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Schreiber P, Friedrich AK, Gruber G, Nusshag C, Boegelein L, Essbauer S, Uhrig J, Zeier M, Krautkrämer E. Differences in the Susceptibility of Human Tubular Epithelial Cells for Infection with Orthohantaviruses. Viruses 2023; 15:1670. [PMID: 37632012 PMCID: PMC10459294 DOI: 10.3390/v15081670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases induced by infection with pathogenic orthohantaviruses are characterized by a pronounced organ-specific manifestation. Pathogenic Eurasian orthohantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) with often massive proteinuria. Therefore, the use of a relevant kidney cell culture would be favorable to analyze the underlying cellular mechanisms of orthohantavirus-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). We tested different human tubular epithelial cell lines for their suitability as an in vitro infection model. Permissiveness and replication kinetics of highly pathogenic Hantaan virus (HTNV) and non-/low-pathogenic Tula virus (TULV) were analyzed in tubular epithelial cell lines and compared to human primary tubular epithelial cells. Ana-lysis of the cell line HK-2 revealed the same results for viral replication, morphological and functional effects as observed for HTNV in primary cells. In contrast, the cell lines RPTEC/TERT1 and TH1 demonstrated only poor infection rates after inoculation with HTNV and are unusable as an infection model. While pathogenic HNTV infects primary tubular and HK-2 cells, non-/low-pathogenic TULV infects neither primary tubular cells nor the cell line HK-2. Our results show that permissiveness of renal cells varies between orthohantaviruses with differences in pathogenicity and that HK-2 cells demonstrate a suitable in vitro model to study viral tropism and pathogenesis of orthohantavirus-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Schreiber
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gefion Gruber
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Nusshag
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Boegelein
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Essbauer
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Department Virology and Intracellular Agents, German Centre for Infection Research, Munich Partner Site, D-80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Josephine Uhrig
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Menke L, Sperber HS, Aji AK, Chiantia S, Schwarzer R, Sieben C. Advances in fluorescence microscopy for orthohantavirus research. Microscopy (Oxf) 2023:6987530. [PMID: 36639937 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfac075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses are important zoonotic pathogens responsible for a considerable disease burden globally. Partly due to our incomplete understanding of orthohantavirus replication, there is currently no effective antiviral treatment available. Recently, novel microscopy techniques and cutting-edge, automated image analysis algorithms have emerged, enabling to study cellular, subcellular and even molecular processes in unprecedented detail and depth. To date, fluorescence light microscopy allows us to visualize viral and cellular components and macromolecular complexes in live cells which in turn enables the study of specific steps of the viral replication cycle such as particle entry or protein trafficking at high temporal and spatial resolution. In this review, we highlight how fluorescence microscopy has provided new insights and improved our understanding of orthohantavirus biology. We discuss technical challenges such as studying live infected cells, give alternatives with recombinant protein expression and highlight future opportunities for example the application of super-resolution microscopy techniques, which has shown great potential in studies of different cellular processes and viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Menke
- Nanoscale Infection Biology Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hannah S Sperber
- Institute for Translational HIV Research, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Amit Koikkarah Aji
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Roland Schwarzer
- Institute for Translational HIV Research, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Sieben
- Nanoscale Infection Biology Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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Nusshag C, Boegelein L, Schreiber P, Essbauer S, Osberghaus A, Zeier M, Krautkrämer E. Expression Profile of Human Renal Mesangial Cells Is Altered by Infection with Pathogenic Puumala Orthohantavirus. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040823. [PMID: 35458553 PMCID: PMC9025590 DOI: 10.3390/v14040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) with proteinuria is a hallmark of infections with Eurasian orthohantaviruses. Different kidney cells are identified as target cells of hantaviruses. Mesangial cells may play a central role in the pathogenesis of AKI by regulation of inflammatory mediators and signaling cascades. Therefore, we examined the characteristics of hantavirus infection on human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs). Receptor expression and infection with pathogenic Puumala virus (PUUV) and low-pathogenic Tula virus (TULV) were explored. To analyze changes in protein expression in infected mesangial cells, we performed a proteome profiler assay analyzing 38 markers of kidney damage. We compared the proteome profile of in vitro-infected HRMCs with the profile detected in urine samples of 11 patients with acute hantavirus infection. We observed effective productive infection of HRMCs with pathogenic PUUV, but only poor abortive infection for low-pathogenic TULV. PUUV infection resulted in the deregulation of proteases, adhesion proteins, and cytokines associated with renal damage. The urinary proteome profile of hantavirus patients demonstrated also massive changes, which in part correspond to the alterations observed in the in vitro infection of HRMCs. The direct infection of mesangial cells may induce a local environment of signal mediators that contributes to AKI in hantavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nusshag
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Lukas Boegelein
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Pamela Schreiber
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Sandra Essbauer
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Department Virology and Intracellular Agents, German Centre for Infection Research, Munich Partner Site, D-80937 Munich, Germany;
| | - Anja Osberghaus
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Ashique S, Sandhu NK, Das S, Haque SN, Koley K. Global Comprehensive Outlook of Hantavirus Contagion on Humans: A Review. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:e050122199975. [PMID: 34986775 DOI: 10.2174/1871526522666220105110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are rodent viruses that have been identified as etiologic agents of 2 diseases of humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and nephropathiaepidemica (NE) in the Old World and Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the New World. Orthohantavirus is a genus of sin- gle-stranded, enveloped, negative-sense RNA viruses in the family Hantaviridae of the order Bunyavi- rales. The important reservoir of Hantaviruses is rodents. Each virus serotype has its unique rodent host species and is transmitted to human beings with the aid of aerosolized virus, which is shed in urine, fae- ces and saliva and hardly by a bite of the contaminated host. Andes virus is the only Hantavirus identified to be transmitted from human-to-human and its major signs and symptoms include fever, headache, mus- cle aches, lungs filled with fluid etc. In the early 1993, this viral syndrome appeared in the Four Cor- ner location in the south western United States. The only accepted therapeutics for this virus is Ribavirin. Recently, serological examinations to identify Hantavirus antibodies have become most popular for in- vestigation among humans and rodent reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumel Ashique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Navjot K Sandhu
- Department of Pharmaceuti- cal Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Supratim Das
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sk Niyamul Haque
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Gurunanak Insti- tute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal-700110, India
| | - Kartick Koley
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Gurunanak Insti- tute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal-700110, India
