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Martínez Báez A, Castro Romero I, Chihu Amparan L, Castañeda JR, Ayala G. The Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 Mediates the Action of Insulin on HeLa Cell Migration via the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2296-2308. [PMID: 36975518 PMCID: PMC10047682 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin signaling plays an important role in the development and progression of cancer since it is involved in proliferation and migration processes. It has been shown that the A isoform of the insulin receptor (IR-A) is often overexpressed, and its stimulation induces changes in the expression of the insulin receptor substrates (IRS-1 and IRS-2), which are expressed differently in the different types of cancer. We study the participation of the insulin substrates IRS-1 and IRS-2 in the insulin signaling pathway in response to insulin and their involvement in the proliferation and migration of the cervical cancer cell line. Our results showed that under basal conditions, the IR-A isoform was predominantly expressed. Stimulation of HeLa cells with 50 nM insulin led to the phosphorylation of IR-A, showing a statistically significant increase at 30 min (p ≤ 0.05). Stimulation of HeLa cells with insulin induces PI3K and AKT phosphorylation through the activation of IRS2, but not IRS1. While PI3K reached the highest level at 30 min after treatment (p ≤ 0.05), AKT had the highest levels from 15 min (p ≤ 0.05) and remained constant for 6 h. ERK1 and ERK2 expression was also observed, but only ERK2 was phosphorylated in a time-dependent manner, reaching a maximum peak 5 min after insulin stimulation. Although no effect on cell proliferation was observed, insulin stimulation of HeLa cells markedly promoted cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Martínez Báez
- Infection Disease Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico
| | - Ivone Castro Romero
- Subdirectorate of Training and Medical Update, Secretary of Health, Mexico City 06900, Mexico
| | - Lilia Chihu Amparan
- Infection Disease Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico
| | | | - Guadalupe Ayala
- Infection Disease Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Koivusalo S, Schmidt A, Manninen A, Wenta T. Regulation of Kinase Signaling Pathways by α6β4-Integrins and Plectin in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:149. [PMID: 36612146 PMCID: PMC9818203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemidesmosomes (HDs) are adhesive structures that ensure stable anchorage of cells to the basement membrane. They are formed by α6β4-integrin heterodimers and linked to intermediate filaments via plectin. It has been reported that one of the most common events during the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa) is the loss of HD organization. While the expression levels of β4-integrins are strongly reduced, the expression levels of α6-integrins and plectin are maintained or even elevated, and seem to promote tumorigenic properties of PCa cells, such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis- and drug-resistance. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms of how HD components might contribute to various cellular signaling pathways to promote prostate carcinogenesis. Moreover, we summarize the current knowledge on the involvement of α6β4-integrins and plectin in PCa initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Koivusalo
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Anette Schmidt
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Aki Manninen
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Tomasz Wenta
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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3
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Lee JS, Tocheny CE, Shaw LM. The Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer: An Elusive Therapeutic Target. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121992. [PMID: 36556357 PMCID: PMC9782138 DOI: 10.3390/life12121992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we provide an overview of the role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway in breast cancer and discuss its potential as a therapeutic target. The IGF pathway ligands, IGF-1 and IGF-2, and their receptors, primarily IGF-1R, are important for normal mammary gland biology, and dysregulation of their expression and function drives breast cancer risk and progression through activation of downstream signaling effectors, often in a subtype-dependent manner. The IGF signaling pathway has also been implicated in resistance to current therapeutic strategies, including ER and HER2 targeting drugs. Unfortunately, efforts to target IGF signaling for the treatment of breast cancer have been unsuccessful, due to a number of factors, most significantly the adverse effects of disrupting IGF signaling on normal glucose metabolism. We highlight here the recent discoveries that provide enthusiasm for continuing efforts to target IGF signaling for the treatment of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leslie M. Shaw
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-508-856-8675; Fax: +1-508-856-1310
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Schmidt A, Kaakinen M, Wenta T, Manninen A. Loss of α6β4 Integrin-Mediated Hemidesmosomes Promotes Prostate Epithelial Cell Migration by Stimulating Focal Adhesion Dynamics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:886569. [PMID: 35874837 PMCID: PMC9301336 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.886569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell adhesion is mediated by actin cytoskeleton-linked focal adhesions (FAs) and intermediate filament-associated hemidesmosomes (HDs). HDs are formed by α6β4-integrins and mediate stable anchoring to the extracellular matrix (ECM) while FAs containing β1-integrins regulate cell migration. Loss of HDs has been reported in various cancers such as prostate cancer where it correlates with increased invasive migration. Here we have studied cell migration properties and FA dynamics in genetically engineered prostate epithelial cell lines with intact or disrupted HDs. Disruption of HDs by depleting α6- or β4-integrin expression promoted collective cell migration and modulated migratory activity. Dynamic analysis of fluorescent protein-tagged FA marker proteins revealed faster FA assembly and disassembly kinetics in HD-depleted cells. FRAP analysis showed that loss of HDs correlated with faster diffusion rates of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and vinculin in and out of FAs. These data suggest that loss of α6β4-mediated HDs promote cell migration and FA assembly dynamics by influencing the molecular diffusion rates of FAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anette Schmidt
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Kaakinen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tomasz Wenta
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- *Correspondence: Tomasz Wenta, ; Aki Manninen,
| | - Aki Manninen
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- *Correspondence: Tomasz Wenta, ; Aki Manninen,
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Rapraeger AC. Syndecans and Their Synstatins: Targeting an Organizer of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling at the Cell-Matrix Interface. Front Oncol 2021; 11:775349. [PMID: 34778093 PMCID: PMC8578902 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.775349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and integrin matrix receptors have well-established roles in tumor cell proliferation, invasion and survival, often functioning in a coordinated fashion at sites of cell-matrix adhesion. Central to this coordination are syndecans, another class of matrix receptor, that organize RTKs and integrins into functional units, relying on docking motifs in the syndecan extracellular domains to capture and localize RTKs (e.g., EGFR, IGF-1R, VEGFR2, HER2) and integrins (e.g., αvβ3, αvβ5, α4β1, α3β1, α6β4) to sites of adhesion. Peptide mimetics of the docking motifs in the syndecans, called “synstatins”, prevent assembly of these receptor complexes, block their signaling activities and are highly effective against tumor cell invasion and survival and angiogenesis. This review describes our current understanding of these four syndecan-coupled mechanisms and their inhibitory synstatins (SSTNIGF1R, SSTNVEGFR2, SSTNVLA-4, SSTNEGFR and SSTNHER2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Rapraeger
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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6
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Te Molder L, de Pereda JM, Sonnenberg A. Regulation of hemidesmosome dynamics and cell signaling by integrin α6β4. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272177. [PMID: 34523678 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemidesmosomes (HDs) are specialized multiprotein complexes that connect the keratin cytoskeleton of epithelial cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM). In the skin, these complexes provide stable adhesion of basal keratinocytes to the underlying basement membrane. Integrin α6β4 is a receptor for laminins and plays a vital role in mediating cell adhesion by initiating the assembly of HDs. In addition, α6β4 has been implicated in signal transduction events that regulate diverse cellular processes, including proliferation and survival. In this Review, we detail the role of α6β4 in HD assembly and beyond, and we discuss the molecular mechanisms that regulate its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Te Molder
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jose M de Pereda
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Tuysuz EC, Ozbey U, Gulluoglu S, Kuskucu A, Sahin F, Bayrak OF. miRNAs as cell fate determinants of lateral and paraxial mesoderm differentiation from embryonic stem cells. Dev Biol 2021; 478:212-221. [PMID: 34245726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To date, the role of miRNAs on pluripotency and differentiation of ESCs into specific lineages has been studied extensively. However, the specific role of miRNAs during lateral and paraxial mesoderm cell fate decision is still unclear. To address this, we firstly determined miRNA profile of mouse ESCs differentiating towards lateral and paraxial lineages which were detected using Flk1 and PDGFαR antibodies, and of myogenic and hematopoietic differentiation potential of purified paraxial and lateral mesodermal cells within these populations. miRNAs associated with lateral and paraxial mesoderm, and their targets were identified using bioinformatics tools. The targets of the corresponding miRNAs were validated after transfection into mouse ESCs. The roles of the selected miRNAs in lateral, and paraxial mesoderm formation were assessed along with hematopoietic and myogenic differentiation capacity. Among the miRNAs, mmu-miR-126a-3p, mmu-miR-335-5p and mmu-miR-672-5p, upregulated in lateral mesoderm cells, and mmu-miR-10b-5p, mmu-miR-196a-5p and mmu-miR-615-3p, upregulated in paraxial mesoderm cells. While transient co-transfection of mmu-miR-126a-3p, mmu-miR-335-5p and mmu-miR-672-5p increased the number of lateral mesodermal cells, co-transfection of mmu-miR-10b-5p, mmu-miR-196a-5p and mmu-miR-615-3p increased the number of paraxial mesodermal cells. Moreover, differentiation potential of the lateral mesodermal cells into hematopoietic cell lineage increased upon co-transfection of mmu-miR-126a-3p, mmu-miR-335-5p and mmu-miR-672-5p and differentiation potential of the paraxial mesodermal cells into skeletal muscle lineage were increased upon co-transfection of mmu-miR-10b-5p, mmu-miR-196a-5p and mmu-miR-615-3p. In conclusion, we determined the miRNA profile of lateral and paraxial mesodermal cells and co-transfection of miRNAs increased differentiation potential of both lateral and paraxial mesodermal cells transiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Can Tuysuz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Utku Ozbey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukru Gulluoglu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Kuskucu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Bayrak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey.
