1
|
Nehar-Belaid D, Sokolowski M, Ravichandran S, Banchereau J, Chaussabel D, Ucar D. Baseline immune states (BIS) associated with vaccine responsiveness and factors that shape the BIS. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101842. [PMID: 37717525 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are among the greatest inventions in medicine, leading to the elimination or control of numerous diseases, including smallpox, polio, measles, rubella, and, most recently, COVID-19. Yet, the effectiveness of vaccines varies among individuals. In fact, while some recipients mount a robust response to vaccination that protects them from the disease, others fail to respond. Multiple clinical and epidemiological factors contribute to this heterogeneity in responsiveness. Systems immunology studies fueled by advances in single-cell biology have been instrumental in uncovering pre-vaccination immune cell types and genomic features (i.e., the baseline immune state, BIS) that have been associated with vaccine responsiveness. Here, we review clinical factors that shape the BIS, and the characteristics of the BIS associated with responsiveness to frequently studied vaccines (i.e., influenza, COVID-19, bacterial pneumonia, malaria). Finally, we discuss potential strategies to enhance vaccine responsiveness in high-risk groups, focusing specifically on older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Sokolowski
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | | | | | - Damien Chaussabel
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Duygu Ucar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vanderven HA, Wentworth DN, Han WM, Peck H, Barr IG, Davey RT, Beigel JH, Dwyer DE, Jain MK, Angus B, Brandt CT, Mykietiuk A, Law MG, Neaton JD, Kent SJ. Understanding the treatment benefit of hyperimmune anti-influenza intravenous immunoglobulin (Flu-IVIG) for severe human influenza. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167464. [PMID: 37289541 PMCID: PMC10443807 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDAntibody-based therapies for respiratory viruses are of increasing importance. The INSIGHT 006 trial administered anti-influenza hyperimmune intravenous immunoglobulin (Flu-IVIG) to patients hospitalized with influenza. Flu-IVIG treatment improved outcomes in patients with influenza B but showed no benefit for influenza A.METHODSTo probe potential mechanisms of Flu-IVIG utility, sera collected from patients hospitalized with influenza A or B viruses (IAV or IBV) were analyzed for antibody isotype/subclass and Fcγ receptor (FcγR) binding by ELISA, bead-based multiplex, and NK cell activation assays.RESULTSInfluenza-specific FcγR-binding antibodies were elevated in Flu-IVIG-infused IBV- and IAV-infected patients. In IBV-infected participants (n = 62), increased IgG3 and FcγR binding were associated with more favorable outcomes. Flu-IVIG therapy also improved the odds of a more favorable outcome in patients with low levels of anti-IBV Fc-functional antibody. Higher FcγR-binding antibody was associated with less favorable outcomes in IAV-infected patients (n = 50), and Flu-IVIG worsened the odds of a favorable outcome in participants with low levels of anti-IAV Fc-functional antibody.CONCLUSIONThese detailed serological analyses provide insights into antibody features and mechanisms required for a successful humoral response against influenza, suggesting that IBV-specific, but not IAV-specific, antibodies with Fc-mediated functions may assist in improving influenza outcome. This work will inform development of improved influenza immunotherapies.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT02287467.FUNDINGFunding for this research was provided by subcontract 13XS134 under Leidos Biomedical Research Prime Contract HHSN261200800001E and HHSN261201500003I, NCI/NIAID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A. Vanderven
- Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, and
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deborah N. Wentworth
- Divison of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Win Min Han
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Heidi Peck
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian G. Barr
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard T. Davey
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John H. Beigel
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dominic E. Dwyer
- New South Wales Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
| | | | - Brian Angus
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian T. Brandt
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Matthew G. Law
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James D. Neaton
- Divison of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang W, Rowntree LC, Muttucumaru R, Damelang T, Aban M, Hurt AC, Auladell M, Esterbauer R, Wines B, Hogarth M, Turner SJ, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ, Patil S, Avery S, Morrissey O, Chung AW, Koutsakos M, Nguyen THO, Cheng AC, Kotsimbos TC, Kedzierska K. Robust immunity to influenza vaccination in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients following reconstitution of humoral and adaptive immunity. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1456. [PMID: 37383182 PMCID: PMC10294294 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality, especially in high-risk populations. Although current vaccination regimens are the best method to combat annual influenza disease, vaccine efficacy can be low in high-risk groups, such as haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Methods We comprehensively assessed humoral immunity, antibody landscapes, systems serology and influenza-specific B-cell responses, together with their phenotypes and isotypes, to the inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) in HSCT recipients in comparison to healthy controls. Results Inactivated influenza vaccine significantly increased haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titres in HSCT recipients, similar to healthy controls. Systems serology revealed increased IgG1 and IgG3 antibody levels towards the haemagglutinin (HA) head, but not to neuraminidase, nucleoprotein or HA stem. IIV also increased frequencies of total, IgG class-switched and CD21loCD27+ influenza-specific B cells, determined by HA probes and flow cytometry. Strikingly, 40% of HSCT recipients had markedly higher antibody responses towards A/H3N2 vaccine strain than healthy controls and showed cross-reactivity to antigenically drifted A/H3N2 strains by antibody landscape analysis. These superior humoral responses were associated with a greater time interval after HSCT, while multivariant analyses revealed the importance of pre-existing immune memory. Conversely, in HSCT recipients who did not respond to the first dose, the second IIV dose did not greatly improve their humoral response, although 50% of second-dose patients reached a seroprotective HAI titre for at least one of vaccine strains. Conclusions Our study demonstrates efficient, although time-dependent, immune responses to IIV in HSCT recipients, and provides insights into influenza vaccination strategies targeted to immunocompromised high-risk groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuji Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Louise C Rowntree
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | | | - Timon Damelang
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Malet Aban
- World Health Organisation (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Aeron C Hurt
- World Health Organisation (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Product Development Medical Affairs, Infectious DiseasesF. Hoffmann-La Roche LtdBaselSwitzerland
| | - Maria Auladell
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | | | | | - Stephen J Turner
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of MicrobiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Sushrut Patil
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Department of Clinical HaematologyThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Sharon Avery
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Department of Clinical HaematologyThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Orla Morrissey
- Department of Infectious DiseasesAlfred HealthMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Marios Koutsakos
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Thi HO Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Allen C Cheng
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
- Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology UnitAlfred HealthMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Tom C Kotsimbos
- Department of Respiratory MedicineThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, The Alfred HospitalMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI‐CoRE)Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miao X, Yin Y, Chen Y, Bi W, Yin Y, Chen S, Peng D, Gao L, Qin T, Liu X. Bidirectionally Regulating Viral and Cellular Ferroptosis with Metastable Iron Sulfide Against Influenza Virus. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2206869. [PMID: 37092591 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Influenza virus with numerous subtypes and frequent variation limits the development of high-efficacy and broad-spectrum antiviral strategy. Here, a novel multi-antiviral metastable iron sulfides (mFeS) against various influenza A/B subtype viruses is developed. This work finds that mFeS induces high levels of lipid peroxidation and •OH free radicals in the conservative viral envelope, which depends on Fe2+ . This phenomenon, termed as a viral ferroptosis, results in the loss of viral infectibility and pathogenicity in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Furthermore, the decoction of mFeS (Dc(mFeS)) inhibits cellular ferroptosis-dependent intracellular viral replication by correcting the virus-induced reprogrammed sulfur metabolism, a conserved cellular metabolism. Notably, personal protective equipment (PPE) that is loaded with mFeS provides good antiviral protection. Aerosol administration of mFeS combined with the decoction (mFeS&Dc) has a potential therapeutic effect against H1N1 lethal infection in mice. Collectively, mFeS represents an antiviral alternative with broad-spectrum activity against intracellular and extracellular influenza virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yinyan Yin
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- Guangling College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, P. R. China
| | - Yulian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Bi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yuncong Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Sujuan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Daxin Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Lizeng Gao
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China
| | - Tao Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Motsoeneng BM, Dhar N, Nunes MC, Krammer F, Madhi SA, Moore PL, Richardson SI. Influenza Vaccination Results in Differential Hemagglutinin Stalk-Specific Fc-Mediated Functions in Individuals Living With or Without HIV. Front Immunol 2022; 13:873191. [PMID: 35514992 PMCID: PMC9062095 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.873191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) stalk-specific antibodies have been shown to potently induce Fc-mediated effector functions which are important in protection from disease. In placebo-controlled maternal influenza (MatFlu) vaccination trials of pregnant women living with or without HIV, reduced risk of influenza illness was associated with high HA stalk antibody titers following trivalent inactivated vaccination (TIV). However, the mechanisms of immunity conferred by the HA stalk antibodies were not well understood. Here, we investigated HA stalk-specific Fc effector functions including antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent complement deposition (ADCD), and FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa binding in response to seasonal influenza vaccination. These were measured pre- and 1-month post-vaccination in 141 HIV-uninfected women (67 TIV and 74 placebo recipients) and 119 women living with HIV (WLWH; 66 TIV and 53 placebo recipients). In contrast to HIV-uninfected women, where HA stalk-specific ADCP and FcγRIIa binding were significantly boosted, WLWH showed no increase in response to vaccination. HA stalk-specific ADCC potential and FcγRIIIa binding were not boosted regardless of HIV status but were higher in WLWH compared with HIV-uninfected women prior to vaccination. HA stalk-specific ADCD was significantly increased by vaccination in all women, but was significantly lower in the WLWH both pre- and post- vaccination. Co-ordination between HA stalk-specific ADCP and ADCD in WLWH was improved by vaccination. Fc polyfunctionality was enhanced by vaccination in HIV-uninfected women and driven by the HA stalk antibody titers. However, in the WLWH, higher pre-vaccination Fc polyfunctionality was maintained post-vaccination but was decoupled from titer. Overall, we showed differential regulation of Fc effector HA stalk responses, suggesting that HIV infection results in unique humoral immunity in response to influenza vaccination, with relevance for future strategies that aim to target the HA stalk in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boitumelo M Motsoeneng
- HIV Virology Section, Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of The National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.,South African Medical Research Council Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nisha Dhar
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science and Innovation/National Research Foundation, South African Research Chair Initiative in Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Marta C Nunes
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science and Innovation/National Research Foundation, South African Research Chair Initiative in Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shabir A Madhi
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science and Innovation/National Research Foundation, South African Research Chair Initiative in Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,African Leadership in Vaccinology Expertise (ALIVE), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Penny L Moore
