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Yang J, Wang X, Yu Y, Cao Y, Guo M, Hu X, Wang L, Lin B. Ratiometric fluorescence probe based on boric acid-modified carbon dots and alizarin red for sensitive and rapid detection of glyphosate. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:661. [PMID: 39387990 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06748-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
By combining boric acid-modified carbon dots (p-CDs) and alizarin red (ARS), a double emission probe p-CDs@ARS with fluorescence at 410 nm and 600 nm is designed for the detection of glyphosate. When Cu2+ is added, it binds with ARS to cause ARS release from p-CDs@ARS, which decreases the fluorescence at 600 nm. However, in the presence of glyphosate, glyphosate competes to the binding of Cu2+, releasing ARS to bind with p-CDs again. Therefore, the fluorescence of 600 nm recovers. Based on this, the fluorescence of 410 nm and 600 nm act as the reference and response signal, respectively, achieving the ratiometric fluorescence detection of glyphosate. The linear range of glyphosate detection is 0.5-50 µM with a limit of detection at 0.37 µM which is well below the maximum residue limit for glyphosate in food. When the probe is used to detect the glyphosate residue in Pearl River water and cucumber, the detection results are well consistent with those detected by HPLC. The established method based on p-CDs@ARS has the advantages that the assembly of ratiometric fluorescence probe is simple, and the detection speed is fast. Additionally, a typical INHIBIT logical system has been successfully constructed based on glyphosate, Cu2+, and the fluorescence signal of p-CDs@ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yujuan Cao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Manli Guo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaogang Hu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Bixia Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Masci M, Caproni R, Nevigato T. Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Glyphosate in Cereals Together with a Discussion of Its Occurrence, Accumulation, Fate, Degradation, and Regulatory Status. Methods Protoc 2024; 7:38. [PMID: 38804332 PMCID: PMC11130892 DOI: 10.3390/mps7030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Union's recent decision to renew the authorization for the use of glyphosate until 15 December 2033 has stimulated scientific discussion all around the world regarding its toxicity or otherwise for humans. Glyphosate is a chemical of which millions of tons have been used in the last 50 years worldwide to dry out weeds in cultivated fields and greenhouses and on roadsides. Concern has been raised in many areas about its possible presence in the food chain and its consequent adverse effects on health. Both aspects that argue in favor of toxicity and those that instead may indicate limited toxicity of glyphosate are discussed here. The widespread debate that has been generated requires further investigations and field measurements to understand glyphosate's fate once dispersed in the environment and its concentration in the food chain. Hence, there is a need for validated analytical methods that are available to analysts in the field. In the present review, methods for the analytical determination of glyphosate and its main metabolite, AMPA, are discussed, with a specific focus on chromatographic techniques applied to cereal products. The experimental procedures are explained in detail, including the cleanup, derivatization, and instrumental conditions, to give the laboratories involved enough information to proceed with the implementation of this line of analysis. The prevalent chromatographic methods used are LC-MS/MS, GC-MS/SIM, and GC-MS/MS, but sufficient indications are also given to those laboratories that wish to use the better performing high-resolution MS or the simpler HPLC-FLD, HPLC-UV, GC-NPD, and GC-FPD techniques for screening purposes. The concentrations of glyphosate from the literature measured in wheat, corn, barley, rye, oats, soybean, and cereal-based foods are reported, together with its regulatory status in various parts of the world and its accumulation mechanism. As for its accumulation in cereals, the available data show that glyphosate tends to accumulate more in wholemeal flours than in refined ones, that its concentration in the product strictly depends on the treatment period (the closer it is to the time of harvesting, the higher the concentration), and that in cold climates, the herbicide tends to persist in the soil for a long time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Masci
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy (T.N.)
