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Xu Y, Tsurinaga Y, Matsumoto T, Muta R, Yano T, Sakaida H, Masuda S, Ueda K, Feng G, Gotoh S, Ogawa S, Ikejiri M, Nakatani K, Nagao M, Tanabe M, Takeuchi K. Two Pediatric Cases of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Caused by Loss-of-Function Variants in Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome Gene, OFD1. Case Rep Genet 2024; 2024:1595717. [PMID: 39156004 PMCID: PMC11329306 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1595717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a hereditary disease caused by genes related to motile cilia. We report two male pediatric cases of PCD caused by hemizygous pathogenic variants in the OFD1 centriole and centriolar satellite protein (OFD1) gene. The variants were NM_003611.3: c.[2789_2793delTAAAA] (p.[Ile930LysfsTer8]) in Case 1 and c.[2632_2635delGAAG] (p.[Glu878LysfsTer9]) in Case 2. Both cases had characteristic recurrent respiratory infections. Neither case had symptoms of oral-facial-digital syndrome type I. We identified a variant (c.2632_2635delGAAG) that has not been previously reported in any case of OFD1-PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryMie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yuki Tsurinaga
- Department of PediatricsOsaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatric Infection and ImmunologyFukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryuji Muta
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory MedicineFukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taichi Yano
- Faculty of MedicineMie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakaida
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryMie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Sawako Masuda
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyNational Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Koki Ueda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryMie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Guofei Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryMie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Shimpei Gotoh
- Center for iPS Cell Research and ApplicationKyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Ogawa
- Electron Microscopy Research CenterMie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Makoto Ikejiri
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryMie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | | | - Mizuho Nagao
- Institute for Clinical ResearchNational Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanabe
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryMie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takeuchi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryMie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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Martinez-Molina M, Carmona-Rocha E, Gil-Lianes J, Yubero D, Casas-Alba D, Baselga E, Ivars M. Trichoscopic findings in neonatal alopecia in oro-facial-digital syndrome type 1. Pediatr Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38969348 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1) is an X-linked dominant development disorder due to mutations in the OFD1 gene. It is characterized by facial, oral, and digital malformations, although expression is variable. Skin manifestations are frequent (20%-30% of patients) and characterized by evanescent milia and patchy alopecia. Trichoscopic findings (broken hairs, black dots, pili torti) can resemble tinea capitis, although such findings have not been well characterized. High clinical suspicion of ectodermal dysplasia-like syndromes due to trichoscopy findings, absence of response to long-term antifungal therapy, and the presence of midline anomalies can raise suspicion for OFD1, which can be confirmed by genetic testing and enable diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Martinez-Molina
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Carmona-Rocha
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Gil-Lianes
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Delia Yubero
- Genetics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dídac Casas-Alba
- Genetics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Baselga
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ivars
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Lin WD, Liao WL, Chen WC, Liu TY, Chen YC, Tsai FJ. Genome-wide association study identifies novel susceptible loci and evaluation of polygenic risk score for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Taiwanese population. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:607. [PMID: 38886662 PMCID: PMC11184693 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) describes a group of progressive lung diseases causing breathing difficulties. While COPD development typically involves a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors, genetics play a role in disease susceptibility. This study used genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and polygenic risk score (PRS) to elucidate the genetic basis for COPD in Taiwanese patients. RESULTS GWAS was performed on a Taiwanese COPD case-control cohort with a sample size of 5,442 cases and 17,681 controls. Additionally, the PRS was calculated and assessed in our target groups. GWAS results indicate that although there were no single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genome-wide significance, prominent COPD susceptibility loci on or nearby genes such as WWTR1, EXT1, INTU, MAP3K7CL, MAMDC2, BZW1/CLK1, LINC01197, LINC01894, and CFAP95 (C9orf135) were identified, which had not been reported in previous studies. Thirteen susceptibility loci, such as CHRNA4, AFAP1, and DTWD1, previously reported in other populations were replicated and confirmed to be associated with COPD in Taiwanese populations. The PRS was determined in the target groups using the summary statistics from our base group, yielding an effective association with COPD (odds ratio [OR] 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.17, p = 0.011). Furthermore, replication a previous lung function trait PRS model in our target group, showed a significant association of COPD susceptibility with PRS of Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1)/Forced Vital Capacity (FCV) (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.95, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Novel COPD-related genes were identified in the studied Taiwanese population. The PRS model, based on COPD or lung function traits, enables disease risk estimation and enhances prediction before suffering. These results offer new perspectives on the genetics of COPD and serve as a basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-De Lin
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan
- School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Liao
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan
- Center for Personalized Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan.
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413305, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan.
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Hannes L, Atzori M, Goldenberg A, Argente J, Attie-Bitach T, Amiel J, Attanasio C, Braslavsky DG, Bruel AL, Castanet M, Dubourg C, Jacobs A, Lyonnet S, Martinez-Mayer J, Pérez Millán MI, Pezzella N, Pelgrims E, Aerden M, Bauters M, Rochtus A, Scaglia P, Swillen A, Sifrim A, Tammaro R, Mau-Them FT, Odent S, Thauvin-Robinet C, Franco B, Breckpot J. Differential alternative splicing analysis links variation in ZRSR2 to a novel type of oral-facial-digital syndrome. Genet Med 2024; 26:101059. [PMID: 38158857 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.101059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral-facial-digital (OFD) syndromes are genetically heterogeneous developmental disorders, caused by pathogenic variants in genes involved in primary cilia formation and function. We identified a previously undescribed type of OFD with brain anomalies, ranging from alobar holoprosencephaly to pituitary anomalies, in 6 unrelated families. METHODS Exome sequencing of affected probands was supplemented with alternative splicing analysis in patient and control lymphoblastoid and fibroblast cell lines, and primary cilia structure analysis in patient fibroblasts. RESULTS In 1 family with 2 affected males, we identified a germline variant in the last exon of ZRSR2, NM_005089.4:c.1211_1212del NP_005080.1:p.(Gly404GlufsTer23), whereas 7 affected males from 5 unrelated families were hemizygous for the ZRSR2 variant NM_005089.4:c.1207_1208del NP_005080.1:p.(Arg403GlyfsTer24), either occurring de novo or inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. ZRSR2, located on chromosome Xp22.2, encodes a splicing factor of the minor spliceosome complex, which recognizes minor introns, representing 0.35% of human introns. Patient samples showed significant enrichment of minor intron retention. Among differentially spliced targets are ciliopathy-related genes, such as TMEM107 and CIBAR1. Primary fibroblasts containing the NM_005089.4:c.1207_1208del ZRSR2 variant had abnormally elongated cilia, confirming an association between defective U12-type intron splicing, OFD and abnormal primary cilia formation. CONCLUSION We introduce a novel type of OFD associated with elongated cilia and differential splicing of minor intron-containing genes due to germline variation in ZRSR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens Hannes
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marta Atzori
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Jesús Argente
- Department of Pediatrics & Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; CIBEROBN de fisiopatología de la obesidad y nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Attie-Bitach
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, IHU Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques, Paris, France; Service de médecine génomique des maladies rares, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Jeanne Amiel
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, IHU Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques, Paris, France; Service de médecine génomique des maladies rares, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | | | - Débora G Braslavsky
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- INSERM, U1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR Lipides, Nutrition, Dijon, France; UF Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Mireille Castanet
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1239, CHU Rouen, Department of Pediatrics, Rouen, France
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Genomics, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR, UMR 6290, ERL U1305, Rennes, France
| | - An Jacobs
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stanislas Lyonnet
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, IHU Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques, Paris, France; Service de médecine génomique des maladies rares, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Julian Martinez-Mayer
- Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Inés Pérez Millán
- Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional (IB3), Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nunziana Pezzella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine-TIGEM, Naples, Italy; Scuola Superiore Meridionale, School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine program, Naples, Italy
| | - Elise Pelgrims
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mio Aerden
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marijke Bauters
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne Rochtus
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paula Scaglia
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ann Swillen
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Roberta Tammaro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine-TIGEM, Naples, Italy
| | - Frederic Tran Mau-Them
- INSERM, U1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR Lipides, Nutrition, Dijon, France; UF Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France; Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Genomics, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR, UMR 6290, ERL U1305, Rennes, France; Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'interrégion Ouest, ERN ITHACA, FHU GenOmedS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- INSERM, U1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR Lipides, Nutrition, Dijon, France; UF Innovation diagnostique des maladies rares, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France; Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement de l'Est, Centre de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine-TIGEM, Naples, Italy; Scuola Superiore Meridionale, School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine program, Naples, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Genetics Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Tolezano GC, Bastos GC, da Costa SS, Freire BL, Homma TK, Honjo RS, Yamamoto GL, Passos-Bueno MR, Koiffmann CP, Kim CA, Vianna-Morgante AM, de Lima Jorge AA, Bertola DR, Rosenberg C, Krepischi ACV. Burden of Rare Copy Number Variants in Microcephaly: A Brazilian Cohort of 185 Microcephalic Patients and Review of the Literature. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:1181-1212. [PMID: 36502452 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microcephaly presents heterogeneous genetic etiology linked to several neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). Copy number variants (CNVs) are a causal mechanism of microcephaly whose investigation is a crucial step for unraveling its molecular basis. Our purpose was to investigate the burden of rare CNVs in microcephalic individuals and to review genes and CNV syndromes associated with microcephaly. We performed chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in 185 Brazilian patients with microcephaly and evaluated microcephalic patients carrying < 200 kb CNVs documented in the DECIPHER database. Additionally, we reviewed known genes and CNV syndromes causally linked to microcephaly through the PubMed, OMIM, DECIPHER, and ClinGen databases. Rare clinically relevant CNVs were detected in 39 out of the 185 Brazilian patients investigated by CMA (21%). In 31 among the 60 DECIPHER patients carrying < 200 kb CNVs, at least one known microcephaly gene was observed. Overall, four gene sets implicated in microcephaly were disclosed: known microcephaly genes; genes with supporting evidence of association with microcephaly; known macrocephaly genes; and novel candidates, including OTUD7A, BBC3, CNTN6, and NAA15. In the review, we compiled 957 known microcephaly genes and 58 genomic CNV loci, comprising 13 duplications and 50 deletions, which have already been associated with clinical findings including microcephaly. We reviewed genes and CNV syndromes previously associated with microcephaly, reinforced the high CMA diagnostic yield for this condition, pinpointed novel candidate loci linked to microcephaly deserving further evaluation, and provided a useful resource for future research on the field of neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Cantini Tolezano
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Civitate Bastos
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Silvia Souza da Costa
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Bruna Lucheze Freire
- Unidade de Endocrinologia Genética (LIM25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 455 Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Thais Kataoka Homma
- Unidade de Endocrinologia Genética (LIM25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 455 Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Rachel Sayuri Honjo
- Unidade de Genética do Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 647 Avenida Doutor Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lopes Yamamoto
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
- Unidade de Genética do Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 647 Avenida Doutor Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Passos-Bueno
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Celia Priszkulnik Koiffmann
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Unidade de Genética do Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 647 Avenida Doutor Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Angela Maria Vianna-Morgante
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Alexander Augusto de Lima Jorge
- Unidade de Endocrinologia Genética (LIM25), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 455 Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Débora Romeo Bertola
