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Wu F, Chen X, Yang S, Lv X, Han F, Xiang H. Editorial: Intervertebral disc degeneration: mechanisms and therapeutics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1401933. [PMID: 38706798 PMCID: PMC11067523 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1401933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Futong Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Sidong Yang
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiao Lv
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Felicity Han
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hongfei Xiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Niaradi FDSL, Niaradi MFDSL, Gasparetto MERF. Effect of Eutony, Holistic Gymnastics and Pilates on hamstring flexibility and back pain in pre-adolescent girls: Randomized clinical trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 38:289-298. [PMID: 38763572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Eutony, Holistic Gymnastics, and Pilates on hamstring flexibility and back pain in pre-adolescent girls. METHODS This randomized prospective quantitative clinical trial compared the effects of Eutony, Holistic Gymnastics, and Pilates on hamstring flexibility and back pain. The sample consisted of 80 pre-adolescent girls aged 10-13 years and divided into three groups: Eutony, with 26 girls; Holistic Gymnastics, 27 girls; and Pilates, 27 girls. The participants underwent ten 1-h weekly interventions. Hamstring flexibility was evaluated using fingertip-to-floor, sit-and-reach, and hip angle tests; back pain was evaluated using the Body Posture Evaluation Instrument questionnaire and the way they carried their backpack by the Layout for Assessing Dynamic Posture. Descriptive statistical analysis, analysis of variance, and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed at a 5 % significance level (p < 0.05). RESULTS The three body practices increased hamstring flexibility in all fingertip-to-floor (7.77 cm), hip angle (5.58°), and sit-and-reach evaluations (9.07 cm). Before the intervention, 66.25 % of participants complained of back pain. After the intervention, only 37.50 % continued with the complaint. Moreover, 25 % of pre-adolescent girls started to carry their school backpack correctly. CONCLUSION Eutony, Holistic Gymnastics, and Pilates increased hamstring flexibility, reduced back pain complaints, and incentivized the girls to carry the school backpack correctly. REGISTRY OF CLINICAL TRIALS Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials ReBEC (RBR-25w6kk).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Dos Santos Lopes Niaradi
- Human and Rehabilitation Department: Graduate Program in Health, Interdisciplinarity and Rehabilitation from the Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maíra Fonseca Dos Santos Lopes Niaradi
- Human and Rehabilitation Department: Graduate Program in Health, Interdisciplinarity and Rehabilitation from the Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisabete Rodrigues Freire Gasparetto
- Medical Sciences from the State University of Campinas, Professor at The Department of Human Development and Rehabilitation of the Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Health and Rehabilitation of the Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Manique L, Paulo R, Ramalho A, Duarte-Mendes P, Petrica J, Serrano J. Physical fitness in children in Cabo Verde: differences between gender, eutrophic vs. overweight subjects, and practitioners vs. non-practitioners of sports. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2024; 76:217-226. [PMID: 33820413 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.21.06020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few or even rare studies conducted in Cabo Verde (Republic of Cabo Verde) that address the issue of physical fitness and body composition in the juvenile population. This investigation aims to study the physical fitness in children in Cabo Verde: differences between gender, eutrophic, and overweight subjects, between practitioners and non-practitioners of sports. METHODS The sample consisted of 93 individuals aged between 10 and 15 years, from the 2nd and 3rd cycles and secondary school of the Portuguese College based in Cabo Verde. The instruments used for data collection were the FITescola® test battery (Lisboa, Portugal), and the questionnaire Quantification de l'activite physique en altitude chez les enfants (QAPACE) for assessment of physical activity level. Regarding the statistical analysis using the SPSS 23.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), the first analysis was performed to verify the distribution of the sample (Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and Shapiro-Wilk Test). Then, for variables with normal distribution we used the t-test and for the remaining variables with non-normal distribution we used the Mann-Whitney Test, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Gender differences were found, in which the male gender obtained more favorable mean values in the "sit-ups," "push-ups," "horizontal impulsion," "shuttle" and "agility" variables, while the females showed superiority in the variables "sit and reach;" differences between the eutrophic and overweight group where, as expected, more favorable mean values for eutrophics than the overweight group in all PF tests. Finally, differences between practitioners and non-practitioners of sports, with the best results being attributed to practitioners of sports. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that male subjects have greater proficiency in strength and aerobic fitness tests while female subjects have greater flexibility. High BMI values in overweight children have been found to be associated with increased abdominal fat as well as a reduction in overall PF. As expected, sports practitioners show better results in motor performance on PF tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Manique
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Rui Paulo
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal -
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Research in Education and Community Intervention (RECI), Almada, Portugal
| | - André Ramalho
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Pedro Duarte-Mendes
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Research in Education and Community Intervention (RECI), Almada, Portugal
| | - João Petrica
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - João Serrano
- Department of Sport and Wellbeing, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Castelo Branco, Portugal
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Guan X, Zhang D, Zhang F, Zong Y, Wang H, Shen Z, Yin F. Causal association of physical activity with low back pain, intervertebral disc degeneration and sciatica: a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis study. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1260001. [PMID: 38020887 PMCID: PMC10665496 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1260001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Previous studies are insufficient to confirm a causal association between physical activity (PA) and low back pain (LBP), intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), and sciatica. The present study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis method to demonstrate whether or not there was a causal connection. Methods: First, four PA phenotypes were selected [accelerometer-based PA (average acceleration), accelerometer-based PA (acceleration fraction >425 mg), self-reported moderate-to-vigorous PA, and self-reported vigorous PA], setting thresholds for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly concerned with PA p < 5 × 10-8, linkage disequilibrium (LD) r 2 < 0.01, genetic distance >5,000 kb, and F-value >10. SNPs associated with the outcome and confounding factors were then excluded using the PhenoScanncer database. Finally, after coordinating the genetic instruments from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) effect alleles for exposure and outcomes, multiplicative random effects inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median method (WMM), and weighted mode method were used to assess exposure-outcome causality and perform sensitivity analysis on the estimated results. Results: The current study's IVW findings revealed proof of a causal connection between PA and LBP. While there was a positive causal tie between accelerometer-based PA (acceleration fraction >425 mg) and LBP [OR: 1.818, 95% CI:1.129-2.926, p = 0.012], there was a negative causal link between accelerometer-based PA (average acceleration) and LBP [OR: 0.945, 95% CI: 0.909-0.984, p = 0.005]. However causal relationship between PA and IDD or sciatica was not found. Conclusion: Increasing average PA but needing to avoid high-intensity PA may be an effective means of preventing low back pain. Although PA is not directly causally related to disc degeneration and sciatica, it can act through indirect pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fei Yin
- Departments of Orthopedics Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Tsang SMH, Cheing GLY, Chan JWK. Severity of slouched posture during smartphone use is associated with the musculoskeletal discomfort, daily usage, and school year among adolescents. ERGONOMICS 2023; 66:1340-1353. [PMID: 36352815 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2146208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Real-time measurement of the craniovertebral, thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis angles during natural and smartphone usage postures in sitting were analysed in a cohort of 560 adolescents using independent t-tests and Spearman's correlations between their reported musculoskeletal symptoms, daily device use and school year. Students with musculoskeletal symptoms (mean difference: 4.1-9.4°, p < .001) and in secondary schools (mean difference: 13.6-29.4°, p < .001) had a greater forward-head posture quantified by craniovertebral angle in both postures. Loss of lumbar lordosis was found in students spending ≥2 h/day on electronic devices (mean difference: 3.2°, p = .029) and those with musculoskeletal symptoms (mean difference: 5.4°, p = .001). Secondary school students exhibited a greater thoracic kyphosis when using smartphones (mean difference: 3.3°, p = .003). Findings suggest the urgent need for early and proactive intervention targeted to minimise the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders related to intense device use for young adolescents.Practitioner Summary: Adolescents: (1) in higher school year had increased forward-head posture (FHP) and thoracic kyphosis; (2) with musculoskeletal symptoms had increased FHP and loss of lumbar lordosis, and; (3) with extended device use had a loss of lumbar lordosis. Early intervention targeting young adolescents promoting optimal posture and habit of device use is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon M H Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gladys L Y Cheing
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jess W K Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Repová K, Čief L. Fascial manipulation and its application for low back pain treatment. SLOVAK JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.24040/sjss.2022.8.2.2-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain is one of the most common musculosceletal disorder and it has multifactorial etiology. It is considered to be the leading cause of global disability. It is the most frequent cause of activity limitation that can, eventually, result in disability, decreased quality of life, and work absenteeism. Low back pain manifests in different forms - acute, subacute and chronic. Within clinical examination it is a collected anamnesis, a general examination and functional testing from each patient. The importance of physical activity in the treatment of low back pain is generally accepted. However, an increase in physical activity has been suggested to be both a preventive factor and a possible risk factor for low back pain. There is an evidence for an association between high physical workloads and back injury. Treatment of low back pain includes many different types of exercises and physical therapy. Fascial manipulations has showed a great effectiveness in the treatment of low back pain in the general population, but also among the athletes.
