1
|
Martin EJ, Santacruz C, Mitevska A, Jones IE, Krishnan G, Gao FB, Finan JD, Kiskinis E. Traumatic injury causes selective degeneration and TDP-43 mislocalization in human iPSC-derived C9orf72-associated ALS/FTD motor neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.21.586073. [PMID: 38585915 PMCID: PMC10996466 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.21.586073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
A hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) in C9orf72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). However, patients with the HRE exhibit a wide disparity in clinical presentation and age of symptom onset suggesting an interplay between genetic background and environmental stressors. Neurotrauma as a result of traumatic brain or spinal cord injury has been shown to increase the risk of ALS/FTD in epidemiological studies. Here, we combine patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with a custom-built device to deliver biofidelic stretch trauma to C9orf72 patient and isogenic control motor neurons (MNs) in vitro. We find that mutant but not control MNs exhibit selective degeneration after a single incident of severe trauma, which can be partially rescued by pretreatment with a C9orf72 antisense oligonucleotide. A single incident of mild trauma does not cause degeneration but leads to cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43 in C9orf72 MNs. This mislocalization, which only occurs briefly in isogenic controls, is eventually restored in C9orf72 MNs after 6 days. Lastly, repeated mild trauma ablates the ability of patient MNs to recover. These findings highlight alterations in TDP-43 dynamics in C9orf72 ALS/FTD patient MNs following traumatic injury and demonstrate that neurotrauma compounds neuropathology in C9orf72 ALS/FTD. More broadly, our work establishes an in vitro platform that can be used to interrogate the mechanistic interactions between ALS/FTD and neurotrauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Martin
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Citlally Santacruz
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Angela Mitevska
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ian E. Jones
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gopinath Krishnan
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - John D. Finan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Evangelos Kiskinis
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dar NJ, John U, Bano N, Khan S, Bhat SA. Oxytosis/Ferroptosis in Neurodegeneration: the Underlying Role of Master Regulator Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1507-1526. [PMID: 37725216 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxytosis/ferroptosis is an iron-dependent oxidative form of cell death triggered by lethal accumulation of phospholipid hydroperoxides (PLOOHs) in membranes. Failure of the intricate PLOOH repair system is a principle cause of ferroptotic cell death. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is distinctly vital for converting PLOOHs in membranes to non-toxic alcohols. As such, GPX4 is known as the master regulator of oxytosis/ferroptosis. Ferroptosis has been implicated in a number of disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), etc.), ischemia/reperfusion injury, and kidney degeneration. Reduced function of GPX4 is frequently observed in degenerative disorders. In this study, we examine how diminished GPX4 function may be a critical event in triggering oxytosis/ferroptosis to perpetuate or initiate the neurodegenerative diseases and assess the possible therapeutic importance of oxytosis/ferroptosis in neurodegenerative disorders. These discoveries are important for advancing our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases because oxytosis/ferroptosis may provide a new target to slow the course of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nawab John Dar
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Urmilla John
- School of Studies in Neuroscience, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
- School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Nargis Bano
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, India
| | - Sameera Khan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, India
| | - Shahnawaz Ali Bhat
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parker TD, Zimmerman KA, Laverse E, Bourke NJ, Graham NSN, Mallas EJ, Heslegrave A, Zetterberg H, Kemp S, Morris HR, Sharp DJ. Active elite rugby participation is associated with altered precentral cortical thickness. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad257. [PMID: 38025272 PMCID: PMC10667029 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing concern that elite rugby participation may negatively influence brain health, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Cortical thickness is a widely applied biomarker of grey matter structure, but there is limited research into how it may be altered in active professional rugby players. Cross-sectional MRI data from 44 active elite rugby players, including 21 assessed within 1 week of head injury, and 47 healthy controls were analysed. We investigated how active elite rugby participation with and without sub-acute traumatic brain injury influenced grey matter structure using whole cortex and region of interest cortical thickness analyses. Relationships between cortical thickness and biomarkers of traumatic brain injury, including fractional anisotropy, plasma neurofilament light and glial fibrillary acidic protein, were also examined. In whole-cortex analyses, precentral cortical thickness in the right hemisphere was lower in rugby players compared with controls, which was due to reductions in non-injured players. Post hoc region of interest analyses showed non-injured rugby players had reduced cortical thickness in the inferior precentral sulcal thickness bilaterally (P = 0.005) and the left central sulcus (P = 0.037) relative to controls. In contrast, players in the sub-acute phase of mild traumatic brain injury had higher inferior precentral sulcal cortical thickness in the right hemisphere (P = 0.015). Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein, a marker of astrocyte activation, was positively associated with right inferior precentral sulcal cortical thickness in injured rugby players (P = 0.0012). Elite rugby participation is associated with localized alterations in cortical thickness, specifically in sulcal motor regions. Sub-acute changes after mild traumatic brain injury are associated with evidence of astrocytic activation. The combination of cortical thickness and glial fibrillary acidic protein may be useful in understanding the pathophysiological relationship between sporting head injury and brain health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Parker
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Dementia Research Institute Care, Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Karl A Zimmerman
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Dementia Research Institute Care, Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | | | - Niall J Bourke
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Neil S N Graham
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Dementia Research Institute Care, Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Emma-Jane Mallas
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Dementia Research Institute Care, Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UKDRI Fluid Biomarker Laboratory, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UKDRI Fluid Biomarker Laboratory, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, 431 41, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, 413 45, Sweden
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Kemp
- Rugby Football Union, Twickenham Stadium, Twickenham, Middlesex TW2 7BA, UK
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Huw R Morris
- UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - David J Sharp
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Dementia Research Institute Care, Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chang K, Gao D, Yan J, Lin L, Cui T, Lu S. Critical Roles of Protein Arginine Methylation in the Central Nervous System. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6060-6091. [PMID: 37415067 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
A remarkable post-transitional modification of both histones and non-histone proteins is arginine methylation. Methylation of arginine residues is crucial for a wide range of cellular process, including signal transduction, DNA repair, gene expression, mRNA splicing, and protein interaction. Arginine methylation is modulated by arginine methyltransferases and demethylases, like protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMTs) and Jumonji C (JmjC) domain containing (JMJD) proteins. Symmetric dimethylarginine and asymmetric dimethylarginine, metabolic products of the PRMTs and JMJD proteins, can be changed by abnormal expression of these proteins. Many pathologies including cancer, inflammation and immune responses have been closely linked to aberrant arginine methylation. Currently, the majority of the literature discusses the substrate specificity and function of arginine methylation in the pathogenesis and prognosis of cancers. Numerous investigations on the roles of arginine methylation in the central nervous system (CNS) have so far been conducted. In this review, we display the biochemistry of arginine methylation and provide an overview of the regulatory mechanism of arginine methyltransferases and demethylases. We also highlight physiological functions of arginine methylation in the CNS and the significance of arginine methylation in a variety of neurological diseases such as brain cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, we summarize PRMT inhibitors and molecular functions of arginine methylation. Finally, we pose important questions that require further research to comprehend the roles of arginine methylation in the CNS and discover more effective targets for the treatment of neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jidong Yan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liyan Lin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, Yuan L, Yang H, Guo Y, Zheng W, Fan K, Deng S, Gong L, Xu H, Yang Z, Cheng J, Kang M, Deng H. Analysis of SOD1 Variants in Chinese Patients with Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. QJM 2023; 116:365-374. [PMID: 36661322 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease, and genetic contributors exert a significant role in the complicated pathogenesis. Identification of the genetic causes in ALS families could be valuable for early diagnosis and management. The development of potential drugs for patients with genetic defects will shed new light on ALS therapy. AIM To identify causative variants in three Chinese families with familial ALS (FALS), reveal the pathogenic mechanism, and look for the targeted drug for ALS. DESIGN AND METHODS Whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatics were used to perform genetic analysis of the ALS families. Functional analysis was performed to study the variants' function and search for potential drug targets. RESULTS Three heterozygous missense variants of the SOD1 gene were identified in families with FALS. The clinical manifestations of these patients include spinal onset, predominant lower motor neurons presentation, and absence of cognitive involvement. Functional analysis showed that all three SOD1 variants led to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, reduced cell viability, and formation of cytoplasmic aggregates. Remarkably, the decreased cell viability induced by variants was rescued after treatment with the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine. CONCLUSIONS This study identified three SOD1 variants in three families with FALS. The variant SOD1 toxicity was associated with oxidative damage and aggregation, and N-acetylcysteine could rescue the decreased cell viability induced by these variants. Our findings support a pathogenic role for ROS in SOD1 deficiencies, and provide a potential drug N-acetylcysteine for ALS therapy, especially in SOD1-patients with limb onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- Health Management Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - L Yuan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Disease Genome Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Yang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Kaili, China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Medical Information, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - W Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - K Fan
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - S Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - L Gong
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Xu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Z Yang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - J Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - M Kang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Deng
- Health Management Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Disease Genome Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Marzoughi S, Pfeffer G, Cashman N. Primary lateral sclerosis. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 196:89-99. [PMID: 37620095 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98817-9.00021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Like motor neuron diseases (MNDs) refer to a constellation of primarily sporadic neurodegenerative diseases characterized by a progressive loss of upper and/or lower motor neurons. Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is considered a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by a gradually progressive course affecting the central motor systems, designated by the phrase "upper motor neurons." Despite significant development in neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and molecular biology, there is a growing consensus that PLS is of unknown etiology. Currently there is no disease-modifying treatment for PLS, or prospective randomized trials being carried out, partly due to the rarity of the disease and lack of significant understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. Consequently, the approach to treatment remains largely symptomatic. In this chapter we provide an overview of primary lateral sclerosis including clinical and electrodiagnostic considerations, differential diagnosis, updates in genetics and pathophysiology, and future directions for research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Marzoughi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gerald Pfeffer
- Department of Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Neil Cashman
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Angeloni C, Malaguti M, Prata C, Freschi M, Barbalace MC, Hrelia S. Mechanisms Underlying Neurodegenerative Disorders and Potential Neuroprotective Activity of Agrifood By-Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010094. [PMID: 36670956 PMCID: PMC9854890 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive loss in selected areas of the nervous system, are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide due to an aging population. Despite their diverse clinical manifestations, neurodegenerative diseases are multifactorial disorders with standard features and mechanisms such as abnormal protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. As there are no effective treatments to counteract neurodegenerative diseases, increasing interest has been directed to the potential neuroprotective activities of plant-derived compounds found abundantly in food and in agrifood by-products. Food waste has an extremely negative impact on the environment, and recycling is needed to promote their disposal and overcome this problem. Many studies have been carried out to develop green and effective strategies to extract bioactive compounds from food by-products, such as peel, leaves, seeds, bran, kernel, pomace, and oil cake, and to investigate their biological activity. In this review, we focused on the potential neuroprotective activity of agrifood wastes obtained by common products widely produced and consumed in Italy, such as grapes, coffee, tomatoes, olives, chestnuts, onions, apples, and pomegranates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Angeloni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Marco Malaguti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Cecilia Prata
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Michela Freschi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Barbalace
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The Cellular and Molecular Signature of ALS in Muscle. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111868. [PMID: 36579600 PMCID: PMC9692882 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Although motor neuron death is the core event of ALS pathology, it is increasingly recognized that other tissues and cell types are affected in the disease, making potentially major contributions to the occurrence and progression of pathology. We review here the known cellular and molecular characteristics of muscle tissue affected by ALS. Evidence of toxicity in skeletal muscle tissue is considered, including metabolic dysfunctions, impaired proteostasis, and deficits in muscle regeneration and RNA metabolism. The role of muscle as a secretory organ, and effects on the skeletal muscle secretome are also covered, including the increase in secretion of toxic factors or decrease in essential factors that have consequences for neuronal function and survival.