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3
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Wang Y, Yu S, Li R, Wan J, Wang Y, Huo Z, Wu C, Mi L, Liu S. Simultaneous determination of three strong polarity herbicides in tea by ion chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464407. [PMID: 37748352 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Due to lack of chromogenic groups and fluorescence groups, high boiling point, high polarity, low volatility, and small molecular weight of glyphosate, glufosinate and bentazone, the detection of three analyses were limited in all kinds of food. Herein, a method for the simultaneous determination of glyphosate, glufosinate and bentazone in tea by ion chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (IC-MS) was developed, which is without organic solvent and complex derivatization. The recoveries of three compounds in different teas (black tea, green tea, white tea) ranged from 80.40 % to 107.00 %, and the intraday precision (n = 6) ranged from 0.57 % to 9.90 %, the daytime precision ranged from 1.00 % to 5.30 %, the quantitative limit (LOQ) ranged from 0.36 to 1.30 µg/L, and the detection limit (LOD) ranged from 0.11 to 0.39 µg/L. Furthermore, the detection limit and quantitative limit of glyphosate, glufosinate and bentazone by this method are lower than other methods in real samples. Meanwhile, the established method was successfully applied to determine the terminal residues of the three analytes in twelve tea samples from commercial market. Therefore, this method can provide reliable technical support for the study of residue status in vegetables and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Institute of Forensic Science and Technology of Nanjing Public Security Bureau, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Suhua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jing Wan
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- School of Investigation, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Zongli Huo
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.172 Jiangsu Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chunyong Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Li Mi
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Songqin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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4
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Morimoto T, Ito A, Tanimizu M. Simultaneous and sensitive analysis of glyphosate, glufosinate, and their metabolites in surface water by HPLC-ICP-MS/MS. ANAL SCI 2023:10.1007/s44211-023-00346-0. [PMID: 37099257 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00346-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus pesticides such as glyphosate and glufosinate are used worldwide, and environmental regulatory values are being adopted in many countries due to their potential toxicity. In the present work, a pretreatment-free analytical method is established in which these two compounds with their metabolites are isolated from each other by anion-exchange HPLC using ammonium acetate (70 mM, pH 3.7) as eluent, and they are detected by triple quadrupole ICP-MS. Very low detection limits of 0.03-0.17 μg L-1 are acquired through the detection of P+ as PO+ via oxygen reaction mode, and quantitative recovery was obtained from the spike-recovery test on river water samples containing phosphate ion as an isobaric interferent. In addition, a constant sensitivity per molar concentration was achieved regardless of the compounds due to the powerful ion source of ICP-MS. This property suggests that semi-quantitative analysis of unknown P-bearing compounds is possible from one calibration curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Morimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen-Uegahara-1, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1331, Japan.
| | - Akane Ito
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tanimizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen-Uegahara-1, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1331, Japan
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5
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Yan Z, Wang H, Wu S, Peng Z, Lai J, Qiu P. Bovine serum albumin-stabilized gold nanoclusters as fluorescent probe for enzyme-free detection of glyphosate. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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6
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Synthesis of Co-H2ABDC metal organic framework and finding their electrochemical non-enzymatic sensing properties. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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7
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Zambrano-Intriago LA, Amorim CG, Rodríguez-Díaz JM, Araújo AN, Montenegro MCBSM. Challenges in the design of electrochemical sensor for glyphosate-based on new materials and biological recognition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148496. [PMID: 34182449 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY) is the main ingredient in the weed killer Roundup and the most widely used pesticide in the world. Studies of the harmful effects of GLY on human health began to become more wide-ranging after 2015. GLY is listed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a carcinogenic hazard to humans. Moreover, GLY has the property to complex with transition metals and are stable for long periods, being considered a high-risk element for different matrices, such as environmental (soil and water) and food (usually genetically modified crops). Since that, it was noticed an increment in the development of new analytical methods for its determination in different matrices like food, environmental and biological fluids. Noteworthy, the application of electrochemical techniques for downstream detection sparked interest due to the ability to minimize or eliminate the use of polluting chemicals, using simple and affordable equipment. This work aims to review the contribution of the electroanalytical methods for the determination of GLY in different food and environmental matrices. Parameters such as the electrochemical transduction techniques based on the electrical measurement signals, receptor materials for electrodes preparation, and the detection mechanisms are described in this review. The literature review shows that the electrochemical sensors are powerful detection system that can be improved by their design and by their portability to fulfil the needs of the GLY determination in laboratory benches, or even in situ analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Angel Zambrano-Intriago
- LAQV-REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal; Laboratorio de Análisis Químicos y Biotecnológicos, Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador.
