1
|
Hou M, Hou W, Qin M, Wang Q, Zhou L. Photo-sensitive peptide inducing targeted cross-linking in a one-step and reagent-, enzyme- and antibody-free detection of SARS-Cov-2 marker protein. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 157:108672. [PMID: 38428185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Modern biosensing technology plays a crucial role in combating the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, the associated assays remain costly, considering their extensive daily use. In response, we developed a simplified one-step SARS-CoV-2 protease assay that reduces both time and financial expenses. This approach eliminates the need for extra reagents, enzymes, or antibodies. The simplification involves a photo-sensitive Bengal red-tagged substrate peptide, allowing specific cross-linking upon protease-substrate recognition. This process forms a di-tyrosine product with a distinctive fluorescence signal readout, enabling the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in patient serum samples. This method anticipates a major reduction in assay costs in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meihui Hou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Wenmin Hou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Mingyu Qin
- Medical College, Soochow University, 333 East Road of Ganjiang, Suzhou 215026, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Yuhuangding Hospital, 20 East Road of Yuhuangding, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pan X, Wang J, Zhang K, Sun P, Shi J, Zhi J, Cai Z, Li Z, Wang D, Tong B, Dong Y. Differential detection of H1N1 virus spiker proteins by two hexaphenylbutadiene isomers based on size-matching principle. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1299:342452. [PMID: 38499411 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
As one of the high pathogenic influenza viruses, H1N1 virus easily induces to serious diseases, even leading to death. To date, all detection methods for H1N1 virus had shortcomings, including high equipment cost, time consumption, and etc. Therefore, a novel detection method should be established to achieve more convenient, rapid, and low-cost detection. In this work, an isomer of HPBmN-I with aggregation-induced emission characteristic was firstly synthesized on the basis of our previous reported HPBpN-I. The results showed that HPBmN-I only selectively binds to N1 in the presence of H1, while HPBpN-I can exhibit total fluorescence response to H1 and N1 in H1/N1 mixture. The limited of detection (LOD) of HPBmN-I to N1 was estimated to be 20.82 ng/mL in normal saline (NS) according to the IUPAC-based approach. The simulation calculations based on molecular docking revealed that four HPBmN-I molecules combine well with the hydrophobic cavity of N1 and achieve the fluorescence enhancement due to size matching with each other. The combination of HPBpN-I and HPBmN-I as probes was successfully used to quantitatively detect H1 and N1 in real H1N1 virus. Compared to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, the established method not only showed the same detection accuracy but also had the advantages of real-time, ease of preparation, and low-cost, demonstrating potential market prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China; Department of Nanomedicine & Shanghai Key Lab of Cell Engineering, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianbing Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junge Zhi
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zi Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Collaboration Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Dayan Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Collaboration Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Bin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yuping Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xiao Y, Sheng ZM, Williams SL, Taubenberger JK. Two complete 1918 influenza A/H1N1 pandemic virus genomes characterized by next-generation sequencing using RNA isolated from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded autopsy lung tissue samples along with evidence of secondary bacterial co-infection. mBio 2024; 15:e0321823. [PMID: 38349163 PMCID: PMC10936189 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03218-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The 1918 influenza pandemic was the most devastating respiratory pandemic in modern human history, with 50-100 million deaths worldwide. Here, we characterized the complete genomes of influenza A virus (IAV) from two fatal cases during the fall wave of 1918 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in the United States, one from Walter Reed Army Hospital in Washington, DC, and the other from Camp Jackson, SC. The two complete IAV genomes were obtained by combining Illumina deep sequencing data from both total RNA and influenza viral genome-enriched libraries along with Sanger sequencing data from PCR across the sequencing gaps. This study confirms the previously reported 1918 IAV genomes and increases the total number of available complete or near-complete influenza viral genomes of the 1918 pandemic from four to six. Sequence comparisons among them confirm that the genomes of the 1918 pandemic virus were highly conserved during the main wave of the pandemic with geographic separation in North America and Europe. Metagenomic analyses revealed bacterial co-infections in both cases. Interestingly, in the Washington, DC, case, evidence is presented of the first reported Rhodococcus-influenza virus co-infection. IMPORTANCE This study applied modern molecular biotechnology and high-throughput sequencing to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded autopsy lung samples from two fatal cases during the fall wave of the 1918 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in the United States. Complete influenza genomes were obtained from both cases, which increases the total number of available complete or near-complete influenza genomes of the 1918 pandemic virus from four to six. Sequence analysis confirms that the 1918 pandemic virus was highly conserved during the main wave of the pandemic with geographic separation in North America and Europe. Metagenomic analyses revealed bacterial co-infections in both cases, including the first reported evidence of Rhodococcus-influenza co-infection. Overall, this study offers a detailed view at the molecular level of the very limited samples from the most devastating influenza pandemic in modern human history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Xiao
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zong-Mei Sheng
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Williams
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffery K. Taubenberger
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thompson AJ, Wu NC, Canales A, Kikuchi C, Zhu X, de Toro BF, Cañada FJ, Worth C, Wang S, McBride R, Peng W, Nycholat CM, Jiménez-Barbero J, Wilson IA, Paulson JC. Evolution of human H3N2 influenza virus receptor specificity has substantially expanded the receptor-binding domain site. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:261-275.e4. [PMID: 38307019 PMCID: PMC11057904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Hemagglutinins (HAs) from human influenza viruses descend from avian progenitors that bind α2-3-linked sialosides and must adapt to glycans with α2-6-linked sialic acids on human airway cells to transmit within the human population. Since their introduction during the 1968 pandemic, H3N2 viruses have evolved over the past five decades to preferentially recognize human α2-6-sialoside receptors that are elongated through addition of poly-LacNAc. We show that more recent H3N2 viruses now make increasingly complex interactions with elongated receptors while continuously selecting for strains maintaining this phenotype. This change in receptor engagement is accompanied by an extension of the traditional receptor-binding site to include residues in key antigenic sites on the surface of HA trimers. These results help explain the propensity for selection of antigenic variants, leading to vaccine mismatching, when H3N2 viruses are propagated in chicken eggs or cells that do not contain such receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Thompson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas C Wu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Angeles Canales
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avd. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Chika Kikuchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Xueyong Zhu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Beatriz Fernández de Toro
- Structural and Chemical Biology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Cañada
- Structural and Chemical Biology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBERES, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Charli Worth
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shengyang Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ryan McBride
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Wenjie Peng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Corwin M Nycholat
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIBERES, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; CIC bioGUNE Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Bilbao, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - James C Paulson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Liu ZL, Yang H, Li R, Liao SJ, Huang Y, Peng MH, Liu X, Si GY, He QZ, Zhang Y. Prediction of viral pneumonia based on machine learning models analyzing pulmonary inflammation index scores. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107905. [PMID: 38159398 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECT To obtain Pulmonary Inflammation Index scores from imaging chest CT and combine it with clinical correlates of viral pneumonia to predict the risk and severity of viral pneumonia using a computer learning model. METHODS All patients with suspected viral pneumonia on CT examination admitted to The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University from December 2022 to March 2023 were retrospectively selected. The respiratory viruses were monitored by RT-PCR and categorized into patients with viral pneumonia and those with non-viral pneumonia. The extent of lung inflammation was quantified according to the Pulmonary Inflammation Index score (PII). Information on patient demographics, comorbidities, laboratory tests, pathogenetic testing, and radiological data were collected. Five machine learning models containing Random Forest(RF), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K Nearest Neighbour Algorithm (KNN), and Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR) were used to predict the risk of onset and severity of viral pneumonia based on the clinically relevant factors or PII. RESULTS Among the five models, the SVM model performed best in ACC (76.75 %), SN (73.99 %), and F1 (72.42 %) and achieved a better area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) (0.8409) when predicting the risk of developing viral pneumonia. RF had the best overall classification accuracy in predicting the severity of viral pneumonia, especially in predicting pneumonia with a PII classification of grade I, the RF model achieved an accuracy of 98.89%. CONCLUSION Machine learning models are valuable in assessing the risk of viral pneumonia. Meanwhile, machine learning models confirm the importance in predicting the severity of viral pneumonia through PII. The establishment of machine learning models for predicting the risk and severity of viral pneumonia promotes the further development of machine learning in the medical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China.
