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Borgert M, Melin A, Hollander AC, Rahman S. Prenatal maternal PTSD as a risk factor for offspring ADHD: A register-based Swedish cohort study of 553 766 children and their mothers. Eur Psychiatry 2024; 67:e22. [PMID: 38425211 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly heritable, though environmental factors also play a role. Prenatal maternal stress is suggested to be one such factor, including exposure to highly distressing events that could lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study is to investigate whether prenatal maternal PTSD is associated with offspring ADHD. METHOD A register-based retrospective cohort study linking 553 766 children born in Sweden during 2006-2010 with their biological parents. Exposure: Prenatal PTSD. Outcome: Offspring ADHD. Logistic regression determined odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ADHD in the offspring. Adjustments were made for potential covariates, including single parenthood and possible indicators of heredity measured as parental ADHD and maternal mental disorders other than PTSD. Subpopulations, excluding children with indicators of heredity, were investigated separately. RESULTS In the crude results, including all children, prenatal PTSD was associated with offspring ADHD (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.37-2.34). In children with indicators of heredity, the likelihood was partly explained by it. Among children without indicators of heredity, PTSD was associated with offspring ADHD (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.30-4.14), adjusted for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal maternal PTSD is associated with offspring ADHD regardless of indicators of heredity, such as parental ADHD or maternal mental disorder other than PTSD. The association is partly explained by heredity and socioeconomic factors. If replicated in other populations, preferably using a sibling design, maternal PTSD could be identified as a risk factor for ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Borgert
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Global Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amandah Melin
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Global Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Clara Hollander
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Global Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Syed Rahman
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chen J, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Taipale H, Rahman S, Niederkrotenthaler T, Klimek P. Association of medication clusters and subsequent labor market marginalization in refugee and Swedish-born young adults with common mental disorders in Sweden. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:897-907. [PMID: 37115278 PMCID: PMC10894142 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the association between common mental disorders (CMD) and labor market integration among refugee and Swedish-born young adults. Socially disadvantaged patients such as refugees are more likely to discontinue their medication use prematurely. This study aimed to identify clusters of individuals with similar psychotropic medication patterns; and examine the relationship between cluster membership with labor market marginalization (LMM) in refugee and Swedish-born young adults with CMD. The study uses a longitudinal matched cohort aged 18-24 years with CMD diagnoses from Swedish registers covering 2006-2016. Dispensed psychotropic medications (antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, sedative-hypnotics, mood stabilizers) were collected one year before and after CMD diagnosis. Clusters of patients with similar time courses of prescribed dosages were algorithmically identified. The association of cluster membership with subsequent LMM, (long-term sickness absence, SA, disability pension, DP, or long-term unemployment, UE) was assessed using Cox regression. Among 12,472 young adults with CMD, there were 13.9% with SA, 11.9% with DP, and 13.0% with UE during a mean follow-up of 4.1 years (SD 2.3 years). Six clusters of individuals were identified. A cluster with a sustained increase in all medication types yielded the highest hazard ratio (HR [95% CI]) 1.69 [1.34, 2.13] for SA and 2.63 [2.05, 3.38] for DP. The highest HRs of UE give a cluster with a concentrated peak in antidepressants at CMD diagnosis (HR 1.61[1.18, 2.18]). Refugees and Swedish-born showed similar associations between clusters and LMM. To prevent LMM, targeted support and early assessment of CMD treatment are needed for individuals with a sustained increase in psychotropic medication after CMD diagnosis and for refugees in high-risk clusters for UE characterized by a rapid lowering of treatment dosages, which could be an indicator for premature medication discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, CeDAS, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Taipale
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S Rahman
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Niederkrotenthaler
- Unit Suicide Research and Mental Health Promotion, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Wiener Werkstätte for Suicide Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Klimek
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, CeDAS, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Rahman S, Jan G, Jan FG, Rahim HU. Phytochemical Analysis and hypoglycemic potential of Filago hurdwarica (Wall. ex DC.) Wagenitz in alloxan induced diabetic mice. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e261518. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.261518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Plants have profound therapeutic benefits, more economical treatments, fewer side effects, and a relatively cheap cost, making them a source of drugs for protective, preventative, curative, or conducive purposes and creating novel phytomedicines. Plant derived medicines are relatively safe compared to synthetic medicines. Many plants have proved to successfully aid in the treatment of diabetes including Filago hurdwarica (Wall. ex DC.) Wagenitz. The current investigations were therefore designed to assess the phytochemical, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic activities of F. hurdwarica. The phytochemical investigations and antioxidant activities of different extracts were carried out using standard chemical tests, DPPH, and H2O2 scavenging assays. F. hurdwarica plant extract in Hydromethanolic solution were prepared by Soxhletation method and stored in refrigerator at 4°C for two days before use. Swiss Albino mice were made diabetic by a single dose of alloxan (150 mg/kg). Hydromethanolic plant extract and fractions of F. hurdwarica were screened for antidiabetic activity and given to the alloxan-induced diabetic mice at a concentration of 150-250 mg/kg of body weight in different groups of 6 diabetic mice each orally once a day for 15 days. Glibenclamide is also given to another group to as a standard drug to support the result at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight orally once a day for 15 days. Blood glucose levels and body weights of mice were measured on 0, 4, 7, 11 and 15th days. The study found that the extract was safe up to the dose level of 2000 mg/kg and the dose response effect of chloroform extract (150-250 mg/kg) of F. hurdwarica showed expressive antihyperglycemic effects and also improved other altered biochemical parameters associated with diabetes. The FTIR and XRD spectra demonstrated the occurrence of phenols, alcohols, alkenes, alkyl halides, ketones, and aromatic compounds and confirmed the amorphous nature of the extract. GC-MS spectral analysis showed the tentative presence of 31 phytochemical constituents in the chloroform extract of F. hurdwarica with different retention time. To conclude, the chloroform extract (250 mg/kg) of F. hurdwarica revealed considerable antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and antihyperlipidemic potential and is safe for treating diabetes and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Rahman
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Gul Jan
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - F. Gul Jan
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
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Chen L, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Björkenstam E, Rahman S, Gustafsson K, Kjeldgård L, Ekselius L, Taipale H, Tanskanen A, Helgesson M. Labour market integration among young adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at working age. Psychol Med 2024; 54:148-158. [PMID: 37185065 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172300096x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
METHODS Multiple Swedish nationwide registers were used to identify 8045 individuals, aged 20-29, with an incident diagnosis of ADHD 2006-2011. Labour market integration was conceptualized according to the core-peripheral model as a continuum from a strong (core) to a weak (peripheral) connection to the labour market. Sequence analyses categorized clusters of labour market integration, from 1 year before to 5 years after their ADHD diagnosis for individuals diagnosed with ADHD and a matched control group without ADHD. Multinomial logistic regression computed odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between sociodemographic factors and comorbid disorders and the identified clusters. RESULTS About one-fourth of the young adults diagnosed with ADHD belonged to clusters characterized by a transition to a mainly peripheral labour market position, which was approximately four-times higher compared to controls without ADHD. Foremost, those living in small cities/villages (OR 1.9; CI 1.5-2.2), those having comorbid autism-spectrum disorder (OR 13.7; CI 6.8-27.5) or schizophrenia/psychoses (OR 7.8; CI 3.8-15.9) were associated with a transition towards a peripheral labour market position throughout the study period. Those with a high educational level (OR 0.1; CI 0.1-0.1), and men (OR 0.7; CI 0.6-0.8) were less likely to have a peripheral labour market position. CONCLUSIONS Young adults diagnosed with ADHD are four-times more likely to be in the peripheral labour market position compared to those without ADHD. To increase labour market participation, special attention is warranted to those with low educational level, those living outside big cities and those with comorbid mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjing Chen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Björkenstam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas Gustafsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linnea Kjeldgård
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisa Ekselius
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Heidi Taipale
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antti Tanskanen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Magnus Helgesson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Equity and Working Life, Uppsala University, SE-75237 Uppsala, Sweden
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Tomaszewski Farias S, Fox J, Dulaney H, Chan M, Namboodiri S, Harvey DJ, Weakley A, Rahman S, Luna C, Beech BF, Campbell L, Schmitter-Edgecombe M. Memory support training and lifestyle modifications to promote healthy aging in persons at risk for Alzheimer's disease: a digital application supported intervention (Brain Boosters). BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:881. [PMID: 38129775 PMCID: PMC10740219 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04574-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence-based interventions to protect against cognitive decline among older adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) are urgently needed. Rehabilitation approaches to support memory and behavioral/lifestyle interventions are recognized as promising strategies for preserving or improving cognitive health, although few previous interventions have combined both approaches. This paper describes the protocol of the Brain Boosters intervention, which synergistically combines training in compensatory and healthy lifestyle behaviors and supports implementation and tracking of new behaviors with a digital application. METHODS The study utilizes a single-site, single-blinded, randomized controlled design to compare a structured lifestyle and compensatory aid intervention to an education-only self-guided intervention. We plan to enroll 225 community-dwelling adults (25% from underrepresented groups) aged 65 + who endorse subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and low baseline levels of healthy lifestyle behaviors. Both interventions will be administered in group format, consisting of 15 two-hour classes that occur weekly for ten weeks and taper to bi-monthly and monthly, for an intervention duration of 6 months. Participants in both interventions will receive education about a variety of memory support strategies and healthy lifestyle behaviors, focusing on physical and cognitive activity and stress management. The structured intervention will also receive support in adopting new behaviors and tracking set goals aided by the Electronic Memory and Management Aid (EMMA) digital application. Primary outcomes include global cognition (composite of memory, attention, and executive function tests) and everyday function (Everyday Cognition Questionnaire). Data will be collected at baseline and outcome visits, at approximately 6, 12, and 18 months. Qualitative interviews, self-report surveys (e.g., indicators of self-determination, health literacy) and EMMA data metrics will also be used to identify what components of the intervention are most effective and for whom they work. DISCUSSION Successful project completion will provide valuable information about how individuals with SCD respond to a compensation and preventative lifestyle intervention assisted by a digital application, including an understanding of factors that may impact outcomes, treatment uptake, and adherence. The work will also inform development, scaling, and personalization of future interventions that can delay disability in individuals at risk for ADRD. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov. (NCT05027789, posted 8/30/2021).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Fox
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - H Dulaney
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - M Chan
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - S Namboodiri
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - D J Harvey
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Davis, Davis, USA
| | - A Weakley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - S Rahman
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
| | - C Luna
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
| | - B F Beech
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
| | - L Campbell
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA