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8
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Hong L, Pu X, Gan H, Weng L, Zheng Q. YTHDF2 inhibit the tumorigenicity of endometrial cancer via downregulating the expression of IRS1 methylated with m 6A. J Cancer 2021; 12:3809-3818. [PMID: 34093789 PMCID: PMC8176259 DOI: 10.7150/jca.54527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA epigenetic modification take part in many biology processes, and the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of specific mRNAs in endometrial cancer (EC) tissues play a key role in regulating the tumorigenicity of EC, but the specific mechanism still unknown and need to be investigated in the future. Here, we found that m6A reader protein YTHDF2 expression was significantly upregulated in EC compare to tumor adjacent tissues, YTHDF2 was then identified to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of EC cell lines. Mechanistically, the m6A reader YTHDF2 bind the methylation sites of target transcripts IRS1 and promoted IRS1 mRNA degradation, consequently inhibiting the expression of IRS1 and inhibiting IRS1/AKT signaling pathway, finally inhibit the tumorigenicity of EC. Thus, we demonstrated that YTHDF2 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of EC via inhibiting IRS1 expression in m6A epigenetic way, which suggests a potential therapeutic target for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Hong
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xiaowen Pu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Haili Gan
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Lichun Weng
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Qingliang Zheng
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
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9
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EGFR-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of integrin β4 is not required for downstream signaling events in cancer cell lines. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8675. [PMID: 33883672 PMCID: PMC8060419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88134-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In epithelial cancers, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and integrin α6β4 are frequently overexpressed and found to synergistically activate intracellular signaling pathways that promote cell proliferation and migration. In cancer cells, the β4 subunit is phosphorylated at tyrosine residues not normally recognized as kinase substrates; however, the function of these phosphotyrosine residues in cancer cells is a subject of much debate. In EGFR-overexpressing carcinoma cells, we found that the Src family kinase (SFK) inhibitor PP2 reduces β4 tyrosine phosphorylation following the activation of EGFR. However, siRNA mediated knockdown of the SFKs Src, Fyn, Yes and Lyn, individually or in combination, did not affect the EGF-induced phosphorylation of β4. Using phospho-peptide affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry, we found that PLCγ1 binds β4 at the phosphorylated residues Y1422/Y1440, but were unable to verify this interaction in A431 carcinoma cells that overexpress the EGFR. Furthermore, using A431 cells devoid of β4 or reconstituted with phenylalanine specific mutants of β4, the activation of several downstream signaling pathways, including PLCγ/PKC, MAPK and PI3K/Akt, were not substantially affected. We conclude that tyrosine-phosphorylated β4 does not enhance EGFR-mediated signaling in EGFR-overexpressing cells, despite the fact that this integrin subunit is highly tyrosine phosphorylated in these cells.
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Zuidema A, Wang W, Sonnenberg A. Crosstalk between Cell Adhesion Complexes in Regulation of Mechanotransduction. Bioessays 2020; 42:e2000119. [PMID: 32830356 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Physical forces regulate numerous biological processes during development, physiology, and pathology. Forces between the external environment and intracellular actin cytoskeleton are primarily transmitted through integrin-containing focal adhesions and cadherin-containing adherens junctions. Crosstalk between these complexes is well established and modulates the mechanical landscape of the cell. However, integrins and cadherins constitute large families of adhesion receptors and form multiple complexes by interacting with different ligands, adaptor proteins, and cytoskeletal filaments. Recent findings indicate that integrin-containing hemidesmosomes oppose force transduction and traction force generation by focal adhesions. The cytolinker plectin mediates this crosstalk by coupling intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton. Similarly, cadherins in desmosomes might modulate force generation by adherens junctions. Moreover, mechanotransduction can be influenced by podosomes, clathrin lattices, and tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. This review discusses mechanotransduction by multiple integrin- and cadherin-based cell adhesion complexes, which together with the associated cytoskeleton form an integrated network that allows cells to sense, process, and respond to their physical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Zuidema
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066 CX, The Netherlands
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11
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Mao N, Gao D, Hu W, Gadal S, Hieronymus H, Wang S, Lee YS, Sullivan P, Zhang Z, Choi D, Rosen N, Sawyers CL, Gopalan A, Chen Y, Carver BS. Oncogenic ERG Represses PI3K Signaling through Downregulation of IRS2. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1428-1437. [PMID: 32015092 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genomic rearrangements leading to the aberrant expression of ERG are the most common early events in prostate cancer and are significantly enriched for the concomitant loss of PTEN. Genetically engineered mouse models reveal that ERG overexpression alone is not sufficient to induce tumorigenesis, but combined loss of PTEN results in an aggressive invasive phenotype. Here, we show that oncogenic ERG repressed PI3K signaling through direct transcriptional suppression of IRS2, leading to reduced RTK levels and activity. In accordance with this finding, ERG-positive human prostate cancers had a repressed AKT gene signature and transcriptional downregulation of IRS2. Although overexpression of IRS2 activated PI3K signaling, promoting cell migration in a PI3K-dependent manner, this did not fully recapitulate the phenotype seen with loss of PTEN as PI3K signaling is not as robust as observed in the setting of loss of PTEN. Importantly, deletions of the PTEN locus, which promotes active PI3K signaling, were among the most significant copy-number alterations that co-occurred with ERG genomic rearrangements. This work provides insight on how initiating oncogenic events may directly influence the selection of secondary concomitant alterations to promote oncogenic signaling during tumor evolution. SIGNIFICANCE: This work provides insight on how initiating oncogenic events may directly influence the selection of secondary concomitant alterations to promote tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninghui Mao
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Dong Gao
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Wenhuo Hu
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sunyana Gadal
- Molecular Oncology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Haley Hieronymus
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Shangqian Wang
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Young Sun Lee
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Patrick Sullivan
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Zeda Zhang
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Danielle Choi
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Neal Rosen
- Molecular Oncology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charles L Sawyers
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anuradha Gopalan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yu Chen
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Brett S Carver
- Human Oncogenesis and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. .,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Division of Urology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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12
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Shi Y, Liu L, Hamada T, Nowak JA, Giannakis M, Ma Y, Song M, Nevo D, Kosumi K, Gu M, Kim SA, Morikawa T, Wu K, Sui J, Papantoniou K, Wang M, Chan AT, Fuchs CS, Meyerhardt JA, Giovannucci E, Ogino S, Schernhammer ES, Nishihara R, Zhang X. Night-Shift Work Duration and Risk of Colorectal Cancer According to IRS1 and IRS2 Expression. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:133-140. [PMID: 31666286 PMCID: PMC6954315 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that the risk of colorectal cancer in night-shift workers might be different according to insulin receptor substrate status. METHODS Among 77,470 eligible women having night work assessed in the Nurses' Health Study, we documented a total of 1,397 colorectal cancer cases, of which 304 or 308 had available data on IRS1 and IRS2, respectively. We used duplication-method Cox proportional hazards regression analysis for competing risks to calculate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each colorectal cancer subtype. We measured tumor IRS1 or IRS2 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS Compared with women who never worked night shifts, those working ≥15 years night shifts had a marginal trend of increased overall risk of colorectal cancer (P trend = 0.06; multivariable HR = 1.20; 95% CI, 0.99-1.45). Longer duration of night-shift work was associated with a higher risk of IRS2-positive tumors (multivariable HR = 2.69; 95% CI, 1.48-4.89; P trend = 0.001, ≥15 years night shifts vs. never) but not with IRS2-negative tumors (multivariable HR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.54-1.51; P trend = 0.72; P heterogeneity for IRS2 = 0.008). Similarly, the corresponding multivariable HRs were 1.81 for IRS1-positive tumors (95% CI, 0.94-3.48; P trend = 0.06) and 1.13 for IRS1-negative tumors (95% CI, 0.71-1.80; P trend = 0.56; P heterogeneity for IRS1 = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our molecular pathologic epidemiology data suggest a potential role of IRS in mediating carcinogenesis induced by night-shift work. IMPACT Although these findings need validation, rotating night shift might increase colorectal cancer risk in women with abnormal insulin receptor pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yanan Ma
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingyang Song
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel Nevo
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Keisuke Kosumi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mancang Gu
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sun A Kim
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Teppei Morikawa
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jing Sui
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kyriaki Papantoniou
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eva S Schernhammer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reiko Nishihara
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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13