| | - Célia G Amorim
- LAQV-REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - Joan Manuel Rodríguez-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Análisis Químicos y Biotecnológicos, Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador; Departamento de Procesos Químicos, Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas, Físicas y Químicas, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador; Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
| | - Alberto N Araújo
- LAQV-REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - Maria C B S M Montenegro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
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8
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Delhomme O, Rodrigues A, Hernandez A, Chimjarn S, Bertrand C, Bourdat-Deschamps M, Fritsch C, Pelosi C, Nélieu S, Millet M. A method to assess glyphosate, glufosinate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in soil and earthworms. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462339. [PMID: 34161838 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A new sensitive and selective analytical methodology to quantify glyphosate (GLY), aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and glufosinate (GLU) in both soil and earthworms (Allolobophora chlorotica) was developed. The extraction and purification methods were optimized. The samples were extracted with various aqueous solutions (HNO3, H2O, KOH and borate buffer) and derivatized with 9-Fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOCCl). To optimize the extraction step, a method to remove the excess FMOCCl was applied based on liquid-liquid extraction with diethyl ether. The purification of derivatized extracts was carried out using XLB solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges before internal standard quantification by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The elution step was optimized to obtain the best recoveries possible, which was with acidic methanol (1% formic acid) (67% for GLY, 70% for GLU and 65% for AMPA). The extraction and purification method followed by analysis of the two herbicides and AMPA in soils using LC/MS/MS determined limit of quantification (LOQ) values of 0.030 μg g - 1 for GLY, 0.025 μg g - 1 for AMPA and 0.020 µg g - 1 for GLU . For earthworms, LOQ were 0.23 μg g - 1 for GLY, 0.20 μg g - 1 for AMPA and 0.12 μg g - 1 for GLU. . The developed method was applied to determine these compounds in natural soils and earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Delhomme
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7515, ICPEES, 67087, Strasbourg, France; Université de Lorraine, 57070, Metz, France
| | - Anaïs Rodrigues
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7515, ICPEES, 67087, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ana Hernandez
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7515, ICPEES, 67087, Strasbourg, France
| | - Supansa Chimjarn
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7515, ICPEES, 67087, Strasbourg, France
| | - Colette Bertrand
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78026, Versailles, France
| | | | - Clémentine Fritsch
- Laboratoire Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 CNRS - Université de Franche-Comté Usc INRAE, 16 route de Gray 25030 Besançon cedex, France
| | - Céline Pelosi
- INRAE, Avignon Université, UMR EMMAH, 84000, Avignon, France
| | - Sylvie Nélieu
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Maurice Millet
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7515, ICPEES, 67087, Strasbourg, France
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Hao Y, Zhang N, Xu W, Gao J, Zhang Y, Tao L. A natural adjuvant shows the ability to improve the effectiveness of glyphosate application. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2019; 44:106-111. [PMID: 31249469 PMCID: PMC6589406 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d18-066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is a common herbicide used worldwide, but its adjuvant has not been studied much. A new adjuvant A-178®, based on the coconut shell extracts, has been developed for glyphosate (glyphosate isopropylamine salt: GP). The potency of the new adjuvant was compared with traditional adjuvant polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA). Field study has shown that A-178® can improve the herbicidal effect of GP formulation, and, as compared with 41% GP mixed with 7% POEA (GPP), 41% GP mixed with 7% A-178® (recommended dose, GPA) is more effective for weed control. GPA improved herbicidal activity against GP alone by 79.27% and against GPP by 27.38% at 500 g a.i./ha. A-178® decreased the surface tension, increased the spreading area of GP, and improved the uptake of GP in cockspur (Echinochloa crus-galli L.). Our results indicated that the new adjuvant shows better ability to improve glyphosate efficacy than does POEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwu Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology
| | - Nan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology
| | - Jufang Gao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology
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10
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El-Gendy K, Mosallam E, Ahmed N, Aly N. Determination of glyphosate residues in Egyptian soil samples. Anal Biochem 2018; 557:1-6. [PMID: 30003881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive linker-assisted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (L'ELISA) was developed for the analysis of glyphosate in Egyptian soil samples. Polyclonal glyphosate antibodies were produced from rabbits immunized with glyphosate protein conjugate. The conjugate was prepared by activating the carboxylic groups of proteins; thyroglobulin or bovine serum albumin with 1-ethyl-3- (3-diaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide followed by directly coupled to the amino group of glyphosate. The L'ELISA used succinic anhydride to derivatize glyphosate, which mimics the epitopic attachment of glyphosate to thyroglobulin. L'ELISA recognized the derivatized glyphosate with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.8 ng g-1 and sensitivity (IC50 value) of 0.018 μg g-1. The recovery values of the spiked soil samples with different concentrations of glyphosate were in the range of 87.4-97.2%. Good correlation was achieved between L'ELISA and conventional high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. This study demonstrated the utility and convenience of the sensitive, simple, practical and cost-effective L'ELISA method for glyphosate analysis in soil samples. Also, it is ideal for rapid screening of a large number of environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawther El-Gendy
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Eman Mosallam
- Department of Mammalian Toxicology, Central Agricultural Pesticide Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nabila Ahmed
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nagat Aly
- Department of Mammalian Toxicology, Central Agricultural Pesticide Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt.
