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da Costa GS, Cerqueira AF, de Brito CR, Mielke MS, Gaiotto FA. Epigenetics Regulation in Responses to Abiotic Factors in Plant Species: A Systematic Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2082. [PMID: 39124200 PMCID: PMC11314046 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Plants have several mechanisms to adapt or acclimate to environmental stress. Morphological, physiological, or genetic changes are examples of complex plant responses. In recent years, our understanding of the role of epigenetic regulation, which encompasses changes that do not alter the DNA sequence, as an adaptive mechanism in response to stressful conditions has advanced significantly. Some studies elucidated and synthesized epigenetic mechanisms and their relationships with environmental change, while others explored the interplay between epigenetic modifications and environmental shifts, aiming to deepen our understanding of these complex processes. In this study, we performed a systematic review of the literature to analyze the progression of epigenetics studies on plant species' responses to abiotic factors. We also aimed to identify the most studied species, the type of abiotic factor studied, and the epigenetic technique most used in the scientific literature. For this, a search for articles in databases was carried out, and after analyzing them using pre-established inclusion criteria, a total of 401 studies were found. The most studied species were Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, highlighting the gap in studies of non-economic and tropical plant species. Methylome DNA sequencing is the main technique used for the detection of epigenetic interactions in published studies. Furthermore, most studies sought to understand the plant responses to abiotic changes in temperature, water, and salinity. It is worth emphasizing further research is necessary to establish a correlation between epigenetic responses and abiotic factors, such as extreme temperatures and light, associated with climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fernanda Amato Gaiotto
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aplicada à Conservação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado km 16, Ilhéus, BA 45662-900, Brazil; (G.S.d.C.)
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2
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Yamauchi Y, Shimizu E, Duncan HF. Dynamic Alterations in Acetylation and Modulation of Histone Deacetylase Expression Evident in the Dentine-Pulp Complex during Dentinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6569. [PMID: 38928274 PMCID: PMC11203584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modulation, including histone modification, alters gene expression and controls cell fate. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are identified as important regulators of dental pulp cell (DPC) mineralisation processes. Currently, there is a paucity of information regarding the nature of histone modification and HDAC expression in the dentine-pulp complex during dentinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate post-translational histone modulation and HDAC expression during DPC mineralisation and the expression of Class I/II HDACs during tooth development and in adult teeth. HDAC expression (isoforms -1 to -6) was analysed in mineralising primary rat DPCs using qRT-PCR and Western blot with mass spectrometry being used to analyse post-translational histone modifications. Maxillary molar teeth from postnatal and adult rats were analysed using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for HDACs (1-6). HDAC-1, -2, and -4 protein expression increased until days 7 and 11, but decreased at days 14 and 21, while other HDAC expression increased continuously for 21 days. The Class II mineralisation-associated HDAC-4 was strongly expressed in postnatal sample odontoblasts and DPCs, but weakly in adult teeth, while other Class II HDACs (-5, -6) were relatively strongly expressed in postnatal DPCs and adult odontoblasts. Among Class I HDACs, HDAC-1 showed high expression in postnatal teeth, notably in ameloblasts and odontoblasts. HDAC-2 and -3 had extremely low expression in the rat dentine-pulp complex. Significant increases in acetylation were noted during DPC mineralisation processes, while trimethylation H3K9 and H3K27 marks decreased, and the HDAC-inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) enhanced H3K27me3. These results highlight a dynamic alteration in histone acetylation during mineralisation and indicate the relevance of Class II HDAC expression in tooth development and regenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Yamauchi
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place, D02 F859 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Emi Shimizu
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ 07103, USA;
| | - Henry F. Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place, D02 F859 Dublin, Ireland;
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Liu BM, Li NL, Wang R, Li X, Li ZA, Marion TN, Li K. Key roles for phosphorylation and the Coiled-coil domain in TRIM56-mediated positive regulation of TLR3-TRIF-dependent innate immunity. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107249. [PMID: 38556084 PMCID: PMC11067339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tripartite-motif protein-56 (TRIM56) positively regulates the induction of type I interferon response via the TLR3 pathway by enhancing IRF3 activation and depends on its C-terminal residues 621-750 for interacting with the adaptor TRIF. However, the precise underlying mechanism and detailed TRIM56 determinants remain unclear. Herein, we show ectopic expression of murine TRIM56 also enhances TLR3-dependent interferon-β promoter activation, suggesting functional conservation. We found that endogenous TRIM56 and TRIF formed a complex early (0.5-2 h) after poly-I:C stimulation and that TRIM56 overexpression also promoted activation of NF-κB by poly-I:C but not that by TNF-α or IL-1β, consistent with a specific effect on TRIF prior to the bifurcation of NF-κB and IRF3. Using transient transfection and Tet-regulated cell lines expressing various TRIM56 mutants, we demonstrated the Coiled-coil domain and a segment spanning residues ∼434-610, but not the B-box or residues 355-433, were required for TRIM56 augmentation of TLR3 signaling. Moreover, alanine substitution at each putative phosphorylation site, Ser471, Ser475, and Ser710, abrogated TRIM56 function. Concordantly, mutants bearing Ser471Ala, Ser475Ala, or Ser710Ala, or lacking the Coiled-coil domain, all lost the capacity to enhance poly-I:C-induced establishment of an antiviral state. Furthermore, the Ser710Ala mutation disrupted the TRIM56-TRIF association. Using phospho-specific antibodies, we detected biphasic phosphorylation of TRIM56 at Ser471 and Ser475 following TLR3 stimulation, with the early phase occurring at ∼0.5 to 1 h, prior to IRF3 phosphorylation. Together, these data reveal novel molecular details critical for the TRIM56 augmentation of TLR3-dependent antiviral response and highlight important roles for TRIM56 scaffolding and phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Divisions of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Department of Pathology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Children's National Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; The District of Columbia Center for AIDS Research, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Nan L Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ruixue Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Z Alex Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tony N Marion
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kui Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
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4
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Xiang Y, Zhang M, Hu Y, Wang L, Xiao X, Yin F, Cao X, Sui M, Yao Y. Epigenetic modifications of 45S rDNA associates with the disruption of nucleolar organisation during Cd stress response in Pakchoi. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115859. [PMID: 38157795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The role of the nucleolus in Pakchoi response to Cd stress remains largely unknown. In this work, we focus on exploring the underling mechanism between nucleolus disruption and epigenetic modification in Cd stressed-Pakchoi. Our results indicated that the proportion of nucleolus disruption, decondensation of 45 S rDNA chromatin, and a simultaneous increase in 5' external transcribed spacer region (ETS) transcription were observed with increasing Cd concentration, accompanied by genome-wide alterations in the levels of histone acetylation and methylation. Further results showed that Cd treatment exhibited a significant increase in H3K9ac, H4K5ac, and H3K9me2 levels occurred in promoter regions of the 45 S rDNA. Additionally, DNA methylation assays in the 45 S rDNA promoter region revealed that individual site-specific hypomethylation may be engaged in the activation of 45 S rDNA transcription. Our study provides some molecular mechanisms for the linkage between Cd stress, rDNA epigenetic modifications, and nucleolus disintegration in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiang
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Yuanfeng Hu
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Liangdeng Wang
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xufeng Xiao
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Fengrui Yin
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaoqun Cao
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Meilan Sui
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yuekeng Yao
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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5
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Dey A, Vaishak K, Deka D, Radhakrishnan AK, Paul S, Shanmugam P, Daniel AP, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK, Banerjee A. Epigenetic perspectives associated with COVID-19 infection and related cytokine storm: an updated review. Infection 2023; 51:1603-1618. [PMID: 36906872 PMCID: PMC10008189 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has put the world in a medical crisis for the past three years; nearly 6.3 million lives have been diminished due to the virus outbreak. This review aims to update the recent findings on COVID-19 infections from an epigenetic scenario and develop future perspectives of epi-drugs to treat the disease. METHODS Original research articles and review studies related to COVID-19 were searched and analyzed from the Google Scholar/PubMed/Medline databases mainly between 2019 and 2022 to brief the recent work. RESULTS Numerous in-depth studies of the mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-2 have been going on to minimize the consequences of the viral outburst. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 receptors and Transmembrane serine protease 2 facilitate viral entry to the host cells. Upon internalization, it uses the host machinery to replicate viral copies and alter the downstream regulation of the normal cells, causing infection-related morbidities and mortalities. In addition, several epigenetic regulations such as DNA methylation, acetylation, histone modifications, microRNA, and other factors (age, sex, etc.) are responsible for the regulations of viral entry, its immune evasion, and cytokine responses also play a major modulatory role in COVID-19 severity, which has been discussed in detail in this review. CONCLUSION Findings of epigenetic regulation of viral pathogenicity open a new window for epi-drugs as a possible therapeutical approach against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Dey
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN, 603103, India
| | - K Vaishak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN, 603103, India
| | - Dikshita Deka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN, 603103, India
| | - Arun Kumar Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, TN, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No.500 Fracc., CP 76130, San Pablo, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Priyadarshini Shanmugam
- Department of Microbiology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, TN, 603103, India
| | - Alice Peace Daniel
- Department of Microbiology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, TN, 603103, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN, 603103, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai, TN, 603103, India.
