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Zhu X, Wang H. Revisiting the role and mechanism of ELF3 in circadian clock modulation. Gene 2024; 913:148378. [PMID: 38490512 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The gene encoding EARLY FLOWERING3 (ELF3) is necessary for photoperiodic flowering and the normal regulation of circadian rhythms. It provides important information at the cellular level to uncover the biological mechanisms that improve plant growth and development. ELF3 interactions with transcription factors such as BROTHER OF LUX ARRHYTHMO (BOA), LIGHT-REGULATED WD1 (LWD1), PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4), PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 7 (PIF7), and LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX) suggest a role in evening complex (EC) independent pathways, demanding further investigation to elucidate the EC-dependent versus EC-independent mechanisms. The ELF3 regulation of flowering time about photoperiod and temperature variations can also optimize crop cultivation across diverse latitudes. In this review paper, we summarize how ELF3's role in the circadian clock and light-responsive flowering control in crops offers substantial potential for scientific advancement and practical applications in biotechnology and agriculture. Despite its essential role in crop adaptation, very little is known in many important crops. Consequently, comprehensive and targeted research is essential for extrapolating ELF3-related insights from Arabidopsis to other crops, utilizing both computational and experimental methodologies. This research should prioritize investigations into ELF3's protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications, and genomic targets to elucidate its contribution to accurate circadian clock regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzun Zhu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Changchun University, No.1 Weixinglu Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Hongtao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua, 950, Yucai Road, China.
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Huang Y, Lai X, Liu C, Zhu W, Hao Y, Zheng Z, Guo K. Overexpression of oHIOMT results in various morphological, anatomical, physiological and molecular changes in switchgrass. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1379756. [PMID: 38952842 PMCID: PMC11215127 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1379756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a molecule implicated in multiple biological functions, but exerts contrasting effects on plants owing to concentration differences. Hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase (HIOMT), which catalyzes the last step of melatonin synthesis, plays a crucial role in this context. Methods Transgenic switchgrass overexpressing oHIOMT with different melatonin levels displayed distinct morphological changes in a concentration-dependent manner. In this study, we divided the transgenic switchgrass into two groups: melatonin-moderate transgenic (MMT) plants and melatonin-rich transgenic (MRT) plants. To determine the concentration-dependent effect of melatonin on switchgrass growth and stress resistance, we conducted comparative morphological, physiological, omics and molecular analyses between MMT, MRT and wild-type (WT) plants. Results We found that oHIOMT overexpression, with moderate melatonin levels, was crucial in regulating switchgrass growth through changes in cell size rather than cell number. Moderate levels of melatonin were vital in regulating carbon fixation, stomatal development and chlorophyll metabolism. Regarding salt tolerance, melatonin with moderate levels activated numerous defense (e.g. morphological characteristics, anatomical structure, antioxidant enzymatic properties, non-enzymatic capacity and Na+/K+ homeostasis). Additionally, moderate levels of oHIOMT overexpression were sufficient to increase lignin content and alter monolignol compositions with an increase in the S/G lignin ratio. Discussion Taken together, oHIOMT overexpression in switchgrass with different melatonin levels resulted in morphological, anatomical, physiological and molecular changes in a concentration-dependent manner, which characterized by stimulation at low doses and inhibition at high doses. Our study presents new ideas and clues for further research on the mechanisms of the concentration-dependent effect of melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zehui Zheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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3
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Krysiak M, Węgrzyn A, Kowalewska Ł, Kulik A, Ostaszewska-Bugajska M, Mazur J, Garstka M, Mazur R. Light-independent pathway of STN7 kinase activation under low temperature stress in runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:513. [PMID: 38849759 PMCID: PMC11157908 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phosphorylation of the Light-Harvesting Complex of photosystem II (LHCII) driven by STATE TRANSITION 7 (STN7) kinase is a part of one of the crucial regulatory mechanisms of photosynthetic light reactions operating in fluctuating environmental conditions, light in particular. There are evidenced that STN7 can also be activated without light as well as in dark-chilling conditions. However, the biochemical mechanism standing behind this complex metabolic pathway has not been deciphered yet. RESULTS In this work, we showed that dark-chilling induces light-independent LHCII phosphorylation in runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.). In dark-chilling conditions, we registered an increased reduction of the PQ pool which led to activation of STN7 kinase, subsequent LHCII phosphorylation, and possible LHCII relocation inside the thylakoid membrane. We also presented the formation of a complex composed of phosphorylated LHCII and photosystem I typically formed upon light-induced phosphorylation. Moreover, we indicated that the observed steps were preceded by the activation of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) enzymes and starch accumulation. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a direct connection between photosynthetic complexes reorganization and dark-chilling-induced activation of the thioredoxin system. The proposed possible pathway starts from the activation of OPPP enzymes and further NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) activation. In the next steps, NTRC simultaneously activates ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and thylakoid membrane-located NAD(P)H dehydrogenase-like complex. These results in starch synthesis and electron transfer to the plastoquinone (PQ) pool, respectively. Reduced PQ pool activates STN7 kinase which phosphorylates LHCII. In this work, we present a new perspective on the mechanisms involving photosynthetic complexes while efficiently operating in the darkness. Although we describe the studied pathway in detail, taking into account also the time course of the following steps, the biological significance of this phenomenon remains puzzling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Krysiak
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Anna Węgrzyn
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Łucja Kowalewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Anna Kulik
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
| | - Monika Ostaszewska-Bugajska
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Jan Mazur
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Maciej Garstka
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Radosław Mazur
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland.
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Yu H, Liu P, Xu J, Wang T, Lu T, Gao J, Li Q, Jiang W. The Effects of Different Durations of Night-Time Supplementary Lighting on the Growth, Yield, Quality and Economic Returns of Tomato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1516. [PMID: 38891324 PMCID: PMC11174464 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
To achieve higher economic returns, we employ inexpensive valley electricity for night-time supplementary lighting (NSL) of tomato plants, investigating the effects of various durations of NSL on the growth, yield, and quality of tomato. Tomato plants were treated with supplementary light for a period of 0 h, 3 h, 4 h, and 5 h during the autumn-winter season. The findings revealed superior growth and yield of tomato plants exposed to 3 h, 4 h, and 5 h of NSL compared to their untreated counterparts. Notably, providing lighting for 3 h demonstrated greater yields per plant and per trough than 5 h exposure. To investigate if a reduced duration of NSL would display similar effects on the growth and yield of tomato plants, tomato plants received supplementary light for 0 h, 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h at night during the early spring season. Compared to the control group, the stem diameter, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate, and yield of tomatoes significantly increased upon supplementation with lighting. Furthermore, the input-output ratios of 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h NSL were calculated as 1:10.11, 1:4.38, and 1:3.92, respectively. Nonetheless, there was no detectable difference in yield between the 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h NSL groups. These findings imply that supplemental LED lighting at night affects tomato growth in the form of light signals. Night-time supplemental lighting duration of 1 h is beneficial to plant growth and yield, and its input-output ratio is the lowest, which is an appropriate NSL mode for tomato cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Yu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Y.); (P.L.); (J.X.); (T.W.); (T.L.)
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Y.); (P.L.); (J.X.); (T.W.); (T.L.)
| | - Jingcheng Xu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Y.); (P.L.); (J.X.); (T.W.); (T.L.)
- Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318014, China
| | - Tanyu Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Y.); (P.L.); (J.X.); (T.W.); (T.L.)
| | - Tao Lu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Y.); (P.L.); (J.X.); (T.W.); (T.L.)
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Y.); (P.L.); (J.X.); (T.W.); (T.L.)
| | - Weijie Jiang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.Y.); (P.L.); (J.X.); (T.W.); (T.L.)