- HIV Virology Section, Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of The National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.,South African Medical Research Council Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,African Leadership in Vaccinology Expertise (ALIVE), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Simone I Richardson
- HIV Virology Section, Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of The National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.,South African Medical Research Council Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu H, Locarnini S, Wong D, Hammond R, Colledge D, Soppe S, Huynh T, Shaw T, Thompson AJ, Revill PA, Hogarth PM, Wines BD, Walsh R, Warner N. Role of anti-HBs in functional cure of HBeAg+ chronic hepatitis B patients infected with HBV genotype A. J Hepatol 2022; 76:34-45. [PMID: 34371070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS HBsAg-specific antibody responses are difficult to detect during chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) and are often overlooked. The aim of this study was to examine whether anti-HBs may be involved in functional cure (FC) by profiling anti-HBs responses in patients with CHB using a panel of specific assays. METHODS Longitudinal serum samples were obtained from 25 patients with CHB who were infected with HBV genotype A and were undergoing nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment: 14 achieved FC while 11 remained infected (non-FC). Anti-HBs immune complexes (HBsAg-IC), FcγRIIIa dimer binding, epitope specificity and neutralisation efficacy were measured. RESULTS HBsAg-IC peaks were detected prior to HBsAg loss in 10/14 FC patients. These HBsAg-IC peaks overlapped with either an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare (8/10 patients), or a rise in ALT (2/10 patients). HBsAg-IC peaks were detected in 7/11 non-FC patients, but were not associated with an ALT flare. FCγRIIIa binding was detected in 9/14 FC patients, independent from detection of overlapping HBsAg-IC/ALT peaks. FC patients had stable HBsAg epitope occupancy across the study, whereas non-FC patients had a reduction in HBsAg epitope occupancy within the first 12-24 weeks of NA treatment. Convalescent sera from FC patients recognised more HBsAg epitopes and neutralised HBV infection more potently than anti-HBs derived from vaccinees. Neutralisation potency appeared to increase post-HBsAg loss in 4/5 FC patients examined. CONCLUSIONS Using these assays, we confirm that anti-HBs responses are present and fluctuate over time in this cohort of patients with HBeAg+ CHB, who were infected with HBV genotype A and treated with NAs. Key anti-HBs profiles associated with either FC or failure to achieve FC were also identified, suggesting a role for anti-HBs responses in FC. LAY SUMMARY Using a panel of assays to characterise hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) responses in a group of patients with chronic hepatitis B, we identified anti-HBs profiles associated with either functional cure, or failure to achieve functional cure. Functional cure was associated with immune complex peaks which overlapped with alanine aminotransferase flares. Conversely, in those who did not achieve functional cure, immune complex peaks were present, but were not associated with alanine aminotransferase flares, and a decline in anti-HBs diversity was observed early during treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Locarnini
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darren Wong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Hammond
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danni Colledge
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sally Soppe
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thao Huynh
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tim Shaw
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Peter A Revill
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Renae Walsh
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; ClearB Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nadia Warner
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antibodies mediate pathogen neutralization in addition to several cytotoxic Fc functions through engaging cellular receptors and recruiting effector cells. Fc effector functions have been well described in disease control and protection against infectious diseases including HIV, Ebola, malaria, influenza and tuberculosis, making them attractive targets for vaccine design. AREAS COVERED We briefly summarize the role of Fc effector functions in disease control and protection in viral, bacterial and parasitic infectious diseases. We review Fc effector function in passive immunization and vaccination, and primarily focus on strategies to elicit and modulate these functions as part of a robust vaccine strategy. EXPERT OPINION Despite their known correlation with vaccine efficacy for several diseases, only recently have seminal studies addressed how these Fc effector functions can be elicited and modulated in vaccination. However, gaps remain in assay standardization and the precise mechanisms of diverse functional assays. Furthermore, there are inherent difficulties in the translation of findings from animal models to humans, given the difference in sequence, expression and function of Fc receptors and Fc portions of antibodies. However, overall it is clear that vaccine development to elicit Fc effector function is an important goal for optimal prevention against infectious disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone I Richardson
- Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.,Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Penny L Moore
- Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.,Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.,Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Congella, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Selva KJ, van de Sandt CE, Lemke MM, Lee CY, Shoffner SK, Chua BY, Davis SK, Nguyen THO, Rowntree LC, Hensen L, Koutsakos M, Wong CY, Mordant F, Jackson DC, Flanagan KL, Crowe J, Tosif S, Neeland MR, Sutton P, Licciardi PV, Crawford NW, Cheng AC, Doolan DL, Amanat F, Krammer F, Chappell K, Modhiran N, Watterson D, Young P, Lee WS, Wines BD, Mark Hogarth P, Esterbauer R, Kelly HG, Tan HX, Juno JA, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ, Arnold KB, Kedzierska K, Chung AW. Systems serology detects functionally distinct coronavirus antibody features in children and elderly. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2037. [PMID: 33795692 PMCID: PMC8016934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The hallmarks of COVID-19 are higher pathogenicity and mortality in the elderly compared to children. Examining baseline SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive immunological responses, induced by circulating human coronaviruses (hCoVs), is needed to understand such divergent clinical outcomes. Here we show analysis of coronavirus antibody responses of pre-pandemic healthy children (n = 89), adults (n = 98), elderly (n = 57), and COVID-19 patients (n = 50) by systems serology. Moderate levels of cross-reactive, but non-neutralizing, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are detected in pre-pandemic healthy individuals. SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific Fcγ receptor binding accurately distinguishes COVID-19 patients from healthy individuals, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces qualitative changes to antibody Fc, enhancing Fcγ receptor engagement. Higher cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG are observed in healthy elderly, while healthy children display elevated SARS-CoV-2 IgM, suggesting that children have fewer hCoV exposures, resulting in less-experienced but more polyreactive humoral immunity. Age-dependent analysis of COVID-19 patients, confirms elevated class-switched antibodies in elderly, while children have stronger Fc responses which we demonstrate are functionally different. These insights will inform COVID-19 vaccination strategies, improved serological diagnostics and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Selva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carolien E van de Sandt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Melissa M Lemke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christina Y Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Suzanne K Shoffner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brendon Y Chua
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samantha K Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thi H O Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise C Rowntree
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Luca Hensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marios Koutsakos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chinn Yi Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francesca Mordant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David C Jackson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katie L Flanagan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tasmanian Vaccine Trial Centre, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane Crowe
- Deepdene Surgery, Deepdene, VIC, Australia
| | - Shidan Tosif
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie R Neeland
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip Sutton
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nigel W Crawford
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Immunisation Service, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Allen C Cheng
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Infection Prevention & Healthcare Epidemiology Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Denise L Doolan
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Keith Chappell
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Naphak Modhiran
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel Watterson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannah G Kelly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly B Arnold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Damelang T, Aitken EH, Hasang W, Lopez E, Killian M, Unger HW, Salanti A, Shub A, McCarthy E, Kedzierska K, Lappas M, Kent SJ, Rogerson SJ, Chung AW. Antibody mediated activation of natural killer cells in malaria exposed pregnant women. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4130. [PMID: 33602987 PMCID: PMC7893158 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune effector responses against Plasmodium falciparum include antibody-mediated activation of innate immune cells, which can induce Fc effector functions, including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and the secretion of cytokines and chemokines. These effector functions are regulated by the composition of immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc N-linked glycans. However, a role for antibody-mediated natural killer (NK) cells activation or Fc N-linked glycans in pregnant women with malaria has not yet been established. Herein, we studied the capacity of IgG antibodies from pregnant women, with placental malaria or non-placental malaria, to induce NK cell activation in response to placental malaria-associated antigens DBL2 and DBL3. Antibody-mediated NK cell activation was observed in pregnant women with malaria, but no differences were associated with susceptibility to placental malaria. Elevated anti-inflammatory glycosylation patterns of IgG antibodies were observed in pregnant women with or without malaria infection, which were not seen in healthy non-pregnant controls. This suggests that pregnancy-associated anti-inflammatory Fc N-linked glycans may dampen the antibody-mediated activation of NK cells in pregnant women with malaria infection. Overall, although anti-inflammatory glycans and antibody-dependent NK cell activation were detected in pregnant women with malaria, a definitive role for these antibody features in protecting against placental malaria remains to be proven.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timon Damelang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elizabeth H Aitken
- Department of Medicine, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wina Hasang
- Department of Medicine, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Martin Killian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Groupe sur l'Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Holger W Unger
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Ali Salanti
- Department for Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for Medical Parasitology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexis Shub
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elizabeth McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Martha Lappas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Rogerson
- Department of Medicine, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang C, Chen H, Chen D, Zhao M, Lin Z, Guo M, Xu T, Chen Y, Hua L, Lin T, Tang Y, Zhu B, Li Y. The Inhibition of H1N1 Influenza Virus-Induced Apoptosis by Surface Decoration of Selenium Nanoparticles with β-Thujaplicin through Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated AKT and p53 Signaling Pathways. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:30633-30642. [PMID: 33283112 PMCID: PMC7711941 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
β-Thujaplicin possess a variety of biological activities. The use of modified biological nanoparticles (NPs) to develop novel anti-influenza drugs has increased in recent years. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with antiviral activity have attracted increasing attention for biomedical intervention. Functionalized SeNPs by β-thujaplicin (Se@TP) surface modified with superior antiviral activity were synthesized in this study. Compared to a virus group (43%), when treated with Se@TP (88%), the cell survival rate of MDCK cells was 45% higher. Se@TP could inhibit H1N1 from infecting Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and block chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. Se@TP obviously prevented MDCK cells from generating reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, Se@TP prevents lung injury in H1N1-infected mice through eosin staining and hematoxylin in vivo. Mechanistic investigation revealed that Se@TP inhibited H1N1 influenza virus from infecting MDCK cells through induction of apoptosis via suppressing AKT and p53 signaling pathways through immunohistochemical assay. Our results suggest that β-thujaplicin-modified SeNPs as carriers are an efficient way to achieve an antiviral pharmaceutical candidate for H1N1 influenza.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bing Zhu
