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Catherine N A, Claudia S, Savino A, Edgar MM, Rogers K, Julius LB, Morgan A, Imelda TK, Joel B, Frederick B, Andreas T. Antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolates from different water sources in Mbarara, Uganda. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2024; 22:1579-1593. [PMID: 39340372 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2024.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is widely used as an indicator of recent faecal pollution of water. Most E. coli strains are commensals; however, isolates in water samples have been shown to carry antibiotic resistance determinants. In total, 47 E. coli were isolated from selected drinking water sources in Mbarara, Uganda. The isolates were examined for their susceptibility to seven antibiotics and the presence of nine antibiotic-resistance genes (mostly β-lactamase genes) and class 1 integrons. Isolates showed a high resistance to ampicillin of 55.5% and a high sensitivity to azithromycin and gentamicin at 98 and 96%, respectively. PCR analysis showed the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes blaCTX-M-32 and blaCMY-2 in 64 and 36% of the isolates. The carbapenemase genes blaOXA-48, blaVIM-2, blaNDM-1, and blaKPC-3 were either not detected or only in a very small number of the isolates, whereas class 1 integrons were present in 68% of the isolates. This study proves that antimicrobial resistance exists in E. coli in water used for drinking purposes in Mbarara city. There is a need for public health actors to improve the surveillance of microbiological quality of drinking water to minimize health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abaasa Catherine N
- Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara city, Uganda E-mail:
| | - Stange Claudia
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ayesiga Savino
- Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara city, Uganda
| | - Mulogo M Edgar
- Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara city, Uganda
| | - Kalyetsi Rogers
- Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara city, Uganda
| | - Lejju B Julius
- Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara city, Uganda
| | - Andama Morgan
- Faculty of Science, Muni University, Mbarara city, Uganda
| | - Tamwesigire K Imelda
- Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara city, Uganda
| | - Bazira Joel
- Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara city, Uganda
| | - Byarugaba Frederick
- Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara city, Uganda
| | - Tiehm Andreas
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Driesen M, Timmermans M, Cargnel M, Simons X, Filippitzi ME, Catry B, Dal Pozzo F, Vanderhaeghen W, Callens B, Dispas M, Boland C. Risk Factor Analysis for Occurrence of Linezolid-Resistant Bacteria in the Digestive and Respiratory Tract of Food-Producing Animals in Belgium: A Pilot Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:707. [PMID: 39200007 PMCID: PMC11350643 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13080707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Linezolid is a critically important antimicrobial used in human medicine. While linezolid is not licensed for food-producing animals, the veterinary use of other antimicrobials, such as phenicols (e.g., florfenicol), could cross/co-select for linezolid-resistant (LR) bacteria. Such LR strains pose a great concern for public health due to their potential transfer between animals and humans. This study explored possible associations between epidemiological risk factors, including phenicol use, and the occurrence of LR bacteria, such as enterococci and staphylococci, in poultry, pigs, and veal calves in Belgium. Florfenicol use significantly increased the likelihood of harboring LR bacteria in veal calves, sows, and fattening pigs, particularly for the digestive tract (odds ratio (OR): [3.19-5.29]) and the respiratory tract (OR: [6.11-9.09]). LR strains from feces from fattening pigs were significantly associated with production type (OR: [3.31-44.14]) and the presence of other animal species (OR: 0.41). The occurrence of LR strains in the respiratory tract from sows was also significantly associated with using antimicrobials other than florfenicol (OR: 10.07) and purchasing animals (OR: 7.28). Our study highlights the potential risks of using certain veterinary antimicrobials, such as florfenicol, in food-producing animals and emphasizes the need for responsible antimicrobial use to safeguard both animal and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Driesen
- Coordination of Veterinary Activities and Veterinary Epidemiology, Department of Infectious Diseases in Animals, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (M.D.); (M.C.); (X.S.)
| | - Michaël Timmermans
- Veterinary Bacteriology, Department of Infectious Diseases in Animals, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Mickaël Cargnel
- Coordination of Veterinary Activities and Veterinary Epidemiology, Department of Infectious Diseases in Animals, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (M.D.); (M.C.); (X.S.)
| | - Xavier Simons
- Coordination of Veterinary Activities and Veterinary Epidemiology, Department of Infectious Diseases in Animals, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (M.D.); (M.C.); (X.S.)
| | - Maria-Eleni Filippitzi
- Laboratory of Animal Health Economics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Boudewijn Catry
- Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabiana Dal Pozzo
- Center of Expertise on Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance in Animals, 1210 Brussels, Belgium; (F.D.P.); (W.V.); (B.C.)
| | - Wannes Vanderhaeghen
- Center of Expertise on Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance in Animals, 1210 Brussels, Belgium; (F.D.P.); (W.V.); (B.C.)
| | - Bénédicte Callens
- Center of Expertise on Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance in Animals, 1210 Brussels, Belgium; (F.D.P.); (W.V.); (B.C.)
| | - Marc Dispas
- Health Information, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Cécile Boland
- Veterinary Bacteriology, Department of Infectious Diseases in Animals, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
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Sousa JF, Amaro HM, Ribeirinho-Soares S, Esteves AF, Salgado EM, Nunes OC, Pires JCM. Native Microalgae-Bacteria Consortia: A Sustainable Approach for Effective Urban Wastewater Bioremediation and Disinfection. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1421. [PMID: 39065189 PMCID: PMC11278754 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Urban wastewater is a significant by-product of human activities. Conventional urban wastewater treatment plants have limitations in their treatment, mainly concerning the low removal efficiency of conventional and emerging contaminants. Discharged wastewater also contains harmful microorganisms, posing risks to public health, especially by spreading antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes. Therefore, this study assesses the potential of a native microalgae-bacteria system (MBS) for urban wastewater bioremediation and disinfection, targeting NH4+-N and PO43--P removal, coliform reduction, and antibiotic resistance gene mitigation. The MBS showed promising results, including a high specific growth rate (0.651 ± 0.155 d-1) and a significant average removal rate of NH4+-N and PO43--P (9.05 ± 1.24 mg L-1 d-1 and 0.79 ± 0.06 mg L-1 d-1, respectively). Microalgae-induced pH increase rapidly reduces coliforms (r > 0.9), including Escherichia coli, within 3 to 6 days. Notably, the prevalence of intI1 and the antibiotic resistance genes sul1 and blaTEM are significantly diminished, presenting the MBS as a sustainable approach for tertiary wastewater treatment to combat eutrophication and reduce waterborne disease risks and antibiotic resistance spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana F. Sousa
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.F.S.); (H.M.A.); (S.R.-S.); (A.F.E.); (E.M.S.); (O.C.N.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena M. Amaro
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.F.S.); (H.M.A.); (S.R.-S.); (A.F.E.); (E.M.S.); (O.C.N.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Ribeirinho-Soares
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.F.S.); (H.M.A.); (S.R.-S.); (A.F.E.); (E.M.S.); (O.C.N.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LSRE-LCM—Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana F. Esteves
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.F.S.); (H.M.A.); (S.R.-S.); (A.F.E.); (E.M.S.); (O.C.N.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LSRE-LCM—Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva M. Salgado
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.F.S.); (H.M.A.); (S.R.-S.); (A.F.E.); (E.M.S.); (O.C.N.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Olga C. Nunes
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.F.S.); (H.M.A.); (S.R.-S.); (A.F.E.); (E.M.S.); (O.C.N.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - José C. M. Pires
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.F.S.); (H.M.A.); (S.R.-S.); (A.F.E.); (E.M.S.); (O.C.N.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Stelmaszyk L, Stange C, Hügler M, Sidhu JP, Horn H, Tiehm A. Quantification of β-lactamase producing bacteria in German surface waters with subsequent MALDI-TOF MS-based identification and β-lactamase activity assay. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27384. [PMID: 38486766 PMCID: PMC10937694 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental oligotrophic bacteria are suspected to be highly relevant carriers of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, there is a lack of validated methods for monitoring in the aquatic environment. Since extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) play a particularly important role in the clinical sector, a culturing method based on R2A-medium spiked with different combinations of β-lactams was applied to quantify β-lactamase-producing environmental bacteria from surface waters. In German surface water samples (n = 28), oligotrophic bacteria ranging from 4.0 × 103 to 1.7 × 104 CFU per 100 mL were detected on the nutrient-poor medium spiked with 3rd generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. These numbers were 3 log10 higher compared to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriales of clinical relevance from the same water samples. A MALDI-TOF MS identification of the isolates demonstrated, that the method leads to the isolation of environmentally relevant strains with Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, and Janthinobacterium being predominant β-lactam resistant genera. Subsequent micro-dilution antibiotic susceptibility tests (Micronaut-S test) confirmed the expression of β-lactamases. The qPCR analysis of surface waters DNA extracts showed the presence of β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaCMY-2, blaOXA-48, blaVIM-2, blaSHV, and blaNDM-1) at concentrations of 3.7 (±1.2) to 1.0 (±1.9) log10 gene copies per 100 mL. Overall, the results demonstrate a widespread distribution of cephalosporinase and carbapenemase enzymes in oligotrophic environmental bacteria that have to be considered as a reservoir of ARGs and contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Stelmaszyk
- TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department of Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudia Stange
- TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department of Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Hügler
- TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department of Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jatinder P.S. Sidhu
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Harald Horn
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Engler-Bunte Institute, Wasserchemie und Wassertechnologie, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9a, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas Tiehm
- TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department of Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Bourdonnais E, Le Bris C, Brauge T, Midelet G. Tracking antimicrobial resistance indicator genes in wild flatfish from the English Channel and the North Sea area: A one health concern. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123274. [PMID: 38160773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a burgeoning environmental concern demanding a comprehensive One Health investigation to thwart its transmission to animals and humans, ensuring food safety. Seafood, housing bacterial AMR, poses a direct threat to consumer health, amplifying the risk of hospitalization, invasive infections, and death due to compromised antimicrobial treatments. The associated antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in diverse marine species can amass and transmit through various pathways, including surface contact, respiration, and feeding within food webs. Our research, focused on the English Channel and North Sea, pivotal economic areas, specifically explores the occurrence of four proposed AMR indicator genes (tet(A), blaTEM, sul1, and intI1) in a benthic food web. Analyzing 350 flatfish samples' skin, gills, and gut, our quantitative PCR (qPCR) results disclosed an overall prevalence of 71.4% for AMR indicator genes. Notably, sul1 and intI1 genes exhibited higher detection in fish skin, reaching a prevalence of 47.5%, compared to gills and gut samples. Proximity to major European ports (Le Havre, Dunkirk, Rotterdam) correlated with increased AMR gene frequencies in fish, suggesting these ports' potential role in AMR spread in marine environments. We observed a broad dispersion of indicator genes in the English Channel and the North Sea, influenced by sea currents, maritime traffic, and flatfish movements. In conclusion, sul1 and intI1 genes emerge as robust indicators of AMR contamination in the marine environment, evident in seawater and species representing a benthic food web. Further studies are imperative to delineate marine species' role in accumulating and transmitting AMR to humans via seafood consumption. This research sheds light on the urgent need for a concerted effort in comprehending and mitigating AMR risks in marine ecosystems within the context of One Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Bourdonnais
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France; Univ. du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 1158 BioEcoAgro, Institut Charles Viollette, Unité Sous Contrat ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. de Liège, Junia, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Cédric Le Bris
- Univ. du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 1158 BioEcoAgro, Institut Charles Viollette, Unité Sous Contrat ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. de Liège, Junia, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Thomas Brauge
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.
