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Partap U, Nyundo A, Manu A, Regan M, Ismail A, Chukwu A, Dessie Y, Njau T, Kaaya SF, Fawzi WW. Depressive symptoms among adolescents in six sub-Saharan African countries: A pooled analysis of associated factors. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102499. [PMID: 38116275 PMCID: PMC10728441 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a need to identify risk factors, including nutrition-related factors, for depressive disorders among sub-Saharan African (SSA) adolescents. We examined the association of multiple measures with depressive symptoms among adolescents living across six SSA countries. Building on previous analyses, we used data from a cross-sectional study conducted from 2015 to 2017 among adolescents aged 10-19 years in six SSA countries (N = 7512). Depressive symptoms were defined as highest tertile of the 6-item Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale score. Using mixed-effects Poisson regression models, we pooled data across sites and examined the association of sociodemographic, nutrition, and other indices with depressive symptoms. We additionally assessed effect modification by sex, age, and school-going status. We observed higher risk of depressive symptoms among girls (adjusted risk ratio [RR]: 1.29, 95 % confidence interval [95 % CI]: 1.05-1.58, P = 0.016), older adolescents (RR for 18-19 years: 1.59, 95 % CI: 1.44-1.76, P < 0.001), and adolescents experiencing bullying (RR: 1.43, 95 % CI: 1.26-1.62, P < 0.001) or violence (RR: 1.34, 95 % CI: 1.24-1.45, P < 0.001). Adolescents experiencing food insecurity also had a higher risk of depressive symptoms (RR: 1.90, 95 % CI: 1.64-2.19, P < 0.001) along with those consuming ≥ 5 servings of fruit and vegetables per day (RR: 1.18, 95 % CI: 1.03-1.34, P = 0.015); conversely, those who consumed grains, roots and tubers in the past day were at decreased risk (RR: 0.73, 95 % CI: 0.69-0.77, P < 0.001). There was no strong evidence of effect modification of associations. This study reinforces the potential role of multiple sociodemographic and nutrition-related measures on risk of depressive symptoms in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttara Partap
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Azan Nyundo
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Adom Manu
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mathilda Regan
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abbas Ismail
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Angela Chukwu
- Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Yadeta Dessie
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Tasiana Njau
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, College of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Sylvia F. Kaaya
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, College of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Wafaie W. Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhao X, Ruan Z, Tian Y, Du W, Fan L. Estimating the joint effect of household solid fuel use and social isolation on depression among middle-aged and older adults in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166411. [PMID: 37611698 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household solid fuel use and social isolation are reported to increase the risk of depressive symptoms, but their joint effect has not yet been examined. This study aimed to explore the separate and joint effects of household solid fuel use and social isolation on depression. METHODS We used data from the latest four waves (2011-2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Depression was defined as a score of ≥12 using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 10). Cox proportional hazards models were applied to explore the separate and joint associations of household solid fuel use and social isolation with incident depression. RESULTS During the seven-year follow-up, 2793 (30.25 %) out of the 9232 participants were identified with depressive symptoms. Solid fuel use for household heating or cooking was significantly associated with more hazards of depressive symptoms after adjusting for potential confounders (cooking: HR = 1.280, 95 % CI = 1.175-1.394; heating: HR = 1.142, 95 % CI = 1.054-1.238). High social isolation at baseline was also a significant predictor of incident depressive symptoms (HR = 1.139, 95 % CI = 1.053-1.231). Participants exposed to both solid fuel use and high social isolation were found to have higher hazards of experiencing depressive symptoms than those exposed to none or only one of these two risk factors (heating: HR for 'solid fuel use + high social isolation'=1.308 versus HR for other groups = 1-1.185; cooking: HR for 'solid fuel use + high social isolation' = 1.430 versus HR for other groups = 1-1.255). CONCLUSION Household solid fuel use and social isolation were separately and jointly associated with higher risks of incident depression. Appropriate interventions to reduce solid fuel use and social isolation are recommended to improve the psychological health among middle-aged and older adults in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhao
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zengliang Ruan
