1
|
Duzenli T, Uysal BS, Ulas B, Kayhan G. Geleophysic dysplasia and Weill-Marchesani syndrome: ADAMTSL2 a possible common gene. Ophthalmic Genet 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39044700 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2024.2358973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geleophysic dysplasia (GD) and Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) are two rare genetic disorders that are classified as acromelic dysplasias and have many common features that overlap clinically and genetically in some patients. Both diseases are characterized by acromelic features, including short stature, brachydactyly, joint limitations, and cardiac involvement. WMS is distinguished from GD mainly by ocular abnormalities, including high myopia, microspherophakia, ectopia lentis, and glaucoma and the absence of the life-threatening airway stenosis and early lethality. These two syndromes are allelic diseases of the FBN1 gene, with the gene families including A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) and latent transforming growth factor-beta-binding protein (LTBP). Although the ADAMTSL2 gene has been associated only with GD within the acromelic dysplasias, there have been reports of patients with ADAMTSL2-related GD exhibiting ocular abnormalities that resemble WMS. METHODS AND RESULTS We present a 24-year-old female patient with microspherophakia, ectopia lentis, myopia, short stature, joint stiffness, thick skin, short hands and feet, and cardiac valve disease consistent with WMS. The virtual panel analysis, including WMS and GD-related genes, revealed a homozygous c.493 G>A (p.Ala165Thr) variant in the ADAMTSL2 gene (NM_014694.4), which has been previously reported in a geleophysic dysplasia patient. CONCLUSIONS Mounting evidence suggests that GD and WMS may be allelic diseases of the ADAMTSL2 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Duzenli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betul Seher Uysal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkay Ulas
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulsum Kayhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Han D, Wang Z, Chen X, Liu Z, Yang Z, Chen Y, Tian P, Li J, Wang Z. Targeted next-generation sequencing reveals the genetic mechanism of Chinese Marfan syndrome cohort with ocular manifestation. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2482. [PMID: 38958168 PMCID: PMC11220501 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder involving multiple systems, including ophthalmologic abnormalities. Most cases are due to heterozygous mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1). Other associated genes include LTBP2, MYH11, MYLK, and SLC2A10. There is significant clinical overlap between MFS and other Marfan-like disorders. PURPOSE To expand the mutation spectrum of FBN1 gene and validate the pathogenicity of Marfan-related genes in patients with MFS and ocular manifestations. METHODS We recruited 318 participants (195 cases, 123 controls), including 59 sporadic cases and 88 families. All patients had comprehensive ophthalmic examinations showing ocular features of MFS and met Ghent criteria. Additionally, 754 cases with other eye diseases were recruited. Panel-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) screened mutations in 792 genes related to inherited eye diseases. RESULTS We detected 181 mutations with an 84.7% detection rate in sporadic cases and 87.5% in familial cases. The overall detection rate was 86.4%, with FBN1 accounting for 74.8%. In cases without FBN1 mutations, 23 mutations from seven Marfan-related genes were identified, including four pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations in LTBP2. The 181 mutations included 165 missenses, 10 splicings, three frameshifts, and three nonsenses. FBN1 accounted for 53.0% of mutations. The most prevalent pathogenic mutation was FBN1 c.4096G>A. Additionally, 94 novel mutations were detected, with 13 de novo mutations in 14 families. CONCLUSION We expanded the mutation spectrum of the FBN1 gene and provided evidence for the pathogenicity of other Marfan-related genes. Variants in LTBP2 may contribute to the ocular manifestations in MFS, underscoring its role in phenotypic diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Han
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ziwei Wang
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zijia Liu
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yixi Chen
- School of Biology and Biological EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Peiyi Tian
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jiankang Li
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenChina
- He UniversityShenyangChina
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bai Y, Sun Y, Yu C, Xia Y, Wu J, Wang L, Gao Y, Tu X, Kong X. Causative role of a novel intronic indel variant in FBN1 and maternal germinal mosaicism in Marfan syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:209. [PMID: 38773661 PMCID: PMC11110283 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03139-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disease with wide clinical heterogeneity, and mainly caused by pathogenic variants in fibrillin-1 (FBN1). METHODS A Chinese 4-generation MFS pedigree with 16 family members was recruited and exome sequencing (ES) was performed in the proband. Transcript analysis (patient RNA and minigene assays) and in silico structural analysis were used to determine the pathogenicity of the variant. In addition, germline mosaicism in family member (Ι:1) was assessed using quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) and short tandem repeat PCR (STR) analyses. RESULTS Two cis-compound benign intronic variants of FBN1 (c.3464-4 A > G and c.3464-5G > A) were identified in the proband by ES. As a compound variant, c.3464-5_3464-4delGAinsAG was found to be pathogenic and co-segregated with MFS. RNA studies indicated that aberrant transcripts were found only in patients and mutant-type clones. The variant c.3464-5_3464-4delGAinsAG caused erroneous integration of a 3 bp sequence into intron 28 and resulted in the insertion of one amino acid in the protein sequence (p.Ile1154_Asp1155insAla). Structural analyses suggested that p.Ile1154_Asp1155insAla affected the protein's secondary structure by interfering with one disulfide bond between Cys1140 and Cys1153 and causing the extension of an anti-parallel β sheet in the calcium-binding epidermal growth factor-like (cbEGF)13 domain. In addition, the asymptomatic family member Ι:1 was deduced to be a gonadal mosaic as assessed by inconsistent results of sequencing and STR analysis. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, FBN1 c.3464-5_3464-4delGAinsAG is the first identified pathogenic intronic indel variant affecting non-canonical splice sites in this gene. Our study reinforces the importance of assessing the pathogenic role of intronic variants at the mRNA level, with structural analysis, and the occurrence of mosaicism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chenguang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanjie Xia
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Li Wang
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yong Gao
- BGI-Wuhan, BGI-Shenzhen, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xin Tu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arnaud P, Mougin Z, Baujat G, Drouin-Garraud V, El Chehadeh S, Gouya L, Odent S, Jondeau G, Boileau C, Hanna N, Le Goff C. Pathogenic variants affecting the TB5 domain of the fibrillin-1 protein: not only in geleophysic/acromicric dysplasias but also in Marfan syndrome. J Med Genet 2024; 61:469-476. [PMID: 38458756 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a multisystem disease with a unique combination of skeletal, cardiovascular and ocular features. Geleophysic/acromicric dysplasias (GPHYSD/ACMICD), characterised by short stature and extremities, are described as 'the mirror image' of MFS. The numerous FBN1 pathogenic variants identified in MFS are located all along the gene and lead to the same final pathogenic sequence. Conversely, in GPHYSD/ACMICD, the 28 known heterozygous FBN1 pathogenic variants all affect exons 41-42 encoding TGFβ-binding protein-like domain 5 (TB5). METHODS Since 1996, more than 5000 consecutive probands have been referred nationwide to our laboratory for molecular diagnosis of suspected MFS. RESULTS We identified five MFS probands carrying distinct heterozygous pathogenic in-frame variants affecting the TB5 domain of FBN1. The clinical data showed that the probands displayed a classical form of MFS. Strikingly, one missense variant affects an amino acid that was previously involved in GPHYSD. CONCLUSION Surprisingly, pathogenic variants in the TB5 domain of FBN1 can lead to two opposite phenotypes: GPHYSD/ACMICD and MFS, suggesting the existence of different pathogenic sequences with the involvement of tissue specificity. Further functional studies are ongoing to determine the precise role of this domain in the physiopathology of each disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Arnaud
- Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- U1148 LVTS, INSERM, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Syndrome de Marfan et apparentés, Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | | | - Genevieve Baujat
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | | | - Salima El Chehadeh
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital de Hautepierre, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Grand Est, France
| | - Laurent Gouya
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Syndrome de Marfan et apparentés, Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Service de Génétique Clinique, CLAD Ouest, CHU Rennes, Rennes, Bretagne, France
- UMR 6290, IGDR, Rennes, Bretagne, France
| | - Guillaume Jondeau
- U1148 LVTS, INSERM, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Syndrome de Marfan et apparentés, Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Catherine Boileau
- Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- U1148 LVTS, INSERM, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Nadine Hanna
- Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- U1148 LVTS, INSERM, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Syndrome de Marfan et apparentés, Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marzin P, Rondeau S, Alessandri JL, Dieterich K, le Goff C, Mahaut C, Mercier S, Michot C, Moldovan O, Miolo G, Rossi M, Van-Gils J, Francannet C, Robert MP, Jaïs JP, Huber C, Cormier-Daire V. Weill-Marchesani syndrome: natural history and genotype-phenotype correlations from 18 news cases and review of literature. J Med Genet 2024; 61:109-116. [PMID: 37734846 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) belongs to the group of acromelic dysplasias, defined by short stature, brachydactyly and joint limitations. WMS is characterised by specific ophthalmological abnormalities, although cardiovascular defects have also been reported. Monoallelic variations in FBN1 are associated with a dominant form of WMS, while biallelic variations in ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17 and LTBP2 are responsible for a recessive form of WMS. OBJECTIVE Natural history description of WMS and genotype-phenotype correlation establishment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective multicentre study and literature review. INCLUSION CRITERIA clinical diagnosis of WMS with identified pathogenic variants. RESULTS 61 patients were included: 18 individuals from our cohort and 43 patients from literature. 21 had variants in ADAMTS17, 19 in FBN1, 19 in ADAMTS10 and 2 in LTBP2. All individuals presented with eye anomalies, mainly spherophakia (42/61) and ectopia lentis (39/61). Short stature was present in 73% (from -2.2 to -5.5 SD), 10/61 individuals had valvulopathy. Regarding FBN1 variants, patients with a variant located in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-binding protein-like domain 5 (TB5) domain were significantly smaller than patients with FBN1 variant outside TB5 domain (p=0.0040). CONCLUSION Apart from the ophthalmological findings, which are mandatory for the diagnosis, the phenotype of WMS seems to be more variable than initially described, partially explained by genotype-phenotype correlation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Marzin
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Osseuses Constitutionnelles, Fédération de médecine génomique des maladies rares, APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, F-75 015, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Rondeau
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Osseuses Constitutionnelles, Fédération de médecine génomique des maladies rares, APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, F-75 015, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Alessandri
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de la Réunion - Hôpital Félix Guyon, Bellepierre, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
| | - Klaus Dieterich
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1209, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Medical Genetics, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Carine le Goff
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Clémentine Mahaut
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, F-75 015, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Mercier
- Service de génétique médicale - Unité de Génétique clinique, CHU de Nantes - Hôtel Dieu, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Caroline Michot
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Osseuses Constitutionnelles, Fédération de médecine génomique des maladies rares, APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, F-75 015, Paris, France
| | - Oana Moldovan
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gianmaria Miolo
- : S.S.D. di Citogenetica e Genetica Molecolare, Dipartimento di Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria degli Angeli, Via Montereale 24, 33170 Porderone, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Rossi
- Service de génétique, Hospices Civils de Lyon ; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GENDEV Team, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Julien Van-Gils
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndrome Malformatifs, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christine Francannet