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Calcaterra V, Marin L, Vandoni M, Rossi V, Pirazzi A, Grazi R, Patané P, Silvestro GS, Carnevale Pellino V, Albanese I, Fabiano V, Febbi M, Silvestri D, Zuccotti G. Childhood Obesity and Incorrect Body Posture: Impact on Physical Activity and the Therapeutic Role of Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16728. [PMID: 36554608 PMCID: PMC9779104 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with various dysfunctions of the organism, including musculoskeletal problems. In this narrative review, we aim to consider postural problems in children and adolescents with obesity, focusing on the relationship with its negative impact on physical activity, and to discuss the role of exercise as a therapeutic approach. The body reacts to excess weight by changing its normal balance, and the somatosensory system of children with obesity is forced to make major adjustments to compensate for postural problems. These adaptations become more difficult and tiring if activities that require continuous postural changes and multi-tasking are engaged in. Children with obesity have less body control and functional ability due to the excess fat mass, which reduces their ability to perform motor skills and take part in physical activity. Appropriate early interventions for the management of musculoskeletal problems are needed to ensure healthy growth and to prevent comorbidities in childhood and adulthood. Prevention programs must be based not only on the reduction of body weight but also on the definition of correct postural habits from an early age. It is equally important to provide correct information on the types and doses of physical activity that can help prevent these problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Marin
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Rehabilitation, Città di Pavia Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Research Department-LJA-2021, Asomi College of Sciences, 2080 Marsa, Malta
| | - Matteo Vandoni
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Agnese Pirazzi
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Grazi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Patané
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Research Department-LJA-2021, Asomi College of Sciences, 2080 Marsa, Malta
| | | | - Vittoria Carnevale Pellino
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Albanese
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Fabiano
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Febbi
- Laboratory for Rehabilitation, Medicine and Sport (LARM), 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Silvestri
- Research Department-LJA-2021, Asomi College of Sciences, 2080 Marsa, Malta
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
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Influence of forward head posture on muscle activation pattern of the trapezius pars descendens muscle in young adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19484. [PMID: 36376467 PMCID: PMC9662113 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Forward head posture (FHP) is a serious problem causing head and neck disability, but the characteristics of muscle activity during long-term postural maintenance are unclear. This study aimed to investigate a comparison of electromyography (EMG) activation properties and subjective fatigue between young adults with and without habitual FHP. In this study, we examined the changes in the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of muscle activity using high-density surface EMG (HD-SEMG) in addition to mean frequency, a conventional measure of muscle fatigue. Nineteen male participants were included in the study (FHP group (n = 9; age = 22.3 ± 1.5 years) and normal group (n = 10; age = 22.5 ± 1.4 years)). Participants held three head positions (e.g., forward, backward, and neutral positions) for a total of 30 min each, and the EMG activity of the trapezius pars descendens muscle during posture maintenance was measured by HD-SEMG. The root mean square (RMS), the modified entropy, and the correlation coefficient were calculated. Additionally, the visual analogue scale (VAS) was evaluated to assess subjective fatigue. The RMS, VAS, modified entropy, and correlation coefficients were significantly higher in the FHP group than in the normal group (p < 0.001). With increasing postural maintenance time, the modified entropy and correlation coefficient values significantly decreased, and the mean frequency and VAS values significantly increased (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the forward position had significantly higher RMS, correlation coefficient, modified entropy, and VAS values than in the neutral position (p < 0.001). The HD-SEMG potential distribution patterns in the FHP group showed less heterogeneity and greater muscle activity in the entire muscle and subjective fatigue than those in the normal group. Excess muscle activity even in the neutral/comfortable position in the FHP group could potentially be a mechanism of neuromuscular conditions in this population.
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Pirnes KP, Kallio JJ, Hakonen HJ, Hautala AJ, Joensuu L, Häkkinen AH, Tammelin TH. Physical fitness characteristics and neck and shoulder pain incidence in school-aged children-A 2-year follow-up. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e852. [PMID: 36248347 PMCID: PMC9547342 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Neck and shoulder pain (NSP) is common in school age, but preventative factors have not been identified. The purpose was to study whether a fitness test could be used to predict the incidence of NSP and determine whether good physical fitness characters would be associated with lower NSP incidence in school-aged children at 2-year follow-up. Methods After the invitation to nine schools, 970 children (10-15 years old) agreed to participate. Flexibility, fundamental movement skills, musculoskeletal fitness, and cardiorespiratory fitness measurements included in Finnish Schools on the Move! monitoring system for physical functional capacity were measured at baseline in 2013. The NSP incidence was assessed by an online survey during school hours after 1 and 2 years. Logistic regression was used to analyze associations between physical fitness characteristics and NSP incidence. Results The mean prevalence of NSP was 26% at baseline. The NSP incidence was 15% in the first and 18% in the second follow-up year. Good physical fitness was not associated with lower NSP incidence in the 2-year follow-up. Successful lower back extension (odds ratio [OR] = 2.83) and good scores in curl-up (OR = 1.80) adjusted with age, gender, and body mass index, were associated with higher NSP incidence between T0 and T2. Throwing-catching combination (OR = 0.55) was associated with a lower NSP incidence in unadjusted analysis, but the association did not remain after adjustments. Conclusion Good physical fitness characteristics were not consistently associated with a lower NSP incidence in school-aged children in a 2-year follow-up. The role of general field-based physical fitness test as a screening tool for NSP incidence remains unconfirmed. More longitudinal studies are needed to detect the factors underlying NSP incidence in school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jouni Juhani Kallio
- Likes, School of Health and Social StudiesJamk University of Applied SciencesJyväskyläFinland
| | - Harto Juho Hakonen
- Likes, School of Health and Social StudiesJamk University of Applied SciencesJyväskyläFinland
| | - Arto Jorma Hautala
- Faculty of Sport and Health SciencesUniversity of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland
| | - Laura Joensuu
- Faculty of Sport and Health SciencesUniversity of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland
| | | | - Tuija Heini Tammelin
- Likes, School of Health and Social StudiesJamk University of Applied SciencesJyväskyläFinland
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Štefan L, Neljak B, Petrić V, Kasović M, Vespalec T. Normative Data for Musculoskeletal Fitness in 13,217 Children and Adolescents: The Croatian Fitness (CROFIT) Study. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2022; 93:528-536. [PMID: 34663188 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1873903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to establish normative data for health-related musculoskeletal fitness. Method: We recruited 13,217 children and adolescents aged 11-18 years (6,181 boys and 7,036 girls; 57% of girls). To evaluate musculoskeletal fitness, the following field tests were applied: standing broad jump (cm), sprint 20 m (sec), medicine-ball throw (dm), sit-ups in one minute (#), sit-ups in one minute (short, #), and squats in one minute (#). Curves for the 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th (median), 60th, 70th, 80th, and 90th percentiles were calculated using the Lambda (L), Mu (M), and Sigma (S) method. The LMS method assumes that the data can be normalized by using a power transformation and removing the skewness. Results: Median scores for standing broad jump, sprint 20 m, medicine-ball throw, sit-ups in one minute, sit-ups in one minute (short) and squats in one minute were 185.00 cm, 3.66 sec, 80.00 dm, 46.00 x, 56.00 x and 49 x in boys and 160.00 cm, 4.01 sec, 60.00 dm, 40.00 x, 49.00 and 43 x in girls. Effect sizes (ES) showed that boys performed better in all physical fitness tests (ES = 0.50-1.05), compared to girls. In general, age-related physical fitness changes showed the plateau between ages 15 and 16 in boys, while in girls, the plateau was reached at the age of 14. Conclusions: This study shows standards for musculoskeletal tests in youth.
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Pirnes KP, Kallio J, Hakonen H, Hautala A, Häkkinen AH, Tammelin T. Physical activity, screen time and the incidence of neck and shoulder pain in school-aged children. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10635. [PMID: 35739157 PMCID: PMC9226018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14612-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity, sedentary time and screen time with the incidence of neck and shoulder pain in school-aged children over a two-year follow-up. Children (aged 10–15) were measured at baseline 2013 (T0) (n = 970) and at follow-ups 2014 (T1) and 2015 (T2). Neck and shoulder pain frequency and screen time were determined with a web-based questionnaire. Daytime moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time were measured with an accelerometer. Logistic regression was applied, and the results were adjusted for age, gender, body mass index and bedtime. Accelerometer-measured physical activity or sedentary time at baseline were not associated with the incidence of neck and shoulder pain at the two-year follow-up. Associations of neck and shoulder pain incidence with overall screen time (p = 0.020), and especially with passive gaming time (p = 0.036) and social media time (p = 0.023) were found at the first but not the second follow-up. The neck and shoulder pain incidence associated with overall screen time, passive gaming time and social media time at the first follow-up. The importance of limiting screen time, should be explored in order to find new approaches in preventing neck and shoulder pain in school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katariina Pauliina Pirnes
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Jouni Kallio
- JAMK University of Applied Sciences, LIKES. Piippukatu 2, 40100, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Harto Hakonen
- JAMK University of Applied Sciences, LIKES. Piippukatu 2, 40100, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arto Hautala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arja Helena Häkkinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuija Tammelin
- JAMK University of Applied Sciences, LIKES. Piippukatu 2, 40100, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Menezes GB, Alexandre DRO, Pinto JCBL, Assis TVL, Faigenbaum AD, Mortatti AL. Effects of Integrative Neuromuscular Training on Motor Performance in Prepubertal Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res 2022; 36:1667-1674. [PMID: 32796417 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Menezes, GB, Alexandre, DR, Pinto, JC, Assis, TV, Faigenbaum, AD, and Mortatti, AL. Effects of integrative neuromuscular training on motor performance in prepubertal soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1667-1674, 2022-The present study examined the effects of integrative neuromuscular training (INT) on motor performance in prepubertal soccer players. Subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental group (INT; n = 20, age: 8.2 ± 1.2 years; body mass: 28.4 ± 6.4 kg; height: 1.3 ± 0.1 m) or the control group (CON; n = 18, age: 8.5 ± 1.3 years; body mass: 32.8 ± 8.9 kg; height: 1.3 ± 0.1 m). Integrative neuromuscular training program was performed twice per week during the 12-week training intervention. Balance, flexibility, countermovement vertical jump height (CVJH), sprint speed, and change of direction speed (CODS) were assessed in both groups at baseline, sixth week and 12th week. A mixed model repeated measures analysis of variance was used to examine the group changes in performance for each variable. There was a time effect for balance in the INT from pre to 12th weeks (p < 0.001, g = 0.72), and from 6th to 12th weeks (p = 0.005, g = 0.34). An interaction effect for balance was also observed between INT and CON after the 12th week. A time effect in flexibility was observed in INT from baseline to 6th and 12th weeks (p = 0.02; g = 0.45 and p < 0.001; g = 0.71) and from 6 to 12th weeks (p = 0.003; g = 0.24). There was a time effect in CVJH, from baseline to 12th week and from 6th to 12th weeks (p < 0.05; g = 0.34 and g = 0.53, respectively). There was no significant between-group speed performance change. A time effect was found in CODS in INT, but only from baseline to 12th week (p = 0.02; g = 0.31). There were significant improvements in the percent change (Δ%) from baseline to 12 weeks (p < 0.05) for balance, flexibility, and CVJH in INT. These findings indicate that the addition of an INT program to soccer practice can improve selected motor performance skills in prepubertal soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glauber B Menezes
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil ; and
| | - Diego R O Alexandre
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil ; and
| | - Júlio C B L Pinto
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil ; and
| | - Tereza V L Assis
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil ; and
| | - Avery D Faigenbaum
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey
| | - Arnaldo L Mortatti
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil ; and
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13