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Sun G, Su G, Liu F, Han W. NRAS Contributes to Retinoblastoma Progression Through SNHG16/miR-183-5p/NRAS Regulatory Network. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10703-10715. [PMID: 31827328 PMCID: PMC6902855 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s232470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The oncogene of wild type neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) has been found to involve in the tumorigenesis of cancers. However, the role of NRAS in retinoblastoma (RB) progression remains largely unknown. Methods The expression levels of NRAS, miR-183-5p and small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay or Western blot assay, respectively. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay or flow cytometry, respectively. Transwell assay was used to determine cell migration and invasion abilities. The interaction between miR-183-5p and NRAS or SNHG16 was analyzed using bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results NRAS was elevated in RB tissues and cell lines, knockdown of NRAS could inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion but induced apoptosis in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. NRAS was confirmed to be a target of miR-183-5p and was negatively regulated by miR-183-5p in RB cells. Moreover, overexpressed NRAS reversed miR-183-5p mediated inhibition on RB cell progression. Besides that, SNHG16 directly interacted with miR-183-5p and reduced miR-183-5p expression in RB cells. The suppression of RB cell progression induced by SNHG16 silencing could be partially attenuated by the inhibition of miR-183-5p. Besides that, SNHG16 could regulate NRAS expression through competitively binding to miR-183-5p in RB cells. Conclusion NRAS functioned as an oncogene to contribute to RB progression by SNHG16/miR-183-5p/NRAS regulatory network, indicating a novel and promising therapeutic target for RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangli Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People's Republic of China
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14
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Park JS, Lee J, Jung ES, Kim MH, Kim IB, Son H, Kim S, Kim S, Park YM, Mook-Jung I, Yu SJ, Lee JH. Brain somatic mutations observed in Alzheimer's disease associated with aging and dysregulation of tau phosphorylation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3090. [PMID: 31300647 PMCID: PMC6626023 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of brain somatic mutations in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is not well understood. Here, we perform deep whole-exome sequencing (average read depth 584×) in 111 postmortem hippocampal formation and matched blood samples from 52 patients with AD and 11 individuals not affected by AD. The number of somatic single nucleotide variations (SNVs) in AD brain specimens increases significantly with aging, and the rate of mutation accumulation in the brain is 4.8-fold slower than that in AD blood. The putatively pathogenic brain somatic mutations identified in 26.9% (14 of 52) of AD individuals are enriched in PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and AMPK pathway genes known to contribute to hyperphosphorylation of tau. We show that a pathogenic brain somatic mutation in PIN1 leads to a loss-of-function mutation. In vitro mimicking of haploinsufficiency of PIN1 aberrantly increases tau phosphorylation and aggregation. This study provides new insights into the genetic architecture underlying the pathogenesis of AD. The role of brain somatic mutations in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is not well understood. Here the authors carry out high-depth exome sequencing ~500× on brain tissue from patients with AD and controls, and identify mutations in a number of genes that are known to contribute to phosphorylation and aggregation of tau, including PIN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Park
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junehawk Lee
- Center for Supercomputing Applications, Division of National Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Heui Kim
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Bin Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonju Son
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sanghyeon Kim
- Laboratory of Brain Research, Stanley Medical Research Institute (SMRI), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite C-050, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Young Mok Park
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jong Yu
- Center for Supercomputing Applications, Division of National Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Ho Lee
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea. .,Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Song YK, Wang Y, Wen YY, Zhao P, Bian ZJ. MicroRNA-22 Suppresses Breast Cancer Cell Growth and Increases Paclitaxel Sensitivity by Targeting NRAS. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 17:1533033818809997. [PMID: 30384806 PMCID: PMC6259065 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818809997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent study, microRNAs have various important functions in diverse biological
processes and progression of cancer. In human breast cancer, microRNA-22 has been reported
to be downregulated. However, molecular mechanism of microRNA-22 in breast cancer
progression and chemosensitivity has not been well studied. In our study, these results
demonstrated that microRNA-22 expression levels were significantly reduced in 40 pairs of
human breast cancer tissues when compared to normal tissues. Enforced expression of
microRNA-22 inhibited activity of cell proliferation and cell migration in breast cancer
cells. Furthermore, microRNA-22 targeted NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (NRAS) in breast
cancer cells. The expression levels of NRAS in human clinical specimens were higher in
breast cancer tissues when compared to normal tissues. Moreover, microRNA-22 sensitized
breast cancer cells to paclitaxel by regulation of NRAS. Our results then demonstrated
that microRNA-22 functioned as a tumor suppressor microRNA and indicated potential
application for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Kui Song
- 1 Intensive Care Unit, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- 2 Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Yang Wen
- 3 Department of Pathology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Zhao
- 2 Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jie Bian
- 2 Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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16
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Mu W, Wang Z, Zöller M. Ping-Pong-Tumor and Host in Pancreatic Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1359. [PMID: 31921628 PMCID: PMC6927459 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of high pancreatic cancer (PaCa) mortality and trials dampening PaCa mortality rates are not satisfying. Tumor progression is driven by the crosstalk between tumor cells, predominantly cancer-initiating cells (CIC), and surrounding cells and tissues as well as distant organs, where tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEX) are of major importance. A strong stroma reaction, recruitment of immunosuppressive leukocytes, perineural invasion, and early spread toward the peritoneal cavity, liver, and lung are shared with several epithelial cell-derived cancer, but are most prominent in PaCa. Here, we report on the state of knowledge on the PaCIC markers Tspan8, alpha6beta4, CD44v6, CXCR4, LRP5/6, LRG5, claudin7, EpCAM, and CD133, which all, but at different steps, are engaged in the metastatic cascade, frequently via PaCIC-TEX. This includes the contribution of PaCIC markers to TEX biogenesis, targeting, and uptake. We then discuss PaCa-selective features, where feedback loops between stromal elements and tumor cells, including distorted transcription, signal transduction, and metabolic shifts, establish vicious circles. For the latter particularly pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are responsible, furnishing PaCa to cope with poor angiogenesis-promoted hypoxia by metabolic shifts and direct nutrient transfer via vesicles. Furthermore, nerves including Schwann cells deliver a large range of tumor cell attracting factors and Schwann cells additionally support PaCa cell survival by signaling receptor binding. PSC, tumor-associated macrophages, and components of the dysplastic stroma contribute to perineural invasion with signaling pathway activation including the cholinergic system. Last, PaCa aggressiveness is strongly assisted by the immune system. Although rich in immune cells, only immunosuppressive cells and factors are recovered in proximity to tumor cells and hamper effector immune cells entering the tumor stroma. Besides a paucity of immunostimulatory factors and receptors, immunosuppressive cytokines, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T-cells, and M2 macrophages as well as PSC actively inhibit effector cell activation. This accounts for NK cells of the non-adaptive and cytotoxic T-cells of the adaptive immune system. We anticipate further deciphering the molecular background of these recently unraveled intermingled phenomena may turn most lethal PaCa into a curatively treatable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Mu
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong, Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Margot Zöller
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong, Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Liu X, Lv X, Yang Q, Jin H, Zhou W, Fan Q. MicroRNA-29a Functions as a Tumor Suppressor and Increases Cisplatin Sensitivity by Targeting NRAS in Lung Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818758905. [PMID: 29495918 PMCID: PMC5843100 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818758905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been reported to play an important role in diverse biological processes and progression of various cancers. MicroRNA-29a has been observed to be downregulated in human lung cancer tissues, but the function of microRNA-29a in lung cancer has not been well investigated. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression levels of microRNA-29a were significantly downregulated in 38 pairs of lung cancer tissues when compared to adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression of microRNA-29a inhibited the activity of cell proliferation and colony formation of lung cancer cells, H1299 and A549. Furthermore, microRNA-29a targeted NRAS proto-oncogene in lung cancer cells. In human clinical specimens, NRAS proto-oncogene was highly expressed in human lung cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. More interestingly, microRNA-29a also sensitizes lung cancer cells to cisplatin (CDDP[Please replace “CDDP” with its expansion in the abstract and also provide expansion for the same in its first occurrence in text, if appropriate.]) via its target, NRAS proto-oncogene. Thus, our results in this study demonstrated that microRNA-29a acted as a tumor suppressor microRNA, which indicated potential application of microRNAs for the treatment of human lung cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- 1 Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianping Lv
- 1 Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiankun Yang
- 1 Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huifang Jin
- 1 Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhou
- 2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qingxia Fan
- 2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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18
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Identification of a Novel Invasion-Promoting Region in Insulin Receptor Substrate 2. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00590-17. [PMID: 29685905 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00590-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins IRS1 and IRS2 share considerable homology and activate common signaling pathways, their contributions to breast cancer are distinct. IRS1 has been implicated in the proliferation and survival of breast tumor cells. In contrast, IRS2 facilitates glycolysis, invasion, and metastasis. To determine the mechanistic basis for IRS2-dependent functions, we investigated unique structural features of IRS2 that are required for invasion. Our studies revealed that the ability of IRS2 to promote invasion is dependent upon upstream insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R)/insulin receptor (IR) activation and the recruitment and activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), functions shared with IRS1. In addition, a 174-amino-acid region in the IRS2 C-terminal tail, which is not conserved in IRS1, is also required for IRS2-mediated invasion. Importantly, this "invasion (INV) region" is sufficient to confer invasion-promoting ability when swapped into IRS1. However, the INV region is not required for the IRS2-dependent regulation of glucose uptake. Bone morphogenetic protein 2-inducible kinase (BMP2K) binds to the INV region and contributes to IRS2-dependent invasion. Taken together, our data advance the mechanistic understanding of how IRS2 regulates invasion and reveal that IRS2 functions important for cancer can be independently targeted without interfering with the metabolic activities of this adaptor protein.