- . Tel: +86 20-81330740. Fax: +86 20 81885978
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kelly HG, Tan HX, Juno JA, Esterbauer R, Ju Y, Jiang W, Wimmer VC, Duckworth BC, Groom JR, Caruso F, Kanekiyo M, Kent SJ, Wheatley AK. Self-assembling influenza nanoparticle vaccines drive extended germinal center activity and memory B cell maturation. JCI Insight 2020; 5:136653. [PMID: 32434990 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.136653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-based, self-assembling nanoparticles elicit superior immunity compared with soluble protein vaccines, but the immune mechanisms underpinning this effect remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated the immunogenicity of a prototypic ferritin-based nanoparticle displaying influenza hemagglutinin (HA) in mice and macaques. Vaccination of mice with HA-ferritin nanoparticles elicited higher serum antibody titers and greater protection against experimental influenza challenge compared with soluble HA protein. Germinal centers in the draining lymph nodes were expanded and persistent following HA-ferritin vaccination, with greater deposition of antigen that colocalized with follicular dendritic cells. Our findings suggest that a highly ordered and repetitive antigen array may directly drive germinal centers through a B cell-intrinsic mechanism that does not rely on ferritin-specific T follicular helper cells. In contrast to mice, enhanced immunogenicity of HA-ferritin was not observed in pigtail macaques, where antibody titers and lymph node immunity were comparable to soluble vaccination. An improved understanding of factors that drive nanoparticle vaccine immunogenicity in small and large animal models will facilitate the clinical development of nanoparticle vaccines for broad and durable protection against diverse pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G Kelly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and
| | - Yi Ju
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Brigette C Duckworth
- Division of Immunology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanna R Groom
- Division of Immunology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Suphaphiphat K, Bernard-Stoecklin S, Gommet C, Delache B, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Kent SJ, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Le Grand R, Cavarelli M. Innate and Adaptive Anti-SIV Responses in Macaque Semen: Implications for Infectivity and Risk of Transmission. Front Immunol 2020; 11:850. [PMID: 32528466 PMCID: PMC7247827 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection is transmitted primarily by sexual exposure, with semen being the principal contaminated fluid. However, HIV-specific immune response in semen has been understudied. We investigated specific parameters of the innate, cellular, and humoral immune response that may affect semen infectivity in macaques infected with SIVmac251. Serial semen levels of cytokines and chemokines, SIV-specific antibodies, neutralization, and FcγR-mediated functions and SIV-specific T-cell responses were assessed and compared to systemic responses across 53 cynomolgus macaques. SIV infection induced an overall inflammatory state in the semen. Several pro-inflammatory molecules correlated with SIV virus levels. Effector CD8+ T cells were expanded in semen upon infection. SIV-specific CD8+ T-cells that expressed multiple effector molecules (IFN-γ+MIP-1β+TNF+/-) were induced in the semen of a subset of SIV-infected macaques, but this did not correlate with local viral control. SIV-specific IgG, commonly capable of engaging the FcγRIIIa receptor, was detected in most semen samples although this positively correlated with seminal viral load. Several inflammatory immune responses in semen develop in the context of higher levels of SIV seminal plasma viremia. These inflammatory immune responses could play a role in viral transmission and should be considered in the development of preventive and prophylactic vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karunasinee Suphaphiphat
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, “Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases”, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sibylle Bernard-Stoecklin
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, “Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases”, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Céline Gommet
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, “Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases”, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Benoit Delache
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, “Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases”, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, “Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases”, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Roger Le Grand
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, “Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases”, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Mariangela Cavarelli
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, “Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases”, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brief Report: Decreased JC Virus-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity in HIV-Seropositive PML Survivors. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2020; 82:220-224. [PMID: 31513076 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an often fatal disease caused by JC virus (JCV) in severely immunocompromised patients, including HIV patients. Development of therapeutics to prevent or treat PML is an urgent medical need. While JCV-specific T cells are crucial to control JCV and recover from PML, the role played by antibodies remains unclear. Anti-JCV antibodies, including potent neutralizing antibodies, can be detected in most infected adults, yet in PML patients, JCV seems to escape from neutralization. Whether antibodies can contribute to JCV control by eliciting Fc-mediated effector functions activity has not been evaluated. METHODS We measured the capacity of plasma anti-JCV VP1 antibodies to recruit Fc receptor (FcR)-bearing effector cell functions in 28 HIV patients, comparing subjects without PML with PML survivors (PML S) who were alive 1 year after disease onset or PML progressors (PML P) who succumbed within the first year. Antibody titers against JCV VP1 and HIV gp140 trimer were determined by end-point titer dilution ELISA. FcR-mediated natural killer cell degranulation and IFN-γ production were measured as surrogate for in vitro antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). RESULTS PML S had higher JCV antibody titers than PML P and patients without PML. However, anti-JCV antibodies had a higher ability to functionally engage FcR in PML P than PML S. Antibody titers and ADCC activity did not vary over time in PML S. Anti-HIV antibody titers and ADCC activity were similar among groups. CONCLUSIONS The ability of anti-JCV antibodies to stimulate FcR-bearing effector cell activity might contribute to the outcome of PML. Further studies are warranted to define Fc-mediated functions of anti-JCV antibodies and evaluate whether ADCC can contain JCV replication.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kurtovic L, Atre T, Feng G, Wines BD, Chan JA, Boyle MJ, Drew DR, Hogarth PM, Fowkes FJI, Bergmann-Leitner ES, Beeson JG. Multi-functional antibodies are induced by the RTS,S malaria vaccine and associated with protection in a phase I/IIa trial. J Infect Dis 2020; 224:1128-1138. [PMID: 32236404 PMCID: PMC8514181 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background RTS,S is the leading malaria vaccine candidate but only confers partial efficacy against malaria in children. RTS,S is based on the major Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite surface antigen, circumsporozoite protein (CSP). The induction of anti-CSP antibodies is important for protection; however, it is unclear how these protective antibodies function. Methods We quantified the induction of functional anti-CSP antibody responses in healthy malaria-naive adults (N = 45) vaccinated with RTS,S/AS01. This included the ability to mediate effector functions via the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region, such as interacting with human complement proteins and Fcγ-receptors (FcγRs) that are expressed on immune cells, which promote various immunological functions. Results Our major findings were (1) RTS,S-induced antibodies mediated Fc-dependent effector functions, (2) functional antibodies were generally highest after the second vaccine dose, (3) functional antibodies targeted multiple regions of CSP, (4) participants with higher levels of functional antibodies had a reduced probability of developing parasitemia following homologous challenge (P < .05), and (5) nonprotected subjects had higher levels of anti-CSP IgM. Conclusions Our data suggest a role for Fc-dependent antibody effector functions in RTS,S-induced immunity. Enhancing the induction of these functional activities may be a strategy to improve the protective efficacy of RTS,S or other malaria vaccines. Clinical Trials Registration NCT00075049
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liriye Kurtovic
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tanmaya Atre
- Malaria Vaccine Branch, US Military Malaria Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, United States
| | | | - Bruce D Wines
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo-Anne Chan
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michelle J Boyle
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer, Herston, Australia
| | | | - P Mark Hogarth
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Freya J I Fowkes
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elke S Bergmann-Leitner
- Malaria Vaccine Branch, US Military Malaria Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, United States
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bangaru S, Lang S, Schotsaert M, Vanderven HA, Zhu X, Kose N, Bombardi R, Finn JA, Kent SJ, Gilchuk P, Gilchuk I, Turner HL, García-Sastre A, Li S, Ward AB, Wilson IA, Crowe JE. A Site of Vulnerability on the Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Head Domain Trimer Interface. Cell 2020; 177:1136-1152.e18. [PMID: 31100268 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we describe the discovery of a naturally occurring human antibody (Ab), FluA-20, that recognizes a new site of vulnerability on the hemagglutinin (HA) head domain and reacts with most influenza A viruses. Structural characterization of FluA-20 with H1 and H3 head domains revealed a novel epitope in the HA trimer interface, suggesting previously unrecognized dynamic features of the trimeric HA protein. The critical HA residues recognized by FluA-20 remain conserved across most subtypes of influenza A viruses, which explains the Ab's extraordinary breadth. The Ab rapidly disrupted the integrity of HA protein trimers, inhibited cell-to-cell spread of virus in culture, and protected mice against challenge with viruses of H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, or H7N9 subtypes when used as prophylaxis or therapy. The FluA-20 Ab has uncovered an exceedingly conserved protective determinant in the influenza HA head domain trimer interface that is an unexpected new target for anti-influenza therapeutics and vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Bangaru
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Shanshan Lang
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hillary A Vanderven
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xueyong Zhu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nurgun Kose
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Robin Bombardi
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jessica A Finn
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pavlo Gilchuk
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Iuliia Gilchuk
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hannah L Turner
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - James E Crowe