| | - Zong-Lin Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China; Department of Intervention Radiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lu Zhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Run Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Si-Jing Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ming-Hui Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Guang-Yan Si
- Department of Intervention Radiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lu Zhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qi-Zhou He
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eash-Scott D, Stoltzfus D, Brenneman R. "The Graves Cannot Be Dug Fast Enough": Excess Deaths Among US Amish and Mennonites During the 1918 Flu Pandemic. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:652-665. [PMID: 37656304 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Estimating the lethal impact of a pandemic on a religious community with significant barriers to outsiders can be exceedingly difficult. Nevertheless, Stein and colleagues (2021) developed an innovative means of arriving at such an estimate for the lethal impact of COVID-19 on the Amish community in 2020 by counting user-generated death reports in the widely circulated Amish periodical The Budget. By comparing monthly averages of reported deaths before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, Stein and colleagues were able to arrive at a rough estimate of "excess deaths" during the first year of the pandemic. Our research extends the same research method, applying it to the years during and immediately preceding the global influenza pandemic of 1918. Results show similarly robust findings, including three notable "waves" of excess deaths among Amish and conservative Mennonites in the USA in 1918, 1919, and 1920. Such results point to the promise of utilizing religious periodicals like The Budget as a relatively untapped trove of user-generated data on public health outcomes among religious minorities more than a century in the past.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Eash-Scott
- Department of History, Goshen College, 1700 S. Main st., Goshen, IN, 46526, USA
| | - Daniel Stoltzfus
- Department of History, Goshen College, 1700 S. Main st., Goshen, IN, 46526, USA
| | - Robert Brenneman
- Department of History, Goshen College, 1700 S. Main st., Goshen, IN, 46526, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu D, Carter JJ, Li C, Utz A, Weidenbacher PAB, Tang S, Sanyal M, Pulendran B, Barnes CO, Kim PS. Vaccine design via antigen reorientation. Nat Chem Biol 2024:10.1038/s41589-023-01529-6. [PMID: 38225471 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01529-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
A major challenge in creating universal influenza vaccines is to focus immune responses away from the immunodominant, variable head region of hemagglutinin (HA-head) and toward the evolutionarily conserved stem region (HA-stem). Here we introduce an approach to control antigen orientation via site-specific insertion of aspartate residues that facilitates antigen binding to alum. We demonstrate the generalizability of this approach with antigens from Ebola, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses and observe enhanced neutralizing antibody responses in all cases. We then reorient an H2 HA in an 'upside-down' configuration to increase the exposure and immunogenicity of HA-stem. The reoriented H2 HA (reoH2HA) on alum induced stem-directed antibodies that cross-react with both group 1 and group 2 influenza A subtypes. Electron microscopy polyclonal epitope mapping (EMPEM) revealed that reoH2HA (group 1) elicits cross-reactive antibodies targeting group 2 HA-stems. Our results highlight antigen reorientation as a generalizable approach for designing epitope-focused vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joshua J Carter
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Biophysics Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Utz
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Biophysics Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Payton A B Weidenbacher
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shaogeng Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mrinmoy Sanyal
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher O Barnes
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter S Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kenmoe S, Takuissu GR, Ebogo-Belobo JT, Kengne-Ndé C, Mbaga DS, Bowo-Ngandji A, Ondigui Ndzie JL, Kenfack-Momo R, Tchatchouang S, Lontuo Fogang R, Zeuko'o Menkem E, Kame-Ngasse GI, Magoudjou-Pekam JN, Puzelli S, Lucentini L, Veneri C, Mancini P, Bonanno Ferraro G, Iaconelli M, Del Giudice C, Brandtner D, Suffredini E, La Rosa G. A systematic review of influenza virus in water environments across human, poultry, and wild bird habitats. WATER RESEARCH X 2024; 22:100210. [PMID: 38298332 PMCID: PMC10825513 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Influenza, a highly contagious acute respiratory disease, remains a major global health concern. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the prevalence of influenza virus in different aquatic environments. Using 43 articles from four databases, we thoroughly examined water matrices from wastewater treatment plants (WTPs) and other human environments, as well as poultry habitats and areas frequented by migratory wild birds. In WTP influents (10 studies), positivity rates for influenza A ranged from 0.0 % to 97.6 %. For influenza B (8 studies), most studies reported no positivity, except for three studies reporting detection in 0.8 %, 5.6 %, and 46.9 % of samples. Within poultry habitats (13 studies), the prevalence of influenza A ranged from 4.3 % to 76.4 %, while in environments frequented by migratory wild birds (11 studies), it ranged from 0.4 % to 69.8 %. Geographically, the studies were distributed as follows: 39.5 % from the Americas, 18.6 % from Europe, 2.3 % from South-East Asia and 39.5 % from the Western Pacific. Several influenza A subtypes were found in water matrices, including avian influenza (H3N6, H3N8, H4N1, H4N2, H4N6, H4N8, H5N1, H5N8, H6N2, H6N6, H7N9, H0N8, and H11N9) and seasonal human influenza (H1N1 and H3N2). The existing literature indicates a crucial requirement for more extensive future research on this topic. Specifically, it emphasizes the need for method harmonization and delves into areas deserving of in-depth research, such as water matrices pertaining to pig farming and prevalence studies in low-income countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Kenmoe
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - GR Takuissu
- Centre for Food, Food Security and Nutrition Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - JT Ebogo-Belobo
- Medical Research Centre, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - C Kengne-Ndé
- Epidemiological Surveillance, Evaluation and Research Unit, National AIDS Control Committee, Douala, Cameroon
| | - DS Mbaga
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - A Bowo-Ngandji
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - JL Ondigui Ndzie
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - R Kenfack-Momo
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - S Tchatchouang
- Scientific Direction, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - R Lontuo Fogang
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - E Zeuko'o Menkem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - GI Kame-Ngasse
- Medical Research Centre, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - JN Magoudjou-Pekam
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - S Puzelli
- Department of Infectious Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - L Lucentini
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - C Veneri
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - P Mancini
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - G Bonanno Ferraro
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - M Iaconelli
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - C Del Giudice
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - D Brandtner
- Department of Infectious Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - E Suffredini
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary public health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - G La Rosa
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Matevosyan M, Harutyunyan V, Abelyan N, Khachatryan H, Tirosyan I, Gabrielyan Y, Sahakyan V, Gevorgyan S, Arakelov V, Arakelov G, Zakaryan H. Design of new chemical entities targeting both native and H275Y mutant influenza a virus by deep reinforcement learning. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10798-10812. [PMID: 36541127 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2158936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Influenza virus remains a major public health challenge due to its high morbidity and mortality and seasonal surge. Although antiviral drugs against the influenza virus are widely used as a first-line defense, the virus undergoes rapid genetic changes, resulting in the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Thus, new antiviral drugs that can outwit resistant strains are of significant importance. Herein, we used deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to design new chemical entities (NCEs) that are able to bind to the native and H275Y mutant (oseltamivir-resistant) neuraminidases (NAs) of influenza A virus with better binding energy than oseltamivir. We generated more than 66211 NCEs, which were prioritized based on the filtering rules, structural alerts, and synthetic accessibility. Then, 18 NCEs with better MM/PBSA scores than oseltamivir were further analyzed in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations conducted for 100 ns. The MD experiments showed that 8 NCEs formed very stable complexes with the binding pocket of both native and H275Y mutant NAs of H1N1. Furthermore, most NCEs demonstrated much better binding affinity to group 2 (N2, N3, and N9) and influenza B virus NAs than oseltamivir. Although all 8 NCEs have non-sialic acid-like structures, they showed a similar binding mode as oseltamivir, indicating that it is possible to find new scaffolds with better binding and antiviral properties than sialic acid-like inhibitors. In conclusion, we have designed potential compounds as antiviral candidates for further synthesis and testing against wild and mutant influenza virus.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vahram Arakelov
- Denovo Sciences Inc, Yerevan, Armenia
- Institute of Molecular Biology of National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Grigor Arakelov
- Denovo Sciences Inc, Yerevan, Armenia
- Institute of Molecular Biology of National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hovakim Zakaryan
- Denovo Sciences Inc, Yerevan, Armenia
- Institute of Molecular Biology of National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang R, Wang Y, Cai G, Wang J, Zhao J, Bai J, Zhang T, Cen S, He W, Yu L. Verbalide A~F: new phthalide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Preussia sp. CPCC 400972. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2023; 76:613-617. [PMID: 37402885 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
There are six new phthalide derivatives Verbalide A ~ F (1-6) together with another known derivative (7) isolated from the endophytic fungus Preussia sp. CPCC 400972. Their structures were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including NMR and HRESIMS. In addition, compounds 1-7 exhibited excellent inhibitory effect against influenza A virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Immunology Division, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guowei Cai
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Juxian Wang
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jianyuan Zhao
- Immunology Division, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jinglin Bai
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shan Cen
- Immunology Division, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenni He
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Liyan Yu
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vaswani CM, Varkouhi AK, Gupta S, Ektesabi AM, Tsoporis JN, Yousef S, Plant PJ, da Silva AL, Cen Y, Tseng YC, Batah SS, Fabro AT, Advani SL, Advani A, Leong-Poi H, Marshall JC, Garcia CC, Rocco PRM, Albaiceta GM, Sebastian-Bolz S, Watts TH, Moraes TJ, Capelozzi VL, Dos Santos CC. Preventing occludin tight-junction disruption via inhibition of microRNA-193b-5p attenuates viral load and influenza-induced lung injury. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2681-2701. [PMID: 37340634 PMCID: PMC10491994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus-induced lung injury is associated with loss of pulmonary epithelial-endothelial tight junction integrity. While the alveolar-capillary membrane may be an indirect target of injury, viruses may interact directly and/or indirectly with miRs to augment their replication potential and evade the host antiviral defense system. Here, we expose how the influenza virus (H1N1) capitalizes on host-derived interferon-induced, microRNA (miR)-193b-5p to target occludin and compromise antiviral defenses. Lung biopsies from patients infected with H1N1 revealed increased miR-193b-5p levels, marked reduction in occludin protein, and disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier. In C57BL/6 mice, the expression of miR-193b-5p increased, and occludin decreased, 5-6 days post-infection with influenza (PR8). Inhibition of miR-193b-5p in primary human bronchial, pulmonary microvascular, and nasal epithelial cells enhanced antiviral responses. miR-193b-deficient mice were resistant to PR8. Knockdown of occludin, both in vitro and in vivo, and overexpression of miR-193b-5p reconstituted susceptibility to viral infection. miR-193b-5p inhibitor mitigated loss of occludin, improved viral clearance, reduced lung edema, and augmented survival in infected mice. Our results elucidate how the innate immune system may be exploited by the influenza virus and how strategies that prevent loss of occludin and preserve tight junction function may limit susceptibility to virus-induced lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chirag M Vaswani
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amir K Varkouhi
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Sahil Gupta
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Amin M Ektesabi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James N Tsoporis
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sadiya Yousef
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pamela J Plant
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adriana L da Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; COVID-19 Virus Network from Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development, and Foundation Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yuchen Cen
- Program in Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yi-Chieh Tseng
- Program in Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sabrina S Batah
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre T Fabro
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzanne L Advani
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Advani
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard Leong-Poi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John C Marshall
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cristiana C Garcia
- Laboratory of Respiratory, Exanthematic Viruses, Enterovirus and Viral Emergencies, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Integrated Research Group on Biomarkers. René Rachou Institute, FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; COVID-19 Virus Network from Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development, and Foundation Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Guillermo M Albaiceta
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiológicos, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; CIBER-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Steffen Sebastian-Bolz
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tania H Watts
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Program in Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto and Respirology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vera L Capelozzi
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bernhard M, Leuch C, Kordi M, Gruebner O, Matthes KL, Floris J, Staub K. From pandemic to endemic: Spatial-temporal patterns of influenza-like illness incidence in a Swiss canton, 1918-1924. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2023; 50:101271. [PMID: 37467686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