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New comprehensive clinical tests to measure endurance of back muscles and their comparison with the Sorenson’s test. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00880-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Benítez-Sillero JDD, Corredor-Corredor D, Ortega-Ruiz R, Córdoba-Alcaide F. Behaviours involved in the role of victim and aggressor in bullying: Relationship with physical fitness in adolescents. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259087. [PMID: 34735472 PMCID: PMC8568104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical fitness is related to well-being and health. Adolescence is a key period in the psychological and social development of the person, in which interpersonal relationships gain strength, being bullying a type of violence that can affect the personality of those involved. At present, there is not enough research to determine the relationships between bullying and physical condition. The purpose of this study is to find out if there are any relationships among physical fitness, victimisation, and aggression in bullying, and to identify these behaviours. This is a descriptive study done in 1035 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (M = 14.67, SD = 1.49). The European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (EBIPQ) scale was used, and anthropometric characteristics of weight and height were measured. In addition, physical fitness tests from the Eurofit battery, sit-and-reach, 30-second sit-ups, horizontal jump, manual dynamometry, and 20-meter Multistage Shuttle Run Test (SRT) were included. The relationships between variables were analysed using Spearman correlations, linear regressions, and ordinal regressions. The most relevant findings indicate an inverse relationship between being a victim of bullying and having a better cardiorespiratory cardiovascular endurance. These also show a direct relationship between being a bully and skeletal muscle strength measured through the horizontal jump, 30-second sit-ups, and manual dynamometry tests. Theoretically, we can conclude that physical condition can be considered a predictor to consider in bullying. Specifically, cardiorespiratory fitness, in addition to its multiple physical and mental benefits, may be a protective element against bullying victimisation. In contrast, muscular strength, especially in boys, may be an important predictor, especially in the physical component, of aggression in bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan de Dios Benítez-Sillero
- Department of Specific Didactic, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Laboratory for Studies on Coexistence and Prevention of Violence (LAECOVI), Cordoba, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Rosario Ortega-Ruiz
- Laboratory for Studies on Coexistence and Prevention of Violence (LAECOVI), Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Córdoba-Alcaide
- Laboratory for Studies on Coexistence and Prevention of Violence (LAECOVI), Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
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15
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Batıbay S, Külcü DG, Kaleoğlu Ö, Mesci N. Effect of Pilates mat exercise and home exercise programs on pain, functional level, and core muscle thickness in women with chronic low back pain. J Orthop Sci 2021; 26:979-985. [PMID: 33386201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2020.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the effects of Pilates exercise in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) by training core stabilization muscles in aspects such as: pain, functional level, depression, quality of life, and muscle thickness measured by Ultrasound Imaging (UI) and to compare it with home based exercise. METHODS A prospective, randomized-single blinded study included 60 female patients with CNLBP. Patients were randomized into Pilates (group 1) or home exercise group (group 2) three times/week for eight weeks. The evaluations were made at the beginning and end of the treatment. Outcome parameters were VAS, Oswestry Disability Index, Qubec Disability Scale, Short Form-36, Beck Depression Questionnaire, sit and reach, Modified Schöber and sit up tests. Multifidus and abdominal muscle thickness were measured by UI. RESULTS Significant improvement has been observed in all parameters in both groups. It was found that Group 1 was more effective in terms of all parameters (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both Pilates and home exercises are effective in treating patients with chronic low back pain. UI can be useful for evaluating the core muscle thickness progression of chronic low back pain patients who are undergoing exercise therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevilay Batıbay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Division of Rheumatology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Duygu Geler Külcü
- Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Kaleoğlu
- Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilgün Mesci
- Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Akbiyik F, Uysal Ö, Firat T, Bek N. Evaluation of work-related musculoskeletal problems in pediatric surgeons. Pediatr Surg Int 2021; 37:1333-1338. [PMID: 34043044 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-021-04928-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pediatric surgeons are exposed to intense work-related activities, depending on their profession, including residency training. This study aims to investigate the musculoskeletal symptoms and analyze the relationship between musculoskeletal symptoms and the demographics, physical activity levels, and body mass index (BMI) of pediatric surgeons. METHODS A total of 82 pediatric surgeons (female, 20; male, 62) were included in this study. The musculoskeletal symptoms were determined using the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. The levels of physical activity were determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 48.97 ± 8.894 years, the mean BMI was 26.72 ± 4.12 kg/m2, and the mean working time after acquiring their specialty was 18.65 ± 9.83 years. The average surgery counts per week were 15.22 ± 12.17. Pediatric surgeons mostly complained from lower back pain, upper back pain, neck pain, and right and left shoulder pain. Surgeons with higher BMI had higher pain scores and received more treatment sessions. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric surgeons' complaints are related to their total numbers of surgery. Higher BMI and lower physical activity seem to be the major contributing factors for developing musculoskeletal symptoms. The study results indicated that surgeons should keep their BMI levels to the optimum and increase their physical activity levels.
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17
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Lemes ÍR, Oliveira CB, Silva GCR, Pinto RZ, Tebar WR, Christofaro DG. Association of sedentary behavior and early engagement in physical activity with low back pain in adolescents: a cross-sectional epidemiological study. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2021; 31:152-158. [PMID: 34586504 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-021-07004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association of sedentary behavior and physical activity from childhood to adolescence with prevalence of low back pain in adolescents. In addition, we also explored whether sleep quality influences this association. METHODS This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study. Participants (aged 10-17 years) were recruited from public and private schools in Brazil. Sedentary behavior and previous and current engagement in physical activity were assessed through questionnaires. Low back pain and sleep quality were assessed by the Nordic questionnaire and Mini-Sleep Questionnaire, respectively. Sex, age, body mass index, abdominal obesity, socioeconomic status and sleep quality were used as potential confounders. Binary logistic regression models were used to generate values of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS A total of 1,001 (44,5% boys; n = 446) were included. Overall prevalence of low back pain was 18%, with higher rates among inactive and sedentary participants. Physical inactivity from childhood to adolescence in combination with high sedentary behavior doubled the likelihood of having low back pain (OR = 2.40 [95%CI: 1.38-4.18]), independent of potential confounders. Sleep quality attenuates, but not eliminates, this association (OR = 2.19 [95%CI: 1.25-3.84]). CONCLUSION Being inactive from childhood to adolescence in combination with high sedentary behavior is associated with low back pain in adolescents. Sleep quality seems to attenuate, but not eliminate, this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ítalo Ribeiro Lemes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Gabriela C R Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Zambelli Pinto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - William R Tebar
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego G Christofaro
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
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18
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Noll M, Kjaer P, Mendonça CR, Wedderkopp N. Motor performance and back pain in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Eur J Pain 2021; 26:77-102. [PMID: 34365693 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Motor performance during childhood and adolescence is recognized as a relevant determinant of present and future health, but its effects on back pain (BP) remain unclear. In this systematic review, we aimed to identify the association between motor performance and BP in children and adolescents. DATABASES AND DATA TREATMENT A literature search was performed in the MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL databases. We included cross-sectional, cohort, case-control and controlled clinical trials (data from control groups). The inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) participants aged 6-19 years; (b) assessment motor performance components; (c) assessment of BP and (d) reported measures of association. The risk of bias was assessed by the Downs and Black instrument and the quality of evidence by the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE). RESULTS A total of 2360 articles were identified, 25 of which were included in our systematic review. Of the 25 studies, 19 were evaluated as having a low risk of bias. GRADE indicated that 20 studies presented low or very low quality. Most of the studies evaluated flexibility (n = 16), muscle endurance (n = 18) and muscle strength (n = 9). Aerobic capacity, balance and speed were also examined in some studies (n < 5). Overall, motor performance (flexibility, muscle endurance, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, balance and speed) was not associated with BP. Most of the results were inconsistent because of the lack of studies, risk of bias and low quality of evidence. Only trunk extensor muscle endurance was associated with decreased BP with moderate quality of the supporting evidence. Prospective studies with a low risk of bias are warranted to further clarify this relationship in childhood and adolescence and findings may support more targeted and effective health promotion interventions. SIGNIFICANCE This systematic review shows that motor performance (flexibility, muscle endurance, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, balance and speed) was not associated with BP in children and adolescents. Most of the results were inconsistent because of the lack of studies, risk of bias and low quality of evidence. Only trunk extensor muscle endurance was associated with decreased BP with moderate quality of supporting evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Noll
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Ceres, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Per Kjaer
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Health Sciences Research Centre, UCL University College, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Wedderkopp
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Sports Medicine Clinic, Orthopedic Department, Hospital of Lillebaelt, Odense, Denmark
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19
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Kim ID, Cho JH, Lim ST. A Factual Survey on the Injury of Youth Athletes for Prevention and Management. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:1724-1725. [PMID: 34917545 PMCID: PMC8643523 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i8.6821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The article's abstract is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Dong Kim
- Changduk Girls’ High School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Cho
- Department of Sport and Leisure Studies, Shingyeong University, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Taek Lim
- Olympic Studies Center, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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20
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Zhang F, Bi C, Yin X, Chen Q, Liu Y, Li Y, Sun Y, Zhang T, Yang X, Li M. Roles of age, sex, and weight status in the muscular fitness of Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents living at altitudes over 3600 m: A cross-sectional study. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34:e23624. [PMID: 34166556 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the role of age, sex, and weight status in the development of muscular fitness in a large sample of Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents aged 7-18 years living in areas over 3600 m. METHOD A sample of 4673 Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents aged 7-18 years were recruited from 21 schools in three cities (Lhasa, Naqu, and Anduo) of Tibet, China. Grip strength, standing long jump, 30-s sit-ups, and 50-m dash were conducted to determine muscular fitness. Independent sample t tests were conducted to compare muscular fitness between boys and girls for each age group. The changes in mean scores on each muscular fitness test were estimated. The influence of weight status on muscular strength level was also estimated using one-way ANOVA and LSD tests. We also compared the average muscular fitness between Chinese Tibetan and Chinese average level. RESULTS The muscular fitness of Chinese Tibetan boys aged 7-18 years was higher than that of girls, with older children outperforming younger children. Among the Chinese Tibetan boys, those in the normal-weight group showed the best performance, whereas overweight group showed the best performance among the girls. The performance of Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents in standing long jump and 50-m dash was lower while that in sit-ups was higher than the performance of their Chinese counterparts. CONCLUSION Chinese Tibetan children and adolescents have relatively strong abdominal strength, but lower limb strength, which needs to be improved. Age, sex, and weight status should be considered when designing interventions to improve muscular fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cunjian Bi
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Abstract
Flexibility refers to the intrinsic properties of body tissues that determine maximal joint range of motion without causing injury. For many years, flexibility has been classified by the American College of Sports Medicine as a major component of physical fitness. The notion flexibility is important for fitness has also led to the idea static stretching should be prescribed to improve flexibility. The current paper proposes flexibility be retired as a major component of physical fitness, and consequently, stretching be de-emphasized as a standard component of exercise prescriptions for most populations. First, I show flexibility has little predictive or concurrent validity with health and performance outcomes (e.g., mortality, falls, occupational performance) in apparently healthy individuals, particularly when viewed in light of the other major components of fitness (i.e., body composition, cardiovascular endurance, muscle endurance, muscle strength). Second, I explain that if flexibility requires improvement, this does not necessitate a prescription of stretching in most populations. Flexibility can be maintained or improved by exercise modalities that cause more robust health benefits than stretching (e.g., resistance training). Retirement of flexibility as a major component of physical fitness will simplify fitness batteries; save time and resources dedicated to flexibility instruction, measurement, and evaluation; and prevent erroneous conclusions about fitness status when interpreting flexibility scores. De-emphasis of stretching in exercise prescriptions will ensure stretching does not negatively impact other exercise and does not take away from time that could be allocated to training activities that have more robust health and performance benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Nuzzo
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW, Australia, 2031.
