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Cheraghi L, Niknam M, Masihay-Akbar H, Azizi F, Amiri P. How Do Active and Passive Cigarette Smokers in Iran Evaluate Their Health? A Sex-Specific Analysis on the Full-Spectrum of Quality of Life. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:913-921. [PMID: 37651684 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to determine the sex-specific effects of active and passive cigarette smoking on the full spectrum of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among a sizeable adult population. METHODS This study was conducted within the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) framework. Participants included 7478 adults in the last examination of the TLGS. We used a quantile regression model to compare sex-specific HRQoL distributions among non-, current, and passive smokers. Two-step cluster analysis was used to consider the synergic effects of confounder variables. RESULTS In men, current smoking was negatively associated with only mental HRQoL in all percentiles of its distribution with a decrease in absolute estimation values from the lowest (5th: β = -6.59, p < .001) to the highest (90th: β=-0.93, p = .027). Also, passive smoking was negatively associated with men's physical HRQoL in the upper percentiles of its distribution (75th: β = -1.12, p = .010; 90th: β = -1.26, p = .016). In women, the current (β = -4.17 to -4.45 for 25th to 90th percentiles) and passive smokers (β = -2.05 to -4.25 for 10th to 90th percentiles) had lower mental HRQoL in the mentioned percentiles. Also, the current smoking had a negative association with the 5th percentile (β = -2.04, p = .008), and a positive association with the 50th (β = 1.94, p < .008) and 75th percentile of physical HRQoL (β = 2.25, p = .004). CONCLUSIONS The present study showed the harmful effect of smoking on mental HRQol in all participants. In contrast, the physical effect of smoking was only observed in female active smokers and at the extreme levels of the physical HRQoL spectrum. IMPLICATIONS According to the harmful effect of smoking on HRQoL, understanding active and passive smokers' perceptions of how smoking impacts their health is critical for tobacco control programs. Since most previous studies of smoking and HRQoL have mainly focused on the extreme parts or central values of the HRQoL distribution, the use of a multiple regression approach enables the evaluation of other parts of the conditional distribution of the outcome variable. This study demonstrated the prominent effect of smoking on the mental HRQoL as well as the more serious public health burden of passive smoking in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Cheraghi
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Niknam
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasti Masihay-Akbar
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Amiri
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wan B, Peng-Li D, Chen J, Xu P, Sun D, Chen Q, Li J, Wang M, Zheng S, Fan L, Wu X, Hu J, Chen J, Wang Z. The effect of secondhand smoke exposure on self-satisfaction and perceived freedom of life choice. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:439-445. [PMID: 35157562 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2039157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to examine whether secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) in university students can affect three indices of self-satisfaction related to depression as indiced by appearance, weight, and freedom of life choice. Participants: We collected data from 740 nonsmoking students in the summer of 2018, of which 57.84% were exposed to secondhand smoke. Methods: Depressive symptoms, SHSE, smoking status, weight satisfaction, appearance satisfaction, and freedom of life choice were self-reported via a questionnaire. Results: The generalized linear analyses revealed that SHSE was linked to lower scores of perceived freedom of life choice but not significantly associated with weight nor appearance satisfaction. The mediation analyses indicated that perceived freedom of life choice fully mediated the association between SHSE and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: These findings shed light on the importance of SHSE and its effects on mental health in university students. Preventive strategies should therefore locally target university campuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wan
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Danni Peng-Li
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing China & Aarhus Denmark, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, China
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peilin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyue Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengxin Wang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyu Zheng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Fan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xusen Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqiu Hu
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengjian Wang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Xiang H, Feng X, Lin L, Luo S, Liu X, Chen D, Qin K, Guo X, Chen W, Guo VY. Association between healthy lifestyle factors and health-related quality of life among Chinese adolescents: the moderating role of gender. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:119. [PMID: 37904152 PMCID: PMC10617140 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the associations of the independent and combined healthy lifestyle factors with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents, and to test the moderating role of gender. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 5125 adolescents aged between 11 and 20 years. They provided self-reported data on six healthy lifestyle factors, including never smoking, never drinking, good sleep quality, sufficient sleep duration, appropriate Internet use, and adequate physical activity. Adolescents' HRQOL was evaluated using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0. Linear regression models were conducted to explore the association of individual and combined healthy lifestyle factors with adolescents' HRQOL. We further performed stratified analyses and likelihood ratio test to explore the moderating role of gender in these associations. RESULTS Of the included adolescents, the proportions with 0-2, 3, 4, and 5-6 healthy lifestyle factors were 13.6%, 26.4%, 44.3%, and 15.7%, respectively. Compared to adolescents with composite healthy lifestyle scores of 0-2, those with scores of 3, 4, or 5-6 had significantly higher HRQOL scores across all dimensions, summary scales, and total scale in both unadjusted and adjusted models. Specifically, adolescents with 5-6 healthy lifestyle factors had a total scale score that was 19.03 (95%CI: 17.76 to 20.30) points higher than their counterparts who only had 0-2 healthy lifestyle factors. Significant dose-response patterns were also observed in aforementioned associations. Gender was a significant moderator in the associations between composite healthy lifestyle groups and HRQOL scores, except for the social functioning dimension. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirmed that combined healthy lifestyle factors were associated with improved HRQOL among adolescents, with a stronger association observed in girls. These findings underscore the necessity for education and healthcare authorities to design health-promoting strategies that encourage multiple healthy lifestyle factors in adolescents, with the objective of enhancing their overall health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xiuqiong Feng
