1
|
Petro JL, Fragozo-Ramos MC, Milán AF, Aristizabal JC, Calderón JC, Gallo-Villegas J. Efficacy of high-intensity interval training versus continuous training on serum myonectin and lipid outcomes in adults with metabolic syndrome: A post-hoc analysis of a clinical trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307256. [PMID: 39024345 PMCID: PMC11257237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myonectin is a myokine with potential effects on the lipid metabolism; however, its regulation by exercise in humans remains unclear. We aimed to compare the efficacy of high-intensity interval training low-volume (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on serum myonectin, serum lipids, appendicular fat and lean mass, and intramuscular lipids in humans. METHODS Secondary analysis of a controlled, randomized, clinical trial in adults of both sexes with metabolic syndrome, who underwent a supervised, three-times/week, 12-week treadmill program. HIIT (n = 29) consisted of six intervals with one-minute, high-intensity phases at 90% of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for a total of 22 min. MICT (n = 31) trained at 60% of VO2peak for 36 min. Serum myonectin was measured using a human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lipid profile was determined by enzymatic methods and free fatty acids (FFA) were measured by gas chromatography. Fat and lean mass were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Intramuscular lipids were measured through proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS Subjects had a mean age of 50.8±6.0 years and body mass index of 30.6±4.0 kg/m2. Compared to MICT, HIIT was not superior at increasing serum myonectin (p = 0.661) or linoleic acid (p = 0.263), reducing palmitic (p = 0.286) or stearic acid (p = 0.350), or improving lipid profile (all p>0.05), appendicular fat mass index -AFMI- (p = 0.713) or appendicular lean mass percentage -ALM- (p = 0.810). Compared to baseline, only HIIT significantly increased myonectin (p = 0.042), with a large effect size, although both interventions reduced AFMI and increased ALM with a large effect size. Lipid profile, FFA and intramuscular lipids did not change in any intervention group (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Compared to MICT, HIIT low volume did not demonstrate superiority in improving serum lipids. The fact that both training types reduced AFMI without paralleled significant changes in serum myonectin suggests that this myokine may have a minor effect on short-middle-term exercise-induced fat mobilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Petro
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group-PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Research Group in Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences-GICAFS, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
| | - María Carolina Fragozo-Ramos
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group-PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Andrés F. Milán
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group-PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C. Aristizabal
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group-PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C. Calderón
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group-PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jaime Gallo-Villegas
- Sports Medicine Postgraduate Program and GRINMADE Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- SICOR Center, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Morris BA, Sinaei R, Smart NA. Resistance is not futile: a systematic review of the benefits, mechanisms and safety of resistance training in people with heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:827-839. [PMID: 38619757 PMCID: PMC11189316 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-024-10402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Exercise offers many physical and health benefits to people with heart failure (CHF), but aerobic training (AT) predominates published literature. Resistance training (RT) provides additional and complementary health benefits to AT in people with CHF; we aimed to elucidate specific health benefits accrued, the mechanism of effect and safety of RT. We conducted a systematic search for RT randomised, controlled trials in people with CHF, up until August 30, 2023. RT offers several benefits including improved physical function (peak VO2 and 6MWD), quality of life, cardiac systolic and diastolic function, endothelial blood vessel function, muscle strength, anti-inflammatory muscle markers, appetite and serious event rates. RT is beneficial and improves peak VO2 and 6MWD, partly restores normal muscle fibre profile and decreases inflammation. In turn this leads to a reduced risk or impact of sarcopenia/cachexia via effect on appetite. The positive impact on quality of life and performance of activities of daily living is related to improved function, which in turn improves prognosis. RT appears to be safe with only one serious event reported and no deaths. Nevertheless, few events reported to date limit robust analysis. RT appears to be safe and offers health benefits to people with CHF. RT modifies the adverse muscle phenotype profile present in people with CHF and it appears safe. Starting slowly with RT and increasing load to 80% of 1 repetition maximum (RM) appears to offer optimal benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronak Sinaei
- University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2350, Australia
| | - Neil A Smart
- University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2350, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cavalli NP, de Mello MB, Righi NC, Schuch FB, Signori LU, da Silva AMV. Effects of high-intensity interval training and its different protocols on lipid profile and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:333-349. [PMID: 38531052 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2330232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
This meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and its different protocols versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and/or control on total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, HbA1c levels, and fasting glucose in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The search strategy was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, Sport DISCUS, and PEDro, until January 2023. A total of 31 studies (1092 individuals) were included. When compared to control, HIIT decreased total cholesterol by -0.31 mmol/L (95% CI -0.49; -0.12), LDL by -0.31 mmol/L (95% CI -0.49; -0.12), triglycerides by -0.27 mmol/L (95% CI -0.33; -0.2), HbA1c by -0.75% (95% CI -0.97; -0.53), fasting glucose by -1.15 mmol/L (95% CI -1.44; -0.86), and increased HDL by 0.24 mmol/L (95% CI 0.06; 0.42). No difference was found in the comparison between HIIT versus MICT for any of the outcomes analysed, however subgroup analysis showed that a moderate-interval (>30s to < 2 min) and moderate-term (>4 to < 12 weeks) HIIT protocol reduced total cholesterol, when compared to MICT. HIIT is able to improve lipid profile and glycaemic control in T2DM individuals, and specific protocols can be recommended for improving total cholesterol levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nandiny Paula Cavalli
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences and Rehabilitation, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Mariana Brondani de Mello
- Postgraduate Program in Functional Rehabilitation, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Natiele Camponogara Righi
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Barreto Schuch
- Department of Sport Methods and Techniques, Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences and Rehabilitation, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Luis Ulisses Signori
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences and Rehabilitation, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Antônio Marcos Vargas da Silva