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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22
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Cibinello FU, de Jesus Neves JC, Carvalho MYL, Valenciano PJ, Fujisawa DS. Effect of Pilates Matwork exercises on posterior chain flexibility and trunk mobility in school children: A randomized clinical trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2020; 24:176-181. [PMID: 33218508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of an exercise program, based on the Pilates Matwork method, on posterior chain flexibility and trunk mobility in healthy school age children. DESIGN AND SETTING The study was a parallel-group randomized clinical trial. The participants were randomly assigned to groups: Pilates Group (PG) and Control Group (CG). The program was developed at the Early Childhood Education Institute, Londrina-PR. PARTICIPANTS 43 children with age between eight to 12 years, no prior knowledge of the Pilates method, and no exercise training in the last six months. INTERVENTION Four months of twice a week 50 min Pilates Matwork exercises were administered. OUTCOME MEASURES Flexibility and mobility, assessed using the sit-and-reach test, fingertip-to-floor test and photogrammetry. The assessors were blinded to the allocation of participants. RESULTS Three children were excluded before randomization and 40 were randomized (PG n = 20; CG n = 20).12 children were excluded during the protocol (PG n = 7; CG n = 5) and included in the intention to treat analysis. No significant difference between groups was observed for flexibility measures. There was a significant difference in the following outcomes for the PG: distance reached in the sit-and-reach test between pre-test (median 14.25[11.25-28.38]) and post-test (median 20.25[12.00-29.63]) (ES = 0.29, SRM = 0.73); Posterior angle of the knee in the fingertip-to-floor test between pre-test (median 191.60[187.20-191.60]) and post-test (median 189.00[185.90-191.50]) (ES = 0.56, SRM = 0.54). CONCLUSION There were no differences in posterior chain flexibility and trunk mobility between school age children who underwent Pilates Matwork exercises and the control. However, children who participated in the exercise program showed improvement in some results of flexibility. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC) (N° RBR-8t5p7d).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola Unbehaun Cibinello
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, CEPPOS - Centro de Pós-Graduação Professor Dr. Darli Antonio Soares, Av. Robert Koch, 60 - Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Jessica Caroliny de Jesus Neves
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, CEPPOS - Centro de Pós-Graduação Professor Dr. Darli Antonio Soares, Av. Robert Koch, 60 - Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mônica Yosino Leão Carvalho
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, CEPPOS - Centro de Pós-Graduação Professor Dr. Darli Antonio Soares, Av. Robert Koch, 60 - Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Paola Janeiro Valenciano
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, CEPPOS - Centro de Pós-Graduação Professor Dr. Darli Antonio Soares, Av. Robert Koch, 60 - Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Dirce Shizuko Fujisawa
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, CEPPOS - Centro de Pós-Graduação Professor Dr. Darli Antonio Soares, Av. Robert Koch, 60 - Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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23
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Poncela-Skupien C, Pinero-Pinto E, Martínez-Cepa C, Zuil-Escobar JC, Romero-Galisteo RP, Palomo-Carrión R. How does the Execution of the Pilates Method and Therapeutic Exercise Influence Back Pain and Postural Alignment in Children Who Play String Instruments? A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7436. [PMID: 33066061 PMCID: PMC7650639 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inappropriate posture in children while playing some string instruments can cause back pain and alterations of the spine. To date, there is no research on the effect of exercise on children who play a musical instrument, although it is known that transversus abdominis muscle control through the Pilates method has shown pain reduction and posture improvement in this population. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of the Pilates method combined with therapeutic exercise with respect to therapeutic exercise exclusively in reducing pain and improving postural alignment in children playing string instruments applying a protocol of low dose to increase children's adherence to training. METHODS A randomized controlled pilot study was designed with two parallel intervention groups. Twenty-five children (10-14 years old) were randomized in two intervention groups: Pilates method with therapeutic exercise (experimental) and therapeutic exercise (control) for 4 weeks (50 min per day, one day per week). Two assessments were performed (before and after treatment) to assess back pain and shoulders and hips alignment using a visual analog scale and the Kinovea program. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were obtained for pain reduction before (p = 0.04) and after (p = 0.01) playing the instrument in the experimental group. There were no significant changes in alignment improvement in any of the two groups. CONCLUSION The application of a low dose of the Pilates method combined with therapeutic exercise could be a beneficial intervention for pain reduction before and after musical practice in children who play string instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Pinero-Pinto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez-Cepa
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, CEU-San Pablo University, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Juan Carlos Zuil-Escobar
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, CEU-San Pablo University, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Rocío Palomo-Carrión
- Department of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursery, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
- GIFTO. Physiotherapy Research Group of Toledo, 45071 Toledo, Spain
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24
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Effect of Pilates Method on muscular trunk endurance and hamstring extensibility in adolescents during twelve weeks training and detraining. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2020; 24:11-17. [PMID: 32507135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic hyperkyphosis and lumbar hyperlordosis have been associated with low values of flexibility in the hamstring muscle and endurance of the trunk musculature. These are areas that are worked using the Pilates Method (PM), however, there are only two studies that assess its effect on these variables in adolescence, and none that measure the retention time of the acquired improvements. The main objective of this research was to assess the effect of 10 min of adapted exercise program from PM in a Physical Education class (PE) for 12 weeks, on trunk muscle endurance and hamstring flexibility, and to evaluate the retention of resulting changes. METHODS The sample consisted of 441 adolescents (age = 13.9 ± 1.3 years). The experimental group (EG) performed two weekly 10-min sessions of PM for 12 weeks. The control group (CG) performed its usual sessions of PE. The endurance of the trunk flexor muscles and trunk extensor muscles, toe touch test (TT), bench trunk curl test (BTC) and the Biering-Sörensen test (SOR), were used to evaluate hamstring flexibility, before application of the program, at the end, 12 weeks later. RESULTS A significant improvement was found in the EG for all variables analyzed, with an average improvement of 9.37 repetitions in the BTC test, 19.4 s in the SOR test and 2.75 in the TT test. The CG did not show significant changes. The EG's improvements were retained 12 weeks later, except in the SOR test. CONCLUSION The inclusion of 10 min of adapted exercise program from PM in PE classes, for two weekly sessions over 12 weeks, produces improvements in trunk muscle endurance and hamstring flexibility, and these gains are retained in the flexor and hamstring muscles 12 weeks later.