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
- Unidade de Genética do Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 647 Avenida Doutor Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Carla Rosenberg
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Victorino Krepischi
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 106 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
- Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 277 Rua do Matão, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
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Bozhinovski G, Terzikj M, Kubelka-Sabit K, Plaseska-Karanfilska D. High Incidence of CPLANE1-Related Joubert Syndrome in the Products of Conceptions from Early Pregnancy Losses. Balkan Med J 2024; 41:97-104. [PMID: 38351681 PMCID: PMC10913109 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2023-10-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The fetal monogenic causes of early pregnancy losses (EPLs) are mainly unknown, with only a few articles on the subject published. In our previous study of EPLs using whole-exome sequencing analysis, we confirmed a genetic diagnosis of CPLANE1-related Joubert syndrome (JS) in three EPLs from two couples and identified a relatively common CPLANE1 allele among our population (NM_001384732.1:c.1819delT;c.7817T>A, further after referred as “complex allele”). Pathogenic variants in the CPLANE1 (C5orf42) gene are reported to cause JS type 17, a primary ciliopathy with various system defects. Aims To examine the hypothesis that the CPLANE1 “complex allele,” whether homozygous or compound heterozygous, is a common cause of EPLs in our population. Study Design Cohort study/case-control study.ontrol study. Methods In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction-based methods to screen for CPLANE1 “complex allele” presence among 246 euploid EPLs (< 12 gestational weeks) from families in North Macedonia. We also investigated the impact of this allele in 650 women with EPLs versus 646 women with no history of pregnancy loss and at least one livebirth, matched by ethnic origin. Results We found a high incidence of JS in the total study group of EPLs (2.03%), with a considerably higher incidence among Albanian families (6.25%). Although not statistically significant, women with EPLs had a higher allele frequency of the CPLANE1 “complex allele” (AF = 1.38%) than the controls (AF = 0.85%; p = 0.2). Albanian women had significantly higher frequency of the “complex allele” than the Macedonians (AF = 1.65% and 0.39%, respectively; p = 0.003). Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest reported incidence of fetal monogenic disease that might cause EPLs. Targeted screening for the CPLANE1 “complex allele” would be warranted in Albanian ethnic couples because it would detect one JS in every 16 euploid EPLs. Our findings have a larger impact on the pathogenesis of pregnancy loss and contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenicity of the variants in the CPLANE1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gjorgji Bozhinovski
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology “Georgi D. Efremov”, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Marija Terzikj
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology “Georgi D. Efremov”, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Katerina Kubelka-Sabit
- Department of Laboratory for Histopathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital Acıbadem Sistina, Skopje, North Macedonia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Goce Delchev University, Stip, North Macedonia
| | - Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology “Georgi D. Efremov”, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia
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7
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Kalot R, Sentell Z, Kitzler TM, Torban E. Primary cilia and actin regulatory pathways in renal ciliopathies. FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY 2024; 3:1331847. [PMID: 38292052 PMCID: PMC10824913 DOI: 10.3389/fneph.2023.1331847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Ciliopathies are a group of rare genetic disorders caused by defects to the structure or function of the primary cilium. They often affect multiple organs, leading to brain malformations, congenital heart defects, and anomalies of the retina or skeletal system. Kidney abnormalities are among the most frequent ciliopathic phenotypes manifesting as smaller, dysplastic, and cystic kidneys that are often accompanied by renal fibrosis. Many renal ciliopathies cause chronic kidney disease and often progress to end-stage renal disease, necessitating replacing therapies. There are more than 35 known ciliopathies; each is a rare hereditary condition, yet collectively they account for a significant proportion of chronic kidney disease worldwide. The primary cilium is a tiny microtubule-based organelle at the apex of almost all vertebrate cells. It serves as a "cellular antenna" surveying environment outside the cell and transducing this information inside the cell to trigger multiple signaling responses crucial for tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis. Hundreds of proteins and unique cellular mechanisms are involved in cilia formation. Recent evidence suggests that actin remodeling and regulation at the base of the primary cilium strongly impacts ciliogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of the structure and function of the primary cilium, focusing on the role of actin cytoskeleton and its regulators in ciliogenesis. We then describe the key clinical, genetic, and molecular aspects of renal ciliopathies. We highlight what is known about actin regulation in the pathogenesis of these diseases with the aim to consider these recent molecular findings as potential therapeutic targets for renal ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Kalot
- Department of Medicine and Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zachary Sentell
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas M. Kitzler
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena Torban
- Department of Medicine and Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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8
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Kim NH, Lee CH, Lee AY. Extraciliary OFD1 Is Involved in Melanocyte Survival through Cell Adhesion to ECM via Paxillin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17528. [PMID: 38139355 PMCID: PMC10743763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia play a significant role in influencing cell fate, including apoptosis in multiple cell types. In the lesional epidermis of vitiligo patients, a reduced number of ciliated cells was observed. Our study also revealed a downregulation of oral-facial digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1) in the affected skin of vitiligo patients. However, it remains unknown whether primary cilia are involved in the control of melanocyte apoptosis. While both intraflagellar transport 88 (IFT88) and retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator-interacting protein-1 like (RPGRIP1L) are associated with ciliogenesis in melanocytes, only the knockdown of OFD1, but not IFT88 and RPGRIP1L, resulted in increased melanocyte apoptosis. OFD1 knockdown led to a decrease in the expression of proteins involved in cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, including paxillin. The OFD1 amino acid residues 601-1012 interacted with paxillin, while the amino acid residues 1-601 were associated with ciliogenesis, suggesting that the OFD1 domains responsible for paxillin binding are distinct from those involved in ciliogenesis. OFD1 knockdown, but not IFT88 knockdown, inhibited melanocyte adhesion to the ECM, a defect that was restored by paxillin overexpression. In summary, our findings indicate that the downregulation of OFD1 induces melanocyte apoptosis, independent of any impairment in ciliogenesis, by reducing melanocyte adhesion to the ECM via paxillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Hyung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ai-Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea
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9
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Bocquet B, Borday C, Erkilic N, Mamaeva D, Donval A, Masson C, Parain K, Kaminska K, Quinodoz M, Perea-Romero I, Garcia-Garcia G, Jimenez-Medina C, Boukhaddaoui H, Coget A, Leboucq N, Calzetti G, Gandolfi S, Percesepe A, Barili V, Uliana V, Delsante M, Bozzetti F, Scholl HP, Corton M, Ayuso C, Millan JM, Rivolta C, Meunier I, Perron M, Kalatzis V. TBC1D32 variants disrupt retinal ciliogenesis and cause retinitis pigmentosa. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e169426. [PMID: 37768732 PMCID: PMC10721274 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common inherited retinal disease (IRD) and is characterized by photoreceptor degeneration and progressive vision loss. We report 4 patients presenting with RP from 3 unrelated families with variants in TBC1D32, which to date has never been associated with an IRD. To validate TBC1D32 as a putative RP causative gene, we combined Xenopus in vivo approaches and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived (iPSC-derived) retinal models. Our data showed that TBC1D32 was expressed during retinal development and that it played an important role in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) differentiation. Furthermore, we identified a role for TBC1D32 in ciliogenesis of the RPE. We demonstrated elongated ciliary defects that resulted in disrupted apical tight junctions, loss of functionality (delayed retinoid cycling and altered secretion balance), and the onset of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like phenotype. Last, our results suggested photoreceptor differentiation defects, including connecting cilium anomalies, that resulted in impaired trafficking to the outer segment in cones and rods in TBC1D32 iPSC-derived retinal organoids. Overall, our data highlight a critical role for TBC1D32 in the retina and demonstrate that TBC1D32 mutations lead to RP. We thus identify TBC1D32 as an IRD-causative gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Bocquet
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier, France
- National Reference Centre for Inherited Sensory Diseases, University of Montpellier, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Borday
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Nejla Erkilic
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier, France
- National Reference Centre for Inherited Sensory Diseases, University of Montpellier, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Daria Mamaeva
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Alicia Donval
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Christel Masson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Karine Parain
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Karolina Kaminska
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Quinodoz
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Perea-Romero
- Department of Genetics, Health Research Institute-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Garcia-Garcia
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomics Biomedicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- Joint Unit of Rare Diseases, IIS La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carla Jimenez-Medina
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Hassan Boukhaddaoui
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Arthur Coget
- Department of Neuroradiology and
- Institute for Human Functional Imaging (I2FH), University of Montpellier, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Giacomo Calzetti
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine and Surgery
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesca Bozzetti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic Department, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Hendrik P.N. Scholl
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marta Corton
- Department of Genetics, Health Research Institute-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Department of Genetics, Health Research Institute-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M. Millan
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomics Biomedicine Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- Joint Unit of Rare Diseases, IIS La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlo Rivolta
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Meunier
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier, France
- National Reference Centre for Inherited Sensory Diseases, University of Montpellier, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Muriel Perron
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Vasiliki Kalatzis
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier, France
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10
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Bruel AL, Ganga AK, Nosková L, Valenzuela I, Martinovic J, Duffourd Y, Zikánová M, Majer F, Kmoch S, Mohler M, Sun J, Sweeney LK, Martínez-Gil N, Thauvin-Robinet C, Breslow DK. Pathogenic RAB34 variants impair primary cilium assembly and cause a novel oral-facial-digital syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2822-2831. [PMID: 37384395 PMCID: PMC10481091 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral-facial-digital syndromes (OFDS) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by defects in the development of the face and oral cavity along with digit anomalies. Pathogenic variants in over 20 genes encoding ciliary proteins have been found to cause OFDS through deleterious structural or functional impacts on primary cilia. We identified by exome sequencing bi-allelic missense variants in a novel disease-causing ciliary gene RAB34 in four individuals from three unrelated families. Affected individuals presented a novel form of OFDS (OFDS-RAB34) accompanied by cardiac, cerebral, skeletal and anorectal defects. RAB34 encodes a member of the Rab GTPase superfamily and was recently identified as a key mediator of ciliary membrane formation. Unlike many genes required for cilium assembly, RAB34 acts selectively in cell types that use the intracellular ciliogenesis pathway, in which nascent cilia begin to form in the cytoplasm. We find that the protein products of these pathogenic variants, which are clustered near the RAB34 C-terminus, exhibit a strong loss of function. Although some variants retain the ability to be recruited to the mother centriole, cells expressing mutant RAB34 exhibit a significant defect in cilium assembly. While many Rab proteins have been previously linked to ciliogenesis, our studies establish RAB34 as the first small GTPase involved in OFDS and reveal the distinct clinical manifestations caused by impairment of intracellular ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ange-Line Bruel
- INSERM U1231 Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU-TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Dijon Bourgogne, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Anil Kumar Ganga
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Lenka Nosková
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Irene Valenzuela
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute,08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jelena Martinovic
- Unit of Embryo-Fetal Pathology, AP-HP, Antoine Béclère Hospital, Paris Saclay University, 92141 Clamart, France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- INSERM U1231 Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU-TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Dijon Bourgogne, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Marie Zikánová
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Majer
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Mohler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 708 52, Czech Republic
| | - Jingbo Sun
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Lauren K Sweeney
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Núria Martínez-Gil
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute,08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- INSERM U1231 Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU-TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Dijon Bourgogne, 21079 Dijon, France
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de référence maladies rares ‘Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs’, FHU-TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - David K Breslow
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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11
