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Barrett KA, Kassama FJ, Surks W, Mulholland AJ, Moulton KD, Dube DH. Helicobacter pylori glycan biosynthesis modulates host immune cell recognition and response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1377077. [PMID: 38572314 PMCID: PMC10987845 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1377077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori has evolved glycan-mediated mechanisms to evade host immune defenses. This study tests the hypothesis that genetic disruption of H. pylori glycan biosynthesis alters immune recognition and response by human gastric epithelial cells and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Methods To test this hypothesis, human cell lines were challenged with wildtype H. pylori alongside an array of H. pylori glycosylation mutants. The relative levels of immune response were measured via immature dendritic cell maturation and cytokine secretion. Results Our findings indicate that disruption of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis diminishes gastric cytokine production, without disrupting dendritic cell recognition and activation. In contrast, variable immune responses were observed in protein glycosylation mutants which prompted us to test the hypothesis that phase variation plays a role in regulating bacterial cell surface glycosylation and subsequent immune recognition. Lewis antigen presentation does not correlate with extent of immune response, while the extent of lipopolysaccharide O-antigen elaboration does. Discussion The outcomes of this study demonstrate that H. pylori glycans modulate the host immune response. This work provides a foundation to pursue immune-based tailoring of bacterial glycans towards modulating immunogenicity of microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Danielle H. Dube
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, United States
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2
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Lei C, Xu Y, Zhang S, Huang C, Qin J. The role of microbiota in gastric cancer: A comprehensive review. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13071. [PMID: 38643366 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) continues to pose a significant global threat in terms of cancer-related fatalities. Despite notable advancements in medical research and therapies, further investigation is warranted to elucidate its underlying etiology and risk factors. Recent times have witnessed an escalated emphasis on comprehending the role of the microbiota in cancer development. METHODS This review briefly delves into recent developments in microbiome-related research pertaining to gastric cancer. RESULTS According to studies, the microbiota can influence GC growth by inciting inflammation, disrupting immunological processes, and generating harmful microbial metabolites. Furthermore, there is ongoing research into how the microbiome can impact a patient's response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. CONCLUSION The utilization of the microbiome for detecting, preventing, and managing stomach cancer remains an active area of exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhen Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yitian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaopeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Fischbach W, Bornschein J, Hoffmann JC, Koletzko S, Link A, Macke L, Malfertheiner P, Schütte K, Selgrad DM, Suerbaum S, Schulz C. Update S2k-Guideline Helicobacter pylori and gastroduodenal ulcer disease of the German Society of Gastroenterology, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2024; 62:261-321. [PMID: 38364851 DOI: 10.1055/a-2181-2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Bornschein
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit John, John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jörg C Hoffmann
- Medizinische Klinik I, St. Marien- und St. Annastiftskrankenhaus, Ludwigshafen, Deutschland
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Kinderklinik und Kinderpoliklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, LMU-Klinikum Munich, Munich, Deutschland
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Alexander Link
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Deutschland
| | - Lukas Macke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II Campus Großhadern, Universitätsklinikum Munich, Munich, Deutschland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Munich, Munich, Deutschland
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Deutschland
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II Campus Großhadern, Universitätsklinikum Munich, Munich, Deutschland
| | - Kerstin Schütte
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Gastroenterologie, Niels-Stensen-Kliniken Marienhospital Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Deutschland
| | - Dieter-Michael Selgrad
- Medizinische Klinik Gastroenterologie und Onkologie, Klinikum Fürstenfeldbruck, Fürstenfeldbruck, Deutschland
- Klinik für Innere Medizin 1, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Suerbaum
- Universität Munich, Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Munich, Deutschland
- Nationales Referenzzentrum Helicobacter pylori, Pettenkoferstr. 9a, 80336 Munich, Deutschland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Munich, Munich, Deutschland
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II Campus Großhadern, Universitätsklinikum Munich, Munich, Deutschland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Munich, Munich, Deutschland
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4
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Chai Y, Huang Z, Shen X, Lin T, Zhang Y, Feng X, Mao Q, Liang Y. Microbiota Regulates Pancreatic Cancer Carcinogenesis through Altered Immune Response. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1240. [PMID: 37317214 PMCID: PMC10221276 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota is present in many parts of the human body and plays essential roles. The most typical case is the occurrence and development of cancer. Pancreatic cancer (PC), one of the most aggressive and lethal types of cancer, has recently attracted the attention of researchers. Recent research has revealed that the microbiota regulates PC carcinogenesis via an altered immune response. Specifically, the microbiota, in several sites, including the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreatic tissue, along with the numerous small molecules and metabolites it produces, influences cancer progression and treatment by activating oncogenic signaling, enhancing oncogenic metabolic pathways, altering cancer cell proliferation, and triggering chronic inflammation that suppresses tumor immunity. Diagnostics and treatments based on or in combination with the microbiota offer novel insights to improve efficiency compared with existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Chai
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Zhengze Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xuqiu Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Tianyu Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Qijiang Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Zhejiang Province Medical Research Center of Minimally Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment of Abdominal Diseases, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Yuelong Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Zhejiang Province Medical Research Center of Minimally Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment of Abdominal Diseases, Hangzhou 310028, China
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5
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Aktualisierte S2k-Leitlinie Helicobacter
pylori und gastroduodenale Ulkuskrankheit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) – Juli 2022 – AWMF-Registernummer: 021–001. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2023; 61:544-606. [PMID: 37146633 DOI: 10.1055/a-1975-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
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6
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Ngwenya S, Simin J, Brusselaers N. Maintenance Proton Pump Inhibitor Use Associated with Increased All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Sweden. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:2252-2263. [PMID: 36629968 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-07820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use has increased over the last decades and has been associated with multiple adverse events and potentially even overall survival. AIMS We aimed to investigate the association between proton pump inhibitor maintenance use and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, addressing confounding by indication and duration of use. METHODS This Swedish population-based cohort study included all adult (N = 935,236) PPI and histamine-2 receptor antagonist maintenance users (≥ 180 days use) during 2005-2014. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for all-cause and cause-specific mortality comparing the risk among PPI/H2RA users to that of the Swedish background population, stratified by age, sex, calendar period, indication and duration of use. Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to compare PPI use to H2RA use, expressed as incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS PPI and histamine-2 receptor antagonist use were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (SMR = 1.35; 1.34-1.36; SMR = 1.31; 1.27-1.36, respectively). The highest SMRs were found in the youngest age groups. In direct comparison, PPI use showed a higher mortality risk than histamine-2 receptor antagonist use (incidence rate ratios = 1.42; 1.38-1.46). PPIs were related to increased cancer (SMR = 1.21; 1.20-1.22), and cardiovascular mortality (SMR = 1.36; 1.35-1.37). Increased SMRs were observed for most indications. Longer duration of use was associated with a higher mortality among PPI users but not among histamine-2 receptor antagonist users. CONCLUSION Maintenance PPI use was associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and the risk increased with prolonged duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Ngwenya
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum A8, Solnavägen 9, 171 65, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johanna Simin
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum A8, Solnavägen 9, 171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nele Brusselaers
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum A8, Solnavägen 9, 171 65, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium. .,Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Solnavägen 9, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
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7
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Zhou BG, Mei YZ, Wang JS, Xia JL, Jiang X, Ju SY, Ding YB. Is Helicobacter pylori infection associated with pancreatic cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2023; 14:20406223231155119. [PMID: 36890981 PMCID: PMC9986679 DOI: 10.1177/20406223231155119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Recent observational studies have investigated the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and pancreatic cancer with conflicting data. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the potential association. Design This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) from inception to 30 August 2022. The summary results as odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled by generic inverse variance method based on random-effects model. Results A total of 20 observational studies involving 67,718 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of data from 12 case-control studies and 5 nested case-control studies showed that there was no significant association between H. pylori infection and the risk of pancreatic cancer (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.95-1.51, p = 0.13). Similarly, we also did not find significant association between cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) positive strains, CagA negative strains, vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (VacA) positive strains H. pylori infection, and the risk of pancreatic cancer. Meta-analysis of data from three cohort studies showed that H. pylori infection was not significantly associated with an increased risk of incident pancreatic cancer (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.65-2.42, p = 0.50). Conclusion We found insufficient evidence to support the proposed association between H. pylori infection and increased risk of pancreatic cancer. To better understand any association, future evidence from large, well-designed, high-quality prospective cohort studies that accounts for diverse ethnic populations, certain H. pylori strains, and confounding factors would be useful to settle this controversy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Gang Zhou
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Jing-Shu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Jian-Lei Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Yong Ju
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan-Bing Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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8
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Narii N, Sobue T, Zha L, Kitamura T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Yamaji T, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Effectiveness of endoscopic screening for gastric cancer: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3922-3931. [PMID: 36002149 PMCID: PMC9633299 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for gastric cancer screening has been implemented in Japan. However, its effectiveness for gastric cancer prevention has not been fully studied. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of endoscopic screening to reduce mortality from gastric cancer. In a large prospective population‐based cohort study including 80,272 participants, we compared the risk of mortality and incidence of gastric cancer among participants who underwent endoscopic or radiographic screening compared with those who did not undergo any screening using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. In the 1,023,364 person‐year observation period (median; 13.0 years), 1977 cases of gastric cancer were diagnosed, and 783 patients with gastric cancer died. In the endoscopic screening group, the mortality from gastric cancer and incidence of advanced gastric cancer were reduced by 61% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.39 [95% CI: 0.30–0.51]) and 22% (HR = 0.78 [95% CI: 0.67–0.90]), respectively. The radiographic screening reduced the mortality from gastric cancer (HR = 0.63 [95% CI: 0.54–0.73]), but its effectiveness was lower than that of endoscopic screening. In conclusion, endoscopic screening reduced the incidence of advanced gastric cancer and mortality from gastric cancer in the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Narii
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Sobue
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ling Zha
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Cohort research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Cohort research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan.,National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Lei C, Gong D, Zhuang B, Zhang Z. Alterations in the gastric microbiota and metabolites in gastric cancer: An update review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:960281. [PMID: 36081564 PMCID: PMC9445122 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.960281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Numerous studies have shown that the gastric microbiota can contribute to the occurrence and development of GC by generating harmful microbial metabolites, suggesting the possibility of discovering biomarkers. Metabolomics has emerged as an advanced promising analytical method for the analysis of microbiota-derived metabolites, which have greatly accelerated our understanding of host-microbiota metabolic interactions in GC. In this review, we briefly compiled recent research progress on the changes of gastric microbiota and its metabolites associated with GC. And we further explored the application of metabolomics and gastric microbiome association analysis in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of GC.