In pandemics, past and present, there is no textbook definition of when a pandemic is over, and how and when exactly a respiratory virus transitions from pandemic to endemic spread. In this paper we have compared the 1918/19 influenza pandemic and the subsequent spread of seasonal flu until 1924. We analysed 14,125 reports of newly stated 32,198 influenza-like illnesses from the Swiss canton of Bern. We analysed the temporal and spatial spread at the level of 497 municipalities, 9 regions, and the entire canton. We calculated incidence rates per 1000 inhabitants of newly registered cases per calendar week. Further, we illustrated the incidences of each municipality for each wave (first wave in summer 1918, second wave in fall/winter 1918/19, the strong later wave in early 1920, as well as the two seasonal waves in 1922 and 1924) on a choropleth map. We performed a spatial hotspot analysis to identify spatial clusters in each wave, using the Gi* statistic. Furthermore, we applied a robust negative binomial regression to estimate the association between selected explanatory variables and incidence on the ecological level. We show that the pandemic transitioned to endemic spread in several waves (including another strong wave in February 1920) with lower incidence and rather local spread until 1924 at least. At the municipality and regional levels, there were different patterns of spread both between pandemic and seasonal waves. In the first pandemic wave in summer 1918 the probability of higher incidence was increased in municipalities with a higher proportion of factories (OR 2.60, 95%CI 1.42-4.96), as well as in municipalities that had access to a railway station (OR 1.50, 95%CI 1.16-1.96). In contrast, the strong fall/winter wave 1918 was very widespread throughout the canton. In general, municipalities at higher altitude showed lower incidence. Our study adds to the sparse literature on incidence in the 1918/19 pandemic and subsequent years. Before Covid-19, the last pandemic that occurred in several waves and then became endemic was the 1918-19 pandemic. Such scenarios from the past can inform pandemic planning and preparedness in future outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bernhard
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corina Leuch
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maryam Kordi
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Gruebner
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Joël Floris
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of History, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kaspar Staub
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Oishi K, Blanco-Melo D, Kurland AP, Johnson JR, tenOever BR. Archaeal Kink-Turn Binding Protein Mediates Inhibition of Orthomyxovirus Splicing Biology. J Virol 2023; 97:e0181322. [PMID: 36943134 PMCID: PMC10134859 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01813-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite lacking a DNA intermediate, orthomyxoviruses complete their replication cycle in the nucleus and generate multiple transcripts by usurping the host splicing machinery. This biology results in dynamic changes of relative viral transcripts over time and dictates the replicative phase of the infection. Here, we demonstrate that the family of archaeal L7Ae proteins uniquely inhibit the splicing biology of influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and Salmon isavirus, revealing a common strategy utilized by Orthomyxoviridae members to achieve this dynamic. L7Ae-mediated inhibition of virus biology was lost with the generation of a splicing-independent strain of influenza A virus and attempts to select for an escape mutant resulted in variants that conformed to host splicing biology at significant cost to their overall fitness. As L7Ae recognizes conventional kink turns in various RNAs, these data implicate the formation of a similar structure as a shared strategy adopted by this virus family to coordinate their replication cycle. IMPORTANCE Here, we demonstrate that a family of proteins from archaea specifically inhibit this splicing biology of all tested members of the Orthomyxoviridae family. We show that this inhibition extends to influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and isavirus genera, while having no significant impact on the mammalian transcriptome or proteome. Attempts to generate an escape mutant against L7Ae-mediated inhibition resulted in mutations surrounding the viral splice sites and a significant loss of viral fitness. Together, these findings reveal a unique biology shared among diverse members of the Orthomyxoviridae family that may serve as a means to generate future universal therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Oishi
- Department of Microbiology, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Blanco-Melo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew P. Kurland
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Johnson
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin R. tenOever
- Department of Microbiology, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Widge AT, Hofstetter AR, Houser KV, Awan SF, Chen GL, Florez MCB, Berkowitz NM, Mendoza F, Hendel CS, Holman LA, Gordon IJ, Apte P, Liang CJ, Gaudinski MR, Coates EE, Strom L, Wycuff D, Vazquez S, Stein JA, Gall JG, Adams WC, Carlton K, Gillespie RA, Creanga A, Crank MC, Andrews SF, Castro M, Serebryannyy LA, Narpala SR, Hatcher C, Lin BC, O’Connell S, Freyn AW, Rosado VC, Nachbagauer R, Palese P, Kanekiyo M, McDermott AB, Koup RA, Dropulic LK, Graham BS, Mascola JR, Ledgerwood JE. An influenza hemagglutinin stem nanoparticle vaccine induces cross-group 1 neutralizing antibodies in healthy adults. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade4790. [PMID: 37075129 PMCID: PMC10619166 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade4790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Influenza vaccines could be improved by platforms inducing cross-reactive immunity. Immunodominance of the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) head in currently licensed vaccines impedes induction of cross-reactive neutralizing stem-directed antibodies. A vaccine without the variable HA head domain has the potential to focus the immune response on the conserved HA stem. This first-in-human dose-escalation open-label phase 1 clinical trial (NCT03814720) tested an HA stabilized stem ferritin nanoparticle vaccine (H1ssF) based on the H1 HA stem of A/New Caledonia/20/1999. Fifty-two healthy adults aged 18 to 70 years old enrolled to receive either 20 μg of H1ssF once (n = 5) or 60 μg of H1ssF twice (n = 47) with a prime-boost interval of 16 weeks. Thirty-five (74%) 60-μg dose participants received the boost, whereas 11 (23%) boost vaccinations were missed because of public health restrictions in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary objective of this trial was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of H1ssF, and the secondary objective was to evaluate antibody responses after vaccination. H1ssF was safe and well tolerated, with mild solicited local and systemic reactogenicity. The most common symptoms included pain or tenderness at the injection site (n = 10, 19%), headache (n = 10, 19%), and malaise (n = 6, 12%). We found that H1ssF elicited cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against the conserved HA stem of group 1 influenza viruses, despite previous H1 subtype head-specific immunity. These responses were durable, with neutralizing antibodies observed more than 1 year after vaccination. Our results support this platform as a step forward in the development of a universal influenza vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia T. Widge
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amelia R. Hofstetter
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Katherine V. Houser
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Seemal F. Awan
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Grace L. Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria C. Burgos Florez
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nina M. Berkowitz
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Floreliz Mendoza
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cynthia S. Hendel
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - LaSonji A. Holman
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ingelise J. Gordon
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Preeti Apte
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - C. Jason Liang
- Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Martin R. Gaudinski
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emily E. Coates
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Larisa Strom
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Diane Wycuff
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sandra Vazquez
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Judy A. Stein
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jason G. Gall
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William C. Adams
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kevin Carlton
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Gillespie
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Adrian Creanga
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michelle C. Crank
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sarah F. Andrews
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mike Castro
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leonid A. Serebryannyy
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sandeep R. Narpala
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christian Hatcher
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bob C. Lin
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sarah O’Connell
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alec W. Freyn
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Victoria C. Rosado
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Raffael Nachbagauer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peter Palese
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Adrian B. McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard A. Koup
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lesia K. Dropulic
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Barney S. Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John R. Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Julie E. Ledgerwood
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lieber CM, Aggarwal M, Yoon JJ, Cox RM, Kang HJ, Sourimant J, Toots M, Johnson SK, Jones CA, Sticher ZM, Kolykhalov AA, Saindane MT, Tompkins SM, Planz O, Painter GR, Natchus MG, Sakamoto K, Plemper RK. 4'-Fluorouridine mitigates lethal infection with pandemic human and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011342. [PMID: 37068076 PMCID: PMC10138230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza outbreaks are associated with substantial morbidity, mortality and economic burden. Next generation antivirals are needed to treat seasonal infections and prepare against zoonotic spillover of avian influenza viruses with pandemic potential. Having previously identified oral efficacy of the nucleoside analog 4'-Fluorouridine (4'-FlU, EIDD-2749) against SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), we explored activity of the compound against seasonal and highly pathogenic influenza (HPAI) viruses in cell culture, human airway epithelium (HAE) models, and/or two animal models, ferrets and mice, that assess IAV transmission and lethal viral pneumonia, respectively. 4'-FlU inhibited a panel of relevant influenza A and B viruses with nanomolar to sub-micromolar potency in HAE cells. In vitro polymerase assays revealed immediate chain termination of IAV polymerase after 4'-FlU incorporation, in contrast to delayed chain termination of SARS-CoV-2 and RSV polymerase. Once-daily oral treatment of ferrets with 2 mg/kg 4'-FlU initiated 12 hours after infection rapidly stopped virus shedding and prevented transmission to untreated sentinels. Treatment of mice infected with a lethal inoculum of pandemic A/CA/07/2009 (H1N1)pdm09 (pdmCa09) with 4'-FlU alleviated pneumonia. Three doses mediated complete survival when treatment was initiated up to 60 hours after infection, indicating a broad time window for effective intervention. Therapeutic oral 4'-FlU ensured survival of animals infected with HPAI A/VN/12/2003 (H5N1) and of immunocompromised mice infected with pdmCa09. Recoverees were protected against homologous reinfection. This study defines the mechanistic foundation for high sensitivity of influenza viruses to 4'-FlU and supports 4'-FlU as developmental candidate for the treatment of seasonal and pandemic influenza.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin M Lieber
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Megha Aggarwal
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jeong-Joong Yoon
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Robert M Cox
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hae-Ji Kang
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Julien Sourimant
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mart Toots
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Scott K Johnson
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Cheryl A Jones
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Zachary M Sticher
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Alexander A Kolykhalov
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Manohar T Saindane
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Stephen M Tompkins
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Oliver Planz
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - George R Painter
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Michael G Natchus
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kaori Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Richard K Plemper
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Herrera-Ong LR. Strategic construction of mRNA vaccine derived from conserved and experimentally validated epitopes of avian influenza type A virus: a reverse vaccinology approach. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2023; 12:156-171. [PMID: 37214143 PMCID: PMC10193103 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2023.12.2.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The development of vaccines that confer protection against multiple avian influenza A (AIA) virus strains is necessary to prevent the emergence of highly infectious strains that may result in more severe outbreaks. Thus, this study applied reverse vaccinology approach in strategically constructing messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine construct against avian influenza A (mVAIA) to induce cross-protection while targeting diverse AIA virulence factors. Materials and Methods Immunoinformatics tools and databases were utilized to identify conserved experimentally validated AIA epitopes. CD8+ epitopes were docked with dominant chicken major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) to evaluate complex formation. Conserved epitopes were adjoined in the optimized mVAIA sequence for efficient expression in Gallus gallus. Signal sequence for targeted secretory expression was included. Physicochemical properties, antigenicity, toxicity, and potential cross-reactivity were assessed. The tertiary structure of its protein sequence was modeled and validated in silico to investigate the accessibility of adjoined B-cell epitope. Potential immune responses were also simulated in C-ImmSim. Results Eighteen experimentally validated epitopes were found conserved (Shannon index <2.0) in the study. These include one B-cell (SLLTEVETPIRNEWGCR) and 17 CD8+ epitopes, adjoined in a single mRNA construct. The CD8+ epitopes docked favorably with MHC peptide-binding groove, which were further supported by the acceptable ΔGbind (-28.45 to -40.59 kJ/mol) and Kd (<1.00) values. The incorporated Sec/SPI (secretory/signal peptidase I) cleavage site was also recognized with a high probability (0.964814). Adjoined B-cell epitope was found within the disordered and accessible regions of the vaccine. Immune simulation results projected cytokine production, lymphocyte activation, and memory cell generation after the 1st dose of mVAIA. Conclusion Results suggest that mVAIA possesses stability, safety, and immunogenicity. In vitro and in vivo confirmation in subsequent studies are anticipated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leana Rich Herrera-Ong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Metro Manila, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
SARS-CoV-2 versus Influenza A Virus: Characteristics and Co-Treatments. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030580. [PMID: 36985154 PMCID: PMC10051779 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
For three years, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has completely changed our lifestyles and prepared us to live with this novel pneumonia for years to come. Given that pre-existing flu is caused by the influenza A virus, we have begun unprecedently co-coping with two different respiratory diseases at the same time. Hence, we draw a comparison between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus based on the general characteristics, especially the main variants’ history and the distribution of the two viruses. SARS-CoV-2 appeared to mutate more frequently and independently of locations than the influenza A virus. Furthermore, we reviewed present clinical trials on combined management against COVID-19 and influenza in order to explore better solutions against both at the same time.
