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Meng X, Wang Y, Li Z, Yang F, Wang J. Knowledge mapping of links between dendritic cells and allergic diseases: A bibliometric analysis (2004-2023). Heliyon 2024; 10:e30315. [PMID: 38765036 PMCID: PMC11096944 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, bibliometric analysis was carried out to comprehend the global research trends, hotspots, scientific frontiers, and output characteristics of the links between dendritic cells (DCs) and allergic diseases from 2004 to 2023. Publications and their recorded information were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). VOSviewer and Citespace were used to visualize the hotspots and trends of research area. ChemBio 3D, Autodock tools, and Discovery Studio were used to visualize the molecular docking results of hotspots. A total of 4861 articles were retrieved. The number of publications (Np) was in a high and stable state. Years 2011 and 2017 were two peaks in Np. The largest contributor in terms of publications, scholars, and affiliations was the USA. The paper published in NATURE MEDICINE (IF: 82.9) and written by Trompette, A in 2006 had the highest global citation score (GCS). Keywords, such as "asthma," "t-cells," "inflammation," "expression," "atopic dermatitis," "food allergy," "gut microbiota," "murine model," and "cytokines related to immunity" appeared the most frequently. Most of the binding free energy of the key active components of Saposhnikovia divaricata docked with toll-like receptor proteins well. This bibliometric study aimed to help better comprehend the present state and make decisions from a macro viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Meng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhuqing Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ji Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
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2
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Ji X, Chen J, You C, Sun J, Xu X. Leflunomide alleviates obesity via activation of the TAK1-AMPK pathway and induction of lipophagy. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23227. [PMID: 37792678 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301162r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipophagy is a subset of selective autophagy that specifically degrades lipid droplets and plays an important role in obesity. Leflunomide treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients has been associated with weight loss and decreased blood glucose levels, which cannot be attributed to its known side effects. Our prior studies showed that A77 1726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, acts as an inhibitor of S6K1 to sensitize the insulin receptor and control hyperglycemia. Whether the anti-obesity effect of leflunomide is mediated by targeting S6K1 and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that A77 1726 induced LC3 lipidation and increased the formation of autophagosomes and lipoautolysosomes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by activating TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), and Unc-51 like autophagy-activated kinase 1 (ULK1). A77 1726 reduced the content of lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which was blocked by bafilomycin or by beclin-1 knockdown. Similar observations were made in murine adipocytes differentiated from S6K1-/- embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Leflunomide treatment restricted bodyweight gains in ob/ob mice and reduced the visceral fat deposit and the size of adipocytes. Leflunomide treatment induced autophagy in adipose and liver tissues and reduced hepatic lipid contents. Consistently, S6K1 knockout increased the levels of LC3 lipidation in the liver, muscle, and fat of S6K-/- mice. Leflunomide treatment and S6K1 deficiency both induced TAK1, AMPK, and ULK1 phosphorylation in these tissues. These observations collectively suggest that leflunomide controls obesity in part by activating AMPK and inducing lipophagy. Our study provides insights into the mechanisms of leflunomide-mediated anti-obesity activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Ji
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junhong Chen
- School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoying You
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiulong Xu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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3
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HDAC6-dependent deacetylation of TAK1 enhances sIL-6R release to promote macrophage M2 polarization in colon cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:888. [PMID: 36270986 PMCID: PMC9587286 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a member of the HDAC family, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for tumor therapy, but the function and underlying mechanisms of HDAC6 in colon cancer are incompletely characterized. Our study showed that the infiltration ratio of M2 macrophages was increased in colon cancer tissues with high HDAC6 expression. Similarly, the knockdown of HDAC6 in colon cancer cells inhibited cocultured macrophage M2 polarization in vitro. Analysis of the antibody chip revealed that HDAC6 promoted sIL-6R release to enhance macrophage M2 polarization. Mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation demonstrated that, mechanistically, HDAC6 interacted with transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), deacetylated TAK1 at T178 and promoted TAK1 phosphorylation. TAK1-p38 MAPK signaling could further increase the phosphorylation and activity of ADAM17, which is responsible for shedding of IL-6R. Notably, the expression of phosphorylated TAK1 was positively correlated with HDAC6 expression and macrophage M2 polarization in human colon cancer tissues. Our study revealed a new HDAC6-TAK1-ADAM17 regulatory axis that mediates sIL-6R release and macrophage polarization in colon cancer.
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Mendes FC, de Paiva JC, da Silva EQG, Santos MR, de Almeida Lima GD, Moreira GA, Silva LVG, de Melo Agripino J, de Souza APM, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Machado-Neves M, Teixeira RR, Silva-Júnior A, Fietto JLR, de Oliveira LL, Bressan GC. Immunomodulatory activity of trifluoromethyl arylamides derived from the SRPK inhibitor SRPIN340 and their potential use as vaccine adjuvant. Life Sci 2022; 307:120849. [PMID: 35926588 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The serine/arginine-rich protein kinases (SRPK) specifically phosphorylate their substrates at RS-rich dipeptides, which are abundantly found in SR splicing factors. SRPK are classically known for their ability to affect the splicing and expression of gene isoforms commonly implicated in cancer and diseases associated with infectious processes. Non-splicing functions have also been attributed to SRPK, which highlight their functional plasticity and relevance as therapeutic targets for pharmacological intervention. In this sense, different SRPK inhibitors have been developed, such as the well-known SRPIN340 and its derivatives, with anticancer and antiviral activities. Here we evaluated the potential immunomodulatory activity of SRPIN340 and three trifluoromethyl arylamide derivatives. In in vitro analysis with RAW 264.7 macrophages and primary splenocytes, all the compounds modulated the expression of immune response mediators and antigen-presentation molecules related to a tendency for M2 macrophage polarization. Immunization experiments were carried out in mice to evaluate their potential as vaccine immunostimulants. When administrated alone, the compounds altered the expression of immune factors at the injection site and did not produce macroscopic or microscopic local reactions. In addition, when prepared as an adjuvant with inactivated EHV-1 antigens, all the compounds increased the anti-EHV-1 neutralizing antibody titers, a change that is consistent with an increased Th2 response. These findings demonstrate that SRPIN340 and its derivatives exhibit a noticeable capacity to modulate innate and adaptative immune cells, disclosing their potential to be used as vaccine adjuvants or in immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Carneiro Mendes
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Gabriela Alves Moreira
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas Viana Gomes Silva
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Joice de Melo Agripino
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo Costa Bressan
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Beyond controlling cell size: functional analyses of S6K in tumorigenesis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:646. [PMID: 35879299 PMCID: PMC9314331 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
As a substrate and major effector of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), the biological functions of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) have been canonically assigned for cell size control by facilitating mRNA transcription, splicing, and protein synthesis. However, accumulating evidence implies that diverse stimuli and upstream regulators modulate S6K kinase activity, leading to the activation of a plethora of downstream substrates for distinct pathobiological functions. Beyond controlling cell size, S6K simultaneously plays crucial roles in directing cell apoptosis, metabolism, and feedback regulation of its upstream signals. Thus, we comprehensively summarize the emerging upstream regulators, downstream substrates, mouse models, clinical relevance, and candidate inhibitors for S6K and shed light on S6K as a potential therapeutic target for cancers.