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19
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Srinivas KP, Viji R, Dan VM, Sajitha IS, Prakash R, Rahul PV, Santhoshkumar TR, Lakshmi S, Pillai MR. DEPTOR promotes survival of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cells and its silencing induces apoptosis through downregulating PI3K/AKT and by up-regulating p38 MAP kinase. Oncotarget 2018; 7:24154-71. [PMID: 26992219 PMCID: PMC5029691 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
DEPTOR is an endogenous inhibitor of mTOR complexes, de-regulated in cancers. The present study reveals a vital role for DEPTOR in survival of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). DEPTOR was found to be overexpressed in both cervical SCC cells and tissues and it's silencing in cervical SCC cells induced apoptosis, mainly by up-regulation of p38 MAPK and by inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway via a feed-back inhibition from mTORC1-S6K. DEPTOR silencing resulted in reduced expression of the nitric oxide synthases iNOS and eNOS, as well as increased activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinases. Activation of AKT signaling by overexpression of constitutively active-AKT (CA-AKT) failed to overcome the apoptosis caused by DEPTOR silencing. Similarly pharmacological inhibition of ERK also failed to control apoptosis. However pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK rescued the cells from apoptosis, indicating the major role of p38 MAPK in cell death induced by DEPTOR silencing. DEPTOR was also found to regulate ERK1/2 in an AKT dependent manner. DEPTOR knockdown induced cell death in SiHa cells overexpressing the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, indicating strong survival role of DEPTOR in these cells. DEPTOR overexpression activated PI3K/AKT by relieving the negative feed-back inhibition from mTORC1-S6K. DEPTOR regulation was also observed to be independent of HPV E6/E7 oncoproteins, but it might be a molecular co-factor contributing to cervical carcinogenesis. In summary, DEPTOR is found to promote survival of cervical SCC cells and its reduction induced apoptosis via differential effects on PI3K/AKT and p38 MAPK and can be a potential target in cervical SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Remadevi Viji
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
| | - Vipin Mohan Dan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
| | - Indira Sukumaran Sajitha
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
| | - Rajappan Prakash
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
| | - Puthan Valappil Rahul
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
| | - Thankayyan R Santhoshkumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
| | - Subhadra Lakshmi
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram-695011, Kerala, India
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20
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A small molecule induces integrin β4 nuclear translocation and apoptosis selectively in cancer cells with high expression of integrin β4. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16282-96. [PMID: 26918348 PMCID: PMC4941314 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased integrin β4 (ITGB4) level is accompanied by malignant progression of multiple carcinomas. However, selective therapeutic strategies against cancer cells expressing a high level of ITGB4 have not been reported. Here, for the first time, we report that a chiral small molecule, SEC, selectively promotes apoptosis in cancer cells expressing a high level of ITGB4 by inducing ITGB4 nuclear translocation. Nuclear ITGB4 can bind to the ATF3 promoter region and activate the expression of ATF3, then upregulate the downstream pro-apoptosis genes. Furthermore, SEC promoted the binding of annexin A7 (ANXA7) to ITGB4 and increased ANXA7 GTPase activity. Activated ANXA7 promoted ITGB4 nuclear translocation by triggering ITGB4 phosphorylation at Y1494. SEC also inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in the avian embryo model. We identified a small molecule, SEC, with selective pro-apoptosis effects on cancer cells with high expression of ITGB4, both in vitro and in vivo, by triggering the binding of ITGB4 and ANXA7, ITGB4 nuclear trafficking, and pro-apoptosis gene expression.
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21
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Wang X, Yue P, Tao H, Sun SY. Inhibition of p70S6K does not mimic the enhancement of Akt phosphorylation by rapamycin. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00378. [PMID: 28831455 PMCID: PMC5552102 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1)/p70S6K axis represses upstream PI3K/Akt signaling through phosphorylation of IRS-1 and its subsequent degradation. One potential and current model that explains Akt activation induced by the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin is the relief of mTORC1/p70S6K-mediated feedback inhibition of IRS-1/PI3K/Akt signaling, although this has not been experimentally proven. In this study, we found that chemical inhibition of p70S6K did not increase Akt phosphorylation. Surprisingly, knockdown of p70S6K even substantially inhibited Akt phosphorylation. Hence, p70S6K inhibition clearly does not mimic the activation of Akt by rapamycin. Inhibition or enforced activation of p70S6K did not affect the ability of rapamycin to increase Akt phosphorylation. Moreover, inhibition of mTORC1 with either rapamycin or raptor knockdown did not elevate IRS-1 levels, despite potently increasing Akt phosphorylation. Critically, knockdown or knockout of IRS-1 or IRS-2 failed to abolish the ability of rapamycin to increase Akt phosphorylation. Therefore, IRS-1 and IRS-2 are not essential for mediating rapamycin-induced Akt activation. Collectively, our findings suggest that Akt activation by rapamycin or mTORC1 inhibition is unlikely due to relief of p70S6K-mediated feedback inhibition of IRS-1/PI3K/Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Yue
- Departments of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hui Tao
- Departments of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shi-Yong Sun
- Departments of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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22
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Kariya Y, Kariya Y, Gu J. Roles of Integrin α6β4 Glycosylation in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9070079. [PMID: 28678156 PMCID: PMC5532615 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9070079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant transformation is accompanied with aberrant glycosylation of proteins. Such changes in glycan structure also occur in the integrins, which are a large family of cell surface receptors for the extracellular matrix and play key roles in tumor progression. There is now increasing evidence that glycosylation of integrins affects cellular signaling and interaction with the extracellular matrix, receptor tyrosine kinases, and galectins, thereby regulating cell adhesion, motility, growth, and survival. Integrin α6β4 is a receptor for laminin-332 and the increased expression level is correlated with malignant progression and poor survival in various types of cancers. Recent studies have revealed that integrin α6β4 plays central roles in tumorigenesis and the metastatic process. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of tumor progression driven by integrin α6β4 and also discuss the modification of glycans on integrin β4 subunit to address the important roles of glycan in integrin-mediated tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Kariya
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Kariya
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan.
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23
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Zhang Y, Sun X, Icli B, Feinberg MW. Emerging Roles for MicroRNAs in Diabetic Microvascular Disease: Novel Targets for Therapy. Endocr Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1210/er.2016-1122.2017.1.test] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhang Y, Sun X, Icli B, Feinberg MW. Emerging Roles for MicroRNAs in Diabetic Microvascular Disease: Novel Targets for Therapy. Endocr Rev 2017; 38:145-168. [PMID: 28323921 PMCID: PMC5460677 DOI: 10.1210/er.2016-1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic, low-grade systemic inflammation and impaired microvascular function are critical hallmarks in the development of insulin resistance. Accordingly, insulin resistance is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Accumulating studies demonstrate that restoration of impaired function of the diabetic macro- and microvasculature may ameliorate a range of cardiovascular disease states and diabetes-associated complications. In this review, we focus on the emerging role of microRNAs (miRNAs), noncoding RNAs that fine-tune target gene expression and signaling pathways, in insulin-responsive tissues and cell types important for maintaining optimal vascular homeostasis and preventing the sequelae of diabetes-induced end organ injury. We highlight current pathophysiological paradigms of miRNAs and their targets involved in regulating the diabetic microvasculature in a range of diabetes-associated complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, wound healing, and myocardial injury. We provide an update of the potential use of circulating miRNAs diagnostically in type I or type II diabetes. Finally, we discuss emerging delivery platforms for manipulating miRNA expression or function as the next frontier in therapeutic intervention to improve diabetes-associated microvascular dysfunction and its attendant clinical consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China, and
| | - Xinghui Sun
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588
| | - Basak Icli
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Mark W. Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Dilly AK, Tang K, Guo Y, Joshi S, Ekambaram P, Maddipati KR, Cai Y, Tucker SC, Honn KV. Convergence of eicosanoid and integrin biology: Role of Src in 12-LOX activation. Exp Cell Res 2017; 351:1-10. [PMID: 28011194 PMCID: PMC5303182 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
12-Lipoxygenase (12-LOX) metabolizes arachidonic acid to 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, or 12(S)-HETE, a proinflammatory bioactive lipid implicated in tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. The mechanisms underlying 12-LOX-mediated signaling in cancer progression are still ill-defined. In the present study we demonstrate that 12-LOX phosphorylation and subsequent enzymatic activity occurs after integrin β4 stimulation and Src kinase recruitment to the integrin subunit. Inhibition of Src activity by PP2 or Src dominant-negative mutants reduced 12-LOX tyrosine phosphorylation and 12(S)-HETE production in response to integrin β4 stimulation in A431 cells. The pertinent Src-targeted residues for 12-LOX activity were mapped to Y19 and Y614, where 12-LOX mutants Y19F and Y614F showed 70% less enzymatic activity. Furthermore, we have shown that the 12-LOX activity modulated by these residues impacts migration. To our knowledge, this is the first report that c-Src kinase activity is required for β4-integrin-mediated phosphorylation of 12-LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok-Kumar Dilly
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Keqin Tang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Yande Guo
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Sangeeta Joshi
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Prasanna Ekambaram
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Yinlong Cai
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Stephanie C Tucker
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Kenneth V Honn
- Departments of Pathology-Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Departments of Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
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26
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The opposing roles of laminin-binding integrins in cancer. Matrix Biol 2017; 57-58:213-243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Farabaugh SM, Chan BT, Cui X, Dearth RK, Lee AV. Lack of interaction between ErbB2 and insulin receptor substrate signaling in breast cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2016; 14:25. [PMID: 27765041 PMCID: PMC5073819 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-016-0148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ErbB2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (ErbB2, HER2/Neu) is amplified in breast cancer and associated with poor prognosis. Growing evidence suggests interplay between ErbB2 and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling. For example, ErbB2 inhibitors can block IGF-induced signaling while, conversely, IGF1R inhibitors can inhibit ErbB2 action. ErbB receptors can bind and phosphorylate insulin receptor substrates (IRS) and this may be critical for ErbB-mediated anti-estrogen resistance in breast cancer. Herein, we examined crosstalk between ErbB2 and IRSs using cancer cell lines and transgenic mouse models. Methods MMTV-ErbB2 and MMTV-IRS2 transgenic mice were crossed to create hemizygous MMTV-ErbB2/MMTV-IRS2 bigenic mice. Signaling crosstalk between ErbB2 and IRSs was examined in vitro by knockdown or overexpression followed by western blot analysis for downstream signaling intermediates and growth assays. Results A cross between MMTV-ErbB2 and MMTV-IRS2 mice demonstrated no enhancement of ErbB2 mediated mammary tumorigenesis or metastasis by elevated IRS2. Substantiating this, overexpression or knockdown of IRS1 or IRS2 in MMTV-ErbB2 mammary cancer cell lines had little effect upon ErbB2 signaling. Similar results were obtained in human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) and breast cancer cell lines. Conclusion Despite previous evidence suggesting that ErbB receptors can bind and activate IRSs, our findings indicate that ErbB2 does not cooperate with the IRS pathway in these models to promote mammary tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Farabaugh
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Magee Women's Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Room A412, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Bonita T Chan
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Cui
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert K Dearth
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Magee Women's Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Room A412, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Insulin Receptor Substrate Adaptor Proteins Mediate Prognostic Gene Expression Profiles in Breast Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150564. [PMID: 26991655 PMCID: PMC4798554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapies targeting the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) have not been developed with predictive biomarkers to identify tumors with receptor activation. We have previously shown that the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) adaptor proteins are necessary for linking IGF1R to downstream signaling pathways and the malignant phenotype in breast cancer cells. The purpose of this study was to identify gene expression profiles downstream of IGF1R and its two adaptor proteins. IRS-null breast cancer cells (T47D-YA) were engineered to express IRS-1 or IRS-2 alone and their ability to mediate IGF ligand-induced proliferation, motility, and gene expression determined. Global gene expression signatures reflecting IRS adaptor specific and primary vs. secondary ligand response were derived (Early IRS-1, Late IRS-1, Early IRS-2 and Late IRS-2) and functional pathway analysis examined. IRS isoforms mediated distinct gene expression profiles, functional pathways, and breast cancer subtype association. For example, IRS-1/2-induced TGFb2 expression and blockade of TGFb2 abrogated IGF-induced cell migration. In addition, the prognostic value of IRS proteins was significant in the luminal B breast tumor subtype. Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that IRS adaptor signatures correlated with poor outcome as measured by recurrence-free and overall survival. Thus, IRS adaptor protein expression is required for IGF ligand responses in breast cancer cells. IRS-specific gene signatures represent accurate surrogates of IGF activity and could predict response to anti-IGF therapy in breast cancer.