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Rahman S, Ryan S, Kim J, Kenney P, Ghali F. Clinical Trials and Climate Change: Doing Our Part While Pursuing Progress. Eur Urol Focus 2023; 9:861-862. [PMID: 38042649 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
The escalating global climate crisis necessitates a critical examination of the environmental impact of various sectors, including health care. Ongoing efforts to establish standard methods for estimating emissions and tracking progress are needed to promote sustainable clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Rahman
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen Ryan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Joseph Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Patrick Kenney
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fady Ghali
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Khajir G, Press B, Lokeshwar S, Ghabili K, Rahman S, Gardezi M, Washington S, Cooperberg MR, Sprenkle P, Leapman MS. Prostate cancer risk stratification using magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion vs systematic prostate biopsy. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2023; 7:pkad099. [PMID: 38085220 PMCID: PMC10733209 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Image-guided approaches improve the diagnostic yield of prostate biopsy and frequently modify estimates of clinical risk. To better understand the impact of magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion targeted biopsy (MRF-TB) on risk assessment, we compared the distribution of National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk groupings, as calculated from MRF-TB vs systematic biopsy alone. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 713 patients who underwent MRF-TB from January 2017 to July 2021. The primary study objective was to compare the distribution of National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk groupings obtained using MRF-TB (systematic + targeted) vs systematic biopsy. RESULTS Systematic biopsy alone classified 10% of samples as very low risk and 18.7% of samples as low risk, while MRF-TB classified 10.5% of samples as very low risk and 16.1% of samples as low risk. Among patients with benign findings, low-risk disease, and favorable/intermediate-risk disease on systematic biopsy alone, 4.6% of biopsies were reclassified as high risk or very high risk on MRF-TB. Of 207 patients choosing active surveillance, 64 (31%), 91 (44%), 42 (20.2%), and 10 (4.8%) patients were classified as having very low-risk, low-risk, and favorable/intermediate-risk and unfavorable/intermediate-risk criteria, respectively. When using systematic biopsy alone, 204 patients (28.7%) were classified as having either very low-risk and low-risk disease per NCCN guidelines, while 190 men (26.6%) received this classification when using MRF-TB. CONCLUSION The addition of MRF-TB to systematic biopsy may change eligibility for active surveillance in only a small proportion of patients with prostate cancer. Our findings support the need for routine use of quantitative risk assessment over risk groupings to promote more nuanced decision making for localized cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Khajir
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Benjamin Press
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Soum Lokeshwar
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kamyar Ghabili
- Department of Radiology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mursal Gardezi
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Samuel Washington
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew R Cooperberg
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Preston Sprenkle
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael S Leapman
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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Broadbent A, Rahman S, Grace B, Walker R, Noble F, Kelly J, Byrne J, Underwood T. The effect of surgical complications on long-term prognosis following oesophagectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2023; 49:106930. [PMID: 37258358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Complications are frequent after oesophagectomy, and there is evidence these adversely impact long-term prognosis. However, the effect of multiple complications, and the absolute magnitude of effect on survival is unclear. This study aimed to examine these effects in a single high-volume UK unit. METHODS Patients undergoing oesophagectomy for cancer and who survived to 90 days post-oesophagectomy were analysed. Complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification and the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI). The effect and magnitude of effect of complications on survival were assessed using multivariable cox regression and the risk-adjusted population attributable fraction. RESULTS In total, 380 patients were included. Complications occurred in 251 (66.1%). Suffering ≥3 complications (HR 1.89, 95%CI 1.13-3.16, p = 0.015) or an unplanned escalation in care (HR 2.22, 95%CI 1.43-3.45, p < 0.001) significantly reduced survival whereas pulmonary complications and anastomotic leak did not. Patients with a CCI>30 had worse overall survival (HR 1.91, 95%CI 1.32-2.76, p < 0.001) and CCI>30 due to multiple minor complications gave a worse prognosis compared to CCI>30 due to major complications (HR 2.44, 95%CI 1.14-5.20, p = 0.022). An estimated 9.1% (95%CI 3.4-14.4%) of deaths at 5 years were attributable to a CCI>30. CONCLUSION Long-term survival following oesophagectomy for cancer is significantly affected by complications and the cumulative effect of multiple complications. Interestingly, multiple minor complications had a worse effect on survival than major complications. The absolute magnitude of effect is substantial: minimising all types of postoperative complications could have significant benefit to overall outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Broadbent
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, University Hospitals Southampton, UK; Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - S Rahman
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, University Hospitals Southampton, UK; Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - B Grace
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, University Hospitals Southampton, UK; Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - R Walker
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, University Hospitals Southampton, UK; Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - F Noble
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, University Hospitals Southampton, UK
| | - J Kelly
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, University Hospitals Southampton, UK
| | - J Byrne
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, University Hospitals Southampton, UK
| | - T Underwood
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, University Hospitals Southampton, UK; Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
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Ul Rehman Z, Suleman M, Ashraf K, Ali S, Rahman S, Rashid MI. Immuno-bioinformatic approach for designing of multi-epitope merozoite surface antigen of Babesia bigemina and evaluation of its immunogenicity in inoculated calves. Pol J Vet Sci 2023; 26:409-418. [PMID: 37727102 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Babesiosis is a parasitic disease caused by intraerythrocytic parasites of the genus Babesia, which infect both wild and domestic animals. Merozoite surface antigens (MSAs) have been identified as efficient immunogens in Babesia-infected animals. MSAs play a key role in the invasion process and have been proposed as potential targets for vaccine development. Epitope-based vaccines offer several advantages over whole protein vaccines as the immunogenic proteins are small and can induce both Th1 and Th2 immune responses, which are desirable for protection. However, the MSA, particularly gp45, is polymorphic in Babesia bigemina, posing a challenge to vaccine development. The purpose of this study was to develop a recombinant gpME (gp45-multi-epitope) for a vaccine against Babesia bigemina. B-cell, T-cell, and HLA epitope predictions were used to synthesize the gpME sequence from the consensus sequence of gp45. The gpME sequence was synthesized and cloned in the pET28α vector through the commercial biotechnology company to get pET28-gpME. The plasmid cloned with the gpME sequence comprising 1068 bp was expressed in a bacterial expression system. A band of 39 kDa of rec-gpME was obtained via SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Rec-gpME @200ng was injected in calves 3 times at 2 weeks interval. The humoral response was evaluated through the indirect ELISA method. The ELISA with rec-gp45 protein showed a significant value of optical density. The recombinant protein containing multiple epitopes from the MSA gp45 may represent a promising candidate for a vaccine against Babesia bigemina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ul Rehman
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - M Suleman
- University Diagnostic Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - K Ashraf
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - S Ali
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - S Rahman
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - M I Rashid
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Helgesson M, Kjeldgård L, Björkenstam E, Rahman S, Gustafsson K, Taipale H, Tanskanen A, Ekselius L, Mittendorfer-Rutz E. Sustainable labour market participation among working young adults with diagnosed attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). SSM Popul Health 2023; 23:101444. [PMID: 37691973 PMCID: PMC10492158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aims were to study the sustainability of labour-market participation five years after an incident diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among young adults with gainful employment, and to examine the impact of sociodemographic-, work- and health-related factors on these findings. Methods Swedish registers identified 2517 individuals, 19-29 years old, with an incident diagnosis of ADHD and gainful employment during 2006-2011. Labour-market participation was measured by the core-peripheral model, a model that measures the connection to the labour market from a weak connection (peripheral) to a strong connection (core). Sequence analysis analysed clusters of labour-market participation, from one year before and up to five years after diagnosis. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) between sociodemographic factors, comorbid disorders, and the identified clusters were analysed by multinomial logistic regression. Results Five clusters of labour-market participation were identified: 60% of individuals belonged to a cluster that maintained labour-market participation throughout the study period (core, close to core); 20% belonged to a cluster with a transition to a weak connection to the labour market (close to peripheral, peripheral); and 20% belonged to a cluster with "middle" labour-market participation, characterised by having long periods of sick leave and unemployment. Individuals with elementary school as highest attained education (OR:4.03;CI:2.35-6.93), comorbid mental disorders (OR:2.77;CI:2.10-3.66), or living in villages/small cities (OR:1.77;CI:1.25-2.51) were most likely to belong to a cluster transitioning towards a "peripheral" labour-market participation. Men were less likely to have peripheral labour-market participation than women (OR:0.55;CI:0.40-0.75). Conclusions Over half of working individuals with ADHD maintain a strong attachment to the labour market several years after their first diagnosis of ADHD. Therefore, it is important to target those who have problems maintaining a position in the labour market, including women, those with low educational levels, and those living outside large cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Helgesson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Equity and Working Life, Uppsala University, SE-752 37, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linnea Kjeldgård
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Björkenstam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas Gustafsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heidi Taipale
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antti Tanskanen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lisa Ekselius
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
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Dwiyanto J, Huët MAL, Hussain MH, Su TT, Tan JBL, Toh KY, Lee JWJ, Rahman S, Chong CW. Social demographics determinants for resistome and microbiome variation of a multiethnic community in Southern Malaysia. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:55. [PMID: 37573460 PMCID: PMC10423249 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Southeast Asia is a significant concern, yet there is limited research on the gut resistome and its correlation with lifestyle and environmental factors in the region. This study aimed to profile the gut resistome of 200 individuals in Malaysia using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and investigate its association with questionnaire data comprising demographic and lifestyle variables. A total of 1038 antibiotic resistance genes from 26 classes were detected with a mean carriage rate of 1.74 ± 1.18 gene copies per cell per person. Correlation analysis identified 14 environmental factors, including hygiene habits, health parameters, and intestinal colonization, that were significantly associated with the resistome (adjusted multivariate PERMANOVA, p < 0.05). Notably, individuals with positive yeast cultures exhibited a reduced copy number of 15 antibiotic resistance genes. Network analysis highlighted Escherichia coli as a major resistome network hub, with a positive correlation to 36 antibiotic-resistance genes. Our findings suggest that E. coli may play a pivotal role in shaping the resistome dynamics in Segamat, Malaysia, and its abundance is strongly associated with the community's health and lifestyle habits. Furthermore, the presence of yeast appears to be associated with the suppression of antibiotic-resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dwiyanto
- AMILI, Singapore, 118261, Singapore.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | - M A L Huët
- Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, 80837, Mauritius
| | - M H Hussain
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Malaysia
| | - T T Su
- South East Asia Community Observatory, Segamat, 85000, Malaysia
| | - J B L Tan
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Malaysia
| | - K Y Toh
- AMILI, Singapore, 118261, Singapore
| | - J W J Lee
- AMILI, Singapore, 118261, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - S Rahman
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Malaysia
| | - C W Chong
- AMILI, Singapore, 118261, Singapore.
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Malaysia.