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yong Tian
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Du
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijun Fan
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Wadood MA, Karim MR, Alim SMAHM, Rana MM, Hossain MG. Factors affecting depression among married adults: a gender-based household cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2077. [PMID: 37875899 PMCID: PMC10594902 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental health problem all over the world including Bangladesh. World Health Organization included it in the Mental Health Gap Action Programme as one of its priority conditions. Research on this issue is scanty in Bangladesh. Therefore, we designed to a gender-based household study on associated factors of depression among married adults in Rajshahi City of Bangladesh. METHODS We conducted this household cross-sectional study from August 01 to October 31, 2019. A total of 708 married adults currently living together in Rajshahi City were recruited for this study. We applied a multi-stage random sampling technique for selecting samples and used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect necessary information from them. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used for measuring depression and frequency distribution and binary logistic regression model were used for data analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of depression (moderate to severe) was 14.4% (95% CI: 11.9-16.9) among married adults, and females (21.2%, 95% CI: 17.2-25.4) suffered more than males (7.6%, 95% CI: 4.8-10.5). A multiple binary logistic regression model established four main factors of depression among married females: (i) multiple marriage [AOR = 19.982; 95% CI: 10.081-39.610; p < 0.01]; (ii) poor relationship with spouse [AOR = 2.175; 95%CI: 1.068-4.428; p < 0.05]; (iii) chronic medical comorbidity [AOR = 1.876; 95%CI: 1.009-2.626; p < 0.05]; and (iv) 7-12 years duration of conjugal life [AOR = 2.091, 1.009-4.334; p < 0.05]. Two main factors of depression among married males were (i) multiple marriage [AOR = 24.605; 95% CI: 20.228-40.402; p < 0.01] and hard work [AOR = 4.358; 95%CI: 1.109-7.132; p < 0.05]. CONCLUSION The prevalence of depression was significantly high among the study population, and females were the most vulnerable group. The concerned authorities and stakeholders should take appropriate measures to manage the problem with special focus on the risk factors and the vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Wadood
- Health Research Group, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezaul Karim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Masud Rana
- Health Research Group, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Golam Hossain
- Health Research Group, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
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Sultana S, Muhammad F, Chowdhury AA, Tasnim T, Haque MI, Hasan BakiBillah A, Hossain MK, Zaman S, Delwer Hossain Hawlader M, Chowdhury M. Association between depressive symptoms of mothers and eating behaviors of school-going children in Urban Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:437. [PMID: 37596580 PMCID: PMC10439587 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02584-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between depressive symptoms among mothers and the eating behaviors of their school-going children in Urban Bangladesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the context of the urban area of Bangladesh. A multistage sampling technique was applied to select 324 children's mothers in Dhaka City. Data were collected from both city corporation settings in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Semi-structured questionnaires were used in this study. We estimated the depressive symptoms among mothers using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. We examined the association of mothers of school-going children's socio-demographic variables and eating behaviors of school-going children with their mother's depression by using chi-square and evaluating the impact of these variables on mothers' depression through univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression. RESULTS In our study, 57.7% of the mothers of school-going children had depressive symptoms, and 42.3% had no depressive symptoms. The study explored that consuming fewer vegetables (AOR = 0.237, 95% CI: 0.099-0.569), taking fewer fruits (AOR = 0.177, 95% CI: 0.093-0.337), and interestingly, taking fast food less than 4 days per week (AOR = 3.024, 95% CI: 1.517-6.031) were significantly associated with mothers' depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Mothers with depressive symptoms of school-going children in Dhaka city are alarmingly high as a grave concern. The eating behaviors of children are associated with their mothers' depressive symptoms. With an aim to build rigorous awareness on depression and child's healthy eating behaviors, it is imperative to arrange health education and awareness related programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Sultana
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh.