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Hägele S, Nusshag C, Müller A, Baumann A, Zeier M, Krautkrämer E. Cells of the human respiratory tract support the replication of pathogenic Old World orthohantavirus Puumala. Virol J 2021; 18:169. [PMID: 34404450 PMCID: PMC8369447 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transmission of all known pathogenic orthohantaviruses (family Hantaviridae) usually occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with viral particles derived from infected rodents and organ manifestation of infections is characterized by lung and kidney involvement. Orthohantaviruses found in Eurasia cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and New World orthohantaviruses cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). However, cases of infection with Old World orthohantaviruses with severe pulmonary manifestations have also been observed. Therefore, human airway cells may represent initial targets for orthohantavirus infection and may also play a role in the pathogenesis of infections with Eurasian orthohantaviruses. METHODS We analyzed the permissiveness of primary endothelial cells of the human pulmonary microvasculature and of primary human epithelial cells derived from bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli for Old World orthohantavirus Puumala virus (PUUV) in vitro. In addition, we examined the expression of orthohantaviral receptors in these cell types. To minimize donor-specific effects, cells from two different donors were tested for each cell type. RESULTS Productive infection with PUUV was observed for endothelial cells of the microvasculature and for the three tested epithelial cell types derived from different sites of the respiratory tract. Interestingly, infection and particle release were also detected in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells although expression of the orthohantaviral receptor integrin β3 was not detectable in these cell types. In addition, replication kinetics and viral release demonstrate enormous donor-specific variations. CONCLUSIONS The human respiratory epithelium is among the first targets of orthohantaviral infection and may contribute to virus replication, dissemination and pathogenesis of HFRS-causing orthohantaviruses. Differences in initial pulmonary infection due to donor-specific factors may play a role in the observed broad variance of severity and symptoms of orthohantavirus disease in patients. The absence of detectable levels of integrin αVβ3 surface expression on bronchial and small airway epithelial cells indicates an alternate mode of orthohantaviral entry in these cells that is independent from integrin β3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hägele
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Nusshag
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Müller
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Baumann
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Meier K, Thorkelsson SR, Quemin ERJ, Rosenthal M. Hantavirus Replication Cycle-An Updated Structural Virology Perspective. Viruses 2021; 13:1561. [PMID: 34452426 PMCID: PMC8402763 DOI: 10.3390/v13081561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses infect a wide range of hosts including insectivores and rodents and can also cause zoonotic infections in humans, which can lead to severe disease with possible fatal outcomes. Hantavirus outbreaks are usually linked to the population dynamics of the host animals and their habitats being in close proximity to humans, which is becoming increasingly important in a globalized world. Currently there is neither an approved vaccine nor a specific and effective antiviral treatment available for use in humans. Hantaviruses belong to the order Bunyavirales with a tri-segmented negative-sense RNA genome. They encode only five viral proteins and replicate and transcribe their genome in the cytoplasm of infected cells. However, many details of the viral amplification cycle are still unknown. In recent years, structural biology methods such as cryo-electron tomography, cryo-electron microscopy, and crystallography have contributed essentially to our understanding of virus entry by membrane fusion as well as genome encapsidation by the nucleoprotein. In this review, we provide an update on the hantavirus replication cycle with a special focus on structural virology aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Meier
- Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Sigurdur R. Thorkelsson
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, University of Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Emmanuelle R. J. Quemin
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, University of Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Maria Rosenthal
- Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany;
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
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Kim WK, Cho S, Lee SH, No JS, Lee GY, Park K, Lee D, Jeong ST, Song JW. Genomic Epidemiology and Active Surveillance to Investigate Outbreaks of Hantaviruses. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:532388. [PMID: 33489927 PMCID: PMC7819890 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.532388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses pose significant public health, economic, and societal burdens. Hantaviruses (genus Orthohantavirus, family Hantaviridae, order Bunyavirales) are enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded, tripartite RNA viruses that are emerging zoonotic pathogens harbored by small mammals such as rodents, bats, moles, and shrews. Orthohantavirus infections cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in humans (HCPS). Active targeted surveillance has elucidated high-resolution phylogeographic relationships between patient- and rodent-derived orthohantavirus genome sequences and identified the infection source by temporally and spatially tracking viral genomes. Active surveillance of patients with HFRS entails 1) recovering whole-genome sequences of Hantaan virus (HTNV) using amplicon (multiplex PCR-based) next-generation sequencing, 2) tracing the putative infection site of a patient by administering an epidemiological questionnaire, and 3) collecting HTNV-positive rodents using targeted rodent trapping. Moreover, viral genome tracking has been recently performed to rapidly and precisely characterize an outbreak from the emerging virus. Here, we reviewed genomic epidemiological and active surveillance data for determining the emergence of zoonotic RNA viruses based on viral genomic sequences obtained from patients and natural reservoirs. This review highlights the recent studies on tracking viral genomes for identifying and characterizing emerging viral outbreaks worldwide. We believe that active surveillance is an effective method for identifying rodent-borne orthohantavirus infection sites, and this report provides insights into disease mitigation and preparedness for managing emerging viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seungchan Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Sun No
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geum-Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungmin Park
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daesang Lee
- 4th R&D Institute, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seong Tae Jeong
- 4th R&D Institute, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Surtees R, Stern D, Ahrens K, Kromarek N, Lander A, Kreher P, Weiss S, Hewson R, Punch EK, Barr JN, Witkowski PT, Couacy-Hymann E, Marzi A, Dorner BG, Kurth A. Development of a multiplex microsphere immunoassay for the detection of antibodies against highly pathogenic viruses in human and animal serum samples. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008699. [PMID: 33095766 PMCID: PMC7641473 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Surveillance of highly pathogenic viruses circulating in both human and animal populations is crucial to unveil endemic infections and potential zoonotic reservoirs. Monitoring the burden of disease by serological assay could be used as an early warning system for imminent outbreaks as an increased seroprevalance often precedes larger outbreaks. However, the multitude of highly pathogenic viruses necessitates the need to identify specific antibodies against several targets from both humans as well as from potential reservoir animals such as bats. In order to address this, we have developed a broadly reactive multiplex microsphere immunoassay (MMIA) for the detection of antibodies against several highly pathogenic viruses from both humans and animals. To this aim, nucleoproteins (NP) of Ebola virus (EBOV), Marburg virus (MARV) and nucleocapsid proteins (NP) of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus, Rift Valley fever virus and Dobrava-Belgrade hantavirus were employed in a 5-plex assay for IgG detection. After optimisation, specific binding to each respective NP was shown by testing sera from humans and non-human primates with known infection status. The usefulness of our assay for serosurveillance was shown by determining the immune response against the NP antigens in a panel of 129 human serum samples collected in Guinea between 2011 and 2012 in comparison to a panel of 88 sera from the German blood bank. We found good agreement between our MMIA and commercial or in-house reference methods by ELISA or IIFT with statistically significant higher binding to both EBOV NP and MARV NP coupled microspheres in the Guinea panel. Finally, the MMIA was successfully adapted to detect antibodies from bats that had been inoculated with EBOV- and MARV- virus-like particles, highlighting the versatility of this technique and potentially enabling the monitoring of wildlife as well as human populations with this assay. We were thus able to develop and validate a sensitive and broadly reactive high-throughput serological assay which could be used as a screening tool to detect antibodies against several highly pathogenic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Surtees
