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Garneata L, Garibotto G, Picciotto D, Moore LW. Cognitive Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease: We Are What We Eat. J Ren Nutr 2024; 34:269-272. [PMID: 38852826 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Garneata
- Department of Nehrology and Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; 1st Nephrology Department, Dr Carol Davila Teaching Hospital of Nephrology, Bucharest, Romania.
| | | | - Daniela Picciotto
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Linda W Moore
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
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Huang H, Li J, Shen J, Zhao T, Xiao R, Ma W. Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cognitive Function: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in Obese Chinese Township Population from 45 to 75 Years. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2365-2382. [PMID: 38651005 PMCID: PMC11034566 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s447300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Cognitive dysfunction is highly prevalent in obese people, and food is a key factor in obesity, and dietary inflammatory index (DII) can reflect whether diet has anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory potential. In addition, dietary fatty acid consumption is linked to inflammation, obesity, and cognitive impairment. Erythrocyte membrane fatty acids can reflect dietary fatty acid intake. Our hypothesis was that erythrocyte membrane fatty acids might have a significant impact on the relationship between DII and cognition in obese individuals, and we designed experiments to test the hypothesis. Methods In three villages in Beijing, we collected 579 respondents from individuals 45 to 75 years old and categorized them by body mass index. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score and DII score was calculated and gas chromatography was used to measure the proportion of erythrocyte membrane fatty acids. The relationship between the DII score and cognition was examined using multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression. Mediation analysis can help to understand the causal chain between variables, deeply explore the internal relationship and mechanism of action between variables. So a multiple chain mediation model was developed to investigate the mediating factors between the DII score and cognitive association. Results According to adjusted linear regression, higher DII scores were linked to lower MoCA scores in the obese group. The negative correlation between DII score and cognitive function score remains in binary linear regression. We discovered through mediation analysis that erythrocyte membrane fatty acids mediate the detrimental link between DII and cognitive function in obese individuals. Conclusion We propose that higher DII scores in obese people are associated with a decline in cognitive function. In addition, this effect might be mediated via the fatty acids in the erythrocyte membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Huang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinchen Li
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Shen
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
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Zhu X, Xue J, Maimaitituerxun R, Xu H, Zhou Q, Zhou Q, Dai W, Chen W. Relationship between dietary macronutrients intake and biological aging: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:243-251. [PMID: 37845359 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the association between macronutrient intake and biological age. METHODS Data were collected from 26,381 adults who participated in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Two biological ages were estimated using the Klemera-Doubal method (KDM) and PhenoAge algorithms. Biological age acceleration (AA) was computed as the difference between biological age and chronological age. The associations between macronutrient intakes and AA were investigated. RESULTS After fully adjusting for confounding factors, negative associations were observed between AA and fiber intake (KDM-AA: β - 0.53, 95% CI - 0.62, - 0.43, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β - 0.30, 95% CI - 0.35, - 0.25, P < 0.05). High-quality carbohydrate intake was associated with decreased AA (KDM-AA: β - 0.57, 95% CI - 0.67, - 0.47, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β - 0.32, 95% CI - 0.37, - 0.26, P < 0.05), while low-quality carbohydrate was associated with increased AA (KDM-AA: β 0.30, 95% CI 0.21, 0.38, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β 0.16, 95% CI 0.11, 0.21, P < 0.05). Plant protein was associated with decreased AA (KDM-AA: β - 0.39, 95% CI - 0.51, - 0.27, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β - 0.21, 95% CI - 0.26, - 0.15, P < 0.05). Long-chain SFA intake increased AA (KDM-AA: β 0.16, 95% CI 0.08, 0.24, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β 0.11, 95% CI 0.07, 0.15, P < 0.05). ω-3 PUFA was associated with decreased KDM-AA (β - 0.18, 95% CI - 0.27, - 0.08, P < 0.05) and PhenoAge acceleration (β - 0.09, 95% CI - 0.13, - 0.04, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that dietary fiber, high-quality carbohydrate, plant protein, and ω-3 PUFA intake may have a protective effect against AA, while low-quality carbohydrate and long-chain SFA intake may increase AA. Therefore, dietary interventions aimed at modifying macronutrient intakes may be useful in preventing or delaying age-related disease and improving overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Scientific Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Rehanguli Maimaitituerxun
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Science and Education, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, 415000, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjie Dai
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Wenhang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Zhao T, Huang H, Li J, Shen J, Zhou C, Xiao R, Ma W. Association between erythrocyte membrane fatty acids and gut bacteria in obesity-related cognitive dysfunction. AMB Express 2023; 13:148. [PMID: 38123761 PMCID: PMC10733235 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01655-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia, and the gut microbiota can affect brain cognitive function and obesity through a variety of pathways such as the gut-brain axis. This study aimed to discover how fatty acid affect cognitive function by regulating intestinal flora in obesity. Obese subjects were recruited for cognitive function assessment, and participants were divided into obese group with cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 49) and obese cognitively normal group (Non_MCI, n = 55). In the erythrocyte membrane, the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6) and arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6) and n-6/n-3 ratio was higher in the MCI group than in the Non_MCI group. However, the α-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) percentage of the erythrocyte membrane was lower in the MCI group. We found that Coriobacteriales_Incertae_Sedis was positively correlated with erythrocyte membrane C20:4 n-6 and n-6 PUFA and negatively correlated with cognitive scores in obese patients. In addition, several of the functional pathways we predicted were significantly different in the MCI and Non_MCI groups. Higher levels of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio in the erythrocyte membranes may influence the inflammatory response in the organism causing obesity induced cognitive damage. Moreover, high levels of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio may also affect the intestinal flora of obese patients, which in turn may affect the cognitive function of obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongying Huang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchen Li
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Shen
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Zhou
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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Huang H, Zhao T, Li J, Shen J, Xiao R, Ma W. Gut microbiota regulation of inflammatory cytokines and microRNAs in diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:7251-7267. [PMID: 37733050 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a major comorbidity known as diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD). Studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota is crucial in mediating the cognitive abnormalities that occur in diabetic individuals. Additionally, changes in dietary fatty acid intake levels, inflammatory cytokines, and microRNAs (miRs) have an effect on cognitive performance. However, further studies are needed to identify the link between gut microbiota and cognition in T2DM patients and the role that the above indicators play in this process. In order to provide a new rationale for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes, this study was conducted in the middle-aged and elderly Beijing population to examine the differences in gut microbiota between DACD and T2DM patients as well as to further explore the role of erythrocyte membrane fatty acids, inflammatory cytokines, and miRs in gut microbiota-mediated cognitive impairment. According to the results, the abundance of norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, Acidaminococcus, Enterorhabdus, and norank_f_Clostridium_methylpentosum_group was higher in DACD patients compared to T2DM patients at the genus level. Compared with T2DM patients, plasma interleukin-12 (IL-12) concentrations were significantly higher in DACD patients than in T2DM patients, and IL-12 was significantly positively correlated with norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group. In addition, plasma miR-142-5p was significantly positively correlated with Enterorhabdus and norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group. We therefore hypothesize that cognitive impairment in T2DM patients is associated with altered gut microbial composition and that the effect of microbiota on cognition may be mediated through IL-12 and miR-142-5p. KEY POINTS: • Type 2 diabetes with or without cognitive impairment differs in gut microbiota. • Differential genera of gut microbiota were associated with inflammatory cytokines. • Differential genera of gut microbiota were associated with plasma microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Huang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchen Li