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6
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Van Raamsdonk JM, Al-Shekaili HH, Wagner L, Bredy TW, Chan L, Pearson J, Schwab C, Murphy Z, Devon RS, Lu G, Kobor MS, Hayden MR, Leavitt BR. Huntingtin Decreases Susceptibility to a Spontaneous Seizure Disorder in FVN/B Mice. Aging Dis 2023; 14:2249-2266. [PMID: 37199581 PMCID: PMC10676795 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by a trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion in the HTT gene that codes for the protein huntingtin (HTT in humans or Htt in mice). HTT is a multi-functional, ubiquitously expressed protein that is essential for embryonic survival, normal neurodevelopment, and adult brain function. The ability of wild-type HTT to protect neurons against various forms of death raises the possibility that loss of normal HTT function may worsen disease progression in HD. Huntingtin-lowering therapeutics are being evaluated in clinical trials for HD, but concerns have been raised that decreasing wild-type HTT levels may have adverse effects. Here we show that Htt levels modulate the occurrence of an idiopathic seizure disorder that spontaneously occurs in approximately 28% of FVB/N mice, which we have called FVB/N Seizure Disorder with SUDEP (FSDS). These abnormal FVB/N mice demonstrate the cardinal features of mouse models of epilepsy including spontaneous seizures, astrocytosis, neuronal hypertrophy, upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and sudden seizure-related death. Interestingly, mice heterozygous for the targeted inactivation of Htt (Htt+/- mice) exhibit an increased frequency of this disorder (71% FSDS phenotype), while over-expression of either full length wild-type HTT in YAC18 mice or full length mutant HTT in YAC128 mice completely prevents it (0% FSDS phenotype). Examination of the mechanism underlying huntingtin's ability to modulate the frequency of this seizure disorder indicated that over-expression of full length HTT can promote neuronal survival following seizures. Overall, our results demonstrate a protective role for huntingtin in this form of epilepsy and provide a plausible explanation for the observation of seizures in the juvenile form of HD, Lopes-Maciel-Rodan syndrome, and Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. Adverse effects caused by decreasing huntingtin levels have ramifications for huntingtin-lowering therapies that are being developed to treat HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M. Van Raamsdonk
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications (MeDiC) and Brain Repair and Integrated Neuroscience (BRaIN) Programs, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
| | - Hilal H. Al-Shekaili
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Laura Wagner
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Tim W Bredy
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia..
| | - Laura Chan
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Jacqueline Pearson
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Claudia Schwab
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Zoe Murphy
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Rebecca S. Devon
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Ge Lu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Michael S. Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Michael R. Hayden
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Blair R. Leavitt
- Department of Medical Genetics and Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
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Kiran GS, Kumar PK, Mitra P, Kumar K, Goyal T, Sharma S, Rana S, Sharma P. Unravelling blood-based epigenetic mechanisms: the impact of hsa-miR-146a and histone H3 acetylation in lead-induced inflammation among occupational workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:1257-1266. [PMID: 37572134 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational and environmental exposure to lead (Pb) is a persistent health problem majorly in developing countries and has been implied to cause epigenetic alterations. Its effect on histone post-translational modifications is not explored in human population. MicroRNAs are epigenetic modulators reported to be differentially expressed under Pb exposure. The present study was targeted to find plausible association between the role of hsa-miR-146a and global histone (H3) acetylation in Pb-induced inflammation in occupationally exposed workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 100 occupationally exposed individuals working in different industries were recruited for the study and divided into 2 groups based on the median Pb levels [low Pb group (Pb < 5 μg/dL) and High Pb group (Pb > 5 μg/dL)]. The Pb levels were measured in whole blood using atomic absorption spectrometry to confirm Pb exposure. Histone H3 acetylation and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured using colorimetric methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. MicroRNA-146a expression was quantified using TaqMan assay. RESULTS The median BLL of the study population was 5 μg/dL. BLL, IL-6, and Histone (H3) acetylation increased significantly with the duration of exposure. BLL level showed a significant positive correlation with IL-6 and histone H3 acetylation level. We also found that hsa-miR-146a exhibited significantly increased expression in the high Pb group compared to the low Pb group (Fold change: 2.56; P = 0.014). The linear regression model suggested that BLL has significantly predicted histone H3 acetylation, hsa-miR-146a, and IL-6 in the study subjects. CONCLUSION The finding that hsa-miR146a was significantly upregulated in individuals with high BLL and had a significant negative correlation with serum IL-6 suggests that Pb-induced oxidative stress likely activates H3 acetylation, which then releases inflammatory cytokines like IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangam Sai Kiran
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pvsn Kiran Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Prasenjit Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kanishka Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Taru Goyal
- Department of Paediatric Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shailja Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Shweta Rana
- Department of Physical and Natural Sciences, FLAME University, Pune, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Woods R, Lorusso J, Fletcher J, ElTaher H, McEwan F, Harris I, Kowash H, D'Souza SW, Harte M, Hager R, Glazier JD. Maternal immune activation and role of placenta in the prenatal programming of neurodevelopmental disorders. Neuronal Signal 2023; 7:NS20220064. [PMID: 37332846 PMCID: PMC10273029 DOI: 10.1042/ns20220064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal infection during pregnancy, leading to maternal immune activation (mIA) and cytokine release, increases the offspring risk of developing a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including schizophrenia. Animal models have provided evidence to support these mechanistic links, with placental inflammatory responses and dysregulation of placental function implicated. This leads to changes in fetal brain cytokine balance and altered epigenetic regulation of key neurodevelopmental pathways. The prenatal timing of such mIA-evoked changes, and the accompanying fetal developmental responses to an altered in utero environment, will determine the scope of the impacts on neurodevelopmental processes. Such dysregulation can impart enduring neuropathological changes, which manifest subsequently in the postnatal period as altered neurodevelopmental behaviours in the offspring. Hence, elucidation of the functional changes that occur at the molecular level in the placenta is vital in improving our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the pathogenesis of NDDs. This has notable relevance to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, where inflammatory responses in the placenta to SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and NDDs in early childhood have been reported. This review presents an integrated overview of these collective topics and describes the possible contribution of prenatal programming through placental effects as an underlying mechanism that links to NDD risk, underpinned by altered epigenetic regulation of neurodevelopmental pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Woods
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Jarred M. Lorusso
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Jennifer Fletcher
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Heidi ElTaher
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Francesca McEwan
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Isabella Harris
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Hager M. Kowash
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, U.K
| | - Stephen W. D'Souza
- Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, U.K
| | - Michael Harte
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Reinmar Hager
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Jocelyn D. Glazier
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
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Ma X, Fan Y, Xiao W, Ding X, Hu W, Xia Y. Glufosinate-Ammonium Induced Aberrant Histone Modifications in Mouse Sperm Are Concordant With Transcriptome in Preimplantation Embryos. Front Physiol 2022; 12:819856. [PMID: 35145430 PMCID: PMC8821811 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.819856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glufosinate-ammonium (GLA) is a widely used herbicide with emerging concern over its male reproductive toxicity. Abnormalities in sperm histone modification induced by GLA exposure observed in our previous study aroused our interest in whether such alterations could further affect embryonic gene expression. Here we administered adult male mice with 0.2 mg/kg⋅day of GLA for 5 weeks to collect their sperm or 4-cell embryos after copulation. Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) sequencing showed alterations of sperm H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), which are active histone modification marks involved in embryo development, while RNA sequencing identified differentially expressed genes in 4-cell embryos. Differentially H3K4me3 and H3K27ac occupied regions were mainly distributed at the gene promoters and putative enhancers, and were enriched in pathways related to the immune system and nervous system. Integrative analysis of these sequencing data showed that genes such as Mgl2 with increased H3K4me3 and H3K27ac in sperm were up-regulated in embryos, and vice versa for genes such as Dcn. Additionally, differentially occupied H3K4me3 and H3K27ac in sperm were linked to gene expression changes in both paternal and maternal alleles of 4-cell embryos. In conclusion, GLA-induced changes in sperm H3K4me3 and H3K27ac are concordant with gene expression in preimplantation embryos, which might further affect embryo development and offspring health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Microbes and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingwang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Weiyue Hu,
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yankai Xia,
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10
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Trained immunity of alveolar macrophages requires metabolic rewiring and type 1 interferon signaling. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:896-907. [PMID: 35856089 PMCID: PMC9385480 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00528-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Environmental microbial triggers shape the development and functionality of the immune system. Alveolar macrophages (AMs), tissue-resident macrophages of the lungs, are in constant and direct contact with inhaled particles and microbes. Such exposures likely impact AM reactivity to subsequent challenges by immunological imprinting mechanisms referred to as trained immunity. Here, we investigated whether a ubiquitous microbial compound has the potential to induce AM training in vivo. We discovered that intranasal exposure to ambient amounts of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced a pronounced AM memory response, characterized by enhanced reactivity upon pneumococcal challenge. Exploring the mechanistic basis of AM training, we identified a critical role of type 1 interferon signaling and found that inhibition of fatty acid oxidation and glutaminolysis significantly attenuated the training effect. Notably, adoptive transfer of trained AMs resulted in increased bacterial loads and tissue damage upon subsequent pneumococcal infection. In contrast, intranasal pre-exposure to LPS promoted bacterial clearance, highlighting the complexity of stimulus-induced immune responses, which likely involve multiple cell types and may depend on the local immunological and metabolic environment. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the profound impact of ambient microbial exposure on pulmonary immune memory and reveal tissue-specific features of trained immunity.