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Vanderven HA, Barr I, Reynaldi A, Wheatley AK, Wines BD, Davenport MP, Hogarth PM, Kent SJ. Fc functional antibody responses to adjuvanted versus unadjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccination in community-dwelling older adults. Vaccine 2020; 38:2368-2377. [PMID: 32035709 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal influenza vaccination with a standard trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) induces a modest, and cross-reactive, Fc functional antibody response in older adults. Recent improvements to influenza vaccines include a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) and a TIV adjuvanted with the squalene-based oil-in-water emulsion MF59. METHODS Pre- and post-vaccination serum samples from older adults vaccinated with QIV (n = 27) and adjuvanted TIV (n = 44) were studied using hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays and dimeric Fc-gamma receptor IIIa binding ELISAs, as a surrogate of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). RESULTS We found that the unadjuvanted QIV elicited a stronger HAI response against the H1N1 vaccine virus than the adjuvanted TIV. Post-vaccination levels of HA-specific ADCC antibodies were similar for older adults vaccinated with QIV and adjuvanted TIV. The ADCC response to influenza vaccination was largely determined by pre-vaccination or baseline levels of these antibodies, with older adults with low baseline levels of ADCC activity demonstrating greater post-vaccination rises. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of community-dwelling older adults, the QIV was at least as good as the adjuvanted TIV in the induction of ADCC and HAI responses. Further studies on how these antibody responses translate to efficacy in preventing influenza infections are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Barr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vanderven HA, Kent SJ. The protective potential of Fc-mediated antibody functions against influenza virus and other viral pathogens. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:253-263. [PMID: 31914207 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in utilizing antibody fragment crystallizable (Fc) functions to prevent and control viral infections. The protective and therapeutic potential of Fc-mediated antibody functions have been assessed for some clinically important human viruses, including HIV, hemorrhagic fever viruses and influenza virus. There is mounting evidence that influenza-specific antibodies with Fc-mediated functions, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent phagocytosis, can aid in the clearance of influenza virus infection. Recent influenza challenge studies and intravenous immunoglobulin G therapy studies in humans suggest a protective role for Fc effector functions in vivo. Broadly reactive influenza antibodies with Fc-mediated functions are prevalent in the human population and could inform the development of a universally protective influenza vaccine or therapy. In this review, we explore the utility of antibodies with Fc-mediated effector functions against viral infections with a focus on influenza virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lopez E, Scott NE, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ, Chung AW. Low pH Exposure During Immunoglobulin G Purification Methods Results in Aggregates That Avidly Bind Fcγ Receptors: Implications for Measuring Fc Dependent Antibody Functions. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2415. [PMID: 31681303 PMCID: PMC6797627 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluating the biophysical and functional nature of IgG is key to defining correlates of protection in infectious disease, and autoimmunity research cohorts, as well as vaccine efficacy trials. These studies often require small quantities of IgG to be purified from plasma for downstream analysis with high throughput immunoaffinity formats which elute IgG at low-pH, such as Protein G and Protein A. Herein we sought to compare Protein G purification of IgG with an immunoaffinity method which elutes at physiological pH (Melon Gel). Critical factors impacting Fc functionality with the potential to significantly influence FcγR binding, such as IgG subclass distribution, N-glycosylation, aggregation, and IgG conformational changes were investigated and compared. We observed that transient exposure of IgG to the low-pH elution buffer, used during the Protein G purification process, artificially enhanced recognition of Fcγ Receptors (FcγRs) as demonstrated by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), FcγR dimer ELISA, and a functional cell-based assay. Furthermore, low-pH exposed IgG caused conformational changes resulting in increased aggregation and hydrophobicity; factors likely to contribute to the observed enhanced interaction with FcγRs. These results highlight that methods employed to purify IgG can significantly alter FcγR-binding behavior and biological activity and suggest that the IgG purification approach selected may be a previously overlooked factor contributing to the poor reproducibility across current assays employed to evaluate Fc-mediated antibody effector functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nichollas E Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Department, Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Central Clinical School, Alfred Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Vanderven HA, Wragg K, Ana-Sosa-Batiz F, Kristensen AB, Jegaskanda S, Wheatley AK, Wentworth D, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Rockman S, Kent SJ. Anti-Influenza Hyperimmune Immunoglobulin Enhances Fc-Functional Antibody Immunity During Human Influenza Infection. J Infect Dis 2019; 218:1383-1393. [PMID: 29860297 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New treatments for severe influenza are needed. Passive transfer of influenza-specific hyperimmune pooled immunoglobulin (Flu-IVIG) boosts neutralizing antibody responses to past strains in influenza-infected subjects. The effect of Flu-IVIG on antibodies with Fc-mediated functions, which may target diverse influenza strains, is unclear. Methods We studied the capacity of Flu-IVIG, relative to standard IVIG, to bind to Fcγ receptors and mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in vitro. The effect of Flu-IVIG infusion, compared to placebo infusion, was examined in serial plasma samples from 24 subjects with confirmed influenza infection in the INSIGHT FLU005 pilot study. Results Flu-IVIG contains higher concentrations of Fc-functional antibodies than IVIG against a diverse range of influenza hemagglutinins. Following infusion of Flu-IVIG into influenza-infected subjects, a transient increase in Fc-functional antibodies was present for 1-3 days against infecting and noninfecting strains of influenza. Conclusions Flu-IVIG contains antibodies with Fc-mediated functions against influenza virus, and passive transfer of Flu-IVIG increases anti-influenza Fc-functional antibodies in the plasma of influenza-infected subjects. Enhancement of Fc-functional antibodies to a diverse range of influenza strains suggests that Flu-IVIG infusion could prove useful in the context of novel influenza virus infections, when there may be minimal or no neutralizing antibodies in the Flu-IVIG preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathleen Wragg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fernanda Ana-Sosa-Batiz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne B Kristensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sinthujan Jegaskanda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Steve Rockman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Seqirus Ltd, Parkville
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chang L, Lim BCW, Flaherty GT, Torresi J. Travel vaccination recommendations and infection risk in HIV-positive travellers. J Travel Med 2019; 26:5486056. [PMID: 31066446 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taz034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the advent of highly active antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) it has become possible for people with HIV to travel to destinations that may place them at risk of a number of infectious diseases. Prevention of infections by vaccination is therefore of paramount importance for these travellers. However, vaccine responsiveness in HIV-positive individuals is not infrequently reduced compared to HIV-negative individuals. An understanding of the expected immune responses to vaccines in HIV-positive travellers is therefore important in planning the best approach to a pretravel consultation. METHODS A PubMed search was performed on HIV or acquired immune deficiency syndrome together with a search for specific vaccines. Review of the literature was performed to develop recommendations on vaccinations for HIV-positive travellers to high-risk destinations. RESULTS The immune responses to several vaccines are reduced in HIV-positive people. In the case of vaccines for hepatitis A, hepatitis B, influenza, pneumococcus, meningococcus and yellow fever there is a good body of data in the literature showing reduced immune responsiveness and also to help guide appropriate vaccination strategies. For other vaccines like Japanese encephalitis, rabies, typhoid fever, polio and cholera the data are not as robust; however, it is still possible to gain some understanding of the reduced responses seen with these vaccines. CONCLUSION This review provides a summary of the immunological responses to commonly used vaccines for the HIV-positive travellers. This information will help guide travel medicine practitioners in making decisions about vaccination and boosting of travellers with HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Chang
- Department of Microbiology, Dorevitch Pathology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bryan Chang Wei Lim
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gerard T Flaherty
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Joseph Torresi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Billings H, Wines BD, Dyer WB, Center RJ, Trist HM, Kent SJ, Hogarth PM. Boosting of Markers of Fcγ Receptor Function in Anti-HIV Antibodies During Structured Treatment Interruption. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:842-852. [PMID: 31288562 PMCID: PMC6735329 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-HIV envelope (Env) antibodies elicit important Fc receptor functions, including FcγRIIIa-mediated natural killer cell killing of opsonized infected targets. How these antibodies evolve during HIV infection and treatment remains poorly understood. We describe changes in anti-HIV Env IgG using longitudinal samples from seroconverter subjects treated soon after infection and later during periods of structured treatment interruption (STI). Our well-validated dimeric rsFcγR binding assays combine effects of opsonizing antibody subclasses, epitopes, and geometries to provide a measure of FcγR (Fcγ receptor)-mediated functionality. IgG1 anti-Env titers diminished rapidly during antiretroviral therapy (ART; t1/2 3.0 ± 0.8 months), while the dimeric rsFcγRIIIa activity persisted longer (t1/2 33 ± 11 months), suggesting that there is maintenance of functional antibody specificities within the diminished pool of anti-HIV Env Abs. The initial antibody response to infection in two subjects was characterized by approximately fivefold higher FcγRIIIa compared with FcγRIIa binding activity. Uncoupling of FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa activities may be a distinct feature of the early antibody response that preferentially engages FcγRIIIa-mediated effector functions. Two to three STI cycles, even with low viremia, were sufficient to boost dimeric FcγR activity in these seroconverter subjects. We hypothesize that increased humoral immunity induced by STI is a desirable functional outcome potentially achievable by therapeutic immunization during ART. We conclude that controlled viral antigen exposure under the protection of suppressive ART may be effective in eliciting FcγR-dependent function in support of viral reactivation and kill strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Billings
- Immune Therapies Group, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wayne B. Dyer
- Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert J. Center
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Disease Elimination, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Halina M. Trist
- Immune Therapies Group, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Disease Elimination, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Butler AL, Fallon JK, Alter G. A Sample-Sparing Multiplexed ADCP Assay. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1851. [PMID: 31456799 PMCID: PMC6700248 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies serve as the primary correlate of protection following most clinically approved vaccines and are thought to confer protection in part through their ability to block (neutralize) infection. Increasingly, studies have shown that beyond their blocking activities, the ability of antibodies to leverage the innate immune response may serve a vital role in protection from infection. Specifically, antibodies can drive phagocytosis, complement activation, and cellular cytotoxicity by interacting with Fc-receptors found on all innate immune cells. Measuring the capacity of antibodies to induce these functions has become critical for the identification of correlates of protection in large-scale vaccine trials. Therefore, there is a growing need to develop robust, high throughput assays able to interrogate the functional capacity of innate immune recruiting antibodies. However, in many instances, only small sample volumes are available. Nevertheless, profiling antibody functions across many pathogen-associated antigens or across global intra-pathogen variants is in high demand, making sample sparing approaches to perform this antibody evaluation critical. Here we describe the development of an approach to interrogate the functional activity of antibodies in serum against up to 5 antigen targets simultaneously. A single bead-based cellular assay was adapted to accommodate 5 different fluorescently colored beads, allowing for the concurrent investigation of antibody responses directed against multiple antigens in a single well. The multiplexed assay was as sensitive, specific, and accurate as the single antigen assay and robustly able to assess functional differences mediated by antibodies across different samples. These findings show multiplexing allows for accurate and more efficient analysis of antibody-mediated effector profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Galit Alter
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lewis GK, Ackerman ME, Scarlatti G, Moog C, Robert-Guroff M, Kent SJ, Overbaugh J, Reeves RK, Ferrari G, Thyagarajan B. Knowns and Unknowns of Assaying Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Against HIV-1. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1025. [PMID: 31134085 PMCID: PMC6522882 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well-accepted that Fc-mediated effector functions, including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), can contribute to vaccine-elicited protection as well as post-infection control of HIV viremia. This picture was derived using a wide array of ADCC assays, no two of which are strictly comparable, and none of which is qualified at the clinical laboratory level. An earlier comparative study of assay protocols showed that while data from different ADCC assay formats were often correlated, they remained distinct in terms of target cells and the epitopes and antigen(s) available for recognition by antibodies, the effector cells, and the readout of cytotoxicity. This initial study warrants expanded analyses of the relationships among all current assay formats to determine where they detect overlapping activities and where they do not. Here we summarize knowns and unknowns of assaying ADCC against HIV-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George K. Lewis