| | - Faisal Muhammad
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
- Department of Public & Community Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Frontier University Garowe, Puntland, Somalia
- Otu Institute of Research and Training, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Abm Alauddin Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Tasmia Tasnim
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md Imdadul Haque
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Abul Hasan BakiBillah
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
- Department of Health Economics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kamrul Hossain
- Department of General Educational Development, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjana Zaman
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | | | - Moniruddin Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
- Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia
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Tasneem T, Begum A, Chowdhury MRK, Rahman S, Macassa G, Manzoor J, Rashid M. Effects of acne severity and acne-related quality of life on depressive symptoms among adolescents and young adults: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1153101. [PMID: 37554134 PMCID: PMC10405733 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1153101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is a common mental health disorder and one of the major causes of disability. This study aimed at investigating the relationship of acne severity and acne-related quality of life with depressive symptoms, and the mediating effect of acne-related quality of life in a relationship between acne severity and depressive symptoms. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from acne patients attending a tertiary-level hospital, using a questionnaire that comprised three validated instruments - Investigator's Global Assessment (a single item) scale, Cardiff Acne Disability Index, and Beck Depression Inventory for measuring acne severity, acne-related quality of life, and depressive symptoms, respectively. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to examine the association between acne severity and depressive symptoms and a correlation between the acne-related quality of life and depressive symptoms, respectively. A mediation analysis was also performed to see the mediation effects of acne-related quality of life in a relationship between acne severity and depressive symptoms. RESULTS A total of 185 acne patients (155 females, 83.8%) with a mean age was 22.55 ± 8.67 years were included in the study. Adolescents and young adults with severe and moderate acne had 6.14-and 2.28 times higher odds of depression compared to their peers with mild acne, respectively. Patients with low levels of acne-related quality of life had a higher level of depressive symptoms (β = 0.42, p < 0.001). The total effect (direct + indirect) was also significant (β = 0.27, 95% CI: 1.29-4.09), implying the effect of acne severity on depression. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that acne severity and acne-related quality of life were associated with depressive symptoms among patients with acne vulgaris. The study also indicates that the relationship between acne severity and depressive symptoms might occur through a chain-mediating effect of acne disability in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takfi Tasneem
- International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afroza Begum
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rocky Khan Chowdhury
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Syed Rahman
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gloria Macassa
- Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Manzoor
- Department of Dermatology, Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
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Shamim AA, Hossain MM, Akter F, Urmy NJ, Hanif AAM, Hasan M, Khan MSA, Ullah MA, Bulbul MMI, Mridha MK. Unhealthy Foods and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption Among Bangladeshi Adolescents and Their Sociodemographic Determinants: Findings From a Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e41262. [PMID: 37529825 PMCID: PMC10390030 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of savory crispy or fried snacks (SCFS), sugary snacks (SS), and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) is associated with an increased prevalence of obesity and noncommunicable diseases. We aimed to estimate the consumption of SCFS, SS, and SSB among adolescent males and females in Bangladesh and to report the factors associated with their consumption using data from a nationwide cross-sectional survey. METHODS We interviewed 4,907 adolescent males and 4,865 females for the seven-day recall on intake of SCFS, SS, and SSB from 82 randomly selected clusters from rural, non-slum urban, and slum areas. Sociodemographic and anthropometry data were also collected. RESULTS Consumption of SCFS, SS, and SSB for ≥7 times per week was reported by 11.6%, 28.9%, and 25.6% of the males and 4.9%, 24.8%, and 20.7% of the females, respectively. The weekly mean frequency of SCFS, SS, and SSB intake increased after adjustment for potential confounders among females with higher maternal education and for SCFS and SSB among males with the highest level of father's education. Increased intake of SS and SSB for both males and females was associated with dwelling in a female-headed household. SCFS intake was higher among both males and females from the richest households. Nutritional status, both overweight and obesity, and underweight, was not associated with a more frequent intake of SCFS and SS among males and females; however, a lower frequency of intake of SSB was observed among overweight and obese males. Screen time (television viewing: none, up to 1 hour, and more than 1 hour) was not associated with consumption of SCFS and SSB among both males and females. CONCLUSION Consumption of unhealthy snacks and drinks is high among adolescents in Bangladesh and needs to be addressed through policy and program measures to abate the epidemic of obesity and associated NCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Ahmed Shamim
- Center for Non-communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md Mokbul Hossain
- Center for Non-communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Fahmida Akter
- Center for Non-communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Nushrat Jahan Urmy
- Center for Non-communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Abu Abdullah Mohammad Hanif