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10
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Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, Rokkas T, Gisbert JP, Liou JM, Schulz C, Gasbarrini A, Hunt RH, Leja M, O'Morain C, Rugge M, Suerbaum S, Tilg H, Sugano K, El-Omar EM. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht VI/Florence consensus report. Gut 2022; 71:gutjnl-2022-327745. [PMID: 35944925 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 171.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pyloriInfection is formally recognised as an infectious disease, an entity that is now included in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision. This in principle leads to the recommendation that all infected patients should receive treatment. In the context of the wide clinical spectrum associated with Helicobacter pylori gastritis, specific issues persist and require regular updates for optimised management.The identification of distinct clinical scenarios, proper testing and adoption of effective strategies for prevention of gastric cancer and other complications are addressed. H. pylori treatment is challenged by the continuously rising antibiotic resistance and demands for susceptibility testing with consideration of novel molecular technologies and careful selection of first line and rescue therapies. The role of H. pylori and antibiotic therapies and their impact on the gut microbiota are also considered.Progress made in the management of H. pylori infection is covered in the present sixth edition of the Maastricht/Florence 2021 Consensus Report, key aspects related to the clinical role of H. pylori infection were re-evaluated and updated. Forty-one experts from 29 countries representing a global community, examined the new data related to H. pylori infection in five working groups: (1) indications/associations, (2) diagnosis, (3) treatment, (4) prevention/gastric cancer and (5) H. pylori and the gut microbiota. The results of the individual working groups were presented for a final consensus voting that included all participants. Recommendations are provided on the basis of the best available evidence and relevance to the management of H. pylori infection in various clinical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Malfertheiner
- Medical Department 2, LMU, Munchen, Germany
- Department of Radiology, LMU, Munchen, Germany
| | - Francis Megraud
- INSERM U853 UMR BaRITOn, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Theodore Rokkas
- Gastroenterology, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece
- Medical School, European University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jyh-Ming Liou
- Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medical Department 2, LMU, Munchen, Germany
- Partner Site Munich, DZIF, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Roma, Italy
| | - Richard H Hunt
- Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcis Leja
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Colm O'Morain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Tumor Registry (RTV), Padova, Italy
| | - Sebastian Suerbaum
- Partner Site Munich, DZIF, Braunschweig, Germany
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, LMU, Munchen, Germany
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medizinische Universitat Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kentaro Sugano
- Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Emad M El-Omar
- Department of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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11
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HECTD3 promotes gastric cancer progression by mediating the polyubiquitination of c-MYC. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:185. [PMID: 35397617 PMCID: PMC8994759 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase HECTD3 is homologous with the E6 related protein carboxyl terminus, which plays a vital role in biological modification, including immunoreactivity, drug resistance and apoptosis. Current research indicates that HECTD3 promotes the malignant proliferation of multiple tumors and increases drug tolerance. Our study primarily explored the important function and effects of HECTD3 in gastric cancer. Here, we discovered that HECTD3 is abnormally activated in gastric cancer, and the clinical prognosis database suggested that HECTD3 was strongly expressed in gastric cancer. Depletion of HECTD3 restrained the proliferative and clone abilities of cells and induced the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Mechanistically, our findings revealed that interaction between HECTD3 and c-MYC, and that the DOC domain of HECTD3 interacted with the CP and bHLHZ domains of c-MYC. Furthermore, we discovered that HECTD3 mediates K29-linked polyubiquitination of c-MYC. Then, our research indicated that cysteine mutation at amino acid 823 (ubiquitinase active site) of HECTD3 reduces the polyubiquitination of c-MYC. Our experimental results reveal that HECTD3 facilitates the malignant proliferation of gastric cancer by mediating K29 site-linked polyubiquitination of c-MYC. HECTD3 might become a curative marker.
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12
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Tsang SH, Avilés-Santa ML, Abnet CC, Brito MO, Daviglus ML, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Castañeda SF, Minnerath S, Talavera GA, Graubard BI, Thyagarajan B, Camargo MC. Seroprevalence and Determinants of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 20:e438-e451. [PMID: 33667677 PMCID: PMC8410907 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Helicobacter pylori infection is the primary known risk factor for gastric cancer. Despite the global decline in H. pylori prevalence, this infection remains a major public health concern in developing areas, including Latin America. Our study aimed to determine H. pylori seroprevalence and identified its determinants among Hispanics/Latinos living in the United States (U.S.). METHODS The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) is a population-based sample of self-identified Hispanics/Latinos (n = 16,144) in four U.S. communities, aged 18 to 74 years, recruited from randomly selected households using a stratified two-stage area probability sample design based on sampling households within sampled census block groups weighted for differential response rates. Anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibodies were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using plasma samples. We calculated adjusted seroprevalence (i.e., predicted margins) from multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS The overall weighted H. pylori seroprevalence was 57% among HCHS/SOL participants, with 38% and 62% seropositivity among U.S.-born and non-U.S.-born individuals, respectively. Age-adjusted prevalence varied by self-reported Hispanic/Latino background, ranging from 47% in Puerto Rican to 72% in Central American backgrounds. Adjusted H. pylori seroprevalence was higher in the following groups: older age, male sex, lower education, non-U.S. born status, smoking, greater number of missing teeth, fewer doctor visits, lower ferritin level, and hepatitis A seropositivity. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori seroprevalence in Hispanics/Latinos remains high and differed significantly by Hispanic/Latino background. H. pylori seropositivity is strongly associated with poor socioeconomic conditions. These findings highlight the ongoing importance of this bacterial infection in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina H Tsang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
| | - M Larissa Avilés-Santa
- Division on Clinical and Health Services Research, National Institute on Health and Health Disparities, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Maximo O Brito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Sheila F Castañeda
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Sharon Minnerath
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Barry I Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
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13
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Ecovoiu AA, Ratiu AC, Micheu MM, Chifiriuc MC. Inter-Species Rescue of Mutant Phenotype—The Standard for Genetic Analysis of Human Genetic Disorders in Drosophila melanogaster Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052613. [PMID: 35269756 PMCID: PMC8909942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster (the fruit fly) is arguably a superstar of genetics, an astonishing versatile experimental model which fueled no less than six Nobel prizes in medicine. Nowadays, an evolving research endeavor is to simulate and investigate human genetic diseases in the powerful D. melanogaster platform. Such a translational experimental strategy is expected to allow scientists not only to understand the molecular mechanisms of the respective disorders but also to alleviate or even cure them. In this regard, functional gene orthology should be initially confirmed in vivo by transferring human or vertebrate orthologous transgenes in specific mutant backgrounds of D. melanogaster. If such a transgene rescues, at least partially, the mutant phenotype, then it qualifies as a strong candidate for modeling the respective genetic disorder in the fruit fly. Herein, we review various examples of inter-species rescue of relevant mutant phenotypes of the fruit fly and discuss how these results recommend several human genes as candidates to study and validate genetic variants associated with human diseases. We also consider that a wider implementation of this evolutionist exploratory approach as a standard for the medicine of genetic disorders would allow this particular field of human health to advance at a faster pace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Al. Ecovoiu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Attila Cristian Ratiu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-722250366
| | - Miruna Mihaela Micheu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest and Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
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14
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Salmanroghani H, Rouzegari MH, Salmanroghani R. Helicobacter Pylori infection among Iranian patients with normal upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022; 13:398-404. [PMID: 35919645 PMCID: PMC9301221 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.13.2.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori infection can be a risk factor for non-cardia gastric cancer. In the present study, we aimed to assess the rate of Helicobacter pylori infection, its virulence factor and precancerous lesion among over 50 years old, dyspeptic patients with normal endoscopy. Methods A total of 620 patients over 50 years of age with dyspepsia that referred to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran from December 2018 to January 2019 were evaluated. One hundred fifty patients with normal appearance endoscopy were selected, and six gastric biopsy specimens were taken from each subject. Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression tests. Results A total of 150 patients with mean age of 65.8±11.9 years old participated in this study. Sixty-three (42%) patients were males. Thirty-four (22.6%) patients had precancerous lesions. Ninety (60%) patients had positive PCR results for H. pylori. H. pylori infection test was positive in 24 (70.6%) patients with precancerous lesion. Sixty-six (57%) patients without the precancerous lesions (116 cases) were positive for H. pylori. Conclusion There was no a significant difference in the rate of H. pylori infection and its genotype distribution was between patients with and without the precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Salmanroghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Rouzegari
