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Casella C, Kiles F, Urquhart C, Michaud DS, Kirwa K, Corlin L. Methylomic, Proteomic, and Metabolomic Correlates of Traffic-Related Air Pollution in the Context of Cardiorespiratory Health: A Systematic Review, Pathway Analysis, and Network Analysis. TOXICS 2023; 11:1014. [PMID: 38133415 PMCID: PMC10748071 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of literature has attempted to characterize how traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) affects molecular and subclinical biological processes in ways that could lead to cardiorespiratory disease. To provide a streamlined synthesis of what is known about the multiple mechanisms through which TRAP could lead to cardiorespiratory pathology, we conducted a systematic review of the epidemiological literature relating TRAP exposure to methylomic, proteomic, and metabolomic biomarkers in adult populations. Using the 139 papers that met our inclusion criteria, we identified the omic biomarkers significantly associated with short- or long-term TRAP and used these biomarkers to conduct pathway and network analyses. We considered the evidence for TRAP-related associations with biological pathways involving lipid metabolism, cellular energy production, amino acid metabolism, inflammation and immunity, coagulation, endothelial function, and oxidative stress. Our analysis suggests that an integrated multi-omics approach may provide critical new insights into the ways TRAP could lead to adverse clinical outcomes. We advocate for efforts to build a more unified approach for characterizing the dynamic and complex biological processes linking TRAP exposure and subclinical and clinical disease and highlight contemporary challenges and opportunities associated with such efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Casella
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (C.C.); (F.K.); (C.U.); (D.S.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Frances Kiles
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (C.C.); (F.K.); (C.U.); (D.S.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Catherine Urquhart
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (C.C.); (F.K.); (C.U.); (D.S.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Dominique S. Michaud
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (C.C.); (F.K.); (C.U.); (D.S.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Kipruto Kirwa
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (C.C.); (F.K.); (C.U.); (D.S.M.); (K.K.)
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Laura Corlin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (C.C.); (F.K.); (C.U.); (D.S.M.); (K.K.)
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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Kharaty S, Harrington JM, Millar SR, Perry IJ, Phillips CM. Plant-based dietary indices and biomarkers of chronic low-grade inflammation: a cross-sectional analysis of adults in Ireland. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:3397-3410. [PMID: 37658860 PMCID: PMC10611858 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is increasing interest in the health benefits of plant-based diets (PBDs). Evidence reports favourable associations with inflammatory profiles and reduced cardiovascular disease risk. However, limited studies have examined relationships between PBD indices (PDIs) and inflammatory biomarkers. We explored overall PDI, healthful PDI (hPDI) and unhealthful PDI (uPDI) associations with inflammatory biomarker profiles. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 1986 middle- to older-aged adults from the Mitchelstown Cohort. PDI scores were calculated using validated food frequency questionnaires. PDI score associations with inflammatory biomarkers were assessed via linear regression analysis, with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS Comparison of quintiles (Q5 vs Q1) revealed lower concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils and monocytes, and the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (PDI and hPDI P < 0.05); lower leptin (PDI, P < 0.05), and complement component 3 (C3), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, lymphocytes and eosinophils (hPDI, P < 0.05); and higher concentrations of adiponectin (PDI and hPDI, P < 0.05). Conversely, higher concentrations of C3, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, resistin, WBCs, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lower adiponectin concentrations were observed comparing uPDI quintiles (P < 0.05). In fully adjusted regression models, higher hPDI scores were associated with lower concentrations of C3, TNF-α, WBCs, neutrophils and monocytes (all P < 0.01). Higher uPDI scores were associated with higher C3 and TNF-α concentrations (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that a more healthful PBD is associated with a more favourable inflammatory profile and that a more unhealthful PBD is associated with the reverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraeya Kharaty
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Seán R Millar
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ivan J Perry
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine M Phillips
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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3