- Center for Non-communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md Showkat Ali Khan
- Center for Non-communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Mohammad Aman Ullah
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh, National Nutrition Services (NNS), Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md Mafizul I Bulbul
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh, National Nutrition Services, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Malay K Mridha
- Center for Non-communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, BGD
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Wang H, Bragg F, Guan Y, Zhong J, Li N, Pan J, Yu M. Association between duration of electronic screen use for non-educational purposes and depression symptoms among middle and high school students: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1138152. [PMID: 37261230 PMCID: PMC10229063 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1138152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Existing literature on the association of electronic screen use duration with depression among adolescents is contradictory. The current study aimed to elucidate the association between duration of electronic screen use for non-educational purposes and depression symptoms among middle and high school students in Zhejiang Province, China. Methods A cross-sectional study of 27,070 students in grades 7-12 from 376 middle and high schools was conducted through an anonymous self-administered questionnaire between April and June 2022. Poisson regression was utilized to examine the association between electronic screen use duration for non-educational purposes and depression symptoms. Results Of the 27,006 eligible students, 51.6% (13932) were boys and the mean (SD) age was 15.6(1.7) years. The overall prevalence of symptoms of depression was 22.4% (95%CI 21.4-23.4); girls (27.6%, 26.2-29.0) had a higher prevalence than boys (17.7%, 16.7-18.8). After adjustment for socio-demographic status, lifestyle factors, self-perceived health, academic performance, loneliness and sadness, compared to those who did not use electronic screens for non-educational purposes, the prevalence ratios (PRs) for depression symptoms were 1.03 (95% CI 1.02-1.04) for those exposed to electronic screens for <1 h/day, 1.07 (1.05-1.09) for 1.0-1.9 h/day, 1.10 (1.07-1.13) for 2.0-2.9 h/day, 1.14 (1.10-1.18) for 3.0-3.9 h/day, 1.18 (1.12-1.23) for 4.0-4.9 h/day, and 1.21 (1.15-1.29) for ≥5 h/day. Conclusion Duration of electronic screen use for non-educational purposes was positively associated with symptoms of depression among middle and high school students, even with a relatively short daily duration of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fiona Bragg
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yunqi Guan
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jieming Zhong
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Pan
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of NCDs Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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Khan JR, Muurlink O, Hu N, Awan N, Lingam R. Pregnancy, spousal connectedness, and young married women's mental health: an analysis of the Bangladesh adolescent health and wellbeing survey. Arch Womens Ment Health 2023; 26:235-244. [PMID: 36930396 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-023-01302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Mental health disorders are responsible for 125.3 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost globally, with depression in adolescents rising faster than in adults. In total, more than 90% of the 1.2 billion adolescents in the world live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite the rise in teenage marriage and pregnancy in LMICs, there is a paucity of research on the role of pregnancy as a risk factor for adolescent mental health, and the role of spousal connectedness as a potential protective factor. This study aims to address this gap. A total of 2408 currently married adolescent (aged 15-19 years) women from the Bangladesh Adolescent Health and Wellbeing Survey 2019-2020 were analysed. Multivariable models were used to assess the factors associated with depression symptoms and major depressive disorder (MDD). The prevalence of moderate/severe depressive symptoms or MDD among adolescents was 14.6%, well ahead of south Asian levels. The odds of having moderate/severe depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37-2.76) or MDD (AOR=1.63, 95%CI 1.18-2.25) were higher in pregnant adolescent women than in non-pregnant adolescent women. A closer relationship with one's husband reduced the risk of developing moderate/severe depressive symptoms (AOR=0.90, 95% CI 0.84-0.96) or MDD (AOR=0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.97). Pregnancy and connectedness had no statistically significant interaction effect on depression. There is an urgent need for affordable and scalable interventions to reduce the risk of mental health morbidity in pregnant adolescent women especially in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahidur Rahman Khan
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Olav Muurlink
- School of Business and Law, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nan Hu
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nabil Awan
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Raghu Lingam
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Patel U, Chauhan D, Patel M, Rahul K, Yadav V. Determinants of Depression Among Higher Secondary Students of Private Schools of Science Stream in an Urban Area of Western India. Indian J Community Med 2023; 48:334-339. [PMID: 37323730 PMCID: PMC10263043 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_374_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression, due to its devastating consequences, emerged as the third leading cause of mortality among adolescent school-going children. This necessitates research on determinants of depression among students for effective management. The present study evaluated the various determinants associated with depression among the science students of a private school in Rajkot city, India. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among the 1219 students of a private school of science stream in Rajkot city, adopting multistage sampling methods. Students were screened using Patient Health questionnaire-9 (modified for teens) for depression. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess the determinants associated with depression. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to find out predictors of depression. Results About 31.99% of students were found suffering from depression. Physical illness, academic performance, substance abuse, feeling study tough, difficulties in transport, food, monetary and accommodation at a hostel or home, pressure from parents for study, physical activities, sleep disturbance, and bad relations with teachers and classmates were significantly associated with depression. While parental education, physical illness, addiction to any substance, and academic performance emerged only as a predictor of depression. Conclusion The present study showed a significant proportion of students suffering from depressive symptoms and revealed predictors of depression among the students. These required integrated efforts to minimize the risk of depression among the students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umed Patel