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Correspondence: Mohammad Hassan Rouzegari, Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: , Tel: 0098 21 6947985, Fax: 0098 21 8799840
| | - Roham Salmanroghani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Sung CE, Lin FG, Huang RY, Fang WH, Cheng WC, Tsai YWC, Chen WL. Periodontitis, Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastrointestinal tract cancer mortality. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 49:210-220. [PMID: 34961943 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Periodontitis has been proposed to lead to Helicobacter pylori infection, which could cause many gastrointestinal tract cancers. This study aimed to determine the association or otherwise between periodontitis and survival outcomes in individuals with respect to H. pylori infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population comprised 4955 subjects aged 20-90 who had received both periodontal examination and H. pylori serum test in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) database. Logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between periodontitis and H. pylori seropositivity (H. pylori infection). Survival analysis was performed using the NHANES III linked to mortality data. Cox proportional hazard regression was carried out to investigate the association between periodontitis and gastrointestinal tract cancer mortality in individuals with/without H. pylori infection. RESULTS Compared to periodontal health, periodontitis was significantly associated with increased odds of H. pylori infection (OR = 1.271, 95% CI = 1.177-1.372). Periodontitis significantly increased the mortality risk from all causes (HR = 1.574, 95% CI = 1.327-1.866) and all cancers (HR = 1.948, 95% CI = 1.701-2.232), including gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer (HR = 4.140, 95% CI = 3.656-4.687), gastric cancer (HR = 4.288, 95% CI = 3.969-4.632), and colorectal cancer (HR = 4.814, 95% CI = 3.849-6.020) in subjects with H. pylori infection after adjusting for health-related factors. Periodontitis was significantly related to the decreased survival time in subjects with GI tract (p = .001) or colorectal cancer (p = .002) and H. pylori infection. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that periodontitis was significantly associated with higher mortality risk of GI tract, gastric, and colorectal cancer in subjects with H. pylori infection. Owing to an interactive effect between periodontitis and H. pylori infection on cancer mortality, H. pylori infection has a significant moderating effect in regulating the association between periodontitis and mortality due to all cancers, including GI tract cancer and colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-En Sung
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Fu-Gong Lin
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Optometry, University of Kang Ning, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ren-Yeong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Fang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Chien Cheng
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wen Cathy Tsai
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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16
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Rustgi SD, Oh A, Hur C. Testing and Treating Helicobacter pylori Infection in Individuals With Family History of Gastric Cancer is Cost-effective. Gastroenterology 2021; 161:2051-2052.e4. [PMID: 34461053 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila D Rustgi
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physician and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Aaron Oh
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Chin Hur
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physician and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Healthcare Innovations Research and Evaluation, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
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17
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Yang F, Zhang J, Wang S, Sun Z, Zhou J, Li F, Liu Y, Ding L, Liu Y, Chi W, Liu T, He Y, Xiang P, Bao Z, Olszewski MA, Zhao H, Zhang Y. Genomic population structure of Helicobacter pylori Shanghai isolates and identification of genomic features uniquely linked with pathogenicity. Virulence 2021; 12:1258-1270. [PMID: 33904371 PMCID: PMC8081043 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1920762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe Helicobacter pylori-linked gastric disorders are especially prevalent in the East Asia region. The ability of H. pylori to cause different clinical outcomes is thought to be associated with unique sets of its genetic features. However, only few genetic features have been definitively linked to specific gastrointestinal pathologies. Genome heterogeneity of clinical H. pylori strains from patients with four different gastric disorders was studied to explore the population structure and molecular genomic features and their association with pathogenicity. Population analysis showed that 92.9% of the Shanghai H. pylori isolates were clustered in the East Asia group. Among 2,866 genes detected in all genomes, 1,146 genes formed the core genome, whereas 209 unique genes were detected in individual disease groups. The unique genes of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer groups represented the inorganic ion transport and metabolism function gene clusters. Sixteen virulence genes were detected with statistically different detection rates among the four disease groups. Furthermore, 127 clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats were found with significantly different rates in the four disease groups. A total of 337 putative genomic islands were identified, and three genomic islands were individually found in more than 10% of strains. The genomic islands included several metabolism-associated genes and many genes with unknown function. In total, 88 sequence types were detected among the 112 Shanghai H. pylori isolates. Our study provides an essential milestone in the mapping of specific genomic features and their functions to identify factors needed to induce specific gastric disorders in H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinghao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoyang Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Endoscopy, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Chi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqun He
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, And Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Ping Xiang
- Department of Endoscopy, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gerontology Institute of Shanghai, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Michal A. Olszewski
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan and Research Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Dai D, Yang Y, Yu J, Dang T, Qin W, Teng L, Ye J, Jiang H. Interactions between gastric microbiota and metabolites in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1104. [PMID: 34819503 PMCID: PMC8613192 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development and progression of gastric cancer (GC) is greatly influenced by gastric microbiota and their metabolites. Here, we characterized the gastric microbiome and metabolome profiles of 37 GC tumor tissues and matched non-tumor tissues using 16s rRNA gene sequencing and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Microbial diversity and richness were higher in GC tumor tissues than in non-tumor tissues. The abundance of Helicobacter was increased in non-tumor tissues, while the abundance of Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, and 6 additional genera was increased in the tumor tissues. The untargeted metabolome analysis revealed 150 discriminative metabolites, among which the relative abundance of the amino acids, carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates, glycerophospholipids, and nucleosides was higher in tumor tissues compared to non-tumor tissues. The targeted metabolome analysis further demonstrated that the combination of 1-methylnicotinamide and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-phosphate could serve as a robust biomarker for distinction between GC tumors and non-tumor tissues. Correlation analysis revealed that Helicobacter and Lactobacillus were negatively and positively correlated with the majority of differential metabolites in the classes of amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleosides, nucleotides, and glycerophospholipids, respectively, suggesting that Helicobacter and Lactobacillus might play a role in degradation and synthesis of the majority of differential metabolites in these classes, respectively. Acinetobacter, Comamonas, Faecalibacterium, Sphingomonas, and Streptococcus were also significantly correlated with many differential amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleosides, nucleotides, and glycerophospholipids. In conclusion, the differences in metabolome profiles between GC tumor and matched non-tumor tissues may be partly due to the collective activities of Helicobacter, Lactobacillus, and other bacteria, which eventually affects GC carcinogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daofeng Dai
- Jiangxi Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jieqing Yu
- Jiangxi Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianfeng Dang
- Jiangxi Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenjing Qin
- Human Genetic Resources Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lisong Teng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Jiangxi Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Hongqun Jiang
- Jiangxi Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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19
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Helicobacter pylori Infection and Extragastric Diseases-A Focus on the Central Nervous System. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092191. [PMID: 34571840 PMCID: PMC8469861 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is most known to cause a wide spectrum of gastrointestinal impairments; however, an increasing number of studies indicates that H. pylori infection might be involved in numerous extragastric diseases such as neurological, dermatological, hematologic, ocular, cardiovascular, metabolic, hepatobiliary, or even allergic diseases. In this review, we focused on the nervous system and aimed to summarize the findings regarding H. pylori infection and its involvement in the induction/progression of neurological disorders. Neurological impairments induced by H. pylori infection are primarily due to impairments in the gut-brain axis (GBA) and to an altered gut microbiota facilitated by H. pylori colonization. Currently, regarding a potential relationship between Helicobacter infection and neurological disorders, most of the studies are mainly focused on H. pylori.