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Shen
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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Liu X, Beck T, Dhana K, Desai P, Krueger KR, Tangney CC, Holland TM, Agarwal P, Evans DA, Rajan KB. Association of Whole Grain Consumption and Cognitive Decline: An Investigation From a Community-Based Biracial Cohort of Older Adults. Neurology 2023; 101:e2277-e2287. [PMID: 37993270 PMCID: PMC10727204 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To examine the association of whole grain consumption and longitudinal change in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory by different race/ethnicity. METHODS We included 3,326 participants from the Chicago Health and Aging Project who responded to a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), with 2 or more cognitive assessments. Global cognition was assessed using a composite score of episodic memory, perceptual speed, and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Diet was assessed by a 144-item FFQ. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the association of intakes of whole grains and cognitive decline. RESULTS This study involved 3,326 participants (60.1% African American [AA], 63.7% female) with a mean age of 75 years at baseline and a mean follow-up of 6.1 years. Higher consumption of whole grains was associated with a slower rate of global cognitive decline. Among AA participants, those in the highest quintile of whole grain consumption had a slower rate of decline in global cognition (β = 0.024, 95% CI [0.008-0.039], p = 0.004), perceptual speed (β = 0.023, 95% CI [0.007-0.040], p = 0.005), and episodic memory (β = 0.028, 95% CI [0.005-0.050], p = 0.01) compared with those on the lowest quintile. Regarding the amount consumed, in AA participants, those who consumed >3 servings/d vs those who consumed <1 serving/d had a slower rate of decline in global cognition (β = 0.021, 95% CI [0.005-0.036], p = 0.0093). In White participants, with >3 servings/d, we found a suggestive association of whole grains with global cognitive decline when compared with those who consumed <1 serving/d (β = 0.025, 95% CI [-0.003 to 0.053], p = 0.08). DISCUSSION Among AA participants, individuals with higher consumption of whole grains and more frequent consumption of whole grain had slower decline in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory. We did not see a similar trend in White adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Liu
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
| | - Todd Beck
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Klodian Dhana
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Pankaja Desai
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Kristin R Krueger
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Christy C Tangney
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas M Holland
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Puja Agarwal
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Denis A Evans
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Kumar B Rajan
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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Lorenzo-Mora AM, Lozano-Estevan MDC, Ghazi Y, González-Rodríguez LG. [Alzheimer's disease. Current evidence on the preventive role of nutrition]. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:41-45. [PMID: 37929898 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: in the last decades, a significant increase in the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been observed. Currently, there are no effective pharmacological treatments available, which makes preventive measures particularly important. Objective: to analyze the available scientific evidence on nutritional and dietary factors and their association with AD prevention. Methods: a review of nutritional and dietary factors related to the prevention of AD was conducted. Results: several dietary components have been positively associated with AD prevention, including intake of complex carbohydrates, fiber, omega-3, plant-based proteins, vitamins (folates, choline, vitamin D, C, B6 and B9), zinc, some bioactive compounds such as flavonols and probiotics. Following the Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) y Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets has been associated with a lower risk of developing the disease. Conclusion: nutrition may have a protective role against AD, although further studies are needed in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Lorenzo-Mora
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid
| | | | - Yalda Ghazi
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Beathard KM, Georghiades N, Goulart JB, Riviere AJ, Sullivan C, Mascarro M, Riechman SE. The impact of nutrition on visual cognitive performance in the nutrition, vision, and cognition in sport study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1208890. [PMID: 37426184 PMCID: PMC10327434 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1208890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of nutritional intake on visual perceptual-cognitive performance (VCP) in young healthy adults. Methods Ninety-eight healthy men (n = 38) and women (n = 60) aged 18-33 years participated and maintained their usual dietary intake throughout the study. VCP was measured using the NeuroTracker™ CORE (NT) 3-Dimensional (3-D) software program (15 training sessions) over a 15-day period. Food logs and extensive lifestyle measures including body composition, cardiovascular health, sleep and exercise patterns, and general readiness to perform were collected. Mean intake from 10 food logs collected over the 15 days were analyzed using Nutribase software. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS using repeated measures ANOVA including significant covariates when appropriate. Results Males consumed significantly more calories, macronutrients, cholesterol, choline, and zinc and performed significantly better on VCP than the females. Participants who consumed more than 40% of kcals from carbohydrates (p = 0.038), less than 24% of kcals from protein (p = 0.009), more than 2,000 μg/day lutein/zeaxanthin or more than 1.8 mg/ day vitamin B2 performed significantly better on VCP than those who consumed less than those amounts, respectively. Discussion VCP is an important dimension of cognitive function and in the present study is influenced by higher carbohydrate, lutein/ zeaxanthin, and vitamin B2 dietary intake while high protein consumption and the female sex negatively impacted VCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Beathard
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Nicos Georghiades
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jenna B. Goulart
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Aaron J. Riviere
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Caroline Sullivan
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Melanie Mascarro
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Steven E. Riechman
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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Norgren J, Sindi S, Sandebring-Matton A, Ngandu T, Kivipelto M, Kåreholt I. The Dietary Carbohydrate/Fat-Ratio and Cognitive Performance: Panel Analyses in Older Adults at Risk for Dementia. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100096. [PMID: 37275847 PMCID: PMC10236460 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Roughly 80% of total energy intake (TEI) in most human diets originates from digestible carbohydrates (eCarb) and fat (eFat), but the impact of their proportions on cognitive performance is poorly understood. Objectives Our primary aim was to investigate estimates of global cognition in relation to macronutrient intake, with the log-ratio eCarb/eFat (CFr) as the primary predictor variable of interest. Secondary predictors were protein and the saturated/total fat ratio. Exploratory comparisons of CFr with eCarb and eFat as separate predictors were an additional aim. Methods The observations were made on panel data (years 0, 1, 2) from the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability, n = 1251; age 60-77 y; 47% females; selected by risk factors for dementia. Self-reported diet was assessed by 3-d food records. Global cognition was measured using a modified Neuropsychological Test Battery. A mixed linear regression model was used, adjusted for age, sex, education, body-mass index, cholesterol-lowering drugs, TEI, time, time × intervention/control group, with study site and subject as random factors. Estimates were standardized (mean = 0; SD = 1) with 95% CI. Results CFr had a negative estimate to global cognition (β = -0.022, CI: -0.039, -0.005; P = 0.011). The point estimate for protein was β = 0.013 (P = 0.41), and for the saturated/total fat ratio, associations with cognition were nonlinear. CFr correlated highly with eCarb (Pearson's r = 0.92) and eFat (r = -0.94). The point estimate for CFr fell between eCarb (β = -0.026, P < 0.001) and (inversely) eFat (β = 0.017, P = 0.090). Conclusions A lower CFr was associated with better global cognition among older adults at risk for dementia. Because this is an important target group for preventive interventions, clinical trials are warranted to further investigate the impact of macronutritional composition on cognitive health. The potential role of CFr as a predictor for cognitive health should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Norgren