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 1 place lucie et raymond Aubrac, 63003 Clermont-fd cedex 1, France
| | - Matthieu P Robert
- Service d'ophtalmologie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - enfants malades, Paris, France
- Borelli Centre, UMR 9010 CNRS-SSA-ENS Paris Saclay-Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Jaïs
- Biostatistic Unit, Necker University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Human genetics of infectious diseases: Complex predisposition, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France
| | - Céline Huber
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, F-75 015, Paris, France
| | - Valerie Cormier-Daire
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Osseuses Constitutionnelles, Fédération de médecine génomique des maladies rares, APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, F-75 015, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Summers KM. Genetic models of fibrillinopathies. Genetics 2024; 226:iyad189. [PMID: 37972149 PMCID: PMC11021029 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibrillinopathies represent a group of diseases in which the 10-12 nm extracellular microfibrils are disrupted by genetic variants in one of the genes encoding fibrillin molecules, large glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. The best-known fibrillinopathy is Marfan syndrome, an autosomal dominant condition affecting the cardiovascular, ocular, skeletal, and other systems, with a prevalence of around 1 in 3,000 across all ethnic groups. It is caused by variants of the FBN1 gene, encoding fibrillin-1, which interacts with elastin to provide strength and elasticity to connective tissues. A number of mouse models have been created in an attempt to replicate the human phenotype, although all have limitations. There are also natural bovine models and engineered models in pig and rabbit. Variants in FBN2 encoding fibrillin-2 cause congenital contractural arachnodactyly and mouse models for this condition have also been produced. In most animals, including birds, reptiles, and amphibians, there is a third fibrillin, fibrillin-3 (FBN3 gene) for which the creation of models has been difficult as the gene is degenerate and nonfunctional in mice and rats. Other eukaryotes such as the nematode C. elegans and zebrafish D. rerio have a gene with some homology to fibrillins and models have been used to discover more about the function of this family of proteins. This review looks at the phenotype, inheritance, and relevance of the various animal models for the different fibrillinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saracino AM, Kelberman D, Otto GW, Gagunashvili A, Abraham DJ, Denton CP. Unravelling morphoea aetiopathogenesis by next-generation sequencing of paired skin biopsies. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:2035-2056. [PMID: 36912952 PMCID: PMC10366313 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphoea can have a significant disease burden. Aetiopathogenesis remains poorly understood, with very limited existing genetic studies. Linear morphoea (LM) may follow Blascho's lines of epidermal development, providing potential pathogenic clues. OBJECTIVE The first objective of this study was to identify the presence of primary somatic epidermal mosaicism in LM. The second objective was tTo explore differential gene expression in morphoea epidermis and dermis to identify potential pathogenic molecular pathways and tissue layer cross-talk. METHODOLOGY Skin biopsies from paired affected and contralateral unaffected skin were taken from 16 patients with LM. Epidermis and dermis were isolated using a 2-step chemical-physical separation protocol. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS; n = 4 epidermal) and RNA-seq (n = 5-epidermal, n = 5-dermal) with gene expression analysis via GSEA-MSigDBv6.3 and PANTHER-v14.1 pathway analyses, were performed. RTqPCR and immunohistochemistry were used to replicate key results. RESULTS Sixteen participants (93.8% female, mean age 27.7 yrs disease-onset) were included. Epidermal WGS identified no single affected gene or SNV. However, many potential disease-relevant pathogenic variants were present, including ADAMTSL1 and ADAMTS16. A highly proliferative, inflammatory and profibrotic epidermis was seen, with significantly-overexpressed TNFα-via-NFkB, TGFβ, IL6/JAKSTAT and IFN-signaling, apoptosis, p53 and KRAS-responses. Upregulated IFI27 and downregulated LAMA4 potentially represent initiating epidermal 'damage' signals and enhanced epidermal-dermal communication. Morphoea dermis exhibited significant profibrotic, B-cell and IFN-signatures, and upregulated morphogenic patterning pathways such as Wnt. CONCLUSION This study supports the absence of somatic epidermal mosaicism in LM, and identifies potential disease-driving epidermal mechanisms, epidermal-dermal interactions and disease-specific dermal differential-gene-expression in morphoea. We propose a potential molecular narrative for morphoea aetiopathogenesis which could help guide future targeted studies and therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Saracino
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissues Diseases, University College London, London, UK.
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
- Melbourne Dermatology Clinic, 258 Park Street, South Melbourne, VIC, 3205, Australia.
| | - Daniel Kelberman
- GOSgene, Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormand Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Georg W Otto
- GOSgene, Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormand Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrey Gagunashvili
- GOSgene, Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormand Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - David J Abraham
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissues Diseases, University College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher P Denton
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissues Diseases, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Costantini A, Guasto A, Cormier-Daire V. TGF-β and BMP Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Dysplasia with Short and Tall Stature. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2023; 24:225-253. [PMID: 37624666 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-120922-094107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways play a pivotal role in bone development and skeletal health. More than 30 different types of skeletal dysplasia are now known to be caused by pathogenic variants in genes that belong to the TGF-β superfamily and/or regulate TGF-β/BMP bioavailability. This review describes the latest advances in skeletal dysplasia that is due to impaired TGF-β/BMP signaling and results in short stature (acromelic dysplasia and cardiospondylocarpofacial syndrome) or tall stature (Marfan syndrome). We thoroughly describe the clinical features of the patients, the underlying genetic findings, and the pathomolecular mechanisms leading to disease, which have been investigated mainly using patient-derived skin fibroblasts and mouse models. Although no pharmacological treatment is yet available for skeletal dysplasia due to impaired TGF-β/BMP signaling, in recent years advances in the use of drugs targeting TGF-β have been made, and we also discuss these advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Costantini
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France; , ,
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Guasto
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France; , ,
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France; , ,
- Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pan Y, Liu Z, Zhang H. Research progress of lens zonules. ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2023; 3:80-85. [PMID: 37846380 PMCID: PMC10577871 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Background The lens zonule, a circumferential system of fibres connecting the ciliary body to the lens, is responsible for centration of the lens. The structural, functional, and positional abnormalities of the zonular apparatus can lead to the abnormality of the intraocular structure, presenting a significant challenge to cataract surgery. Main text The lens zonule is the elaborate system of extracellular fibers, which not only centers the lens in the eye but also plays an important role in accommodation and lens immunity, maintains the shape of the lens, and corrects spherical aberration. The zonules may directly participate in the formation of cataract via the immune mechanism. Abnormal zonular fibers that affect the position and shape of the lens may play an important role in the pathogenesis of angle closure disease and increase the complexity of the surgery. Capsular tension rings and related endocapsular devices are used to provide sufficient capsular bag stabilization and ensure the safety of cataract surgery procedures. Better preoperative and intraoperative evaluation methods for zonules are needed for clinicians. Conclusions The microstructure, biomechanical properties, and physiological functions of the lens zonules help us to better understand the pathogenesis of cataract and glaucoma, facilitating the development of safer surgical procedures for cataract. Further studies are needed to carefully analyze the structure-function relationship of the zonular apparatus to explore new treatment strategies for cataract and glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Godwin ARF, Dajani R, Zhang X, Thomson J, Holmes DF, Adamo CS, Sengle G, Sherratt MJ, Roseman AM, Baldock C. Fibrillin microfibril structure identifies long-range effects of inherited pathogenic mutations affecting a key regulatory latent TGFβ-binding site. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2023; 30:608-618. [PMID: 37081316 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-00950-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Genetic mutations in fibrillin microfibrils cause serious inherited diseases, such as Marfan syndrome and Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS). These diseases typically show major dysregulation of tissue development and growth, particularly in skeletal long bones, but links between the mutations and the diseases are unknown. Here we describe a detailed structural analysis of native fibrillin microfibrils from mammalian tissue by cryogenic electron microscopy. The major bead region showed pseudo eightfold symmetry where the amino and carboxy termini reside. On the basis of this structure, we show that a WMS deletion mutation leads to the induction of a structural rearrangement that blocks interaction with latent TGFβ-binding protein-1 at a remote site. Separate deletion of this binding site resulted in the assembly of shorter fibrillin microfibrils with structural alterations. The integrin αvβ3-binding site was also mapped onto the microfibril structure. These results establish that in complex extracellular assemblies, such as fibrillin microfibrils, mutations may have long-range structural consequences leading to the disruption of growth factor signaling and the development of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan R F Godwin
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rana Dajani
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Xinyang Zhang
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Jennifer Thomson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - David F Holmes
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Christin S Adamo
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerhard Sengle
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Alan M Roseman
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kwok HF, Yamamoto K, de Groot R, Scilabra SD, Santamaria S. Editorial: ADAM, ADAMTS and astacin proteases: Challenges and breakthroughs in the -Omics era-Volume II. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1172288. [PMID: 37091874 PMCID: PMC10119388 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1172288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, China
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rens de Groot
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Dario Scilabra
- Proteomics Group of Fondazione Ri.MED, Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Santamaria
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Taniguchi Y, Akune T, Nishida N, Omori G, Ha K, Ueno K, Saito T, Oichi T, Koike A, Mabuchi A, Oka H, Muraki S, Oshima Y, Kawaguchi H, Nakamura K, Tokunaga K, Tanaka S, Yoshimura N. A common variant rs2054564 in ADAMST17 is associated with susceptibility to lumbar spondylosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4900. [PMID: 36966180 PMCID: PMC10039864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32155-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular pathophysiology underlying lumbar spondylosis development remains unclear. To identify genetic factors associated with lumbar spondylosis, we conducted a genome-wide association study using 83 severe lumbar spondylosis cases and 182 healthy controls and identified 65 candidate disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Replication analysis in 510 case and 911 control subjects from five independent Japanese cohorts identified rs2054564, located in intron 7 of ADAMTS17, as a disease-associated SNP with a genome-wide significance threshold (P = 1.17 × 10-11, odds ratio = 1.92). This association was significant even after adjustment of age, sex, and body mass index (P = 7.52 × 10-11). A replication study in a Korean cohort, including 123 case and 319 control subjects, also verified the significant association of this SNP with severe lumbar spondylosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed that fibrillin-1 (FBN1) and ADAMTS17 were co-expressed in the annulus fibrosus of intervertebral discs (IVDs). ADAMTS17 overexpression in MG63 cells promoted extracellular microfibrils biogenesis, suggesting the potential role of ADAMTS17 in IVD function through interaction with fibrillin fibers. Finally, we provided evidence of FBN1 involvement in IVD function by showing that lumbar IVDs in patients with Marfan syndrome, caused by heterozygous FBN1 gene mutation, were significantly more degenerated. We identified a common SNP variant, located in ADAMTS17, associated with susceptibility to lumbar spondylosis and demonstrated the potential role of the ADAMTS17-fibrillin network in IVDs in lumbar spondylosis development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopedics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- Surgical Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Toru Akune