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20
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Miller AK, Williams SM. Helicobacter pylori infection causes both protective and deleterious effects in human health and disease. Genes Immun 2021; 22:218-226. [PMID: 34244666 PMCID: PMC8390445 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-021-00146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is necessary but not sufficient for the development of gastric cancer, the third leading cause of cancer death globally. H. pylori infection affects over half of people globally; however, it does not affect populations uniformly. H. pylori infection rates are declining in western industrialized countries but are plateauing in developing and newly industrialized countries where gastric cancer is most prevalent. Despite H. pylori infection being the primary causative agent for gastric cancer, H. pylori infection can also cause other effects, detrimental or beneficial, throughout an individual's life, with the beneficial effects often being seen in childhood and the deleterious effects in adulthood. H. pylori is an ancient bacterium and its likelihood of affecting disease or health is dependent on both human and bacterial genetics that have co-evolved over millennia. In this review, we focus on the impact of infection and its genetic bases in different populations and diseases throughout an individual's lifespan, highlighting the benefits of individualized treatment and argue that universal eradication of H. pylori in its host may cause more harm than good for those infected with H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Miller
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Scott M Williams
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
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21
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Gravina AG, Priadko K, Ciamarra P, Granata L, Facchiano A, Miranda A, Dallio M, Federico A, Romano M. Extra-Gastric Manifestations of Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9123887. [PMID: 33265933 PMCID: PMC7761397 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative flagellated microorganism that has been extensively studied since its first isolation due to its widespread diffusion and association with numerous diseases. While the bacterium is proved to be a causative factor for a number of gastric diseases such as gastritis, gastric adenocarcinoma, and MALT-lymphoma, its role at other gastrointestinal levels and in other systems is being thoroughly studied. In this article, we reviewed the latest published clinical and laboratory studies that investigated associations of H. pylori with hematologic diseases such as Vitamin B12- and iron-deficiency anemia, primary immune thrombocytopenia, and with a number of dermatologic and ophthalmic diseases. In addition, the putative role of the bacterium in inflammatory bowel diseases, esophageal disorders, metabolic, diseases, neurologic diseases and allergy were outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marco Romano
- Correspondence: (A.G.G.); (M.R.); Tel.: +39-3382465767 (A.G.G.)
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Zeeb M, Kerrinnes T, Cicin-Sain L, Guzman CA, Puppe W, Schulz TF, Peters A, Berger K, Castell S, Karch A. Seropositivity for pathogens associated with chronic infections is a risk factor for all-cause mortality in the elderly: findings from the Memory and Morbidity in Augsburg Elderly (MEMO) Study. GeroScience 2020; 42:1365-1376. [PMID: 32648237 PMCID: PMC7525922 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunostimulation by chronic infection has been linked to an increased risk for different non-communicable diseases, which in turn are leading causes of death in high- and middle-income countries. Thus, we investigated if a positive serostatus for pathogens responsible for common chronic infections is individually or synergistically related to reduced overall survival in community dwelling elderly. We used data of 365 individuals from the German MEMO (Memory and Morbidity in Augsburg Elderly) cohort study with a median age of 73 years at baseline and a median follow-up of 14 years. We examined the effect of a positive serostatus at baseline for selected pathogens associated with chronic infections (Helicobacter pylori, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus 1/2, and human herpesvirus 6) on all-cause mortality with multivariable parametric survival models. We found a reduced survival time in individuals with a positive serostatus for Helicobacter pylori (accelerated failure time (AFT) - 15.92, 95% CI - 29.96; - 1.88), cytomegalovirus (AFT - 22.81, 95% CI - 36.41; - 9.22) and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (AFT - 25.25, 95% CI - 43.40; - 7.10), after adjusting for potential confounders. The number of infectious agents an individual was seropositive for had a linear effect on all-cause mortality (AFT per additional infection - 12.42 95% CI - 18.55; - 6.30). Our results suggest an effect of seropositivity for Helicobacter pylori, cytomegalovirus, and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato on all-cause mortality in older community dwelling individuals. Further research with larger cohorts and additional biomarkers is required, to assess mediators and molecular pathways of this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Zeeb
- Institute for Medical Information Science, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
- Department for Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Tobias Kerrinnes
- Department for Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Luka Cicin-Sain
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CIIM), a joint venture of HZI and MHH, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover-Braunschweig site, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carlos A Guzman
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wolfram Puppe
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover-Braunschweig site, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Virology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas F Schulz
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover-Braunschweig site, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Virology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute for Medical Information Science, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Castell
- Department for Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - André Karch
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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23
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Yang K, Zhang L, Liao P, Xiao Z, Zhang F, Sindaye D, Xin Z, Tan C, Deng J, Yin Y, Deng B. Impact of Gallic Acid on Gut Health: Focus on the Gut Microbiome, Immune Response, and Mechanisms of Action. Front Immunol 2020; 11:580208. [PMID: 33042163 PMCID: PMC7525003 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.580208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) is a naturally occurring polyphenol compound present in fruits, vegetables, and herbal medicines. According to previous studies, GA has many biological properties, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. GA and its derivatives have multiple industrial uses, such as food supplements or additives. Additionally, recent studies have shown that GA and its derivatives not only enhance gut microbiome (GM) activities, but also modulate immune responses. Thus, GA has great potential to facilitate natural defense against microbial infections and modulate the immune response. However, the exact mechanisms of GA acts on the GM and immune system remain unclear. In this review, first the physicochemical properties, bioavailability, absorption, and metabolism of GA are introduced, and then we summarize recent findings concerning its roles in gastrointestinal health. Furthermore, the present review attempts to explain how GA influences the GM and modulates the immune response to maintain intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limeng Zhang
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinfeng Liao
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaili Xiao
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daniel Sindaye
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongquan Xin
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengquan Tan
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Deng
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Baichuan Deng
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
Gastric cancer represents one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the strongest risk factor associated with gastric cancer. Due to new molecular techniques allowing greater identification of stomach microbes, investigators are beginning to examine the role that bacteria other than H. pylori play in gastric cancer development. Recently, researchers have investigated how the composition of the gastric microbiota varies among individuals with various stages of gastric disease. Specific microbes residing in the stomach have been preferentially associated with gastric cancer patients compared to individuals with a healthy gastric mucosa. Studies conducted on the insulin-gastrin (INS-GAS) transgenic mouse model have provided additional insight into the association between the gastric microbiota and gastric cancer. The purpose of this article is to review the current state of literature on the relationship between the gastric microbiota and gastric cancer based on clinical studies performed to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fen Wu
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA,Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA,Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA,CONTACT Yu Chen Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 180 Madison Ave., Room 514, New York, NY10016, USA
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25
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Tucker RM, Augustin AD, Hayee BH, Bjarnason I, Taylor D, Weller C, Charlett A, Dobbs SM, Dobbs RJ. Role of Helicobacters in Neuropsychiatric Disease: A Systematic Review in Idiopathic Parkinsonism. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072159. [PMID: 32650535 PMCID: PMC7408992 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in an aetiopathogenic role for Helicobacter in neuropsychiatric diseases started with idiopathic parkinsonism (IP), where the cardinal signs can be assessed objectively. This systematic review, using an EMBASE database search, addresses Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine based questions on the inter-relationship of Helicobacter and IP, the benefits of eradicating Helicobacter in IP and the outcome of not treating. The search strategy was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines: 21 of 204 articles met the inclusion criteria. The results show that the assumption that any benefit of Helicobacter eradication results from improved levodopa bioavailability is unjustified. The inter-relationship between Helicobacter and IP is well-established. H. pylori virulence markers (associated with autoimmunity and immune tolerance) influence the risk, severity and progression of IP. The birth cohort effect for virulence marker antibodies, seen in controls, is obliterated in IP, suggesting causality. Successful H. pylori eradication in IP is disease-modifying (even in anti-parkinsonian treatment-naïve patients) but not preventive. Hypokinesia regresses with eradication and overall motor severity lessens. Eradication may influence gastrointestinal microbiota adversely, unlocking the next stage in the natural history, the development of rigidity. Failed eradication worsens hypokinesia, as does the presence/persistence of H. pylori at molecular level only. Adequate prognostic assessment of the consequences of not treating Helicobacter, for IP, is prevented by a short follow-up. We conclude that Helicobacter is a pathophysiological driver of IP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind M. Tucker
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College, London SE1 9NH, UK; (R.M.T.); (A.D.A.); (D.T.); (C.W.); (A.C.); (R.J.D.)
- The Maudsley Hospital, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Aisha D. Augustin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College, London SE1 9NH, UK; (R.M.T.); (A.D.A.); (D.T.); (C.W.); (A.C.); (R.J.D.)
- The Maudsley Hospital, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Bu’ Hussain Hayee
- Gastroenterology, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK; (B.H.H.); (I.B.)
| | - Ingvar Bjarnason
- Gastroenterology, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK; (B.H.H.); (I.B.)
| | - David Taylor
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College, London SE1 9NH, UK; (R.M.T.); (A.D.A.); (D.T.); (C.W.); (A.C.); (R.J.D.)