Collapse
|
9
|
Cozzi M, Ferrari V. Autophagy Dysfunction in ALS: from Transport to Protein Degradation. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1456-1481. [PMID: 35708843 PMCID: PMC9293831 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons (MNs). Since the identification of the first ALS mutation in 1993, more than 40 genes have been associated with the disorder. The most frequent genetic causes of ALS are represented by mutated genes whose products challenge proteostasis, becoming unable to properly fold and consequently aggregating into inclusions that impose proteotoxic stress on affected cells. In this context, increasing evidence supports the central role played by autophagy dysfunctions in the pathogenesis of ALS. Indeed, in early stages of disease, high levels of proteins involved in autophagy are present in ALS MNs; but at the same time, with neurodegeneration progression, autophagy-mediated degradation decreases, often as a result of the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates in affected cells. Autophagy is a complex multistep pathway that has a central role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Several proteins are involved in its tight regulation, and importantly a relevant fraction of ALS-related genes encodes products that directly take part in autophagy, further underlining the relevance of this key protein degradation system in disease onset and progression. In this review, we report the most relevant findings concerning ALS genes whose products are involved in the several steps of the autophagic pathway, from phagophore formation to autophagosome maturation and transport and finally to substrate degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cozzi
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmacologiche E Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Veronica Ferrari
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmacologiche E Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lanznaster D, Bruno C, Bourgeais J, Emond P, Zemmoura I, Lefèvre A, Reynier P, Eymieux S, Blanchard E, Vourc’h P, Andres CR, Bakkouche SE, Herault O, Favard L, Corcia P, Blasco H. Metabolic Profile and Pathological Alterations in the Muscle of Patients with Early-Stage Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061307. [PMID: 35740329 PMCID: PMC9220134 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse biomarkers and pathological alterations have been found in muscle of patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the relation between such alterations and dysfunction in energetic metabolism remains to be investigated. We established the metabolome of muscle and serum of ALS patients and correlated these findings with the clinical status and pathological alterations observed in the muscle. We obtained data from 20 controls and 17 ALS patients (disease duration: 9.4 ± 6.8 months). Multivariate metabolomics analysis identified a distinct serum metabolome for ALS compared to controls (p-CV-ANOVA < 0.035) and revealed an excellent discriminant profile for muscle metabolome (p-CV-ANOVA < 0.0012). Citramalate was discriminant for both muscle and serum. High lauroylcarnitine levels in muscle were associated with low Forced Vital Capacity. Transcriptomics analysis of key antioxidant enzymes showed an upregulation of SOD3 (p = 0.0017) and GLRX2(1) (p = 0.0022) in ALS muscle. Analysis of mitochondrial enzymatic activity in muscle revealed higher complex II/CS (p = 0.04) and lower LDH (p = 0.03) activity in ALS than in controls. Our study showed, for the first time, a global dysfunction in the muscle of early-stage ALS patients. Furthermore, we identified novel metabolites to be employed as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of ALS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Débora Lanznaster
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, 37000 Tours, France; (C.B.); (P.E.); (I.Z.); (A.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.); (H.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Clément Bruno
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, 37000 Tours, France; (C.B.); (P.E.); (I.Z.); (A.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.); (H.B.)
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Jérôme Bourgeais
- CNRS ERL7001, EA 7501 GICC, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (J.B.); (O.H.)
| | - Patrick Emond
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, 37000 Tours, France; (C.B.); (P.E.); (I.Z.); (A.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.); (H.B.)
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire In Vitro, CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Ilyess Zemmoura
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, 37000 Tours, France; (C.B.); (P.E.); (I.Z.); (A.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.); (H.B.)
- Service de Neurochirurgie, CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Antoine Lefèvre
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, 37000 Tours, France; (C.B.); (P.E.); (I.Z.); (A.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.); (H.B.)
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU d’Angers, 49000 Angers, France;
- Mitovasc-Mitolab, UMR CNRS6015-INSERM1083, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Sébastien Eymieux
- Plateforme IBiSA de Microscopie Electronique, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (S.E.); (E.B.)
- INSERM U1259, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Emmanuelle Blanchard
- Plateforme IBiSA de Microscopie Electronique, Université de Tours et CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (S.E.); (E.B.)
- INSERM U1259, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Patrick Vourc’h
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, 37000 Tours, France; (C.B.); (P.E.); (I.Z.); (A.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.); (H.B.)
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Christian R. Andres
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, 37000 Tours, France; (C.B.); (P.E.); (I.Z.); (A.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.); (H.B.)
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | | | - Olivier Herault
- CNRS ERL7001, EA 7501 GICC, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; (J.B.); (O.H.)
| | - Luc Favard
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France;
| | - Philippe Corcia
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, 37000 Tours, France; (C.B.); (P.E.); (I.Z.); (A.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.); (H.B.)
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France;
| | - Hélène Blasco
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, 37000 Tours, France; (C.B.); (P.E.); (I.Z.); (A.L.); (P.V.); (C.R.A.); (P.C.); (H.B.)
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Miceli M, Exertier C, Cavaglià M, Gugole E, Boccardo M, Casaluci RR, Ceccarelli N, De Maio A, Vallone B, Deriu MA. ALS2-Related Motor Neuron Diseases: From Symptoms to Molecules. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:77. [PMID: 35053075 PMCID: PMC8773251 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Infantile-onset Ascending Hereditary Spastic Paralysis, Juvenile Primary Lateral Sclerosis and Juvenile Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis are all motor neuron diseases related to mutations on the ALS2 gene, encoding for a 1657 amino acids protein named Alsin. This ~185 kDa multi-domain protein is ubiquitously expressed in various human tissues, mostly in the brain and the spinal cord. Several investigations have indicated how mutations within Alsin's structured domains may be responsible for the alteration of Alsin's native oligomerization state or Alsin's propensity to interact with protein partners. In this review paper, we propose a description of differences and similarities characterizing the above-mentioned ALS2-related rare neurodegenerative disorders, pointing attention to the effects of ALS2 mutation from molecule to organ and at the system level. Known cases were collected through a literature review and rationalized to deeply elucidate the neurodegenerative clinical outcomes as consequences of ALS2 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Miceli
- PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.M.); (M.C.); (M.B.); (R.R.C.); (N.C.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Cécile Exertier
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.E.); (E.G.); (B.V.)
| | - Marco Cavaglià
- PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.M.); (M.C.); (M.B.); (R.R.C.); (N.C.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Elena Gugole
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.E.); (E.G.); (B.V.)
| | - Marta Boccardo
- PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.M.); (M.C.); (M.B.); (R.R.C.); (N.C.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Rossana Rita Casaluci
- PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.M.); (M.C.); (M.B.); (R.R.C.); (N.C.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Noemi Ceccarelli
- PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.M.); (M.C.); (M.B.); (R.R.C.); (N.C.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Alessandra De Maio
- PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.M.); (M.C.); (M.B.); (R.R.C.); (N.C.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Beatrice Vallone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.E.); (E.G.); (B.V.)