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Buckley CR, Haydon MJ. Time for growth. Science 2024; 383:589-590. [PMID: 38330113 DOI: 10.1126/science.adn5189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Plants measure the duration of metabolic activity to promote rapid growth in long days.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael J Haydon
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Taylor SH. Phenotyping photosynthesis: yes we can. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:659-662. [PMID: 38307516 PMCID: PMC10837009 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
This article comments on:
Keller B, Soto J, Steier A, Portilla-Benavides AE, Raatz B, Studer B, Walter A, Muller O, Urban MO. 2024. Linking photosynthesis and yield reveals a strategy to improve light use efficiency in a climbing bean breeding population. Journal of Experimental Botany 75, 901–916.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H Taylor
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
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7
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Cox DTC, Gaston KJ. Ecosystem functioning across the diel cycle in the Anthropocene. Trends Ecol Evol 2024; 39:31-40. [PMID: 37723017 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Given the marked differences in environmental conditions and active biota between daytime and nighttime, it is almost inevitable that ecosystem functioning will also differ. However, understanding of these differences has been hampered due to the challenges of conducting research at night. At the same time, many anthropogenic pressures are most forcefully exerted or have greatest effect during either daytime (e.g., high temperatures, disturbance) or nighttime (e.g., artificial lighting, nights warming faster than days). Here, we explore current understanding of diel (daily) variation in five key ecosystem functions and when during the diel cycle they primarily occur [predation (unclear), herbivory (nighttime), pollination (daytime), seed dispersal (unclear), carbon assimilation (daytime)] and how diel asymmetry in anthropogenic pressures impacts these functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T C Cox
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK.
| | - Kevin J Gaston
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK
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Kim SC, Edgeworth KN, Nusinow DA, Wang X. Circadian clock factors regulate the first condensation reaction of fatty acid synthesis in Arabidopsis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113483. [PMID: 37995186 PMCID: PMC10842715 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates temporal metabolic activities, but how it affects lipid metabolism is poorly understood. Here, we show that the central clock regulators LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) regulate the initial step of fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in seeds was increased in LHY-overexpressing (LHY-OE) and decreased in lhycca1 plants. Metabolic tracking of lipids in developing seeds indicated that LHY enhanced FA synthesis. Transcript analysis revealed that the expression of genes involved in FA synthesis, including the one encoding β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III (KASIII), was oppositely changed in developing seeds of LHY/CCA1-OEs and lhycca1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, electrophoretic mobility shift, and transactivation assays indicated that LHY bound and activated the promoter of KASIII. Furthermore, phosphatidic acid, a metabolic precursor to TAG, inhibited LHY binding to KASIII promoter elements. Our data show a regulatory mechanism for plant lipid biosynthesis by the molecular clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Chul Kim
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Kristen N Edgeworth
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | | | - Xuemin Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA.
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de Barros Dantas LL, Eldridge BM, Dorling J, Dekeya R, Lynch DA, Dodd AN. Circadian regulation of metabolism across photosynthetic organisms. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:650-668. [PMID: 37531328 PMCID: PMC10953457 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Circadian regulation produces a biological measure of time within cells. The daily cycle in the availability of light for photosynthesis causes dramatic changes in biochemical processes in photosynthetic organisms, with the circadian clock having crucial roles in adaptation to these fluctuating conditions. Correct alignment between the circadian clock and environmental day-night cycles maximizes plant productivity through its regulation of metabolism. Therefore, the processes that integrate circadian regulation with metabolism are key to understanding how the circadian clock contributes to plant productivity. This forms an important part of exploiting knowledge of circadian regulation to enhance sustainable crop production. Here, we examine the roles of circadian regulation in metabolic processes in source and sink organ structures of Arabidopsis. We also evaluate possible roles for circadian regulation in root exudation processes that deposit carbon into the soil, and the nature of the rhythmic interactions between plants and their associated microbial communities. Finally, we examine shared and differing aspects of the circadian regulation of metabolism between Arabidopsis and other model photosynthetic organisms, and between circadian control of metabolism in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic organisms. This synthesis identifies a variety of future research topics, including a focus on metabolic processes that underlie biotic interactions within ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bethany M. Eldridge
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Jack Dorling
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Richard Dekeya
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Deirdre A. Lynch
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Antony N. Dodd
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
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Zhang Y, Xu P, Xue W, Zhu W, Yu X. Diurnal gene oscillations modulated by RNA metabolism in tomato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:728-743. [PMID: 37492018 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Diurnal rhythms are known to regulate the expression of a large number of genes, coordinating plant growth and development with diel changes in light and temperature. However, the impact of RNA metabolism on rhythmic gene oscillations in plant is not yet fully understood. To address this question, we performed transcriptome and degradome profiling on tomato leaves at 6 time points during one 24 h cycle, using RNA-seq and genome-wide mapping of uncapped and cleavage transcripts (GMUCT). Time-series profiling of RNA-seq revealed 9342 diurnal-oscillated genes, which were enriched in various metabolic processes. To quantify the general level of RNA degradation for each gene, we utilized the Proportion Uncapped (PU) metric, which represents the GMUCT/RNA-seq ratio. Oscillated PU analysis revealed that 3885 genes were regulated by rhythmic RNA degradation. The RNA decay of these diurnal genes was highly coordinated with mRNA downregulation during oscillation, highlighting the critical role of internal transcription-degradation balance in rhythmic gene oscillation. Furthermore, we identified 2190 genes undergoing co-translational RNA decay (CTRD) with 5' phosphate read ends enriched at the boundary of ribosomes stalling at translational termination sites. Interestingly, diurnal-changed mRNAs with large amplitudes tended to be co-translationally decay, suggesting that CTRD contributed to the rapid turnover of diurnal mRNAs. Finally, we also identified several genes, whose miRNA cleavage efficiency oscillated in a diurnal manner. Taken together, these findings uncovered the vital functions of RNA metabolism, including rhythmic RNA degradation, CTRD, and miRNA cleavage, in modulating the diurnal mRNA oscillations during diel change at post-transcriptional level in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Technology, The Protected Horticulture Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wanxin Xue
- Shanghai Yuanyi Seedling Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Weimin Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Technology, The Protected Horticulture Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Xue Z, Gao B, Chen G, Liu J, Ouyang W, Foda MF, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Zhang W, Guo M, Li X, Yi B. Diurnal oscillations of epigenetic modifications are associated with variation in rhythmic expression of homoeologous genes in Brassica napus. BMC Biol 2023; 21:241. [PMID: 37907908 PMCID: PMC10617162 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifications that exhibit circadian oscillations also promote circadian oscillations of gene expression. Brassica napus is a heterozygous polyploid species that has undergone distant hybridization and genome doubling events and has a young and distinct species origin. Studies incorporating circadian rhythm analysis of epigenetic modifications can offer new insights into differences in diurnal oscillation behavior among subgenomes and the regulation of diverse expressions of homologous gene rhythms in biological clocks. RESULTS In this study, we created a high-resolution and multioscillatory gene expression dataset, active histone modification (H3K4me3, H3K9ac), and RNAPII recruitment in Brassica napus. We also conducted the pioneering characterization of the diurnal rhythm of transcription and epigenetic modifications in an allopolyploid species. We compared the evolution of diurnal rhythms between subgenomes and observed that the Cn subgenome had higher diurnal oscillation activity in both transcription and active histone modifications than the An subgenome. Compared to the A subgenome in Brassica rapa, the An subgenome of Brassica napus displayed significant changes in diurnal oscillation characteristics of transcription. Homologous gene pairs exhibited a higher proportion of diurnal oscillation in transcription than subgenome-specific genes, attributed to higher chromatin accessibility and abundance of active epigenetic modification types. We found that the diurnal expression of homologous genes displayed diversity, and the redundancy of the circadian system resulted in extensive changes in the diurnal rhythm characteristics of clock genes after distant hybridization and genome duplication events. Epigenetic modifications influenced the differences in the diurnal rhythm of homologous gene expression, and the diurnal oscillation of homologous gene expression was affected by the combination of multiple histone modifications. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we presented, for the first time, a characterization of the diurnal rhythm characteristics of gene expression and its epigenetic modifications in an allopolyploid species. Our discoveries shed light on the epigenetic factors responsible for the diurnal oscillation activity imbalance between subgenomes and homologous genes' rhythmic expression differences. The comprehensive time-series dataset we generated for gene expression and epigenetic modifications provides a valuable resource for future investigations into the regulatory mechanisms of protein-coding genes in Brassica napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Baibai Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Guoting Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, 332900, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weizhi Ouyang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Mohamed Frahat Foda
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Qalyubiyya, Egypt
| | - Qing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xingwang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Rapeseed, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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Graham CA, Paajanen P, Edwards KJ, Dodd AN. Genome-wide circadian gating of a cold temperature response in bread wheat. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010947. [PMID: 37721961 PMCID: PMC10538658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms coordinate the responses of organisms with their daily fluctuating environments, by establishing a temporal program of gene expression. This schedules aspects of metabolism, physiology, development and behaviour according to the time of day. Circadian regulation in plants is extremely pervasive, and is important because it underpins both productivity and seasonal reproduction. Circadian regulation extends to the control of environmental responses through a regulatory process known as circadian gating. Circadian gating is the process whereby the circadian clock regulates the response to an environmental cue, such that the magnitude of response to an identical cue varies according to the time of day of the cue. Here, we show that there is genome-wide circadian gating of responses to cold temperatures in plants. By using bread wheat as an experimental model, we establish that circadian gating is crucial to the programs of gene expression that underlie the environmental responses of a crop of major socioeconomic importance. Furthermore, we identify that circadian gating of cold temperature responses are distributed unevenly across the three wheat subgenomes, which might reflect the geographical origins of the ancestors of modern wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum A. Graham
