retina no matter in the transcriptome, cellular biology and histomorphology. The emergence of hROs greatly deepens on the understanding of early development of human retina. Here, we reviewed the events of early retinal development both in animal embryos and hROs studies, which mainly comprises the formation of optic vesicle and optic cup shape, differentiation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), photoreceptor cells (PRs) and its supportive retinal pigment epithelium cells (RPE). We also discussed the classic and frontier molecular pathways up to date to decipher the underlying mechanisms of early development of human retina and hROs. Finally, we summarized the application prospect, challenges and cutting-edge techniques of hROs for uncovering the principles and mechanisms of retinal development and related developmental disorder. hROs is a priori selection for studying human retinal development and function and may be a fundamental tool for unlocking the unknown insight into retinal development and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Kang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lijuan Yan
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Sciences Research Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tresenrider A, Sridhar A, Eldred KC, Cuschieri S, Hoffer D, Trapnell C, Reh TA. Single-cell sequencing of individual retinal organoids reveals determinants of cell fate heterogeneity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.31.543087. [PMID: 37398481 PMCID: PMC10312535 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.31.543087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
With a critical need for more complete in vitro models of human development and disease, organoids hold immense potential. Their complex cellular composition makes single-cell sequencing of great utility; however, the limitation of current technologies to a handful of treatment conditions restricts their use in screens or studies of organoid heterogeneity. Here, we apply sci-Plex, a single-cell combinatorial indexing (sci)-based RNA-seq multiplexing method to retinal organoids. We demonstrate that sci-Plex and 10x methods produce highly concordant cell class compositions and then expand sci-Plex to analyze the cell class composition of 410 organoids upon modulation of critical developmental pathways. Leveraging individual organoid data, we develop a method to measure organoid heterogeneity, and we identify that activation of Wnt signaling early in retinal organoid cultures increases retinal cell classes up to six weeks later. Our data show sci-Plex's potential to dramatically scale-up the analysis of treatment conditions on relevant human models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Tresenrider
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Kiara C. Eldred
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sophia Cuschieri
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dawn Hoffer
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Allen Discovery Center for Cell Lineage Tracing, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Thomas A. Reh
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li R, Liu J, Yi P, Yang X, Chen J, Zhao C, Liao X, Wang X, Xu Z, Lu H, Li H, Zhang Z, Liu X, Xiang J, Hu K, Qi H, Yu J, Yang P, Hou S. Integrative Single-Cell Transcriptomics and Epigenomics Mapping of the Fetal Retina Developmental Dynamics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206623. [PMID: 37017569 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms that determine gene expression and chromatin accessibility in retinogenesis are poorly understood. Herein, single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing are performed on human embryonic eye samples obtained 9-26 weeks after conception to explore the heterogeneity of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) and neurogenic RPCs. The differentiation trajectory from RPCs to 7 major types of retinal cells are verified. Subsequently, diverse lineage-determining transcription factors are identified and their gene regulatory networks are refined at the transcriptomic and epigenomic levels. Treatment of retinospheres, with the inhibitor of RE1 silencing transcription factor, X5050, induces more neurogenesis with the regular arrangement, and a decrease in Müller glial cells. The signatures of major retinal cells and their correlation with pathogenic genes associated with multiple ocular diseases, including uveitis and age-related macular degeneration are also described. A framework for the integrated exploration of single-cell developmental dynamics of the human primary retina is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Jiangyi Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Xianli Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Xingyun Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Zongren Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Huiping Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Hongshun Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Xianyang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Xiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Ke Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of RNA and Hematopoietic Regulation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, P. R. China
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Shengping Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Temporal control of neuronal wiring. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 142:81-90. [PMID: 35644877 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Wiring an animal brain is a complex process involving a staggering number of cell-types born at different times and locations in the developing brain. Incorporation of these cells into precise circuits with high fidelity is critical for animal survival and behavior. Assembly of neuronal circuits is heavily dependent upon proper timing of wiring programs, requiring neurons to express specific sets of genes (sometimes transiently) at the right time in development. While cell-type specificity of genetic programs regulating wiring has been studied in detail, mechanisms regulating proper timing and coordination of these programs across cell-types are only just beginning to emerge. In this review, we discuss some temporal regulators of wiring programs and how their activity is controlled over time and space. A common feature emerges from these temporal regulators - they are induced by cell-extrinsic cues and control transcription factors capable of regulating a highly cell-type specific set of target genes. Target specificity in these contexts comes from cell-type specific transcription factors. We propose that the spatiotemporal specificity of wiring programs is controlled by the combinatorial activity of temporal programs and cell-type specific transcription factors. Going forward, a better understanding of temporal regulators will be key to understanding the mechanisms underlying brain wiring, and will be critical for the development of in vitro models like brain organoids.