- Division of Vaccine Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Christiane Moog
- INSERM U1109, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marjorie Robert-Guroff
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julie Overbaugh
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - R. Keith Reeves
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Department of Surgery and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Koopman G, Mortier D, Michels S, Hofman S, Fagrouch Z, Remarque EJ, Verschoor EJ, Mooij P, Bogers WM. Influenza virus infection as well as immunization with DNA encoding haemagglutinin protein induces potent antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) and monocyte infection-enhancing responses in macaques. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:738-751. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Koopman
- 1Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Daniella Mortier
- 1Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Samira Michels
- 1Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Sam Hofman
- 2Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Zahra Fagrouch
- 1Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Edmond J. Remarque
- 1Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst J. Verschoor
- 1Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Petra Mooij
- 1Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Willy M.J.M. Bogers
- 1Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vanderven HA, Jegaskanda S, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Carmuglia S, Rockman S, Chung AW, Kent SJ. Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Responses to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Older Adults. J Infect Dis 2019; 217:12-23. [PMID: 29106590 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Older adults are at high risk of influenza disease, but generally respond poorly to vaccination. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) may be an important component of protection against influenza infection. An improved understanding of the ADCC response to influenza vaccination in older adults is required. Methods We studied sera samples from 3 groups of subjects aged ≥65 years (n = 16-17/group) receiving the 2008/2009 seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV). Subjects had minimal pre-existing hemagglutination inhibiting (HAI) antibodies and TIV induced either no, low, or high HAI responses. Serum ADCC activity was analyzed using Fc receptor cross-linking, NK cell activation, and influenza-infected cell killing. Results Most subjects from TIV nonresponder, low responder, and high responder groups had detectable ADCC antibodies prevaccination, but baseline ADCC was not predictive of HAI vaccine responsiveness. Interestingly, ADCC and HAI responses tracked closely across all groups, against all 3 TIV hemagglutinins, and in all ADCC assays tested. Conclusions Older adults commonly have pre-existing ADCC antibodies in the absence of high HAI titers to circulating influenza strains. In older vaccinees, ADCC response mirrored HAI antibodies and was readily detectable despite high postvaccination HAI titers. Alternate measures of vaccine responsiveness and improved vaccinations in this at-risk group are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne
| | - Sinthujan Jegaskanda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne
| | | | | | | | | | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tan HX, Jegaskanda S, Juno JA, Esterbauer R, Wong J, Kelly HG, Liu Y, Tilmanis D, Hurt AC, Yewdell JW, Kent SJ, Wheatley AK. Subdominance and poor intrinsic immunogenicity limit humoral immunity targeting influenza HA stem. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:850-862. [PMID: 30521496 PMCID: PMC6355240 DOI: 10.1172/jci123366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Both natural influenza infection and current seasonal influenza vaccines primarily induce neutralizing antibody responses against highly diverse epitopes within the "head" of the viral hemagglutinin (HA) protein. There is increasing interest in redirecting immunity toward the more conserved HA stem or stalk as a means of broadening protective antibody responses. Here we examined HA stem-specific B cell and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell responses in the context of influenza infection and immunization in mouse and monkey models. We found that during infection, the stem domain was immunologically subdominant to the head in terms of serum antibody production and antigen-specific B and Tfh cell responses. Similarly, we found that HA stem immunogens were poorly immunogenic compared with the full-length HA with abolished sialic acid binding activity, with limiting Tfh cell elicitation a potential constraint to the induction or boosting of anti-stem immunity by vaccination. Finally, we confirm that currently licensed seasonal influenza vaccines can boost preexisting memory responses against the HA stem in humans. An increased understanding of the immune dynamics surrounding the HA stem is essential to inform the design of next-generation influenza vaccines for broad and durable protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sinthujan Jegaskanda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julius Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hannah G Kelly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danielle Tilmanis
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aeron C Hurt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan W Yewdell
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Y, Tan HX, Koutsakos M, Jegaskanda S, Esterbauer R, Tilmanis D, Aban M, Kedzierska K, Hurt AC, Kent SJ, Wheatley AK. Cross-lineage protection by human antibodies binding the influenza B hemagglutinin. Nat Commun 2019; 10:324. [PMID: 30659197 PMCID: PMC6338745 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza B viruses (IBV) drive a significant proportion of influenza-related hospitalisations yet are understudied compared to influenza A. Current vaccines target the head of the viral hemagglutinin (HA) which undergoes rapid mutation, significantly reducing vaccine effectiveness. Improved vaccines to control IBV are needed. Here we developed novel IBV HA probes to interrogate humoral responses to IBV in humans. A significant proportion of IBV HA-specific B cells recognise both B/Victoria/2/87-like and B/Yamagata/16/88-like lineages in a distinct pattern of cross-reactivity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were reconstituted from IBV HA-specific B cells, including mAbs providing broad protection in murine models of lethal IBV infection. Protection was mediated by neutralising antibodies targeting the receptor binding domain, or via Fc-mediated functions of non-neutralising antibodies binding alternative epitopes including the IBV HA stem. This work defines antigenic cross-recognition between IBV lineages and provides guidance for the rational design of improved IBV vaccines for broad and durable protection. Immune recognition of Influenza B virus (IBV) is poorly understood. Here, Liu et al. use flow cytometry to characterize IBV-specific memory B cell responses following seasonal vaccination and show that elicited cross-reactive antibodies can protect against infection, providing a platform for vaccine design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Marios Koutsakos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Sinthujan Jegaskanda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Danielle Tilmanis
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Malet Aban
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Aeron C Hurt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.,World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia. .,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,ARC Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li Y, Lin Z, Gong G, Guo M, Xu T, Wang C, Zhao M, Xia Y, Tang Y, Zhong J, Chen Y, Hua L, Huang Y, Zeng F, Zhu B. Inhibition of H1N1 influenza virus-induced apoptosis by selenium nanoparticles functionalized with arbidol through ROS-mediated signaling pathways. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00531e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As an effective antiviral agent, the clinical application of arbidol is limited by the appearance of drug-resistant viruses.
Collapse
|
29
|
Wines BD, Tan CW, Duncan E, McRae S, Baker RI, Andrews RK, Esparon S, Gardiner EE, Hogarth PM. Dimeric FcγR ectodomains detect pathogenic anti-platelet factor 4-heparin antibodies in heparin-induced thromobocytopenia. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:2520-2525. [PMID: 30269432 PMCID: PMC6635755 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Essentials FcγRIIa mediates life-threatening heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Most anti-platelet factor (PF)4-heparin IgGs are not pathogenic so diagnosis of HIT is challenging. Dimeric rsFcγRIIa was used to quantify receptor-binding activity of anti-PF4-heparin antibodies. Dimeric rsFcγRIIa binding specifically correlated with occurrence of HIT. SUMMARY: Background Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a major and potentially fatal consequence of antibodies produced against platelet factor 4 (PF4)-heparin complexes following heparin exposure. Not all anti-PF4-heparin antibodies are pathogenic, so overdiagnosis can occur, with resulting inappropriate use of alternative anticoagulation therapies that have associated risks of bleeding. However, definitive platelet functional assays are not widely available for routine analysis. Objectives To assess the utility of dimeric recombinant soluble FcγRIIa (rsFcγRIIa) ectodomains for detecting HIT antibodies. Patients/Methods Plasma from 27 suspected HIT patients were tested for pathogenic anti-PF4-heparin antibodies by binding of a novel dimeric FcγRIIa ectodomain probe. Plasmas were also tested by the use of PF4-heparin IgG ELISA, the HemosIL AcuStar HIT IgG-specific assay, and a serotonin release assay (SRA). Results The dimeric rsFcγRIIa test produced no false positives and excluded four samples that were positive by IgG ELISA. In this small patient cohort, the novel assay correctly assigned 93% of the suspected HIT patients, with two of the HIT patients being scored as false negatives. The improved discrimination of the novel assay over the IgG ELISA, which scored four false positives, supports the mechanistic interpretation that binding of dimeric rsFcγRIIa detects pairs of closely spaced IgG antibodies in PF4-heparin immune complexes. Conclusions This study found the cell-free, function-based dimeric rsFcγRIIa assay to be convenient, simple, and potentially predictive of HIT. The assay had improved specificity over the IgG ELISA, and correlated strongly with the AcuStar HIT IgG-specific assay, warranting further evaluation of its potential to identify HIT in larger patient cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B. D. Wines
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of ImmunologyMonash University Central Clinical SchoolMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - C. W. Tan
- SA PathologyRoyal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - E. Duncan
- SA PathologyRoyal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - S. McRae
- SA PathologyRoyal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - R. I. Baker
- Murdoch UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - R. K. Andrews
- Australian Centre for Blood DiseasesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - S. Esparon
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of ImmunologyMonash University Central Clinical SchoolMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - E. E. Gardiner
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and TherapeuticsJohn Curtin School of Medical ResearchAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
| | - P. M. Hogarth
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of ImmunologyMonash University Central Clinical SchoolMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Viral control in chronic HIV-1 subtype C infection is associated with enrichment of p24 IgG1 with Fc effector activity. AIDS 2018; 32:1207-1217. [PMID: 29620716 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000001812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postinfection HIV viral control and immune correlates analysis of the RV144 vaccine trial indicate a potentially critical role for Fc receptor-mediated antibody functions. However, the influence of functional antibodies in clade C infection is largely unknown. DESIGN Plasma samples from 361 chronic subtype C-infected, antiretroviral therapy-naive participants were tested for their HIV-specific isotype and subclass distributions, along with their Fc receptor-mediated functional potential. METHOD Total IgG, IgG subclasses and IgA binding to p24 clade B/C and gp120 consensus C proteins were assayed by multiplex. Antibody-dependent uptake of antigen-coated beads and Fc receptor-mediated natural killer cell degranulation were evaluated as surrogates for antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), respectively. RESULTS p24 IgG1 was the only subclass associated with viral control (P = 0.01), with higher p24-specific ADCP and ADCC responses detected in individuals with high p24 IgG1. Although p24 IgG1 levels were enriched in patients with elevated Gag-specific T-cell responses, these levels remained an independent predictor of low-viral loads (P = 0.04) and high CD4+ cell counts (P = 0.004) after adjusting for Gag-specific T-cell responses and for protective HLA class I alleles. CONCLUSION p24 IgG1 levels independently predict viral control in HIV-1 clade C infection. Whether these responses contribute to direct antiviral control via the recruited killing of infected cells via the innate immune system or simply mark a qualitatively superior immune response to HIV, is uncertain, but highlights the role of p24-specific antibodies in control of clade C HIV-1 infection.
