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Miller ZA, Muthuswami S, Mueller A, Ma RZ, Sywanycz SM, Naik A, Huang L, Brody RM, Diab A, Carey RM, Lee RJ. GLUT1 inhibitor BAY-876 induces apoptosis and enhances anti-cancer effects of bitter receptor agonists in head and neck squamous carcinoma cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:339. [PMID: 39060287 PMCID: PMC11282258 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are cancers that arise in the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. The five-year patient survival rate is ~50%. Treatment includes surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy and is associated with lasting effects even when successful in irradicating the disease. New molecular targets and therapies must be identified to improve outcomes for HNSCC patients. We recently identified bitter taste receptors (taste family 2 receptors, or T2Rs) as a novel candidate family of receptors that activate apoptosis in HNSCC cells through mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and depolarization. We hypothesized that targeting another component of tumor cell metabolism, namely glycolysis, may increase the efficacy of T2R-directed therapies. GLUT1 (SLC2A1) is a facilitated-diffusion glucose transporter expressed by many cancer cells to fuel their increased rates of glycolysis. GLUT1 is already being investigated as a possible cancer target, but studies in HNSCCs are limited. Examination of immortalized HNSCC cells, patient samples, and The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed high expression of GLUT1 and upregulation in some patient tumor samples. HNSCC cells and tumor tissue express GLUT1 on the plasma membrane and within the cytoplasm (perinuclear, likely co-localized with the Golgi apparatus). We investigated the effects of a recently developed small molecule inhibitor of GLUT1, BAY-876. This compound decreased HNSCC glucose uptake, viability, and metabolism and induced apoptosis. Moreover, BAY-876 had enhanced effects on apoptosis when combined at low concentrations with T2R bitter taste receptor agonists. Notably, BAY-876 also decreased TNFα-induced IL-8 production, indicating an additional mechanism of possible tumor-suppressive effects. Our study demonstrates that targeting GLUT1 via BAY-876 to kill HNSCC cells, particularly in combination with T2R agonists, is a potential novel treatment strategy worth exploring further in future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoey A Miller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Pharmacology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sahil Muthuswami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Arielle Mueller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ray Z Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sarah M Sywanycz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anusha Naik
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lily Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Robert M Brody
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ahmed Diab
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ryan M Carey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Robert J Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Izadifar Z, Cotton J, Chen S, Horvath V, Stejskalova A, Gulati A, LoGrande NT, Budnik B, Shahriar S, Doherty ER, Xie Y, To T, Gilpin SE, Sesay AM, Goyal G, Lebrilla CB, Ingber DE. Mucus production, host-microbiome interactions, hormone sensitivity, and innate immune responses modeled in human cervix chips. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4578. [PMID: 38811586 PMCID: PMC11137093 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Modulation of the cervix by steroid hormones and commensal microbiome play a central role in the health of the female reproductive tract. Here we describe organ-on-a-chip (Organ Chip) models that recreate the human cervical epithelial-stromal interface with a functional epithelial barrier and production of mucus with biochemical and hormone-responsive properties similar to living cervix. When Cervix Chips are populated with optimal healthy versus dysbiotic microbial communities (dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus and Gardnerella vaginalis, respectively), significant differences in tissue innate immune responses, barrier function, cell viability, proteome, and mucus composition are observed that are similar to those seen in vivo. Thus, human Cervix Organ Chips represent physiologically relevant in vitro models to study cervix physiology and host-microbiome interactions, and hence may be used as a preclinical testbed for development of therapeutic interventions to enhance women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Izadifar
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Urology Department, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Justin Cotton
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Viktor Horvath
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Anna Stejskalova
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Aakanksha Gulati
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Nina T LoGrande
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Bogdan Budnik
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sanjid Shahriar
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Erin R Doherty
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yixuan Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Tania To
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Adama M Sesay
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Girija Goyal
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Donald E Ingber
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, 02134, USA.
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3
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Madej E, Lisek A, Brożyna AA, Cierniak A, Wronski N, Deptula M, Wardowska A, Wolnicka-Glubisz A. The involvement of RIPK4 in TNF-α-stimulated IL-6 and IL-8 production by melanoma cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:209. [PMID: 38656555 PMCID: PMC11043103 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK4) has an oncogenic function in melanoma, regulates NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, and is sensitive to the BRAF inhibitors: vemurafenib and dabrafenib which lead to its decreased level. As its role in melanoma remains not fully understood, we examined the effects of its downregulation on the transcriptomic profile of melanoma. METHODS Applying RNA-seq, we revealed global alterations in the transcriptome of WM266.4 cells with RIPK4 silencing. Functional partners of RIPK4 were evaluated using STRING and GeneMANIA databases. Cells with transient knockdown (via siRNA) and stable knockout (via CRISPR/Cas9) of RIPK4 were stimulated with TNF-α. The expression levels of selected proteins were assessed using Western blot, ELISA, and qPCR. RESULTS Global analysis of gene expression changes indicates a complex role for RIPK4 in regulating adhesion, migration, proliferation, and inflammatory processes in melanoma cells. Our study highlights potential functional partners of RIPK4 such as BIRC3, TNF-α receptors, and MAP2K6. Data from RIPK4 knockout cells suggest a putative role for RIPK4 in modulating TNF-α-induced production of IL-8 and IL-6 through two distinct signaling pathways-BIRC3/NF-κB and p38/MAPK. Furthermore, increased serum TNF-α levels and the correlation of RIPK4 with NF-κB were revealed in melanoma patients. CONCLUSION These data reveal a complex role for RIPK4 in regulating the immune signaling network in melanoma cells and suggest that this kinase may represent an alternative target for melanoma-targeted adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Madej
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Lisek
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna A Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Insitute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska1, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Cierniak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Norbert Wronski
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Milena Deptula
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Wardowska
- Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wolnicka-Glubisz
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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4
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Flores E, Dutta S, Bosserman R, van Hoof A, Krachler AM. Colonization of larval zebrafish ( Danio rerio) with adherent-invasive Escherichia coli prevents recovery of the intestinal mucosa from drug-induced enterocolitis. mSphere 2023; 8:e0051223. [PMID: 37971273 PMCID: PMC10732064 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00512-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although inflammatory bowel diseases are on the rise, what factors influence IBD risk and severity, and the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully understood. Although host genetics, microbiome, and environmental factors have all been shown to correlate with the development of IBD, cause and effect are difficult to disentangle in this context. For example, AIEC is a known pathobiont found in IBD patients, but it remains unclear if gut inflammation during IBD facilitates colonization with AIEC, or if AIEC colonization makes the host more susceptible to pro-inflammatory stimuli. It is critical to understand the mechanisms that contribute to AIEC infections in a susceptible host in order to develop successful therapeutics. Here, we show that the larval zebrafish model recapitulates key features of AIEC infections in other animal models and can be utilized to address these gaps in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Flores
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Soumita Dutta
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel Bosserman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ambro van Hoof
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Krachler
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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5
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Perik-Zavodskaia O, Alrhmoun S, Perik-Zavodskii R, Zhukova J, Lopatnikova J, Volynets M, Alshevskaya A, Sennikov S. Knockouts of TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B Genes in K562 Cell Line Lead to Diverse Long-Lasting Responses to TNF-α. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17169. [PMID: 38138998 PMCID: PMC10742831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This research delves into the intricate landscape of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling, a multi-functional cytokine known for its diverse cellular effects. Specifically, we investigate the roles of two TNF receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, in mediating TNF-α-induced transcriptional responses. Using human K562 cell lines with TNFR1 and TNFR2 knockouts, we explore changes in gene expression patterns following TNF-α stimulation. Our findings reveal distinct transcriptional profiles in TNFR1 and TNFR2 knockout cells, shedding light on the unique contributions of these receptors to TNF-α signaling. Notably, several key pathways associated with inflammation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation exhibit altered regulation in the absence of TNFR1 or TNFR2. This study provides valuable insights into the intricate mechanisms governing TNF-α signaling and its diverse cellular effects, with potential implications for targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Perik-Zavodskaia
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia (S.A.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Saleh Alrhmoun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia (S.A.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (M.V.)
- Laboratory of Immune Engineering, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman Perik-Zavodskii
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia (S.A.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (M.V.)
- Laboratory of Immune Engineering, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julia Zhukova
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia (S.A.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (M.V.)
- Laboratory of Immune Engineering, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julia Lopatnikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia (S.A.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (M.V.)
- Laboratory of Immune Engineering, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Volynets
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia (S.A.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Alina Alshevskaya
- Laboratory of Immune Engineering, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Sennikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia (S.A.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (M.V.)