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shireen Sindi
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Sandebring-Matton
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Medical Unit Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholms Sjukhem, Research and Development Unit, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingemar Kåreholt
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Gerontology, School of Health and Welfare, Aging Research Network-Jönköping, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Puri S, Shaheen M, Grover B. Nutrition and cognitive health: A life course approach. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1023907. [PMID: 37050953 PMCID: PMC10083484 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1023907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple factors affect cognitive health, such as age-related changes in the brain, injuries, mood disorders, substance abuse, and diseases. While some cannot be changed, evidence exists of many potentially possibly modifiable lifestyle factors: diet, physical activity, cognitive and social engagement, smoking and alcohol consumption which may stabilize or improve declining cognitive function. In nutrition, the focus has been mainly on its role in brain development in the early years. There is a strong emerging need to identify the role of diet and nutrition factors on age-related cognitive decline, which will open up the use of new approaches for prevention, treatment or management of age-related disorders and maintaining a good quality of life among older adults. While data on effect of high protein diets is not consistent, low-fat diets are protective against cognitive decline. Several micronutrients like B group vitamins and iron, as well as many polyphenols play a crucial role in cognitive health. Mediterranean, Nordic, DASH, and MIND diets are linked to a lower risk of cognitive decline and dementia. The relationship between the gut microbiome and brain function through the gut-brain axis has led to the emergence of data on the beneficial effects of dietary fibers and probiotics through the management of gut microbes. A “whole diet” approach as well as macro- and micro-nutrient intake levels that have protective effects against cardiovascular diseases are most likely to be effective against neurodegenerative disorders too. Young adulthood and middle age are crucial periods for determining cognitive health in old age. The importance of cardio metabolic risk factors such as obesity and hypertension, smoking and physical inactivity that develop in middle age suggest that preventive approaches are required for target populations in their 40s and 50s, much before they develop dementia. The commonality of dementia risk with cardiovascular and diabetes risk suggests that dementia could be added to present non-communicable disease management programs in primary healthcare and broader public health programs.
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11
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Unión-Caballero A, Meroño T, Andrés-Lacueva C, Hidalgo-Liberona N, Rabassa M, Bandinelli S, Ferrucci L, Fedecostante M, Zamora-Ros R, Cherubini A. Apolipoprotein E gene variants shape the association between dietary fibre intake and cognitive decline risk in community-dwelling older adults. Age Ageing 2023; 52:7008633. [PMID: 36729469 PMCID: PMC10144730 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND healthy dietary patterns have been associated with lower risk for age-related cognitive decline. However, little is known about the specific role of dietary fibre on cognitive decline in older adults. OBJECTIVE this study aimed to examine the association between dietary fibre and cognitive decline in older adults and to assess the influence of genetic, lifestyle and clinical characteristics in this association. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS the Invecchiare in Chianti, aging in the Chianti area study is a cohort study of community-dwelling older adults from Italy. Cognitive function, dietary and clinical data were collected at baseline and years 3, 6, 9 and 15. Our study comprised 848 participants aged ≥ 65 years (56% female) with 2,038 observations. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES cognitive decline was defined as a decrease ≥3 units in the Mini-Mental State Examination score during consecutive visits. Hazard ratios for cognitive decline were estimated using time-dependent Cox regression models. RESULTS energy-adjusted fibre intake was not associated with cognitive decline during the 15-years follow-up (P > 0.05). However, fibre intake showed a significant interaction with Apolipoprotein E (APOE) haplotype for cognitive decline (P = 0.02). In participants with APOE-ɛ4 haplotype, an increase in 5 g/d of fibre intake was significantly associated with a 30% lower risk for cognitive decline. No association was observed in participants with APOE-ɛ2 and APOE-ɛ3 haplotypes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE dietary fibre intake was not associated with cognitive decline amongst older adults for 15 years of follow-up. Nonetheless, older subjects with APOE-ɛ4 haplotype may benefit from higher fibre intakes based on the reduced risk for cognitive decline in this high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Unión-Caballero
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d'Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Tomás Meroño
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d'Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Cristina Andrés-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d'Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d'Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Montserrat Rabassa
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d'Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Massimiliano Fedecostante
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro di ricerca per l'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Raúl Zamora-Ros
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia, Xarxa d'Innovació Alimentària (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro di ricerca per l'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
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Garrido-Dzib AG, Chávez-Loría G, Magallón-Zertuche V, Avila-Nava A, Palacios-González B, Gutiérrez-Solis AL. Micro- and Macronutrient Intake and Food Group Frequency Consumed by Subjects with Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Latin America: A Systematic Review. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:425-439. [PMID: 37302035 PMCID: PMC10357157 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition has relevant role in the pathogenesis of dementia. However, in Latin American Countries (LAC), it is unknown which type of diet the subjects with dementia and cognitive dysfunction have. OBJECTIVE The main purpose of this study was to determine micro- and macronutrients and food frequency intake among the LAC population with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. METHODS A systematic review using PubMed, Cochrane, Lilacs, and Scielo databases. Energy intake as well as micro- and macronutrients intake were analyzed using a random-effect model and presented in a forest plot. RESULTS Nine articles were included, an estimated energy intake of 1598.47 kcal (95% CI 1351.07-1845.88) was obtained. A daily consumption of 73.64 g/day (95% CI 64.07-83.2) of protein; 262.17 g/day (95% CI 214.51-309.93) of carbohydrates, and 57.91 g/day (95% CI 49.16-66.66) of fats were reported. A micronutrients daily intake consumption of 201.35μg/day of vitamin B9 (95% CI 125.32-277.38); 5.61μg/day of vitamin B12 (95% CI 2.53-8.70), and 139.67 mg/day of vitamin C (95% CI 59.33-220.02). Mineral intake of 637.32 mg/day of calcium (95% CI 288.54-986.11) and 9 mg/day of iron (95% CI 2.28-15.71) was obtained. A low intake of fruits and vegetables was found. CONCLUSION Individuals with MCI and dementia from LAC have a nutritional deficiency characterized by a lower intake of fruits and vegetables, a high consumption of carbohydrates and protein, adequate fats intake and vitamins B12, vitamin C, and iron consumption, but a low intake of vitamin B9 and calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Gabriel Garrido-Dzib
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán (HRAEPY), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Geovanni Chávez-Loría
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán (HRAEPY), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Valeria Magallón-Zertuche
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán (HRAEPY), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
- Becario de la Dirección General de Calidad y Educación en Salud (DGCES), Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Azalia Avila-Nava
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán (HRAEPY), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Berenice Palacios-González
- Laboratorio de envejecimiento saludable del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Centro de Investigación sobre el Envejecimiento, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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13