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Life Sciences Building, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Pirita Paajanen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Keith J. Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Life Sciences Building, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Antony N. Dodd
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
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Scandola S, Mehta D, Castillo B, Boyce N, Uhrig RG. Systems-level proteomics and metabolomics reveals the diel molecular landscape of diverse kale cultivars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1170448. [PMID: 37575922 PMCID: PMC10421703 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1170448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Kale is a group of diverse Brassicaceae species that are nutritious leafy greens consumed for their abundance of vitamins and micronutrients. Typified by their curly, serrated and/or wavy leaves, kale varieties have been primarily defined based on their leaf morphology and geographic origin, despite having complex genetic backgrounds. Kale is a very promising crop for vertical farming due to its high nutritional content; however, being a non-model organism, foundational, systems-level analyses of kale are lacking. Previous studies in kale have shown that time-of-day harvesting can affect its nutritional composition. Therefore, to gain a systems-level diel understanding of kale across its wide-ranging and diverse genetic landscape, we selected nine publicly available and commercially grown kale cultivars for growth under near-sunlight LED light conditions ideal for vertical farming. We then analyzed changes in morphology, growth and nutrition using a combination of plant phenotyping, proteomics and metabolomics. As the diel molecular activities of plants drive their daily growth and development, ultimately determining their productivity as a crop, we harvested kale leaf tissue at both end-of-day (ED) and end-of-night (EN) time-points for all molecular analyses. Our results reveal that diel proteome and metabolome signatures divide the selected kale cultivars into two groups defined by their amino acid and sugar content, along with significant proteome differences involving carbon and nitrogen metabolism, mRNA splicing, protein translation and light harvesting. Together, our multi-cultivar, multi-omic analysis provides new insights into the molecular underpinnings of the diel growth and development landscape of kale, advancing our fundamental understanding of this nutritious leafy green super-food for horticulture/vertical farming applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - R. Glen Uhrig
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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14
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Li J, Qiu JX, Zeng QH, Zhang N, Xu SX, Jin J, Dong ZC, Chen L, Huang W. OsTOC1 plays dual roles in the regulation of plant circadian clock by functioning as a direct transcription activator or repressor. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112765. [PMID: 37421622 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant clock function relies on precise timing of gene expression through complex regulatory networks consisting of activators and repressors at the core of oscillators. Although TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (TOC1) has been recognized as a repressor involved in shaping oscillations and regulating clock-driven processes, its potential to directly activate gene expression remains unclear. In this study, we find that OsTOC1 primarily acts as a transcriptional repressor for core clock components, including OsLHY and OsGI. Here, we show that OsTOC1 possesses the ability to directly activate the expression of circadian target genes. Through binding to the promoters of OsTGAL3a/b, transient activation of OsTOC1 induces the expression of OsTGAL3a/b, indicating its role as an activator contributing to pathogen resistance. Moreover, TOC1 participates in regulating multiple yield-related traits in rice. These findings suggest that TOC1's function as a transcriptional repressor is not inherent, providing flexibility to circadian regulations, particularly in outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Xin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Hua Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Xuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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15
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Buckley CR, Li X, Martí MC, Haydon MJ. A bittersweet symphony: Metabolic signals in the circadian system. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 73:102333. [PMID: 36640635 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants must match their metabolism to daily and seasonal fluctuations in their environment to maximise performance in natural conditions. Circadian clocks enable organisms to anticipate and adapt to these predictable and unpredictable environmental challenges. Metabolism is increasingly recognised as an integrated feature of the plant circadian system. Metabolism is an important circadian-regulated output but also provides input to this dynamic timekeeping mechanism. The spatial organisation of metabolism within cells and between tissues, and the temporal features of metabolism across days, seasons and development, raise interesting questions about how metabolism influences circadian timekeeping. The various mechanisms by which metabolic signals influence the transcription-translation feedback loops of the circadian oscillator are emerging. These include roles for major metabolic signalling pathways, various retrograde signals, and direct metabolic modifications of clock genes or proteins. Such metabolic feedback loops enable intra- and intercellular coordination of rhythmic metabolism, and recent discoveries indicate these contribute to diverse aspects of daily, developmental and seasonal timekeeping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiang Li
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - María Carmen Martí
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centre of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), 30110 Murcia, Spain
| | - Michael J Haydon
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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16
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Xu H, Wang X, Wei J, Zuo Y, Wang L. The Regulatory Networks of the Circadian Clock Involved in Plant Adaptation and Crop Yield. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091897. [PMID: 37176955 PMCID: PMC10181312 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Global climatic change increasingly threatens plant adaptation and crop yields. By synchronizing internal biological processes, including photosynthesis, metabolism, and responses to biotic and abiotic stress, with external environmental cures, such as light and temperature, the circadian clock benefits plant adaptation and crop yield. In this review, we focus on the multiple levels of interaction between the plant circadian clock and environmental factors, and we summarize recent progresses on how the circadian clock affects yield. In addition, we propose potential strategies for better utilizing the current knowledge of circadian biology in crop production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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17
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Chen K, Su X, Yang H, Peng Y, Wu L, Zhao Z, Lin T, Bai L, Wang L. Multi-omics analyses reveal the crosstalk between the circadian clock and the response to herbicide application in Oryza sativa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1155258. [PMID: 37035069 PMCID: PMC10080033 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1155258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved circadian clock systems that enable biological processes to occur in tandem with periodic changes in the environment. However, it is largely unknown whether crosstalk occurs between the circadian clock and the response to herbicide in rice. We identified 19 conserved rhythmic metabolites which were response to pesticide application and their metabolic abundance peaked mainly at ZT2 or ZT14-ZT18. We found a series of glyphosate, s-Metolachlor, fenclorim, metcamifen and GA3 response genes were expressed following stable circadian rhythms. In order to determine the patterns of their temporal expression, co-expression network analysis was done on 10,467 genes that were periodically expressed throughout a 24-hour period. Next, we identified 4,031 potential direct target genes of OsCCA1 in using DAP-seq data for OsCCA1. Of these, 339, 22, 53, 53 and 63 genes showed a response to glyphosate, s-Metolachlor, fenclorim, metcamifen and GA3 application, respectively. And they were mainly phased from dusk to midnight. Interestingly, we identified significant OsCCA1 binding peaks in the promoter regions of four herbicide resistance genes, including OsCYP81A12, OsCYP81E22, OsCYP76C2, and OsCYP76C4. Finally, we found that herbicide application could affects the expression of some of the central oscillator genes of the rice circadian clock. Here, we used multi-omics data to reveal the crosstalk between the circadian clock and herbicide response processes at the epigenomics, transcriptome, and metabolome levels in rice. This work will serve as a theoretical guide for identifying rhythmic herbicide targets, leading to the creation of new herbicides or the breeding of crops resistant to herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Huangpu Research Institute of Longping Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haona Yang
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Huangpu Research Institute of Longping Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Peng
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Huangpu Research Institute of Longping Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lamei Wu
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Huangpu Research Institute of Longping Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghong Zhao
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Huangpu Research Institute of Longping Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lianyang Bai
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Huangpu Research Institute of Longping Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Huangpu Research Institute of Longping Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Huang Y, Kamal R, Shanmugaraj N, Rutten T, Thirulogachandar V, Zhao S, Hoffie I, Hensel G, Rajaraman J, Moya YAT, Hajirezaei MR, Himmelbach A, Poursarebani N, Lundqvist U, Kumlehn J, Stein N, von Wirén N, Mascher M, Melzer M, Schnurbusch T. A molecular framework for grain number determination in barley. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd0324. [PMID: 36867700 PMCID: PMC9984178 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flowering plants with indeterminate inflorescences often produce more floral structures than they require. We found that floral primordia initiations in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) are molecularly decoupled from their maturation into grains. While initiation is dominated by flowering-time genes, floral growth is specified by light signaling, chloroplast, and vascular developmental programs orchestrated by barley CCT MOTIF FAMILY 4 (HvCMF4), which is expressed in the inflorescence vasculature. Consequently, mutations in HvCMF4 increase primordia death and pollination failure, mainly through reducing rachis greening and limiting plastidial energy supply to developing heterotrophic floral tissues. We propose that HvCMF4 is a sensory factor for light that acts in connection with the vascular-localized circadian clock to coordinate floral initiation and survival. Notably, stacking beneficial alleles for both primordia number and survival provides positive implications on grain production. Our findings provide insights into the molecular underpinnings of grain number determination in cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyu Huang
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Roop Kamal
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Nandhakumar Shanmugaraj