- Department of Public Health, Guangzhou Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510530, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Shengyu Luo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xinxia Liu
- Zhongshan Third People's Hospital, Nanlang Town, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528451, China
| | - Dezhong Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Kang Qin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Weiqing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Vivian Yawei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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Janjani H, Nabizadeh R, Shamsipour M, Kashani H, Aghaei M, Yunesian M. Burden of diseases attributable to second-hand smoke exposure in Iran adolescents from 2009 to 2020. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13605. [PMID: 37604845 PMCID: PMC10442427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) is prevalent in many countries, but the problem's scope is poorly understood globally, especially in developing countries. We aimed to estimate SHS exposure and its national and subnational burden of diseases in Iran, the second-largest country in the Middle East, during 2009-2020. The burden of diseases from SHS was estimated as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for adolescents (10-18) year's non-smokers. Using comparative risk assessment methodologies, the calculations were based on disease-specific relative risk estimates with national and subnational SHS exposure data, and the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis was performed. The results of study showed that the trend of exposure to SHS is increasing in Iran. The highest DALY was related to lower respiratory infection (LRI), asthma, and otitis media, respectively. The national average asthma burden (DALY/100,000) has increased from 17.4 (11.8_23.9) in 2009 to 21.3 (13.9_30) in 2020, LRI decreased from 25.8 (21.5_30.2) to 19.8 (16.7_23.1), and national average burden of otitis media (DALY/100,000) has increased from 3.1(1.9_4.6) to 3.9(2.4_5.6). The increasing trend of otitis media and asthma DALYs attributable to SHS exposure in Iran requires more attention from policymakers to protect the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosna Janjani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Shamsipour
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Kashani
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Aghaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Xie Z, Cartujano-Barrera F, Cupertino P, Li D. Cross-Sectional Associations of Self-Reported Social/Emotional Support and Life Satisfaction with Smoking and Vaping Status in Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10722. [PMID: 36078438 PMCID: PMC9517882 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional association of self-reported social/emotional support and life satisfaction with smoking/vaping status in US adults. The study included 47,163 adult participants who self-reported social/emotional support, life satisfaction, and smoking/vaping status in the 2016 and 2017 BRFSS national survey data. We used multivariable weighted logistic regression models to measure the cross-sectional association of self-reported social/emotional support and life satisfaction with smoking/vaping status. Compared to never users, dual users and exclusive smokers were more likely to have low life satisfaction, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.770 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.135, 2.760) and an aOR = 1.452 (95% CI: 1.121, 1.880) respectively, especially for the age group 18-34. Exclusive cigarette smokers were more likely to have low life satisfaction compared to ex-smokers (aOR = 1.416, 95% CI: 1.095, 1.831). Exclusive cigarette smokers were more likely to have low social/emotional support (aOR = 1.193, 95% CI: 1.030, 1.381) than never users, especially those aged 65 and above. In addition, exclusive cigarette smokers were more likely to have low social/emotional support than ex-smokers, with an aOR = 1.279 (95% CI: 1.097, 1.492), which is more pronounced among the age group 18-34, as well as 65 and above. Our results suggest that life satisfaction and social/emotional support may play important roles in smoking and vaping, which should be incorporated into behavioral interventions to reduce tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidian Xie
- Department of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Francisco Cartujano-Barrera
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Ferreira AM, Sabino EC, Silva LCDOD, Oliveira CDL, Cardoso CS, Ribeiro ALP, Damasceno RF, Leite SF, Vieira TM, Nunes MDCP, Haikal DSA. Contextual influence on poor self-rated health in patients with Chagas disease: multilevel study. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2022; 27:2827-2842. [PMID: 35730850 PMCID: PMC9306011 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232022277.01682022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the thirteen most neglected tropical diseases in the world. Self-perceived health is considered a better predictor of mortality than objective measures of health status, and the context in which one lives influences this predictor. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and individual and contextual factors associated with poor self-rated health among CD patients from an endemic region in Brazil. It is a multilevel cross-sectional study. The individual data come from a cross-section of a cohort study named SaMi-Trop. Contextual data was collected from publicly accessible institutional information systems and platforms. The dependent variable was self-perceived health. The analysis was performed using multilevel binary logistic regression. The study included 1,513 patients with CD, where 335 (22.1%) had Poor self-rated health. This study revealed the influence of the organization/offer of the Brazilian public health service and of individual characteristics on the self-perceived health of patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariela Mota Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil.