- Hospital, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-0042, Japan
| | - Nao Nishida
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Go Omori
- Department of Health and Sports, Faculty of Health and Science, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, 950-3198, Japan
| | - Kim Ha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, 18450, Korea
| | - Kazuko Ueno
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Taku Saito
- Department of Orthopedics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takeshi Oichi
- Department of Orthopedics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Asako Koike
- Healthcare Business Division, Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, 105-6412, Japan
| | - Akihiko Mabuchi
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oka
- Department of Medical Research and Management for Musculoskeletal Pain, 22nd Century Medical & Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Muraki
- Department of Preventive Medicine for Locomotive Organ Disorders, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Yasushi Oshima
- Department of Orthopedics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawaguchi
- Orthopaedics and Spine Department, Tokyo Neurological Center, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | - Kozo Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedics, Towa Hospital, Tokyo, 120-0003, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Department of Orthopedics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Noriko Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine for Locomotive Organ Disorders, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang J, Nie K, Lv X, Liu Y, Yang G, Fu J, Liu L, Lv H. Abnormal lens thickening in a child with Weill-Marchesani syndrome 4: A 3-year follow-up case report. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1021489. [PMID: 36698805 PMCID: PMC9868407 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1021489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Weill-Marchesani syndrome 4 (WMS4) is caused by ADAMTS17 gene variant and clinical abnormalities including lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, microspherophakia, brachydactyly, and short stature. Due to free of heart defects and joint stiffness compared with other WMS forms, WMS4 has an insidious onset and is often misdiagnosed as high myopia. We combined multiple imaging biometry and whole-exome sequencing to diagnose a case of WMS4 with a 3-year follow-up. Case presentation An 8-year-old boy presented to our ophthalmology department with progressive myopia for 1 year. He had high myopia in both eyes with normal funds, intraocular pressure, and axial length. Ocular examination revealed thicker lenses (right 4.38 mm, left 4.31 mm) with a smaller equatorial diameter (right 7.33 mm and left 7.17 mm) compared to normal children of the same age. Finger length measurement indicates brachydactyly. Whole-exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous missense variants c.2984G > A (p.Arg995Gln) and c.2254A > G (p.Ile752Val) in the ADAMTS17 gene. During the 3 years of follow-up, the thickness of lenses increased significantly (right 4.49 mm, left 4.48 mm), but the equatorial diameter of the lenses had no significant change (right 7.32 mm, left 7.21 mm). As the equivalent lens power increased, the patient's myopia spherical refractive error rose accordingly. Although the anterior chamber angle remained open during follow-up, the intraocular pressure increased to right 20.4 mmHg and left 19.6 mmHg, Iridodonesis and short stature were present. Conclusion This case report highlights the abnormal thickening of the lens in WMS4 compared to the physiological thinning process during childhood. Comprehensive clinical examinations and genetic testing may improve diagnosis, which allows early therapeutic interventions for complications and better visual outcomes for the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junting Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kailai Nie
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinpin Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guiqi Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Longqian Liu,
| | - Hongbin Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Hongbin Lv,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Connally NJ, Nazeen S, Lee D, Shi H, Stamatoyannopoulos J, Chun S, Cotsapas C, Cassa CA, Sunyaev SR. The missing link between genetic association and regulatory function. eLife 2022; 11:74970. [PMID: 36515579 PMCID: PMC9842386 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic basis of most traits is highly polygenic and dominated by non-coding alleles. It is widely assumed that such alleles exert small regulatory effects on the expression of cis-linked genes. However, despite the availability of gene expression and epigenomic datasets, few variant-to-gene links have emerged. It is unclear whether these sparse results are due to limitations in available data and methods, or to deficiencies in the underlying assumed model. To better distinguish between these possibilities, we identified 220 gene-trait pairs in which protein-coding variants influence a complex trait or its Mendelian cognate. Despite the presence of expression quantitative trait loci near most GWAS associations, by applying a gene-based approach we found limited evidence that the baseline expression of trait-related genes explains GWAS associations, whether using colocalization methods (8% of genes implicated), transcription-wide association (2% of genes implicated), or a combination of regulatory annotations and distance (4% of genes implicated). These results contradict the hypothesis that most complex trait-associated variants coincide with homeostatic expression QTLs, suggesting that better models are needed. The field must confront this deficit and pursue this 'missing regulation.'
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah J Connally
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
| | - Sumaiya Nazeen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Daniel Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
| | - Huwenbo Shi
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonUnited States
| | | | - Sung Chun
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children’s HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Chris Cotsapas
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
- Department of Neurology, Yale Medical SchoolNew HavenUnited States
- Department of Genetics, Yale Medical SchoolNew HavenUnited States
| | - Christopher A Cassa
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
| | - Shamil R Sunyaev
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Saltarelli MA, Quarta A, Chiarelli F. Growth plate extracellular matrix defects and short stature in children. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 27:247-255. [PMID: 36567461 PMCID: PMC9816467 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2244120.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Many etiological factors causing short stature have already been identified in humans. In the last few years, the advent of new techniques for the detection of chromosomal and molecular abnormalities has made it possible to better identify patients with genetic causes of growth failure. Some of these factors directly affect the development and growth of the skeleton, since they damage the epiphyseal growth plate, where linear growth occurs, influencing chondrogenesis. In particular, defects in genes involved in the organization and function of the growth plate are responsible for several well-known conditions with short stature. These genes play a pivotal role in various mechanisms involving the extracellular matrix, intracellular signaling, paracrine signaling, endocrine signaling, and epigenetic regulation. In this review, we will discuss the genes involved in extracellular matrix disorders. The identification of genetic defects in linear growth failure is important for clinicians and researchers in order to improve the care of children affected by growth disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Quarta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Chiarelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy,Address for correspondence: Francesco Chiarelli Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 5 Chieti, I-66100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cain SA, Woods S, Singh M, Kimber SJ, Baldock C. ADAMTS6 cleaves the large latent TGFβ complex and increases the mechanotension of cells to activate TGFβ. Matrix Biol 2022; 114:18-34. [PMID: 36368447 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The ADAMTS superfamily is composed of secreted metalloproteases and structurally related non-catalytic ADAMTS-like proteins. A subset of this superfamily, including ADAMTS6, ADAMTS10 and ADAMTSL2, are involved in elastic fiber assembly and bind to fibrillin and other matrix molecules that regulate the extracellular bioavailability of the potent growth factor TGFβ. Fibrillinopathies, that can also result from mutation of these ADAMTS/L proteins, have been linked to disrupted TGFβ homeostasis. ADAMTS6 and ADAMTS10 are homologous metalloproteases with poorly characterized substrates where ADAMTS10 is thought to process fibrillin-2 and ADAMTS6 latent TGFβ-binding protein (LTBP)-1. In order to understand the contribution of ADAMTS6, and these other members of the ADAMTS/L family, to TGFβ homeostasis, we have analyzed the effects of ADAMTS6, ADAMTS10 and ADAMTSL2 expression on TGFβ activation. We found that their expression increases TGFβ activation in a dose dependent manner, following stimulation with mature TGFβ1. For ADAMTS6, the catalytically active protease is required for effective TGFβ activation, where ADAMTS6 cleaves LTBP3 as well as LTBP1, and binds to the large latent TGFβ complexes of LTBP1 and LTBP3. Furthermore, ADAMTS6 expression increases the mechanotension of cells which results in inactivation of the Hippo Pathway, resulting in an increased translocation of YAP/TAZ complex to the nucleus. Together these findings suggest that when the balance of TGFβ is perturbed ADAMTS6 can influence TGFβ activation via two mechanisms. It directly cleaves the latent TGFβ complexes and also acts indirectly, along with ADAMTS10 and ADAMTSL2, by altering the mechanotension of cells. Together this increases activation of TGFβ from large latent complexes which may contribute to disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A Cain
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Steven Woods
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mukti Singh
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Susan J Kimber
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu HJ, Kuchtey RW, Kuchtey J. Optic neuropathy associated with TGFβ dysregulation in mice with a glaucoma-causative mutation of ADAMTS10. Matrix Biol 2022; 113:83-99. [PMID: 36216203 PMCID: PMC10001177 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that causes irreversible blindness due to loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. We previously identified a G661R mutation of ADAMTS10 (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin type 1 motif 10) as the disease-causing mutation in a beagle model of glaucoma. ADAMTS10 is a secreted matrix metalloproteinase that belongs to the ADAMTS family which is involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover. Previous studies have shown that ADAMTS10 binds fibrillin microfibrils, promotes their formation, and influences their fibrillin isoform composition. Here, we established a mouse model carrying the G661R mutation of ADAMTS10 (ADAMTS10G661R/G661R) to investigate its ocular phenotypes related to glaucoma and to explore possible functions of ADAMTS10. We found that ADAMTS10 was expressed in the inner retina and along RGC axons in the optic nerve. However, ADAMTS10 was not colocalized with fibrillin microfibrils in these tissues, suggesting fibrillin-independent function for ADAMTS10. In electroretinogram experiments, we found that ADAMTS10G661R/G661R mice had reduced amplitude of retinal responses to dim light stimulus, indicating RGC dysfunction. The reduced RGC function coincided with RGC axon structural changes manifested as smaller optic nerves and fewer optic nerve axons, which may contribute to glaucoma. The reduced number of optic nerve axons found for ADAMTS10G661R/G661R mice occurred early, suggesting developmental deficits. Subsequent experiments found increased apoptosis in the retina of ADAMTS10G661R/G661R mice during postnatal development, which could result in fewer RGCs produced, accounting for fewer optic nerve axons in adulthood. Consistent with a protective effect of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling against apoptosis during retinal development as shown previously by others, we found increased apoptosis accompanied by decreased TGFβ signaling in the developing retina of ADAMTS10G661R/G661R mice, suggesting a novel role for ADAMTS10 in regulating TGFβ signaling which could involve direct interaction between ADAMTS10 and latent TGFβ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Jing Wu
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, AA7100 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232-8808, USA
| | - Rachel W Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, AA7100 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232-8808, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0022, USA