- Department of Community Medicine, P.D.U. Government Medical College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Dixit Chauhan
- Department of Community Medicine, Nootan Medical College and Research Centre, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Mehul Patel
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. N. D. Desai Faculty of Medical Science and Research, Nadiad, Gujarat, India
| | - Kirtikumar Rahul
- Departments of Community Medicine, Banas Medical College and Research Institute, Palanpur, Gujarat, India
| | - Virender Yadav
- Departments of Community Medicine, Banas Medical College and Research Institute, Palanpur, Gujarat, India
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Koly KN, Islam MS, Potenza MN, Mahumud RA, Islam MS, Uddin MS, Sarwar MAH, Begum F, Reidpath DD. Psychosocial health of school-going adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283374. [PMID: 36972260 PMCID: PMC10042372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common psychosocial health problems (PHPs) have become more prevalent among adolescents globally during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the psychosocial health of school-going adolescents has remained unexplored in Bangladesh due to limited research during the pandemic. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PHPs (i.e., depression and anxiety) and assess associated lifestyle and behavioral factors among school-going adolescents in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3,571 school-going adolescents (male: 57.4%, mean age: 14.9±1.8 years; age range: 10-19 years) covering all divisions, including 63 districts in Bangladesh. A semi-structured e-questionnaire, including informed consent and questions related to socio-demographics, lifestyle, academics, pandemic and PHPs, was used to collect data between May and July 2021. RESULTS The prevalence of moderate to severe depression and anxiety were 37.3% and 21.7%, respectively, ranging from 24.7% in the Sylhet Division to 47.5% in the Rajshahi Division for depression, and from 13.4% in the Sylhet Division to 30.3% in the Rajshahi Division for anxiety. Depression and anxiety were associated with older age, reports of poor teacher cooperation in online classes, worries due to academic delays, parental comparison of academic performance with other classmates, difficulties coping with quarantine situations, changes in eating habits, weight gain, physical inactivity and having experienced cyberbullying. Moreover, being female was associated with higher odds of depression. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent psychosocial problems represent a public health problem. The findings suggest a need for generating improved empirically supported school-based psychosocial support programs involving parents and teachers to ensure the well-being of adolescents in Bangladesh. School-based prevention of psychosocial problems that promote environmental and policy changes related to lifestyle practices and active living should be developed, tested, and implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamrun Nahar Koly
- Health System & Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Health System & Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience and Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Rashidul Alam Mahumud
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Md Shefatul Islam
- Aspire to Innovate (a2i), Information and Communication Technology Division, Agargaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Salim Uddin
- Aspire to Innovate (a2i), Information and Communication Technology Division, Agargaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Afzal Hossain Sarwar
- Aspire to Innovate (a2i), Information and Communication Technology Division, Agargaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Begum
- Health System & Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Daniel D Reidpath
- Health System & Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
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Increased Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food Is Associated with Poor Mental Health in a Nationally Representative Sample of Adolescent Students in Brazil. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245207. [PMID: 36558369 PMCID: PMC9783387 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and mental health symptoms in a nationally representative sample of the Brazilian adolescent student population. Cross-sectional analyses with data from the National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE 2019) were performed. Self-reported information was obtained for the frequency of five mental health symptoms in the last month and the consumption of thirteen UPFs in the last 24 h. Generalized linear models adjusting for the main confounders were performed for each sex. Of the 94,767 adolescent students (52.4% girls) included, 8.1% of the boys and 27.2% of the girls reported "almost always" or "always" having at least four of the five mental health symptoms. In the fully adjusted models, compared to the boys who consumed ≤3 UPF, those consuming ≥6 UPF reported more frequent symptoms of poor mental health (ß-coefficient = 0.27 [0.03, 0.51]; p-for-trend = 0.005). A similar association was observed in girls (ß-coefficient = 0.31 [0.13, 0.50]; p-for-trend = 0.001). In conclusion, in this large sample of adolescent students from an entire country, the higher the consumption of UPF was, the higher the frequency of reported symptoms of poor mental health. These findings remained significant regardless of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, self-perceived body image, and bullying victimization.