- Laboratory of Immune Engineering, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
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6
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Kouthouridis S, Sotra A, Khan Z, Alvarado J, Raha S, Zhang B. Modeling the Progression of Placental Transport from Early- to Late-Stage Pregnancy by Tuning Trophoblast Differentiation and Vascularization. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301428. [PMID: 37830445 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The early-stage placental barrier is characterized by a lack of fetal circulation and by a thick trophoblastic barrier, whereas the later-stage placenta consists of vascularized chorionic villi encased in a thin, differentiated trophoblast layer, ideal for nutrient transport. In this work, predictive models of early- and late-stage placental transport are created using blastocyst-derived placental stem cells (PSCs) by modulating PSC differentiation and model vascularization. PSC differentiation results in a thinner, fused trophoblast layer, as well as an increase in human chorionic gonadotropin secretion, barrier permeability, and secretion of certain inflammatory cytokines, which are consistent with in vivo findings. Further, gene expression confirms this shift toward a differentiated trophoblast subtype. Vascularization results in a molecule type- and size-dependent change in dextran and insulin permeability. These results demonstrate that trophoblast differentiation and vascularization have critical effects on placental barrier permeability and that this model can be used as a predictive measure to assess fetal toxicity of xenobiotic substances at different stages of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Kouthouridis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Alexander Sotra
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Zaim Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Justin Alvarado
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Pediatrics and the Graduate Programme in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Boyang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
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7
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Fernandes R, Costa C, Fernandes R, Barros AN. Inflammation in Prostate Cancer: Exploring the Promising Role of Phenolic Compounds as an Innovative Therapeutic Approach. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3140. [PMID: 38137361 PMCID: PMC10740737 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a significant global health concern, being a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Furthermore, profound understanding of the disease is needed. Prostate inflammation caused by external or genetic factors is a central player in prostate carcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying inflammation-driven PCa remain poorly understood. This review dissects the diagnosis methods for PCa and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease, clarifying the dynamic interplay between inflammation and leukocytes in promoting tumour development and spread. It provides updates on recent advances in elucidating and treating prostate carcinogenesis, and opens new insights for the use of bioactive compounds in PCa. Polyphenols, with their noteworthy antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, along with their synergistic potential when combined with conventional treatments, offer promising prospects for innovative therapeutic strategies. Evidence from the use of polyphenols and polyphenol-based nanoparticles in PCa revealed their positive effects in controlling tumour growth, proliferation, and metastasis. By consolidating the diverse features of PCa research, this review aims to contribute to increased understanding of the disease and stimulate further research into the role of polyphenols and polyphenol-based nanoparticles in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernandes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Cátia Costa
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- FP-I3ID, Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento, FP-BHS, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal;
- CECLIN, Centro de Estudos Clínicos, Hospital Fernando Pessoa, 4420-096 Gondomar, Portugal
- I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Novo Barros
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
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8
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Chong ZX, Yong CY, Ong AHK, Yeap SK, Ho WY. Deciphering the roles of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in regulating carcinogenesis. Toxicology 2023; 495:153596. [PMID: 37480978 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent receptor that belongs to the superfamily of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors. The activation of the canonical AHR signaling pathway is known to induce the expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes, facilitating the detoxification metabolism in the human body. Additionally, AHR could interact with various signaling pathways such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), nuclear factor ekappa B (NF-κβ), estrogen receptor (ER), and androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathways. Over the past 30 years, several studies have reported that various chemical, physical, or biological agents, such as tobacco, hydrocarbon compounds, industrial and agricultural chemical wastes, drugs, UV, viruses, and other toxins, could affect AHR expression or activity, promoting cancer development. Thus, it is valuable to overview how these factors regulate AHR-mediated carcinogenesis. Current findings have reported that many compounds could act as AHR ligands to drive the expressions of AHR-target genes, such as CYP1A1, CYP1B1, MMPs, and AXL, and other targets that exert a pro-proliferation or anti-apoptotic effect, like XIAP. Furthermore, some other physical and chemical agents, such as UV and 3-methylcholanthrene, could promote AHR signaling activities, increasing the signaling activities of a few oncogenic pathways, such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathways. Understanding how various factors regulate AHR-mediated carcinogenesis processes helps clinicians and scientists plan personalized therapeutic strategies to improve anti-cancer treatment efficacy. As many studies that have reported the roles of AHR in regulating carcinogenesis are preclinical or observational clinical studies that did not explore the detailed mechanisms of how different chemical, physical, or biological agents promote AHR-mediated carcinogenesis processes, future studies should focus on conducting large-scale and functional studies to unravel the underlying mechanism of how AHR interacts with different factors in regulating carcinogenesis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xiong Chong
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chean Yeah Yong
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alan Han Kiat Ong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
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9
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Ortega MA, Gómez-Lahoz AM, Sánchez-Trujillo L, Fraile-Martinez O, García-Montero C, Guijarro LG, Bravo C, De Leon-Luis JA, Saz JV, Bujan J, García-Honduvilla N, Monserrat J, Alvarez-Mon M. Chronic Venous Disease during Pregnancy Causes a Systematic Increase in Maternal and Fetal Proinflammatory Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168976. [PMID: 36012236 PMCID: PMC9409364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a common vascular disorder characterized by increased venous hypertension and insufficient venous return from the lower limbs. Pregnancy is a high-risk situation for developing CVD. Approximately a third of the women will develop this condition during pregnancy, and similarly to arterial hypertensive disorders, previous evidence has described a plethora of alterations in placental structure and function in women with pregnancy-induced CVD. It is widely known that arterial-induced placenta dysfunction is accompanied by an important immune system alteration along with increased inflammatory markers, which may provide detrimental consequences for the women and their offspring. However, to our knowledge, there are still no data collected regarding cytokine profiling in women with pregnancy-induced CVD. Thus, the aim of the present work was to examine cytokine signatures in the serum of pregnant women (PW) with CVD and their newborns (NB). This study was conducted through a multiplex technique in 62 PW with pregnancy-induced CVD in comparison to 52 PW without CVD (HC) as well as their NB. Our results show significant alterations in a broad spectrum of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-13, IL-2, IL-7, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, IL-21, IL-23, GM-CSF, chemokines (fractalkine), MIP-3α, and MIP-1β). Overall, we demonstrate that pregnancy-induced CVD is associated with a proinflammatory environment, therefore highlighting the potentially alarming consequences of this condition for maternal and fetal wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana M. Gómez-Lahoz
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Sánchez-Trujillo
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Service of Pediatric, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Networking Research Center on for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD)), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Coral Bravo
- Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A. De Leon-Luis
- Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose V. Saz
- Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Bujan
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, CIBEREHD, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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10
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Vaccination with Mycoplasma pneumoniae membrane lipoproteins induces IL-17A driven neutrophilia that mediates Vaccine-Enhanced Disease. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:86. [PMID: 35906257 PMCID: PMC9336141 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00513-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipoproteins are an often-underappreciated class of microbe-associated molecular patterns with potent immunomodulatory activity. We previously reported that vaccination of BALB/c mice with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) lipid-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) resulted in lipoprotein-dependent vaccine enhanced disease after challenge with virulent Mp, though the immune responses underpinning this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Herein, we report that lipoprotein-induced VED in a mouse model is associated with elevated inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and KC in lung lavage fluid and with suppurative pneumonia marked by exuberant neutrophilia in the pulmonary parenchyma. Whole-lung-digest flow cytometry and RNAScope analysis identified multiple cellular sources for IL-17A, and the numbers of IL-17A producing cells were increased in LAMPs-vaccinated/Mp-challenged animals compared to controls. Specific IL-17A or neutrophil depletion reduced disease severity in our VED model—indicating that Mp lipoproteins induce VED in an IL-17A-dependent manner and through exuberant neutrophil recruitment. IL-17A neutralization reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and KC, indicating that IL-17A preceded other inflammatory cytokines. Surprisingly, we found that IL-17A neutralization impaired bacterial clearance, while neutrophil depletion improved it—indicating that, while IL-17A appears to confer both maladaptive and protective responses, neutrophils play an entirely maladaptive role in VED. Given that lipoproteins are found in virtually all bacteria, the potential for lipoprotein-mediated maladaptive inflammatory responses should be taken into consideration when developing vaccines against bacterial pathogens.
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11
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Busch M, Ramachandran H, Wahle T, Rossi A, Schins RPF. Investigating the Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway in Acute Intestinal Inflammation: Use of THP-1 Knockout Cell Lines in an Advanced Triple Culture Model. Front Immunol 2022; 13:898039. [PMID: 35911682 PMCID: PMC9326178 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.898039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in intestinal homeostasis as well as inflammation. However, in vivo studies investigating the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) report contrasting results, leaving it unclear if the NLRP3 inflammasome augments or attenuates intestinal inflammation. To investigate the role of the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway in a model of acute intestinal inflammation, we modified a previously established in vitro triple culture model of the healthy and inflamed intestine (Caco-2/HT29-MTX-E12/THP-1). Using THP-1 knockout cell lines, we analyzed how the NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream enzyme caspase-1 (CASP1) affect inflammatory parameters including barrier integrity and cytotoxicity, as well as gene expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mucus. Furthermore, we investigated differences in inflammation-mediated cytotoxicity towards enterocyte-like (Caco-2) or goblet-like (HT29-MTX-E12) epithelial cells. As a complementary approach, inflammation-related cytotoxicity and gene expression of cytokines was analyzed in intestinal tissue explants from wildtype (WT) and Nlrp3-/- mice. Induction of intestinal inflammation impaired the barrier, caused cytotoxicity, and altered gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mucins in vitro, while the knockout of NLRP3 and CASP1 in THP 1 cells led to attenuation of these inflammatory parameters. The knockout of CASP1 tended to show a slightly stronger attenuating effect compared to the NLRP3 knockout model. We also found that the inflammation-mediated death of goblet-like cells is NLRP3/caspase-1 dependent. Furthermore, inflammation-related cytotoxicity and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines was present in ileal tissue explants from WT, but not Nlrp3-/- mice. The here presented observations indicate a pro-inflammatory and adverse role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages during acute intestinal inflammation.