| | - Graziella Midelet
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
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Bourdonnais E, Le Bris C, Brauge T, Midelet G. Monitoring indicator genes to assess antimicrobial resistance contamination in phytoplankton and zooplankton communities from the English Channel and the North Sea. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1313056. [PMID: 38389523 PMCID: PMC10882542 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1313056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytoplankton and zooplankton play a crucial role in marine ecosystems as the basis of the food webs but are also vulnerable to environmental pollutants. Among emerging pollutants, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health problem encountered in all environmental compartments. However, the role of planktonic communities in its dissemination within the marine environment remains largely unexplored. In this study, we monitored four genes proposed as AMR indicators (tetA, blaTEM, sul1, and intI1) in phytoplankton and zooplankton samples collected in the English Channel and the North Sea. The indicator gene abundance was mapped to identify the potential sources of contamination. Correlation was assessed with environmental parameters to explore the potential factors influencing the abundance of AMR in the plankton samples. The prevalence in phytoplankton and zooplankton of sul1 and intI1, the most quantified indicator genes, ranged from 63 to 88%. A higher level of phytoplankton and zooplankton carrying these genes was observed near the French and English coasts in areas subjected to anthropogenic discharges from the lands but also far from the coasts. Correlation analysis demonstrated that water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and turbidity were correlated to the abundance of indicator genes associated with phytoplankton and zooplankton samples. In conclusion, the sul1 and intI1 genes would be suitable indicators for monitoring AMR contamination of the marine environment, either in phytoplankton and zooplankton communities or in seawater. This study fills a part of the gaps in knowledge about the AMR transport by marine phytoplankton and zooplankton, which may play a role in the transmission of resistance to humans through the marine food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Bourdonnais
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- Univ. du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 1158 BioEcoAgro, Institut Charles Viollette, Unité sous Contrat ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. de Liège, Junia, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Cédric Le Bris
- Univ. du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 1158 BioEcoAgro, Institut Charles Viollette, Unité sous Contrat ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. de Liège, Junia, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Thomas Brauge
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Graziella Midelet
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
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Gao Y, Liu J, Fang Y, Xu X, Wang F, Tang Y, Yin D, Cookson AL, Zhu W, Mao S, Zhong R. Straw-based compost cultivation disproportionally contributes to the environmental persistence of antibiotic resistance from raw cattle manure to organic vegetables. Microbiol Res 2024; 278:127540. [PMID: 37976735 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Cattle manure, is a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes, but the mechanisms by which they migrate from farm to table remain obscure. Here, we chose Agaricus bisporus as a model vegetable to examine such migration and characterized the resistome in 112 metagenomes covering samples from raw manure, composting substrates, rhizosphere, and surfaces of mushrooms. A total of 1864 resistance genes, representing 113 unique mechanisms of resistance, were identified. Monensin treatment on beef specifically enriched fecal resistance genes within Moraxellaceae, but this effect did not persist in downstream mushrooms. Interestingly, we found that resistance genes were significantly more enriched on mushroom surfaces when cultivated with corn-based compost compared to rice and wheat, likely a result of the disproportional propagation of Pseudomonadaceae and varied ability of lateral gene transfer. Importantly, our sequence alignment together with genome-centric analysis observed that 89 resistance genes, mainly conferring resistance to drug and biocide (20.22%) and mercury (19.10%), were shared across all types of samples, indicating an efficient transmission of resistance in food production. Moreover, co-occurrence of genes conferring resistance to different compounds frequently occurred in parallel with microbial migration. Together, we present the influences of antibiotic treatment and straw-based composting on resistome along the mushroom production chain (from manure to straw-based compost, rhizosphere of compost cultivated mushroom and surface of mushroom) and highlighted the risks of resistance genes migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Gao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, China
| | - Xinming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, China; Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, China
| | - Yijun Tang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Di Yin
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Adrian L Cookson
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand; AgResearch Ltd, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shengyong Mao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Rongzhen Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, China.
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O’Neill L, Manzanilla EG, Ekhlas D, Leonard FC. Antimicrobial Resistance in Commensal Escherichia coli of the Porcine Gastrointestinal Tract. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1616. [PMID: 37998818 PMCID: PMC10669415 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli of animal origin presents a threat to human health. Although animals are not the primary source of human infections, humans may be exposed to AMR E. coli of animal origin and their AMR genes through the food chain, direct contact with animals, and via the environment. For this reason, AMR in E. coli from food producing animals is included in most national and international AMR monitoring programmes and is the subject of a large body of research. As pig farming is one of the largest livestock sectors and the one with the highest antimicrobial use, there is considerable interest in the epidemiology of AMR in E. coli of porcine origin. This literature review presents an overview and appraisal of current knowledge of AMR in commensal E. coli of the porcine gastrointestinal tract with a focus on its evolution during the pig lifecycle and the relationship with antimicrobial use. It also presents an overview of the epidemiology of resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and colistin in pig production. The review highlights the widespread nature of AMR in the porcine commensal E. coli population, especially to the most-used classes in pig farming and discusses the complex interplay between age and antimicrobial use during the pig lifecycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorcan O’Neill
- Pig Development Department, Teagasc, The Irish Food and Agriculture Authority, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co Cork P61 C996, Ireland; (E.G.M.); (D.E.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland;
| | - Edgar García Manzanilla
- Pig Development Department, Teagasc, The Irish Food and Agriculture Authority, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co Cork P61 C996, Ireland; (E.G.M.); (D.E.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland;
| | - Daniel Ekhlas
- Pig Development Department, Teagasc, The Irish Food and Agriculture Authority, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co Cork P61 C996, Ireland; (E.G.M.); (D.E.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland;
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin D15 DY05, Ireland
| | - Finola C. Leonard
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland;
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9
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Guidotti-Takeuchi M, Melo RTD, Ribeiro LNDM, Dumont CF, Ribeiro RAC, Brum BDA, de Amorim Junior TLIF, Rossi DA. Interference with Bacterial Conjugation and Natural Alternatives to Antibiotics: Bridging a Gap. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1127. [PMID: 37508224 PMCID: PMC10376302 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in food matrices has been investigated under conditions that favor gene exchange. However, the major challenge lies in determining the specific conditions pertaining to the adapted microbial pairs associated with the food matrix. HGT is primarily responsible for enhancing the microbial repertoire for the evolution and spread of antimicrobial resistance and is a major target for controlling pathogens of public health concern in food ecosystems. In this study, we investigated Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) and Escherichia coli (EC) regarding gene exchange under conditions mimicking the industrial environment, with the coproducts whey (SL) and chicken juice (CJ). The S. Heidelberg strain was characterized by antibiotic susceptibility standards and PCR to detect the blaTEM gene. A concentration of 0.39 mg/mL was determined to evaluate the anti-conjugation activity of nanostructured lipid nanocarriers (NLCs) of essential oils to mitigate β-lactam resistance gene transfer. The results showed that the addition of these coproducts promoted an increase of more than 3.5 (whey) and 2.5 (chicken juice) orders of magnitude in the conjugation process (p < 0.01), and NLCs of sage essential oil significantly reduced the conjugation frequency (CF) by 74.90, 90.6, and 124.4 times when compared to the transfers in the absence of coproducts and the presence of SL and CJ, respectively. For NLCs from olibanum essential oil, the decrease was 4.46-fold for conjugations without inhibitors and 3.12- and 11.3-fold in the presence of SL and CJ. NLCs associated with sage and olibanum essential oils effectively control the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes and are a promising alternative for use at industrial levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Guidotti-Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38402-018, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberta Torres de Melo
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38402-018, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Carolyne Ferreira Dumont
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38402-018, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Bárbara de Araújo Brum
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38402-018, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Daise Aparecida Rossi
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38402-018, MG, Brazil
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10
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Caneschi A, Bardhi A, Barbarossa A, Zaghini A. The Use of Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance in Veterinary Medicine, a Complex Phenomenon: A Narrative Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030487. [PMID: 36978354 PMCID: PMC10044628 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As warned by Sir Alexander Fleming in his Nobel Prize address: “the use of antimicrobials can, and will, lead to resistance”. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has recently increased due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, and their use in animals (food-producing and companion) has also resulted in the selection and transmission of resistant bacteria. The epidemiology of resistance is complex, and factors other than the overall quantity of antibiotics consumed may influence it. Nowadays, AMR has a serious impact on society, both economically and in terms of healthcare. This narrative review aimed to provide a scenario of the state of the AMR phenomenon in veterinary medicine related to the use of antibiotics in different animal species; the impact that it can have on animals, as well as humans and the environment, was considered. Providing some particular instances, the authors tried to explain the vastness of the phenomenon of AMR in veterinary medicine due to many and diverse aspects that cannot always be controlled. The veterinarian is the main reference point here and has a high responsibility towards the human–animal–environment triad. Sharing such a burden with human medicine and cooperating together for the same purpose (fighting and containing AMR) represents an effective example of the application of the One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anisa Bardhi
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-051-2097-500 (Andrea Barbarossa)
| | - Andrea Barbarossa
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-051-2097-500 (Andrea Barbarossa)
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11
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Yuan B, Ma Y, Ren J, Ding G, Zhou N, Liang J, Sun Y. Risk assessment of three sheep stocking modes via identification of bacterial genomes carrying antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factor genes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 323:116270. [PMID: 36261965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to protect the prairie ecological environment, intensive farming has become a prevalent method of sheep stocking. However, the link between captivity stocking mode and ecological risk of sheep feces is still poorly understood. In this study, metagenomics was used to identify the environmental risk of sheep feces among three stocking modes. Our results showed that captivity mode (C) elevated antibiotic resistance in feces, with the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (5.381 copies/cell) higher than that of half-pen stocking (Fh) (1.093 copies/cell) and grazing mode (Fr) (0.315 copies/cell) (Duncan's test, P < 0.05). Virulence factor genes (VFGs) analysis showed offensive virulence factors had the highest abundance in captivity feces (C: 3.826 copies/cell, Fh: 0.342 copies/cell, Fr: 0.163 copies/cell) (Duncan's test, P < 0.05). 15 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were identified as potential pathogenic antibiotic resistant bacteria (PARB) and revealed that Escherichia, Klebsiella may be the main host of ARGs and VFGs in sheep feces. Furthermore, the minimal inhibition concentrations (MIC) of tetracycline of E. coli in the captivity feces was 8.6 times and 4.7 times than that of grazing and half-pen stocking samples, respectively. The Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) revealed that high stocking density leads to feces causing increased harm to the environment. Although feces from sheep raised in captivity and half-pen stocking modes are easier to collect, they are more harmful to the environment and aerobic composting should be done before their application to farmland. This work provides a guideline for better control of the environmental risk of sheep feces from different stocking modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yanwen Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingyao Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guochun Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ningcong Zhou
- Ulanqab Animal Husbandry Station of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia, 012000, China
| | - Jinsong Liang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Ying Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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12
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Zhang Y, Li K, Wu Y, Liu Y, Wu R, Zhong Y, Xiao S, Mao H, Li G, Wang Y, Li W. Distribution and correlation between antibiotic resistance genes and host-associated markers before and after swine fever in the longjiang watershed. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120101. [PMID: 36064059 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are abundantly shed in feces. Thus, it is crucial to identify their host sources so that ARG pollution can be effectively mitigated and aquatic ecosystems can be properly conserved. Here, spatiotemporal variations and sources of ARGs in the Longjiang watershed of South China were investigated by linking them with microbial source tracker (MST) indicators. The most frequently detected ARGs (>90%) were sulI, sulII, blaTEM, tetW, ermF, and the mobile element intI1. Spatial distribution analyses showed that tributaries contributed significantly more sulI, sulII, and ermF contamination to the Longjiang watershed than the main channel. MST indicator analysis revealed that the Longjiang watershed was contaminated mainly by human fecal pollution. Livestock- and poultry-associated fecal pollution significantly declined after the swine fever outbreak. The occurrence of most ARGs is largely explained by human fecal pollution. In contrast, pig fecal pollution might account for the prevalence of tetO. Moreover, combined human-pig fecal pollution contributed to the observed blaNDM-1 distribution in the Longjiang watershed. Subsequent analysis of the characteristics of MST markers disclosed that the relatively lower specificities of BacHum and Rum-2-Bac may lead to inaccurate results of tracking ARG pollution source. The present study determined spatiotemporal variations and ARG origins in the Longjiang watershed by combining MST markers. It also underscored the necessity of using multiple MST markers simultaneously to identify and characterize ARG pollution sources accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Kaiming Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Yongjie Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Zhaoqing Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau, Zhaoqing, 526060, PR China
| | - Renren Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China; Department of Environment, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China.