| | - Marco A. Deriu
- PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.M.); (M.C.); (M.B.); (R.R.C.); (N.C.); (A.D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pasniceanu IS, Atwal MS, Souza CDS, Ferraiuolo L, Livesey MR. Emerging Mechanisms Underpinning Neurophysiological Impairments in C9ORF72 Repeat Expansion-Mediated Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Frontotemporal Dementia. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:784833. [PMID: 34975412 PMCID: PMC8715728 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.784833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons and neurons of the prefrontal cortex. The emergence of the C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion mutation as the leading genetic cause of ALS and FTD has led to a progressive understanding of the multiple cellular pathways leading to neuronal degeneration. Disturbances in neuronal function represent a major subset of these mechanisms and because such functional perturbations precede degeneration, it is likely that impaired neuronal function in ALS/FTD plays an active role in pathogenesis. This is supported by the fact that ALS/FTD patients consistently present with neurophysiological impairments prior to any apparent degeneration. In this review we summarize how the discovery of the C9ORF72 repeat expansion mutation has contributed to the current understanding of neuronal dysfunction in ALS/FTD. Here, we discuss the impact of the repeat expansion on neuronal function in relation to intrinsic excitability, synaptic, network and ion channel properties, highlighting evidence of conserved and divergent pathophysiological impacts between cortical and motor neurons and the influence of non-neuronal cells. We further highlight the emerging association between these dysfunctional properties with molecular mechanisms of the C9ORF72 mutation that appear to include roles for both, haploinsufficiency of the C9ORF72 protein and aberrantly generated dipeptide repeat protein species. Finally, we suggest that relating key pathological observations in C9ORF72 repeat expansion ALS/FTD patients to the mechanistic impact of the C9ORF72 repeat expansion on neuronal function will lead to an improved understanding of how neurophysiological dysfunction impacts upon pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris-Stefania Pasniceanu
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Manpreet Singh Atwal
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Cleide Dos Santos Souza
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Ferraiuolo
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew R Livesey
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Stanzione A, Polini A, La Pesa V, Quattrini A, Romano A, Gigli G, Moroni L, Gervaso F. Thermosensitive chitosan-based hydrogels supporting motor neuron-like NSC-34 cell differentiation. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:7492-7503. [PMID: 34642708 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01129d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Motor neuron diseases are neurodegenerative diseases that predominantly affect the neuromuscular system. To date, there are no valid therapeutic treatments for such diseases, and the classical experimental models fail in faithfully reproducing the pathological mechanisms behind them. In this regard, the use of three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, which more closely reproduce the native in vivo environment, can be a promising approach. Hydrogel-based systems are among the most used materials to reproduce the extracellular matrix, featuring an intrinsic similarity with its physiological characteristics. In this study, we developed a thermosensitive chitosan-based hydrogel combined with β-glycerophosphate (βGP) and sodium hydrogen carbonate (SHC), which give the system optimal mechanical properties and injectability, inducing the hydrogel sol-gel transition at 37 °C. An ad hoc protocol for the preparation of the hydrogel was established in order to obtain a highly homogeneous system, leading to reproducible physicochemical characteristics and easy cell encapsulation. All formulations supported the viability of a neuroblastoma/spinal cord hybrid cell line (NSC-34) beyond two weeks of culture and enabled cell differentiation towards a motor neuron-like morphology, characterized by the presence of extended neurites. Based on our results, these hydrogels represent excellent candidates for establishing 3D in vitro models of motor neuron diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Stanzione
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, LE, Italy.,CNR-Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | | - Velia La Pesa
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology and Division of Neuroscience, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology and Division of Neuroscience, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Romano
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology and Division of Neuroscience, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, LE, Italy.,CNR-Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- CNR-Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, 73100 Lecce, Italy. .,Complex Tissue Regeneration department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dong R, Li X, Lai KO. Activity and Function of the PRMT8 Protein Arginine Methyltransferase in Neurons. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111132. [PMID: 34833008 PMCID: PMC8621972 DOI: 10.3390/life11111132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the nine mammalian protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), PRMT8 is unusual because it has restricted expression in the nervous system and is the only membrane-bound PRMT. Emerging studies have demonstrated that this enzyme plays multifaceted roles in diverse processes in neurons. Here we will summarize the unique structural features of PRMT8 and describe how it participates in various neuronal functions such as dendritic growth, synapse maturation, and synaptic plasticity. Recent evidence suggesting the potential role of PRMT8 function in neurological diseases will also be discussed.
Collapse
|
15
|
Role of EphA4 in Mediating Motor Neuron Death in MND. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179430. [PMID: 34502339 PMCID: PMC8430883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron disease (MND) comprises a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases with no effective cure. As progressive motor neuron cell death is one of pathological characteristics of MND, molecules which protect these cells are attractive therapeutic targets. Accumulating evidence indicates that EphA4 activation is involved in MND pathogenesis, and inhibition of EphA4 improves functional outcomes. However, the underlying mechanism of EphA4’s function in MND is unclear. In this review, we first present results to demonstrate that EphA4 signalling acts directly on motor neurons to cause cell death. We then review the three most likely mechanisms underlying this effect.
Collapse
|
16
|
Nahm M, Lim SM, Kim YE, Park J, Noh MY, Lee S, Roh JE, Hwang SM, Park CK, Kim YH, Lim G, Lee J, Oh KW, Ki CS, Kim SH. ANXA11 mutations in ALS cause dysregulation of calcium homeostasis and stress granule dynamics. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/566/eaax3993. [PMID: 33087501 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax3993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of calcium ion homeostasis and abnormal protein aggregation have been proposed as major pathogenic hallmarks underpinning selective degeneration of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recently, mutations in annexin A11 (ANXA11), a gene encoding a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, have been identified in familial and sporadic ALS. However, the physiological and pathophysiological roles of ANXA11 remain unknown. Here, we report functions of ANXA11 related to intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and stress granule dynamics. We analyzed the exome sequences of 500 Korean patients with sALS and identified nine ANXA11 variants in 13 patients. The amino-terminal variants p.G38R and p.D40G within the low-complexity domain of ANXA11 enhanced aggregation propensity, whereas the carboxyl-terminal ANX domain variants p.H390P and p.R456H altered Ca2+ responses. Furthermore, all four variants in ANXA11 underwent abnormal phase separation to form droplets with aggregates and led to the alteration of the biophysical properties of ANXA11. These functional defects caused by ALS-linked variants induced alterations in both intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and stress granule disassembly. We also revealed that p.G228Lfs*29 reduced ANXA11 expression and impaired Ca2+ homeostasis, as caused by missense variants. Ca2+-dependent interaction and coaggregation between ANXA11 and ALS-causative RNA-binding proteins, FUS and hnRNPA1, were observed in motor neuron cells and brain from a patient with ALS-FUS. The expression of ALS-linked ANXA11 variants in motor neuron cells caused cytoplasmic sequestration of endogenous FUS and triggered neuronal apoptosis. Together, our findings suggest that disease-associated ANXA11 mutations can contribute to ALS pathogenesis through toxic gain-of-function mechanisms involving abnormal protein aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minyeop Nahm
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Su Min Lim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Young-Eun Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jinseok Park
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Min-Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sanggon Lee
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ju Eun Roh
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Sung-Min Hwang
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Chul-Kyu Park
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - GyuTae Lim
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Ki-Wook Oh
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | | | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea. .,Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Malacarne C, Galbiati M, Giagnorio E, Cavalcante P, Salerno F, Andreetta F, Cagnoli C, Taiana M, Nizzardo M, Corti S, Pensato V, Venerando A, Gellera C, Fenu S, Pareyson D, Masson R, Maggi L, Dalla Bella E, Lauria G, Mantegazza R, Bernasconi P, Poletti A, Bonanno S, Marcuzzo S. Dysregulation of Muscle-Specific MicroRNAs as Common Pathogenic Feature Associated with Muscle Atrophy in ALS, SMA and SBMA: Evidence from Animal Models and Human Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115673. [PMID: 34073630 PMCID: PMC8198536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by upper and/or lower MN loss. MNDs include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Despite variability in onset, progression, and genetics, they share a common skeletal muscle involvement, suggesting that it could be a primary site for MND pathogenesis. Due to the key role of muscle-specific microRNAs (myomiRs) in skeletal muscle development, by real-time PCR we investigated the expression of miR-206, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-1, and their target genes, in G93A-SOD1 ALS, Δ7SMA, and KI-SBMA mouse muscle during disease progression. Further, we analyzed their expression in serum of SOD1-mutated ALS, SMA, and SBMA patients, to demonstrate myomiR role as noninvasive biomarkers. Our data showed a dysregulation of myomiRs and their targets, in ALS, SMA, and SBMA mice, revealing a common pathogenic feature associated with muscle impairment. A similar myomiR signature was observed in patients’ sera. In particular, an up-regulation of miR-206 was identified in both mouse muscle and serum of human patients. Our overall findings highlight the role of myomiRs as promising biomarkers in ALS, SMA, and SBMA. Further investigations are needed to explore the potential of myomiRs as therapeutic targets for MND treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Malacarne
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Mariarita Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Eleonora Giagnorio
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Franco Salerno
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Francesca Andreetta
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Cinza Cagnoli
- Molecular Neuroanatomy and Pathogenesis Unit, Neurology VII—Clinical and Experimental Epileptology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Michela Taiana
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Monica Nizzardo
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (S.C.)
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Viviana Pensato
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.P.); (A.V.); (C.G.)
| | - Anna Venerando
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.P.); (A.V.); (C.G.)