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12
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Sagaram M, Parthasarathy R, Condon SL, Closson CF, Kong M, Schwandt ML, Jophlin LL, Feng W, Barve AJ, Vatsalya V. Theragnostic Efficacy of K18 Response in Alcohol Use Disorder with Clinically Significant Fibrosis Using Gut-Liver Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5852. [PMID: 35628661 PMCID: PMC9143806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Fibrosis in early-stage alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is commonly under-diagnosed in routine clinical practice. This study characterized the liver-injury and cell death response in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients with ALD who also exhibited fibrosis and assessed the efficacy of standard of care (SOC) treatment in the improvement in liver injury. (2) Methods: Forty-eight heavy-drinking AUD patients aged 21−65 yrs. without clinical manifestations of liver injury were grouped by Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, as negative (Gr.1 < 1.45, n = 21) or positive (Gr.2 ≥ 1.45, n = 27). Patients received 2-weeks (2 w) inpatient SOC. Data on demographics, drinking patterns, liver-injury, immune markers, and liver cell death (K18s) markers were analyzed at baseline (BL) and after 2 w SOC. (3) Results: Lifetime drinking (LTDH, yrs.) and acute heavy drinking (Heavy Drinking Days Past 90 Days [HDD90]) markers were significantly higher in Gr.2 vs. Gr.1. BL ALT, AST, AST:ALT and K18M65 were considerably higher in Gr.2. Dysregulated gut dysfunction and elevated immune activity were evident in Gr.2 characterized by TNF-α, IL-8 and LPS levels. After SOC, Gr.2 showed improvement in AST, ALT, AST/ALT ratio; and in the K18M65, K18M30 and K18M65/M30 ratio vs. Gr.1. The true positivity of BL IL-8 response to predict the improvement in K18M65 to normal levels among Gr.2 patients against those who did not have improvement after 2 w SOC was very high (AUROC = 0.830, p = 0.042). (4) Conclusions: Gut dysfunction, elevated cytokine response and necrotic liver cell death were elevated in AUD patients with early-stage ALD. K18 showed promise as a predictive theragnostic factor to differentiate among the AUD patients with early-stage ALD and baseline fibrosis who had improvement in liver injury against those who did not, by the levels of baseline IL-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa Sagaram
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Ranganathan Parthasarathy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.P.); (S.L.C.); (C.F.C.); (L.L.J.); (W.F.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Sally L. Condon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.P.); (S.L.C.); (C.F.C.); (L.L.J.); (W.F.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Charles F. Closson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.P.); (S.L.C.); (C.F.C.); (L.L.J.); (W.F.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Maiying Kong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Melanie L. Schwandt
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Loretta L. Jophlin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.P.); (S.L.C.); (C.F.C.); (L.L.J.); (W.F.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Wenke Feng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.P.); (S.L.C.); (C.F.C.); (L.L.J.); (W.F.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Ashutosh J. Barve
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.P.); (S.L.C.); (C.F.C.); (L.L.J.); (W.F.); (A.J.B.)
- Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
| | - Vatsalya Vatsalya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.P.); (S.L.C.); (C.F.C.); (L.L.J.); (W.F.); (A.J.B.)
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
- Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
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13
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Talaei K, Garan SA, Quintela BDM, Olufsen MS, Cho J, Jahansooz JR, Bhullar PK, Suen EK, Piszker WJ, Martins NRB, Moreira de Paula MA, Dos Santos RW, Lobosco M. A Mathematical Model of the Dynamics of Cytokine Expression and Human Immune Cell Activation in Response to the Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:711153. [PMID: 34869049 PMCID: PMC8633844 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.711153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based mathematical models have previously been developed to simulate the immune system in response to pathogens. Mathematical modeling papers which study the human immune response to pathogens have predicted concentrations of a variety of cells, including activated and resting macrophages, plasma cells, and antibodies. This study aims to create a comprehensive mathematical model that can predict cytokine levels in response to a gram-positive bacterium, S. aureus by coupling previous models. To accomplish this, the cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 8 (IL-8), and Interleukin 10 (IL-10) are included to quantify the relationship between cytokine release from macrophages and the concentration of the pathogen, S. aureus, ex vivo. Partial differential equations (PDEs) are used to model cellular response and ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are used to model cytokine response, and interactions between both components produce a more robust and more complete systems-level understanding of immune activation. In the coupled cellular and cytokine model outlined in this paper, a low concentration of S. aureus is used to stimulate the measured cellular response and cytokine expression. Results show that our cellular activation and cytokine expression model characterizing septic conditions can predict ex vivo mechanisms in response to gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Our simulations provide new insights into how the human immune system responds to infections from different pathogens. Novel applications of these insights help in the development of more powerful tools and protocols in infection biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kian Talaei
- Center for Research and Education in Aging, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Steven A Garan
- Center for Research and Education in Aging, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | | | - Mette S Olufsen
- Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Joshua Cho
- Center for Research and Education in Aging, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States.,College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Julia R Jahansooz
- Center for Research and Education in Aging, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Puneet K Bhullar
- Center for Research and Education in Aging, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Elliott K Suen
- Center for Research and Education in Aging, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Walter J Piszker
- Center for Research and Education in Aging, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.,College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Nuno R B Martins
- Center for Research and Education in Aging, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Marcelo Lobosco
- Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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14
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Lian S, Li S, Zhu J, Xia Y, Do Jung Y. Nicotine stimulates IL-8 expression via ROS/NF-κB and ROS/MAPK/AP-1 axis in human gastric cancer cells. Toxicology 2021; 466:153062. [PMID: 34890707 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine, a major alkaloid found in tobacco, is a significant risk factor for gastric cancer. IL-8, a pleiotropic cytokine, plays a vital role in cancer cell metastasis. The role of nicotine in IL-8 expression and the underlying mechanism is currently unknown. Here, we examined the effects of nicotine on IL-8 expression and explored the potential mechanisms in gastric cancer cells. We found that nicotine increases IL-8 expression. Specific inhibitor and mutagenesis studies showed that ROS and MAPK (Erk1/2, p38) were involved in this process. Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis studies indicate the involvement of transcription factor NF-κB and AP-1. ROS and ROS/MAPK (Erk1/2, p38) functioned as the upstream signaling molecules in the activation of NF-κB and AP-1, respectively. AGS gastric cancer cells pretreated with nicotine stimulate angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment, partially abrogated by silencing IL-8 in AGS cells. In this study, we found that nicotine induces IL-8 expression via ROS/NF-κB and ROS/MAPK (Erk1/2, p38)/AP-1 axis in gastric cancer cells, thus stimulating endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shinan Li
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China.
| | - Young Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Saleri R, Borghetti P, Ravanetti F, Andrani M, Cavalli V, De Angelis E, Ferrari L, Martelli P. A Co-Culture Model of IPEC-J2 and Swine PBMC to Study the Responsiveness of Intestinal Epithelial Cells: The Regulatory Effect of Arginine Deprivation. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092756. [PMID: 34573721 PMCID: PMC8465608 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The interest in amino acids comes from their involvement in research on alternative strategies for the utilization of antibiotics on farms. Among several substances used to replace antibiotics, there is arginine, an essential amino acid in newborns and piglets. This amino acid has a protective role in intestinal immune cells and improves intestinal immunity. The purpose of this research was to define a co-culture model, in which intestinal epithelial cells can communicate with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to deepen the effects of arginine deprivation on intestinal epithelial cells over time. The main finding was that the lack of arginine highly impacts on intestinal and immune cells by way of immuno-regulation mediated by the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The use of this experimental model could allow us to investigate the impact of and interactions between specific nutrients and the complex intestinal environment and, in addition, to assess feed additives to improve health and animal production. Abstract Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid, supplementation with which induces a reduction of intestinal damage and an improvement of intestinal immunity in weaned piglets, but the mechanism is not yet entirely clear. The aim of this study was to characterise a co-culture model by measuring changes in gene expression over time (24 and 48 h) in intestinal IPEC-J2 cells in the presence of immune cells activated with phytohemagglutinin and, consequently, to assess the effectiveness of arginine deprivation or supplementation in modulating the expression of certain cytokines related to the regulation of intestinal cells’ function. The main results show the crucial role of arginine in the viability/proliferation of intestinal cells evaluated by an MTT assay, and in the positive regulation of the expression of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-β) cytokines. This experimental model could be important for analysing and clarifying the role of nutritional conditions in intestinal immune cells’ functionality and reactivity in pigs as well as the mechanisms of the intestinal defence system. Among the potential applications of our in vitro model of interaction between IEC and the immune system there is the possibility of studying the effect of feed additives to improve animal health and production.