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The prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among tertiary level students in Bangladesh: A survey in Rajshahi district. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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13
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Santana KS, Junior SJF, Queiroz C, de Oliveira AJ, Machado S, Neto GDAM. Psychological Aspects, Physical Activity Levels and Overweight Concerns: A Cross-over Study of Brazilian Adolescents. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2022; 18:e174501792210120. [PMID: 37274855 PMCID: PMC10156045 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v18-e221020-2022-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction This study aims to identify levels of anxiety, depression, body weight, and levels of physical activity, as well as to verify possible associations among these variables in Brazilian adolescents. It is a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 291 Brazilian adolescents aged 13 to 15 years old (13.75±0.80 years old). Methods Researchers assessed students by filling out questionnaires of anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as the level of physical activity and checking anthropometric measures. Parametric and non-parametric statistics were used to compare groups divided by psychological, physical and overweight factors for boys and girls, adopting a significance level of 95%. Results Results showed higher waist circumference and physical activity levels for boys (p<0.01) and higher scores for anxiety and depressive symptoms questionnaires for girls (p<0.01). In addition, a low prevalence of depression was observed in boys (0.69%/CI0.03-4.36). For anxiety and depression variables in males and females with and without overweight and physically active and inactive, there were significant differences between groups (p < 0.05), but not within groups. Conclusion The identification of a higher prevalence of girls with anxiety and depression was observed in this study and reinforced this information already demonstrated in the scientific literature. In general, the prevalence of depression was low in boys, while the prevalence of overweight, sedentary lifestyle, anxiety and depression were higher in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cássia Queiroz
- Graduate Program of Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Sergio Machado
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Neurodiversity Institute, Queimados-RJ, Brazil
| | - Geraldo de Albuquerque Maranhão Neto
- Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil
- Kardiovize Study, International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
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14
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Li N, Song Q, Su W, Guo X, Wang H, Liang Q, Liang M, Qu G, Ding X, Zhou X, Sun Y. Exposure to indoor air pollution from solid fuel and its effect on depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:49553-49567. [PMID: 35593981 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20841-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of research has investigated the relationship between indoor air pollution from solid fuel and depression risk. Our study aimed to elucidate the relationship between indoor air pollution from solid fuel and depression in observational studies. The effect of indoor air pollution on depression was estimated using pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was evaluated by the I-squared value (I2), and the random-effects model was adopted as the summary method. We finalized nine articles with 70,214 subjects. The results showed a statistically positive relationship between the use of household solid fuel and depression (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.09-1.36). Subgroup analysis based on fuel type groups demonstrated that indoor air pollution from solid fuel was a higher risk to depression (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1. 10-1.39; I2 = 67.0%) than that from biomass (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.96-1.45; I2 = 66.5%). In terms of fuel use, the use of solid fuel for cooking and heating increased depression risk, and the pooled ORs were 1.21 (95% CI = 1.08-1.36) and 1.23 (95% CI = 1.13-1.34). Exposure to indoor air pollution from solid fuel might increase depression risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxia Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanying Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiwei Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital/Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230051, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 238000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
- Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 238000, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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Validity and reliability of the Patient Health Questionnaire scale (PHQ-9) among university students of Bangladesh. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269634. [PMID: 35675375 PMCID: PMC9176811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the reliability and factorial validity of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in the context of university students in Bangladesh. The research aimed to assess whether the original one-dimensional model or a model containing both somatic and cognitive-emotional factors is appropriate in the case of a sample of university students. A repeated cross-sectional survey design based on convenience sampling was used to collect data from 677 university students from both public and private universities. The factor structure of the PHQ-9 was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Measurement invariances were assessed across gender, type of university, level of education and victim of domestic violence. Its convergent validity was determined by investigating its correlations with Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety-Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS). Results showed excellent reliability of PHQ-9 as measured by both Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω. CFA suggested that a modified one-factor model where the error variances between item-3 ('sleeping difficulties') and item-6 ('feeling as a failure'), item-6 and item-9 ('suicidal thoughts'), item-4 ('feeling tired') and item-9, item-3 and item-9 were allowed to covary is appropriate for the sample. This model provided high values of comparative fit index (CFI), goodness of fit index (GFI), and Tucker Lewis Index (TLI), low value of standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) and a non-significant root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) as well as a high Factor Determinacy Score Coefficient. Correlation between PHQ-9 and GAD-7 was 0.751 and 0.934 between PHQ-9 and PHQ-ADS. Finally, the model is strictly invariant across gender and university type. Overall, the study provided support for modified unidimensional structure for PHQ-9 and showed high internal consistency along with good convergent validity.