- The Maudsley Hospital, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Clive Weller
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College, London SE1 9NH, UK; (R.M.T.); (A.D.A.); (D.T.); (C.W.); (A.C.); (R.J.D.)
| | - André Charlett
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College, London SE1 9NH, UK; (R.M.T.); (A.D.A.); (D.T.); (C.W.); (A.C.); (R.J.D.)
- Statistics, Modelling and Economics, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Sylvia M Dobbs
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College, London SE1 9NH, UK; (R.M.T.); (A.D.A.); (D.T.); (C.W.); (A.C.); (R.J.D.)
- The Maudsley Hospital, London SE5 8AZ, UK
- Gastroenterology, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK; (B.H.H.); (I.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - R John Dobbs
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College, London SE1 9NH, UK; (R.M.T.); (A.D.A.); (D.T.); (C.W.); (A.C.); (R.J.D.)
- The Maudsley Hospital, London SE5 8AZ, UK
- Gastroenterology, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK; (B.H.H.); (I.B.)
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Uno Y. Risk Factors and Incidence of Gastric Cancer after Eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:404-405. [PMID: 32234299 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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27
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Marsilio I, Maddalo G, Ghisa M, Savarino EV, Farinati F, Zingone F. The coeliac stomach: A review of the literature. Dig Liver Dis 2020; 52:615-624. [PMID: 32295740 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Beyond the small intestine, coeliac disease (CeD) may affect other gastrointestinal tracts, including the stomach. However, various studies have reported conflicting results regarding the association between CeD and gastric manifestations. The aim of this study was to analyze the existing literature on gastric involvement in CeD. A literature search was conducted in bibliographic databases of Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies reporting the association between CeD and gastric disorders were examined in detail and are fully described in the review. Both in children and adults, a strong correlation between lymphocytic gastritis and CeD was found at CeD diagnosis, and lymphocytic gastritis seemed to improve on a gluten-free diet. Most of the literature described a lower risk of gastritis related to Helicobacter pylori infection in CeD subjects compared to controls. However, due to the discordance among studies in terms of study design and population, a clear association could not be determined. Finally, the relationship between CeD and reflux or dyspepsia has yet to be defined, as well as the association between CeD and autoimmune gastritis. CeD appears to be a multiform entity associated with different gastric disorders with a different degree of relationship. Thus, gastric biopsies should be routinely taken during upper endoscopy in CeD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marsilio
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Padua, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Gemma Maddalo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Padua, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Matteo Ghisa
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Padua, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Padua, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Padua, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Fabiana Zingone
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Padua, Padua 35128, Italy.
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Doheim MF, Altaweel AA, Elgendy MG, Elshanbary AA, Dibas M, Ali AAHA, Dahy TM, Sharaf AK, Hassan AE. Association between Helicobacter Pylori infection and stroke: a meta-analysis of 273,135 patients. J Neurol 2020; 268:3238-3248. [PMID: 32447554 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-020-09933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke stands among the most leading causes of mortality worldwide. Although modifiable risk factors for stroke have been identified, current risk factors do not sufficiently explain the risk in young patients. Previous studies have postulated an association between infection by Helicobacter pylori (HP) and stroke. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between HP infection and stroke by using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. METHODS Four electronic search engines/libraries were systematically searched for relevant observational studies. Studies were screened for eligibility and data were extracted. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were combined under the random-effect model. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019123689). RESULTS Among the included studies, 25 studies were analyzed for anti-HP IgG, 9 studies were for anti-Cag A, and 6 studies were for the C-urea breath test. The results showed that positive anti-HP IgG was significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke [OR (95% CI) = 1.43 (1.25-1.46)]. Similarly, both antiCag A and C-urea breath test were significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke with [OR (95% CI) = 1.77 (1.25-2.49)], and [OR (95% CI) = 2.21 (1.33-3.66)], respectively. Furthermore, our results indicated that positive anti-HP IgG was associated with stroke caused by atherothrombosis and small artery disease. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that HP infection is significantly associated with increased risk of stroke. However, more well-designed studies are required to investigate if early HP eradication might decrease the incidence of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mahmoud Dibas
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Ameer E Hassan
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Valley Baptist Medical Center, Harlingen, TX, USA.
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Xie SH, Chen H, Lagergren J. Causes of death in patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma in Sweden, 1970-2014: A population-based study. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2451-2459. [PMID: 32359209 PMCID: PMC7385360 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The causes of death in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma have not been well characterized. This nationwide population‐based cohort study included 56 240 patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma in 1970‐2014 in Sweden. We used competing‐risks regression to compare cause‐specific risks of death in patients with different characteristics and a multiple‐cause approach to assess proportions of deaths attributable to each cause. Among 53 049 deaths, gastric cancer was the main (77.7% of all deaths) underlying cause. Other major underlying causes were nongastric malignancies (8.0%), ischemic heart disease or cerebrovascular disease (6.5%), and respiratory diseases (1.4%). Risk of death from gastric cancer steadily decreased in patients with cardia adenocarcinoma over the study period, but remained relatively stable in patients with noncardia adenocarcinoma since the 1980s. Risk of death from other malignancies increased during later calendar periods (subhazard ratio [SHR] = 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.97‐2.38, comparing 2001‐2014 with 1970‐1980). Compared with men, the risk of death in women with cardia adenocarcinoma was higher from gastric cancer (SHR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.10‐1.27), but lower from other malignancies (SHR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.71‐0.91). In multiple‐cause models, 60.4%‐71.2% of all deaths were attributable to gastric cancer and 9.5%‐12.1% to other malignancies. The temporal trends of cause‐specific risks from multiple‐cause models were similar to those of underlying causes. Our findings suggest that although most deaths in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma are due to gastric cancer, other causes of death are common. Patients with cardia adenocarcinoma face considerable increasing risk of death from other causes over time, particularly from other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Xie
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Jesper Lagergren
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Xie Q, Zhang X, Peng S, Sun J, Chen X, Deng Y, Yi L. Identification of novel biomarkers in ischemic stroke: a genome-wide integrated analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:66. [PMID: 32228489 PMCID: PMC7106706 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-00994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic Stroke (IS) is the most common neurological emergency disease and has become the second most frequent cause of death after coronary artery disease in 2015. Owing to its high fatality rate and narrow therapeutic time window, early identification and prevention of potential stroke is becoming increasingly important. METHODS We used meta-analysis and bioinformatics mining to explore disease-related pathways and regulatory networks after combining messengerRNA (mRNA) and miRNA expression analyses. The purpose of our study was to screen for candidate target genes and microRNA(miRNA) for early diagnosis of potential stroke. RESULTS Five datasets were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database by systematical retrieval, which contained three mRNA datasets (102 peripheral blood samples in total) and two miRNA dataset (59 peripheral blood samples). Approximately 221 different expression(DE) mRNAs (155 upregulated and 66 downregulated mRNAs) and 185 DE miRNAs were obtained using the metaDE package and GEO2R tools. Further functional enrichments of DE-mRNA, DE-miRNA and protein-protein interaction (PPI) were performed and visualized using Cytoscape. CONCLUSION Our study identified six core mRNAs and two regulated miRNAs in the pathogenesis of stroke, and we elaborated the intrinsic role of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and atypical infections in stroke, which may aid in the development of precision medicine for treating ischemic stroke. However, the role of these novel biomarkers and the underlying molecular mechanisms in IS require further fundamental experiments and further clinical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Sijia Peng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuanfei Deng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases Shenzhen Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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32
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Muresan IAP, Pop LL, Dumitrascu DL. Lactobacillus reuteri versus triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in functional dyspepsia. Med Pharm Rep 2019; 92:352-355. [PMID: 31750434 PMCID: PMC6853040 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim The eradication of H. pylori infection using PPI associated with different combinations of two or three antibiotics entails high risks of side effects and non- adherence. Therefore probiotics have been proposed for H. pylori eradication.We tested the efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri plus Pantoprazole compared to a triple regimen based on Pantoprazole plus Amoxicillin plus Clarithromycin in patients with H. pylori infection and functional dyspepsia. Methods In a prospective design, 46 patients (M: 13, F: 33, mean age 48.80 ± 13.82 years) fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: age at least 18, documented informed consent, positive H. pylori finding by histology, no morphological changes of the gastric mucosa at upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and complaints of functional dyspepsia according to the Rome III criteria. Exclusion criteria were: presence of any other chronic organic diseases that required drug treatment, use of antibiotics, PPIs or H2 antagonists in the previous 3 months; pregnancy or lactation. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups (23 patients each group). One group received the standard therapy in our area: Pantoprazole 40 mg bid for 30 days associated with Amoxicillin 2×1000 mg/day and Clarithromycin 500 mg bid for 14 days. The other group received Pantoprazole 40 mg/day plus L. reuteri DSMZ 17648 twice a day for 8 weeks. Post-treatment eradication was tested by H. pylori antigen stool assay at 30 days after therapy. Results The group on L. reuteri plus Pantoprazole presented 65.22% eradication rate compared to 73.91% cure rate in the group that received the Pantoprazole and Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin therapy, with no statistically significant difference in eradication rate between the two groups (p=0.75). The total adherence was good and eradication of H. pylori was associated with improvement of dyspeptic symptoms for both eradication regimens. Conclusion L. reuteri is a good alternative for patients with chronic dyspepsia for the eradication of H. pylori infection. Its efficacy is similar to the triple therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Antonia Pop Muresan
- 2 Dept. of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucian Liviu Pop
- 2 Dept. of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan L Dumitrascu
