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Figueiredo ID, Lima TFO, Carlstrom PF, Assis RP, Brunetti IL, Baviera AM. Lycopene in Combination with Insulin Triggers Antioxidant Defenses and Increases the Expression of Components That Detoxify Advanced Glycation Products in Kidneys of Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:1580. [PMID: 38892513 PMCID: PMC11173891 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biochemical events provoked by oxidative stress and advanced glycation may be inhibited by combining natural bioactives with classic therapeutic agents, which arise as strategies to mitigate diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to investigate whether lycopene combined with a reduced insulin dose is able to control glycemia and to oppose glycoxidative stress in kidneys of diabetic rats. METHODS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with 45 mg/kg lycopene + 1 U/day insulin for 30 days. The study assessed glycemia, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and paraoxonase 1 (PON-1) activity in plasma. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and the protein levels of advanced glycation end-product receptor 1 (AGE-R1) and glyoxalase-1 (GLO-1) in the kidneys were also investigated. RESULTS An effective glycemic control was achieved with lycopene plus insulin, which may be attributed to improvements in insulin sensitivity. The combined therapy decreased the dyslipidemia and increased the PON-1 activity. In the kidneys, lycopene plus insulin increased the activities of SOD and CAT and the levels of AGE-R1 and GLO-1, which may be contributing to the antialbuminuric effect. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that lycopene may aggregate favorable effects to insulin against diabetic complications resulting from glycoxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Delbone Figueiredo
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
| | - Tayra Ferreira Oliveira Lima
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
| | - Paulo Fernando Carlstrom
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
| | - Renata Pires Assis
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
- Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University (Unip), Araraquara 14804-300, SP, Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
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2
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Argaev-Frenkel L, Rosenzweig T. Redox Balance in Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Potential and the Challenge of Antioxidant-Based Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050994. [PMID: 37237860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated complications. Unfortunately, most clinical studies have failed to provide sufficient evidence regarding the benefits of antioxidants (AOXs) in treating this disease. Based on the known complexity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) functions in both the physiology and pathophysiology of glucose homeostasis, it is suggested that inappropriate dosing leads to the failure of AOXs in T2D treatment. To support this hypothesis, the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of T2D is described, together with a summary of the evidence for the failure of AOXs in the management of diabetes. A comparison of preclinical and clinical studies indicates that suboptimal dosing of AOXs might explain the lack of benefits of AOXs. Conversely, the possibility that glycemic control might be adversely affected by excess AOXs is also considered, based on the role of ROS in insulin signaling. We suggest that AOX therapy should be given in a personalized manner according to the need, which is the presence and severity of oxidative stress. With the development of gold-standard biomarkers for oxidative stress, optimization of AOX therapy may be achieved to maximize the therapeutic potential of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tovit Rosenzweig
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
- Adison School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
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3
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Oyedemi SO, Eze K, Aiyegoro OA, Ibeh RC, Ikechukwu GC, Swain SS, Ejiofor E, Oyedemi BO. Computational, chemical profiling and biochemical evaluation of antidiabetic potential of Parkia biglobosa stem bark extract in type 2 model of rats. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:9948-9961. [PMID: 34180357 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1938228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the antidiabetic and antioxidant capacity of hydromethanol extract from Parkia biglobosa stem bark (PBSBHM) in fructose-streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats after 28 days of oral administration. Simultaneously, evaluated the phenolic profiles and mineral compositions of crude extract. Molecular docking analysis of protocatechuic acid, the most abundant phenolic acid with potential downstream partners protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II), was investigated. The preliminary results showed that PBSBHM crude extract contained 225.2 ± 18.25 mg GAE/g of total phenolic and 99.28 ± 12.3 mg QE/g of total flavonoid. Both protocatechuic and gallic acids were identified as a prominent phenolic compound through HPLC analysis, while vanillic acid was not detected. High mineral composition of K, Mg, P, Ca while Mn and Cr as trace elements were found in PBSBHM by plasma optical emission spectroscopy. PBSBHM extracts showed a significant radical scavenging activity from a therapeutic point of view, a moderate antioxidant potential and improved glucose tolerance after 30 min of glucose loading. PBSBHM extracts significantly attenuated serum glucose level and glycosylated haemoglobin at the tested dosage. However, it elevated the hepatic hexokinase activity and glycogen level compared with the diabetic untreated rats. PBSBHM ameliorates the decreased activity of pancreatic superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione but decreased the MDA level. Docking analysis of protocatechuic acid showed a moderate affinity for the target enzymes compared to the standard drugs. Our data showed that the stem bark extract of this botanical has antidiabetic potential and at least in part substantiates its traditional use in the management of diabetes, possibly due to the synergistic interactions of protocatechuic acid with other biologically active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunday O Oyedemi
- School of Science and Technology, Department of Pharmacology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Kingsley Eze
- School of Science and Technology, Department of Pharmacology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Olayinka A Aiyegoro
- GI Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit, Agricultural Research Council, Animal Production Institute, Irene, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Raymond C Ibeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Gavin C Ikechukwu
- School of Science and Technology, Department of Pharmacology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Emmanuel Ejiofor
- Biochemistry Programme, Department of Chemical sciences, Faculty of Science, Clifford University, Owerrinta, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Blessing O Oyedemi
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
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4
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Combined Effects of Lycopene and Metformin on Decreasing Oxidative Stress by Triggering Endogenous Antioxidant Defenses in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238503. [PMID: 36500596 PMCID: PMC9737677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Since lycopene has antioxidant activity, its combination with metformin may be useful to contrast diabetic complications related to oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of metformin combined with lycopene on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Seventy-two C57BL-6J mice were divided into six groups: C (control diet-fed mice), H (HFD-fed mice for 17 weeks), H-V (HFD-fed mice treated with vehicle), H-M (HFD-fed mice treated with 50 mg/kg metformin), H-L (HFD-fed mice treated with 45 mg/kg lycopene), and H-ML (HFD-fed mice treated with 50 mg/kg metformin + 45 mg/kg lycopene). Treatments were administered for 8 weeks. Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, fluorescent AGEs (advanced glycation end products), TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances), and activities of antioxidant enzymes paraoxonase-1 (PON-1; plasma), superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase (liver and kidneys) were determined. Metformin plus lycopene reduced body weight; improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance; and decreased AGEs and TBARS in plasma, liver and kidneys. Combined therapy significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, mainly PON-1. Lycopene combined with metformin improved insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, and caused further increases in endogenous antioxidant defenses, arising as a promising therapeutic strategy for combating diabetic complications resulting from glycoxidative stress.