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Zheng W, Chang R, Luo Q, Liu G, Xu T. The long noncoding RNA MIR122HG is a precursor for miR-122-5p and negatively regulates the TAK1-induced innate immune response in teleost fish. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101773. [PMID: 35218771 PMCID: PMC8935508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a diverse subset of RNA species of noncoding transcripts that are usually longer than 200 nt. However, the biological role and function of many lncRNAs have not been fully identified. It has been shown that one potential function of lncRNAs is to act as a precursor miRNA and promote the production of multiple miRNAs. However, the function of the miiuy croaker lncRNA MIR122HG has not been explored. In the present study, we show that this differentially expressed teleost fish lncRNA can act as the host gene of miR-122-5p, regulate its expression, and indirectly regulate the expression of potential inflammatory target protein transforming growth factor-β–activated kinase 1. We show that MIR122HG can negatively regulate the transforming growth factor-β–activated kinase 1–triggered NF-κB and interferon regulatory factor 3 signaling pathways and subsequently attenuate the innate immune response. In addition, MIR122HG can promote the replication of Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus and exacerbate the pathological effects caused by viral infection. We conclude that the study of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction through bioinformatics analysis or experimental-supported analysis can provide information for further elucidation of the functions of fish lncRNAs in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Renjie Chang
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Guiliang Liu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, 201306, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, China.
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7
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Aashaq S, Batool A, Mir SA, Beigh MA, Andrabi KI, Shah ZA. TGF-β signaling: A recap of SMAD-independent and SMAD-dependent pathways. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:59-85. [PMID: 34286853 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a proinflammatory cytokine known to control a diverse array of pathological and physiological conditions during normal development and tumorigenesis. TGF-β-mediated physiological effects are heterogeneous and vary among different types of cells and environmental conditions. TGF-β serves as an antiproliferative agent and inhibits tumor development during primary stages of tumor progression; however, during the later stages, it encourages tumor development and mediates metastatic progression and chemoresistance. The fundamental elements of TGF-β signaling have been divulged more than a decade ago; however, the process by which the signals are relayed from cell surface to nucleus is very complex with additional layers added in tumor cell niches. Although the intricate understanding of TGF-β-mediated signaling pathways and their regulation are still evolving, we tried to make an attempt to summarize the TGF-β-mediated SMAD-dependent andSMAD-independent pathways. This manuscript emphasizes the functions of TGF-β as a metastatic promoter and tumor suppressor during the later and initial phases of tumor progression respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabreena Aashaq
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, JK, India
| | - Asiya Batool
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Srinagar, JK, India
| | | | | | | | - Zaffar Amin Shah
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, JK, India
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8
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Murthy S, Wannick M, Eleftheriadis G, Müller A, Luo J, Busch H, Dalmann A, Riemekasten G, Sadik CD. Immunoglobulin G of systemic sclerosis patients programs a pro-inflammatory and profibrotic phenotype in monocyte-like THP-1 cells. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:3012-3022. [PMID: 33230552 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Functional IgG autoantibodies against diverse G protein-coupled receptors, i.e. antibodies with agonistic or antagonistic activity at these receptors, are abundant in human serum. Their levels are altered in patients with SSc, and autoantibodies against angiotensin II receptor 1 (ATR1) and endothelin receptor A (ETA) have been suggested to drive SSc by inducing the chemokines CXCL8 and CCL18 in the blood. The objective of our study is to profile the effect of IgG in SSc (SSc-IgG) on the production of soluble mediators in monocytic cells. METHODS Monocyte-like THP-1 cells were stimulated with SSc-IgG and their secretome was analysed. Furthermore, the significance of major pro-inflammatory pathways for the induction of CXCL8 and CCL18 in response to SSc-IgG was assessed by a pharmacological approach. RESULTS Stimulation with SSc-IgG significantly alters the secretome of THP-1 cells towards a general pro-inflammatory and profibrotic phenotype, which includes an increase of CCL18 and CXCL8. The consequent expression profiles vary depending on the individual donor of the SSc-IgG. CCL18 and CXCL8 expression is thus regulated differentially, with AP-1 driving the induction of both CCL18 and CXCL8 and the TAK/IKK-β/NF-κB pathway and ERK1/2 driving that of CXCL8. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that SSc-IgG contributes to the generation of the pro-inflammatory/profibrotic tissue milieu characteristic of SSc by its induction of a respective phenotype in monocytes. Furthermore, our results highlight AP-1 as a critical regulator of gene transcription of CCL18 in monocytic cells and as a promising pharmacological therapeutic target for the treatment of SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sripriya Murthy
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Melanie Wannick
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Georgios Eleftheriadis
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Antje Müller
- Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jiao Luo
- Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anja Dalmann
- Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian D Sadik
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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9
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Abstract
The need to describe and understand signaling pathways in live cell is seen as a primary route to identifying and developing targeted medicines. Signaling cascade is also seen as a complex communication and involves interactions between multiple interconnecting proteins. Where subcellularly and how different proteins interact need to be preserved during investigation. Furthermore, these complex events occurring simultaneously may lead to a single or multiple end point or cell function such as protein synthesis, cell cytoskeleton formation, DNA damage repair, or autophagy. There is therefore a need of real-time noninvasive methods for protein assays to enable direct visualization of the interactions in their natural environment and hence overcome the limitations of methods that rely on invasive cell disruption techniques. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) coupled with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is an advanced imaging method to observe protein-protein interactions at nanometer scale inside single living cells in real-time. Here we describe the development and use of two-channel pulsed interleave excitation (PIE) for multiple protein interactions in the mTORC1 pathway. The proteins were first tagged with multiple color fluorescent protein derivatives. The FRET-FLIM combination means that the information gained from using standard steady-state FRET between interacting proteins is considerably improved by monitoring changes in the excited-state lifetime of the donor fluorophore where its quenching in the presence of the acceptor is evidence for a direct physical interaction.