- 2 Dept. of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Augustin AD, Savio A, Nevel A, Ellis RJ, Weller C, Taylor D, Tucker RM, Ibrahim MAA, Bjarnason I, Dobbs SM, Dobbs RJ, Charlett A. Helicobacter suis Is Associated With Mortality in Parkinson's Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:188. [PMID: 31555648 PMCID: PMC6724659 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Its eradication, in a randomized placebo-controlled trial, improved PD hypokinesia. Helicobacter species zoonosis might explain excess mortality from PD and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in livestock, but not arable, farmers. Indeed, Helicobacter is causally-associated with gastric lymphoma. We have previously shown that the relative-frequency, H. suis to H. pylori, was 10-times greater in 60 PD-patients than in 256 controls. We now go on to evaluate the pathological significance of H. suis, detected in gastric-biopsy DNA-extracts by ureA-based species-specific qPCR, validated by amplicon sequencing. The methodology had been cross-validated by a carR-based PCR. The pathological significance is put in context of H. pylori detection [urea-breath-test (UBT) with biopsy-culture, and, if negative, PCR], and the potential reservoir in pigs. Here, we explore, in these 60 PD-patients, associations of H. suis status with all-cause-mortality, and with orthostatic cardiovascular and blood profiling. H. suis had been detected in 19 of the 60 PD-patients on one or more occasion, only two (with co-existent H. pylori) being UBT positive. We found that the hazard-of-death (age-at-diagnosis- and gender-adjusted) was 12 (95% CI 1,103) times greater (likelihood-ratio test, P = 0.005) with H. suis-positivity (6/19) than with negativity (2/40: one lost to follow-up). UBT-values did not influence the hazard. H. suis-positivity was associated with lower standing mean-arterial-pressure [6 (1, 11) mmHg], H. pylori-positivity having no effect. The lower total lymphocyte count with H. pylori-positivity [-8 (-1, -14) %] was not seen with H. suis, where T-cell counts were higher [24 (2, 52) %]. Regarding the potential zoonotic reservoir in the UK, Helicobacter-like-organism frequency was determined in freshly-slaughtered pigs, nature ascertained by sequencing. Organisms immunostaining for Helicobacter, with corkscrew morphology typical of non-H. pylori Helicobacter, were seen in 47% of 111 pig-antra. We conclude that H. suis is associated with all-cause-mortality in PD and has a potential zoonotic reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha D. Augustin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Maudsley Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Savio
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Histopathology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Nevel
- Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Clive Weller
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Taylor
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Maudsley Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind M. Tucker
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Maudsley Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ingvar Bjarnason
- Gastroenterology, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvia M. Dobbs
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Maudsley Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Gastroenterology, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - R. John Dobbs
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Maudsley Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Gastroenterology, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - André Charlett
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Statistics, Modelling and Economics, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
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Helicobacter pylori in relation to asthma and allergy modified by abdominal obesity: The HUNT study in Norway. World Allergy Organ J 2019; 12:100035. [PMID: 31194177 PMCID: PMC6555905 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2019.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective It is unknown whether the decreasing prevalence of H. pylori infections is associated with the increase in obesity and asthma and allergy. In this study, we assessed if obesity plays an intermediate role between H. pylori infections and allergy. Design A population-based, nested case-control study of 10,005 participants within the second Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT2), Norway, was performed in 1995-1997. The presence of H. pylori was tested by an enzyme immunoassay Pyloriset EIA-IgG, and weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were used as measures of general and abdominal obesity, respectively. Self-reported asthma and allergic diseases were collected through questionnaires. The odds ratios of H. pylori relative to asthma and allergic diseases were estimated by logistic regression models stratified by waist circumference categories. Results H. pylori infection was present in 31%, ever asthma was reported in 10.4% and allergic rhinitis in 16.2%. The mean BMI was 26.4 kg/m2 and the mean waist circumference was 86.6 cm. H. pylori infection was neither associated with asthma nor allergic diseases. However, when stratified by waist circumference, H. pylori infection was associated with 30-40% reduced odds of asthma and 25% reduced odds of allergic diseases in individuals with abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥86 cm in women and ≥96 cm in men). Conclusion H. pylori infection is associated with reduced risk of asthma and allergy in individuals with abdominal obesity, suggesting a possible causal pathway from reduced H. pylori infections through obesity to increased risk of asthma and allergy.
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Melese A, Genet C, Zeleke B, Andualem T. Helicobacter pylori infections in Ethiopia; prevalence and associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:8. [PMID: 30630433 PMCID: PMC6327617 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0927-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infections are prevalent and recognized as major cause of gastrointestinal diseases in Ethiopia. However, Studies conducted on the prevalence, risk factors and other clinical forms of H.pylori on different population and geographical areas are reporting conflicting results. Therefore, this review was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of H.pylori infections and associated factors in Ethiopia. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Google scholar, and Ethiopian Universities' repositories were searched following the Preferred Items for Systematic review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale in meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistics based on the random effects model. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA 2.0) and Review Manager (RevMan 5.3) were employed to compute the pooled prevalence and summary odds ratios of factors associated with of H.pylori infection. RESULTS Thirty seven studies with a total of 18,890 participants were eligible and included in the analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of H.pylori infection was 52.2% (95% CI: 45.8-58.6). In the subgroup analysis by region, the highest prevalence was found in Somalia (71%; 95% CI: 32.5-92.6) and the lowest prevalence was reported in Oromia (39.9%; 95% CI: 17.3-67.7). Absence of hand washing after toilet (OR = 1.8, 95% CI; 1.19-2.72), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.34, 95% CI; 1.03-1.74) and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (OR = 2.23, 95% CI; 1.59-3.14) were associated with H.pylori infection. The trend of H.pylori infection showed a decreasing pattern overtime from 1990 to 2017 in the meta-regression analysis. CONCLUSION The prevalence of H.pylori infection remains high; more than half of Ethiopians were infected. Although the trend of infection showed a decreasing pattern; appropriate use of eradication therapy, health education primarily to improve knowledge and awareness on the transmission dynamics of the bacteria, behavioral changes, adequate sanitation, population screening and diagnosis using multiple tests are required to reduce H.pylori infections. Recognizing the bacteria as a priority issue and designing gastric cancer screening policies are also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addisu Melese
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Chalachew Genet
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Balew Zeleke
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Andualem
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debra Tabor, Ethiopia
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is the principal cause of peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Recent studies have shown that it may interfere with many biological processes and determine or influence the occurrence of many diseases outside the stomach. Currently, the role of H. pylori in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and iron deficiency anemia is well documented. Emerging evidence suggests that it may also contribute to vitamin B12 deficiency, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic liver disease. Additionally, it may increase the risk of acute coronary syndrome, cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease and other miscellaneous disorders. Different pathogenic mechanisms have been hypothesized, including the occurrence of molecular mimicry and the induction of a low-grade inflammation. This review summarizes the results of the most relevant studies on the extra-gastroduodenal manifestations of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Woei Tsay
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta Chung 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 813 Taiwan, Republic of China
- Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ping-I Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta Chung 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 813 Taiwan, Republic of China
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Gravina AG, Zagari RM, De Musis C, Romano L, Loguercio C, Romano M. Helicobacter pylori and extragastric diseases: A review. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3204-3221. [PMID: PMID: 30090002 PMCID: PMC6079286 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i29.3204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is very common and affects approximately half of the world population. It causes gastric diseases, but some authors have reported an association of H. pylori infection with other systemic manifestations beginning in 1994. The list of potential effects of H. pylori outside the stomach includes a number of extragastric manifestations and we focused on neurological, dermatological, hematologic, ocular, cardiovascular, metabolic, allergic, and hepatobiliary diseases. This review discusses these important reported manifestations that are not related to the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Gerarda Gravina
- Dipartimento di “Medicina di Precisione”, UOC Epatogastroenterologia, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Rocco Maurizio Zagari
- Dipertimento Di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Cristiana De Musis
- Dipartimento di “Medicina di Precisione”, UOC Epatogastroenterologia, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Romano
- Dipartimento di “Medicina di Precisione”, UOC Epatogastroenterologia, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Carmelina Loguercio
- Dipartimento di “Medicina di Precisione”, UOC Epatogastroenterologia, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Marco Romano
- Dipartimento di “Medicina di Precisione”, UOC Epatogastroenterologia, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli 80131, Italy
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Fischbach W, Malfertheiner P. Helicobacter Pylori Infection. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 115:429-436. [PMID: 29999489 PMCID: PMC6056709 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2018.0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a major pathogenic factor for gastroduodenal ulcer disease and gastric carcinoma, as well as for other types of gastric and extragastric disease. As a result of changing epidemiologic conditions (e.g., immigration), changing resistance patterns with therapeutic implications, and new knowledge relating to the indications for pathogen eradication, the medical management of H. pylori is a dynamic process in need of periodic reassessment. METHODS This review is based on pertinent publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed and the Cochrane Database, with particular attention to three international consensus reports and the updated German S2k guideline. RESULTS H. pylori is now dealt with as an infection, whether or not the infected individual has symptoms or suffers from and H.-pylori-induced illness. H.-pylori-associated dyspepsia and functional dyspepsia are distinct entities that can only be diagnosed when competing elements in the differential diagnosis have been ruled out. H. pylori can be detected with noninvasive methods (13C-urea breathing test, stool antigen detection) and with invasive methods (histology, culture, rapid urease test). An important consideration for treatment is that primary clarithromycin resistance is common in many groups of patients; in Germany, its prevalence is now 10.9%. Primary treatment can be with either standard triple therapy (clarithromycin and amoxicillin or metronidazole) or bismuth-containing quadruple therapy. Treatment for 10 to 14 days is more likely to eradicate the pathogen than treatment for 7 days. When H. pylori infection is initially diagnosed in a patient over age 50, gastritis risk stratification should be performed by means of endoscopic biopsy and histologic examination. CONCLUSION The new, clinically relevant developments that are presented and commented upon in this review now enable evidence-based management of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Fischbach