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11
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Berthias F, Poad BLJ, Thurman HA, Bowman AP, Blanksby SJ, Shvartsburg AA. Disentangling Lipid Isomers by High-Resolution Differential Ion Mobility Spectrometry/Ozone-Induced Dissociation of Metalated Species. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2827-2836. [PMID: 34751570 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The preponderance and functional importance of isomeric biomolecules have become topical in biochemistry. Therefore, one must distinguish and identify all such forms across compound classes, over a wide dynamic range as minor species often have critical activities. With all the power of modern mass spectrometry for compositional assignments by accurate mass, the identical precursor and often fragment ion masses render this task a steep challenge. This is recognized in proteomics and epigenetics, where proteoforms are disentangled and characterized employing novel separations and non-ergodic dissociation mechanisms. This issue is equally pertinent to lipidomics, where the lack of isomeric depth has thwarted the deciphering of functional networks. Here we introduce a new platform, where the isomeric lipids separated by high-resolution differential ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) are identified using ozone-induced dissociation (OzID). Cationization by metals (here K+, Ag+, and especially Cu+) broadly improves the FAIMS resolution of isomers with alternative C═C double bond (DB) positions or stereochemistry, presumably via metal attaching to the DB and reshaping the ion around it. However, the OzID yield diminishes for Ag+ and vanishes for Cu+ adducts. Argentination still strikes the best compromise between efficient separation and diagnostic fragmentation for optimal FAIMS/OzID performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Berthias
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| | - Berwyck L J Poad
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Hayden A Thurman
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| | - Andrew P Bowman
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Alexandre A Shvartsburg
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
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12
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Veerasubramanian PK, Shao H, Meli VS, Phan TAQ, Luu TU, Liu WF, Downing TL. A Src-H3 acetylation signaling axis integrates macrophage mechanosensation with inflammatory response. Biomaterials 2021; 279:121236. [PMID: 34753038 PMCID: PMC8939266 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are mechanosensitive cells that can exquisitely fine-tune their function in response to their microenvironment. While macrophage polarization results in concomitant changes in cell morphology and epigenetic reprogramming, how biophysically-induced signaling cascades contribute to gene regulatory programs that drive polarization remains unknown. We reveal a cytoskeleton-dependent Src-H3 acetylation (H3Ac) axis responsible for inflammation-associated histone hyperacetylation. Inflammatory stimuli caused increases in traction forces, Src activity and H3Ac marks in macrophages, accompanied by reduced cell elongation and motility. These effects were curtailed following disruption of H3Ac-signaling through either micropattern-induced cell elongation or inhibition of H3Ac readers (BRD proteins) directly. Src activation relieves the suppression of p300 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity by PKCδ. Furthermore, while inhibition of Src reduced p300 HAT activity and H3Ac marks globally, local H3Ac levels within the Src promoter were increased, suggesting H3Ac regulates Src levels through feedback. Together, our study reveals an adhesome-to-epigenome regulatory nexus underlying macrophage mechanosensation, where Src modulates H3Ac-associated epigenetic signaling as a means of tuning inflammatory gene activity and macrophage fate decisions in response to microenvironmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Krishna Veerasubramanian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center (CIRC), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Hanjuan Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center (CIRC), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Vijaykumar S Meli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center (CIRC), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tri Andrew Q Phan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center (CIRC), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Thuy U Luu
- UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center (CIRC), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Wendy F Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center (CIRC), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Timothy L Downing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center (CIRC), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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13
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Seachrist DD, Anstine LJ, Keri RA. FOXA1: A Pioneer of Nuclear Receptor Action in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205205. [PMID: 34680352 PMCID: PMC8533709 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The pioneering function of FOXA1 establishes estrogen-responsive transcriptomes in luminal breast cancer. Dysregulated FOXA1 chromatin occupancy through focal amplification, mutation, or cofactor recruitment modulates estrogen receptor (ER) transcriptional programs and drives endocrine-resistant disease. However, ER is not the sole nuclear receptor (NR) expressed in breast cancers, nor is it the only NR for which FOXA1 serves as a licensing factor. Receptors for androgens, glucocorticoids, and progesterone are also found in the majority of breast cancers, and their functions are also impacted by FOXA1. These NRs interface with ER transcriptional programs and, depending on their activation level, can reprogram FOXA1-ER cistromes. Thus, NR interplay contributes to endocrine therapy response and resistance and may provide a vulnerability for future therapeutic benefit in patients. Herein, we review what is known regarding FOXA1 regulation of NR function in breast cancer in the context of cell identity, endocrine resistance, and NR crosstalk in breast cancer progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcie D. Seachrist
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Lindsey J. Anstine
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ruth A. Keri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence:
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14
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Velásquez ZD, López-Osorio S, Waiger D, Manosalva C, Pervizaj-Oruqaj L, Herold S, Hermosilla C, Taubert A. Eimeria bovis infections induce G 1 cell cycle arrest and a senescence-like phenotype in endothelial host cells. Parasitology 2021; 148:341-353. [PMID: 33100232 PMCID: PMC7890351 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182020002097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Apicomplexan parasites are well-known to modulate their host cells at diverse functional levels. As such, apicomplexan-induced alteration of host cellular cell cycle was described and appeared dependent on both, parasite species and host cell type. As a striking evidence of species-specific reactions, we here show that Eimeria bovis drives primary bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells (BUVECs) into a senescence-like phenotype during merogony I. In line with senescence characteristics, E. bovis induces a phenotypic change in host cell nuclei being characterized by nucleolar fusion and heterochromatin-enriched peripheries. By fibrillarin staining we confirm nucleoli sizes to be increased and their number per nucleus to be reduced in E. bovis-infected BUVECs. Additionally, nuclei of E. bovis-infected BUVECs showed enhanced signals for HH3K9me2 as heterochromatin marker thereby indicating an infection-induced change in heterochromatin transition. Furthermore, E. bovis-infected BUVECs show an enhanced β-galactosidase activity, which is a well-known marker of senescence. Referring to cell cycle progression, protein abundance profiles in E. bovis-infected endothelial cells revealed an up-regulation of cyclin E1 thereby indicating a cell cycle arrest at G1/S transition, signifying a senescence key feature. Similarly, abundance of G2 phase-specific cyclin B1 was found to be downregulated at the late phase of macromeront formation. Overall, these data indicate that the slow proliferative intracellular parasite E. bovis drives its host endothelial cells in a senescence-like status. So far, it remains to be elucidated whether this phenomenon indeed reflects an intentionally induced mechanism to profit from host cell-derived energy and metabolites present in a non-dividing cellular status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahady D Velásquez
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sara López-Osorio
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Research Group CIVAB, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Daniel Waiger
- Center for Scientific Imaging, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Carolina Manosalva
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Learta Pervizaj-Oruqaj
- Cardio Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Cardio Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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15
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Roy D, Bose S, Pati S, Guin A, Banerjee K, Saha S, Singhal AK, Chakraborty J, Sarkar DK, Sa G. GFI1/HDAC1-axis differentially regulates immunosuppressive CD73 in human tumor-associated FOXP3 + Th17 and inflammation-linked Th17 cells. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1206-1217. [PMID: 33555624 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plasticity between Th17 and Treg cells is regarded as a crucial determinant of tumor-associated immunosuppression. Classically Th17 cells mediate inflammatory responses through production of cytokine IL17. Recently, Th17 cells have also been shown to acquire suppressive phenotypes in tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanism by which they acquire such immunosuppressive properties is still elusive. Here, we report that in tumor microenvironment Th17 cell acquires immunosuppressive properties by expressing Treg lineage-specific transcription factor FOXP3 and ectonucleotidase CD73. We designate this cell as Th17reg cell and perceive that such immunosuppressive property is dependent on CD73. It was observed that in classical Th17 cell, GFI1 recruits HDAC1 to change the euchromatin into tightly-packed heterochromatin at the proximal-promoter region of CD73 to repress its expression. Whereas in Th17reg cells GFI1 cannot get access to CD73-promoter due to heterochromatin state at its binding site and, thus, cannot recruit HDAC1, failing to suppress the expression of CD73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dia Roy
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sayantan Bose
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhadip Pati
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Aharna Guin
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Sudipto Saha
- Department of Bioinformatics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | | | - Gaurisankar Sa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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16
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Caloric restriction following early-life high fat-diet feeding represses skeletal muscle TNF in male rats. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 91:108598. [PMID: 33549890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic metabolic diseases are on the rise worldwide and their etiology is multifactorial. Among them, inflammatory components like Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), contribute to whole-body metabolic impairment. Caloric Restriction (CR) combats metabolic diseases, but how it reduces inflammation remains understudied. We aimed to evaluate the impact of chronic CR on muscle inflammation, in particular TNF. In our study, 4-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet (HF, 45% Kcal of fat from lard) ad libitum for 3 months. After estimation of their energy requirement (1 month), they were then divided into three groups: HF ad libitum (OL), weight maintenance with AIN93M (9.5% Kcal from fat; ML, 100% of energy requirement), and caloric restriction (CR, AIN93M with 75% of energy requirement). This dietary intervention continued for six months. At this point, rats were sacrificed and gastrocnemius muscle was collected. CR induced a profound shift in fat and lean mass, and decreased growth factor IGF-1. Muscle qPCR analysis showed a marked decrease in inflammation and TNF (premRNA, mRNA, and protein) by CR, accompanied by Tnf promoter DNA hypermethylation. CR increased expression of histone deacetylase Sirt6 and decreased methyltransferase Suv39h1, together with decreased Tnf promoter and coding region binding of NF- κB and C/EBP-β. Following miRNA database mining, qPCR analysis revealed that CR downregulated the proinflammatory miR-19b and increased the anti-inflammatory miR-181a and its known targets. Chronic CR is able to regulate muscle-specific inflammation by targeting the NF-κB pathway as well as transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of Tnf gene.
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17
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Hudlikar R, Wang L, Wu R, Li S, Peter R, Shannar A, Chou PJ, Liu X, Liu Z, Kuo HCD, Kong AN. Epigenetics/Epigenomics and Prevention of Early Stages of Cancer by Isothiocyanates. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 14:151-164. [PMID: 33055265 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease and cancer development takes 10-50 years involving epigenetics. Evidence suggests that approximately 80% of human cancers are linked to environmental factors impinging upon genetics/epigenetics. Because advanced metastasized cancers are resistant to radiotherapy/chemotherapeutic drugs, cancer prevention by relatively nontoxic chemopreventive "epigenetic modifiers" involving epigenetics/epigenomics is logical. Isothiocyanates are relatively nontoxic at low nutritional and even higher pharmacologic doses, with good oral bioavailability, potent antioxidative stress/antiinflammatory activities, possess epigenetic-modifying properties, great anticancer efficacy in many in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal models. This review summarizes the latest advances on the role of epigenetics/epigenomics by isothiocyanates in prevention of skin, colon, lung, breast, and prostate cancers. The exact molecular mechanism how isothiocyanates modify the epigenetic/epigenomic machinery is unclear. We postulate "redox" processes would play important roles. In addition, isothiocyanates sulforaphane and phenethyl isothiocyanate, possess multifaceted molecular mechanisms would be considered as "general" cancer preventive agents not unlike chemotherapeutic agents like platinum-based or taxane-based drugs. Analogous to chemotherapeutic agents, the isothiocyanates would need to be used in combination with other nontoxic chemopreventive phytochemicals or drugs such as NSAIDs, 5-α-reductase/aromatase inhibitors targeting different signaling pathways would be logical for the prevention of progression of tumors to late advanced metastatic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika Hudlikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Lujing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Shanyi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Rebecca Peter
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Ahmad Shannar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Pochung Jordan Chou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hsiao-Chen Dina Kuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.