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences and Rehabilitation, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Subías-Perié J, Navarrete-Villanueva D, Fernández-García ÁI, Moradell A, Lozano-Berges G, Gesteiro E, Pérez-Gómez J, Ara I, Gómez-Cabello A, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Casajús JA. Effects of a multicomponent training followed by a detraining period on metabolic syndrome profile of older adults. Exp Gerontol 2024; 186:112363. [PMID: 38244708 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The present study sought to analyze the effects of 6-month multicomponent training (MCT) combined with a 4-month detraining on metabolic syndrome (MetS) profile among older adults with decreased functional capacity. METHODS This quasi-experimental study included a total of 104 older adults (80.5 ± 6.0 years) and the sample was divided into a training (TRAIN, n = 55) or control group (CON). Harmonized definition was used to diagnose the MetS. Functional capacity, blood biochemical parameters, blood pressure, body composition and anthropometric measurements were assessed 3 times. Analysis of variance for repeated measures and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to check the differences within groups. RESULTS TRAIN decreased diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and total fat mass during training period, whereas CON did not show any significant changes. During detraining, TRAIN increased HDLC, systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC) and total fat mass; and decreased glucose and fat free mass, whereas CON increased the concentration of glucose and HDLC. From baseline to post-detraining assessment, CON increased the concentration of triglycerides and the WC, while TRAIN only increased the WC (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Exercise can be a key component in the treatment of the MetS, since MCT seems to be effective to decrease DBP and total fat mass. Nevertheless, 4-months of detraining could cause a drop of total fat mass, but no in DBP. To avoid reversibility of the benefits obtained, it could be beneficial to promote continuing exercise programs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT03831841.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Subías-Perié
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - David Navarrete-Villanueva
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Ángel Iván Fernández-García
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Ana Moradell
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Gabriel Lozano-Berges
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eva Gesteiro
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; ImFine Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; HEME (Health, Economy, Motricity and Education) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; GENUD-Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludables (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alba Gómez-Cabello
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro Universitario de la Defensa, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Casajús
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wilczyńska D, Walczak-Kozłowska T, Santos-Rocha R, Laskowski R, Szumilewicz A. Stress is not so bad-cortisol level and psychological functioning after 8-week HIIT program during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1307998. [PMID: 38259751 PMCID: PMC10800893 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1307998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Amid extensive pregnancy exercise research, the impact of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on pregnant women's mental health is underexplored. Despite exercise benefits, it can trigger stress responses like elevated cortisol. This study fills the gap by investigating correlations between hair cortisol levels, mental health, and HIIT effects in pregnant women. Methods We conducted a randomized control trial among 38 Caucasian women in uncomplicated, singleton pregnancy (age 31.11 ± 4.03 years, 21.82 ± 4.30 week of gestation; mean ± SD). The experimental group comprised 22 women engaged in an 8-week high-intensity interval training program (HIIT). The comparative group consisted of 16 pregnant women undergoing an 8-week educational program (EDU). Before and after the interventions, all women were evaluated using the following tools: Hair cortisol level measurements, Beck Depression Inventory - II for depressive symptoms assessment, Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire for childbirth fear measurement, 12-item Short Form Health Survey to gage health-related quality of life, International Physical Activity Questionnaire for physical activity level estimation, and a Progressive maximal exercise test to evaluate maternal exercise capacity. Results The key finding of our study reveals that women engaged in the HIIT intervention exhibited a distinct cortisol production pattern in contrast to the EDU group practicing standard moderate intensity physical activity. In the HIIT group, there was an increase in hair cortisol levels, while the EDU group showed a notable decrease. Remarkably, HIIT stimulated cortisol production without adversely impacting fear of childbirth and psychophysical condition during pregnancy. In fact, only the HIIT group showed a significant enhancement in mental health. Conclusion No links were discovered between hair cortisol levels and the severity of depressive symptoms, psychophysical well-being, or fear of childbirth. Hence, based on our research, employing cortisol levels during pregnancy as an indicator of negative stress or depression risk appears unwarranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Wilczyńska
- Department of Physical Culture, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Rita Santos-Rocha
- ESDRM Department of Physical Activity and Health, Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Santarém, Portugal
- CIPER Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance, Faculty of Human Kinetics (FMH), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Radosław Laskowski
- Department of Physical Culture, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Szumilewicz
- Department of Physical Culture, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
McCORMICK CP, Mamikunian G, Thorp DB. The Effects of HIIT vs. MICT and Sedentary Controls on Blood Lipid Concentrations in Nondiabetic Overweight and Obese Young Adults: A Meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2023; 16:791-813. [PMID: 37649465 PMCID: PMC10464775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
With rates of obesity and dyslipidemia rising among young adults, this meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and sedentary controls (CON) on low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) in nondiabetic overweight and obese young adults to determine if HIIT or MICT is more efficacious in improving dyslipidemia. Studies included in the analysis had to be randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies, comparing the effects of HIIT versus MICT or CON on at least three variables of interest: LDL, HDL, TG, and TC, in nondiabetic adults, with body mass indexes (BMIs) above 25, and average ages between 18-30. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Eight studies fulfilled the selection criteria, with a mean PEDro quality score of 5.8. Compared to CON, HIIT significantly decreased the concentrations of LDL (-12.14 mg/dL, p = < 0.00001) and TC (-9.27 mg/dL, p = 0.003), without significantly affecting HDL or TG. Compared to MICT, HIIT significantly decreased the concentrations of LDL (-6.23 mg/dL, p = 0.05) and TC (-7.85 mg/dL, p = 0.02), without significantly affecting HDL or TG concentrations. HIIT is superior to MICT and CON in improving the concentrations of LDL and TC in our target population. As early management of dyslipidemia improves long-term health, we recommend clinicians consider HIIT training protocols for their nondiabetic overweight and obese young adult patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Garrett Mamikunian
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David B Thorp