Collapse
|
46
|
Pannetier P, Poulsen R, Gölz L, Coordes S, Stegeman H, Koegst J, Reger L, Braunbeck T, Hansen M, Baumann L. Reversibility of Thyroid Hormone System-Disrupting Effects on Eye and Thyroid Follicle Development in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:1276-1292. [PMID: 36920003 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Early vertebrate development is partially regulated by thyroid hormones (THs). Environmental pollutants that interact with the TH system (TH system-disrupting chemicals [THSDCs]) can have massively disrupting effects on this essential phase. Eye development of fish is directly regulated by THs and can, therefore, be used as a thyroid-related endpoint in endocrine disruptor testing. To evaluate the effects of THSDC-induced eye malformations during early development, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed for 5 days postfertilization (dpf) to either propylthiouracil, a TH synthesis inhibitor, or tetrabromobisphenol A, which interacts with TH receptors. Subsequently, one half of the embryos were exposed further to the THSDCs until 8 dpf, while the other half of the embryos were raised in clean water for 3 days to check for reversibility of effects. Continued THSDC exposure altered eye size and pigmentation and induced changes in the cellular structure of the retina. This correlated with morphological alterations of thyroid follicles as revealed by use of a transgenic zebrafish line. Interestingly, effects were partly reversible after a recovery period as short as 3 days. Results are consistent with changes in TH levels measured in different tissues of the embryos, for example, in the eyes. The results show that eye development in zebrafish embryos is very sensitive to THSDC treatment but able to recover quickly from early exposure by effective repair mechanisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1276-1292. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Pannetier
- Aquatic Ecology & Toxicology, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rikke Poulsen
- Environmental Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lisa Gölz
- Aquatic Ecology & Toxicology, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Coordes
- Aquatic Ecology & Toxicology, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Stegeman
- Aquatic Ecology & Toxicology, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Koegst
- Aquatic Ecology & Toxicology, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luisa Reger
- Aquatic Ecology & Toxicology, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology & Toxicology, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hansen
- Environmental Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lisa Baumann
- Aquatic Ecology & Toxicology, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Section on Environmental Health & Toxicology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gabriel E, Albanna W, Pasquini G, Ramani A, Josipovic N, Mariappan A, Riparbelli MG, Callaini G, Karch CM, Goureau O, Papantonis A, Busskamp V, Schneider T, Gopalakrishnan J. Generation of iPSC-derived human forebrain organoids assembling bilateral eye primordia. Nat Protoc 2023:10.1038/s41596-023-00814-x. [PMID: 37198320 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00814-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain organoids enable the developmental complexities of the human brain to be deconstructed. During embryogenesis, optic vesicles (OVs), the eye primordium attached to the forebrain, develop from diencephalon. However, most 3D culturing methods generate either brain or retinal organoids individually. Here we describe a protocol to generate organoids with both forebrain entities, which we call OV-containing brain organoids (OVB organoids). In this protocol, we first induce neural differentiation (days 0-5) and collect neurospheres, which we culture in a neurosphere medium to initiate their patterning and further self-assembly (days 5-10). Then, upon transfer to spinner flasks containing OVB medium (days 10-30), neurospheres develop into forebrain organoids with one or two pigmented dots restricted to one pole, displaying forebrain entities of ventral and dorsal cortical progenitors and preoptic areas. Further long-term culture results in photosensitive OVB organoids constituting complementary cell types of OVs, including primitive corneal epithelial and lens-like cells, retinal pigment epithelia, retinal progenitor cells, axon-like projections and electrically active neuronal networks. OVB organoids provide a system to help dissect interorgan interactions between the OVs as sensory organs and the brain as a processing unit, and can help model early eye patterning defects, including congenital retinal dystrophy. To conduct the protocol, experience in sterile cell culture and maintenance of human induced pluripotent stem cells is essential; theoretical knowledge of brain development is advantageous. Furthermore, specialized expertise in 3D organoid culture and imaging for the analysis is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elke Gabriel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Walid Albanna
- Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Giovanni Pasquini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anand Ramani
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natasa Josipovic
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aruljothi Mariappan
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Giuliano Callaini
- Department of Life Sciences and Medical Biotechnology University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Celeste M Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Olivier Goureau
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Busskamp
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Toni Schneider
- Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jay Gopalakrishnan