- Biosafety Level-4 Laboratory, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Stern
- Biological Toxins, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Ahrens
- Biosafety Level-4 Laboratory, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Kromarek
- Biosafety Level-4 Laboratory, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Lander
- Biosafety Level-4 Laboratory, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Kreher
- Biosafety Level-4 Laboratory, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Weiss
- Institute of Virology, Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Roger Hewson
- Virology and Pathogenesis Group, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, United Kingdom
| | - Emma K Punch
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - John N Barr
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Peter T Witkowski
- Institute of Virology, Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Marzi
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States of America
| | - Brigitte G Dorner
- Biological Toxins, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Kurth
- Biosafety Level-4 Laboratory, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Kabwe E, Davidyuk Y, Shamsutdinov A, Garanina E, Martynova E, Kitaeva K, Malisheni M, Isaeva G, Savitskaya T, Urbanowicz RA, Morzunov S, Katongo C, Rizvanov A, Khaiboullina S. Orthohantaviruses, Emerging Zoonotic Pathogens. Pathogens 2020; 9:E775. [PMID: 32971887 PMCID: PMC7558059 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9090775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses give rise to the emerging infections such as of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in Eurasia and the Americas, respectively. In this review we will provide a comprehensive analysis of orthohantaviruses distribution and circulation in Eurasia and address the genetic diversity and evolution of Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV), which causes HFRS in this region. Current data indicate that the geographical location and migration of the natural hosts can lead to the orthohantaviruses genetic diversity as the rodents adapt to the new environmental conditions. The data shows that a high level of diversity characterizes the genome of orthohantaviruses, and the PUUV genome is the most divergent. The reasons for the high genome diversity are mainly caused by point mutations and reassortment, which occur in the genome segments. However, it still remains unclear whether this diversity is linked to the disease's severity. We anticipate that the information provided in this review will be useful for optimizing and developing preventive strategies of HFRS, an emerging zoonosis with potentially very high mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kabwe
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
- Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (G.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Yuriy Davidyuk
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Anton Shamsutdinov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Ekaterina Garanina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Ekaterina Martynova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Kristina Kitaeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | | | - Guzel Isaeva
- Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (G.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Tatiana Savitskaya
- Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (G.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Richard A. Urbanowicz
- Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Infections, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK;
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Sergey Morzunov
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Cyprian Katongo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.K.); (Y.D.); (A.S.); (E.G.); (E.M.); (K.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Svetlana Khaiboullina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA;
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Mittler E, Dieterle ME, Kleinfelter LM, Slough MM, Chandran K, Jangra RK. Hantavirus entry: Perspectives and recent advances. Adv Virus Res 2019; 104:185-224. [PMID: 31439149 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are important zoonotic pathogens of public health importance that are found on all continents except Antarctica and are associated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the Old World and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the New World. Despite the significant disease burden they cause, no FDA-approved specific therapeutics or vaccines exist against these lethal viruses. The lack of available interventions is largely due to an incomplete understanding of hantavirus pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of virus replication, including cellular entry. Hantavirus Gn/Gc glycoproteins are the only viral proteins exposed on the surface of virions and are necessary and sufficient to orchestrate virus attachment and entry. In vitro studies have implicated integrins (β1-3), DAF/CD55, and gC1qR as candidate receptors that mediate viral attachment for both Old World and New World hantaviruses. Recently, protocadherin-1 (PCDH1) was demonstrated as a requirement for cellular attachment and entry of New World hantaviruses in vitro and lethal HPS in vivo, making it the first clade-specific host factor to be identified. Attachment of hantavirus particles to cellular receptors induces their internalization by clathrin-mediated, dynamin-independent, or macropinocytosis-like mechanisms, followed by particle trafficking to an endosomal compartment where the fusion of viral and endosomal membranes can occur. Following membrane fusion, which requires cholesterol and acid pH, viral nucleocapsids escape into the cytoplasm and launch genome replication. In this review, we discuss the current mechanistic understanding of hantavirus entry, highlight gaps in our existing knowledge, and suggest areas for future inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mittler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maria Eugenia Dieterle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Lara M Kleinfelter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Megan M Slough
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
| | - Rohit K Jangra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
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11
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Abstract
As successive epidemics have swept the world, the scientific community has quickly learned from them about the emergence and transmission of communicable diseases. Epidemics usually occur when health systems are unprepared. During an unexpected epidemic, health authorities engage in damage control, fear drives action, and the desire to understand the threat is greatest. As humanity recovers, policy-makers seek scientific expertise to improve their "preparedness" to face future events.Global spread of disease is exemplified by the spread of yellow fever from Africa to the Americas, by the spread of dengue fever through transcontinental migration of mosquitos, by the relentless influenza virus pandemics, and, most recently, by the unexpected emergence of Ebola virus, spread by motorbike and long haul carriers. Other pathogens that are remarkable for their epidemic expansions include the arenavirus hemorrhagic fevers and hantavirus diseases carried by rodents over great geographic distances and the arthropod-borne viruses (West Nile, chikungunya and Zika) enabled by ecology and vector adaptations. Did we learn from the past epidemics? Are we prepared for the worst?The ultimate goal is to develop a resilient global health infrastructure. Besides acquiring treatments, vaccines, and other preventive medicine, bio-surveillance is critical to preventing disease emergence and to counteracting its spread. So far, only the western hemisphere has a large and established monitoring system; however, diseases continue to emerge sporadically, in particular in Southeast Asia and South America, illuminating the imperfections of our surveillance. Epidemics destabilize fragile governments, ravage the most vulnerable populations, and threaten the global community.Pandemic risk calculations employ new technologies like computerized maintenance of geographical and historical datasets, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Next Generation sequencing, and Metagenomics to trace the molecular changes in pathogens during their emergence, and mathematical models to assess risk. Predictions help to pinpoint the hot spots of emergence, the populations at risk, and the pathogens under genetic evolution. Preparedness anticipates the risks, the needs of the population, the capacities of infrastructure, the sources of emergency funding, and finally, the international partnerships needed to manage a disaster before it occurs. At present, the world is in an intermediate phase of trying to reduce health disparities despite exponential population growth, political conflicts, migration, global trade, urbanization, and major environmental changes due to global warming. For the sake of humanity, we must focus on developing the necessary capacities for health surveillance, epidemic preparedness, and pandemic response.