- Department II, Gastroenterology and Oncology, Klinikum Aschaffenburg – Alzenau GmbH, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Würzburg
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Clinic Magdeburg
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Kang SJ, Kim HJ, Kim D, Ahmed A. Association between cagA negative Helicobacter pylori status and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among adults in the United States. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202325. [PMID: 30110395 PMCID: PMC6093702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the relationship of H. pylori stratified by cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) status with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the general population of the United States (US). We utilized the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994 in this study. NAFLD was defined by ultrasonographic detection of hepatic steatosis in the absence of other known causes of liver diseases and significant alcohol consumption. Hepatic steatosis was assessed by parenchymal brightness, liver to kidney contrast, deep beam attenuation, bright vessel walls and gallbladder wall definition. Antibodies to H. pylori and cagA of participants were measured using H. pylori IgG and anti-cagA IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Among 5,404 participants, the prevalence of NAFLD was higher in H. pylori positive subjects (33.5±1.8%) compared to H. pylori negative subjects (26.1±1.7%, p <0.001). In terms of cagA protein status stratification, while cagA positive H. pylori group did not demonstrate an association with NAFLD (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.81-1.37), cagA negative H. pylori group was noted to have a significant association with NAFLD in a multivariable analysis (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.01-1.67). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that cagA negative H. pylori infection was an independent predictor of NAFLD in the US general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Joo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University, Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Kim
- Department of Clinical epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghee Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Aijaz Ahmed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
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Backert S, Blaser MJ. The Role of CagA in the Gastric Biology of Helicobacter pylori. Cancer Res 2017; 76:4028-31. [PMID: 27655809 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Backert
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin J Blaser
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Department of Veterans Affairs, NY Harbor Medical Center, New York, New York.
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Liu H, Chen YT, Wang R, Chen XZ. Helicobacter pylori infection, atrophic gastritis, and pancreatic cancer risk: A meta-analysis of prospective epidemiologic studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7811. [PMID: 28816977 PMCID: PMC5571714 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the associations of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and atrophic gastritis (AG) with pancreatic cancer risk. METHODS A literature search in PubMed was performed up to July 2017. Only prospective cohort and nested case-control studies enrolling cancer-free participants were eligible. Incident pancreatic cancer cases were ascertained during the follow-up. The risks of pancreatic cancer were compared between persons infected and noninfected with Hp, or between those with and without AG status at baseline. Odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios were combined. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed, and publication bias was estimated. RESULTS Three cohort studies and 6 nested case-control studies, including 65,155 observations, were analyzed. The meta-analyses did not confirm the association between pancreatic cancer risk and Hp infection (OR = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.81-1.47) or AG status (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.80-1.72). However, particular subpopulations potentially had increased risks of pancreatic cancer. Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA)-negative strains of Hp might be a causative factor of pancreatic cancer (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.05-1.62), but a sensitivity analysis by leave-one-out method did not fully warrant it (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.93-1.56). In 1 nested case-control study, AG at stomach corpus in Hp-negative subpopulation might have increased risk of pancreatic cancer, but with a poor test power = 0.56. Publication biases were nonsignificant in the present meta-analysis. CONCLUSION Based on current prospective epidemiologic studies, the linkage of pancreatic cancer to Hp infection or AG status was not warranted on the whole. Nevertheless, prospective studies only focusing on those specific subpopulations are further required to obtain better power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
| | | | - Rui Wang
- Nursing Section, Department of Gastroenterology
| | - Xin-Zu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Narang M, Puri AS, Sachdeva S, Singh J, Kumar A, Saran RK. Celiac disease and Helicobacter pylori infection in children: Is there any Association? J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:1178-1182. [PMID: 27862319 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection can influence the inflammatory and immune responses in the gut and may therefore play a role in the development of gluten-related enteropathy in genetically susceptible individuals. Our objective was to assess the relationship between celiac disease and HP infection in children. METHODS Children (1-18 years) diagnosed as celiac disease (CD) (n = 324) with submission of gastric and duodenal biopsies and duodenal histology having Marsh grade III features were eligible for the study. Non-celiac patients referred for endoscopy were selected as controls. We studied proportion of HP prevalence in children with confirmed CD as compared with HP prevalence in reference group comprising non-celiac children referred for endoscopy. We also evaluated predictors of HP infection in children with celiac disease. RESULTS Of the 324 participants with CD, gastric HP was seen in 37 (11.4%) patients. The prevalence of HP in patients without CD (50%, P < 0.001) was significantly higher. Among patients with CD, HP infection was most frequent in patients with Marsh IIIa. In the stepwise regression analysis for risk factors of HP infection in CD patients: presence of gastritis, hemoglobin, and absence of scalloping were found to be independent predictors in a multivariate setup. CONCLUSION Celiac disease and gastric HP infection have inverse relationship that raises the question whether development of HP infection confers protection against CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Narang
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi, India
| | - Amarender Singh Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Sachdeva
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi, India
| | - Jatinderpal Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi, India
| | - Ravindra K Saran
- Department of Pathology, GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi, India
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Jun JK, Choi KS, Lee HY, Suh M, Park B, Song SH, Jung KW, Lee CW, Choi IJ, Park EC, Lee D. Effectiveness of the Korean National Cancer Screening Program in Reducing Gastric Cancer Mortality. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1319-1328.e7. [PMID: 28147224 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It is not clear whether screening for gastric cancer by upper endoscopy or upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series examinations (looking at the upper and middle sections of the gastrointestinal tract by imaging techniques) reduces mortality. Nevertheless, the Korean National Cancer Screening Program for gastric cancer was launched in 1999 to screen individuals 40 years and older for gastric cancer using these techniques. We evaluated the effectiveness of these techniques in gastric cancer detection and compared their effects on mortality in the Korean population. METHODS We performed a nested case-control study using data from the Korean National Cancer Screening Program for gastric cancer since 2002. A total of 16,584,283 Korean men and women, aged 40 years and older, comprised the cancer-free cohort. Case subjects (n = 54,418) were defined as individuals newly diagnosed with gastric cancer from January 2004 through December 2009 and who died before December 2012. Cases were matched with controls (subjects who were alive on the date of death of the corresponding case subject, n = 217,672) for year of entry into the study cohort, age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained via conditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Compared with subjects who had never been screened, the overall OR for dying from gastric cancer among ever-screened subjects was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.77-0.81). According to screening modality, the ORs of death from gastric cancer were 0.53 (95% CI, 0.51-0.56) for upper endoscopy and 0.98 (95% CI, 0.95-1.01) for UGI series. As the number of endoscopic screening tests performed per subject increased, the ORs of death from gastric cancer decreased: 0.60 (95% CI, 0.57-0.63), 0.32 (95% CI, 0.28-0.37), and 0.19 (95% CI, 0.14-0.26) for once, twice, and 3 or more times, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Within the Korean National Cancer Screening Program, patients who received an upper endoscopy were less likely to die from gastric cancer; no associations were found for UGI series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kwan Jun
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Kui Son Choi
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Suh
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyoung Park
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Song
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Won Jung
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Wha Lee
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ju Choi
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Health Services Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dukhyoung Lee
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Donzelli
- Area of Education for Appropriateness and Evidence Based Medicine, Health Protection Agency, Metropolitan City of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Ajdacic-Gross V, Rodgers S, Aleksandrowicz A, Mutsch M, Steinemann N, von Wyl V, von Känel R, Bopp M. Cancer co-occurrence patterns in Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis-Do they mirror immune system imbalances? Cancer Epidemiol 2016; 44:167-173. [PMID: 27612279 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the site-specific cancer mortality among deaths registered with Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). We focused on the patterns related to the most frequent cancers. METHODS We analyzed Swiss mortality data over a 39-year period (1969-2007), using a statistical approach applicable to unique daabases, i.e. when no linkage with morbidity databases or disease registries is possible. It was based on a case-control design with bootstrapping to derive standardized mortality ratios (SMR). The cases were defined by the cancer-PD or cancer-MS co-registrations, whereas the controls were drawn from the remaining records with cancer deaths (matching criteria: sex, age, language region of Switzerland, subperiods 1969-1981, 1982-1994, 1995-2007). RESULTS For PD we found lower SMRs in lung and liver cancer and higher SMRs in melanoma/skin cancer, and in cancers of breast and prostate. As for MS, the SMR in lung cancer was lower than expected, whereas SMRs in colorectal, breast and bladder cancer were higher. CONCLUSIONS A common pattern of associations can be observed in PD and MS, with a lower risk of lung cancer and higher risk of breast cancer than expected. Thus, PD and MS resemble other conditions with similar (schizophrenia) or reversed patterns (rheumatoid arthritis, immunosuppression after organ transplantation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Swiss MS Registry, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland, Switzerland.