- Department of Human Physiology, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sánchez-Polo A, De-Llano E, Gómez-Conesa A. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Interval Training: Effects on Cardiometabolic Factors in Spanish Obese Adults. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023:00005082-990000000-00086. [PMID: 37155298 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess weight and obesity are related to cardiometabolic diseases and limit physical activity. Until now, the effects of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) compared with moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) in Spanish obese adults have not been analyzed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of MICT and MIIT together with a 1300-to-1400 caloric restrictive diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in overweight and obese patients. METHODS The MICT and MIIT groups trained during 4 sessions a week for 12 weeks while performing the diet. The MICT group trained for 32 minutes per session in a cycloergometer, initially at 60% maximal oxygen uptake during the first month and increasing by 10% every 4 weeks. The MIIT group performed 4 × 4 intervals (at 60% maximal oxygen uptake and active rest at 60% maximal oxygen uptake minus 20 W), with a 10% increase every 4 weeks. The control group neither trained nor followed the restrictive diet. RESULTS One hundred fifty-nine obese adults participated in the study. The control group did not present any significant changes during the study. The MICT group significantly improved in all the variables (P < .05) except for high-density lipoproteins. The MIIT group improved in all the variables (P < .05) except for high-density lipoproteins and triglycerides. The MIIT group lost weight in less time than the MICT group. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obese adults of both the MICT and MIIT groups decreased their risk for cardiovascular disease, although the MIIT group lost weight in a shorter amount of time.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wood G, Taylor E, Ng V, Murrell A, Patil A, van der Touw T, Wolden M, Andronicos N, Smart NA. Estimating the Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training on Novel Lipid Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Multivariate Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Sports Med 2023; 53:871-886. [PMID: 36862340 PMCID: PMC10036419 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aerobic exercise training (AET) prescribed as lipid management treatment positively affects the standard lipid profile and reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Apolipoproteins, lipid and apolipoprotein ratios, and lipoprotein sub-fractions may more effectively predict CVD risk than the standard lipid profile but an AET response in these biomarkers has not been established. OBJECTIVES We conducted a quantitative systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to (1) determine the effects of AET on lipoprotein sub-fractions, apolipoproteins and relevant ratios; and (2) identify study or intervention covariates associated with change in these biomarkers. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, all Web of Science and EBSCO health and medical online databases from inception to 31 December 2021. We included published RCTs of adult humans with ≥ 10 per group of participants; an AET intervention duration ≥ 12 weeks of at least moderate intensity (> 40% maximum oxygen consumption); and reporting pre/post measurements. Non-sedentary subjects, or those with chronic disease other than Metabolic Syndrome factors, or pregnant/lactating, as well as trials testing diet/medications, or resistance/isometric/unconventional training interventions, were excluded. RESULTS Fifty-seven RCTs totalling 3194 participants were analysed. Multivariate meta-analysis showed AET significantly raised antiatherogenic apolipoproteins and lipoprotein sub-fractions (mmol/L mean difference (MD) 0.047 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.011, 0.082), P = .01); lowered atherogenic apoliproteins and lipoprotein sub-fractions (mmol/L MD - 0.08 (95% CI - 0.161, 0.0003), P = .05); and improved atherogenic lipid ratios (MD - 0.201 (95% CI - 0.291, - 0.111), P < .0001). Multivariate meta-regression showed intervention variables contributed to change in lipid, sub-fraction, and apoliprotein ratios. CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise training positively impacts atherogenic lipid and apolipoprotein ratios, alipoproteins, and lipoprotein sub-fractions; and antiatherogenic apolipoproteins and lipoprotein sub-fractions. Cardiovascular disease risk predicted by these biomarkers may be lowered when AET is prescribed as treatment or prevention. PROSPERO ID CRD42020151925.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Wood
- School of Science and Technology in the Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.
| | - Emily Taylor
- School of Science and Technology in the Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Vanessa Ng
- School of Science and Technology in the Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Anna Murrell
- School of Rural Medicine in the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Aditya Patil
- School of Science and Technology in the Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Tom van der Touw
- School of Science and Technology in the Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Mitch Wolden
- Physical Therapy Program, University of Jamestown, Fargo, ND, 58104, USA
| | - Nick Andronicos
- School of Science and Technology in the Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Neil A Smart
- School of Science and Technology in the Faculty of Science, Agriculture, Business and Law, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Franczyk B, Gluba-Brzózka A, Ciałkowska-Rysz A, Ławiński J, Rysz J. The Impact of Aerobic Exercise on HDL Quantity and Quality: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054653. [PMID: 36902082 PMCID: PMC10003711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins comprise roughly 25-30% of the circulating proteins involved in the transport of lipids in circulation. These particles differ in size and lipid composition. Recent evidence suggests that the quality of HDL particles (which depends on shape, size and the composition of proteins and lipids determining HDL functionality) may be more important than their quantity. The functionality of HDL is mirrored by its cholesterol efflux activity, as well as its antioxidant (including the protection of LDL against oxidation), anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties. The results of many studies and meta-analyses imply the beneficial impact of aerobic exercise on HDL-C levels. Physical activity was found to be usually associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decrease in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Exercise, apart from inducing quantitative alterations in serum lipids, exerts a beneficial impact on HDL particle maturation, composition and functionality. The Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report underlined the importance of establishing a program recommending exercises that enable attainment of maximal advantage at the lowest level of risk. The aim of this manuscript is to review the impact of different types of aerobic exercise (various intensities and durations) on the level and quality of HDL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Gluba-Brzózka
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-639-3750
| | | | - Janusz Ławiński
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wilczyńska D, Walczak-Kozłowska T, Radzimiński Ł, Oviedo-Caro MÁ, Santos-Rocha R, Szumilewicz A. Can we hit prenatal depression and anxiety through HIIT? The effectiveness of online high intensity interval training in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:215. [PMID: 36550564 PMCID: PMC9773485 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years high intensity interval training (HIIT) has grown in popularity. However, it rarely represents training interventions in experimental studies in pregnant populations. Therefore, in this study we aimed to assess changes in depressive symptoms, fear of childbirth, fear of Covid-19 and quality of life after an 8-week supervised online HIIT program, compared to an educational (self-performed physical activity) program. METHODS We conducted a randomized control trial among 54 Caucasian women in uncomplicated, singleton pregnancy (age 32 ± 4 years, 22 ± 4 week of gestation; mean ± SD). There were 34 women in the experimental group, who participated in an 8-week high intensity interval training program (HIIT group). The comparative group was constituted of 20 pregnant women who attended 8-week educational program (EDU group). RESULTS The most important finding was that mental health improved somewhat in both groups after the intervention, but only the HIIT group improved statistically significantly. The positive trends in lowering the severity of depressive symptoms, fear of childbirth, and fear of Covid-19 were observed in both groups. However, the positive response to the intervention was stronger in the EDU group. As a secondary outcome, there was a significant decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness level in the EDU group, while the HIIT group maintained unchanged level of maximal oxygen uptake. CONCLUSIONS HIIT seems to be beneficial for women with uncomplicated pregnancies to maintain adequate quality of life and mental health. However, more research is needed to determine the effectiveness of prenatal HIIT in pregnant women in various psychological conditions. TRIAL REGISTRATION We conducted this study in Poland, in 2021. It was approved by the Bioethics Commission at the District Medical Chamber in Gdansk (KB-8/21). The full study protocol was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05009433).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Wilczyńska