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Twan Rutten
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Venkatasubbu Thirulogachandar
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Iris Hoffie
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Goetz Hensel
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Jeyaraman Rajaraman
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Yudelsy Antonia Tandron Moya
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Axel Himmelbach
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Naser Poursarebani
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | | | - Jochen Kumlehn
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Nils Stein
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Martin Mascher
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Melzer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schnurbusch
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, 06120 Halle, Germany
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19
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Liu Z, Liu W, Wang Z, Qi K, Xie Z, Zhang S, Wu J, Wang P. Diurnal transcriptome dynamics reveal the photoperiod response of Pyrus. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13893. [PMID: 36929905 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photoperiod provides a key environmental signal that controls plant growth. Plants have evolved an integrated mechanism for sensing photoperiods with internal clocks to orchestrate physiological events. This mechanism has been identified to enable timely plant growth and improve fitness. Although the components and pathways underlying photoperiod regulation have been described in many species, diurnal patterns of gene expression at the genome-wide level under different photoperiods are rarely reported in perennial fruit trees. To explore the global gene expression in response to photoperiod, pear plants were cultured under long-day (LD) and short-day (SD) conditions. A time-series transcriptomic study was implemented using LD and SD samples collected at 4 h intervals over 2 days. We identified 13,677 rhythmic genes, of which 7639 were identified under LD and 10,557 under SD conditions. Additionally, 4674 genes were differentially expressed in response to photoperiod change. We also characterized the candidate homologs of clock-associated genes in pear. Clock genes were involved in the regulation of many processes throughout the day, including photosynthesis, stress response, hormone dynamics, and secondary metabolism. Strikingly, genes within photosynthesis-related pathways were enriched in both the rhythmic and differential expression analyses. Several key candidate genes were identified to be associated with regulating photosynthesis and improving productivity under different photoperiods. The results suggest that temporal variation in gene expression should not be ignored in pear gene function research. Overall, our work expands the understanding of photoperiod regulation of plant growth, particularly by extending the research to non-model trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Weijuan Liu
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangqing Wang
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaijie Qi
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihua Xie
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Juyou Wu
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
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20
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Wittern L, Steed G, Taylor LJ, Ramirez DC, Pingarron-Cardenas G, Gardner K, Greenland A, Hannah MA, Webb AAR. Wheat EARLY FLOWERING 3 affects heading date without disrupting circadian oscillations. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1383-1403. [PMID: 36454669 PMCID: PMC9922389 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant breeders have indirectly selected for variation at circadian-associated loci in many of the world's major crops, when breeding to increase yield and improve crop performance. Using an eight-parent Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) population, we investigated how variation in circadian clock-associated genes contributes to the regulation of heading date in UK and European winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties. We identified homoeologues of EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) as candidates for the Earliness per se (Eps) D1 and B1 loci under field conditions. We then confirmed a single-nucleotide polymorphism within the coding region of TaELF3-B1 as a candidate polymorphism underlying the Eps-B1 locus. We found that a reported deletion at the Eps-D1 locus encompassing TaELF3-D1 is, instead, an allele that lies within an introgression region containing an inversion relative to the Chinese Spring D genome. Using Triticum turgidum cv. Kronos carrying loss-of-function alleles of TtELF3, we showed that ELF3 regulates heading, with loss of a single ELF3 homoeologue sufficient to alter heading date. These studies demonstrated that ELF3 forms part of the circadian oscillator; however, the loss of all homoeologues was required to affect circadian rhythms. Similarly, loss of functional LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX) in T. aestivum, an orthologue of a protein partner of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ELF3, severely disrupted circadian rhythms. ELF3 and LUX transcripts are not co-expressed at dusk, suggesting that the structure of the wheat circadian oscillator might differ from that of Arabidopsis. Our demonstration that alterations to ELF3 homoeologues can affect heading date separately from effects on the circadian oscillator suggests a role for ELF3 in cereal photoperiodic responses that could be selected for without pleiotropic deleterious alterations to circadian rhythms.
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21
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Michael TP. Time of Day Analysis over a Field Grown Developmental Time Course in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:166. [PMID: 36616295 PMCID: PMC9823482 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants integrate time of day (TOD) information over an entire season to ensure optimal growth, flowering time, and grain fill. However, most TOD expression studies have focused on a limited number of combinations of daylength and temperature under laboratory conditions. Here, an Oryza sativa (rice) expression study that followed TOD expression in the field over an entire growing season was re-analyzed. Similar to Arabidopsis thaliana, almost all rice genes have a TOD-specific expression over the developmental time course. As has been suggested in other grasses, thermocycles were a stronger cue for TOD expression than the photocycles over the growing season. All the core circadian clock genes display consistent TOD expression over the season with the interesting exception that the two grass paralogs of EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) display a distinct phasing based on the interaction between thermo- and photo-cycles. The dataset also revealed how specific pathways are modulated to distinct TOD over the season consistent with the changing biology. The data presented here provide a resource for researchers to study how TOD expression changes under natural conditions over a developmental time course, which will guide approaches to engineer more resilient and prolific crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd P Michael
- The Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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22
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Xu X. Editorial: Plant circadian rhythms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1109900. [PMID: 36582648 PMCID: PMC9793078 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1109900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
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23
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Li X, Buckley CR, Haydon MJ. Rhythms of chloroplast magnesium import contribute to daily metabolic feedback. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1659-1661. [PMID: 36221856 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Michael J Haydon
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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24
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The wheat clock strikes a balance across subgenomes to regulate gene expression. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001825. [PMID: 36240153 PMCID: PMC9565369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing crop yields is complicated by the polyploid nature of our major crops. This Primer explores the implications of a PLOS Biology study that provides a transcriptomic view of the influence of the circadian clock on agriculturally relevant traits in the polyploid bread wheat.
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25
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Zhou H, Hua J, Zhang J, Luo S. Negative Interactions Balance Growth and Defense in Plants Confronted with Herbivores or Pathogens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12723-12732. [PMID: 36165611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a series of defensive mechanisms against pathogens and herbivores, but the defense response always leads to decreases in growth or reproduction, which has serious implications for agricultural production. Growth and defense are negatively regulated not only through metabolic consumption but also through the antagonism of different phytohormones, such as jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). Meanwhile, plants can limit the expression of defensive metabolites to reduce the costs of defense by producing constitutive defenses such as glandular trichomes or latex and accumulating specific metabolites, determining the activation of plant defense or the maintenance of plant growth. Interestingly, plant defense pathways might be prepared in advance which may be transmitted to descendants. Plants can also use external organisms to protect themselves, thus minimizing the costs of defense. In addition, plant relatives exhibit cooperation to deal with pathogens and herbivores, which is also a way to regulate growth and defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Juan Hua
- Key Laboratory of Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shihong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
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26
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Red Light Resets the Expression Pattern, Phase, and Period of the Circadian Clock in Plants: A Computational Approach. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101479. [PMID: 36290383 PMCID: PMC9598827 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Progress in computational biology has provided a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of the plant circadian clock. Previously proposed models of the plant circadian clock have intended to model its entrainment using white-light/dark cycles. However, these models have failed to take into account the effect of light quality on circadian rhythms, which has been experimentally observed. In this work, we developed a computational approach to characterizing the effects of light quality on plant circadian rhythms. The results demonstrated that red light can reset the expression patterns, phases, and periods of clock component genes. The circadian period, amplitude, and phase can be co-optimized for high-quality and efficient breeding. Abstract Recent research in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology has shown that different light qualities have extremely different effects on plant development, and optimizing light quality conditions can speed up plant growth. Clock-regulated red-light signaling, can enhance hypocotyl elongation, and increase seedling height and flower and fruit productivity. In order to investigate the effect of red light on circadian clocks in plants, a novel computational model was established. The expression profiles of the circadian element CCA1 from previous related studies were used to fit the model. The simulation results were validated by the expression patterns of CCA1 in Arabidopsis, including wild types and mutants, and by the phase shifts of CCA1 after red-light pulse. The model was used to further explore the complex responses to various photoperiods, such as the natural white-light/dark cycles, red/white/dark cycles, and extreme 24 h photoperiods. These results demonstrated that red light can reset the expression pattern, period, and phase of the circadian clock. Finally, we identified the dependence of phase shifts on the length of red-light pulse and the minimum red-light pulse length required for producing an observable phase shift. This work provides a promising computational approach to investigating the response of the circadian clock to other light qualities.