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16
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Tamara A, Coulson DJ, Latief JS, Bakhashab S, Weaver JU. Upregulated anti-angiogenic miR-424-5p in type 1 diabetes (model of subclinical cardiovascular disease) correlates with endothelial progenitor cells, CXCR1/2 and other parameters of vascular health. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:249. [PMID: 33985567 PMCID: PMC8120744 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In spite of clinical progress, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the predominant cause of mortality worldwide. Overexpression studies in animals have proven miR-424-5p to have anti-angiogenic properties. As type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) without CVD displays endothelial dysfunction and reduced circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs), it offers a model of subclinical CVD. Therefore, we explored miR-424-5p, cytokines and vascular health in T1DM. Methods Twenty-nine well-controlled T1DM patients with no CVD and 20-matched controls were studied. Cytokines IL8, TNF-α, IL7, VEGF-C, cEPCs/CD45dimCD34+CD133+ cells and ex-vivo proangiogenic cells (PACs)/fibronectin adhesion assay (FAA) were measured. MiR-424-5p in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) along with mRNAs in PBMC was evaluated. Results We found an elevation of IL7 (p = 0.008), IL8 (p = 0.003), TNF-α (p = 0.041), VEGF-C (p = 0.013), upregulation of mRNA CXCR1 (p = 0.009), CXCR2 (p < 0.001) and reduction of cEPCs (p < 0.001), PACs (p < 0.001) and FAA (p = 0.017) in T1DM. MiR-424-5p was upregulated in T1DM in PBMC (p < 0.001). MiR-424-5p was negatively correlated with cEPCs (p = 0.006), PACs (p = 0.005) and FAA (p < 0.001) and positively with HbA1c (p < 0.001), IL7 (p = 0.008), IL8 (p = 0.017), VEGF-C (p = 0.007), CXCR1 (p = 0.02) and CXCR2 (p = 0.001). ROC curve analyses showed (1) miR-424-5p to be a biomarker for T1DM (p < 0.001) and (2) significant upregulation of miR-424-5p, defining subclinical CVD, occurred at HbA1c of 46.5 mmol/mol (p = 0.002). Conclusion We validated animal research on anti-angiogenic properties of miR-424-5p in T1DM. MiR-424-5p may be a biomarker for onset of subclinical CVD at HbA1c of 46.5 mmol/mol (pre-diabetes). Thus, miR-424-5p has potential use for CVD monitoring whilst anti-miR-424-5p-based therapies may be used to reduce CVD morbidity/mortality in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Tamara
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - David J Coulson
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jevi Septyani Latief
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Sherin Bakhashab
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 80218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jolanta U Weaver
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK. .,Department of Diabetes, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE9 6SH, UK. .,Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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17
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Rajaratinam H, Rasudin NS, Al Astani TAD, Mokhtar NF, Yahya MM, Wan Zain WZ, Asma-Abdullah N, Mohd Fuad WE. Breast cancer therapy affects the expression of antineonatal Nav1.5 antibodies in the serum of patients with breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:108. [PMID: 33376541 PMCID: PMC7751336 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal Nav1.5 (nNav1.5) is the alternative splice variant of Nav1.5 and it has been widely associated with the progression of breast cancer. The immunological context of nNav1.5 with respect to breast cancer metastases remains unexplored. The presence of antibodies against nNav1.5 may highlight the immunogenicity of nNav1.5. Hence, the aim of the present study was to detect the presence of antineonatal Nav1.5 antibodies (antinNav1.5-Ab) in the serum of patients with breast cancer and to elucidate the effects of breast cancer therapy on its expression. A total of 32 healthy female volunteers and 64 patients with breast cancer were randomly recruited into the present study as the control and breast cancer group, respectively. Patients with breast cancer were divided equally based on their pre- and ongoing-treatment status. Serum samples were tested with in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antinNav1.5-Ab, CD25 (T regulatory cell marker) using an ELISA kit and Luminex assay to detect the expression of metastasis-associated cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-8, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) The mean difference in the expression of antinNav1.5-Ab among the three groups (control, pretreatment and ongoing-treatment) was significant (P=0.0005) and the pretreatment breast cancer group exhibited the highest expression. The concentration of CD25 was highest in the pretreatment breast cancer group compared with the control and ongoing-treatment groups. There was a significant positive correlation between antinNav1.5-Ab and IL-6 in the pretreatment group (r=0.7260; P=0.0210) and a significant negative correlation between antinNav1.5-Ab and VEGF in the ongoing-treatment group (r=-0.842; P-value=0.0040). The high expression of antinNav1.5-Ab in the pretreatment group was in accordance with the uninterrupted presence of metastasis and highlighted the immunogenicity of nNav1.5 whereas the low expression of antinNav1.5-Ab in the ongoing-treatment group reflected the efficacy of breast cancer therapy in eliminating metastases. The augmented manifestation of T regulatory cells in the pretreatment group highlighted the functional role of nNav1.5 in promoting metastasis. The parallel expression of antinNav1.5-Ab with the imbalanced expression of cytokines promoting metastasis (IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α) and cytokines that prevent metastasis (IL-10) indicated the role of nNav1.5 in breast cancer growth. The expression of antinNav1.5-Ab in accordance to the metastatic microenvironment indicates the immunogenicity of the protein and highlights the influence of breast cancer therapy on its expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harishini Rajaratinam
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Nur Syahmina Rasudin
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Tengku Ahmad Damitri Al Astani
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
- Breast Cancer Awareness and Research (BestARi) Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Noor Fatmawati Mokhtar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Maya Mazuwin Yahya
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zainira Wan Zain
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Asma-Abdullah
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Wan Ezumi Mohd Fuad
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
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18
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Smith DJ, Ellis PR, Turner AM. Exacerbations of Lung Disease in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES (MIAMI, FLA.) 2021; 8:162-176. [PMID: 33238089 PMCID: PMC8047608 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.2020.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is an important risk factor for development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients with AATD classically develop a different pattern of lung disease from those with usual COPD, decline faster and exhibit a range of differences in pathogenesis, all of which may be relevant to phenotype and/or impact of exacerbations. There are a number of definitions of exacerbation, with the main features being worsening of symptoms over at least 2 days, which may be associated with a change in treatment. In this article we review the literature surrounding exacerbations in AATD, focusing, in particular, on ways in which they may differ from such events in usual COPD, and the potential impact on clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Smith
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R. Ellis
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alice M. Turner
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- University Hospitals Birmingham, United Kingdom
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19
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Fischer L, Lucendo-Villarin B, Hay DC, O’Farrelly C. Human PSC-Derived Hepatocytes Express Low Levels of Viral Pathogen Recognition Receptors, but Are Capable of Mounting an Effective Innate Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113831. [PMID: 32481600 PMCID: PMC7312201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes are key players in the innate immune response to liver pathogens but are challenging to study because of inaccessibility and a short half-life. Recent advances in in vitro differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) facilitated studies of hepatocyte-pathogen interactions. Here, we aimed to define the anti-viral innate immune potential of human HLCs with a focus on toll-like receptor (TLR)-expression and the presence of a metabolic switch. We analysed cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor (PRR)- and endosomal TLR-expression and activity and adaptation of HLCs to an inflammatory environment. We found that transcript levels of retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I), melanoma differentiation antigen 5 (MDA5), and TLR3 became downregulated during differentiation, indicating the acquisition of a more tolerogenic phenotype, as expected in healthy hepatocytes. HLCs responded to activation of RIG-I by producing interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes. Despite low-level expression of TLR3, receptor expression was upregulated in an inflammatory environment. TLR3 signalling induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines at the gene level, indicating that several PRRs need to interact for successful innate immune activation. The inflammatory responsiveness of HLCs was accompanied by the downregulation of cytochrome P450 3A and 1A2 activity and decreased serum protein production, showing that the metabolic switch seen in primary hepatocytes during anti-viral responses is also present in HLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Fischer
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | | | - David C. Hay
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK;
- Correspondence: (D.C.H.); (C.O.)
| | - Cliona O’Farrelly
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;
- School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Correspondence: (D.C.H.); (C.O.)
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20
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Thiel G, Ulrich M, Mukaida N, Rössler OG. Regulation of stimulus-induced interleukin-8 gene transcription in human adrenocortical carcinoma cells – Role of AP-1 and NF-κB. Cytokine 2020; 126:154862. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Zinicola M, Batista CP, Bringhenti L, Meira EBS, Lima FS, McDonough SP, Bicalho RC. Effects of recombinant bovine interleukin-8 (rbIL-8) treatment on health, metabolism, and lactation performance in Holstein cattle IV: Insulin resistance, dry matter intake, and blood parameters. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:10340-10359. [PMID: 31495618 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We have shown in 2 independent studies that cows who received recombinant bovine interleukin-8 (rbIL-8) administered intrauterinely shortly after parturition have a significant and long-lasting increase in milk yield. In the present study, we hypothesized that the increased milk production associated with rbIL-8 treatment is a consequence of increased postpartum dry matter intake (DMI) and orchestrated homeorhetic changes that prioritize milk production. Cows were enrolled into 1 of 3 treatment groups: those assigned to the control group (CTR; n = 70) received an intrauterine (IU) administration of 500 mL of Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) solution and 1 mL of DPBS solution intravenously (IV; jugular vein), those assigned to the rbIL-8 IV group (rbIL8-IV, n = 70) received an IV injection of 167 μg of rbIL-8 and 500 mL of DPBS solution IU, and cows assigned to the rbIL-8 IU group (rbIL8-IU, n = 70) received an IU administration with 1,195 μg of rbIL-8 diluted in 499.5 mL of DPBS solution and 1 mL of DPBS solution IV. Animals were housed in a tiestall from calving to 30 d in milk (DIM) to measure DMI. Blood samples were collected daily from calving to 7 DIM and weekly until 28 DIM. Insulin resistance was evaluated using an intravenous glucose tolerance test and intravenous insulin challenge test (IVICT) in a subgroup of cows (n = 20/treatment) at 10 and 11 DIM, respectively. Additionally, liver biopsy samples were taken at 14 DIM from the same subgroup of cows to measure triglyceride levels and cell proliferation and apoptosis. Cows treated with rbIL8-IU produced more milk (CTR = 36.9 ± 1.5; rbIL8-IU = 38.5 ± 1.5; rbIL8-IV = 36.6 ± 1.5 kg/d), energy-corrected milk (CTR = 42.9 ± 0.9; rbIL8-IU = 46.1 ± 0.8; rbIL8-IV = 43.7 ± 0.9 kg/d), and fat-corrected milk (CTR = 44.3 ± 0.9; rbIL8-IU = 47.8 ± 0.9; rbIL8-IV = 45.2 ± 0.9 kg/d) yields when compared with CTR cows, and no differences were observed between rbIL8-IV and CTR cows. The administration of rbIL8-IU significantly increased DMI compared with CTR (CTR = 18.8 ± 0.3; rbIL8-IU = 19.9 ± 0.3; rbIL8-IV = 19.3 ± 0.3 kg/d). Recombinant bIL-8 treatment did not affect glucose, insulin, or fatty acids (i.e., IVICT only) concentrations or their area under the curve in response to an intravenous glucose tolerance test and IVICT when compared with CTR. Moreover, rbIL-8 treatment administered IU or IV increased liver triglyceride levels. Additionally, cows treated with rbIL8-IU tended to have lower odds of developing hyperketonemia (odds ratio = 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.19 to 1.10), lower odds of clinical ketosis and displaced abomasum combined (odds ratio = 0.17, 95% confidence interval: 0.03 to 0.89), and lower odds of diseases combined (odds ratio = 0.43, 95% confidence interval: 0.21 to 0.86) when compared with CTR. We conclude that the administration of rbIL8-IU increases DMI, milk production, fat-corrected milk, and energy-corrected milk while improving overall health during the postpartum period. This study supports the use of rbIL-8 administered IU shortly after calving to improve health and production responses in lactating cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zinicola
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - C P Batista
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - L Bringhenti
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - E B S Meira
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - F S Lima
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 61802
| | - S P McDonough
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - R C Bicalho
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401.