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Jia X, Su C, Du W, Zhang X, Wang L, Huang F, Bai J, Wei Y, Wang Z, Zhang B, Wang H. Association of Dietary Quality with Cognitive Function in Chinese Adults Aged 55 Years and Above: A Longitudinal Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:514-523. [PMID: 37498099 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diet is an important modifiable factor for brain health and aging. Present study aimed to explore association of dietary quality with cognitive function and poor cognition in middle-aged and older adults participating in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). DESIGN A longitudinal study with a twenty-year follow-up. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Data were drawn from the CHNS 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2015 and 2018. Subjects aged 55 years and more who participated in at least two waves and had completed data on socio-demographics, lifestyle, disease history, anthropometrics, dietary measure and cognitive assessment were eligible in present study. METHODS Baseline diet were assessed by 3-day 24-hour dietary recalls and used to evaluate diet quality via China Elderly Dietary Guidelines Index 2022 (CDGI 2022-E). Cognitive function was examined using part items of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified. Three-level linear mixed effects models and three-level mixed effects logistic regression models were performed to estimate the association between diet quality and cognitive function and odds of poor cognition, respectively. RESULTS At baseline, 4173 subjects with median age of 63.7 years were recruited. Median of CDGI 2022-E total score was 44.7. Median score of global cognition was 16.0, and the proportion of people with poor cognitive function was 13.9%. Difference in global cognitive score was observed by tertiles of CDGI 2022-E (p<0.05). Significant associations of high diet quality with increment in global cognitive score [β (95%CI): 0.704 (0.394~1.015)], composite cognitive z score [0.086 (0.045~0.128)] and standardized verbal memory score [0.221 (0.122~0.320)] were observed in total subjects. Consistent associations were also found in those below 65 years at baseline. The likelihood of poor cognition in the highest tertile of CDGI 2022-E decreased by 18% (95%CI: 0.698~0.965) relative to the lowest tertile group in total population. CONCLUSIONS High diet quality may be beneficial for improving cognitive function and delaying cognitive decline in Chinese middle-aged and older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Jia
- Wang Huijun, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China, Tel: +86-010-66237089;
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14
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Wang X, Li T, Ding H, Liu Y, Liu X, Yu K, Xiao R, Xi Y. The role of dietary patterns and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid patterns on mild cognitive impairment. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1005857. [PMID: 36407514 PMCID: PMC9673906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1005857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary fatty acids have been shown to be associated with the development of cognition. However, research on the role of fatty acid intake in dietary patterns and fatty acid patterns (FAPs) in the development of cognitive function is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between dietary patterns and FAPs and to provide available evidence for preventing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) through these patterns. Materials and methods The 973 participants aged between 65 and 85 were recruited from 2020 to 2021 for this multicenter research in Beijing. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation, and data of dietary intake in the past 12 months were collected with semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profile was tested by chromatography and mass spectrometry lipid profiling. Factor analysis was used to derive the main dietary patterns and FAPs. Pearson’s correlation or Spearman’s correlation was used to explore the association between dietary patterns and FAPs. Binary logistic regression was applied to examine the relationship between patterns and cognitive function. Results Six dietary patterns and six FAPs were identified, explaining 53.4 and 80.9% of the total variance separately. After adjusting all potential confounders, T3 of the pattern 1 and FAP2 were the independent protect factors for MCI, respectively (OR 0.601, 95% CI [0.395, 0.914]; OR 0.108, 95% CI [0.019, 0.623]). Rich of SM (26:0), SM (24:1), and SM (26:1) is the characteristic of FAP2. A positive correlation was found between component scores of dietary pattern1 and FAP2 (r = 0.441, p = 0.001). People who adhered to a reasonable intake of animal flesh consumed more various long-chain fatty acids as well. Conclusion The erythrocyte membrane metabolites, SM (26:0), SM (24:1), and SM (26:1), might function as early biomarkers for predicting or monitoring of cognitive aging in the elderly. The dietary pattern with recommended animal flesh consumption was significantly associated with FAP characterized by very long-chain SMs. This dietary pattern affected FAP, which might achieve the ultimate goal of neuroprotection through the very long-chain SMs. A rational intake of dietary fatty acids might be an effective way on preventing MCI in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huini Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Liu
- Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | - Kang Yu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuandi Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuandi Xi,
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15
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Gao R, Yang Z, Yan W, Du W, Zhou Y, Zhu F. Protein intake from different sources and cognitive decline over 9 years in community-dwelling older adults. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1016016. [PMID: 36311592 PMCID: PMC9614310 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine the association of protein intake from different sources with cognitive decline. Methods Our analysis included 3,083 participants aged 55-93 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Cognition was assessed in 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, and 2015. Diet intake was assessed using weighing methods in combination with 24-h dietary recalls for three consecutive days at each survey. Results Participants consumed 13.94% of energy intake from total protein, with 11.47 and 2.47% from plant and animal sources, respectively. During a follow-up of 9 years, participants in quintile 5 of plant protein intake (% energy) had a higher risk [odds ratio (95% CI): 3.03 (1.22-7.53)] of cognitive decline compared with those in quintile 1. Higher animal protein intake (% total protein) was associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline [odds ratio (95% CI) for quintile 5 vs. quintile 1: 0.22 (0.07-0.71)]. Grains (plant source) protein intake was inversely but fish/shrimp and poultry (animal source) protein intake were positively associated with change in cognitive Z-score. Conclusion Increasing animal protein consumption in a population with plant dominant diets may help to prevent cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongtao Gao
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- Tai'an Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Tai'an, China
| | - Wenju Yan
- Department of Vascular Cardiology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, China
| | - Weiping Du
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China,*Correspondence: Feng Zhu
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16
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Association between egg consumption and cognitive function among Chinese adults: long-term effect and interaction effect of iron intake. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1180-1189. [PMID: 34736543 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The association between egg consumption and cognitive function is inclusive. We aimed to assess the association between egg consumption and cognitive function in Chinese adults and tested the interaction between egg consumption and Fe intake. The data used were from a nationwide sample (n 4852, age ≥ 55 years) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey between 1991 and 2006. Assessment of cognitive function was conducted in 1997, 2000, 2004 and 2006. Dietary egg intake was obtained by 24-h dietary recalls of 3 consecutive days during home visits between 1991 and 2006. Multivariable mixed linear regression and logistic regression were used. Egg intake was positively associated with global cognitive function. In fully adjusted models, across the quartiles of egg intake the regression coefficients were 0, 0·11 (95 % CI -0·28, 0·51), 0·79 (95 % CI 0·36, 1·22) and 0·92 (95 % CI 0·43, 1·41), respectively. There was a significant interaction between egg intake and Fe intake. The association between high egg intake and cognitive function was stronger among those with low Fe intake than those with high Fe intake. In addition, there was a significant interaction between egg consumption and sex, with the association mainly observed in women but not men. Furthermore, compared with non-consumers, those with higher egg consumption (Q4) had the OR of 0·93 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·19), 0·84 (95 % CI 0·69, 1·02) for self-reported poor memory and self-reported memory decline, respectively. Higher egg intake is associated with better cognition in Chinese adults among those with low Fe intake.