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12
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Johnson-Hence CB, Gopalakrishna KP, Bodkin D, Coffey KE, Burr AH, Rahman S, Rai AT, Abbott DA, Sosa YA, Tometich JT, Das J, Hand TW. Stability and heterogeneity in the antimicrobiota reactivity of human milk-derived immunoglobulin A. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20220839. [PMID: 37462916 PMCID: PMC10354535 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is secreted into breast milk and is critical for both protecting against enteric pathogens and shaping the infant intestinal microbiota. The efficacy of breast milk-derived maternal IgA (BrmIgA) is dependent upon its specificity; however, heterogeneity in BrmIgA binding ability to the infant microbiota is not known. Using a flow cytometric array, we analyzed the reactivity of BrmIgA against bacteria common to the infant microbiota and discovered substantial heterogeneity between all donors, independent of preterm or term delivery. Surprisingly, we also observed intradonor variability in the BrmIgA response to closely related bacterial isolates. Conversely, longitudinal analysis showed that the antibacterial BrmIgA reactivity was relatively stable through time, even between sequential infants, indicating that mammary gland IgA responses are durable. Together, our study demonstrates that the antibacterial BrmIgA reactivity displays interindividual heterogeneity but intraindividual stability. These findings have important implications for how breast milk shapes the development of the preterm infant microbiota and protects against necrotizing enterocolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelseá B. Johnson-Hence
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kathyayini P. Gopalakrishna
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Darren Bodkin
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kara E. Coffey
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ansen H.P. Burr
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Systems Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ali T. Rai
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Darryl A. Abbott
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yelissa A. Sosa
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Justin T. Tometich
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jishnu Das
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Systems Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Timothy W. Hand
- Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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13
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Tasneem T, Begum A, Chowdhury MRK, Rahman S, Macassa G, Manzoor J, Rashid M. Effects of acne severity and acne-related quality of life on depressive symptoms among adolescents and young adults: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1153101. [PMID: 37554134 PMCID: PMC10405733 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1153101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is a common mental health disorder and one of the major causes of disability. This study aimed at investigating the relationship of acne severity and acne-related quality of life with depressive symptoms, and the mediating effect of acne-related quality of life in a relationship between acne severity and depressive symptoms. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from acne patients attending a tertiary-level hospital, using a questionnaire that comprised three validated instruments - Investigator's Global Assessment (a single item) scale, Cardiff Acne Disability Index, and Beck Depression Inventory for measuring acne severity, acne-related quality of life, and depressive symptoms, respectively. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to examine the association between acne severity and depressive symptoms and a correlation between the acne-related quality of life and depressive symptoms, respectively. A mediation analysis was also performed to see the mediation effects of acne-related quality of life in a relationship between acne severity and depressive symptoms. RESULTS A total of 185 acne patients (155 females, 83.8%) with a mean age was 22.55 ± 8.67 years were included in the study. Adolescents and young adults with severe and moderate acne had 6.14-and 2.28 times higher odds of depression compared to their peers with mild acne, respectively. Patients with low levels of acne-related quality of life had a higher level of depressive symptoms (β = 0.42, p < 0.001). The total effect (direct + indirect) was also significant (β = 0.27, 95% CI: 1.29-4.09), implying the effect of acne severity on depression. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that acne severity and acne-related quality of life were associated with depressive symptoms among patients with acne vulgaris. The study also indicates that the relationship between acne severity and depressive symptoms might occur through a chain-mediating effect of acne disability in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takfi Tasneem
- International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afroza Begum
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rocky Khan Chowdhury
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Syed Rahman
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gloria Macassa
- Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Manzoor
- Department of Dermatology, Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
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Hayden C, Rahman S, Lokeshwar S, Choksi A, Kim IY. Management of Pathologic Node-Positive Prostate Cancer following Radical Prostatectomy. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:729-734. [PMID: 37071296 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-023-01420-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Approximately 15% of prostate cancer patients have lymph node metastases at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP). However, there is no universally accepted standard of care for these men. The options for treatment in this subset of patients range from observation to a combination of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (aADT) and radiation therapy (RT). RECENT FINDINGS A recent systematic review showed that there was no clear choice out of the options above to treat these patients. Studies have shown that patients treated with adjuvant radiation therapy have lower all-cause mortality when compared to patients treated with salvage radiation therapy. In this review, we summarize treatment options for pathologic node-positive (pN1) patients and discuss the urgent need for robust clinical trials that includes observation as the control group to help establish a standard of care for treating patients with node-positive prostate cancer after RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hayden
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Soum Lokeshwar
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Ankur Choksi
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Isaac Y Kim
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
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15
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Ahasan F, Nasir M, Perveen RA, Rahman N, Omar E, Akter S, Khanam M, Anny FC, Quadir R, Zahan T, Farha N, Chowdhury AS, Iqbal MJ, Akter MT, Rahman S, Begum T, Sabiha K, Anwar MA. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Undergraduate Medical Students of Bangladesh Regarding COVID-19 and its Vaccination. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:794-801. [PMID: 37391976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Medical students are one of the socially active, reliable, and persuading population of information, prevention and control, and incentive of vaccination to stop the current pandemic situation. Consequently, knowing the status of medical students' knowledge, about symptoms, and transmission of disease, prevention of COVID-19 and their attitudes towards a vaccine is important. This multi-center cross-sectional descriptive study was one of the first ones in Bangladesh among the undergraduate medical students who completed pathology, microbiology, and pharmacology. The study was conducted from March to April 2021, using a convenience sampling method in twelve government and non-government medical colleges. Among 1132 who completed the questionnaire, and 15 students from different centers were excluded from the pre-testing and face validation. The age of the 1117 respondents were 22 to 23 years, of which the majority of the respondents were female 749 (67.0%), and 368 (33.0%) were male. Almost all participants had correct knowledge (84.1%) about the symptoms of COVID-19. But 59.2% had wrong knowledge about transmission of disease by an afebrile person. Above 60.0 % of the participants have worn a facial mask when contacting people, refrained from shaking hands, washed hands, avoided people with signs and symptoms suggestive of COVID-19, and avoided crowded places as a practice of prevention. 37.6% of medical students showed positive attitudes about the participation of management of a COVID-19 patient. Most of the participants' decided to have a vaccine depending on its availability. But 31.5% had trust in natural immunity rather than vaccination. Most undergraduate Medical college students understood the basic information, possessed a positive attitude, and presented good practice towards the COVID-19 and vaccination. They play a crucial role in motivation and acceptance of vaccines among the general citizen to fight back against the pandemic in the country with limited resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ahasan
- Dr Faizul Ahasan, Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Ibrahim Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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16
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Rahman S, Youssef Y, Maroun G, Inaty D, Kheil MH, Moawad G. Eyes, menstruation and endometriosis. Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2023; 15:107-113. [PMID: 37436046 PMCID: PMC10410658 DOI: 10.52054/fvvo.15.2.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vicarious menstruation refers to cyclical bleeding outside the uterine cavity during the menstrual cycle. Haemolacria, or blood in tears, is a rare medical phenomenon that can occur with menstruation or in association with endometriosis. Endometriosis, defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue in extra-uterine sites, affects around 10% of fertile women; the ocular system is one of the rarest sites it can be present in. Endometriosis usually requires a biopsy for diagnosis, and the anatomic difficulty of obtaining a biopsy of the ocular system makes ocular endometriosis diagnosis more obscure. However, few cases have been described in the literature and due to the psychological, physical, and social implications of haemolacria on the patient, treatment is of utmost importance. We reviewed the literature on ocular endometriosis and ocular vicarious menstruation with the aim to discuss the clinical presentation, necessary workup and various treatment modalities, while also shedding light on the connection between the eyes and endometriosis in general. It is hypothesised that uterine endometrial cells can travel lymphatically or haematogenously and deposit extra-uterine endometriotic lesions that bleed in response to hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle. Additionally, the conjunctival vasculature has been found to be responsive to hormonal changes due to the presence of oestrogen and progesterone receptors, causing bleeding at the corresponding sites, even without endometriotic lesions. Clinical correlation of the haemolacria with the menstrual cycle can suffice for a diagnosis of vicarious menstruation, and thus opens the possibility of treatment to provide symptomatic treatment for the patient.
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17
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Erchick DJ, Hazel EA, Katz J, Lee ACC, Diaz M, Wu LSF, Yoshida S, Bahl R, Grandi C, Labrique AB, Rashid M, Ahmed S, Roy AD, Haque R, Shaikh S, Baqui AH, Saha SK, Khanam R, Rahman S, Shapiro R, Zash R, Silveira MF, Buffarini R, Kolsteren P, Lachat C, Huybregts L, Roberfroid D, Zeng L, Zhu Z, He J, Qiu X, Gebreyesus SH, Tesfamariam K, Bekele D, Chan G, Baye E, Workneh F, Asante KP, Kaali EB, Adu-Afarwuah S, Dewey KG, Gyaase S, Wylie BJ, Kirkwood BR, Manu A, Thulasiraj RD, Tielsch J, Chowdhury R, Taneja S, Babu GR, Shriyan P, Ashorn P, Maleta K, Ashorn U, Mangani C, Acevedo-Gallegos S, Rodriguez-Sibaja MJ, Khatry SK, LeClerq SC, Mullany LC, Jehan F, Ilyas M, Rogerson SJ, Unger HW, Ghosh R, Musange S, Ramokolo V, Zembe-Mkabile W, Lazzerini M, Rishard M, Wang D, Fawzi WW, Minja DTR, Schmiegelow C, Masanja H, Smith E, Lusingu JPA, Msemo OA, Kabole FM, Slim SN, Keentupthai P, Mongkolchati A, Kajubi R, Kakuru A, Waiswa P, Walker D, Hamer DH, Semrau KEA, Chaponda EB, Chico RM, Banda B, Musokotwane K, Manasyan A, Pry JM, Chasekwa B, Humphrey J, Black RE. Vulnerable newborn types: analysis of subnational, population-based birth cohorts for 541 285 live births in 23 countries, 2000-2021. BJOG 2023. [PMID: 37156239 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine prevalence of novel newborn types among 541 285 live births in 23 countries from 2000 to 2021. DESIGN Descriptive multi-country secondary data analysis. SETTING Subnational, population-based birth cohort studies (n = 45) in 23 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) spanning 2000-2021. POPULATION Liveborn infants. METHODS Subnational, population-based studies with high-quality birth outcome data from LMICs were invited to join the Vulnerable Newborn Measurement Collaboration. We defined distinct newborn types using gestational age (preterm [PT], term [T]), birthweight for gestational age using INTERGROWTH-21st standards (small for gestational age [SGA], appropriate for gestational age [AGA] or large for gestational age [LGA]), and birthweight (low birthweight, LBW [<2500 g], nonLBW) as ten types (using all three outcomes), six types (by excluding the birthweight categorisation), and four types (by collapsing the AGA and LGA categories). We defined small types as those with at least one classification of LBW, PT or SGA. We presented study characteristics, participant characteristics, data missingness, and prevalence of newborn types by region and study. RESULTS Among 541 285 live births, 476 939 (88.1%) had non-missing and plausible values for gestational age, birthweight and sex required to construct the newborn types. The median prevalences of ten types across studies were T+AGA+nonLBW (58.0%), T+LGA+nonLBW (3.3%), T+AGA+LBW (0.5%), T+SGA+nonLBW (14.2%), T+SGA+LBW (7.1%), PT+LGA+nonLBW (1.6%), PT+LGA+LBW (0.2%), PT+AGA+nonLBW (3.7%), PT+AGA+LBW (3.6%) and PT+SGA+LBW (1.0%). The median prevalence of small types (six types, 37.6%) varied across studies and within regions and was higher in Southern Asia (52.4%) than in Sub-Saharan Africa (34.9%). CONCLUSIONS Further investigation is needed to describe the mortality risks associated with newborn types and understand the implications of this framework for local targeting of interventions to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Erchick
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - E A Hazel
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - J Katz
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - A C C Lee
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Diaz
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - L S F Wu
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Yoshida
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Bahl
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Grandi
- Argentine Society of Paediatrics, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A B Labrique
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M Rashid
- IntraHealth International, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S Ahmed
- Projahnmo Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A D Roy
- Projahnmo Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - R Haque
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health Research Project, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - S Shaikh
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health Research Project, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - A H Baqui
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S K Saha
- Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - R Khanam
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Rahman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Shapiro
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Zash
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M F Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - R Buffarini
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - P Kolsteren
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - C Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Huybregts
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - D Roberfroid
- Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - L Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Z Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - J He
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Qiu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - S H Gebreyesus
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - K Tesfamariam
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Bekele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - G Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - E Baye
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - F Workneh
- Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - K P Asante
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Research and Development Division, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - E B Kaali
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Research and Development Division, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - S Adu-Afarwuah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - K G Dewey
- Institute for Global Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - S Gyaase
- Department of Statistics, Kintampo Health Research Centre, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - B J Wylie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - B R Kirkwood
- Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - A Manu
- Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- University of Ghana School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - J Tielsch
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - R Chowdhury
- Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, Delhi, India
| | - S Taneja
- Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, Delhi, India
| | - G R Babu