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22
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Zinicola M, Bicalho MLS, Santin T, Marques EC, Bisinotto RS, Bicalho RC. Effects of recombinant bovine interleukin-8 (rbIL-8) treatment on health, metabolism, and lactation performance in Holstein cattle II: Postpartum uterine health, ketosis, and milk production. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:10316-10328. [PMID: 31495609 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of recombinant bovine interleukin-8 (rbIL-8) on uterine health and milk production, 2 separate studies were conducted. For study 1, postpartum Holstein cows (n = 213) were randomly allocated into 1 of 3 intrauterine treatment groups: control (CTR, 250 mL of saline solution), low dose (L-IL8, 11.25 µg of rbIL-8 diluted in 250 mL of saline solution), and high dose (H-IL8, 1,125 µg of rbIL-8 diluted in 250 mL of saline solution). Intrauterine delivery of treatments was performed within 12 h of parturition. Cows were evaluated for retained fetal membranes, puerperal metritis, and clinical endometritis. Blood samples were collected immediately before treatment and 1, 2, and 3 d in milk for assessment of IL-8, haptoglobin, fatty acids, and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. Treatment with rbIL-8 reduced the incidence of puerperal metritis in multiparous cows (CTR = 34.3, L-IL8 = 8.11, and H-IL8 = 6.35%). Both the L-IL8 and H-IL8 groups produced significantly more milk, fat-corrected milk, and energy-corrected milk yields when compared with placebo-treated controls. A second study was performed to confirm the effect of rbIL-8 on milk production. In study 2, 164 primiparous cows were randomly allocated into 1 of 4 treatment groups: control (CTR, 250 mL of saline solution), low dose (L-IL8, 0.14 µg of rbIL-8), medium dose (M-IL8, 14 µg of rbIL-8), and high dose (H-IL8, 1,400 µg of rbIL-8). Treatments were prepared and administered as described for study 1. Cows in the L-IL8, M-IL8, and H-IL8 groups produced significantly more milk, fat-corrected milk, and energy-corrected milk yields when compared with control cows. In conclusion, treatment with rbIL-8 decreased the incidence of puerperal metritis in multiparous cows. The administration of rbIL-8 was repeatedly associated with a dramatic and long-lasting improvement of lactation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zinicola
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - M L S Bicalho
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - T Santin
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - E C Marques
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - R S Bisinotto
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401
| | - R C Bicalho
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401.
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23
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Pinçon A, De Montgolfier O, Akkoyunlu N, Daneault C, Pouliot P, Villeneuve L, Lesage F, Levy BI, Thorin-Trescases N, Thorin É, Ruiz M. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, and the Underlying Altered Fatty Acid Metabolism, Reveals Brain Hypoperfusion and Contributes to the Cognitive Decline in APP/PS1 Mice. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9050104. [PMID: 31130652 PMCID: PMC6572466 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9050104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the leading cause of chronic liver disease, is associated with cognitive decline in middle-aged adults, but the mechanisms underlying this association are not clear. We hypothesized that NAFLD would unveil the appearance of brain hypoperfusion in association with altered plasma and brain lipid metabolism. To test our hypothesis, amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice were fed a standard diet or a high-fat, cholesterol and cholate diet, inducing NAFLD without obesity and hyperglycemia. The diet-induced NAFLD disturbed monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid (MUFAs, PUFAs) metabolism in the plasma, liver, and brain, and particularly reduced n-3 PUFAs levels. These alterations in lipid homeostasis were associated in the brain with an increased expression of Tnfα, Cox2, p21, and Nox2, reminiscent of brain inflammation, senescence, and oxidative stress. In addition, compared to wild-type (WT) mice, while brain perfusion was similar in APP/PS1 mice fed with a chow diet, NAFLD in APP/PS1 mice reveals cerebral hypoperfusion and furthered cognitive decline. NAFLD reduced plasma β40- and β42-amyloid levels and altered hepatic but not brain expression of genes involved in β-amyloid peptide production and clearance. Altogether, our results suggest that in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease (AD) diet-induced NAFLD contributes to the development and progression of brain abnormalities through unbalanced brain MUFAs and PUFAs metabolism and cerebral hypoperfusion, irrespective of brain amyloid pathology that may ultimately contribute to the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Pinçon
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Olivia De Montgolfier
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Nilay Akkoyunlu
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Caroline Daneault
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Philippe Pouliot
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Louis Villeneuve
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Frédéric Lesage
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Bernard I Levy
- Institut des Vaisseaux et du Sang, Hôpital Lariboisière, 75010 Paris, France.
| | | | - Éric Thorin
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Matthieu Ruiz
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
- Department of Medecine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
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24
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Scheurer MJJ, Brands RC, El-Mesery M, Hartmann S, Müller-Richter UDA, Kübler AC, Seher A. The Selection of NFκB Inhibitors to Block Inflammation and Induce Sensitisation to FasL-Induced Apoptosis in HNSCC Cell Lines Is Critical for Their Use as a Prospective Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061306. [PMID: 30875877 PMCID: PMC6471923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a central aspect of tumour biology and can contribute significantly to both the origination and progression of tumours. The NFκB pathway is one of the most important signal transduction pathways in inflammation and is, therefore, an excellent target for cancer therapy. In this work, we examined the influence of four NFκB inhibitors—Cortisol, MLN4924, QNZ and TPCA1—on proliferation, inflammation and sensitisation to apoptosis mediated by the death ligand FasL in the HNSCC cell lines PCI1, PCI9, PCI13, PCI52 and SCC25 and in the human dermal keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. We found that the selection of the inhibitor is critical to ensure that cells do not respond by inducing counteracting activities in the context of cancer therapy, e.g., the extreme IL-8 induction mediated by MLN4924 or FasL resistance mediated by Cortisol. However, TPCA1 was qualified by this in vitro study as an excellent therapeutic mediator in HNSCC by four positive qualities: (1) proliferation was inhibited at low μM-range concentrations; (2) TNFα-induced IL-8 secretion was blocked; (3) HNSCC cells were sensitized to TNFα-induced cell death; and (4) FasL-mediated apoptosis was not disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Camillus Brands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Mohamed El-Mesery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura E-35516, Egypt.
| | - Stefan Hartmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | | | - Alexander Christian Kübler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Axel Seher
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
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25
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Governa P, Marchi M, Cocetta V, De Leo B, Saunders PTK, Catanzaro D, Miraldi E, Montopoli M, Biagi M. Effects of Boswellia Serrata Roxb. and Curcuma longa L. in an In Vitro Intestinal Inflammation Model Using Immune Cells and Caco-2. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11040126. [PMID: 30463367 PMCID: PMC6316569 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases, which consist of chronic inflammatory conditions of the colon and the small intestine, are considered a global disease of our modern society. Recently, the interest toward the use of herbal therapies for the management of inflammatory bowel diseases has increased because of their effectiveness and favourable safety profile, compared to conventional drugs. Boswellia serrata Roxb. and Curcuma longa L. are amongst the most promising herbal drugs, however, their clinical use in inflammatory bowel diseases is limited and little is known on their mechanism of action. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of two phytochemically characterized extracts of B. serrata and C. longa in an in vitro model of intestinal inflammation. Their impact on cytokine release and reactive oxygen species production, as well as the maintenance of the intestinal barrier function and on intestinal mucosa immune cells infiltration, has been evaluated. The extracts showed a good protective effect on the intestinal epithelium at 1 µg/mL, with TEER values increasing by approximately 1.5 fold, compared to LPS-stimulated cells. C. longa showed an anti-inflammatory mechanism of action, reducing IL-8, TNF-α and IL-6 production by approximately 30%, 25% and 40%, respectively, compared to the inflammatory stimuli. B. serrata action was linked to its antioxidant effect, with ROS production being reduced by 25%, compared to H2O2-stimulated Caco-2 cells. C. longa and B. serrata resulted to be promising agents for the management of inflammatory bowel diseases by modulating in vitro parameters which have been identified in the clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Governa
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hearth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy.
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy⁻Department of Excellence 2018⁻2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Maddalena Marchi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hearth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Veronica Cocetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo Egidio Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Bianca De Leo
- MRC Centres for Inflammation Research and Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Philippa T K Saunders
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Daniela Catanzaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo Egidio Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Miraldi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hearth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo Egidio Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padua, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padua, Italy.