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Li Y, Xiong Z, Zhang M, Hysi PG, Qian Y, Adhikari K, Weng J, Wu S, Du S, Gonzalez-Jose R, Schuler-Faccini L, Bortolini MC, Acuna-Alonzo V, Canizales-Quinteros S, Gallo C, Poletti G, Bedoya G, Rothhammer F, Wang J, Tan J, Yuan Z, Jin L, Uitterlinden AG, Ghanbari M, Ikram MA, Nijsten T, Zhu X, Lei Z, Jia P, Ruiz-Linares A, Spector TD, Wang S, Kayser M, Liu F. Combined genome-wide association study of 136 quantitative ear morphology traits in multiple populations reveal 8 novel loci. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010786. [PMID: 37459304 PMCID: PMC10351707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Human ear morphology, a complex anatomical structure represented by a multidimensional set of correlated and heritable phenotypes, has a poorly understood genetic architecture. In this study, we quantitatively assessed 136 ear morphology traits using deep learning analysis of digital face images in 14,921 individuals from five different cohorts in Europe, Asia, and Latin America. Through GWAS meta-analysis and C-GWASs, a recently introduced method to effectively combine GWASs of many traits, we identified 16 genetic loci involved in various ear phenotypes, eight of which have not been previously associated with human ear features. Our findings suggest that ear morphology shares genetic determinants with other surface ectoderm-derived traits such as facial variation, mono eyebrow, and male pattern baldness. Our results enhance the genetic understanding of human ear morphology and shed light on the shared genetic contributors of different surface ectoderm-derived phenotypes. Additionally, gene editing experiments in mice have demonstrated that knocking out the newly ear-associated gene (Intu) and a previously ear-associated gene (Tbx15) causes deviating mouse ear morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Ziyi Xiong
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Manfei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, China
| | - Pirro G. Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Beijing No.8 High School, Beijing, China
| | - Kaustubh Adhikari
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Weng
- Center for Biometrics and Security Research & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Sijie Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, China
| | - Siyuan Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Rolando Gonzalez-Jose
- Instituto Patagonico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Centro Nacional Patagonico, CONICET, Argentina
| | | | | | - Victor Acuna-Alonzo
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National School of Anthropology and History, Mexico
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Unidad de Genomica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Quimica, UNAM-Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico
| | - Carla Gallo
- Laboratorios de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru
| | - Giovanni Poletti
- Laboratorios de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru
| | - Gabriel Bedoya
- GENMOL (Genetica Molecular), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, China
| | - Jingze Tan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, China
| | - Li Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, China
- Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, China
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- Center for Biometrics and Security Research & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Zhen Lei
- Center for Biometrics and Security Research & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Peilin Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Andres Ruiz-Linares
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, United Kingdom
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, China
- Aix-Marseille Universite, CNRS, EFS, ADES, France
| | - Timothy D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Sijia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Manfred Kayser
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Fan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, the Netherlands
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12
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Petzold F, Billot K, Chen X, Henry C, Filhol E, Martin Y, Avramescu M, Douillet M, Morinière V, Krug P, Jeanpierre C, Tory K, Boyer O, Burgun A, Servais A, Salomon R, Benmerah A, Heidet L, Garcelon N, Antignac C, Zaidan M, Saunier S. The genetic landscape and clinical spectrum of nephronophthisis and related ciliopathies. Kidney Int 2023:S0085-2538(23)00377-0. [PMID: 37230223 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nephronophthisis (NPH) is an autosomal-recessive ciliopathy representing one of the most frequent causes of kidney failure in childhood characterized by a broad clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Applied to one of the worldwide largest cohorts of patients with NPH, genetic analysis encompassing targeted and whole exome sequencing identified disease-causing variants in 600 patients from 496 families with a detection rate of 71%. Of 788 pathogenic variants, 40 known ciliopathy genes were identified. However, the majority of patients (53%) bore biallelic pathogenic variants in NPHP1. NPH-causing gene alterations affected all ciliary modules defined by structural and/or functional subdomains. Seventy six percent of these patients had progressed to kidney failure, of which 18% had an infantile form (under five years) and harbored variants affecting the Inversin compartment or intraflagellar transport complex A. Forty eight percent of patients showed a juvenile (5-15 years) and 34% a late-onset disease (over 15 years), the latter mostly carrying variants belonging to the Transition Zone module. Furthermore, while more than 85% of patients with an infantile form presented with extra-kidney manifestations, it only concerned half of juvenile and late onset cases. Eye involvement represented a predominant feature, followed by cerebellar hypoplasia and other brain abnormalities, liver and skeletal defects. The phenotypic variability were in a large part associated with mutation types, genes and corresponding ciliary modules with hypomorphic variants in ciliary genes playing a role in early steps of ciliogenesis associated with juvenile-to-late onset NPH forms. Thus, our data confirm a considerable proportion of late-onset NPH suggesting an underdiagnosis in adult chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Petzold
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France; Division of Nephrology, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katy Billot
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Data Science Platform, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Charline Henry
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Filhol
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Martin
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Marina Avramescu
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France; Department of Pediatry, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Douillet
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Data Science Platform, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Morinière
- APHP, Génétique moléculaire, Hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Krug
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France; Department of Pediatry, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Jeanpierre
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Kalman Tory
- Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Olivia Boyer
- Department of Pediatry, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre de référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte, Necker Hospital, APHP, Université de Paris, France
| | - Anita Burgun
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Department of Medical Informatics, AP-HP, Paris, France; PaRis Artificial Intelligence Research InstitutE (PRAIRIE), France
| | - Aude Servais
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre de référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte, Necker Hospital, APHP, Université de Paris, France
| | - Remi Salomon
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France; Department of Pediatry, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Benmerah
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Heidet
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France; Department of Pediatry, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre de référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte, Necker Hospital, APHP, Université de Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Garcelon
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Data Science Platform, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Antignac
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Mohamad Zaidan
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Service de Néphrologie et Transplantation, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares « Syndrome Néphrotique Idiopathique », Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sophie Saunier
- Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France.
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Harris SC, Chong K, Chitayat D, Gilmore KL, Jorge AAL, Freire BL, Lerario A, Shannon P, Cope H, Gallentine WB, Guyader GL, Bilan F, Létard P, Davis EE, Vora NL. Diagnosis of TBC1D32-associated conditions: Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of a complex ciliopathy. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1282-1292. [PMID: 36826837 PMCID: PMC10204718 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Exome sequencing is a powerful tool in prenatal and postnatal genetics and can help identify novel candidate genes critical to human development. We describe seven unpublished probands with rare likely pathogenic variants or variants of uncertain significance that segregate with recessive disease in TBC1D32, including four fetal probands in three unrelated pedigrees and three pediatric probands in unrelated pedigrees. We also report clinical comparisons with seven previously published patients. Index probands were identified through an ongoing prenatal exome sequencing study and through an online data sharing platform (Gene Matcher™). A literature review was also completed. TBC1D32 is involved in the development and function of cilia and is expressed in the developing hypothalamus and pituitary gland. We provide additional data to expand the phenotype correlated with TBC1D32 variants, including a severe prenatal phenotype associated with life-limiting congenital anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Harris
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prisma Health, University of South Carolina Greenville, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Karen Chong
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Chitayat
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelly L. Gilmore
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander A. L. Jorge
- Unidade de Endocrinologia Genética (LIM25) e Laboratório de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna L. Freire
- Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular (LIM42), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Lerario
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Patrick Shannon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heidi Cope
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - William B. Gallentine
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Stanford University, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | | | - Frederic Bilan
- Service de génétique clinique, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, INSERM U1084, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Pascaline Létard
- Service de génétique clinique, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Erica E. Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Neeta L. Vora
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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14
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Papuc SM, Erbescu A, Glangher A, Streata I, Riza AL, Budisteanu M, Arghir A. Autistic Behavior as Novel Clinical Finding in OFD1 Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020327. [PMID: 36833254 PMCID: PMC9957277 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofaciodigital syndrome I (OFD1-MIM #311200) is a rare ciliopathy characterized by facial dysmorphism, oral cavity, digit, and brain malformations, and cognitive deficits. OFD1 syndrome is an X-linked dominant disorder reported mostly in females. The gene responsible for this condition, OFD1 centriole and centriolar satellite protein (OFD1), is involved in primary cilia formation and several cilia-independent biological processes. The functional and structural integrity of the cilia impacts critical brain development processes, explaining the broad range of neurodevelopmental anomalies in ciliopathy patients. As several psychiatric conditions, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia, are neurodevelopmental in nature, their connections with cilia roles are worth exploring. Moreover, several cilia genes have been associated with behavioral disorders, such as autism. We report on a three-year-old girl with a complex phenotype that includes oral malformations, severe speech delay, dysmorphic features, developmental delay, autism, and bilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia, presenting a de novo pathogenic variant in the OFD1 gene. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of autistic behavior in a female patient with OFD1 syndrome. We propose that autistic behavior should be considered a potential feature of this syndrome and that active screening for early signs of autism might prove beneficial for OFD1 syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Mihaela Papuc
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-213-194528
| | - Alina Erbescu
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina Glangher
- Psychiatry Research Laboratory, Prof. Dr. Alex. Obregia Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Streata
- Regional Centre of Medical Genetics Dolj, Emergency County Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania
- Laboratory of Human Genomics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200638 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anca-Lelia Riza
- Regional Centre of Medical Genetics Dolj, Emergency County Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania
- Laboratory of Human Genomics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200638 Craiova, Romania
| | - Magdalena Budisteanu
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Psychiatry Research Laboratory, Prof. Dr. Alex. Obregia Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurora Arghir
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
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15
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Exploring the Genetic Causality of Discordant Phenotypes in Familial Apparently Balanced Translocation Cases Using Whole Exome Sequencing. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:genes14010082. [PMID: 36672823 PMCID: PMC9859009 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial apparently balanced translocations (ABTs) are usually not associated with a phenotype; however, rarely, ABTs segregate with discordant phenotypes in family members carrying identical rearrangements. The current study was a follow-up investigation of four familial ABTs, where whole exome sequencing (WES) was implemented as a diagnostic tool to identify the underlying genetic aetiology of the patients' phenotypes. Data were analysed using an in-house bioinformatics pipeline alongside VarSome Clinical. WES findings were validated with Sanger sequencing, while the impact of splicing and missense variants was assessed by reverse-transcription PCR and in silico tools, respectively. Novel candidate variants were identified in three families. In family 1, it was shown that the de novo pathogenic STXBP1 variant (NM_003165.6:c.1110+2T>G) affected splicing and segregated with the patient's phenotype. In family 2, a likely pathogenic TUBA1A variant (NM_006009.4:c.875C>T, NP_006000.2:p.(Thr292Ile)) could explain the patient's symptoms. In family 3, an SCN1A variant of uncertain significance (NM_006920.6:c.5060A>G, NP_008851.3:p.(Glu1687Gly)) required additional evidence to sufficiently support causality. This first report of WES application in familial ABT carriers with discordant phenotypes supported our previous findings describing such rearrangements as coincidental. Thus, WES can be recommended as a complementary test to find the monogenic cause of aberrant phenotypes in familial ABT carriers.