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Casella C, Kiles F, Urquhart C, Michaud DS, Kirwa K, Corlin L. Methylomic, proteomic, and metabolomic correlates of traffic-related air pollution: A systematic review, pathway analysis, and network analysis relating traffic-related air pollution to subclinical and clinical cardiorespiratory outcomes. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.30.23296386. [PMID: 37873294 PMCID: PMC10592990 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.30.23296386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of literature has attempted to characterize how traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) affects molecular and subclinical biological processes in ways that could lead to cardiorespiratory disease. To provide a streamlined synthesis of what is known about the multiple mechanisms through which TRAP could lead cardiorespiratory pathology, we conducted a systematic review of the epidemiological literature relating TRAP exposure to methylomic, proteomic, and metabolomic biomarkers in adult populations. Using the 139 papers that met our inclusion criteria, we identified the omic biomarkers significantly associated with short- or long-term TRAP and used these biomarkers to conduct pathway and network analyses. We considered the evidence for TRAP-related associations with biological pathways involving lipid metabolism, cellular energy production, amino acid metabolism, inflammation and immunity, coagulation, endothelial function, and oxidative stress. Our analysis suggests that an integrated multi-omics approach may provide critical new insights into the ways TRAP could lead to adverse clinical outcomes. We advocate for efforts to build a more unified approach for characterizing the dynamic and complex biological processes linking TRAP exposure and subclinical and clinical disease, and highlight contemporary challenges and opportunities associated with such efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Casella
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Frances Kiles
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Catherine Urquhart
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Dominique S. Michaud
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Kipruto Kirwa
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Laura Corlin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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4
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Valdes-Marquez E, Clarke R, Hill M, Watkins H, Hopewell JC. Proteomic profiling identifies novel independent relationships between inflammatory proteins and myocardial infarction. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:583-591. [PMID: 36702559 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease, but the relevance and independence of individual inflammatory proteins is uncertain. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships between a spectrum of inflammatory proteins and myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS AND RESULTS A panel of 92 inflammatory proteins was assessed using an OLINK multiplex immunoassay among 432 MI cases (diagnosed < 66 years) and 323 controls. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between individual proteins and MI, after adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors and medication use, and stepwise regression to identify proteins with independent effects. Machine learning techniques (Boruta analysis and LASSO regression) and bioinformatic resources were used to examine the concordance of results with those obtained by conventional methods and explore the underlying biological processes to inform the validity of the associations. Among the 92 proteins studied, 62 (67%) had plasma concentrations above the lower limit of detection in at least 50% of samples. Of these, 15 individual proteins were significantly associated with MI after covariate adjustment and correction for multiple testing. Five of these 15 proteins (CDCP1, CD6, IL1-8R1, IL-6, and CXCL1) were independently associated with MI, with up to three-fold higher risks of MI per doubling in plasma concentrations. Findings were further validated using machine learning techniques and biologically focused analyses. CONCLUSIONS This study, demonstrating independent relationships between five inflammatory proteins and MI, provides important novel insights into the inflammatory hypothesis of MI and the potential utility of proteomic analyses in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Valdes-Marquez
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Robert Clarke
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Michael Hill
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 4, Academic Block, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jemma C Hopewell
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
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Markin AM, Markina YV, Bogatyreva AI, Tolstik TV, Chakal DA, Breshenkov DG, Charchyan ER. The Role of Cytokines in Cholesterol Accumulation in Cells and Atherosclerosis Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076426. [PMID: 37047399 PMCID: PMC10094347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common cardiovascular disease and is the number one cause of death worldwide. Today, atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease with an autoimmune component, accompanied by the accumulation of cholesterol in the vessel wall and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, endothelial dysfunction, and chronic inflammation. In the process of accumulation of atherogenic lipids, cells of the immune system, such as monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, etc., play an important role, producing and/or activating the production of various cytokines—interferons, interleukins, chemokines. In this review, we have tried to summarize the most important cytokines involved in the processes of atherogenesis.