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- LIM46, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo SP Brasil
| | | | - Cláudia Di Lorenzo Oliveira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Epidemiologia e Novas Tecnologias em Saúde, Campus CCO, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei. Divinópolis MG Brasil
| | - Clareci Silva Cardoso
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Epidemiologia e Novas Tecnologias em Saúde, Campus CCO, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei. Divinópolis MG Brasil
| | | | - Renata Fiúza Damasceno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil.
| | - Sâmara Fernandes Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil.
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil.
| | | | - Desirée Sant' Ana Haikal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil.
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Yuan SU, Yueping LI. Relationship between subjective socioeconomic status and sense of gain of health-care reform and the mediating role of self-rated health: a cross-sectional study in China. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:790. [PMID: 35440075 PMCID: PMC9020010 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sense of gain has gradually become the main evaluation index for the effectiveness of China's deepening reform and is affected by many factors. However, there is no relevant research on the sense of gain of health-care reform (SGHR) and its influencing factors. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of subjective socioeconomic status (SSS) on SGHR and the mediating role of self-rated health (SRH) between them. METHODS Data (25,149 samples total) from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2018 were included in the analysis. A nonparametric test was used to explore the differences in demographic characteristics of SGHR, and a correlation analysis and mediating effect model were used to explore the influence of SSS on SGHR and the mediating effect of SRH. RESULTS Demographic characteristics such as age, urban and rural areas, educational background, marriage and choice of medical treatment had significant differences in the distribution of perceived acquisition of medical reform. SSS, SRH and SGHR are statistically positively correlated with each other. SSS has a positive statistical correlation with SGHR, and may have an indirect effect through SRH. CONCLUSIONS SSS is an important predictor of SGHR, and SRH may play a partially mediating role in SGHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S U Yuan
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - L I Yueping
- School of Arts and Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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Hashemi-Aghdam MR, Shafiee G, Ebrahimi M, Ejtahed HS, Yaseri M, Motlagh ME, Qorbani M, Heshmat R, Kelishadi R. Trend of passive smoking and associated factors in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN studies. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:603. [PMID: 35351076 PMCID: PMC8962519 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is well documented that, similar to active smokers, passive smokers are also at an increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases, and it could impose high financial costs on the healthcare system. This study aimed to evaluate the trend of passive smoking and related determinants during the three phases of a school-based surveillance program. Methods This is a secondary study using the national data obtained from three phases of the surveillance program entitled The Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Noncommunicable Disease (CASPIAN) study, conducted from 2008 to 2014 on Iranian children and adolescents living in urban and rural areas of 30 provinces in Iran. Participants were selected by cluster multistage sampling method. Results Overall, the study participants consisted of 33,288 students (50.5% boys) with a mean (± SD) age of 12.8 ± 3.2 years. The passive smoking rate was significantly increased from 35.6% in 2008 to 43.2% in 2015 among children and adolescents. According to the multivariate logistic regression, father’s university education, mother’s employment, life satisfaction, and socioeconomic status had a protective role regarding second-hand smoke exposure. In contrast, the father’s self-employment had a positive role in increasing the rate of passive smoking. Conclusion Considering the increasing trend of passive smoking and its considerable adverse health effects, it is necessary to implement large-scale public interventions to reduce the rate and hazards of exposure to tobacco smoke.