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16
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Best S, Yu J, Lord J, Roche M, Watson CM, Bevers RPJ, Stuckey A, Madhusudhan S, Jewell R, Sisodiya SM, Lin S, Turner S, Robinson H, Leslie JS, Baple E, Toomes C, Inglehearn C, Wheway G, Johnson CA. Uncovering the burden of hidden ciliopathies in the 100 000 Genomes Project: a reverse phenotyping approach. J Med Genet 2022; 59:1151-1164. [PMID: 35764379 PMCID: PMC9691823 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2022-108476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 100 000 Genomes Project (100K) recruited National Health Service patients with eligible rare diseases and cancer between 2016 and 2018. PanelApp virtual gene panels were applied to whole genome sequencing data according to Human Phenotyping Ontology (HPO) terms entered by recruiting clinicians to guide focused analysis. METHODS We developed a reverse phenotyping strategy to identify 100K participants with pathogenic variants in nine prioritised disease genes (BBS1, BBS10, ALMS1, OFD1, DYNC2H1, WDR34, NPHP1, TMEM67, CEP290), representative of the full phenotypic spectrum of multisystemic primary ciliopathies. We mapped genotype data 'backwards' onto available clinical data to assess potential matches against phenotypes. Participants with novel molecular diagnoses and key clinical features compatible with the identified disease gene were reported to recruiting clinicians. RESULTS We identified 62 reportable molecular diagnoses with variants in these nine ciliopathy genes. Forty-four have been reported by 100K, 5 were previously unreported and 13 are new diagnoses. We identified 11 participants with unreportable, novel molecular diagnoses, who lacked key clinical features to justify reporting to recruiting clinicians. Two participants had likely pathogenic structural variants and one a deep intronic predicted splice variant. These variants would not be prioritised for review by standard 100K diagnostic pipelines. CONCLUSION Reverse phenotyping improves the rate of successful molecular diagnosis for unsolved 100K participants with primary ciliopathies. Previous analyses likely missed these diagnoses because incomplete HPO term entry led to incorrect gene panel choice, meaning that pathogenic variants were not prioritised. Better phenotyping data are therefore essential for accurate variant interpretation and improved patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunayna Best
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Jing Yu
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Matthew Roche
- Windsor House Group Practice, Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Christopher Mark Watson
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- North East and Yorkshire Genomic Laboratory Hub, Central Lab, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Roel P J Bevers
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alex Stuckey
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Rosalyn Jewell
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- University College London (UCL) Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont, UK
| | - Siying Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Stephen Turner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK
| | - Hannah Robinson
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Joseph S Leslie
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Emma Baple
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Carmel Toomes
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Chris Inglehearn
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Colin A Johnson
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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17
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Iturrate A, Rivera-Barahona A, Flores CL, Otaify GA, Elhossini R, Perez-Sanz ML, Nevado J, Tenorio-Castano J, Triviño JC, Garcia-Gonzalo FR, Piceci-Sparascio F, De Luca A, Martínez L, Kalaycı T, Lapunzina P, Altunoglu U, Aglan M, Abdalla E, Ruiz-Perez VL. Mutations in SCNM1 cause orofaciodigital syndrome due to minor intron splicing defects affecting primary cilia. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1828-1849. [PMID: 36084634 PMCID: PMC9606384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofaciodigital syndrome (OFD) is a genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy characterized by anomalies of the oral cavity, face, and digits. We describe individuals with OFD from three unrelated families having bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in SCNM1 as the cause of their condition. SCNM1 encodes a protein recently shown to be a component of the human minor spliceosome. However, so far the effect of loss of SCNM1 function on human cells had not been assessed. Using a comparative transcriptome analysis between fibroblasts derived from an OFD-affected individual harboring SCNM1 mutations and control fibroblasts, we identified a set of genes with defective minor intron (U12) processing in the fibroblasts of the affected subject. These results were reproduced in SCNM1 knockout hTERT RPE-1 (RPE-1) cells engineered by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated editing and in SCNM1 siRNA-treated RPE-1 cultures. Notably, expression of TMEM107 and FAM92A encoding primary cilia and basal body proteins, respectively, and that of DERL2, ZC3H8, and C17orf75, were severely reduced in SCNM1-deficient cells. Primary fibroblasts containing SCNM1 mutations, as well as SCNM1 knockout and SCNM1 knockdown RPE-1 cells, were also found with abnormally elongated cilia. Conversely, cilia length and expression of SCNM1-regulated genes were restored in SCNM1-deficient fibroblasts following reintroduction of SCNM1 via retroviral delivery. Additionally, functional analysis in SCNM1-retrotransduced fibroblasts showed that SCNM1 is a positive mediator of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Our findings demonstrate that defective U12 intron splicing can lead to a typical ciliopathy such as OFD and reveal that primary cilia length and Hh signaling are regulated by the minor spliceosome through SCNM1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Iturrate
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rivera-Barahona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen-Lisset Flores
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ghada A. Otaify
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics and Genome Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elhossini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics and Genome Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marina L. Perez-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Nevado
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jair Tenorio-Castano
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francesc R. Garcia-Gonzalo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Área de Cáncer y Genética Molecular Humana, Instituto de Investigaciones del Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Piceci-Sparascio
- Medical Genetics Division, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy,Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Medical Genetics Division, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Martínez
- Departamento de Cirugía Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tugba Kalaycı
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Umut Altunoglu
- Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Mona Aglan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics and Genome Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtesam Abdalla
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,Genetics Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Victor L. Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, ITHACA-ERN, 28046 Madrid, Spain,Corresponding author
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18
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Martín-Salazar JE, Valverde D. CPLANE Complex and Ciliopathies. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060847. [PMID: 35740972 PMCID: PMC9221175 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are non-motile organelles associated with the cell cycle, which can be found in most vertebrate cell types. Cilia formation occurs through a process called ciliogenesis, which involves several mechanisms including planar cell polarity (PCP) and the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Some gene complexes, such as BBSome or CPLANE (ciliogenesis and planar polarity effector), have been linked to ciliogenesis. CPLANE complex is composed of INTU, FUZ and WDPCP, which bind to JBTS17 and RSG1 for cilia formation. Defects in these genes have been linked to a malfunction of intraflagellar transport and defects in the planar cell polarity, as well as defective activation of the Hedgehog signalling pathway. These faults lead to defective cilium formation, resulting in ciliopathies, including orofacial-digital syndrome (OFDS) and Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS). Considering the close relationship, between the CPLANE complex and cilium formation, it can be expected that defects in the genes that encode subunits of the CPLANE complex may be related to other ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Valverde
- CINBIO, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS-GS), 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence:
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19
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Qian W, Liu X, Wang Z, Xu Y, Zhang J, Li H, Zhong Q, Li C, Zhu L, Zhou Z, Pan W. Whole-exome sequencing identified novel variants in CPLANE1 that causes oral-facial-digital syndrome Ⅵ by inducing primary cilia abnormality. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3213-3222. [PMID: 35582950 PMCID: PMC9170817 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral‐facial‐digital syndrome (OFDS) is a multisystemic ciliopathic disorder with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. OFDS usually manifests with typical craniofacial anomalies and variable occurrence of polydactyly. Germline variants in CPLANE1 cause OFDS VI. In this study, we investigated a 26‐year‐old Chinese female patient who was 23+1 weeks pregnant. She had a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes with multiple foetal malformations. We performed ultrasonography and identified the foetus as having a posterior fossa Blake cyst and postaxial polydactyly. The patient decided to terminate her pregnancy, and further genetic molecular analysis was performed. We identified the aborted foetus as having postaxial polydactyly. Whole‐exome sequencing identified a missense variant (c.3599C>T, p.A1200V) in exon 20 and a c.834+1G>T variant in exon 7 of CPLANE1 (NM_023073.3) in the foetus. Sanger sequencing confirmed that these variants came from the parents of the foetus. In this study, we investigated a family with OFDS VI through genetic testing and bioinformatics analysis, which provided powerful help for prenatal diagnosis. Then, we demonstrated that the cell migration rate and the number of cilia were decreased after interference with CPLANE1 expression in NIH/3T3 cells. After CPLANE1 knockdown, the Hh signalling pathway was inhibited, and the Hh pathway activator SAG reversed the inhibitory effect. This is the first report of a family with OFDS VI in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qian
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinlei Liu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengrong Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Medical Laboratory, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingzhi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Haizhi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiang Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Liying Zhu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zunlun Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Medical Laboratory, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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20
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Yamada M, Suzuki H, Futagawa H, Takenouchi T, Miya F, Yoshihashi H, Kosaki K. Phenotypic overlap between cardioacrofacial dysplasia-2 and oral-facial-digital syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104512. [PMID: 35439611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oral-facial digital (OFD) syndrome is characterized by abnormalities of the face (hypertelorism and low set-ears), oral cavity (multiple frenula, lingual hamartoma, or lobulated tongue) and extremities (postaxial polydactyly). At least 19 genes have been implicated in the development of OFD syndrome. Herein, we report the case a 13-year-old patient with atrioventricular septal defect, moderate intellectual disability, epilepsy, and features of OFD, including multiple oral frenula, and postaxial polydactyly of the hands and feet. The patient had a de novo heterozygous variant in PRKACB: chr1(GRCh37):g.84700915T > C, c.1124T > C (NM_182948.4), p.(Phe375Ser). To date, four patients with pathogenic monoallelic variants in PRKACB have been reported, and the condition associated with these variants is referred to as Cardioacrofacial dysplasia-2 (CAFD2, MIM619143). Previously reported features of this condition include congenital heart disease (e.g., atrioventricular septal defect) and postaxial polydactyly, and two of the patients had multiple oral frenula. We suggest that a significant phenotypic overlap exists between CAFD2 and OFD syndrome, in that these patients especially share the features of postaxial polydactyly and multiple oral frenula. The phenotypic similarity between patients with CAFD2 and classic OFD syndrome with an OFD1 variant might be explained by the recent in vitro experimental finding that a protein kinase A subunit encoded by PRKACB directly phosphorylates the OFD1 protein. From the standpoint of genetic counseling, OFD syndrome type1, the prototypic form of OFD, exhibits an X-linked dominant inheritance pattern, whereas other forms of OFD syndrome exhibit an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Recognition of CAFD2 as a differential diagnosis or forme fruste of OFD syndrome suggests that an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance should also be considered during genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Yamada
