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Novelli F, Yoshikawa Y, Vitto VAM, Modesti L, Minaai M, Pastorino S, Emi M, Kim JH, Kricek F, Bai F, Onuchic JN, Bononi A, Suarez JS, Tanji M, Favaron C, Zolondick AA, Xu R, Takanishi Y, Wang Z, Sakamoto G, Gaudino G, Grzymski J, Grosso F, Schrump DS, Pass HI, Atanesyan L, Smout J, Savola S, Sarin KY, Abolhassani H, Hammarström L, Pan-Hammarström Q, Giorgi C, Pinton P, Yang H, Carbone M. Germline BARD1 variants predispose to mesothelioma by impairing DNA repair and calcium signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2405231121. [PMID: 38990952 PMCID: PMC11260134 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2405231121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We report that ~1.8% of all mesothelioma patients and 4.9% of those younger than 55, carry rare germline variants of the BRCA1 associated RING domain 1 (BARD1) gene that were predicted to be damaging by computational analyses. We conducted functional assays, essential for accurate interpretation of missense variants, in primary fibroblasts that we established in tissue culture from a patient carrying the heterozygous BARD1V523A mutation. We found that these cells had genomic instability, reduced DNA repair, and impaired apoptosis. Investigating the underlying signaling pathways, we found that BARD1 forms a trimeric protein complex with p53 and SERCA2 that regulates calcium signaling and apoptosis. We validated these findings in BARD1-silenced primary human mesothelial cells exposed to asbestos. Our study elucidated mechanisms of BARD1 activity and revealed that heterozygous germline BARD1 mutations favor the development of mesothelioma and increase the susceptibility to asbestos carcinogenesis. These mesotheliomas are significantly less aggressive compared to mesotheliomas in asbestos workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Novelli
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Yoshie Yoshikawa
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo663-8501, Japan
| | - Veronica Angela Maria Vitto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara44121, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Modesti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara44121, Italy
| | - Michael Minaai
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Sandra Pastorino
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Mitsuru Emi
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Franz Kricek
- NBS-C Bioscience & Consulting GmbH, Vienna1230, Austria
| | - Fang Bai
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - José N. Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Angela Bononi
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Joelle S. Suarez
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Mika Tanji
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Cristina Favaron
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Alicia A. Zolondick
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI96822
| | - Ronghui Xu
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Yasutaka Takanishi
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Zhanwei Wang
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Greg Sakamoto
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Giovanni Gaudino
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | | | - Federica Grosso
- Mesothelioma Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santo Antonio and Santo Biagio (SS) Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria15121, Italy
| | - David S. Schrump
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD20892-1201
| | - Harvey I. Pass
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University, New York, NY10016
| | - Lilit Atanesyan
- Department of Oncogenetics, MRC Holland, Amsterdam 1057, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Smout
- Department of Oncogenetics, MRC Holland, Amsterdam 1057, the Netherlands
| | - Suvi Savola
- Department of Oncogenetics, MRC Holland, Amsterdam 1057, the Netherlands
| | - Kavita Y. Sarin
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Immunology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm17165, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Immunology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm17165, Sweden
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Division of Immunology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm17165, Sweden
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara44121, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara44121, Italy
| | - Haining Yang
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
| | - Michele Carbone
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96816
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Han FY, Wu RX, Miao BB, Niu SF, Wang QH, Liang ZB. Whole-Genome Sequencing Analyses Reveal the Whip-like Tail Formation, Innate Immune Evolution, and DNA Repair Mechanisms of Eupleurogrammus muticus. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:434. [PMID: 38338077 PMCID: PMC10854985 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Smallhead hairtail (Eupleurogrammus muticus) is an important marine economic fish distributed along the northern Indian Ocean and the northwest Pacific coast; however, little is known about the mechanism of its genetic evolution. This study generated the first genome assembly of E. muticus at the chromosomal level using a combination of PacBio SMRT, Illumina Nova-Seq, and Hi-C technologies. The final assembled genome size was 709.27 Mb, with a contig N50 of 25.07 Mb, GC content of 40.81%, heterozygosity rate of 1.18%, and repetitive sequence rate of 35.43%. E. muticus genome contained 21,949 protein-coding genes (97.92% of the genes were functionally annotated) and 24 chromosomes. There were 143 expansion gene families, 708 contraction gene families, and 4888 positively selected genes in the genome. Based on the comparative genomic analyses, we screened several candidate genes and pathways related to whip-like tail formation, innate immunity, and DNA repair in E. muticus. These findings preliminarily reveal some molecular evolutionary mechanisms of E. muticus at the genomic level and provide important reference genomic data for the genetic studies of other trichiurids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yuan Han
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (F.-Y.H.); (S.-F.N.); (Z.-B.L.)
| | - Ren-Xie Wu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (F.-Y.H.); (S.-F.N.); (Z.-B.L.)
| | - Ben-Ben Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
| | - Su-Fang Niu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (F.-Y.H.); (S.-F.N.); (Z.-B.L.)
| | - Qing-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| | - Zhen-Bang Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (F.-Y.H.); (S.-F.N.); (Z.-B.L.)
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Zhao S, Wang Q, Ni K, Zhang P, Liu Y, Xie J, Ji W, Cheng C, Zhou Q. Combining single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing to identify exosome-related features of glioblastoma and constructing a prognostic model to identify BARD1 as a potential therapeutic target for GBM patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1263329. [PMID: 37727789 PMCID: PMC10505933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1263329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor. This study focused on exploring the exosome-related features of glioblastoma to better understand its cellular composition and molecular characteristics. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptome RNA sequencing (stRNA-seq) were used to analyze the heterogeneity of glioblastomas. After data integration, cell clustering, and annotation, five algorithms were used to calculate scores for exosome-related genes(ERGs). Cell trajectory analysis and intercellular communication analysis were performed to explore exosome-related communication patterns. Spatial transcriptome sequencing data were analyzed to validate the findings. To further utilize exosome-related features to aid in clinical decision-making, a prognostic model was constructed using GBM's bulk RNA-seq. Results Different cell subpopulations were observed in GBM, with Monocytes/macrophages and malignant cells in tumor samples showing higher exosome-related scores. After identifying differentially expressed ERGs in malignant cells, pseudotime analysis revealed the cellular status of malignant cells during development. Intercellular communication analysis highlighted signaling pathways and ligand-receptor interactions. Spatial transcriptome sequencing confirmed the high expression of exosome-related gene features in the tumor core region. A prognostic model based on six ERGs was shown to be predictive of overall survival and immunotherapy outcome in GBM patients. Finally, based on the results of scRNA-seq and prognostic modeling as well as a series of cell function experiments, BARD1 was identified as a novel target for the treatment of GBM. Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the exosome-related features of GBM in both scRNA-seq and stRNA-seq, with malignant cells with higher exosome-related scores exhibiting stronger communication with Monocytes/macrophages. In terms of spatial data, highly scored malignant cells were also concentrated in the tumor core region. In bulk RNA-seq, patients with a high exosome-related index exhibited an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which was accompanied by a worse prognosis as well as immunotherapy outcomes. Prognostic models constructed using ERGs are expected to be independent prognostic indicators for GBM patients, with potential implications for personalized treatment strategies for GBM. Knockdown of BARD1 in GBM cell lines reduces the invasive and value-added capacity of tumor cells, and thus BARD1-positively expressing malignant cells are a risk factor for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kaixiang Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiaheng Xie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
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Albarakati N, Al-Ghamdi H, Al-Sowayan B, Alshareeda A. Homologous recombination mRNAs (RAD21, RAD50 and BARD1) have a potentially poor prognostic role in ERBB2-low bladder cancer patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11738. [PMID: 37474724 PMCID: PMC10359419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38923-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/ERBB2) factor is known to be implicated in many malignancies and the potential of it as a prognostic biomarker was reported years ago. Molecular subtypes of HER2/ERBB2 negative and positive with distinct clinical outcomes have been identified in recent years; however, it is still under investigation for bladder cancer. This study evaluates the biological and prognostic significance of RAD21, RAD50 and BARD1 (homologous recombination biomarkers) mRNA levels with ERBB2 low and high expression to explore their impact on bladder cancer patient survival and cancer aggressiveness. The expression of ERBB2, RAD21, RAD50 and BARD1 mRNA levels was assessed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) bladder cancer dataset along with four validation cohorts. Outcome analysis was evaluated using disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between RAD21, RAD50, BARD1 and ERBB2 expression and clinicopathological variables. A significant increase in mRNA expression levels of RAD21, RAD50 and BARD1 was noticed in ERBB2-low patients compared to ERBB2-high patients. This overexpression of the homologous recombination repair transcripts was associated with poor outcome in ERBB2-low tumors, not in ERBB2-high tumors. Furthermore, the combined expression of high RAD21/RAD50, high RAD21/BARD1 or high RAD50/BARD1 were significantly associated with worse DFS and a better outcome for those with low co-expression in the ERBB2-low cohort. High expression of either RAD21/RAD50 or RAD21/BARD1 in ERBB2-low cohort associated with higher chance of metastasis. In addition, gene expression of BARD1 alone or in combination with RAD50 acted as an independent prognostic factor for worst survival. The data presented in this study reveal a connection between RAD21, RAD50, BARD1 and ERBB2 and patient survival. Importantly, it provided novel findings and potential prognostic markers, particularly in ERBB2-low bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Albarakati