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Li C, Khan MM. Smoking and self-rated health status of older men in China. AGING AND HEALTH RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ahr.2021.100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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10
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Kang W. The relationship between smoking frequency and life satisfaction: Mediator of self-rated health (SRH). Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:937685. [PMID: 36569614 PMCID: PMC9768358 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.937685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well-established that smoking is associated with life satisfaction. However, much less is known about how smoking frequency is related to life satisfaction and if self-rated health (SRH) mediates such a relationship. This is important to understand because life satisfaction is related to a lot of outcomes such as morbidity and mortality. The aim of the current study is to test whether smoking frequency relates to life satisfaction via SRH pathway. METHOD Data were extracted from Wave 7 (collected between 2015 and 2016), Understanding Society: the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS). After removing non-smokers and participants with missing variables of interest, 5, 519 smokers out of 39, 293 participants remained for further analysis. Correlation coefficients were calculated between smoking frequency, SRH, and life satisfaction. Mediation analysis was performed by taking smoking frequency as the predictor, SRH as the mediator, life satisfaction as the outcome variable, and demographics as covariates using the mediation toolbox on MATLAB 2018a with 10000 bootstrap sample significance testing (https://github.com/canlab/MediationToolbox). RESULTS The current study found a negative correlation between smoking frequency and life satisfaction [r = -0.09, 95% C.I (-0.12, -0.06), p < 0.001] and between smoking frequency and SRH [r = -0.17, 95% C.I (-0.14, -0.19), p < 0.001], and a positive correlation between SRH and life satisfaction [r = 0.44, 95% C.I (0.41, 0.46), p < 0.001]. Results from the mediation analysis revealed that there is a significant effect of Path a [i.e., smoking frequency to SRH; β = -0.02, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. (-0.02, -0.02)], Path b [SRH to life satisfaction; β = 0.68, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. (0.66, 0.69)], Path c' [direct effect; β = -0.01, p < 0.01, 95% C.I. (0.66, 0.69)], Path c [total effect; β =-0.02, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. (-0.02, -0.02)], and Path a*b [mediation effect; β = -0.01, p < 0.001, 95% C.I. (-0.01, -0.014)]. CONCLUSION SRH partially mediated the negative relationship between smoking frequency and life satisfaction. Findings from the current study may imply that antismoking campaigns and pamphlets are needed to counter the promotion of smoking by the tobacco industry. Moreover, interventions are needed for current smokers to reduce their smoking frequency to improve their life satisfaction, which can promote life satisfaction and positive outcomes associated with better life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixi Kang
- UK DRI Care Research and Technology Centre, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Nasri O, Pouragha H, Baigi V, Shalyari N, Yunesian M. Quality of life and sleep disorders in Tehran Employees Cohort (TEC); Association with secondhand smoking and wealth index. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1473-1481. [PMID: 34900281 PMCID: PMC8617127 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Second-hand smoke is recognized as a major indoor pollutant. Evidences indicated that Second-hand smoke exposure can influence on not only physical health, but also mental well-being. As the correlation of secondhand smoke exposure with sleep quality and quality of life has not yet been clarified sufficiently, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between Second-hand smoke exposure, with sleep quality and quality of life after adjusting for active smoking and other relevant confounders. METHODS The participants of this study were 1790 staff in Tehran University of Medical Sciences with different jobs employed in various academic departments (clinical, research, services, educational and technical ones). They participated voluntarily in this research project and completed the informed consent form between 2018 and 2019. A translated questionnaire of Global Adult Tobacco Survey was used to gather information about smoke exposure. When to evaluate the quality of life, the WHOQOL-BREF tool was applied. All statistical analyses were executed using STATA V14 software. RESULTS High rate of smoking and also exposure to second-hand smoke significantly increased sleep disorder and reduced the quality of life. In other words, smokers or those who are exposed to second-hand smoke suffer from sleep disturbances and had a poorer physical, psychological, and environmental quality of life. Additionally, the results of multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the secondhand-smoke group had 1.38 times higher rate of sleep disorder in comparison with non-smokers, that was statistically significant. The women had 2.68 times higher odds of having sleep disorder compared to men. (95 % CI: 2.20 to 3.27). On the other hand, mean score of psychological domain of quality of life in secondhand-smoke group was lower with the size of difference as 0.66 than that in non-smokers, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Both active smoking and exposure to second hand smoke have a negative impact on sleep quality and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Nasri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Vali Baigi