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18
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Akbaba TH, Sag E, Balci-Peynircioglu B, Ozen S. Epigenetics for Clinicians from the Perspective of Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2020; 22:46. [DOI: 10.1007/s11926-020-00912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Shankar E, Pandey M, Verma S, Abbas A, Candamo M, Kanwal R, Shukla S, MacLennan GT, Gupta S. Role of class I histone deacetylases in the regulation of maspin expression in prostate cancer. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:955-966. [PMID: 32391971 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maspin repression is frequently observed in prostate cancer; however, the molecular mechanism(s) causing the loss is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) mediates re-expression of maspin which plays an essential role in suppressing proliferation and migration capability in prostate cancer cells. Human prostate cancer LNCaP and DU145 cells treated with HDAC inhibitors, sodium butyrate, and trichostatin A, resulted in maspin re-expression. Interestingly, an exploration into the molecular mechanisms demonstrates that maspin repression in prostate tumor and human prostate cancer cell lines occurs via epigenetic silencing through an increase in HDAC activity/expression, independent of promoter DNA hypermethylation. Furthermore, transcriptional activation of maspin was accompanied with the suppression of HDAC1 and HDAC8 with significant p53 enrichment at the maspin promoter associated with an increase in histone H3/H4 acetylation. Our results provide evidence of maspin induction as a critical epigenetic event altered by class I HDACs in the restoration of balance to delay proliferation and migration ability of prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswar Shankar
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mitali Pandey
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Shiv Verma
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ata Abbas
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mario Candamo
- College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rajnee Kanwal
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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20
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Mitsiogianni M, Trafalis DT, Franco R, Zoumpourlis V, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. Sulforaphane and iberin are potent epigenetic modulators of histone acetylation and methylation in malignant melanoma. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:147-158. [PMID: 32215717 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02227-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) Growing evidence supports that isothiocyanates exert a wide range of bioactivities amongst of which is their capacity to interact with the epigenetic machinery in various cancers including melanoma. Our aim was to characterise the effect of sulforaphane and iberin on histone acetylation and methylation as a potential anti-melanoma strategy. METHODS We have utilised an in vitro model of malignant melanoma [consisting of human (A375, Hs294T, VMM1) and murine (B16F-10) melanoma cell lines as well as a non-melanoma (A431) and a non-tumorigenic immortalised keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line] exposed to sulforaphane or iberin. Cell viability was evaluated by the Alamar blue assay whilst total histone deacetylases and acetyltransferases activities were determined by the Epigenase HDAC Activity/Inhibition and EpiQuik HAT Activity/Inhibition assay kits, respectively. The expression levels of specific histone deacetylases and acetyltransferases together with those of lysine acetylation and methylation marks were obtained by western immunoblotting. RESULTS Overall, both sulforaphane and iberin were able to (1) reduce cell viability, (2) decrease total histone deacetylase activity and (3) modulate the expression levels of various histone deacetylases as well as acetyl and methyl transferases thus modulating the acetylation and methylation status of specific lysine residues on histones 3 and 4 in malignant melanoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight novel insights as to how sulforaphane and iberin differentially regulate the epigenetic response in ways compatible with their anticancer action in malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Mitsiogianni
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Applied Sciences, Group of Translational Biosciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Dimitrios T Trafalis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Centre, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Vasilis Zoumpourlis
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Applied Sciences, Group of Translational Biosciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
- Department of Electron Microscopy and Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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21
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Improve the developmental competence of porcine oocytes from small antral follicles by pre-maturation culture method. Theriogenology 2020; 149:139-148. [PMID: 32272343 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The oocytes from small antral follicle have low developmental potential to reach blastocyst due to incomplete cytoplasmic maturation during in vitro maturation (IVM). Thus, we developed an in vitro culture system for porcine oocytes derived from small antral follicles with l-ascorbic acid supplement during pre-maturation (pre-IVM) to support their development to blastocyst stage. Besides that, how l-ascorbic acid effect on the developmental competence of porcine oocytes with a special focus on histone modifications will be elucidated. The in vitro culture process consisted of two steps. The first step is 22 h of pre-IVM and the second step is 42 h of IVM. We utilized dibutyryl-cyclicAMP (dbcAMP) with L-ascorbic supplement during pre-IVM. Based on the result of this procedure, we proposed that the best culture condition in which hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) be added during the last 7 h of pre-IVM and continued culture to complete IVM. We observed that, in this culture system, the meiotic competence of porcine oocytes derived from small follicles was as high as those derived from large follicles after undergoing IVM. In addition, our study suggested that l-ascorbic acid supplementation at 100 μg/mL sharply enhanced the developmental potential of porcine oocytes. Interestingly, oocytes from small antral follicles treated with l-ascorbic acid could obtain the blastocyst quantity and quality as high as that of large antral follicles. The treated groups showed a significantly higher number of blastomeres compared to those in non-treated groups in both small and large follicle groups. Besides that, = The increasing levels of acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9) and methylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4) in blastocyst derived from small and large antral follicle under the present of l-ascrobic acid lead to a significant positive effect on the developmental competence and improvement in quality of porcine embryos.
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22
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Zhang L, Zhu C, Heidari M, Dong K, Chang S, Xie Q, Zhang H. Marek's disease vaccines-induced differential expression of known and novel microRNAs in primary lymphoid organ bursae of White Leghorn. Vet Res 2020; 51:19. [PMID: 32093775 PMCID: PMC7038564 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marek’s disease (MD) is a contagious disease of domestic chickens caused by MD viruses. MD has been controlled primarily by vaccinations, yet sporadic outbreaks of MD take place worldwide. Commonly used MD vaccines include HVT, SB-1 and CVI988/Rispens and their efficacies are reportedly dependent of multiple factors including host genetics. Our previous studies showed protective efficacy of a MD vaccine can differ drastically from one chicken line to the next. Advanced understanding on the underlying genetic and epigenetic factors that modulate vaccine efficacy would greatly improve the strategy in design and development of more potent vaccines. Two highly inbred lines of White Leghorn were inoculated with HVT and CVI988/Rispens. Bursa samples were taken 26 days post-vaccination and subjected to small RNA sequencing analysis to profile microRNAs (miRNA). A total of 589 and 519 miRNAs was identified in one line, known as line 63, 490 and 630 miRNAs were identified in the other, known as line 72, in response to HVT or CVI988/Rispens inoculation, respectively. HVT and CVI988/Rispens induced mutually exclusive 4 and 13 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in line 63 birds in contrast to a non-vaccinated group of the same line. HVT failed to induce any DE miRNA and CVI988/Rispens induced a single DE miRNA in line 72 birds. Thousands of target genes for the DE miRNAs were predicted, which were enriched in a variety of gene ontology terms and pathways. This finding suggests the epigenetic factor, microRNA, is highly likely involved in modulating vaccine protective efficacy in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.,Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130112, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.,Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Mohammad Heidari
- Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Shuang Chang
- Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Qingmei Xie
- Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.,College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huanmin Zhang
- Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.
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Roy S, Kumar V, Bossier P, Norouzitallab P, Vanrompay D. Phloroglucinol Treatment Induces Transgenerational Epigenetic Inherited Resistance Against Vibrio Infections and Thermal Stress in a Brine Shrimp ( Artemia franciscana) Model. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2745. [PMID: 31827471 PMCID: PMC6890837 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging, infectious diseases in shrimp like acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus and mortality caused by other Vibrio species such as Vibrio harveyi are worldwide related to huge economic losses in industrial shrimp production. As a strategy to prevent disease outbreaks, a plant-based phenolic compound could be used as a biocontrol agent. Here, using the brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) as a model system, we showed that phloroglucinol treatment of the parental animals at early life stages resulted in transgenerational inherited increased resistance in their progeny against biotic stress, i.e., bacteria (V. parahaemolyticus AHPND strain and V. harveyi) and abiotic stress, i.e., lethal heat shock. Increased resistance was recorded in three subsequent generations. Innate immune-related gene expression profiles and potential epigenetic mechanisms were studied to discover the underlying protective mechanisms. Our results showed that phloroglucinol treatment of the brine shrimp parents significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the expression of a core set of innate immune genes (DSCAM, proPO, PXN, HSP90, HSP70, and LGBP) in subsequent generations. We also demonstrated that epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, m6A RNA methylation, and histone acetylation and methylation (active chromatin marker i.e., H3K4Me3, H3K4me1, H3K27me1, H3 hyperacetylation, H3K14ac and repression marker, i.e., H3K27me3, H4 hypoacetylation) might play a role in regulation of gene expression leading toward the observed transgenerational inheritance of the resistant brine shrimp progenies. To our knowledge, this is the first report on transgenerational inheritance of a compound-induced robust protected phenotype in brine shrimp, particularly protected against AHPND caused by V. parahaemolyticus and vibriosis caused by V. harveyi. Results showed that epigenetic reprogramming is likely to play a role in the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvra Roy
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Vikash Kumar
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Parisa Norouzitallab
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daisy Vanrompay
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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24
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Masui K, Harachi M, Ikegami S, Yang H, Onizuka H, Yong WH, Cloughesy TF, Muragaki Y, Kawamata T, Arai N, Komori T, Cavenee WK, Mischel PS, Shibata N. mTORC2 links growth factor signaling with epigenetic regulation of iron metabolism in glioblastoma. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:19740-19751. [PMID: 31712311 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer, aberrant growth factor receptor signaling reprograms cellular metabolism and global gene transcription to drive aggressive growth, but the underlying mechanisms are not well-understood. Here we show that in the highly lethal brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM), mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2), a critical core component of the growth factor signaling system, couples acetyl-CoA production with nuclear translocation of histone-modifying enzymes including pyruvate dehydrogenase and class IIa histone deacetylases to globally alter histone acetylation. Integrated analyses in orthotopic mouse models and in clinical GBM samples reveal that mTORC2 controls iron metabolisms via histone H3 acetylation of the iron-related gene promoter, promoting tumor cell survival. These results nominate mTORC2 as a critical epigenetic regulator of iron metabolism in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Masui