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.P.); (A.V.); (C.G.)
| | - Silvia Fenu
- Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Davide Pareyson
- Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Riccardo Masson
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Eleonora Dalla Bella
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.D.B.); (G.L.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Pia Bernasconi
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milano, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (S.M.); Tel.: +39-02-5031-8215 (A.P.); Tel.: +39-02-2394-4511 (ext. 4651) (S.M.); Fax: +39-02-70633874 (S.M.)
| | - Silvia Bonanno
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Stefania Marcuzzo
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (S.M.); Tel.: +39-02-5031-8215 (A.P.); Tel.: +39-02-2394-4511 (ext. 4651) (S.M.); Fax: +39-02-70633874 (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cicardi ME, Marrone L, Azzouz M, Trotti D. Proteostatic imbalance and protein spreading in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106389. [PMID: 33792056 PMCID: PMC8126909 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder whose exact causative mechanisms are still under intense investigation. Several lines of evidence suggest that the anatomical and temporal propagation of pathological protein species along the neural axis could be among the main driving mechanisms for the fast and irreversible progression of ALS pathology. Many ALS-associated proteins form intracellular aggregates as a result of their intrinsic prion-like properties and/or following impairment of the protein quality control systems. During the disease course, these mutated proteins and aberrant peptides are released in the extracellular milieu as soluble or aggregated forms through a variety of mechanisms. Internalization by recipient cells may seed further aggregation and amplify existing proteostatic imbalances, thus triggering a vicious cycle that propagates pathology in vulnerable cells, such as motor neurons and other susceptible neuronal subtypes. Here, we provide an in-depth review of ALS pathology with a particular focus on the disease mechanisms of seeding and transmission of the most common ALS-associated proteins, including SOD1, FUS, TDP-43, and C9orf72-linked dipeptide repeats. For each of these proteins, we report historical, biochemical, and pathological evidence of their behaviors in ALS. We further discuss the possibility to harness pathological proteins as biomarkers and reflect on the implications of these findings for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Cicardi
- Department of NeuroscienceWeinberg ALS CenterVickie and Jack Farber Institute for NeuroscienceThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Lara Marrone
- Department of NeuroscienceSheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN)University of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Mimoun Azzouz
- Department of NeuroscienceSheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN)University of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Davide Trotti
- Department of NeuroscienceWeinberg ALS CenterVickie and Jack Farber Institute for NeuroscienceThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Baguma M, Nzabara F, Maheshe Balemba G, Malembaka EB, Migabo C, Mudumbi G, Bito V, Cliff J, Rigo JM, Chabwine JN. Konzo risk factors, determinants and etiopathogenesis: What is new? A systematic review. Neurotoxicology 2021; 85:54-67. [PMID: 33964344 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Konzo is a toxico-nutritional upper motor neuron disease causing a spastic paraparesis in schoolchildren and childbearing women in some African countries. Almost a century since the first description of konzo, its underlying etiopathogenic mechanisms and causative agent remain unknown. This paper aims at refreshing the current knowledge of konzo determinants and pathogenesis in order to enlighten potential new research and management perspectives. Literature research was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases according to the PRISMA methodology. Available data show that cassava-derived cyanide poisoning and protein malnutrition constitute two well-documented risk factors of konzo. However, observational studies have failed to demonstrate the causal relationship between konzo and cyanide poisoning. Thiocyanate, the current marker of choice of cyanide exposure, may underestimate the actual level of cyanide poisoning in konzo patients as a larger amount of cyanide is detoxified via other unusual pathways in the context of protein malnutrition characterizing these patients. Furthermore, the appearance of konzo may be the consequence of the interplay of several factors including cyanide metabolites, nutritional deficiencies, psycho-emotional and geo-environmental factors, resulting in pathophysiologic phenomena such as excitotoxicity or oxidative stress, responsible for neuronal damage that takes place at sparse cellular and/or subcellular levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Baguma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu (HPGRB), Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), UHasselt - Hasselt University, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Fabrice Nzabara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu (HPGRB), Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo; École Régionale de Santé Publique (ERSP), Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ghislain Maheshe Balemba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu (HPGRB), Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Espoir Bwenge Malembaka
- École Régionale de Santé Publique (ERSP), Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Christiane Migabo
- Faculty of Agronomy, Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Germain Mudumbi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu (HPGRB), Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Virginie Bito
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), UHasselt - Hasselt University, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Julie Cliff
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Health, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Jean-Michel Rigo
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), UHasselt - Hasselt University, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Joëlle Nsimire Chabwine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu (HPGRB), Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mohi-Ud-Din R, Mir RH, Shah AJ, Sabreen S, Wani TU, Masoodi MH, Akkol EK, Bhat ZA, Khan H. Plant-Derived Natural Compounds for the treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Update. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:179-193. [PMID: 33913406 PMCID: PMC9199545 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210428120514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a motor neuron disease (MND) that typically causes death within 3-5 years after diagnosis. Regardless of the substantial scientific knowledge accrued more than a century ago, truly effective therapeutic strategies remain distant. Various conventional drugs are being used but are having several adverse effects. Objective/Aim The current study aims to thoroughly review plant-derived compounds with well-defined ALS activities and their structure-activity relationships. Moreover, the review also focuses on complex genetics, clinical trials, and the use of natural products that might decrypt the future and novel therapeutics in ALS. Methods The collection of data for the compilation of this review work was searched in PubMed Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Results Results showed that phytochemicals like-Ginkgolides, Protopanaxatriol, Genistein, epigallocatechingallate, resveratrol, cassoside, and others possess Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) activity by various mechanisms. Conclusion These plant-derived compounds may be considered as supplements for conventional (ALS). Moreover, further preclinical and clinical studies are required to understand the structure-activity relationships, metabolism, absorption, and mechanisms of plant-derived natural agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roohi Mohi-Ud-Din
- Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Abdul Jalil Shah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Saba Sabreen
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Taha Umair Wani
- Pharmaceutics Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Mubashir Hussain Masoodi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara. Turkey
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Bhat
- Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200. Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A State of the Art of Antioxidant Properties of Curcuminoids in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063168. [PMID: 33804658 PMCID: PMC8003642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases represent a set of pathologies characterized by an irreversible and progressive, and a loss of neuronal cells in specific areas of the brain. Oxidative phosphorylation is a source of energy production by which many cells, such as the neuronal cells, meet their energy needs. Dysregulations of oxidative phosphorylation induce oxidative stress, which plays a key role in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To date, for most neurodegenerative diseases, there are no resolute treatments, but only interventions capable of alleviating the symptoms or slowing the course of the disease. Therefore, effective neuroprotection strategies are needed. In recent years, natural products, such as curcuminoids, have been intensively explored and studied for their therapeutic potentials in several neurodegenerative diseases. Curcuminoids are, nutraceutical compouns, that owen several therapeutic properties such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. In this context, the aim of this review was to provide an overview of preclinical and clinical evidence aimed to illustrate the antioxidant effects of curcuminoids in neurodegenerative diseases. Promising results from preclinical studies encourage the use of curcuminoids for neurodegeneration prevention and treatment.
Collapse
|
22
|
Abdulhussein D, Kanda M, Aamir A, Manzar H, Yap TE, Cordeiro MF. Apoptosis in health and diseases of the eye and brain. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 126:279-306. [PMID: 34090617 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) and enables the immunologically silent disposal of senescent or unwanted cells, causing minimal damage to the surrounding environment. Apoptosis can occur via intrinsic or extrinsic pathways that initiate a series of intracellular and extracellular signaling events. This ultimately leads to the clearance of the cell by phagocytes. This normal physiological mechanism may be accelerated in several diseases including those involving the eyes and brain, leading to loss of structure and function. This review presents the role of PCD in the health of the eyes and brain, and the evidence presented for its aberrant role in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Abdulhussein
- The Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mumta Kanda
- The Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (ICHNT), London, United Kingdom
| | - Abdullah Aamir
- Whipps Cross Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Haider Manzar
- The Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy E Yap
- The Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (ICHNT), London, United Kingdom; The Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Francesca Cordeiro
- The Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (ICHNT), London, United Kingdom; The Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Glaucoma and Retinal Neurodegeneration Group, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The Impact of Microbiota on the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and the Possible Benefits of Polyphenols. An Overview. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11020120. [PMID: 33672485 PMCID: PMC7923408 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between gut microbiota and neurodegenerative diseases is becoming clearer. Among said diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) stands out due to its severity and, as with other chronic pathologies that cause neurodegeneration, gut microbiota could play a fundamental role in its pathogenesis. Therefore, polyphenols could be a therapeutic alternative due to their anti-inflammatory action and probiotic effect. Thus, the objective of our narrative review was to identify those bacteria that could have connection with the mentioned disease (ALS) and to analyze the benefits produced by administering polyphenols. Therefore, an extensive search was carried out selecting the most relevant articles published between 2005 and 2020 on the PubMed and EBSCO database on research carried out on cell, animal and human models of the disease. Thereby, after selecting, analyzing and debating the main articles on this topic, the bacteria related to the pathogenesis of ALS have been identified, among which we can positively highlight the presence mainly of Akkermansia muciniphila, but also Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp. or Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. Nevertheless, the presence of Escherichia coli or Ruminococcus torques stand out negatively for the disease. In addition, most of these bacteria are associated with molecular changes also linked to the pathogenesis of ALS. However, once the main polyphenols related to improvements in any of these three ALS models were assessed, many of them show positive results that could improve the prognosis of the disease. Nonetheless, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), curcumin and resveratrol are the polyphenols considered to show the most promising results as a therapeutic alternative for ALS through changes in microbiota.