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - P Shriyan
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Bengaluru, India
| | - P Ashorn
- Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - K Maleta
- School of Global and Public Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - U Ashorn
- Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - C Mangani
- School of Global and Public Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - S Acevedo-Gallegos
- National Institute of Perinatology, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Department, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M J Rodriguez-Sibaja
- National Institute of Perinatology, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Department, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S K Khatry
- Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project - Sarlahi (NNIPS), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S C LeClerq
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project - Sarlahi (NNIPS), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - L C Mullany
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - F Jehan
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Ilyas
- The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S J Rogerson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - H W Unger
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - R Ghosh
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - S Musange
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - V Ramokolo
- HIV and Other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Gertrude H Sergievsky Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - W Zembe-Mkabile
- Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- College Graduate of Studies, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M Lazzerini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', WHO Collaborating Centre for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Rishard
- University Obstetrics Unit, De Soysa Hospital for Women, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - D Wang
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Public Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - W W Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D T R Minja
- National Institute for Medical Research, Tanga Centre, Tanga, Tanzania
| | - C Schmiegelow
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department for Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Masanja
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - E Smith
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J P A Lusingu
- National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - O A Msemo
- National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - F M Kabole
- Ministry of Health Zanzibar, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - S N Slim
- Ministry of Health Zanzibar, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - P Keentupthai
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - A Mongkolchati
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - R Kajubi
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - A Kakuru
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - P Waiswa
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, Makerere University School of Public Health, New Mulago Hospital Complex, Kampala, Uganda
- Division of Global Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Walker
- Institute for Global Health Sciences and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - D H Hamer
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K E A Semrau
- Ariadne Labs, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Global Health Equity & Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - E B Chaponda
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - R M Chico
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - B Banda
- Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - K Musokotwane
- Health Specialist PMTCT and Pediatric AIDS, UNICEF, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - A Manasyan
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - J M Pry
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - B Chasekwa
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - J Humphrey
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - R E Black
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Banu LA, Masum MM, Rahman S, Mahbuba S, Hossain M, Hosen MJ, Banerjee SK, Adhikary DK, Habib SA, Sultana GN, Islam MN. Identification of Variants and Mutational Analyses of Cardiac Myosin-binding Protein C (MYBPC3) Gene of Adult Bangladeshi Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:520-526. [PMID: 37002766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent genetic hereditary cardiomyopathy characterized by sudden cardiac death. Mutations in the MYBPC3 gene are often the most prevalent genetic abnormality in HCM with a prevalence ranging from 20.0 to 42.0%. The mutation spectrum is available for different countries, but such studies are lacking in the Asian population including Bangladeshi patients. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted for mutation analysis of the whole MYBPC3 gene on a cohort of 75 HCM Bengali Bangladeshi probands through Next Generation Sequencing at the Genetic Research Lab of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from 2016 to 2019. The structural and functional impact of the mutations was further analyzed by in silico process. We analyzed the data and found 103 variants in 102 locations in the MYBPC3 gene. Variants were identified in both the coding region and the non-coding region. We found one possibly novel variant in the MYBPC3 gene. The findings of this research will help to develop a genetic database of HCM which will help in the early diagnosis and proper management of HCM patients in Bangladesh. One pathogenic splice donor variant (47356592 C >T) was found in the intronic region. Among the variants in the coding region, one missense mutation was pathogenic (NP₋000247.2: p.Asp770Asn) which was found in seven patients and another one is of conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity (NP₋000247.2: p.Ser217Gly) which was found in two patients. We have identified one in-frame deletion (NP₋000247.2: p.Ala433del) that is possible a novel variant responsible for the development of HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Banu
- Professor Laila Anjuman Banu, Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Johnson-Hence CB, Gopalakrishna KP, Bodkin D, Coffey KE, Burr AH, Rahman S, Rai AT, Abbott DA, Sosa YA, Tometich JT, Das J, Hand TW. Stability and heterogeneity in the anti-microbiota reactivity of human milk-derived Immunoglobulin A. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.16.532940. [PMID: 36993366 PMCID: PMC10055037 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.16.532940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is secreted into breast milk and is critical to both protecting against enteric pathogens and shaping the infant intestinal microbiota. The efficacy of breast milk-derived maternal IgA (BrmIgA) is dependent upon its specificity, however heterogeneity in BrmIgA binding ability to the infant microbiota is not known. Using a flow cytometric array, we analyzed the reactivity of BrmIgA against bacteria common to the infant microbiota and discovered substantial heterogeneity between all donors, independent of preterm or term delivery. We also observed intra-donor variability in the BrmIgA response to closely related bacterial isolates. Conversely, longitudinal analysis showed that the anti-bacterial BrmIgA reactivity was relatively stable through time, even between sequential infants, indicating that mammary gland IgA responses are durable. Together, our study demonstrates that the anti-bacterial BrmIgA reactivity displays inter-individual heterogeneity but intra-individual stability. These findings have important implications for how breast milk shapes the development of the infant microbiota and protects against Necrotizing Enterocolitis. SUMMARY We analyze the ability of breast milk-derived Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies to bind the infant intestinal microbiota. We discover that each mother secretes into their breast milk a distinct set of IgA antibodies that are stably maintained over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelseá B. Johnson-Hence
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Kathyayini P. Gopalakrishna
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
| | - Darren Bodkin
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
| | - Kara E. Coffey
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Ansen H.P. Burr
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
- Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Ali T. Rai
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
| | - Darryl A. Abbott
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
| | - Yelissa A. Sosa
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
| | - Justin T. Tometich
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
| | - Jishnu Das
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
- Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Timothy W. Hand
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, 15224
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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Amin R, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Björkenstam E, Virtanen M, Helgesson M, Gustafsson N, Rahman S. Time period effects in work disability due to common mental disorders among young employees in Sweden-a register-based cohort study across occupational classes and employment sectors. Eur J Public Health 2023; 33:272-278. [PMID: 36869754 PMCID: PMC10066471 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate time period effects in the risk of work disability, defined as long-term sickness absence (LTSA) and disability pension (DP) due to common mental disorders (CMDs), among young employees according to employment sector (private/public) and occupational class (non-manual/manual). METHODS Three cohorts, including all employed individuals with complete information on employment sector and occupational class, aged 19-29 years and resident in Sweden on 31 December 2004, 2009 and 2014 (n = 573 516, 665 138 and 600 889, respectively) were followed for 4 years. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to examine the risk of LTSA and DP due to CMDs using Cox regression analyses. RESULTS In all cohorts, public sector employees had higher aHRs for LTSA due to CMDs than private sector employees, irrespective of occupational class, e.g. aHR, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.16-1.33 and 1.15, 1.08-1.23 among non-manual and manual workers in cohort 2004. The rates of DP due to CMDs were much lower in cohorts 2009 and 2014 than 2004 leading to uncertain risk estimates in the later cohorts. Still, public sector manual workers had a higher risk for DP due to CMDs than manual workers in the private sector in cohort 2014 than in 2004 (aHR, 95% CI: 1.54, 1.34-1.76 and 3.64, 2.14-6.18, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Manual workers in the public sector seem to have a higher risk of work disability due to CMDs than their counterparts in the private sector calling for the need for early intervention strategies to prevent long-term work disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridwanul Amin
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Björkenstam
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Magnus Helgesson
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Equity and Working Life, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niklas Gustafsson
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Syed Rahman
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Allardyce J, Hollander AC, Rahman S, Dalman C, Zammit S. Association of trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder and non-affective psychosis across the life course: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:1620-1628. [PMID: 34412716 PMCID: PMC10009379 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721003287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine the temporal relationships between traumatic events (TE), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and non-affective psychotic disorders (NAPD). METHODS A prospective cohort study of 1 965 214 individuals born in Sweden between 1971 and 1990 examining the independent effects of interpersonal and non-interpersonal TE on incidence of PTSD and NAPD using data from linked register data (Psychiatry-Sweden). Mediation analyses tested the hypothesis that PTSD lies on a causal pathway between interpersonal trauma and NAPD. RESULTS Increasing doses of interpersonal and non-interpersonal TE were independently associated with increased risk of NAPD [linear-trend incidence rate ratios (IRR)adjusted = 2.17 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.02-2.33] and IRRadjusted = 1.27 (95% CI 1.23-1.31), respectively]. These attenuated to a relatively small degree in 5-year time-lagged models. A similar pattern of results was observed for PTSD [linear-trend IRRadjusted = 3.43 (95% CI 3.21-3.66) and IRRadjusted = 1.45 (95% CI 1.39-1.50)]. PTSD was associated with increased risk of NAPD [IRRadjusted = 8.06 (95% CI 7.23-8.99)], which was substantially attenuated in 5-year time-lagged analyses [IRRadjusted = 4.62 (95% CI 3.65-5.87)]. There was little evidence that PTSD diagnosis mediated the relationship between interpersonal TE and NAPD [IRRadjusted = 0.92 (percentile CI 0.80-1.07)]. CONCLUSION Despite the limitations to causal inference inherent in observational designs, the large effect-sizes observed between trauma, PTSD and NAPD in this study, consistent across sensitivity analyses, suggest that trauma may be a component cause of psychotic disorders. However, PTSD diagnosis might not be a good proxy for the likely complex psychological mechanisms mediating this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Allardyce
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (Division of Psychiatry), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | | | - Syed Rahman
- Dept of Global Public Health, Karolinksa Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Christina Dalman
- Division of Public Health Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Psykisk Hälsa, Centrum för epidemiologi och samhällsmedicin, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stan Zammit
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
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Helgesson M, Björkenstam E, Rahman S, Gustafsson K, Taipale H, Tanskanen A, Ekselius L, Mittendorfer-Rutz E. Labour market marginalisation in young adults diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a population-based longitudinal cohort study in Sweden. Psychol Med 2023; 53:1224-1232. [PMID: 35275515 PMCID: PMC10009402 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721002701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this population-based register study was (1) to investigate the association between young adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subsequent labour market marginalisation (LMM) in two comparison groups, i.e. matched young adults from the general population without ADHD and unaffected siblings to persons with ADHD and (2) to assess the role of comorbid disorders. METHODS This study included all young adults in Sweden, aged 19-29 years, with an incident diagnosis of ADHD 2006-2011 (n = 9718). Crude and multivariate sex-stratified hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were measured 5 years after the diagnosis of ADHD for the risk of disability pension, long-term sickness absence (SA) (>90 days), long-term unemployment (>180 days) and a combined measure of all three in young adults with ADHD compared to their siblings without ADHD and a matched comparison group. RESULTS In the adjusted analyses young adults with ADHD had a 10-fold higher risk of disability pension (HR = 10.2; CI 9.3-11.2), a nearly three-fold higher risk of long-term SA (HR = 2.7; CI 2.5-2.8) and a 70% higher risk of long-term unemployment (HR = 1.7; CI 1.6-1.8) compared to the matched comparison group. The risk estimates were lower compared to siblings for disability pension (HR = 9.0; CI 6.6-12.3) and long-term SA (HR = 2.5; CI 2.1-3.1) but higher in the long-term unemployed (HR = 1.9; CI 1.6-2.1). Comorbid disorders explained about one-third of the association between ADHD and disability pension, but less regarding SA and long-term unemployment. CONCLUSIONS Young adults with ADHD have a high risk for different measures of LMM and comorbidities explain only a small proportion of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Helgesson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Björkenstam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas Gustafsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heidi Taipale
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antti Tanskanen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lisa Ekselius
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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Khan M, Rahman S, Ahmed F, Memon N, Haque A. Managing Monkeypox Virus: Characterizing Common Cutaneous Manifestations and Antiviral Efficacy. J Drugs Dermatol 2023; 22:282-287. [PMID: 36877881 DOI: 10.36849/jdd.7263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Monkeypox virus (MPX) has been detected in multiple non-endemic countries since May 2022. The cutaneous manifestations of MPX can have multiple distinct presentations, including pustular and vesicular. Although there are no approved treatments, three antivirals (brincidofovir, cidofovir, tecovirimat) have been utilized. The objective of our study was to conduct a systematic review to evaluate antiviral efficacy (first aim) and cutaneous manifestations of MPX (second aim). METHODS Utilizing PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed and SCOPUS databases to identify studies utilizing antiviral treatment in human subjects for MPX and studies reporting cutaneous characteristics of MPX lesions. RESULTS For our first aim, six articles met inclusion criteria. For our second aim, 27 met inclusion criteria. Eighty-eight percent had complete resolution with tecovirimat (n=28) which was well tolerated, and decreased hospitalization time (10 days) compared to brincidofovir (29 days). Forty-four percent of patients had <10 cutaneous lesions and 36% had 10-100 lesions. The most common lesion type was pustular (32%, n=380). CONCLUSION This limited sample of studies suggests that tecovirimat is well tolerated and may be an effective antiviral for MPX treatment. Further studies are required to better understand the role of antivirals for MPX treatment among human patients. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(3): doi:10.36849/JDD.7263.