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12
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Kim HC, Kim WK, No JS, Lee SH, Gu SH, Chong ST, Klein TA, Song JW. Urban Rodent Surveillance, Climatic Association, and Genomic Characterization of Seoul Virus Collected at U.S. Army Garrison, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 2006-2010. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:470-476. [PMID: 29869603 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodent-borne pathogens pose a critical public health threat in urban areas. An epidemiological survey of urban rodents was conducted from 2006 to 2010 at the U.S. Army Garrison (USAG), Seoul, Republic of Korea (ROK), to determine the prevalence of Seoul virus (SEOV), a rodent-borne hantavirus. A total of 1,950 rodents were captured at USAG, Yongsan, near/in 19.4% (234/1,206) of the numbered buildings. Annual mean rodent infestation rates were the highest for food service facilities, e.g., the Dragon Hill Lodge complex (38.0 rodents) and the Hartell House (18.8 rodents). The brown rat, Rattus norvegicus, accounted for 99.4% (1,939/1,950) of all the rodents captured in the urban area, whereas only 0.6% (11/1,950) of the rodents was house mice (Mus musculus). In November 2006, higher numbers of rats captured were likely associated with climatic factors, e.g., rainfall and temperatures as rats sought harborage in and around buildings. Only 4.7% (34/718) of the rodents assayed for hantaviruses was serologically positive for SEOV. A total of 8.8% (3/34) R. norvegicus were positive for SEOV RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, of which two SEOV strains were completely sequenced and characterized. The 3' and 5' terminal sequences revealed incomplete complementary genomic configuration. Seoul virus strains Rn10-134 and Rn10-145 formed a monophyletic lineage with the prototype SEOV strain 80-39. Seoul virus Medium segment showed the highest evolutionary rates compared with the Large and Small segments. In conclusion, this report provides significant insights into continued rodent-borne disease surveillance programs that identify hantaviruses for analysis of disease risk assessments and development of mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heung-Chul Kim
- Medical Command Activity-Korea, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281, APO AP 96271-5281
| | - Won-Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun No
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hun Gu
- 5th R&D Institute, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Chong
- Medical Command Activity-Korea, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281, APO AP 96271-5281
| | - Terry A Klein
- Medical Command Activity-Korea, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281, APO AP 96271-5281
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Milholland MT, Castro-Arellano I, Suzán G, Garcia-Peña GE, Lee TE, Rohde RE, Alonso Aguirre A, Mills JN. Global Diversity and Distribution of Hantaviruses and Their Hosts. ECOHEALTH 2018; 15:163-208. [PMID: 29713899 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-017-1305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rodents represent 42% of the world's mammalian biodiversity encompassing 2,277 species populating every continent (except Antarctica) and are reservoir hosts for a wide diversity of disease agents. Thus, knowing the identity, diversity, host-pathogen relationships, and geographic distribution of rodent-borne zoonotic pathogens, is essential for predicting and mitigating zoonotic disease outbreaks. Hantaviruses are hosted by numerous rodent reservoirs. However, the diversity of rodents harboring hantaviruses is likely unknown because research is biased toward specific reservoir hosts and viruses. An up-to-date, systematic review covering all known rodent hosts is lacking. Herein, we document gaps in our knowledge of the diversity and distribution of rodent species that host hantaviruses. Of the currently recognized 681 cricetid, 730 murid, 61 nesomyid, and 278 sciurid species, we determined that 11.3, 2.1, 1.6, and 1.1%, respectively, have known associations with hantaviruses. The diversity of hantaviruses hosted by rodents and their distribution among host species supports a reassessment of the paradigm that each virus is associated with a single-host species. We examine these host-virus associations on a global taxonomic and geographical scale with emphasis on the rodent host diversity and distribution. Previous reviews have been centered on the viruses and not the mammalian hosts. Thus, we provide a perspective not previously addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Milholland
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Iván Castro-Arellano
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA.
| | - Gerardo Suzán
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel E Garcia-Peña
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad C3, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México City, Mexico
- UMR MIVEGEC, Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, UMR 5290, CNRS-IRD-Université de Montpellier, Centre de Recherche IRD, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Thomas E Lee
- Department of Biology, Abilene Christian University, ACU Box 27868, Abilene, TX, 79699, USA
| | - Rodney E Rohde
- College of Health Professions, Clinical Laboratory Science Program, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - A Alonso Aguirre
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - James N Mills
- Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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14
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Těšíková J, Bryjová A, Bryja J, Lavrenchenko LA, Goüy de Bellocq J. Hantavirus Strains in East Africa Related to Western African Hantaviruses. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017; 17:278-280. [DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Těšíková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Bryjová
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Bryja
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Joëlle Goüy de Bellocq
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
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15
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Hantavirus infection: a global zoonotic challenge. Virol Sin 2017; 32:32-43. [PMID: 28120221 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-016-3899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are comprised of tri-segmented negative sense single-stranded RNA, and are members of the Bunyaviridae family. Hantaviruses are distributed worldwide and are important zoonotic pathogens that can have severe adverse effects in humans. They are naturally maintained in specific reservoir hosts without inducing symptomatic infection. In humans, however, hantaviruses often cause two acute febrile diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). In this paper, we review the epidemiology and epizootiology of hantavirus infections worldwide.