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Hawley AL, Liang X, Børsheim E, Wolfe RR, Salisbury L, Hendy E, Wu H, Walker S, Tacinelli AM, Baum JI. The potential role of beef and nutrients found in beef on outcomes of wellbeing in healthy adults 50 years of age and older: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Meat Sci 2022; 189:108830. [PMID: 35483315 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Shifts in wellbeing and health occur as we age. As life expectancy increases, maintenance of wellbeing and health becomes increasingly important. Nutrients found in beef are associated with outcomes of wellbeing such as physical and cognitive function, lean body mass, and mood in older adults and individuals with chronic disease. However, it is unclear how beef and nutrients found in beef impact wellbeing in healthy adults ≥50 years of age. This study systematically reviewed evidence linking the intake of beef and nutrients found in beef to markers of wellbeing in healthy adults. PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched up to August 31, 2021 for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Nutrients included in the analysis were beef, red meat, dietary protein, essential amino acids, branched chain amino acids, tryptophan, arginine, cysteine, glycine, glutamate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, choline, zinc, and iron. We identified nine RCTs with results from 55 measurements of markers of wellbeing. An overall positive effect was found of beef and beef's nutrients on wellbeing. There was an overall positive effect of amino acids and protein on wellbeing, with no effect of arginine, vitamin B-12, leucine, and zinc. Physical function was also influenced by beef and nutrients found in beef. Eight of the studies found focused on specific nutrients found in beef, and not beef itself in older adults with one or more chronic diseases. This study identified a need for further research regarding the effect of beef and nutrients found in beef on defined functional outcomes of wellbeing in healthy adults ≥50 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubree L Hawley
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Xinya Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Human Resources, and Communication Disorders, College of Education and Health Professions, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Elisabet Børsheim
- Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America; Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynold's Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Robert R Wolfe
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynold's Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Lutishoor Salisbury
- University of Arkansas Libraries, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Emma Hendy
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Hexirui Wu
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Sam Walker
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Angela M Tacinelli
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America
| | - Jamie I Baum
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; Department of Food Science, Bumpers College for Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America.
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Shen J, Li J, Hua Y, Ding B, Zhou C, Yu H, Xiao R, Ma W. Association between the Erythrocyte Membrane Fatty Acid Profile and Cognitive Function in the Overweight and Obese Population Aged from 45 to 75 Years Old. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040914. [PMID: 35215564 PMCID: PMC8878599 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fatty acid intake is closely related to the cognitive function of the overweight and obese population. However, few studies have specified the correlation between exact fatty acids and cognitive functions in different body mass index (BMI) groups. We aimed to explain these relationships and reference guiding principles for the fatty acid intake of the overweight and obese population. Normal weight, overweight, and obese participants were recruited to receive a cognitive function assessment and dietary survey, dietary fatty acids intake was calculated, and the erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profile was tested by performing a gas chromatography analysis. The percentages of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in the obese group were higher, while monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were lower than in the normal weight and overweight groups. In the erythrocyte membrane, the increase of n-3 PUFAs was accompanied by cognitive decline in the overweight group, which could be a protective factor for cognitive function in the obese group. High n-6 PUFAs intake could exacerbate the cognitive decline in the obese population. Dietary fatty acid intake had different effects on the cognitive function of overweight and obese people, especially the protective effect of n-3 PUFAs; more precise dietary advice is needed to prevent cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Shen
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (R.X.)
| | - Jinchen Li
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (R.X.)
| | - Yinan Hua
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (R.X.)
| | - Bingjie Ding
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China;
| | - Cui Zhou
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (R.X.)
| | - Huiyan Yu
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (R.X.)
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (R.X.)