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisato Suzuki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Futagawa
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Miya
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshihashi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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Langousis G, Cavadini S, Boegholm N, Lorentzen E, Kempf G, Matthias P. Structure of the ciliogenesis-associated CPLANE complex. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn0832. [PMID: 35427153 PMCID: PMC9012472 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn0832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunctional cilia cause pleiotropic human diseases termed ciliopathies. These hereditary maladies are often caused by defects in cilia assembly, a complex event that is regulated by the ciliogenesis and planar polarity effector (CPLANE) proteins Wdpcp, Inturned, and Fuzzy. CPLANE proteins are essential for building the cilium and are mutated in multiple ciliopathies, yet their structure and molecular functions remain elusive. Here, we show that mammalian CPLANE proteins comprise a bona fide complex and report the near-atomic resolution structures of the human Wdpcp-Inturned-Fuzzy complex and of the mouse Wdpcp-Inturned-Fuzzy complex bound to the small guanosine triphosphatase Rsg1. Notably, the crescent-shaped CPLANE complex binds phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate via multiple modules and a CPLANE ciliopathy mutant exhibits aberrant lipid binding. Our study provides critical structural and functional insights into an enigmatic ciliogenesis-associated complex as well as unexpected molecular rationales for ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Langousis
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simone Cavadini
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Niels Boegholm
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10c, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Esben Lorentzen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10c, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Georg Kempf
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Matthias
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Petit C, Cantarovich D, Langs V, Isidor B, Figueres L. [Genetic screening is essential in polycystic kidney disease: It is never too late!]. Nephrol Ther 2022; 18:144-147. [PMID: 35101355 DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In France, numerous patients suffered from chronic kidney disease on polycystic kidney disorder. If PKD1 and PKD2 inactivating mutations are the most prevalent, several other genetic polycystic kidney diseases are responsible for similar kidney features and may be associated with severe extrarenal phenotypes. Genetic analysis in front of a polycystic disorder is not systematic, but is essential to assess the genetic diagnosis, discuss the intensity of treatment (vaptan) and precise the prognostic and the transmission of the phenotype. We detailed the case of a patient with end stage renal disease due to a polycystic kidney disease. Genetic analysis at 70 year of age revealed an oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1. The diagnosis had an important impact in the familial history and to attach the extrarenal phenotype to the syndrome. Our case illustrates that, in front of a polycystic kidney disease (even in aged patients with end stage renal disease) genetic screening is essential, for the propositus and their family and to take care of the extrarenal manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Petit
- Service de néphrologie et d'immunologie clinique, CHU de Nantes, France; CRTI, ITUN, Université de Médecine de Nantes, France
| | - Diego Cantarovich
- Service de néphrologie et d'immunologie clinique, CHU de Nantes, France
| | - Virginie Langs
- Pôle Santé des Olonnes - Association ECHO, Les Sables d'Olonne, France
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes, Université de Médecine de Nantes, France
| | - Lucile Figueres
- Service de néphrologie et d'immunologie clinique, CHU de Nantes, France; CRTI, ITUN, Université de Médecine de Nantes, France.
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23
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Additional findings of tibial dysplasia in a male with orofaciodigital syndrome type XVI. Hum Genome Var 2022; 9:9. [PMID: 35361766 PMCID: PMC8971417 DOI: 10.1038/s41439-022-00187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe the case of a male patient with orofaciodigital (OFD) syndrome type XVI with a homozygous variant of TMEM107 (p.Phe106del) and the additional findings of tibial dysplasia, which is a pivotal finding of OFD syndrome type IV. His family history included two fetuses with anencephaly with or without cleft lip/palate and polydactyly with no genetic information. Careful attention should be given to the interpretation of this rare pattern.
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24
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Bouhouche K, Valentine MS, Le Borgne P, Lemullois M, Yano J, Lodh S, Nabi A, Tassin AM, Van Houten JL. Paramecium, a Model to Study Ciliary Beating and Ciliogenesis: Insights From Cutting-Edge Approaches. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:847908. [PMID: 35359441 PMCID: PMC8964087 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.847908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia are ubiquitous and highly conserved extensions that endow the cell with motility and sensory functions. They were present in the first eukaryotes and conserved throughout evolution (Carvalho-Santos et al., 2011). Paramecium has around 4,000 motile cilia on its surface arranged in longitudinal rows, beating in waves to ensure movement and feeding. As with cilia in other model organisms, direction and speed of Paramecium ciliary beating is under bioelectric control of ciliary ion channels. In multiciliated cells of metazoans as well as paramecia, the cilia become physically entrained to beat in metachronal waves. This ciliated organism, Paramecium, is an attractive model for multidisciplinary approaches to dissect the location, structure and function of ciliary ion channels and other proteins involved in ciliary beating. Swimming behavior also can be a read-out of the role of cilia in sensory signal transduction. A cilium emanates from a BB, structurally equivalent to the centriole anchored at the cell surface, and elongates an axoneme composed of microtubule doublets enclosed in a ciliary membrane contiguous with the plasma membrane. The connection between the BB and the axoneme constitutes the transition zone, which serves as a diffusion barrier between the intracellular space and the cilium, defining the ciliary compartment. Human pathologies affecting cilia structure or function, are called ciliopathies, which are caused by gene mutations. For that reason, the molecular mechanisms and structural aspects of cilia assembly and function are actively studied using a variety of model systems, ranging from unicellular organisms to metazoa. In this review, we will highlight the use of Paramecium as a model to decipher ciliary beating mechanisms as well as high resolution insights into BB structure and anchoring. We will show that study of cilia in Paramecium promotes our understanding of cilia formation and function. In addition, we demonstrate that Paramecium could be a useful tool to validate candidate genes for ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Bouhouche
- CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - P. Le Borgne
- CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M. Lemullois
- CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J. Yano
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - S. Lodh
- Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - A. Nabi
- Luminex, Austin, TX, United States
| | - A. M. Tassin
- CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J. L. Van Houten
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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25
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Pezzella N, Bove G, Tammaro R, Franco B. OFD1: One gene, several disorders. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS. PART C, SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2022; 190:57-71. [PMID: 35112477 PMCID: PMC9303915 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The OFD1 protein is necessary for the formation of primary cilia and left–right asymmetry establishment but additional functions have also been ascribed to this multitask protein. When mutated, this protein results in a variety of phenotypes ranging from multiorgan involvement, such as OFD type I (OFDI) and Joubert syndromes (JBS10), and Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), to the engagement of single tissues such as in the case of retinitis pigmentosa (RP23). The inheritance pattern of these condition differs from X‐linked dominant male‐lethal (OFDI) to X‐linked recessive (JBS10, PCD, and RP23). Distinctive biological peculiarities of the protein, which can contribute to explain the extreme clinical variability and the genetic mechanisms underlying the different disorders are discussed. The extensive spectrum of clinical manifestations observed in OFD1‐mutated patients represents a paradigmatic example of the complexity of genetic diseases. The elucidation of the mechanisms underlying this complexity will expand our comprehension of inherited disorders and will improve the clinical management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunziana Pezzella
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Bove
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Tammaro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Brunella Franco
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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26
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Wallmeier J, Dallmayer M, Omran H. The role of cilia for hydrocephalus formation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS. PART C, SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2022; 190:47-56. [PMID: 35470956 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocephalus is a common finding in newborns. In most cases, it is caused by intraventricular hemorrhage associated with prematurity, whereas in some patients the cause of hydrocephalus can be traced back to genetic changes, associated with disease syndromes such as RASopathies, lysosomal storage diseases, dystroglycanopathies, craniosynostosis but also ciliopathies. Ciliopathies are a group of diseases that can affect multiple organ systems due to dysfunction or the absence of cilia. Cilia are small organelles, extending from the cell surface. Nonmotile monocilia are ubiquitously present during cell development fulfilling chemosensory functions, whereas specialized epithelia such as the ependyma, lining the inner surface of the brain ventricles, exhibit multiciliated cells propelling fluids along the cell surface. This review highlights ciliopathies and their pathophysiology in congenital hydrocephalus. While nonmotile ciliopathies are often associated with severe prenatal hydrocephalus combined with other severe congenital brain malformations, motile ciliopathies, especially those associated with defects in multiciliogenesis can cause hydrocephalus and chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Wallmeier
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Clinic Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marlene Dallmayer
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Clinic Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heymut Omran
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Clinic Muenster, Münster, Germany
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27
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Gana S, Serpieri V, Valente EM. Genotype-phenotype correlates in Joubert syndrome: A review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS. PART C, SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2022; 190:72-88. [PMID: 35238134 PMCID: PMC9314610 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Joubert syndrome (JS) is a genetically heterogeneous primary ciliopathy characterized by a pathognomonic cerebellar and brainstem malformation, the “molar tooth sign,” and variable organ involvement. Over 40 causative genes have been identified to date, explaining up to 94% of cases. To date, gene‐phenotype correlates have been delineated only for a handful of genes, directly translating into improved counseling and clinical care. For instance, JS individuals harboring pathogenic variants in TMEM67 have a significantly higher risk of liver fibrosis, while pathogenic variants in NPHP1, RPGRIP1L, and TMEM237 are frequently associated to JS with renal involvement, requiring a closer monitoring of liver parameters, or renal functioning. On the other hand, individuals with causal variants in the CEP290 or AHI1 need a closer surveillance for retinal dystrophy and, in case of CEP290, also for chronic kidney disease. These examples highlight how an accurate description of the range of clinical symptoms associated with defects in each causative gene, including the rare ones, would better address prognosis and help guiding a personalized management. This review proposes to address this issue by assessing the available literature, to confirm known, as well as to propose rare gene‐phenotype correlates in JS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Gana
- Neurogenetics Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Enza Maria Valente
- Neurogenetics Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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28