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16
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Goüy de Bellocq J, Těšíková J, Meheretu Y, Čížková D, Bryjová A, Leirs H, Bryja J. Complete genome characterisation and phylogenetic position of Tigray hantavirus from the Ethiopian white-footed mouse, Stenocephalemys albipes. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 45:242-245. [PMID: 27619058 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses, well-known human pathogens, have only recently been identified on the African continent. Tigray virus (TIGV) was found in Ethiopia in 2012 in a Murinae species, Stenocephalemys albipes, but the genetic data obtained at that time were too limited to correctly assess its phylogenetic position within the hantavirus tree. We used high throughput sequencing to determine the complete genome of TIGV, which showed a typical hantavirus organisation. The large (L), medium (M), and small (S) genome segments were found to be 6532, 3594 and 1908 nucleotides long, respectively, and the 5' and 3' termini for all three segments were predicted to form the panhandle-like structure typical for bunyaviruses. Nucleotide-based phylogenetic analyses revealed that all three coding segments cluster in the phylogroup III sensu Guo et al. (2013). However, while TIGV S segment is basal to the Murinae-associated hantaviruses, the M and L segments are basal to the Soricomorpha-associated hantaviruses. TIGV is the first Murinae-borne hantavirus showing this inconsistent segmental clustering in the hantavirus phylogenetic tree. We finally propose non-exclusive scenarios that could explain the original phylogenetic position of TIGV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Goüy de Bellocq
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; University of Antwerp, Evolutionary Ecology Group, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jana Těšíková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yonas Meheretu
- Mekelle University, Department of Biology, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Dagmar Čížková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Bryjová
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Herwig Leirs
- University of Antwerp, Evolutionary Ecology Group, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Josef Bryja
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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17
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Heinemann P, Tia M, Alabi A, Anon JC, Auste B, Essbauer S, Gnionsahe A, Kigninlman H, Klempa B, Kraef C, Kruger N, Leendertz FH, Ndhatz-Sanogo M, Schaumburg F, Witkowski PT, Akoua-Koffi CG, Kruger DH. Human Infections by Non-Rodent-Associated Hantaviruses in Africa. J Infect Dis 2016; 214:1507-1511. [PMID: 27601619 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Various hantaviruses have been discovered in unconventional hosts (shrews and bats) in Africa. Up to now, it was unknown whether these viruses pose a threat for human health. In this study, using newly established serological assays, we demonstrated evidence of shrew-borne hantavirus infections in humans from Côte d'Ivoire and Gabon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Boris Klempa
- Charité Medical School.,Biomedical Research Center, Bratislava, Slovakia
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18
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Papa A, Vaheri A, LeDuc JW, Krüger DH, Avšič-Županc T, Arikawa J, Song JW, Markotić A, Clement J, Liang M, Li D, Yashina LN, Jonsson CB, Schmaljohn CS. Meeting report: Tenth International Conference on Hantaviruses. Antiviral Res 2016; 133:234-41. [PMID: 27544703 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The 10th International Conference on Hantaviruses, organized by the International Society on Hantaviruses, was held from May 31-June 3, 2016 at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. These conferences have been held every three years since 1980. The current report summarizes research presented on all aspects of hantavirology: ecology and epidemiology, virus replication, phylogeny, pathogenesis, immune response, clinical studies, vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Papa
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James W LeDuc
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Detlev H Krüger
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tatjana Avšič-Županc
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jiro Arikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Alemka Markotić
- Research Department, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr. Fran Mihaljevic", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jan Clement
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology and Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mifang Liang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Dexin Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Liudmila N Yashina
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Connie S Schmaljohn
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
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19
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Ermonval M, Baychelier F, Tordo N. What Do We Know about How Hantaviruses Interact with Their Different Hosts? Viruses 2016; 8:v8080223. [PMID: 27529272 PMCID: PMC4997585 DOI: 10.3390/v8080223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses, like other members of the Bunyaviridae family, are emerging viruses that are able to cause hemorrhagic fevers. Occasional transmission to humans is due to inhalation of contaminated aerosolized excreta from infected rodents. Hantaviruses are asymptomatic in their rodent or insectivore natural hosts with which they have co-evolved for millions of years. In contrast, hantaviruses cause different pathologies in humans with varying mortality rates, depending on the hantavirus species and its geographic origin. Cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) have been reported in Europe and Asia, while hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndromes (HCPS) are observed in the Americas. In some cases, diseases caused by Old World hantaviruses exhibit HCPS-like symptoms. Although the etiologic agents of HFRS were identified in the early 1980s, the way hantaviruses interact with their different hosts still remains elusive. What are the entry receptors? How do hantaviruses propagate in the organism and how do they cope with the immune system? This review summarizes recent data documenting interactions established by pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantaviruses with their natural or human hosts that could highlight their different outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Ermonval
- Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Florence Baychelier
- Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Noël Tordo
- Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
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20
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Filippone C, Castel G, Murri S, Beaulieux F, Ermonval M, Jallet C, Wise EL, Ellis RJ, Marston DA, McElhinney LM, Fooks AR, Desvars A, Halos LG, Vourc'h G, Marianneau P, Tordo N. Discovery of hantavirus circulating among Rattus rattus in French Mayotte island, Indian Ocean. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:1060-1065. [PMID: 26932442 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are emerging zoonotic viruses that cause human diseases. In this study, sera from 642 mammals from La Réunion and Mayotte islands (Indian Ocean) were screened for the presence of hantaviruses by molecular analysis. None of the mammals from La Réunion island was positive, but hantavirus genomic RNA was discovered in 29/160 (18 %) Rattus rattus from Mayotte island. The nucleoprotein coding region was sequenced from the liver and spleen of all positive individuals allowing epidemiological and intra-strain variability analyses. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete coding genomic sequences showed that this Murinae-associated hantavirus is a new variant of Thailand virus. Further studies are needed to investigate hantaviruses in rodent hosts and in Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) human cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Filippone
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Castel
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France and Institut de Biologie Computationnelle, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Séverine Murri
- Anses-Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité de Virologie, Lyon, France
| | | | - Myriam Ermonval
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Jallet
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Emma L Wise
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Richard J Ellis
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Denise A Marston
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Lorraine M McElhinney
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK.,Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Anthony R Fooks
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK.,Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amélie Desvars
- UR346 Animal Epidemiology, INRA, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
| | | | - Gwenaël Vourc'h
- UR346 Animal Epidemiology, INRA, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
| | | | - Noël Tordo
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, F-75015, Paris, France
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21
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Ge XY, Yang WH, Pan H, Zhou JH, Han X, Zhu GJ, Desmond JS, Daszak P, Shi ZL, Zhang YZ. Fugong virus, a novel hantavirus harbored by the small oriental vole (Eothenomys eleusis) in China. Virol J 2016; 13:27. [PMID: 26880191 PMCID: PMC4754816 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0483-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rodents are natural reservoirs of hantaviruses, which cause two disease types: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Eurasia and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in North America. Hantaviruses related human cases have been observed throughout Asia, Europe, Africa, and North America. To date, 23 distinct species of hantaviruses, hosted by reservoir, have been identified. However, the diversity and number of hantaviruses are likely underestimated in China, and hantavirus species that cause disease in many regions, including Yunnan province, are unknown. RESULTS In August 2012, we collected tissue samples from 189 captured animals, including 15 species belonging to 10 genera, 5 families, and 4 orders in Fugong county, Yunnan province, China. Seven species were positive for hantavirus: Eothenomys eleusis (42/94), Apodemus peninsulae (3/25), Niviventer eha (3/27), Cryptotis montivaga (2/8), Anourosorex squamipes (1/1), Sorex araneus (1/1), and Mustela sibirica (1/2). We characterized one full-length genomic sequence of the virus (named fugong virus, FUGV) from a small oriental vole (Eothenomys eleusis). The full-length sequences of the small, medium, and large segments of FUGV were 1813, 3630, and 6531 nt, respectively. FUGV was most closely related to hantavirus LX309, a previously reported species detected in the red-backed vole in Luxi county, Yunnan province, China. However, the amino acid sequences of nucleocapsid (N), glycoprotein (G), and large protein (L) were highly divergent from those of Hantavirus LX309, with amino acid differences of 11.2, 15.3, and 12.7 %, respectively. In phylogenetic trees, FUGV clustered in the lineage corresponding to hantaviruses carried by rodents in the subfamily Arvicolinae. CONCLUSIONS High prevalence of hantavirus infection in small mammals was found in Fugong county, Yunnan province, China. A novel hantavirus species FUGV was identified from the small oriental vole. This virus is phylogenetic clustering with another hantavirus LX309, but shows highly genomic divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yi Ge
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Wei-Hong Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
| | - Hong Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
| | - Ji-Hua Zhou
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
| | - Xi Han
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
| | | | | | | | - Zheng-Li Shi
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Yun-Zhi Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, 671000, China.