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García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Campillo R, Izquierdo M. Is Muscular Fitness Associated with Future Health Benefits in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. Sports Med 2020; 49:1079-1094. [PMID: 30953308 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous systematic review has quantitatively examined the association between muscular fitness during childhood and adolescence and health parameters later in life. OBJECTIVE The aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze the current evidence for a prospective association between muscular fitness in childhood and adolescence and future health status. METHODS Two authors systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and SPORTDiscus electronic databases and conducted manual searching of reference lists of selected articles. Relevant articles were identified by the following criteria: apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 3-18 years with muscular fitness assessed at baseline (e.g., handgrip, standing long jump, sit-ups, among others), and a follow-up period of ≥ 1 year. The outcome measures were anthropometric and adiposity measurements and cardiometabolic, bone and musculoskeletal health parameters. Two authors independently extracted data. RESULTS Thirty studies were included in the meta-analysis, yielding a total of 21,686 participants. The meta-analysis found a significant, moderate-large (p < 0.05) effect size between muscular fitness at baseline and body mass index (r = - 0.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.21 to - 0.07), skinfold thickness (r = - 0.32; 95% CI - 0.40 to - 0.23), homeostasis model assessment estimated insulin resistance (r = - 0.10; 95% CI - 0.16 to - 0.05), triglycerides (r = - 0.22; 95% CI - 0.30 to - 0.13), cardiovascular disease risk score (r = - 0.29; 95% CI - 0.39 to - 0.18), and bone mineral density (r = 0.166; 95% CI 0.086 to 0.243) at follow-up. CONCLUSION A prospective negative association was observed between muscular fitness in childhood/adolescence and adiposity and cardiometabolic parameters in later life, together with a positive association for bone health. There is inconclusive evidence for low back pain benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNa, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. .,Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo
- Laboratory of Human Performance, Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos (University of Los Lagos), Osorno, Chile
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNa, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Chang KC, Liao YH, Lee HC, Wu CY, Yen CL, Lin PL, Hung JW, Huang YC, Chou MC, Li YH, Lin HM. Musculoskeletal disorders, psychosocial stress and associated factors among home-based migrant care workers. Work 2020; 65:647-659. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-203119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ku-Chou Chang
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Liao
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuei-Chen Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Exercise and Health Science Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Wu
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Ling Yen
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Li Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei Clinic Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wen Hung
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Huang
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Doctoral Program of Measurement and Statistics, Department of Education, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chun Chou
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Li
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min Lin
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Can knee flexion contracture affect cervical alignment and neck tension? A prospective self-controlled pilot study. Spine J 2020; 20:251-260. [PMID: 31525471 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT The coordination of the alignment between the lower extremities and cervical spine helps to achieve balance and horizontal gaze during standing and walking. Malalignment in any segment can disturb the global balance, causing compensation in another segment. Knee flexion contracture (KFC) can cause spine inclination with increased C7 tilt or C7 SVA (sagittal vertical axis). Cervical alignment and the posterior muscles are essential for maintaining the horizontal gaze which is closely related to neck tension (NT). PURPOSE This study aimed to determine whether KFC can affect cervical alignment and its potential effects on the posterior muscles and NT. DESIGN A prospective pilot study was carried out in preoperative (pre-op) and postoperative (post-op) phases. PATIENT SAMPLE This study included 22 consecutive patients with KFC and 12 control subjects in our department who agreed to participate from between August 1, 2018 and February 28, 2019 in our department. OUTCOME MEASURES Visual analog scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were used. The sagittal alignment parameters and cervical range of motion (ROM) were measured on radiographic images, and included the C0-C2 lordosis (C0-2L), C2-C7 lordosis (C2-7L), C2 SVA, C7 SVA, T1 slope, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic tilt, sacral slope, and knee flexion angle (KA). Surface electromyography-based flexion-relaxation ratio (FRR) and ultrasound-based shear wave elastography (SWE) were performed. METHODS The control group was matched for age, sex, and body mass index with the KFC group. Patients in the KFC group underwent arthroscopic surgery to correct knee alignment. Comparisons between pre-op and post-op phases were performed using paired sample t tests, comparisons between KFC and control groups were performed using independent samples t tests. The correlation analysis between the parameters was performed using Spearman analysis. Funding for this study was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60,000 USD), Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program (50,000 USD), and Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support (20,000 USD). There were no conflicts of interest associated with this study. RESULTS The average follow-up time for this pilot study was 11.4±1.5 days. Pre-op, the KFC group had higher KA, T1S, C7 SVA, C2 SVA, C0-2L, SWE, VAS, and NDI compared with the control group, but all of these parameters were decreased significantly post-op. The LL, FRR of splenius capitis (FRRsc), and ROM of the KFC group pre-op were lower than the control group, and all of these were increased significantly post-op. There were no differences in pelvic tilt, sacral slope, C2-7 L, or TK between the KFC and control groups, or in FRR of splenius capitis (FRRutr) between pre-op and post-op phases. KA had strong correlations with LL (r=-0.83), which correlated well with C7 SVA (r=-0.75). C7 SVA correlated strongly with C2 SVA (r=0.79), which also correlated strongly with C0-2 L (r=0.76). C0-2 L correlated well with FRRsc (r=-0.65) and SWEsc (r=0.72), and both of them correlated well with VAS (r=-0.54, r=0.71) and NDI (r=-0.57, r=0.76). ROM correlated well with FRRsc (r=0.71), SWEsc (r=-0.74), VAS (r=-0.66), and NDI (r=-0.66). CONCLUSIONS KFC may cause spine inclination and craniocervical malalignment, leading to NT and ROM reduction. The results of this pilot study may be helpful in guiding further studies concerning KFC and NT.
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Alsufiany MB, Lohman EB, Daher NS, Gang GR, Shallan AI, Jaber HM. Non-specific chronic low back pain and physical activity: A comparison of postural control and hip muscle isometric strength: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18544. [PMID: 32000363 PMCID: PMC7004720 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Most research on sedentary lifestyle has focused on pain and disability, while neuromuscular outcomes (postural control and strength) have received less attention. The objective of the study was to determine whether low level of physical activity is negatively associated with measures of lower body muscular strength and postural control in individuals with and without non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP).Twenty-four subjects with NSCLBP (28.8 ± 5.9 years) and 24 age, gender, and body mass index matched healthy controls participated in the study. Subjects were sub-classified into 4 subgroups based on their physical activity level: Non-active NSCLBP; Active NSCLBP; Non-active healthy control; and Active healthy control. Each subgroup consisted of 12 subjects. Peak force of hip muscles strength was assessed using a handheld dynamometer. Postural control was assessed using computerized posturography and the Y Balance Test.There was no significant group by physical activity interaction for strength and static and dynamic postural control, except for static control during left single leg stance with eyes closed (P = .029). However, there was a significant difference in strength and postural control by physical activity (P < .05). Postural control and peak force of hip muscles strength were significantly associated with physical activity (r ranged from 0.50 to 0.66, P < .001 and r ranged from 0.40 to 0.59, P < .05, respectively).Postural control and hip strength were independently related to physical activity behavior. A sedentary behavior may be an important risk factor for impaired postural control and hip muscles strength, and that physical fitness is vital to neuromuscular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhsen B. Alsufiany
- Department of Physical Therapy
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Noha S. Daher
- Department of Allied Health Studies, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA
| | | | | | - Hatem M. Jaber
- Department of Allied Health Studies, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitative Sciences, University of St. Augustine for Health Sciences, Austin, TX
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Neves JCDJ, Cibinello FU, Valenciano PJ, Fujisawa DS. Influência do arco longitudinal medial na distribuição plantar e na flexibilidade posterior. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/18022427012020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se a formação do arco longitudinal do pé interfere na distribuição da pressão plantar e na flexibilidade dos músculos posteriores da coxa. O método de estudo foi transversal e as impressões plantares foram obtidas usando o plantígrafo e analisadas segundo o método Viladot. A distribuição plantar e a flexibilidade foram avaliadas pela baropodometria e pelo banco de Wells, respectivamente. Foi observado que crianças com pés cavos apresentam maior flexibilidade quando comparadas às que têm o pé normal (p=0,02); e também que pés cavos apresentam maior pressão, ou seja, maior sobrecarga em calcâneo quando comparados àqueles com o arco plantar normal (p=0,02 membro inferior direito e p=0,03 membro inferior esquerdo). A avaliação do arco longitudinal medial mostra que crianças com pés cavos apresentam maior flexibilidade dos músculos posteriores de membro inferior. Os pés cavos também estão associados com maior descarga de peso em região de calcâneo.
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Mahmoud NF, Hassan KA, Abdelmajeed SF, Moustafa IM, Silva AG. The Relationship Between Forward Head Posture and Neck Pain: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2019; 12:562-577. [PMID: 31773477 PMCID: PMC6942109 DOI: 10.1007/s12178-019-09594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Forward head posture (FHP) is the most common cervical postural fault in the sagittal plane that is found with different severity levels in almost all populations. Despite claims that FHP may be related to neck pain, this relation seems to be controversial. Thus, our purpose is to determine whether FHP differs between asymptomatic subjects and those with neck pain and to investigate if there is a relationship between head posture and neck pain. RECENT FINDINGS A total of 15 cross-sectional studies were eligible for inclusion for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Ten studies compared FHP between a group of asymptomatic participants and a group of participants with neck pain and an overall mean difference (MD) of 4.84 (95% CI = 0.14, 9.54), indicating a significant between-group difference, contrary to adolescent (MD = - 1.05; 95% CI = - 4.23, 2.12). Eight studies showed significant negative correlations between FHP and neck pain intensity (r = - 0.55; 95% CI = - 0.69, - 0.36) as well as disability (r = - 0.42; 95% CI = - 0.54, - 0.28) in adults and older adults, while in adolescents, only lifetime prevalence and doctor visits due to neck pain were significant predictors for FHP. This systematic review found that age played an important role as a confounding factor in the relation between FHP and neck pain. Also, the results showed that adults with neck pain show increased FHP when compared to asymptomatic adults and that FHP is significantly correlated with neck pain measures in adults and older adults. No association was found between FHP and most of neck pain measures in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesreen Fawzy Mahmoud
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders & Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, 14531 Egypt
| | - Karima A. Hassan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders & Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, 14531 Egypt
| | - Salwa F. Abdelmajeed
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders & Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, 14531 Egypt
| | - Ibraheem M. Moustafa
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Anabela G. Silva