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Espinosa AS, Martinez JC, Molina Y, Gordillo MAB, Hernández DR, Rivera DZ, Olmos BP, Ramírez N, Arias L, Zarate A, Diana Marcela Diaz Q, Collins A, Cepeda ÁMH, Balcazar IB. Clinical and Descriptive Study of Orofacial Clefts in Colombia: 2069 Patients From Operation Smile Foundation. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2022; 59:200-208. [PMID: 33736479 PMCID: PMC8750128 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the population of patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) in terms of cleft phenotypes, gender, age, ethnic group, family history, clinical presentation (syndromic vs nonsyndromic), some environmental and behavioral factors, and some clinical features. DESIGN Descriptive retrospective study. SETTING Patients attending the genetics counseling practice in Operation Smile Foundation, Bogotá, Colombia, for over 8 years. PARTICIPANTS No screening was conducted. All patients requiring clinical genetics assessment in Operation Smile Foundation were included in the study. RESULTS Left cleft lip and palate (CLP) and nonsyndromic forms were the most frequent types of malformations in this population. Psychomotor retardation and heart disease were the most frequent comorbidities in these patients. A low proportion of mothers exposed to passive smoking during pregnancy was observed and low birth weight accounted for an important number of cases. Aarskog, velocardiofacial, and orofaciodigital syndromes were the most frequent syndromic forms of CLP in this population. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the most frequent type of CL/P was the nonsyndromic complete left CLP. Aarskog, velocardiofacial, and orofaciodigital syndromes were the most frequent syndromic forms of CL/P in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yubahhaline Molina
- Human Genetics Group, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Nathaly Ramírez
- Human Genetics Group, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Liliana Arias
- Human Genetics Group, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Andres Zarate
- Human Genetics Group, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- Genetic Epidemiology & Genomic Informatics, Southampton
University, Southampton, UK
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29
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Yakar O, Tatar A. INTU-related oral-facial-digital syndrome XVII: Clinical spectrum of a rare disorder. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:590-594. [PMID: 34623732 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral-facial-digital syndromes (OFDSs) as a subgroup of ciliopathies are rare genetic disorders characterized by the association of abnormalities of the face, oral cavity, and extremities. OFDS XVII is a recently described subtype of OFDS that presents with developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, high palate, tongue nodules, brain malformations, cardiac anomaly, polydactyly, renal malformation, and various other findings. OFDS XVII is caused by biallelic variants in INTU gene and is inherited autosomal recessively. Intu is part of the CPLANE protein module that has an essential role in the ciliary transport system and function. INTU pathogenic variants have been reported in two patients with OFDS XVII, in two patients with short-rib thoracic dysplasia-20 with polydactyly (SRTD20), and one with nephronophthisis so far. We report the third family in the literature with OFDS XVII, with urogenital malformations as an additional finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Yakar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdulgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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30
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Verma PK, Bhat NK. Oro-Facial-Digital Syndrome: Unspecified Type with the Spontaneous Fusion of Cleft Palate. Contemp Clin Dent 2021; 12:454-458. [PMID: 35068850 PMCID: PMC8740786 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_754_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oro-facial-digital syndrome (OFD) is a disorder with varied inheritance patterns. They deal mainly with abnormalities of the face, digits, i.e., fingers and toes, and oral cavity. Hypoplasia of nasal alar cartilage, broad nasal bridge, frontal bossing, and micrognathia are the common facial abnormalities observed in its multiple potential forms. Among the oral features, lobulated tongue, multiple frenulae, and cleft lip/palate are the common findings. The subject presented in our case manifested cleft of the hard palate at the time of presentation, along with other diverse features, which could not match any of the defined OFD types in literature. Furthermore, follow-up of the infant observed closure of the palate spontaneously, without any intervention. Hence, the purpose is to add to the knowledge the typical features of this unspecified type of OFD, along with this unique unprompted cleft palate closure, which aroused the need of close watch in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar Verma
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nowneet Kumar Bhat
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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31
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OFD Type I syndrome: lessons learned from a rare ciliopathy. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1929-1939. [PMID: 32897366 DOI: 10.1042/bst20191029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The OFD1 gene was initially identified as the gene responsible for the X-linked dominant male lethal OFD type I syndrome, a developmental disorder ascribed to cilia disfunction. The transcript has been subsequently associated to four different X-linked recessive conditions, namely Joubert syndrome, retinitis pigmentosa, primary ciliary dyskinesia and Simpson-Golabi-Behmel type 2 syndrome. The centrosomal/basal body OFD1 protein has indeed been shown to be required for primary cilia formation and left-right asymmetry. The protein is also involved in other tasks, e.g. regulation of cellular protein content, constrain of the centriolar length, chromatin remodeling at DNA double strand breaks, control of protein quality balance and cell cycle progression, which might be mediated by non-ciliary activities. OFD1 represents a paradigmatic model of a protein that performs its diverse actions according to the cell needs and depending on the subcellular localization, the cell type/tissue and other possible factors still to be determined. An increased number of multitask protein, such as OFD1, may represent a partial explanation to human complexity, as compared with less complex organisms with an equal or slightly lower number of proteins.
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32
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El Mouatani A, Van Winckel G, Zaafrane-Khachnaoui K, Whalen S, Achaiaa A, Kaltenbach S, Superti-Furga A, Vekemans M, Fodstad H, Giuliano F, Attie-Bitach T. Homozygous GLI3 variants observed in three unrelated patients presenting with syndromic polydactyly. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3831-3837. [PMID: 34296525 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Polydactyly is a hallmark of GLI3 pathogenic variants, with Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome and Pallister-Hall syndrome being the two main associated clinical presentations. Homozygous GLI3 variants are rare instances in the literature, and mendelian dominance is the accepted framework for GLI3-related diseases. Herein, we report three unrelated probands, presenting with polydactyly, and homozygous variants in the GLI3 gene. First, a 10-year-old girl, whose parents were first-degree cousins, presented with bilateral postaxial polydactyly of the hands, developmental delay and multiple malformations. Second, a male newborn, whose parents were first-degree cousins, presented with isolated bilateral postaxial polysyndactyly of the hands and the feet. Third, an adult male, whose parents were first-degree cousins, had bilateral mesoaxial polydactyly of the hands, with severe intellectual disability and multiple malformations. All three probands carried homozygous GLI3 variants. Strikingly, the parents also carried the child's variant, in the heterozygous state, without any clinical sign of GLI3 disease. Given the clinical presentation of our patients, the rarity and predicted high pathogenicity of the variants observed, and the absence of other pathogenic variants, we suggest that these GLI3 homozygous variants are causal. Moreover, the parents were heterozygous for the observed variants, but were clinically unremarkable, suggesting that these variants are hypomorphic alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El Mouatani
- Service Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogénétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Géraldine Van Winckel
- Service de Médecine Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Sandra Whalen
- Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Amale Achaiaa
- Service Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogénétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Kaltenbach
- Service Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogénétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Service de Médecine Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Vekemans
- Service Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogénétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Heidi Fodstad
- Service de Médecine Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Giuliano
- Service de Médecine Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tania Attie-Bitach
- Service Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogénétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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33
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Focșa IO, Budișteanu M, Bălgrădean M. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity of primary ciliopathies (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:176. [PMID: 34278440 PMCID: PMC8354309 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies comprise a group of complex disorders, with involvement of the majority of organs and systems. In total, >180 causal genes have been identified and, in addition to Mendelian inheritance, oligogenicity, genetic modifications, epistatic interactions and retrotransposon insertions have all been described when defining the ciliopathic phenotype. It is remarkable how the structural and functional impairment of a single, minuscule organelle may lead to the pathogenesis of highly pleiotropic diseases. Thus, combined efforts have been made to identify the genetic substratum and to determine the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the clinical presentation, in order to diagnose and classify ciliopathies. Yet, predicting the phenotype, given the intricacy of the genetic cause and overlapping clinical characteristics, represents a major challenge. In the future, advances in proteomics, cell biology and model organisms may provide new insights that could remodel the field of ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Ofelia Focșa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', 021901 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Magdalena Budișteanu
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, 'Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia' Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Bălgrădean
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Nephrology, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children 'Maria Skłodowska Curie', 077120 Bucharest, Romania
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34
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Marquez J, Mann N, Arana K, Deniz E, Ji W, Konstantino M, Mis EK, Deshpande C, Jeffries L, McGlynn J, Hugo H, Widmeier E, Konrad M, Tasic V, Morotti R, Baptista J, Ellard S, Lakhani SA, Hildebrandt F, Khokha MK. DLG5 variants are associated with multiple congenital anomalies including ciliopathy phenotypes. J Med Genet 2021; 58:453-464. [PMID: 32631816 PMCID: PMC7785698 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cilia are dynamic cellular extensions that generate and sense signals to orchestrate proper development and tissue homeostasis. They rely on the underlying polarisation of cells to participate in signalling. Cilia dysfunction is a well-known cause of several diseases that affect multiple organ systems including the kidneys, brain, heart, respiratory tract, skeleton and retina. METHODS Among individuals from four unrelated families, we identified variants in discs large 5 (DLG5) that manifested in a variety of pathologies. In our proband, we also examined patient tissues. We depleted dlg5 in Xenopus tropicalis frog embryos to generate a loss-of-function model. Finally, we tested the pathogenicity of DLG5 patient variants through rescue experiments in the frog model. RESULTS Patients with variants of DLG5 were found to have a variety of phenotypes including cystic kidneys, nephrotic syndrome, hydrocephalus, limb abnormalities, congenital heart disease and craniofacial malformations. We also observed a loss of cilia in cystic kidney tissue of our proband. Knockdown of dlg5 in Xenopus embryos recapitulated many of these phenotypes and resulted in a loss of cilia in multiple tissues. Unlike introduction of wildtype DLG5 in frog embryos depleted of dlg5, introduction of DLG5 patient variants was largely ineffective in restoring proper ciliation and tissue morphology in the kidney and brain suggesting that the variants were indeed detrimental to function. CONCLUSION These findings in both patient tissues and Xenopus shed light on how mutations in DLG5 may lead to tissue-specific manifestations of disease. DLG5 is essential for cilia and many of the patient phenotypes are in the ciliopathy spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Marquez
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nina Mann
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathya Arana
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Engin Deniz
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Weizhen Ji
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Monica Konstantino
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Emily K Mis