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5
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Farhadi A, Totonchi M, Nabavi SM, Baharvand H, Pakdaman H, Hajizadeh-Saffar E, Mousavi SA, Hadi F, Al-Sinawi H, Li Q, Zhang JS, Tahamtani Y, Shahpasand K. P38 Initiates Degeneration of midbrain GABAergic and Glutamatergic Neurons in Diabetes Models. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:3755-3778. [PMID: 35513862 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus may cause tau protein hyperphosphorylation and neurodegeneration, but the exact mechanism by which diabetic conditions induce tau pathology remains unclear. Tau protein hyperphosphorylation is considered a major pathological hallmark of neurodegeneration and can be triggered by diabetes. Various tau-directed kinases, including P38, can be activated upon diabetic stress and induce tau hyperphosphorylation. Despite extensive research efforts the exact tau specie(s) and kinases driving neurodegeneration in diabetes mellitus have not been clearly elucidated. We herein employed different techniques to determine the exact molecular mechanism of tau pathology triggered by diabetes in in vivo and in vitro models. We showed that diabetes-related stresses and glucose metabolism deficiency could induce cis P-tau (an early driver of the tau pathology) accumulation in the midbrain and corpus callosum of the diabetic mice models and cells treated with 2-deoxy-D-glucose, respectively. We found that the active phosphorylated level of P38 was increased in the treated cells and diabetic mice models. We observed that oxidative stress activated P38, which directly and indirectly drove tau pathology in the GABAergic and Glutamatergic neurons of the midbrain of the diabetic mice after 96 hours, which accumulated in the other neighboring brain areas after two months. Notably, P38 inhibition suppressed tau pathogenicity and risk-taking behaviors in the animal models after 96 hours. The data establish P38 as a central mediator of diabetes mellitus induced tau pathology. Our findings provide mechanistic insight into the consequences of this metabolic disorder on the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisan Farhadi
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Totonchi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Masood Nabavi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Pakdaman
- Brain Mapping Research Center, Department of Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Hajizadeh-Saffar
- Department of Regenerative medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mousavi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hadi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Al-Sinawi
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yaser Tahamtani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koorosh Shahpasand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Talpo TC, Motta BP, Oliveira JOD, Figueiredo ID, Pinheiro CG, dos Santos CHC, Carvalho MGD, Brunetti IL, Baviera AM. Siolmatra brasiliensis stem extract ameliorates antioxidant defenses and mitigates glycoxidative stress in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity. Obes Res Clin Pract 2022; 16:130-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Anwar S, Raut R, Alsahli MA, Almatroudi A, Alfheeaid H, Alzahrani FM, Khan AA, Allemailem KS, Almatroodi SA, Rahmani AH. Role of Ajwa Date Fruit Pulp and Seed in the Management of Diseases through In Vitro and In Silico Analysis. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010078. [PMID: 35053077 PMCID: PMC8773040 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Most diseases result in an imbalance of antioxidant defense, inflammatory responses, and membrane permeabilization. The current therapeutic modules of disease prevention are not fully effective and have some adverse effects on physiological parameters. In this vista, medicinal plants and their active compounds have proven to be effective against disease prevention and treatment. Ajwa dates have high nutritional value and are reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. In the current in vitro study, Ajwa fruit pulp and seed extract were found to have strong antioxidant properties, stabilize the RBC membrane, and have a good protective capacity against protein denaturation. Besides this, the seed extract prevents glucose-mediated browning of BSA as well as inhibiting the development of cross-amyloid and AGEs formations. Molecular docking results confirm the interaction between functional residues of antioxidant enzymes and components of Ajwa fruit pulp and seed contents. Therefore, the consumption of Ajwa dates can be beneficial in disease prevention and treatment. However, more detailed study is required based on pharmacological aspects to determine the mechanisms of action of Ajwa dates’ components in disease prevention. Abstract This study investigated the health-promoting activities of methanolic extracts of Ajwa date seed and fruit pulp extracts through in vitro studies. These studies confirmed potential antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, anti-proteolytic, and anti-bacterial activities associated with Ajwa dates. The EC50 values of fruit pulp and seed extracts in methanol were reported to be 1580.35 ± 0.37 and 1272.68 ± 0.27 µg/mL, respectively, in the DPPH test. The maximum percentage of hydrogen peroxide-reducing activity was 71.3 and 65.38% for both extracts at 600 µg/mL. Fruit pulp and seed extracts inhibited heat-induced BSA denaturation by 68.11 and 60.308%, heat-induced hemolysis by 63.84% and 58.10%, and hypersalinity-induced hemolysis by 61.71% and 57.27%, and showed the maximum anti-proteinase potential of 56.8 and 51.31% at 600 μg/mL, respectively. Seed and fruit pulp inhibited heat-induced egg albumin denaturation at the same concentration by 44.31 and 50.84%, respectively. Ajwa seed showed minimum browning intensity by 63.2%, percent aggregation index by 64.2%, and amyloid structure by 63.8% at 600 μg/mL. At 100 mg/mL, Ajwa seed extract exhibited good antibacterial activity. Molecular docking analysis showed that ten active constituents of Ajwa seeds bind with the critical antioxidant enzymes, catalase (1DGH) and superoxide dismutase (5YTU). The functional residues involved in such interactions include Arg72, Ala357, and Leu144 in 1DGH, and Gly37, Pro13, and Asp11 in 5YTU. Hence, Ajwa dates can be used to develop a suitable alternative therapy in various diseases, including diabetes and possibly COVID-19-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehwaz Anwar
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Ravindra Raut
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur 713209, India;
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Hani Alfheeaid
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faisal M. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (S.A.A.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.A.); (A.H.R.)
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (S.A.A.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.A.); (A.H.R.)
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Lim OZ, Yeoh BS, Omar N, Mohamed M, Zin AAM, Ahmad R. Stingless bee propolis, metformin, and their combination alleviate diabetic cardiomyopathy. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oon Zhi Lim
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia; Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim, Malaysia
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9
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Lu T, Lee HC. Coronary Large Conductance Ca 2+-Activated K + Channel Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus. Front Physiol 2021; 12:750618. [PMID: 34744789 PMCID: PMC8567020 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.750618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications, while cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of death in both men and women with diabetes. Large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels are abundantly expressed in arteries and are the key ionic determinant of vascular tone and organ perfusion. It is well established that the downregulation of vascular BK channel function with reduced BK channel protein expression and altered intrinsic BK channel biophysical properties is associated with diabetic vasculopathy. Recent efforts also showed that diabetes-associated changes in signaling pathways and transcriptional factors contribute to the downregulation of BK channel expression. This manuscript will review our current understandings on the molecular, physiological, and biophysical mechanisms that underlie coronary BK channelopathy in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Anti-Diabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Red Wine Concentrate Enriched with Polyphenol Compounds under Experimental Diabetes in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091399. [PMID: 34573031 PMCID: PMC8471289 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We obtained red wine concentrate, which was enriched with natural polyphenolic compounds (PC concentrate). The main purpose was to study the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of the red wine concentrate, and its impact on key hematological parameters of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus. While administrating the red wine concentrate to rats with diabetes, partial recovering of glucose tolerance was promoted, as well as normalization of glycated hemoglobin level, an increase in the quantity of erythrocytes and hemoglobin concentration. PC concentrate had anti-radical effect, which was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical (DPPH) method and effectively inhibited oxidation of phosphatidylcholine liposomes, induced by 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) as a free radical generator. It was also confirmed that PC concentrate had antioxidant properties in vivo. The contents of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation products, the activity of catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were increased in the plasma of rats with diabetes mellitus. At the same time, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was decreased. The concentrate of red wine had a corrective effect on investigated indicators and caused their normalization in plasma of diabetic animals.
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11
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Mbatha B, Khathi A, Sibiya N, Booysen I, Mangundu P, Ngubane P. Anti-hyperglycaemic effects of dioxidovanadium complex cis-[VO 2(obz)py] avert kidney dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Sprague-Dawley rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:402-410. [PMID: 33759555 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the success of antidiabetic drugs in alleviation of hyperglycaemia, diabetic complications, including renal dysfunction, continue to be a burden. This raises the need to seek alternative therapies that will alleviate these complications. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dioxidovanadium(V) complex cis-[VO2(obz)py] on renal function in diabetic rats. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with cis-[VO2(obz)py] (40 mg·kg-1) twice every third day for five weeks. Diabetic untreated and insulin-treated rats served as the diabetic control and positive control, respectively. Blood glucose concentrations, water intake, urinary output, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were monitored weekly for five weeks. Rats were then euthanized, and blood and kidney tissues were collected for biochemical analysis. Significant decreases in blood glucose concentrations, MAP, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and SGLT2 expression, as well as plasma angiotensin and aldosterone concentrations, were observed in the treated groups compared with the diabetic control. The complex also increased urinary glucose concentrations, antioxidant enzymes GPx and SOD concentrations, and decreased MDA concentrations and kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) concentrations. These findings suggest that the anti-hyperglycaemic effects of this vanadium complex may ameliorate kidney dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonisiwe Mbatha
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ntethelelo Sibiya
- Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Irvin Booysen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Patrick Mangundu
- School of Chemistry and Physics, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Phikelelani Ngubane
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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12
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Aminzadeh A, Tekiyeh Maroof N, Mehrabani M, Bahrampour Juybari K, Sharifi AM. Investigating The Alterations of Oxidative Stress Status, Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms, MAP Kinase and Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from STZ Diabetic Rats. CELL JOURNAL 2020; 22:38-48. [PMID: 32779432 PMCID: PMC7481893 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the reliability of diabetic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for autologous
cell-based therapies by exploring the functionality of signalling pathways involved in regulating oxidative stress and
apoptosis.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, ADSCs were isolated from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic
rats (dADSCs) and normal rats (nADSCs). The colonies derived from dADSCs and nADSCs were compared by
colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and total antioxidant power (TAP) were
also measured. Furthermore, the expression of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (Cat), superoxide dismutase
(Sod)-1 and -3, glutathione peroxidase (Gpx)-1, -3 and -4 was measured at mRNA level by semi-quantitative reverse
transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay. The expression of Bax, Bcl2, caspase-3, total and phosphorylated
c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) at protein level was analyzed by
western blotting.