| | - Weiwei Ma
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (R.X.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Shen J, Yu H, Li K, Ding B, Xiao R, Ma W. The Association Between Plasma Fatty Acid and Cognitive Function Mediated by Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:1423-1436. [PMID: 35573864 PMCID: PMC9091472 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s353449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To verify the mediating role of inflammatory factors in plasma fatty acid-induced changes in cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS In this study, we evaluated the cognitive function of 372 Chinese patients (the average age was 58.00 (52.50, 63.00) years) with T2DM by using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), with plasma fatty acids measured by gas chromatography analysis and inflammatory cytokines determined by immune turbidimetric analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to investigate whether there was a correlation between the plasma fatty acids, inflammatory cytokine levels and cognitive test scores in Chinese patients with T2DM. RESULTS We found that the increase of waist circumference and hip circumference might lead to cognitive impairment and induce the inflammatory response. Higher saturated fatty acids (SFAs) levels in plasma were linked to cognitive decline, while higher monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) intake might be a protective factor for cognitive function. In addition, higher levels of plasma n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs) stood out as having association with lower cognitive function scores, while higher level of plasma C22:6 n-3 could be a predictor of better cognitive function. In our study, higher SFAs led to higher proinflammatory factor levels. Apart from that, MUFAs and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-18 (SCD-18) were positively related to hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Meanwhile, higher level of plasma C20:0 could lead to better MMSE delayed recall by reduce the expression of hs-CRP. CONCLUSION Levels of plasma SFAs, C18:3 n-6, and C20:3 n-6 could be a predictor for worse cognitive function, while MUFAs and C22:6 n-3 could be a predictor for better cognitive function. The level of hs-CRP could be a mediator of C20:0 induced the change of cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Shen
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiyan Yu
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaifeng Li
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Innovation Center, Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Ding
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Weiwei Ma, School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-10-83911651, Email
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20
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Shang X, Hill E, Zhu Z, Liu J, Ge Z, Wang W, He M. Macronutrient Intake and Risk of Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Nine-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 85:791-804. [PMID: 34864666 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the association between macronutrient intake and incident dementia. OBJECTIVE To identify an optimal range of macronutrient intake associated with reduced risk of dementia. METHODS Our analysis included 93,389 adults aged 60-75 years from the UK Biobank. Diet was assessed using a web-based 24-h recall questionnaire between 2009-2012. Dementia was ascertained using hospital inpatient, death records, and self-reported data up to January 2021. We calculated a macronutrient score based on associations between an individual's macronutrient intake and incident dementia. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 8.7 years, 1,171 incident dementia cases were documented. We found U-shape relationships for carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake with incident dementia. Compared to individuals with optimal carbohydrate intake, those with high intake (HR (95%CI): 1.48(1.15-1.91)) but not low intake (1.19(0.89-1.57)) had a higher risk of dementia. In the multivariable analysis, a low-fat intake (HR (95%CI): 1.42(1.11-1.82)) was associated with a higher risk of all-cause dementia. After adjustment for covariates, a high (HR (95%CI): 1.41(1.09-1.83)) but not low protein intake (1.22(0.94-1.57)) was associated with an increased risk of dementia. Individuals in quintiles 3-5 of optimal macronutrient score had a lower risk of dementia compared with those in quintile 1 (HR (95%CI): 0.76(0.64-0.91) for quintile 3, 0.71(0.60-0.85) for quintile 4, 0.74(0.61-0.91) for quintile 5). The association between macronutrient score and incident dementia was significant across subgroups of age, gender, education, and smoking. CONCLUSION Moderate intakes of carbohydrate, fat, and protein were associated with the lowest risk of incident dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Shang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Edward Hill
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, TAS, Australia
| | - Zhuoting Zhu
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zongyuan Ge
- Monash e-Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, Airdoc Research, Nvidia AI Technology Research Center, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingguang He
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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21
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Environmental enrichment ameliorates high-fat diet induced olfactory deficit and decrease of parvalbumin neurons in the olfactory bulb in mice. Brain Res Bull 2021; 179:13-24. [PMID: 34848271 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Overweight induced by high-fat diet (HFD) represents one of the major health concerns in modern societies, which can cause lasting peripheral and central metabolic disorders in all age groups. Specifically, childhood obesity could lead to life-long impact on brain development and functioning. On the other hand, environmental enrichment (EE) has been demonstrated to be beneficial for learning and memory. Here, we explored the impact of high-fat diet on olfaction and organization of olfactory bulb cells in adolescent mice, and the effect of EE intervention thereon. Puberty mice (3-week-old) fed with HFD for 10 weeks exhibited poorer odor sensitivity and olfactory memory relative to controls consuming standard chows. The behavioral deficits were rescued in the HFD group with EE intervention. Neuroanatomically, parvalbumin (PV) interneurons in the olfactory bulb (OB) were reduced in the HFD-fed animals relative to control, while EE intervention also normalized this alteration. In contrast, cells expressing calbindin (CB), doublecortin (DCX) in the OB were not altered. Our findings suggest that PV interneurons may play a crucial role in mediating the HFD-induced olfactory deficit in adolescent mice, and can also serve a protective effect of EE against the functional deficit.
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22
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Yeh TS, Yuan C, Ascherio A, Rosner BA, Blacker D, Willett WC. Long-term dietary protein intake and subjective cognitive decline in US men and women. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 115:199-210. [PMID: 34293099 PMCID: PMC8755047 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet is one of the modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline. However, studies on dietary protein intake and cognitive decline have remained limited and inconclusive. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between long-term dietary protein intake and subsequent subjective cognitive decline (SCD). METHODS We included 49,493 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) (1984-2006) and 27,842 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) (1986-2002). For the NHS, average dietary intake was calculated from 7 repeated semi-quantitative FFQs (SFFQs), and SCD was assessed in 2012 and 2014. For the HPFS, average dietary intake was calculated from 5 repeated SFFQs, and SCD was assessed in 2008 and 2012. Poisson regression was used to examine the associations between dietary protein, amino acids, and various protein food sources with subsequent SCD. RESULTS Higher protein intake compared with total carbohydrates was associated with lower odds of SCD. When substituting 5% energy from protein for the equivalent percentage of energy from total carbohydrates, the pooled multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) were 0.89 (0.85, 0.94) for total protein, 0.89 (0.84, 0.94) for animal protein, and 0.74 (0.62, 0.88) for plant protein. When substituting 5% of energy from animal protein with plant protein, the OR was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.97). For protein food sources, higher intakes of beans/legumes, fish, and lean poultry were significantly associated with lower odds of SCD, but higher intake of hotdogs was associated with higher odds of SCD. CONCLUSIONS Higher protein intake was associated with lower odds of SCD when compared isocalorically with carbohydrate. Plant protein sources were also associated with lower odds when compared with animal protein sources. Our findings suggest that adequate protein intake, and choices of protein sources could play a role in the maintenance of cognition and should be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Shin Yeh
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Big Data and Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Alberto Ascherio
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernard A Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah Blacker
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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23
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Muth AK, Park SQ. The impact of dietary macronutrient intake on cognitive function and the brain. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:3999-4010. [PMID: 34139473 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macronutrients - carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - supply the nutrients required for optimal functioning. Inadequate intake compromises both physical and brain health. We synthesized research on macronutrients from whole meals on cognitive function in healthy adults and identified underlying mechanisms. Intake of simple carbohydrates ('sugars') is consistently associated with decreased global cognition whereas consumption of complex carbohydrates correlates with successful brain aging and improved memory both in the short- and long-term. Saturated fatty acid intake correlates with decreased memory and learning scores whereas omega-3 intake correlates positively with memory scores. Protein intake boosts executive function and working memory when task-demands are high. Individual differences affecting the macronutrient-cognition relationship are age, physical activity, and glucose metabolism. Neural correlates reflect findings on cognitive functions: cortical thickness and cerebral amyloid burden correlate with sugar intake, inflammatory status and cerebral glucose metabolism correlate with fatty acid intake. Key mechanisms by which dietary macronutrients affect the brain and cognition include glucose and insulin metabolism, neurotransmitter actions, and cerebral oxidation and inflammation. In conclusion, macronutrient intake affects cognitive function both acutely and in the long-term, involving peripheral and central mechanisms. A healthy diet supports brain integrity and functionality, whereas inadequate nutrition compromises it. Studying diet can be key to nutritional recommendations, thereby improving the landscape of mental health and healthy brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Muth
- Department of Decision Neuroscience and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Soyoung Q Park
- Department of Decision Neuroscience and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetes, Neuherberg, Germany.