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Lauren Jeffries
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Julie McGlynn
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hannah Hugo
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eugen Widmeier
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin Konrad
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Velibor Tasic
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Raffaella Morotti
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Julia Baptista
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, College of Medicine and Health, Exeter, UK
| | - Sian Ellard
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, College of Medicine and Health, Exeter, UK
| | - Saquib Ali Lakhani
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mustafa K Khokha
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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35
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Bouhouche K, Le Borgne P, Lemullois M, Tassin AM. [Paramecium, a model organism to study ciliogenesis and ciliopathies]. Med Sci (Paris) 2021; 37:632-638. [PMID: 34180823 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2021087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cilium is a cell extension forming a distinct compartment of eukaryotic cell body with a complex and dynamic structure. This structure is highly conserved across species and ensures various functions as sensory and motility. In humans, ciliary dysfunction results in diseases (ciliopathies) that can affect all organs. Thanks to its complex ciliary structure, the unicellular and ciliated microorganism, Paramecium, constitutes a model of choice not only to study the structure, assembly and function of cilia but also to validate the specific role of mutations of genes linked to the ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Bouhouche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institut de biologie intégrative de la cellule (I2BC), 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierrick Le Borgne
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institut de biologie intégrative de la cellule (I2BC), 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michel Lemullois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institut de biologie intégrative de la cellule (I2BC), 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anne-Marie Tassin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institut de biologie intégrative de la cellule (I2BC), 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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36
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Chang CF, Brown KM, Yang Y, Brugmann SA. Centriolar Protein C2cd3 Is Required for Craniofacial Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:647391. [PMID: 34211969 PMCID: PMC8239364 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.647391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a ubiquitous, microtubule-based cellular organelle. Primary cilia dysfunction results in a group of disorders termed ciliopathies. C2 domain containing 3 centriole elongation regulator (C2cd3), encodes a centriolar protein essential for ciliogenesis. Mutations in human C2CD3 are associated with the human ciliopathy Oral-Facial-Digital syndrome type 14 (OFD14). In order to better understand the etiology of ciliopathies including OFD14, we generated numerous murine models targeting C2cd3. Initial analysis revealed several tissue-specific isoforms of C2cd3, and while the loss of C2cd3 has previously been reported to result in exencephaly, tight mesencephalic flexure, pericardial edema, abnormal heart looping and a twisted body axis, further analysis revealed that genetic background may also contribute to phenotypic variation. Additional analyses of a conditional allelic series targeting C-terminal PKC-C2 domains or the N-terminal C2CD3N-C2 domain of C2cd3 revealed a variable degree of phenotypic severity, suggesting that while the N-terminal C2CD3N-C2 domain was critical for early embryonic development as a whole, there was also a craniofacial specific role for the C2CD3N-C2 domains. Together, through generation of novel models and evaluation of C2cd3 expression, these data provide valuable insight into mechanisms of pathology for craniofacial ciliopathies that can be further explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Fang Chang
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Kari M Brown
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Yanfen Yang
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Samantha A Brugmann
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Shriners Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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37
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Strong A, Simone L, Krentz A, Vaccaro C, Watson D, Ron H, Kalish JM, Pedro HF, Zackai EH, Hakonarson H. Expanding the genetic landscape of oral-facial-digital syndrome with two novel genes. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2409-2416. [PMID: 34132027 PMCID: PMC8361718 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral‐facial‐digital syndromes (OFDS) are a heterogeneous and rare group of Mendelian disorders characterized by developmental abnormalities of the oral cavity, face, and digits caused by dysfunction of the primary cilium, a mechanosensory organelle that exists atop most cell types that facilitates organ patterning and growth. OFDS is inherited both in an X‐linked dominant, X‐linked recessive, and autosomal recessive manner. Importantly, though many of the causal genes for OFDS have been identified, up to 40% of OFD syndromes are of unknown genetic basis. Here we describe three children with classical presentations of OFDS including lingual hamartomas, polydactyly, and characteristic facial features found by exome sequencing to harbor variants in causal genes not previously associated with OFDS. We describe a female with hypothalamic hamartoma, urogenital sinus, polysyndactyly, and multiple lingual hamartomas consistent with OFDVI with biallelic pathogenic variants in CEP164, a gene associated with ciliopathy‐spectrum disease, but never before with OFDS. We additionally describe two unrelated probands with postaxial polydactyly, multiple lingual hamartomas, and dysmorphic features both found to be homozygous for an identical TOPORS missense variant, c.29 C>A; (p.Pro10Gln). Heterozygous TOPORS pathogenic gene variants are associated with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, but never before with syndromic ciliopathy. Of note, both probands are of Dominican ancestry, suggesting a possible founder allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Strong
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laurie Simone
- Center for Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Courtney Vaccaro
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Deborah Watson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hayley Ron
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Helio F Pedro
- Center for Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA
| | - Elaine H Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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38
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Senatore E, Chiuso F, Rinaldi L, Intartaglia D, Delle Donne R, Pedone E, Catalanotti B, Pirone L, Fiorillo B, Moraca F, Giamundo G, Scala G, Raffeiner A, Torres-Quesada O, Stefan E, Kwiatkowski M, van Pijkeren A, Morleo M, Franco B, Garbi C, Conte I, Feliciello A. The TBC1D31/praja2 complex controls primary ciliogenesis through PKA-directed OFD1 ubiquitylation. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106503. [PMID: 33934390 PMCID: PMC8126939 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a microtubule‐based sensory organelle that dynamically links signalling pathways to cell differentiation, growth, and development. Genetic defects of primary cilia are responsible for genetic disorders known as ciliopathies. Orofacial digital type I syndrome (OFDI) is an X‐linked congenital ciliopathy caused by mutations in the OFD1 gene and characterized by malformations of the face, oral cavity, digits and, in the majority of cases, polycystic kidney disease. OFD1 plays a key role in cilium biogenesis. However, the impact of signalling pathways and the role of the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS) in the control of OFD1 stability remain unknown. Here, we identify a novel complex assembled at centrosomes by TBC1D31, including the E3 ubiquitin ligase praja2, protein kinase A (PKA), and OFD1. We show that TBC1D31 is essential for ciliogenesis. Mechanistically, upon G‐protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR)‐cAMP stimulation, PKA phosphorylates OFD1 at ser735, thus promoting OFD1 proteolysis through the praja2‐UPS circuitry. This pathway is essential for ciliogenesis. In addition, a non‐phosphorylatable OFD1 mutant dramatically affects cilium morphology and dynamics. Consistent with a role of the TBC1D31/praja2/OFD1 axis in ciliogenesis, alteration of this molecular network impairs ciliogenesis in vivo in Medaka fish, resulting in developmental defects. Our findings reveal a multifunctional transduction unit at the centrosome that links GPCR signalling to ubiquitylation and proteolysis of the ciliopathy protein OFD1, with important implications on cilium biology and development. Derangement of this control mechanism may underpin human genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Senatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Chiuso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Rossella Delle Donne
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Pedone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Luciano Pirone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Fiorillo
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Moraca
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Net4Science srl, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Scala
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Raffeiner
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Omar Torres-Quesada
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eduard Stefan
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Manuela Morleo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Science, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Corrado Garbi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ivan Conte
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Feliciello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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39
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Drew K, Wallingford JB, Marcotte EM. hu.MAP 2.0: integration of over 15,000 proteomic experiments builds a global compendium of human multiprotein assemblies. Mol Syst Biol 2021; 17:e10016. [PMID: 33973408 PMCID: PMC8111494 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A general principle of biology is the self-assembly of proteins into functional complexes. Characterizing their composition is, therefore, required for our understanding of cellular functions. Unfortunately, we lack knowledge of the comprehensive set of identities of protein complexes in human cells. To address this gap, we developed a machine learning framework to identify protein complexes in over 15,000 mass spectrometry experiments which resulted in the identification of nearly 7,000 physical assemblies. We show our resource, hu.MAP 2.0, is more accurate and comprehensive than previous state of the art high-throughput protein complex resources and gives rise to many new hypotheses, including for 274 completely uncharacterized proteins. Further, we identify 253 promiscuous proteins that participate in multiple complexes pointing to possible moonlighting roles. We have made hu.MAP 2.0 easily searchable in a web interface (http://humap2.proteincomplexes.org/), which will be a valuable resource for researchers across a broad range of interests including systems biology, structural biology, and molecular explanations of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Drew
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesCenter for Systems and Synthetic BiologyUniversity of TexasAustinTXUSA
- Present address:
Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - John B Wallingford
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesCenter for Systems and Synthetic BiologyUniversity of TexasAustinTXUSA
| | - Edward M Marcotte
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesCenter for Systems and Synthetic BiologyUniversity of TexasAustinTXUSA
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40
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Erickson RP. Autosomal recessive diseases among the Athabaskans of the southwestern United States: anthropological, medical, and scientific aspects. J Appl Genet 2021; 62:445-453. [PMID: 33880741 PMCID: PMC8057858 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-021-00630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The peopling of the Americas by Native Americans occurred in 4 waves of which the last was Nadene language speakers of whom Athabaskans are the largest group. As the Europeans were entering the Southwestern states of the USA, Athabaskan hunting-gathering tribes were migrating South from Canada along the Rocky Mountains and undergoing potential bottlenecks reflected in autosomal recessive diseases shared by Apaches and Navajos. About 300 years ago, the Navajo developing a sedentary culture learned from Pueblo Indians while the Apache remained hunter-gathers. Although most of the tribe was rounded up and forced to relocate to Bosque Redondo, the adult breeding population was large enough to prevent a genetic bottleneck. However, some Navajo underwent further population bottlenecks while hiding from the brutal US Army action (under Kit Carson’s guidance). This led to an increased frequency of other autosomal recessive diseases. Recent advances in population genetics, pathophysiology of the diseases, and social/ethical issues concerning their study are reviewed.