| | - Yi Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Shijie Xiao
- Department of Environment, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Han Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Guodong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Yishu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Wenjing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
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13
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Nischwitz V, Stelmaszyk L, Piel S, Tiehm A. Cascade Filtration With PCR Detection and Field-Flow-Fractionation Online With ICP-MS for the Characterization of DNA Interaction With Suspended Particulate Matter. Front Chem 2022; 10:919442. [PMID: 35836676 PMCID: PMC9274009 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.919442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The variety of applied antibiotics in animal and human medicine results in the release, development, and spread of relevant numbers of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. The majority of ARGs are present in intracellular forms (in bacteria). Neglected aspects are extracellular variants of ARGs (eARGs) and their fragments, which have been detected in surface-water samples and sediments. The stability of eARGs is expected to be low; however, binding to particulate matter is likely to improve their stability and also affect their transport and dissemination behavior. Few studies have investigated DNA particle interactions, mostly via indirect characterization of adduct formation in model systems but not in real environmental matrices. Therefore, our study aims at a novel approach for direct characterization of desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) particle interactions using both cascade filtration and field-flow fractionation. Cascade filtration with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection indicated retention of ARGs on filters with much larger pore sizes supporting the hypothesis of ARG-particle interactions. However, artifacts from membrane clogging or DNA–membrane interaction cannot be excluded. Consequently, asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation was investigated as an alternative separation technique with the advantage of particle separation in a thin channel, reducing the risk of artifacts. The key method parameters, membrane composition, molecular weight cut off, and carrier composition, were systematically investigated using a calf-thymus DNA-spiked surface-water sample as a model. The results clearly showed a shift in the elution time of clay particles suggesting the presence of DNA–clay adducts. Multi-element detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) enabled monitoring of clay via the Al, Fe, and Si signals and DNA via the P signal. Matching peak profiles for the new fraction in the fractograms of the ARG and DNA-spiked water sample support adduct formation. Further evidence was provided by a novel post-channel filtration approach for the separation of free DNA from DNA–clay adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Nischwitz
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, Analytics (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Volker Nischwitz,
| | - Lara Stelmaszyk
- Department Water Microbiology, TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sandra Piel
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, Analytics (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Andreas Tiehm
- Department Water Microbiology, TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruhe, Germany
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14
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Bourdonnais E, Colcanap D, Le Bris C, Brauge T, Midelet G. Occurrence of Indicator Genes of Antimicrobial Resistance Contamination in the English Channel and North Sea Sectors and Interactions With Environmental Variables. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:883081. [PMID: 35651498 PMCID: PMC9150721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.883081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine environment is a potential natural reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), subject to anthropogenic effluents (wastewater, industrial, and domestic), and known as a final receiving system. The aim of this study was to investigate the abundance and geographical distribution of the three blaTEM , sul1, and intI1 genes, proposed as indicators of contamination to assess the state of antimicrobial resistance in environmental settings, added to the tetA gene and the microbial population (tuf gene) in the English Channel and North Sea areas. Bacterial DNA was extracted from 36 seawater samples. The abundance of these genes was determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and was analyzed in association with environmental variables and geographical locations to determine potential correlations. The blaTEM and tetA genes were quantified in 0% and 2.8% of samples, respectively. The sul1 and intI1 genes were detected in 42% and 31% of samples, respectively, with an apparent co-occurrence in 19% of the samples confirmed by a correlation analysis. The absolute abundance of these genes was correlated with the microbial population, with results similar to the relative abundance. We showed that the sul1 and intI1 genes were positively correlated with dissolved oxygen and turbidity, while the microbial population was correlated with pH, temperature and salinity in addition to dissolved oxygen and turbidity. The three tetA, sul1, and intI1 genes were quantified in the same sample with high abundances, and this sample was collected in the West Netherlands coast (WN) area. For the first time, we have shown the impact of anthropogenic inputs (rivers, man-made offshore structures, and maritime activities) and environmental variables on the occurrence of three indicators of environmental contamination by antimicrobial resistance in the North Sea and English Channel seawaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Bourdonnais
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.,Univ. du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 1158 BioEcoAgro, Institut Charles Viollette, Unité Sous Contrat ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. de Liège, Junia, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Darina Colcanap
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Cédric Le Bris
- Univ. du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 1158 BioEcoAgro, Institut Charles Viollette, Unité Sous Contrat ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. de Liège, Junia, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Thomas Brauge
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Graziella Midelet
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Unité Bactériologie et Parasitologie des Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
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15
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Herraiz-Carboné M, Cotillas S, Lacasa E, Vasileva M, Sainz de Baranda C, Riquelme E, Cañizares P, Sáez C. Disinfection of polymicrobial urines by electrochemical oxidation: Removal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:128028. [PMID: 34923384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, data obtained from the University Hospital Complex of Albacete (Spain) were selected as a case study to carry out the disinfection experiments. To do this, different configurations of electrochemical reactors were tested for the disinfection of complex urines. Results showed that 4-6 logs bacterial removal were achieved for every bacterium tested when working with a microfluidic flow-through reactor after 180 min (0.423 Ah dm-3). The MIKROZON® cell reached a total disinfection after 60 min (1.212 Ah dm-3), causing severe damages induced in the cell walls observed in SEM images. The concentration profiles of the electrogenerated disinfectants in solution could explain the differences observed. Additionally, a mean decrease in the ARGs concentration ranked as follows: blaKPC (4.18-logs) > blaTEM (3.96-logs) > ermB (3.23-logs) using the MIKROZON® cell. This electro-ozonizer could be considered as a suitable alternative to reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance spread. Hence, this study provides an insight into different electrochemical reactors for the disinfection of complex hospital urine matrices and contributes to reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance through the elimination of ARGs. A topic of great importance nowadays that needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Herraiz-Carboné
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Higher Technical School of Industrial Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Infante Don Juan Manuel, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Salvador Cotillas
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Engracia Lacasa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Higher Technical School of Industrial Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Infante Don Juan Manuel, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
| | - Marina Vasileva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Higher Technical School of Industrial Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Infante Don Juan Manuel, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Caridad Sainz de Baranda
- Clinical Parasitology and Microbiology Area, University Hospital Complex of Albacete, C/Hermanos Falcó 37, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Eva Riquelme
- Clinical Parasitology and Microbiology Area, University Hospital Complex of Albacete, C/Hermanos Falcó 37, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Pablo Cañizares
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Enrique Costa Novella, Campus Universitario s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Cristina Sáez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Enrique Costa Novella, Campus Universitario s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria in the Central Adriatic Sea: Are They Connected to Urban Wastewater Inputs? WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13233335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite last decades’ interventions within local and communitarian programs, the Mediterranean Sea still receives poorly treated urban wastewater (sewage). Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) performing primary sewage treatments have poor efficiency in removing microbial pollutants, including fecal indicator bacteria, pathogens, and mobile genetic elements conferring resistance to antimicrobials. Using a combination of molecular tools, we investigated four urban WWTPs (i.e., two performing only mechanical treatments and two performing a subsequent conventional secondary treatment by activated sludge) as continuous sources of microbial pollution for marine coastal waters. Sewage that underwent only primary treatments was characterized by a higher content of traditional and alternative fecal indicator bacteria, as well as potentially pathogenic bacteria (especially Acinetobacter, Coxiella, Prevotella, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Empedobacter, Paracoccus, and Leptotrichia), than those subjected to secondary treatment. However, seawater samples collected next to the discharging points of all the WWTPs investigated here revealed a marked fecal signature, despite significantly lower values in the presence of secondary treatment of the sewage. WWTPs in this study represented continuous sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) ermB, qnrS, sul2, tetA, and blaTEM (the latter only for three WWTPs out of four). Still, no clear effects of the two depuration strategies investigated here were detected. Some marine samples were identified as positive to the colistin-resistance gene mcr-1, an ARG that threatens colistin antibiotics’ clinical utility in treating infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria. This study provides evidence that the use of sole primary treatments in urban wastewater management results in pronounced inputs of microbial pollution into marine coastal waters. At the same time, the use of conventional treatments does not fully eliminate ARGs in treated wastewater. The complementary use of molecular techniques could successfully improve the evaluation of the depuration efficiency and help develop novel solutions for the treatment of urban wastewater.
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Impact of Antibiotic Therapies on Resistance Genes Dynamic and Composition of the Animal Gut Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113280. [PMID: 34828011 PMCID: PMC8614244 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are major disruptors of the gastrointestinal microbiota, depleting bacterial species beneficial for the host health and favoring the emergence of potential pathogens. Furthermore, the intestine is a reactor of antibiotic resistance emergence, and the presence of antibiotics exacerbates the selection of resistant bacteria that can disseminate in the environment and propagate to further hosts. We reviewed studies analyzing the effect of antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota and antibiotic resistance conducted on animals, focusing on the main food-producing and companion animals. Irrespective of antibiotic classes and animal hosts, therapeutic dosage decreased species diversity and richness favoring the bloom of potential enteropathogens and the selection of antibiotic resistance. These negative effects of antibiotic therapies seem ineluctable but often were mitigated when an antibiotic was administered by parenteral route. Sub-therapeutic dosages caused the augmentation of taxa involved in sugar metabolism, suggesting a link with weight gain. This result should not be interpreted positively, considering that parallel information on antibiotic resistance selection was rarely reported and selection of antibiotic resistance is known to occur also at low antibiotic concentration. However, studies on the effect of antibiotics as growth promoters put the basis for understanding the gut microbiota composition and function in this situation. This knowledge could inspire alternative strategies to antibiotics, such as probiotics, for improving animal performance. This review encompasses the analysis of the main animal hosts and all antibiotic classes, and highlights the future challenges and gaps of knowledge that should be filled. Further studies are necessary for elucidating pharmacodynamics in animals in order to improve therapy duration, antibiotic dosages, and administration routes for mitigating negative effects of antibiotic therapies. Furthermore, this review highlights that studies on aminoglycosides are almost inexistent, and they should be increased, considering that aminoglycosides are the first most commonly used antibiotic family in companion animals. Harmonization of experimental procedures is necessary in this research field. In fact, current studies are based on different experimental set-up varying for antibiotic dosage, regimen, administration, and downstream microbiota analysis. In the future, shotgun metagenomics coupled with long-reads sequencing should become a standard experimental approach enabling to gather comprehensive knowledge on GIM in terms of composition and taxonomic functions, and of ARGs. Decorticating GIM in animals will unveil revolutionary strategies for medication and improvement of animals' health status, with positive consequences on global health.