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Witkowski PT, Leendertz SAJ, Auste B, Akoua-Koffi C, Schubert G, Klempa B, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Karhemere S, Leendertz FH, Krüger DH. Human seroprevalence indicating hantavirus infections in tropical rainforests of Côte d'Ivoire and Democratic Republic of Congo. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:518. [PMID: 26052326 PMCID: PMC4439549 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are members of the Bunyaviridae family carried by small mammals and causing human hemorrhagic fevers worldwide. In Western Africa, where a variety of hemorrhagic fever viruses occurs, indigenous hantaviruses have been molecularly found in animal reservoirs such as rodents, shrews, and bats since 2006. To investigate the human contact to hantaviruses carried by these hosts and to assess the public health relevance of hantaviruses for humans living in the tropical rainforest regions of Western and Central Africa, we performed a cross-sectional seroprevalence study in the region of Taï National Park in Côte d’Ivoire and the Bandundu region near the Salonga National Park in the Democratic Republic (DR) of Congo. Serum samples were initially screened with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using nucleoproteins of several hantaviruses as diagnostic antigens. Positive results were confirmed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence testing. Seroprevalence rates of 3.9% (27/687) and 2.4% (7/295), respectively, were found in the investigated regions in Côte d’Ivoire and the DR Congo. In Côte d’Ivoire, this value was significantly higher than the seroprevalence rates previously reported from the neighboring country Guinea as well as from South Africa. Our study indicates an exposure of humans to hantaviruses in West and Central African tropical rainforest areas. In order to pinpoint the possible existence and frequency of clinical disease caused by hantaviruses in this region of the world, systematic investigations of patients with fever and renal or respiratory symptoms are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Witkowski
- Institute of Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Charité Medical School Berlin, Germany
| | - Siv A J Leendertz
- P3 - Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute Berlin, Germany
| | - Brita Auste
- Institute of Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Charité Medical School Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Grit Schubert
- P3 - Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute Berlin, Germany
| | - Boris Klempa
- Institute of Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Charité Medical School Berlin, Germany ; Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Stomy Karhemere
- National Institute of Biomedical Research Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Fabian H Leendertz
- P3 - Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute Berlin, Germany
| | - Detlev H Krüger
- Institute of Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Charité Medical School Berlin, Germany
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Ali HS, Drewes S, Weber de Melo V, Schlegel M, Freise J, Groschup MH, Heckel G, Ulrich RG. Complete genome of a Puumala virus strain from Central Europe. Virus Genes 2014; 50:292-8. [PMID: 25543297 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-014-1157-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Puumala virus (PUUV) is one of the predominant hantavirus species in Europe causing mild to moderate cases of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Parts of Lower Saxony in north-western Germany are endemic for PUUV infections. In this study, the complete PUUV genome sequence of a bank vole-derived tissue sample from the 2007 outbreak was determined by a combined primer-walking and RNA ligation strategy. The S, M and L genome segments were 1,828, 3,680 and 6,550 nucleotides in length, respectively. Sliding-window analyses of the nucleotide sequences of all available complete PUUV genomes indicated a non-homogenous distribution of variability with hypervariable regions located at the 3'-ends of the S and M segments. The overall similarity of the coding genome regions to the other PUUV strains ranged between 80.1 and 84.7 % at the level of the nucleotide sequence and between 89.5 and 98.1 % for the deduced amino acid sequences. In comparison to the phylogenetic trees of the complete coding sequences, trees based on partial segments revealed a general drop in phylogenetic support and a lower resolution. The Astrup strain S and M segment sequences showed the highest similarity to sequences of strains from geographically close sites in the Osnabrück Hills region. In conclusion, a primer-walking-mediated strategy resulted in the determination of the first complete nucleotide sequence of a PUUV strain from Central Europe. Different levels of variability along the genome provide the opportunity to choose regions for analyses according to the particular research question, e.g., large-scale phylogenetics or within-host evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Sheikh Ali
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, OIE Collaborating Centre for Zoonoses in Europe, Institute for Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
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24
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Hepojoki J, Vaheri A, Strandin T. The fundamental role of endothelial cells in hantavirus pathogenesis. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:727. [PMID: 25566236 PMCID: PMC4273638 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus, a genus of rodent- and insectivore-borne viruses in the family Bunyaviridae, is a group of emerging zoonotic pathogens. Hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in man, often with severe consequences. Vascular leakage is evident in severe hantavirus infections, and increased permeability contributes to the pathogenesis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on hantavirus interactions with hematopoietic and endothelial cells, and their effects on the increased vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Hepojoki
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomas Strandin
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
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25
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Immunogenetic factors affecting susceptibility of humans and rodents to hantaviruses and the clinical course of hantaviral disease in humans. Viruses 2014; 6:2214-41. [PMID: 24859344 PMCID: PMC4036553 DOI: 10.3390/v6052214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed the associations of immunity-related genes with susceptibility of humans and rodents to hantaviruses, and with severity of hantaviral diseases in humans. Several class I and class II HLA haplotypes were linked with severe or benign hantavirus infections, and these haplotypes varied among localities and hantaviruses. The polymorphism of other immunity-related genes including the C4A gene and a high-producing genotype of TNF gene associated with severe PUUV infection. Additional genes that may contribute to disease or to PUUV infection severity include non-carriage of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) allele 2 and IL-1β (-511) allele 2, polymorphisms of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and platelet GP1a. In addition, immunogenetic studies have been conducted to identify mechanisms that could be linked with the persistence/clearance of hantaviruses in reservoirs. Persistence was associated during experimental infections with an upregulation of anti-inflammatory responses. Using natural rodent population samples, polymorphisms and/or expression levels of several genes have been analyzed. These genes were selected based on the literature of rodent or human/hantavirus interactions (some Mhc class II genes, Tnf promoter, and genes encoding the proteins TLR4, TLR7, Mx2 and β3 integrin). The comparison of genetic differentiation estimated between bank vole populations sampled over Europe, at neutral and candidate genes, has allowed to evidence signatures of selection for Tnf, Mx2 and the Drb Mhc class II genes. Altogether, these results corroborated the hypothesis of an evolution of tolerance strategies in rodents. We finally discuss the importance of these results from the medical and epidemiological perspectives.