- grid.445131.60000 0001 1359 8636Department of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tamara Walczak-Kozłowska
- grid.8585.00000 0001 2370 4076Department of Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Łukasz Radzimiński
- grid.445131.60000 0001 1359 8636Department of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Miguel Ángel Oviedo-Caro
- grid.9224.d0000 0001 2168 1229Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Rita Santos-Rocha
- grid.410927.90000 0001 2171 5310Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior (ESDRM), Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior, Portugal ,grid.9983.b0000 0001 2181 4263Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics (FMH), University of Lisbon, lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anna Szumilewicz
- grid.445131.60000 0001 1359 8636Department of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu H, Santos-Rocha R, Radzimiński Ł, Jastrzębski Z, Bonisławska I, Szwarc A, Szumilewicz A. Effects of 8-Week Online, Supervised High-Intensity Interval Training on the Parameters Related to the Anaerobic Threshold, Body Weight, and Body Composition during Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245279. [PMID: 36558438 PMCID: PMC9781372 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the effects of an 8-week, online high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program on the parameters related to the anaerobic threshold (AT), body weight, and body composition in pregnant women. A total of 69 Caucasian women with an uncomplicated singleton pregnancy (age: 31 ± 4 years; gestational age: 22 ± 5 weeks; mean ± standard deviation) were randomly allocated to either an 8-week HIIT program (HIIT group) or to a comparative 8-week educational program (EDU group). Our most important finding was that even with the 8-week progression of pregnancy and physiological weight gain, the HIIT group maintained the same level of parameters related to AT: volume of oxygen at the AT (VO2/AT), percentage of maximal oxygen uptake at the AT (%VO2max/AT), and heart rate at the AT (HR/AT). In contrast, in the EDU group we observed a substantial deterioration of parameters related to the AT. The HIIT intervention substantially reduced the fat mass percentage (median: 30 to 28%; p < 0.01) and improved the total fat-free mass percentage (median: 70% to 72%; p < 0.01). In the EDU group, the body composition did not change significantly. An online, supervised HIIT program may be used to prevent the pregnancy-related risk of excessive weight gain and reduction in exercise capacity without yielding adverse obstetric or neonatal outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Yu
- Department of Sport, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Rita Santos-Rocha
- Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior (ESDRM), Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2001-904 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Łukasz Radzimiński
- Department of Health and Natural Sciences, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Jastrzębski
- Department of Health and Natural Sciences, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Iwona Bonisławska
- Department of Physical Education and Social Sciences, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Szwarc
- Department of Sport, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Szumilewicz
- Department of Sport, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou Y, Guo X, Mu J, Liu J, Yang H, Cai C. Current Research Trends, Hotspots, and Frontiers of Physical Activity during Pregnancy: A Bibliometric Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14516. [PMID: 36361397 PMCID: PMC9654998 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy has been proven beneficial to pregnant women, with a significant effect on ameliorating many severe gestational complications. This work aimed to reveal current research trends, hotspots, and future frontiers in PA during pregnancy. METHODS Software CiteSpace was used to perform a bibliometric analysis with 1415 publications in the Web of Science Core Collection. RESULTS the number of published papers on PA during pregnancy has increased gradually by year. The United States has made the most significant contribution to the research on this topic, ranking first in the world in both the number and centrality of research. A total of 54 articles (3.8%) were published in 2022. A majority of publications were research articles (n = 1176, 78.9%). The authors and institutions of the research published have more inter-country collaborations. Different patterns of PA, prevention, and amelioration of pregnancy complications are major research hotspots. Improvement of sedentary behaviour, lifestyle intervention through leisure-time PA, and preterm care are major research frontiers and have received extensive attention in recent years. CONCLUSIONS The current scientometric study presents an overview of PA during pregnancy research conducted throughout the preceding decades. The conclusions of this work might serve as a reference for researchers who are interested in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhou
- School of Art, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Sport Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinhao Mu
- Sport Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jingying Liu
- Sport Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongying Yang
- Library of Beijing Sport University, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chenxi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Haganes KL, Silva CP, Eyjólfsdóttir SK, Steen S, Grindberg M, Lydersen S, Hawley JA, Moholdt T. Time-restricted eating and exercise training improve HbA1c and body composition in women with overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1457-1471.e4. [PMID: 36198292 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diet modification and exercise training are primary lifestyle strategies for obesity management, but poor adherence rates limit their effectiveness. Time-restricted eating (TRE) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improve cardiometabolic health in at-risk individuals, but whether these two interventions combined induce superior improvements in glycemic control than each individual intervention is not known. In this four-armed randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04019860), we determined the isolated and combined effects of 7 weeks of TRE (≤10-h daily eating window, with ad libitum energy intake) and HIIT (three exercise sessions per week), compared with a non-intervention control group, on glycemic control and secondary cardiometabolic outcomes in 131 women (36.2 ± 6.2 years) with overweight/obesity. There were no statistically significant effects after isolated TRE, HIIT, or a combination (TREHIIT) on glucose area under the curve during an oral glucose tolerance test (the primary outcome) compared with the control group (TRE, -26.3 mmol/L; 95% confidence interval [CI], -82.3 to 29.7, p = 0.36; HIIT, -53.8 mmol/L; 95% CI, -109.2 to 1.6, p = 0.057; TREHIIT, -41.3 mmol/L; 95% CI, -96.4 to 13.8, p = 0.14). However, TREHIIT improved HbA1c and induced superior reductions in total and visceral fat mass compared with TRE and HIIT alone. High participant adherence rates suggest that TRE, HIIT, and a combination thereof may be realistic diet-exercise strategies for improving markers of metabolic health in women at risk of cardiometabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla L Haganes
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway; Women's Clinic, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway.