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Zhao X, Zhu D, Lu C, Yan D, Li L, Chen Z. MicroRNA-126 inhibits the migration and invasion of endometrial cancer cells by targeting insulin receptor substrate 1. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:1207-1212. [PMID: 26893720 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.4001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) have been demonstrated to serve important roles in the development and progression of human cancer, primarily through the direct targeting of oncogenes or tumor suppressors. It has been previously suggested that miR-126 may be associated with endometrial cancer (EC). However, the exact role of miR-126 in the migration and invasion of EC cells has not yet been studied. The present study demonstrated that the expression of miR-126 was significantly decreased in EC tissues when compared with matched normal adjacent tissues. The current study reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed in order to examine the expression level of miR-126. Wound healing and transwell assays were used to examine cell migration and invasion. A luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the targeting relationship and western blotting assay was performed to detect the protein expression. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-126 significantly inhibited EC SKOV3 cell migration and invasion. Molecular mechanism investigation established that insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) functioned as a direct miR-126 target, and its expression was negatively regulated by miR-126 at a post-transcriptional level in the SKOV3 cells. Additionally, the overexpression of IRS1 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-126 overexpression on SKOV3 cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that miR-126 inhibited EC cell migration and invasion, at least partially through the direct targeting of IRS1, suggesting that miR-126 may aid the treatment of EC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Danyang Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Cailing Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Dewen Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Zhoufang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
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Wang H, Jin H, Rapraeger AC. Syndecan-1 and Syndecan-4 Capture Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family Members and the α3β1 Integrin Via Binding Sites in Their Ectodomains: NOVEL SYNSTATINS PREVENT KINASE CAPTURE AND INHIBIT α6β4-INTEGRIN-DEPENDENT EPITHELIAL CELL MOTILITY. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:26103-13. [PMID: 26350464 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.679084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The α6β4 integrin is known to associate with receptor tyrosine kinases when engaged in epithelial wound healing and in carcinoma invasion and survival. Prior work has shown that HER2 associates with α6β4 integrin and syndecan-1 (Sdc1), in which Sdc1 engages the cytoplasmic domain of the β4 integrin subunit allowing HER2-dependent motility and carcinoma cell survival. In contrast, EGFR associates with Sdc4 and the α6β4 integrin, and EGFR-dependent motility depends on cytoplasmic engagement of β4 integrin with Sdc4. However, how HER2 and EGFR assimilate into a complex with the syndecans and integrin, and why kinase capture is syndecan-specific has remained unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that HER2 is captured via a site, comprised of amino acids 210-240, in the extracellular domain of human Sdc1, and EGFR is captured via an extracellular site comprised of amino acids 87-131 in human Sdc4. Binding assays using purified recombinant proteins demonstrate that the interaction between the EGFR family members and the syndecans is direct. The α3β1 integrin, which is responsible for the motility of the cells, is captured at these sites as well. Peptides based on the interaction motifs in Sdc1 and Sdc4, called synstatins (SSTN210-240 and SSTN87-131) competitively displace the receptor tyrosine kinase and α3β1 integrin from the syndecan with an IC50 of 100-300 nm. The syndecans remain anchored to the α6β4 integrin via its cytoplasmic domain, but the activation of cell motility is disrupted. These novel SSTN peptides are potential therapeutics for carcinomas that depend on these HER2- and EGFR-coupled mechanisms for their invasion and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alan C Rapraeger
- From the Department of Human Oncology and the University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
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31
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Clinical significance of the integrin α6β4 in human malignancies. J Transl Med 2015; 95:976-86. [PMID: 26121317 PMCID: PMC4554527 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2015.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin α6β4 is a cellular adhesion molecule that binds to laminins in the extracellular matrix and nucleates the formation of hemidesmosomes. During carcinoma progression, integrin α6β4 is released from hemidesmosomes, where it can then signal to facilitate multiple aspects of tumor progression including sustaining proliferative signaling, tumor invasion and metastasis, evasion of apoptosis, and stimulation of angiogenesis. The integrin achieves these ends by cooperating with growth factor receptors including EGFR, ErbB-2, and c-Met to amplify downstream pathways such as PI3K, AKT, MAPK, and the Rho family small GTPases. Furthermore, it dramatically alters the transcriptome toward a more invasive phenotype by controlling promoter DNA demethylation of invasion and metastasis-associated proteins, such as S100A4 and autotaxin, and upregulates and activates key tumor-promoting transcription factors such as the NFATs and NF-κB. Expression of integrin α6β4 has been studied in many human malignancies where its overexpression is associated with aggressive behavior and a poor prognosis. This review provides an assessment of integrin α6β4 expression patterns and their prognostic significance in human malignancies, and describes key signaling functions of integrin α6β4 that contribute to tumor progression.
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32
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Wang L, Shi ZM, Jiang CF, Liu X, Chen QD, Qian X, Li DM, Ge X, Wang XF, Liu LZ, You YP, Liu N, Jiang BH. MiR-143 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting N-RAS and enhances temozolomide-induced apoptosis in glioma. Oncotarget 2015; 5:5416-27. [PMID: 24980823 PMCID: PMC4170647 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic applications of microRNAs (miRNAs) in RAS-driven glioma were valuable, but their specific roles and functions have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we firstly report that miR-143 directly targets the neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (N-RAS) and functions as a tumor-suppressor in glioma. Overexpression of miR-143 decreased the expression of N-RAS, inhibited PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK signaling, and attenuated the accumulation of p65 in nucleus of glioma cells. In human clinical specimens, miR-143 was downregulated where an adverse with N-RAS expression was observed. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-143 decreased glioma cell migration, invasion, tube formation and slowed tumor growth and angiogenesis in a manner associated with N-RAS downregulation in vitro and in vivo. Finally, miR-143 also sensitizes glioma cells to temozolomide (TMZ),the first-line drug for glioma treatment. Taken together, for the first time, our results demonstrate that miR-143 plays a significant role in inactivating the RAS signaling pathway through the inhibition of N-RAS, which may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of glioma and other RAS-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Zhu-Mei Shi
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Cheng-Fei Jiang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiu-Dan Chen
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Qian
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Mei Li
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Ge
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xie-Feng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Yong-Ping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
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Parker R, Vella LJ, Xavier D, Amirkhani A, Parker J, Cebon J, Molloy MP. Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Cell-Based Resistance to BRAF Inhibitor Therapy in Melanoma. Front Oncol 2015; 5:95. [PMID: 26029660 PMCID: PMC4432663 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of melanoma by targeted inhibition of the mutated kinase BRAF with small molecules only temporarily suppresses metastatic disease. In the face of chemical inhibition tumor plasticity, both innate and adaptive, promotes survival through the biochemical and genetic reconfiguration of cellular pathways that can engage proliferative and migratory systems. To investigate this process, high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to characterize the phosphoproteome of this transition in vitro. A simple and accurate, label-free quantitative method was used to localize and quantitate thousands of phosphorylation events. We also correlated changes in the phosphoproteome with the proteome to more accurately determine changes in the activity of regulatory kinases determined by kinase landscape profiling. The abundance of phosphopeptides with sites that function in cytoskeletal regulation, GTP/GDP exchange, protein kinase C, IGF signaling, and melanosome maturation were highly divergent after transition to a drug resistant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Parker
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Laura J Vella
- Cancer Immunology Group, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Heidelberg, VIC , Australia
| | - Dylan Xavier
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Ardeshir Amirkhani
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Jimmy Parker
- NHS Trust Southport and Ormskirk General Hospital , Ormskirk , UK
| | - Jonathan Cebon
- Cancer Immunology Group, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Heidelberg, VIC , Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, NSW , Australia
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Alonso-García N, García-Rubio I, Manso JA, Buey RM, Urien H, Sonnenberg A, Jeschke G, de Pereda JM. Combination of X-ray crystallography, SAXS and DEER to obtain the structure of the FnIII-3,4 domains of integrin α6β4. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2015; 71:969-85. [PMID: 25849406 PMCID: PMC4388270 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004715002485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Integrin α6β4 is a major component of hemidesmosomes that mediate the stable anchorage of epithelial cells to the underlying basement membrane. Integrin α6β4 has also been implicated in cell proliferation and migration and in carcinoma progression. The third and fourth fibronectin type III domains (FnIII-3,4) of integrin β4 mediate binding to the hemidesmosomal proteins BPAG1e and BPAG2, and participate in signalling. Here, it is demonstrated that X-ray crystallography, small-angle X-ray scattering and double electron-electron resonance (DEER) complement each other to solve the structure of the FnIII-3,4 region. The crystal structures of the individual FnIII-3 and FnIII-4 domains were solved and the relative arrangement of the FnIII domains was elucidated by combining DEER with site-directed spin labelling. Multiple structures of the interdomain linker were modelled by Monte Carlo methods complying with DEER constraints, and the final structures were selected against experimental scattering data. FnIII-3,4 has a compact and cambered flat structure with an evolutionary conserved surface that is likely to correspond to a protein-interaction site. Finally, this hybrid method is of general application for the study of other macromolecules and complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Alonso-García
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inés García-Rubio
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Academia General Militar, Carretera de Huesca s/n, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José A. Manso
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rubén M. Buey