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naseh Shalyari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Janjani H, Nabizadeh R, Kashani H, Shamsipour M, Aghaei M, Yunesian M. Spatiotemporal variability of exposure to secondhand smoke in Iran during 2009-2020: a systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:46838-46851. [PMID: 34245414 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to provide a systematic review of studies on the prevalence of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in the Iran population as a serious indoor health hazard. A literature review of studies that considered SHS exposure, available in multiple electronic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus published 2009-2020 in English and two Persian databases (SID and Magiran), was carried out following the PRISMA recommendations. A total of 55 studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the quality assessment. The results showed no specific decrease in the prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoke in Iran; however, it appeared that the exposure has been increasing. Distribution of studies in terms of age group revealed that most studies (38%) investigated adults (more than 18 years old), while 34% of the studies considered less than 18 years of age group and a single article considered infants (6-24 months). Based on the present study results, a large population of Iran was exposed to SHS. Moreover, based on Iran's STEPs 2016 (Stepwise Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factors Survey in Iran) study, the overall prevalence of SHS exposure at home (57.5%) was higher than in workplaces (49.2%). The results of the present study recommended that protection measures should be comprehensive in terms of exposure places, and since the exposure prevalence in some provinces was higher than the others, it is especially important to consider the local measures and cultural aspects in SHS control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosna Janjani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Kashani
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Shamsipour
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Aghaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Tobacco use and subjective well-being in university students from 29 countries: A brief report. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2020.1744302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
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14
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Milic M, Levine H, Pekmezovic T, Kisic-Tepavcevic D, Maric G, Popovic A, Stevanovic J, Patil KH, Gazibara T. Is exposure to indoor secondhand smoke associated with poor mental health? Results from non-conflict and post-conflict setting. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2020; 26:1294-1307. [PMID: 32841089 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1810716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between exposure to indoor SHS and self-reported HRQoL among healthy non-smoking students at the University of Belgrade, Serbia and Kosovska Mitrovica located in the post-conflict Kosovo province. Students who presented at Student Public Health Center in Belgrade in 2009 and Kosovska Mitrovica in 2015 for mandatory health checks were invited to participate. Data were collected using socio-demographic and behavioral questionnaire, health-related quality of life questionnaire Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). A total of 82.3% students in Belgrade sample and 76.0% in Kosovska Mitrovica sample reported daily exposure to indoor SHS. After adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics and behavior, daily exposure to indoor SHS for more than 6 hours was associated with poorer Vitality (β = -5.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] -9.49, -1.61) and Mental Health (β = 5.00, 95% CI-8.94, -1.07) only among students at the University of Belgrade. This study showed that the association between longer daily indoor SHS exposure and poor mental health HRQoL was not consistent in non-conflict and post-conflict setting. This association was not found in a post-conflict setting. Strict no smoking policies are needed in student housing, university campuses and all public spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Milic
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina Temporarily Seated in Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Hagai Levine
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tatjana Pekmezovic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Gorica Maric
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Popovic
- Faculty for Sports and Physical Education, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Stevanovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina Temporarily Seated in Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | | | - Tatjana Gazibara
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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15
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Roshanfekr P, Ghaffari S, Shafiee G, Karimi SE, Varmaghani M, Sharifi F, Reza Masjedi M. Domestic Exposure to Tobacco Smoke in Children <10 Years: Findings From Iran’s Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey (IrMIDHS-2010). JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2020.1789528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Payam Roshanfekr
- Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sonia Ghaffari