Results The results of this study indicated that viability and plating efficiency of dADSCs were significantly lower than
those of nADSCs. ROS generation and TAP level were respectively higher and lower in dADSCs. The gene expression
of antioxidant enzymes, including Cat, Sod-1, Gpx-3 and Gpx-4 in dADSCs was significantly greater than that in
nADSCs. However, Sod-3 and Gpx-1 mRNA levels were decreased in dADSCs. Moreover, Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio,
caspase-3 protein expression and phosphorylation of JNK and P38 proteins were increased in dADSCs compared to
nADSCs.
Conclusion Taken together, diabetes might impair the cellular functions of dADSCs as candidates for autologous cell-
based therapies. This impairment seems to be mediated by JNK, P38 MAPKs, and mitochondria pathway of apoptosis
and partly by disruption of antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Aminzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Neda Tekiyeh Maroof
- Razi Drug Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Mehrabani
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
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13
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Sreevallabhan S, Mohanan R, Sukumaran S, Sobha AP, Jose SP, Sukumarapillai A, Jagmag T, Tilwani J. Ameliorating effect of glutathione-enriched herbal formulation (glothione) on alloxan-induced experimental diabetic model by modulating oxidative stress and pathogenesis. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13153. [PMID: 32026494 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is a common metabolic or endocrine disorder that occurs as a result of insufficient amounts of insulin secretion or defect in the action of insulin produced from pancreatic beta cells. Antioxidant containing food items are very effective in reducing complications that arise due to diabetes, indicating that it may be beneficial for treating metabolic disorders. In this study, we used some essential nutrients enriched with glutathione, named as Glothione (GN), and evaluated the antidiabetic effect of GN in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The treatment with GN showed significant reduction in the blood glucose level, HbA1c level, and liver markers like SGOT, SGPT, and ALP and shows increased antioxidant status and decreased inflammatory markers. Histopathological analysis of pancreas and liver tissue showed that there were no abnormalities in the rat after the administration of GN. Thus, antioxidant-enriched formulation of GN can be used as a potent hypoglycaemic drug. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Glothione is a glutathione-enriched formulation that contains essential nutrients required for the normal functioning of the body. Recent trends in lifestyle and food habits have been noted to cause health risks and subject the body through physical and physiological stress--hence the importance of antioxidant-rich foods. Antioxidants are capable of boosting metabolism and other physiological processes. Thus, the consumption of GN can enhance the antioxidant status within the body. GN does not contain any chemical ingredients so it will not cause any side effects. It has a strong antidiabetic effect and is also able to control a number of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandya Sukumaran
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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14
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Mchunu N, Chukwuma CI, Ibrahim MA, Oyebode OA, Dlamini SN, Islam MS. Commercially available non-nutritive sweeteners modulate the antioxidant status of type 2 diabetic rats. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12775. [PMID: 31353552 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are increasingly being used by diabetics, but little is known about their effects on antioxidant status. We investigated the effects of ad libitum consumption of commercially available NNS (aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, and cyclamate-based sweeteners) on antioxidative markers in a rat model of type 2 diabetes (T2D). NNS consumption reduced (p < 0.05) T2D-induced lipid peroxidation and boosted serum, hepatic, renal, cardiac, and pancreatic glutathione (GSH) levels. Catalase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activity was increased in the serum and most organs upon diabetes induction, perhaps due to adaptative antioxidant response to the diabetes-induced lipid peroxidation. NNS showed varying effects on serum and tissue antioxidant enzymes of animals. An antioxidant capacity scores sheet of NNS, suggest that aspartame-based NNS may not exert antioxidant effects in diabetics, while saccharin-based NNS may be a potent antioxidative sweetener as seen in the animal model of T2D. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The use of NNS is becoming more popular, especially for diabetic individuals. While there are several commercial NNS available in the market, little is known about how they affect the antioxidant status of consumers. We therefore investigated how some commercially available NNS affect the antioxidant status of diabetic rats. Observed data revealed varying effects of NNS on serum and different organs, which suggest that some NNS may be better than others for diabetic oxidative stress and thus may be recommended for consumers. However, this finding is subject to additional corroborative clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomcebo Mchunu
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
| | - Chika Ifeanyi Chukwuma
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Auwal Ibrahim
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Olajumoke A Oyebode
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
| | - Siphiwe Ndumiso Dlamini
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
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15
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Tiwari BK, Abidi AB, Rizvi SI, Pandey KB. Effect of oral supplementation of composite leaf extract of medicinal plants on biomarkers of oxidative stress in induced diabetic Wistar rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:361-366. [PMID: 29207888 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1411369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation of composite extract of leaves (CLE) of four medicinal plants; Aegle marmelos, Ocimum sanctum, Murraya koenigii and Azadirachta indica on markers of oxidative stress in brain tissues of alloxan-induced diabetic rats in vivo. Enhanced lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and reduced antioxidative defence systems were measured in brain tissues of diabetic rats. Supplementation of CLE, once in a day for 35 days significantly (p < .05) protected the peroxidation of lipid, oxidation of protein and ameliorated the antioxidant defence in brain tissue of diabetic rats. It was observed that the insulin-like effect of CLE was dose dependent; higher effect at higher doses. The results of the study suggest that supplementation CLE may provide an overall homeostasis and significant neuro-protection through rescuing brain cells from oxidative abuse and accelerating brain antioxidative defence during advanced stage of hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahm Kumar Tiwari
- a Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering , Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS) , Allahabad , India
| | - Abu Baker Abidi
- a Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering , Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS) , Allahabad , India
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- b Department of Biochemistry , University of Allahabad , Allahabad , India
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16
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Patar AK, Sharma A, Syiem D, Bhan S. Chlorophyllin supplementation modulates hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in liver of streptozotocin-administered mice. Biofactors 2018; 44:418-430. [PMID: 30303271 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophyllin is a water-soluble mixture of sodium-copper salts of chlorophyll with antioxidant and antimutagen properties. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of chlorophyllin on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in liver of streptozotocin (STZ)-administered mice. In STZ-induced diabetes, two causative factors for pancreatic β-cell deaths are DNA alkylation and profound reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In this study, chlorophyllin treatment was found to be able to modulate oxidative stress and apoptosis in liver of diabetic mice. Diabetic mice exhibited a significant reduction of ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl levels upon treatment with the chlorophyllin. However, antioxidant enzymes, such as copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and catalase (CAT) showed enhanced activity as well as expression in chlorophyllin-administered diabetic mice. The hepatoprotective effect of chlorophyllin was confirmed from the decreased activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The histological and ultrastructural studies revealed the ability of chlorophyllin to restore morphological and cellular alterations as observed in STZ-induced diabetic mice. The effect of chlorophyllin on apoptosis showed the downregulation of cysteine-dependent aspartate-specific protease (caspase) 3 and caspase 9, whereas upregulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein, and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay demonstrated a few apoptotic cells. In conclusion, it can be stated that chlorophyllin treatment can exert hepatoprotective effect via modulating hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in STZ-administered diabetic mice. © 2018 BioFactors, 44(5):418-430, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abani Kumar Patar
- Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Anupama Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Donkupar Syiem
- Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Surya Bhan
- Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
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17
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Varut RM, Gîrd CE, Rotaru LT, Varut MC, Pisoschi CG. Evaluation of Polyphenol and Flavonoid Profiles and the Antioxidant Effect of Carduus Acanthoides Hydroalcoholic Extract Compared with Vaccinium Myrtillus in an Animal Model of Diabetes Mellitus. Pharm Chem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-018-1746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Saha MR, Dey P, Sarkar I, De Sarker D, Haldar B, Chaudhuri TK, Sen A. Acacia nilotica leaf improves insulin resistance and hyperglycemia associated acute hepatic injury and nephrotoxicity by improving systemic antioxidant status in diabetic mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 210:275-286. [PMID: 28859934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile is used as a traditional anti-diabetic remedy in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Egypt, Nigeria and is mentioned in Ayurveda as well. AIM The objective of the study was to evaluate the ethnomedicinal claim of A. nilotica leaf (ANL) extract for its efficiency in ameliorating diabetic complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS ANL was orally administrated (50 and 200mg/kg) to alloxanized mice (blood glucose > 200mg/dL) for 20d. Parameters of glucose metabolism, hepatotoxicity, hyperlipidemia and nephrotoxicity were measured with emphasis on elevated oxidative stress. ANL was chemically characterized using GC-MS. Further, docking studies were employed to predict molecular interactions. RESULTS ANL lowered (65%, P< 0.001) systemic glucose load in diabetic mice, which was otherwise 398% higher than control. ANL lowered (35%) insulin resistance, without any significant effect on insulin sensitivity (P> 0.05). Anti-hyperglycemic properties of ANL was further supported by lowering of HbA1c (34%; P< 0.001) and improved glucose utilization (OGTT). Overall diabetic complications were mitigated as reflected by lowered hepatic (ALT, AST) and renal (creatinine, BUN) injury markers and normalization of dyslipidemia. Elevated systemic oxidative stress was lowered by increased catalase and peroxidase activities in liver, kidney and skeletal muscle, resulting in 32% decrease of serum MDA levels. Apart from high phenolic and flavonoid content, tocopherol, catechol and β-sitosterol, identified in ANL, demonstrated substantial binding affinity with Nrf2 protein (5FNQ) reflecting possible crosstalk with intracellular antioxidant defense pathways. CONCLUSION The present study revealed the potentials of A. nilotica to alleviate diabetes-related systemic complications by limiting oxidative stress which justified the ethnopharmacological antidiabetic claim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Ranjan Saha
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India.