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Chen E, Chen C, Niu Z, Gan L, Wang Q, Li M, Cai X, Gao R, Katakam S, Chen H, Zhang S, Zhou R, Cheng X, Qiu Y, Yu H, Zhu T, Liu J. Poly(I:C) preconditioning protects the heart against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through TLR3/PI3K/Akt-dependent pathway. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:216. [PMID: 33154351 PMCID: PMC7644758 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00257-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) ligands pretreatment may play a vital role in the progress of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. As the ligand of TLR3, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), a synthetic double-stranded RNA, whether its preconditioning can exhibit a cardioprotective phenotype remains unknown. Here, we report the protective effect of poly(I:C) pretreatment in acute myocardial I/R injury by activating TLR3/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Poly(I:C) pretreatment leads to a significant reduction of infarct size, improvement of cardiac function, and downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic molecules compared with controls. Subsequently, our data demonstrate that phosphorylation of TLR3 tyrosine residue and its interaction with PI3K is enhanced, and protein levels of phospho-PI3K and phospho-Akt are both increased after poly(I:C) pretreatment, while knock out of TLR3 suppresses the cardioprotection of poly(I:C) preconditioning through a decreased activation of PI3K/Akt signaling. Moreover, inhibition of p85 PI3K by the administration of LY294002 in vivo and knockdown of Akt by siRNA in vitro significantly abolish poly(I:C) preconditioning-induced cardioprotective effect. In conclusion, our results reveal that poly(I:C) preconditioning exhibits essential protection in myocardial I/R injury via its modulation of TLR3, and the downstream PI3K/Akt signaling, which may provide a potential pharmacologic target for perioperative cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erya Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhendong Niu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - XingWei Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sruthi Katakam
- Institute of Cell Engineering, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ronghua Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanhua Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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11
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Aashaq S, Batool A, Andrabi KI. TAK1 mediates convergence of cellular signals for death and survival. Apoptosis 2020; 24:3-20. [PMID: 30288639 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-018-1490-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
TGF-β activated kinase 1, a MAPK kinase kinase family serine threonine kinase has been implicated in regulating diverse range of cellular processes that include embryonic development, differentiation, autophagy, apoptosis and cell survival. TAK1 along with its binding partners TAB1, TAB2 and TAB3 displays a complex pattern of regulation that includes serious crosstalk with major signaling pathways including the C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAPK, and I-kappa B kinase complex (IKK) involved in establishing cellular commitments for death and survival. This review also highlights how TAK1 orchestrates regulation of energy homeostasis via AMPK and its emerging role in influencing mTORC1 pathway to regulate death or survival in tandem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabreena Aashaq
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Asiya Batool
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Khurshid I Andrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, India
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12
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Gatto M, Borim PA, Wolf IR, Fukuta da Cruz T, Ferreira Mota GA, Marques Braz AM, Casella Amorim B, Targino Valente G, de Assis Golim M, Venturini J, Araújo Junior JP, Pontillo A, Sartori A. Transcriptional analysis of THP-1 cells infected with Leishmania infantum indicates no activation of the inflammasome platform. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0007949. [PMID: 31961876 PMCID: PMC6994165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is caused by intracellular parasites transmitted to vertebrates by sandfly bites. Clinical manifestations include cutaneous, mucosal or visceral involvement depending upon the host immune response and the parasite species. To assure their survival inside macrophages, these parasites developed a plethora of highly successful strategies to manipulate various immune system pathways. Considering that inflammasome activation is critical for the establishment of a protective immune response in many parasite infections, in this study we determined the transcriptome of THP-1 cells after infection with L. infantum, with a particular focus on the inflammasome components. To this end, the human cell line THP-1, previously differentiated into macrophages by PMA treatment, was infected with L. infantum promastigotes. Differentiated THP-1 cells were also stimulated with LPS to be used as a comparative parameter. The gene expression signature was determined 8 hours after by RNA-seq technique. Infected or uninfected THP-1 cells were stimulated with nigericin (NIG) to measure active caspase-1 and TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in culture supernatants after 8, 24 and 48 hours. L. infantum triggered a gene expression pattern more similar to non-infected THP-1 cells and very distinct from LPS-stimulated cells. Some of the most up-regulated genes in L. infantum-infected cells were CDC20, CSF1, RPS6KA1, CD36, DUSP2, DUSP5, DUSP7 and TNFAIP3. Some up-regulated GO terms in infected cells included cell coagulation, regulation of MAPK cascade, response to peptide hormone stimulus, negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter and nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Infection was not able to induce the expression of genes associated with the inflammasome signaling pathway. This finding was confirmed by the absence of caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production after 8, 24 and 48 hours of infection. Our results indicate that L. infantum was unable to activate the inflammasomes during the initial interaction with THP-1 cells. Visceral leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania infantum, is a disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The entry of microorganisms into the host is commonly associated with activation of a multiprotein platform called inflammasome whose assembly culminates in caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production. ILβ activates other cells and effector mechanisms leading to clearance of pathogens. However, the involvement of inflammasomes in the human infection with L. infantum is poorly known. To investigate the parasite-host interaction is fundamental to understand the immunopathogenesis of visceral leishmaniasis and to allow the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we used RNA-seq, a tool that allowed to investigate the global gene expression of THP-1 cells, which is a macrophage-like human cell line, infected with L. infantum. By using computational analysis, this approach allowed us to evaluate the expression of genes that compose the inflammasomes pathway and other gene networks and signaling pathways triggered after infection. This analysis indicated that, unlike species causing cutaneous leishmaniasis, L. infantum did not induce the expression of genes of inflammasome pathways, nor caspase-1 activation or IL-1β production, possibly reflecting a parasite strategy to manipulate immune system and therefore, to allow its survival inside the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gatto
- Tropical Diseases Department, Botucatu Medical School – UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Ivan Rodrigo Wolf
- Bioprocess and Biotechnology Department, Agronomic Sciences School – UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Taís Fukuta da Cruz
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Biosciences Institute - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Tropical Diseases Department, Botucatu Medical School – UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
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13
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Oscillating flow promotes inflammation through the TLR2–TAK1–IKK2 signalling pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVECs). Life Sci 2019; 224:212-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Ahmed AR, Owens RJ, Stubbs CD, Parker AW, Hitchman R, Yadav RB, Dumoux M, Hawes C, Botchway SW. Direct imaging of the recruitment and phosphorylation of S6K1 in the mTORC1 pathway in living cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3408. [PMID: 30833605 PMCID: PMC6399282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of protein signalling pathways in the working cell is seen as a primary route to identifying and developing targeted medicines. In recent years there has been a growing awareness of the importance of the mTOR pathway, making it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in several diseases. Within this pathway we have focused on S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), the downstream phosphorylation substrate of mTORC1, and specifically identify its juxtaposition with mTORC1. When S6K1 is co-expressed with raptor we show that S6K1 is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. By developing a novel biosensor we demonstrate in real-time, that phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation of S6K1 occurs mainly in the cytoplasm of living cells. Furthermore, we show that the scaffold protein raptor, that typically recruits mTOR substrates, is not always involved in S6K1 phosphorylation. Overall, we demonstrate how FRET-FLIM imaging technology can be used to show localisation of S6K1 phosphorylation in living cells and hence a key site of action of inhibitors targeting mTOR phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah R Ahmed
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Raymond J Owens
- Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK.,The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Christopher D Stubbs
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Anthony W Parker
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Richard Hitchman
- Evotec (UK) Ltd, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RZ, UK
| | - Rahul B Yadav
- Evotec (UK) Ltd, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RZ, UK
| | - Maud Dumoux
- Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK.,Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Chris Hawes
- Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Stanley W Botchway
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK.