Collapse
|
31
|
The Potential Role of Fc-Receptor Functions in the Development of a Universal Influenza Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2018; 6:vaccines6020027. [PMID: 29772781 PMCID: PMC6027188 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines6020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite global vaccination efforts, influenza virus continues to cause yearly epidemics and periodic pandemics throughout most of the world. Many of us consider the generation of broader, potent and long-lasting immunity against influenza viruses as critical in curtailing the global health and economic impact that influenza currently plays. To date, classical vaccinology has relied on the generation of neutralizing antibodies as the benchmark to measure vaccine effectiveness. However, recent developments in numerous related fields of biomedical research including, HIV, HSV and DENV have emphasized the importance of Fc-mediate effector functions in pathogenesis and immunity. The concept of Fc effector functions in contributing to protection from illness is not a new concept and has been investigated in the field for over four decades. However, in recent years the application and study of Fc effector functions has become revitalized with new knowledge and technologies to characterize their potential importance in immunity. In this perspective, we describe the current state of the field of Influenza Fc effector functions and discuss its potential utility in universal vaccine design in the future.
Collapse
|
32
|
Bailey MJ, Broecker F, Leon PE, Tan GS. A Method to Assess Fc-mediated Effector Functions Induced by Influenza Hemagglutinin Specific Antibodies. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29553549 DOI: 10.3791/56256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies play a crucial role in coupling the innate and adaptive immune responses against viral pathogens through their antigen binding domains and Fc-regions. Here, we describe how to measure the activation of Fc effector functions by monoclonal antibodies targeting the influenza virus hemagglutinin with the use of a genetically engineered Jurkat cell line expressing an activating type 1 Fc-FcγR. Using this method, the contribution of specific Fc-FcγR interactions conferred by immunoglobulins can be determined using an in vitro assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Bailey
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Felix Broecker
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Paul E Leon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Gene S Tan
- Department of Infectious Disease, J. Craig Venter Institute;
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ana-Sosa-Batiz F, Johnston APR, Hogarth PM, Wines BD, Barr I, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ. Antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) responses following trivalent inactivated influenza vaccination of younger and older adults. Vaccine 2017; 35:6451-6458. [PMID: 29029940 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Globally the most commonly utilised immunisation against influenza is the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) derived from an A/H1N1, an A/H3N2 and aB type influenza virus. Vaccine effectiveness of TIV varies year to year, depending on how well antigenically matched the strains in the vaccine are compared to circulating strains [1,2]. Moreover, vaccine effectiveness can vary within certain subpopulations such as HIV-positive, young children and the elderly. Decreased vaccine effectiveness in the elderly is associated with impaired Ab production, as measured by standard hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays. We investigated the level of Antibody Dependent Phagocytosis (ADP)-mediating Abs induced by the 2008-TIV in healthy Australian adults aged over and under 60years to determine if this immune function was also reduced in the elderly. We utilised an ADP assay that measures the uptake of IgG-opsonised HA-coated fluorescent microspheres by a monocytic cell line. We also measured HA-specific Abs that are close enough to bind to dimeric FcγRIIa ectodomains in an ELISA-based assay. Furthermore, we compared the extent of cross-reactive recognition of diverse influenza strains by ADP-mediating Abs found in pre- and post-vaccination sera in both of these groups. We found that young adults and older adults mounted similar ADP activity against HAs contained in the 2008-TIV, despite older adults have diminished HI responses. The level of cross-reactive antibodies against other HAs was limited in both groups. We conclude that seasonal influenza vaccination elicits limited cross-reactive ADP to HA in both young and older adults. New influenza vaccination strategies that elicit cross-reactive and polyfunctional antibodies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Ana-Sosa-Batiz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Angus P R Johnston
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Laboratory, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Burnett Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Burnett Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Ian Barr
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Central Clinical School, Monash University, 580 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Melbourne, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Effect of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV-1-specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Responses in Subtype B- and Subtype C-Infected Cohorts. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2017; 75:345-353. [PMID: 28346319 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing interest in immune therapies to clear the latent HIV-1 after combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). There is limited information on the effect of cART on antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and no studies have directly compared ADCC in HIV-1 subtype B- and subtype C-infected subjects. The effect of improving immunocompetence on ADCC to influenza also remains unexplored. METHODS The effect of cART on HIV-1- and influenza-specific ADCC was analyzed in 2 cohorts (39 subtype B- and 47 subtype C-infected subjects) before and after 2 years of cART. ADCC analyses included an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based dimeric recombinant soluble (rs) FcγRIIIa-binding assay, antibody-dependent natural killer cell activation assay, and ADCC-mediated killing assays. RESULTS HIV-1 subtype B and C Env-specific antibody binding to dimeric rsFcγRIIIa were reduced in subtypes B- and C-infected cohorts after 2 years of cART (both P < 0.05). Reduced ADCC-mediated killing of target cells expressing subtype B Env in the subtype B-infected cohort (P = 0.003) was observed after 96 weeks of cART, but not of subtype C Env in the subtype C-infected cohort. A greater reduction in ADCC was detected in subjects with baseline CD4 counts >300 cells/μL (P < 0.05). The resolving immunodeficiency after 96 weeks of cART resulted in improved HA-specific ADCC to 6 strains of influenza (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS cART results in HIV-1 antigen loss and reductions in HIV-1 Env-specific antibodies with Fc functionality in both subtype B- and C-infected subjects, particularly in immunocompetent subjects. Simultaneously, cART improves ADCC to diverse strains of influenza, suggesting reduction in influenza disease after cART.
Collapse
|
35
|
HIV-1 Env- and Vpu-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Responses Associated with Elite Control of HIV. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.00700-17. [PMID: 28701393 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00700-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying HIV-infected individuals who control HIV replication (elite controllers [ECs]) enables exploration of effective anti-HIV immunity. HIV Env-specific and non-Env-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) may contribute to protection from progressive HIV infection, but the evidence is limited. We recruited 22 ECs and matched them with 44 viremic subjects. HIV Env- and Vpu-specific ADCC responses in sera were studied using a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based dimeric recombinant soluble FcγRIIIa (rsFcγRIIIa)-binding assay, surface plasmon resonance, antibody-dependent natural killer (NK) cell activation assays, and ADCC-mediated killing assays. ECs had higher levels of HIV Env-specific antibodies capable of binding FcγRIIIa, activating NK cells, and mediating granzyme B activity (all P < 0.01) than viremic subjects. ECs also had higher levels of antibodies against a C-terminal 13-mer Vpu peptide capable of mediating FcγRIIIa binding and NK cell activation than viremic subjects (both P < 0.05). Our data associate Env-specific and Vpu epitope-specific ADCC in effective immune responses against HIV among ECs. Our findings have implications for understanding the role of ADCC in HIV control.IMPORTANCE Understanding immune responses associated with elite control of HIV may aid the development of immunotherapeutic and vaccine strategies for controlling HIV infection. Env is a major HIV protein target of functional antibody responses that are heightened in ECs. Interestingly, EC antibodies also target Vpu, an accessory protein crucial to HIV, which degrades CD4 and antagonizes tetherin. Antibodies specific to Vpu are a common feature of the immune response of ECs that may prove to be of functional importance to the design of improved ADCC-based immunotherapy and preventative HIV vaccines.