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India; Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Indrani Sarkar
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India.
| | - Dilip De Sarker
- Department of Botany, Raiganj University, Raiganj 733134, West Bengal, India.
| | - Biswajit Haldar
- Department of Pathology, North Bengal Medical College, Sushrutnagar, Siliguri 734012, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tapas Kumar Chaudhuri
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arnab Sen
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India.
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19
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Zhang B, Zhang Z, Ji H, Shi H, Chen S, Yan D, Jiang X, Shi B. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO-cGMP pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1053-1061. [PMID: 29403553 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is closely associated with the onset of diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic urethropathy is one of the most common complications of DM, but few studies have been conducted to investigate the role of oxidative stress in diabetic urethropathy. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has been previously reported to reduce oxidative injury. The present study aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress and the protective effects of GSPE on urethral dysfunction using a streptozotocin-induced DM rat model. Female Wistar rats were divided into a control group (n=36), a DM group (n=36) and a DM + GSPE group (n=36). Urodynamic testing was performed using a PowerLab data acquisition device. The expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), 3-nitrotyrosine and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was determined using western blot analysis. The expression of 3-nitrotyrosine was also determined using immunohistochemistry. Nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using commercial ELISA kits. A significant increase was observed in the intravesical pressure thresholds for inducing urethral relaxation and the urethral perfusion pressure nadir in DM rats compared with the control group. GSPE was observed to reverse the increase of these parameters compared with the DM group. In addition, GSPE could reverse the downregulation of nNOS, NO and cGMP expression, and the decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH-Px). GSPE reversed the upregulation of 3-nitrotyrosine and MDA in DM rats. GSPE also activated Nrf2, which is a key antioxidative transcription factor. The findings of the present study demonstrated that GSPE protects urethra function in DM rats through modulating the NO-cGMP signaling pathway. The protective roles of GSPE may be associated with activation of the Nrf2 defense pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China.,Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaocun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Shouzhen Chen
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Dongliang Yan
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Xuewen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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20
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Wojnar W, Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak I, Zych M. Diosmin ameliorates the effects of oxidative stress in lenses of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:995-1000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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21
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Sretenović S, Stamenović J, Stojanov A. CORRELATION BETWEEN ERYTHROCYTE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AND CATALASE LEVELS AND PERIPHERAL NERVE CONDUCTION IN DIABETIC NEUROPATHY PATIENTS. ACTA MEDICA MEDIANAE 2017. [DOI: 10.5633/amm.2017.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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22
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Chong CR, Clarke K, Levelt E. Metabolic Remodeling in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:422-430. [PMID: 28177068 PMCID: PMC5412022 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for heart failure and cardiovascular mortality with specific changes to myocardial metabolism, energetics, structure, and function. The gradual impairment of insulin production and signalling in diabetes is associated with elevated plasma fatty acids and increased myocardial free fatty acid uptake and activation of the transcription factor PPARα. The increased free fatty acid uptake results in accumulation of toxic metabolites, such as ceramide and diacylglycerol, activation of protein kinase C, and elevation of uncoupling protein-3. Insulin signalling and glucose uptake/oxidation become further impaired, and mitochondrial function and ATP production become compromised. Increased oxidative stress also impairs mitochondrial function and disrupts metabolic pathways. The diabetic heart relies on free fatty acids (FFA) as the major substrate for oxidative phosphorylation and is unable to increase glucose oxidation during ischaemia or hypoxia, thereby increasing myocardial injury, especially in ageing female diabetic animals. Pharmacological activation of PPARγ in adipose tissue may lower plasma FFA and improve recovery from myocardial ischaemic injury in diabetes. Not only is the diabetic heart energetically-impaired, it also has early diastolic dysfunction and concentric remodelling. The contractile function of the diabetic myocardium negatively correlates with epicardial adipose tissue, which secretes proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in interstitial fibrosis. Novel pharmacological strategies targeting oxidative stress seem promising in preventing progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy, although clinical evidence is lacking. Metabolic agents that lower plasma FFA or glucose, including PPARγ agonism and SGLT2 inhibition, may therefore be promising options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cher-Rin Chong
- 1 Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford
| | - Kieran Clarke
- 1 Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford
| | - Eylem Levelt
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital
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23
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Yang W, Burkhardt B, Fischer L, Beirow M, Bork N, Wönne EC, Wagner C, Husen B, Zeilinger K, Liu L, Nussler AK. Age-dependent changes of the antioxidant system in rat livers are accompanied by altered MAPK activation and a decline in motor signaling. EXCLI JOURNAL 2015; 14:1273-90. [PMID: 27004051 PMCID: PMC4800781 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive decrease of cellular functions, because cells gradually lose their capacity to respond to injury. Increased oxidative stress is considered to be one of the major contributors to age-related changes in all organs including the liver. Our study has focused on elucidating whether important antioxidative enzymes, the mTOR pathway, and MAPKs exhibit age-dependent changes in the liver of rats during aging. We found an age-dependent increase of GSH in the cytosol and mitochondria. The aged liver showed an increased SOD enzyme activity, while the CAT enzyme activity decreased. HO-1 and NOS-2 gene expression was lower in adult rats, but up-regulated in aged rats. Western blot analysis revealed that SOD1, SOD2, GPx, GR, γ-GCL, and GSS were age-dependent up-regulated, while CAT remained constant. We also demonstrated that the phosphorylation of Akt, JNK, p38, and TSC2(Ser1254) decreased while ERK1/2 and TSC2(Thr1462) increased age-dependently. Furthermore, our data show that the mTOR pathway seems to be activated in livers of aged rats, and hence stimulating cell proliferation/regeneration, as confirmed by an age-dependent increase of PCNA and p-eIF4E(Ser209) protein expression. Our data may help to explain the fact that liver cells only proliferate in cases of necessity, like injury and damage. In summary, we have demonstrated that, age-dependent changes of the antioxidant system and stress-related signaling pathways occur in the livers of rats, which may help to better understand organ aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Dept. of Traumatology, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Britta Burkhardt
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Dept. of Traumatology, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Luise Fischer
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Dept. of Traumatology, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maja Beirow
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Dept. of Traumatology, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nadja Bork
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Dept. of Traumatology, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eva C. Wönne
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus-Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Wagner
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Dept. of Traumatology, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bettina Husen
- Pharmacelsus GmbH, Science Park 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Katrin Zeilinger
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus-Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Andreas K. Nussler
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Dept. of Traumatology, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Sangi SMA, Sulaiman MI, El-Wahab MFA, Ahmedani EI, Ali SS. Antihyperglycemic effect of thymoquinone and oleuropein, on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in experimental animals. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S251-7. [PMID: 26664013 PMCID: PMC4653335 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.166017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important diseases related with endocrines. Its main manifestation includes abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids and inappropriate hyperglycemia that is caused by absolute or relative insulin deficiency. It affects humankind worldwide. Objectives: Our research was aimed to observe antihyperglycemic activity of thymoquinone and oleuropein. Materials and Methods: In this study, rats were divided into six groups, 6 rats in each. Diabetes was inducted by streptozotocin (STZ). The level of fasting blood glucose was determined for each rats during the experiment, doses of thymoquinone and oleuropein (3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg) for both, were injected intraperitoneal. Pancreatic tissues were investigated to compare β-cells in diabetic and treated rats. Result and Conclusion: It was found that thymoquinone and oleuropein significantly decrease serum Glucose levels in STZ induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mansour Ibrahim Sulaiman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Northern Borders University, Rafha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Fawzy Abd El-Wahab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Northern Borders University, Rafha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsamoual Ibrahim Ahmedani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Northern Borders University, Rafha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad Shaker Ali