Collapse
|
18
|
Jones JC, Yen HL, Adams P, Armstrong K, Govorkova EA. Influenza antivirals and their role in pandemic preparedness. Antiviral Res 2023; 210:105499. [PMID: 36567025 PMCID: PMC9852030 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Effective antivirals provide crucial benefits during the early phase of an influenza pandemic, when vaccines are still being developed and manufactured. Currently, two classes of viral protein-targeting drugs, neuraminidase inhibitors and polymerase inhibitors, are approved for influenza treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis. Resistance to both classes has been documented, highlighting the need to develop novel antiviral options that may include both viral and host-targeted inhibitors. Such efforts will form the basis of management of seasonal influenza infections and of strategic planning for future influenza pandemics. This review focuses on the two classes of approved antivirals, their drawbacks, and ongoing work to characterize novel agents or combination therapy approaches to address these shortcomings. The importance of these topics in the ongoing process of influenza pandemic planning is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Jones
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hui-Ling Yen
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Peter Adams
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kimberly Armstrong
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Elena A Govorkova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Daniels RS, McCauley JW. The health of influenza surveillance and pandemic preparedness in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. J Gen Virol 2023; 104. [PMID: 36800222 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is the first to have emerged when Next Generation Sequencing was readily available and it has played the major role in following evolution of the causative agent, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Response to the pandemic was greatly facilitated though use of existing influenza surveillance networks: World Health Organization (WHO) Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS), focussing largely on human influenza, and the OFFLU network of expertise on avian influenza established by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH). Data collection/deposition platforms associated with these networks, notably WHO's FluNet and the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) were/are being used intensely. Measures introduced to combat COVID-19 resulted in greatly decreased circulation of human seasonal influenza viruses for approximately 2 years, but circulation continued in the animal sector with an upsurge in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 with large numbers of wild bird deaths, culling of many poultry flocks and sporadic spill over into mammalian species, including humans, thereby increasing pandemic risk potential. While there are proposals/implementations to extend use of GISRS and GISAID to other infectious disease agents (e.g. Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Monkeypox), there is need to ensure that influenza surveillance is maintained and improved in both human and animal sectors in a sustainable manner to be truly prepared (early detection) for the next influenza pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodney Stuart Daniels
- Worldwide Influenza Centre (WIC), The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - John William McCauley
- Worldwide Influenza Centre (WIC), The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Johan SA, Abu Bakar U, Mohd Taib FS, Khairat JE. House crows ( Corvus splendens): the carrier of pathogenic viruses or the misunderstood bird? JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2022.2133902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Aishah Johan
- Microbiology & Molecular Genetics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences (ISB), Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Umarqayum Abu Bakar
- Microbiology & Molecular Genetics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences (ISB), Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farah Shafawati Mohd Taib
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Jasmine Elanie Khairat
- Microbiology & Molecular Genetics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences (ISB), Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xu D, Li C, Utz A, Weidenbacher PA, Tang S, Sanyal M, Pulendran B, Kim PS. Designing epitope-focused vaccines via antigen reorientation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.12.20.521291. [PMID: 36597536 PMCID: PMC9810212 DOI: 10.1101/2022.12.20.521291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in vaccine development, especially against rapidly evolving viruses, is the ability to focus the immune response toward evolutionarily conserved antigenic regions to confer broad protection. For example, while many broadly neutralizing antibodies against influenza have been found to target the highly conserved stem region of hemagglutinin (HA-stem), the immune response to seasonal influenza vaccines is predominantly directed to the immunodominant but variable head region (HA-head), leading to narrow-spectrum efficacy. Here, we first introduce an approach to controlling antigen orientation based on the site-specific insertion of short stretches of aspartate residues (oligoD) that facilitates antigen-binding to alum adjuvants. We demonstrate the generalizability of this approach to antigens from the Ebola virus, SARS-CoV-2, and influenza and observe enhanced antibody responses following immunization in all cases. Next, we use this approach to reorient HA in an "upside down" configuration, which we envision increases HA-stem exposure, therefore also improving its immunogenicity compared to HA-head. When applied to HA of H2N2 A/Japan/305/1957, the reoriented H2 HA (reoH2HA) on alum induced a stem-directed antibody response that cross-reacted with both group 1 and 2 influenza A HAs. Our results demonstrate the possibility and benefits of antigen reorientation via oligoD insertion, which represents a generalizable immunofocusing approach readily applicable for designing epitope-focused vaccine candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Utz
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Biophysics Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Payton A.B. Weidenbacher
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shaogeng Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mrinmoy Sanyal
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peter S. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Erten M, Acharya MR, Kamath AP, Sampathila N, Bairy GM, Aydemir E, Barua PD, Baygin M, Tuncer I, Dogan S, Tuncer T. Hamlet-Pattern-Based Automated COVID-19 and Influenza Detection Model Using Protein Sequences. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123181. [PMID: 36553188 PMCID: PMC9777168 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza-A can present similar symptoms. Computer-aided diagnosis can help facilitate screening for the two conditions, and may be especially relevant and useful in the current COVID-19 pandemic because seasonal Influenza-A infection can still occur. We have developed a novel text-based classification model for discriminating between the two conditions using protein sequences of varying lengths. We downloaded viral protein sequences of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza-A with varying lengths (all 100 or greater) from the NCBI database and randomly selected 16,901 SARS-CoV-2 and 19,523 Influenza-A sequences to form a two-class study dataset. We used a new feature extraction function based on a unique pattern, HamletPat, generated from the text of Shakespeare's Hamlet, and a signum function to extract local binary pattern-like bits from overlapping fixed-length (27) blocks of the protein sequences. The bits were converted to decimal map signals from which histograms were extracted and concatenated to form a final feature vector of length 1280. The iterative Chi-square function selected the 340 most discriminative features to feed to an SVM with a Gaussian kernel for classification. The model attained 99.92% and 99.87% classification accuracy rates using hold-out (75:25 split ratio) and five-fold cross-validations, respectively. The excellent performance of the lightweight, handcrafted HamletPat-based classification model suggests that it can be a valuable tool for screening protein sequences to discriminate between SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza-A infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Erten
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Malatya Training and Research Hospital, 44000 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Madhav R Acharya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 04478, India
| | - Aditya P Kamath
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Niranjana Sampathila
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 04478, India
| | - G Muralidhar Bairy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 04478, India
| | - Emrah Aydemir
- Department of Management Information, College of Management, Sakarya University, 54050 Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Prabal Datta Barua
- School of Management & Enterprise, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mehmet Baygin
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ardahan University, 75000 Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Tuncer
- Elazig Governorship, Interior Ministry, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sengul Dogan
- Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, Technology Faculty, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Turker Tuncer
- Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, Technology Faculty, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bao Y, Shi Y, Zhou L, Gao S, Yao R, Guo S, Geng Z, Bao L, Zhao R, Cui X. MicroRNA-205-5p: A potential therapeutic target for influenza A. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5917-5928. [PMID: 36403222 PMCID: PMC9716220 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2024] Open
Abstract
We are committed to finding host targets for influenza A therapeutics. The nucleoprotein (NP) plays an important role in influenza A virus replication and is an indispensable part of viral transcription and replication. Exploring endogenous substances that can modulate NP is critical for finding host targets. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miR) are a novel class of powerful, endogenous gene expression regulators. Herein, we used miRanda to analyse the base complementarity between the NP gene and the 14 host miRNAs reported previously by us. MiRanda predicted that miR-431-5p, miR-744-3p and miR-205-5p could complement the NP gene. To understand the effect of these miRNAs on NP expression, we co-transfected 293 T cells with NP gene sequence containing above miRNAs binding site or full sequence of NP gene (transfected into pmirGlo or pcDNA3.1 vectors, respectively), and mimics of miR-205-5p, miR-431-5p and miR-744-3p. Dual luciferase reporter gene or Western blotting assays confirmed that miR-205-5p and miR-431-5p inhibit NP expression by binding with the miRNA binding site of NP gene. Further, we infected Mouse Lung Epithelial (MLE-12) cells overexpressing miR-205-5p and miR-431-5p with influenza A virus and performed Western blotting to examine NP expression. We found that NP expression was significantly reduced in MLE-12 cells overexpressing miR-205-5p during influenza A infection. The miR-205-5p overexpression-induced inhibition of influenza A replication could be attributed to the inhibition of NP expression. Further, we administered oseltamivir and Jinchai Antiviral Capsules (JC, an anti-influenza Chinese medicine) to influenza A virus-infected MLE-12 cells and mice. We found that miR-205-5p was significantly decreased increased in infected cells and lung tissues, and oseltamivir and JC could up-regulate miR-205-5p. In conclusion, we provide new evidence that miR-205-5p plays a role in regulating viral NP protein expression in combating influenza A and may be a potential target for influenza A therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Bao
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yujing Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lirun Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shuangrong Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Rongmei Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zihan Geng
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lei Bao
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ronghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaolan Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Post-COVID Headache: A Literature Review. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2022; 26:835-842. [PMID: 36197571 PMCID: PMC9533267 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-022-01086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Post-COVID headache may be unique in presentation and mechanism, often presenting as a new phenotype in patients with a history of a primary headache disorder or resulting in a new headache syndrome in those without history of headache. This review presents a description of the literature published focused on post-COVID headache. Additionally, we discuss potential mechanisms and considerations for treatment of post-COVID headache. Recent Findings Headache is one of the most common symptoms of COVID. Common characteristics are revealed when reviewing the phenotypes of headaches that have been described in patients with COVID-19, with most headache phenotypes resembling migraine and new persistent daily headache. Post-COVID headaches are often described as moderate to severe, persistent, and treatment refractory. Summary This review highlights the diversity of presentation of headaches that present as a complication of COVID-19. Treatment of post-COVID headache is challenging, especially in the setting of a pandemic where resources are limited. Clinical Case A 42-year-old woman with a history of episodic migraine without aura presents over video visit with a new headache type. Her typical headaches are predominantly left sided, throbbing in nature, and associated with photophobia and phonophobia. They are fully relieved by oral sumatriptan 2 h after treatment. She describes this new headache as a constant, pulsating, holocephalic pain with no other migrainous features that have been ongoing for 6 weeks. She notes that the headache has been persistent since that time. She has tried over-the-counter acetaminophen and ibuprofen and her typical migraine abortive therapy without relief. She is debilitated and wonders if there is anything that will take the pain away. She shares that she tested positive for COVID-19 about 2 days prior to headache onset and has associated rhinorrhea, anosmia, and ageusia.