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11
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Vaghela C, Kulkarni M, Haram S, Aiyer R, Karve M. A novel inhibition based biosensor using urease nanoconjugate entrapped biocomposite membrane for potentiometric glyphosate detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:32-40. [PMID: 29174355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A potentiometric biosensor based on agarose-guar gum (A-G) entrapped bio-nanoconjugate of urease with gold nanoparticles (AUNps), has been reported for the first time for glyphosate detection. The biosensor is based on inhibition of urease activity by glyphosate, which was measured by direct potentiometry using ammonium ion selective electrode covered with A-G-urease nanoconjugate membrane. TEM and FTIR analysis revealed nanoconjugate formation and its immobilization in A-G matrix respectively. The composite biopolymer employed for immobilization yields thin, transparent, flexible membrane having superior mechanical strength and stability. It retains the maximum activity (92%) of urease with negligible leaching. The conjugation of urease with AUNps allows improvement in response characteristics for potentiometric measurement. The biosensor shows a linear response in the glyphosate concentration range from 0.5ppm-50ppm, with limit of detection at 0.5ppm, which covers maximum residual limit set by WHO for drinking water. The inhibition of catalytic activity of urease nanoconjugate by gyphosate was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The response of fabricated biosensor is selective towards glyphosate as against various other pesticides. The biosensor exhibits good performance in terms of reproducibility and prolonged storage stability of 180days. Thus, the present biosensor provides an alternative method for simple, selective and cost effective detection of glyphosate based on urease inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetana Vaghela
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Mohan Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Santosh Haram
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Rohini Aiyer
- Center for Sensor Studies, Department of Electronic Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Meena Karve
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhid Road, Pune, 411007, India.
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Wang D, Lin B, Cao Y, Guo M, Yu Y. A Highly Selective and Sensitive Fluorescence Detection Method of Glyphosate Based on an Immune Reaction Strategy of Carbon Dot Labeled Antibody and Antigen Magnetic Beads. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6042-50. [PMID: 27403652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive fluorescence detection method for glyphosate (GLY) was established based on immune reaction. First, carbon dot labeled antibodies (lgG-CDs) which were able to specifically identify glyphosate were prepared with the environmentally friendly carbon dots (CDs) and glyphosate antibody (lgG). lgG-CDs could be used to in situ visualize the distribution of glyphosate in plant tissues. In order to eliminate the effects of excess lgG-CDs on the determination of GLY, antigen magnetic beads Fe3O4-GLY based on magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 and glyphosate were constructed and utilized to couple with the excess lgG-CDs. After magnetic separation to remove antigen magnetic beads, there was a linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity of lgG-CDs and the logarithmic concentration of glyphosate in the range of 0.01-80 μg/mL with a detection limit of 8 ng/mL. The method was used for the detection of glyphosate in Pearl River water, tea, and soil samples with satisfactory recovery ratio between 87.4% and 103.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, South China Normal University, Guangzhou , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Bixia Lin
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, South China Normal University, Guangzhou , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yujuan Cao
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, South China Normal University, Guangzhou , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Manli Guo
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, South China Normal University, Guangzhou , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Yu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, South China Normal University, Guangzhou , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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Gomez-Caballero A, Diaz-Diaz G, Bengoetxea O, Quintela A, Unceta N, Goicolea MA, Barrio RJ. Water compatible stir-bar devices imprinted with underivatised glyphosate for selective sample clean-up. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1451:23-32. [PMID: 27207580 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the development of stir bars with a new MIP based coating, for the selective sorptive extraction of the herbicide glyphosate (GLYP). Molecular imprinting of the polymer has directly been carried out employing underivatised GLYP as the template molecule. Due to the poor solubility of the target compound in organic solvents, the MIP methodology has been optimised for rebinding in aqueous media, being the synthesis and the rebinding steps carried out in water:methanol mixtures and pure aqueous media. The coating has been developed by radical polymerisation initiated by UV energy, using N-allylthiourea and 2-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate as functional monomers and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linker. Mechanical stability of the coating has been improved using 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane in the polymerisation mixture. Under the optimised conditions, the MIP has demonstrated excellent selectivity for the target compound in the presence of structural analogues, including its major metabolites. The applicability of the proposed method to real matrices has also been assessed using river water and soil samples. Registered mean recoveries ranged from 90.6 to 97.3% and RSD values were below 5% in all cases, what confirmed the suitability of the described methodology for the selective extraction and quantification of GLYP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Gomez-Caballero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Goretti Diaz-Diaz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Olatz Bengoetxea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Amaia Quintela
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Nora Unceta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - M Aranzazu Goicolea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ramón J Barrio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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14
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Determination of Underivatized Glyphosate Residues in Plant-Derived Food with Low Matrix Effect by Solid Phase Extraction-Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0468-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Koskinen WC, Marek LJ, Hall KE. Analysis of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in water, plant materials and soil. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2016; 72:423-32. [PMID: 26454260 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for simple, fast, efficient and sensitive methods of analysis for glyphosate and its degradate aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in diverse matrices such as water, plant materials and soil to facilitate environmental research needed to address the continuing concerns related to increasing glyphosate use. A variety of water-based solutions have been used to extract the chemicals from different matrices. Many methods require extensive sample preparation, including derivatization and clean-up, prior to analysis by a variety of detection techniques. This review summarizes methods used during the past 15 years for analysis of glyphosate and AMPA in water, plant materials and soil. The simplest methods use aqueous extraction of glyphosate and AMPA from plant materials and soil, no derivatization, solid-phase extraction (SPE) columns for clean-up, guard columns for separation and confirmation of the analytes by mass spectrometry and quantitation using isotope-labeled internal standards. They have levels of detection (LODs) below the regulatory limits in North America. These methods are discussed in more detail in the review.
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16
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The role of derivatization techniques in the analysis of glyphosate and aminomethyl-phosphonic acid by chromatography. Microchem J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Chen MX, Cao ZY, Jiang Y, Zhu ZW. Direct determination of glyphosate and its major metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid, in fruits and vegetables by mixed-mode hydrophilic interaction/weak anion-exchange liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1272:90-9. [PMID: 23261284 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel method was developed for the direct, sensitive, and rapid determination of glyphosate and its major metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in fruit and vegetable samples by mixed-mode hydrophilic interaction/weak anion-exchange liquid chromatography (HILIC/WAX) coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Homogenized samples were extracted with water, without derivatization or further clean-up, and the extracts were injected directly onto the Asahipak NH2P-50 4E column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm). The best results were obtained when the column was operated under mixed-mode HILIC/WAX elution conditions. An initial 10-min washing step with acetonitrile/water (10:90, v/v) in HILIC mode was used to remove potentially interfering compounds, and then the analytes were eluted in WAX mode with acetonitrile and water containing 0.1 molL(-1) ammonium hydroxide under gradient elution for the ESI analysis in negative ion mode. Limits of quantification of glyphosate and AMPA were 5 μgkg(-1) and 50 μgkg(-1), respectively, with limits of detection as low as 1.2 μgkg(-1) for glyphosate and 15 μgkg(-1) for AMPA. The linearity was satisfactory, with correlation coefficients (r)>0.9966. Recovery studies were carried out on spiked matrices (6 vegetables, 3 fruits) with glyphosate at four concentrations and AMPA at three concentrations. The mean recoveries for glyphosate and AMPA were 75.3-110% and 76.1-110%, respectively, with relative standard deviations in the range of 1.1-13.8%. The intra-day precision (n=7) for glyphosate and AMPA in vegetable and fruit samples spiked at an intermediate level between 5.9% and 7.5%, and the inter-day precision over 11 days (n=11) was between 7.0% and 13%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xue Chen