| | - Catalina P Silva
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Svala K Eyjólfsdóttir
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Sandra Steen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Martine Grindberg
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - John A Hawley
- Exercise & Nutrition Research Program, The Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Trine Moholdt
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway; Women's Clinic, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Borges M, Sousa E, Medeiros J, Medeiros R, Oliveira V, Costa R, Luchessi A, Dantas P. PUNTO ÓPTIMO CARDIORRESPIRATORIO, COMPOSICION CORPORAL Y MEDIDAS BIOQUÍMICAS: UN ESTUDIO CON GEMELOS. REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y DEL DEPORTE 2022. [DOI: 10.15366/rimcafd2022.87.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
El propósito de este estudio fue investigar la relación de la composición corporal y las variables bioquímicas con el POC, así como observar la tendencia de la heredabilidad. Estudio transversal con gemelos monocigóticos y dicigóticos adultos. Para obtener los valores del POC, la prueba de ejercicio cardiopulmonar fue realizada se realizó un protocolo con sobre cinta rodante. Para la composición corporal, se utilizaron laabsorciometríade energía dual y la antropometría. Para las inferencias, se realizaron la concordancia de Spearman y la prueba de hipótesisMann-Whitney.Los resultados mostraron que lasvariables de composición corporal no se correlacionaron significativamente con el punto óptimo cardiorrespiratorio. El Punto Óptimo Cardiorrespiratorio y las variables bioquímicas en general demostraron una mayor tendencia a ser influenciados por factores ambientales. El comportamiento de las variables de composición corporal demostró una mayor influencia de la heredabilidad.
Collapse
|
15
|
Cao M, Li S, Tang Y, Zou Y. A Meta-Analysis of High-Intensity Interval Training on Glycolipid Metabolism in Children With Metabolic Disorders. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:887852. [PMID: 35633975 PMCID: PMC9133662 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.887852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Metabolic disorders are common among children and adolescents with obesity and are associated with insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and other cardiovascular risk factors. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficient method to improve cardiometabolic health. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the effects of HIIT on glycolipid metabolism in children with metabolic disorders. Methods Meta-analyses were conducted to determine the effect of HIIT on glycolipid metabolism markers. Subgroup analysis with potential moderators was explored [i.e., training intensity standard and work/rest time ratio (WRR)]. Results Eighteen trials involving 538 participants were included. HIIT showed positive effects on glycolipid metabolism, such as triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), blood glucose (BG), blood insulin (BI), and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR, when compared to the non-training control group (CON); in addition to BG (p = 0.257), the combined results of other indicators have high heterogeneity (p = 0.000). HIIT showed no superior effects when compared to moderate-intensity training (MIT). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that HIIT protocol with a WRR of 1:1 was superior to MIT for reducing TG and LDL-C and used %maximal aerobic speed (MAS) as the exercise intensity was superior to MIT for reducing TG. HIIT protocol used %heart rate (HR) as the exercise intensity was superior to MIT for increasing HDL-C, decreasing BI, and HOMA-IR. Conclusion HIIT improved glycolipid metabolism in children with metabolic disorders. WRR and training intensity can affect the intervention effects of HIIT. Systematic Review Registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/], identifier [CRD42021291473].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cao
- Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yucheng Tang
- Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hesketh K, Jones H, Kinnafick F, Shepherd SO, Wagenmakers AJM, Strauss JA, Cocks M. Home-Based HIIT and Traditional MICT Prescriptions Improve Cardiorespiratory Fitness to a Similar Extent Within an Exercise Referral Scheme for At-Risk Individuals. Front Physiol 2021; 12:750283. [PMID: 34858205 PMCID: PMC8631444 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.750283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise referral schemes (ERS) are used to promote physical activity within primary care. Traditionally, ERS are conducted in a gym or leisure-center setting, with exercise prescriptions based on moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). Home-based high-intensity interval training (Home-HIIT) has the potential to reduce perceived barriers to exercise, including lack of time and access to facilities, compared to traditional MICT prescription used with ERS and improve health related outcomes. We hypothesized that Home-HIIT would mediate greater improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) by virtue of greater adherence and compliance to the exercise prescription, compared to MICT. Methods: Patients enrolled on an ERS (Liverpool, United Kingdom) were recruited for a pragmatic trial. Participants self-selected either 12 weeks of MICT (45-135 min/week at 50-70% HRmax) or Home-HIIT (4-9 min × 1 min intervals at ≥80% of HRmax, interspersed with 1 min rest). The primary outcome was the change in CRF (VO2 peak) at post-intervention (12 weeks) and follow-up (3-month post intervention), using intention-to-treat analysis. Results: 154 participants (age 48 ± 10y; BMI 30.5 ± 6.1 kg/m2) were recruited between October 2017 and March 2019, 87 (56%) participants chose Home-HIIT and 67 (44%) MICT. VO2 peak increased post-intervention in both groups (MICT 3.9 ± 6.0 ml.kg-1.min-1, Home-HIIT 2.8 ± 4.5 ml.kg-1.min-1, P < 0.001), and was maintained at follow-up (P < 0.001). Fat mass was only reduced post MICT (MICT -1.5 ± 6.3 kg, P < 0.05, Home-HIIT -0.2 ± 2.0 kg, P = 1.00), but the reduction was not maintained at follow-up (MICT -0.6 ± 5.1 kg, Home-HIIT 0.0 ± 2.2 kg, P > 0.05). Adherence to the prescribed programs was similar (MICT 48 ± 35%, Home-HIIT 39 ± 36%, P = 0.77). Conclusion: This is the first study to evaluate the use of Home-HIIT for individuals in a primary care setting. Contrary to our hypothesis, adherence to both exercise prescriptions was poor, and CRF improved to a similar extent in both groups with improvements maintained at 3-month follow-up. We provide evidence that, although not superior, Home-HIIT could be an effective and popular additional exercise choice for patients within primary care based ERS. Clinical Trial Registration: [ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT04553614].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Hesketh
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Jones
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Florence Kinnafick