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Mio Harachi
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegami
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Huijun Yang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Hiromi Onizuka
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - William H Yong
- Henry Singleton Brain Tumor Program, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Timothy F Cloughesy
- Henry Singleton Brain Tumor Program, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Yoshihiro Muragaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Takakazu Kawamata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Arai
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Musashinodai, Tokyo 183-0042, Japan
| | - Webster K Cavenee
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Paul S Mischel
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.,Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Noriyuki Shibata
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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25
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Suda K, Muraoka Y, Ortega-Yáñez A, Yoshida H, Kizu F, Hochin T, Kimura H, Yamaguchi M. Reduction of Rpd3 suppresses defects in locomotive ability and neuronal morphology induced by the knockdown of Drosophila SLC25A46 via an epigenetic pathway. Exp Cell Res 2019; 385:111673. [PMID: 31614134 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction causes various diseases. Mutations in the SLC25A46 gene have been identified in mitochondrial diseases that are sometimes classified as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2, optic atrophy, and Leigh syndrome. A homolog of SLC25A46 was identified in Drosophila and designated as dSLC25A46 (CG5755). We previously established mitochondrial disease model targeting of dSLC25A46, which causes locomotive dysfunction and morphological defects at neuromuscular junctions, such as reduced synaptic branch lengths and decreased numbers of boutons. The diverse symptoms of mitochondrial diseases carrying mutations in SLC25A46 may be associated with the dysregulation of some epigenetic regulators. To investigate the involvement of epigenetic regulators in mitochondrial diseases, we examined candidate epigenetic regulators that interact with human SLC25A46 by searching Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). We discovered that HDAC1 binds to several SLC25A46 genomic regions in human cultured CD4 (+) cells, and attempted to prove this in an in vivo Drosophila model. By demonstrating that Rpd3, Drosophila HDAC1, regulates the histone H4K8 acetylation state in dSLC25A46 genomic regions, we confirmed that Rpd3 is a novel epigenetic regulator modifying the phenotypes observed with the mitochondrial disease model targeting of dSLC25A46. The functional reduction of Rpd3 rescued the deficient locomotive ability and aberrant morphology of motoneurons at presynaptic terminals induced by the dSLC25A46 knockdown. The present results suggest that the inhibition of HDAC1 suppresses the pathogenic processes that lead to the degeneration of motoneurons in mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Suda
- Department of Applied Biology, Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuuka Muraoka
- Department of Applied Biology, Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Andrea Ortega-Yáñez
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo Y Fisiología Molecular Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Hideki Yoshida
- Department of Applied Biology, Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Fuma Kizu
- Department of Information Science, Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Hochin
- Department of Information Science, Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Biology, Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
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Schnake N, Gutiérrez S. Etoposide-induced DNA damage in a chromosomal breakpoint of RUNX1 gene is independent of RUNX1 expression. Leuk Res Rep 2019; 12:100182. [PMID: 31516823 PMCID: PMC6731348 DOI: 10.1016/j.lrr.2019.100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we analyzed the association between RUNX1 gene expression and the accessibility of BCR3, one of RUNX1 gene breakpoint regions involved in the chromosomal translocation (8;21), a frequent translocation in treatment-related acute myeloid leukemia patients. To this end, we evaluate DNA damage generation induced by in vitro etoposide treatment of KG-1 and Colo320 cells. Our results show that treatment using clinical doses of etoposide for 24 h induces the generation of DNA double strand breaks in the BCR3 of RUNX1 gene in KG-1 cells, but not in Colo320 cells, even though both cell lines express RUNX1 gene. These findings suggest that chromatin accessibility and DNA damage generation at the BCR3 due to treatment with etoposide, is independent of RUNX1 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Schnake
- Laboratory of Epigenetics [EpiGene], Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Soraya Gutiérrez
- Laboratory of Epigenetics [EpiGene], Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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27
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Pritchard R, Chen H, Romoli B, Spitzer NC, Dulcis D. Photoperiod-induced neurotransmitter plasticity declines with aging: An epigenetic regulation? J Comp Neurol 2019; 528:199-210. [PMID: 31343079 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity has classically been understood to arise through changes in synaptic strength or synaptic connectivity. A newly discovered form of neuroplasticity, neurotransmitter switching, involves changes in neurotransmitter identity. Chronic exposure to different photoperiods alters the number of dopamine (tyrosine hydroxylase, TH+) and somatostatin (SST+) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PaVN) of the hypothalamus of adult rats and results in discrete behavioral changes. Here, we investigate whether photoperiod-induced neurotransmitter switching persists during aging and whether epigenetic mechanisms of histone acetylation and DNA methylation may contribute to this neurotransmitter plasticity. We show that this plasticity in rats is robust at 1 and at 3 months but reduced in TH+ neurons at 12 months and completely abolished in both TH+ and SST+ neurons by 18 months. De novo expression of DNMT3a catalyzing DNA methylation and anti-AcetylH3 assessing histone 3 acetylation were observed following short-day photoperiod exposure in both TH+ and SST+ neurons at 1 and 3 months while an overall increase in DNMT3a in SST+ neurons paralleled neuroplasticity reduction at 12 and 18 months. Histone acetylation increased in TH+ neurons and decreased in SST+ neurons following short-day exposure at 3 months while the total number of anti-AcetylH3+ PaVN neurons remained constant. Reciprocal histone acetylation in TH+ and SST+ neurons indicates the importance of studying epigenetic regulation at the circuit level for identified cell phenotypes. The findings may be useful for developing approaches for noninvasive treatment of disorders characterized by neurotransmitter dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Pritchard
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences and Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Helene Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ben Romoli
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nicholas C Spitzer
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences and Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Davide Dulcis
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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28
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Schnake N, Hinojosa M, Gutiérrez S. Identification of a novel long non-coding RNA within RUNX1 intron 5. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:33. [PMID: 31366376 PMCID: PMC6670153 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background RUNX1 gene, a master regulator of the hematopoietic process, participates in pathological conditions as a partner for several genes in chromosomal translocations. One of the most frequent chromosomal translocations found in acute myeloid leukemia patients is the t(8;21), in which RUNX1 and ETO genes recombine. In RUNX1 gene, the DNA double-strand breaks that originate the t(8;21) are generated in the intron 5, specifically within three regions designated as BCR1, BCR2, and BCR3. To date, what determines that these regions are more susceptible to DNA double-strand breaks is not completely clear. In this report, we characterized RUNX1 intron 5, by analyzing DNase-seq and ChIP-seq data, available in the ENCODE Project server, to evaluate DNaseI hypersensitivity and the presence of the epigenetic mark H3K4me3 in 124 and 51 cell types, respectively. Results Our results show that intron 5 exhibits an epigenetic mark distribution similar to known promoter regions. Moreover, using the online tool YAPP and available CAGE data from the ENCODE Project server, we identified several putative transcription start sites within intron 5 in regions BCR2 and BCR3. Finally, available EST data was analyzed, identifying a novel uncharacterized long non-coding RNA, which is expressed in hematopoietic cell lines as shown by RT-PCR. Our data suggests that the core promoter of the novel long non-coding RNA locates within the region BCR3. Conclusion We identified a novel long non-coding RNA within RUNX1 intron 5, transcribed from a promoter located in the region BCR3, one of the chromosomal breakpoints of RUNX1 gene. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40246-019-0219-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Schnake
- Laboratory of Epigenetics [EpiGene], Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción, Chile
| | - Marcela Hinojosa
- Laboratory of Epigenetics [EpiGene], Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción, Chile
| | - Soraya Gutiérrez
- Laboratory of Epigenetics [EpiGene], Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción, Chile.
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29
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Barros SP, Hefni E, Nepomuceno R, Offenbacher S, North K. Targeting epigenetic mechanisms in periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2019; 78:174-184. [PMID: 30198133 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic factors are heritable genome modifications that potentially impact gene transcription, contributing to disease states. Epigenetic marks play an important role in chronic inflammatory conditions, as observed in periodontal diseases, by allowing microbial persistence or by permitting microbial insult to play a role in the so-called 'hit-and-run' infectious mechanism, leading to lasting pathogen interference with the host genome. Epigenetics also affects the health sciences by providing a dynamic mechanistic framework to explain the way in which environmental and behavioral factors interact with the genome to alter disease risk. In this article we review current knowledge of epigenome regulation in light of the multifactorial nature of periodontal diseases. We discuss epigenetic tagging in identified genes, and consider the potential implications of epigenetic changes on host-microbiome dynamics in chronic inflammatory states and in response to environmental stressors. The most recent advances in genomic technologies have placed us in a position to analyze interaction effects (eg, between periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus), which can be investigated through epigenome-wide association analysis. Finally, because of the individualized traits of epigenetic biomarkers, pharmacoepigenomic perspectives are also considered as potentially novel therapeutic approaches for improving periodontal disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana P Barros
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hil, NC, USA
| | - Eman Hefni
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafael Nepomuceno
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hil, NC, USA
| | - Steven Offenbacher
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hil, NC, USA
| | - Kari North
- Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Wu R, Wang T, Richardson AC, Allan AC, Macknight RC, Varkonyi-Gasic E. Histone modification and activation by SOC1-like and drought stress-related transcription factors may regulate AcSVP2 expression during kiwifruit winter dormancy. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 281:242-250. [PMID: 30824057 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP)-like and DORMANCY ASSOCIATED MADS-BOX (DAM) genes have been shown to regulate winter dormancy in woody perennials. In kiwifruit, AcSVP2 affects the duration of dormancy in cultivars that require high chill for dormancy release. In this study, we used a low-chill kiwifruit Actinidia chinensis 'Hort16A' to further study the function and regulation of AcSVP2. Overexpression of AcSVP2 in transgenic A. chinensis delayed budbreak in spring. A reduction in the active trimethylation histone marks of the histone H3K4 and acetylation of histone H3 contributed to the reduction of AcSVP2 expression towards dormancy release, while the inactive histone marks of trimethylation of the histone H3K27 and H3K9 in AcSVP2 locus did not show significant enrichment at the end of winter dormancy. Analysis of expression in shoot buds showed that AcSVP2 transcript was elevated in dormant buds during winter months and declined prior to budbreak, which was coordinated with expression of some of kiwifruit SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1)-like genes. Screening of 101 transcription factors in an assay with a 2.3 kb promoter region of AcSVP2 found that kiwifruit SOC1-like genes are able to activate the AcSVP2 promoter. We further identified additional transcription factors associated with drought/osmotic stress and dormancy which may regulate AcSVP2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongmei Wu
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR) Mt Albert, Private Bag 92169, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tianchi Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR) Mt Albert, Private Bag 92169, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Annette C Richardson
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR) Kerikeri, 121 Keri Downs Road, RD1, Kerikeri 0294, New Zealand
| | - Andrew C Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR) Mt Albert, Private Bag 92169, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard C Macknight
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Erika Varkonyi-Gasic
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR) Mt Albert, Private Bag 92169, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Samarajeewa A, Jacques BE, Dabdoub A. Therapeutic Potential of Wnt and Notch Signaling and Epigenetic Regulation in Mammalian Sensory Hair Cell Regeneration. Mol Ther 2019; 27:904-911. [PMID: 30982678 PMCID: PMC6520458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent sensory deficits worldwide and can result from the death of mechanosensory hair cells that transduce auditory signals in the cochlea. The mammalian cochlea lacks the capacity to regenerate these hair cells once damaged, and currently there are no biological therapies for hearing loss. Understanding the signaling pathways responsible for hair cell development can inform regenerative strategies and identify targets for treating hearing loss. The canonical Wnt and Notch pathways are critical for cochlear development; they converge on several key molecules, such as Atoh1, to regulate prosensory specification, proliferation, hair cell differentiation, and cellular organization. Much work has focused on Wnt and Notch modulation in the neonatal mouse cochlea, where they can promote hair cell regeneration. However, this regenerative response is limited in the adult cochlea and this might be attributed to age-dependent epigenetic modifications. Indeed, the epigenetic status at key gene loci undergoes dynamic changes during cochlear development, maturation, and aging. Therefore, strategies to improve regenerative success in the adult cochlea might require the modulation of Wnt, Notch, or other pathways, as well as targeted epigenetic modifications to alter the activity of key genes critical for supporting cell proliferation or transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshula Samarajeewa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Alain Dabdoub
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
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Legge DN, Shephard AP, Collard TJ, Greenhough A, Chambers AC, Clarkson RW, Paraskeva C, Williams AC. BCL-3 promotes a cancer stem cell phenotype by enhancing β-catenin signalling in colorectal tumour cells. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.037697. [PMID: 30792270 PMCID: PMC6451435 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.037697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To decrease bowel cancer incidence and improve survival, we need to understand the mechanisms that drive tumorigenesis. Recently, B-cell lymphoma 3 (BCL-3; a key regulator of NF-κB signalling) has been recognised as an important oncogenic player in solid tumours. Although reported to be overexpressed in a subset of colorectal cancers (CRCs), the role of BCL-3 expression in colorectal tumorigenesis remains poorly understood. Despite evidence in the literature that BCL-3 may interact with β-catenin, it is perhaps surprising, given the importance of deregulated Wnt/β-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF) signalling in colorectal carcinogenesis, that the functional significance of this interaction is not known. Here, we show for the first time that BCL-3 acts as a co-activator of β-catenin/TCF-mediated transcriptional activity in CRC cell lines and that this interaction is important for Wnt-regulated intestinal stem cell gene expression. We demonstrate that targeting BCL-3 expression (using RNA interference) reduced β-catenin/TCF-dependent transcription and the expression of intestinal stem cell genes LGR5 and ASCL2. In contrast, the expression of canonical Wnt targets Myc and cyclin D1 remained unchanged. Furthermore, we show that BCL-3 increases the functional stem cell phenotype, as shown by colorectal spheroid and tumoursphere formation in 3D culture conditions. We propose that BCL-3 acts as a driver of the stem cell phenotype in CRC cells, potentially promoting tumour cell plasticity and therapeutic resistance. As recent reports highlight the limitations of directly targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs), we believe that identifying and targeting drivers of stem cell plasticity have significant potential as new therapeutic targets. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: BCL-3 acts as a co-activator of β-catenin/TCF-mediated transcriptional activity, driving a stem-cell-like phenotype in colorectal cancer cells, with implications for tumour cell plasticity and therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny N Legge
- Colorectal Tumour Biology Group, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Alex P Shephard
- Colorectal Tumour Biology Group, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Tracey J Collard
- Colorectal Tumour Biology Group, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Alexander Greenhough
- Colorectal Tumour Biology Group, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.,Centre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Adam C Chambers
- Colorectal Tumour Biology Group, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Richard W Clarkson
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cathays, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Christos Paraskeva
- Colorectal Tumour Biology Group, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Ann C Williams
- Colorectal Tumour Biology Group, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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Allyl isothiocyanate regulates lysine acetylation and methylation marks in an experimental model of malignant melanoma. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:557-569. [PMID: 30762097 PMCID: PMC7058602 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01925-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s) Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are biologically active plant secondary metabolites capable of mediating various biological effects including modulation of the epigenome. Our aim was to characterize the effect of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on lysine acetylation and methylation marks as a potential epigenetic-induced anti-melanoma strategy. Methods Our malignant melanoma model consisted of (1) human (A375) and murine (B16-F10) malignant melanoma as well as of human; (2) brain (VMM1) and lymph node (Hs 294T) metastatic melanoma; (3) non-melanoma epidermoid carcinoma (A431) and (4) immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells subjected to AITC. Cell viability, histone deacetylases (HDACs) and acetyltransferases (HATs) activities were evaluated by the Alamar blue, Epigenase HDAC Activity/Inhibition and EpiQuik HAT Activity/Inhibition assay kits, respectively, while their expression levels together with those of lysine acetylation and methylation marks by western immunoblotting. Finally, apoptotic gene expression was assessed by an RT-PCR-based gene expression profiling methodology. Results AITC reduces cell viability, decreases HDACs and HATs activities and causes changes in protein expression levels of various HDACs, HATs, and histone methyl transferases (HMTs) all of which have a profound effect on specific lysine acetylation and methylation marks. Moreover, AITC regulates the expression of a number of genes participating in various apoptotic cascades thus indicating its involvement in apoptotic induction. Conclusions AITC exerts a potent epigenetic effect suggesting its potential involvement as a promising epigenetic-induced bioactive for the treatment of malignant melanoma.
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Kumaran N, van der Burg CA, Qin Y, Cameron SL, Clarke AR, Prentis PJ. Plant-Mediated Female Transcriptomic Changes Post-Mating in a Tephritid Fruit Fly, Bactrocera tryoni. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:94-107. [PMID: 29220418 PMCID: PMC5765559 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Female post-mating behaviors are regulated by complex factors involving males, females, and the environment. In insects, plant secondary compounds that males actively forage for, may indirectly modify female behaviors by altering male behavior and physiology. In the tephritid fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, females mated with males previously fed on plant-derived phenylpropanoids (=“lures” based on usage in tephritid literature), have longer mating refractoriness, greater fecundity, and reduced longevity than females mated with non-lure fed males. This system thus provides a model for studying transcriptional changes associated with those post-mating behaviors, as the genes regulating the phenotypic changes are likely to be expressed at a greater magnitude than in control females. We performed comparative transcriptome analyses using virgin B. tryoni females, females mated with control males (control-mated), and females mated with lure-fed males (lure-mated). We found 331 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in control-mated females and 80 additional DEGs in lure-mated females. Although DEGs in control-mated females are mostly immune response genes and chorion proteins, as reported in Drosophila species, DEGs in lure-mated females are titin-like muscle proteins, histones, sperm, and testis expressed proteins which have not been previously reported. While transcripts regulating mating (e.g., lingerer) did not show differential expression in either of the mated female classes, the odorant binding protein Obp56a was down-regulated. The exclusively enriched or suppressed genes in lure-mated females, novel transcripts such as titin and histones, and several taxa-specific transcripts reported here can shed more light on post-mating transcriptional changes, and this can help understand factors possibly regulating female post-mating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagalingam Kumaran
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chloé A van der Burg
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yujia Qin
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephen L Cameron
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN47907, USA
| | - Anthony R Clarke
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter J Prentis
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute of Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Mitsiogianni M, Amery T, Franco R, Zoumpourlis V, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. From chemo-prevention to epigenetic regulation: The role of isothiocyanates in skin cancer prevention. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 190:187-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to discuss recent observations of epigenetic changes related to the complex pathogenesis of systemic vasculitides and their contribution to the field. RECENT FINDINGS There have been new observations of epigenetic changes in vasculitis and their potential role in disease pathogenesis in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, giant-cell arteritis, Kawasaki disease, Behçet's disease, and IgA vasculitis. Some of this recent work has focused on the efficacy of using DNA methylation and miRNA expression as clinical biomarkers for disease activity and how DNA methylation and histone modifications interact to regulate disease-related gene expression. SUMMARY DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA expression changes are all fruitful ground for biomarker discovery and therapeutic targets in vasculitis. Current knowledge has provided targeted and suggested effects, but in many cases, has relied upon small cohorts, cosmopolitan cell populations, and limited knowledge of functional interactions. Expanding our knowledge of how these epigenetic mechanisms interact in a disease-specific and cell-specific manner will help to better understand the pathogenesis of systemic vasculitis.