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Chen CQ, Tian XY, Li J, Bai S, Zhang ZY, Li Y, Cao HR, Chen ZC. Two central circadian oscillators OsPRR59 and OsPRR95 modulate magnesium homeostasis and carbon fixation in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1602-1614. [PMID: 36114668 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis, which provides oxygen and energy for all living organisms, is circadian regulated. Photosynthesis-associated metabolism must tightly coordinate with the circadian clock to maximize the efficiency of the light-energy capture and carbon fixation. However, the molecular basis for the interplay of photosynthesis and the circadian clock is not fully understood, particularly in crop plants. Here, we report two central oscillator genes of circadian clock, OsPRR95 and OsPRR59 in rice, which function as transcriptional repressors to negatively regulate the rhythmic expression of OsMGT3 encoding a chloroplast-localized Mg2+ transporter. OsMGT3-dependent rhythmic Mg fluctuations modulate carbon fixation and consequent sugar output in rice chloroplasts. Furthermore, sugar triggers the increase of superoxide, which may act as a feedback signal to positively regulate the expression of OsPRR95 and OsPRR59. Taken together, our results reveal a negative-feedback loop that strengthens the crosstalk between photosynthetic carbon fixation and the circadian clock, which may improve plan adaptation and performance in fluctuating environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Qu Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin-Yue Tian
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Shuang Bai
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhuo-Yan Zhang
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong-Rui Cao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhi-Chang Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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28
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Wei H, Xu H, Su C, Wang X, Wang L. Rice CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 transcriptionally regulates ABA signaling to confer multiple abiotic stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1057-1073. [PMID: 35512208 PMCID: PMC9516778 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock facilitates the survival and reproduction of crop plants under harsh environmental conditions such as drought and osmotic and salinity stresses, mainly by reprogramming the endogenous transcriptional landscape. Nevertheless, the genome-wide roles of core clock components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) abiotic stress tolerance are largely uncharacterized. Here, we report that CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (OsCCA1), a vital clock component in rice, is required for tolerance to salinity, osmotic, and drought stresses. DNA affinity purification sequencing coupled with transcriptome analysis identified 692 direct transcriptional target genes of OsCCA1. Among them, the genes involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, including group A protein phosphatase 2C genes and basic region and leucine zipper 46 (OsbZIP46), were substantially enriched. Moreover, OsCCA1 could directly bind the promoters of OsPP108 and OsbZIP46 to activate their expression. Consistently, oscca1 null mutants generated via genome editing displayed enhanced sensitivities to ABA signaling. Together, our findings illustrate that OsCCA1 confers multiple abiotic stress tolerance likely by orchestrating ABA signaling, which links the circadian clock with ABA signaling in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Su
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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29
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Michael TP. Core circadian clock and light signaling genes brought into genetic linkage across the green lineage. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1037-1056. [PMID: 35674369 PMCID: PMC9516744 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock is conserved at both the level of transcriptional networks as well as core genes in plants, ensuring that biological processes are phased to the correct time of day. In the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the core circadian SHAQKYF-type-MYB (sMYB) genes CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) and REVEILLE (RVE4) show genetic linkage with PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 9 (PRR9) and PRR7, respectively. Leveraging chromosome-resolved plant genomes and syntenic ortholog analysis enabled tracing this genetic linkage back to Amborella trichopoda, a sister lineage to the angiosperm, and identifying an additional evolutionarily conserved genetic linkage in light signaling genes. The LHY/CCA1-PRR5/9, RVE4/8-PRR3/7, and PIF3-PHYA genetic linkages emerged in the bryophyte lineage and progressively moved within several genes of each other across an array of angiosperm families representing distinct whole-genome duplication and fractionation events. Soybean (Glycine max) maintained all but two genetic linkages, and expression analysis revealed the PIF3-PHYA linkage overlapping with the E4 maturity group locus was the only pair to robustly cycle with an evening phase, in contrast to the sMYB-PRR morning and midday phase. While most monocots maintain the genetic linkages, they have been lost in the economically important grasses (Poaceae), such as maize (Zea mays), where the genes have been fractionated to separate chromosomes and presence/absence variation results in the segregation of PRR7 paralogs across heterotic groups. The environmental robustness model is put forward, suggesting that evolutionarily conserved genetic linkages ensure superior microhabitat pollinator synchrony, while wide-hybrids or unlinking the genes, as seen in the grasses, result in heterosis, adaptation, and colonization of new ecological niches.
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30
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Maeda AE, Nakamichi N. Plant clock modifications for adapting flowering time to local environments. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:952-967. [PMID: 35266545 PMCID: PMC9516756 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
During and after the domestication of crops from ancestral wild plants, humans selected cultivars that could change their flowering time in response to seasonal daylength. Continuous selection of this trait eventually allowed the introduction of crops into higher or lower latitudes and different climates from the original regions where domestication initiated. In the past two decades, numerous studies have found the causal genes or alleles that change flowering time and have assisted in adapting crop species such as barley (Hordeum vulgare), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), maize (Zea mays spp. mays), and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) to new environments. This updated review summarizes the genes or alleles that contributed to crop adaptation in different climatic areas. Many of these genes are putative orthologs of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) core clock genes. We also discuss how knowledge of the clock's molecular functioning can facilitate molecular breeding in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari E Maeda
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norihito Nakamichi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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31
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Wang S, Steed G, Webb AAR. Circadian entrainment in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:981-993. [PMID: 35512209 PMCID: PMC9516740 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks coordinate physiology and development as an adaption to the oscillating day/night cycle caused by the rotation of Earth on its axis and the changing length of day and night away from the equator caused by orbiting the sun. Circadian clocks confer advantages by entraining to rhythmic environmental cycles to ensure that internal events within the plant occur at the correct time with respect to the cyclic external environment. Advances in determining the structure of circadian oscillators and the pathways that allow them to respond to light, temperature, and metabolic signals have begun to provide a mechanistic insight to the process of entrainment in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We describe the concepts of entrainment and how it occurs. It is likely that a thorough mechanistic understanding of the genetic and physiological basis of circadian entrainment will provide opportunities for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouming Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
- School of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
| | - Gareth Steed
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
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32
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Harmer SL, Fankhauser C, Webb AAR. Focus on circadian rhythms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:921-923. [PMID: 35900174 PMCID: PMC9516718 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Fankhauser
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Génopode Building, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Alex A R Webb
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
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33
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Hotta CT. The evolution and function of the PSEUDO RESPONSE REGULATOR gene family in the plant circadian clock. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20220137. [PMID: 36125163 PMCID: PMC9486492 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PSEUDO-RESPONSE PROTEINS (PRRs) are a gene
family vital for the generation of rhythms by the circadian clock. Plants have
circadian clocks, or circadian oscillators, to adapt to a rhythmic environment.