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Gami M, Rahman S, Rix G, Howard A, Datta S. A case report of multiple renal aneurysms due to Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome requiring laparoscopic nephrectomy. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 106:108070. [PMID: 37119750 PMCID: PMC10163654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS) is a rare genetic disorder which is characterised by vascular nevi, venous varicosity, and hyperplasia of soft tissue or bone. Renovascular involvement is considered uncommon in KTS. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 79-year-old man presented with a left sided varicocele, lymphedema, hydrocele, and microscopic haematuria. After a series of investigations his imaging and clinical features were suggestive KTS. His images, which showed a 2.7 cm renal artery aneurysm, were discussed in the multi-disciplinary team (MDT) meeting and the decision was made to proceed with a laparoscopic nephrectomy. DISCUSSION Given the size of the aneurysm, treatment was offered and accepted by the patient. This is first recorded case in the literature in which a successful laparoscopic nephrectomy has been carried out for preventing severe haemorrhage in KTS. The patient presented in his 7th decade with a varicocele which would be considered unusual for KTS. Like in many cases, the renal artery aneurysm was asymptomatic. Pathological outcomes of the sample confirmed features suggestive of KTS, thus, validating the radiological findings. CONCLUSION Here, we report a favourable outcome of a patient referred for consideration of varicocele management, diagnosed with renal artery aneurysms on a background of KTS. KTS, with significant renovascular abnormalities, can be treated with laparoscopic nephrectomy. Careful discussion in MDT with regards to management options should be performed and a shared decision reached with the patient with regards to management. Though rare, patients presenting with varicoceles and lymphedema may have underlying capillary-lymphatic-venous malformations.
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Wells M, Raja M, Rahman S. Corrigendum to 'Point-of-care viscoelastic testing' [BJA Education 22 (2022) 416-423]. BJA Educ 2023; 23:118-119. [PMID: 36844441 PMCID: PMC9947957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjae.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.bjae.2022.07.003.].
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Wells
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - M. Raja
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S. Rahman
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Corresponding author:
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Press B, Gardezi M, Kim DD, Lokeshwar S, Rahman S, Siev M, Ghiraldi E, Lerner L, Kellner D. Ejaculatory Preserving Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Median Lobe: Preserving Sexual Function While Improving Urinary Outcomes. Urology 2023; 173:175-179. [PMID: 36646177 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate perioperative outcomes related to sexual and urinary function in patients who underwent a holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) with selective laser enucleation of the median lobe. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the first 450 HoLEP cases by a single surgeon from April 2019 to March 2022. Fifty-five patients with intravesical-prostatic protrusion or high bladder neck without obstructing lateral lobes underwent selective enucleation of the median lobe of the prostate. Patients were asked to comment on whether they had retrograde ejaculation during their follow-up appointment. Urinary function was assessed using the American Urological Association Symptom Score and subjective evaluation of urinary incontinence. RESULTS Median age of the cohort was 65 years (range: 44-91). Compared to preoperative, there was significant improvement in mean postoperative American Urological Association Symptom Score (22.5 vs 6.9, P < .001), mean postoperative quality of life scores (4 vs 1.2, P < .001), and mean postoperative post void residual volumes (244.1 vs 69.3 cc, P < .001). No patients reported stress urinary incontinence. Of the 55 patients who underwent selective enucleation of the median lobe, 40 were sexually active. Of those men, 35 reported normal ejaculation, 3 had retrograde ejaculation that was unchanged from pre-op, and 2 had new ejaculatory dysfunction. CONCLUSION In this case series of selective laser enucleation of the median lobe, urinary function significantly improved in short-term follow-up with preservation of ejaculation in approximately 90% of men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Press
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | | | - David D Kim
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Soum Lokeshwar
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael Siev
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Eric Ghiraldi
- Division of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lori Lerner
- Division of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel Kellner
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT.
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Cullen AE, Lindsäter E, Rahman S, Taipale H, Tanskanen A, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Helgesson M. Patient factors associated with receipt of psychological and pharmacological treatments among individuals with common mental disorders in a Swedish primary care setting. BJPsych Open 2023; 9:e40. [PMID: 36852532 PMCID: PMC10044006 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological and pharmacological therapies are the recommended first-line treatments for common mental disorders (CMDs) but may not be universally accessible or utilised. AIMS To determine the extent to which primary care patients with CMDs receive treatment and the impact of sociodemographic, work-related and clinical factors on treatment receipt. METHOD National registers were used to identify all Stockholm County residents aged 19-64 years who had received at least one CMD diagnosis (depression, anxiety, stress-related) in primary care between 2014 and 2018. Individuals were followed from the date of their first observed CMD diagnosis until the end of 2019 to determine treatment receipt. Associations between patient factors and treatment group were examined using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Among 223 271 individuals with CMDs, 30.6% received pharmacotherapy only, 16.5% received psychological therapy only, 43.1% received both and 9.8% had no treatment. The odds of receiving any treatment were lower among males (odds ratio (OR) range = 0.76 to 0.92, 95% CI[minimum, maximum] 0.74 to 0.95), individuals born outside of Sweden (OR range = 0.67 to 0.93, 95% CI[minimum, maximum] 0.65 to 0.99) and those with stress-related disorders only (OR range = 0.21 to 0.51, 95% CI[minimum, maximum] 0.20 to 0.53). Among the patient factors examined, CMD diagnostic group, prior treatment in secondary psychiatric care and age made the largest contributions to the model (R2 difference: 16.05%, 1.72% and 1.61%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Although over 90% of primary care patients with CMDs received pharmacological and/or psychological therapy, specific patient groups were less likely to receive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis E Cullen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Elin Lindsäter
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heidi Taipale
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; and School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antti Tanskanen
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Helgesson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Equity and Working Life, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Irfan M, Nabi RAU, Hussain H, Naz MY, Shukrullah S, Khawaja HA, Rahman S, Althobiani F. Numerical sensitivity analysis of temperature‐dependent reaction rate constants for optimized thermal conversion of high‐density plastic waste into combustible fuels. CAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Irfan
- Electrical Engineering Department; College of Engineering Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia
| | - R. A. U. Nabi
- Department of Physics University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - H. Hussain
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - M. Y. Naz
- Department of Physics University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - S. Shukrullah
- Department of Physics University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - H. A. Khawaja
- Department of Automation and Process Engineering UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway
| | - S. Rahman
- Electrical Engineering Department; College of Engineering Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia
| | - F. Althobiani
- Faculty of Maritime Studies King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
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Bartlett EC, Rahman S, Ridge CA. Percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation of lung cancer: What is the evidence? Lung Cancer 2023; 176:14-23. [PMID: 36571982 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Thermal ablation techniques have now been used for more than twenty years in the treatment of primary lung tumours, predominantly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although primarily used for the treatment of early-stage disease in non-surgical patients, thermal ablation is now also being used in selected patients with oligometastatic and oligoprogressive disease. This review discusses the techniques available for thermal ablation, the evidence for use of thermal ablation in primary lung tumours in early- and advanced-stage disease and compares thermal ablation to alternative treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Bartlett
- Royal Brompton Hospital (Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust), Department of Radiology, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, United Kingdom.
| | - S Rahman
- Royal Brompton Hospital (Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust), Department of Radiology, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, United Kingdom
| | - C A Ridge
- Royal Brompton Hospital (Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust), Department of Radiology, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, United Kingdom; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, United Kingdom
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Obiechina N, Michael A, Gill A, Carey P, Shah G, Nehikhare I, Khan R, Slavica M, Khan T, Rahman S, Mushtaq W, Brar H, Senthilselvan S, Mukherjee B, Nandi A. 1251 FRAILTY PREVALENCE AND RISK OF SARCOPENIA IN OLDER HEART FAILURE (HF) INPATIENTS. Age Ageing 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac322.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Both frailty and HF are common in the elderly population. Elderly HF patients have an increased risk of frailty and elderly frail patients are at a higher risk of developing HF. Frailty is an independent predictor of mortality in cardiovascular disease. Sarcopenia (defined as decreased muscle mass and muscle strength and/or performance) is also prevalent in HF patients and may progress to cardiac cachexia. HF may induce sarcopenia and sarcopenia may contribute to the poor prognosis of HF.
Aims
Methods
A cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of consecutive patients, 60 years and over, admitted with HF to a UK hospital. Data was manually extracted from anonymized electronic records. The Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) was used for assessment for frailty and the SARC-F tool was used for screening for sarcopenia. Patients with medical history of HF but did not present with decompensated HF were excluded. Also, patients with incomplete data were excluded. The IBM SPSS 28 statistical package was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics and risk estimates were calculated.