| | - Stephanie Rodgers
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Swiss MS Registry, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland, Switzerland
| | | | - Margot Mutsch
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Swiss MS Registry, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Steinemann
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Swiss MS Registry, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Viktor von Wyl
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Swiss MS Registry, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital, and Clinic Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Bopp
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Swiss MS Registry, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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Bakhti SZ, Latifi-Navid S, Mohammadi S, Zahri S, Bakhti FS, Feizi F, Yazdanbod A, Siavoshi F. Relevance of Helicobacter pylori vacA 3'-end Region Polymorphism to Gastric Cancer. Helicobacter 2016; 21:305-16. [PMID: 26612250 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori vacA genotypes play an important role in the pathogenesis of severe gastrointestinal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified a novel polymorphic site in the 3'-end region of H. pylori vacA gene, denoted by c1/-c2 (c1: with deletion of 15 bp), and examined associations of this and the previous four sites as well as cagA status with gastroduodenal diseases, in a total of 217 Iranian H. pylori isolates. Histopathologic evaluations were performed and patients with gastric cancer (GC) were further classified based on the anatomic site of tumor, including cardia and noncardia GC, and the histopathologic type of tumor, including intestinal- and diffuse-type GC. RESULTS The vacA m1, i1, d1, c1, and cagA genotypes were significantly associated with an increased risk of GC, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 4.29 (2.03-9.08), 6.11 (2.63-14.19), 3.18 (1.49-6.76), 15.13 (5.86-39.01), and 2.59 (1.09-6.12), respectively. The vacA c1 genotype had an increased age- and sex-adjusted risk for GC by the multiple logistic regression analysis; the OR was 38.32 (95% CI, 6.60-222.29). This association was independent of and larger than the associations of the m-, i-, and d-type of vacA or cagA status with GC. No significant correlation was found between s1, whether independently or in combination, and the risk of GC or peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The vacA i1 and cagA genotypes were linked to an increased risk of PUD; the OR (95% CI) was 2.80 (1.45-5.40) and 2.62 (1.23-5.61), respectively. The presence of both the vacA i1 and cagA genotypes further increased the risk of PUD; the OR was 5.20 (95% CI, 1.92-14.03). CONCLUSION The H. pylori vacA c1 genotype might therefore be one of the strongest risk predictors of GC in male patients aged ≥55 in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Zahra Bakhti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Shiva Mohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saber Zahri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Bakhti
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Farideh Feizi
- Aras Clinics, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Abbas Yazdanbod
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Farideh Siavoshi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, University College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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47
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Does cytomegalovirus infection contribute to socioeconomic disparities in all-cause mortality? Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 158:53-61. [PMID: 27268074 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The social patterning of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and its implication in aging suggest that the virus may partially contribute to socioeconomic disparities in mortality. We used Cox regression and inverse odds ratio weighting to quantify the proportion of the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and all-cause mortality that was attributable to mediation by CMV seropositivity. Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994), with mortality follow-up through December 2011. SES was assessed as household income (income-to-poverty ratio ≤1.30;>1.30 to≤1.85;>1.85 to≤3.50;>3.50) and education (<high school; high school; >high school). We found strong associations between low SES and increased mortality: hazard ratio (HR) 1.80; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57, 2.06 comparing the lowest versus highest income groups and HR 1.29; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.48 comparing <high school versus >high school education. 65% of individuals were CMV seropositive, accounting for 6-15% of the SES-mortality associations. Age modified the associations between SES, CMV, and mortality, with CMV more strongly associated with mortality in older individuals. Our findings suggest that cytomegalovirus may partially contribute to persistent socioeconomic disparities in mortality, particularly among older individuals.
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48
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Cheng C, Li CP. Influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on extra-gastric diseases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:2010-2018. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i13.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization of the stomach and its pathogenic effects is a crucial landmark in modern gastroenterology. There have been many studies reporting that the natural history of many disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer and MALT lymphoma are linked with the presence of this bacterium. Moreover, H. pylori is often involved in the pathogenic processes of a variety of extra-gastric diseases, especially those characterized by persistent and low grade systemic inflammation. The proposed mechanisms ranging from the induction of a low grade inflammatory state to the occurrence of molecular mimicry mechanisms. This paper will review the results of the most important studies on the association of H. pylori infection with extra-gastric diseases, such as autoimmune, neoplastic, cardiovascular and other related disorders, as well as possible mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of these extra-gastric diseases.
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49
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Osipenko MF, Shrainer EV, Parfenov AI. [Successes and unsolved problems in the study of celiac disease]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2016; 88:97-100. [PMID: 27135107 DOI: 10.17116/terarkh201688297-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The review gives current views on the problem of celiac disease (gluten enteropathy). It presents the pathogenetic components of pathology development, associations with the specific features of the microflora in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as groups at risk for this pathology. The idea on other types of gluten intolerance is briefly given. Current elaborated approaches to gluten enteropathy therapy are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Osipenko
- Novosibirsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E V Shrainer
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A I Parfenov
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
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50
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Yamamichi N, Hirano C, Takahashi Y, Minatsuki C, Nakayama C, Matsuda R, Shimamoto T, Takeuchi C, Kodashima S, Ono S, Tsuji Y, Fujishiro M, Wada R, Mitsushima T, Koike K. Comparative analysis of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography, and the titer of serum anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG focusing on the diagnosis of atrophic gastritis. Gastric Cancer 2016. [PMID: 26223472 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-015-0515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGI-ES) and double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography (UGI-XR) are two major image-based methods to diagnose atrophic gastritis, which is mostly induced by Helicobacter pylori infection. However, there have been few studies directly comparing them. METHODS Atrophic gastritis was evaluated using the data of 962 healthy subjects who underwent UGI-ES and UGI-XR within 1 year. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Based on UGI-ES and UGI-XR, 602 subjects did not have atrophic gastritis and 254 subjects did have it. Considering UGI-ES-based atrophic gastritis as the standard, sensitivity and specificity of UGI-XR-based atrophic gastritis were 92.0 % (254/276) and 92.8 % (602/649), respectively. The seven-grade Kimura-Takemoto classification of UGI-ES-based atrophic gastritis showed a strong and significant association with the four-grade UGI-XR-based atrophic gastritis. Sensitivity and specificity of serum anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG to detect UGI-ES/UGI-XR-based atrophic gastritis were 89.4 % (227/254) and 99.8 % (601/602), indicating that atrophic gastritis can be overlooked according to serum anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutake Yamamichi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Chigaya Hirano
- Kameda Medical Center Makuhari, CD-2, 1-3, Nakase, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Minatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiemi Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Matsuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Kameda Medical Center Makuhari, CD-2, 1-3, Nakase, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chihiro Takeuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kodashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Wada
- Kameda Medical Center Makuhari, CD-2, 1-3, Nakase, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toru Mitsushima
- Kameda Medical Center Makuhari, CD-2, 1-3, Nakase, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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