- King Fahad Medical Research center, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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25
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Patel SN, Pandya K, Clark GJ, Parikh MC, Lau-Cam CA. Comparison of taurine and pantoyltaurine as antioxidants in vitro and in the central nervous system of diabetic rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 68:103-12. [PMID: 26616540 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study has comparatively evaluated the antiradical and antilipid peroxidizing actions of taurine (TAU) and its N-pantoyl analog pantoyltaurine (PTAU) in vitro, and has determined the extent to which these findings agree with the in vivo ability of these compounds to prevent changes in plasma glucose and in indices of oxidative stress in the plasma, brain and spinal cord induced by the diabetogen streptozotocin (STZ) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Using free radical-generating and oxidizing systems, PTAU was found more effective than TAU in scavenging DPPH, hydroxyl, peroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals and peroxynitrite, and in preventing lipid peroxidation of a brain homogenate by iron (III)-dopamine and the oxidation of dopamine by iron (III). On the other hand, when administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a 1.2mM/kg dose, 75min and 45min before a single i.p., 60mg/kg, dose of (STZ), TAU was about equipotent with PTAU in attenuating STZ-induced increases in glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), and the loss of reduced glutathione (GSH) in plasma collected at 24h post STZ. Moreover, the analysis of concurrently collected brain and spinal cords samples revealed that both TAU and PTAU were able to equally reverse the increases in MDA and NO concentrations and to effectively counteract the decrease in the GSH/GSSG ratio caused by STZ. Likewise, both compounds were very effective in preventing the losses of tissue catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. A comparison of the results for spinal cord and for brain parts such as the cerebellum, cortex and brain stem suggested the existence of regional differences in antioxidant potency between TAU and PTAU, especially in terms of antioxidant enzymes. In general, differences in antiradical and antioxidant potencies between TAU and PTAU derived from in vitro test are not reliable indicators of the antioxidant potencies these compounds may subsequently manifest in a living organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket N Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Jamaica, NY 11439, United States.
| | - Kashyap Pandya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Jamaica, NY 11439, United States.
| | - George J Clark
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Jamaica, NY 11439, United States.
| | - Mitul C Parikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Jamaica, NY 11439, United States.
| | - Cesar A Lau-Cam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Jamaica, NY 11439, United States.
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Sharma A, Yuen D, Huet O, Pickering R, Stefanovic N, Bernatchez P, de Haan JB. Lack of glutathione peroxidase-1 facilitates a pro-inflammatory and activated vascular endothelium. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 79:32-42. [PMID: 26569096 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A critical early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is vascular inflammation leading to endothelial dysfunction (ED). Reactive oxygen species and inflammation are inextricably linked and declining antioxidant defense is implicated in ED. We have previously shown that Glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1) is a crucial antioxidant enzyme in the protection against diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. In this study we aimed to investigate mechanisms by which lack of GPx1 affects pro-inflammatory mediators in primary aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) isolated from GPx1 knockout (GPx1 KO) mice. Herein, we demonstrate that lack of GPx1 prolonged TNF-α induced phosphorylation of P38, ERK and JNK, all of which was reversed upon treatment with the GPx1 mimetic, ebselen. In addition, Akt phosphorylation was reduced in GPx1 KO PAECs, which correlated with decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability as compared to WT PAECs. Furthermore, IκB degradation was prolonged in GPx1 KO PAECS suggesting an augmentation of NF-κB activity. In addition, the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) was significantly increased in GPx1 KO PAECs and aortas. Static and dynamic flow adhesion assays showed significantly increased adhesion of fluorescently labeled leukocytes to GPx1 KO PAECS and aortas respectively, which were significantly reduced by ebselen treatment. Our results suggest that GPx1 plays a critical role in regulating pro-inflammatory pathways, including MAPK and NF-κB, and down-stream mediators such as VCAM-1, in vascular endothelial cells. Lack of GPx1, via effects on p-AKT also affects signaling to eNOS-derived NO. We speculate based on these results that declining antioxidant defenses as seen in cardiovascular diseases, by failing to regulate these pro-inflammatory pathways, facilitates an inflammatory and activated endothelium leading to ED and atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpeeta Sharma
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Diabetic Complications Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Derek Yuen
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Diabetic Complications Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Olivier Huet
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Diabetic Complications Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, CHRU La Cavale Blanche, Université de Bretagne Ouest, Brest, France
| | - Raelene Pickering
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Diabetic Complications Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nada Stefanovic
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Diabetic Complications Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pascal Bernatchez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Judy B de Haan
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Diabetic Complications Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Dal S, Jeandidier N, Seyfritz E, Bietiger W, Péronet C, Moreau F, Pinget M, Maillard E, Sigrist S. Featured Article: Oxidative stress status and liver tissue defenses in diabetic rats during intensive subcutaneous insulin therapy. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 241:184-92. [PMID: 26385497 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215603837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term insulin delivery can reduce blood glucose variability in diabetic patients. In this study, its impact on oxidative stress status, inflammation, and liver injury was investigated. Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats with a single dose of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg). Untreated rats and rats administered Insuplant® (2 UI/200 g/day) through a subcutaneous osmotic pump for one or four weeks were compared with non-diabetic controls. Body weight, fructosamine level, total cholesterol, Insulin Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) level, lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidant capacity were measured. Hepatic injury was determined through the measurement of glycogen content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and macrophage infiltration. Liver oxidative stress status was evaluated through the measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase (NADPH oxidase) expression, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) activation. Induction of diabetes led to increased plasma oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, ROS production and macrophage infiltration increased in addition to SOD, CAT, and NADPH oxidase expression. Intensive insulin therapy improved metabolic control in diabetic animals as seen by a restoration of hepatic glycogen, plasma IGF-1 levels, and a decrease in plasma oxidative stress. However, insulin treatment did not result in a decrease in acute inflammation in diabetic rats as seen by continued ROS production and macrophage infiltration in the liver, and a decrease of p38MAPK activation. These results suggest that the onset of diabetes induces liver oxidative stress and inflammation, and that subcutaneous insulin administration cannot completely reverse these changes. Targeting oxidative stress and/or inflammation in diabetic patients could be an interesting strategy to improve therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Dal
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nathalie Jeandidier
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France Structure d'Endocrinologie, Diabète-Nutrition et Addictologie, Pôle NUDE, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, (HUS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Elodie Seyfritz
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - William Bietiger
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Claude Péronet
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - François Moreau
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France Structure d'Endocrinologie, Diabète-Nutrition et Addictologie, Pôle NUDE, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, (HUS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Pinget
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France Structure d'Endocrinologie, Diabète-Nutrition et Addictologie, Pôle NUDE, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, (HUS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Elisa Maillard
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Séverine Sigrist
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