Collapse
|
36
|
Li Y, Lin Z, Guo M, Xia Y, Zhao M, Wang C, Xu T, Chen T, Zhu B. Inhibitory activity of selenium nanoparticles functionalized with oseltamivir on H1N1 influenza virus. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5733-5743. [PMID: 28848350 PMCID: PMC5557909 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s140939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As an effective antiviral agent, the clinical application of oseltamivir (OTV) is limited by the appearance of drug-resistant viruses. Due to their low toxicity and excellent activity, the antiviral capabilities of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. To overcome the limitation of drug resistance, the use of modified NPs with biologics to explore novel anti-influenza drugs is developing rapidly. In this study, OTV surface-modified SeNPs with superior antiviral properties and restriction on drug resistance were synthesized. OTV decoration of SeNPs (Se@OTV) obviously inhibited H1N1 infection and had less toxicity. Se@OTV interfered with the H1N1 influenza virus to host cells through inhibiting the activity of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. The mechanism was that Se@OTV was able to prevent H1N1 from infecting MDCK cells and block chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, Se@OTV inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of p53 phosphorylation and Akt. These results demonstrate that Se@OTV is a promising efficient antiviral pharmaceutical for H1N1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Li
- Virus Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Zhengfang Lin
- Virus Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Min Guo
- Virus Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Yu Xia
- Virus Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Mingqi Zhao
- Virus Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Changbing Wang
- Virus Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Virus Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Virus Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Nehul S, Kulkarni A, Pawar S, Godbole S, Ghate M, Thakar M. Cross-reactive influenza-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity-mediating antibodies in HIV-infected Indian individuals. Infect Dis (Lond) 2017; 50:35-43. [PMID: 28776433 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2017.1361547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influenza-specific antibodies mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) may be important in protection against influenza. However, it is not known whether immunocompromised individuals such as HIV-infected persons who have never been vaccinated with influenza vaccine have such a response. METHODS The anti-influenza ADCC responses were investigated in plasma samples from 50 HIV positive persons [25 long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) and 25 progressors] and from 20 HIV-uninfected healthy individuals. None of the participants had received influenza vaccine. RESULTS The frequencies and the magnitude of ADCC responses against two influenza A virus strains (pH1N1-A/California/7/2009 and H3N2-A/Brisbane/10/2007) were comparable in HIV-infected individuals and in healthy controls (p > .05). However, the magnitude of the ADCC response was slightly higher in LTNPs than in progressors (p = .025). The level of ADCC antibodies against pH1N1 and H3N2 correlated significantly indicating the cross-reactive nature of these antibodies (p < .0001). Additionally, the level of these ADCC antibodies was significantly associated with antibodies against the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus (H5N1-A/Chicken/India/NIV/33487/2007). CONCLUSION This is the first report of anti-influenza ADCC antibodies in HIV-infected Indian individuals. Identification of cross-reactive ADCC epitopes in HIV-infected individuals could improve the design of influenza vaccine for immunocompromised individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanketkumar Nehul
- a National AIDS Research Institute , Pune , India.,b National Institute of Virology , Pune , India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang CZ, Han HH, Tang XY, Zhou DM, Wu C, Chen GR, He XP, Tian H. Sialylglycan-Assembled Supra-Dots for Ratiometric Probing and Blocking of Human-Infecting Influenza Viruses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:25164-25170. [PMID: 28703004 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The seasonal outbreak of influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide because a number of influenza virus (IV) strains have been shown to infect and circulate in humans. Development of effective means to timely monitor as well as block IVs is still a challenging task. Whereas conventional fluorescence probes rely on a fluorimetric change upon recognizing IVs, here we developed simple "Supra-dots" that are formed through the aqueous supramolecular assembly between a blue-emitting polymer dot and red-emitting sialylglycan probes for the ratiometric detection of IVs. Tuning the Förster resonance energy transfer from polymer dots to glycan probes by selective sialylglycan-virus recognition enables the fluorescence ratiometric determination of IVs, whereas the presence of unselective, control viruses quenched the fluorescence of the Supra-dots. Meanwhile, we show that the Supra-dots can effectively inhibit the invasion of a human-infecting IV toward a human cell line, thereby making possible a unique bifunctional, supramolecular probe for influenza theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Hao Han
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ying Tang
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Ming Zhou
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Changfeng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 510855, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Peng He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Vanderven HA, Liu L, Ana-Sosa-Batiz F, Nguyen TH, Wan Y, Wines B, Hogarth PM, Tilmanis D, Reynaldi A, Parsons MS, Hurt AC, Davenport MP, Kotsimbos T, Cheng AC, Kedzierska K, Zhang X, Xu J, Kent SJ. Fc functional antibodies in humans with severe H7N9 and seasonal influenza. JCI Insight 2017; 2:92750. [PMID: 28679958 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both seasonal and novel avian influenza viruses can result in severe infections requiring hospitalization. Anti-influenza antibodies (Abs) with Fc-mediated effector functions, such as Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), are of growing interest in control of influenza but have not previously been studied during severe human infections. As such, the objective of this study was to examine Fc-mediated Ab functions in humans hospitalized with influenza infection. METHODS Serum Ab response was studied in subjects hospitalized with either pandemic H7N9 avian influenza virus in China (n = 18) or circulating seasonal influenza viruses in Melbourne, Australia (n = 16). Recombinant soluble Fc receptor dimer ELISAs, natural killer (NK) cell activation assays, and Ab-dependent killing assays with influenza-infected target cells were used to assess the Fc functionality of anti-influenza hemagglutinin (HA) Abs during severe human influenza infection. RESULTS We found that the peak generation of Fc functional HA Abs preceded that of neutralizing Abs for both severe H7N9 and seasonal influenza infections. Subjects who succumbed to complications of H7N9 infection demonstrated reduced HA-specific Fc receptor-binding Abs (in magnitude and breadth) immediately prior to death compared with those who survived. Subjects who recovered from H7N9 and severe seasonal influenza infections demonstrated increased Fc receptor-binding Abs not only against the homologous infecting strain but against HAs from different influenza A subtypes. CONCLUSION Collectively, survivors of severe influenza infection rapidly generate a functional Ab response capable of mediating ADCC against divergent influenza viruses. Broadly binding HA Abs with Fc-mediated functions may be a useful component of protective immunity to severe influenza infection. FUNDING The National Health and Medical Research Council ([NHMRC] grants 1023294, 1041832, and 1071916), the Australian Department of Health, and the joint University of Melbourne/Fudan University International Research and Research Training Fund provided funding for this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lu Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre (SPHCC) and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fernanda Ana-Sosa-Batiz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thi Ho Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yanmin Wan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre (SPHCC) and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bruce Wines
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Danielle Tilmanis
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew S Parsons
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aeron C Hurt
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tom Kotsimbos
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allen C Cheng
- Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology Unit, Alfred Health and School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre (SPHCC) and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre (SPHCC) and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Morrison BJ, Roman JA, Luke TC, Nagabhushana N, Raviprakash K, Williams M, Sun P. Antibody-dependent NK cell degranulation as a marker for assessing antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection in human plasma and influenza-vaccinated transchromosomic bovine intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. J Virol Methods 2017. [PMID: 28624584 PMCID: PMC7113754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Assay that assesses influenza antibodies capable of NK cell degranulation. Description of NK cell degranulation titer determination by CD107a expression. Positive correlation between influenza HAI titers and NK cell degranulation titers. Transchromosomic bovine intravenous immunoglobulin therapy has high NK cell titer.
This study describes an antibody-dependent NK cell degranulation assay, as a biomarker to assess antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response in influenza plasma and for antibody therapies against influenza infection. The concentration of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the hemagglutinin receptor of influenza viruses is a current determinant in protection against infection, particularly following receipt of the seasonal influenza vaccine. However, this is a limited assessment of protection, because: (i) NAb titers that incur full protection vary; and (ii) NAb titers do not account for the entire breadth of antibody responses against viral infection. Previous reports have indicated that antibodies that prime ADCC play a vital role in controlling influenza infections, and thus should be quantified for assessing protection against influenza. This report demonstrates a non-radioactive assay that assesses NK cell activation as a marker of ADCC, in which NK cells interact with opsonized viral antigen expressed on the surface of infected Raji target cells resulting in effector cell degranulation (surrogate CD107a expression). A positive correlation was determined between HAI titers and sustained NK cell activation, although NK cell activation was seen in plasma samples with HAI titers below 40 and varied amongst samples with high HAI titers. Furthermore, sustained NK cell degranulation was determined for influenza-vaccinated transchromosomic bovine intravenous immunoglobulin, indicating the potential utility of this therapy for influenza treatment. We conclude that this assay is reproducible and relevant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Morrison
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Jessica A Roman
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Thomas C Luke
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nishith Nagabhushana
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kanakatte Raviprakash
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Maya Williams
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Peifang Sun
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
McLean MR, Madhavi V, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Chung AW, Kent SJ. Dimeric Fcγ Receptor Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay To Study HIV-Specific Antibodies: A New Look into Breadth of Fcγ Receptor Antibodies Induced by the RV144 Vaccine Trial. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:816-826. [PMID: 28615419 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses are of growing interest in the HIV vaccine field but current cell-based assays are usually difficult to reproduce across laboratories. We developed an ELISA and multiplex assay to model the cross-linking of Fcγ receptors (FcγR) by Abs, which is required to initiate an ADCC response. Our FcγR dimer ELISA readily detected Abs in samples from two separate cohorts of the partially efficacious Thai RV144 HIV vaccine efficacy trial. The FcγR dimer-binding Abs induced by the RV144 regimen correlated well with a functional measure of ADCC as well as IgG subclasses. The high-throughput multiplex assay allowed us to simultaneously measure FcγR dimer-binding Abs to 32 different HIV Ags, providing a measure of the breadth of FcγR-binding Abs induced by the RV144 trial. FcγR-binding Abs specific to V regions 1 and 2 were strongly associated with increased breadth of recognition of different Env proteins, suggesting anti-V regions 1 and 2 Abs may be a marker of ADCC breadth. This FcγR dimer provides an important tool for the further analysis and refinement of ADCC-inducing HIV and other antiviral vaccine regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milla R McLean
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Vijaya Madhavi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia;
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; .,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia; and.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kratochvil S, McKay PF, Kopycinski JT, Bishop C, Hayes PJ, Muir L, Pinder CL, Cizmeci D, King D, Aldon Y, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Chung AW, Kent SJ, Held K, Geldmacher C, Dally L, Santos NS, Cole T, Gilmour J, Fidler S, Shattock RJ. A Phase 1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Trial for Cross-Profiling the Kinetics of Serum and Mucosal Antibody Responses to CN54gp140 Modulated by Two Homologous Prime-Boost Vaccine Regimens. Front Immunol 2017; 8:595. [PMID: 28596770 PMCID: PMC5442169 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A key aspect to finding an efficacious human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine is the optimization of vaccine schedules that can mediate the efficient maturation of protective immune responses. In the present study, we investigated the effect of alternate booster regimens on the immune responses to a candidate HIV-1 clade C CN54gp140 envelope protein, which was coadministered with the TLR4-agonist glucopyranosyl lipid A-aqueous formulation. Twelve study participants received a common three-dose intramuscular priming series followed by a final booster at either 6 or 12 months. The two homologous prime-boost regimens were well tolerated and induced CN54gp140-specific responses that were observed in both the systemic and mucosal compartments. Levels of vaccine-induced IgG-subclass antibodies correlated significantly with FcγR engagement, and both vaccine regimens were associated with strikingly similar patterns in antibody titer and FcγR-binding profiles. In both groups, identical changes in the antigen (Ag)-specific IgG-subclass fingerprint, leading to a decrease in IgG1 and an increase in IgG4 levels, were modulated by booster injections. Here, the dissection of immune profiles further supports the notion that prime-boost strategies are essential for the induction of diverse Ag-specific HIV-1 responses. The results reported here clearly demonstrate that identical responses were effectively and safely induced by both vaccine regimens, indicating that an accelerated 6-month regimen could be employed for the rapid induction of immune responses against CN54gp140 with no apparent impact on the overall quality of the induced immune response. (This study has been registered at http://ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01966900.)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cynthia Bishop