| | - John Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, AA7100 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232-8808, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li M, Li Y, Liu H, Zhou H, Xie W, Peng Q. Case report: A homozygous ADAMTSL2 missense variant causes geleophysic dysplasia with high similarity to Weill-Marchesani syndrome. Front Genet 2022; 13:1014188. [PMID: 36246610 PMCID: PMC9554500 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1014188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Geleophysic dysplasia and Weill-Marchesani syndrome from the acromelic dysplasias group of genetic skeletal disorders share remarkable clinical and genetic overlap. Methods: Ophthalmological, physical, radiological examinations were conducted with a female patient in her early 30 s. Whole exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing validation was performed to identify the genetic cause. Results: The patient, born to consanguineous Chinese parents, presented with microspherophakia, lens subluxation, high myopia, short statue, small hands and feet, stiff joints, and thickened skin. A diagnosis of Weill-Marchesani syndrome was initially made for her. However, genetic testing reveals that the patient is homozygous for the c.1966G>A (p.Gly656Ser) variant in ADAMTSL2, and that the patient’s healthy mother and daughter are heterozygous for the variant. As mutations in ADAMTSL2 are known to cause autosomal recessive geleophysic dysplasia, the patient is re-diagnosed with geleophysic dysplasia in terms of her genotype and phenotype. Conclusion: The present study describes the clinical phenotype of the homozygous ADAMTSL2 p. Gly656Ser variant, which increases our understanding of the genotype-phenotype correlation in acromelic dysplasias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojiang Li
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Vision Center, Liuyang Jili Hospital (Liuyang Eye Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Yingshu Li
- Department of Vision Center, Liuyang Jili Hospital (Liuyang Eye Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Huixing Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology (Division II), Liuyang Jili Hospital (Liuyang Eye Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Birth Defects for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Zhou, ; Wanqin Xie, ; Qinghua Peng,
| | - Wanqin Xie
- National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Birth Defects for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Zhou, ; Wanqin Xie, ; Qinghua Peng,
| | - Qinghua Peng
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Zhou, ; Wanqin Xie, ; Qinghua Peng,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wareham LK, Whitener AE, Wu HJ, Wu SY, Mchaourab HS, Mortlock DP, Kuchtey RW, Kuchtey J. Adamts10 controls transforming growth factor β family signaling that contributes to retinal ganglion cell development. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:989851. [PMID: 36148008 PMCID: PMC9485804 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.989851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mutations in ADAMTS10 have long been known to cause autosomal recessive Weill-Marchesani Syndrome which is characterized by short stature and ocular abnormalities, more recent work has shown that certain mutations in ADAMTS10 cause glaucoma in dogs. In humans, glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss that affects tens of millions of people world-wide. Vision loss in glaucoma is a result of neurodegeneration of retinal ganglion cells that form the inner-most layer of the retina and whose axons form the optic nerve which relays visual information to the brain. ADAMTS10 contributes to the formation of microfibrils which sequester latent transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). Among its many biological functions, TGFβ promotes the development of retinal ganglion cells and is also known to play other roles in glaucoma pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that ADAMTS10 plays a role in retinal ganglion cell development through regulation of TGFβ signaling. To this end, Adamts10 expression was targeted for reduction in zebrafish embryos carrying either a fluorescent reporter that labels retinal ganglion cells, or a fluorescent reporter of pSmad3-mediated TGFβ family signaling. Loss of adamts10 function in zebrafish embryos reduced retinal ganglion cell reporter fluorescence and prevented formation of an ordered retinal ganglion cell layer. Targeting adamts10 expression also drastically reduced constitutive TGFβ signaling in the eye. Direct inhibition of the TGFβ receptor reduced retinal ganglion cell reporter fluorescence similar to the effect of targeting adamts10 expression. These findings unveil a previously unknown role for Adamts10 in retinal ganglion cell development and suggest that the developmental role of Adamts10 is mediated by active TGFβ family signaling. In addition, our results show for the first time that Adamts10 is necessary for pSmad3-mediated constitutive TGFβ family signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K. Wareham
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Amy E. Whitener
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Hang-Jing Wu
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Shu-Yu Wu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Hassane S. Mchaourab
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Douglas P. Mortlock
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Rachel W. Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - John Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States,*Correspondence: John Kuchtey,
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
de Azevedo GBL, Perini JA, Araújo Junior AEP, Moliterno LAM, Andrande RM, Guimarães JAM, Defino HLA. Association of FBN1 polymorphism with susceptibility of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:430. [PMID: 35526034 PMCID: PMC9077855 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrillin-1 (FBN1) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein essential to the structural component of microfibrils and FBN1 gene polymorphisms can be associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) susceptibility. This study aimed to evaluate the potential role of the FBN1 rs12916536 polymorphism in AIS development or severity and the variation in Cobb angle in relation to patient's characteristics. METHODS DNA from 563 subjects (185 AIS patients and 378 controls) were genotyped using a validated TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. A multivariate logistic regression model evaluated the association between polymorphism and AIS, using the adjusted odds ratios (OR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). A linear regression analysis evaluated the variation in Cobb angle according to the patient's age and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS Among the AIS group there was a predominance of females (12:1), low or normal BMI (90%), 58% had a Cobb angle greater than 45° and 74% were skeletally mature. Age was a risk factor (4-fold) for curve progression higher than BMI (P < 0.001). The allelic frequency of the rs12916536 G > A polymorphism was 40% in controls and 31% in AIS cases; and this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.004). FBN1 rs12916536 GA + AA genotypes were associated with a lower risk of AIS susceptibility (OR = 0.58 and 95% CI = 0.35-0.98), after adjustment for age, sex and BMI. However, no significant differences were detected in polymorphism distribution with the severity of the disease (Cobb < 45° or ≥ 45°). CONCLUSION Age was a risk factor for progression of the scoliotic curve and FBN1 rs12916536 polymorphism a protective factor for AIS susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Borges Laurindo de Azevedo
- Spine Surgery Center, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics (INTO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Departments of Orthopaedic and Anesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics (INTO), Avenida Brasil, 500, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, zip code 20940-070, Brazil. .,Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences (LAPESF), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Eulálio Pedrosa Araújo Junior
- Spine Surgery Center, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics (INTO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Departments of Orthopaedic and Anesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Medeiros Moliterno
- Spine Surgery Center, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics (INTO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Departments of Orthopaedic and Anesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mantelatto Andrande
- Departments of Orthopaedic and Anesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Matheus Guimarães
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics (INTO), Avenida Brasil, 500, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, zip code 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Helton Luiz Aparecido Defino
- Departments of Orthopaedic and Anesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, de São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mead TJ, Martin DR, Wang LW, Cain SA, Gulec C, Cahill E, Mauch J, Reinhardt D, Lo C, Baldock C, Apte SS. Proteolysis of fibrillin-2 microfibrils is essential for normal skeletal development. eLife 2022; 11:71142. [PMID: 35503090 PMCID: PMC9064305 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The embryonic extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes transition to mature ECM as development progresses, yet few mechanisms ensuring ECM proteostasis during this period are known. Fibrillin microfibrils are macromolecular ECM complexes serving structural and regulatory roles. In mice, Fbn1 and Fbn2, encoding the major microfibrillar components, are strongly expressed during embryogenesis, but fibrillin-1 is the major component observed in adult tissue microfibrils. Here, analysis of Adamts6 and Adamts10 mutant mouse embryos, lacking these homologous secreted metalloproteases individually and in combination, along with in vitro analysis of microfibrils, measurement of ADAMTS6-fibrillin affinities and N-terminomics discovery of ADAMTS6-cleaved sites, identifies a proteostatic mechanism contributing to postnatal fibrillin-2 reduction and fibrillin-1 dominance. The lack of ADAMTS6, alone and in combination with ADAMTS10 led to excess fibrillin-2 in perichondrium, with impaired skeletal development defined by a drastic reduction of aggrecan and cartilage link protein, impaired BMP signaling in cartilage, and increased GDF5 sequestration in fibrillin-2-rich tissue. Although ADAMTS6 cleaves fibrillin-1 and fibrillin-2 as well as fibronectin, which provides the initial scaffold for microfibril assembly, primacy of the protease-substrate relationship between ADAMTS6 and fibrillin-2 was unequivocally established by reversal of the defects in Adamts6-/- embryos by genetic reduction of Fbn2, but not Fbn1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Mead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Musculoskeletal Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Daniel R Martin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Musculoskeletal Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Lauren W Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Musculoskeletal Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Stuart A Cain
- Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cagri Gulec
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Elisabeth Cahill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Musculoskeletal Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Joseph Mauch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Musculoskeletal Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Dieter Reinhardt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cecilia Lo
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Clair Baldock
- Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Musculoskeletal Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Peeters S, De Kinderen P, Meester JAN, Verstraeten A, Loeys BL. The fibrillinopathies: new insights with focus on the paradigm of opposing phenotypes for both FBN1 and FBN2. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:815-831. [PMID: 35419902 PMCID: PMC9322447 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Different pathogenic variants in the fibrillin‐1 gene (FBN1) cause Marfan syndrome and acromelic dysplasias. Whereas the musculoskeletal features of Marfan syndrome involve tall stature, arachnodactyly, joint hypermobility, and muscle hypoplasia, acromelic dysplasia patients present with short stature, brachydactyly, stiff joints, and hypermuscularity. Similarly, pathogenic variants in the fibrillin‐2 gene (FBN2) cause either a Marfanoid congenital contractural arachnodactyly or a FBN2‐related acromelic dysplasia that most prominently presents with brachydactyly. The phenotypic and molecular resemblances between both the FBN1 and FBN2‐related disorders suggest that reciprocal pathomechanistic lessons can be learned. In this review, we provide an updated overview and comparison of the phenotypic and mutational spectra of both the “tall” and “short” fibrillinopathies. The future parallel functional study of both FBN1/2‐related disorders will reveal new insights into how pathogenic fibrillin variants differently affect the fibrillin microfibril network and/or growth factor homeostasis in clinically opposite syndromes. This knowledge may eventually be translated into new therapeutic approaches by targeting or modulating the fibrillin microfibril network and/or the signaling pathways under its control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Peeters
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Pauline De Kinderen
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Josephina A N Meester
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Aline Verstraeten
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Bart L Loeys
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang X, Alanazi YF, Jowitt TA, Roseman AM, Baldock C. Elastic Fibre Proteins in Elastogenesis and Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4087. [PMID: 35456902 PMCID: PMC9027394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As essential components of our connective tissues, elastic fibres give tissues such as major blood vessels, skin and the lungs their elasticity. Their formation is complex and co-ordinately regulated by multiple factors. In this review, we describe key players in elastogenesis: fibrillin-1, tropoelastin, latent TGFβ binding protein-4, and fibulin-4 and -5. We summarise their roles in elastogenesis, discuss the effect of their mutations on relevant diseases, and describe their interactions involved in forming the elastic fibre network. Moreover, we look into their roles in wound repair for a better understanding of their potential application in tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Zhang
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (X.Z.); (T.A.J.)