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24
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Shang X, Hill E, Li Y, He M. Energy and macronutrient intakes at breakfast and cognitive declines in community-dwelling older adults: a 9-year follow-up cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:1093-1103. [PMID: 33675345 PMCID: PMC8106757 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether breakfast consumption and breakfast composition are independently associated with changes in cognition over a long-term period in older adults. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the associations between energy and macronutrient intakes at breakfast and cognitive declines. METHODS We included 2935 participants aged 55-93 y at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in our analysis. Cognition was assessed in 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, and 2015. Dietary intake was assessed using weighing methods in combination with 24-h food records. RESULTS Breakfast contributed to 25.9% of total energy intake of the day and percentages of breakfast energy intake from protein, fat, and carbohydrates were 12.8%, 11.5%, and 75.7%, respectively. During a median follow-up of 9 y, the β values for changes in global cognitive z-scores for Quintile 5 of protein and fat intakes at breakfast, with Quintile 1 as the reference, were 0.13 (95% CI: 0.01-0.25) and 0.17 (95% CI: 0.04-0.30), respectively. Substitution of 5% energy from carbohydrates with equivalent energy from protein (β, 0.06; 95% CI: 0.01-0.11) or fat (β, 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02-0.08) at breakfast was positively associated with the change in the global cognitive z-score. Energy intake at breakfast was not significantly associated with the global cognitive z-score. Similar results were found for the verbal memory z-score. The positive association of breakfast fat intake and the inverse association of breakfast carbohydrate intake with cognitive declines were stronger in urban residents. CONCLUSIONS Higher intakes of protein and fat and lower intake of carbohydrates at breakfast were associated with a lower rate of cognitive decline in older adults. Substitution of carbohydrates with protein or fat intake at breakfast may help to delay or prevent cognitive declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Shang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guandong Eye Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Edward Hill
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Liu Q, Guo J, Hu L, Veronese N, Smith L, Yang L, Cao C. Association between Intake of Energy and Macronutrients and Memory Impairment Severity in US Older Adults, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3559. [PMID: 33233612 PMCID: PMC7699759 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Without a cure, dementia affects about 50 million people worldwide. Understanding the effects of dietary habits, a key lifestyle behavior, on memory impairment is critical to inform early behavioral modification to delay further memory loss and progression to dementia. We examined the associations of total energy intake and energy intake from macronutrients with memory impairment among older US adults using data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study 2011-2014. A total of 3623 participants aged ≥60 years were analyzed. Comparing to those with low total energy intake, individuals with high intake were more likely to have severe memory impairment (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.02; ptrend = 0.005). Specifically, higher energy intake from carbohydrate (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.26) and sugar (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.11 to 2.16) were both significantly associated with the presence of memory impairment. Additionally, higher energy intake from fat, carbohydrate and sugar were significantly associated with more server memory impairment (fat: ptrend = 0.04; carbohydrate: ptrend = 0.03; sugar: ptrend = 0.02). High energy intake, either total or from carbohydrates, fat or sugar, is associated with memory impairment severity in the older US population. No such association was found in energy intake from protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinran Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Jianjun Guo
- Sports and Medicine Integration Center, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2S 3C3, Canada;
- Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada
| | - Chao Cao
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA;
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The role(s) of inflammation in obesity-associated cognitive decline in overweight or obese populations is not completely understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate the profile of plasma inflammatory cytokines in overweight and obese Chinese individuals and to assess the relationship between inflammation and cognitive function. METHODS We evaluated the cognitive domains of 282 Chinese adults, aged 35 to 64 years, using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The participants were classified into three groups according to their body mass index. Inflammatory cytokines were determined by immune turbidimetric analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were analyzed using covariance and partial correlation analyses after adjusting for gender, age, education level, hypertension, and hyperlipemia. RESULTS The total MoCA scores of the overweight and obese groups were significantly lower than that of the control group. The obese group displayed a significantly higher level of tumor necrosis factor-α than the overweight and control groups and a significantly higher level of transforming growth factor-β than the control group. The overweight group displayed a significantly higher interleukin-4 level than the control and obese groups. After adjusting for confounding factors, however, we found no significant correlation between the level of plasma inflammatory cytokines and MMSE or MoCA total score. CONCLUSIONS Compared to normal-weight Chinese participants, overweight and obese Chinese participants revealed significant differences in their inflammatory cytokines profile; however, the inflammatory cytokine levels did not correlate with the significantly lower cognitive scores observed in the overweight and obese groups.