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Hector Urien
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - José M. de Pereda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Chen L, Du-Cuny L, Moses S, Dumas S, Song Z, Rezaeian AH, Lin HK, Meuillet EJ, Zhang S. Novel inhibitors induce large conformational changes of GAB1 pleckstrin homology domain and kill breast cancer cells. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004021. [PMID: 25569504 PMCID: PMC4287437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Grb2-associated binding protein 1 (GAB1) integrates signals from different signaling pathways and is over-expressed in many cancers, therefore representing a new therapeutic target. In the present study, we aim to target the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of GAB1 for cancer treatment. Using homology models we derived, high-throughput virtual screening of five million compounds resulted in five hits which exhibited strong binding affinities to GAB1 PH domain. Our prediction of ligand binding affinities is also in agreement with the experimental KD values. Furthermore, molecular dynamics studies showed that GAB1 PH domain underwent large conformational changes upon ligand binding. Moreover, these hits inhibited the phosphorylation of GAB1 and demonstrated potent, tumor-specific cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 and T47D breast cancer cell lines. This effort represents the discovery of first-in-class GAB1 PH domain inhibitors with potential for targeted breast cancer therapy and provides novel insights into structure-based approaches to targeting this protein. In this paper, we described the identification and evaluation of a set of first-in-class potent inhibitors targeting a new cancer target, Grb2-associated binder-1 (GAB1), which integrates signals from different signaling pathways, and is frequently over-expressed in cancer cells. To achieve our goals, we have employed intensive computational modeling to understand the structure of the GAB1 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and screened five million compounds. Upon biological evaluation, we found that several inhibitors that induced large conformational changes of the target structure exhibited strong selective binding to GAB1 PH domain. Particularly, these inhibitors demonstrated potent and tumor-specific cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells. This represents a groundbreaking discovery in targeting GAB1 signaling which may be used for cancer therapy, especially for triple negative breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lei Du-Cuny
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sylvestor Moses
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences and Molecular and Cellular Biology, the University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Sabrina Dumas
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences and Molecular and Cellular Biology, the University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Zuohe Song
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences and Molecular and Cellular Biology, the University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Abdol Hossein Rezaeian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Emmanuelle J. Meuillet
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences and Molecular and Cellular Biology, the University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EJM); (SZ)
| | - Shuxing Zhang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EJM); (SZ)
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Wang H, Jin H, Beauvais DM, Rapraeger AC. Cytoplasmic domain interactions of syndecan-1 and syndecan-4 with α6β4 integrin mediate human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER1 and HER2)-dependent motility and survival. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:30318-30332. [PMID: 25202019 PMCID: PMC4215216 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.586438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells are highly dependent during wound healing and tumorigenesis on the α6β4 integrin and its association with receptor tyrosine kinases. Previous work showed that phosphorylation of the β4 subunit upon matrix engagement depends on the matrix receptor syndecan (Sdc)-1 engaging the cytoplasmic domain of the β4 integrin and coupling of the integrin to human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). In this study, HER2-dependent migration activated by matrix engagement is compared with migration stimulated by EGF. We find that whereas HER2-dependent migration depends on Sdc1, EGF-dependent migration depends on a complex consisting of human epidermal growth factor receptor-1 (HER1, commonly known as EGFR), α6β4, and Sdc4. The two syndecans recognize distinct sites at the extreme C terminus of the β4 integrin cytoplasmic domain. The binding motif in Sdc1 is QEEXYX, composed in part by its syndecan-specific variable (V) region and in part by the second conserved (C2) region that it shares with other syndecans. A cell-penetrating peptide containing this sequence competes for HER2-dependent epithelial migration and carcinoma survival, although it is without effect on the EGFR-stimulated mechanism. β4 mutants bearing mutations specific for Sdc1 and Sdc4 recognition act as dominant negative mutants to block cell spreading or cell migration that depends on HER2 or EGFR, respectively. The interaction of the α6β4 integrin with the syndecans appears critical for it to be utilized as a signaling platform; migration depends on α3β1 integrin binding to laminin 332 (LN332; also known as laminin 5), whereas antibodies that block α6β4 binding are without effect. These findings indicate that specific syndecan family members are likely to have key roles in α6β4 integrin activation by receptor tyrosine kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyao Wang
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Haining Jin
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - DeannaLee M Beauvais
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Alan C Rapraeger
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705; Carbone Cancer Center, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705.
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Niu G, Ye T, Qin L, Bourbon PM, Chang C, Zhao S, Li Y, Zhou L, Cui P, Rabinovitz I, Mercurio AM, Zhao D, Zeng H. Orphan nuclear receptor TR3/Nur77 improves wound healing by upregulating the expression of integrin β4. FASEB J 2014; 29:131-40. [PMID: 25326539 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-257550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue repair/wound healing, in which angiogenesis plays an important role, is a critical step in many diseases including chronic wound, myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer, and inflammation. Recently, we were the first to report that orphan nuclear receptor TR3/Nur77 is a critical mediator of angiogenesis and its associated microvessel permeability. Tumor growth and angiogenesis induced by VEGF-A, histamine, and serotonin are almost completely inhibited in Nur77 knockout mice. However, it is not known whether TR3/Nur77 plays any roles in wound healing. In these studies, skin wound-healing assay was performed in 3 types of genetically modified mice having various Nur77 activities. We found that ectopic induction of Nur77 in endothelial cells of mice is sufficient to improve skin wound healing. Although skin wound healing in Nur77 knockout mice is comparable to the wild-type control mice, the process is significantly delayed in the EC-Nur77-DN mice, in which a dominant negative Nur77 mutant is inducibly and specifically expressed in mouse endothelial cells. By a loss-of-function assay, we elucidate a novel feed-forward signaling pathway, integrin β4 → PI3K → Akt → FAK, by which TR3 mediates HUVEC migration. Furthermore, TR3/Nur77 regulates the expression of integrin β4 by targeting its promoter activity. In conclusion, expression of TR3/Nur77 improves wound healing by targeting integrin β4. TR3/Nur77 is a potential candidate for proangiogenic therapy. The results further suggest that TR3/Nur77 is required for pathologic angiogenesis but not for developmental/physiologic angiogenesis and that Nur77 and its family members play a redundant role in normal skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengming Niu
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Taiyang Ye
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Cheng Chang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shengqiang Zhao
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine and Department of Gastroenterology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji-nan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine and Department of Gastroenterology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji-nan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine and Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery and General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine and Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science & Technology (HUST), Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Issac Rabinovitz
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology
| | - Arthur M Mercurio
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dezheng Zhao
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Huiyan Zeng
- Center for Vascular Biology Research and Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine and
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Ursolic Acid-Regulated Energy Metabolism-Reliever or Propeller of Ultraviolet-Induced Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage? Proteomes 2014; 2:399-425. [PMID: 28250388 PMCID: PMC5302752 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes2030399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) light is a leading cause of diseases, such as skin cancers and cataracts. A main process mediating UV-induced pathogenesis is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS levels induce the formation of DNA adducts (e.g., pyrimidine dimers) and result in stalled DNA replication forks. In addition, ROS promotes phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase-coupled hormone receptors and alters downstream energy metabolism. With respect to the risk of UV-induced photocarcinogenesis and photodamage, the antitumoral and antioxidant functions of natural compounds become important for reducing UV-induced adverse effects. One important question in the field is what determines the differential sensitivity of various types of cells to UV light and how exogenous molecules, such as phytochemicals, protect normal cells from UV-inflicted damage while potentiating tumor cell death, presumably via interaction with intracellular target molecules and signaling pathways. Several endogenous molecules have emerged as possible players mediating UV-triggered DNA damage responses. Specifically, UV activates the PIKK (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase) family members, which include DNA-PKcs, ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), whose signaling can be affected by energy metabolism; however, it remains unclear to what extent the activation of hormone receptors regulates PIKKs and whether this crosstalk occurs in all types of cells in response to UV. This review focuses on proteomic descriptions of the relationships between cellular photosensitivity and the phenotypic expression of the insulin/insulin-like growth receptor. It covers the cAMP-dependent pathways, which have recently been shown to regulate the DNA repair machinery through interactions with the PIKK family members. Finally, this review provides a strategic illustration of how UV-induced mitogenic activity is modulated by the insulin sensitizer, ursolic acid (UA), which results in the metabolic adaptation of normal cells against UV-induced ROS, and the metabolic switch of tumor cells subject to UV-induced damage. The multifaceted natural compound, UA, specifically inhibits photo-oxidative DNA damage in retinal pigment epithelial cells while enhancing that in skin melanoma. Considering the UA-mediated differential effects on cell bioenergetics, this article reviews the disparities in glucose metabolism between tumor and normal cells, along with (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α)-dependent mitochondrial metabolism and redox (reduction-oxidation) control to demonstrate UA-induced synthetic lethality in tumor cells.