Collapse
|
24
|
Franklin JP, Azzouz M, Shaw PJ. SOD1-targeting therapies for neurodegenerative diseases: a review of current findings and future potential. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2020.1835638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John P. Franklin
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mimoun Azzouz
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sun T, Tasnim F, McIntosh RT, Amiri N, Solav D, Anbarani MT, Sadat D, Zhang L, Gu Y, Karami MA, Dagdeviren C. Decoding of facial strains via conformable piezoelectric interfaces. Nat Biomed Eng 2020; 4:954-972. [PMID: 33093670 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-020-00612-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Devices that facilitate nonverbal communication typically require high computational loads or have rigid and bulky form factors that are unsuitable for use on the face or on other curvilinear body surfaces. Here, we report the design and pilot testing of an integrated system for decoding facial strains and for predicting facial kinematics. The system consists of mass-manufacturable, conformable piezoelectric thin films for strain mapping; multiphysics modelling for analysing the nonlinear mechanical interactions between the conformable device and the epidermis; and three-dimensional digital image correlation for reconstructing soft-tissue surfaces under dynamic deformations as well as for informing device design and placement. In healthy individuals and in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, we show that the piezoelectric thin films, coupled with algorithms for the real-time detection and classification of distinct skin-deformation signatures, enable the reliable decoding of facial movements. The integrated system could be adapted for use in clinical settings as a nonverbal communication technology or for use in the monitoring of neuromuscular conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Farita Tasnim
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rachel T McIntosh
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nikta Amiri
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Dana Solav
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - David Sadat
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuandong Gu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Amin Karami
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Canan Dagdeviren
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Donatti A, Canto AM, Godoi AB, da Rosa DC, Lopes-Cendes I. Circulating Metabolites as Potential Biomarkers for Neurological Disorders-Metabolites in Neurological Disorders. Metabolites 2020; 10:E389. [PMID: 33003305 PMCID: PMC7601919 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10100389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There are, still, limitations to predicting the occurrence and prognosis of neurological disorders. Biomarkers are molecules that can change in different conditions, a feature that makes them potential tools to improve the diagnosis of disease, establish a prognosis, and monitor treatments. Metabolites can be used as biomarkers, and are small molecules derived from the metabolic process found in different biological media, such as tissue samples, cells, or biofluids. They can be identified using various strategies, targeted or untargeted experiments, and by different techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, or nuclear magnetic resonance. In this review, we aim to discuss the current knowledge about metabolites as biomarkers for neurological disorders. We will present recent developments that show the need and the feasibility of identifying such biomarkers in different neurological disorders, as well as discuss relevant research findings in the field of metabolomics that are helping to unravel the mechanisms underlying neurological disorders. Although several relevant results have been reported in metabolomic studies in patients with neurological diseases, there is still a long way to go for the clinical use of metabolites as potential biomarkers in these disorders, and more research in the field is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Donatti
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz”, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil; (A.D.); (A.M.C.); (A.B.G.); (D.C.d.R.)
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Amanda M. Canto
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz”, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil; (A.D.); (A.M.C.); (A.B.G.); (D.C.d.R.)
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Alexandre B. Godoi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz”, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil; (A.D.); (A.M.C.); (A.B.G.); (D.C.d.R.)
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Douglas C. da Rosa
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz”, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil; (A.D.); (A.M.C.); (A.B.G.); (D.C.d.R.)
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz”, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil; (A.D.); (A.M.C.); (A.B.G.); (D.C.d.R.)
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas SP 13083-887, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhou R, Zhang Q, Xu P. TBK1, a central kinase in innate immune sensing of nucleic acids and beyond. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:757-767. [PMID: 32458982 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensing of intracellular and extracellular environments is one of the fundamental processes of cell. Surveillance of aberrant nucleic acids, derived either from invading pathogens or damaged organelle, is conducted by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) including RIG-I-like receptors, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, absent in melanoma 2, and a few members of toll-like receptors. TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), along with its close analogue I-kappa-B kinase epsilon, is a central kinase in innate adaptor complexes linking activation of PRRs to mobilization of transcriptional factors that transcribe proinflammatory cytokines, type I interferon (IFN-α/β), and myriads interferon stimulated genes. However, it still remains elusive for the precise mechanisms of activation and execution of TBK1 in signaling platforms formed by innate adaptors mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING), and TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF), as well as its complex regulations. An atlas of TBK1 substrates is in constant expanding, setting TBK1 as a key node of signaling network and a dominant player in contexts of cell biology, animal models, and human diseases. Here, we review recent advancements of activation, regulations, and functions of TBK1 under these physiological and pathological contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruyuan Zhou
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pinglong Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cagnotti G, Cantile C, Chessa S, Sacchi P, D'Angelo A, Bellino C. Spinal Muscular Atrophy in Blonde D'Aquitaine Calves Is Not Associated With FVT1 Gene Mutation. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:348. [PMID: 32714947 PMCID: PMC7344245 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motor neuron disease (MND) in humans and diverse animal species: canid, felid, and bovid. To date, bovine SMA has been reported in Brown Swiss, Holstein, Friesian, and Red Danish breed; it has been associated with a genetic mutation of the FVT1 gene, also known as 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase (KDSR). The aim of the present case series was to describe clinical presentation, pathological findings, and genetic analysis of five Blond d'Aquitaine calves diagnosed with SMA and to determine whether the mutation was associated with the disease. Five Blonde d'Aquitaine calves (three females and two males) from the same cow-calf operation farm were presented between June 2018 and February 2019 because unable to stand or walk unassisted since birth. Neurological examination aroused suspicion of a diffuse lesion affecting the peripheral nervous system in all calves. Findings from electromyographic investigations and muscle and nerve biopsies were consistent with a non-regenerative, chronic, active axonal neuropathy and marked neurogenic muscular atrophy and assumed to be associated with a neurodegenerative process. Histopathological examination of tissue samples from two animals revealed neuronal loss and several degenerated, shrunken, and hypereosinophilic neurons at the level of the ventral horn of the cervico-thoracic and the lumbo-sacral intumescence, diffuse loss of myelinated axons at the level of the ventral funiculi of all segments of the spinal cord, and moderate diffuse astrocytic reaction. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of SMA. No mutation of the FVT1 gene was found on genetic analysis. Further study into the causative gene mutation of SMA in Blonde D'Aquitaine calves is under way. Identification of a novel genetic mutation could improve our understanding of the disease in human medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cagnotti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulia Cagnotti
| | - Carlo Cantile
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Chessa
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Sacchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio D'Angelo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Bellino
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang L, Li C, Chen X, Li S, Shang H. Abnormal Serum Iron-Status Indicator Changes in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Front Neurol 2020; 11:380. [PMID: 32508736 PMCID: PMC7251146 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, the role of iron metabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) attracts more and more attention, and some studies have focused on the link between abnormal serum iron indicators and ALS. However, there are still big conflicts and inconsistency among different studies. To study the possible relationship between ALS and disturbed iron metabolism, we conducted this meta-analysis to conclude characteristics of abnormal serum iron-status indicator changes in ALS patients. Methods: We searched and screened main databases, including the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, to find studies related to the association between iron metabolism and ALS. The Revman 5.3 software was used to conduct meta-analysis. Results: Eleven studies were finally included in our analysis, composed of 1,599 ALS patients and 1,255 controls in total. The results showed that the ferritin level was much higher in ALS patients compared with controls (MD = 70.48, 95% CI [51.41, 89.55], p < 0.00001), and the transferrin level was decreased in ALS patients compared with controls (SMD = −0.28, 95% CI [−0.38, −0.18], p < 0.00001), while there was no statistical difference in iron levels (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [−0.07, 1.03], p = 0.09) between ALS patients and controls. Conclusions: Our research finds unusual changes in several indicators representing iron status, which suggest possible iron metabolism abnormalities in ALS patients. That may provide evidence for the link between iron metabolism and the pathogenesis of ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Batra G, Jain M, Singh RS, Sharma AR, Singh A, Prakash A, Medhi B. Novel therapeutic targets for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Indian J Pharmacol 2020; 51:418-425. [PMID: 32029967 PMCID: PMC6984016 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_823_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an untreatable and fatal neurodegenerative disease that is identified by the loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brain stem, and motor cortex which theatrically reduces life expectancy. Although the primary cause of ALS remains unclear, its heterogeneity put forward for consideration of association with various factors, including endogenous and/or environmental ones, which may be involved in progressive motor neuron stress that causes activation of different cell death pathways. It is hypothesized that this disease is triggered by factors related to genetic, environmental, and age-dependent risk. In spite of large neurobiological, molecular and genetic research, at the beginning of the 21st century, ALS still remains one of the most devastating neurodegenerative diseases because of the lack of effective therapeutic targets. It is a challenge for the clinical and scientific community. A better understanding of the etiology of ALS is necessary to develop specific targets of this progressive neurodegenerative disease. This review states about the current knowledge of targets in ALS research. This review provides an overview of the contribution of different targets like mitochondrial dysfunction, glutamate transport and excitotoxicity, protein accumulation, Oxidative stress, neuromuscular junction, microglia, and other molecular targets in the pathogenesis of ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gitika Batra
- Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manav Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rahul Soloman Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Raj Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Prakash
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abdul Wahid SF, Law ZK, Ismail NA, Lai NM. Cell-based therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 12:CD011742. [PMID: 31853962 PMCID: PMC6920743 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011742.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which is also known as motor neuron disease (MND), is a fatal disease associated with rapidly progressive disability, for which no definitive treatment exists. Current treatment approaches largely focus on relieving symptoms to improve the quality of life of those affected. The therapeutic potential of cell-based therapies in ALS/MND has not been fully evaluated, given the paucity of high-quality clinical trials. Based on data from preclinical studies, cell-based therapy is a promising treatment for ALS/MND. This review was first published in 2015 when the first clinical trials of cell-based therapies were still in progress. We undertook this update to incorporate evidence now available from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of cell-based therapy for people with ALS/MND, compared with placebo or no treatment. SEARCH METHODS On 31 July 2019, we searched the Cochrane Neuromuscular Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Embase. We also searched two clinical trials registries for ongoing or unpublished studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included RCTs that assigned people with ALS/MND to receive cell-based therapy versus a placebo or no additional treatment. Co-interventions were allowed, provided that they were given to each group equally. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We followed standard Cochrane methodology. MAIN RESULTS Two RCTs involving 112 participants were eligible for inclusion in this review. One study compared autologous bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) plus riluzole versus control (riluzole only), while the other study compared combined intramuscular and intrathecal administration of autologous mesenchymal stem cells secreting neurotrophic factors (MSC-NTF) to placebo. The latter study was reported as an abstract and provided no numerical data. Both studies were funded by biotechnology companies. The only study that contributed to the outcome data in the review involved 64 participants, comparing BM-MSC plus riluzole versus control (riluzole only). It reported outcomes after four to six months. It had a low risk of selection bias, detection bias and reporting bias, but a high risk of performance bias and attrition bias. The certainty of evidence was low for all major efficacy outcomes, with imprecision as the main downgrading factor, because the range of plausible estimates, as shown by the 95% confidence intervals (CIs), encompassed a range that would likely result in different clinical decisions. Functional impairment, expressed as the mean change in the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) score from baseline to six months after cell injection was slightly reduced (better) in the BM-MSC group compared to the control group (mean difference (MD) 3.38, 95% CI 1.22 to 5.54; 1 RCT, 56 participants; low-certainty evidence). ALSFRS-R has a range from 48 (normal) to 0 (maximally impaired); a change of 4 or more points is considered clinically important. The trial did not report outcomes at 12 months. There was no clear difference between the BM-MSC and the no treatment group in change in respiratory function (per cent predicted forced vital capacity; FVC%; MD -0.53, 95% CI -5.37 to 4.31; 1 RCT, 56 participants; low-certainty evidence); overall survival at six months (risk ratio (RR) 1.07, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.22; 1 RCT, 64 participants; low-certainty evidence); risk of total adverse events (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.19; 1 RCT, 64 participants; low-certainty evidence) or serious adverse events (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.13 to 1.72; 1 RCT, 64 participants; low-certainty evidence). The study did not measure muscle strength. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Currently, there is a lack of high-certainty evidence to guide practice on the use of cell-based therapy to treat ALS/MND. Uncertainties remain as to whether this mode of therapy is capable of restoring muscle function, slowing disease progression, and improving survival in people with ALS/MND. Although one RCT provided low-certainty evidence that BM-MSC may slightly reduce functional impairment measured on the ALSFRS-R after four to six months, this was a small phase II trial that cannot be used to establish efficacy. We need large, prospective RCTs with long-term follow-up to establish the efficacy and safety of cellular therapy and to determine patient-, disease- and cell treatment-related factors that may influence the outcome of cell-based therapy. The major goals of future research are to determine the appropriate cell source, phenotype, dose and method of delivery, as these will be key elements in designing an optimal cell-based therapy programme for people with ALS/MND. Future research should also explore novel treatment strategies, including combinations of cellular therapy and standard or novel neuroprotective agents, to find the best possible approach to prevent or reverse the neurological deficit in ALS/MND, and to prolong survival in this debilitating and fatal condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Fadilah Abdul Wahid
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical CentreCell Therapy CenterJalan Yaacob LatifKuala LumpurMalaysia56000
| | - Zhe Kang Law
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical CentreDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Nor Azimah Ismail
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical CentreCell Therapy CenterJalan Yaacob LatifKuala LumpurMalaysia56000
| | - Nai Ming Lai
- Taylor's UniversitySchool of MedicineSubang JayaMalaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pourhanifeh MH, Shafabakhsh R, Reiter RJ, Asemi Z. The Effect of Resveratrol on Neurodegenerative Disorders: Possible Protective Actions Against Autophagy, Apoptosis, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:2178-2191. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190717110932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the loss of neuronal function is rapidly
increasing. The pathogenesis of the majority of these diseases is not entirely clear, but current evidence has
shown the possibility that autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress are involved. The present
review summarizes the therapeutic effects of resveratrol on neurodegenerative disorders, based on the especially
molecular biology of these diseases. The PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Scopus databases were
searched for studies published in English until March 30th, 2019 that contained data for the role of inflammation,
oxidative stress, angiogenesis and apoptosis in the neurodegenerative disorders. There are also studies documenting
the role of molecular processes in the progression of central nervous system diseases. Based on current evidence,
resveratrol has potential properties that may reduce cell damage due to inflammation. This polyphenol
affects cellular processes, including autophagy and the apoptosis cascade under stressful conditions. Current
evidence supports the beneficial effects of resveratrol on the therapy of neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jiang LL, Zhu B, Zhao Y, Li X, Liu T, Pina-Crespo J, Zhou L, Xu W, Rodriguez MJ, Yu H, Cleveland DW, Ravits J, Da Cruz S, Long T, Zhang D, Huang TY, Xu H. Membralin deficiency dysregulates astrocytic glutamate homeostasis leading to ALS-like impairment. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:3103-3120. [PMID: 31112137 DOI: 10.1172/jci127695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are yet unclear. Specific deletion of the ER-component membralin in astrocytes manifested postnatal motor defects and lethality in mice, causing the accumulation of extracellular glutamate through reducing the glutamate transporter EAAT2. Restoring EAAT2 levels in membralin KO astrocytes limited astrocyte-dependent excitotoxicity in motor neurons. Transcriptomic profiles from mouse astrocytic membralin KO motor cortex indicated significant perturbation in KEGG pathway components related to ALS, including downregulation of Eaat2 and upregulation of Tnfrsf1a. Changes in gene expression with membralin deletion also overlapped with mouse ALS models and reactive astrocytes. Our results shown that activation of TNF receptor (TNFR1)-NFκB pathway known to suppress Eaat2 transcription was upregulated with membralin deletion. Further, reduced membralin and EAAT2 levels correlated with disease progression in spinal cord from SOD1-mutant mouse models, and reductions in membralin/EAAT2 were observed in human ALS spinal cord. Importantly, overexpression of membralin in SOD1G93A astrocytes decreased TNFR1 levels and increased EAAT2 expression, and improved motor neuron survival. Importantly, upregulation of membralin in SOD1G93A mice significantly prolonged mouse survival. Together, our study provided a mechanism for ALS pathogenesis where membralin limited glutamatergic neurotoxicity, suggesting that modulating membralin had potentials in ALS therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lin Jiang
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bing Zhu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yingjun Zhao
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tongfei Liu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Juan Pina-Crespo
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lisa Zhou
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wenxi Xu
- Bioinformatics and Structural Biology Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Maria J Rodriguez
- Department of Neurosciences, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.,ALS Translational Research Program, Department of Neurosciences, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Don W Cleveland
- Department of Neurosciences, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.,ALS Translational Research Program, Department of Neurosciences, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sandrine Da Cruz
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tao Long
- Bioinformatics and Structural Biology Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Dongxian Zhang
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Timothy Y Huang
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
González-Fernández C, Gonzalez P, Andres-Benito P, Ferrer I, Rodríguez FJ. Wnt Signaling Alterations in the Human Spinal Cord of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Cases: Spotlight on Fz2 and Wnt5a. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6777-6791. [PMID: 30924074 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1547-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with no cure, and elucidation of the mechanisms mediating neuronal death in this neuropathology is crucial to develop effective treatments. It has recently been demonstrated in animal models that the Wnt family of proteins is involved in this neuropathology, although its potential involvement in case of humans is almost unknown. We analyzed the expression of Wnt signaling components in healthy and ALS human spinal cords by quantitative RT-PCR, and we found that most Wnt ligands, modulators, receptors, and co-receptors were expressed in healthy controls. Moreover, we observed clear alterations in the mRNA expression of different components of this family of proteins in human spinal cord tissue from ALS cases. Specifically, we detected a significant increase in the mRNA levels of Wnt3, Wnt4, Fz2, and Fz8, together with several non-significant increases in the mRNA expression of other genes such as Wnt2b, Wnt5a, Fz3, Lrp5, and sFRP3. Based on these observations and on previous reports of studies performed in animal models, we evaluated with immunohistochemistry the protein expression patterns of Fz2 and Fz5 receptors and their main ligand Wnt5a in control samples and ALS cases. No substantial changes were observed in Fz5 protein expression pattern in ALS samples. However, we detected an increase in the amount of Fz2+ astrocytes in the borderline between gray and white matter at the ventral horn in ALS samples. Finally, Wnt5a expression was observed in neurons and astrocytes in both control and ALS samples, although Wnt5a immunolabeling in astroglial cells was significantly increased in ALS spinal cords in the same region where changes in Fz2 were observed. Altogether, these observations strongly suggest that the Wnt family of proteins, and more specifically Fz2 and Wnt5a, might be involved in human ALS pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos González-Fernández
- Molecular Neurology Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (HNP), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Pau Gonzalez
- Molecular Neurology Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (HNP), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Pol Andres-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Service of Pathologic Anatomy, IDIBELL-Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERNED, Hospitalet de Llobregat, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Service of Pathologic Anatomy, IDIBELL-Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERNED, Hospitalet de Llobregat, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez
- Molecular Neurology Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (HNP), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kumar Ghosh D, Nanaji Shrikondawar A, Ranjan A. Local structural unfolding at the edge-strands of beta sheets is the molecular basis for instability and aggregation of G85R and G93A mutants of superoxide dismutase 1. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:647-659. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1584125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Kumar Ghosh
- Computational and Functional Genomics Group, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad, India
- Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Akshaykumar Nanaji Shrikondawar
- Computational and Functional Genomics Group, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad, India
- Graduate Studies, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Akash Ranjan
- Computational and Functional Genomics Group, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Petillon C, Hergesheimer R, Puy H, Corcia P, Vourc'h P, Andres C, Karim Z, Blasco H. The Relevancy of Data Regarding the Metabolism of Iron to Our Understanding of Deregulated Mechanisms in ALS; Hypotheses and Pitfalls. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:1031. [PMID: 30697143 PMCID: PMC6341213 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the loss of motor neurons. Its etiology remains unknown, but several pathophysiological mechanisms are beginning to explain motor neuronal death, as well as oxidative stress. Iron accumulation has been observed in both sporadic and familial forms of ALS, including mouse models. Therefore, the dysregulation of iron metabolism could play a role in the pathological oxidative stress in ALS. Several studies have been undertaken to describe iron-related metabolic markers, in most cases focusing on metabolites in the bloodstream due to few available data in the central nervous system. Reports of accumulation of iron, high serum ferritin, and low serum transferrin levels in ALS patients have encouraged researchers to consider dysregulated iron metabolism as an integral part of ALS pathophysiology. However, it appears complicated to suggest a general mechanism due to the diversity of models and iron markers studied, including the lack of consensus among all of the studies. Regarding clinical study reports, most of them do not take into account confusion biases such as inflammation, renal dysfunction, and nutritional status. Furthermore, the iron regulatory pathways, particularly involving hepcidin, have not been thoroughly explored yet within the pathogenesis of iron overload in ALS. In this sense, it is also essential to explore the relation between iron overload and other ALS-related events, such as neuro-inflammation, protein aggregation, and iron-driven cell death, termed ferroptosis. In this review, we point out limits of the designs of certain studies that may prevent the understanding of the role of iron in ALS and discuss the relevance of the published data regarding the pathogenic impact of iron metabolism deregulation in this disease and the therapeutics targeting this pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hervé Puy
- Centre de Recherches sur l'Inflammation, Equipe "Hème, Fer et Maladies Inflammatoires", UMR 1149/ERL CNRS 8252, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, UFR de Médecine Site Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Corcia
- INSERM, U1253, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Centre SLA, Service de Neurologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Patrick Vourc'h
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,INSERM, U1253, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Christian Andres
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,INSERM, U1253, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Zoubida Karim
- Centre de Recherches sur l'Inflammation, Equipe "Hème, Fer et Maladies Inflammatoires", UMR 1149/ERL CNRS 8252, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, UFR de Médecine Site Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Blasco
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,INSERM, U1253, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Singh R, Geetanjali. Nanoneuromedicines for Neurodegenerative Diseases. NANOSCIENCE &NANOTECHNOLOGY-ASIA 2018; 9:58-63. [DOI: 10.2174/2210681208666171211160433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Neurodegenerative disease is a collective term for a number of diseases
that affect the neurons in the human brain. The location of the neuronal loss in the brain leads to the
specified disease based on the progression of the clinical symptoms. No drugs are available for
complete cure of these diseases. Most of the drugs only slow down the progression of neuronal
damage. The combination of drugs with nanotechnology gave a new promising hope for the treatment
of neurological disorders. Nanomedicines are extremely useful for safe, effective, target oriented
and sustained delivery. Due to their size in nanometer, they possess distinct and improved
properties in comparison to their bulk counterpart. The utility of nanomedicines in neurological
disorders including neurodegenerative diseases constitutes nanoneuromedicines.