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Momeni-Moghaddam MA, Asadikaram G, Masoumi M, Sadeghi E, Akbari H, Abolhassani M, Farsinejad A, Khaleghi M, Nematollahi MH, Dabiri S, Arababadi MK. Opium may affect coronary artery disease by inducing inflammation but not through the expression of CD9, CD36, and CD68. J Investig Med 2023; 71:191-201. [PMID: 36708288 DOI: 10.1177/10815589221145030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of opium action with regard to coronary artery disease (CAD) have not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of opium on the expression of scavenger receptors including CD36, CD68, and CD9 tetraspanin in monocytes and the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) in CAD patients with and without opium addiction. This case-control study was conducted on three groups: (1) opium-addicted CAD patients (CAD + OA, n = 30); (2) CAD patients with no opium addiction (CAD, n = 30); and (3) individuals without CAD and opium addiction as the control group (Ctrl, n = 17). The protein and mRNA levels of CD9, CD36, and CD68 were evaluated by the flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) methods, respectively. The consumption of atorvastatin, aspirin, and glyceryl trinitrate was found be higher in the CAD groups compared with the control group. The plasma level of TNF-α was significantly higher in the CAD + OA group than in the CAD and Ctrl groups (p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). MDA levels significantly increased in CAD and CAD + OA patients in comparison with the Ctrl group (p = 0.010 and p = 0.002, respectively). No significant differences were found in CD9, CD36, CD68, IFN-γ, and NOx between the three groups. The findings demonstrated that opium did not have a significant effect on the expression of CD36, CD68, and CD9 at gene and protein levels, but it might be involved in the development of CAD by inducing inflammation through other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Momeni-Moghaddam
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Asadikaram
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Masoumi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Erfan Sadeghi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Hamed Akbari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moslem Abolhassani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Farsinejad
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Morteza Khaleghi
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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7
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Clarke R, Hammami I, Sherliker P, Valdes-Marquez E, Watkins H, Hill M, Yang X, Tsimikas S, Hopewell JC. Oxidized phospholipids on apolipoprotein B-100 versus plasminogen and risk of coronary heart disease in the PROCARDIS study. Atherosclerosis 2022; 354:15-22. [PMID: 35803063 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Oxidized phospholipids carried on the apolipoprotein B-100 (OxPL-apoB) component of Lp(a) are predictive of coronary heart disease (CHD), but the role of oxidized phospholipids carried on plasminogen (OxPL-PLG) is unknown. We examined the independent effects of OxPL-apoB and OxPL-PLG for risk of CHD before and after adjustment for Lp(a). METHODS Plasma levels of OxPL-apoB, OxPL-PLG, plasminogen and Lp(a) were measured in the PROCARDIS study of early-onset CHD (906 cases/858 controls). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) for each biomarker with CHD after adjustment for established risk factors. RESULTS Mean levels of OxPL-apoB were higher in cases than controls, but levels of OxPL-PLG and plasminogen were similar. For OxPL-apoB, individuals in the top vs bottom fifth had 2-fold higher age and sex-adjusted OR of CHD (OR = 2.61 [95%CI: 1.91, 3.55]), which were partially attenuated after adjustment for established risk factors. The findings for OxPL-apoB and CHD in PROCARDIS were comparable with those of a meta-analysis of all such studies. However, the associations of OxPL-apoB with CHD were fully attenuated by additional adjustment for Lp(a) (OR = 0.93 [0.54,1.60]). Neither OxPL-PLG nor plasminogen were associated with CHD. Overall, there were no differences in the predictive value for CHD of high vs normal levels (<20th or >80th percentile) of OxPL-apoB, OxPL-PLG, plasminogen or Lp(a) after stratifying for each other. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the context-dependency of OxPL in plasma and suggest that their associated risk of CHD is chiefly mediated by their carriage on Lp(a).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Clarke
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Imen Hammami
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Sherliker
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elsa Valdes-Marquez
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Hill
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Sotirios Tsimikas
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Jemma C Hopewell
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Modulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Multiplication, Apoptosis, and Inflammatory Damage by miR-21 in Coronary Heart Disease. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6942699. [PMID: 34873417 PMCID: PMC8643245 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6942699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed at exploring the role and potential molecular mechanism of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in coronary heart disease (CHD). RT-qPCR analysis was conducted to detect the expression of miR-21, Sprouty 1 (SPRY1), and connexin 43 (CX43). The protein expression of SPRY1 and CX43 was measured by western blot. ELISA was performed for measuring inflammatory factors, including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). The target relationship between miR-21 and SPRY1 was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell multiplication and apoptosis were detected using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Our results indicated that miR-21, CX43, and the level of inflammatory cytokines including ICAM-1 and IL-1β were upregulated, while SPRY1 was downregulated in blood samples from CHD patients compared with the controls. Besides, miR-21 directly targeted SRPY-1. miR-21 could suppress SPRY1 expression and enhance CX43 expression in VSMCs. Moreover, miR-21 accelerated cell multiplication and attenuated cell apoptosis in VSMCs. Collectively, these findings suggested that miR-21 could effectively elevate VSMC multiplication and repress apoptosis by targeting SPRY1 in CHD, providing a potential target for therapeutic strategy of CHD.