- Tobacco Control Research Center, Iranian Anti-Tobacco Association, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salah Eddin Karimi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Varmaghani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farshad Sharifi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Merianos AL, Mahabee-Gittens EM. Screening, Counseling, and Health Care Utilization Among a National Sample of Adolescent Smokers. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2020; 59:467-475. [PMID: 32054291 PMCID: PMC7216227 DOI: 10.1177/0009922820905875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to assess the association between cigarette smoking and tobacco use screening and advising to quit use by a clinician among adolescents nationwide. We also examined the relationships between smoking and health-related indicators and health care utilization. A secondary analysis of the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health was conducted (N = 11 884). Ever smokers were less likely to be screened for tobacco use. Current smokers and those who were nicotine dependent were more likely to have been advised to quit use. Ever and current smokers were significantly more likely to report good/fair/poor health status, illness-related school absenteeism in the past 30 days, and were more likely to have had an emergency department visit or an overnight hospital stay. Standardized tobacco control efforts are needed in health care settings to support clinicians to screen all adolescents for tobacco use and advise every smoker irrespective of smoking frequency to quit use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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17
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Abdollahpour I, Mooijaart S, Aguilar-Palacio I, Salimi Y, Nedjat S, Mansournia MA, de Courten M. Socioeconomic status as the strongest predictor of self-rated health in Iranian population; a population-based cross-sectional study. J Psychosom Res 2019; 124:109775. [PMID: 31443805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little evidence comparing the role of subjective versus objective indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) on individuals' self-rated health (SRH) in Iran. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate underlying predictors of SRH including subjective and objective SES in Tehran, a multi-ethnic city. METHOD This is an analysis of cross-sectional survey data on subjective and objective SES from a population-based case-control study conducted in Tehran, Iran (2015). We used random digit dialing for study sample recruitment. Linear regression models were used for estimating crude and adjusted coefficients (95% confidence intervals). Age, gender, SES as well as cigarette smoking were included as confounders. RESULTS 15-50 years old residents of Tehran were recruited in the study (n = 1057). High reported objective and subjective SES was consistently associated with a better SRH. Subjective current SES (p < .001), subjective adolescence SES (p = .018), change in subjective SES (current vs. adolescent) (p = .034) and participants' education years (p < .001). Improvements over time in current SES in comparison to SES rated during adolescence increased the participants' SRH after adjustment for potential confounders (coefficient = 0.170, 95% CI: (0.015, 0.325)). Female participants (coefficient = -0.305, 95% CI: (-0.418, -0.192)) and smokers (high category vs. never smokers) (coefficient = -0.456, 95% CI: (-0.714, -0.197)) reported significantly worse SRH. Increasing age - 0.008 (95% CI: -0.014, -0.002) was associated with decreased SRH. CONCLUSION High subjective and objective SES consistently was the most important predictor of high SRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abdollahpour
- Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Simon Mooijaart
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatrics (C7-Q-44), Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Yahya Salimi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Saharnaz Nedjat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maximilian de Courten
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
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18
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Rarani MA, Heshmat R, Djalalinia S, Motlagh ME, Ziaodini H, Mahdavi-Gorabi A, Taheri M, Ahadi Z, Qorbani M, Kelishadi R. Decomposition of passive smoking inequality in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:18921-18929. [PMID: 31041703 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the socioeconomic inequality in passive smoking in Iranian children and adolescents. Through a multistage random cluster sampling method, a representative sample of 14,400 school students, aged 6-18 years, were enrolled from urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Using a non-linear principal component analysis (NLPCA), the correlated variables were summarized as socioeconomic status (SES). Normalized concentration index (NCI) was used to measure inequality in passive smoking at national and regional SES levels. We decomposed total socioeconomic inequality in passive smoking into explanatory variables to identify the main contributors of inequality in passive smoking in the population studied. Data of 12,327 students and parents were complete for the current study. The response rate was 85.6% (50.9% boys, 71.2% urban residents). About 44% of Iranian students were exposed to passive smoking. The NCI for passive smoking at a national level was - 0.043 (95% confidence interval - 0.035, - 0.012), indicating that passive smoking was more concentrated among poorer children and adolescents. This inequality was statistically significant at a national level and in all regions except for regions with lower middle- and lowest SES levels. Considering the decomposition analysis, the household SES (63%), mothers' educational level (37%), fathers' educational level (29%), and school type (18%) made the largest positive contribution to inequality in passive smoking of children and adolescents. Passive smoking was distributed unequally among Iranian children and adolescents; it was more concentrated among socioeconomically disadvantaged families. Public health policies attentions should be given to reduce passive smoking among low SES children and adolescents living with illiterate or low-educated parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Amini Rarani
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Djalalinia
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hasan Ziaodini
- Health Psychology Research Center, Education Ministry, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majzoubeh Taheri