Collapse
|
25
|
Chew KW, Moser C, Daar ES, Wohl DA, Li JZ, Coombs RW, Ritz J, Giganti M, Javan AC, Li Y, Choudhary MC, Deo R, Malvestutto C, Klekotka P, Price K, Nirula A, Fischer W, Bala V, Ribeiro RM, Perelson AS, Fletcher CV, Eron JJ, Currier JS, Hughes MD, Smith DM. Antiviral and clinical activity of bamlanivimab in a randomized trial of non-hospitalized adults with COVID-19. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4931. [PMID: 35995785 PMCID: PMC9395368 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies are mainstay COVID-19 therapeutics. Safety, antiviral, and clinical efficacy of bamlanivimab were evaluated in the randomized controlled trial ACTIV-2/A5401. Non-hospitalized adults were randomized 1:1 within 10 days of COVID-19 symptoms to bamlanivimab or blinded-placebo in two dose-cohorts (7000 mg, n = 94; 700 mg, n = 223). No differences in bamlanivimab vs placebo were observed in the primary outcomes: proportion with undetectable nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA at days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 (risk ratio = 0.82-1.05 for 7000 mg [p(overall) = 0.88] and 0.81-1.21 for 700 mg [p(overall) = 0.49]), time to symptom improvement (median 21 vs 18.5 days [p = 0.97], 7000 mg; 24 vs 20.5 days [p = 0.08], 700 mg), or grade 3+ adverse events. However, bamlanivimab was associated with lower day 3 nasopharyngeal viral levels and faster reductions in inflammatory markers and viral decay by modeling. This study provides evidence of faster reductions in nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels but not shorter symptom durations in non-hospitalized adults with early variants of SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kara W Chew
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Carlee Moser
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric S Daar
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - David A Wohl
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Li
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert W Coombs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Justin Ritz
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Giganti
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yijia Li
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Manish C Choudhary
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rinki Deo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - William Fischer
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Veenu Bala
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacometrics, Jounce Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ruy M Ribeiro
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Alan S Perelson
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Courtney V Fletcher
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Joseph J Eron
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Judith S Currier
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Davey M Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ling YH, Wang H, Han MQ, Wang D, Hu YX, Zhou K, Li Y. Nucleoporin 85 interacts with influenza A virus PB1 and PB2 to promote its replication by facilitating nuclear import of ribonucleoprotein. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:895779. [PMID: 36051755 PMCID: PMC9426659 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.895779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription and replication of the influenza A virus (IAV) genome take place in the nucleus of infected cells, which rely on host factors to aid viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) to cross the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and complete the bidirectional nucleocytoplasmic trafficking. Here, we showed that nucleoporin 85 (NUP85), a component of NPC, interacted with RNP subunits polymerase basic 1 (PB1) and polymerase basic 2 (PB2) in an RNA-dependent manner during IAV infection. Knockdown of NUP85 delayed the nuclear import of vRNP, PB1 and PB2, inhibiting polymerase activity and ultimately suppressing viral replication. Further analysis revealed that NUP85 assisted the binding of PB1 to nuclear transport factor Ran-binding protein 5 (RanBP5) and the binding of PB2 to nuclear transport factor importin α1 and importin α7. We also found that NUP85 expression was downregulated upon IAV infection. Together, our study demonstrated that NUP85 positively regulated IAV infection by interacting with viral PB1 and PB2, which may provide new insight into the process of vRNP nuclear import and a novel target for effective antivirals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Huan Ling
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei-Qing Han
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Li,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xiao M, Lim-Ho Kong B, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Lu J, Lee HK, Cao F, Shaw PC. Anti-influenza mechanism of phenolic phytochemicals from Canarium album (Lour.) DC. leaf extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115175. [PMID: 35306041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Canarium album (Lour.) DC. belongs to the Burseraceae family. Its leaf, named as Ganlanye (GLY), was recorded to treat warm disease symptoms via clearing lung heat and toxicants in medical classics. Its aqueous extract had anti-influenza activity in our previous phenotypic screening. However, its active components and mechanism were not identified. AIM We aim to isolate the anti-influenza phytochemicals from GLY extract and explore its anti-flu mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS Influenza A virus infected MDCK cells were used to test the compounds and fractions. Structural analyses of new compounds were performed via NMR calculation with the combination of DP4plus probability method and computed electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Hemagglutination inhibitory assay and neuraminidase inhibitory assay were performed to find the target protein. Molecular docking and recombinant virus were used to confirm the action site of the three new canaroleosides. RESULTS Three new phenolic glycosides, canaroleosides A-C (1-3), and three known flavonoids (4-6), were isolated from the GLY aqueous extract and their anti-influenza virus mechanism was revealed. The absolute configurations of 1-3 were determined by ECD method, with the structure of the 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid moiety in 1 assigned by NMR calculation. Compound 1 was found to suppress both hemagglutinin and neuraminidase activities. Compounds 2, 3 4 and 6 inhibited neuraminidase, while compound 5 inhibited hemagglutinin. 1-3 could interact with Arg152 of the viral neuraminidase based on the result of molecular docking and reverse genetics. CONCLUSION Six phytochemicals were isolated from GLY aqueous extract and found to inhibit influenza A strains. They were found to interact with hemagglutinin or neuraminidase and canaroleosides 1-3 could interact with Arg152 of the viral neuraminidase. This study provided more evidence on the anti-influenza effect of Ganlan and laid the foundation for further generation of potent NA inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bobby Lim-Ho Kong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 077000, China
| | - Yinhua Yang
- SUSTech Core Research Facilities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hung-Kay Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fei Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 077000, China.
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants and Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China; Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Miranda MNS, Pingarilho M, Pimentel V, Torneri A, Seabra SG, Libin PJK, Abecasis AB. A Tale of Three Recent Pandemics: Influenza, HIV and SARS-CoV-2. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:889643. [PMID: 35722303 PMCID: PMC9201468 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.889643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases are one of the main threats to public health, with the potential to cause a pandemic when the infectious agent manages to spread globally. The first major pandemic to appear in the 20th century was the influenza pandemic of 1918, caused by the influenza A H1N1 strain that is characterized by a high fatality rate. Another major pandemic was caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), that started early in the 20th century and remained undetected until 1981. The ongoing HIV pandemic demonstrated a high mortality and morbidity rate, with discrepant impacts in different regions around the globe. The most recent major pandemic event, is the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has caused over 5.7 million deaths since its emergence, 2 years ago. The aim of this work is to highlight the main determinants of the emergence, epidemic response and available countermeasures of these three pandemics, as we argue that such knowledge is paramount to prepare for the next pandemic. We analyse these pandemics’ historical and epidemiological contexts and the determinants of their emergence. Furthermore, we compare pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions that have been used to slow down these three pandemics and zoom in on the technological advances that were made in the progress. Finally, we discuss the evolution of epidemiological modelling, that has become an essential tool to support public health policy making and discuss it in the context of these three pandemics. While these pandemics are caused by distinct viruses, that ignited in different time periods and in different regions of the globe, our work shows that many of the determinants of their emergence and countermeasures used to halt transmission were common. Therefore, it is important to further improve and optimize such approaches and adapt it to future threatening emerging infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda N S Miranda
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical/Universidade Nova de Lisboa (IHMT/UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Pingarilho
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical/Universidade Nova de Lisboa (IHMT/UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Victor Pimentel
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical/Universidade Nova de Lisboa (IHMT/UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andrea Torneri
- Artificial Intelligence Lab, Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sofia G Seabra
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical/Universidade Nova de Lisboa (IHMT/UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pieter J K Libin
- Artificial Intelligence Lab, Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana B Abecasis
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical/Universidade Nova de Lisboa (IHMT/UNL), Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Watkins RR. Using Precision Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Viral Pneumonia. Adv Ther 2022; 39:3061-3071. [PMID: 35596912 PMCID: PMC9123616 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-022-02180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn considerable attention to viral pneumonia from clinicians, public health authorities, and the general public. With dozens of viruses able to cause pneumonia in humans, differentiating viral from bacterial pneumonia can be very challenging in clinical practice using traditional diagnostic methods. Precision medicine is a medical model in which decisions, practices, interventions, and therapies are adapted to the individual patient on the basis of their predicted response or risk of disease. Precision medicine approaches hold promise as a way to improve outcomes for patients with viral pneumonia. This review describes the latest advances in the use of precision medicine for diagnosing and treating viral pneumonia in adults and discusses areas where further research is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard R Watkins
- Department of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Archival influenza virus genomes from Europe reveal genomic variability during the 1918 pandemic. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2314. [PMID: 35538057 PMCID: PMC9090925 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The 1918 influenza pandemic was the deadliest respiratory pandemic of the 20th century and determined the genomic make-up of subsequent human influenza A viruses (IAV). Here, we analyze both the first 1918 IAV genomes from Europe and the first from samples prior to the autumn peak. 1918 IAV genomic diversity is consistent with a combination of local transmission and long-distance dispersal events. Comparison of genomes before and during the pandemic peak shows variation at two sites in the nucleoprotein gene associated with resistance to host antiviral response, pointing at a possible adaptation of 1918 IAV to humans. Finally, local molecular clock modeling suggests a pure pandemic descent of seasonal H1N1 IAV as an alternative to the hypothesis of origination through an intrasubtype reassortment. For archival pathogens, like pH1N1 Influenza A virus the causative agent of 1918/19 pandemic, only few whole genome sequences exist. Here, Patrono et al. provide one complete and two partial genomes from Germany and find variation in two sites in the nucleoprotein gene in pandemic samples compared to pre-pandemic samples, that are associated with resistance to host antiviral response, pointing at a possible viral adaptation to humans.