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9
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Momeni-Moghaddam MA, Asadikaram G, Masoumi M, Sadeghi E, Akbari H, Abolhassani M, Farsinejad A, Khaleghi M, Nematollahi MH, Dabiri S, Arababadi MK. Opium may affect coronary artery disease by inducing inflammation but not through the expression of CD9, CD36, and CD68. J Investig Med 2021; 70:1728-1735. [PMID: 34872933 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-001935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of opium with regard to coronary artery disease (CAD) have not yet been determined. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of opium on the expression of scavenger receptors including CD36, CD68, and CD9 tetraspanin in monocytes and the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) in patients with CAD with and without opium addiction. This case-control study was conducted in three groups: (1) opium-addicted patients with CAD (CAD+OA, n=30); (2) patients with CAD with no opium addiction (CAD, n=30); and (3) individuals without CAD and opium addiction as the control group (Ctrl, n=17). Protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of CD9, CD36, and CD68 were evaluated by flow cytometry and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR methods, respectively. Consumption of atorvastatin, aspirin, and glyceryl trinitrate was found to be higher in the CAD groups compared with the control group. The plasma level of TNF-α was significantly higher in the CAD+OA group than in the CAD and Ctrl groups (p=0.001 and p=0.005, respectively). MDA levels significantly increased in the CAD and CAD+OA groups in comparison with the Ctrl group (p=0.010 and p=0.002, respectively). No significant differences were found in CD9, CD36, CD68, IFN-γ, and NOx between the three groups. The findings demonstrated that opium did not have a significant effect on the expression of CD36, CD68, and CD9 at the gene and protein levels, but it might be involved in the development of CAD by inducing inflammation through other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Momeni-Moghaddam
- Nutrition and Biochemistry, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipur Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Gholamreza Asadikaram
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipur Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran (the Islamic Republic of) .,Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mohammad Masoumi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Erfan Sadeghi
- Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Hamed Akbari
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moslem Abolhassani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences,Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Farsinejad
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Morteza Khaleghi
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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10
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Diakos NA, Taleb I, Kyriakopoulos CP, Shah KS, Javan H, Richins TJ, Yin MY, Yen C, Dranow E, Bonios MJ, Alharethi R, Koliopoulou AG, Taleb M, Fang JC, Selzman CH, Stellos K, Drakos SG. Circulating and Myocardial Cytokines Predict Cardiac Structural and Functional Improvement in Patients With Heart Failure Undergoing Mechanical Circulatory Support. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020238. [PMID: 34595931 PMCID: PMC8751895 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent prospective multicenter data from patients with advanced heart failure demonstrated that left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support combined with standard heart failure medications, induced significant cardiac structural and functional improvement, leading to high rates of LVAD weaning in selected patients. We investigated whether preintervention myocardial and systemic inflammatory burden could help identify the subset of patients with advanced heart failure prone to LVAD-mediated cardiac improvement to guide patient selection, treatment, and monitoring. Methods and Results Ninety-three patients requiring durable LVAD were prospectively enrolled. Myocardial tissue and blood were acquired during LVAD implantation, for measurement of inflammatory markers. Cardiac structural and functional improvement was prospectively assessed via serial echocardiography. Eleven percent of the patients showed significant reverse remodeling following LVAD support (ie, responders). Circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-13, and interferon gamma were lower in responders, compared with nonresponders (P<0.05, all comparisons). The myocardial tissue signal transducer and activator of transcription-3, an inflammatory response regulator, was less activated in responders (P=0.037). Guided by our tissue studies and a multivariable dichotomous regression analysis, we identified that low levels of circulating interferon gamma (odds ratio [OR], 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.35) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (OR, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.00-0.43), independently predict cardiac improvement, creating a 2-cytokine model effectively predicting responders (area under the curve, 0.903; P<0.0001). Conclusions Baseline myocardial and systemic inflammatory burden inversely correlates with cardiac improvement following LVAD support. A circulating 2-cytokine model predicting significant reverse remodeling was identified, warranting further investigation as a practical preintervention tool in identifying patients prone to LVAD-mediated cardiac improvement and device weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos A. Diakos
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT,Present address:
Division of CardiologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNY
| | - Iosif Taleb
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT,University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Christos P. Kyriakopoulos
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT,University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Kevin S. Shah
- University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Hadi Javan
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT,University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Tyler J. Richins
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Michael Y. Yin
- University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Chi‐Gang Yen
- University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Elizabeth Dranow
- University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Michael J. Bonios
- University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT,Present address:
Onassis Cardiac Surgery CenterAthensGreece
| | - Rami Alharethi
- University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Antigone G. Koliopoulou
- University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT,Present address:
Onassis Cardiac Surgery CenterAthensGreece
| | - Mariam Taleb
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT
| | - James C. Fang
- University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Craig H. Selzman
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT,University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Cardiovascular Research CentreNewcastle University & Cardiothoracic CentreNewcastle upon Tyne HospitalsNewcastleUK
| | - Stavros G. Drakos
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT,University of Utah Health and School of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterU.T.A.H. (Utah Transplant Affiliated Hospitals) Cardiac Transplant ProgramSalt Lake CityUT
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11
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Huang J, Li M, Li J, Liang B, Chen Z, Yang J, Guo X, Huang S, Gu L, Su L. LncRNA H19 rs4929984 Variant is Associated with Coronary Artery Disease Susceptibility in Han Chinese Female Population. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1359-1380. [PMID: 33826032 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10055-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play an important role in cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the levels of lncRNA H19 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and the genetic association of lncRNA H19 rs217727 and rs4929984 polymorphisms with CAD susceptibility. We detected an upregulated expression of lncRNA H19 in the peripheral blood of CAD patients compared with healthy controls, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of lncRNA H19 for CAD diagnosis was 0.918. In addition, rs4929984 was associated with the susceptibility of Han Chinese females to CAD, as shown in the additive and dominant models, and the significant association remained after adjusting for age and Bonferroni correction. The A allele carriers of rs4929984 were correlated with females' susceptibility to CAD compared with the C allele, and the A-G haplotype of rs4929984-rs217727 was associated with females' susceptibility to CAD. Furthermore, rs217727 and rs4929984 were associated with the levels of clinicopathological parameters of CAD cases. We suggest that lncRNA H19 has a potential to be a diagnostic biomarker for CAD; rs4929984 polymorphism is associated with females' susceptibility to CAD in the Han Chinese population, and lncRNA H19 variants may influence lipid metabolism, inflammation, and coagulation function of CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Huang
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Minhua Li
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Baoyun Liang
- Department of Internal Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhaoxia Chen
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jialei Yang
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Siyun Huang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lian Gu
- Department of Internal Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Su
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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12
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Grandys M, Majerczak J, Zapart-Bukowska J, Duda K, Kulpa JK, Zoladz JA. Lowered Serum Testosterone Concentration Is Associated With Enhanced Inflammation and Worsened Lipid Profile in Men. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:735638. [PMID: 34566895 PMCID: PMC8459752 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.735638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The negative relationship between testosterone and inflammatory cytokines has been reported for decades, although the exact mechanisms of their interactions are still not clear. At the same time, little is known about the relation between androgens and acute phase proteins. Therefore, in this investigation, we aimed to study the relationship between androgen status and inflammatory acute phase reactants in a group of men using multi-linear regression analysis. Venous blood samples were taken from 149 men ranging in age from 18 to 77 years. Gonadal androgens [testosterone (T) and free testosterone (fT)], acute phase reactants [C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin (FER), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)], cortisol (C), and lipid profile concentrations were determined. It was demonstrated that the markers of T and fT were negatively correlated with all acute phase proteins (CRP, FER, and AAG; p < 0.02) and the blood lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG); p < 0.03]. Multivariate analysis showed that T, fT, and the fT/C ratio were inversely correlated with the CRP, AAG, and FER concentrations independently of age and blood lipids. When adjustment for BMI was made, T, fT, and the fT/C ratio were negatively correlated with the AAG concentrations only. In addition, it was demonstrated that gonadal androgens were positively correlated with physical activity level (p < 0.01). We have concluded that a lowered serum T concentration may promote inflammatory processes independently of adipose tissue and age through a reduced inhibition of inflammatory cytokine synthesis, which leads to enhanced acute phase protein production. Therefore, a low serum T concentration appears to be an independent risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the positive correlation between testosterone and physical activity level suggests that exercise training attenuates the age-related decrease in gonadal androgens and, in this way, may reduce the enhancement of systemic low-grade inflammation in aging men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Grandys
- Department of Muscle Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Rehabilitation, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- *Correspondence: Marcin Grandys, ; Jerzy A. Zoladz,
| | - Joanna Majerczak
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Justyna Zapart-Bukowska
- Department of Muscle Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Rehabilitation, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Duda
- Department of Nursing, Institute of Health Protection, The State Higher School of Vocational Education, Tarnow, Poland
| | - Jan K. Kulpa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre of Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Cracow Branch, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy A. Zoladz