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Al-Kafaji G, Sabry MA, Skrypnyk C. Time-course effect of high-glucose-induced reactive oxygen species on mitochondrial biogenesis and function in human renal mesangial cells. Cell Biol Int 2015; 40:36-48. [PMID: 26251331 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the time-course effect of high-glucose-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) on mitochondrial biogenesis and function in human renal mesangial cells and the effect of direct inhibition of ROS on mitochondria. The cells were cultured for 1, 4, and 7 days in normal glucose or high glucose in the presence and absence of Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin chloride (MnTBAP) or catalase. Mitochondrial ROS production was assessed by confocal microscope. mtDNA copy number and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factors 1 (NRF-1), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) transcripts were analyzed by real-time PCR. PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. Mitochondrial function was determined by assessing mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. High glucose induced significant increases in mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) at day 1, which remained significantly elevated at days 4 and 7. The copy number of mtDNA and expression of PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM were significantly increased at 1 day in high glucose but were significantly decreased at 4 and 7 days. A progressive decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential was observed at 1, 4, and 7 days in high glucose, and this was associated with decreased ATP levels. Treatment of cells with MnTBAP or catalase during high-glucose incubation attenuated ROS production and reversed the alterations in mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Increased mitochondrial biogenesis in human renal mesangial cells may be an early adaptive response to high-glucose-induced ROS, and prolonged ROS production induced by chronic high glucose decreased mitochondrial biogenesis and impaired mitochondrial function. Protection of mitochondria from high-glucose-induced ROS may provide a potential approach to retard the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine/Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Salmaniya Avenue, Road 2904, Building 293, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Mohamed Abdalla Sabry
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Cristina Skrypnyk
- Department of Molecular Medicine/Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Salmaniya Avenue, Road 2904, Building 293, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Bae WJ, Choi YS, Kim SJ, Cho HJ, Hong SH, Kim SW, Hwang TK, Kim DJ, Lee JY. Effects of Moderate Alcohol Intake in the Bladder of the Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty Diabetic Rats. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:1313-20. [PMID: 26339173 PMCID: PMC4553680 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.9.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is related with a number of cystopathic complications. However, there have been no studies about the influence of alcohol consumption in the bladder of type 2 diabetes. Thus, we investigated the effect of moderate alcohol intake in the bladder of the Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) diabetic rat. The non-diabetic Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO, n=14) and the OLETF control group (n=14) were fed an isocaloric diet; the LETO (n=14) and the OLETF ethanol group (n=14) were fed 36% ethanol 7 g/kg/day. After ten weeks, muscarinic receptors, RhoGEFs, myogenic change, and the level of oxidative stress were evaluated. Moderate alcohol intake significantly decreased excessive muscarinic receptor and Rho kinase expressions in the OLETF rats compared with the LETO rats. In addition, iNOS and collagen expression were not changed in the OLETF rats in spite of alcohol consumption. Superoxide dismutase levels, which is involved in antioxidant defense, in the LETO rats were significantly decreased after alcohol consumption, however those in the OLETF rats were similar. Moderate alcohol consumption reduces the oxidative stress, and may prevent molecular and pathologic changes of the bladder of rats with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Jin Bae
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Sun Choi
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk Jin Cho
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hoo Hong
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Woong Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Kon Hwang
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dai Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Youl Lee
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Catholic Prostate Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Bioinformatics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
The present study investigated the hepatoprotective role of selenium during alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, namely, normal control, selenium treated, diabetic, and selenium-treated diabetic. Diabetes was induced in the animals by injecting alloxan intraperitoneally at a dose rate of 150 mg/kg body weight. Selenium in the form of sodium selenite was supplemented to rats at a dose level of 1 ppm in drinking water, ad libitum for two time durations of 2 and 4 weeks. The effects of different treatments were studied on various parameters in rat liver, which included serum glucose levels, serum insulin levels, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione reduced (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), total glutathione (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, metallothionein (MT), and histoarchitecture. A significant increase in the serum glucose levels, LPO levels, and in enzyme activities of ALP, ALT, and AST was observed in diabetic rats which, however, got decreased significantly upon supplementation with selenium. On the contrary, decreased enzyme activities of GSSG, SOD, and CAT and depressed levels of GSH as well as serum insulin levels were observed in diabetic rats which got improved following selenium supplementation. Interestingly, MT levels were increased both in diabetic and selenium-treated diabetic rats. Further, marked alterations in histoarchitecture were seen in diabetic rats with the prominent features being congestion in sinusoids, lipid accumulation, and centrilobular hepatocyte degeneration. However, selenium treatment to diabetic rats showed overall improvement in the hepatic histoarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Q Qiu
- Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - L Dou
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - J Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Chayaratanasin P, Barbieri MA, Suanpairintr N, Adisakwattana S. Inhibitory effect of Clitoria ternatea flower petal extract on fructose-induced protein glycation and oxidation-dependent damages to albumin in vitro. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:27. [PMID: 25887591 PMCID: PMC4337202 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0546-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in body tissue has been implicated in the progression of age-related diseases. Inhibition of AGE formation is the imperative approach for alleviating diabetic complications. Clitoria ternatea extract (CTE) has been demonstrated to possess anti-diabetic activity. However, there is no scientific evidence supporting its anti-glycation activity. The objective of this study was to determine the inhibitory effect of CTE on fructose-induced formation of AGEs and protein oxidation. Antioxidant activity of CTE was also assessed by various methods. METHODS The aqueous extract of CTE (0.25-1.00 mg/ml) was measured for the content of total phenolic compounds, flavonoid, and anthocyanin by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, AlCl3 colorimetric method, and pH differential method, respectively. The various concentrations of CTE were incubated with BSA and fructose at 37°C for 28 days. The formation of fluorescent AGEs, the level of fructosamine, protein carbonyl content, and thiol group were measured. The in vitro antioxidant activity was measured by the 1,1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA), superoxide radical scavenging activity (SRSA), and ferrous ion chelating power (FICP). RESULTS The results demonstrated that the content of total phenolics, flavonoids and total anthocyanins in CTE was 53 ± 0.34 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dried extract, 11.2 ± 0.33 mg catechin equivalents/g dried extract, and 1.46 ± 0.04 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents/g dried extract, respectively. Moreover, CTE (0.25-1.00 mg/ml) significantly inhibited the formation of AGEs in a concentration-dependent manner. CTE also markedly reduced the levels of fructosamine and the oxidation of protein by decreasing protein carbonyl content and preventing free thiol depletion. In the DPPH radical scavenging activity and SRSA, CTE had the IC50 values of 0.47 ± 0.01 mg/ml and 0.58 ± 0.04 mg/ml. Furthermore, the FRAP and TEAC values of CTE were 0.38 ± 0.01 mmol FeSO4 equivalents/mg dried extract and 0.17 ± 0.01 mg trolox equivalents/mg dried extract. However, CTE showed weak scavenging activity on hydroxyl radical and a weak antioxidant iron chelator. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that CTE has strong antiglycation and antioxidant properties and might have therapeutic potentials in the prevention of AGE-mediated diabetic complications.
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Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the effect of prebiotic galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on alloxan-induced diabetes in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Diabetes was induced by administration of alloxan (100 mg/kg) and rats were divided in 4 groups: normal control group (NCG), prebiotic control group (PCG), diabetic control group (DCG) and diabetic prebiotic group (DPG). While PCG and DPG were fed with GOS supplemented (10% w/w) diet, NCG and DCG were administered with basal diet. Rats were sacrificed after 42 d for collection of blood and liver. Faecal samples were collected at the interval of 7 d throughout the study for measurement of lactobacilli and coliform count. Feeding of GOS decreased or delayed the severity of diabetes by amelioration of diabetes associated markers including fasting blood glucose, haemoglobin, glycosylated haemoglobin triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins, creatinine and urea. GOS was also found to improve the levels of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) in liver and blood. Improvement in lactobacilli count along with a concomitant decrease in coliform count was observed in GOS fed groups.