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| | - Yasmene F. Alanazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Thomas A. Jowitt
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (X.Z.); (T.A.J.)
| | - Alan M. Roseman
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (X.Z.); (T.A.J.)
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yu X, Kline B, Han Y, Gao Y, Fan Z, Shi Y. Weill-Marchesani syndrome 4 caused by compound heterozygosity of a maternal submicroscopic deletion and a paternal nonsense variant in the ADAMTS17 gene: A case report. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 26:101541. [PMID: 35496767 PMCID: PMC9046107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To retrospectively report a case of Weill-Marchesani syndrome 4 (WMS4) with compound heterozygous variants of ADAMTS17 gene. Observations The patient was a 7-year-old boy with progressively worsening eyesight and intermittent elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) for two years. His IOPs were temporarily controlled using anti-glaucoma drugs. At presentation he had a shallow anterior chamber, lens subluxation, spherophakia and extensive synechial angle closure with high myopia in both eyes. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) identified thickened zonule fibers and anteriorly rotated, flat and slender ciliary processes, both of which worsened and were accompanied by obvious iris bombe after miosis. Gene testing showed compound heterozygosity of a maternal submicroscopic deletion on chromosome 15q26.3 (0.774 Mb) affecting the sequences of ADAMTS17, LYSMD4 and CERS3 as well as a paternal nonsense variant (c.1051_1053delAAGinsTAA, P.K351X) in the ADAMTS17 gene in the proband. The diagnosis of WMS4 was confirmed by genetic testing. Phacoemulsification (Phaco), intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and irido-zonulo-hyaloid-vitrectomy (IZHV) combined with Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) implantation as a staged or one-stage surgery effectively lowered IOP, deepened ACD, improved visual acuity, and resolved the configuration of the ciliary processes in both eyes. Conclusion and Importance Recessive ADAMTS17 variants are associated with WMS4. We report here compound heterozygous variants in ADAMTS17 causing WMS4, and anatomically highlighted the possible pathophysiology for its clinical phenotype. A modified surgical approach with Phaco, IOL implantation, and IZHV combined with AGV implantation could be used to treat these complicated cases.
Collapse
|
25
|
Quint WH, Tadema KCD, Crins JHC, Kokke NCCJ, Meester-Smoor MA, Willemsen R, Klaver CCW, Iglesias AI. Zebrafish: An In Vivo Screening Model to Study Ocular Phenotypes. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:17. [PMID: 35285860 PMCID: PMC8934544 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.3.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To establish a set of assays that allow the in vivo screening of candidate genes for ocular diseases in zebrafish, with an emphasis on refractive error. Methods Our pipeline includes the most relevant ocular screening measurements to assess (1) ocular biometry using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, (2) refractive status using an eccentric photorefractor, (3) intraocular pressure by tonometry, and (4) optokinetic response to study visual capability in zebrafish. To validate our pipeline and to demonstrate the potential of zebrafish as a valid animal model, we chose two well-characterized genes with an ocular phenotype (PRSS56 and FBN1) and generated two mutant zebrafish lines (prss56 and fbn1). Mutant fish were assessed at 2, 4, and 6 months after fertilization. Results With the proposed phenotyping pipeline, we showed that ocular biometry, refractive status, intraocular pressure, and visual function can be studied in zebrafish. In the prss56 mutant, the pipeline revealed a dramatic decrease in axial length, mainly owing to a decreased vitreous chamber depth, whereas in the fbn1 mutant, ectopia lentis was the most distinctive ocular phenotype observed. Tonometry in both mutant lines showed an increase in intraocular pressure. Conclusions The proposed pipeline was applied successfully in zebrafish and can be used for future genetic screenings of candidate genes. While validating our pipeline, we found a close resemblance between the ocular manifestations in the zebrafish mutants and patients harboring mutations in PRSS56 and FBN1. Our results support the validity of our pipeline and highlight the potential of zebrafish as an animal model for in vivo screening of candidate genes for ocular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wim H Quint
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kirke C D Tadema
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan H C Crins
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nina C C J Kokke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Magda A Meester-Smoor
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Willemsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adriana I Iglesias
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Arnaud P, Mougin Z, Boileau C, Le Goff C. Cooperative Mechanism of ADAMTS/ ADAMTSL and Fibrillin-1 in the Marfan Syndrome and Acromelic Dysplasias. Front Genet 2021; 12:734718. [PMID: 34912367 PMCID: PMC8667168 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.734718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The term “fibrillinopathies” gathers various diseases with a wide spectrum of clinical features and severity but all share mutations in the fibrillin genes. The first described fibrillinopathy, Marfan syndrome (MFS), is a multisystem disease with a unique combination of skeletal, thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and ocular features. The numerous FBN1 mutations identified in MFS are located all along the gene, leading to the same pathogenic mechanism. The geleophysic/acromicric dysplasias (GD/AD), characterized by short stature, short extremities, and joint limitation are described as “the mirror image” of MFS. Previously, in GD/AD patients, we identified heterozygous FBN1 mutations all affecting TGFβ-binding protein-like domain 5 (TB5). ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17 and, ADAMTSL2 are also involved in the pathogenic mechanism of acromelic dysplasia. More recently, in TAA patients, we identified mutations in THSD4, encoding ADAMTSL6, a protein belonging to the ADAMTSL family suggesting that ADAMTSL proteins are also involved in the Marfanoid spectrum. Together with human genetic data and generated knockout mouse models targeting the involved genes, we provide herein an overview of the role of fibrillin-1 in opposite phenotypes. Finally, we will decipher the potential biological cooperation of ADAMTS-fibrillin-1 involved in these opposite phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Arnaud
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Zakaria Mougin
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Boileau
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Carine Le Goff
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rezaei Kanavi M, Yazdani S, Elahi E, Mirrahimi M, Hajizadeh M, Khodaverdi S, Suri F. Prenatal diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma and histopathological features in a fetal globe with cytochrome p4501B1 mutations. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:11206721211051235. [PMID: 34730456 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211051235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study aims to report the developmental and histopathological features of ocular tissues from an electively aborted human fetus with mutations in cytochrome p4501B1, and thus predisposed to primary congenital glaucoma in comparison to an age-matched healthy fetal globe. SUBJECTS/METHODS Both eyes of two 17-week gestational aged fetuses, the first with CYP1B1 mutations and the second as healthy control fetus, were studied. Hematoxylin and eosin, Periodic acid-Schiff, Gomori's trichrome, and Verhoeff-Van Gieson staining protocols in addition to immunohistochemistry staining using anti-cytochrome p4501B1, anti-fibrillin-1, and anti-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal antibodies, as primary antibodies, were performed to assess the effect of the mutations on tissue development, cytochrome p4501B1 protein expression, extracellular matrix structure, and oxidative stress in the developing fetus eye. Quantitative analyses were performed using ImageJ software. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis and P-values <0.05 were considered as significant. RESULTS Delayed development in ocular tissues, decreased expression of cytochrome p4501B1 protein, irregular extracellular matrix structure, and increased oxidative stress biomarker were evident in the ocular tissues of the fetus with cytochrome p4501B1 mutations as compared to a normal globe from an age-matched fetus. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of prenatal diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma. We also describe histopathological changes in the primary congenital glaucoma-affected globes revealing the effect of cytochrome p4501B1 deficiency on ocular tissues during early fetal development contributing to the glaucoma phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Yazdani
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Elahi
- School of Biology, University College of Science, 48425University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehraban Mirrahimi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hajizadeh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- 226735Department of Ophthalmology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Khodaverdi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Suri
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, 556492Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Meng K, Cao J, Dong Y, Zhang M, Ji C, Wang X. Application of Bioinformatics Analysis to Identify Important Pathways and Hub Genes in Ovarian Cancer Affected by WT1. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:741051. [PMID: 34692659 PMCID: PMC8526536 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.741051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor gene (WT1) is used as a marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms involving WT1 in ovarian cancer require further study. Herein, we used bioinformatics and other methods to identify important pathways and hub genes in ovarian cancer affected by WT1. The results showed that WT1 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer and is closely related to the overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) of ovarian cancer. In ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3, WT1 downregulation increased the mRNA expression of 638 genes and decreased the mRNA expression of 512 genes, which were enriched in the FoxO, AMPK, and the Hippo signaling pathways. The STRING online tool and Cytoscape software were used to construct a Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and for Module analysis, and 18 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected. Kaplan-Meier plotter analysis revealed that 16 of 18 genes were related to prognosis. Analysis of GEPIA datasets indicated that 7 of 16 genes were differentially expressed in ovarian cancer tissues and in normal tissues. The expression of IGFBP1 and FBN1 genes increased significantly after WT1 interference, while the expression of the SERPINA1 gene decreased significantly. The correlation between WT1 expression and that of these three genes was consistent with that of ovarian cancer tissues and normal tissues. According to the GeneMANIA online website analysis, there were complex interactions between WT1, IGFBP1, FBN1, SERPINA1, and 20 other genes. In conclusion, we have identified important signaling pathways involving WT1 that affect ovarian cancer, and distinguished three differentially expressed genes regulated by WT1 associated with the prognosis of ovarian cancer. Our findings provide evidence outlining mechanisms involving WT1 gene expression in ovarian cancer and provides a rational for novel treatment of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jinghe Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yehao Dong
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Mengchen Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chunfeng Ji
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wu HJ, Mortlock DP, Kuchtey RW, Kuchtey J. Altered Ocular Fibrillin Microfibril Composition in Mice With a Glaucoma-Causing Mutation of Adamts10. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:26. [PMID: 34424262 PMCID: PMC8383930 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.10.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previously, we identified a G661R mutation of ADAMTS10 (a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif 10) as being disease causative in a colony of Beagles with inherited primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Mutations in ADAMTS10 are known to cause Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS), which is also caused by mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1), suggesting functional linkage between ADAMTS10 and fibrillin-1, the principal component of microfibrils. Here, we established a mouse line with the G661R mutation of Adamts10 (Adamts10G661R/G661R) to determine if they develop features of WMS and alterations of ocular fibrillin microfibrils. Methods Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using a TonoLab rebound tonometer. Central cornea thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and axial length (AL) of the eye were examined by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Sagittal eye sections from mice at postnatal day 10 (P10) and at 3 and 24 months of age were stained with antibodies against fibrillin-1, fibrillin-2, and ADAMTS10. Results IOP was not elevated in Adamts10G661R/G661R mice. Adamts10G661R/G661R mice had smaller bodies, thicker CCT, and shallower ACD compared to wild-type mice but normal AL. Adamts10G661R/G661R mice displayed persistent fibrillin-2 and enhanced fibrillin-1 immunofluorescence in the lens zonules and in the hyaloid vasculature and its remnants in the vitreous. Conclusions Adamts10G661R/G661R mice recapitulate the short stature and ocular phenotypes of WMS. The altered fibrillin-1 and fibrillin-2 immunoactivity in Adamts10G661R/G661R mice suggests that the G661R mutation of Adamts10 perturbs regulation of the fibrillin isotype composition of microfibrils in the mouse eye.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Jing Wu