Collapse
|
31
|
Guillon A, Brea-Diakite D, Cezard A, Wacquiez A, Baranek T, Bourgeais J, Picou F, Vasseur V, Meyer L, Chevalier C, Auvet A, Carballido JM, Nadal Desbarats L, Dingli F, Turtoi A, Le Gouellec A, Fauvelle F, Donchet A, Crépin T, Hiemstra PS, Paget C, Loew D, Herault O, Naffakh N, Le Goffic R, Si-Tahar M. Host succinate inhibits influenza virus infection through succinylation and nuclear retention of the viral nucleoprotein. EMBO J 2022; 41:e108306. [PMID: 35506364 PMCID: PMC9194747 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus infection causes considerable morbidity and mortality, but current therapies have limited efficacy. We hypothesized that investigating the metabolic signaling during infection may help to design innovative antiviral approaches. Using bronchoalveolar lavages of infected mice, we here demonstrate that influenza virus induces a major reprogramming of lung metabolism. We focused on mitochondria‐derived succinate that accumulated both in the respiratory fluids of virus‐challenged mice and of patients with influenza pneumonia. Notably, succinate displays a potent antiviral activity in vitro as it inhibits the multiplication of influenza A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 strains and strongly decreases virus‐triggered metabolic perturbations and inflammatory responses. Moreover, mice receiving succinate intranasally showed reduced viral loads in lungs and increased survival compared to control animals. The antiviral mechanism involves a succinate‐dependent posttranslational modification, that is, succinylation, of the viral nucleoprotein at the highly conserved K87 residue. Succinylation of viral nucleoprotein altered its electrostatic interactions with viral RNA and further impaired the trafficking of viral ribonucleoprotein complexes. The finding that succinate efficiently disrupts the influenza replication cycle opens up new avenues for improved treatment of influenza pneumonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Guillon
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Deborah Brea-Diakite
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Adeline Cezard
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Alan Wacquiez
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Thomas Baranek
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jérôme Bourgeais
- Université de Tours, Tours, France.,CNRS ERL 7001 LNOx "Leukemic niche and redox metabolism", Tours, France.,Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Frédéric Picou
- Université de Tours, Tours, France.,CNRS ERL 7001 LNOx "Leukemic niche and redox metabolism", Tours, France.,Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Virginie Vasseur
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Léa Meyer
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, INRAe, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christophe Chevalier
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, INRAe, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Adrien Auvet
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Florent Dingli
- Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Audrey Le Gouellec
- CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Florence Fauvelle
- UGA/INSERM U1216, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble, France.,UGA/INSERM US17, Grenoble MRI Facility IRMaGe, Grenoble, France
| | - Amélie Donchet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Thibaut Crépin
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Christophe Paget
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Herault
- Université de Tours, Tours, France.,CNRS ERL 7001 LNOx "Leukemic niche and redox metabolism", Tours, France.,Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Nadia Naffakh
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Biologie des ARN et Virus Influenza, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France
| | - Ronan Le Goffic
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, INRAe, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mustapha Si-Tahar
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France.,Université de Tours, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Roberts NJ, Krilov LR. The Continued Threat of Influenza A Viruses. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050883. [PMID: 35632626 PMCID: PMC9143665 DOI: 10.3390/v14050883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major cause of respiratory infections worldwide, with the most severe cases occurring in the very young and in elderly individuals [...]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norbert J. Roberts
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(409)-771-3358; Fax: +1-(212)-263-3206
| | - Leonard R. Krilov
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ovchinnikov V, Karplus M. A Coarse-Grained Model of Affinity Maturation Indicates the Importance of B-Cell Receptor Avidity in Epitope Subdominance. Front Immunol 2022; 13:816634. [PMID: 35371013 PMCID: PMC8971376 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.816634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a major goal in the design of vaccines against rapidly-mutating viruses. In the case of influenza, many bnAbs that target conserved epitopes on the stem of the hemagglutinin protein (HA) have been discovered. However, these antibodies are rare, are not boosted well upon reinfection, and often have low neutralization potency, compared to strain-specific antibodies directed to the HA head. Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain this phenomenon. We use a coarse-grained computational model of the germinal center reaction to investigate how B-cell receptor binding valency affects the growth and affinity maturation of competing B-cells. We find that receptors that are unable to bind antigen bivalently, and also those that do not bind antigen cooperatively, have significantly slower rates of growth, memory B-cell production, and, under certain conditions, rates of affinity maturation. The corresponding B-cells are predicted to be outcompeted by B-cells that bind bivalently and cooperatively. We use the model to explore strategies for a universal influenza vaccine, e.g., how to boost the concentrations of the slower growing cross-reactive antibodies directed to the stem. The results suggest that, upon natural reinfections subsequent to vaccination, the protectiveness of such vaccines would erode, possibly requiring regular boosts. Collectively, our results strongly support the importance of bivalent antibody binding in immunodominance, and suggest guidelines for developing a universal influenza vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Ovchinnikov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Victor Ovchinnikov, ; ; Martin Karplus,
| | - Martin Karplus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique, ISIS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- *Correspondence: Victor Ovchinnikov, ; ; Martin Karplus,
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hoque MN, Faisal GM, Chowdhury FR, Haque A, Islam T. The urgency of wider adoption of one health approach for the prevention of a future pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONE HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.14202/ijoh.2022.20-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurring outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses serve as a reminder that the health of humans, animals, and the environment are interconnected. Therefore, multisectoral, transdisciplinary, and collaborative approaches are required at local, regional, and global levels to tackle the ever-increasing zoonotic threat. The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 zoonosis has been posing tremendous threats to global human health and economies. The devastation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic teaches us to adopt a "One Health Approach (OHA)" to tackle a possible future pandemic through a concerted effort of the global scientific community, human health professionals, public health experts, veterinarians and policymakers through open science and open data sharing practices. The OHA is an integrated, holistic, collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach to tackle potential pandemic zoonotic diseases. It includes expanding scientific inquiry into zoonotic infections; monitoring, and regulating traditional food markets, transforming existing food systems, and incentivizing animal husbandry and legal wildlife trade to adopt effective zoonotic control measures. To adopt an OHA globally, research and academic institutions, governments and non-government sectors at the local, regional, and international levels must work together. This review aimed to provide an overview of the major pandemics in human history including the COVID-19, anthropogenic drivers of zoonoses, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse zoonoses, the concept of OHA and how an OHA could be utilized to prevent future pandemic threats to the human-animal-ecosystem interfaces. In addition, this review article discusses the strategic framework of OHA and possible challenges to implement OHA in practice to prevent any future pandemics. The practices of open data sharing, open science, and international collaboration should be included in the OHA to prevent and/or rapidly tackle any health emergencies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Nazmul Hoque
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Mahbub Faisal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Farhan Rahman Chowdhury
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Amlan Haque
- School of Business and Law, CQUniversity, Sydney Campus, Australia
| | - Tofazzal Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Houser KV, Chen GL, Carter C, Crank MC, Nguyen TA, Burgos Florez MC, Berkowitz NM, Mendoza F, Hendel CS, Gordon IJ, Coates EE, Vazquez S, Stein J, Case CL, Lawlor H, Carlton K, Gaudinski MR, Strom L, Hofstetter AR, Liang CJ, Narpala S, Hatcher C, Gillespie RA, Creanga A, Kanekiyo M, Raab JE, Andrews SF, Zhang Y, Yang ES, Wang L, Leung K, Kong WP, Freyn AW, Nachbagauer R, Palese P, Bailer RT, McDermott AB, Koup RA, Gall JG, Arnold F, Mascola JR, Graham BS, Ledgerwood JE. Safety and immunogenicity of a ferritin nanoparticle H2 influenza vaccine in healthy adults: a phase 1 trial. Nat Med 2022; 28:383-391. [PMID: 35115706 PMCID: PMC10588819 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Currently, licensed seasonal influenza vaccines display variable vaccine effectiveness, and there remains a need for novel vaccine platforms capable of inducing broader responses against viral protein domains conserved among influenza subtypes. We conducted a first-in-human, randomized, open-label, phase 1 clinical trial ( NCT03186781 ) to evaluate a novel ferritin (H2HA-Ferritin) nanoparticle influenza vaccine platform. The H2 subtype has not circulated in humans since 1968. Adults born after 1968 have been exposed to only the H1 subtype of group 1 influenza viruses, which shares a conserved stem with H2. Including both H2-naive and H2-exposed adults in the trial allowed us to evaluate memory responses against the conserved stem domain in the presence or absence of pre-existing responses against the immunodominant HA head domain. Fifty healthy participants 18-70 years of age received H2HA-Ferritin intramuscularly as a single 20-μg dose (n = 5) or a 60-μg dose either twice in a homologous (n = 25) prime-boost regimen or once in a heterologous (n = 20) prime-boost regimen after a matched H2 DNA vaccine prime. The primary objective of this trial was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of H2HA-Ferritin either alone or in prime-boost regimens. The secondary objective was to evaluate antibody responses after vaccination. Both vaccines were safe and well tolerated, with the most common solicited symptom being mild headache after both H2HA-Ferritin (n = 15, 22%) and H2 DNA (n = 5, 25%). Exploratory analyses identified neutralizing antibody responses elicited by the H2HA-Ferritin vaccine in both H2-naive and H2-exposed populations. Furthermore, broadly neutralizing antibody responses against group 1 influenza viruses, including both seasonal H1 and avian H5 subtypes, were induced in the H2-naive population through targeting the HA stem. This ferritin nanoparticle vaccine technology represents a novel, safe and immunogenic platform with potential application for pandemic preparedness and universal influenza vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine V Houser
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Grace L Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cristina Carter
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michelle C Crank
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thuy A Nguyen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria Claudia Burgos Florez
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nina M Berkowitz
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Floreliz Mendoza
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia Starr Hendel
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ingelise J Gordon
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emily E Coates
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sandra Vazquez
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Judy Stein
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher L Case
- Vaccine Clinical Materials Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Heather Lawlor
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Carlton
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martin R Gaudinski
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Commissioned Corps, U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Larisa Strom
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amelia R Hofstetter
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C Jason Liang
- Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sandeep Narpala
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christian Hatcher
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca A Gillespie
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adrian Creanga
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie E Raab
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah F Andrews
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eun Sung Yang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kwanyee Leung
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wing-Pui Kong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alec W Freyn
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raffael Nachbagauer
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Palese
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert T Bailer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adrian B McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard A Koup
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason G Gall
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Frank Arnold
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie E Ledgerwood
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mishra R, Behera LM, Rana S. Binding of raloxifene to human complement fragment 5a ( hC5a): a perspective on cytokine storm and COVID19. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:982-994. [PMID: 32930050 PMCID: PMC7544936 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1820381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Human C5a (hC5a), one of the pro-inflammatory glycoproteins of the complement system is known to undergo production hyperdrive in response to stress and infection. hC5a has been associated with the pathogenesis of many chronic and acute diseases, due to its proven ability in triggering the 'cytokine storm', by binding to its cognate receptor C5aR, expressed in myriad of tissues. Given the pleiotropic downstream function of hC5a, it is logical to consider the hC5a or its precursors as potential drug targets, and thus, we have been rationally pursuing the idea of neutralizing the harmful effect of excessive hC5a, by implementing the repurposing strategies for FDA-approved drugs. Indeed, the proof of principle biophysical studies published recently is encouraging, which strongly supports the potential of this strategy. Considering BSA-carprofen as a reference model system, the current study further explores the inherent conformational plasticity of hC5a and its effect in accommodating more than one drug molecule cooperatively at multiple sites. The data generated by recruiting a battery of experimental and computational biology techniques strongly suggest that hC5a can sequentially accommodate more than one raloxifene molecule with an estimated Ki ∼ 0.5 µM and Ki ∼ 3.58 µM on its surface at non-analogous sites. The study hints at exploration of polypharmacology approach, as a new avenue for discovering synergistic drug molecule pairs, or drug molecules with 'broad-range' binding affinity for targeting the different 'hot spots' on hC5a, as an alternative combination therapy for possible management of the 'cytokine storm'-related inflammatory diseases, like COVID19.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Mishra
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Lalita Mohan Behera
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Soumendra Rana
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ferrero MR, Tavares LP, Garcia CC. The Dual Role of CCR5 in the Course of Influenza Infection: Exploring Treatment Opportunities. Front Immunol 2022; 12:826621. [PMID: 35126379 PMCID: PMC8810482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.826621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is one of the most relevant respiratory viruses to human health causing annual epidemics, and recurrent pandemics. Influenza disease is principally associated with inappropriate activation of the immune response. Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and its cognate chemokines CCL3, CCL4 and CCL5 are rapidly induced upon influenza infection, contributing to leukocyte recruitment into the airways and a consequent effective antiviral response. Here we discuss the existing evidence for CCR5 role in the host immune responses to influenza virus. Complete absence of CCR5 in mice revealed the receptor’s role in coping with influenza via the recruitment of early memory CD8+ T cells, B cell activation and later recruitment of activated CD4+ T cells. Moreover, CCR5 contributes to inflammatory resolution by enhancing alveolar macrophages survival and reprogramming macrophages to pro-resolving phenotypes. In contrast, CCR5 activation is associated with excessive recruitment of neutrophils, inflammatory monocytes, and NK cells in models of severe influenza pneumonia. The available data suggests that, while CCL5 can play a protective role in influenza infection, CCL3 may contribute to an overwhelming inflammatory process that can harm the lung tissue. In humans, the gene encoding CCR5 might contain a 32-base pair deletion, resulting in a truncated protein. While discordant data in literature regarding this CCR5 mutation and influenza severity, the association of CCR5delta32 and HIV resistance fostered the development of different CCR5 inhibitors, now being tested in lung inflammation therapy. The potential use of CCR5 inhibitors to modulate the inflammatory response in severe human influenza infections is to be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Ruben Ferrero
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Maximiliano Ruben Ferrero,
| | - Luciana Pádua Tavares
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cristiana Couto Garcia
- Laboratory of Respiratory Virus and Measles, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
The arrival of the most recent coronavirus in 2019, SARS-CoV-2, caught the entire world by surprise, and as a result has caused more anguish due to its rapid spread and serious health consequences for the elderly and those with underlying health conditions, and its ability to generate variants of ever increasing contagiousness. But this was not the first coronavirus to infect humans. This chapter explores the history of this virus family, the emergence of the first serious infection in 2003–04 (SARS-CoV), and the related virus MERS in 2012, and the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2. The lessons of those two outbreaks that never developed into pandemics may not all have been learnt by the world health leaders of today. Nevertheless, the rapidity of vaccine development and the conventional health measure introduced during 2020, not always in good time, has almost certainly led to lower morbidities and mortalities that would otherwise have been the case. This chapter will inevitably be out of date by time this book goes to press. Nevertheless, it is to be hoped that the origin of SARS-CoV-2 will eventually be established, but sadly not without the cooperation of the major countries having the resources to carry out such complex investigations. If such a cooperation did happen, maybe future pandemics of this will be more controllable, and even never progress beyond local outbreaks.