- Department of Blood and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hanin Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Blood and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Batla Al-Sowayan
- Department of Blood and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Alshareeda
- Department of Blood and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Wu RX, Miao BB, Han FY, Niu SF, Liang YS, Liang ZB, Wang QH. Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly Provides Insights into the Evolution of the Special Morphology and Behaviour of Lepturacanthus savala. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1268. [PMID: 37372448 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Savalani hairtail Lepturacanthus savala is a widely distributed fish along the Indo-Western Pacific coast, and contributes substantially to trichiurid fishery resources worldwide. In this study, the first chromosome-level genome assembly of L. savala was obtained by PacBio SMRT-Seq, Illumina HiSeq, and Hi-C technologies. The final assembled L. savala genome was 790.02 Mb with contig N50 and scaffold N50 values of 19.01 Mb and 32.77 Mb, respectively. The assembled sequences were anchored to 24 chromosomes by using Hi-C data. Combined with RNA sequencing data, 23,625 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 96.0% were successfully annotated. In total, 67 gene family expansions and 93 gene family contractions were detected in the L. savala genome. Additionally, 1825 positively selected genes were identified. Based on a comparative genomic analysis, we screened a number of candidate genes associated with the specific morphology, behaviour-related immune system, and DNA repair mechanisms in L. savala. Our results preliminarily revealed mechanisms underlying the special morphological and behavioural characteristics of L. savala from a genomic perspective. Furthermore, this study provides valuable reference data for subsequent molecular ecology studies of L. savala and whole-genome analyses of other trichiurid fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Xie Wu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ben-Ben Miao
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Han
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Su-Fang Niu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yan-Shan Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhen-Bang Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Qing-Hua Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Carraro C, Bonaguro L, Schulte-Schrepping J, Horne A, Oestreich M, Warnat-Herresthal S, Helbing T, De Franco M, Haendler K, Mukherjee S, Ulas T, Gandin V, Goettlich R, Aschenbrenner AC, Schultze JL, Gatto B. Decoding mechanism of action and sensitivity to drug candidates from integrated transcriptome and chromatin state. eLife 2022; 11:e78012. [PMID: 36043458 PMCID: PMC9433094 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Omics-based technologies are driving major advances in precision medicine, but efforts are still required to consolidate their use in drug discovery. In this work, we exemplify the use of multi-omics to support the development of 3-chloropiperidines, a new class of candidate anticancer agents. Combined analyses of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility elucidated the mechanisms underlying sensitivity to test agents. Furthermore, we implemented a new versatile strategy for the integration of RNA- and ATAC-seq (Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin) data, able to accelerate and extend the standalone analyses of distinct omic layers. This platform guided the construction of a perturbation-informed basal signature predicting cancer cell lines' sensitivity and to further direct compound development against specific tumor types. Overall, this approach offers a scalable pipeline to support the early phases of drug discovery, understanding of mechanisms, and potentially inform the positioning of therapeutics in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Carraro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Lorenzo Bonaguro
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Jonas Schulte-Schrepping
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Arik Horne
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Marie Oestreich
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
| | - Stefanie Warnat-Herresthal
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Tim Helbing
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Michele De Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Kristian Haendler
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
- PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V. and University of BonnBonnGermany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | - Sach Mukherjee
- Statistics and Machine Learning, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of BonnBonnGermany
- PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V. and University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Richard Goettlich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Anna C Aschenbrenner
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of BonnBonnGermany
- PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V. and University of BonnBonnGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V.BonnGermany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of BonnBonnGermany
- PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V. and University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Barbara Gatto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of PadovaPadovaItaly
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7
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Hawsawi YM, Shams A, Theyab A, Abdali WA, Hussien NA, Alatwi HE, Alzahrani OR, Oyouni AAA, Babalghith AO, Alreshidi M. BARD1 mystery: tumor suppressors are cancer susceptibility genes. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:599. [PMID: 35650591 PMCID: PMC9161512 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The full-length BRCA1-associated RING domain 1 (BARD1) gene encodes a 777-aa protein. BARD1 displays a dual role in cancer development and progression as it acts as a tumor suppressor and an oncogene. Structurally, BARD1 has homologous domains to BRCA1 that aid their heterodimer interaction to inhibit the progression of different cancers such as breast and ovarian cancers following the BRCA1-dependant pathway. In addition, BARD1 was shown to be involved in other pathways that are involved in tumor suppression (BRCA1-independent pathway) such as the TP53-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway. However, there are abundant BARD1 isoforms exist that are different from the full-length BARD1 due to nonsense and frameshift mutations, or deletions were found to be associated with susceptibility to various cancers including neuroblastoma, lung, breast, and cervical cancers. This article reviews the spectrum of BARD1 full-length genes and its different isoforms and their anticipated associated risk. Additionally, the study also highlights the role of BARD1 as an oncogene in breast cancer patients and its potential uses as a prognostic/diagnostic biomarker and as a therapeutic target for cancer susceptibility testing and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef M Hawsawi
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center- Research Center, KFSH&RC, MBC-J04, P.O. Box 40047, Jeddah, 21499, Saudi Arabia. .,College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Anwar Shams
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Theyab
- College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Mecca, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wed A Abdali
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center- Research Center, KFSH&RC, MBC-J04, P.O. Box 40047, Jeddah, 21499, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed A Hussien
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.,Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan E Alatwi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman R Alzahrani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad O Babalghith
- Medical genetics Department, College of Medicine, Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa Alreshidi
- Departement of biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostic and Personalized Therapeutic Unit, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Expression of DNA-damage response and repair genes after exposure to DNA-damaging agents in isogenic head and neck cells with altered radiosensitivity. Radiol Oncol 2022; 56:173-184. [PMID: 35390246 PMCID: PMC9122295 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2022-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased radioresistance due to previous irradiation or radiosensitivity due to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection can be observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The DNA-damage response of cells after exposure to DNA-damaging agents plays a crucial role in determining the fate of exposed cells. Tightly regulated and interconnected signaling networks are activated to detect, signal the presence of and repair the DNA damage. Novel therapies targeting the DNA-damage response are emerging; however, an improved understanding of the complex signaling networks involved in tumor radioresistance and radiosensitivity is needed. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we exposed isogenic human HNSCC cell lines with altered radiosensitivity to DNA-damaging agents: radiation, cisplatin and bleomycin. We investigated transcriptional alterations in the DNA-damage response by using a pathway-focused panel and reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. RESULTS In general, the isogenic cell lines with altered radiosensitivity significantly differed from one another in the expression of genes involved in the DNA-damage response. The radiosensitive (HPV-positive) cells showed overall decreases in the expression levels of the studied genes. In parental cells, upregulation of DNA-damage signaling and repair genes was observed following exposure to DNA-damaging agents, especially radiation. In contrast, radioresistant cells exhibited a distinct pattern of gene downregulation after exposure to cisplatin, whereas the levels in parental cells were unchanged. Exposure of radioresistant cells to bleomycin did not significantly affect the expression of DNA-damage signaling and repair genes. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis identified several possible targets: NBN, XRCC3, ATR, GADD45A and XPA. These putative targets should be studied and potentially exploited for sensibilization to ionizing radiation and/or cisplatin in HNSCC. The use of predesigned panels of DNA-damage signaling and repair genes proved to offer a convenient and quick approach to identify possible therapeutic targets.