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Chlebowski RT, Rapp S, Aragaki AK, Pan K, Neuhouser ML, Snetselaar LG, Manson JE, Wactawski-Wende J, Johnson KC, Hayden K, Baker LD, Henderson VW, Garcia L, Qi L, Prentice RL. Low-fat dietary pattern and global cognitive function: Exploratory analyses of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized Dietary Modification trial. EClinicalMedicine 2020; 18:100240. [PMID: 31938786 PMCID: PMC6953641 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.100240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meta-analyses of observational studies associate adherence to several dietary patterns with cognitive health. However, limited evidence from full scale, randomized controlled trials precludes causal inference regarding dietary effects on cognitive function. METHODS The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Dietary Modification (DM) randomized trial, in 48,835 postmenopausal women, included a subset of 1,606 WHI Memory Study (WHIMS) participants >= 65 years old, to assess low-fat dietary pattern influence on global cognitive function, evaluated with annual screening (Modified Mini-Mental State Examinations [3MSE]). Participants were randomized by a computerized, permuted block algorithm, stratified by age group and center, to a dietary intervention (40%) to reduce fat intake to 20% of energy and increase fruit, vegetable and grain intake or usual diet comparison groups (60%). The study outcome was possible cognition impairment (failed cognitive function screening) through the 8.5 year (median) dietary intervention. Those failing screening received a comprehensive, multi-phase cognitive function assessment to classify as: no cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment, or probable dementia. Exploratory analyses examined the composite endpoint of death after possible cognitive impairment through 18.7 years (median) follow-up. The WHI trials are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT00000611. FINDINGS Among the 1,606 WHIMS participants, the dietary intervention statistically significantly reduced the incidence of possible cognitive impairment (n = 126; hazard ratio [HR] 0.59 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38-0. 91, P = 0.01) with HR for dietary influence on subsequent mild cognitive impairment of 0.65 (95% CI 0.35-1.19) and HR of 0.63 (95% CI 0.19-2.10) for probable dementia (PD). Through 18.7 years, deaths from all-causes after possible cognitive impairment were non-significantly lower in the dietary intervention group (0.56% vs 0.77%, HR 0.83 95% CI 0.35 to 2.00, P = 0.16). INTERPRETATION Adoption of a low-fat eating pattern, representing dietary moderation, significantly reduced risk of possible cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women. FUNDING Several Institutes of the US National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan T Chlebowski
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Steve Rapp
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Aaron K Aragaki
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kathy Pan
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kathleen Hayden
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Laura D Baker
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | | | | | - Lihong Qi
- UC Davis Health, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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Abstract
Low carbohydrate diets (LCD) may help body weight loss and glycemic control in diabetes but their long-term consequences are not known. The aim of this review is to highlight the contrast between the potential benefits of short term LCD and the adverse health effects of long-term consumption of LCD. LCD can enhance weight loss in the short term although its effect is small and not sustainable. In people with diabetes and insulin resistance, LCD is helpful in achieving glycemic control. However, there are untoward side effects especially when carbohydrates are severely restricted (< 50 gm a day) to induce ketosis. The latter curbs appetite but also may cause nausea, fatigue water and electrolyte losses and limits exercise capacity. In addition, observational studies suggest that low carbohydrate diets (< 40% energy form carbohydrates) as well as very high carbohydrate diets (> 70% energy from carbohydrate) are associated with increased mortality. The available scientific evidence supports the current dietary recommendations to replace highly processed carbohydrates with unprocessed carbohydrates as well as limiting added sugars in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Mooradian
- Arshag D. Mooradian, M.D. Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, 4th Floor - LRC, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA, Phone: 904-244-8846, Fax: 904-244-8844, E-mail:
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29
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Studnicki M, Dębski KJ, Stępkowski D. Proportions of macronutrients, including specific dietary fats, in prospective anti-Alzheimer's diet. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20143. [PMID: 31882974 PMCID: PMC6934814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we present a novel life-long whole-population study, which enabled us to predict a diet that, in terms of macronutrient proportions, may be prophylactic against Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The method is based on the existence of oscillations in the correlation between historical per capita personal income (PCPI) and age-adjusted death rates (AADR) for AD for each state of the USA in 2005. These oscillations can be explained by changing proportions of macronutrients in the average American diet between 1929 and 2005. We assumed that reducing future correlation of PCPI with AADR will reduce the population's susceptibility to AD. Based on the results of fitting macronutrient availabilities to the variability of Roriginal, using Generalized Additive Models (GAM) analysis, we constructed four "Calculator" equations. The Calculator allowed for prediction of an optimal diet characterized by low correlation of PCPI with AADR (Rpredicted) and minimum energy difference from the historical average macronutrient consumption for each corresponding period of life. We predict that protein consumption should be reduced by half in early middle age and late middle age, whereas in late age it should increase. Our predictions are in line with results on humans and simpler organisms in the context of prolonging life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Studnicki
- Department of Biometry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, ul. Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Konrad J Dębski
- Fork Systems, ul. Broniewskiego 10, 05-850, Duchnice, Poland
| | - Dariusz Stępkowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, ul. Pasteura 3, 02-093, Warszawa, Poland.
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30
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Wahl D, Solon-Biet SM, Cogger VC, Fontana L, Simpson SJ, Le Couteur DG, Ribeiro RV. Aging, lifestyle and dementia. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 130:104481. [PMID: 31136814 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the greatest risk factor for most diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative disease. There is emerging evidence that interventions that improve metabolic health with aging may also be effective for brain health. The most robust interventions are non-pharmacological and include limiting calorie or protein intake, increasing aerobic exercise, or environmental enrichment. In humans, dietary patterns including the Mediterranean, Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) and Okinawan diets are associated with improved age-related health and may reduce neurodegenerative disease including dementia. Rapamycin, metformin and resveratrol act on nutrient sensing pathways that improve cardiometabolic health and decrease the risk for age-associated disease. There is some evidence that they may reduce the risk for dementia in rodents. There is a growing recognition that improving metabolic function may be an effective way to optimize brain health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin Wahl
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; Aging and Alzheimers Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord 2139, Australia.
| | - Samantha M Solon-Biet
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; Aging and Alzheimers Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord 2139, Australia
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; Aging and Alzheimers Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord 2139, Australia
| | - Luigi Fontana
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; Aging and Alzheimers Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord 2139, Australia
| | - Rosilene V Ribeiro
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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31
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Fan R, Zhao L, Ding BJ, Xiao R, Ma WW. The association of blood non-esterified fatty acid, saturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids levels with mild cognitive impairment in Chinese population aged 35-64 years: a cross-sectional study. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:148-160. [PMID: 31079572 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1610606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between blood profiles and cognitive functions or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the Chinese population aged 35-64 years old. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed, which recruited 675 Chinese adults aged 35-64 years old from Beijing, China. Their cognitive performance was assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the serum lipids levels were measured by hexokinase method and colorimetric assay, and the plasma fatty acids profiles were analyzed by fast gas chromatography. RESULTS Among the 675 participants, 84 (12.4%) had MCI. Age, years of education, saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were associated with MMSE scores (all P < 0.05). Age, years of education, smoking, drinking, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), SFAs, MUFAs, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and n-6/n-3 PUFAs were associated with MoCA scores (all P < 0.05). Increased age (P = 0.002) and smoking (P = 0.028) were positively associated with the prevalence of MCI, while educational level (P = 0.005) and alcohol drinking (P = 0.003) both were negatively correlated to the prevalence of MCI. Elevated serum NEFAs (P = 0.032), high plasma SFAs (P = 0.023), and excessive polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) levels (P = 0.033) were significantly associated with increased frequency of MCI. CONCLUSION In the Chinese population aged 35-64 years, advanced age and cigarette smoking were risk factors of MCI, whereas higher educational level and alcohol drinking were protective factors for MCI. Excessive serum or plasma levels of NEFAs, SFAs and PUFAs were associated with an increased risk of MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fan
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Bing-Jie Ding
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Wei Ma
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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32
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Pan H, Huang X, Li F, Ren M, Zhang J, Xu M, Wu M. Association among plasma lactate, systemic inflammation, and mild cognitive impairment: a community-based study. Neurol Sci 2019; 40:1667-1673. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-03900-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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33
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Studnicki M, Woźniak G, Stępkowski D. Correction: The Calculator of Anti-Alzheimer's Diet. Macronutrients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209723. [PMID: 30566523 PMCID: PMC6300257 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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