Results
163 patients were analysed; 82 males and 81 females. The mean age was 81.4 years (SD 9.69). 71.5 % of patients were frail while 28.5 % were non-frail. The risk of sarcopenia was 10.9 times greater in the frail than in the non-frail patients (OR = 10.9; 95% C.I 4.85 – 24.67). There was a lower risk of sarcopenia in male patients than in the female patients (OR =0.45; 95% C.I 0.22 – 0.94).
Conclusions
Frailty is prevalent in older heart failure inpatients. It significantly increases the risk of sarcopenia in these patients. Women are at higher risk of sarcopenia than men. More research is needed into frailty and sarcopenia in.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Gill
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - P Carey
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - G Shah
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | | | - R Khan
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - M Slavica
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - T Khan
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - S Rahman
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - W Mushtaq
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - H Brar
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | | | | | - A Nandi
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
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Shah G, Nehikhare I, Obiechina N, Michael A, Gill A, Carey P, Khan R, Slavica M, Khan T, Rahman S, Mushtaq W, Brar H, Senthilselvan S, Mukherjee M, Nandi A. 1242 CO-MORBIDITY, FRAILTY AND EJECTION FRACTION IN OLDER HEART FAILURE INPATIENTS. Age Ageing 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac322.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Co-morbidities and frailty are common in older heart failure patients. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between co-morbidity, frailty and ejection fraction (EF) in older heart failure inpatients
Methods
A cross-sectional, observational, retrospective analysis of consecutive patients aged 60 years and over who were admitted with heart failure in a UK hospital. Patients with incomplete data were excluded. The Carlson’s comorbidity index (CCI) was used to compute comorbidity and the Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) was used to measure frailty. The EF was calculated as the midpoint of the ranges measured by echocardiography. IBM SPSS 28 software was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to measure baseline characteristics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to calculate correlation.
Results and discussion
101 patients were analysed; 48 males and 53 females. Mean age was 81.2 years(SD 9.98). Mean CCI was 6.97(SD 1.63) and mean CFS was 5.09(SD 1.14). There was statistically significant positive correlation between CCI and CFS (r= 0.232; p= .01). There was statistically significant inverse correlation between CCI and EF (r= -.277; p=. 005). When taking into account the level of frailty the correlation between CCI and EF was much stronger in non-frail than in frail patients (r= -.612; p=. 035 and r= -.216; p= .047 respectively). There was no correlation between CFS and EF (r= .095; p=.26). This was not surprising as HFpEF is the most common type of HF in the elderly. HFpEF patients are more likely to have more comorbidities and to be more frail compared to HFrEF patients.
Conclusion
There was a positive correlation between multi-morbidity and frailty in older inpatients admitted with heart failure. There was statistically significant inverse correlation between CCI and ejection fraction but there was no correlation between frailty and ejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Shah
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | | | | | | | - A Gill
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - P Carey
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - R Khan
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - M Slavica
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - T Khan
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - S Rahman
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - W Mushtaq
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | - H Brar
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
| | | | | | - A Nandi
- Queen's Hospital , Burton on Trent, UK
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Gémes K, Taipale H, Björkenstam E, Rahman S, Gustafsson K, Tanskanen A, Ekselius L, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Helgesson M. The role of sociodemographic and clinical factors in the initiation and discontinuation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medication among young adults in Sweden. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1152286. [PMID: 37168083 PMCID: PMC10165120 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1152286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Long-term medication use is a recommended treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), however, discontinuation is common. Non-medical factors which might influence initiation and discontinuation are understudied. Therefore, we investigated how different sociodemographic factors and comorbidities were associated with the initiation and discontinuation of ADHD medication use among young adults. Methods and results We conducted a population-based prospective cohort study using individually linked administrative register data, in which we included all individuals residing in Sweden, between the age of 19 and 29 who were first diagnosed with ADHD between January 2006 and December 2016 (n = 59224). ADHD medication initiation was defined as the first prescription of ADHD medication in the period from 3 months before to 6 months after the cohort entry date. Those who initiated ADHD medication were followed up for medication use until discontinuation, death/emigration, or until 2019. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to investigate the associations between sociodemographics, health-related predictors and initiation, as well as discontinuation. Overall, 48.7% of the 41399 individuals initiated ADHD medication, most often methylphenidate (87%). Among the initiators, 15462 (77%) discontinued medication use during the follow-up (median time: 150 days). After mutually adjusting all other predictors, initiation was positively associated with older age, male sex, higher level of education, and negatively associated with living at home with parents, immigrant status, being unemployed during the year before inclusion, being on disability pension, having autism, substance use, schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, other mental disability/developmental disorders, cardiovascular diseases or previous accidents. Discontinuation was positively associated with being born abroad, living in big cities, being unemployed during the year before inclusion, having cancer, and negatively associated with a higher educational level, having depression, anxiety or stress-related disorder, autism spectrum disorder or diabetes. Conclusion Besides medical factors, sociodemographics, such as educational attainment and immigrant status might also play a role in the initiation and discontinuation of ADHD medication use among young adults newly diagnosed with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Gémes
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Katalin Gémes,
| | - Heidi Taipale
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Emma Björkenstam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas Gustafsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antti Tanskanen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lisa Ekselius
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Helgesson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Equity and Working Life, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Alkawaldeh M, Lee A, Al–Yateem N, Dias J, Refaat F, Rahman S, Subu MA. Racial and Sociodemographic Disparities in Telehealth Access and Utilization during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.11152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Telehealth is not new, but licensing restrictions, HIPAA compliance issues, and lack of reimbursement were significant barriers that hindered its success in the past. Enabling practices to adopt telehealth so that in-person care could be limited to urgent patients and curbed use of finite clinical resources like personal protective equipment for which there was significant shortages. This expansion allowed services including, but not limited to, home visits, therapy services, emergency consults, and nursing facilities visits to be conducted remotely.
AIMS: The study objectives are to describe telehealth utilization rates among OB/GYN patients during the first four months of the COVID-19 pandemic by race/ethnicity and insurance coverage and to investigate telehealth access disparities.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis design was employed. Data abstraction was performed using the electronic medical records of UMass Memorial Medical Center (UMMMC). A convenience sample of 9370 Women who received their telehealth or in-person care at the UMass Memorial Medical Center (UMMMC).
RESULTS: Between March 15, 2020, and July 30, 2020, in total, 15,362 encounters were completed. Throughout the timeframe included in this study, 81.34% of appointments were conducted in person, and 18.66% were completed using telehealth. The age of telehealth patients ranged from 17 to 97, with a mean age of 45. Most of the patients were white (n=1202, 63.4%) and held private health insurance (n= 975, 52.4%). Hispanic and Asian patients were less likely to attend their telehealth appointment than patients of other races (p <0.001). Patients with private health insurance were more likely to attend their telehealth appointments than patients with public health insurance (p <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Telehealth services have been providing patients with access to OB/GYN care during this challenging time and have enhanced health care delivery opportunities. This study identifies a clear need to improve telehealth access and utilization rates among racial and ethnic minority groups and persons with public insurance.
Keywords: Telehealth, Health disparity, Telemedicine, Obstetrics
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Wells M, Raja M, Rahman S. Point-of-care viscoelastic testing. BJA Educ 2022; 22:416-423. [PMID: 36304915 PMCID: PMC9596284 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjae.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Wells
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - M. Raja
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S. Rahman
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Amin M, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Björkenstam E, Virtanen M, Helgesson M, Gustafsson N, Rahman S. Time period effects in work disability due to common mental disorders among young employees. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac130.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Previous research on period effects in risk for work disability due to common mental disorders across employment sectors and occupational classes in young employees is lacking. Temporal changes in the healthcare system or social insurance policies or other structural/organisational changes could contribute to such time period effects. We aimed to investigate time period effects in the risk of work disability, defined as long-term sickness absence (LTSA) and disability pension (DP) due to common mental disorders (CMDs), among young employees according to their employment sector (private/public) and occupational class (non-manual/manual).
Methods
Three cohorts, including all employed individuals with complete information on employment sector and occupational class, aged 19-29 years and resident in Sweden on the 31-Dec-2004, 2009 and 2014 (n = 573,516, 665,138 and 600,889 individuals in cohort 2004, 2009 and 2014, respectively) were followed for four years. Crude and multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs and aHRs, respectively) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated regarding the risk of LTSA and DP due to CMDs using Cox regression analyses.
Results
In cohort 2004, public sector employees had a higher relative risk for LTSA due to CMDs than private sector employees (aHR, (95%CI): 1.24, 1.16-1.34 and 1.18, 1.11-1.26 among non-manual and manual workers). These associations were similar in the later cohorts. Compared to cohort 2004, the rate of DP due to CMDs was considerably lower in the later cohorts leading to uncertainties in the risk estimates limiting the comparability for time period effects regarding the risk of DP due to CMDs across employment sectors and occupational classes.
Conclusions
Stricter regulation changes regarding the receipt of DP in Sweden, rather than other time period events, may have differentially affected the risk of work disability among young non-manual and manual employees working in the private and public sectors.