| | - Marco Biagi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hearth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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26
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Thiel G, Ulrich M, Mukaida N, Rössler OG. Resveratrol stimulation induces interleukin-8 gene transcription via NF-κB. Pharmacol Res 2018; 134:238-245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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27
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Mogulevtseva JA, Mezentsev AV, Bruskin SA. Impact of Metalloproteinase 1 Deficiency Induced by Specific Small Hairpin RNA on the Physiological Effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418080094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Liau LL, Makpol S, Azurah AGN, Chua KH. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote recovery of injured HepG2 cell line and show sign of early hepatogenic differentiation. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:1221-1233. [PMID: 29549558 PMCID: PMC6081923 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, orthotopic liver transplantation is the gold standard therapy for liver failure. However, it is limited by the insufficient organ donor and risk of immune rejection. Stem cell therapy is a promising alternative treatment for liver failure. One of the most ideal sources of stem cells for regenerative medicine is adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). In this study, primary ADSCs seeded on cell culture insert were indirectly co-cultured with injured HepG2 to elucidate the role of ADSCs in promoting the recovery of injured HepG2 in non-contact manner. HepG2 recovery was determined by the surface area covered by cells and growth factor concentration was measured to identify the factors involved in regeneration. Besides, HepG2 were collected for q-PCR analysis of injury, hepatocyte functional and regenerative markers expression. For the ADSCs, expression of hepatogenic differentiation genes was analyzed. Results showed that non-contact co-culture with ADSCs helped the recovery of injured HepG2. ELISA quantification revealed that ADSCs secreted higher amount of HGF and VEGF to help the recovery of injured HepG2. Furthermore, HepG2 co-cultured with ADSCs expressed significantly lower injury markers as well as significantly higher regenerative and functional markers compared to the control HepG2. ADSCs co-cultured with injured HepG2 expressed significantly higher hepatic related genes compared to the control ADSCs. In conclusion, ADSCs promote recovery of injured HepG2 via secretion of HGF and VEGF. In addition, co-cultured ADSCs showed early sign of hepatogenic differentiation in response to the factors released or secreted by the injured HepG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ling Liau
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Ghani Nur Azurah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien Hui Chua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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29
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Mitsides N, Cornelis T, Broers NJH, Diederen NMP, Brenchley P, Heitink-Ter Braak N, van der Sande FM, Schalkwijk CG, Kooman JP, Mitra S. Inflammatory and Angiogenic Factors Linked to Longitudinal Microvascular Changes in Hemodialysis Patients Irrespective of Treatment Dose Intensity. Kidney Blood Press Res 2017; 42:905-918. [PMID: 29145197 DOI: 10.1159/000485048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a major contributor to the poor outcomes observed in hemodialysis. We investigated the relationship between hemodialysis intensity and vascular parameters in high-dose (HDHD; >12hrs/week) and Conventional (CHD; ≤12hrs/week) hemodialysis intensity over a 6-month period. METHODS We present the 6-month longitudinal analysis of a 2-year multicenter study investigating the effects of HDHD on cardiovascular parameters. We used pulse wave velocity, 24hr ambulatory blood pressure and sublingual dark field capillaroscopy measurements to assess macro- and microcirculation on 6-monthly basis. Pro-inflammatory and endothelial biomarkers were also measured at 6-monthly intervals. RESULTS 47 participants (21 HDHD, 26 CHD) were studied. CHD were older (63.5±14.2 vs 53.7±12.6 yr; p=0.018), with shorter dialysis vintage (median 23 vs 61 months; p=0.001). There was considerable variability in the degree and direction of change of circulatory measurements over a 6-month period. Hemodialysis intensity (hrs/week) did not correlate to these changes, when adjusted for age, dialysis vintage and comorbidity. Higher levels of Interleukin (IL)-8 measured at baseline independently predicted an increase in the Perfused Boundary Region (5-25μm) of the endothelial glycocalyx (p=0.010) whilst higher levels of soluble Flt-1 had a significant inverse effect (p=0.002) in an adjusted linear model. CONCLUSION Hemodialysis intensity did not predict changes in either macro- or microvascular parameters. Inflammation mediated through the IL-8 pathway predicted microvascular injury while Flt-1, a potential marker of angiogenesis and endothelial repair, might have a significant protective role. Further understanding of these pathways will be necessary to improve dialysis outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicos Mitsides
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Nephrology Department, Central Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,NIHR Devices for Dignity Healthcare Technology Co-operative, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Natascha J H Broers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nanada M P Diederen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Brenchley
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Nephrology Department, Central Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Heitink-Ter Braak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen-Geleen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank M van der Sande
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen P Kooman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandip Mitra
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Nephrology Department, Central Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,NIHR Devices for Dignity Healthcare Technology Co-operative, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Du LY, Darroch H, Keerthisinghe P, Ashimbayeva E, Astin JW, Crosier KE, Crosier PS, Warman G, Cheeseman J, Hall CJ. The innate immune cell response to bacterial infection in larval zebrafish is light-regulated. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12657. [PMID: 28978916 PMCID: PMC5627239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12842-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock, which evolved to help organisms harmonize physiological responses to external conditions (such as the light/dark cycle, LD), is emerging as an important regulator of the immune response to infection. Gaining a complete understanding of how the circadian clock influences the immune cell response requires animal models that permit direct observation of these processes within an intact host. Here, we investigated the use of larval zebrafish, a powerful live imaging system, as a new model to study the impact of a fundamental zeitgeber, light, on the innate immune cell response to infection. Larvae infected during the light phase of the LD cycle and in constant light condition (LL) demonstrated enhanced survival and bacterial clearance when compared with larvae infected during the dark phase of the LD cycle and in constant dark condition (DD). This increased survival was associated with elevated expression of the zebrafish orthologues of the mammalian pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, Tumour necrosis factor-α, Interleukin-8 and Interferon-γ, and increased neutrophil and macrophage recruitment. This study demonstrates for the first time that the larval zebrafish innate immune response to infection is enhanced during light exposure, suggesting that, similar to mammalian systems, the larval zebrafish response to infection is light-regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Y Du
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hannah Darroch
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pramuk Keerthisinghe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Elina Ashimbayeva
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan W Astin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kathryn E Crosier
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philip S Crosier
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Guy Warman
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James Cheeseman
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christopher J Hall
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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31
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ALIKHANI M, GHALAIANI P, ASKARIYAN E, KHUNSARAKI ZA, TAVANGAR A, NADERI A. Association between the clinical severity of oral lichen planus and anti-TPO level in thyroid patients. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e10. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Khan MA, Srivastava SK, Bhardwaj A, Singh S, Arora S, Zubair H, Carter JE, Singh AP. Gemcitabine triggers angiogenesis-promoting molecular signals in pancreatic cancer cells: Therapeutic implications. Oncotarget 2016; 6:39140-50. [PMID: 25970774 PMCID: PMC4770762 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by poor tumor-vasculature and extensive desmoplasia that together contribute to poor response to chemotherapy. It was recently shown that targeting of TME to inhibit desmoplasiatic reaction in a preclinical model resulted in increased microvessel-density and intratumoral drug concentration, leading to improved therapeutic response. This approach; however, failed to generate a favorable response in clinical trial. In that regard, we have previously demonstrated a role of gemcitabine-induced CXCR4 signaling as a counter-defense mechanism, which also promoted invasiveness of pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. Here, we investigated the effect of gemcitabine on endothelial cell phenotype. Gemcitabine-treatment of human-umbilical-vein-endothelial-cells (HUVECs) did not promote the growth of HUVECs; however, it was induced when treated with conditioned media from gemcitabine-treated (Gem-CM) PC cells due to increased cell-cycle progression and apoptotic-resistance. Moreover, treatment of HUVECs with Gem-CM resulted in capillary-like structure (CLS) formation and promoted their ability to migrate and invade through extracellular-matrix. Gemcitabine-treatment of PC cells induced expression of various growth factors/cytokines, including IL-8, which exhibited greatest upregulation. Further, IL-8 depletion in Gem-CM diminished its potency to promote angiogenic phenotypes. Together, these findings suggest an indirect effect of gemcitabine on angiogenesis, which, in light of our previous observations, may hold important clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aslam Khan
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Sanjeev K Srivastava
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Arun Bhardwaj
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Sumit Arora
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Haseeb Zubair
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - James E Carter
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Ajay P Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
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Sosa RA, Zarrinpar A, Rossetti M, Lassman CR, Naini BV, Datta N, Rao P, Harre N, Zheng Y, Spreafico R, Hoffmann A, Busuttil RW, Gjertson DW, Zhai Y, Kupiec-Weglinski JW, Reed EF. Early cytokine signatures of ischemia/reperfusion injury in human orthotopic liver transplantation. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e89679. [PMID: 27942590 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.89679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) is the primary therapy for end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure. However, ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) can severely compromise allograft survival. To understand the evolution of immune responses underlying OLT-IRI, we evaluated longitudinal cytokine expression profiles from adult OLT recipients before transplant through 1 month after transplant. METHODS. We measured the expression of 38 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in preoperative and postoperative recipient circulating systemic blood (before transplant and 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after transplant) and intraoperative portal blood (before and after reperfusion) of 53 OLT patients and analyzed this expression in relation to biopsy-proven IRI (n = 26 IRI+; 27 IRI-), clinical liver function tests early (days 1-7) after transplant, and expression of genes encoding cytokine receptors in biopsies of donor allograft taken before and after reperfusion. RESULTS. Bilirubin and arginine transaminase levels early after transplant correlated with IRI. Fourteen cytokines were significantly increased in the systemic and/or portal blood of IRI+ recipients that shifted from innate to adaptive-immune responses over time. Additionally, expression of cognate receptors for 10 of these cytokines was detected in donor organ biopsies by RNAseq. CONCLUSION. These results provide a mechanistic roadmap of the early immunological events both before and after IRI and suggest several candidates for patient stratification, monitoring, and treatment. FUNDING. Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award T32CA009120, Keck Foundation award 986722, and a Quantitative & Computational Biosciences Collaboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ping Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | | | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Roberto Spreafico
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and.,Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, UCLA, California, USA
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and.,Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, UCLA, California, USA