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Loayza-Villa F, Torres A, Zhang L, Trueba G. Removal of antimicrobial prophylaxis and its effect on swine carriage of antimicrobial-resistant coliforms. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211050279. [PMID: 34872396 PMCID: PMC10466387 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211050279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of antimicrobials in the food animal industry has caused an increased prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes, which can be transferred to the microbiota of humans through the food chain or the environment. To reduce the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance, restrictions on antimicrobial use in food animals have been implemented in different countries. We investigated the impact of an antimicrobial restriction intervention during two generations of pigs. Fecal samples were collected in five growth phases. The frequency of antimicrobial-resistant coliforms and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria or antimicrobial resistance genes was analyzed. No differences in the richness or abundance of antimicrobial-resistant coliforms or antimicrobial resistance genes were found when animals fed with or without prophylactic antimicrobials were compared. Withholding antimicrobial supplementation did not negatively affect weight gain in pigs. Withdrawal of prophylactic antimicrobial consumption during two generations of pigs was not enough to reduce the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes, as measured by richness and abundance markers. This study indicates that the fitness costs associated with bacterial carriage of some antimicrobial resistance genes are low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Loayza-Villa
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Alejandro Torres
- Escuela de Veterinaria, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA
| | - Gabriel Trueba
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
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Canton L, Lanusse C, Moreno L. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Infectious Diseases: Issues Related to Drug Residues in Edible Animal Tissues. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2878. [PMID: 34679899 PMCID: PMC8532868 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs are used in veterinary medicine to prevent or treat animal diseases. When rationally administered to livestock following Good Veterinary Practices (GVP), they greatly contribute to improving the production of food of animal origin. Since humans can be exposed chronically to veterinary drugs through the diet, residues in food are evaluated for effects following chronic exposures. Parameters such as an acceptable daily intake (ADI), the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL), maximum residue limits (MRLs), and the withdrawal periods (WPs) are determined for each drug used in livestock. Drug residues in food exceeding the MRLs usually appear when failing the GVP application. Different factors related either to the treated animal or to the type of drug administration, and even the type of cooking can affect the level of residues in edible tissues. Residues above the MRLs can have a diverse negative impact, mainly on the consumer's health, and favor antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Drug residue monitoring programmes are crucial to ensure that prohibited or authorized substances do not exceed MRLs. This comprehensive review article addresses different aspects of drug residues in edible tissues produced as food for human consumption and provides relevant information contributing to rational pharmacotherapy in food-producing animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Moreno
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBACONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil CP7000, Argentina; (L.C.); (C.L.)
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Lv Y, Li Y, Liu X, Xu K. Effect of soil sulfamethoxazole on strawberry (Fragaria ananassa): Growth, health risks and silicon mitigation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117321. [PMID: 33975211 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The negative impact of antibiotic pollution on the agricultural system and human health is a hot issue in the world. However, little information is available on the antibiotics toxicity mechanism and the role of silicon (Si) to alleviate the antibiotics toxicity. In this study, strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) showed excitatory response to low-dose SMZ (1 mg L-1), but strawberry root and photosynthetic efficiency were damaged under high level. When SMZ level exceeded 10 mg L-1, H202, O2-, MDA and relative conductivity increased, while SOD and CAT activities first increased and then decreased. SMZ accumulated more in roots and fruits, but less in stems, and the accumulation increased with the increase of SMZ-dose. Under 1 mg L-1 SMZ, the SMZ accumulation in fruits was 110.54 μg kg-1, which exceeded the maximum residue limit. SMZ can induce the expression of sul1, sul2 and intI1, and intI1 had the highest abundance. Exogenous application of Si alleviated the toxicity of SMZ, which is mainly related to the degradation of SMZ in soil and the reduction of SMZ absorption by strawberry. In addition, Si relieved root damage, promoted the increase of photosynthetic efficiency, and improved the antioxidant system to resist SMZ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lv
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong Taian, 271018, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taian, 271018, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kun Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong Taian, 271018, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taian, 271018, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, 271018, China.
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21
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Majeed HJ, Riquelme MV, Davis BC, Gupta S, Angeles L, Aga DS, Garner E, Pruden A, Vikesland PJ. Evaluation of Metagenomic-Enabled Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance at a Conventional Wastewater Treatment Plant. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:657954. [PMID: 34054755 PMCID: PMC8155483 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.657954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) receive a confluence of sewage containing antimicrobials, antibiotic resistant bacteria, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and pathogens and thus are a key point of interest for antibiotic resistance surveillance. WWTP monitoring has the potential to inform with respect to the antibiotic resistance status of the community served as well as the potential for ARGs to escape treatment. However, there is lack of agreement regarding suitable sampling frequencies and monitoring targets to facilitate comparison within and among individual WWTPs. The objective of this study was to comprehensively evaluate patterns in metagenomic-derived indicators of antibiotic resistance through various stages of treatment at a conventional WWTP for the purpose of informing local monitoring approaches that are also informative for global comparison. Relative abundance of total ARGs decreased by ∼50% from the influent to the effluent, with each sampling location defined by a unique resistome (i.e., total ARG) composition. However, 90% of the ARGs found in the effluent were also detected in the influent, while the effluent ARG-pathogen taxonomic linkage patterns identified in assembled metagenomes were more similar to patterns in regional clinical surveillance data than the patterns identified in the influent. Analysis of core and discriminatory resistomes and general ARG trends across the eight sampling events (i.e., tendency to be removed, increase, decrease, or be found in the effluent only), along with quantification of ARGs of clinical concern, aided in identifying candidate ARGs for surveillance. Relative resistome risk characterization further provided a comprehensive metric for predicting the relative mobility of ARGs and likelihood of being carried in pathogens and can help to prioritize where to focus future monitoring and mitigation. Most antibiotics that were subject to regional resistance testing were also found in the WWTP, with the total antibiotic load decreasing by ∼40–50%, but no strong correlations were found between antibiotics and corresponding ARGs. Overall, this study provides insight into how metagenomic data can be collected and analyzed for surveillance of antibiotic resistance at WWTPs, suggesting that effluent is a beneficial monitoring point with relevance both to the local clinical condition and for assessing efficacy of wastewater treatment in reducing risk of disseminating antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyyah J Majeed
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Maria V Riquelme
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Benjamin C Davis
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Suraj Gupta
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Luisa Angeles
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Diana S Aga
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Emily Garner
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Amy Pruden
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Peter J Vikesland
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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A Comparative Analysis of Aquatic and Polyethylene-Associated Antibiotic-Resistant Microbiota in the Mediterranean Sea. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030200. [PMID: 33800749 PMCID: PMC8001005 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the microbiome and the resistome profile of water and fragments of polyethylene (PE) waste collected at the same time from a stream and the seawater in a coastal area of Northwestern Sicily. Although a core microbiome was determined by sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rDNA gene, quantitative differences were found among the microbial communities on PE waste and the corresponding water samples. Our findings indicated that PE waste contains a more abundant and increased core microbiome diversity than the corresponding water samples. Moreover, PCR analysis of specific antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) showed that PE waste harbors more ARGs than the water samples. Thus, PE waste could act as a carrier of antibiotic-resistant microbiota, representing an increased danger for the marine environment and living organisms, as well.
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Xu M, Wang F, Sheng H, Stedtfeld RD, Li Z, Hashsham SA, Jiang X, Tiedje JM. Does anaerobic condition play a more positive role in dissipation of antibiotic resistance genes in soil? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143737. [PMID: 33243511 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) under the aerobic vs. anaerobic conditions is unknown, especially under different fertilization. Towards this goal, a microcosm experiment was carried out with chemical fertilized and manured soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. High throughput qPCR was used to analyze ARGs with 144 primer sets and sequencing for microorganisms. Completely different dynamics of ARGs were observed in soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, regardless of the fertilization type. ARGs had different half-lives, even though they confer resistance to the same type of antibiotics. Aminoglycoside, chloramphenicol, macrolide - lincosamide - streptogramin B (MLSB) and tetracycline resistance genes were significantly accumulated in the aerobic soils. Anaerobic soil possessed a higher harboring capacity for exogenous microorganisms and ARGs than aerobic soil. The interaction between ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in manured soil under aerobic condition was more pronounced than the anaerobic condition. These findings unveil that anaerobic soil could play a more positive role in reducing potential risk of ARGs in the farmland environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Hongjie Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Robert D Stedtfeld
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Zhongpei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Syed A Hashsham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xin Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - James M Tiedje
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
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Zhang W, Suyamud B, Lohwacharin J, Yang Y. Large-scale pattern of resistance genes and bacterial community in the tap water along the middle and low reaches of the Yangtze River. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111517. [PMID: 33120256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic and metal resistance genes (ARGs and MRGs) in tap water are of great public health concern. However, very fewer studies focused on the relationship between resistance genes and opportunistic pathogens in tap water. In this study, the diversity and abundance of resistance genes and bacterial community from tap water at a large-scale along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were investigated. The total relative abundances of ARGs and MRGs were 2.95 × 10-3-1.22 × 10-1 and 1.93 × 10-3-1.20 × 10-1 copies/16S rRNA, respectively. The blaTEM and merP detected were major ARG and MRG subtypes, respectively. Mobile genetic elements (Intl1 and tnpA) showed significant correlations with the abundance of ARGs. Heavy metals also played a vital role in the co-selection of ARGs. Surprisingly, there were still eight opportunistic pathogens in tap water, among which Escherichia coli, Helicobacter pylori, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Porphyromonas gingivalis were the potential host of ARGs and MRGs. Escherichia coli had the highest abundance, while Bacillus anthracis had the highest detected frequency (100%), a widespread opportunistic pathogen in tap water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of the Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bongkotrat Suyamud
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jenyuk Lohwacharin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Yuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of the Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Patil HJ, Gatica J, Zolti A, Benet-Perelberg A, Naor A, Dror B, Al Ashhab A, Marman S, Hasan NA, Colwell RR, Sher D, Minz D, Cytryn E. Temporal Resistome and Microbial Community Dynamics in an Intensive Aquaculture Facility with Prophylactic Antimicrobial Treatment. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8121984. [PMID: 33322131 PMCID: PMC7764744 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8121984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive use of antimicrobials in aquaculture is concerning, given possible environmental ramifications and the potential contribution to the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AR). In this study, we explored seasonal abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes and bacterial community composition in the water column of an intensive aquaculture pond stocked with Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) prophylactically treated with sulfamethoprim (25% sulfadiazine; 5% trimethoprim), relative to an adjacent unstocked reservoir. Bacterial community composition was monitored using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons in eight sampling profiles to determine seasonal dynamics, representing principal stages in the fish fattening cycle. In tandem, qPCR was applied to assess relative abundance of selected antimicrobial resistance genes (sul1, sul2, dfrA1, tetA and blaTEM) and class-1 integrons (int1). Concomitantly, resistomes were extrapolated from shotgun metagenomes in representative profiles. Analyses revealed increased relative abundance of sulfonamide and tetracycline resistance genes in fishpond-03, relative to pre-stocking and reservoir levels, whereas no significant differences were observed for genes encoding resistance to antimicrobials that were not used in the fishpond-03. Seasons strongly dictated bacterial community composition, with high abundance of cyanobacteria in summer and increased relative abundance of Flavobacterium in the winter. Our results indicate that prophylactic use of sulfonamides in intensive aquaculture ponds facilitates resistance suggesting that prophylactic use of these antimicrobials in aquaculture should be restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant J. Patil
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel; (H.J.P.); (J.G.); (A.Z.); (B.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Joao Gatica
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel; (H.J.P.); (J.G.); (A.Z.); (B.D.); (D.M.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 91905, Israel
| | - Avihai Zolti
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel; (H.J.P.); (J.G.); (A.Z.); (B.D.); (D.M.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 91905, Israel
| | - Ayana Benet-Perelberg
- Dor Aquaculture Research Station, Fisheries Department, Israel Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Dor 3082000, Israel; (A.B.-P.); (A.N.)
| | - Alon Naor
- Dor Aquaculture Research Station, Fisheries Department, Israel Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Dor 3082000, Israel; (A.B.-P.); (A.N.)
| | - Barak Dror
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel; (H.J.P.); (J.G.); (A.Z.); (B.D.); (D.M.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 91905, Israel
| | - Ashraf Al Ashhab
- The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada 86900, Israel;
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (S.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Sophi Marman
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (S.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Nur A. Hasan
- CosmosID Inc., Rockville, MD 20742, USA; (N.A.H.); (R.R.C.)