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9
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Park JW, Park JE, Kim SR, Sim MK, Kang CM, Kim KS. Metformin alleviates ionizing radiation-induced senescence by restoring BARD1-mediated DNA repair in human aortic endothelial cells. Exp Gerontol 2022; 160:111706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Zhu Q, Huang J, Huang H, Li H, Yi P, Kloeber JA, Yuan J, Chen Y, Deng M, Luo K, Gao M, Guo G, Tu X, Yin P, Zhang Y, Su J, Chen J, Lou Z. RNF19A-mediated ubiquitination of BARD1 prevents BRCA1/BARD1-dependent homologous recombination. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6653. [PMID: 34789768 PMCID: PMC8599684 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimers act in multiple steps during homologous recombination (HR) to ensure the prompt repair of DNA double strand breaks. Dysfunction of the BRCA1 pathway enhances the therapeutic efficiency of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) in cancers, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this sensitization to PARPi are not fully understood. Here, we show that cancer cell sensitivity to PARPi is promoted by the ring between ring fingers (RBR) protein RNF19A. We demonstrate that RNF19A suppresses HR by ubiquitinating BARD1, which leads to dissociation of BRCA1-BARD1 complex and exposure of a nuclear export sequence in BARD1 that is otherwise masked by BRCA1, resulting in the export of BARD1 to the cytoplasm. We provide evidence that high RNF19A expression in breast cancer compromises HR and increases sensitivity to PARPi. We propose that RNF19A modulates the cancer cell response to PARPi by negatively regulating the BRCA1-BARD1 complex and inhibiting HR-mediated DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jinzhou Huang
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Hongyang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Peiqiang Yi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jake A Kloeber
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jian Yuan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Min Deng
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Kuntian Luo
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Guijie Guo
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Xinyi Tu
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jun Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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11
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Panigrahi R, Glover JNM. Structural insights into DNA double-strand break signaling. Biochem J 2021; 478:135-156. [PMID: 33439989 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genomic integrity is most threatened by double-strand breaks, which, if left unrepaired, lead to carcinogenesis or cell death. The cell generates a network of protein-protein signaling interactions that emanate from the DNA damage which are now recognized as a rich basis for anti-cancer therapy development. Deciphering the structures of signaling proteins has been an uphill task owing to their large size and complex domain organization. Recent advances in mammalian protein expression/purification and cryo-EM-based structure determination have led to significant progress in our understanding of these large multidomain proteins. This review is an overview of the structural principles that underlie some of the key signaling proteins that function at the double-strand break site. We also discuss some plausible ideas that could be considered for future structural approaches to visualize and build a more complete understanding of protein dynamics at the break site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Panigrahi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - J N Mark Glover
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
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12
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Regulation of Histone Ubiquitination in Response to DNA Double Strand Breaks. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071699. [PMID: 32708614 PMCID: PMC7407225 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells are constantly exposed to both endogenous and exogenous stressors that promote the induction of DNA damage. Of this damage, double strand breaks (DSBs) are the most lethal and must be efficiently repaired in order to maintain genomic integrity. Repair of DSBs occurs primarily through one of two major pathways: non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR). The choice between these pathways is in part regulated by histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) including ubiquitination. Ubiquitinated histones not only influence transcription and chromatin architecture at sites neighboring DSBs but serve as critical recruitment platforms for repair machinery as well. The reversal of these modifications by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) is increasingly being recognized in a number of cellular processes including DSB repair. In this context, DUBs ensure proper levels of ubiquitin, regulate recruitment of downstream effectors, dictate repair pathway choice, and facilitate appropriate termination of the repair response. This review outlines the current understanding of histone ubiquitination in response to DSBs, followed by a comprehensive overview of the DUBs that catalyze the removal of these marks.
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13
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Cimmino F, Avitabile M, Lasorsa VA, Pezone L, Cardinale A, Montella A, Cantalupo S, Iolascon A, Capasso M. Functional characterization of full-length BARD1 strengthens its role as a tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:1495-1504. [PMID: 32047556 PMCID: PMC6995383 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BARD1 is associated with the development of high-risk neuroblastoma patients. Particularly, the expression of full length (FL) isoform, FL BARD1, correlates to high-risk neuroblastoma development and its inhibition is sufficient to induce neuroblastoma cells towards a worst phenotype. Here we have investigated the mechanisms of FL BARD1 in neuroblastoma cell lines depleted for FL BARD1 expression. We have shown that FL BARD1 expression protects the cells from spontaneous DNA damage and from damage accumulated after irradiation. We demonstrated a role for FL BARD1 as tumor suppressor to prevent unscheduled mitotic entry of DNA damaged cells and to lead to death cells that have bypassed cell cycle checkpoints. FL BARD1-depleted cells that have survived to checkpoints acquire features of aggressiveness. Overall, our results show that FL BARD1 may defend cells against cancer and prevent malignant transformation of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Cimmino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Avitabile
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Lasorsa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Pezone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Cardinale
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Achille Iolascon
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
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14
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Elman JS, Ni TK, Mengwasser KE, Jin D, Wronski A, Elledge SJ, Kuperwasser C. Identification of FUBP1 as a Long Tail Cancer Driver and Widespread Regulator of Tumor Suppressor and Oncogene Alternative Splicing. Cell Rep 2019; 28:3435-3449.e5. [PMID: 31553912 PMCID: PMC7297508 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive sequencing approaches have allowed for the identification of the most frequent contributors to cancer, known as drivers. They have also revealed a class of mutations in understudied, infrequently altered genes, referred to as "long tail" (LT) drivers. A key challenge has been to find clinically relevant LT drivers and to understand how they cooperate to drive disease. Here, we identified far upstream binding protein 1 (FUBP1) as an LT driver using an in vivo CRISPR screen. FUBP1 cooperates with other tumor suppressor genes to transform mammary epithelial cells by disrupting cellular differentiation and tissue architecture. Mechanistically, FUBP1 participates in regulating N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation, and its loss leads to global changes in RNA splicing and widespread expression of aberrant driver isoforms. These findings suggest that somatic alteration of a single gene involved in RNA splicing and m6A methylation can produce the necessary panoply of contributors for neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Elman
- Department of Developmental, Chemical and Molecular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Raymond & Beverly Sackler Convergence Laboratory, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Thomas K Ni
- Department of Developmental, Chemical and Molecular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Raymond & Beverly Sackler Convergence Laboratory, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Kristen E Mengwasser
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dexter Jin
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ania Wronski
- Department of Developmental, Chemical and Molecular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Raymond & Beverly Sackler Convergence Laboratory, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Genetics, Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Charlotte Kuperwasser
- Department of Developmental, Chemical and Molecular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Raymond & Beverly Sackler Convergence Laboratory, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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15
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Nambiar TS, Billon P, Diedenhofen G, Hayward SB, Taglialatela A, Cai K, Huang JW, Leuzzi G, Cuella-Martin R, Palacios A, Gupta A, Egli D, Ciccia A. Stimulation of CRISPR-mediated homology-directed repair by an engineered RAD18 variant. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3395. [PMID: 31363085 PMCID: PMC6667477 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise editing of genomic DNA can be achieved upon repair of CRISPR-induced DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) by homology-directed repair (HDR). However, the efficiency of this process is limited by DSB repair pathways competing with HDR, such as non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Here we individually express in human cells 204 open reading frames involved in the DNA damage response (DDR) and determine their impact on CRISPR-mediated HDR. From these studies, we identify RAD18 as a stimulator of CRISPR-mediated HDR. By defining the RAD18 domains required to promote HDR, we derive an enhanced RAD18 variant (e18) that stimulates CRISPR-mediated HDR in multiple human cell types, including embryonic stem cells. Mechanistically, e18 induces HDR by suppressing the localization of the NHEJ-promoting factor 53BP1 to DSBs. Altogether, this study identifies e18 as an enhancer of CRISPR-mediated HDR and highlights the promise of engineering DDR factors to augment the efficiency of precision genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun S Nambiar
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Pierre Billon
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Giacomo Diedenhofen
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Samuel B Hayward
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Angelo Taglialatela
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kunheng Cai
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jen-Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Giuseppe Leuzzi
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Raquel Cuella-Martin
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Andrew Palacios
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Anuj Gupta
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Dieter Egli
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Alberto Ciccia
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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16
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Label propagation defines signaling networks associated with recurrently mutated cancer genes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9401. [PMID: 31253832 PMCID: PMC6599034 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Human tumors have distinct profiles of genomic alterations, and each of these alterations has the potential to cause unique changes to cellular homeostasis. Detailed analyses of these changes could reveal downstream effects of genomic alterations, contributing to our understanding of their roles in tumor development and progression. Across a range of tumor types, including bladder, lung, and endometrial carcinoma, we determined genes that are frequently altered in The Cancer Genome Atlas patient populations, then examined the effects of these alterations on signaling and regulatory pathways. To achieve this, we used a label propagation-based methodology to generate networks from gene expression signatures associated with defined mutations. Individual networks offered a large-scale view of signaling changes represented by gene signatures, which in turn reflected the scope of molecular events that are perturbed in the presence of a given genomic alteration. Comparing different networks to one another revealed common biological pathways impacted by distinct genomic alterations, highlighting the concept that tumors can dysregulate key pathways through multiple, seemingly unrelated mechanisms. Finally, altered genes inducing common changes to the signaling network were used to search for genomic markers of drug response, connecting shared perturbations to differential drug sensitivity.