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Sam O Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Anton J M Wagenmakers
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Juliette A Strauss
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Cocks
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The Long-term Effect of Different Exercise Intensities on High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Older Men and Women Using the Per Protocol Approach: The Generation 100 Study. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2021; 5:859-871. [PMID: 34585083 PMCID: PMC8452785 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine whether 5 years of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration more than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and control (CON) in older men and women. Methods A total of 1567 older adults (790 [50.4%] women) were randomized (2:1:1) to either CON (n=780; asked to follow the national recommendations for physical activity) or 2 weekly sessions of HIIT (10-minute warm-up followed by 4×4-minute intervals at ∼90% of peak heart rate) or MICT (50 minutes of continuous work at ∼70% of peak heart rate). Serum HDL-C concentration was measured by standard procedures at baseline and at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years. The study took place between August 21, 2012, and June 31, 2018. Linear mixed models were used to determine between-group differences during 5 years using the per protocol approach. Results Men in HIIT had a smaller reduction in HDL-C (−1.2%) than men in CON (−6.9%) and MICT (−7.8%) after 5 years (P=.01 and P=.03 for CON vs HIIT and MICT vs HIIT, respectively). No effect of exercise intensity on HDL-C was seen in women. Changes in peak oxygen uptake were associated with changes in HDL-C in both men and women, whereas changes in body weight and fat mass were not. Conclusion In men, HIIT seems to be the best strategy to prevent a decline in HDL-C during a 5-year period. No effect of exercise intensity was seen for older women. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01666340.
Collapse
|
18
|
Płoszczyca K, Czuba M, Langfort J, Baranowski M. Exposure to Normobaric Hypoxia Combined with a Mixed Diet Contributes to Improvement in Lipid Profile in Trained Cyclists. Nutrients 2021; 13:3481. [PMID: 34684480 PMCID: PMC8538977 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effects of live high-train low method (LH-TL) and intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) with a controlled mixed diet on lipid profile in cyclists. Thirty trained male cyclists at a national level with at least six years of training experience participated in the study. The LH-TL group was exposed to hypoxia (FiO2 = 16.5%) for 11-12 h a day and trained under normoxia for 3 weeks. In the IHT group, participants followed the IHT routine three times a week under hypoxia (FiO2 = 16.5%) at lactate threshold intensity. The control group (N) lived and trained under normoxia. The results showed that the 3-week LH-TL method significantly improved all lipid profile variables. The LH-TL group showed a significant increase in HDL-C by 9.0% and a decrease in total cholesterol (TC) by 9.2%, LDL-C by 18.2%, and triglycerides (TG) by 27.6%. There were no significant changes in lipid profiles in the IHT and N groups. ∆TG and ∆TC were significantly higher in the LH-TL group compared to the N group. In conclusion, hypoxic conditions combined with a mixed diet can induce beneficial changes in lipid profile even in highly trained athletes. The effectiveness of the hypoxic stimulus is closely related to the hypoxic training method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Płoszczyca
- Department of Kinesiology, Institute of Sport, 01-982 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Miłosz Czuba
- Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Józef Langfort
- Department of Sports Theory, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Marcin Baranowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
SAYYAH M, VAKILI Z, EHTRAM H. Effect of 8 weeks of interval aerobic exercise on body fat percentage and lipid profile of overweight male college students. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2021. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.20.04395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
20
|
D'Amuri A, Sanz JM, Capatti E, Di Vece F, Vaccari F, Lazzer S, Zuliani G, Dalla Nora E, Passaro A. Effectiveness of high-intensity interval training for weight loss in adults with obesity: a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2021; 7:e001021. [PMID: 34367654 PMCID: PMC8292807 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-001021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity treatment guidelines suggest moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), but the patient's compliance to this indication remains low. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time sparing training mode whose metabolic effects are not clear. This study aimed to determine whether a 12-week HIIT was more effective than MICT for weight loss in obese adults. METHODS 44 obese subjects were randomised and trained with isoenergetic treadmill exercises for 12 weeks: MICT (60% of maximal oxygen peak, VO2peak) or HIIT (3-7 repetition of 3 min 100% of VO2peak interspersed by 1.5 min 50% of VO2peak). The primary outcome was a change in body weight; the secondary outcomes were changes in body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, glycaemia, insulin and VO2peak. RESULTS 32 subjects (53% male, mean age: 38.5 years, mean body mass index: 35.5 kg/m2) completed the trial. MICT and HIIT showed comparable effect within groups in weight loss (-6.0 kg (-9.0 kg to -3.0 kg) vs -5.7 kg (-8.3 kg to -3.1 kg)), changes in fat mass (-2.9% (-4.4% to -1.4%) vs -3.6% (-5.9% to -1.2%)), fat free mass (-5.3% (-7.8% to -2.8%) vs -5.5% (-8.3% to -2.6%)), diastolic blood pressure (-5.5 mm Hg (-10.6 mm Hg to -0.3 mm Hg) vs -5.8 mm Hg (-11.3 mm Hg to -0.3 mm Hg)) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-16.4 mg/dL (-30.8 mg/dL to -2.0 mg/dL) vs -14.7 mg/dL (-25.6 mg/dL to -3.8 mg/dL)). There was a significant change between groups in VO2peak (HIIT: +461.6 mL (329.3‒593.8 mL); MICT: +170.5 mL (86.7-254.4 mL); p<0001) and duration of sessions (HIIT: 35.0 min (31.7 ‒35.6 min); MICT: 46.5 min (40.2‒48.3 min); p<0.001). No significant changes in systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glycaemia or plasma insulin were observed. CONCLUSIONS In healthy adults with obesity, HIIT compared with MICT induced similar weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors improvement but resulted in a larger increase in cardiorespiratory fitness over a shorter period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D'Amuri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Juana Maria Sanz
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Capatti
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Vece
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Filippo Vaccari
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Edoardo Dalla Nora