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15
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Modulation of adenylate cyclase signaling in association with MKK3/6 stabilization under combination of SAC and berberine to reduce HepG2 cell survivability. Apoptosis 2018; 22:1362-1379. [PMID: 28836036 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-017-1407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells often have faulty apoptotic pathways resulting in sustenance of survivability, tumour metastasis and resistance to anticancer drugs. Alternate strategies are sought to improve therapeutic efficacy and therefore HepG2 cells were treated with S-allyl-cysteine (SAC) and berberine (BER) to analyze their mechanistic impact upon necroptosis along with its interacting relationship to apoptosis. In the present study we observed that SAC and BER exposure reduced NFκβ nuclear translocation through adenylate cyclase-cAMP-protein kinaseA axis and eventually evaded c-FLIP inhibition. Effective RIP1 k63-polyubiquitination and persistent MKK3/MKK6 expression during drug treatment potentiated caspase8 activity via p53-DISC conformation. Resultant tBid associated lysosomal protease mediated AIF truncation induced DNA fragmentation and persuaded effector caspase mediated scramblase activation resulting induction of necroptosis in parallel to apoptotic events. SAC+BER effectively reduced Rb-phosphorylation resulting insignificant nuclear E2F presence led to ending of cell proliferation. Therefore necroptosis augmented the drug response and may be targeted alongside cell proliferation inhibition in formation of efficient therapeutics against liver cancer.
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16
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Sun J, Mu Y, Jiang Y, Song R, Yi J, Zhou J, Sun J, Jiao X, Prinz RA, Li Y, Xu X. Inhibition of p70 S6 kinase activity by A77 1726 induces autophagy and enhances the degradation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) protein aggregates. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:407. [PMID: 29540819 PMCID: PMC5851998 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy plays a central role in degrading misfolded proteins such as mutated superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), which forms aggregates in motor neurons and is involved in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Autophagy is activated when UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) is phosphorylated at S555 and activated by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Autophagy is suppressed when ULK1 is phosphorylated at S757 by the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Whether p70 S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), a serine/threonine kinase downstream of mTOR, can also regulate autophagy remains uncertain. Here we report that inhibition of S6K1 by A77 1726, the active metabolite of an anti-inflammatory drug leflunomide, induced mTOR feedback activation and ULK1S757 phosphorylation in NSC34 cells, a hybrid mouse motoneuron cell line. Unexpectedly, A77 1726 did not suppress but rather induced autophagy by increasing AMPKT172 and ULK1S555 phosphorylation. Similar observations were made with PF-4708671, a specific S6K1 inhibitor, or with S6K1 siRNA. Further studies showed that A77 1726 induced AMPK phosphorylation by activating the TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). Functional studies revealed that A77 1726 induced co-localization of mutant SOD1G93A protein aggregates with autophagosomes and accelerated SOD1G93A protein degradation, which was blocked by inhibition of autophagy through autophagy-related protein 7 (ATG7) siRNA. Our study suggests that S6K1 inhibition induces autophagy through TAK1-mediated AMPK activation in NSC34 cells, and that blocking S6K1 activity by a small molecule inhibitor such as leflunomide may offer a new strategy for ALS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yarong Mu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianxin Yi
- Department of Physiology, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Xinan Jiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Richard A Prinz
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiulong Xu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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17
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Xu X, Sun J, Song R, Doscas ME, Williamson AJ, Zhou J, Sun J, Jiao X, Liu X, Li Y. Inhibition of p70 S6 kinase (S6K1) activity by A77 1726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, induces autophagy through TAK1-mediated AMPK and JNK activation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30438-30454. [PMID: 28389629 PMCID: PMC5444754 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
mTOR activation suppresses autophagy by phosphorylating ULK1 at S757 and suppressing its enzymatic activity. Here we report that feedback activation of mTOR in the PI-3 kinase pathway by two p70 S6 kinase (S6K1) inhibitors (PF-4708671 and A77 1726, the active metabolite of an immunosuppressive drug leflunomide) or by S6K1 knockdown did not suppress but rather induced autophagy. Suppression of S6K1 activity led to the phosphorylation and activation of AMPK, which then phosphorylated ULK1 at S555. While mTOR feedback activation led to increased phosphorylation of ULK1 at S757, this modification did not the disrupt ULK1-AMPK interaction nor dampen ULK1 S555 phosphorylation and the induction of autophagy. In addition, inhibition of S6K1 activity led to JNK activation, which also contributed to autophagy. 5Z-7-oxozeaenol, a specific inhibitor of TAK1, or TAK1 siRNA blocked A77 1726-induced activation of AMPK and JNK, and LC3 lipidation. Taken together, our study establishes S6K1 as a key player in the PI-3 kinase pathway to suppress autophagy through inhibiting AMPK and JNK in a TAK1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulong Xu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Ruilong Song
- Core Facility, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Michelle E Doscas
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.,Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yi Li
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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18
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House Dust Mite Increases pro-Th2 Cytokines IL-25 and IL-33 via the Activation of TLR1/6 Signaling. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:2354-2361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Lee PY, Sykes DB, Ameri S, Kalaitzidis D, Charles JF, Nelson-Maney N, Wei K, Cunin P, Morris A, Cardona AE, Root DE, Scadden DT, Nigrovic PA. The metabolic regulator mTORC1 controls terminal myeloid differentiation. Sci Immunol 2017; 2:2/11/eaam6641. [PMID: 28763796 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aam6641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes are derived from hematopoietic stem cells through a series of intermediate progenitor stages, but the factors that regulate this process are incompletely defined. Using a Ccr2/Cx3cr1 dual-reporter system to model murine monocyte ontogeny, we conducted a small-molecule screen that identified an essential role of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in the development of monocytes and other myeloid cells. Confirmatory studies using mice with inducible deletion of the mTORC1 component Raptor demonstrated absence of mature circulating monocytes, as well as disruption in neutrophil and dendritic cell development, reflecting arrest of terminal differentiation at the granulocyte-monocyte progenitor stage. Conversely, excess activation of mTORC1 through deletion of the mTORC1 inhibitor tuberous sclerosis complex 2 promoted spontaneous myeloid cell development and maturation. Inhibitor studies and stage-specific expression profiling identified failure to down-regulate the transcription factor Myc by the mTORC1 target ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) as the mechanistic basis for disrupted myelopoiesis. Together, these findings define the mTORC1-S6K1-Myc pathway as a key checkpoint in terminal myeloid development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Y Lee
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David B Sykes
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sarah Ameri
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Demetrios Kalaitzidis
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Julia F Charles
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nathan Nelson-Maney
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kevin Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pierre Cunin
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Allyn Morris
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Astrid E Cardona
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - David E Root
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David T Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Peter A Nigrovic
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. .,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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20