- Office of Adolescents and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ahadi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Self-rated health and health-related quality of life are related with adolescents' healthy lifestyle. Public Health 2019; 170:89-94. [PMID: 30978580 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Self-rated health (SRH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are related with health outcomes. It is expected that these constructs are also associated with healthy behaviours. Thus, the present study sought to analyse the associations between a healthy lifestyle composite score and SRH and HRQoL among adolescents. STUDY DESIGN This was an observational, cross-sectional study. METHODS Data were obtained from the cross-sectional health behaviour in school-aged children (HBSC) 2014 Portuguese survey. Participants were 5024 adolescents (2373 boys), aged 10-17 years. A composite score of healthy lifestyle was obtained using the combination of the following factors: daily physical activity, sleep at least 8-9 h/night, daily consumption of fruit and vegetables, spend <2 h daily in screen-based behaviours, never drink and never smoke. RESULTS Adolescents with a healthy lifestyle had significantly better SRH and higher HRQoL than those who were not engaged in all healthy behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Healthy lifestyle (composed of physical activity, sleep at least 8-9 h/night, daily consumption of fruit and vegetables, spend <2 h daily in screen-based behaviours, never drink and never smoke) is related to SRH and HRQoL. Promoting a comprehensive approach to these behaviours is a public health strategy to be considered when aiming to improve health, in general, and SRH and HRQoL, in particular.
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20
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Merianos AL, Jandarov RA, Mahabee-Gittens EM. Adolescent Tobacco Smoke Exposure, Respiratory Symptoms, and Emergency Department Use. Pediatrics 2018; 142:e20180266. [PMID: 30082449 PMCID: PMC6317548 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to examine the relationship between distinct tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) measures and TSE-related symptoms and emergency department (ED) and/or urgent care (UC) use among nonsmoking adolescents without asthma diagnoses. METHODS We performed a secondary analysis of 7389 adolescents who completed the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study wave 2. Logistic regression and Poisson regression models were built. RESULTS Adolescents with TSE were at increased risk of reporting: shortness of breath, finding it hard to exercise, wheezing during or after exercise, and dry cough at night. Adolescents who lived with a smoker and had home TSE were at increased odds of reporting wheezing or whistling in the chest, and only adolescents with home TSE were at increased risk of reporting wheezing that disturbed sleep. Adolescents with TSE were less likely to report very good or excellent overall health and physical health but were more likely to report they sometimes, often, or very often missed school because of illness. Participants who lived with a smoker and had TSE ≥1 hour were more likely to have had an ED and/or UC visit. Participants with any TSE were at increased risk of having a higher number of ED and/or UC visits. CONCLUSIONS Different TSE measures uniquely increased the risk of TSE-related symptoms, but any TSE increased the risk of having a higher number of ED and/or UC visits. The providers at these high-volume settings should offer interventions to adolescents who are exposed to tobacco smoke and their families to decrease these symptoms and related morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Merianos
- College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
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21
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Alsubaie ASR. Prevalence and determinants of smoking behavior among male school adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2018; 32:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2017-0180/ijamh-2017-0180.xml. [PMID: 29369814 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective Smoking and tobacco use is a growing public health problem, with often begins in adolescence. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of smoking behavior and the associated determinants among adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire with 453 male adolescent students in Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia. Descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to aggregate the findings and examine associations. Results The prevalence of smoking was 24.3% among adolescents. The main predictors of smoking behavior were found to be age (OR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.3-2.0; p < 0.001), studying in private schools (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2-1.5; p < 0.001), having friends who smoke (OR = 13.9; 95% CI: 6.6-29.9; p < 0.001), smoking parent (OR = 18.1; 95% CI: 8.8-37.1; p < 0.001), perceived poor health (OR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.9-3.9; p = 0.041) and perceived dissatisfaction with life (OR = 4.1; 95% CI: 1.33-13.3; p = 0.017). Smokers were more likely to believe that it is difficult to quit smoking (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 1.6-5.5; p < 0.001). The top reasons for smoking were having smoker friends (78.2%), family neglect (45.5%), having smoker parents (41.8%), family problems (37.3%), enjoyment, and having smoker relatives. Conclusion This study concluded that a considerable proportion of adolescents are smokers. Adolescents with a smoking habit report poorer health and lower life satisfaction than non-smokers. Several personal and social factors were identified as important determinants for smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Saad R Alsubaie
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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