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Mostafavi S, Gaiteri C, Sullivan SE, White CC, Tasaki S, Xu J, Taga M, Klein HU, Patrick E, Komashko V, McCabe C, Smith R, Bradshaw EM, Root DE, Regev A, Yu L, Chibnik LB, Schneider JA, Young-Pearse TL, Bennett DA, De Jager PL. A molecular network of the aging human brain provides insights into the pathology and cognitive decline of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:811-819. [PMID: 29802388 PMCID: PMC6599633 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for new therapeutic targets with which to prevent Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a major contributor to aging-related cognitive decline. Here, we report the construction and validation of a molecular network of the aging human frontal cortex. Using RNA sequence data from 478 individuals, we first build a molecular network using modules of coexpressed genes and then relate these modules to AD and its neuropathologic and cognitive endophenotypes. We confirm these associations in two independent AD datasets as well as in epigenomic data. We also illustrate the use of the network in prioritizing amyloid-associated genes for in vitro validation in human neurons and astrocytes. These analyses based on unique cohorts enable us to resolve the role of distinct cortical modules that have a direct effect on the accumulation of AD pathology from those that have a direct effect on cognitive decline, exemplifying a network approach to complex diseases. Systems biology analysis of RNA sequencing data from the aging human cortex identifies a molecular network which prioritizes groups of genes that influence cognitive decline or neuropathology in Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mostafavi
- Department of Statistics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chris Gaiteri
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah E Sullivan
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Shinya Tasaki
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jishu Xu
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mariko Taga
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hans-Ulrich Klein
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Vitalina Komashko
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Robert Smith
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Bradshaw
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lori B Chibnik
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tracy L Young-Pearse
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Gomes SIL, Roca CP, Pegoraro N, Trindade T, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Amorim MJB. High-throughput tool to discriminate effects of NMs (Cu-NPs, Cu-nanowires, CuNO 3, and Cu salt aged): transcriptomics in Enchytraeus crypticus. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:325-340. [PMID: 29506436 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1446559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The current testing of nanomaterials (NMs) via standard toxicity tests does not cover many of the NMs specificities. One of the recommendations lays on understanding the mechanisms of action, as these can help predicting long-term effects and safe-by-design production. In the present study, we used the high-throughput gene expression tool, developed for Enchytraeus crypticus (4 × 44k Agilent microarray), to study the effects of exposure to several copper (Cu) forms. The Cu treatments included two NMs (spherical and wires) and two copper-salt treatments (CuNO3 spiked and Cu salt field historical contamination). To relate gene expression with higher effect level, testing was done with reproduction effect concentrations (EC20, EC50), using 3 and 7 days as exposure periods. Results showed that time plays a major role in the transcriptomic response, most of it occurring after 3 days. Analysis of gene expression profiles showed that Cu-salt-aged and Cu-nanowires (Nwires) differed from CuNO3 and Cu-nanoparticles (NPs). Functional analysis revealed specific mechanisms: Cu-NPs uniquely affected senescence and cuticle pattern formation, which can result from the contact of the NPs with the worms' tegument. Cu-Nwires affected reproduction via male gamete generation and hermaphrodite genitalia development. CuNO3 affected neurotransmission and locomotory behavior, both of which can be related with avoidance response. Cu salt-aged uniquely affected phagocytosis and reproductive system development (via different mechanisms than Cu-Nwires). For the first time for Cu (nano)materials, the adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) drafted here provide an overview for common and unique effects per material and linkage with apical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana I L Gomes
- a Department of Biology & CESAM , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Carlos P Roca
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona , Spain.,c Department of Bioscience , Aarhus University , Silkeborg , Denmark
| | - Natália Pegoraro
- a Department of Biology & CESAM , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Tito Trindade
- d Department of Chemistry & CICECO , Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | | | - Mónica J B Amorim
- a Department of Biology & CESAM , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
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González B, Jayanthi S, Gomez N, Torres OV, Sosa MH, Bernardi A, Urbano FJ, García-Rill E, Cadet JL, Bisagno V. Repeated methamphetamine and modafinil induce differential cognitive effects and specific histone acetylation and DNA methylation profiles in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 82:1-11. [PMID: 29247759 PMCID: PMC6983674 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) and modafinil are psychostimulants with different long-term cognitive profiles: METH is addictive and leads to cognitive decline, whereas modafinil has little abuse liability and is a cognitive enhancer. Increasing evidence implicates epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation behind the lasting changes that drugs of abuse and other psychotropic compounds induce in the brain, like the control of gene expression by histones 3 and 4 tails acetylation (H3ac and H4ac) and DNA cytosine methylation (5-mC). Mice were treated with a seven-day repeated METH, modafinil or vehicle protocol and evaluated in the novel object recognition (NOR) test or sacrificed 4days after last injection for molecular assays. We evaluated total H3ac, H4ac and 5-mC levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), H3ac and H4ac promotor enrichment (ChIP) and mRNA expression (RT-PCR) of neurotransmitter systems involved in arousal, wakefulness and cognitive control, like dopaminergic (Drd1 and Drd2), α-adrenergic (Adra1a and Adra1b), orexinergic (Hcrtr1 and Hcrtr2), histaminergic (Hrh1 and Hrh3) and glutamatergic (AMPA Gria1 and NMDA Grin1) receptors. Repeated METH and modafinil treatment elicited different cognitive outcomes in the NOR test, where modafinil-treated mice performed as controls and METH-treated mice showed impaired recognition memory. METH-treated mice also showed i) decreased levels of total H3ac and H4ac, and increased levels of 5-mC, ii) decreased H3ac enrichment at promoters of Drd2, Hcrtr1/2, Hrh1 and Grin1, and increased H4ac enrichment at Drd1, Hrh1 and Grin1, iii) increased mRNA of Drd1a, Grin1 and Gria1. Modafinil-treated mice shared none of these effects and showed increased H3ac enrichment and mRNA expression at Adra1b. Modafinil and METH showed similar effects linked to decreased H3ac in Hrh3, increased H4ac in Hcrtr1, and decreased mRNA expression of Hcrtr2. The specific METH-induced epigenetic and transcriptional changes described here may be related to the long-term cognitive decline effects of the drug and its detrimental effects on mPFC function. The lack of similar epigenetic effects of chronic modafinil administration supports this notion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betina González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (Universidad de Buenos Aires – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Subramaniam Jayanthi
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Natalia Gomez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (Universidad de Buenos Aires – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar V. Torres
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, San Diego Mesa College, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Máximo H. Sosa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (Universidad de Buenos Aires – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Bernardi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (Universidad de Buenos Aires – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco J. Urbano
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (Universidad de Buenos Aires – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edgar García-Rill
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Jean-Lud Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.,Corresponding authors: Veronica Bisagno, Ph.D. Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA-UBA-CONICET), Junín 956, piso 5, C1113-Buenos Aires, Argentina. Phone: (+54-11) 4961-6784, Fax: (+54-11) 4963-8593. Jean-Lud Cadet, MD
| | - Verónica Bisagno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Minotti L, Baldassari F, Galasso M, Volinia S, Bergamini CM, Bianchi N. A long non-coding RNA inside the type 2 transglutaminase gene tightly correlates with the expression of its transcriptional variants. Amino Acids 2018; 50:421-438. [PMID: 29313085 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are matter of intense investigation as potential regulators of gene expression. In the case of the transglutaminase 2 gene (TGM2) the databases of genome sequence indicate location of a lncRNA (LOC107987281) within the first intron. This lncRNA is 1000 bp long, arises from 2 exons and starts few nucleotides 3' of the first splicing site of translated TGM2. We have analysed correlations between expression of LOC107987281 lncRNA and TGM2 mRNA by real-time PCR in K562 cell line untreated or treated with the anticancer drugs TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate), Docetaxel and Doxorubicin. In the treated cells the lncRNA increase follows the trend of TGM2 transcript. To validate this finding we used HumanExon1_0ST Affymetrix; chip data were background-adjusted, quantile-normalized and summarized using robust multi-array average analysis implemented in the R package. The probesets recognize sequences inside each exon, near intronic splicing sites and others located in the untranslated regions of TGM2 gene. The analysis of total RNA samples in GEO datasets from K562, HL-60, THP-1 and U937 cell lines, untreated or treated with TPA in replicated experiments confirmed our earlier results. These demonstrate correlation between LOC107987281 and TGM2 mRNA in the cell lines (K562, HL60 and THP-1) where increased levels of TGM2 mRNA are produced. Additional array study on 358 samples of several normal and paired tumor tissues leads to the same conclusions, indicating a correlation between full-length TGM2 mRNA and LOC107987281 lncRNA in relation to the development of several tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Minotti
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Baldassari
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Galasso
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo M Bergamini
- Section of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Specialist Surgery, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Section of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Specialist Surgery, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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Huynh NCN, Everts V, Ampornaramveth RS. Histone deacetylases and their roles in mineralized tissue regeneration. Bone Rep 2017; 7:33-40. [PMID: 28856178 PMCID: PMC5565747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone acetylation is an important epigenetic mechanism that controls expression of certain genes. It includes non-sequence-based changes of chromosomal regional structure that can alter the expression of genes. Acetylation of histones is controlled by the activity of two groups of enzymes: the histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). HDACs remove acetyl groups from the histone tail, which alters its charge and thus promotes compaction of DNA in the nucleosome. HDACs render the chromatin structure into a more compact form of heterochromatin, which makes the genes inaccessible for transcription. By altering the transcriptional activity of bone-associated genes, HDACs control both osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. This review presents an overview of the function of HDACs in the modulation of bone formation. Special attention is paid to the use of HDAC inhibitors in mineralized tissue regeneration from cells of dental origin. HDACs regulate the transcription activity of bone related genes. Inhibition of HDAC promotes osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation. HDAC inhibitors are applicable for mineral tissue regeneration therapy.
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Key Words
- ADSCs, adipose tissue-derived stem cells
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- BSP, bone sialoprotein
- Bone regeneration
- COL1, type I collagen
- DMP1, dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1
- DPSCs, dental-derived stem cells
- DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein
- Dentin formation
- Epigenetic
- GSK-3, glycogen synthase kinase
- HAT, histone acetyltransferase
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- Histone acetyltransferase
- Histone deacetylase
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- NaB, sodium butyrate
- OCN, osteocalcin
- OPN, osteopontin
- PCL/PEG, polycaprolactone/polyethylene glycol
- RUNX2, runt-related transcription factor 2
- SOST, sclerostin
- TGF-β/BMP, transforming growth factor-β/bone morphogenetic protein
- TSA, Trichostatin A
- VPA, valproic acid
- WNT/β-catenin, Wingless-int
- hPDLCs, human periodontal ligament cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh
- Department of Dental Basic Sciences, Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Vincent Everts
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Research Institute MOVE, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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42
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Epigenetic Regulation of Adipokines. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081740. [PMID: 28796178 PMCID: PMC5578130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue expansion in obesity leads to changes in the expression of adipokines, adipocyte-specific hormones that can regulate whole body energy metabolism. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is a mechanism by which cells can alter gene expression through the modifications of DNA and histones. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, are intimately tied to energy metabolism due to their dependence on metabolic intermediates such as S-adenosylmethionine and acetyl-CoA. Altered expression of adipokines in obesity may be due to epigenetic changes. The goal of this review is to highlight current knowledge of epigenetic regulation of adipokines.
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43
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Lu R, Mucaki EJ, Rogan PK. Discovery and validation of information theory-based transcription factor and cofactor binding site motifs. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:e27. [PMID: 27899659 PMCID: PMC5389469 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Data from ChIP-seq experiments can derive the genome-wide binding specificities of transcription factors (TFs) and other regulatory proteins. We analyzed 765 ENCODE ChIP-seq peak datasets of 207 human TFs with a novel motif discovery pipeline based on recursive, thresholded entropy minimization. This approach, while obviating the need to compensate for skewed nucleotide composition, distinguishes true binding motifs from noise, quantifies the strengths of individual binding sites based on computed affinity and detects adjacent cofactor binding sites that coordinate with the targets of primary, immunoprecipitated TFs. We obtained contiguous and bipartite information theory-based position weight matrices (iPWMs) for 93 sequence-specific TFs, discovered 23 cofactor motifs for 127 TFs and revealed six high-confidence novel motifs. The reliability and accuracy of these iPWMs were determined via four independent validation methods, including the detection of experimentally proven binding sites, explanation of effects of characterized SNPs, comparison with previously published motifs and statistical analyses. We also predict previously unreported TF coregulatory interactions (e.g. TF complexes). These iPWMs constitute a powerful tool for predicting the effects of sequence variants in known binding sites, performing mutation analysis on regulatory SNPs and predicting previously unrecognized binding sites and target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipeng Lu
- Department of Computer Science, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Eliseos J Mucaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Peter K Rogan
- Department of Computer Science, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 4L6, Canada.,Cytognomix Inc., London, Ontario, N5X 3X5, Canada
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44
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Phosphorylated HBO1 at UV irradiated sites is essential for nucleotide excision repair. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16102. [PMID: 28719581 PMCID: PMC5520108 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HBO1, a histone acetyl transferase, is a co-activator of DNA pre-replication complex formation. We recently reported that HBO1 is phosphorylated by ATM and/or ATR and binds to DDB2 after ultraviolet irradiation. Here, we show that phosphorylated HBO1 at cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) sites mediates histone acetylation to facilitate recruitment of XPC at the damaged DNA sites. Furthermore, HBO1 facilitates accumulation of SNF2H and ACF1, an ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling complex, to CPD sites. Depletion of HBO1 inhibited repair of CPDs and sensitized cells to ultraviolet irradiation. However, depletion of HBO1 in cells derived from xeroderma pigmentosum patient complementation groups, XPE, XPC and XPA, did not lead to additional sensitivity towards ultraviolet irradiation. Our findings suggest that HBO1 acts in concert with SNF2H-ACF1 to make the chromosome structure more accessible to canonical nucleotide excision repair factors.