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17
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Lima ZS, Ghadamzadeh M, Arashloo FT, Amjad G, Ebadi MR, Younesi L. Recent advances of therapeutic targets based on the molecular signature in breast cancer: genetic mutations and implications for current treatment paradigms. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:38. [PMID: 30975222 PMCID: PMC6460547 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women all over the world. Genetic background of women contributes to her risk of having breast cancer. Certain inherited DNA mutations can dramatically increase the risk of developing certain cancers and are responsible for many of the cancers that run in some families. Regarding the widespread multigene panels, whole exome sequencing is capable of providing the evaluation of genetic function mutations for development novel strategy in clinical trials. Targeting the mutant proteins involved in breast cancer can be an effective therapeutic approach for developing novel drugs. This systematic review discusses gene mutations linked to breast cancer, focusing on signaling pathways that are being targeted with investigational therapeutic strategies, where clinical trials could be potentially initiated in the future are being highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Safarpour Lima
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghadamzadeh
- Departement of Radiology, Hasheminejad Kidney Centre (HKC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ghazaleh Amjad
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ebadi
- Shohadaye Haft-e-tir Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Younesi
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
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18
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Nakamura K, Saredi G, Becker JR, Foster BM, Nguyen NV, Beyer TE, Cesa LC, Faull PA, Lukauskas S, Frimurer T, Chapman JR, Bartke T, Groth A. H4K20me0 recognition by BRCA1-BARD1 directs homologous recombination to sister chromatids. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:311-318. [PMID: 30804502 PMCID: PMC6420097 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genotoxic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) can be repaired by error-free homologous recombination (HR) or mutagenic non-homologous end-joining1. HR supresses tumorigenesis1, but is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle when a sister chromatid is present2. Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1) promotes HR by antagonizing the anti-resection factor TP53-binding protein 1(53BP1) (refs. 2-5), but it remains unknown how BRCA1 function is limited to the S and G2 phases. We show that BRCA1 recruitment requires recognition of histone H4 unmethylated at lysine 20 (H4K20me0), linking DSB repair pathway choice directly to sister chromatid availability. We identify the ankyrin repeat domain of BRCA1-associated RING domain protein 1 (BARD1)-the obligate BRCA1 binding partner3-as a reader of H4K20me0 present on new histones in post-replicative chromatin6. BARD1 ankyrin repeat domain mutations disabling H4K20me0 recognition abrogate accumulation of BRCA1 at DSBs, causing aberrant build-up of 53BP1, and allowing anti-resection activity to prevail in S and G2. Consequently, BARD1 recognition of H4K20me0 is required for HR and resistance to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. Collectively, this reveals that BRCA1-BARD1 monitors the replicative state of the genome to oppose 53BP1 function, routing only DSBs within sister chromatids to HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Nakamura
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giulia Saredi
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Benjamin M Foster
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nhuong V Nguyen
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tracey E Beyer
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laura C Cesa
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter A Faull
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Saulius Lukauskas
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Frimurer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Till Bartke
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Anja Groth
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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19
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Datta A, Brosh RM. Holding All the Cards-How Fanconi Anemia Proteins Deal with Replication Stress and Preserve Genomic Stability. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020170. [PMID: 30813363 PMCID: PMC6409899 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a hereditary chromosomal instability disorder often displaying congenital abnormalities and characterized by a predisposition to progressive bone marrow failure (BMF) and cancer. Over the last 25 years since the discovery of the first linkage of genetic mutations to FA, its molecular genetic landscape has expanded tremendously as it became apparent that FA is a disease characterized by a defect in a specific DNA repair pathway responsible for the correction of covalent cross-links between the two complementary strands of the DNA double helix. This pathway has become increasingly complex, with the discovery of now over 20 FA-linked genes implicated in interstrand cross-link (ICL) repair. Moreover, gene products known to be involved in double-strand break (DSB) repair, mismatch repair (MMR), and nucleotide excision repair (NER) play roles in the ICL response and repair of associated DNA damage. While ICL repair is predominantly coupled with DNA replication, it also can occur in non-replicating cells. DNA damage accumulation and hematopoietic stem cell failure are thought to contribute to the increased inflammation and oxidative stress prevalent in FA. Adding to its confounding nature, certain FA gene products are also engaged in the response to replication stress, caused endogenously or by agents other than ICL-inducing drugs. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic aspects of the FA pathway and the molecular defects leading to elevated replication stress believed to underlie the cellular phenotypes and clinical features of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Datta
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Robert M Brosh
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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20
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Ebili HO, Iyawe VO, Adeleke KR, Salami BA, Banjo AA, Nolan C, Rakha E, Ellis I, Green A, Agboola AOJ. Checkpoint Kinase 1 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Nigerian Breast Cancer Patients. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 22:79-90. [PMID: 29075961 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-017-0302-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1), a DNA damage sensor and cell death pathway stimulator, is regarded as an oncogene in tumours, where its activities are considered essential for tumourigenesis and the survival of cancer cells treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In breast cancer, CHEK1 expression has been associated with an aggressive tumour phenotype, the triple-negative breast cancer subtype, an aberrant response to tamoxifen, and poor prognosis. However, the relevance of CHEK1 expression has, hitherto, not been investigated in an indigenous African population. We therefore aimed to investigate the clinicopathological, biological, and prognostic significance of CHEK1 expression in a cohort of Nigerian breast cancer cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tissue microarrays of 207 Nigerian breast cancer cases were tested for CHEK1 expression using immunohistochemistry. The clinicopathological, molecular, and prognostic characteristics of CHEK1-positive tumours were determined using the Chi-squared test and Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses in SPSS Version 16. RESULTS Nuclear expression of CHEK1 was present in 61% of breast tumours and was associated with tumour size, triple-negative cancer, basal-like phenotype, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, p53 over-expression, DNA homologous repair pathway dysfunction, and poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The rate expression of CHEK1 is high in Nigerian breast cancer cases and is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Okuchukwu Ebili
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | - Victoria O Iyawe
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Kikelomo Rachel Adeleke
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Adekunbiola Aina Banjo
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Chris Nolan
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad Rakha
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian Ellis
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew Green
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ayodeji Olayinka Johnson Agboola
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Hospital Road, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
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21
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Billing D, Horiguchi M, Wu-Baer F, Taglialatela A, Leuzzi G, Nanez SA, Jiang W, Zha S, Szabolcs M, Lin CS, Ciccia A, Baer R. The BRCT Domains of the BRCA1 and BARD1 Tumor Suppressors Differentially Regulate Homology-Directed Repair and Stalled Fork Protection. Mol Cell 2018; 72:127-139.e8. [PMID: 30244837 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The BRCA1 tumor suppressor preserves genome integrity through both homology-directed repair (HDR) and stalled fork protection (SFP). In vivo, BRCA1 exists as a heterodimer with the BARD1 tumor suppressor, and both proteins harbor a phosphate-binding BRCT domain. Here, we compare mice with mutations that ablate BRCT phospho-recognition by Bard1 (Bard1S563F and Bard1K607A) or Brca1 (Brca1S1598F). Brca1S1598F abrogates both HDR and SFP, suggesting that both pathways are likely impaired in most BRCA1 mutant tumors. Although not affecting HDR, the Bard1 mutations ablate poly(ADP-ribose)-dependent recruitment of BRCA1/BARD1 to stalled replication forks, resulting in fork degradation and chromosome instability. Nonetheless, Bard1S563F/S563F and Bard1K607A/K607A mice, unlike Brca1S1598F/S1598F mice, are not tumor prone, indicating that HDR alone is sufficient to suppress tumor formation in the absence of SFP. Nevertheless, because SFP, unlike HDR, is also impaired in heterozygous Brca1/Bard1 mutant cells, SFP and HDR may contribute to distinct stages of tumorigenesis in BRCA1/BARD1 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Billing
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michiko Horiguchi
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Foon Wu-Baer
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Angelo Taglialatela
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Giuseppe Leuzzi
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Silvia Alvarez Nanez
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wenxia Jiang
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shan Zha
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matthias Szabolcs
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chyuan-Sheng Lin
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alberto Ciccia
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Richard Baer
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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22
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Chen CC, Feng W, Lim PX, Kass EM, Jasin M. Homology-Directed Repair and the Role of BRCA1, BRCA2, and Related Proteins in Genome Integrity and Cancer. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY 2018; 2:313-336. [PMID: 30345412 PMCID: PMC6193498 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030617-050502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Germ-line and somatic mutations in genes that promote homology-directed repair (HDR), especially BRCA1 and BRCA2, are frequently observed in several cancers, in particular, breast and ovary but also prostate and other cancers. HDR is critical for the error-free repair of DNA double-strand breaks and other lesions, and HDR factors also protect stalled replication forks. As a result, loss of BRCA1 or BRCA2 poses significant risks to genome integrity, leading not only to cancer predisposition but also to sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, affecting therapeutic approaches. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of BRCA1 and BRCA2, including how they genetically interact with other repair factors, how they protect stalled replication forks, how they affect the response to aldehydes, and how loss of their functions links to mutation signatures. Importantly, given the recent advances with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) for the treatment of HDR-deficient tumors, we discuss mechanisms by which BRCA-deficient tumors acquire resistance to PARPi and other agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chin Chen
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Weiran Feng
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Pei Xin Lim
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Elizabeth M Kass
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Maria Jasin
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
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23
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Pilyugin M, André PA, Ratajska M, Kuzniacka A, Limon J, Tournier BB, Colas J, Laurent G, Irminger-Finger I. Antagonizing functions of BARD1 and its alternatively spliced variant BARD1δ in telomere stability. Oncotarget 2018; 8:9339-9353. [PMID: 28030839 PMCID: PMC5354735 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports have shown that expression of BARD1δ, a deletion-bearing isoform of BARD1, correlates with tumor aggressiveness and progression. We show that expression of BARD1δ induces cell cycle arrest in vitro and in vivo in non-malignant cells. We investigated the mechanism that leads to proliferation arrest and found that BARD1δ overexpression induced mitotic arrest with chromosome and telomere aberrations in cell cultures, in transgenic mice, and in cells from human breast and ovarian cancer patients with BARD1 mutations. BARD1δ binds more efficiently than BARD1 to telomere binding proteins and causes their depletion from telomeres, leading to telomere and chromosomal instability. While this induces cell cycle arrest, cancer cells lacking G2/M checkpoint controls might continue to proliferate despite the BARD1δ-induced chromosomal instability. These features of BARD1δ may make it a genome permutator and a driver of continuous uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Pilyugin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Alain André
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Ratajska
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia and Institute of Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Alina Kuzniacka
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Janusz Limon
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Benjamin B Tournier
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Vulnerability Biomarkers Unit, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Colas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Geoff Laurent
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia and Institute of Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Irmgard Irminger-Finger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia and Institute of Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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24
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Cimmino F, Formicola D, Capasso M. Dualistic Role of BARD1 in Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8120375. [PMID: 29292755 PMCID: PMC5748693 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 Associated RING Domain 1 (BARD1) encodes a protein which interacts with the N-terminal region of BRCA1 in vivo and in vitro. The full length (FL) BARD1 mRNA includes 11 exons and encodes a protein comprising of six domains (N-terminal RING-finger domain, three Ankyrin repeats and two C-terminal BRCT domains) with different functions. Emerging data suggest that BARD1 can have both tumor-suppressor gene and oncogene functions in tumor initiation and progression. Indeed, whereas FL BARD1 protein acts as tumor-suppressor with and without BRCA1 interactions, aberrant splice variants of BARD1 have been detected in various cancers and have been shown to play an oncogenic role. Further evidence for a dualistic role came with the identification of BARD1 as a neuroblastoma predisposition gene in our genome wide association study which has demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms in BARD1 can correlate with risk or can protect against cancer based on their association with the expression of FL and splice variants of BARD1. This review is an overview of how BARD1 functions in tumorigenesis with opposite effects in various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Cimmino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università Degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Daniela Formicola
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Mario Capasso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università Degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, 80143 Naples, Italy.