- School of Health Sciences & CINTESIS.UA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Angarita-Fonseca A, Trask C, Shah T, Bath B. Stable prevalence of chronic back disorders across gender, age, residence, and physical activity in Canadian adults from 2007 to 2014. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1121. [PMID: 31416433 PMCID: PMC6694571 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic back disorders (CBD) are a global health problem and the leading cause of years lived with disability. The present study aims to examine overall and specific trends in CBD in the Canadian population aged 18 to 65 years. METHODS Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), a cross-sectional study, from 2007 to 2014 (8 cycles) were used to calculate CBD prevalence across gender, age, geographical area (urban/rural and ten provinces and northern territories), and physical activity levels. CBD was defined in the CCHS as having back problems, excluding fibromyalgia and arthritis, which have lasted or are expected to last six months or more and that have been diagnosed by a health professional. Prevalence of CBD using survey weights and associated 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated yearly using balanced repeated replications technique. Trend tests were calculated using joinpoint regressions; ArcGIS software was used for mapping. RESULTS Age-standardized CBD prevalence in 2007 and 2014 were 18.9% (95% CI = 18.4;19.5) and 17.8% (95% CI = 17.2,18.4), respectively. CBD prevalence was consistently higher in women, older age groups, rural dwellers, and people classified as inactive. Crude and age-standardized CBD prevalence decreased faster in people classified as physically active compared to those who were inactive (p < 0.006). Although CBD slightly decreased over time, no statistically significant trends were found overall or by gender, area of residence, province or level of physical activity. The prevalence of CBD remained consistently high in the province of Nova Scotia, and consistently low in the province of Quebec over the eight CCHS cycles. CONCLUSION Despite prevention efforts, such as the Canadian back pain mass media campaign, CBD prevalence has remained stable between 2007 and 2014. Tailored prevention and management of CBD should consider gender, age, and geographical differences. Further longitudinal studies could elucidate the temporal relationship between potentially modifiable risk factors such as physical activity and CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Angarita-Fonseca
- Community Health and Epidemiology Department, University of Saskatchewan, Rm 3247 - E wing - Health Sciences Building, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-2Z4 Canada
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación Fisioterapia Integral, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Catherine Trask
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture (CCHSA), University of Saskatchewan, Rm 1226 - E wing - Health Sciences Building, 104 Clinic Place, PO Box 23, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-2Z4 Canada
| | - Tayyab Shah
- School of Rehabilitation Science, University of Saskatchewan, Suite 3400 - E wing - Health Sciences Building, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-2Z4 Canada
| | - Brenna Bath
- School of Rehabilitation Science and Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture (CCHSA), University of Saskatchewan, Rm 1340 - E wing - Health Sciences Building, 104 Clinic Place, PO Box 23, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-2Z4 Canada
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García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Campillo R, Izquierdo M. Is Muscular Fitness Associated with Future Health Benefits in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. Sports Med 2019; 49:1079-1094. [PMID: 30953308 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01098-6/tables/3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous systematic review has quantitatively examined the association between muscular fitness during childhood and adolescence and health parameters later in life. OBJECTIVE The aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze the current evidence for a prospective association between muscular fitness in childhood and adolescence and future health status. METHODS Two authors systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and SPORTDiscus electronic databases and conducted manual searching of reference lists of selected articles. Relevant articles were identified by the following criteria: apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 3-18 years with muscular fitness assessed at baseline (e.g., handgrip, standing long jump, sit-ups, among others), and a follow-up period of ≥ 1 year. The outcome measures were anthropometric and adiposity measurements and cardiometabolic, bone and musculoskeletal health parameters. Two authors independently extracted data. RESULTS Thirty studies were included in the meta-analysis, yielding a total of 21,686 participants. The meta-analysis found a significant, moderate-large (p < 0.05) effect size between muscular fitness at baseline and body mass index (r = - 0.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.21 to - 0.07), skinfold thickness (r = - 0.32; 95% CI - 0.40 to - 0.23), homeostasis model assessment estimated insulin resistance (r = - 0.10; 95% CI - 0.16 to - 0.05), triglycerides (r = - 0.22; 95% CI - 0.30 to - 0.13), cardiovascular disease risk score (r = - 0.29; 95% CI - 0.39 to - 0.18), and bone mineral density (r = 0.166; 95% CI 0.086 to 0.243) at follow-up. CONCLUSION A prospective negative association was observed between muscular fitness in childhood/adolescence and adiposity and cardiometabolic parameters in later life, together with a positive association for bone health. There is inconclusive evidence for low back pain benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNa, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo
- Laboratory of Human Performance, Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos (University of Los Lagos), Osorno, Chile
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, IdiSNa, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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González-Gálvez N, Poyatos MC, Marcos-Pardo PJ, Feito Y, Vale RGDS. PILATES TRAINING INDUCES CHANGES IN THE TRUNK MUSCULATURE OF ADOLESCENTS. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220192503163535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction The Pilates Method may be an appropriate form of exercise for improving trunk muscle strength, which can be a predictor of pain and musculoskeletal problems. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the effects of the Pilates Method on muscle strength and endurance of the extensor and flexor muscles of the trunk in a group of adolescents. Methods The sample consisted of 101 high-school students divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG=81) and a control group (CG=20). The intervention was carried out twice a week for six weeks. Each session lasted 55 minutes, and was divided into three parts: warm-up, main part, and cool down. Muscle strength was assessed by the Sörensen Test and the Bench Trunk-curl Test. The paired sample T-test, the T- test for independent samples, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were applied. The size of the effect (d) was determined. Results The EG showed significant improvements in both tests (+34.77 points; +18.55 points, respectively). No changes were observed in the CG. The effect size was high (d>1.15) for both tests, which means that the results were improved in a large proportion of the participants. The control group showed a decline in strength of the trunk musculature. In the experimental group, both boys and girls showed significant improvements in both tests. This strength increase was enhanced for a large proportion of boys and girls (d>1.15). The effect size was high (d>1.15) for both tests and for both sexes. Conclusion Six-weeks after implementing the Pilates Method in Physical Education lessons, the muscle strength of the flexor and extensor muscles of the trunk in adolescents was improved. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic studies-Investigation of treatment results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuri Feito
- Kennesaw State University, United States
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González-Gálvez N, Marcos-Pardo PJ, Carrasco-Poyatos M. Functional improvements after a pilates program in adolescents with a history of back pain: A randomised controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2019; 35:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Stastny P, Lehnert M, De Ste Croix M, Petr M, Svoboda Z, Maixnerova E, Varekova R, Botek M, Petrek M, Kocourkova L, Cięszczyk P. Effect of COL5A1, GDF5, and PPARA Genes on a Movement Screen and Neuromuscular Performance in Adolescent Team Sport Athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 33:2057-2065. [PMID: 30985523 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Stastny, P, Lehnert, M, De Ste Croix, M, Petr, M, Svoboda, Z, Maixnerova, E, Varekova, R, Botek, M, Petrek, M, Lenka, K, and Cięszczyk, P. Effect of COL5A1, GDF5, and PPARA genes on a movement screen and neuromuscular performance in adolescent team sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2057-2065, 2019-The risk of injury increases with adolescents' chronological age and may be related to limited muscle function neuromuscular, genetic, and biomechanical factors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether COL5A1, PPARA, and GDF5 genes are associated with muscle functions and stretch-shortening cycle performance in adolescent athletes. One hundred forty-six youth players (14.4 ± 0.2 years) from various team sports (basketball n = 54, soccer n = 50, handball n = 32) underwent a manual test for muscle function, maturity estimation, functional bend test (FBT), passive straight leg raise (SLR) test, leg stiffness test, test of reactive strength index (RSI), and gene sampling for COL5A1, PPARA, and GDF5. The χ test did not show any differences in allele or genotype frequency between participants before and after peak height velocity. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that COL5A1 rs12722 CT heterozygotes had worse score in FBT (p < 0.001), worse score in SLR (p = 0.003), and lower maturity offset (p = 0.029, only in females) than TT homozygotes. Male GDF5 rs143383 GG homozygotes showed better score in SLR than AA and AG genotypes (p = 0.003), and AA and AG genotypes in both sex had greater RSI than GG homozygotes (p = 0.016). The PPARA rs4253778 CC homozygotes had greater RSI than GG and GC genotypes (p = 0.004). The CT genotype in COL5A1 rs12722 is possible predictor of functional movement disruption in the posterior hip muscle chain, causing shortening in FBT and SLR, which includes hamstrings function. CT genotype in COL5A1 rs12722 should be involved in programs targeting hamstring and posterior hip muscle chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Stastny
- Department of Sport Games, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Lehnert
- Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mark De Ste Croix
- School of Sport and Exercise, Exercise and Sport Research Center, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Miroslav Petr
- Department of Sport Games, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Svoboda
- Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Maixnerova
- Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Varekova
- Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Botek
- Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Petrek
- Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kocourkova
- Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pawel Cięszczyk
- Department of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland.,The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Andias R, Silva AG. A systematic review with meta-analysis on functional changes associated with neck pain in adolescents. Musculoskeletal Care 2019; 17:23-36. [PMID: 30629325 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck pain (NP) is highly prevalent in young people, but there has been no systematic review synthetizing the functional changes associated with this in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to identify and assess critically the evidence on the functional changes associated with NP in adolescents, specifically for: (a) posture; (b) postural control; (c) range of motion; (d) proprioception; (e) muscle function; and (f) sensory threshold. METHODS We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, PEdro, Scielo, Scopus and Academic Search Premier databases for relevant studies. Two reviewers screened studies for inclusion and assessed the quality of the included studies. One reviewer extracted relevant data from the included studies. A meta-analysis was performed for studies that measured forward head posture (FHP). RESULTS Ten studies were included and a total of 15 comparisons for different variables were made. When compared with adolescents without NP, those with NP showed no differences in cervicothoracic posture or FHP. However, statistically significant differences were found for range of motion: weighted mean difference (WMD) from -14.0° (-21.1° to -1.1°) to 9.4° (2.8° to 16.0°); flexor muscle endurance: WMD -11.4 (-21.8 to -0.9) s; extensor muscle endurance: WMD -42.0 (-77.8 to -6.3) s; joint repositioning error for right and left rotation: WMD 1.9° (0.8° to 2.9°) and 2.4° (1.3° to 3.5°), respectively; and pressure pain threshold: WMD from -15.6 (-18.5 to -12.8) to -9.3 (-11.3 to 7.2) N/ cm². CONCLUSION There is very limited to limited evidence that there is no difference in posture between adolescents with and without NP, and that there is a difference for range of motion, muscle function, proprioception and pressure pain threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Andias
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela G Silva
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal
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MARMOLEJO MARINAA, MEDHANIE MAKDA, TARLETON HEATHERP. Musculoskeletal Flexibility and Quality of Life: A Feasibility Study of Homeless Young Adults in Los Angeles County. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2018; 11:968-979. [PMID: 30147826 PMCID: PMC6102196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Proper musculoskeletal health is dependent on the efficient inner workings of muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and bones. The homeless experience can be physically debilitating to these tissues and anatomical structures. This feasibility study aims to explore how to answer the overarching question: do the lived experiences of homeless young adults negatively affect their musculoskeletal health? Questionnaires were distributed to assess the demographic characteristics, physical activity, health behaviors, and sleep patterns of 40 homeless young adults and 45 university students in Los Angeles County. Participants also completed supervised stretch tests to assess musculoskeletal flexibility. Findings indicate that homeless young adults were less flexible in all four stretch assessments compared to university students. Noteworthy differences were noted with the sit and reach (p=0.050), butterfly (p=0.036), right shoulder (p=0.005), and left trunk twist tests (p=0.041). Analyses of physical activity levels and sleep location within the homeless subgroup suggest a deleterious impact on flexibility. Flexibility assessments are a low cost and sensitive method for measuring degree of musculoskeletal dysfunction of homeless young adults. Preliminary data suggests that the musculoskeletal health of this subgroup is adversely affected by their lived experience. Health services such as yoga or Pilates, in addition to existing case management and mental health services at homeless drop-in centers, may reduce the likelihood of long-term physical disability.