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Ivanović-Matić S, Bogojević D, Martinović V, Petrović A, Jovanović-Stojanov S, Poznanović G, Grigorov I. Catalase inhibition in diabetic rats potentiates DNA damage and apoptotic cell death setting the stage for cardiomyopathy. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:947-59. [PMID: 25298180 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease that has a multifactorial etiology, with oxidative stress as an important component. Our previous observation of a significant diabetes-related increase in rat cardiac catalase (CAT) activity suggested that CAT could play a major role in delaying the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Thus, in the present work, we examined the effects of the daily administration of the CAT inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (1 mg/g), on the hearts of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Administration of CAT inhibitor was started from the 15th day after the last STZ treatment (40 mg/kg/5 days), and maintained until the end of the 4th or 6th weeks of diabetes. Compared to untreated diabetic rats, at the end of the observation period, CAT inhibition lowered the induced level of cardiac CAT activity to the basal level and decreased CAT protein expression, mediated through a decline in the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 /nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (Nrf2/NF-κB p65) subunit ratio. The perturbed antioxidant defenses resulting from CAT inhibition promoted increased H₂O₂production (P < 0.05) and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.05). Generated cytotoxic stimuli increased DNA damage (P < 0.05) and activated pro-apoptotic events, observed as a decrease (P < 0.05) in the ratio of the apoptosis regulator proteins Bcl-2/Bax, increased (P < 0.05) presence of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) 85 kDa apoptotic fragment and cytoplasmic levels of cytochrome C. These findings confirm an important function of CAT in the suppression of events leading to diabetes-promoted cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Ivanović-Matić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia,
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Rani AJ, Mythili SV. Study on total antioxidant status in relation to oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:108-10. [PMID: 24783095 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/7603.4121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus is a condition of increased oxidative stress and requiries antioxidants. The sum of endogenous and food derived antioxidants represents the total antioxidant activity of the system. The cooperation among different antioxidants provides greater protection against damage caused by reactive oxygen species or reactive nitrogen species, than any single compound alone. Thus the overall antioxidant capacity may provide more relevant biological information compared to that obtained by the measurement of individual components, as it considers the cumulative effect of all antioxidants present in plasma and body fluids and hence the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population included healthy volunteers from staff of Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital (SBMC&H) and Type 2 Diabetic patients attending SBMC&H, Chennai, India. Malondialdehyde levels and total antioxidant status of the case and controls was assessed. RESULTS A significant decrease in the total antioxidant status among Diabetic patients and significant increase in their malondialdehyde levels in comparison to healthy controls was observed. CONCLUSION Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a condition in which there is increased oxidative stress as evident by increased Malondialdehyde levels and the condition calls for utilization of antioxidants to combat the oxidants thereby resulting in decreased total antioxidants status.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jamuna Rani
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital , Bharath University,Chromepet, Chennai, India
| | - S V Mythili
- Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital , #7, C.L.C Works Road,,Bharath University, Chromepet, Chennai, India
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Suravajjala S, Cohenford M, Frost LR, Pampati PK, Dain JA. Glycation of human erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase: effect on the physical and kinetic properties. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 421:170-6. [PMID: 23524033 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is a significant antioxidant enzyme that plays a key role in protecting the body from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their toxicity. As a biocatalyst, the enzyme has been shown to reduce hydrogen peroxide to water and lipid hydroperoxides to their respective alcohols. The increased levels of ROS in patients with diabetes have been speculated to arise, in part, from alterations in the activity of glutathione antioxidant enzymes, perhaps, by mechanisms such as the glycation of the protein, in vivo. METHODS Under physiological conditions of temperature and pH, we investigated the susceptibility of human glutathione peroxidase to glycation, determined the effects of glycation on the physical and kinetic properties of the enzyme, and identified the protein's vulnerable amino acid sites of glycation. RESULTS Circular dichroism, UV and mass spectrometry studies revealed that methylglyoxal and DL-glyceraldehyde are potent glycators of glutathione peroxidase; destabilizing its structure, altering its pH activity and stability profiles and increasing its Km value. CONCLUSIONS In comparison to DL-glyceraldehyde, methylglyxol was a more potent glycator of the enzyme and was found to nonenzymatically condense with Arg-177, located near the glutathione binding site of GPx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth Suravajjala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
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Misra BB, Dey S. Evaluation of in vivo anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant potentials of α-santalol and sandalwood oil. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:409-16. [PMID: 23369343 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Sandalwood finds numerous mentions across diverse traditional medicinal systems in use worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vivo anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant potential of sandalwood oil and its major constituent α-santalol. The in vivo anti-hyperglycemic experiment was conducted in alloxan-induced diabetic male Swiss albino mice models. The in vivo antioxidant experiment was performed in d-galactose mediated oxidative stress induced male Swiss albino mice models. Intraperitoneal administration of α-santalol (100mg/kg BW) and sandalwood oil (1g/kg BW) for an week modulated parameters such as body weight, blood glucose, serum bilirubin, liver glycogen, and lipid peroxides contents to normoglycemic levels in the alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Similarly, intraperitoneal administration of α-santalol (100mg/kg BW) and sandalwood oil (1g/kg BW) for two weeks modulated parameters such as serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, superoxide dismutase, catalase, free sulfhydryl, protein carbonyl, nitric oxide, liver lipid peroxide contents, and antioxidant capacity in d-galactose mediated oxidative stress induced mice. Besides, it was observed that the beneficial effects of α-santalol were well complimented, differentially by other constituents present in sandalwood oil, thus indicating synergism in biological activity of this traditionally used bioresource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswapriya B Misra
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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Sabitha V, Ramachandran S, Naveen KR, Panneerselvam K. Investigation of in vivo antioxidant property of Abelmoschus esculentus (L) moench. fruit seed and peel powders in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2013; 3:188-93. [PMID: 23326089 PMCID: PMC3545238 DOI: 10.4103/0975-9476.104432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. fruit is a commonly consumed vegetable in many countries due to its rich medicinal value. However, till date, in vivo antioxidant property of A. esculentus has not been scientifically documented in animal models. Objective: The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the in vivo antioxidant property of A. esculentus (L.) Moench. peel and seed powder (AEPP and AESP) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In rats, acute toxicity assessment of AEPP and AESP at 2 g/kg did not show any toxicity. Diabetes was induced by STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.) injection and diabetic rats received AEPP (100 and 200 mg/kg) as well as AESP (100 and 200 mg/ kg) orally up to 28 days. At the end of the 28 day, diabetic rats were killed and liver, kidney and pancreas were collected to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation level. Results: In diabetic rats, significant (P < 0.001) reduction of liver, kidney and pancreas SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH levels and increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were observed as compared to normal control rats. Administration of both doses of AEPP and AESP significantly (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01) increased liver, kidney and pancreas SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH levels and decreased TBARS (P < 0.001) levels in diabetic rats compared to diabetic control rats. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that A. esculentus peel and seed powder has significant in vivo antioxidant property in diabetic rats.