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26
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Reynes JM, Razafindralambo NK, Lacoste V, Olive MM, Barivelo TA, Soarimalala V, Heraud JM, Lavergne A. Anjozorobe hantavirus, a new genetic variant of Thailand virus detected in rodents from Madagascar. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2014; 14:212-9. [PMID: 24575755 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2013.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Until now, there was only serological evidence that hantaviruses were circulating in rodents and infecting humans from Madagascar. To assess the presence of a hantavirus on the island, between October, 2008, and March, 2010, we sampled 585 rodents belonging to seven species in the Anjozorobe-Angavo forest corridor, 70 km north from the capital city Antananarivo. A hantavirus was detected from organs of the ubiquist roof rat (Rattus rattus) and of the endemic Major's tufted-tailed rat (Eliurus majori). Amazingly, sequence analysis of the S (small), M (medium), and L (large) coding DNA sequence of this virus showed that the Anjozorobe strain (proposed name) was a new genetic variant of Thailand virus (THAIV) that comprises other variants found in Southeast Asia. Because THAIV is suspected of causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans, ongoing studies are addressing the risk of infection by this new variant in the Malagasy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Reynes
- 1 Centre National de Référence des Hantavirus, Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur , Lyon, France
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27
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Krautkrämer E, Zeier M. Old World hantaviruses: aspects of pathogenesis and clinical course of acute renal failure. Virus Res 2014; 187:59-64. [PMID: 24412712 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hantavirus-associated diseases represent emerging infections that are ranked in the highest priority group of communicable diseases for surveillance and epidemiological research. In the last years, several novel hantavirus species were described and the number of host reservoir species harboring hantaviruses is also increasing. Reports of cases with severe or atypical clinical courses become also more frequent. These facts raise more and more questions concerning host reservoir specificity, pathogenicity and molecular mechanism of pathogenesis. Hantavirus disease is characterized by vascular leakage due to increased capillary permeability. The infection manifests often in the lung (hantaviral cardiopulmonary syndrome; HCPS) or in the kidney (hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, HFRS). The underlying mechanisms of both syndromes are probably similar despite the difference in organ tropism. Characterization of hantaviral replication cycle and of patient-specific determinants will help to identify factors responsible for the clinical symptoms and course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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28
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Witkowski PT, Klempa B, Ithete NL, Auste B, Mfune JKE, Hoveka J, Matthee S, Preiser W, Kruger DH. Hantaviruses in Africa. Virus Res 2014; 187:34-42. [PMID: 24406800 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper summarizes the progress in the search for hantaviruses and hantavirus infections in Africa. After having collected molecular evidence of an indigenous African hantavirus in 2006, an intensive investigation for new hantaviruses has been started in small mammals. Various novel hantaviruses have been molecularly identified not only in rodents but also in shrews and bats. In addition, the first African hantavirus, Sangassou virus, has been isolated and functionally characterized in cell culture. Less is known about the ability of these hantaviruses to infect humans and to cause diseases. To date, no hantavirus genetic material could be amplified from patients' specimens collected in Africa. Serological studies in West Africa, based on a battery of screening and confirmatory assays, led to the detection of hantavirus antibodies in the human population and in patients with putative hantavirus disease. In addition to this overview, we present original data from seroepidemiological and field studies conducted in the Southern part of Africa. A human seroprevalence rate of 1.0% (n=1442) was detected in the South African Cape Region whereas no molecular evidence for the presence of hantavirus was found in 2500 small animals trapped in South Africa and Namibia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Witkowski
- Institute of Medical Virology, Helmut Ruska Building, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Boris Klempa
- Institute of Medical Virology, Helmut Ruska Building, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Virology, Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ndapewa L Ithete
- Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Brita Auste
- Institute of Medical Virology, Helmut Ruska Building, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - John K E Mfune
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Julia Hoveka
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Sonja Matthee
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Wolfgang Preiser
- Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Detlev H Kruger
- Institute of Medical Virology, Helmut Ruska Building, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
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29
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Souza WM, Bello G, Amarilla AA, Alfonso HL, Aquino VH, Figueiredo LTM. Phylogeography and evolutionary history of rodent-borne hantaviruses. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 21:198-204. [PMID: 24287104 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hantavirus (Family Bunyaviridae) are mostly associated to rodents and transmitted to man by inhalation of aerosolized infected excreta of these animals. The human infection by hantaviruses can lead to severe diseases such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Asia and Europe, and pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the Americas. To determine the origin, spreading and evolutionary dynamics of rodent-borne hantaviruses, 190 sequences of nucleoprotein (N) of hantaviruses identified in 30 countries, from 1985 to 2010, were retrieved from the GenBank and analyzed using the BEAST program. Our evolutionary analysis indicates that current genetic diversity of N gene of rodent-borne hantaviruses probably was originated around 2000 years ago. Hantavirus harbored by Murinae and Arvicolinae subfamilies, probably, were originated in Asia 500-700 years ago and later spread toward Siberia, Europe, Africa and North America. Hantavirus carried by Neotominae subfamily, probably, emerged 500-600 years ago in Central America and spread toward North America. Finally, hantaviruses associated to Sigmodontinae occurred in Brazil 400 years ago and were, probably, originated from Neotominae-associated virus from northern South America. These data offer subsidies to understand the time-scale and worldwide dissemination dynamics of rodent-borne hantaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Souza
- Virology Research Center, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto of University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - G Bello
- Laboratório de AIDS & Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A A Amarilla
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H L Alfonso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V H Aquino
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L T M Figueiredo
- Virology Research Center, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto of University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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30
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Mobilization of circulating endothelial progenitor cells correlates with the clinical course of hantavirus disease. J Virol 2013; 88:483-9. [PMID: 24155401 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02063-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections with hemorrhagic fever viruses are characterized by increased permeability leading to capillary leakage. Hantavirus infection is associated with endothelial dysfunction, and the clinical course is related to the degree of vascular injury. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) play a pivotal role in the repair of the damaged endothelium. Therefore, we analyzed the number of cEPCs and their mobilizing growth factors in patients suffering from hantavirus disease induced by infection with Puumala virus. The numbers of EPCs of 36 hantavirus-infected patients and age- and gender-matched healthy controls were analyzed by flow cytometry. Concentrations of cEPC-mobilizing growth factors in plasma were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Laboratory parameters were correlated with the number of cEPCs. In patients infected with hantavirus, the number of cEPCs was significantly higher than that in healthy controls. Levels of mobilizing cytokines were upregulated in patients, and the mobilization of cEPCs is paralleled with the normalization of clinical parameters. Moreover, higher levels of cEPCs correlated with higher serum albumin levels and platelet concentrations. Our data indicate that cEPCs may play a role in the repair of hantavirus-induced endothelial damage, thereby influencing the clinical course and the severity of symptoms.