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Abstract
Background Back pain is a frequent health problem in the general population. The epidemiology of back pain in the general population is well researched, but detailed data on the prevalence and risk factors of back pain in athletes are rare. Objective The primary objective was to review articles about back pain in athletes to provide an overview of its prevalence in different sports and compare its prevalence among various types of sports and the general population. Data Sources A comprehensive search of articles published through May 2015 was conducted. Two independent reviewers searched six databases from inception (PubMed®, Embase, MEDLINE®, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and PSYNDEX), using specifically developed search strategies, for relevant epidemiological research on back pain in 14- to 40-year-old athletes of Olympic disciplines. The reviewers independently evaluated the methodological quality of reviewed articles meeting the inclusion criteria to identify potential sources of bias. Relevant data were extracted from each study. Results Forty-three articles were judged to meet the inclusion criteria and were included in the assessment of methodological quality. Of these, 25 were assessed to be of high quality. Lifetime prevalence and point prevalence were the most commonly researched episodes and the lower back was the most common localization of pain. In the high-quality studies, lifetime prevalence of low back pain in athletes was 1–94%, (highest prevalence in rowing and cross-country skiing), and point prevalence of low back pain was 18–65% (lowest prevalence in basketball and highest prevalence in rowing). Conclusion The methodological heterogeneity of the included studies showed a wide range of prevalence rates and did not enable a detailed comparison of data among different sports, within one discipline, or versus the general population. Based on the results of this review, however, it seems obvious that back pain requires further study in some sports. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0645-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Fang H, Quan M, Zhou T, Sun S, Zhang J, Zhang H, Cao Z, Zhao G, Wang R, Chen P. Relationship between Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in Preschool Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9314026. [PMID: 29359160 PMCID: PMC5735582 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9314026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and physical fitness among preschool children. METHODS A total of 346 participants (201 boys and 145 girls) aged 3.5-5.5 years (M = 4.5 yr, SD = 0.47) from Shanghai, China, completed physical fitness assessments, including triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT), grip strength, tennis throwing, sit and reach test, standing long jump, balance beam, 10mSRT, and 20mSRT. Physical activity was objectively measured by ActiGraphGT3X+ accelerometer. Multiple linear regression models were used to explore the cross-sectional associations between PA and physical fitness after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, and valid wearing time. RESULTS Positive associations were observed between stand long jump (p < .01), tennis throwing (p < .01), laps in 20mSRT (p < .01), and MVPA. However, TSFT (p < .05), time in 10mSRT (p < .01), and balance beam (p < .05) were negatively associated with MVPA. Furthermore, positive associations were found between stand long jump (p < .01), tennis throwing (p < .01), and MVPA only in boys. Negative associations were found between time on balance beam (p < .01) and MVPA only in girls. CONCLUSIONS MVPA appears to be an effective and reliable predictor of preschoolers' physical fitness. Boys' body composition, muscular strength, explosive strength, agility, aerobic fitness, girls' agility, aerobic fitness, and balance could improve as MVPA increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- College of Youth, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Minghui Quan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tang Zhou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shunli Sun
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hanbin Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- Health Promotion Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zhenbo Cao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Guanggao Zhao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- Department of Physical Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Peijie Chen
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
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Fett D, Trompeter K, Platen P. Back pain in elite sports: A cross-sectional study on 1114 athletes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180130. [PMID: 28662110 PMCID: PMC5491135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish the prevalence of back pain in German elite athletes; examine the influence of age, sex, sports discipline and training volume; and compare elite athletes with a physically active control group. METHODS A standardized and validated online back pain questionnaire was sent by the German Olympic Sports Confederation to approximately 4,000 German national and international elite athletes, and a control group of 253 physically active but non-elite sports students. RESULTS We received responses from 1,114 elite athletes (46.5% male and 53.1% female, mean age 20.9 years ± 4.8 years, mean height 176.5 ± 11.5 cm, mean weight 71.0 ± 10.3 kg) and 166 physically active sports students (74.7% male and 24.1 female, mean age 21.2 ± 2.0 years, mean height 180.0 ± 8.0 cm, mean weight 74.0 ± 14.5 kg). In elite athletes, the lifetime prevalence of back pain was 88.5%, the 12-month prevalence was 81.1%, the 3-month prevalence was 68.3% and the point prevalence was 49.0%, compared with 80.7%, 69.9%, 59.0% and 42.8%, respectively in the control group. The lifetime, 12-month and 3-month prevalences in elite athletes were significantly higher than in the control group. Regarding the individual sports disciplines, the prevalence of back pain was significantly higher in elite rowers, dancers, fencers, gymnasts, track and field athletes, figure skaters and marksmen, and those who play underwater rugby, water polo, basketball, hockey and ice hockey compared with the control group. The prevalence of back pain was significantly lower in elite triathletes. CONCLUSIONS Back pain is a common complaint in German elite athletes. Low back pain seems to be a problem in both elite athletes and physically active controls. A high training volume in elite athletes and a low training volume in physically active individuals might increase prevalence rates. Our findings indicate the necessity for specific prevention programs, especially in high-risk sports. Further research should investigate the optimal dose-effect relationship of sporting activity for the general population to prevent back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fett
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail: (DF); (KT)
| | - Katharina Trompeter
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail: (DF); (KT)
| | - Petra Platen
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Shiri R, Falah-Hassani K. Does leisure time physical activity protect against low back pain? Systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 prospective cohort studies. Br J Sports Med 2017; 51:1410-1418. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-097352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Alghadir AH, Gabr SA, Al-Eisa ES. Mechanical factors and vitamin D deficiency in schoolchildren with low back pain: biochemical and cross-sectional survey analysis. J Pain Res 2017; 10:855-865. [PMID: 28442927 PMCID: PMC5396951 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s124859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate the role of vitamin D, muscle fatigue biomarkers, and mechanical factors in the progression of low back pain (LBP) in schoolchildren. BACKGROUND Children and adolescents frequently suffer from LBP with no clear clinical causes, and >71% of schoolchildren aged 12-17 years will show at least one episode of LBP. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 250 schoolchildren aged 12-16 years were randomly enrolled in this study. For all schoolchildren height, weight, percentage of daily sun exposure and and areas of skin exposed to sun, method of carrying the bag, and bag weight and type were recorded over a typical school week. Pain scores, physical activity (PA), LBP, serum vitamin 25(OH)D level, serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and calcium (Ca) concentrations were estimated using prevalidated Pain Rating Scale, modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, short-form PA questionnaire, and colorimetric and immunoassay techniques. RESULTS During the period of October 2013-May 2014, LBP was estimated in 52.2% of the schoolchildren. It was classified into moderate (34%) and severe (18%). Girls showed a higher LBP (36%) compared with boys (24%). In schoolchildren with moderate and severe LBP significantly higher (P=0.01) body mass index, waist, hip, and waist-to-hip ratio measurements were observed compared with normal schoolchildren. LBP significantly correlated with less sun exposure, lower PA, sedentary activity (TV/computer use), and overloaded school bags. In addition, schoolchildren with severe LBP showed lower levels of vitamin 25(OH)D and Ca and higher levels of CK, LDH, and serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase compared with moderate and healthy schoolchildren. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that age, gender, demographic parameters, PA, vitamin D levels, Ca, CK, and LDH associated with ~56.8%-86.7% of the incidence of LBP among schoolchildren. CONCLUSION In children and adolescents, LBP was shown to be linked with limited sun exposure, inadequate vitamin D diets, adiposity, lower PA, sedentary lifestyles, vitamin 25 (OH) D deficiency, and lower levels of Ca, CK, and LDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A Gabr
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Einas S Al-Eisa
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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A Survey on Low Back Pain Risk Factors in Steel Industry Workers in 2015. Asian Spine J 2017; 11:44-49. [PMID: 28243368 PMCID: PMC5326731 DOI: 10.4184/asj.2017.11.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Study Design This was a cross-sectional study. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and its association with individual factors and current job status among steel industry workers in Mashhad, Iran. Overview of Literature Several studies have been conducted on LBP and its related risk factors, some of which emphasized oc-cupational factors as the main etiology of LBP. Meanwhile, individual risk factors have been emphasized in other studies. Despite several published articles, there are still many unresolved, basic issues about developing LBP. Methods For this study, 358 male workers were selected by a random sampling method and divided into two groups: production workers (n=201) and administrative personnel (n=157). Data were collected using modified Nordic questionnaire and physical examination. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the correlation between individual factors and current job status with LBP. Results Despite the young age of participants and their short employment duration, the overall prevalence of LBP was high (32.4%) in this industry. The prevalence of non-specific LBP in production workers and administrative personnel was 26.8% and 21.0%, respectively. Disk herniation was observed in 10.4% of production workers and 6.3% of administrative personnel. Age, employment duration, body mass index and smoking status were similar in the two groups. There was no significant relationship between LBP and current job status; however, a significant relationship was found between prevalence of LBP with age, duration of employment, and leisure time physical activity (p<0.05). Conclusions We have not found any relationship between LBP and current occupational status suggesting that the effects of general health-related factors such as weight, age, leisure time physical activity, and duration of employment are more important than occupational factors in developing LBP.
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Alfuth M, Welsink DW. Pain and functional outcomes after outpatient physiotherapy in patients with low back pain. DER ORTHOPADE 2017; 46:522-529. [PMID: 28204835 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-017-3390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physiotherapy treatment programs are recommended in the rehabilitation of low back pain (LBP). Rehabilitation institutions are increasingly asked to demonstrate the outcomes of their intensive physiotherapy services. AIM To describe pain and functional outcome measures following a 6-month outpatient physiotherapy treatment program in patients with LBP. METHODS A total of 85 patients were analysed after being treated with a combination of physiotherapeutic treatment modalities 2-3 days weekly. Pain and disability were measured before, 3 and 6 months after the onset of treatment. Isometric trunk muscle strength for flexion and extension and flexibility of dorsal trunk and thigh structures were measured before and 6 months after treatment. RESULTS After 6 months, pain at rest decreased from a median of 4.0 to 0.0 (p < 0.01) and pain during activity from a median of 5.5 to 2.0 on the numeric rating scale (p < 0.001). The Roland-Morris Disability (RMDQ) score decreased from a median of 7.0 to 3.0 (p < 0.001). Mean trunk muscle flexion strength increased from 133.7 to 156.0 Nm and for extension from 235.5 to 278.3 Nm (p < 0.001). Flexibility was improved from a mean of -5.9 to -1.4 cm (p < 0.001). A moderate correlation between pain at rest and RMDQ score was found after 3 (r = 0.532, p < 0.01) and 6 months (r = 0.508, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Patients with LBP who were treated with the physiotherapeutic treatment program showed a clinically relevant reduction of pain and disability with improved trunk muscle strength and flexibility. Reductions in pain and disability do not seem to correlate with increased trunk muscle strength and flexibility. No conclusions can be declared about long-term changes after the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Alfuth
- Faculty of Health Care (Therapeutic Sciences), Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Reinarzstr. 49, 47805, Krefeld, Germany.