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25
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The STUbL RNF4 regulates protein group SUMOylation by targeting the SUMO conjugation machinery. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1809. [PMID: 29180619 PMCID: PMC5703878 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01900-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligases (STUbLs) mediate the ubiquitylation of SUMOylated proteins to modulate their functions. In search of direct targets for the STUbL RNF4, we have developed TULIP (targets for ubiquitin ligases identified by proteomics) to covalently trap targets for ubiquitin E3 ligases. TULIP methodology could be widely employed to delineate E3 substrate wiring. Here we report that the single SUMO E2 Ubc9 and the SUMO E3 ligases PIAS1, PIAS2, PIAS3, ZNF451, and NSMCE2 are direct RNF4 targets. We confirm PIAS1 as a key RNF4 substrate. Furthermore, we establish the ubiquitin E3 ligase BARD1, a tumor suppressor and partner of BRCA1, as an indirect RNF4 target, regulated by PIAS1. Interestingly, accumulation of BARD1 at local sites of DNA damage increases upon knockdown of RNF4. Combined, we provide an insight into the role of the STUbL RNF4 to balance the role of SUMO signaling by directly targeting Ubc9 and SUMO E3 ligases. SUMO and ubiquitin are key signal transducers in several cellular processes including the DNA-damage response. Here the authors describe a method for selective enrichment of ubiquitin substrates for E3 ligases from complex cellular proteomes and identify the SUMO conjugation machinery as direct RNF4 substrates.
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26
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Zhao W, Steinfeld JB, Liang F, Chen X, Maranon DG, Ma CJ, Kwon Y, Rao T, Wang W, Chen S, Song X, Deng Y, Jimenez-Sainz J, Lu L, Jensen RB, Xiong Y, Kupfer GM, Wiese C, Greene EC, Sung P. BRCA1-BARD1 promotes RAD51-mediated homologous DNA pairing. Nature 2017; 550:360-365. [PMID: 28976962 PMCID: PMC5800781 DOI: 10.1038/nature24060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The tumour suppressor complex BRCA1-BARD1 functions in the repair of DNA double-stranded breaks by homologous recombination. During this process, BRCA1-BARD1 facilitates the nucleolytic resection of DNA ends to generate a single-stranded template for the recruitment of another tumour suppressor complex, BRCA2-PALB2, and the recombinase RAD51. Here, by examining purified wild-type and mutant BRCA1-BARD1, we show that both BRCA1 and BARD1 bind DNA and interact with RAD51, and that BRCA1-BARD1 enhances the recombinase activity of RAD51. Mechanistically, BRCA1-BARD1 promotes the assembly of the synaptic complex, an essential intermediate in RAD51-mediated DNA joint formation. We provide evidence that BRCA1 and BARD1 are indispensable for RAD51 stimulation. Notably, BRCA1-BARD1 mutants with weakened RAD51 interactions show compromised DNA joint formation and impaired mediation of homologous recombination and DNA repair in cells. Our results identify a late role of BRCA1-BARD1 in homologous recombination, an attribute of the tumour suppressor complex that could be targeted in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Justin B. Steinfeld
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Fengshan Liang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - David G. Maranon
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Chu Jian Ma
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Youngho Kwon
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Timsi Rao
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Weibin Wang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xuemei Song
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yanhong Deng
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Judit Jimenez-Sainz
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lucy Lu
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ryan B. Jensen
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yong Xiong
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Gary M. Kupfer
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Claudia Wiese
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Eric C. Greene
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Patrick Sung
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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27
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Chang PL, Kopania E, Keeble S, Sarver BAJ, Larson E, Orth A, Belkhir K, Boursot P, Bonhomme F, Good JM, Dean MD. Whole exome sequencing of wild-derived inbred strains of mice improves power to link phenotype and genotype. Mamm Genome 2017; 28:416-425. [PMID: 28819774 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-017-9704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The house mouse is a powerful model to dissect the genetic basis of phenotypic variation, and serves as a model to study human diseases. Despite a wealth of discoveries, most classical laboratory strains have captured only a small fraction of genetic variation known to segregate in their wild progenitors, and existing strains are often related to each other in complex ways. Inbred strains of mice independently derived from natural populations have the potential to increase power in genetic studies with the addition of novel genetic variation. Here, we perform exome-enrichment and high-throughput sequencing (~8× coverage) of 26 wild-derived strains known in the mouse research community as the "Montpellier strains." We identified 1.46 million SNPs in our dataset, approximately 19% of which have not been detected from other inbred strains. This novel genetic variation is expected to contribute to phenotypic variation, as they include 18,496 nonsynonymous variants and 262 early stop codons. Simulations demonstrate that the higher density of genetic variation in the Montpellier strains provides increased power for quantitative genetic studies. Inasmuch as the power to connect genotype to phenotype depends on genetic variation, it is important to incorporate these additional genetic strains into future research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Chang
- Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, 1050 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Emily Kopania
- Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, 1050 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Sara Keeble
- Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, 1050 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Brice A J Sarver
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Erica Larson
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
| | - Annie Orth
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, CNRS UMR554, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Khalid Belkhir
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, CNRS UMR554, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Boursot
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, CNRS UMR554, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - François Bonhomme
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, CNRS UMR554, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jeffrey M Good
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Matthew D Dean
- Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, 1050 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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28
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Liao Y, Yuan S, Chen X, Zhu P, Li J, Qin L, Liao W. Up-regulation of BRCA1-associated RING Domain 1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Targeting Akt Signaling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7649. [PMID: 28794477 PMCID: PMC5550490 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the potential clinical, pathological, prognostic value, role and mechanism of BRCA1-associated RING Domain 1 (BARD1) in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the expression of BARD1 mRNA and protein. The expression of BARD1 in the HCC tissue samples was markedly higher than that in the adjacent noncancerous liver tissues. Elevated BARD1 expression was positively correlated with tumor-node-metastasis stage, Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer stage, hepatitis B surface antigen, large tumor size, serum alpha-fetoprotein levels, and serum aspartate aminotransferase levels. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed the BARD1 was an independent predictor for decreased progression-free survival and overall survival in HCC. In vitro experiments demonstrated that knocking down BARD1 significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of HCC cells. Moreover, silencing BARD1 inhibit the signaling pathway via decreased the levels of Akt, mTOR, and MMP-9 and inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473) and mTOR (Ser2248). Collectively, our findings suggest that BARD1 may be a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of HCC, and up-regulation of BARD1 can contribute to HCC progression by targeting Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liao
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China.,Disease Prevention and Control Center of Guilin, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Shengguang Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xinhuang Chen
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Pengpeng Zhu
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Liling Qin
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Weijia Liao
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China.