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Rita R. Colwell
- CosmosID Inc., Rockville, MD 20742, USA; (N.A.H.); (R.R.C.)
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Daniel Sher
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (S.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Dror Minz
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel; (H.J.P.); (J.G.); (A.Z.); (B.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Eddie Cytryn
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel; (H.J.P.); (J.G.); (A.Z.); (B.D.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence:
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De Smet J, Boyen F, Croubels S, Rasschaert G, Haesebrouck F, Temmerman R, Rutjens S, De Backer P, Devreese M. The impact of therapeutic-dose induced intestinal enrofloxacin concentrations in healthy pigs on fecal Escherichia coli populations. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:382. [PMID: 33032597 PMCID: PMC7545837 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of therapy-induced intestinal tract concentrations of antimicrobials allows for interpretation and prediction of antimicrobial resistance selection within the intestinal microbiota. This study describes the impact of three different doses of enrofloxacin (ENR) and two different administration routes on the intestinal concentration of ENR and on the fecal Escherichia coli populations in pigs. Enrofloxacin was administered on three consecutive days to four different treatment groups. The groups either received an oral bolus administration of ENR (conventional or half dose) or an intramuscular administration (conventional or double dose). RESULTS Quantitative analysis of fecal samples showed high ENR concentrations in all groups, ranging from 5.114 ± 1.272 μg/g up to 39.54 ± 10.43 μg/g at the end of the treatment period. In addition, analysis of the luminal intestinal content revealed an increase of ENR concentration from the proximal to the distal intestinal tract segments, with no significant effect of administration route. Fecal samples were also screened for resistance in E. coli isolates against ENR. Wild-type (MIC≤0.125 μg/mL) and non-wild-type (0.125 < MIC≤2 μg/mL) E. coli isolates were found at time 0 h. At the end of treatment (3 days) only non-wild-type isolates (MIC≥32 μg/mL) were found. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the observed intestinal ENR concentrations in all groups showed to be both theoretically (based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles) and effectively (in vivo measurement) capable of significantly reducing the intestinal E. coli wild-type population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joren De Smet
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Filip Boyen
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Siska Croubels
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Geertrui Rasschaert
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Freddy Haesebrouck
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Robin Temmerman
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Sofie Rutjens
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Backer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Mathias Devreese
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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Yang F, Han B, Gu Y, Zhang K. Swine liquid manure: a hotspot of mobile genetic elements and antibiotic resistance genes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15037. [PMID: 32929149 PMCID: PMC7490410 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72149-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The overuse or abuse of antibiotics as veterinary medicine and growth promoters accelerates antibiotic resistance, creating a serious threat to public health in the world. Swine liquid manure as an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has received much attention, but little information is known regarding the occurrence, persistence and fate of ARGs-associated mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in swine farms, especially their change patterns and removal in full-scale piggery wastewater treatment systems (PWWTSs). In this study, we searched the presence and distribution of MGEs and associated ARGs in swine farms, and addressed their fate and seasonal variation in full-scale PWWTSs by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Our results revealed class 1 integrons, class 2 integrons and conjugative plasmids were prevalent in pig feces and piggery wastewater. A clear pattern of these MGE levels in swine liquid manure was also observed, i.e., intI1 > intI2 > traA (p < 0.01), and their absolute abundances in winter were all higher than that in summer with 0.07-2.23 logs. Notably, MGEs and ARGs prevailed through various treatment units of PWWTSs, and considerable levels of them were present in the treated effluent discharged from swine farms (up to 101-107 copies/mL for MGEs and 103-108 copies/mL for ARGs). There were significant correlations between most ARG abundance and MGE levels (p < 0.05), such as tetQ and traA (r = 0.775), sul1 and intI1 (r = 0.847), qnrS and inI2 (r = 0.859), suggesting the potential of ARGs-horizontal transfer. Thus the high prevalence and enrichment of MGEs and ARGs occurred in pig feces and piggery wastewater, also implicating that swine liquid manure could be a hotspot for horizontal transfer of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Bingjun Han
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yanru Gu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Keqiang Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China.
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Werner M, Suchodolski JS, Straubinger RK, Wolf G, Steiner JM, Lidbury JA, Neuerer F, Hartmann K, Unterer S. Effect of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid on clinical scores, intestinal microbiome, and amoxicillin-resistant Escherichia coli in dogs with uncomplicated acute diarrhea. J Vet Intern Med 2020; 34:1166-1176. [PMID: 32324947 PMCID: PMC7255678 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite limited evidence of efficacy, antibiotic treatment is still frequently prescribed in dogs with uncomplicated acute diarrhea (AD). Objective To assess whether amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid has a clinical benefit, an effect on the fecal microbiome, and the proportion of amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli in dogs with AD. Animals Sixteen dogs with AD of <3 days duration. Methods Prospective, placebo‐controlled, double‐blinded study. Clinical scores were compared between client‐owned dogs randomly assigned to an antibiotic (AG) or a placebo (PG) group. The intestinal microbiome was analyzed using quantitative PCR assays. Amoxicillin‐resistant fecal E. coli were assessed semiquantitatively with microbiological methods. Results There was no difference in clinical recovery between treated dogs or controls (CADS index day 10: AG group median: 2 (range: 1‐3; CI [1.4; 2.6]); PG group median: 1.6 (range: 1‐3; CI [1.1; 2.4]); P > .99). All dogs gained normal clinical scores (CADS index ≤3) after 1 to 6 days (median 2 days) after presentation. There was no significant difference in the fecal dysbiosis index (during treatment: AG mean −2.6 (SD 3.0; CI [−5.1; 0.0]); PG mean −0.8 (SD 4.0; CI [−4.2; 2.5]; P > .99) or its bacterial taxa. The proportion of resistant fecal E. coli increased (to median: 100%; range: 35%‐100%) during treatment with amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid and was still increased (median: 10%; range 2%‐67%) 3 weeks after treatment, both of which were significantly higher proportions than in the placebo group for both time points (during treatment AG median 100% versus PG median 0.2% (P < .001); after treatment AG median 10% versus PG median 0.0% (P = .002)). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Our study suggests that treatment with amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid confers no clinical benefit to dogs with AD, but predisposes the development of amoxicillin‐resistant E. coli, which persist for as long as 3 weeks after treatment. These findings support international guideline recommendations that dogs with diarrhea should not be treated with antimicrobials unless there are signs of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Werner
- Clinic of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Reinhard K Straubinger
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Wolf
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan A Lidbury
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Felix Neuerer
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine Ismaning, Ismaning, Germany
| | - Katrin Hartmann
- Clinic of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Unterer
- Clinic of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Is Caretta Caretta a Carrier of Antibiotic Resistance in the Mediterranean Sea? Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9030116. [PMID: 32164241 PMCID: PMC7148500 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea turtles can be considered a sentinel species for monitoring the health of marine ecosystems, acting, at the same time, as a carrier of microorganisms. Indeed, sea turtles can acquire the microbiota from their reproductive sites and feeding, contributing to the diffusion of antibiotic-resistant strains to uncontaminated environments. This study aims to unveil the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in (i) loggerhead sea turtles stranded along the coast of Sicily (Mediterranean Sea), (ii) unhatched and/or hatched eggs, (iii) sand from the turtles’ nest and (iv) seawater. Forty-four bacterial strains were isolated and identified by conventional biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequencing. The Gram-negative Aeromonas and Vibrio species were mainly found in sea turtles and seawater samples, respectively. Conversely, the Gram-positive Bacillus, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus strains were mostly isolated from eggs and sand. The antimicrobial resistance profile of the isolates revealed that these strains were resistant to cefazolin (95.5%), streptomycin (43.2%), colistin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (34.1%). Moreover, metagenome analysis unveiled the presence of both antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes, as well as the mobile element class 1 integron at an alarming percentage rate. Our results suggest that Caretta caretta could be considered a carrier of antibiotic-resistant genes.
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Zhang K, Xin R, Zhao Z, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Niu Z. Antibiotic Resistance Genes in drinking water of China: Occurrence, distribution and influencing factors. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 188:109837. [PMID: 31683044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Drinking water samples were collected from 71 cities, including 28 provincial capital cities or municipalities, 20 prefecture cities and 23 counties, of 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China from July to August in 2017. Futhermore, 24 Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs), 16S rRNA and 2 integrase genes were quantified by qPCR to investigate the pollution degree of ARGs. The results revealed that the 16S ranged from 105 - 108 copies/100 mL in the drinking water, and its treatment process could effectively remove bacteria. Moreover, sulfonamides-ARGs were the most prevalent ARGs in the drinking water of China, and the abundance of blaTEM ranked top five in all cities among the selected ARGs, indicating that the pollution condition of the genes should be aroused more attention. The data of qPCR and correlation analyses indicated that intI1 played a more crucial role than intI2 in the propagation of ARGs in the drinking water. Additionally, the pollution degree of ARGs among different city types showed no significant difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Rui Xin
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ze Zhao
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yongzheng Ma
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Zhiguang Niu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates colonizing pigs with different exposure to antibiotics. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225497. [PMID: 31747427 PMCID: PMC6867694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2016, very high rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-ST398 (99%) were found in Portuguese pig farms that used colistin, amoxicillin, and zinc oxide as feed additives. Since then, farms A and B banned the use of colistin, and farm C banned the use of both antibiotics. Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the ban of colistin and amoxicillin on pig MRSA carriage rates, clonal types and antimicrobial resistance, compared to the results obtained in 2016. Methods In 2018, 103 pigs (52 from farm B using amoxicillin only as a feed additive and 51 from farm C where no antibiotics were included in the feed regimen) were nasally swabbed for MRSA colonization. Isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, and characterised by spa typing, SCCmec typing and MLST. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed for representative isolates. Results Overall, 96% of the pigs swabbed in 2018 carried MRSA, mostly ST398-SCCmec V-spa types t011/t108. MRSA from pigs not receiving antibiotics in the feed regimen showed susceptibility to a higher number of antibiotics, namely erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol. Notably, most of these isolates (n = 52) presented an unusual erythromycin-susceptibility/clindamycin-resistance phenotype. WGS showed that these isolates lacked the erm and the lnu genes encoding resistance to macrolides and lincosamides, respectively, but carried the vgaALC gene encoding resistance to lincosamides, which is here firstly identified in S. aureus ST398. Conclusion After two years the ban of colistin and amoxicillin as feed additives had no significant impact on the MRSA nasal carriage rates. Nevertheless, the MRSA strains circulating in those farms showed resistance to a lower number of antibiotic classes.