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Liu YV, Santiago CP, Sogunro A, Konar GJ, Hu MW, McNally MM, Lu YC, Flores-Bellver M, Aparicio-Domingo S, Li KV, Li ZL, Agakishiev D, Hadyniak SE, Hussey KA, Creamer TJ, Orzolek LD, Teng D, Canto-Soler MV, Qian J, Jiang Z, Johnston RJ, Blackshaw S, Singh MS. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of xenotransplanted human retinal organoids defines two migratory cell populations of nonretinal origin. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1138-1154. [PMID: 37163980 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human retinal organoid transplantation could potentially be a treatment for degenerative retinal diseases. How the recipient retina regulates the survival, maturation, and proliferation of transplanted organoid cells is unknown. We transplanted human retinal organoid-derived cells into photoreceptor-deficient mice and conducted histology and single-cell RNA sequencing alongside time-matched cultured retinal organoids. Unexpectedly, we observed human cells that migrated into all recipient retinal layers and traveled long distances. Using an unbiased approach, we identified these cells as astrocytes and brain/spinal cord-like neural precursors that were absent or rare in stage-matched cultured organoids. In contrast, retinal progenitor-derived rods and cones remained in the subretinal space, maturing more rapidly than those in the cultured controls. These data suggest that recipient microenvironment promotes the maturation of transplanted photoreceptors while inducing or facilitating the survival of migratory cell populations that are not normally derived from retinal progenitors. These findings have important implications for potential cell-based treatments of retinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying V Liu
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Clayton P Santiago
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Akin Sogunro
- Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gregory J Konar
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ming-Wen Hu
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Minda M McNally
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yu-Chen Lu
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Miguel Flores-Bellver
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Silvia Aparicio-Domingo
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kang V Li
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Zhuo-Lin Li
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dzhalal Agakishiev
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah E Hadyniak
- Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katarzyna A Hussey
- Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tyler J Creamer
- Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Linda D Orzolek
- Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Derek Teng
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Valeria Canto-Soler
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jiang Qian
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert J Johnston
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biology, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Seth Blackshaw
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Mandeep S Singh
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yu J, Yin Y, Leng Y, Zhang J, Wang C, Chen Y, Li X, Wang X, Liu H, Liao Y, Jin Y, Zhang Y, Lu K, Wang K, Wang X, Wang L, Zheng F, Gu Z, Li Y, Fan Y. Emerging strategies of engineering retinal organoids and organoid-on-a-chip in modeling intraocular drug delivery: current progress and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114842. [PMID: 37105398 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Retinal diseases are a rising concern as major causes of blindness in an aging society; therapeutic options are limited, and the precise pathogenesis of these diseases remains largely unknown. Intraocular drug delivery and nanomedicines offering targeted, sustained, and controllable delivery are the most challenging and popular topics in ocular drug development and toxicological evaluation. Retinal organoids (ROs) and organoid-on-a-chip (ROoC) are both emerging as promising in-vitro models to faithfully recapitulate human eyes for retinal research in the replacement of experimental animals and primary cells. In this study, we review the generation and application of ROs resembling the human retina in cell subtypes and laminated structures and introduce the emerging engineered ROoC as a technological opportunity to address critical issues. On-chip vascularization, perfusion, and close inter-tissue interactions recreate physiological environments in vitro, whilst integrating with biosensors facilitates real-time analysis and monitoring during organogenesis of the retina representing engineering efforts in ROoC models. We also emphasize that ROs and ROoCs hold the potential for applications in modeling intraocular drug delivery in vitro and developing next-generation retinal drug delivery strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuqi Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yubing Leng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingcheng Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Yanyun Chen
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaorui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yulong Liao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yishan Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Keyu Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kehao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fuyin Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Zhongze Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Yinghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China.
| | - Yubo Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, and with the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tan H, van Dijken S. Dynamic machine vision with retinomorphic photomemristor-reservoir computing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2169. [PMID: 37061543 PMCID: PMC10105772 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic machine vision requires recognizing the past and predicting the future of a moving object based on present vision. Current machine vision systems accomplish this by processing numerous image frames or using complex algorithms. Here, we report motion recognition and prediction in recurrent photomemristor networks. In our system, a retinomorphic photomemristor array, working as dynamic vision reservoir, embeds past motion frames as hidden states into the present frame through inherent dynamic memory. The informative present frame facilitates accurate recognition of past and prediction of future motions with machine learning algorithms. This in-sensor motion processing capability eliminates redundant data flows and promotes real-time perception of moving objects for dynamic machine vision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Tan
- NanoSpin, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland.
| | - Sebastiaan van Dijken
- NanoSpin, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|