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Min Y, Wi SM, Shin D, Chun E, Lee KY. Peroxiredoxin-6 Negatively Regulates Bactericidal Activity and NF-κB Activity by Interrupting TRAF6-ECSIT Complex. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:94. [PMID: 28393051 PMCID: PMC5364181 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A TRAF6-ECSIT complex is crucial for the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation induced by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Peroxiredoxin-6 (Prdx6) as a member of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes is involved in antioxidant protection and cell signaling. Here, we report on a regulatory role of Prdx6 in mROS production and NF-κB activation by TLR4. Prdx6 was translocated into the mitochondria by TLR4 stimulation and Prdx6-knockdown (Prdx6KD) THP-1 cells had increased level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels and were resistant to Salmonella typhimurium infection. Biochemical studies revealed Prdx6 interaction with the C-terminal TRAF-C domain of TRAF6, which drove translocation into the mitochondria. Interestingly, Prdx6 competitively interacted with ECSIT to TRAF6 through its C-terminal TRAF-C domain, leading to the interruption of TRAF6-ECSIT interaction. The inhibitory effect was critically implicated in the activation of NF-κB induced by TLR4. Overexpression of Prdx6 led to the inhibition of NF-κB induced by TLR4, whereas Prdx6KD THP-1 cells displayed enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 and -1β, and the up-regulation of NF-κB-dependent genes induced by TLR4 stimulation. Taken together, the data demonstrate that Prdx6 interrupts the formation of TRAF6-ECSIT complex induced by TLR4 stimulation, leading to suppression of bactericidal activity because of inhibited mROS production in mitochondria and the inhibition of NF-κB activation in the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Min
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sae M Wi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Suwon, South Korea
| | - Dongwoo Shin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Suwon, South Korea
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21
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Lee S, Wi SM, Min Y, Lee KY. Peroxiredoxin-3 Is Involved in Bactericidal Activity through the Regulation of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species. Immune Netw 2016; 16:373-380. [PMID: 28035213 PMCID: PMC5195847 DOI: 10.4110/in.2016.16.6.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin-3 (Prdx3) is a mitochondrial protein of the thioredoxin family of antioxidant peroxidases and is the principal peroxidase responsible for metabolizing mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide. Recent reports have shown that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) contribute to macrophage-mediated bactericidal activity in response to Toll-like receptors. Herein, we investigated the functional effect of Prdx3 in bactericidal activity. The mitochondrial localization of Prdx3 in HEK293T cells was confirmed by cell fractionation and confocal microscopy analyses. To investigate the functional role of Prdx3 in bactericidal activity, Prdx3-knockdown (Prdx3KD) THP-1 cells were generated. The mROS levels in Prdx3KD THP-1 cells were significantly higher than those in control THP-1 cells. Moreover, the mROS levels were markedly increased in response to lipopolysaccharide. Notably, the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection assay revealed that the Prdx3KD THP-1 cells were significantly resistant to S. Typhimurium infection, as compared with control THP-1 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that Prdx3 is functionally important in bactericidal activity through the regulation of mROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Sae Mi Wi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yoon Min
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
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22
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Pavan ICB, Yokoo S, Granato DC, Meneguello L, Carnielli CM, Tavares MR, do Amaral CL, de Freitas LB, Paes Leme AF, Luchessi AD, Simabuco FM. Different interactomes for p70-S6K1 and p54-S6K2 revealed by proteomic analysis. Proteomics 2016; 16:2650-2666. [PMID: 27493124 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
S6Ks are major effectors of the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway, signaling for increased protein synthesis and cell growth in response to insulin, AMP/ATP levels, and amino acids. Deregulation of this pathway has been related to disorders and diseases associated with metabolism, such as obesity, diabetes, and cancer. S6K family is composed of two main members, S6K1 and S6K2, which comprise different isoforms resulted from alternative splicing or alternative start codon use. Although important molecular functions have been associated with p70-S6K1, the most extensively studied isoform, the S6K2 counterpart lacks information. In the present study, we performed immunoprecipitation assays followed by mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of FLAG-tagged p70-S6K1 and p54-S6K2 interactomes, after expression in HEK293 cells. Protein lists were submitted to CRAPome (Contaminant Repository for Affinity Purification) and SAINT (Significance Analysis of INTeractome) analysis, which allowed the identification of high-scoring interactions. By a comparative approach, p70-S6K1 interacting proteins were predominantly related to "cytoskeleton" and "stress response," whereas p54-S6K2 interactome was more associated to "transcription," "splicing," and "ribosome biogenesis." Moreover, we have found evidences for new targets or regulators of the S6K protein family, such as proteins NCL, NPM1, eIF2α, XRCC6, PARP1, and ILF2/ILF3 complex. This study provides new information about the interacting networks of S6Ks, which may contribute for future approaches to a better understanding of the mTOR/S6K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora C B Pavan
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sami Yokoo
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Granato
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Meneguello
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina M Carnielli
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana R Tavares
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila L do Amaral
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lidia B de Freitas
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana F Paes Leme
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Augusto D Luchessi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Simabuco
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Oho M, Nakano R, Nakayama R, Sakurai W, Miyamoto A, Masuhiro Y, Hanazawa S. TIPE2 (Tumor Necrosis Factor α-induced Protein 8-like 2) Is a Novel Negative Regulator of TAK1 Signal. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:22650-22660. [PMID: 27601471 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.733451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TIPE2 (TNF-α-induced protein 8-like 2) is a novel death effector domain protein and is a negative regulator of the innate and adaptive immune response. Although it has been demonstrated that caspase-8 contributes to the negative regulation of TIPE2, the negative regulatory mechanism is not entirely understood. Here, we demonstrate that TIPE2 interacts with TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a crucial regulatory molecule of inflammatory and immune signals, and consequently acts as a powerful negative regulator of TAK1. The interaction between endogenous TIPE2 and TAK1 was observed in RAW264.7 macrophage-like cells and mouse primary cells derived from spleen and thymus. The TIPE2 amino acid 101-140 region interacted with TAK1 by binding to the amino acid 200-291 region of the internal kinase domain of TAK1. TIPE2 interfered with the formation of the TAK1-TAB1-TAB2 complex and subsequently inhibited activation of TAK1 and its downstream molecules. Importantly, silencing TIPE2 through RNA interference attenuated the inhibitory action of TIPE2 on LPS- and TNF-α-stimulated TAK1 activity. Exogenous TIPE2 101-140, the region that interacts with TAK1, also inhibited LPS- and TNF-α-stimulated NF-κB reporter activity. Interestingly, cell-permeable TIPE2 protein maintained its binding ability with TAK1 and exhibited the same inhibitory action of native TIPE2 on TLR4 signaling in vitro Thus, cell-permeable TIPE2 protein is a potential candidate for intracellular protein therapy for TAK1-related diseases. The present study demonstrates that TIPE2 acts as a novel negative regulator of inflammatory and immune responses through TAK1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michitaka Oho
- From the Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Risa Nakano
- From the Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Ryutarou Nakayama
- From the Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Wataru Sakurai
- From the Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Azusa Miyamoto
- From the Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Masuhiro
- From the Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Shigemasa Hanazawa
- From the Department of Applied Biological Sciences, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
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24