The circadian clock system can be divided into three parts: the core oscillator,
the input pathways, and the output pathways. The PRRs have a role in all three
parts. These nuclear proteins have an N-terminal pseudo receiver domain and a
C-terminal CONSTANS, CONSTANS-LIKE, and TOC1 (CCT) domain. The PRRs can be
identified from green algae to monocots, ranging from one to >5 genes per
species. Arabidopsis thaliana, for example, has five genes:
PRR9, PRR7, PRR5,
PRR3 and TOC1/PRR1. The
PRR genes can be divided into three clades using protein
homology: TOC1/PRR1, PRR7/3, and PRR9/5 expanded independently in eudicots and
monocots. The PRRs can make protein complexes and bind to DNA, and the wide
variety of protein-protein interactions are essential for the multiple roles in
the circadian clock. In this review, the history of PRR research is briefly
recapitulated, and the diversity of PRR genes in green and recent works about
their role in the circadian clock are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Takeshi Hotta
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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34
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Zhou J, Liu C, Chen Q, Liu L, Niu S, Chen R, Li K, Sun Y, Shi Y, Yang C, Shen S, Li Y, Xing J, Yuan H, Liu X, Fang C, Fernie AR, Luo J. Integration of rhythmic metabolome and transcriptome provides insights into the transmission of rhythmic fluctuations and temporal diversity of metabolism in rice. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1794-1810. [PMID: 35287184 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Various aspects of the organisms adapt to cyclically changing environmental conditions via transcriptional regulation. However, the role of rhythmicity in altering the global aspects of metabolism is poorly characterized. Here, we subjected four rice (Oryza sativa) varieties to a range of metabolic profiles and RNA-seq to investigate the temporal relationships of rhythm between transcription and metabolism. More than 40% of the rhythmic genes and a quarter of metabolites conservatively oscillated across four rice accessions. Compared with the metabolome, the transcriptome was more strongly regulated by rhythm; however, the rhythm of metabolites had an obvious opposite trend between day and night. Through association analysis, the time delay of rhythmic transmission from the transcript to the metabolite level was ∼4 h under long-day conditions, although the transmission was nearly synchronous for carbohydrate and nucleotide metabolism. The rhythmic accumulation of metabolites maintained highly coordinated temporal relationships in the metabolic network, whereas the correlation of some rhythmic metabolites, such as branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), was significantly different intervariety. We further demonstrated that the cumulative diversity of BCAAs was due to the differential expression of branched-chain aminotransferase 2 at dawn. Our research reveals the flexible pattern of rice metabolic rhythm existing with conservation and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhou
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Chengyuan Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Qiyu Chen
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Shuying Niu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Ridong Chen
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Kang Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Yuheng Shi
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Chenkun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuangqian Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yufei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Junwei Xing
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Honglun Yuan
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Xianqing Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Chuanying Fang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 144776, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
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35
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Kidokoro S, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. Transcriptional regulatory network of plant cold-stress responses. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:922-935. [PMID: 35210165 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the complex and flexible transcriptional regulatory network involved in cold-stress responses. Focusing on two major signaling pathways that respond to cold stress, we outline current knowledge of the transcriptional regulatory network and the post-translational regulation of transcription factors in the network. Cold-stress signaling pathways are closely associated with other signaling pathways such as those related to the circadian clock, and large amounts of data on their crosstalk and tradeoffs are available. However, it remains unknown how plants sense and transmit cold-stress signals to regulate gene expression. We discuss recent reports on cold-stress sensing and associated signaling pathways that regulate the network. We also emphasize future directions for developing abiotic stress-tolerant crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kidokoro
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
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36
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Pei S, Liu Y, Li W, Krichilsky B, Dai S, Wang Y, Wang X, Johnson DM, Crawford BM, Swift GB, Vo-Dinh T, Pei ZM, Yuan F. OSCA1 is an osmotic specific sensor: a method to distinguish Ca 2+ -mediated osmotic and ionic perception. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1665-1678. [PMID: 35527515 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Genetic mutants defective in stimulus-induced Ca2+ increases have been gradually isolated, allowing the identification of cell-surface sensors/receptors, such as the osmosensor OSCA1. However, determining the Ca2+ -signaling specificity to various stimuli in these mutants remains a challenge. For instance, less is known about the exact selectivity between osmotic and ionic stresses in the osca1 mutant. Here, we have developed a method to distinguish the osmotic and ionic effects by analyzing Ca2+ increases, and demonstrated that osca1 is impaired primarily in Ca2+ increases induced by the osmotic but not ionic stress. We recorded Ca2+ increases induced by sorbitol (osmotic effect, OE) and NaCl/CaCl2 (OE + ionic effect, IE) in Arabidopsis wild-type and osca1 seedlings. We assumed the NaCl/CaCl2 total effect (TE) = OE + IE, then developed procedures for Ca2+ imaging, image analysis and mathematic fitting/modeling, and found osca1 defects mainly in OE. The osmotic specificity of osca1 suggests that osmotic and ionic perceptions are independent. The precise estimation of these two stress effects is applicable not only to new Ca2+ -signaling mutants with distinct stimulus specificity but also the complex Ca2+ signaling crosstalk among multiple concurrent stresses that occur naturally, and will enable us to specifically fine tune multiple signal pathways to improve crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyu Pei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Yuantao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Wenke Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | | | - Shiwen Dai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | | | - Bridget M Crawford
- Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Gary B Swift
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Zhen-Ming Pei
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
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37
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Nakamichi N, Yamaguchi J, Sato A, Fujimoto KJ, Ota E. Chemical biology to dissect molecular mechanisms underlying plant circadian clocks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1336-1343. [PMID: 35661165 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks regulate the diel rhythmic physiological activities of plants, enabling them to anticipate and adapt to day-night and seasonal changes. Genetic and biochemical approaches have suggested that transcription-translation feedback loops (TTFL) are crucial for Arabidopsis clock function. Recently, the study of chemical chronobiology has emerged as a discipline within the circadian clock field, with important and complementary discoveries from both plant and animal research. In this review, we introduce recent advances in chemical biology using small molecules to perturb plant circadian clock function through TTFL components. Studies using small molecule clock modulators have been instrumental for revealing the role of post-translational modification in the clock, or the metabolite-dependent clock input pathway, as well as for controlling clock-dependent flowering time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihito Nakamichi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Ayato Sato
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro J Fujimoto
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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Zeng Y, Yang J, Chen J, Pu X, Li X, Yang X, Yang L, Ding Y, Nong M, Zhang S, He J. Actional Mechanisms of Active Ingredients in Functional Food Adlay for Human Health. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154808. [PMID: 35956759 PMCID: PMC9369982 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal and food homologous adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) plays an important role in natural products promoting human health. We demonstrated the systematic actional mechanism of functional ingredients in adlay to promote human health, based on the PubMed, CNKI, Google, and ISI Web of Science databases from 1988 to 2022. Adlay and its extracts are rich in 30 ingredients with more than 20 health effects based on human and animal or cell cultures: they are anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, liver protective, anti-virus, gastroprotective, cardiovascular protective, anti-hypertension, heart disease preventive, melanogenesis inhibiting, anti-allergy, endocrine regulating, anti-diabetes, anti-cachexia, osteoporosis preventive, analgesic, neuroprotecting, suitable for the treatment of gout arthritis, life extending, anti-fungi, and detoxifying effects. Function components with anti-oxidants are rich in adlay. These results support the notion that adlay seeds may be one of the best functional foods and further reveal the action mechanism of six major functional ingredients (oils, polysaccharides, phenols, phytosterols, coixol, and resistant starch) for combating diseases. This review paper not only reveals the action mechanisms of adding adlay to the diet to overcome 17 human diseases, but also provides a scientific basis for the development of functional foods and drugs for the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zeng
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
- Correspondence: or (Y.Z.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-871-65894145 (Y.Z.)
| | - Jiazhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming 650205, China;
| | - Jia Chen
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xiaoying Pu
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xia Li
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xiaomeng Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Li’e Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yumei Ding
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Mingying Nong
- Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan 663099, China; (M.N.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shibao Zhang
- Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan 663099, China; (M.N.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jinbao He
- Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan 663099, China; (M.N.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: or (Y.Z.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-871-65894145 (Y.Z.)
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Gong J, Tang Y, Liu Y, Sun R, Li Y, Ma J, Zhang S, Zhang F, Chen Z, Liao X, Sun H, Lu Z, Zhao C, Gao S. The Central Circadian Clock Protein TaCCA1 Regulates Seedling Growth and Spike Development in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:946213. [PMID: 35923880 PMCID: PMC9340162 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.946213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The biological functions of the circadian clock on growth and development have been well elucidated in model plants, while its regulatory roles in crop species, especially the roles on yield-related traits, are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the core clock gene CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) homoeologs in wheat and studied their biological functions in seedling growth and spike development. TaCCA1 homoeologs exhibit typical diurnal expression patterns, which are positively regulated by rhythmic histone modifications including histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9Ac), and histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3). TaCCA1s are preferentially located in the nucleus and tend to form both homo- and heterodimers. TaCCA1 overexpression (TaCCA1-OE) transgenic wheat plants show disrupted circadian rhythmicity coupling with reduced chlorophyll and starch content, as well as biomass at seedling stage, also decreased spike length, grain number per spike, and grain size at the ripening stage. Further studies using DNA affinity purification followed by deep sequencing [DNA affinity purification and sequencing (DAP-seq)] indicated that TaCCA1 preferentially binds to sequences similarly to "evening elements" (EE) motif in the wheat genome, particularly genes associated with photosynthesis, carbon utilization, and auxin homeostasis, and decreased transcriptional levels of these target genes are observed in TaCCA1-OE transgenic wheat plants. Collectively, our study provides novel insights into a circadian-mediated mechanism of gene regulation to coordinate photosynthetic and metabolic activities in wheat, which is important for optimal plant growth and crop yield formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gong
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yimiao Tang
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Liu
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Renwei Sun
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxiu Ma
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengquan Zhang
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengting Zhang
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaobo Chen
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangzheng Liao
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zefu Lu
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changping Zhao
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqing Gao
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
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Muranaka T, Ito S, Kudoh H, Oyama T. Circadian-period variation underlies the local adaptation of photoperiodism in the short-day plant Lemna aequinoctialis. iScience 2022; 25:104634. [PMID: 35800759 PMCID: PMC9253726 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic variation is the basis for trait adaptation via evolutionary selection. However, the driving forces behind quantitative trait variations remain unclear owing to their complexity at the molecular level. This study focused on the natural variation of the free-running period (FRP) of the circadian clock because FRP is a determining factor of the phase phenotype of clock-dependent physiology. Lemna aequinoctialis in Japan is a paddy field duckweed that exhibits a latitudinal cline of critical day length (CDL) for short-day flowering. We collected 72 strains of L. aequinoctialis and found a significant correlation between FRPs and locally adaptive CDLs, confirming that variation in the FRP-dependent phase phenotype underlies photoperiodic adaptation. Diel transcriptome analysis revealed that the induction timing of an FT gene is key to connecting the clock phase to photoperiodism at the molecular level. This study highlights the importance of FRP as a variation resource for evolutionary adaptation. Natural variation of flowering/circadian traits in a paddy-field duckweed is studied. Critical day length for flowering of the duckweed in Japan shows a latitudinal cline. A negative correlation between critical day length and circadian period was found. An FT gene responding to lengthening of the dark period was isolated.