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Pathak S, Stern C, Vambutas A. N-Acetylcysteine attenuates tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in autoimmune inner ear disease patients. Immunol Res 2016; 63:236-45. [PMID: 26392121 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-015-8696-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) is a poorly understood disease marked by bilateral, rapidly progressive hearing loss triggered by unknown stimuli, which is corticosteroid responsive in 60 % of patients. Although the mechanism of the disease is not precisely understood, a complex interaction of cytokines is believed to contribute toward the inflammatory disease process and hearing loss. Previously, we showed the role of TNF-α in steroid-sensitive and IL-1β in steroid-resistant immune-mediated hearing loss. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), a broad spectrum antioxidant, has been effective in other autoimmune disorders. Other studies have shown NAC to have a protective adjunct role in human idiopathic sudden hearing loss, where the addition of NAC resulted in better hearing recovery than with steroids alone, although the mechanism of this protection was not elucidated. In the present study, we observed PBMCs from AIED patients exhibited higher baseline TNF-α and MPO levels compared with normal healthy controls. NAC effectively abrogates LPS-mediated TNF-α release from PBMC of both AIED patients and controls. We demonstrated that in AIED patients, the TNF-α downstream signaling pathway appears aberrantly regulated, influencing both MPO and IL-8 expression. Given that NAC effectively abrogated LPS-mediated TNF-α release and exerted minimal effects on the downstream targets of this pathway, we feel NAC may be a rational adjunct therapy for this enigmatic disease, worthy of clinical exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shresh Pathak
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Corey Stern
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Andrea Vambutas
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- The Apelian Cochlear Implant Center, Department of Otolaryngology, North Shore-LIJ Health System, New Hyde Park, NY, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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35
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Mathuram TL, Ravikumar V, Reece LM, Karthik S, Sasikumar CS, Cherian KM. Tideglusib induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma IMR32 cells, provoking sub-G0/G1 accumulation and ROS generation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 46:194-205. [PMID: 27490211 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common tumor amongst children amounting to nearly 15% of cancer deaths. This cancer is peculiar in its characteristics, exhibiting differentiation, maturation and metastatic transformation leading to poor prognosis and low survival rates among children. Chemotherapy, though toxic to normal cells, has shown to improve the survival of the patient with emphasis given more towards targeting angiogenesis. Recently, Tideglusib was designed as an 'Orphan Drug' to target the neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease and gained significant momentum in its function during clinical trials. Duffy et al. recently reported a reduction in cell viability of human IMR32 neuroblastoma cells when treated with Tideglusib at varying concentrations. We investigated the effects of Tideglusib, at various concentrations, compared to Lithium chloride at various concentrations, on IMR32 cells. Lithium, a known GSK-3 inhibitor, was used as a standard to compare the efficiency of Tideglusib in a dose-dependent manner. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. The stages of apoptosis were evaluated by AO/EB staining and nuclear damage was determined by Hoechst 33258 staining. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were assessed by DCFDA dye and Rhodamine-123 dye, respectively. Tideglusib reported a significant dose-dependent increase in pro-apoptotic proteins (PARP, Caspase-9, Caspase-7, Caspase-3) and tumor-related genes (FasL, TNF-α, Cox-2, IL-8, Caspase-3). Anti-GSK3 β, pGSK3 β, Bcl-2, Akt-1, p-Akt1 protein levels were observed with cells exposed to Tideglusib and Lithium chloride. No significant dose-dependent changes were observed for the mRNA expression of collagenase MMP-2, the tumor suppressor p53, or the cell cycle protein p21. Our study also reports Tideglusib reducing colony formation and increasing the level of sub-G0/G1 population in IMR32 cells. Our investigations report the significance of Tideglusib as a promising apoptotic inducer in human neuroblastoma IMR32 cells. Our study also reports that LiCl reduced cell viability in IMR32 cells inducing apoptosis mediated by ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Lemuel Mathuram
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biochemistry, Frontier Mediville (A Unit of Frontier Lifeline and Dr. K. M. Cherian Heart Foundation), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 601201, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vilwanathan Ravikumar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lisa M Reece
- Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Research, Evaluation and Training on Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Selvaraju Karthik
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Changam Sheela Sasikumar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biochemistry, Frontier Mediville (A Unit of Frontier Lifeline and Dr. K. M. Cherian Heart Foundation), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 601201, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Meili N, Christen V, Fent K. Nodularin induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and leads to induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 300:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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37
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Carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 ameliorates IL-1β-induced IL-8 in human gastric cancer cells. Toxicology 2016; 361-362:24-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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38
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Kim Y, Koh JH, Ahn YJ, Oh S, Kim SH. The Synergic Anti-inflammatory Impact of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. and Lactobacillus brevis KY21 on Intestinal Epithelial Cells in a DSS-induced Colitis Model. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2015; 35:604-10. [PMID: 26761887 PMCID: PMC4670888 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2015.35.5.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the synergic anti-inflammatory activity of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (GS) extract and Lactobacillus brevis KY21 both in vitro and in vivo. Western blot analysis and immunostaining showed that AKT phosphorylation that increased by the exposure of LPS were significantly decreased by the presence of either GS extract or L. brevis KY21. In addition, p65 intracellular transport was critically inhibited by GS extract and L. brevis KY21. We further studied these effects using an in vivo dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model. Body weight, food intake, and clinical scores were dramatically decreased after treatment with DSS, whereas these effects were palliated by the addition of GS extract and L. brevis KY21. Importantly, transcription of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and the spleen were increased by DSS treatment, whereas they were inhibited by the presence of GS extract and L. brevis KY21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghoon Kim
- BK21 Plus Graduate Program, Department of Animal Science and Institute Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Koh
- Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Young Jun Ahn
- Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sejong Oh
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Sea Hun Kim
- Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Menon S, Alexander K, Timms P, Allan JA, Huston WM. CXCL10, CXCL11, HLA-A and IL-1β are induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from women with Chlamydia trachomatis related infertility. Pathog Dis 2015; 74:ftv099. [PMID: 26512034 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis infections can result in the development of serious sequelae such as pelvic inflammatory disease and tubal infertility. In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from women who were undergoing or had recently undergone IVF treatment were cultured ex vivo with C. trachomatis to identify the immune responses associated with women who had serological evidence of a history of Chlamydia infection. Cytokines secreted into the supernatant from the cultures were measured using ELISA, and the level of IL-1β was found to be significantly higher in Chlamydia positive women than Chlamydia negative women. qRT-PCR analysis of the expression of 88 immune-related genes showed trends towards an upregulation of CXCL10, CXCL11 and HLA-A in Chlamydia positive women compared with Chlamydia negative women. These findings support that some women launch a more marked proinflammatory response upon infection with C. trachomatis and this may be associated with why C. trachomatis induces infertility in some infected women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Menon
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Kimberly Alexander
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Peter Timms
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - John A Allan
- Wesley and St Andrews Research Institute, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, QLD 4066, Australia UC Health Clinical School, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, QLD 4066, Australia
| | - Wilhelmina M Huston
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia Wesley and St Andrews Research Institute, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, QLD 4066, Australia
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40
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Thair SA, Topchiy E, Boyd JH, Cirstea M, Wang C, Nakada TA, Fjell CD, Wurfel M, Russell JA, Walley KR. TNFAIP2 Inhibits Early TNFα-Induced NF-x03BA;B Signaling and Decreases Survival in Septic Shock Patients. J Innate Immun 2015; 8:57-66. [PMID: 26347487 DOI: 10.1159/000437330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During septic shock, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is an early response gene and induces a plethora of genes and signaling pathways. To identify robust signals in genes reliably upregulated by TNFα, we first measured microarray gene expression in vitro and searched methodologically comparable, publicly available data sets to identify concordant signals. Using tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes common to all data sets, we identified a genetic variant of the TNFAIP2 gene, rs8126, associated with decreased 28-day survival and increased organ dysfunction in an adult cohort in the Vasopressin and Septic Shock Trial. Similar to this cohort, we found that an association with rs8126 and increased organ dysfunction is replicated in a second cohort of septic shock patients in the St. Paul's Hospital Intensive Care Unit. We found that TNFAIP2 inhibits NF-x03BA;B activity, impacting the downstream cytokine interleukin (IL)-8. The minor G allele of TNFAIP2 rs8126 resulted in greater TNFAIP2 expression, decreased IL-8 production and was associated with decreased survival in patients experiencing septic shock. These data suggest that TNFAIP2 is a novel inhibitor of NF-x03BA;B that acts as an autoinhibitor of the TNFα response during septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone A Thair
- Department of Emergency and Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif., USA
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41
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Guan Y, Yao H, Wang J, Sun K, Cao L, Wang Y. NF-κB-DICER-miRs Axis Regulates TNF-α Expression in Responses to Endotoxin Stress. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:1257-68. [PMID: 26435691 PMCID: PMC4582149 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Unbalanced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production is associated with pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases. However, the molecular pathways maintaining TNF-α homeostasis remain elusive. Here, we report that NF-κB/p65-DICER-miRs axis negatively regulates TNF-α production. We demonstrated that NF-κB bound to DICER promoter and transcriptionally regulated DICER expression. In addition, the NF-κB/DICER signaling suppresses TNF-α expression by generating mature forms of miR-125b and miR-130a which negatively regulate TNF-α mRNA. Furthermore, we showed that the hepatocyte-specific depletion of Dicer in mice resulted in TNF-α overproduction and sensitized the mice to endotoxin, which could be corrected by administration of miR-125b mimics. These data suggest that NF-κB/p65-DICER-miRs axis involved in maintaining of TNF-α homeostasis, and injection of miR-125b as a potential therapeutic method for septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guan
- 1. Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Hailan Yao
- 2. Laboratory of Neural Signal Transduction, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- 2. Laboratory of Neural Signal Transduction, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Kailai Sun
- 3. Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Liu Cao
- 1. Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yizheng Wang
- 2. Laboratory of Neural Signal Transduction, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Rationale and Means to Target Pro-Inflammatory Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) Signaling in Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2013; 6:929-59. [PMID: 24276377 PMCID: PMC3817732 DOI: 10.3390/ph6080929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that chronic inflammation underpins the development of a number of human cancers, with pro-inflammatory signaling within the tumor microenvironment contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. CXCL8 is an ELR+ pro-inflammatory CXC-chemokine which mediates its effects via signaling through two G protein-coupled receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2. Elevated CXCL8-CXCR1/2 signaling within the tumor microenvironment of numerous cancers is known to enhance tumor progression via activation of signaling pathways promoting proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, invasion and cell survival. This review provides an overview of established roles of CXCL8-CXCR1/2 signaling in cancer and subsequently, discusses the possible strategies of targeting CXCL8-CXCR1/2 signaling in cancer, covering indirect strategies (e.g., anti-inflammatories, NFκB inhibitors) and direct CXCL8 or CXCR1/2 inhibition (e.g., neutralizing antibodies, small molecule receptor antagonists, pepducin inhibitors and siRNA strategies). Reports of pre-clinical cancer studies and clinical trials using CXCL8-CXCR1/2-targeting strategies for the treatment of inflammatory diseases will be discussed. The future translational opportunities for use of such agents in oncology will be discussed, with emphasis on exploitation in stratified populations.