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Luke Muir
- Imperial College London, Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Yoann Aldon
- Imperial College London, Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathrin Held
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Christof Geldmacher
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Len Dally
- Emmes Corporation, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nelson S Santos
- NIHR/Wellcome Trust Imperial Clinical Research Facility Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tom Cole
- NIHR/Wellcome Trust Imperial Clinical Research Facility Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jegaskanda S, Vanderven HA, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ. Fc or not Fc; that is the question: Antibody Fc-receptor interactions are key to universal influenza vaccine design. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:1-9. [PMID: 28332900 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1290018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A universal vaccine that provides long-lasting protection from both epidemic and pandemic influenza viruses remains the "holy grail" of influenza vaccine research. Though virus neutralization assays are the current benchmark of measuring vaccine effectiveness, it is clear that Fc-receptor functions can drastically improve the effectiveness of antibodies and vaccines in vivo. Antibodies that kill virus-infected cells and/or elicit an antiviral environment, termed antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating antibodies, provide a link between the innate and adaptive immune response. New technologies allowing the rapid isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have yielded a plethora of mAbs which target conserved regions of influenza virus, such as the hemagglutinin (HA) stem region. Many such mAbs have been used to gain a better understanding of Fc-receptor functions in vivo. In parallel, several studies have characterized the induction of polyclonal ADCC following influenza vaccination and infection in humans. Taken together, these studies suggest that ADCC-mediating antibodies (ADCC-Abs) significantly contribute to host immunity against influenza virus and may be a mechanism to exploit for rational vaccine and therapeutic design. We discuss recent research on influenza-specific ADCC and potential future avenues to extend our understanding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinthujan Jegaskanda
- a Department of Microbiology and Immunology , University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Hillary A Vanderven
- a Department of Microbiology and Immunology , University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- a Department of Microbiology and Immunology , University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- a Department of Microbiology and Immunology , University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia.,b ARC Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia.,c Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Feldman C, Anderson R, Rossouw T. HIV-related pneumococcal disease prevention in adults. Expert Rev Respir Med 2017; 11:181-199. [PMID: 28228053 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2017.1289841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HIV-infected persons are particularly susceptible to the development of severe pneumococcal disease, even in the setting of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), due to slow, incomplete recovery of anti-pneumococcal host defenses. This risk is increased by avoidable aspects of lifestyle, particularly smoking, which intensify immunosuppression. Clearly, more effective preventive measures are needed to counter this threat. Areas covered: This is a detailed review of the published literature focusing on currently available strategies for prevention of pneumococcal infection in HIV-infected patients, including cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, cART, pneumococcal vaccination, and smoking cessation strategies. This is preceded by a consideration of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, risk factors, and outcome of pneumococcal disease. Expert commentary: Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients, although there is inconsistent data on the preventive efficacy against pneumococcal infections. Some recent studies have documented unchanged incidences of IPD in adult patients in the cART era. With regard to pneumococcal vaccination, routine acceptance of the efficacy of the PCV13/PPV23 sequential administration prime-boost strategy awaits the outcome of clinical trials in those with HIV infection. Smoking cessation, and discontinuation of excessive alcohol consumption and intravenous drug abuse, are priority strategies to prevent severe pneumococcal infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Feldman
- a Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences , University of the Witwatersrand Medical School , Johannesburg , South Africa
| | - Ronald Anderson
- b Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| | - Theresa Rossouw
- b Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Vanderven HA, Jegaskanda S, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and influenza virus. Curr Opin Virol 2017; 22:89-96. [PMID: 28088123 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies are a key defence against influenza infection and disease, but neutralizing antibodies are often strain-specific and of limited utility against divergent or pandemic viruses. There is now considerable evidence that influenza-specific antibodies with Fc-mediated effector functions, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), can assist in the clearance of influenza infection in vitro and in animal models. Further, ADCC-mediating antibodies that recognize a broad array of influenza strains are common in humans, likely as a result of being regularly exposed to influenza infections. The concept that influenza-specific ADCC can assist in the partial control of influenza infections in humans is gaining momentum. This review examines the utility of influenza-specific ADCC antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sinthujan Jegaskanda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Clinic and Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Hospital, Monash University Central Clinical School, Carlton, Victoria, Australia; ARC Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Liu H, Frijlink HW, Huckriede A, van Doorn E, Schmidt E, Leroy O, Rimmelzwaan G, McCullough K, Whelan M, Hak E. Influenza Vaccine Research funded by the European Commission FP7-Health-2013-Innovation-1 project. Vaccine 2016; 34:5845-5854. [PMID: 27793486 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Due to influenza viruses continuously displaying antigenic variation, current seasonal influenza vaccines must be updated annually to include the latest predicted strains. Despite all the efforts put into vaccine strain selection, vaccine production, testing, and administration, the protective efficacy of seasonal influenza vaccines is greatly reduced when predicted vaccine strains antigenically mismatch with the actual circulating strains. Moreover, preparing for a pandemic outbreak is a challenge, because it is unpredictable which strain will cause the next pandemic. The European Commission has funded five consortia on influenza vaccine development under the Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (FP7) in 2013. The call of the EU aimed at developing broadly protective influenza vaccines. Here we review the scientific strategies used by the different consortia with respect to antigen selection, vaccine delivery system, and formulation. The issues related to the development of novel influenza vaccines are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liu
- Department of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Henderik W Frijlink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Huckriede
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van Doorn
- Department of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ed Schmidt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Odile Leroy
- European Vaccine Initiative (EEIG), Im Neuerheimer Feld 307, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guus Rimmelzwaan
- Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam (EMC), Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Keneth McCullough
- The Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Sensemattstrasse 293, CH-3147 Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
| | - Mike Whelan
- iQur Limited, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, 2 Royal College Street, NW1-0NH London, United Kingdom
| | - Eelko Hak
- Department of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li Y, Lin Z, Zhao M, Xu T, Wang C, Hua L, Wang H, Xia H, Zhu B. Silver Nanoparticle Based Codelivery of Oseltamivir to Inhibit the Activity of the H1N1 Influenza Virus through ROS-Mediated Signaling Pathways. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:24385-93. [PMID: 27588566 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As the therapeutic agent for antiviral applications, the clinical use of oseltamivir is limited with the appearance of drug-resistant viruses. It is important to explore novel anti-influenza drugs. The antiviral activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has attracted increasing attention in recent years and was a possibility to be employed as a biomedical intervention. Herein, we describe the synthesis of surface decoration of AgNPs by using oseltamivir (OTV) with antiviral properties and inhibition of drug resistance. Compared to silver and oseltamivir, oseltamivir-modified AgNPs (Ag@OTV) have remarkable inhibition against H1N1 infection, and less toxicity was found for MDCK cells by controlled-potential electrolysis (CPE), MTT, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, Ag@OTV inhibited the activity of neuraminidase (NA) and hemagglutinin (HA) and then prevented the attachment of the H1N1 influenza virus to host cells. The investigations of the mechanism revealed that Ag@OTV could block H1N1 from infecting MDCK cells and prevent DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and the activity of caspase-3. Ag@OTV remarkably inhibited the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the H1N1 virus and activation of AKT and p53 phosphorylation. Silver nanoparticle based codelivery of oseltamivir inhibits the activity of the H1N1 influenza virus through ROS-mediated signaling pathways. These findings demonstrate that Ag@OTV is a novel promising efficient virucide for H1N1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Li
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhengfang Lin
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mingqi Zhao
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Changbing Wang
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liang Hua
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Xia
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wheatley AK, Kristensen AB, Lay WN, Kent SJ. HIV-dependent depletion of influenza-specific memory B cells impacts B cell responsiveness to seasonal influenza immunisation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26478. [PMID: 27220898 PMCID: PMC4879526 DOI: 10.1038/srep26478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with HIV drives significant alterations in B cell phenotype and function that can markedly influence antibody responses to immunisation. Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) can partially reverse many aspects of B cell dysregulation, however complete normalisation of vaccine responsiveness is not always observed. Here we examine the effects of underlying HIV infection upon humoral immunity to seasonal influenza vaccines. Serological and memory B cell responses were assessed in 26 HIV+ subjects receiving ART and 30 healthy controls immunised with the 2015 Southern Hemisphere trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3). Frequencies and phenotypes of influenza hemagglutinin (HA)-specific B cells were assessed by flow cytometry using recombinant HA probes. Serum antibody was measured using hemagglutination inhibition assays. Serological responses to IIV3 were comparable between HIV+ and HIV− subjects. Likewise, the activation and expansion of memory B cell populations specific for vaccine-component influenza strains was observed in both cohorts, however peak frequencies were diminished in HIV+ subjects compared to uninfected controls. Lower circulating frequencies of memory B cells recognising vaccine-component and historical influenza strains were observed in HIV+ subjects at baseline, that were generally restored to levels comparable with HIV− controls post-vaccination. HIV infection is therefore associated with depletion of selected HA-specific memory B cell pools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Anne B Kristensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - William N Lay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Li Y, Lin Z, Zhao M, Guo M, Xu T, Wang C, Xia H, Zhu B. Reversal of H1N1 influenza virus-induced apoptosis by silver nanoparticles functionalized with amantadine. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18493f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversal of H1N1 influenza virus-induced apoptosis by silver nanoparticles functionalized with amantadine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Li
- Center Laboratory
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Zhengfang Lin
- Center Laboratory
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Mingqi Zhao
- Center Laboratory
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Min Guo
- Center Laboratory
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Center Laboratory
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Changbing Wang
- Center Laboratory
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Huimin Xia
- Center Laboratory
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Center Laboratory
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
- Guangzhou Medical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|