- Department of Muscle Physiology, Institute of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Rehabilitation, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- *Correspondence: Marcin Grandys, ; Jerzy A. Zoladz,
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13
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Bowker N, Shah RL, Sharp SJ, Luan J, Stewart ID, Wheeler E, Ferreira MAR, Baras A, Wareham NJ, Langenberg C, Lotta LA. Meta-analysis investigating the role of interleukin-6 mediated inflammation in type 2 diabetes. EBioMedicine 2020; 61:103062. [PMID: 33096487 PMCID: PMC7581887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from animal models and observational epidemiology points to a role for chronic inflammation, in which interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a key player, in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, it is unknown whether IL-6 mediated inflammation is implicated in the pathophysiology of T2D. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of 15 prospective studies to investigate associations between IL-6 levels and incident T2D including 5,421 cases and 31,562 non-cases. We also estimated the association of a loss-of-function missense variant (Asp358Ala) in the IL-6 receptor gene (IL6R), previously shown to mimic the effects of IL-6R inhibition, in a large trans-ethnic meta-analysis of six T2D case-control studies including 260,614 cases and 1,350,640 controls. FINDINGS In a meta-analysis of 15 prospective studies, higher levels of IL-6 (per log pg/mL) were significantly associated with a higher risk of incident T2D (1·24 95% CI, 1·17, 1·32; P = 1 × 10-12). In a trans-ethnic meta-analysis of 260,614 cases and 1,350,640 controls, the IL6R Asp358Ala missense variant was associated with lower odds of T2D (OR, 0·98; 95% CI, 0·97, 0·99; P = 2 × 10-7). This association was not due to diagnostic misclassification and was consistent across ethnic groups. IL-6 levels mediated up to 5% of the association between higher body mass index and T2D. INTERPRETATION Large-scale human prospective and genetic data provide evidence that IL-6 mediated inflammation is implicated in the etiology of T2D but suggest that the impact of this pathway on disease risk in the general population is likely to be small. FUNDING The EPICNorfolk study has received funding from the Medical Research Council (MRC) (MR/N003284/1, MC-UU_12015/1 and MC_PC_13048) and Cancer Research UK (C864/A14136). The Fenland Study is funded by the MRC (MC_UU_12015/1 and MC_PC_13046).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Bowker
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Rupal L Shah
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Sharp
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Isobel D Stewart
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel A R Ferreira
- Regeneron Genetics Center, 777 Old Saw Mill River Rd, Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States
| | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Genetics Center, 777 Old Saw Mill River Rd, Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Luca A Lotta
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Regeneron Genetics Center, 777 Old Saw Mill River Rd, Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States
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14
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Tsoukas P, Laxer RM. Follow the complex bread crumbs: A review of autoinflammation for the general paediatrician. Paediatr Child Health 2020; 25:279-285. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxz072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Autoinflammatory diseases have emerged as a group of disorders that have significant morbidity, and even mortality. Since their onset predominately occurs during childhood, it is important that paediatricians are aware of what these diseases are, how they present, when to include them in differential diagnoses, and when to refer to a specialist. This review will focus on the clinical indicators suggestive of autoinflammatory disease, how the presence of an autoinflammatory disease may influence routine care, indications for immediate referral, and both their acute and chronic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Tsoukas
- Pediatric Rheumatology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ronald M Laxer
- Pediatric Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
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15
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The Role of MicroRNAs in Regulating Cytokines and Growth Factors in Coronary Artery Disease: The Ins and Outs. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:5193036. [PMID: 32775466 PMCID: PMC7397388 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5193036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery diseases (CAD), as a leading cause of mortality around the world, has attracted the researchers' attention for years to find out its underlying mechanisms and causes. Among the various key players in the pathogenesis of CAD cytokines, microRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial. In this study, besides providing a comprehensive overview of the involvement of cytokines, growth factors, and miRNAs in CAD, the interplay between miRNA with cytokine or growth factors during the development of CAD is discussed.
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16
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Rao KS, Suryaprakash V, Senthilkumar R, Preethy S, Katoh S, Ikewaki N, Abraham SJK. Role of Immune Dysregulation in Increased Mortality Among a Specific Subset of COVID-19 Patients and Immune-Enhancement Strategies for Combatting Through Nutritional Supplements. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1548. [PMID: 32733487 PMCID: PMC7363949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been causing varying severities of illness. Some are asymptomatic and some develop severe disease leading to mortality across ages. This contrast triggered us explore the causes, with the background that a vaccine for effective immunization or a drug to tackle COVID-19 is not too close to reality. We have discussed strategies to combat COVID-19 through immune enhancement, using simple measures including nutritional supplements. Discussion: A literature search on mortality-related comorbid conditions was performed. For those conditions, we analyzed the pro-inflammatory cytokines, which could cause the draining of the immune reservoir. We also analyzed the immune markers necessary for the defense mechanism/immune surveillance against COVID-19, especially through simple means including immune enhancing nutritional supplement consumption, and we suggest strategies to combat COVID-19. Major comorbid conditions associated with increased mortality include cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, being immunocompromised by cancer, and severe kidney disease with a senile immune system. Consumption of Aureobasidium pullulans strain (AFO-202) beta 1,3-1,6 glucan supported enhanced IL-8, sFAS macrophage activity, and NK cells' cytotoxicity, which are major defense mechanisms against viral infection. Conclusion: People with co-morbid conditions who are more prone to COVID-19-related deaths due to immune dysregulation are likely to benefit from consuming nutritional supplements that enhance the immune system. We recommend clinical studies to validate AFO-202 beta glucan in COVID-19 patients to prove its efficacy in overcoming a hyper-inflammation status, thus reducing the mortality, until a definite vaccine is made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosagi-Sharaf Rao