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Xu M, Stedtfeld RD, Wang F, Hashsham SA, Song Y, Chuang Y, Fan J, Li H, Jiang X, Tiedje JM. Composting increased persistence of manure-borne antibiotic resistance genes in soils with different fertilization history. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:1172-1180. [PMID: 31466157 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Different long-term fertilization regimes may change indigenous microorganism diversity in the arable soil and thus might influence the persistence and transmission of manure-born antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Different manure origins and composting techniques might affect the fate of introduced ARGs in farmland. A four-month microcosm experiment was performed using two soils, which originated from the same field and applied with the same chemical fertilizer or swine manure for 26 years, to investigate the dynamics of ARGs in soil amended with manure or compost from the farm and an agro-technology company. High throughput qPCR and sequencing were applied to quantify ARGs using 144 primer sets and microorganism in soil. Fertilization history had little effect on dynamics of manure-borne ARGs in soil regardless of manure origin or composting. Very different half-lives of ARGs and mobile genetic elements from farm manure and commercial manure were observed in both soils. Composting decreased abundance of most ARGs in manure, but increased the persistence of manure-introduced ARGs in soil irrespective of fertilization history, especially for those from farm manure. These findings help understanding the fate of ARGs in manured soil and may inform techniques to mitigate ARGs transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Robert D Stedtfeld
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Syed A Hashsham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yahui Chuang
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jianbo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - James M Tiedje
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA; Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
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Stange C, Yin D, Xu T, Guo X, Schäfer C, Tiehm A. Distribution of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes in Lake Tai, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:337-346. [PMID: 30471602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lake Tai is China's third largest freshwater lake and an important water resource for agriculture, industrial sectors, and as drinking water for several large cities. In this study, the occurrence of five antibiotic resistance genes (sul1, blaTEM, blaNDM-1, blaCTX-M-32, mcr-1) was investigated in water and sediment samples collected from Lake Tai. Antibiotic resistances are currently increasing, posing a significant threat to public health. The sulfonamide resistance gene sul1 was highly abundant in all analyzed water and sediment samples. In addition, the two β-lactamase genes blaTEMand blaNDM-1 - encoding clinically relevant antibiotic resistances - were detected in 67.1 and 7.3% of the water samples and in 70.7 and 15.4% of the sediment samples. The third β-lactamase gene, blaCTX-M-32, was only detected in water samples (13.4%), while the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was not detected in any of the samples. No significant variations between different sampling sites or time points could be observed. The investigation of drinking water treatment at Lake Tai, using lake water as influent, showed a significant reduction of the antibiotic resistance genes through the treatment process. Microbial source tracking showed only low fecal contamination by humans, ruminants, and pigs, indicating the relevance of other sources such as fish farms. Overall, our results provide important insights into the occurrence and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in the Lake Tai water system and their elimination via drinking water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Stange
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - D Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Sipping Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - T Xu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Sipping Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - X Guo
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Sipping Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - C Schäfer
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Tiehm
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Yang F, Zhang K, Zhi S, Li J, Tian X, Gu Y, Zhou J. High prevalence and dissemination of β-lactamase genes in swine farms in northern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:2507-2513. [PMID: 30336440 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
β-Lactamase (extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC/carbapenemase)-encoding genes, primarily discovered in clinical settings, are increasingly recovering from the environment, thus posing potential threats to public health. This paper addresses the occurrence of high-risk β-lactamase genes (bla genes) in Chinese swine farm and its surrounding farmland, and investigated their seasonal variation and fate in piggery wastewater treatment system (PWWTS) using real-time quantitative PCR. It is observed that blaTEM-1, blaGES-1,blaOXA-1 and blaAmpC were the dominant bla genes in swine farms, which were present in all pig feces, and prevailed through each treatment stage of PWWTSs. Furthermore, bla genes were more abundant in winter than that in summer, with 0.01-1.65 logs variation in swine wastewater. Troublesomely, significant bla gene levels were still discharged via the final effluents (up to 106 copies/mL) into farmland, resulting in the increase of bla gene abundance in soil (approximately 1-3 orders of magnitude). The discharge of bla genes in wastewater from swine farm highlights the need to mitigate the persistence and spreading of these elevated bla genes in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Keqiang Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Suli Zhi
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xueli Tian
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yanru Gu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin 150036, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin 150036, China
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Abstract
Optimization of antimicrobial treatment is a cornerstone in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. Various national and international authorities and professional veterinary and farming associations have released generic guidelines on prudent antimicrobial use in animals. However, these generic guidelines need to be translated into a set of animal species- and disease-specific practice recommendations. This article focuses on prevention of antimicrobial resistance and its complex relationship with treatment efficacy, highlighting key situations where the current antimicrobial drug products, treatment recommendations, and practices may be insufficient to minimize antimicrobial selection. The authors address this topic using a multidisciplinary approach involving microbiology, pharmacology, clinical medicine, and animal husbandry. In the first part of the article, we define four key targets for implementing the concept of optimal antimicrobial treatment in veterinary practice: (i) reduction of overall antimicrobial consumption, (ii) improved use of diagnostic testing, (iii) prudent use of second-line, critically important antimicrobials, and (iv) optimization of dosage regimens. In the second part, we provided practice recommendations for achieving these four targets, with reference to specific conditions that account for most antimicrobial use in pigs (intestinal and respiratory disease), cattle (respiratory disease and mastitis), dogs and cats (skin, intestinal, genitourinary, and respiratory disease), and horses (upper respiratory disease, neonatal foal care, and surgical infections). Lastly, we present perspectives on the education and research needs for improving antimicrobial use in the future.
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Troiano E, Beneduce L, Gross A, Ronen Z. Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Greywater and Greywater-Irrigated Soils. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2666. [PMID: 30459742 PMCID: PMC6232274 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study represents the first systematic attempt to evaluate antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) occurrence in treated greywater and the potential spread of these bacteria from the greywater to greywater-irrigated soil. Treated greywater from three recirculating vertical flow constructed wetlands, each located in a household in the central Negev Desert, Israel, was surveyed. The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in raw and treated greywater was investigated with culture and molecular methods, as well as their presence in the corresponding treated-greywater-irrigated soils. Additionally, the effectiveness of chlorination to prevent the spread of ARB was tested. The total count of tetracycline-resistant bacteria significantly increased in the treated greywater, likely due to their concentration on the filter matrix of the treatment systems. Twenty-four strains of tetracycline-resistant bacteria were isolated and identified at the genus level by 16Sr RNA gene sequencing. All the tetracycline-resistant bacteria showed high resistance traits, and some of them presented multiple antibiotic resistances. Six tetracycline resistance genes (coding for efflux and ribosomal resistance mechanisms) and five β-lactamase genes were detected. In 14 of the isolated strains, the gene tet39, which is phylogenetically related to both environmental and clinical strains, was identified. All the tet39 resistant bacteria were positive to at least one of the β-lactamase genes tested. Chlorination was found to be an efficient method to reduce ARB in treated greywater. We concluded that disinfection of treated greywater may reduce the risks not only from the potential presence of pathogens but also from the presence of ARB and antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Troiano
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luciano Beneduce
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Amit Gross
- Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Zeev Ronen
- Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
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Garner E, Chen C, Xia K, Bowers J, Engelthaler DM, McLain J, Edwards MA, Pruden A. Metagenomic Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Full-Scale Reclaimed Water Distribution Systems and Corresponding Potable Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:6113-6125. [PMID: 29741366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Water reclamation provides a valuable resource for meeting nonpotable water demands. However, little is known about the potential for wastewater reuse to disseminate antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, samples were collected seasonally in 2014-2015 from four U.S. utilities' reclaimed and potable water distribution systems before treatment, after treatment, and at five points of use (POU). Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to profile the resistome (i.e., full contingent of ARGs) of a subset ( n = 38) of samples. Four ARGs ( qnrA, blaTEM, vanA, sul1) were quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Bacterial community composition (via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing), horizontal gene transfer (via quantification of intI1 integrase and plasmid genes), and selection pressure (via detection of metals and antibiotics) were investigated as potential factors governing the presence of ARGs. Certain ARGs were elevated in all ( sul1; p ≤ 0.0011) or some ( blaTEM, qnrA; p ≤ 0.0145) reclaimed POU samples compared to corresponding potable samples. Bacterial community composition was weakly correlated with ARGs (Adonis, R2 = 0.1424-0.1734) and associations were noted between 193 ARGs and plasmid-associated genes. This study establishes that reclaimed water could convey greater abundances of certain ARGs than potable waters and provides observations regarding factors that likely control ARG occurrence in reclaimed water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Garner
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Chaoqi Chen
- Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Kang Xia
- Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Jolene Bowers
- Translational Genomics Research Institute , Flagstaff , Arizona 86005 , United States
| | - David M Engelthaler
- Translational Genomics Research Institute , Flagstaff , Arizona 86005 , United States
| | - Jean McLain
- Water Resources Research Center , University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85719 , United States
| | - Marc A Edwards
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Amy Pruden
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
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Moreira NFF, Narciso-da-Rocha C, Polo-López MI, Pastrana-Martínez LM, Faria JL, Manaia CM, Fernández-Ibáñez P, Nunes OC, Silva AMT. Solar treatment (H 2O 2, TiO 2-P25 and GO-TiO 2 photocatalysis, photo-Fenton) of organic micropollutants, human pathogen indicators, antibiotic resistant bacteria and related genes in urban wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 135:195-206. [PMID: 29475109 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Solar-driven advanced oxidation processes were studied in a pilot-scale photoreactor, as tertiary treatments of effluents from an urban wastewater treatment plant. Solar-H2O2, heterogeneous photocatalysis (with and/or without the addition of H2O2 and employing three different photocatalysts) and the photo-Fenton process were investigated. Chemical (sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, and diclofenac) and biological contaminants (faecal contamination indicators, their antibiotic resistant counterparts, 16S rRNA and antibiotic resistance genes), as well as the whole bacterial community, were characterized. Heterogeneous photocatalysis using TiO2-P25 and assisted with H2O2 (P25/H2O2) was the most efficient process on the degradation of the chemical organic micropollutants, attaining levels below the limits of quantification in less than 4 h of treatment (corresponding to QUV < 40 kJ L-1). This performance was followed by the same process without H2O2, using TiO2-P25 or a composite material based on graphene oxide and TiO2. Regarding the biological indicators, total faecal coliforms and enterococci and their antibiotic resistant (tetracycline and ciprofloxacin) counterparts were reduced to values close, or beneath, the detection limit (1 CFU 100 mL-1) for all treatments employing H2O2, even upon storage of the treated wastewater for 3-days. Moreover, P25/H2O2 and solar-H2O2 were the most efficient processes in the reduction of the abundance (gene copy number per volume of wastewater) of the analysed genes. However, this reduction was transient for 16S rRNA, intI1 and sul1 genes, since after 3-days storage of the treated wastewater their abundance increased to values close to pre-treatment levels. Similar behaviour was observed for the genes qnrS (using TiO2-P25), blaCTX-M and blaTEM (using TiO2-P25 and TiO2-P25/H2O2). Interestingly, higher proportions of sequence reads affiliated to the phylum Proteobacteria (Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria) were found after 3-days storage of treated wastewater than before its treatment. Members of the genera Pseudomonas, Rheinheimera and Methylotenera were among those with overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno F F Moreira
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Narciso-da-Rocha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Luisa M Pastrana-Martínez
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim L Faria
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Célia M Manaia
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pilar Fernández-Ibáñez
- Plataforma Solar de Almeria - CIEMAT, P.O. Box 22, 04200, Tabernas, Almeria, Spain; Nanotechnology and Integrated BioEngineering Centre, School of Engineering, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, United Kingdom.