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45
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Honma K, Kamikubo M, Mochizuki K, Goda T. Insulin-induced inhibition of gluconeogenesis genes, including glutamic pyruvic transaminase 2, is associated with reduced histone acetylation in a human liver cell line. Metabolism 2017; 71:118-124. [PMID: 28521864 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatic glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT; also known as alanine aminotransferase) is a gluconeogenesis enzyme that catalyzes conversions between alanine and pyruvic acid. It is also used as a blood biomarker for hepatic damage. In this study, we investigated whether insulin regulates GPT expression, as it does for other gluconeogenesis genes, and if this involves the epigenetic modification of histone acetylation. METHODS Human liver-derived HepG2 cells were cultured with 0.5-100nM insulin for 8h, and the mRNA expression of GPT, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), PCK1, G6PC and FBP1 was measured. We also investigated the extent of histone acetylation around these genes. RESULTS Insulin suppressed the mRNA expression of gluconeogenesis genes (GPT2, GOT1, GOT2, GGT1, GGT2, G6PC, and PCK1) in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. mRNA levels of GPT2, but not GPT1, were decreased by insulin. Histone acetylation was also reduced around GPT2, G6PC, and PCK1 in response to insulin. CONCLUSION The expression of GPT2 and other gluconeogenesis genes such as G6PC and PCK1 was suppressed by insulin, in association with decreases in histone H3 and H4 acetylation surrounding these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazue Honma
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Department of Nutrition and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Michiko Kamikubo
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Department of Nutrition and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Mochizuki
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Department of Nutrition and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan; Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toshinao Goda
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Department of Nutrition and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
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46
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Jha PK, Khan MI, Mishra A, Das P, Sinha KK. HAT2 mediates histone H4K4 acetylation and affects micrococcal nuclease sensitivity of chromatin in Leishmania donovani. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177372. [PMID: 28486547 PMCID: PMC5423686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as acetylation and methylation are known to affect chromatin higher order structures. Primary targets of these modifications include basic residues present at N-terminus tail region of core histones. Four histone acetyltransferase (HAT) genes have been identified in trypanosomatids. HAT1, HAT3 and HAT4 of Leishmania donovani have been partially characterized. However, there is no report about HAT2 of Leishmania donovani. Lysine residues present on the N-terminal tail of Leishmania donovani histone H4 are conserved in other trypanosomatids and humans. PTMs of lysines modulate various functions at chromatin level. The four histone acetyltransferases encoded in Leishmania genome were over-expressed to analyse their functional activity. All four HATs were found actively acetylating core histones H3/H4. Similar to L. donovani HAT3 and HAT4, HAT2 was found to be a member of MYST family protein and have SAS2 type domain. Over-expression of HAT2 significantly increases acetylation of H4K4. To analyse the effect of HAT2 over-expression on chromatin accessibility, micrococcal nuclease digestion assay was performed. MNase digestion resulted in a higher proportion of the mononucleosomes and dinucleosomes in HAT2 over-expressing cells as compared to WT L. donovani cells. Acetylation of lysine-4 neutralizes the amino terminal region of histone H4. This weakens its interaction with neighbouring nucleosomes and the linker DNA. HAT2 over-expression in L. donovani resulted in highly accessible chromatin suggesting chromatin decondensation. HAT2 may have an important role to play in global regulation of transcription in L. donovani. Better understanding of these epigenetic determinants of parasite would help in designing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin K Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Mohd Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Anshul Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Pradeep Das
- Molecular Biology Division, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Kislay K Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
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47
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Transcriptional mechanism of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced expression of protein kinase CβII in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43228. [PMID: 28233872 PMCID: PMC5324130 DOI: 10.1038/srep43228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A key feature of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells is overexpressed protein kinase CβII (PKCβII), an S/T kinase important in the pathogenesis of this and other B cell malignancies. The mechanisms contributing to enhanced transcription of the gene coding for PKCβII, PRKCB, in CLL cells remain poorly described, but could be important because of potential insight into how the phenotype of these cells is regulated. Here, we show that SP1 is the major driver of PKCβII expression in CLL cells where enhanced association of this transcription factor with the PRKCB promoter is likely because of the presence of histone marks permissive of gene activation. We also show how vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates PRKCB promoter function in CLL cells, stimulating PKCβ gene transcription via increased association of SP1 and decreased association of STAT3. Taken together, these results are the first to demonstrate a clear role for SP1 in the up regulation of PKCβII expression in CLL cells, and the first to link SP1 with the pathogenesis of this and potentially other B cell malignancies where PKCβII is overexpressed.
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48
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The Histone Deacetylase Gene Rpd3 Is Required for Starvation Stress Resistance. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167554. [PMID: 27907135 PMCID: PMC5132236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation in starvation is important but not fully understood yet. Here we identified the Rpd3 gene, a Drosophila homolog of histone deacetylase 1, as a critical epigenetic regulator for acquiring starvation stress resistance. Immunostaining analyses of Drosophila fat body revealed that the subcellular localization and levels of Rpd3 dynamically changed responding to starvation stress. In response to starvation stress, the level of Rpd3 rapidly increased, and it accumulated in the nucleolus in what appeared to be foci. These observations suggest that Rpd3 plays a role in regulation of rRNA synthesis in the nucleolus. The RT-qPCR and ChIP-qPCR analyses clarified that Rpd3 binds to the genomic region containing the rRNA promoters and activates rRNA synthesis in response to starvation stress. Polysome analyses revealed that the amount of polysomes was decreased in Rpd3 knockdown flies under starvation stress compared with the control flies. Since the autophagy-related proteins are known to be starvation stress tolerance proteins, we examined autophagy activity, and it was reduced in Rpd3 knockdown flies. Taken together, we conclude that Rpd3 accumulates in the nucleolus in the early stage of starvation, upregulates rRNA synthesis, maintains the polysome amount for translation, and finally increases stress tolerance proteins, such as autophagy-related proteins, to acquire starvation stress resistance.
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49
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Inamochi Y, Dey A, Nishiyama A, Kubota T, Ozato K, Goda T, Mochizuki K. Transcription elongation factor Brd4-P-TEFb accelerates intestinal differentiation-associated SLC2A5 gene expression. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 7:150-156. [PMID: 28955901 PMCID: PMC5613281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of the fructose transporter gene SLC2A5 and histone acetylation in the transcribed region are induced by differentiation associated-signals such as glucocorticoids and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition in small intestinal Caco-2 cells. METHODS We co-treated with glucocorticoid receptor agonist dexamethasone (Dex) and p44/42 MAPK inhibitor PD98059 (PD) in Caco-2 cells with or without Brd4 small hairpin (sh) RNA expression vector, and the cells were analyzed by qRT-PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. The small intestine of wild-type mice and Brd4+/- mice during weaning period were analyzed by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Co-treatment with Dex and PD increased binding of the bromodomain-containing protein-4 (Brd4)-positive transcriptional elongation factor-b (P-TEFb)-RNA polymerase II complex to acetylated histones in the transcribed region of SLC2A5. Brd4-protein depletion by shRNA revealed that the association of these proteins on the transcribed region of SLC2A5 promoted gene expression in a Brd4-dependent manner. Expression of small-intestine Slc2a5, but not another intestinal gene sucrase-isomaltase, during weaning period, was significantly lower in Brd4+/- mice compared with wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS Brd4-P-TEFb plays a crucial role in differentiation-associated transcription of SLC2A5 gene in intestinal Caco-2 cells and in the small intestine of mice during weaning period. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Histone acetylation and the transcription elongation factor Brd4 are important for SLC2A5 expression in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Inamochi
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences and Global COE, Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Anup Dey
- Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Takeo Kubota
- Division of Engineering, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Toshinao Goda
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences and Global COE, Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Mochizuki
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences and Global COE, Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.,Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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50
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Zhao J, Li X, Guo M, Yu J, Yan C. The common stress responsive transcription factor ATF3 binds genomic sites enriched with p300 and H3K27ac for transcriptional regulation. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:335. [PMID: 27146783 PMCID: PMC4857411 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of the common stress responsive transcription factor ATF3 has been causally linked to many important human diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, infections, and hypospadias. Although it is believed that the ATF3 transcription activity is central to its cellular functions, how ATF3 regulates gene expression remains largely unknown. Here, we employed ATF3 wild-type and knockout isogenic cell lines to carry out the first comprehensive analysis of global ATF3-binding profiles in the human genome under basal and stressed (DNA damage) conditions. Results Although expressed at a low basal level, ATF3 was found to bind a large number of genomic sites that are often associated with genes involved in cellular stress responses. Interestingly, ATF3 appears to bind a large portion of genomic sites distal to transcription start sites and enriched with p300 and H3K27ac. Global gene expression profiling analysis indicates that genes proximal to these genomic sites were often regulated by ATF3. While DNA damage elicited by camptothecin dramatically altered the ATF3 binding profile, most of the genes regulated by ATF3 upon DNA damage were pre-bound by ATF3 before the stress. Moreover, we demonstrated that ATF3 was co-localized with the major stress responder p53 at genomic sites, thereby collaborating with p53 to regulate p53 target gene expression upon DNA damage. Conclusions These results suggest that ATF3 likely bookmarks genomic sites and interacts with other transcription regulators to control gene expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2664-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xingyao Li
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mingxiong Guo
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jindan Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Chunhong Yan
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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