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29
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Martinez AR, Kaul Z, Parvin JD, Groden J. Differential requirements for DNA repair proteins in immortalized cell lines using alternative lengthening of telomere mechanisms. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2017; 56:617-631. [PMID: 28398700 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells require telomere maintenance to enable uncontrolled growth. Most often telomerase is activated, although a subset of human cancers are telomerase-negative and depend on recombination-based mechanisms known as ALT (Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres). ALT depends on proteins that are essential for homologous recombination, including BLM and the MRN complex, to extend telomeres. This study surveyed the requirement for requisite homologous recombination proteins, yet to be studied in human ALT cell lines, by protein depletion using RNA interference. Effects on ALT were evaluated by measuring C-circle abundance, a marker of ALT. Surprisingly, several proteins essential for homologous recombination, BARD1, BRCA2, and WRN, were dispensable for C-circle production, while PALB2 had varying effects on C-circles among ALT cell lines. Depletion of homologous recombination proteins BRCA1 and BLM, which have been previously studied in ALT, decreased C-circles in all ALT cell lines. Depletion of the non-homologous end joining proteins 53BP1 and LIG4 had no effect on C-circles in any ALT cell line. Proteins such as chromatin modifiers that recruit double-strand break proteins, RNF8 and RNF168, and other proteins loosely grouped into excision DNA repair processes, XPA, MSH2, and MPG, reduced C-circles in some ALT cell lines. MSH2 depletion also reduced recombination at telomeres as measured by intertelomeric exchanges. Collectively, the requirement for DNA repair proteins varied between the ALT cell lines compared. In sum, our study suggests that ALT proceeds by multiple mechanisms that differ between cell lines and that some of these depend on DNA repair proteins not associated with homologous recombination pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina R Martinez
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Zeenia Kaul
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey D Parvin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joanna Groden
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
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30
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Vriend LEM, Krawczyk PM. Nick-initiated homologous recombination: Protecting the genome, one strand at a time. DNA Repair (Amst) 2016; 50:1-13. [PMID: 28087249 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is an essential, widely conserved mechanism that utilizes a template for accurate repair of DNA breaks. Some early HR models, developed over five decades ago, anticipated single-strand breaks (nicks) as initiating lesions. Subsequent studies favored a more double-strand break (DSB)-centered view of HR initiation and at present this pathway is primarily considered to be associated with DSB repair. However, mounting evidence suggests that nicks can indeed initiate HR directly, without first being converted to DSBs. Moreover, recent studies reported on novel branches of nick-initiated HR (nickHR) that rely on single-, rather than double-stranded repair templates and that are characterized by mechanistically and genetically unique properties. The physiological significance of nickHR is not well documented, but its high-fidelity nature and low mutagenic potential are relevant in recently developed, precise gene editing approaches. Here, we review the evidence for stimulation of HR by nicks, as well as the data on the interactions of nickHR with other DNA repair pathways and on its mechanistic properties. We conclude that nickHR is a bona-fide pathway for nick repair, sharing the molecular machinery with the canonical HR but nevertheless characterized by unique properties that secure its inclusion in DNA repair models and warrant future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne E M Vriend
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Przemek M Krawczyk
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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31
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Nielsen FC, van Overeem Hansen T, Sørensen CS. Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: new genes in confined pathways. Nat Rev Cancer 2016; 16:599-612. [PMID: 27515922 DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2016.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic abnormalities in the DNA repair genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 predispose to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). However, only approximately 25% of cases of HBOC can be ascribed to BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Recently, exome sequencing has uncovered substantial locus heterogeneity among affected families without BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. The new pathogenic variants are rare, posing challenges to estimation of risk attribution through patient cohorts. In this Review article, we examine HBOC genes, focusing on their role in genome maintenance, the possibilities for functional testing of putative causal variants and the clinical application of new HBOC genes in cancer risk management and treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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32
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Beckta JM, Dever SM, Gnawali N, Khalil A, Sule A, Golding SE, Rosenberg E, Narayanan A, Kehn-Hall K, Xu B, Povirk LF, Valerie K. Mutation of the BRCA1 SQ-cluster results in aberrant mitosis, reduced homologous recombination, and a compensatory increase in non-homologous end joining. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27674-87. [PMID: 26320175 PMCID: PMC4695017 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the breast cancer susceptibility 1 (BRCA1) gene are catalysts for breast and ovarian cancers. Most mutations are associated with the BRCA1 N- and C-terminal domains linked to DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. However, little is known about the role of the intervening serine-glutamine (SQ) - cluster in the DNA damage response beyond its importance in regulating cell cycle checkpoints. We show that serine-to-alanine alterations at critical residues within the SQ-cluster known to be phosphorylated by ATM and ATR result in reduced homologous recombination repair (HRR) and aberrant mitosis. While a S1387A BRCA1 mutant - previously shown to abrogate S-phase arrest in response to radiation - resulted in only a modest decrease in HRR, S1387A together with an additional alteration, S1423A (BRCA12P), reduced HRR to vector control levels and similar to a quadruple mutant also including S1457A and S1524A (BRCA14P). These effects appeared to be independent of PALB2. Furthermore, we found that BRCA14P promoted a prolonged and struggling HRR late in the cell cycle and shifted DSB repair from HRR to non-homologous end joining which, in the face of irreparable chromosomal damage, resulted in mitotic catastrophe. Altogether, SQ-cluster phosphorylation is critical for allowing adequate time for completing normal HRR prior to mitosis and preventing cells from entering G1 prematurely resulting in gross chromosomal aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Beckta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Seth M Dever
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Nisha Gnawali
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ashraf Khalil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Amrita Sule
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Sarah E Golding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rosenberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Aarthi Narayanan
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Kylene Kehn-Hall
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- Cancer Research Department, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Lawrence F Povirk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Kristoffer Valerie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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Recent advances in the research for the homolog of breast cancer associated gene AtROW1 in higher plants. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:825-31. [PMID: 27502904 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-5086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BARD1 (BRCA1 associated RING domain protein 1), as an important animal tumor suppressor gene associated with many kinds of cancers, has been intensively studied for decades. Surprisingly, homolog of BARD1 was found in plants and it was renamed AtROW1 (repressor of Wuschel-1) according to its extremely important function with regard to plant stem cell homeostasis. Although great advances have been made in human BARD1, the function of this animal tumor-suppressor like gene in plant is not well studied and need to be further elucidated. Here, we review and summarize past and present work regarding this protein. Apart from its previously proposed role in DNA repair, recently it is found essential for shoot and root stem cell development and differentiation in plants. The study of AtROW1 in plant may provide an ideal model for further elucidating the functional mechanism of BARD1 in mammals.
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Ito S, Murphy CG, Doubrovina E, Jasin M, Moynahan ME. PARP Inhibitors in Clinical Use Induce Genomic Instability in Normal Human Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159341. [PMID: 27428646 PMCID: PMC4948780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are the first proteins involved in cellular DNA repair pathways to be targeted by specific inhibitors for clinical benefit. Tumors harboring genetic defects in homologous recombination (HR), a DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway, are hypersensitive to PARP inhibitors (PARPi). Early phase clinical trials with PARPi have been promising in patients with advanced BRCA1 or BRCA2-associated breast, ovary and prostate cancer and have led to limited approval for treatment of BRCA-deficient ovary cancer. Unlike HR-defective cells, HR-proficient cells manifest very low cytotoxicity when exposed to PARPi, although they mount a DNA damage response. However, the genotoxic effects on normal human cells when agents including PARPi disturb proficient cellular repair processes have not been substantially investigated. We quantified cytogenetic alterations of human cells, including primary lymphoid cells and non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic epithelial cell lines, exposed to PARPi at clinically relevant doses by both sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assays and chromosome spreading. As expected, both olaparib and veliparib effectively inhibited poly-ADP-ribosylation (PAR), and caused marked hypersensitivity in HR-deficient cells. Significant dose-dependent increases in SCEs were observed in normal and non-tumorigenic cells with minimal residual PAR activity. Clinically relevant doses of the FDA-approved olaparib led to a marked increase of SCEs (5-10-fold) and chromatid aberrations (2-6-fold). Furthermore, olaparib potentiated SCE induction by cisplatin in normal human cells. Our data have important implications for therapies with regard to sustained genotoxicity to normal cells. Genomic instability arising from PARPi warrants consideration, especially if these agents will be used in people with early stage cancers, in prevention strategies or for non-oncologic indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Ito
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Conleth G. Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ekaterina Doubrovina
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Maria Jasin
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mary Ellen Moynahan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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35
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Vriend LEM, Prakash R, Chen CC, Vanoli F, Cavallo F, Zhang Y, Jasin M, Krawczyk PM. Distinct genetic control of homologous recombination repair of Cas9-induced double-strand breaks, nicks and paired nicks. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:5204-17. [PMID: 27001513 PMCID: PMC4914091 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are known to be powerful inducers of homologous recombination (HR), but single-strand breaks (nicks) have also been shown to trigger HR. Both DSB- and nick-induced HR ((nick)HR) are exploited in advanced genome-engineering approaches based on the bacterial RNA-guided nuclease Cas9. However, the mechanisms of (nick)HR are largely unexplored. Here, we applied Cas9 nickases to study (nick)HR in mammalian cells. We find that (nick)HR is unaffected by inhibition of major damage signaling kinases and that it is not suppressed by nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) components, arguing that nick processing does not require a DSB intermediate to trigger HR. Relative to a single nick, nicking both strands enhances HR, consistent with a DSB intermediate, even when nicks are induced up to ∼1kb apart. Accordingly, HR and NHEJ compete for repair of these paired nicks, but, surprisingly, only when 5' overhangs or blunt ends can be generated. Our study advances the understanding of molecular mechanisms driving nick and paired-nick repair in mammalian cells and clarify phenomena associated with Cas9-mediated genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne E M Vriend
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rohit Prakash