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Ge D, Kong X, Liu W, Zhao J, Su L, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhao B, Miao J. Phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of integrin β4 induced by a chemical small molecule contribute to apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells. Apoptosis 2014; 18:1120-31. [PMID: 23677256 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Integrin β4 and its Y-1494 phosphorylation play an important role in cell signaling. We found a small molecule, ethyl1-(3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate (ECPC), that could elevate the levels of KIT ligand (KITLG), interleukin 8 (IL-8), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and promote apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) through integrin β4. We investigated the underlying mechanism of integrin β4 participating in this process. ECPC treatment increased the phosphorylation of Y-1494 in the integrin β4 cytoplasmic domain via a well-known receptor tyrosine kinase, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), and integrin β4 translocated from the cytoplasm to nucleus. With suppression of Y-1494 phosphorylation by FGF-2 or siRNA of FGFR1, ECPC failed to promote integrin β4 nuclear translocation and could not increase the expression of KITLG, IL-8, PTGS2 or ATF3. Y-1494 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of integrin β4 may be important during ECPC-induced apoptosis in VECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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Guo YS, Zhao R, Ma J, Cui W, Sun Z, Gao B, He S, Han YH, Fan J, Yang L, Tang J, Luo ZJ. βig-h3 promotes human osteosarcoma cells metastasis by interacting with integrin α2β1 and activating PI3K signaling pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90220. [PMID: 24595049 PMCID: PMC3942417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most common primary bone tumor in children and young adolescents, is characterized by local invasion and distant metastasis. But the detailed mechanisms of osteosarcoma metastasis are not well known. In the present study, we found that βig-h3 promotes metastatic potential of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, βig-h3 co-localized with integrin α2β1 in osteosarcoma cells. But βig-h3 did not change integrin α2β1 expression in Saos-2 cells. Interaction of βig-h3 with integrin α2β1 mediates metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells. The second FAS1 domain of βig-h3 but not the first FAS1 domain, the third FAS1 domain or the fourth FAS1 domain mediates human osteosarcoma cells metastasis, which is the α2β1 integrin-interacting domain. We further demonstrated that PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is involved in βig-h3-induced human osteosarcoma cells metastasis process. Together, these results reveal βig-h3 enhances the metastasis potentials of human osteosarcoma cells via integrin α2β1-mediated PI3K/AKT signal pathways. The discovery of βig-h3-mediated pathway helps us to understand the mechanism of human osteosarcoma metastasis and provides evidence for the possibility that βig-h3 can be a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Shan Guo
- Department of Osteology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Cell Engineering Research Centre & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Osteology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Osteology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Osteology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shu He
- Department of Osteology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue-Hu Han
- Department of Osteology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Osteology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Osteology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- * E-mail: (LY); (JT); (ZJL)
| | - Juan Tang
- Cell Engineering Research Centre & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- * E-mail: (LY); (JT); (ZJL)
| | - Zhuo-Jing Luo
- Department of Osteology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- * E-mail: (LY); (JT); (ZJL)
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41
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Löffek S, Hurskainen T, Jackow J, Sigloch FC, Schilling O, Tasanen K, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Franzke CW. Transmembrane collagen XVII modulates integrin dependent keratinocyte migration via PI3K/Rac1 signaling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87263. [PMID: 24505282 PMCID: PMC3914815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The hemidesmosomal transmembrane component collagen XVII (ColXVII) plays an important role in the anchorage of the epidermis to the underlying basement membrane. However, this adhesion protein seems to be also involved in the regulation of keratinocyte migration, since its expression in these cells is strongly elevated during reepithelialization of acute wounds and in the invasive front of squamous cell carcinoma, while its absence in ColXVII-deficient keratinocytes leads to altered cell motility. Using a genetic model of murine Col17a1⁻/⁻ keratinocytes we elucidated ColXVII mediated signaling pathways in cell adhesion and migration. Col17a1⁻/⁻ keratinocytes exhibited increased spreading on laminin 332 and accelerated, but less directed cell motility. These effects were accompanied by increased expression of the integrin subunits β4 and β1. The migratory phenotype, as evidenced by formation of multiple unstable lamellipodia, was associated with enhanced phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity. Dissection of the signaling pathway uncovered enhanced phosphorylation of the β4 integrin subunit and the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as activators of PI3K. This resulted in elevated Rac1 activity as a downstream consequence. These results provide mechanistic evidence that ColXVII coordinates keratinocyte adhesion and directed motility by interfering integrin dependent PI3K activation and by stabilizing lamellipodia at the leading edge of reepithelializing wounds and in invasive squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Löffek
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tiina Hurskainen
- Department of Dermatology, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, and Clinical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Joanna Jackow
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Christoph Sigloch
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Bioss Centre for Biological Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kaisa Tasanen
- Department of Dermatology, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, and Clinical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Institute of Advanced Studies, School of Life Sciences – LifeNet, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claus-Werner Franzke
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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42
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Groulx JF, Giroux V, Beauséjour M, Boudjadi S, Basora N, Carrier JC, Beaulieu JF. Integrin α6A splice variant regulates proliferation and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in human colorectal cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1217-27. [PMID: 24403311 PMCID: PMC4043246 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin α6Aβ4 is up-regulated in colorectal cancers. Knockdown of α6A in adenocarcinoma cell lines revealed a sustained reduction of cell growth both in cellulo and in xenografts as well as a repression of a number of Wnt/β-catenin pathway end points. The integrin α6 subunit pre-messenger RNA undergoes alternative splicing to generate two different splice variants, named α6A and α6B, having distinct cytoplasmic domains. In the human colonic gland, these splice variants display different patterns of expression suggesting specific functions for each variant. We have previously found an up-regulation of the α6β4 integrin in colon adenocarcinomas as well as an increase in the α6A/α6B ratio, but little is known about the involvement of α6Aβ4 versus α6Bβ4 in this context. The aim of this study was to elucidate the function of the α6Aβ4 integrin in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Expression studies on a panel of primary CRCs confirmed that the up-regulation of the α6 subunit in CRC is a direct consequence of the increase of the α6A variant. To investigate the functional significance of an α6A up-regulation in CRC, we specifically knocked down its expression in well-established CRC cell lines using a small-hairpin RNA approach. Results showed a growth rate reduction in all α6A knockdown CRC cell lines studied. The α6A silencing was also found to be associated with a significant repression of a number of Wnt/β-catenin pathway end points. Moreover, it was accompanied by a reduction in the capacity of these cells to develop tumours in xenografts. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the α6A variant is a pro-proliferative form of the α6 integrin subunit in CRC cells and appears to mediate its effects through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Groulx
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Véronique Giroux
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Marco Beauséjour
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Salah Boudjadi
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nuria Basora
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Julie C Carrier
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-François Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
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43
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Thuma F, Ngora H, Zöller M. The metastasis-associated molecule C4.4A promotes tissue invasion and anchorage independence by associating with the alpha6beta4 integrin. Mol Oncol 2013; 7:917-28. [PMID: 23727360 PMCID: PMC5528461 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
C4.4A is a metastasis-associated molecule that functions appear to rely on associated alph6beta4 integrin. To corroborate the impact of the C4.4A-alpha6beta4 integrin association on metastasis formation, C4.4A was knocked-down in a highly metastatic rat pancreatic adenocarcinoma (ASML, ASML-C4.4Akd). Metastasis formation by ASML-C4.4Akd cells after intrafootpad application was strongly retarded in draining nodes and lung colonization was rare. Furthermore, cisplatin treatment significantly prolonged the survival time only of ASML-C4.4Akd-bearing rats. ASML-C4.4Akd cells display reduced migratory activity and impaired matrix protein degradation due to inefficient MMP14 activation; loss of drug-resistance is due to mitigated PI3K/Akt pathway activation. These losses of function rely on the laminin receptor C4.4A recruiting activated alpha6beta4 integrin into rafts, where C4.4A cooperates with alpha6beta4 and via alpha6beta4 with MMP14. Within this raft-located complex, MMP14 provokes focalized matrix degradation and mostly alpha6beta4 integrin promotes BAD phosphorylation and upregulated Bcl2 and BclXl expression. Thus, metastasis-promoting activities of C4.4A are not genuine characteristics of C4.4A. Instead, the raft-located laminin receptor C4.4A recruits alpha6beta4 integrin and supports via the alpha6beta4 integrin MMP14 activation. Thereby C4.4A acts as a linker to facilitate several steps in the metastatic cascade. Taking the restricted C4.4A expression in non-transformed tissue, this knowledge should pave the way toward the use of C4.4A as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Thuma
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Honoré Ngora
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Margot Zöller
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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44
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Zhou B, Gibson-Corley KN, Herndon ME, Sun Y, Gustafson-Wagner E, Teoh-Fitzgerald M, Domann FE, Henry MD, Stipp CS. Integrin α3β1 can function to promote spontaneous metastasis and lung colonization of invasive breast carcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2013; 12:143-154. [PMID: 24002891 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Significant evidence implicates α3β1 integrin in promoting breast cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis-associated cell behaviors in vitro and in vivo. However, the extent to which α3β1 is actually required for breast cancer metastasis remains to be determined. We used RNA interference to silence α3 integrin expression by approximately 70% in 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells, a model of aggressive, metastatic breast cancer. Loss of α3 integrin reduced adhesion, spreading, and proliferation on laminin isoforms, and modestly reduced the growth of orthotopically implanted cells. However, spontaneous metastasis to lung was strikingly curtailed. Experimental lung colonization after tail vein injection revealed a similar loss of metastatic capacity for the α3-silenced (α3si) cells, suggesting that critical, α3-dependent events at the metastatic site could account for much of α3β1's contribution to metastasis in this model. Reexpressing α3 in the α3si cells reversed the loss of metastatic capacity, and silencing another target, the small GTPase RhoC, had no effect, supporting the specificity of the effect of silencing α3. Parental, α3si, and α3-rescued cells, all secreted abundant laminin α5 (LAMA5), an α3β1 integrin ligand, suggesting that loss of α3 integrin might disrupt an autocrine loop that could function to sustain metastatic growth. Analysis of human breast cancer cases revealed reduced survival in cases where α3 integrin and LAMA5 are both overexpressed. IMPLICATIONS α3 integrin or downstream effectors may be potential therapeutic targets in disseminated breast cancers, especially when laminin α5 or other α3 integrin ligands are also over-expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA
| | | | - Mary E Herndon
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA
| | - Yihan Sun
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA
| | | | - Melissa Teoh-Fitzgerald
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA
| | - Frederick E Domann
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA.,Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA
| | - Michael D Henry
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA
| | - Christopher S Stipp
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242 USA
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45
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IRS1 is highly expressed in localized breast tumors and regulates the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to chemotherapy, while IRS2 is highly expressed in invasive breast tumors. Cancer Lett 2013; 338:239-48. [PMID: 23562473 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins have been shown to play an important role in breast cancer by differentially regulating cancer cell survival, proliferation, and motility. Furthermore, the IL-4-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the transcription factor STAT6 was shown to protect breast cancer cells from apoptosis. Here, we analyzed human breast cancer tissues for the expression of IRS1, IRS2, STAT6, and tyrosine phosphorylated STAT6 (pSTAT6). We found that IRS1 and pSTAT6 were both highly expressed in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). On the other hand, IRS2 expression was low in DCIS, but increased significantly in relation to tumor invasiveness. We utilized cell lines with disparate IRS1 expression, MDA-MB-231, MCF7, and MCF7 cells with depleted IRS1 due to shRNA lentiviral infection, to examine the role of IRS1 and IRS2 in the responsiveness of breast cancer cells to chemotherapy. We report that high IRS1 sensitized MCF7 cells to specific chemotherapeutic agents. These results suggest that high IRS1 with low IRS2 expression may predict the effectiveness of specific types of chemotherapy in breast cancer.