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de Carbonnel M, Stormonth-Darling JM, Liu W, Kuziak D, Jones MA. Realising the Environmental Potential of Vertical Farming Systems through Advances in Plant Photobiology. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060922. [PMID: 35741444 PMCID: PMC9220163 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Vertical farming systems (VFS) have great potential for improving crop productivity but are energy-intensive, since light, temperature, and humidity each need to be controlled. In this review, we consider the challenges of incorporating renewable energy into VFS and highlight how light spectra, intensity, and daylength can be varied to influence the quality of crops. We propose that insights from plant photobiology can be utilised to optimise energy efficiency in this rapidly evolving sector. Abstract Intensive agriculture is essential to feed increasing populations, yet requires large amounts of pesticide, fertiliser, and water to maintain productivity. One solution to mitigate these issues is the adoption of Vertical Farming Systems (VFS). The self-contained operation of these facilities offers the potential to recycle agricultural inputs, as well as sheltering crops from the effects of climate change. Recent technological advancements in light-emitting diode (LED) lighting technology have enabled VFS to become a commercial reality, although high electrical consumption continues to tarnish the environmental credentials of the industry. In this review, we examine how the inherent use of electricity by VFS can be leveraged to deliver commercial and environmental benefits. We propose that an understanding of plant photobiology can be used to vary VFS energy consumption in coordination with electrical availability from the grid, facilitating demand-side management of energy supplies and promoting crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weiqi Liu
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;
| | - Dmytro Kuziak
- Oxfarm Developments, 4125 Riehen, Switzerland; (M.d.C.); (D.K.)
| | - Matthew Alan Jones
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-0141-330-4390
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Lu Z, Hu W, Ye X, Lu J, Gu H, Li X, Cong R, Ren T. Potassium regulates diel leaf growth of Brassica napus by coordinating the rhythmic carbon supply and water balance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:3686-3698. [PMID: 35176159 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon and water are two main factors limiting leaf expansion. Restriction of leaf growth by low availability of carbon or water is among the earliest visible effects of potassium (K) deficiency. It is not known how K is involved in regulating the rhythmic supply of these two substrates, which differ remarkably across the day-night cycle, affecting leaf expansion. We investigated the effects of different K regimes on the time courses of leaf expansion, carbon assimilation, carbohydrates, and hydraulic properties of Brassica napus. Potassium supply increased leaf area, predominantly by promoting night-time leaf expansion (>60%), which was mainly associated with increased availability of carbohydrates from photosynthetic carbon fixation and import from old leaves rather than improvement of leaf hydraulics. However, sufficient K improved leaf hydraulic conductance to balance diurnal evaporative water loss and increase the osmotic contribution of water-soluble carbohydrates, thereby maintaining leaf turgor and increasing the daytime expansion rate. The results also indicated an ontogenetic role of K in modifying the amplitude of circadian expansion; almost 80% of the increase in leaf area occurred before the area reached 66.9% of the mature size. Our data provide mechanistic insight into K-mediated diel coordination of rhythmic carbon supply and water balance in leaf expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Lu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenshi Hu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaolei Ye
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianwei Lu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hehe Gu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rihuan Cong
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China
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Wang S, Wang T, Li Q, Xu C, Tian J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Han Z, Wu T. Phosphorylation of MdERF17 by MdMPK4 promotes apple fruit peel degreening during light/dark transitions. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:1980-2000. [PMID: 35166845 PMCID: PMC9048921 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
As apple fruits (Malus domestica) mature, they accumulate anthocyanins concomitantly with losing chlorophyll (Chl); however, the molecular pathways and events that coordinate Chl degradation and fruit coloration have not been elucidated. We showed previously that the transcription factor ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR17 (MdERF17) modulates Chl degradation in apple fruit peels and that variation in the pattern of MdERF17 serine (Ser) residues is responsible for differences in its transcriptional regulatory activity. Here, we report that MdERF17 interacts with and is phosphorylated by MAP KINASE4 (MdMPK4-14G). Phosphorylation of MdERF17 at residue Thr67 by MdMPK4-14G is necessary for its transcriptional regulatory activity and its regulation of Chl degradation. We also show that MdERF17 mutants with different numbers of Ser repeat insertions exhibit altered phosphorylation profiles, with more repeats increasing its interaction with MdMPK4. MdMPK4-14G can be activated by exposure to darkness and is involved in the dark-induced degreening of fruit peels. We also demonstrate that greater phosphorylation of MdERF17 by MdMPK4-14G is responsible for the regulation of Chl degradation during light/dark transitions. Overall, our findings reveal the mechanism by which MdMPK4 controls fruit peel coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Li
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xu
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Tian
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ting Wu
- Author for correspondence: (T.W.), (Z.H.)
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Dias MC, Caldeira C, Gastauer M, Ramos S, Oliveira G. Cross-species transcriptomes reveal species-specific and shared molecular adaptations for plants development on iron-rich rocky outcrops soils. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:313. [PMID: 35439930 PMCID: PMC9020022 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canga is the Brazilian term for the savanna-like vegetation harboring several endemic species on iron-rich rocky outcrops, usually considered for mining activities. Parkia platycephala Benth. and Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (Willd.) Hochr. naturally occur in the cangas of Serra dos Carajás (eastern Amazonia, Brazil) and the surrounding forest, indicating high phenotypic plasticity. The morphological and physiological mechanisms of the plants’ establishment in the canga environment are well studied, but the molecular adaptative responses are still unknown. To understand these adaptative responses, we aimed to identify molecular mechanisms that allow the establishment of these plants in the canga environment. Results Plants were grown in canga and forest substrates collected in the Carajás Mineral Province. RNA was extracted from pooled leaf tissue, and RNA-seq paired-end reads were assembled into representative transcriptomes for P. platycephala and S. pulcherrimum containing 31,728 and 31,311 primary transcripts, respectively. We identified both species-specific and core molecular responses in plants grown in the canga substrate using differential expression analyses. In the species-specific analysis, we identified 1,112 and 838 differentially expressed genes for P. platycephala and S. pulcherrimum, respectively. Enrichment analyses showed that unique biological processes and metabolic pathways were affected for each species. Comparative differential expression analysis was based on shared single-copy orthologs. The overall pattern of ortholog expression was species-specific. Even so, we identified almost 300 altered genes between plants in canga and forest substrates with conserved responses in the two species. The genes were functionally associated with the response to light stimulus and the circadian rhythm pathway. Conclusions Plants possess species-specific adaptative responses to cope with the substrates. Our results also suggest that plants adapted to both canga and forest environments can adjust the circadian rhythm in a substrate-dependent manner. The circadian clock gene modulation might be a central mechanism regulating the plants’ development in the canga substrate in the studied legume species. The mechanism may be shared as a common mechanism to abiotic stress compensation in other native species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08449-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Costa Dias
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Cecílio Caldeira
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil
| | - Markus Gastauer
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil
| | - Silvio Ramos
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Oliveira
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Belém, Pará, CEP 66055-090, Brazil.