| | - Dieter W Welsink
- medicoreha Welsink Rehabilitation GmbH, Ambulante Fachkliniken für Rehabilitation, Preußenstr. 84a, 41464, Neuss, Germany
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Smith L, Aggio D, Hamer M. Active travel to non-school destinations but not to school is associated with higher physical activity levels in an ethnically diverse sample of inner-city schoolchildren. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:13. [PMID: 28056909 PMCID: PMC5216598 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3920-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the association of travel mode to school and non-school destinations with objectively assessed health markers and physical activity in an ethnically diverse sample of inner-city UK schoolchildren. Methods We used data from the Camden Active Spaces project (n = 450 children aged 9.1 yrs) to examine associations of school travel mode and frequency of active travel to non-school destinations with daily and out-of-school physical activity, sedentary time and health markers; whilst controlling for appropriate covariates including objectively measured route length. Results High frequency of active travel to non-school destinations was associated with more time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during out-of-school periods (3.8, 0.8–6.9 min/d) and greater out-of-school (738, 197.4–1278.6 steps/d) and daily step counts (588.1, 51.6–1124.6 steps/d). No associations were observed between school travel mode, health outcomes and activity levels. Conclusion High frequency of active travel to non-school destinations is associated with higher levels of physical activity. These findings highlight the contribution of travel to non-school destinations to overall physical activity levels in schoolchildren. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3920-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK.
| | - Daniel Aggio
- Physical Activity Research Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Hamer
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK
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Rossi M, Pasanen K, Kokko S, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Savonen K, Selänne H, Vasankari T, Kannas L, Kujala U, Villberg J, Parkkari J. Low back and neck and shoulder pain in members and non-members of adolescents' sports clubs: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:263. [PMID: 27370945 PMCID: PMC4930616 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-1114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of self-reported low back pain (LBP) and neck and shoulder pain (NSP), and the related factors in members and non-members of adolescents' sports clubs. METHODS This cross-sectional study was based on surveys of 14-16-year-olds as a part of the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) Study. The surveys on self-reported health behaviours, injuries, and musculoskeletal health were conducted among sports club members (n = 962) and non-members (n = 675). Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to study the associations between dependent variables of LBP and NSP, and the independent factors. RESULTS The prevalence of LBP during the preceding 3 months was 35.0 % in girls and 24.5 % in boys (p < 0.05 for sex difference). The prevalence of NSP was 55.9 % in girls and 27.3 % in boys (p < 0.001 for sex difference). Being a sports club member increased the odds for LBP in boys (odds ratio [OR] 2.35, 95 % CI 1.48-3.72). On the other hand, sports club participation was associated with lower odds of frequent NSP in girls (OR 0.52, 95 % CI 0.33-0.82). No associations were found between other leisure-time physical activity and LBP or NSP. Higher screen time (computer games, TV/DVD, phone, Internet) during leisure-time increased the odds of NSP in boys and LBP in boys and girls. CONCLUSIONS In this study, self-reported LBP and NSP were already relatively common among adolescents. Girls have a higher risk for reporting LBP and NSP. Measures that are more effective in the prevention of LBP in male sports club members are needed. Excessive screen time is weakly associated with LBP and NSP, which should be taken into account in health promotion among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rossi
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.
| | - K Pasanen
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.,UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Kokko
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - L Alanko
- Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Alppikatu 2, FI-00530, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - R Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Clinic, Oulu Deaconess Institute, Albertinkatu 18, FI-90100, Oulu, Finland.,University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Health Research, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - K Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Haapaniementie 16, FI-70100, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Selänne
- LIKES Foundation for Sports and Health Sciences and Mehiläinen Physical Activity Clinic, P.O. Box 35, FI-40720, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - T Vasankari
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
| | - L Kannas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - U Kujala
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Villberg
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.,UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
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Hussain SM, Urquhart DM, Wang Y, Dunstan D, Shaw JE, Magliano DJ, Wluka AE, Cicuttini FM. Associations between television viewing and physical activity and low back pain in community-based adults: A cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3963. [PMID: 27336896 PMCID: PMC4998334 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Two systematic reviews concluded that there was limited evidence to support an association between physical activity and sedentary behavior and developing low back pain (LBP). The aim of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity and television viewing time with LBP intensity and disability in community-based adults.Five thousand fifty-eight participants (44% men) of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study had physical activity and television viewing time measured in 1999 to 2000, 2004 to 2005, and 2011 to 2012, and LBP intensity and disability assessed in 2013 to 2014 using the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to estimate the odds ratio for LBP intensity and disability associated with physical activity and television viewing time. Analyses were adjusted for age, education, smoking, dietary guideline index score, body mass index, and mental component summary score. To test whether associations of physical activity or television viewing time with LBP intensity and disability were modified by sex, obesity, or age, interactions were tested using the likelihood ratio test.As gender modified the associations between physical activity and television viewing time and LBP disability (P = 0.05), men and women were examined separately. A total of 81.7% men and 82.1% women had LBP. Most men (63.6%) and women (60.2%) had low intensity LBP with fewer having high intensity LBP (18.1% men, 21.5% women). Most participants had no LBP disability (74.5% men, 71.8% women) with the remainder reporting low (15.8% men, 15.3% women) or high (9.7% men, 12.9% women) LBP disability. Insufficient physical activity (<2.5 hours/week) was not associated with LBP intensity or disability. High television viewing time (≥2 hours/day) was associated with greater prevalence of LBP disability in women (low disability OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.04-1.73; high disability OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.01-1.72).Although it needs to be confirmed in RCTs our findings suggest that targeting time spent watching television and possibly other prolonged sedentary behaviors may have the potential to reduce LBP disability in community-based adults, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Monira Hussain
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
| | - Donna M. Urquhart
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
| | - David Dunstan
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan E. Shaw
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute
| | - Dianna J. Magliano
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute
| | - Anita E. Wluka
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
| | - Flavia M. Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital
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48
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Brandão CF, Fontes JHDQ, Zavala AAZ, Fett WCR, Santos RJD, Fett CA. Reference index and reduction in physical fitness tests proposed by PROESP-BR. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742016000100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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49
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Mayorga-Vega D, Merino-Marban R, Manzano-Lagunas J, Blanco H, Viciana J. Effects of a Stretching Development and Maintenance Program on Hamstring Extensibility in Schoolchildren: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. J Sports Sci Med 2016; 15:65-74. [PMID: 26957928 PMCID: PMC4763848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a physical education-based stretching development and maintenance program on hamstring extensibility in schoolchildren. A sample of 150 schoolchildren aged 7-10 years old from a primary school participated in the present study (140 participants were finally included). The six classes balanced by grade were cluster randomly assigned to the experimental group 1 (n = 51), experimental group 2 (n = 51) or control group (n = 49) (i.e., a cluster randomized controlled trial design was used). During the physical education classes, the students from the experimental groups 1 and 2 performed a four-minute stretching program twice a week for nine weeks (first semester). Then, after a five-week period of detraining coinciding with the Christmas holidays, the students from the experimental groups 1 and 2 completed another stretching program twice a week for eleven weeks (second semester). The students from the experimental group 1 continued performing the stretching program for four minutes while those from the experimental group 2 completed a flexibility maintenance program for only one minute. The results of the two-way analysis of variance showed that the physical education-based stretching development program significantly improved the students' hamstring extensibility (p < 0.001), as well as that these gains obtained remained after the stretching maintenance program (p < 0.001). Additionally, statistically significant differences between the two experimental groups were not found (p > 0.05). After a short-term stretching development program, a physical education-based stretching maintenance program of only one-minute sessions twice a week is effective in maintaining hamstring extensibility among schoolchildren. This knowledge could help and guide teachers to design programs that allow a feasible and effective development and maintenance of students' flexibility in the physical education setting. Key pointsA physical education-based stretching maintenance program of only one-minute sessions twice a week is effective in maintaining hamstring extensibility among schoolchildren.A four-minute maintenance program shows similar effects that the one-minute maintenance program on hamstring extensibility among schoolchildren.Physical education teachers and other practitioners could carry out one-minute programs for a feasible and effective maintenance of students' flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Humberto Blanco
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Chihuahua , Mexico
| | - Jesús Viciana
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada , Spain
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50
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Vinstrup J, Sundstrup E, Brandt M, Jakobsen MD, Calatayud J, Andersen LL. Core Muscle Activity, Exercise Preference, and Perceived Exertion during Core Exercise with Elastic Resistance versus Machine. SCIENTIFICA 2015; 2015:403068. [PMID: 26557405 PMCID: PMC4628648 DOI: 10.1155/2015/403068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. To investigate core muscle activity, exercise preferences, and perceived exertion during two selected core exercises performed with elastic resistance versus a conventional training machine. Methods. 17 untrained men aged 26-67 years participated in surface electromyography (EMG) measurements of five core muscles during torso-twists performed from left to right with elastic resistance and in the machine, respectively. The order of the exercises was randomized and each exercise consisted of 3 repetitions performed at a 10 RM load. EMG amplitude was normalized (nEMG) to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVC). Results. A higher right erector spinae activity in the elastic exercise compared with the machine exercise (50% [95% CI 36-64] versus 32% [95% CI 18-46] nEMG) was found. By contrast, the machine exercise, compared with the elastic exercise, showed higher left external oblique activity (77% [95% CI 64-90] versus 54% [95% CI 40-67] nEMG). For the rectus abdominis, right external oblique, and left erector spinae muscles there were no significant differences. Furthermore, 76% preferred the torso-twist with elastic resistance over the machine exercise. Perceived exertion (Borg CR10) was not significantly different between machine (5.8 [95% CI 4.88-6.72]) and elastic exercise (5.7 [95% CI 4.81-6.59]). Conclusion. Torso-twists using elastic resistance showed higher activity of the erector spinae, whereas torso-twist in the machine resulted in higher activity of the external oblique. For the remaining core muscles the two training modalities induced similar muscular activation. In spite of similar perceived exertion the majority of the participants preferred the exercise using elastic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Vinstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Emil Sundstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Brandt
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Physical Activity and Human Performance Group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Markus D. Jakobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Joaquin Calatayud
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Prevention Health Exercise and Sport Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lars L. Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Physical Activity and Human Performance Group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
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