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Zhao Z, Barcus M, Kim J, Lum KL, Mills C, Lei XG. High Dietary Selenium Intake Alters Lipid Metabolism and Protein Synthesis in Liver and Muscle of Pigs. J Nutr 2016; 146:1625-33. [PMID: 27466604 PMCID: PMC4997278 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.229955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged high intakes of dietary selenium have been shown to induce gestational diabetes in rats and hyperinsulinemia in pigs. OBJECTIVE Two experiments were conducted to explore metabolic and molecular mechanisms for the diabetogenic potential of high dietary selenium intakes in pigs. METHODS In Expt. 1, 16 Yorkshire-Landrace-Hampshire crossbred pigs (3 wk old, body weight = 7.5 ± 0.81 kg, 50% males and 50% females) were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet supplemented with 0.3 or 1.0 mg Se/kg (as selenium-enriched yeast for 6 wk). In Expt. 2, 12 pigs of the same crossbreed (6 wk old, body weight = 16.0 ± 1.8 kg) were fed a similar basal diet supplemented with 0.3 or 3.0 mg Se/kg for 11 wk. Biochemical and gene and protein expression profiles of lipid and protein metabolism and selenoproteins in plasma, liver, muscle, and adipose tissues were analyzed. RESULTS In Expt. 1, the 1-mg-Se/kg diet did not affect body weight or plasma concentrations of glucose and nonesterified fatty acids. In Expt. 2, the 3-mg-Se/kg diet, compared with the 0.3-mg-Se/kg diet, increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of plasma insulin (0.2 compared with 0.4 ng/mL), liver and adipose lipids (41% to 2.4-fold), and liver and muscle protein (10-14%). In liver, the 3-mg-Se/kg diet upregulated (P < 0.05) the expression, activity, or both of key factors related to gluconeogenesis [phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK); 13%], lipogenesis [sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FASN); 46-90%], protein synthesis [insulin receptor (INSR), P70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (P70), and phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (P-S6); 88-105%], energy metabolism [AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); up to 2.8-fold], and selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3; 1.4-fold) and suppressed (P < 0.05) mRNA levels of lipolysis gene cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (CYP7A1; 88%) and selenoprotein gene selenoprotein W1 (SEPW1; 46%). In muscle, the 3-mg-Se/kg diet exerted no effect on the lipid profiles but enhanced (P < 0.05) expression of P-S6 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR; 42-176%; protein synthesis); selenoprotein P (SELP; 40-fold); and tumor suppressor protein 53 (P53) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG; 52-58%; lipogenesis) and suppressed (P < 0.05) expression of INSR (59%; insulin signaling); selenoprotein S (SELS); deiodinases, iodothyronine, type I (DIO1); and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1; 50%; selenoproteins); and ACC1 and FASN (35-51%; lipogenesis). CONCLUSION Our research showed novel roles, to our best knowledge, and mechanisms of high selenium intakes in regulating the metabolism of protein, along with that of lipid, in a tissue-specific fashion in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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25
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Min Y, Wi SM, Kang JA, Yang T, Park CS, Park SG, Chung S, Shim JH, Chun E, Lee KY. Cereblon negatively regulates TLR4 signaling through the attenuation of ubiquitination of TRAF6. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2313. [PMID: 27468689 PMCID: PMC4973362 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate receptor protein for the CRL4A E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. In this study, we report on a new regulatory role of CRBN in TLR4 signaling. CRBN overexpression leads to suppression of NF-κB activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and IL-1β in response to TLR4 stimulation. Biochemical studies revealed interactions between CRBN and TAK1, and TRAF6 proteins. The interaction between CRBN and TAK1 did not affect the association of the TAB1 and TAB2 proteins, which have pivotal roles in the activation of TAK1, whereas the CRBN-TRAF6 interaction critically affected ubiquitination of TRAF6 and TAB2. Binding mapping results revealed that CRBN interacts with the Zinc finger domain of TRAF6, which contains the ubiquitination site of TRAF6, leading to attenuation of ubiquitination of TRAF6 and TAB2. Functional studies revealed that CRBN-knockdown THP-1 cells show enhanced NF-κB activation and p65- or p50-DNA binding activities, leading to up-regulation of NF-κB-dependent gene expression and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in response to TLR4 stimulation. Furthermore, Crbn−/− mice exhibit decreased survival in response to LPS challenge, accompanied with marked enhancement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6. Taken together, our data demonstrate that CRBN negatively regulates TLR4 signaling via attenuation of TRAF6 and TAB2 ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Min
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 300, Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Mi Wi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 300, Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gyoo Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkwon Chung
- Department of Physiology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 300, Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
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26
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Sepehri Z, Kiani Z, Nasiri AA, Kohan F. Toll-like receptor 2 and type 2 diabetes. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2016; 21:2. [PMID: 28536605 PMCID: PMC5415836 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-016-0002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and related complications. Since the toll-like receptors (TLRs) are central to innate immunity, it appears that they are important participants in the development and pathogenesis of the disease. Previous investigations demonstrated that TLR2 homodimers and TLR2 heterodimers with TLR1 or TLR6 activate innate immunity upon recognition of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Several DAMPs are released during type 2 diabetes, so it may be hypothesized that TLR2 is significantly involved in its progression. Here, we review recent data on the important roles and status of TLR2 in type 2 diabetes and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sepehri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Zohre Kiani
- Zabol Medicinal Plant Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- Department of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Nasiri
- Department of Internal Anesthesiology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Farhad Kohan
- General Physician, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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27
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Hussman JP, Beecham AH, Schmidt M, Martin ER, McCauley JL, Vance JM, Haines JL, Pericak-Vance MA. GWAS analysis implicates NF-κB-mediated induction of inflammatory T cells in multiple sclerosis. Genes Immun 2016; 17:305-12. [PMID: 27278126 PMCID: PMC4956564 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2016.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To identify genes and biologically relevant pathways associated with risk to develop multiple sclerosis (MS), the Genome-Wide Association Studies noise reduction method (GWAS-NR) was applied to MS genotyping data. Regions of association were defined based on the significance of linkage disequilibrium blocks. Candidate genes were cross-referenced based on a review of current literature, with attention to molecular function and directly interacting proteins. Supplementary annotations and pathway enrichment scores were generated using The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. The candidate set of 220 MS susceptibility genes prioritized by GWAS-NR was highly enriched with genes involved in biological pathways related to positive regulation of cell, lymphocyte and leukocyte activation (P=6.1E-15, 1.2E-14 and 5.0E-14, respectively). Novel gene candidates include key regulators of NF-κB signaling and CD4+ T helper type 1 (Th1) and T helper type 17 (Th17) lineages. A large subset of MS candidate genes prioritized by GWAS-NR were found to interact in a tractable pathway regulating the NF-κB-mediated induction and infiltration of pro-inflammatory Th1/Th17 T-cell lineages, and maintenance of immune tolerance by T-regulatory cells. This mechanism provides a biological context that potentially links clinical observations in MS to the underlying genetic landscape that may confer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A H Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - M Schmidt
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - E R Martin
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Dr John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J L McCauley
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Dr John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J M Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Dr John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J L Haines
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Dr John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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28