Conclusion:
In this article, a comprehensive overview of the application of nanoneuromedicines in
neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Singh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi-110 042, India
| | - Geetanjali
- Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Walczak J, Dębska-Vielhaber G, Vielhaber S, Szymański J, Charzyńska A, Duszyński J, Szczepanowska J. Distinction of sporadic and familial forms of ALS based on mitochondrial characteristics. FASEB J 2018; 33:4388-4403. [PMID: 30550341 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801843r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bioenergetic failure, oxidative stress, and changes in mitochondrial morphology are common pathologic hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in several cellular and animal models. Disturbed mitochondrial physiology has serious consequences for proper functioning of the cell, leading to the chronic mitochondrial stress. Mitochondria, being in the center of cellular metabolism, play a pivotal role in adaptation to stress conditions. We found that mitochondrial dysfunction and adaptation processes differ in primary fibroblasts derived from patients diagnosed with either sporadic or familial forms of ALS. The evaluation of mitochondrial parameters such as the mitochondrial membrane potential, the oxygen consumption rate, the activity and levels of respiratory chain complexes, and the levels of ATP, reactive oxygen species, and Ca2+ show that the bioenergetic properties of mitochondria are different in sporadic ALS, familial ALS, and control groups. Comparative statistical analysis of the data set (with use of principal component analysis and support vector machine) identifies and distinguishes 3 separate groups despite the small number of investigated cell lines and high variability in measured parameters. These findings could be a first step in development of a new tool for predicting sporadic and familial forms of ALS and could contribute to knowledge of its pathophysiology.-Walczak, J., Dębska-Vielhaber, G., Vielhaber, S., Szymański, J., Charzyńska, A., Duszyński, J., Szczepanowska, J. Distinction of sporadic and familial forms of ALS based on mitochondrial characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Walczak
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Stefan Vielhaber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; and
| | - Jędrzej Szymański
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Charzyńska
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Duszyński
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Szczepanowska
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yusuf M, Khan M, Robaian MA, Khan RA. Biomechanistic insights into the roles of oxidative stress in generating complex neurological disorders. Biol Chem 2018; 399:305-319. [PMID: 29261511 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurological diseases like Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, parkinsonism, depression, Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis prevailing globally are considered to be deeply influenced by oxidative stress-based changes in the biochemical settings of the organs. The excess oxygen concentration triggers the production of reactive oxygen species, and even the intrinsic antioxidant enzyme system, i.e. SOD, CAT and GSHPx, fails to manage their levels and keep them under desirable limits. This consequently leads to oxidation of protein, lipids and nucleic acids in the brain resulting in apoptosis, proteopathy, proteasomes and mitochondrion dysfunction, glial cell activation as well as neuroinflammation. The present exploration deals with the evidence-based mechanism of oxidative stress towards development of key neurological diseases along with the involved biomechanistics and biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yusuf
- College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif-Al-Haweiah 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Khan
- College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif-Al-Haweiah 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed A Robaian
- College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif-Al-Haweiah 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz A Khan
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, MRIU, Faridabad, HR 121 001, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Assessment of neuroprotective effects of Gallic acid against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in primary rat cortex neuronal culture. Neurochem Int 2018; 121:50-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
41
|
Maya S, Prakash T, Goli D. Evaluation of neuroprotective effects of wedelolactone and gallic acid on aluminium-induced neurodegeneration: Relevance to sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 835:41-51. [PMID: 30075221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Al exposure causes an alteration in the several ions in the body and causes toxicity. Such as apoptosis, oxidative stress, disruption in neuronal transport, mitochondrial damage, excitotoxicity, generation of inflammatory mediators, and microglial activation. These multiple mechanisms lead to the several neurodegenerative diseases, including sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS). The study aims to unravel the mechanisms behind the neuroprotective effects of wedelolactone (WL) and gallic acid (GA) against aluminium-induced neurodegeneration and thereby to unlock a platform to find a cure for sALS. We studied the neuroprotective effects of WL (100 & 200 mg/kg) and GA (100 & 200 mg/kg) using aluminium chloride (AlCl3)-induced neurodegeneration model. The study was conducted using male Wistar rats. We assessed the effects of WL and GA on motor learning ability, motor coordination, locomotor activity, cytokine production, BDNF, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), m-calpain, caspase-3 inhibition and L-glutamate level. The study suggests that the treatment with WL and GA could protect the motor neurons from the toxicity that caused by Al via improving the antioxidant status, BDNF, and by preventing glutamate excitotoxicity. Also, WL and GA are found to be effective in inhibiting caspase-3 activation and downregulating inflammatory cytokines. WL and GA also found effective in improving the motor learning abilities and motor coordination in rats. The protective effects of the WL and GA were further confirmed from histopathological results. WL and GA prevent the neurofibrillary tangle formation and neuronal damage. The study concluded that the WL and GA were dose-dependently effective in managing the AlCl3-induced neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Maya
- Department of Pharmacology, Acharya & B.M. Reddy College of Pharmacy, Soladevanahalli, Bengaluru 560107, Karnataka, India.
| | - T Prakash
- Department of Pharmacology, Acharya & B.M. Reddy College of Pharmacy, Soladevanahalli, Bengaluru 560107, Karnataka, India.
| | - Divakar Goli
- Department of Pharmacology, Acharya & B.M. Reddy College of Pharmacy, Soladevanahalli, Bengaluru 560107, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
S M, T P, Goli D. Effect of wedelolactone and gallic acid on quinolinic acid-induced neurotoxicity and impaired motor function: significance to sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurotoxicology 2018; 68:1-12. [PMID: 29981346 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Quinolinic acid (QUIN) is a well-known neuroactive metabolite of tryptophan degradation pathway or kynurenine pathway. The QUIN is involved in the development of several toxic cascades which leads to the neuronal degeneration processes. The QUIN-induced toxicity is also responsible for the impairment of the motor function and motor learning ability. This study seeks to investigate the several mechanisms which are involved in the intrastriatal administration of QUIN-induced neurodegeneration and the neuroprotective effects of wedelolactone (WL) and gallic acid (GA) over QUIN-induced toxicity. The Wistar rats were used for the study and conducted behavioral model to evaluate the effects of WL (100 & 200 mg/kg) and GA (100 & 200 mg/kg) on impaired motor function and motor learning ability. We also assessed the effects of WL and GA on the antioxidant profile, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, excitotoxicity, inflammatory cascades, and on growth factors which helps in neurogenesis. The compounds effectively improved the motor function, motor learning memory in the rats. Similarly, enhanced the activity of Glutathione peroxidase, SOD, catalase, and declined the lipid peroxidation and nitrite production in the brain. The treatment with WL and GA lowered the activities of LDH, m-calpain, and caspase-3. The reports strongly support that both compounds are useful in the prevention of glutamate excitotoxicity induced by QUIN. The NAA, IGF-1, and VEGF levels in the brain were improved after treatment with WL and GA. The neuroprotective effects of WL and GA further proved through the anti-inflammatory effects. The compounds significantly down-regulated the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-β in the brain. Immunohistochemical analysis shows that the WL and GA reduced the expression of NF-κB. The histopathological studies for cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum, and spinal cord confirms the toxic effects of QUIN and neuroprotective effects of WL and GA. The results suggest that WL and GA could ameliorate the toxic events triggered by QUIN and might be effective in the prevention and progression of several cascades which lead to the development of sALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya S
- Department of Pharmacology, Acharya & B.M. Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560107, Karnataka, India.