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Yang Y, Yee D. Targeting insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling in breast cancer. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2012; 17:251-61. [PMID: 23054135 PMCID: PMC3534944 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-012-9268-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin and insulin like growth factor (IGF) signaling systems are implicated in breast cancer biology. Thus, disrupting IGF/insulin signaling has been shown to have promise in a number of preclinical models. However, human clinical trials have been less promising. Despite evidence of some activity in early phase trials, randomized phase III studies have thus far been unable to show a benefit of blocking IGF signaling in combination with conventional strategies. In breast cancer, combination anti IGF/insulin signaling agents with hormone therapy has not yet proven to have benefit. This inability to translate the preclinical findings into useful clinical strategies calls attention to the need for a deeper understanding of this complex pathway. Development of predictive biomarkers and optimal inhibitory strategies of the IGF/insulin system should yield better clinical strategies. Furthermore, unraveling the interaction between the IGF/insulin pathway and other critical signaling pathways in breast cancer biology, namely estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathways, provides additional new concepts in designing combination therapies. In this review, we will briefly summarize the current strategies targeting the IGF/insulin system, discuss the possible reasons of success or failure of the existing therapies, and provide potential future directions for research and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Giles KM, Brown RAM, Epis MR, Kalinowski FC, Leedman PJ. miRNA-7-5p inhibits melanoma cell migration and invasion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012. [PMID: 23206698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs, has been implicated in the development and progression of melanoma. However, the precise mechanistic role of many of these miRNAs remains unclear. We have investigated the functional role of miR-7-5p in melanoma, and demonstrate that miR-7-5p expression is reduced in metastatic melanoma-derived cell lines compared with primary melanoma cells, and that when ectopically expressed miR-7-5p significantly inhibits melanoma cell migration and invasion. Additionally, we report that insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) is a target of miR-7-5p in melanoma cells, and using RNA interference (RNAi) we provide evidence that IRS-2 activates protein kinase B (Akt), and promotes melanoma cell migration. Thus, miR-7-5p may represent a novel tumor suppressor miRNA in melanoma, acting at least in part via its inhibition of IRS-2 expression and oncogenic Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith M Giles
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
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Ma Y, Kong Q, Hua H, Luo T, Jiang Y. Aflatoxin B1 up-regulates insulin receptor substrate 2 and stimulates hepatoma cell migration. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47961. [PMID: 23112878 PMCID: PMC3480444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a potent carcinogen that can induce hepatocellular carcinoma. AFB1-8,9-exo-epoxide, one of AFB1 metabolites, acts as a mutagen to react with DNA and induce gene mutations, including the tumor suppressor p53. In addition, AFB1 reportedly stimulates IGF receptor activation. Aberrant activation of IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling is tightly associated with various types of human tumors. In the current study, we investigated the effects of AFB1 on key elements in IGF-IR signaling pathway, and the effects of AFB1 on hepatoma cell migration. The results demonstrated that AFB1 induced IGF-IR, Akt, and Erk1/2 phosphorylation in hepatoma cell lines HepG2 and SMMC-7721, and an immortalized human liver cell line Chang liver. AFB1 also down-regulated insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 1 but paradoxically up-regulated IRS2 through preventing proteasomal degradation. Treatment of hepatoma cells and Chang liver cells with IGF-IR inhibitor abrogated AFB1-induced Akt and Erk1/2 phosphorylation. In addition, IRS2 knockdown suppressed AFB1-induced Akt and Erk1/2 phosphorylation. Finally, AFB1 stimulated hepatoma cell migration. IGF-IR inhibitor or IRS2 knockdown suppressed AFB1-induced hepatoma cell migration. These data demonstrate that AFB1 stimulates hepatoma cell migration through IGF-IR/IRS2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingbin Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail:
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Netrin-4 promotes glioblastoma cell proliferation through integrin β4 signaling. Neoplasia 2012; 14:219-27. [PMID: 22496621 DOI: 10.1593/neo.111396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Netrin-4 is a laminin-related secreted molecule originally found to have roles in neuronal axon migration. Recent studies have indicated that netrin-4 also participates in the development of nonneural tissues and modulates tumor cell proliferation and tumor metastasis. Here we have explored the functions and molecular mechanisms of netrin-4 in glioblastoma multiforme. The suppression of netrin-4 expression in glioblastoma cell lines significantly reduced cell proliferation and motility and increased serum deprivation-induced apoptosis. Using tandem affinity purification combined with protein identification by mass spectrometry, we found that integrin β(4) interacts with netrin-4 and that it mediates mitogenic effects as well as AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation induced by netrin-4. Interestingly, netrin-4 acted as an inhibitor of cell proliferation in integrin β(4)-silenced glioblastoma cells, and high concentrations of netrin-4 reduced cell proliferation. The negative effects of netrin-4 on proliferation were mediated by UNC5B. Analysis of more than 400 primary tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas repository revealed that the expression of netrin-4 is significantly downregulated in glioblastoma and that the reduced expression is linked to poor patient survival time. The expression of integrin β(4) is increased in glioblastoma, and it predicts poor patient survival time. Current results illustrate a novel mechanism for glioma progression, where glioma cells reduce netrin-4 expression to decrease its inhibitory effects. In parallel, the expression of integrin β(4) is upregulated to sensitize the cells to low concentrations of netrin-4 for maintaining cell proliferation.
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The insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) in intestinal epithelial differentiation and in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36190. [PMID: 22558377 PMCID: PMC3338610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with lifestyle factors that affect insulin/IGF signaling, of which the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) is a key transducer. We investigated expression, localization and pathologic correlations of IRS1 in cancer-uninvolved colonic epithelium, primary CRCs with paired liver metastases and in vitro polarizing Caco2 and HT29 cells. IRS1 mRNA and protein resulted higher, relative to paired mucosa, in adenomas of familial adenomatous polyposis patients and in CRCs that overexpressed c-MYC, ß-catenin, InsRß, and IGF1R. Analysis of IRS1 immunostaining in 24 cases of primary CRC with paired colonic epithelium and hepatic metastasis showed that staining intensity was significantly higher in metastases relative to both primary CRC (P<0.01) and colonic epithelium (P<0.01). Primary and metastatic CRCs, compared to colonic epithelium, contained significantly higher numbers of IRS1-positive cells (P = 0.013 and P = 0.014, respectively). Pathologic correlations in 163 primary CRCs revealed that diffuse IRS1 staining was associated with tumors combining differentiated phenotype and aggressive markers (high Ki67, p53, and ß-catenin). In Caco 2 IRS1 and InsR were maximally expressed after polarization, while IGF1R was highest in pre-polarized cells. No nuclear IRS1 was detected, while, with polarization, phosphorylated IRS1 (pIRS1) shifted from the lateral to the apical plasma membrane and was expressed in surface cells only. In HT29, that carry mutations constitutively activating survival signaling, IRS1 and IGF1R decreased with polarization, while pIRS1 localized in nuclear spots throughout the course. Overall, these data provide evidence that IRS1 is modulated according to CRC differentiation, and support a role of IRS1 in CRC progression and liver metastatization.
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