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Wi SM, Min Y, Lee KY. Charged MVB protein 5 is involved in T-cell receptor signaling. Exp Mol Med 2016; 48:e206. [PMID: 26821576 PMCID: PMC4892854 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Charged multivesicular body protein 5 (CHMP5) has a key role in multivesicular body biogenesis and a critical role in the downregulation of signaling pathways through receptor degradation. However, the role of CHMP5 in T-cell receptor (TCR)–mediated signaling has not been previously investigated. In this study, we utilized a short hairpin RNA-based RNA interference approach to investigate the functional role of CHMP5. Upon TCR stimulation, CHMP5-knockdown (CHMP5KD) Jurkat T cells exhibited activation of TCR downstream signaling molecules, such as PKCθ and IKKαβ, and resulted in the activation of nuclear factor-κB and the marked upregulation of TCR-induced gene expression. Moreover, we found that activator protein-1 and nuclear factor of activated T-cells transcriptional factors were markedly activated in CHMP5KD Jurkat cells in response to TCR stimulation, which led to a significant increase in interleukin-2 secretion. Biochemical studies revealed that CHMP5 endogenously forms high-molecular-weight complexes, including TCR molecules, and specifically interacts with TCRβ. Interestingly, flow cytometry analysis also revealed that CHMP5KD Jurkat T cells exhibit upregulation of TCR expression on the cell surface compared with control Jurkat T cells. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that CHMP5 might be involved in the homeostatic regulation of TCR on the cell surface, presumably through TCR recycling or degradation. Thus CHMP5 is implicated in TCR-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Mi Wi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Min
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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29
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Moon G, Kim J, Min Y, Wi SM, Shim JH, Chun E, Lee KY. Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 inhibits TRAF6 ubiquitination by interrupting the formation of TAK1-TAB2 complex in TLR4 signaling. Cell Signal 2015; 27:2524-33. [PMID: 26432169 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) plays a key role in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-PDK1-Akt pathway that induces cell survival and cardiovascular protections through anti-apoptosis, vasodilation, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidative stress activities. Although several reports have proposed the negative role of PDK1 in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, the molecular mechanism is still unknown. Here we show that PDK1 inhibits tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) ubiquitination by interrupting the complex between transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and TAK1 binding protein 2 (TAB2), which negatively regulates TAK1 activity. The overexpression of PDK1 in 293/TLR4 cells resulted in suppressions of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and production of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6 and TNF-α in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Conversely, THP-1 human monocytes transiently cultured in low glucose medium displayed down-regulated PDK1 expression, and significantly enhanced TLR4-mediated signaling for the activation of NF-κB, demonstrating a negative role of PDK1. Biochemical studies revealed that PDK1 significantly interacted with TAK1, resulting in the inhibition of the association of TAB2 with TAK1, which led to the attenuation of TRAF6 ubiquitination. Moreover, PDK1-knockdown THP-1 cells displayed enhancement of downstream signals, activation of NF-κB, and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, which potentially led to the up-regulation of NF-κB-dependent genes in response to TLR4 stimulation. Collectively, the results demonstrate that PDK1 inhibits the formation of the TAK1-TAB2-TRAF6 complex and leads to the inhibition of TRAF6 ubiquitination, which negatively regulates the TLR4-mediated signaling for NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuyoung Moon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhong Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Min
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Mi Wi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Velloso LA, Folli F, Saad MJ. TLR4 at the Crossroads of Nutrients, Gut Microbiota, and Metabolic Inflammation. Endocr Rev 2015; 36:245-71. [PMID: 25811237 DOI: 10.1210/er.2014-1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is accompanied by the activation of low-grade inflammatory activity in metabolically relevant tissues. Studies have shown that obesity-associated insulin resistance results from the inflammatory targeting and inhibition of key proteins of the insulin-signaling pathway. At least three apparently distinct mechanisms-endoplasmic reticulum stress, toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 activation, and changes in gut microbiota-have been identified as triggers of obesity-associated metabolic inflammation; thus, they are expected to represent potential targets for the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. Here, we review the data that place TLR4 in the center of the events that connect the consumption of dietary fats with metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance. Changes in the gut microbiota can lead to reduced integrity of the intestinal barrier, leading to increased leakage of lipopolysaccharides and fatty acids, which can act upon TLR4 to activate systemic inflammation. Fatty acids can also trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress, which can be further stimulated by cross talk with active TLR4. Thus, the current data support a connection among the three main triggers of metabolic inflammation, and TLR4 emerges as a link among all of these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licio A Velloso
- Department of Internal Medicine (L.A.V., F.F., M.J.S.), University of Campinas, 13084-970 Campinas SP, Brazil; and Department of Medicine (F.F.), Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Franco Folli
- Department of Internal Medicine (L.A.V., F.F., M.J.S.), University of Campinas, 13084-970 Campinas SP, Brazil; and Department of Medicine (F.F.), Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Mario J Saad
- Department of Internal Medicine (L.A.V., F.F., M.J.S.), University of Campinas, 13084-970 Campinas SP, Brazil; and Department of Medicine (F.F.), Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
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31
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Zhou H, Gao S, Duan X, Liang S, Scott DA, Lamont RJ, Wang H. Inhibition of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 enhances TLR-mediated inflammation and promotes endotoxin-driven organ failure. FASEB J 2015; 29:3737-49. [PMID: 25993992 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-270462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK)1 is associated with several important pathologic conditions and plays a modulatory role in adaptive immune responses. However, the involvement and functional role of SGK1 in innate immune responses remain entirely unknown. In this study, we establish that SGK1 is a novel and potent negative regulator of TLR-induced inflammation. Pharmacologic inhibition of SGK1 or suppression by small interfering RNA enhances proinflammatory cytokine (TNF, IL-12, and IL-6) production in TLR-engaged monocytes, a result confirmed in Cre-loxP-mediated SGK1-deficient cells. SGK1 inhibition or gene deficiency results in increased phosphorylation of IKK, IκBα, and NF-κB p65 in LPS-stimulated cells. Enhanced NF-κB p65 DNA binding also occurs upon SGK1 inhibition. The subsequent enhancement of proinflammatory cytokines is dependent on the phosphorylation of TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), as confirmed by TAK1 gene silencing. In vivo relevance was established in a murine endotoxin model, in which we found that SGK1 inhibition aggravates the severity of multiple organ damage and enhances the inflammatory response by heightening both proinflammatory cytokine levels and neutrophil infiltration. These findings have identified an anti-inflammatory function of SGK1, elucidated the underlying intracellular mechanisms, and establish, for the first time, that SGK1 holds potential as a novel target for intervention in the control of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxin Zhou
- *Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Shegan Gao
- *Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Xiaoxian Duan
- *Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Shuang Liang
- *Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - David A Scott
- *Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Richard J Lamont
- *Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Huizhi Wang
- *Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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32
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The S6K protein family in health and disease. Life Sci 2015; 131:1-10. [PMID: 25818187 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The S6K proteins are mTOR pathway effectors and accumulative evidence suggest that mTOR/S6K signaling contributes to several pathological conditions, such as diabetes, cancer and obesity. The activation of the mTOR/S6K axis stimulates protein synthesis and cell growth. S6K1 has two well-known isoforms, p70-S6K1 and p85-S6K1, generated by alternative translation initiation sites. A third isoform, named p31-S6K1, has been characterized as a truncated type of the protein due to alternative splicing, and reports have shown its important role in cancer. Studies involving S6K2 are scarce. This article aims to review what is new in the literature about these kinases and establish differences regarding their interacting proteins, activation and function, connecting their roles in the homeostasis of the cell and in pathological conditions.