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Douglas P Mortlock
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Rachel W Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - John Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang RM, Zeyer KA, Odenthal N, Zhang Y, Reinhardt DP. The fibrillin-1 RGD motif posttranscriptionally regulates ERK1/2 signaling and fibroblast proliferation via miR-1208. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21598. [PMID: 33871068 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100282r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibrillin-1 is an extracellular matrix protein which contains one conserved RGD integrin-binding motif. It constitutes the backbone of microfibrils in many tissues, and mutations in fibrillin-1 cause various connective tissue disorders. Although it is well established that fibrillin-1 interacts with several RGD-dependent integrins, very little is known about the associated intracellular signaling pathways. Recent published evidence identified a subset of miRNAs regulated by fibrillin-1 RGD-cell adhesion, with miR-1208 among the most downregulated. The present study shows that the downregulated miR-1208 controls fibroblast proliferation. Inhibitor experiments revealed that fibrillin-1 RGD suppressed miR-1208 expression via c-Src kinase and the downstream JNK signaling. Bioinformatic prediction and experimental target sequence validation demonstrated four miR-1208 binding sites on the ERK2 mRNA and one on the MEK1 mRNA. ERK2 and MEK1 are critical proliferation-promoting kinases. Decreased miR-1208 levels elevated the total and phosphorylated ERK1/2 and MEK1/2 protein levels and the phosphorylated to total ERK1/2 ratio. Together, the data demonstrate a novel outside-in signaling mechanism explaining how fibrillin-1 RGD-cell binding regulates fibroblast proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Mo Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Karina A Zeyer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nadine Odenthal
- Department of Natural Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Yiyun Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Dieter P Reinhardt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Balic Z, Misra S, Willard B, Reinhardt DP, Apte SS, Hubmacher D. Alternative splicing of the metalloprotease ADAMTS17 spacer regulates secretion and modulates autoproteolytic activity. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21310. [PMID: 33484187 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001120rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
ADAMTS proteases mediate biosynthesis and breakdown of secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in numerous physiological and disease processes. In addition to their catalytic domains, ADAMTS proteases contain ancillary domains, which mediate substrate recognition and ECM binding and confer distinctive properties and roles to individual ADAMTS proteases. Although alternative splicing can greatly expand the structural and functional diversity of ADAMTS proteases, it has been infrequently reported and functional consequences have been rarely investigated. Here, we characterize the structural and functional impact of alternative splicing of ADAMTS17, mutations in which cause Weill-Marchesani syndrome 4. Two novel ADAMTS17 splice variants, ADAMTS17A and ADAMTS17B, were investigated by structural modeling, mass spectrometry, and biochemical approaches. Our results identify a novel disulfide-bridged insertion in the ADAMTS17A spacer that originates from inclusion of a novel exon. This insertion results in differential autoproteolysis of ADAMTS17, and thus, predicts altered proteolytic activity against other substrates. The second variant, ADAMTS17B, results from an in-frame exon deletion and prevents ADAMTS17B secretion. Thus, alternative splicing of the ADAMTS spacer significantly regulates the physiologically relevant proteolytic activity of ADAMTS17, either by altering proteolytic specificity (ADAMTS17A) or by altering cellular localization (ADAMTS17B).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zerina Balic
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Belinda Willard
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Suneel S Apte
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dirk Hubmacher
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Controlling BMP growth factor bioavailability: The extracellular matrix as multi skilled platform. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110071. [PMID: 34217834 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-β superfamily of signaling ligands which comprise a family of pluripotent cytokines regulating a multitude of cellular events. Although BMPs were originally discovered as potent factors extractable from bone matrix that are capable to induce ectopic bone formation in soft tissues, their mode of action has been mostly studied as soluble ligands in absence of the physiologically relevant cellular microenvironment. This micro milieu is defined by supramolecular networks of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that specifically target BMP ligands, present them to their cellular receptors, and allow their controlled release. Here we focus on functional interactions and mechanisms that were described to control BMP bioavailability in a spatio-temporal manner within the respective tissue context. Structural disturbance of the ECM architecture due to mutations in ECM proteins leads to dysregulated BMP signaling as underlying cause for connective tissue disease pathways. We will provide an overview about current mechanistic concepts of how aberrant BMP signaling drives connective tissue destruction in inherited and chronic diseases.
Collapse
|
33
|
Al Motawa MNA, Al Shehri MSS, Al Buali MJ, Al Agnam AAM. Weill-Marchesani Syndrome, a Rare Presentation of Severe Short Stature with Review of the Literature. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2021; 22:e930824. [PMID: 34057920 PMCID: PMC8175056 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.930824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Male, 9-year-old Final Diagnosis: Weill-Marchesani syndrome Symptoms: Joint stiffnes • myopia • short stature Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Endocrinology and Metabolic • Genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mossa N A Al Motawa
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal General Hospital, Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal S S Al Shehri
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal General Hospital, Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed J Al Buali
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal General Hospital, Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amnah A M Al Agnam
- Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of Health, Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Shan YC, Yang ZC, Ma L, Ran N, Feng XY, Liu XM, Fu P, Yi MJ. A Review of Three Chinese Cases of Acromicric/Geleophysic Dysplasia with FBN1 Mutations. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:1873-1880. [PMID: 34040419 PMCID: PMC8139683 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s306018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the clinical features and molecular diagnosis of FBN1-related acromelic dysplasia in Chinese patients. Methods The clinical and genetic features of three FBN1-related acromicric dysplasia (AD)/geleophysic dysplasia (GD) Chinese patients from two families were reviewed, and comprehensive medical evaluations were performed. Targeted next-generation sequencing was used to detect genetic mutations associated with short statures, including FBN1. Sanger sequencing was used to determine the de novo mutation origin. Results Patient 1 presented with short stature, short and stubby hands and feet, mild facial dysmorphism, hepatomegaly, delayed bone age and beak-like femoral heads. Patient 2 and this patient’s father merely presented with short stature, wide and short hands, and beak-like femoral heads. One novel mutation, c.5272G>T(p.D1758Y), and one known mutation, c.5183C>T(p.A1728V), were identified in these patients. Conclusion The clinical features varied among these patients. The variant c.5272G>T(p.D1758Y) is a novel mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Chun Shan
- Department of Child Health Care, Pediatric Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Chuan Yang
- Department of Child Health Care, Pediatric Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Child Health Care, Pediatric Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Ran
- Department of Child Health Care, Pediatric Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ying Feng
- Department of Child Health Care, Pediatric Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mei Liu
- Department of Child Health Care, Pediatric Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Fu
- Department of Child Health Care, Pediatric Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Ji Yi
- Department of Child Health Care, Pediatric Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lin Z, Zhu M, Deng H. A Pedigree Report of a Rare Case of Weill-Marchesani Syndrome with New Compound Heterozygous LTBP2 Mutations. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:1785-1789. [PMID: 33958902 PMCID: PMC8096439 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s307290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Weill–Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is an autosomal inherited connective tissue disease. Clinical manifestations include microspherophakia (MSP), high myopia, ectopia lentis, open-angle glaucoma, short stature, short fingers, joint stiffness, and (occasionally) cardiovascular defects. At present, a total of four pathogenic gene loci related to WMS have been found: ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, FBN1, and LTBP2. Case Report The patient was a five-year-old girl whose eyesight had become progressively worse for three years before her parents brought her to the hospital. Computer optometry showed high myopia in both eyes, while a slit lamp examination found that the anterior chamber of both eyes was shallow, and the lens was in a state of dislocation (ectopia lentis). An IOLMaster examination revealed that the lens was spherical (MSP), and the lens thickness (LT) was 5.36 mm. Corneal topography showed that the angle kappa was 0.18 mm in the right eye (OD) and 0.30 mm in the left eye (OS). An intraocular pressure (IOP) (OD: 26.5 mmHg, OS: 30.6 mmHg) examination showed that the fundus cup to disc ratio was normal, but secondary glaucoma caused by lens dislocation could be considered. The IOP was maintained within a normal range using antihypertensive drugs. The patient’s younger sister also had a dislocation of MSP. Gene detection showed a heterozygous mutation in the LTBP2 gene [c.3672delC:p.Thr1225fs and c.3542delT:p.Met1181fs], and a diagnosis of WMS-like syndrome was confirmed. Conclusion WMS syndrome is rare, and the mutation of the LTBP2 gene has not been previously recorded in the GnomAD (Genome Aggregation Database) of East Asia. This case report provides some reference for studying the mechanism of WMS and WMS-like syndrome caused by an LTBP2 gene mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ZhiHong Lin
- Department of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, The School of Optometry of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - MinJuan Zhu
- Department of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, The School of Optometry of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - HongWei Deng
- Department of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, The School of Optometry of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Madhangi M, Dutta D, Show S, Bhat VK, Rather MI, Tiwari A, Singh N, Duvvari MR, Murthy GJ, Kumar A, Nongthomba U. Exome sequencing and functional studies in zebrafish identify WDR8 as the causative gene for isolated Microspherophakia in Indian families. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:467-484. [PMID: 33693649 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated Microspherophakia (MSP) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a smaller than normal spherical lens. Till date, LTBP2 is the only gene shown to cause MSP. We used homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing and identified a homozygous mutation, c.1148C > T (p.Pro383Leu), in the WDR8 (or WRAP73) gene in two Indian MSP families. In vitro experiments showed that the missense mutation renders the protein unstable. WDR8 is a centriolar protein that has important roles in centrosomal assembly, spindle pole formation and ciliogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments from HeLa cells indicated that the mutation interferes with the interaction of WDR8 with its binding partners. In zebrafish, both morpholino-mediated knockdown and CRISPR/Cas knockout of wdr8 resulted in decreased eye and lens size. The lack of wdr8 affected cell cycle progression in the retinal cells, causing a reduction in cell numbers in the retina and lens. The reduction in eye size and the cell cycle defects were rescued by exogenous expression of the human wild-type WDR8. However, the human mutant WDR8 (p.Pro383Leu) was unable to rescue the eye defects, indicating that the missense mutation abrogates WDR8 protein function. Thus, our zebrafish results suggested that WDR8 is the causative gene for MSP in these Indian families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Madhangi