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panama City, Panama
| | | | - Rajappa Senthilkumar
- The Fujio-Eiji Academic Terrain, Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Chennai, India
| | - Senthilkumar Preethy
- The Fujio-Eiji Academic Terrain, Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Chennai, India
| | - Shojiro Katoh
- Edogawa Evolutionary Laboratory of Science, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobunao Ikewaki
- Department of Medical Life Science, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka, Japan
- Institute of Immunology, Junsei Educational Institute, Nobeoka, Japan
| | - Samuel J. K. Abraham
- The Mary-Yoshio Translational Hexagon, Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Chennai, India
- School of Medicine, Yamanashi University, Yamanashi, Japan
- GN Corporation Co. Ltd., Kofu, Japan
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17
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Pauli N, Puchałowicz K, Kuligowska A, Krzystolik A, Dziedziejko V, Safranow K, Rać M, Chlubek D, Ewa Rać M. Associations between IL-6 and Echo-Parameters in Patients with Early Onset Coronary Artery Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:E189. [PMID: 31739518 PMCID: PMC6963263 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9040189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last two decades, many studies have investigated the association between interleukin 6 (IL-6) and pathogenesis and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients with CAD manifested at a young age are a particularly interesting group. They differ from older patients, not only in terms of the severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis, but also risk factor profiles, short- and long-term prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). The role of IL-6 in younger patients with CAD is less well-known. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the relationship between IL-6 level and other inflammations, atherosclerosis, and cardiac function parameters in early onset CAD patients. METHODS The study covered 100 patients with early onset CAD and a group of 50 healthy participants. Plasma levels of IL-6 and basic biochemical parameters, anthropometric, echocardiographic, and arteries Doppler ultrasound measurements were performed. RESULTS We did not observe a significant difference in IL-6 concentration in plasma between patients with early onset CAD and a control group, but IL-6 level was negatively correlated with echocardiographic measurements of ascending aorta diameter, left ventricular shortening fraction, and right ventricular end-diastolic diameter in our patients. CONCLUSIONS In patients with early onset CAD, plasma IL-6 level is associated with other inflammation parameters and with cardiac function, potentially contributing to right ventricular remodeling and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. This suggests possible prognostic benefits of long-time observation of IL-6 level after the acute coronary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pauli
- Department of Cardiology, Regional Hospital, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland;
| | - Kamila Puchałowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.P.); (A.K.); (V.D.); (K.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Agnieszka Kuligowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.P.); (A.K.); (V.D.); (K.S.); (D.C.)
| | | | - Violetta Dziedziejko
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.P.); (A.K.); (V.D.); (K.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.P.); (A.K.); (V.D.); (K.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Michał Rać
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.P.); (A.K.); (V.D.); (K.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Monika Ewa Rać
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.P.); (A.K.); (V.D.); (K.S.); (D.C.)
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18
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Knutsson A, Björkbacka H, Dunér P, Engström G, Binder CJ, Nilsson AH, Nilsson J. Associations of Interleukin-5 With Plaque Development and Cardiovascular Events. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2019; 4:891-902. [PMID: 31909299 PMCID: PMC6939009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Experimental studies have suggested an atheroprotective role of interleukin (IL)-5 through the stimulation of natural immunoglobulin M antibody expression. In the present study we show that there are no associations between baseline levels of IL-5 and risk for development of coronary events or stroke during a 15.7 ± 6.3 years follow-up of 696 subjects randomly sampled from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study. However, presence of a plaque at the carotid bifurcation was associated with lower IL-5 and IL-5 deficiency resulted in increased plaque development at sites of oscillatory blood flow in Apoe -/- mice suggesting a protective role for IL-5 in plaque development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anki Knutsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Harry Björkbacka
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pontus Dunér
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jan Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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19