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Awadallah SM, Ramadan AR, Nusier MK. Haptoglobin polymorphism in relation to antioxidative enzymes activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2013; 7:26-31. [PMID: 23517792 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2013.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidative capacity are common findings in diabetics. This study reports on the status of antioxidative enzymes in relation to haptoglobin (Hp) polymorphism in type 2 diabetes. METHODS The study comprised 165 type 2 diabetic patients and 94 controls. Erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT), and plasmatic ceruloplasmin ferroxidase (Cp) were measured by spectrophotometry and Hp phenotypes were determined by gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Irrespective of Hp phenotype, while the activities of Cp ferroxidase and GPx were significantly higher in patients than in controls, those of SOD were significantly lower. No significant differences observed for CAT. However, significant Hp-phenotype dependent differences were observed between patients and controls regarding the activity of these enzymes. While ferroxidase activity in Hp2-2 patients was significantly higher than that in Hp1-1 or Hp2-1 patients, that of SOD and GPx were significantly lower. When patients were analyzed as a single group, Spearman's univariate analysis has demonstrated that HbA1c positively correlates with ferroxidase activity and negatively correlates with levels of GPx and SOD. However, when patients were treated as separate Hp-dependent groups, similar but stronger correlations between these variable were noted only in the case of Hp2-2 patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that Hp polymorphism has some bearing on the activity of antioxidative enzymes in type 2 diabetes and that Hp2-2 diabetics are under increased oxidative stress as compared with those expressing Hp1-1 or Hp2-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir M Awadallah
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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Kannadhasan R, Venkataraman S. In vitro capacity and in vivo antioxidant potency of sedimental extract of Tinospora cordifolia in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2013; 3:7-24. [PMID: 25050255 PMCID: PMC4075693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of herbs against the free radicals have been put forth recently in combating many diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate the in vitro capacity and in vivo antioxidant properties of sedimental extract of Tinospora cordifolia (SETc). MATERIALS AND METHODS SETc was subjected to in vitro chemical analysis such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide anion radicals scavenging respectively and finally drugs reductive ability in order to elucidate the antioxidant capacity of the test drug before introducing it into the biological membrane. The resulting capacity was evaluated in vivo by analyzing enzymic (SOD, CAT) and non-enzymic (vitamin C & E) antioxidant levels in the homogenized samples of major organs isolated from streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats after 30(th) day of SETc (1000 mg/kg/p.o.) treatment. Finally, the histopathological evaluation was done using cut portion of the respective organs prone to free radical mediated cell destruction with STZ in order to study their micro anatomical changes. RESULTS Chemical analysis with SETc in vitro for its IC50 proves a key evident for its total antioxidant capacity of around 2046 times, in 1000 mg/kg of fixed dose per oral for in vivo analysis. In contrast to the above, the lipid peroxide levels and in vivo enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant levels were found to possess most significant difference (p<0.001) and moderate difference (p<0.01) with diabetic non-treated animals which was an supporting contribution for those in vitro parameters studied and have proved that SETc (1000 mg/kg/p.o.) was a potent drug to elevate the antioxidants levels and further healing of damaged organs as compared with that of diabetic and standard drug treated groups. CONCLUSIONS Finally, it was concluded that, the presence of antioxidant potentials in SETc was about 2046 time as an effective scavenger of free radicals in vitro and as a potent healer in ameliorating many signs of tissue damages in vivo in long term complicated diseases such as diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Kannadhasan
- Research Associate, Dr.C.L.Baid Metha Foundation for Education and Research, Thoraipakkam, Chennai-600 097, Tamil nadu, India,Corresponding Author: Tel: +919941257395
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Mathew E, Barletta MA, Lau-Cam CA. The Effects of Taurine and Thiotaurine on Oxidative Stress in the Aorta and Heart of Diabetic Rats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 775:345-69. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Tsai CJ, Hsieh CJ, Tung SC, Kuo MC, Shen FC. Acute blood glucose fluctuations can decrease blood glutathione and adiponectin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012; 98:257-63. [PMID: 23084042 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glutathione appears to have apparent antioxidant activity to counter regulate hyperglycemia induced oxidative stress. Adiponectin also plays a role in the suppression of the metabolic derangements in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to determine whether blood glucose fluctuations can alter blood levels of glutathione and adiponectin. METHODS We enrolled 34 patients with type 2 DM. As a measure of short-term glycemic variability, the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) was computed from a continuous glucose monitor system (CGMS), and data were recorded over 72 h. For long-term glycemic variability, we calculated the standard deviation (SD) of HbA1c over a 2-year period. Glutathione and adiponectin levels were measured after completing the 72-h CGMS data collection. RESULTS The blood levels of glutathione were significantly and negatively correlated with MAGE (r = -0.543; P < 0.001), but not with HbA1c and SD of HbA1c. Adiponectin levels were also significantly and negatively correlated with MAGE and SD of HbA1c (r = -0.64 and r = -0.55, respectively; P < 0.001). Using generalized estimating equations, multivariate regression analysis revealed that MAGE is an independent predictor of serum levels of adiponectin (P = 0.002) and glutathione (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS We found strong associations between acute blood glucose variability, glutathione, and adiponectin in type 2 diabetic patients treated with oral hypoglycemic agent therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jen Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Martinović V, Grigorov I, Bogojević D, Petrović A, Jovanović S, Ilić M, Ivanović Matić S. Activation level of JNK and Akt/ERK signaling pathways determinates extent of DNA damage in the liver of diabetic rats. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 30:723-34. [PMID: 22854746 DOI: 10.1159/000341452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes-related oxidative stress conditions lead to progressive tissue damage and disfunctionality. Mechanisms underlying liver pathophysiology during diabetes are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to find relationship between diabetes-related DNA damage in the rat liver and activities of prosurvival signaling pathways. METHODS Effect of diabetes was analyzed two (development stage) and eight weeks (stable diabetes) after single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Extent of DNA damage, analysed by comet assay, was corelated with oxidative status (plasma level of ROS, liver antioxidant capacity) and activity/abundance of kinases (Akt, p38, ERK1, JNK, JAK) and transcription factors NF-κB p65 and STAT3. RESULTS Significant DNA damage in development stage is accompanied by elevated plasma levels of O(2)(-) and H(2)O(2), decreased activities of CAT, MnSOD, and GST in the liver and increased activation of proapoptotic JNK signal pathway. Lower DNA damage in stable diabetes, is accompanied by elevated plasma level of O(2)(-), restored antioxidative liver enzyme activity, decreased activation of JNK and increased activation of prosurvival Akt and ERK signal pathways. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that level of DNA damage in diabetic liver depends on the extent of oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and balance between JNK and Akt/ERK signal pathways activation .
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Martinović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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WRESDIYATI TUTIK, SINULINGGA TEGUHSURANTA, ZULFANEDI YOLI. Effect of Mamordica charantia L. Powder on Antioxidant Superoxide Dismutase in Liver and Kidney of Diabetic Rats. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2010. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.17.2.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Nishigaki I, Rajkapoor B, Rajendran P, Venugopal R, Ekambaram G, Sakthisekaran D, Nishigaki Y. Effect of fresh apple extract on glycated protein/iron chelate-induced toxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cellsin vitro. Nat Prod Res 2010; 24:599-609. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410802417065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Qi XY, Chen WJ, Zhang LQ, Xie BJ. Mogrosides extract from Siraitia grosvenori scavenges free radicals in vitro and lowers oxidative stress, serum glucose, and lipid levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Nutr Res 2008; 28:278-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2007] [Revised: 12/25/2007] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Akalin FA, Işiksal E, Baltacioğlu E, Renda N, Karabulut E. Superoxide dismutase activity in gingiva in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with chronic periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2008; 53:44-52. [PMID: 17880913 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2007.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Revised: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antioxidant defence reduces in diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis. This study investigates antioxidant enzyme; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in gingiva and blood glucose and lipid levels in type-2 DM patients and systemically healthy individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Periodontal parameters, blood glycated-haemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose and lipid levels, and gingival-SOD activities (spectrophotometric assay) were measured in 17 DM patients with CP (DMCP), 17 systemically healthy CP patients, 18 periodontally healthy DM patients (DMPH), and 17 healthy controls (PH). RESULTS Periodontal parameters were higher in periodontitis groups than the controls (p<0.05), while there was no difference between the periodontitis groups and between the control groups. HbA1c, glucose, and triglyceride levels were higher in diabetic groups than the non-diabetic groups (p<0.05). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-LDL and cholesterol values of the DMCP group did not significantly differ from the CP group. No differences existed between diabetic patients with and without periodontitis in HbA1c, glucose, and lipid levels and the same was true for non-diabetic patients with and without periodontitis. Gingival-SOD activity was lower in periodontitis groups than the matched control groups (p<0.05). DMPH group had the highest and CP group had the lowest SOD levels. There were correlations between periodontal parameters, gingival-SOD activity, HbA1c, glucose and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. CONCLUSION The results suggest that gingival-SOD activity increases in diabetes and decreases in periodontitis and relations may exist between gingival-SOD activity, periodontal status, HbA1c, glucose and HDL levels. The higher gingival-SOD activity in diabetes may be attributed to an adaptive mechanism in the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferda Alev Akalin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Balasubram R, Ramachandr V, Dhanapal S, Hao Qian Z, Nishigaki I. Protective Effect of Phyllanthus polyphyllus on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells against Glycated Protein-Iron Chelate Induced Toxicity. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2007.961.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Marjani A, . AM, . MS. Plasma Lipid Peroxidation Zinc and Erythrocyte Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme Activity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Gorgan City (South East of the Caspian Sea). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2007.585.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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