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Debanjan Dutta
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sautan Show
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Vishwanath K Bhat
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mohammad I Rather
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ankana Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nivedita Singh
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Maheswara R Duvvari
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Gowri J Murthy
- Prabha Eye Clinic and Research Centre, Bangalore 560070, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Upendra Nongthomba
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Matsuzaki T, Keene DR, Nishimoto E, Noda M. Reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs and MT1-MMP promote the formation of robust fibrillin fibers. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:1980-1995. [PMID: 32730638 PMCID: PMC7818472 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillins (FBNs) form mesh-like structures of microfibrils in various elastic tissues. RECK and FBN1 are co-expressed in many human tissues, suggesting a functional relationship. We found that dermal FBN1 fibers show atypical morphology in mice with reduced RECK expression (RECK-Hypo mice). Dermal FBN1 fibers in mice-lacking membrane-type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) show a similar atypical morphology, despite the current notion that MT1-MMP (a membrane-bound protease) and RECK (a membrane-bound protease inhibitor) have opposing functions. Our experiments using dermal fibroblasts indicated that RECK promotes pro-MT1-MMP activation, increases cell-associated gelatinase/collagenase activity, and decreases diffusible gelatinase/collagenase activity, while MT1-MMP stabilizes RECK in these cells. Experiments using purified proteins indicate that RECK and its binding partner ADAMTS10 keep the proteolytic activity of MT1-MMP within a certain range. These findings suggest that RECK, ADAMTS10, and MT1-MMP cooperate to support the formation of robust FBN1 fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Matsuzaki
- Department of Molecular OncologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Douglas R. Keene
- Departments of Medical Genetics, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shriners Hospital for ChildrenOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOregon
| | - Emi Nishimoto
- Department of Molecular OncologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Makoto Noda
- Department of Molecular OncologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Heinz A. Elastic fibers during aging and disease. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 66:101255. [PMID: 33434682 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Elastic fibers are essential constituents of the extracellular matrix of higher vertebrates and endow several tissues and organs including lungs, skin and blood vessels with elasticity and resilience. During the human lifespan, elastic fibers are exposed to a variety of enzymatic, chemical and biophysical influences, and accumulate damage due to their low turnover. Aging of elastin and elastic fibers involves enzymatic degradation, oxidative damage, glycation, calcification, aspartic acid racemization, binding of lipids and lipid peroxidation products, carbamylation and mechanical fatigue. These processes can trigger an impairment or loss of elastic fiber function and are associated with severe pathologies. There are different inherited or acquired pathological conditions, which influence the structure and function of elastic fibers and microfibrils predominantly in the cardiorespiratory system and skin. Inherited elastic-fiber pathologies have a direct or indirect impact on elastic-fiber formation due to mutations in the fibrillin genes (fibrillinopathies), in the elastin gene (elastinopathies) or in genes encoding proteins that are associated with microfibrils or elastic fibers. Acquired elastic-fiber pathologies appear age-related or as a result of multiple factors impairing tissue homeostasis. This review gives an overview on the fate of elastic fibers over the human lifespan in health and disease.
Collapse
|
39
|
Akram H, Aragon-Martin JA, Chandra A. Marfan syndrome and the eye clinic: from diagnosis to management. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN RARE DISEASE 2021; 2:26330040211055738. [PMID: 37181104 PMCID: PMC10032431 DOI: 10.1177/26330040211055738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder affecting the cardiovascular, ocular and musculoskeletal systems. Frequently, clinical suspicion and subsequent diagnosis begins in the ophthalmology clinic. Importantly, the ophthalmologist has a responsibility to cater not only to the eye, but also to be involved in a holistic approach for these patients. In this review, we discuss how MFS may present to an eye clinic, including clinical features, ocular morbidity, genetic diagnosis and management. Although this condition is ideally managed by a multidisciplinary team, our focus will be on MFS and the eye, including other conditions which may present with similar phenotypes. The ophthalmologist's role as the potential first contact for a patient with suspected MFS is crucial in making the proper investigations and referral, with the knowledge that not all ectopia lentis cases are MFS and vice versa. Management of ocular conditions in MFS may range from simple observation to surgical intervention; current options will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Akram
- Southend University Hospital, Prittlewell
Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, Essex, UK
| | | | - Aman Chandra
- Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea,
UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hill JR, Eekhoff JD, Brophy RH, Lake SP. Elastic fibers in orthopedics: Form and function in tendons and ligaments, clinical implications, and future directions. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:2305-2317. [PMID: 32293749 PMCID: PMC7572591 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Elastic fibers are an essential component of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues. The focus of both clinical management and scientific investigation of elastic fiber disorders has centered on the cardiovascular manifestations due to their significant impact on morbidity and mortality. As such, the current understanding of the orthopedic conditions experienced by these patients is limited. The musculoskeletal implications of more subtle elastic fiber abnormalities, whether due to allelic variants or age-related tissue degeneration, are also not well understood. Recent advances have begun to uncover the effects of elastic fiber deficiency on tendon and ligament biomechanics; future research must further elucidate mechanisms governing the role of elastic fibers in these tissues. The identification of population-based genetic variations in elastic fibers will also be essential. Minoxidil administration, modulation of protein expression with micro-RNA molecules, and direct injection of recombinant elastic fiber precursors have demonstrated promise for therapeutic intervention, but further work is required prior to consideration for orthopedic clinical application. This review provides an overview of the role of elastic fibers in musculoskeletal tissue, summarizes current knowledge of the orthopedic manifestations of elastic fiber abnormalities, and identifies opportunities for future investigation and clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Ryan Hill
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, Suite 5505, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jeremy D. Eekhoff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Robert H. Brophy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, Suite 5505, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Spencer P. Lake
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130,Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Egea G, Jiménez-Altayó F, Campuzano V. Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Genetic Diseases of the Connective Tissue. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9101013. [PMID: 33086603 PMCID: PMC7603119 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue is known to provide structural and functional “glue” properties to other tissues. It contains cellular and molecular components that are arranged in several dynamic organizations. Connective tissue is the focus of numerous genetic and nongenetic diseases. Genetic diseases of the connective tissue are minority or rare, but no less important than the nongenetic diseases. Here we review the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress on the onset and/or progression of diseases that directly affect connective tissue and have a genetic origin. It is important to consider that ROS and oxidative stress are not synonymous, although they are often closely linked. In a normal range, ROS have a relevant physiological role, whose levels result from a fine balance between ROS producers and ROS scavenge enzymatic systems. However, pathology arises or worsens when such balance is lost, like when ROS production is abnormally and constantly high and/or when ROS scavenge (enzymatic) systems are impaired. These concepts apply to numerous diseases, and connective tissue is no exception. We have organized this review around the two basic structural molecular components of connective tissue: The ground substance and fibers (collagen and elastic fibers).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Egea
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Barcelona School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociencies I Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934-021-909
| | - Francesc Jiménez-Altayó
- Departament of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology, Neuroscience Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Victoria Campuzano
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Barcelona School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sun C, Xu D, Pei Z, Yang L, Qiao Z, Lu W, Luo F, Qiu Z. Separation in genetic pathogenesis of mutations in FBN1-TB5 region between autosomal dominant acromelic dysplasia and Marfan syndrome. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:1834-1842. [PMID: 33030311 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the transforming growth factor β-binding protein-like domain 5 (TB5) region of FBN1 can lead to autosomal acromelic dysplasia and Marfan syndrome, which are two diseases with apparently opposite phenotypes. We identified six patients with acromelic dysplasia carrying either the previously reported mutations c.5284G > A (p.Gly1762Ser) and c.5096A > G (p.Tyr1699Cys) or the novel mutation c.5260G > A (p.Gly1754Ser). A systematic review of patients with mutations in the FBN1-TB5 region showed that acromelic dysplasia is caused only by in-frame amino acid substitutions. In contrast, truncating mutations in the FBN1-TB5 have been reported only in Marfan syndrome. Acromelic dysplasia subtypes that share symptoms with Marfan syndrome are associated with FBN1-TB5 disulfide disruptions, which are also commonly found in Marfan syndrome. These results suggest that the type and location of mutations in the FBN1-TB5 region determine the clinical spectrum of fibrillinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Pei
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Molecular Genetic Diagnosis Center, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongwei Qiao
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feihong Luo
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengqing Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Adamo CS, Zuk AV, Sengle G. The fibrillin microfibril/elastic fibre network: A critical extracellular supramolecular scaffold to balance skin homoeostasis. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:25-37. [PMID: 32920888 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular networks composed of fibrillins (fibrillin-1 and fibrillin-2) and associated ligands form intricate cellular microenvironments which balance skin homoeostasis and direct remodelling. Fibrillins assemble into microfibrils which are not only indispensable for conferring elasticity to the skin, but also control the bioavailability of growth factors targeted to the extracellular matrix architecture. Fibrillin microfibrils (FMF) represent the core scaffolds for elastic fibre formation, and they also decorate the surface of elastic fibres and form independent networks. In normal dermis, elastic fibres are suspended in a three-dimensional basket-like lattice of FMF intersecting basement membranes at the dermal-epidermal junction and thus conferring pliability to the skin. The importance of FMF for skin homoeostasis is illustrated by the clinical features caused by mutations in the human fibrillin genes (FBN1, FBN2), summarized as "fibrillinopathies." In skin, fibrillin mutations result in phenotypes ranging from thick, stiff and fibrotic skin to thin, lax and hyperextensible skin. The most plausible explanation for this spectrum of phenotypic outcomes is that FMF regulate growth factor signalling essential for proper growth and homoeostasis of the skin. Here, we will give an overview about the current understanding of the underlying pathomechanisms leading to fibrillin-dependent fibrosis as well as forms of cutis laxa caused by mutational inactivation of FMF-associated ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christin S Adamo