Collapse
|
39
|
Kayal G, Balfaqih H, Durani F, Akeel H, Abukwaik A, Azudin N. Evaluating the Impact of Verified Government Accounts on the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Intentions of Saudi Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.4018/ijegr.288073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Governments utilize various media channels to disseminate knowledge pertaining to infectious diseases such as COVID-19. When it was declared a pandemic, society began to depend on the media for critical information and countermeasures that would facilitate tackling the virus. The main objective of this research is to examine the impact of verified Saudi government accounts across various media outlets on respondents’ knowledge, attitudes, and intentions regarding COVID-19.A structured online questionnaire was distributed and 315 responses were used for analysis. The results were analyzed using SPSS. The results indicate that the residents of Saudi Arabia have adequate knowledge concerning the symptoms, precautionary measures, and modes of transmission of COVID-19. The respondents have gained this knowledge from verified Saudi government accounts across various media outlets, most prominently via social media..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer Kayal
- University of Business and Technology, Saudi Arabia & Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Farah Durani
- University of Business and Technology, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Akeel
- University of Business and Technology, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chung DR. Responses against infectious disease pandemics: a narrative review on COVID-19. PRECISION AND FUTURE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.23838/pfm.2021.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the world is facing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. With this, an emerging infectious disease pandemic in the absence of effective antiviral agents and vaccines for a novel virus is no different from the 1918 influenza pandemic, which became a great disaster for humankind. We also experienced a global lockdown with a stringent implementation of social distancing, which is a first for mankind living in the present day, and has led to enormous economic damage and restrictions on individual freedom. The microorganism that will cause the next pandemic may be a highly fatal avian influenza virus, another coronavirus, or a completely different microorganism. This COVID-19 pandemic is an enormous lesson for humankind and is tantamount to a vaccine in preparation for the next pandemic. Important and urgent undertakings were given to each country in terms of complementing laws and regulations for a stronger and more resilient healthcare system, such as investment in research and development for new rapid diagnostic technologies, vaccines, new therapeutic agents, among others.
Collapse
|
41
|
Chew KW, Moser C, Daar ES, Wohl DA, Li JZ, Coombs R, Ritz J, Giganti M, Javan AC, Li Y, Malvestutto C, Klekotka P, Price K, Nirula A, Fischer W, Bala V, Ribeiro RM, Perelson AS, Fletcher CV, Eron JJ, Currier JS, Hughes MD, Smith DM. Bamlanivimab reduces nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels but not symptom duration in non-hospitalized adults with COVID-19: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021:2021.12.17.21268009. [PMID: 34981077 PMCID: PMC8722620 DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.17.21268009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Importance The antiviral activity and efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies to accelerate recovery from COVID-19 is important to define. Objective To determine safety and efficacy of the mAb bamlanivimab to reduce nasopharyngeal (NP) SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels and symptom duration. Design ACTIV-2/A5401 is a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled platform trial. Two dose cohorts were enrolled between August 19 and November 17, 2020 for phase 2 evaluation: in the first, participants were randomized 1:1 to bamlanivimab 7000 mg versus placebo, and in the second to bamlanivimab 700 mg versus placebo. Randomization was stratified by time from symptom onset (≤ or >5 days) and risk of progression to severe COVID-19 ("higher" vs "lower"). Setting Multicenter trial conducted at U.S. sites. Participants Non-hospitalized adults ≥18 years of age with positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen or nucleic acid test within 7 days, ≤10 days of COVID-19 symptoms, and with oxygen saturation ≥92% within 48 hours prior to study entry. Intervention Single infusion of bamlanivimab (7000 or 700 mg) or placebo. Main Outcomes and Measures Detection of NP SARS-CoV-2 RNA at days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28, time to improvement of all of 13 targeted COVID-19 symptoms by daily self-assessment through day 28, and grade 3 or higher treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) through day 28. Secondary measures included quantitative NP SARS-CoV-2 RNA, all-cause hospitalizations and deaths (composite), area under the curve of symptom scores from day 0 through day 28, plasma bamlanivimab concentrations, plasma and serum inflammatory biomarkers, and safety through week 24. Results Ninety-four participants were enrolled to the 7000 mg cohort and 223 to the 700 mg cohort and initiated study intervention. The proportion meeting protocol criteria for "higher" risk for COVID-19 progression was 42% and 51% for the 7000 and 700 mg cohort, respectively. Median time from symptom onset at study entry for both cohorts was 6 days. There was no difference in the proportion with undetectable NP SARS-CoV-2 RNA at any post-treatment timepoints (risk ratio compared to placebo, 0.82-1.05 for 7000 mg dose [overall p=0.88] and 0.81-1.21 for 700 mg dose [overall p=0.49]), time to symptom improvement (median of 21 vs 18.5 days, p=0.97, for 7000 mg bamlanivimab vs placebo and 24 vs 20.5 days, p=0.08, for 700 mg bamlanivimab vs placebo), or grade 3+ TEAEs with either dose compared to placebo. Median NP SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels were lower at day 3 and C-reactive protein, ferritin, and fibrinogen levels significantly reduced at days 7 and 14 for bamlanivimab 700 mg compared to placebo, with similar trends observed for bamlanivimab 7000 mg. Viral decay modeling supported more rapid decay with bamlanivimab compared to placebo. Conclusions and Relevance Treatment with bamlanivimab 7000 mg and 700 mg was safe and compared to placebo led to more rapid reductions in NP SARS-CoV-2 RNA and inflammatory biomarkers, but did not decrease time to symptom improvement. The clinical utility of mAbs for outcomes other than hospitalizations and deaths is uncertain. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04518410.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kara W Chew
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carlee Moser
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Eric S Daar
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - David A Wohl
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill NC, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Li
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Coombs
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and and Pathology; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Justin Ritz
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Giganti
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yijia Li
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Karen Price
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - William Fischer
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill NC, USA
| | - Veenu Bala
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ruy M Ribeiro
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Alan S Perelson
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Courtney V Fletcher
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Joseph J Eron
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill NC, USA
| | - Judith S Currier
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Davey M Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Saito K, Ai T, Kawai A, Matsui J, Fukushima Y, Kikukawa N, Kyoutou T, Chonan M, Kawakami T, Hosaka Y, Misawa S, Takagi H, Matsushita Y, Hiki M, Okuzawa A, Hori S, Naito T, Miida T, Takahashi K, Tabe Y. Performance and usefulness of a novel automated immunoassay HISCL SARS-CoV-2 Antigen assay kit for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23196. [PMID: 34853366 PMCID: PMC8636628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02636-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of a novel automated immunoassay HISCL SARS-CoV-2 Antigen assay kit designed to detect the nucleocapsid (N) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This kit comprises automated chemiluminescence detection systems. Western blot analysis confirmed that anti-SARS-CoV antibodies detected SARS-CoV-2N proteins. The best cut-off index was determined, and clinical performance was tested using 115 nasopharyngeal swab samples obtained from 46 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 69 individuals who tested negative for COVID-19 through reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The HISCL Antigen assay kit showed a sensitivity of 95.4% and 16.6% in samples with copy numbers > 100 and < 99, respectively. The kit did not cross-react with human coronaviruses causing seasonal common cold and influenza, and none of the 69 individuals without COVID-19 were diagnosed with positive results. Importantly, 81.8% of the samples with low virus load (< 50 copy numbers) were diagnosed as negative. Thus, using HISCL antigen assay kits may reduce overdiagnosis compared with RT-qPCR tests. The rapid and high-throughput HISCL SARS-CoV-2 Antigen assay kit developed here proved suitable for screening infectious COVID-19 and may help control the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Saito
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akinori Kawai
- Clinical Innovation, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jun Matsui
- LS Medical Affairs, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Masayoshi Chonan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeaki Kawakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshie Hosaka
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Misawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhi Takagi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Matsushita
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Hiki
- Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okuzawa
- Department of Coloproctological Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hori
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Naito
- Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Miida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Tabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,Department of Next Generation Hematology Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cumpstey AF, Clark AD, Santolini J, Jackson AA, Feelisch M. COVID-19: A Redox Disease-What a Stress Pandemic Can Teach Us About Resilience and What We May Learn from the Reactive Species Interactome About Its Treatment. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1226-1268. [PMID: 33985343 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affects every aspect of human life by challenging bodily, socioeconomic, and political systems at unprecedented levels. As vaccines become available, their distribution, safety, and efficacy against emerging variants remain uncertain, and specific treatments are lacking. Recent Advances: Initially affecting the lungs, COVID-19 is a complex multisystems disease that disturbs the whole-body redox balance and can be long-lasting (Long-COVID). Numerous risk factors have been identified, but the reasons for variations in susceptibility to infection, disease severity, and outcome are poorly understood. The reactive species interactome (RSI) was recently introduced as a framework to conceptualize how cells and whole organisms sense, integrate, and accommodate stress. Critical Issues: We here consider COVID-19 as a redox disease, offering a holistic perspective of its effects on the human body, considering the vulnerability of complex interconnected systems with multiorgan/multilevel interdependencies. Host/viral glycan interactions underpin SARS-CoV-2's extraordinary efficiency in gaining cellular access, crossing the epithelial/endothelial barrier to spread along the vascular/lymphatic endothelium, and evading antiviral/antioxidant defences. An inflammation-driven "oxidative storm" alters the redox landscape, eliciting epithelial, endothelial, mitochondrial, metabolic, and immune dysfunction, and coagulopathy. Concomitantly reduced nitric oxide availability renders the sulfur-based redox circuitry vulnerable to oxidation, with eventual catastrophic failure in redox communication/regulation. Host nutrient limitations are crucial determinants of resilience at the individual and population level. Future Directions: While inflicting considerable damage to health and well-being, COVID-19 may provide the ultimate testing ground to improve the diagnosis and treatment of redox-related stress diseases. "Redox phenotyping" of patients to characterize whole-body RSI status as the disease progresses may inform new therapeutic approaches to regain redox balance, reduce mortality in COVID-19 and other redox diseases, and provide opportunities to tackle Long-COVID. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1226-1268.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Cumpstey
- Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anna D Clark
- Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jérôme Santolini
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Biochemistry, Biophysics and Structural Biology, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alan A Jackson
- Human Nutrition, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rogolino D, Naesens L, Bartoli J, Carcelli M, De Luca L, Pelosi G, Stokes RW, Van Berwaer R, Vittorio S, Stevaert A, Cohen SM. Exploration of the 2,3-dihydroisoindole pharmacophore for inhibition of the influenza virus PA endonuclease. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105388. [PMID: 34670331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal influenza A and B viruses represent a global concern. Antiviral drugs are crucial to treat severe influenza in high-risk patients and prevent virus spread in case of a pandemic. The emergence of viruses showing drug resistance, in particular for the recently licensed polymerase inhibitor baloxavir marboxil, drives the need for developing alternative antivirals. The endonuclease activity residing in the N-terminal domain of the polymerase acidic protein (PAN) is crucial for viral RNA synthesis and a validated target for drug design. Its function can be impaired by molecules bearing a metal-binding pharmacophore (MBP) able to coordinate the two divalent metal ions in the active site. In the present work, the 2,3-dihydro-6,7-dihydroxy-1H-isoindol-1-one scaffold is explored for the inhibition of influenza virus PA endonuclease. The structure-activity relationship was analysed by modifying the substituents on the lipophilic moiety linked to the MBP. The new compounds exhibited nanomolar inhibitory activity in a FRET-based enzymatic assay, and a few compounds (15-17, 21) offered inhibition in the micromolar range, in a cell-based influenza virus polymerase assay. When investigated against a panel of PA-mutant forms, compound 17 was shown to retain full activity against the baloxavir-resistant I38T mutant. This was corroborated by docking studies providing insight into the binding mode of this novel class of PA inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominga Rogolino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, and CIRCMSB (Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici) Parma Unit, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Lieve Naesens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jennifer Bartoli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, and CIRCMSB (Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici) Parma Unit, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, and CIRCMSB (Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici) Parma Unit, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Laura De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata, Università di Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, Messina I-98168, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, and CIRCMSB (Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici) Parma Unit, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Ryjul W Stokes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Ria Van Berwaer
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Serena Vittorio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata, Università di Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, Messina I-98168, Italy
| | - Annelies Stevaert
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Seth M Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Unwin RJ. The 1918 Influenza Pandemic: Back to the Future? Kidney Blood Press Res 2021; 46:639-646. [PMID: 34662882 DOI: 10.1159/000519288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is just over a century since the 1918 flu pandemic, sometimes referred to as the "mother" of pandemics. This brief retrospective of the 1918 pandemic is taken from the viewpoint of the current SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic and is based on a short lecture given during the 2021 Virtual Congress of the ERA-EDTA. SUMMARY This review summarizes and highlights some of the earlier pandemic's salient features, some parallels with today, and some potential learnings, bearing in mind that the flu pandemic occurred over 100 years ago at a time of major turmoil during the climax to WWl, and with limited medical expertise and knowledge, research facilities, or well-structured and resourced healthcare services. While there is little or no information on renal complications at the time, or an effective treatment, some observations in relation to COVID-19 and vaccination are included. Key Messages: Lessons are difficult to draw from 1918 other than the importance and value of non-pharmaceutical measures to limit viral transmission. While the economic impact of the 1918 pandemic was significant, as it is now with COVID-19, subsequent economic analysis has shown that protecting public health and preserving economic activity are not mutually exclusive. Both H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 viruses are neurotropic and may cause chronically debilitating neurological diseases, including conditions such as encephalitis lethargica (still debated) and myalgic encephalomyelitis (chronic fatigue syndrome), respectively. Although coronavirus and influenza viral infections have some similarities, they are certainly not the same, as we are realising, and future infectious pandemics may still surprise us, but being "forewarned is forearmed."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Unwin
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital Trust, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Muñoz-Moreno R, Martínez-Romero C, García-Sastre A. Induction and Evasion of Type-I Interferon Responses during Influenza A Virus Infection. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2021; 11:a038414. [PMID: 32661015 PMCID: PMC8485741 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a038414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are contagious pathogens and one of the leading causes of respiratory tract infections in both humans and animals worldwide. Upon infection, the innate immune system provides the first line of defense to neutralize or limit the replication of invading pathogens, creating a fast and broad response that brings the cells into an alerted state through the secretion of cytokines and the induction of the interferon (IFN) pathway. At the same time, IAVs have developed a plethora of immune evasion mechanisms in order to avoid or circumvent the host antiviral response, promoting viral replication. Herein, we will review and summarize already known and recently described innate immune mechanisms that host cells use to fight IAV viral infections as well as the main strategies developed by IAVs to overcome such powerful defenses during this fascinating virus-host interplay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Muñoz-Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Carles Martínez-Romero
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Nuwarda RF, Alharbi AA, Kayser V. An Overview of Influenza Viruses and Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1032. [PMID: 34579269 PMCID: PMC8473132 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9091032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza remains one of the major public health concerns because it causes annual epidemics and can potentially instigate a global pandemic. Numerous countermeasures, including vaccines and antiviral treatments, are in use against seasonal influenza infection; however, their effectiveness has always been discussed due to the ongoing resistance to antivirals and relatively low and unpredictable efficiency of influenza vaccines compared to other vaccines. The growing interest in vaccines as a promising approach to prevent and control influenza may provide alternative vaccine development options with potentially increased efficiency. In addition to currently available inactivated, live-attenuated, and recombinant influenza vaccines on the market, novel platforms such as virus-like particles (VLPs) and nanoparticles, and new vaccine formulations are presently being explored. These platforms provide the opportunity to design influenza vaccines with improved properties to maximize quality, efficacy, and safety. The influenza vaccine manufacturing process is also moving forward with advancements relating to egg- and cell-based production, purification processes, and studies into the physicochemical attributes and vaccine degradation pathways. These will contribute to the design of more stable, optimized vaccine formulations guided by contemporary analytical testing methods and via the implementation of the latest advances in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Veysel Kayser
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (R.F.N.); (A.A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Duncan D, Smart A. Supporting the well-being of nurses working during COVID-19. Nurs Manag (Harrow) 2021; 28:36-40. [PMID: 33942592 DOI: 10.7748/nm.2021.e1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was a pandemic. As the COVID-19 pandemic has developed there have been many parallels made with other pandemics and epidemics, such as the 1918 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic and the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic. This article discusses the challenges experienced by healthcare staff working during COVID-19, and the lessons that can be learned, such as the enhanced support required for staff.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Duncan
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Alison Smart
- Queens University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Most currently used conventional influenza vaccines are based on 1940s technology. Advances in vaccine immunogen design and delivery emerging over the last decade promise new options for improving influenza vaccines. In addition, new technologies for immune profiling provide better-defined immune correlates of protection and precise surrogate biomarkers for vaccine evaluations. Major technological advances include single-cell analysis, high-throughput antibody discovery, next-generation sequencing of antibody gene transcripts, antibody ontogeny, structure-guided immunogen design, nanoparticle display, delivery and formulation options, and better adjuvants. In this review, we provide our prospective outlook for improved influenza vaccines in the foreseeable future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ingrole RSJ, Tao W, Joshi G, Gill HS. M2e conjugated gold nanoparticle influenza vaccine displays thermal stability at elevated temperatures and confers protection to ferrets. Vaccine 2021; 39:4800-4809. [PMID: 34301431 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently approved influenza vaccines are not only limited in breadth of protection but also have a limited shelf-life of 12-18 months when stored under appropriate conditions (2-8 °C). Inadvertent alteration in storage temperatures during manufacturing, transportation, distribution until delivery to patient, can damage the vaccine thus reducing its efficacy. A thermally stable vaccine can decrease the economic burden by reducing reliance on refrigeration system and can also enhance outreach of the vaccination program by allowing transportation to remote areas of the world where refrigerated conditions are scarce. We have previously developed a broadly protective influenza A vaccine by coupling the highly conserved extracellular region of the matrix 2 protein (M2e) of influenza A virus to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and upon subsequent addition of toll-like receptor 9 agonist - CpG, as an adjuvant, have shown its breadth of protection in a mouse model. In this study, we show that the vaccine is thermally stable when stored at 4 °C for 3 months, 37 °C for 3 months and 50 °C for 2 weeks in its lyophilized form, and later it was possible to readily reconstitute it in water without aggregation. Intranasal vaccination of mice using reconstituted vaccine induced M2e-specific IgG and IgG subtypes in serum similar to the freshly formulated vaccine, and fully protected mice against lethal influenza A challenge. Immunization of ferrets intranasally or intramuscularly with the vaccine induced M2e-specific IgG and there was reduced virus level in nasal wash of ferrets immunized through intranasal route.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan S J Ingrole
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 8th street and Canton Ave, Mail Stop 3121, Lubbock TX 79409-3121, USA
| | - Wenqian Tao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 8th street and Canton Ave, Mail Stop 3121, Lubbock TX 79409-3121, USA
| | - Gaurav Joshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 8th street and Canton Ave, Mail Stop 3121, Lubbock TX 79409-3121, USA
| | - Harvinder Singh Gill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, 8th street and Canton Ave, Mail Stop 3121, Lubbock TX 79409-3121, USA.
| |
Collapse
|