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chun-Chin Chen
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Fabio Vanoli
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Francesca Cavallo
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Maria Jasin
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Przemek M Krawczyk
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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36
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New concepts on BARD1: Regulator of BRCA pathways and beyond. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 72:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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37
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Sheikh A, Hussain SA, Ghori Q, Naeem N, Fazil A, Giri S, Sathian B, Mainali P, Al Tamimi DM. The spectrum of genetic mutations in breast cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:2177-85. [PMID: 25824734 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.6.2177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women around the world. About one in 12 women in the West develop breast cancer at some point in life. It is estimated that 5%-10% of all breast cancer cases in women are linked to hereditary susceptibility due to mutations in autosomal dominant genes. The two key players associated with high breast cancer risk are mutations in BRCA 1 and BRCA 2. Another highly important mutation can occur in TP53 resulting in a triple negative breast cancer. However, the great majority of breast cancer cases are not related to a mutated gene of high penetrance, but to genes of low penetrance such as CHEK2, CDH1, NBS1, RAD50, BRIP1 and PALB2, which are frequently mutated in the general population. In this review, we discuss the entire spectrum of mutations which are associated with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfandyar Sheikh
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan E-mail :
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38
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Kan C, Zhang J. BRCA1 Mutation: A Predictive Marker for Radiation Therapy? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015; 93:281-93. [PMID: 26383678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair, in particular, DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, is essential for the survival of both normal and cancer cells. An elaborate repair mechanism has been developed in cells to efficiently repair the damaged DNA. The pathways predominately involved in DSB repair are homologous recombination and classic nonhomologous end-joining, although the alternative NHEJ pathway, a third DSB repair pathway, could also be important in certain contexts. The protein of BRCA1 encoded by the tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 regulates all DSB repair pathways. Given that DSBs represent the most biologically significant lesions induced by ionizing radiation and that impaired DSB repair leads to radiation sensitivity, it has been expected that cancer patients with BRCA1 mutations should benefit from radiation therapy. However, the clinical data have been conflicting and inconclusive. We provide an overview about the current status of the data regarding BRCA1 deficiency and radiation therapy sensitivity in both experimental models and clinical investigations. In addition, we discuss a strategy to potentiate the effects of radiation therapy by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, the pharmacologic drugs being investigated as monotherapy for the treatment of patients with BRCA1/2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene Kan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
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39
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Lee C, Banerjee T, Gillespie J, Ceravolo A, Parvinsmith MR, Starita LM, Fields S, Toland AE, Parvin JD. Functional Analysis of BARD1 Missense Variants in Homology-Directed Repair of DNA Double Strand Breaks. Hum Mutat 2015; 36:1205-14. [PMID: 26350354 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Genes associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) are often sequenced in search of mutations that are predictive of susceptibility to these cancer types, but the sequence results are frequently ambiguous because of the detection of missense substitutions for which the clinical impact is unknown. The BARD1 protein is the heterodimeric partner of BRCA1 and is included on clinical gene panels for testing for susceptibility to HBOC. Like BRCA1, it is required for homology-directed DNA repair (HDR). We measured the HDR function of 29 BARD1 missense variants, 27 culled from clinical test results and two synthetic variants. Twenty-three of the assayed variants were functional for HDR; of these, four are known neutral variants. Three variants showed intermediate function, and three others were defective in HDR. When mapped to BARD1 domains, residues crucial for HDR were located in the N- and C- termini of BARD1. In the BARD1 RING domain, critical residues mapped to the zinc-coordinating amino acids and to the BRCA1-BARD1 binding interface, highlighting the importance of interaction between BRCA1 and BARD1 for HDR activity. Based on these results, we propose that the HDR assay is a useful complement to genetic analyses to classify BARD1 variants of unknown clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tapahsama Banerjee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jessica Gillespie
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amanda Ceravolo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Matthew R Parvinsmith
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lea M Starita
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stanley Fields
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey D Parvin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
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40
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Tembe V, Martino-Echarri E, Marzec KA, Mok MT, Brodie KM, Mills K, Lei Y, DeFazio A, Rizos H, Kettle E, Boadle R, Henderson BR. The BARD1 BRCT domain contributes to p53 binding, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial localization, and apoptotic function. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1763-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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41
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Li M, Yu X. The role of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in DNA damage response and cancer chemotherapy. Oncogene 2015; 34:3349-56. [PMID: 25220415 PMCID: PMC4362780 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage is a deleterious threat, but occurs daily in all types of cells. In response to DNA damage, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, a unique post-translational modification, is immediately catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) at DNA lesions, which facilitates DNA damage repair. Recent studies suggest that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is one of the first steps of cellular DNA damage response and governs early DNA damage response pathways. Suppression of DNA damage-induced poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation by PARP inhibitors impairs early DNA damage response events. Moreover, PARP inhibitors are emerging as anti-cancer drugs in phase III clinical trials for BRCA-deficient tumors. In this review, we discuss recent findings on poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in DNA damage response as well as the molecular mechanism by which PARP inhibitors selectively kill tumor cells with BRCA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, 5560 MSRBII, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Xiaochun Yu
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, 5560 MSRBII, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
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42
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Prakash R, Zhang Y, Feng W, Jasin M. Homologous recombination and human health: the roles of BRCA1, BRCA2, and associated proteins. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2015; 7:a016600. [PMID: 25833843 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 561] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is a major pathway for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells, the defining step of which is homologous strand exchange directed by the RAD51 protein. The physiological importance of HR is underscored by the observation of genomic instability in HR-deficient cells and, importantly, the association of cancer predisposition and developmental defects with mutations in HR genes. The tumor suppressors BRCA1 and BRCA2, key players at different stages of HR, are frequently mutated in familial breast and ovarian cancers. Other HR proteins, including PALB2 and RAD51 paralogs, have also been identified as tumor suppressors. This review summarizes recent findings on BRCA1, BRCA2, and associated proteins involved in human disease with an emphasis on their molecular roles and interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Prakash
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Yu Zhang
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Weiran Feng
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065 Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Maria Jasin
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065 Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
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43
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Aleskandarany M, Caracappa D, Nolan CC, Macmillan RD, Ellis IO, Rakha EA, Green AR. DNA damage response markers are differentially expressed in BRCA-mutated breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 150:81-90. [PMID: 25690937 PMCID: PMC4344553 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cells have stringent DNA repair pathways that are specific for each different set of DNA lesions which is accomplished through the integration of complex array of proteins. However, BRCA-mutated breast cancer (BC) has defective DNA repair mechanisms. This study aims to investigate differential expression of a large panel of DNA repair markers to characterise DNA repair mechanisms in BRCA-associated tumours compared to sporadic tumours in an attempt to characterise these tumours in routine practice. Immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray technology were applied to a cohort of clinically annotated series of sporadic (n = 1849), BRCA1-mutated (n = 48), and BRCA2-mutated (n = 27) BC. The following DNA damage response (DDR) markers are used; BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, Ku70/Ku80, BARD, PARP1 (cleaved), PARP1 (non-cleaved), and P53 in addition to basal cytokeratins, ER, PR, and HER2. A significant proportion of BRCA1 tumours were positive for PARP1 (non-cleaved), and negative for BARD1 and RAD51 compared with sporadic BC. BRCA2 tumours were significantly positive for PARP1 (non-cleaved) compared with sporadic tumours. RAD51 was significantly higher in BRCA1 compared with BRCA2 tumours (p = 0.005). When BRCA1/2 BCs were compared to triple-negative (TN) sporadic tumours of the studied DDR proteins, BARD1 (p < 0.001), PARP1 (non-cleaved) (p < 0.001), and P53 (p = 0.002) remained significantly different in BRCA1/2 tumours compared with TN BC. DNA repair markers showed differential expression in BRCA-mutated tumours, with a substantial degree of disruption of DNA repair pathways in sporadic BC especially TN BC. DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is assisted by PARP1 expression in BRCA-mutated tumours, whereas the loss of DSB repair via RAD51 is predominant in BRCA1 rather than BRCA2 BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Aleskandarany
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,
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Liu X, Zhang X, Chen Y, Yang X, Xing Y, Ma L. Association of three common BARD1 variants with cancer susceptibility: a system review and meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:311-321. [PMID: 25785002 PMCID: PMC4358457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BARD1 has been shown to play tumor suppressive roles in human cancer. We performed this meta-analysis and firstly evaluated the association between three common BARD1 polymorphisms (Arg378Ser, Val507Met and Pro24Ser) and cancer susceptibility. We performed this meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, OVID and Web of Science databases was done from database inception to August 2014. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined to measure the association between BARD1 polymorphisms and cancer risk. On the basis of 10 studies about BARD1 polymorphisms and cancer, we found that BARD1 Val507Met (G/A) polymorphism was associated with decreased cancer susceptibility (allelic model: OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.66-0.87, P < 0.00001; dominant model: OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65-0.91, P < 0.00001; recessive model: OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.55-0.74, P < 0.00001; homozygote comparison: OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.49-0.70, P < 0.00001; heterozygote comparison: OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.99 , P = 0.0008). BARD1 Pro24Ser (C/T) polymorphism was also associated decreased cancer risk in allelic model (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.60-0.88, P = 0.0009), dominant model (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56-0.87, P = 0.004), recessive model (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56-0.87 , P = 0.004), homozygote comparison (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.39-0.78, P = 0.0007) and heterozygote comparison (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62-0.91, P = 0.004). And in our sensitivity analysis, when deleting the study performed by Capasso in 2009, we found that BARD1 Arg378Ser polymorphism was associated with decreased cancer risk in allelic model (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67-0.97, P = 0.02), dominant model (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56-0.91, P = 0.007) and heterozygote comparison (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.57-0.91, 0 = 0.006). In conclusion, BARD1 Arg378Ser, Val507Met and Pro24Ser may be associated with decreased cancer risk. More studies with larger samples and gene-environment interactions are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji UniversityShanghai 200072, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200336, China