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41
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Hammarsjö A, Pettersson M, Chitayat D, Handa A, Anderlid BM, Bartocci M, Basel D, Batkovskyte D, Beleza-Meireles A, Conner P, Eisfeldt J, Girisha KM, Chung BHY, Horemuzova E, Hyodo H, Korņejeva L, Lagerstedt-Robinson K, Lin AE, Magnusson M, Moosa S, Nayak SS, Nilsson D, Ohashi H, Ohashi-Fukuda N, Stranneheim H, Taylan F, Traberg R, Voss U, Wirta V, Nordgren A, Nishimura G, Lindstrand A, Grigelioniene G. High diagnostic yield in skeletal ciliopathies using massively parallel genome sequencing, structural variant screening and RNA analyses. J Hum Genet 2021; 66:995-1008. [PMID: 33875766 PMCID: PMC8472897 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal ciliopathies are a heterogenous group of disorders with overlapping clinical and radiographic features including bone dysplasia and internal abnormalities. To date, pathogenic variants in at least 30 genes, coding for different structural cilia proteins, are reported to cause skeletal ciliopathies. Here, we summarize genetic and phenotypic features of 34 affected individuals from 29 families with skeletal ciliopathies. Molecular diagnostic testing was performed using massively parallel sequencing (MPS) in combination with copy number variant (CNV) analyses and in silico filtering for variants in known skeletal ciliopathy genes. We identified biallelic disease-causing variants in seven genes: DYNC2H1, KIAA0753, WDR19, C2CD3, TTC21B, EVC, and EVC2. Four variants located in non-canonical splice sites of DYNC2H1, EVC, and KIAA0753 led to aberrant splicing that was shown by sequencing of cDNA. Furthermore, CNV analyses showed an intragenic deletion of DYNC2H1 in one individual and a 6.7 Mb de novo deletion on chromosome 1q24q25 in another. In five unsolved cases, MPS was performed in family setting. In one proband we identified a de novo variant in PRKACA and in another we found a homozygous intragenic deletion of IFT74, removing the first coding exon and leading to expression of a shorter message predicted to result in loss of 40 amino acids at the N-terminus. These findings establish IFT74 as a new skeletal ciliopathy gene. In conclusion, combined single nucleotide variant, CNV and cDNA analyses lead to a high yield of genetic diagnoses (90%) in a cohort of patients with skeletal ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hammarsjö
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Maria Pettersson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Chitayat
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Atsuhiko Handa
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Britt-Marie Anderlid
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Bartocci
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Neonatology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Donald Basel
- Division of Medical Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Dominyka Batkovskyte
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Beleza-Meireles
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Peter Conner
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Eisfeldt
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Brian Hon-Yin Chung
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong and Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eva Horemuzova
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hironobu Hyodo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Kotobashi, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Liene Korņejeva
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostics, Riga Maternity Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristina Lagerstedt-Robinson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angela E Lin
- Medical Genetics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Måns Magnusson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shahida Moosa
- Medical Genetics, Tygerberg Hospital and Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Shalini S Nayak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Daniel Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hirofumi Ohashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoko Ohashi-Fukuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Kotobashi, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Henrik Stranneheim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rasa Traberg
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ulrika Voss
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valtteri Wirta
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Imaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anna Lindstrand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giedre Grigelioniene
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Sánchez-Bellver L, Toulis V, Marfany G. On the Wrong Track: Alterations of Ciliary Transport in Inherited Retinal Dystrophies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:623734. [PMID: 33748110 PMCID: PMC7973215 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.623734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies are a group of heterogeneous inherited disorders associated with dysfunction of the cilium, a ubiquitous microtubule-based organelle involved in a broad range of cellular functions. Most ciliopathies are syndromic, since several organs whose cells produce a cilium, such as the retina, cochlea or kidney, are affected by mutations in ciliary-related genes. In the retina, photoreceptor cells present a highly specialized neurosensory cilium, the outer segment, stacked with membranous disks where photoreception and phototransduction occurs. The daily renewal of the more distal disks is a unique characteristic of photoreceptor outer segments, resulting in an elevated protein demand. All components necessary for outer segment formation, maintenance and function have to be transported from the photoreceptor inner segment, where synthesis occurs, to the cilium. Therefore, efficient transport of selected proteins is critical for photoreceptor ciliogenesis and function, and any alteration in either cargo delivery to the cilium or intraciliary trafficking compromises photoreceptor survival and leads to retinal degeneration. To date, mutations in more than 100 ciliary genes have been associated with retinal dystrophies, accounting for almost 25% of these inherited rare diseases. Interestingly, not all mutations in ciliary genes that cause retinal degeneration are also involved in pleiotropic pathologies in other ciliated organs. Depending on the mutation, the same gene can cause syndromic or non-syndromic retinopathies, thus emphasizing the highly refined specialization of the photoreceptor neurosensory cilia, and raising the possibility of photoreceptor-specific molecular mechanisms underlying common ciliary functions such as ciliary transport. In this review, we will focus on ciliary transport in photoreceptor cells and discuss the molecular complexity underpinning retinal ciliopathies, with a special emphasis on ciliary genes that, when mutated, cause either syndromic or non-syndromic retinal ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sánchez-Bellver
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB-IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vasileios Toulis
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER, ISCIII, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Marfany
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB-IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER, ISCIII, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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43
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Wang L, Zhou ZY, Zhang T, Zhang L, Hou X, Yan H, Wang L. IRLnc: a novel functional noncoding RNA contributes to intramuscular fat deposition. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:95. [PMID: 33522899 PMCID: PMC7849149 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07349-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intramuscular fat (IMF) is associated with meat quality and insulin resistance in animals. Research on genetic mechanism of IMF decomposition has positive meaning to pork quality and diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes treatment. In this study, an IMF trait segregation population was used to perform RNA sequencing and to analyze the joint or independent effects of genes and long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) on IMF. Results A total of 26 genes including six lincRNA genes show significantly different expression between high- and low-IMF pigs. Interesting, one lincRNA gene, named IMF related lincRNA (IRLnc) not only has a 292-bp conserved region in 100 vertebrates but also has conserved up and down stream genes (< 10 kb) in pig and humans. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validation study indicated that nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) which located at the downstream of IRLnc has similar expression pattern with IRLnc. RNAi-mediated loss of function screens identified that IRLnc silencing could inhibit both of the RNA and protein expression of NR4A3. And the in-situ hybridization co-expression experiment indicates that IRLnc may directly binding to NR4A3. As the NR4A3 could regulate the catecholamine catabolism, which could affect insulin sensitivity, we inferred that IRLnc influence IMF decomposition by regulating the expression of NR4A3. Conclusions In conclusion, a novel functional noncoding variation named IRLnc has been found contribute to IMF by regulating the expression of NR4A3. These findings suggest novel mechanistic approach for treatment of insulin resistance in human beings and meat quality improvement in animal. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07349-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Longchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinhua Hou
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lixian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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44
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Centrosome dysfunction in human diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 110:113-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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45
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Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome :A Case Report. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BASIC RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/jcbr.5.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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46
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Wang T, Liu YX, Luo FM, Dong Y, Li YL, Fan LL. A Novel Homozygous Variant of TMEM231 in a Case With Hypoplasia of the Cerebellar Vermis and Polydactyly. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:774575. [PMID: 34912761 PMCID: PMC8666876 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.774575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Transmembrane protein 231 (TMEM231) is a component of the B9 complex that participates in the formation of the diffusion barrier between the cilia and plasma membrane. Mutations in TMEM231 gene may contribute to the Joubert syndrome (JBTS) or Meckel-Gruber syndrome (MKS). However, reports on JBTS or MKS caused by TMEM231 mutations are comparatively rare. Method: We describe a Chinese fetus with unexplained hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis and polydactyly, detected by ultrasound imaging. The fetus was primarily diagnosed with JBTS/MKS. The parents of this fetus were non-consanguineous and healthy. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics strategies were employed to explore the genetic lesion of this family. Results: An unknown missense variant (c.19C>T;p.R7W) of TMEM231 gene was detected. The variant was predicted as pathogenic and was absent in our 200 healthy controls. Conclusion: WES was employed to explore the genetic lesion of a fetus with unexplained hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis and polydactyly. A novel variant in TMEM231 gene was identified. Our study not only provided data for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis to this family but also broadened the spectrum of TMEM231 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Departments of Reproductive Genetics, HeBei General Hospital, ShiJiaZhuang, China
| | - Yu-Xing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang-Mei Luo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ya-Li Li
- Departments of Reproductive Genetics, HeBei General Hospital, ShiJiaZhuang, China
| | - Liang-Liang Fan
- Departments of Reproductive Genetics, HeBei General Hospital, ShiJiaZhuang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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47
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Malekianzadeh B, Vosoughi F, Zargarbashi R. Orofaciodigital syndrome type II (Mohr syndrome): a case report. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:793. [PMID: 33256699 PMCID: PMC7702708 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03825-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Orofacial digital syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with oral cavity, facial and digits anomalies. Orofacial digital syndrome type II, also called the “Mohr syndrome” is a very rare subtype that has been reported scarcely in Asia especially in Japanese patients. Case presentation The case is an Iranian 5-year old girl who had been admitted for orthopedic surgery. She surprisingly had pre and postaxial polydactyly of all the four limbs concurrent with syndromic face and most of the features of Orofaciodigital syndrome type II. Conclusion Mohr syndrome, anesthesia and surgical considerations are discussed in this case report. It is recommended to consider these considerations and the possibility of OFDS in every child with pre and postaxial polydactyly of the four limbs and to try to distinguish type II from other types of ODFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Malekianzadeh
- Anesthesiology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardis Vosoughi
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Shariati Hospital and School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Zargarbashi
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Xu H, Dun S, Gao Y, Ming J, Hui L, Qiu X. TMEM107 inhibits EMT and invasion of NSCLC through regulating the Hedgehog pathway. Thorac Cancer 2020; 12:79-89. [PMID: 33124203 PMCID: PMC7779196 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transmembrane protein 107 (TMEM107) is a key regulator of the cilium composition and Hedgehog signaling. Lower TMEM107 gene copies are correlated with poor prognosis in non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). However, TMEM107 protein expression, localization, and function in NSCLC remain unclear. Methods We first evaluated TMEM107 expression in 12 newly diagnosed cases of NSCLC and paired adjacent healthy tissues by western blotting. We then used an immunohistochemical method to detect TMEM107 expression in 106 paraffin‐embedded NSCLC and corresponding normal samples and analyzed its relationship with clinicopathological parameters. Moreover, we determined the impact of TMEM107 upregulation and downregulation on invasion, EMT and Hedgehog pathway in NSCLC cells. Results Our results showed that TMEM107 is localized in the cytoplasm and that its expression was lower in NSCLC. TMEM107 expression was positively correlated with cell differentiation and negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis. In A549 and HCC460 cells, downregulation of TMEM107 facilitated cell invasion and upregulated the expression of the Hedgehog pathway target protein Gli1, invasion‐associated proteins N‐cadherin, vimentin, MMP2, and MMP9, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), and inhibited the expression of E‐cadherin. Treatment with the Hedgehog pathway inhibitor GANT61 attenuated TMEM107‐knockdown–induced EMT and invasiveness. Conclusions These results indicate that TMEM107 inhibits EMT and invasion by negatively regulating Hedgehog signaling and that it is downregulated in NSCLC. Key points TMEM107 expression is lower in NSCLC tissues and correlates with poor prognosis TMEM107 inhibits invasion of NSCLC cells TMEM107 inhibits EMT of NSCLC cells Downregulation of TMEM107 activates the Hedgehog signaling pathway Downregulation of TMEM107 promotes EMT and migration in NSCLC by activating the Hedgehog signaling pathway
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Xu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Song Dun
- Health Team of PLA 96853, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Ming
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Linping Hui
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueshan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Tsao AL, Sperati CJ. Cystic Kidneys in a Patient with Craniofacial Abnormalities. KIDNEY360 2020; 1:882-883. [PMID: 35372955 PMCID: PMC8815731 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0001332020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Allison L. Tsao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - C. John Sperati
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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50
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Etchegaray A, Juarez-Peñalva S, Petracchi F, Igarzabal L. Prenatal genetic considerations in congenital ventriculomegaly and hydrocephalus. Childs Nerv Syst 2020; 36:1645-1660. [PMID: 32006096 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-04526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal ventriculomegaly (VM) is a frequent finding in prenatal ultrasound. Rather than a proper diagnosis, VM is a sonographic sign, making prenatal counseling a complex and challenging undertaking. VM can range from severe pathologic processes leading to severe neurodevelopmental delay to normal variants. DISCUSSION A growing number of genetic conditions with different pathophysiological mechanisms, inheritance patterns, and long-term prognosis have been associated both to isolated and complex fetal VM. These include chromosomal abnormalities, copy number variants, and several single gene diseases. In this review, we describe some of the most common genetic conditions associated with fetal VM and provide a simplified diagnostic workflow for the clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Etchegaray
- Unidad de Medicina Fetal, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Sofia Juarez-Peñalva
- Unidad de Medicina Fetal, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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