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra V Zuk
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerhard Sengle
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Satz-Jacobowitz B, Hubmacher D. The quest for substrates and binding partners: A critical barrier for understanding the role of ADAMTS proteases in musculoskeletal development and disease. Dev Dyn 2020; 250:8-26. [PMID: 32875613 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted ADAMTS metalloproteases are involved in the sculpting, remodeling, and erosion of connective tissues throughout the body, including in the musculoskeletal system. ADAMTS proteases contribute to musculoskeletal development, pathological tissue destruction, and are mutated in congenital musculoskeletal disorders. Examples include versican cleavage by ADAMTS9 which is required for interdigital web regression during limb development, ADAMTS5-mediated aggrecan degradation in osteoarthritis resulting in joint erosion, and mutations in ADAMTS10 or ADAMTS17 that cause Weill-Marchesani syndrome, a short stature syndrome with bone, joint, muscle, cardiac, and eye involvement. Since the function of ADAMTS proteases and proteases in general is primarily defined by the molecular consequences of proteolysis of their respective substrates, it is paramount to identify all physiological substrates for each individual ADAMTS protease. Here, we review the current knowledge of ADAMTS proteases and their involvement in musculoskeletal development and disease, focusing on some of their known physiological substrates and the consequences of substrate cleavage. We further emphasize the critical need for the identification and validation of novel ADAMTS substrates and binding partners by describing the principles of mass spectrometry-based approaches and by emphasizing strategies that need to be considered for validating the physiological relevance for ADAMTS-mediated proteolysis of novel putative substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Satz-Jacobowitz
- Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Leni & Peter W. May Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dirk Hubmacher
- Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Leni & Peter W. May Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Peeters S, Decramer A, Cain SA, Houpt P, Verstreken F, Noyez J, Hermans C, Jacobs W, Lammens M, Fransen E, Kumar AA, Vandeweyer G, Loeys B, Van Hul W, Baldock C, Boudin E, Mortier G. Delineation of a new fibrillino-2-pathy with evidence for a role of FBN2 in the pathogenesis of carpal tunnel syndrome. J Med Genet 2020; 58:778-782. [PMID: 32900841 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2020-107085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common form of peripheral entrapment neuropathy, its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. An estimated heritability index of 0.46 and an increased familial occurrence indicate that genetic factors must play a role in the pathogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS We report on a family in which CTS occurred in subsequent generations at an unusually young age. Additional clinical features included brachydactyly and short Achilles tendons resulting in toe walking in childhood. Using exome sequencing, we identified a heterozygous variant (c.5009T>G; p.Phe1670Cys) in the fibrillin-2 (FBN2) gene that co-segregated with the phenotype in the family. Functional assays showed that the missense variant impaired integrin-mediated cell adhesion and migration. Moreover, we observed an increased transforming growth factor-β signalling and fibrosis in the carpal tissues of affected individuals. A variant burden test in a large cohort of patients with CTS revealed a significantly increased frequency of rare (6.7% vs 2.5%-3.4%, p<0.001) and high-impact (6.9% vs 2.7%, p<0.001) FBN2 variants in patient alleles compared with controls. CONCLUSION The identification of a novel FBN2 variant (p.Phe1670Cys) in a unique family with early onset CTS, together with the observed increased frequency of rare and high-impact FBN2 variants in patients with sporadic CTS, strongly suggest a role of FBN2 in the pathogenesis of CTS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Peeters
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Arne Decramer
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium
| | - Stuart Alan Cain
- Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter Houpt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Isala Clinic Zwolle, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan Noyez
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium
| | - Christophe Hermans
- Center for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Werner Jacobs
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Martin Lammens
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Erik Fransen
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Ajay Anand Kumar
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Paediatrics, Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute Cambridge, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Geert Vandeweyer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Biomedical Informatics Research Network Antwerp (Biomina), University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Bart Loeys
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Hul
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Clair Baldock
- Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Eveline Boudin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Geert Mortier
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Stanley S, Balic Z, Hubmacher D. Acromelic dysplasias: how rare musculoskeletal disorders reveal biological functions of extracellular matrix proteins. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1490:57-76. [PMID: 32880985 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acromelic dysplasias are a group of rare musculoskeletal disorders that collectively present with short stature, pseudomuscular build, stiff joints, and tight skin. Acromelic dysplasias are caused by mutations in genes (FBN1, ADAMTSL2, ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, LTBP2, and LTBP3) that encode secreted extracellular matrix proteins, and in SMAD4, an intracellular coregulator of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. The shared musculoskeletal presentations in acromelic dysplasias suggest that these proteins cooperate in a biological pathway, but also fulfill distinct roles in specific tissues that are affected in individual disorders of the acromelic dysplasia group. In addition, most of the affected proteins directly interact with fibrillin microfibrils in the extracellular matrix and have been linked to the regulation of TGF-β signaling. Together with recently developed knockout mouse models targeting the affected genes, novel insights into molecular mechanisms of how these proteins regulate musculoskeletal development and homeostasis have emerged. Here, we summarize the current knowledge highlighting pathogenic mechanisms of the different disorders that compose acromelic dysplasias and provide an overview of the emerging biological roles of the individual proteins that are compromised. Finally, we develop a conceptual model of how these proteins may interact and form an "acromelic dysplasia complex" on fibrillin microfibrils in connective tissues of the musculoskeletal system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Stanley
- Leni & Peter W. May Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Zerina Balic
- Leni & Peter W. May Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Dirk Hubmacher
- Leni & Peter W. May Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
As a rare congenital disease, microspherophakia (MSP) is characterized by small and spherically shaped crystalline lenses. The common complications of MSP include secondary glaucoma and crystalline lens dislocation or subluxation. Patients with MSP often show high lenticular myopia. The special morphological characteristics and complex complications bring challenges to the treatment of patients with MSP. Although there are some studies on MSP, most are case reports. In this article, the morphological characteristics, complications, genetic diagnosis, and treatment of MSP were systematically reviewed, providing valuable insight into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Collapse
|
48
|
Verstraeten A, Meester J, Peeters S, Mortier G, Loeys B. Chondrodysplasias and Aneurysmal Thoracic Aortopathy: An Emerging Tale of Molecular Intersection. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:783-795. [PMID: 32507656 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although at first glance chondrodysplasia and aneurysmal thoracic aortopathy seem oddly dissimilar, recent lines of evidences indicate that they share molecular similarities. Chondrodysplasias are a group of skeletal disorders characterized by genetic defects in hyaline cartilage. Aneurysmal thoracic aortopathy is the pathological enlargement of the thoracic aorta due to wall weakness, along with its ensuing life-threatening complications (i.e., aortic dissection and/or rupture). Extracellular matrix dysregulation, abnormal TGF-β signaling, and, to a more limited extent, endoplasmic reticulum stress emerge as common disease processes. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the genetic and pathomechanistic overlap as well as of how these commonalities can guide treatment strategies for both disease entities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Verstraeten
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium. @uantwerpen.be
| | - Josephina Meester
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Silke Peeters
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Mortier
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart Loeys
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hubmacher D. Cell-Based Interaction Analysis of ADAMTS Proteases and ADAMTS-Like Proteins with Fibrillin Microfibrils. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2043:195-206. [PMID: 31463913 PMCID: PMC6910243 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9698-8_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a composite biomaterial that serves as an anchor for cells and provides guidance cues for cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. However, many details of the hierarchical ECM assembly process and the role of individual protein-protein interactions are not well understood. Here, I describe a cell-culture-based method that allows for determination of the ECM localization of recombinant ADAMTS proteases and ADAMTS-like (L) proteins in relationship to fibrillin microfibrils deposited by human dermal fibroblasts. The method can be readily adapted to study the localization of ECM components other than ADAMTS and ADAMTSL proteins to fibrillin microfibrils and other ECM networks.
Collapse
|
50
|
Oichi T, Taniguchi Y, Soma K, Oshima Y, Yano F, Mori Y, Chijimatsu R, Kim-Kaneyama JR, Tanaka S, Saito T. Adamts17 is involved in skeletogenesis through modulation of BMP-Smad1/5/8 pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4795-4809. [PMID: 31201465 PMCID: PMC11105417 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillin microfibrils are ubiquitous elements of extracellular matrix assemblies that play crucial roles in regulating the bioavailability of growth factors of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. Recently, several "a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs" (ADAMTS) proteins were shown to regulate fibrillin microfibril function. Among them, ADAMTS17 is the causative gene of Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) and Weill-Marchesani-like syndrome, of which common symptoms are ectopia lentis and short stature. ADAMTS17 has also been linked to height variation in humans; however, the molecular mechanisms whereby ADAMTS17 regulates skeletal growth remain unknown. Here, we generated Adamts17-/- mice to examine the role of Adamts17 in skeletogenesis. Adamts17-/- mice recapitulated WMS, showing shorter long bones, brachydactyly, and thick skin. The hypertrophic zone of the growth plate in Adamts17-/- mice was shortened, with enhanced fibrillin-2 deposition, suggesting increased incorporation of fibrillin-2 into microfibrils. Comprehensive gene expression analysis of growth plates using laser microdissection and RNA sequencing indicated alteration of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway after Adamts17 knockout. Consistent with this, phospho-Smad1 levels were downregulated in the hypertrophic zone of the growth plate and in Adamts17-/- primary chondrocytes. Delayed terminal differentiation of Adamts17-/- chondrocytes, observed both in primary chondrocyte and primordial metatarsal cultures, and was prevented by BMP treatment. Our data indicated that Adamts17 is involved in skeletal formation by modulating BMP-Smad1/5/8 pathway, possibly through inhibiting the incorporation of fibrillin-2 into microfibrils. Our findings will contribute to further understanding of disease mechanisms and will facilitate the development of therapeutic interventions for WMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Oichi
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yuki Taniguchi
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Soma
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yasushi Oshima
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Fumiko Yano
- Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Mori
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, 350-0283, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryota Chijimatsu
- Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Joo-Ri Kim-Kaneyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Taku Saito
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|