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Wi SM, Moon G, Kim J, Kim ST, Shim JH, Chun E, Lee KY. TAK1-ECSIT-TRAF6 complex plays a key role in the TLR4 signal to activate NF-κB. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:35205-14. [PMID: 25371197 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.597187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ECSIT (evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathways) is known as a multifunctional regulator in different signals, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), TGF-β, and BMP. Here, we report a new regulatory role of ECSIT in TLR4-mediated signal. By LPS stimulation, ECSIT formed a high molecular endogenous complex including TAK1 and TRAF6, in which ECSIT interacted with each protein and regulated TAK1 activity, leading to the activation of NF-κB. ECSIT-knockdown THP-1 (ECSIT(KD) THP-1) cells exhibited severe impairments in NF-κB activity, cytokine production, and NF-κB-dependent gene expression, whereas those were dramatically restored by reintroduction of wild type (WT) ECSIT gene. Interestingly, ECSIT mutants, which lack a specific interacting domain for either TAK1 or TRAF6, could not restore these activities. Moreover, no significant changes in both NF-κB activity and cytokine production induced by TLR4 could be seen in TAK1(KD) or TRAF6(KD) THP-1 cells transduced by WT ECSIT, strongly suggesting the essential requirement of TAK1-ECSIT-TRAF6 complex in TLR4 signaling. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the ECSIT complex, including TAK1 and TRAF6, plays a pivotal role in TLR4-mediated signals to activate NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Mi Wi
- From the Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Gyuyoung Moon
- From the Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Juhong Kim
- From the Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Seong-Tae Kim
- From the Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- the Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- From the Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Korea,
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Mi Wi S, Park J, Shim JH, Chun E, Lee KY. Ubiquitination of ECSIT is crucial for the activation of p65/p50 NF-κBs in Toll-like receptor 4 signaling. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 26:151-60. [PMID: 25355951 PMCID: PMC4279226 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-08-1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The localization of ECSIT into the nucleus is specifically accompanied by p65/p50 NF-κB in a TLR4-dependent manner. p65 NF-κB specifically interacts with the ubiquitinated ECSIT on the Lys-372 residue, thereby regulating NF-κB activity, NF-κB–dependent gene expression, and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Recent evidence shows that evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathways (ECSIT) interacts with tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6 (TRAF6), is ubiquitinated, and contributes to bactericidal activity during Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. Here we report a new regulatory role for ECSIT in TLR4 signaling. On TLR4 stimulation, endogenous ECSIT formed a molecular complex with p65/p50 NF-κB proteins. Our biochemical studies showed that ECSIT specifically interacted with p65/p50 NF-κB proteins, which colocalized in the nucleus. Of interest, these effects were critically dependent on ubiquitination of the ECSIT lysine (K) 372 residue. K372A mutant ECSIT did not interact with p65/p50 NF-κB proteins and markedly attenuated nuclear colocalization. In addition, ECSIT-knockdown THP-1 cells could not activate NF-κB DNA-binding activities of p65 and p50, production of proinflammatory cytokines, or NF-κB–dependent gene expression in response to TLR4 stimulation. However, these activities were markedly restored by expressing the wild-type ECSIT protein but not the K372A mutant ECSIT protein. These data strongly suggest that the ubiquitination of ECSIT might have a role in the regulation of NF-κB activity in TLR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Mi Wi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongho Park
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Toubiana M, Rosani U, Giambelluca S, Cammarata M, Gerdol M, Pallavicini A, Venier P, Roch P. Toll signal transduction pathway in bivalves: complete cds of intermediate elements and related gene transcription levels in hemocytes of immune stimulated Mytilus galloprovincialis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 45:300-312. [PMID: 24709052 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Based on protein domain structure and organization deduced from mRNA contigs, 15 transcripts of the Toll signaling pathway have been identified in the bivalve, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Identical searches performed on publicly available Mytilus edulis ESTs revealed 11 transcripts, whereas searches performed in genomic and new transcriptome sequences of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, identified 21 Toll-related transcripts. The remarkable molecular diversity of TRAF and IKK coding sequences of C. gigas, suggests that the sequence data inferred from Mytilus cDNAs may not be exhaustive. Most of the Toll pathway genes were constitutively and ubiquitously expressed in M. galloprovincialis, although at different levels, and clearly induced after in vivo injection with bacteria. Such over-transcription was more rapid and intense with Gram-negative than with Gram-positive bacteria. Injection of a fungus modulated the transcription of few Toll pathway genes, with the induction levels of TLR/MyD88 complex being always less intense. Purified LPS and β-glucans had marginal effect whereas peptidoglycans were ineffective. At the moment, we found no evidence of an IMD transcript in bivalves. In conclusion, mussels possess a complete Toll pathway which can be triggered either by Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Toubiana
- Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers (EcoSym), CNRS-Université de Montpellier 2-IRD, cc 093, place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Umberto Rosani
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi, 58/B, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Sonia Giambelluca
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Cammarata
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Venier
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi, 58/B, 35121 Padua, Italy.
| | - Philippe Roch
- Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers (EcoSym), CNRS-Université de Montpellier 2-IRD, cc 093, place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France.
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