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31
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Lalwani P, Raftery MJ, Kobak L, Rang A, Giese T, Matthaei M, van den Elsen PJ, Wolff T, Krüger DH, Schönrich G. Hantaviral mechanisms driving HLA class I antigen presentation require both RIG-I and TRIF. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:2566-76. [PMID: 23824566 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201243066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are emerging human pathogens. They induce an unusually strong antiviral response of human HLA class I (HLA-I) restricted CD8⁺ T cells that may contribute to tissue damage and hantavirus-associated disease. In this study, we analyzed possible hantaviral mechanisms that enhance the HLA-I antigen presentation machinery. Upon hantavirus infection of various human and primate cell lines, we observed transactivation of promoters controlling classical HLA molecules. Hantavirus-induced HLA-I upregulation required proteasomal activity and was associated with increased TAP expression. Intriguingly, human DCs acquired the capacity to cross-present antigen upon hantavirus infection. Furthermore, knockdown of TIR domain containing adaptor inducing IFN-β or retinoic acid inducible gene I abolished hantavirus-driven HLA-I induction. In contrast, MyD88-dependent viral sensors were not involved in HLA-I induction. Our results show that hantaviruses strongly boost the HLA-I antigen presentation machinery by mechanisms that are dependent on both retinoic acid inducible gene I and TIR domain containing adaptor inducing IFN-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh Lalwani
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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32
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Watson DC, Sargianou M, Papa A, Chra P, Starakis I, Panos G. Epidemiology of Hantavirus infections in humans: a comprehensive, global overview. Crit Rev Microbiol 2013; 40:261-72. [PMID: 23607444 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2013.783555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hantaviruses comprise an emerging global threat for public health, affecting about 30,000 humans annually. Infection may lead to Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the Americas and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the Europe and Asia. Humans are spillover hosts, acquiring infection primarily through the inhalation of aerosolized excreta from infected rodents and insectivores. Risk factors for infection include involvement in outdoor activities, such as rural- and forest-related activities, peridomestic rodent presence, exposure to potentially infected dust and outdoor military training; prolonged, intimate contact with infected individuals promotes transmission of Andes virus, the only Hantavirus known to be transmitted from human-to-human. The total number of Hantavirus case reports is generally on the rise, as is the number of affected countries. Knowledge of the geographical distribution, regional incidence and associated risk factors of the disease are crucial for clinicians to suspect and diagnose infected individuals early on. Climatic, ecological and environmental changes are related to fluctuations in rodent populations, and subsequently to human epidemics. Thus, prevention may be enhanced by host-reservoir control and human exposure prophylaxis interventions, which likely have led to a dramatic reduction of human cases in China over the past decades; vaccination may also play a role in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysios Christos Watson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Patras University General Hospital , Patras , Greece
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33
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Klempa B, Koulemou K, Auste B, Emmerich P, Thomé-Bolduan C, Günther S, Koivogui L, Krüger DH, Fichet-Calvet E. Seroepidemiological study reveals regional co-occurrence of Lassa- and Hantavirus antibodies in Upper Guinea, West Africa. Trop Med Int Health 2012; 18:366-71. [PMID: 23279760 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the public health relevance of Lassa arenavirus and hantavirus infections in a subpopulation of recently febrile patients. METHODS In a human seroprevalence study, we enrolled 253 participants on the basis of reported high fever during the last 3 months. They represented roughly 20% of the population of Bantou and Tanganya villages. Comprehensive serological screening and confirmatory assays (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence assay, Western blot analysis) with several Lassa virus and hantavirus antigens were used to ensure high specificity and broad detection capacity. RESULTS We found a Lassa IgG prevalence of 40.3% (102/253) and a hantavirus IgG prevalence of 1.2% (3/253). The Lassa IgM prevalence reached 2.8% (7/253). CONCLUSIONS High Lassa virus seroprevalence in recently febrile patients indicates that Lassa fever is a significant public health problem in the region. Human hantavirus infections also occur in the region but their public health relevance remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Klempa
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité School of Medicine, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Berlin, Germany.
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34
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Krautkrämer E, Lehmann MJ, Bollinger V, Zeier M. Polar release of pathogenic Old World hantaviruses from renal tubular epithelial cells. Virol J 2012; 9:299. [PMID: 23194647 PMCID: PMC3546954 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-9-299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelio- and endotheliotropic viruses often exert polarized entry and release that may be responsible for viral spread and dissemination. Hantaviruses, mostly rodent-borne members of the Bunyaviridae family infect epithelial and endothelial cells of different organs leading to organ dysfunction or even failure. Endothelial and renal epithelial cells belong to the target cells of Old World hantavirus. Therefore, we examined the release of hantaviruses in several renal epithelial cell culture models. We used Vero cells that are commonly used in hantavirus studies and primary human renal epithelial cells (HREpC). In addition, we analyzed MDCKII cells, an epithelial cell line of a dog kidney, which represents a widely accepted in vitro model of polarized monolayers for their permissiveness for hantavirus infection. RESULTS Vero C1008 and primary HREpCs were grown on porous-support filter inserts for polarization. Monolayers were infected with hantavirus Hantaan (HTNV) and Puumala (PUUV) virus. Supernatants from the apical and basolateral chamber of infected cells were analyzed for the presence of infectious particles by re-infection of Vero cells. Viral antigen and infectious particles of HTNV and PUUV were exclusively detected in supernatants collected from the apical chamber of infected Vero C1008 cells and HREpCs. MDCKII cells were permissive for hantavirus infection and polarized MDCKII cells released infectious hantaviral particles from the apical surface corresponding to the results of Vero and primary human epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Pathogenic Old World hantaviruses are released from the apical surface of different polarized renal epithelial cells. We characterized MDCKII cells as a suitable polarized cell culture model for hantavirus infection studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maik J Lehmann
- Institute for Biology, Molecular Parasitology, Humboldt-UniversityBerlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanessa Bollinger
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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35
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Klempa B, Avsic-Zupanc T, Clement J, Dzagurova TK, Henttonen H, Heyman P, Jakab F, Kruger DH, Maes P, Papa A, Tkachenko EA, Ulrich RG, Vapalahti O, Vaheri A. Complex evolution and epidemiology of Dobrava-Belgrade hantavirus: definition of genotypes and their characteristics. Arch Virol 2012; 158:521-9. [PMID: 23090188 PMCID: PMC3586401 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV) is a human pathogen that has evolved in, and is hosted by, mice of several species of the genus Apodemus. We propose a subdivision of the species Dobrava-Belgrade virus into four related genotypes - Dobrava, Kurkino, Saaremaa, and Sochi - that show characteristic differences in their phylogeny, specific host reservoirs, geographical distribution, and pathogenicity for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Klempa
- Institute of Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Charité Medical School, Berlin, Germany.
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Goeijenbier M, Wagenaar J, Goris M, Martina B, Henttonen H, Vaheri A, Reusken C, Hartskeerl R, Osterhaus A, Van Gorp E. Rodent-borne hemorrhagic fevers: under-recognized, widely spread and preventable – epidemiology, diagnostics and treatment. Crit Rev Microbiol 2012; 39:26-42. [DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2012.686481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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