| | - Olga C Nunes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adrián M T Silva
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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Kouadio IK, Guessennd N, Dadié A, Koffi E, Dosso M. Comparative study of the impact of the administration of Amoxicillin and Algo-Bio ® alternative substance to antibiotics, on the level of selection of resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the digestive flora of piglets. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2018; 13:161-164. [PMID: 29366720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of study was to evaluate by comparative study the level of selection of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the digestive microbiota of piglets when using amoxicillin and Algo-Bio®. METHODS Amoxicillin and Algo-Bio® administration was carried out over a period of 5 days (D0-D4) at a dose of 1mL/10kg body weight. A phenotypic study was carried out with enumeration of resistant Enterobacteriaceae on MacConkey agar plates in the presence and absence of amoxicillin. Escherichia coli isolates were identified and were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. RESULTS The percentages of amoxicillin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae before treatment ranged from 10-15% for the four groups of piglets. Following treatment initiation, on the second day (D1) to the fifth day (D4) of treatment, the percentages increased to 54-87% for the groups treated with amoxicillin. In the group treated with Algo-Bio® and the controls, the percentages were <50%. The percentage of amoxicillin-resistant E. coli strains to the associated antibiotics increased during days of amoxicillin treatment, whereas in the control and Algo-Bio® groups the percentages of E. coli resistant to antibiotics did not increase. CONCLUSION The results indicated that Algo-Bio® constitutes a good alternative prophylactic to antibiotics to reduce bacterial growth in the digestive tract of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent Kouamé Kouadio
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food, Department of Technology and Foods Sciences, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire; National Reference Center for Antibiotics, Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Nathalie Guessennd
- National Reference Center for Antibiotics, Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire; Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology of Faculty of Medical Sciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan, 01 BP V34 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Adjéhi Dadié
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food, Department of Technology and Foods Sciences, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Eugène Koffi
- Unit of Animal Resources Management, Environment and Health Department, Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Mireille Dosso
- National Reference Center for Antibiotics, Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire; Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology of Faculty of Medical Sciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan, 01 BP V34 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
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Burch DGS, Sperling D. Amoxicillin-current use in swine medicine. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 41:356-368. [PMID: 29352469 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Amoxicillin has become a major antimicrobial substance in pig medicine for the treatment and control of severe, systemic infections such as Streptococcus suis. The minimum inhibitory concentration 90% (MIC 90) is 0.06 μg amoxicillin/ml, and the proposed epidemiological cut-off value (ECOFF) is 0.5 μg/ml, giving only 0.7% of isolates above the ECOFF or of reduced susceptibility. Clinical breakpoints have not been set for amoxicillin against porcine pathogens yet, hence the use of ECOFFs. It has also been successfully used for bacterial respiratory infections caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. The ECOFF for amoxicillin against A. pleuropneumoniae is also 0.5 μg/ml demonstrating only a reduced susceptibility in 11.3% of isolates. Similarly, P. multocida had an ECOFF of 1.0 μg/ml and a reduced susceptibility in only 2.6% of isolates. This reduced susceptibility disappears when combined with the beta-lactamase inhibitor, clavulanic acid, demonstrating that it is primarily associated with beta-lactamase production. In contrast, amoxicillin is active against Escherichia coli and Salmonella species but using ECOFFs of 8.0 and 4.0 μg/ml, respectively, reduced susceptibility can be seen in 70.9% and 67.7% of isolates. These high levels of reduced susceptibility are primarily due to beta-lactamase production also, and most of this resistance can be overcome by the combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid. Currently, amoxicillin alone is considered an extremely valuable antimicrobial in both human and animal medicine and remains in the critically important category of antibiotics alongside the fluoroquinolones and macrolides by the World Health Organization as well as the third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, but these cephalosporins show marked resistance to basic beta-lactamase production and are only destroyed by the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Amoxicillin alone and in combination with clavulanic acid are currently classed together in Category 2 in the European Union. By reviewing the pharmacodynamic data and comparing this with pharmacokinetic data from healthy and infected animals and clinical trial data, it can be seen that the product has a good efficacy against S. suis and A. pleuropneumoniae, in spite of usage over many years. However, it may be much less efficacious on its own against E. coli, due to reduced susceptibility and resistance associated with beta-lactamase production, which is largely overcome by the use of clavulanic acid. It is felt that this differentiation may be useful in future classification of amoxicillin alone, in comparison with its combined use with clavulanic acid and thereby preserve the use of the more critically important antibiotics in veterinary medicine and reducing the risk of their resistance being transmitted to human.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G S Burch
- Octagon Services Ltd, Windsor, Berkshire, UK
| | - D Sperling
- Ceva Sante Animale, Libourne Cedex, Bordeaux, France
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41
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Qiao M, Ying GG, Singer AC, Zhu YG. Review of antibiotic resistance in China and its environment. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 110:160-172. [PMID: 29107352 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 829] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis linked to increased, and often unrestricted, antibiotic use in humans and animals. As one of the world's largest producers and consumers of antibiotics, China is witness to some of the most acute symptoms of this crisis. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are widely distributed in surface water, sewage treatment plant effluent, soils and animal wastes. The emergence and increased prevalence of ARGs in the clinic/hospitals, especially carbapenem-resistant gram negative bacteria, has raised the concern of public health officials. It is important to understand the current state of antibiotic use in China and its relationship to ARG prevalence and diversity in the environment. Here we review these relationships and their relevance to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends witnessed in the clinical setting. This review highlights the issues of enrichment and dissemination of ARGs in the environment, and also future needs in mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment, particularly under the 'planetary health' perspective, i.e., the systems that sustain or threaten human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qiao
- State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Andrew C Singer
- NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Zhang YJ, Hu HW, Gou M, Wang JT, Chen D, He JZ. Temporal succession of soil antibiotic resistance genes following application of swine, cattle and poultry manures spiked with or without antibiotics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:1621-1632. [PMID: 28964602 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Land application of animal manure is a common agricultural practice potentially leading to dispersal and propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in environmental settings. However, the fate of resistome in agro-ecosystems over time following application of different manure sources has never been compared systematically. Here, soil microcosm incubation was conducted to compare effects of poultry, cattle and swine manures spiked with or without the antibiotic tylosin on the temporal changes of soil ARGs. The high-throughput quantitative PCR detected a total of 185 unique ARGs, with Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B resistance as the most frequently encountered ARG type. The diversity and abundance of ARGs significantly increased following application of manure and manure spiked with tylosin, with more pronounced effects observed in the swine and poultry manure treatments than in the cattle manure treatment. The level of antibiotic resistance gradually decreased over time in all manured soils but was still significantly higher in the soils treated with swine and poultry manures than in the untreated soils after 130 days' incubation. Tylosin-amended soils consistently showed higher abundances of ARGs than soils treated with manure only, suggesting a strong selection pressure of antibiotic-spiked manure on soil ARGs. The relative abundance of ARGs had significantly positive correlations with integrase and transposase genes, indicative of horizontal transfer potential of ARGs in manure and tylosin treated soils. Our findings provide evidence that application of swine and poultry manures might enrich more soil ARGs than cattle manure, which necessitates the appropriate treatment of raw animal manures prior to land application to minimise the spread of environmental ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jing Zhang
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Min Gou
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jun-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Deli Chen
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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43
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De Smet J, Croubels S, De Backer P, Devreese M. Effect of administration route and dose alteration on sulfadiazine-trimethoprim plasma and intestinal concentrations in pigs. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2017; 50:707-714. [PMID: 28668685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Potentiated sulfonamides, such as sulfadiazine-trimethoprim (SDZ-TRIM), are frequently used antimicrobials in both human and veterinary medicine. To optimise their use in relation to the emerging problem of resistance selection, this paper studied the impact of dose and administration route of SDZ-TRIM on the exposure of the gut microbiota to these antimicrobials. An animal experiment was conducted with 36 pigs, divided into six different treatment groups (n = 6). Three different administration routes were outlined: oral (PO) gavage, intramuscular (IM) injection and medicated feed, with 5-day therapy duration. Conventional dosing (30 mg SDZ-TRIM/kg bodyweight [BW]) and half dosing (15 mg SDZ-TRIM/kg BW) was performed for the oral routes in two applications per day. For the IM route, a conventional dose of 15 mg SDZ-TRIM/kg BW or a double dose of 30 mg SDZ-TRIM/kg BW was administered once daily. After daily collection of blood and faeces, the intestinal content of all animals was sampled in different gastrointestinal tract (GIT) segments, and SDZ and TRIM were quantified. Remarkably, SDZ accumulated in distal GIT segments, independently of the administration route. High concentrations (mean ± standard deviation) up to 26.93 ± 8.36 µg/g, 11.15 ± 3.78 µg/g and 19.36 ± 1.86 µg/g after PO gavage, IM administration and medicated feed, respectively, were measured for SDZ. In contrast, TRIM concentrations decreased from proximal to distal segments and were mostly below the limit of quantification (0.025 µg/g). The high oral bioavailability of SDZ indicates gastrointestinal secretion is a substantial elimination route for SDZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joren De Smet
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Siska Croubels
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Backer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Mathias Devreese
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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Sui Q, Zhang J, Tong J, Chen M, Wei Y. Seasonal variation and removal efficiency of antibiotic resistance genes during wastewater treatment of swine farms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:9048-9057. [PMID: 26715413 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The seasonal variation and removal efficiency of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including tetracycline resistance genes (tetG, tetM, and tetX) and macrolide (ermB, ermF, ereA, and mefA), were investigated in two typical swine wastewater treatment systems in both winter and summer. ARGs, class 1 integron gene, and 16S rRNA gene were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. There was a 0.31-3.52 log variation in ARGs in raw swine wastewater, and the abundance of ARGs in winter was higher than in summer. tetM, tetX, ermB, ermF, and mefA were highly abundant. The abundance of ARGs was effectively reduced by most individual treatment process and the removal efficiencies of ARGs were higher in winter than in summer. However, when examining relative abundance, the fate of ARGs was quite variable. Anaerobic digestion reduced the relative abundance of tetX, ermB, ermF, and mefA, while lagoon treatment decreased tetM, ermB, ermF, and mefA. Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) decreased tetM, ermB, and ermF, but biofilters and wetlands did not display consistent removal efficiency on ARGs in two sampling seasons. As far as the entire treatment system is concerned, ermB and mefA were effectively reduced in both winter and summer in both total and relative abundance. The relative abundances of tetG and ereA were significantly correlated with intI1 (p < 0.01), and both tetG and ereA increased after wastewater treatment. This may pose a great threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Sui
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Junya Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Juan Tong
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Meixue Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- Institute of Energy, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330096, China.