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wood G, Taylor E, Ng V, Murrell A, Patil A, van der Touw T, Sigal R, Wolden M, Smart N. Determining the effect size of aerobic exercise training on the standard lipid profile in sedentary adults with three or more metabolic syndrome factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Sports Med 2021; 56:bjsports-2021-103999. [PMID: 34193471 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-103999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the change in the standard lipid profile (SLP) of adults diagnosed with ≥3 metabolic syndrome (MetS) factors following aerobic exercise training (AET); and to investigate whether study/intervention covariates are associated with this change. DESIGN Systematic review with univariate meta-analysis and meta-regression. DATA SOURCES English language searches of online databases from inception until July 2020. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: (1) Published randomised controlled human trials with study population ≥10 per group; (2) sedentary adults with ≥3 MetS factors but otherwise free of chronic disease, not pregnant/lactating; (3) AET-only intervention with duration ≥12 weeks; and (4) reporting pre-post intervention SLP outcomes. RESULTS Various univariate meta-analyses pooled 48 data sets of 2990 participants. Aerobic exercise training significantly (P<.001) improved all lipids (mmol/L mean difference ranges, 95% CIs): total cholesterol, -0.19 (-0.26 to -0.12) to -0.29 (-0.36 to -0.21); triglycerides, -0.17 (-0.19 to -0.14) to -0.18 (-0.24 to -0.13); high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), 0.05 (0.03 to 0.07) to 0.10 (0.05 to 0.15); and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), -0.12 (-0.16 to -0.9) to -0.20 (-0.25 to -0.14). Meta-regression showed that intensity may explain change in triglycerides and volume may explain change in HDL-C and LDL-C. CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise training positively changes the SLP of sedentary and otherwise healthy adults with ≥3 MetS factors. Adjusting AET intervention training variables may increase the effects of AET on triglycerides and HDL-C. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020151925.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Wood
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emily Taylor
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vanessa Ng
- School of Rural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna Murrell
- School of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aditya Patil
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tom van der Touw
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ronald Sigal
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mitch Wolden
- Physical Therapy, University of Jamestown, Jamestown, North Dakota, USA
| | - Neil Smart
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Marin-Couture E, Pérusse L, Tremblay A. The fit-active profile to better reflect the benefits of a lifelong vigorous physical activity participation: mini-review of literature and population data. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 46:763-770. [PMID: 33667123 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity is favourably considered for its effect on metabolic fitness and body composition. This observation is generally supported by observational studies and is concordant with endurance-trained individuals' metabolic and morphological profiles. However, in some contexts, the measurement of physical activity habits may not provide an adequate representation of its benefits. In this paper, we review relevant literature on the respective effects of fitness and physical activity on anthropometric and metabolic variables and the informative potential of a classification based on aerobic fitness and activity indicators. The relevance to defining a profile based on both fitness and activity is reinforced by data from the Quebec Family Study showing that, in both men and women, "fit-active" individuals displayed a much more favourable morphological and metabolic profile than "unfit-inactive" individuals. Moreover, these benefits seemed to be more related to variations in fitness than in physical activity. In summary, evidence suggests that a profile combining information on aerobic fitness and physical activity may better reflect the lifelong impact of physical activity on body composition and health. Novelty: The fit-active profile better reflects the long-term benefits of vigorous physical activity participation on health. The reported benefits seem to be more related to variations in aerobic fitness than to those in physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Marin-Couture
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food (INAF), Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Pérusse
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food (INAF), Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food (INAF), Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Farrow MT, Maher J, Thompson D, Bilzon JLJ. Effect of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic component risks in persons with paraplegia: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:1159-1165. [PMID: 33600014 DOI: 10.1113/ep089110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI) are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and present with a multitude of elevated cardiometabolic component risks. Although upper-body exercise appears an effective strategy to improve some of these outcomes, the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has yet to be determined for this population. Therefore, a randomized controlled trial will be conducted to determine the effectiveness of a 6 week home-based upper-body HIIT intervention on biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in persons with spinal cord injury, in comparison to a control (CON) group. We will recruit 40 individuals with chronic (>1 year post-injury) paraplegia (spinal cord lesion between the second thoracic and second lumbar vertebrae), aged between 18 and 65 years. After baseline testing, participants will be assigned randomly, using a 2:1 allocation, to the home-based exercise intervention (HIIT, n = 26) or control group (CON, n = 14). The HIIT intervention will consist of 30 min of arm crank-based HIIT (60 s intervals at 80-90% peak heart rate) four times per week. Participants in the CON group will be asked to maintain their habitual diet and physical activity patterns over the study period. Baseline and follow-up assessments will be made for determination of body composition, postprandial glycaemic control, fasting blood lipids and systemic inflammation, aerobic capacity, physical activity and energy intake, resting metabolic rate, resting blood pressure, and subjective measures of health and well-being. ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT04397250. Registered on 21 May 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Farrow
- Centre for Clinical Rehabilitation and Exercise Medicine (CREM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Centre for Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research and Applications (CAMERA), University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Jennifer Maher