Key messages
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Affiliation(s)
- M Amin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Björkenstam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland , Joensuu, Finland
| | - M Helgesson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N Gustafsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Rahman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
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Hijazi H, Baniissa W, Al Abdi R, Al-Yateem N, Almarzouqi A, Rahman S, Alshammari R, Alameddine M. Experiences of Work-Related Stress Among Female Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency: A Qualitative Study in the United Arab of Emirates. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:2701-2715. [PMID: 36172543 PMCID: PMC9512021 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s381177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Frontline healthcare workers experienced high levels of psychological distress and emotional turmoil due to the changes necessitated by the COVID-19 public health emergency. Given that workplace stress can negatively influence both quality of work, and job performance, this study sought to explore the lived experiences of work-related stress among female healthcare workers in United Arab of Emirates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A qualitative phenomenological investigation was performed using a purposive sampling approach. A total of 26 semi-structured interviews were conducted with female healthcare workers who worked directly with COVID-19 patients. Using Giorgi’s descriptive method, the data were analyzed to identify the main themes. Results Three main themes emerged from the data analysis, with nine categories under these themes. The first theme was “sources of work-related stress.” The participants reported a high workload, fear of being infected and transmitting the virus to others, and uncertainty and lack of knowledge regarding COVID-19 to be the main sources of their work-related stress. The second theme was “challenges of working during the pandemic.” The participants related being challenged by changes in the organization of care, the need to use personal protective equipment, a work-life imbalance, and witnessing patients’ suffering. The third theme was “coping strategies.” The participants perceived having sources of social support and using self-adjustment skills to be helpful strategies in terms of coping with the stressful situations they experienced. Conclusion The findings suggest a number of strategies and interventions that could be used at the individual and institutional levels to promote the preparedness and efficacy of healthcare workers during future crises and public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Hijazi
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Wegdan Baniissa
- Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabah Al Abdi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amina Almarzouqi
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rayya Alshammari
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamad Alameddine
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Rahman S, Zammit S, Dalman C, Hollander AC. Epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder: A prospective cohort study based on multiple nationwide Swedish registers of 4.6 million people. Eur Psychiatry 2022; 65:e60. [PMID: 36073092 PMCID: PMC9532217 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experiencing exceptionally threatening or horrifying traumas can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Increasing political unrest/war/natural disasters worldwide could cause more traumatic events and change the population burden of PTSD. Most PTSD research is based on surveys, prone to selection/recall biases with inconsistent results. The aim was therefore, to use register-based data to identify the occurrence of PTSD and contributing factors in the Swedish general population. METHODS This register-based cohort study used survival analysis. Individuals born between 1960-1995, aged ≥15 years, registered and living in Sweden, not emigrating, anytime between 1990-2015, not receiving specialized care for PTSD before 2006 were included (N = 4,673,764), and followed from their 15th/16th birth date until first PTSD diagnosis between 2006-2016 or study endpoint (31-December-2016). PTSD cases (ICD-10: F43.1) were identified from the national patient register. Mean follow-up time was 18.8 years. RESULTS Between 2006-2016, the incidence of specialized healthcare utilization for PTSD nearly doubled, and 0.7% of the study population received such care. The highest risk was observed for refugees [aHR 8.18; 95% CI:7.85-8.51] and for those with depressive disorder [aHR 4.51; 95% CI:3.95-5.14]. Higher PTSD risk was associated with female sex, older age, low education, single parenthood, low household income, urbanicity, and being born to a foreign-born parent. CONCLUSIONS PTSD is more common among refugee migrants, individuals with psychiatric disorders, and the socioeconomically disadvantaged. It is important that provision of services for PTSD are made available, particularly to these higher risk, and often hard-to-reach groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Rahman
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance use and Social environment (EPICSS), Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stanley Zammit
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Dalman
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance use and Social environment (EPICSS), Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Clara Hollander
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance use and Social environment (EPICSS), Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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38
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Abdelhamid SS, Scioscia J, Vodovotz Y, Wu J, Rosengart A, Sung E, Rahman S, Voinchet R, Bonaroti J, Li S, Darby JL, Kar UK, Neal MD, Sperry J, Das J, Billiar TR. Multi-Omic Admission-Based Prognostic Biomarkers Identified by Machine Learning Algorithms Predict Patient Recovery and 30-Day Survival in Trauma Patients. Metabolites 2022; 12:774. [PMID: 36144179 PMCID: PMC9500723 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Admission-based circulating biomarkers for the prediction of outcomes in trauma patients could be useful for clinical decision support. It is unknown which molecular classes of biomolecules can contribute biomarkers to predictive modeling. Here, we analyzed a large multi-omic database of over 8500 markers (proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics) to identify prognostic biomarkers in the circulating compartment for adverse outcomes, including mortality and slow recovery, in severely injured trauma patients. Admission plasma samples from patients (n = 129) enrolled in the Prehospital Air Medical Plasma (PAMPer) trial were analyzed using mass spectrometry (metabolomics and lipidomics) and aptamer-based (proteomics) assays. Biomarkers were selected via Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression modeling and machine learning analysis. A combination of five proteins from the proteomic layer was best at discriminating resolvers from non-resolvers from critical illness with an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.74, while 26 multi-omic features predicted 30-day survival with an AUC of 0.77. Patients with traumatic brain injury as part of their injury complex had a unique subset of features that predicted 30-day survival. Our findings indicate that multi-omic analyses can identify novel admission-based prognostic biomarkers for outcomes in trauma patients. Unique biomarker discovery also has the potential to provide biologic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan S. Abdelhamid
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jacob Scioscia
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yoram Vodovotz
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Junru Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Eight-Year Program of Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Anna Rosengart
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Eunseo Sung
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Syed Rahman
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Robert Voinchet
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jillian Bonaroti
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shimena Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Darby
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Upendra K. Kar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthew D. Neal
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jason Sperry
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jishnu Das
- Center for Systems Immunology, Departments of Immunology and Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Timothy R. Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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39
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Shah R, Rahman S, Pywell M, Ibanez J. 107 A Rare Presentation of a Giant, Multi-Compartmental Lipoma of the Hand Causing Median Nerve Compression. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lipomas are the commonest benign tumour, made up exclusively of adipose tissue, and can arise anywhere in the body. However, giant lipomas of the hand, defined as greater than 5cm in diameter, are rare. They have the potential to invade and cause a multitude of symptoms due to the compression and proximity of underlying structures.
We describe a case of a 64-year-old woman who presents with a swelling of the left thenar eminence, associated with numbness and tingling in all fingers.
MRI and nerve conduction studies confirmed the diagnosis of a lipoma causing median nerve compression. The patient underwent elective surgical excision using a volar approach, with good postoperative recovery. The excised lesion, measuring 12x7x2.4cm, is the largest giant lipoma of the hand reported in literature, and the first to demonstrate invasion from the mid palmar space into both the dorsal sub-aponeurotic space and carpal tunnel.
Space occupying lesions, such as giant lipomas of the hand, are a rare but important secondary cause of compression neuropathies of the upper extremity and must be suspected when these neuropathies present with atypical symptomatology. Any patient presenting with a soft-tissue lesion of the hand demonstrating rapid growth, pain or large size must be thoroughly investigated to rule out malignancy. MRI forms an essential part of the workup in such cases due to its high diagnostic accuracy. Malignant transformation of giant lipomas of the hand is extremely rare, and such lesions can be removed by en bloc marginal resection with excellent postoperative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shah
- Guys’ and St Thomas NHS foundation Trust , London , United Kingdom
| | - S Rahman
- Guys’ and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust , London , United Kingdom
| | - M Pywell
- Guys’ and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust , London , United Kingdom
| | - J Ibanez
- Guys’ and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust , London , United Kingdom
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40
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Karam M, Abul A, Kahlar N, Naik A, Tay J, Rahman S, Matteucci P. 294 Stem Cell Enriched Fat Grafts Versus Autologous Fat Grafts for Facial Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To compare the results of stem cell-enhanced fat grafting to autologous fat grafting for face reconstruction.
Method
A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines, and an electronic search was carried out to identify all Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs), case control studies, and cohort studies comparing the outcomes of stem cell-enrichment fat grafting versus routine fat grafting for facial reconstruction. The primary outcome measures were volume retention and infection rate. Secondary outcome measures included post-surgery patient satisfaction, redness and swelling, fat necrosis, cysts, and operation time. For the analysis, fixed and random effects modelling were utilised.
Results
Eight studies with a total of 275 participants were assessed. In terms of mean volume retention, there was a significant difference between the stem cell-enrichment fat grafting and routine grafting groups (standardised Mean Difference [MD] = 2.49, P 0.00001). However, there was no significant difference in infection rates between the two groups (OR = 0.36, P = 0.30). Except for the operation duration, which was shorter in the latter, the intervention group had similar results to the control group for all secondary outcomes.
Conclusions
When compared to conventional fat grafting, stem cell-enriched fat grafting is a better alternative for facial reconstruction surgery since it enhances mean volume retention and does not worsen patient satisfaction or surgical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karam
- Farwaniya Hospital , Kuwait City , Kuwait
| | - A Abul
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - N Kahlar
- Southwest Birmingham Trust , Birmingham , United Kingdom
| | - A Naik
- James Cook University Hospital , Middlesbrough , United Kingdom
| | - J Tay
- Bradford Royal Infirmary , Bradford , United Kingdom
| | - S Rahman
- Pinderfields General Hospital , Wakefield , United Kingdom
| | - P Matteucci
- Hull royal infirmary , Hull , United Kingdom
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41
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Breininger SP, Izadi F, Sharpe B, Secrier M, Gibson J, Walker R, Rahman S, Devonshire G, Lloyd M, Walters Z, Fitzgerald R, Rose-Zerilli M, Underwood T. O086 Genomic analysis of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac242.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is the ninth most common cancer worldwide with a mortality of over 500,000 deaths yearly. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by surgery is the standard of care (SOC) for locally advanced OAC. Although almost all patients receive chemotherapy as SOC, fewer than 20% obtain a clinically meaningful response and benefit before surgery. The OAC genome is complex and heterogeneous between patients, and it is not yet understood whether specific mutational patterns result in chemotherapy sensitivity or resistance.
Methods
To identify associations between genomic events and response to NAC in OAC, a comparative genomic analysis was performed in 65 patients using whole-genome sequencing. We defined response to NAC using Mandard Tumour Regression Grade TRG), with responders classified as TRG1-2 (n=27) and non-responders classified as TRG4- 5 (n=38).
Results
We report a higher non-synonymous mutation burden in responders (median 2.08/Mb vs 1.70/Mb, P=0.036) and elevated copy number variation (CNV) in non-responders (282 vs 136/patient, P<0.001). We identified CNVs unique to each group, with cell cycle (CDKN2A, CCND1), c-Myc (MYC), RTK/PIK3 (KRAS, EGFR) and gastrointestinal differentiation (GATA6) pathway genes being specifically altered in non-responders. Of particular interest was the identification of the Neuron Navigator-3 (NAV3), a known tumour suppressor downstream of EGFR, which was mutated exclusively in 22% of non-responders.
Conclusion
We characterise genetic features and mutations that are uniquely associated with response to NAC. We envision a treatment pipeline that incorporates driver mutation profiling in OAC, combining response prediction with targeted therapies enhancing response to NAC and improving survival outcomes.