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Brandão MADR, Lopes ATS, Neta MTDS, de Oliveira RBF, Rezende RP, Albuquerque GR, Gonçalves VD, Rodrigues DDP, Boehs G, Maciel BM. Microbiological Quality and Prevalence of β-Lactam Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Oysters ( Crassostrea rhizophorae ). J Food Prot 2017; 80:488-496. [PMID: 28207310 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The microbiological quality of oysters reflects the microbiological quality of their habitats because they are filter feeders. The objective of this study was to assess the bacterial composition of the edible oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae in urban and preserved estuaries. Particularly, we assessed the presence of pathogenic bacteria, investigated antibiotic susceptibility in bacterial isolates, and quantified β-lactam antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaKPC) via quantitative PCR of oyster DNA. Our results detected total coliforms, Escherichia coli , and enterobacteria in the oysters from urban estuaries, which is indicative of poor water quality. In addition, our detection of the eaeA and stxA2 virulence genes in 16.7% of E. coli isolates from oysters from this region suggests the presence of multiantibiotic-resistant enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic E. coli strains. During periods of low precipitation, increased contamination by E. coli (in winter) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (in autumn) was observed. In contrast, cultivated oysters inhabiting monitored farms in preserved areas had low levels of bacterial contamination, emphasizing that oyster culture monitoring enhances food quality and makes oysters fit for human consumption. Distinct antibiotic resistance profiles were observed in bacteria isolated from oysters collected from different areas, including resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. The presence of the blaTEM gene in 91.3% of oyster samples indicated that microorganisms in estuarine water conferred the capability to produce β-lactamase. To our knowledge, this is the first study to directly quantify and detect β-lactam antibiotic resistance genes in oysters. We believe our study provides baseline data for bacterial dynamics in estuarine oysters; such knowledge contributes to developing risk assessments to determine the associated hazards and consequences of consuming oysters from aquatic environments containing pathogenic bacteria that may possess antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rachel Passos Rezende
- Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - George Rêgo Albuquerque
- Graduation Program in Animal Science, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.,Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guisla Boehs
- Department of Biological Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Bianca Mendes Maciel
- Graduation Program in Animal Science, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
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Yun J, Olkkola S, Hänninen ML, Oliviero C, Heinonen M. The effects of amoxicillin treatment of newborn piglets on the prevalence of hernias and abscesses, growth and ampicillin resistance of intestinal coliform bacteria in weaned pigs. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172150. [PMID: 28199379 PMCID: PMC5310895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a single amoxicillin treatment of newborn piglets on the prevalence of hernias and abscesses until the age of nine weeks. We also studied whether the treatment was associated with growth and mortality, the need for treatment of other diseases, the proportions of ampicillin resistant coliforms and antimicrobial resistance patterns of intestinal Escherichia coli (E. coli). A total of 7156 piglets, from approximately 480 litters, were divided into two treatment groups: ANT (N = 3661) and CON (N = 3495), where piglets were treated with or without a single intramuscular injection of 75 mg amoxicillin one day after birth, respectively. The umbilical and inguinal areas of weaned pigs were palpated at four and nine weeks of age. At the same time, altogether 124 pigs with hernias or abscesses and 820 non-defective pigs from three pens per batch were weighed individually. Mortality and the need to treat piglets for other diseases were recorded. Piglet faecal samples were collected from three areas of the floors of each pen at four weeks of age. The prevalence of umbilical hernias or abscesses did not differ between the groups at four weeks of age, but it was higher in the CON group than in the ANT group at nine weeks of age (2.3% vs. 0.7%, P < 0.05). Numbers of inguinal hernias and abscesses did not differ between the groups at four or nine weeks of age. The ANT group, when it compared with the CON group, increased the weight gain between four and nine weeks of age (LS means ± SE; 497.5 g/d ± 5.0 vs. 475.3 g/d ± 4.9, P < 0.01), and decreased piglet mortality (19.5% ± 1.0 vs. 6.9% ± 1.0, P < 0.05) and the need to treat the piglets for leg problems (3.4% ± 0.3 vs. 1.9% ± 0.3%, P < 0.01) but not for other diseases by the age of four weeks. The proportion of ampicillin resistant intestinal coliform bacteria and the resistance patterns of the E. coli isolates were not different between the ANT and CON groups. In conclusion, our results showed that the amoxicillin treatment of new-born piglets produced statistically significant effect in some of the parameters studied. However, as these effects were only minor, we did not find grounds to recommend preventive antibiotic treatment. Further, continuous antimicrobial treatment of newborn piglets could negatively influence the development of the normal microbiota of the piglet and promote selection of antimicrobial resistance genes in herds. Therefore we suggest rejection of the use of routine administration of antimicrobial agents at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyeon Yun
- Research Centre for Animal Welfare, Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Olkkola
- Antibiotics Section, Food and Feed Microbiology Research unit, Research and Laboratory Department, Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Mustialankatu 3, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marja-Liisa Hänninen
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Claudio Oliviero
- Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Paroninkuja 20, Saarentaus, Finland
| | - Mari Heinonen
- Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Paroninkuja 20, Saarentaus, Finland
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Toutain PL, Ferran AA, Bousquet-Melou A, Pelligand L, Lees P. Veterinary Medicine Needs New Green Antimicrobial Drugs. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1196. [PMID: 27536285 PMCID: PMC4971058 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that: (1) the worldwide consumption of antimicrobial drugs (AMDs) used in food-producing animals will increase over the coming decades; (2) the prudent use of AMDs will not suffice to stem the rise in human antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of animal origin; (3) alternatives to AMD use are not available or not implementable, there is an urgent need to develop novel AMDs for food-producing animals. This is not for animal health reasons, but to break the link between human and animal resistomes. In this review we establish the feasibility of developing for veterinary medicine new AMDs, termed "green antibiotics," having minimal ecological impact on the animal commensal and environmental microbiomes. We first explain why animal and human commensal microbiota comprise a "turnstile" exchange, between the human and animal resistomes. We then outline the ideal physico-chemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties of a veterinary green antibiotic and conclude that they can be developed through a rational screening of currently used AMD classes. The ideal drug will be hydrophilic, of relatively low potency, slow clearance and small volume of distribution. It should be eliminated principally by the kidney as inactive metabolite(s). For oral administration, bioavailability can be enhanced by developing lipophilic pro-drugs. For parenteral administration, slow-release formulations of existing eco-friendly AMDs with a short elimination half-life can be developed. These new eco-friendly veterinary AMDs can be developed from currently used drug classes to provide alternative agents to those currently used in veterinary medicine and mitigate animal contributions to the human AMR problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Louis Toutain
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, TOXALIM, Université de ToulouseToulouse, France
| | - Aude A. Ferran
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, TOXALIM, Université de ToulouseToulouse, France
| | - Alain Bousquet-Melou
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, TOXALIM, Université de ToulouseToulouse, France
| | - Ludovic Pelligand
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeHatfield, UK
| | - Peter Lees
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeHatfield, UK
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Di Cesare A, Losasso C, Barco L, Eckert EM, Conficoni D, Sarasini G, Corno G, Ricci A. Diverse distribution of Toxin-Antitoxin II systems in Salmonella enterica serovars. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28759. [PMID: 27357537 PMCID: PMC4928088 DOI: 10.1038/srep28759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Type II Toxin-Antitoxin systems (TAs), known for their presence in virulent and antibiotic resistant bacterial strains, were recently identified in Salmonella enterica isolates. However, the relationships between the presence of TAs (ccdAB and vapBC) and the epidemiological and genetic features of different non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars are largely unknown, reducing our understanding of the ecological success of different serovars. Salmonella enterica isolates from different sources, belonging to different serovars and epidemiologically unrelated according to ERIC profiles, were investigated for the presence of type II TAs, plasmid content, and antibiotic resistance. The results showed the ubiquitous presence of the vapBC gene in all the investigated Salmonella isolates, but a diverse distribution of ccdAB, which was detected in the most widespread Salmonella serovars, only. Analysis of the plasmid toxin ccdB translated sequence of four selected Salmonella isolates showed the presence of the amino acid substitution R99W, known to impede in vitro the lethal effect of CcdB toxin in the absence of its cognate antitoxin CcdA. These findings suggest a direct role of the TAs in promoting adaptability and persistence of the most prevalent Salmonella serovars, thus implying a wider eco-physiological role for these type II TAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Cesare
- Microbial Ecology Group, National Research Council – Institute of Ecosystem Study (CNR-ISE), Largo Tonolli 50,28822, Verbania, Italy
| | - Carmen Losasso
- Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell’Università 10, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Lisa Barco
- Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell’Università 10, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Ester M. Eckert
- Microbial Ecology Group, National Research Council – Institute of Ecosystem Study (CNR-ISE), Largo Tonolli 50,28822, Verbania, Italy
| | - Daniele Conficoni
- Department Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, viale dell’Università, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giulia Sarasini
- Microbial Ecology Group, National Research Council – Institute of Ecosystem Study (CNR-ISE), Largo Tonolli 50,28822, Verbania, Italy
| | - Gianluca Corno
- Microbial Ecology Group, National Research Council – Institute of Ecosystem Study (CNR-ISE), Largo Tonolli 50,28822, Verbania, Italy
| | - Antonia Ricci
- Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell’Università 10, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
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Rhouma M, Beaudry F, Letellier A. Resistance to colistin: what is the fate for this antibiotic in pig production? Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 48:119-26. [PMID: 27234675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Colistin, a cationic polypeptide antibiotic, has reappeared in human medicine as a last-line treatment option for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB). Colistin is widely used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae. GNB resistant to colistin owing to chromosomal mutations have already been reported both in human and veterinary medicine, however several recent studies have just identified a plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene encoding for colistin resistance in Escherichia coli colistin resistance. The discovery of a non-chromosomal mechanism of colistin resistance in E. coli has led to strong reactions in the scientific community and to concern among physicians and veterinarians. Colistin use in food animals and particularly in pig production has been singled out as responsible for the emergence of colistin resistance. The present review will focus mainly on the possible link between colistin use in pigs and the spread of colistin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. First we demonstrate a possible link between Enterobacteriaceae resistance emergence and oral colistin pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and its administration modalities in pigs. We then discuss the potential impact of colistin use in pigs on public health with respect to resistance. We believe that colistin use in pig production should be re-evaluated and its dosing and usage optimised. Moreover, the search for competitive alternatives to using colistin with swine is of paramount importance to preserve the effectiveness of this antibiotic for the treatment of MDR-GNB infections in human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Rhouma
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes (CRSV), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'enseignement en salubrité alimentaire (GRESA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada; Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Francis Beaudry
- Groupe de recherche en pharmacologie animale du Québec (GREPAQ), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Ann Letellier
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes (CRSV), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'enseignement en salubrité alimentaire (GRESA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada; Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada; Groupe de recherche en pharmacologie animale du Québec (GREPAQ), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
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50
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Moreira NFF, Sousa JM, Macedo G, Ribeiro AR, Barreiros L, Pedrosa M, Faria JL, Pereira MFR, Castro-Silva S, Segundo MA, Manaia CM, Nunes OC, Silva AMT. Photocatalytic ozonation of urban wastewater and surface water using immobilized TiO2 with LEDs: Micropollutants, antibiotic resistance genes and estrogenic activity. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 94:10-22. [PMID: 26921709 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic ozonation was employed for the first time in continuous mode with TiO2-coated glass Raschig rings and light emitting diodes (LEDs) to treat urban wastewater as well as surface water collected from the supply area of a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP). Different levels of contamination and types of contaminants were considered in this work, including chemical priority substances (PSs) and contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), as well as potential human opportunistic antibiotic resistant bacteria and their genes (ARB&ARG). Photocatalytic ozonation was more effective than single ozonation (or even than TiO2 catalytic ozonation) in the degradation of typical reaction by-products (such as oxalic acid), and more effective than photocatalysis to remove the parent micropollutants determined in urban wastewater. In fact, only fluoxetine, clarithromycin, erythromycin and 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) were detected after photocatalytic ozonation, by using solid-phase extraction (SPE) pre-concentration and LC-MS/MS analysis. In surface water, this treatment allowed the removal of all determined micropollutants to levels below the limit of detection (0.01-0.20 ng L(-1)). The efficiency of this process was then assessed based on the capacity to remove different groups of cultivable microorganisms and housekeeping (16S rRNA) and antibiotic resistance or related genes (intI1, blaTEM, qnrS, sul1). Photocatalytic ozonation was observed to efficiently remove microorganisms and ARGs. Although after storage total heterotrophic and ARB (to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, meropenem), fungi, and the genes 16S rRNA and intI1, increased to values close to the pre-treatment levels, the ARGs (blaTEM, qnrS and sul1) were reduced to levels below/close to the quantification limit even after 3-days storage of treated surface water or wastewater. Yeast estrogen screen (YES), thiazolyl blue tetrazolium reduction (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were also performed before and after photocatalytic ozonation to evaluate the potential estrogenic activity, the cellular metabolic activity and the cell viability. Compounds with estrogenic effects and significant differences concerning cell viability were not observed in any case. A slight cytotoxicity was only detected for Caco-2 and hCMEC/D3 cell lines after treatment of the urban wastewater, but not for L929 fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno F F Moreira
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - José M Sousa
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Macedo
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luisa Barreiros
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim L Faria
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Fernando R Pereira
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Castro-Silva
- Adventech-Advanced Environmental Technologies, Centro Empresarial e Tecnológico, Rua de Fundões 151, 3700-121, São João da Madeira, Portugal
| | - Marcela A Segundo
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Célia M Manaia
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Olga C Nunes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Adrián M T Silva
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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