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
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18
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Silva AS, Tóth IV, Pezza L, Pezza HR, Lima JLFC. Determination of glyphosate in water samples by multi-pumping flow system coupled to a liquid waveguide capillary cell. ANAL SCI 2011; 27:1031-6. [PMID: 21985928 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
A simple screening method was developed for the determination of glyphosate in water samples using a multi-pumping flow system. The proposed method is based on the reaction between glyphosate and p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (p-DAC), in an acid medium where the reaction product can be measured spectrophotometrically at λ(max) = 495 nm. An experimental design methodology was used to optimize the measurement conditions. The proposed method was applied to the determination of glyphosate in water samples in a concentration range from 0.5 to 10 µg mL(-1). The limit of detection and quantification were 0.17 and 0.53 µg mL(-1), respectively. The results obtained (88.5 to 104.5%) in recovery studies for the determination of glyphosate in different water samples indicated good accuracy and no matrix effect for the developed method. Samples were also analyzed by a confirmatory HPLC method, and agreement within the two set of results was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline S Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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19
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Jan MR, Shah J, Muhammad M, Ara B. Glyphosate herbicide residue determination in samples of environmental importance using spectrophotometric method. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 169:742-5. [PMID: 19411135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Revised: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A simple selective spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of glyphosate herbicide in environmental and biological samples. Glyphosate was reacted with carbon disulphide to form dithiocarbamic acid which was further followed for complex formation with copper in the presence of ammonia. The absorbance of the resulting yellow coloured copper dithiocarbamate complex was measured at 435 nm with molar absorptivity of 1.864 x 10(3) L mol(-1)cm(-1).The analytical parameters were optimized and Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 1.0-70 microg mL(-1). The composition ratio of the complex was glyphosate: copper (2:1) as established by Job's method with a formation constant of 1.06 x 10(5). Glyphosate was satisfactorily determined with limit of detection and quantification of 1.1 and 3.7 microg mL(-1), respectively. The investigated method was applied successfully to the environmental samples. Recovery values in soil, wheat grains and water samples were found to be 80.0+/-0.46 to 87.0+/-0.28%, 95.0+/-0.88 to 102.0+/-0.98% and 85.0+/-0.68 to 92.0+/-0.37%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rasul Jan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, NWFP 25210, Pakistan
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20
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Qian K, Tang T, Shi T, Li P, Li J, Cao Y. Solid-phase extraction and residue determination of glyphosate in apple by ion-pairing reverse-phase liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:2394-400. [PMID: 19551741 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
A new method for glyphosate residue determination in apple has been developed. A SPE cartridge was used to clean up the samples before derivatization. Glyphosate was derivatized with 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzotrifluoride (CNBF) and quantified by reverse ion-pair liquid chromatography using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as ion-pair reagent. In pH 9.5 H(3)BO(3)-Na(2)B(4)O(7) medium, the reaction of glyphosate with CNBF was complete after 30 min at 60 degrees C. The stability of the derivative on exposure to light at room temperature in methanol-water was demonstrated. The labeled glyphosate was separated on a Kromasil C(18) column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) at room temperature and UV detection was applied at 360 nm. Separation was achieved within 15 min in gradient elution mode. The correlation coefficient for the method was 0.9998 at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 50 microg/g. The calculated recoveries for glyphosate in apple were from 86.00 to 99.55%, and the relative standard deviations (n = 6) were from 1.43 to 6.32. The limit of detection was 0.01 microg/g for glyphosate in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qian
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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