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Marques PE, Amaral SS, Pires DA, Nogueira LL, Soriani FM, Lima BHF, Lopes GAO, Russo RC, Avila TV, Melgaço JG, Oliveira AG, Pinto MA, Lima CX, De Paula AM, Cara DC, Leite MF, Teixeira MM, Menezes GB. Chemokines and mitochondrial products activate neutrophils to amplify organ injury during mouse acute liver failure. Hepatology 2012; 56:1971-82. [PMID: 22532075 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Acetaminophen (APAP) is a safe analgesic and antipyretic drug. However, APAP overdose leads to massive hepatocyte death. Cell death during APAP toxicity occurs by oncotic necrosis, in which the release of intracellular contents can elicit a reactive inflammatory response. We have previously demonstrated that an intravascular gradient of chemokines and mitochondria-derived formyl peptides collaborate to guide neutrophils to sites of liver necrosis by CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) and formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), respectively. Here, we investigated the role of CXCR2 chemokines and mitochondrial products during APAP-induced liver injury and in liver neutrophil influx and hepatotoxicity. During APAP overdose, neutrophils accumulated into the liver, and blockage of neutrophil infiltration by anti-granulocyte receptor 1 depletion or combined CXCR2-FPR1 antagonism significantly prevented hepatotoxicity. In agreement with our in vivo data, isolated human neutrophils were cytotoxic to HepG2 cells when cocultured, and the mechanism of neutrophil killing was dependent on direct contact with HepG2 cells and the CXCR2-FPR1-signaling pathway. Also, in mice and humans, serum levels of both mitochondrial DNA (mitDNA) and CXCR2 chemokines were higher during acute liver injury, suggesting that necrosis products may reach remote organs through the circulation, leading to a systemic inflammatory response. Accordingly, APAP-treated mice exhibited marked systemic inflammation and lung injury, which was prevented by CXCR2-FPR1 blockage and Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) absence (TLR9(-/-) mice). CONCLUSION Chemokines and mitochondrial products (e.g., formyl peptides and mitDNA) collaborate in neutrophil-mediated injury and systemic inflammation during acute liver failure. Hepatocyte death is amplified by liver neutrophil infiltration, and the release of necrotic products into the circulation may trigger a systemic inflammatory response and remote lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro E Marques
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Gomez D, Burn JL, Graham A, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Prasad KR. Ischaemic Preconditioning and Intermittent Clamping Does not Influence Mediators of Liver Regeneration in a Human Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Model of Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury. Gastroenterology Res 2012; 5:85-96. [PMID: 27785187 PMCID: PMC5051121 DOI: 10.4021/gr449w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of surgical technique on liver regeneration following surgery remains inconclusive. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) and intermittent clamping (IC) on mediators of regeneration produced by human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), using an in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation model to mimic ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). METHODS Following extraction from samples obtained from liver resection (n = 5), confluent culture flasks of SECs were subjected to IRI (1 hour hypoxia + 1 hour reoxygenation), IPC prior to IRI (10 minutes hypoxia + 10 minutes reoxygenation + 1 hour hypoxia + 1 hour reoxygenation), IC (15 minutes hypoxia + 5 minutes reoxygenation x 3 + 1 hour reoxygenation) and compared to controls. The production of various mediators was determined over 48 hours. RESULTS Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were produced by SECs. Both IPC and IC did not significantly influence the profile of IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF and HGF by SECs compared to IRI over the study period. CONCLUSION IPC and IC did not influence the production of pro-regenerative mediators in a SECs model of IRI. The role of surgical technique on liver regeneration remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanwant Gomez
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Transplantation, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - J Lance Burn
- Section of Oncology, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Ann Graham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | | | - K Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Transplantation, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Regulation of signal transduction and role of platelets in liver regeneration. Int J Hepatol 2012; 2012:542479. [PMID: 22811921 PMCID: PMC3395153 DOI: 10.1155/2012/542479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all organs, the liver has a unique regeneration capability after sustaining injury or the loss of tissue that occurs mainly due to mitosis in the hepatocytes that are quiescent under normal conditions. Liver regeneration is induced through a cascade of various cytokines and growth factors, such as, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, hepatocyte growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor, which activate nuclear factor κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase signaling pathways. We previously reported that platelets can play important roles in liver regeneration through a direct effect on hepatocytes and collaborative effects with the nonparenchymal cells of the liver, including Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, which participate in liver regeneration through the production of various growth factors and cytokines. In this paper, the roles of platelets and nonparenchymal cells in liver regeneration, including the associated cytokines, growth factors, and signaling pathways, are described.
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The p110α and p110β isoforms of class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase are involved in toll-like receptor 5 signaling in epithelial cells. Mediators Inflamm 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20953381 PMCID: PMC2952946 DOI: 10.1155/2010/652098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial flagellin triggers inflammation in mammalian cells via Toll-like receptor (TLR) 5. Release of the chemokine IL-8 in response to flagellin involves NF-κB, p38 MAP kinase, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). However, PI3K has been reported to be either pro- or anti-inflammatory in different model systems. We hypothesized that this could be due to different activities of the p110α and β isoforms of PI3K. RESULTS PI3K and Akt were rapidly activated in Caco-2 colon carcinoma cells by flagellin. Using a plasmid-based shRNA delivery system and novel p110 isoform-specific inhibitors, we found that flagellin-induced IL-8 production was dependent on both p110α and p110β. However in the mouse, inhibition of p110β but not p110α reduced the increase of serum IL-6 levels induced by intraperitoneal injection of flagellin. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that the p110α and β isoforms of class IA PI3K are both required for the proinflammatory response to flagellin.
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Abstract
Although considered safe at therapeutic doses, at higher doses, acetaminophen produces a centrilobular hepatic necrosis that can be fatal. Acetaminophen poisoning accounts for approximately one-half of all cases of acute liver failure in the United States and Great Britain today. The mechanism occurs by a complex sequence of events. These events include: (1) CYP metabolism to a reactive metabolite which depletes glutathione and covalently binds to proteins; (2) loss of glutathione with an increased formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in hepatocytes undergoing necrotic changes; (3) increased oxidative stress, associated with alterations in calcium homeostasis and initiation of signal transduction responses, causing mitochondrial permeability transition; (4) mitochondrial permeability transition occurring with additional oxidative stress, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and loss of the ability of the mitochondria to synthesize ATP; and (5) loss of ATP which leads to necrosis. Associated with these essential events there appear to be a number of inflammatory mediators such as certain cytokines and chemokines that can modify the toxicity. Some have been shown to alter oxidative stress, but the relationship of these modulators to other critical mechanistic events has not been well delineated. In addition, existing data support the involvement of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in the initiation of regenerative processes leading to the reestablishment of hepatic structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A Hinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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Inhibition of immune-mediated concanavalin a-induced liver damage by free-radical scavengers. Dig Dis Sci 2010; 55:268-75. [PMID: 19241163 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-009-0732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aims of the present study were to elucidate whether oxidative stress has a role in Con A-induced hepatitis and to examine if antioxidants may protect against liver damage in this model. METHODS Hepatitis was induced in Balb/c mice by administration of Con A (18 mg/kg) to the tail vein. Liver enzymes and histology were determined 24 h after Con A injection. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were assayed 2 h after Con A injection. Hepatic malondialdehyde levels were measured at 1, 3, 8, 12, 18, and 24 h after Con A injection in order to examine the timing of free-radicals formation. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappabeta) activation was determined by electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) 1 and 2 h after Con A injection. In separate experiments, mice were pretreated with either dimethylsulfoxide or dimethylthiourea before Con A inoculation. The antioxidant and NF-kappabeta inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) was used as positive control. RESULTS Hepatic malondialdehyde levels increased 12, 18, and 24 h after Con A inoculation but not earlier. Serum levels of liver enzymes and TNFalpha, hepatic malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyls and the histologic necroinflammatory score were significantly reduced in the antioxidants-treated mice, while IL-10 levels were increased. Dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylthiourea, and PDTC inhibited oxidative stress, but only PDTC inhibited Con A-induced NF-kappaB activation. CONCLUSIONS Reactive oxygen species play a role in immune-mediated Con A-induced hepatitis probably secondary to immune-mediated liver damage. Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by antioxidants prevents hepatitis independently of NF-kappaB inhibition and may be a new therapeutic target in this experimental model.
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Wanninger J, Neumeier M, Weigert J, Bauer S, Weiss TS, Schäffler A, Krempl C, Bleyl C, Aslanidis C, Schölmerich J, Buechler C. Adiponectin-stimulated CXCL8 release in primary human hepatocytes is regulated by ERK1/ERK2, p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB, and STAT3 signaling pathways. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2009; 297:G611-8. [PMID: 19608729 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.90644.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin is believed to exert hepatoprotective effects and induces CXCL8, a chemokine that functions as a survival factor, in vascular cells. In the current study, it is demonstrated that adiponectin also induces CXCL8 expression in primary human hepatocytes but not in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Knock down of the adiponectin receptor (AdipoR) 1 or AdipoR2 by small-interfering RNA indicates that AdipoR1 is involved in adiponectin-stimulated CXCL8 release. Adiponectin activates nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB in primary hepatocytes and pharmacological inhibition of NF-kappaB, the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/ERK2 reduces adiponectin-mediated CXCL8 secretion. Furthermore, adiponectin also activates STAT3 involved in interleukin (IL)-6 and leptin-mediated CXCL8 induction in primary hepatocytes. Inhibition of JAK2 by AG-490 does not abolish adiponectin-stimulated CXCL8, indicating that this kinase is not involved. Pretreatment of primary cells with "STAT3 Inhibitor VI," however, elevates hepatocytic CXCL8 secretion, demonstrating that STAT3 is a negative regulator of CXCL8 in these cells. In accordance with this assumption, IL-6, a well-characterized activator of STAT3, reduces hepatocytic CXCL8. Therefore, adiponectin-stimulated induction of CXCL8 seems to be tightly controlled in primary human hepatocytes, whereas neither NF-kappaB, STAT3, nor CXCL8 are influenced in hepatocytic cell lines. CXCL8 is a survival factor, and its upregulation by adiponectin may contribute to the hepatoprotective effects of this adipokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Wanninger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Li F, Xie P, Fan Y, Zhang H, Zheng L, Gu D, Patterson C, Li H. C terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein promotes smooth muscle cell proliferation and survival through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of FoxO1. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:20090-8. [PMID: 19483080 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.017046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead transcription factors (FoxOs) play a pivotal role in controlling cellular proliferation and survival. The cellular level of these factors is tightly regulated through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and ubiquitin-mediated degradation. However, the ubiquitin ligases responsible for the degradation of FoxO1 and the relevance of this regulation to smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and survival have not been fully identified. Here we showed that overexpression of C terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) promoted ubiquitination and degradation of FoxO1 in SMCs in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Both the U-box (containing ubiquitin ligase activity) and the charged (essential for FoxO1 binding) domains within CHIP were required for CHIP-mediated FoxO1 down-regulation. Moreover, interaction and ubiquitination of FoxO1 by CHIP depended on phosphorylation of FoxO1 at Ser-256. Furthermore, overexpression of CHIP repressed FoxO1-mediated transactivation and its proapoptotic function following tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment. In contrast, knockdown of CHIP by small interfering RNA enhanced FoxO1-mediated transactivation and its effect on SMC proliferation and survival. Taken together, our data indicate that CHIP is a negative regulator of FoxO1 activity through ubiquitin-mediated degradation, and inhibition of CHIP may serve as a potential therapeutic target for reducing proliferative arterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
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