| | - Xiyi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200336, China
| | - Yi Xing
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200336, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200336, China
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45
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Hill SJ, Clark AP, Silver DP, Livingston DM. BRCA1 pathway function in basal-like breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:3828-42. [PMID: 25092866 PMCID: PMC4187718 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01646-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporadic basal-like cancers (BLCs) are a common subtype of breast cancer that share multiple biological properties with BRCA1-mutated breast tumors. Despite being BRCA1(+/+), sporadic BLCs are widely viewed as phenocopies of BRCA1-mutated breast cancers, because they are hypothesized to manifest a BRCA1 functional defect or breakdown of a pathway(s) in which BRCA1 plays a major role. The role of BRCA1 in the repair of double-strand DNA breaks by homologous recombination (HR) is its best understood function and the function most often implicated in BRCA1 breast cancer suppression. Therefore, it is suspected that sporadic BLCs exhibit a defect in HR. To test this hypothesis, multiple DNA damage repair assays focused on several types of repair were performed on a group of cell lines classified as sporadic BLCs and on controls. The sporadic BLC cell lines failed to exhibit an overt HR defect. Rather, they exhibited defects in the repair of stalled replication forks, another BRCA1 function. These results provide insight into why clinical trials of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, which require an HR defect for efficacy, have been unsuccessful in sporadic BLCs, unlike cisplatin, which elicits DNA damage that requires stalled fork repair and has shown efficacy in sporadic BLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Hill
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Allison P Clark
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel P Silver
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David M Livingston
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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46
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Long DT, Joukov V, Budzowska M, Walter JC. BRCA1 promotes unloading of the CMG helicase from a stalled DNA replication fork. Mol Cell 2014; 56:174-85. [PMID: 25219499 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor protein BRCA1 promotes homologous recombination (HR), a high-fidelity mechanism to repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) that arise during normal replication and in response to DNA-damaging agents. Recent genetic experiments indicate that BRCA1 also performs an HR-independent function during the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Here we show that BRCA1 is required to unload the CMG helicase complex from chromatin after replication forks collide with an ICL. Eviction of the stalled helicase allows leading strands to be extended toward the ICL, followed by endonucleolytic processing of the crosslink, lesion bypass, and DSB repair. Our results identify BRCA1-dependent helicase unloading as a critical, early event in ICL repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Long
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vladimir Joukov
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Magda Budzowska
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Johannes C Walter
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Pilyugin M, Irminger-Finger I. Long non-coding RNA and microRNAs might act in regulating the expression of BARD1 mRNAs. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 54:356-67. [PMID: 25008968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are ubiquitously expressed RNA molecules of more than 200 nucleotides without substantial ORFs. LncRNAs could act as epigenetic regulators of gene expression affecting transcription, mRNA stability and transport, and translation, although, precise functions have been attributed to only few of them. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) represent one recently emerged type of functional lncRNAs that share microRNA recognition sequences with mRNAs and may compete for microRNA binding and thus affect regulation and function of target mRNAs. We studied the epigenetic regulation of the BARD1 gene. The BARD1 protein acts as tumor suppressor with BRCA1. In cancer, mRNAs encoding the tumor suppressor full length BARD1 are often down-regulated while the expression of oncogenic truncated isoforms is boosted. We found that the BARD1 3'UTR is almost 3000nt long and harbors a large number of microRNA binding elements. In addition we discovered a novel lncRNA, BARD1 9'L, which is transcribed from an alternative promoter in intron 9 of the BARD1 gene and shares part of the 3'UTR with the protein coding BARD1 mRNAs. We demonstrate with the example of two microRNAs, miR-203 and miR-101, that they down-regulate the expression of FL BARD1 and cancer-associated BARD1 mRNAs, and that BARD1 9'L counteracts the effect of miR-203 and miR-101, As BARD1 9'L is abnormally over-expressed in human cancers, we suggest it might be a tumor promoting factor and treatment target. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: The Non-coding RNA Revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Pilyugin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Medical Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 2, Chemin du Petit Bel Air, 1225 Geneva, GE, Switzerland.
| | - Irmgard Irminger-Finger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Medical Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 2, Chemin du Petit Bel Air, 1225 Geneva, GE, Switzerland
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48
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Woditschka S, Evans L, Duchnowska R, Reed LT, Palmieri D, Qian Y, Badve S, Sledge G, Gril B, Aladjem MI, Fu H, Flores NM, Gökmen-Polar Y, Biernat W, Szutowicz-Zielińska E, Mandat T, Trojanowski T, Och W, Czartoryska-Arlukowicz B, Jassem J, Mitchell JB, Steeg PS. DNA double-strand break repair genes and oxidative damage in brain metastasis of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju145. [PMID: 24948741 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer frequently metastasizes to the brain, colonizing a neuro-inflammatory microenvironment. The molecular pathways facilitating this colonization remain poorly understood. METHODS Expression profiling of 23 matched sets of human resected brain metastases and primary breast tumors by two-sided paired t test was performed to identify brain metastasis-specific genes. The implicated DNA repair genes BARD1 and RAD51 were modulated in human (MDA-MB-231-BR) and murine (4T1-BR) brain-tropic breast cancer cell lines by lentiviral transduction of cDNA or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) coding sequences. Their functional contribution to brain metastasis development was evaluated in mouse xenograft models (n = 10 mice per group). RESULTS Human brain metastases overexpressed BARD1 and RAD51 compared with either matched primary tumors (1.74-fold, P < .001; 1.46-fold, P < .001, respectively) or unlinked systemic metastases (1.49-fold, P = .01; 1.44-fold, P = .008, respectively). Overexpression of either gene in MDA-MB-231-BR cells increased brain metastases by threefold to fourfold after intracardiac injections, but not lung metastases upon tail-vein injections. In 4T1-BR cells, shRNA-mediated RAD51 knockdown reduced brain metastases by 2.5-fold without affecting lung metastasis development. In vitro, BARD1- and RAD51-overexpressing cells showed reduced genomic instability but only exhibited growth and colonization phenotypes upon DNA damage induction. Reactive oxygen species were present in tumor cells and elevated in the metastatic neuro-inflammatory microenvironment and could provide an endogenous source of genotoxic stress. Tempol, a brain-permeable oxygen radical scavenger suppressed brain metastasis promotion induced by BARD1 and RAD51 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS BARD1 and RAD51 are frequently overexpressed in brain metastases from breast cancer and may constitute a mechanism to overcome reactive oxygen species-mediated genotoxic stress in the metastatic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Woditschka
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
| | - Lynda Evans
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Renata Duchnowska
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - L Tiffany Reed
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Diane Palmieri
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Yongzhen Qian
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Sunil Badve
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - George Sledge
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Brunilde Gril
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Mirit I Aladjem
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Haiqing Fu
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Natasha M Flores
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Yesim Gökmen-Polar
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Wojciech Biernat
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Ewa Szutowicz-Zielińska
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Tomasz Mandat
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Tomasz Trojanowski
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Waldemar Och
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Bogumiła Czartoryska-Arlukowicz
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Jacek Jassem
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - James B Mitchell
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Patricia S Steeg
- Affiliations of authors: Women's Malignancies Branch (SW, LE, TR, DP, BG, NMF, PSS), DNA Replication Group, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (MIA, HF), and Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch (JBM), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (RD); Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick MD (YQ); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SB), and Departments of Medicine (GS, YG-P), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (WB), and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy (ES-Z, JJ), Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (TM); Department of Neurosurgery and Children's Neurosurgery Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (TT); Department of Neurosurgery, Interior Affairs Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland (WO); Department of Clinical Oncology, Białystok Oncology Center, Białystok, Poland (BC-A); Present addresses: Teach for America, Baltimore, MD (LE); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (DP); Cancer Biology Program (NMF), and Department of Oncology (GS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
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Liu H, Zhang H, Sun X, He Y, Li J, Guo X. A cross-sectional study of associations between nonsynonymous mutations of the BARD1 gene and breast cancer in Han Chinese women. Asia Pac J Public Health 2014; 25:8S-14S. [PMID: 23966609 DOI: 10.1177/1010539513497220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The PCR-PIRA and PCR-RFLP techniques were used for BARD1 genotyping. Correlations between gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to breast cancer were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS showed that compared with the wild type of 378 Arg/Arg of BRAD1, the homozygotic type of 378 Ser/Ser with Arg378Ser site mutation had a protective effect (adjusted odds ratio: 0.628, 95% confidence interval: 0.306-1.145). Compared with individuals carrying the wild type of 24Pro/Pro, the disease risk of individuals with the heterozygous type of 24 Pro/Ser decreased by 30.6% and that with the mutational homozygotic type of 24 Ser/Ser decreased by 43.8%. SNP sites rs2229571 and rs1048108 of BARD1 are associated with a lower risk of breast cancer but not rs2070094.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Breast Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
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Abstract
Chemotherapy occupies an important position in the treatment of gastric cancer. Platinum drugs are commonly chemotherapy drugs for gastric cancer; however, sensitivity to these drugs varies among different patients. The breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) is a tumor suppressor gene that is associated with sensitivity to platinum drugs. At present, the research on the BRCA1 gene is mainly focused on breast cancer, and there have been fewer studies on gastric cancer. This paper will give an overview of the structure and function of the BRCA1 gene and the relationship between BRCA1 and gastric cancer.
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