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Suyoto PST, Aulia B. Low muscle mass and inflammation among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. Diabetol Int 2019; 10:219-224. [PMID: 31275789 PMCID: PMC6592986 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-018-0384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic inflammation, as observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is associated with complications. How chronic inflammation influences body composition in patients with T2DM remains to be investigated. Our study aimed to evaluate the difference of skeletal muscle mass between patients with and without inflammation indicated by plasma high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). METHODS Patients with T2DM were recruited from primary health care in Sleman district, Indonesia. Measurements were performed to obtain information on body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, total body fat, subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, mid-upper arm circumference, and muscle mass. Spearman's rank correlation was performed to test the correlation between hs-CRP level and several components of body composition. To test the difference of percent skeletal muscle mass between subjects with and without inflammation (hs-CRP ≥ 3 or < 3 mg/dL), general linear model was utilized with adjustment for several variables. Analysis with p value of less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant. RESULT In all subjects, hs-CRP is correlated with skeletal muscle mass (r: - 0.343; p = 0.04), total body fat (r: 0.353; p = 0.04), and subcutaneous fat (r: 0.369; p = 0.02) but not visceral fat (p: - 0.065; p = ns). Significant difference of skeletal muscle mass between subjects with and without inflammation was found in all and female subjects after adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSION There was a negative correlation between skeletal muscle mass percentage and inflammation indicated by hs-CRP in type 2 diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perdana Samekto Tyasnugroho Suyoto
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Health and Human Nutrition, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bianda Aulia
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Health and Human Nutrition, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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20
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Proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ, lncRNA BANCR and the occurrence of coronary artery disease. Life Sci 2019; 231:116510. [PMID: 31141710 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Coronary artery disease (CAD) ranks the leading cause of death globally. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) gene, along with long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) BRAF-activated noncoding RNA (BANCR), could coordinately function in the occurrence of CAD. We hypothesized that level of IFN-γ, genetic variants of IFN-γ and BANCR gene should be associated with the occurrence of CAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case-control study was conducted in Chinese population. KEY FINDINGS We found that serum level of IFN-γ in CAD cases was significantly higher than that in controls (P < 0.001). Compared with the first quartile, all of the second (OR: 1.87; 95% CIs: 1.33-2.62), the third (OR: 1.79; 95% CIs: 1.30-2.45), and the fourth (OR: 3.98; 95% CIs: 2.59-6.12) quartiles of serum level of IFN-γ were associated with increased risk of CAD (P < 0.05). We found IFN-γ gene (rs2069705 and rs2430561), and 2 variants in lncRNA BANCR (rs6559446 and rs79823312) could increase CAD susceptibility in allelic and dominant model, while IFN-γ rs2069705 and rs2430561, BANCR rs79823312 were also associated with CAD risk in additive model. IFN-γ rs2069705 and rs2430561 were associated with higher level of serum IFN-γ in CAD patients (P < 0.001). SIGNIFICANCE This study confirmed the crucial role of IFN-γ and lncRNA BANCR in the occurrence of CAD, and might serve as the biomarkers of CAD screening and prevention.
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Parhampour B, Dadgoo M, Vasaghi-Gharamaleki B, Torkaman G, Ravanbod R, Mirzaii-Dizgah I, Reza Baghaipour M, Saneii SH. The effects of six-week resistance, aerobic and combined exercises on the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in overweight patients with moderate haemophilia A: A randomized controlled trial. Haemophilia 2019; 25:e257-e266. [PMID: 31131517 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overweight increases the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and serves as a major risk factor for arthropathy and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This condition is becoming increasingly prevalent among patients with haemophilia (PWH). Different forms of exercise training could favourably modify weight-related complications, cardiovascular risk factors and the inflammation. AIM To investigate the effects of resistance, aerobic and combined exercises on the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in overweight patients with moderate haemophilia A. METHODS Forty-eight patients with moderate haemophilia A, aged 35-55 years, and body mass index (BMI) of 25-30 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to resistance training (RT, n = 12), aerobic (AT, n = 12), combined training (CT, n = 12) and control (n = 12) groups. The patients participated in 45-minutes exercise sessions three times a week for 6 weeks. Waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass, fat-free mass, interleukin-10 (IL-10), adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured before and after the 6 weeks of training. RESULTS There was significant decrease in WC, WHR, BMI and weight in the AT, RT and CT groups as compared to the control group. Total HJHS scores decreased in the AT, RT, CT groups compared to the control groups (P ≤ 0.001). The decrease in hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α in the CT group was significant compared to the control group (P ≤ 0.02). The increase in IL-10 and adiponectin was not significant in the RT, AT and CT groups compared to the control group. CONCLUSION CT was the most effective training mode for decreasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing anti-inflammatory markers in overweight patients with haemophilia A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Parhampour
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadgoo
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Vasaghi-Gharamaleki
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Rehabilitation Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giti Torkaman
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Ravanbod
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Mirzaii-Dizgah
- Department of physiology, School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Hassan Saneii
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Rehabilitation Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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