| | - Prakash T
- Department of Pharmacology, Acharya & B.M. Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560107, Karnataka, India.
| | - Divakar Goli
- Department of Pharmacology, Acharya & B.M. Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560107, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Oggiano R, Solinas G, Forte G, Bocca B, Farace C, Pisano A, Sotgiu MA, Clemente S, Malaguarnera M, Fois AG, Pirina P, Montella A, Madeddu R. Trace elements in ALS patients and their relationships with clinical severity. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 197:457-466. [PMID: 29366958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An exploratory study of trace elements in ALS and their relationships with clinical severity was detected. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes irreversible damage in humans, with the consequent loss of function of motoneurons (MNs), with a prognosis up to 5 years after diagnosis. Except to genetic rare cases it is not known the etiology of the disorder. Aim of our research is to investigate the possible role of heavy metals in the severity of the disease. In this study, by the use of plasma mass (ICP-MS), we have analyzed the content of essential and heavy metals such: Pb, Cd, Al, Hg, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Mg, and Ca, in blood, urine and hair of ALS patients and controls; moreover we divided the patients in two groups for disease severity and analyzed the difference among the groups, in order to study a possible involvement of metals in the severity of the damage. Our results suggest a protective role of Selenium, involved in protective antioxidant mechanisms, and a risk factor in the case of presence of Lead in blood. The levels of the other metals are not easy to interpret, because these may be due to life style and for essential metals a consequence of the disease condition, not a cause.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Oggiano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - Histology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Solinas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - Hygiene, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Forte
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano Farace
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - Histology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Pisano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - Histology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Malaguarnera
- Department of Medical and Pediatric Science, Research Centre "The Great Senescence", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giuseppe Fois
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Pietro Pirina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Montella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences- Human Anatomy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - Histology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li GZ, Tao HL, Zhou C, Wang DD, Peng CB. Midazolam prevents motor neuronal death from oxidative stress attack mediated by JNK-ERK pathway. Hum Cell 2017; 31:64-71. [PMID: 29022274 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-017-0184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Midazolam is a sedative used by patients with mechanical ventilation. However, the potential clinical value is not fully explored. In this report, we made use of a neuroblastoma-spinal cord hybrid motor neuron-like cell line NSC34, and elucidated the potential role of Midazolam on these cells under the insult of oxidative stress. We found the protective effect of Midazolam on motor neurons against cytotoxicity induced by the combination of oligomycin A and rotenone (O/R) or phenylarsine oxide. The characteristics of apoptosis, such as the ratio of TUNEL+ cells or the expression level of cleaved Caspase-3, was decreased by 22 or 45% in the presence of Midazolam. Furthermore, this effect was correlated with the JNK-ERK signaling pathway. Either phosphorylation of ERK or JNK was positively or negatively modulated with the treatment of Midazolam in NSC34 cells attacked by reactive oxygen species. Meanwhile, inhibition or activation of the JNK-ERK pathway regulated the protective effect of Midazolam on NSC34 cells with oxidative stress insult. Collectively, this study elucidated a previously unidentified clinical effect of Midazolam, and put forward the great promise that Midazolam may be considered as a potential candidate to the treatment of motor neuron disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Zheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Lei Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong-Dong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong-Bin Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu B, Teschemacher AG, Kasparov S. Neuroprotective potential of astroglia. J Neurosci Res 2017; 95:2126-2139. [PMID: 28836687 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Astroglia are the homoeostatic cells of the central nervous system, which participate in all essential functions of the brain. Astrocytes support neuronal networks by handling water and ion fluxes, transmitter clearance, provision of antioxidants, and metabolic precursors and growth factors. The critical dependence of neurons on constant support from the astrocytes confers astrocytes with intrinsic neuroprotective properties. On the other hand, loss of astrocytic support or their pathological transformation compromises neuronal functionality and viability. Manipulating neuroprotective functions of astrocytes is thus an important strategy to enhance neuronal survival and improve outcomes in disease states. © 2017 The Authors Journal of Neuroscience Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beihui Liu
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - A G Teschemacher
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sergey Kasparov
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.,Institute of Living Systems, School of Life Sciences, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ciardo MG, Ferrer-Montiel A. Lipids as central modulators of sensory TRP channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1615-1628. [PMID: 28432033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family is involved in a diversity of physiological processes including sensory and homeostatic functions, as well as muscle contraction and vasomotor control. Their dysfunction contributes to the etiology of several diseases, being validated as therapeutic targets. These ion channels may be activated by physical or chemical stimuli and their function is highly influenced by signaling molecules activated by extracellular signals. Notably, as integral membrane proteins, lipid molecules also modulate their membrane location and function either by direct interaction with the channel structure or by modulating the physico-chemical properties of the cellular membrane. This lipid-based modulatory effect is being considered an alternative and promising approach to regulate TRP channel dysfunction in diseases. Here, we review the current progress in this exciting field highlighting a complex channel regulation by a large diversity of lipid molecules and suggesting some diseases that may benefit from a membrane lipid therapy. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Lipid Therapy: Drugs Targeting Biomembranes edited by Pablo V. Escribá.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Ferrer-Montiel
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Av. De la Universidad s/n, Elche, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a highly heterogeneous disease with no effective treatment. Drug development has been hampered by the lack of biomarkers that aid in early diagnosis, demonstrate target engagement, monitor disease progression, and can serve as surrogate endpoints to assess the efficacy of treatments. Fluid-based biomarkers may potentially address these issues. An ideal biomarker should exhibit high specificity and sensitivity for distinguishing ALS from control (appropriate disease mimics and other neurologic diseases) populations and monitor disease progression within individual patients. Significant progress has been made using cerebrospinal fluid, serum, and plasma in the search for ALS biomarkers, with urine and saliva biomarkers still in earlier stages of development. A few of these biomarker candidates have demonstrated use in patient stratification, predicting disease course (fast vs slow progression) and severity, or have been used in preclinical and clinical applications. However, while ALS biomarker discovery has seen tremendous advancements in the last decade, validating biomarkers and moving them towards the clinic remains more elusive. In this review, we highlight biomarkers that are moving towards clinical utility and the challenges that remain in order to implement biomarkers at all stages of the ALS drug development process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas T Vu
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 West Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 West Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Robert Bowser
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 West Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 West Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mancuso R, Navarro X. Sigma-1 Receptor in Motoneuron Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 964:235-254. [PMID: 28315275 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-50174-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS ) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting spinal cord and brain motoneurons , leading to paralysis and early death. Multiple etiopathogenic mechanisms appear to contribute in the development of ALS , including glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress , protein misfolding, mitochondrial defects, impaired axonal transport, inflammation and glial cell alterations. The Sigma-1 receptor is highly expressed in motoneurons of the spinal cord, particularly enriched in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) at postsynaptic cisternae of cholinergic C-terminals. Several evidences point to participation of Sigma-1R alterations in motoneuron degeneration. Thus, mutations of the transmembrane domain of the Sigma-1R have been described in familial ALS cases. Interestingly, Sigma-1R KO mice display muscle weakness and motoneuron loss. On the other hand, Sigma-1R agonists promote neuroprotection and neurite elongation through activation of protein kinase C on motoneurons in vitro and in vivo after ventral root avulsion. Remarkably, treatment of SOD1 mice, the most usual animal model of ALS , with Sigma-1R agonists resulted in significantly enhanced motoneuron function and preservation, and increased animal survival. Sigma-1R activation also reduced microglial reactivity and increased the glial expression of neurotrophic factors. Two main interconnected mechanisms seem to underlie the effects of Sigma-1R manipulation on motoneurons: modulation of neuronal excitability and regulation of calcium homeostasis. In addition, Sigma-1R also contributes to regulating protein degradation, and reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, the multi-functional nature of the Sigma-1R represents an attractive target for treating aspects of ALS and other motoneuron diseases .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Mancuso
- Center for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, SO16 6YD, Southampton, UK
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Positron emission tomography in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Towards targeting of molecular pathological hallmarks. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 44:533-547. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-016-3587-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
50
|
Aripiprazole inhibits polyI:C-induced microglial activation possibly via TRPM7. Schizophr Res 2016; 178:35-43. [PMID: 27614570 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections during fetal and adolescent periods, as well as during the course of schizophrenia itself have been linked to the onset and/or relapse of a psychosis. We previously reported that the unique antipsychotic aripiprazole, a partial D2 agonist, inhibits the release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α from interferon-γ-activated rodent microglial cells. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) has recently been used as a standard model of viral infections, and recent in vitro studies have shown that microglia are activated by polyI:C. Aripiprazole has been reported to ameliorate behavioral abnormalities in polyI:C-induced mice. To clarify the anti-inflammatory properties of aripiprazole, we investigated the effects of aripiprazole on polyI:C-induced microglial activation in a cellular model of murine microglial cells and possible surrogate cells for human microglia. PolyI:C treatment of murine microglial cells activated the production of TNF-α and enhanced the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, whereas aripiprazole inhibited these responses. In addition, polyI:C treatment of possible surrogate cells for human microglia markedly increased TNF-α mRNA expression in cells from three healthy volunteers. Aripiprazole inhibited this increase in cells from two individuals. PolyI:C consistently increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in murine microglial cells by influx of extracellular Ca2+. We demonstrated that transient receptor potential in melastatin 7 (TRPM7) channels contributed to this polyI:C-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. Taken together, these data suggest that aripiprazole may be therapeutic for schizophrenia by reducing microglial inflammatory reactions, and TRPM7 may be a novel therapeutic target for schizophrenia. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.
Collapse
|