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Xiang Y, Sapir T, Rouillard P, Ferrand M, Jiménez-Gómez JM. Interaction between photoperiod and variation in circadian rhythms in tomato. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:187. [PMID: 35395725 PMCID: PMC8994279 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many biological processes follow circadian rhythmicity and are controlled by the circadian clock. Predictable environmental changes such as seasonal variation in photoperiod can modulate circadian rhythms, allowing organisms to adjust the timing of their biological processes to the time of the year. In some crops such as rice, barley or soybean, mutations in circadian clock genes have altered photoperiod sensitivity, enhancing their cultivability in specific seasons and latitudes. However, how changes in circadian rhythms interact with the perception of photoperiod in crops remain poorly studied. In tomato, the appearance during domestication of mutations in EMPFINDLICHER IM DUNKELROTEN LICHT 1 (EID1, Solyc09g075080) and NIGHT LIGHT-INDUCIBLE AND CLOCK-REGULATED GENE 2 (LNK2, Solyc01g068560) delayed both the phase and period of its circadian rhythms. The fact that variation in period and phase are separated in tomato provides an optimal tool to study how these factors affect the perception of photoperiod. RESULTS Here we develop tomato near isogenic lines carrying combinations of wild alleles of EID1 and LNK2 and show that they recreate the changes in phase and period that occurred during its domestication. We perform transcriptomic profiling of these near isogenic lines under two different photoperiods, and observe that EID1, but not LNK2, has a large effect on how the tomato transcriptome responds to photoperiod. This large effect of EID1 is likely a consequence of the global phase shift elicited by this gene in tomato's circadian rhythms. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that changes in phase that occurred during tomato domestication determine photoperiod perception in this species, while changes in period have little effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Xiang
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Sapir
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Pauline Rouillard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Marina Ferrand
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - José M Jiménez-Gómez
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France.
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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Kominami S, Mizuta H, Uji T. Transcriptome Profiling in the Marine Red Alga Neopyropia yezoensis Under Light/Dark Cycle. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:393-407. [PMID: 35377066 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many organisms are subjected to a daily cycle of light and darkness, which significantly influences metabolic and physiological processes. In the present study, Neopyropia yezoensis, one of the major cultivated seaweeds used in "nori," was harvested in the morning and evening during light/dark treatments to investigate daily changes in gene expression using RNA-sequencing. A high abundance of transcripts in the morning includes the genes associated with carbon-nitrogen assimilations, polyunsaturated fatty acid, and starch synthesis. In contrast, the upregulation of a subset of the genes associated with the pentose phosphate pathway, cell cycle, and DNA replication at evening is necessary for the tight control of light-sensitive processes, such as DNA replication. Additionally, a high abundance of transcripts at dusk encoding asparaginase and glutamate dehydrogenase imply that regulation of asparagine catabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle possibly contributes to supply nitrogen and carbon, respectively, for growth during the dark. In addition, genes encoding cryptochrome/photolyase family and histone modification proteins were identified as potential key players for regulating diurnal rhythmic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Kominami
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Genetics and Genomics, Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuta
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Genetics and Genomics, Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Toshiki Uji
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Genetics and Genomics, Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan.
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Xu X, Yuan L, Yang X, Zhang X, Wang L, Xie Q. Circadian clock in plants: Linking timing to fitness. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:792-811. [PMID: 35088570 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous circadian clock integrates cyclic signals of environment and daily and seasonal behaviors of organisms to achieve spatiotemporal synchronization, which greatly improves genetic diversity and fitness of species. This review addresses recent studies on the plant circadian system in the field of chronobiology, covering topics on molecular mechanisms, internal and external Zeitgebers, and hierarchical regulation of physiological outputs. The architecture of the circadian clock involves the autoregulatory transcriptional feedback loops, post-translational modifications of core oscillators, and epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones. Here, light, temperature, humidity, and internal elemental nutrients are summarized to illustrate the sensitivity of the circadian clock to timing cues. In addition, the circadian clock runs cell-autonomously, driving independent circadian rhythms in various tissues. The core oscillators responds to each other with biochemical factors including calcium ions, mineral nutrients, photosynthetic products, and hormones. We describe clock components sequentially expressed during a 24-h day that regulate rhythmic growth, aging, immune response, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Notably, more data have suggested the circadian clock links chrono-culture to key agronomic traits in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qiguang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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Xu X, Yuan L, Xie Q. The circadian clock ticks in plant stress responses. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:15. [PMID: 37676516 PMCID: PMC10441891 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock, a time-keeping mechanism, drives nearly 24-h self-sustaining rhythms at the physiological, cellular, and molecular levels, keeping them synchronized with the cyclic changes of environmental signals. The plant clock is sensitive to external and internal stress signals that act as timing cues to influence the circadian rhythms through input pathways of the circadian clock system. In order to cope with environmental stresses, many core oscillators are involved in defense while maintaining daily growth in various ways. Recent studies have shown that a hierarchical multi-oscillator network orchestrates the defense through rhythmic accumulation of gene transcripts, alternative splicing of mRNA precursors, modification and turnover of proteins, subcellular localization, stimuli-induced phase separation, and long-distance transport of proteins. This review summarizes the essential role of circadian core oscillators in response to stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana and crops, including daily and seasonal abiotic stresses (low or high temperature, drought, high salinity, and nutrition deficiency) and biotic stresses (pathogens and herbivorous insects). By integrating time-keeping mechanisms, circadian rhythms and stress resistance, we provide a temporal perspective for scientists to better understand plant environmental adaptation and breed high-quality crop germplasm for agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Qiguang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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Zsögön A, Peres LEP, Xiao Y, Yan J, Fernie AR. Enhancing crop diversity for food security in the face of climate uncertainty. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:402-414. [PMID: 34882870 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Global agriculture is dominated by a handful of species that currently supply a huge proportion of our food and feed. It additionally faces the massive challenge of providing food for 10 billion people by 2050, despite increasing environmental deterioration. One way to better plan production in the face of current and continuing climate change is to better understand how our domestication of these crops included their adaptation to environments that were highly distinct from those of their centre of origin. There are many prominent examples of this, including the development of temperate Zea mays (maize) and the alteration of day-length requirements in Solanum tuberosum (potato). Despite the pre-eminence of some 15 crops, more than 50 000 species are edible, with 7000 of these considered semi-cultivated. Opportunities afforded by next-generation sequencing technologies alongside other methods, including metabolomics and high-throughput phenotyping, are starting to contribute to a better characterization of a handful of these species. Moreover, the first examples of de novo domestication have appeared, whereby key target genes are modified in a wild species in order to confer predictable traits of agronomic value. Here, we review the scale of the challenge, drawing extensively on the characterization of past agriculture to suggest informed strategies upon which the breeding of future climate-resilient crops can be based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Zsögön
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Lázaro E P Peres
- Laboratory of Plant Developmental Genetics, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, CP 09, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Yingjie Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jianbing Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Ruocco M, Barrote I, Hofman JD, Pes K, Costa MM, Procaccini G, Silva J, Dattolo E. Daily Regulation of Key Metabolic Pathways in Two Seagrasses Under Natural Light Conditions. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.757187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is an endogenous time-keeping mechanism that enables organisms to adapt to external environmental cycles. It produces rhythms of plant metabolism and physiology, and interacts with signaling pathways controlling daily and seasonal environmental responses through gene expression regulation. Downstream metabolic outputs, such as photosynthesis and sugar metabolism, besides being affected by the clock, can also contribute to the circadian timing itself. In marine plants, studies of circadian rhythms are still way behind in respect to terrestrial species, which strongly limits the understanding of how they coordinate their physiology and energetic metabolism with environmental signals at sea. Here, we provided a first description of daily timing of key core clock components and clock output pathways in two seagrass species, Cymodocea nodosa and Zostera marina (order Alismatales), co-occurring at the same geographic location, thus exposed to identical natural variations in photoperiod. Large differences were observed between species in the daily timing of accumulation of transcripts related to key metabolic pathways, such as photosynthesis and sucrose synthesis/transport, highlighting the importance of intrinsic biological, and likely ecological attributes of the species in determining the periodicity of functions. The two species exhibited a differential sensitivity to light-to-dark and dark-to-light transition times and could adopt different growth timing based on a differential strategy of resource allocation and mobilization throughout the day, possibly coordinated by the circadian clock. This behavior could potentially derive from divergent evolutionary adaptations of the species to their bio-geographical range of distributions.
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