- Centre for Clinical Rehabilitation and Exercise Medicine (CREM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Centre for Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Dylan Thompson
- Centre for Clinical Rehabilitation and Exercise Medicine (CREM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Centre for Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - James L J Bilzon
- Centre for Clinical Rehabilitation and Exercise Medicine (CREM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Centre for Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research and Applications (CAMERA), University of Bath, Bath, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Serrablo-Torrejon I, Lopez-Valenciano A, Ayuso M, Horton E, Mayo X, Medina-Gomez G, Liguori G, Jimenez A. High intensity interval training exercise-induced physiological changes and their potential influence on metabolic syndrome clinical biomarkers: a meta-analysis. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 33172413 PMCID: PMC7653723 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-00640-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the current debate about the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT), HIIT elicits big morpho-physiological benefit on Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) treatment. However, no review or meta-analysis has compared the effects of HIIT to non-exercising controls in MetS variables. The aim of this study was to determine through a systematic review, the effectiveness of HIIT on MetS clinical variables in adults. METHODS Studies had to be randomised controlled trials, lasting at least 3 weeks, and compare the effects of HIIT on at least one of the MetS clinical variables [fasting blood glucose (BG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) triglyceride (TG), systolic (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and waist circumference (WC)] compared to a control group. The methodological quality of the studies selected was evaluated using the PEDro scale. RESULTS Ten articles fulfilled the selection criteria, with a mean quality score on the PEDro scale of 6.7. Compared with controls, HIIT groups showed significant and relevant reductions in BG (- 0.11 mmol/L), SBP (- 4.44 mmHg), DBP (- 3.60 mmHg), and WC (- 2.26 cm). Otherwise, a slight increase was observed in HDL-C (+ 0.02 mmol/L). HIIT did not produce any significant changes in TG (- 1.29 mmol/L). CONCLUSIONS HIIT improves certain clinical aspects in people with MetS (BG, SBP, DBP and WC) compared to people with MetS who do not perform physical exercise. Plausible physiological changes of HIIT interventions might be related with large skeletal muscle mass implication, improvements in the vasomotor control, better baroreflex control, reduction of the total peripheral resistance, increases in excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, and changes in appetite and satiety mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Serrablo-Torrejon
- Faculty Research Centre for Sport, Exercise & Life Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
- GO fit LAB, Av. Islas de Filipinas, 7, 28003, Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Lopez-Valenciano
- GO fit LAB, Av. Islas de Filipinas, 7, 28003, Madrid, Spain
- Observatory of Healthy & Active Living, Spain Active Foundation, Centre for Sport Studies, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ayuso
- GO fit LAB, Av. Islas de Filipinas, 7, 28003, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Horton
- Faculty Research Centre for Sport, Exercise & Life Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - X Mayo
- GO fit LAB, Av. Islas de Filipinas, 7, 28003, Madrid, Spain
- Observatory of Healthy & Active Living, Spain Active Foundation, Centre for Sport Studies, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Medina-Gomez
- Observatory of Healthy & Active Living, Spain Active Foundation, Centre for Sport Studies, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Liguori
- University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - A Jimenez
- GO fit LAB, Av. Islas de Filipinas, 7, 28003, Madrid, Spain
- Observatory of Healthy & Active Living, Spain Active Foundation, Centre for Sport Studies, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Reljic D, Frenk F, Herrmann HJ, Neurath MF, Zopf Y. Low-volume high-intensity interval training improves cardiometabolic health, work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals: a randomized-controlled trial sub-study. J Transl Med 2020; 18:419. [PMID: 33160382 PMCID: PMC7648946 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with impaired health and lower work ability. Increased physical activity is a cornerstone in the treatment of obesity and related risk factors. Recently, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a popular exercise option. However, data regarding the effects on cardiometabolic health, perceived work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals are lacking. METHODS Sixty-five obese individuals with sedentary occupation (48.7 ± 9.9 years, BMI: 39.6 ± 7.1 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to an extremely time-efficient HIIT (5 × 1 min at 80-95% maximal heart rate on cycle ergometers, 2×/week for 12 weeks) or an inactive control group (CON). Both groups received nutritional counseling to support weight loss. Primary outcome was maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), secondary outcomes were cardiometabolic risk indices, body composition, work ability index (WAI), quality of life (QoL, EQ-5D-5L-questionnaire) and perceived stress (PSQ-questionnaire). RESULTS Mean body weight reduction was 5.3 kg [95% confidence interval (95% CI) - 7.3 to - 3.3 kg] in the HIIT group (P < 0.001) and 3.7 kg (95% CI - 5.3 to - 2.1 kg) in CON (P < 0.001), respectively. Only the HIIT group showed significant (P < 0.001) changes in VO2max [+ 3.5 mL/kg/min (95% CI 2.5 to 4.6 mL/kg/min)], waist circumference [-7.5 cm (95% CI - 9.8 to - 5.1 kg)], mean arterial blood pressure [- 11 mmHg (95% CI - 14 to - 8 mmHg)], WAI [+ 3.0 points (95% CI 1.7 to 4.3 points)] and QoL [+ 10% (95% CI 5 to 16%)]. In CON, none of these parameters improved significantly. CONCLUSIONS Low-volume HIIT may induce significant improvements in cardiometabolic health, especially VO2max, WAI and well-being in obese individuals after only 12 weeks. Our results underpin the wide range of benefits on health and subjective measures through exercise that go well beyond simple weight loss through dietary restriction alone. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Id: NCT03306069. Registered 10 October 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03306069 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Reljic
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Fabienne Frenk
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans J Herrmann
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yurdagül Zopf
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|