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Afrin S, Nasrullah SM, Dalal K, Tasnim Z, Benzadid MS, Humayra F, Saif-Ur-Rahman KM, Hawlader MDH. Mental health status of adolescents in-home quarantine: a multi-region, cross-sectional study during COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:116. [PMID: 35513856 PMCID: PMC9069420 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The population's mental and physical health worldwide are currently at risk due to the coronavirus pandemic. We evaluated the mental health status of the adolescents trapped indoors because of the precautionary restrictions and prolonged closure of the educational institutions. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents from multiple urban and semi-urban areas of Bangladesh from 22 January to 3 February 2021. A self-reported online questionnaire containing questions regarding sociodemographic factors, home quarantine-related factors and mental health symptoms was distributed to collect data. Descriptive analysis, bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to measure the association of the variables. Cronbach's alpha was estimated to present the internal consistency of the scales. Results A total of 322 adolescents (aged 12–19) with a mean age of 16.00 years (SD = 1.84) responded to the invitation. 54.97% (n = 177) of them were male, and the participants were predominantly urban residents (87.27%, n = 281). We observed varying degrees of depression in 67.08%, anxiety in 49.38% and stress in 40.68% of the participants according to DASS-21. Age, sex, education, mother's occupation, total monthly income, playing sports, doing household chores, going out of home, watching television, using the internet, attending online classes, changing food habits, and communicating with friends had a positive significant association with mental health burdens. Conclusion Home quarantine has a noticeable adverse impact on the mental health of teenagers. Psychological evaluations and counselling via online and offline programs are essential to improve adolescents' declining mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Afrin
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.,Public Health Professional Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | | | - Koustuv Dalal
- Division of Public Health Science, School of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden.
| | - Zarrin Tasnim
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.,Division of Public Health Science, School of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Md Shadly Benzadid
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.,Augmedix, Panthapath, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farhin Humayra
- Dept. of Medicine, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - K M Saif-Ur-Rahman
- Health System and Population Studies Division, ICDDRB, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.,Public Health Professional Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
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Hanif AAM, Hasan M, Khan MSA, Hossain MM, Shamim AA, Mitra DK, Hossaine M, Ullah MA, Sarker SK, Rahman SMM, Bulbul MMI, Mridha MK. Prevalence and associated factors of insufficient physical activity among elderly people in Bangladesh: a nationally representative cross-sectional study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2021; 7:e001135. [PMID: 34567786 PMCID: PMC8438863 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Insufficient physical activity (IPA) is a crucial risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The elderly population has a higher likelihood of suffering from NCDs. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with IPA among the elderly people in Bangladesh. METHODS We analysed data from the Bangladesh Food Security and Nutrition Surveillance round 2018-2019, collected from 82 rural, non-slum urban and slum clusters selected using multistage cluster sampling. IPA was defined as <150 min of moderate intensity or <75 min of vigorous intensity or equivalent in a typical week. The weighted prevalence of IPA was estimated by gender and across different variables. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated using Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of IPA among elderly people was 38.4%, with a slightly higher prevalence in women (39.7% vs 37.3%). Factors associated with higher prevalence of IPA in both sexes were-higher age, living in non-slum urban areas, unemployed or homemaker, not currently married, sedentary behaviour and self-reported hypertension. Further, >10 years of education, inadequate fruits and vegetable consumption, self-reported asthma and higher waist circumference among men; and higher household income and self-reported diabetes among women were associated with a higher prevalence of IPA. CONCLUSIONS IPA is highly prevalent among Bangladeshi elderly men and women. Sedentary behaviour, inadequate fruits and vegetable consumption and higher waist circumference were the modifiable factors of IPA. Evidence from this study can guide the development of appropriate interventions to promote healthy ageing in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Abdullah Mohammad Hanif
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC University James P Grant School of Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC University James P Grant School of Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Showkat Ali Khan
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC University James P Grant School of Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mokbul Hossain
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC University James P Grant School of Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Ahmed Shamim
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC University James P Grant School of Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Dipak Kumar Mitra
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Moyazzam Hossaine
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC University James P Grant School of Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Aman Ullah
- National Nutrition Services (NNS), Government of Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Samir Kanti Sarker
- National Nutrition Services (NNS), Government of Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S M Mustafizur Rahman
- National Nutrition Services (NNS), Government of Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mofijul Islam Bulbul
- National Nutrition Services (NNS), Government of Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Malay Kanti Mridha
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC University James P Grant School of Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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