Take-home message
Developing a method of determining an OAC patient's response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy before treatment is administered is desperately needed and will improve patient outcome and quality of life. We identified a number of aberrations in the genome that were unique to non-responders to chemotherapy compared to responders, particularly a known tumour suppressor gene namely Neuron Navigator-3, suggesting that these events may contribute to chemoresistance in these patients. Our work characterises pre-existing genomic alterations that have potential as biomarkers for resistance or sensitivity to NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- SP Breininger
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
| | - F Izadi
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
- Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University Medical School , Singleton Campus, Swansea
| | - B Sharpe
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton
| | - M Secrier
- UCL Genetics Institute, Division of Biosciences, University College London
| | - J Gibson
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton
| | - R Walker
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
| | - S Rahman
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
| | - G Devonshire
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge
| | - M Lloyd
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
| | - Z Walters
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton
| | - R Fitzgerald
- MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge
| | - M Rose-Zerilli
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton
| | - T Underwood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton
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42
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Adhikari D, Albataineh H, Androic D, Aniol KA, Armstrong DS, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Barcus SK, Bellini V, Beminiwattha RS, Benesch JF, Bhatt H, Bhatta Pathak D, Bhetuwal D, Blaikie B, Boyd J, Campagna Q, Camsonne A, Cates GD, Chen Y, Clarke C, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Dalton MM, Datta P, Deshpande A, Dutta D, Feldman C, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Gericke M, Ghosh C, Halilovic I, Hansen JO, Hassan O, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Horowitz CJ, Jantzi C, Jian S, Johnston S, Jones DC, Kakkar S, Katugampola S, Keppel C, King PM, King DE, Kumar KS, Kutz T, Lashley-Colthirst N, Leverick G, Liu H, Liyanage N, Mammei J, Mammei R, McCaughan M, McNulty D, Meekins D, Metts C, Michaels R, Mihovilovic M, Mondal MM, Napolitano J, Narayan A, Nikolaev D, Owen V, Palatchi C, Pan J, Pandey B, Park S, Paschke KD, Petrusky M, Pitt ML, Premathilake S, Quinn B, Radloff R, Rahman S, Rashad MNH, Rathnayake A, Reed BT, Reimer PE, Richards R, Riordan S, Roblin YR, Seeds S, Shahinyan A, Souder P, Thiel M, Tian Y, Urciuoli GM, Wertz EW, Wojtsekhowski B, Yale B, Ye T, Yoon A, Xiong W, Zec A, Zhang W, Zhang J, Zheng X. Precision Determination of the Neutral Weak Form Factor of ^{48}Ca. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:042501. [PMID: 35939025 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.042501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report a precise measurement of the parity-violating (PV) asymmetry A_{PV} in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from ^{48}Ca. We measure A_{PV}=2668±106(stat)±40(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor F_{W}(q=0.8733 fm^{-1})=0.1304±0.0052(stat)±0.0020(syst) and the charge minus the weak form factor F_{ch}-F_{W}=0.0277±0.0055. The resulting neutron skin thickness R_{n}-R_{p}=0.121±0.026(exp)±0.024(model) fm is relatively thin yet consistent with many model calculations. The combined CREX and PREX results will have implications for future energy density functional calculations and on the density dependence of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Adhikari
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A & M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Zagreb, HR 10002, Croatia
| | - K A Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | | | - T Averett
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | | | - S K Barcus
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J F Benesch
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Bhatt
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | | | - D Bhetuwal
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - B Blaikie
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada
| | - J Boyd
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Q Campagna
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G D Cates
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA
| | - C Clarke
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M M Dalton
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Datta
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Deshpande
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Dutta
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - C Feldman
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Institute for Advanced Computational Science, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23668, USA
| | - M Gericke
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada
| | - C Ghosh
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - I Halilovic
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada
| | - J-O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Hassan
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada
| | - F Hauenstein
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - C J Horowitz
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - C Jantzi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S Jian
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S Johnston
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - D C Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Kakkar
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada
| | - S Katugampola
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D E King
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - K S Kumar
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - T Kutz
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | | | - G Leverick
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada
| | - H Liu
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - N Liyanage
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada
| | - R Mammei
- University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B2E9, Canada
| | - M McCaughan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D McNulty
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Metts
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Mihovilovic
- Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M M Mondal
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - J Napolitano
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A Narayan
- Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara, Bihar 802301, India
| | - D Nikolaev
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - V Owen
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - J Pan
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23668, USA
| | - S Park
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - K D Paschke
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Petrusky
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - M L Pitt
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - S Premathilake
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - R Radloff
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T2N2, Canada
| | - M N H Rashad
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - A Rathnayake
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B T Reed
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R Richards
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - S Riordan
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y R Roblin
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Seeds
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Yerevan 0036, Armenia
| | - P Souder
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - M Thiel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55122, Germany
| | - Y Tian
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | | | - E W Wertz
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Yale
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - T Ye
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - A Yoon
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Xiong
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - A Zec
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - W Zhang
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
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43
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Sultana MN, Rahman S, Ara R. Comparison of the Levels of Blood Homocysteine between Women with Unexplained Infertility and Normal Fertility. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:683-689. [PMID: 35780351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infertility is a common gynaecological problem which remains unexplained in 10-30% cases. This study explores the difference of blood levels of homocysteine between women with unexplained infertility and normal fertility. This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2015 to December 2015 in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh drawing 30 women with normal fertility as controls and 30 with unexplained infertility as cases. The subjects in both groups were well matched in terms of age (p value 0.875) as well as height, weight and BMI (p value 0.418). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in socio-economic status and educational levels. The two groups had similar duration of marriage (7.88±3.5 years in controls vs. 8.15±3.88 years in cases) and coital frequency (3.63±0.76 week in controls vs. 3.33±0.55 week in cases). Based on the institutional cut-off value for normal serum fasting homocysteine level of 15 micromoles/L, the frequency of hyper-homocysteinemia was significantly higher (40%) in unexplained infertility group compared to control group (16.7%, p value 0.044). Fasting serum homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the unexplained infertility group compared to the normal fertility group (13.46±5.05 vs. 9.87±4.84 micromoles/L, p value 0.007). Serum fasting homocysteine levels and frequency of hyper-homocysteinemia were increased in women with unexplained infertility compared to age and BMI matched women with normal fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Sultana
- Dr Mossammat Nigar Sultana, Assistant Professor, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Mugda Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail;
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44
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Moawad G, Rahman S, Saridogan E. The case for standardising robotic curriculum globally. Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2022; 14:99-102. [DOI: 10.52054/fvvo.14.2.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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45
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Georges F, Rashad MNH, Stefanko A, Dlamini M, Karki B, Ali SF, Lin PJ, Ko HS, Israel N, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison S, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellano J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Christy ME, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, De Persio F, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Franklin G, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gray VM, Gu C, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde CE, Ibrahim H, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li WB, Liu J, Liu H, Liyanage A, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, McClellan E, Mazouz M, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesik K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Montgomery R, Muñoz Camacho C, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obretch OF, Ou L, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park S, Park K, Peng C, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Reimer PE, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Schmookler B, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Sirca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Thorne L, Tian Y, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wang Y, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye Z, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhu P. Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Cross Section at High Bjorken x_{B}. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:252002. [PMID: 35802440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.252002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report high-precision measurements of the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) cross section at high values of the Bjorken variable x_{B}. DVCS is sensitive to the generalized parton distributions of the nucleon, which provide a three-dimensional description of its internal constituents. Using the exact analytic expression of the DVCS cross section for all possible polarization states of the initial and final electron and nucleon, and final state photon, we present the first experimental extraction of all four helicity-conserving Compton form factors (CFFs) of the nucleon as a function of x_{B}, while systematically including helicity flip amplitudes. In particular, the high accuracy of the present data demonstrates sensitivity to some very poorly known CFFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Georges
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - P-J Lin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H-S Ko
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 08826 Seoul, Korea
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipartimento di Fisica delle Università degli di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellano
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6997801, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F De Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - W Deconinck
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6997801, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Franklin
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - V M Gray
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Longwood University, Farmville, Virginia 23901, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo 121613, Egypt
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W B Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Magee
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Mazouz
- Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesik
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Muñoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - O F Obretch
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Sirca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tian
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipartimento di Fisica delle Università degli di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Wang
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, Tunxi, Daizhen Road 245041, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Obiechina N, Nandi A, Mubin M, Khan R, Chan R, Pathmanathan K, Titheridge L, Tse N, Kachala P, Rahman S, Mukherjee B. 975 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HAND GRIP STRENGTH (HGS) AND 10 YEAR PROBABILITY OF MAJOR OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES IN OLDER. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac126.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
HGS has been shown to be associated with adverse outcomes in a wide range of conditions. It has also been found to be associated with bone mineral density and is inversely associated with risk of osteoporotic fractures. The aim of this study was to determine the association between HGS and 10 year probability of sustaining a major osteoporotic fractures in older inpatient and to evaluate the effect of gender on this association.
Method
This was a cross-sectional, observational analysis of older patients admitted into hospital between September and November 2021. HGS was measured in these patients using the JAMAR hydraulic hand held dynamometer. The Southampton protocol was used. The FRAX UK tool (without BMD) was used to calculate 10 year probability of major osteoporotic fractures. Patients were included if they were 60 years and above. Younger patients were excluded as were stroke patients. Patients with incomplete data were excluded from analysis. The SPSS 27 package was used for statistical analysis. Baseline characteristics were calculated using descriptive statistics. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to calculate correlation.
Results
104 patients were analysed—41 males and 63 females. Mean age was 83 years (SD 8.2). Grip strength was inversely correlated with FRAX UK in predicting 10 year probability of major osteoporotic fractures in all patients, male patients and female patients (r = −0.452; p < 0.001, r = −0.351; p = 0.02 and r = −0.271; p = 0.03 respectively).
Conclusion
Grip strength is negatively associated with increased probability of major osteoporotic fractures in older inpatients. Reference(s) Ma Y, Fu L, Jia L, et al. Muscle strength rather than muscle mass is associated with osteoporosis in older Chinese adults. J Formos Med Assoc. 2018;117(2):101–108. doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2017.03.004
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Affiliation(s)
- N Obiechina
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Nandi
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Mubin
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R Khan
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R Chan
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Pathmanathan
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - L Titheridge
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Tse
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - P Kachala
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Rahman
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - B Mukherjee
- Department of Elderly Care Medicine; University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust
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Gémes K, Björkenstam E, Rahman S, Gustafsson K, Taipale H, Tanskanen A, Ekselius L, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Helgesson M. Occupational Branch and Labor Market Marginalization among Young Employees with Adult Onset of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-A Population-Based Matched Cohort Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19127254. [PMID: 35742503 PMCID: PMC9223828 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We compared labor market marginalization (LMM), conceptualized as days of unemployment, sickness absence and disability pension, across occupational branches (manufacturing, construction, trade, finance, health and social care, and education), among young employees with or without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and examined whether sociodemographic and health-related factors explain these associations. All Swedish residents aged 19–29 years and employed between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2011 were eligible. Individuals with a first ADHD diagnosis (n = 6030) were matched with ten controls and followed for five years. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used to model days of LMM with adjustments for sociodemographic and health-related factors. In total, 20% of those with ADHD and 59% of those without had no days of LMM during the follow-up. The median of those with LMM days with and without ADHD was 312 and 98 days. Having an ADHD diagnosis was associated with a higher incidence of LMM days (incident rate ratios (IRRs) 2.7–3.1) with no differences across occupational branches. Adjustments for sociodemographic and health-related factors explained most of the differences (IRRs: 1.4–1.7). In conclusion, young, employed adults with ADHD had a higher incidence of LMM days than those without, but there were no substantial differences between branches, even after adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Gémes
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.B.); (S.R.); (K.G.); (H.T.); (E.M.-R.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Emma Björkenstam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.B.); (S.R.); (K.G.); (H.T.); (E.M.-R.); (M.H.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Syed Rahman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.B.); (S.R.); (K.G.); (H.T.); (E.M.-R.); (M.H.)
| | - Klas Gustafsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.B.); (S.R.); (K.G.); (H.T.); (E.M.-R.); (M.H.)
| | - Heidi Taipale
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.B.); (S.R.); (K.G.); (H.T.); (E.M.-R.); (M.H.)
- Niuvanniemi Hospital, FI-70240 Kuopio, Finland;
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Lisa Ekselius
- Department Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.B.); (S.R.); (K.G.); (H.T.); (E.M.-R.); (M.H.)
| | - Magnus Helgesson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.B.); (S.R.); (K.G.); (H.T.); (E.M.-R.); (M.H.)
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Rahman S, Powell T, Staib L, Ayyagari R. Abstract No. 71 Long-term voiding success after prostatic artery embolization with 100-300μm particles for urinary retention: comparing results in gland volumes of ≤80mL versus >80mL. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Rahman S, Rosand B, Chheang S. Abstract No. 252 Utilization of a natural language processing algorithm and deep learning classifier for current procedural terminology coding in interventional radiology: a proof-of-concept model. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Rahman S, Powell T, Staib L, Ayyagari R. Abstract No. 66 Quantification of embolic particle deposition and gland volume reduction after prostatic artery embolization with 100-300μm particles: comparing results in gland volumes of ≤80mL versus >80mL. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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