1
|
Chen K, Nie C, Zhu Y, Lyu F, Jiang J, Zheng C. Altered central pain processing in patients with degenerative lumbar diseases and its association with low physical activity levels after lumbar spinal surgeries: a retrospective cohort analysis. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 33:543-552. [PMID: 38228878 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-08112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the occurrence of altered central pain modulation in patients with degenerative lumbar diseases (DLDs) and to analyze its association with physical activity (PA) 3 years after lumbar decompression and fusion. METHODS Preoperative assessments of pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), temporal summation (TS), conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and pain were, respectively, recorded in 304 patients. These patients further underwent International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and both pain-related and psychological assessments 3 years post-operation. RESULTS Preoperatively, the patients had lower PPTs in both local pain and pain-free areas and lower CPM and higher TS in pain-free areas than healthy subjects (P < 0.05). Postoperatively, 53.9% (164/304) patients showed PA below healthy-related thresholds (< 600 MET min/w). Low PA group showed a greater postoperative weight gain and bone loss and a higher postoperative prevalence of both moderate anxiety and marginal depression than high PA group (P < 0.05). All covariates with differences between the high and low PA groups were subjected to multivariate logistic regression, and long preoperative disease duration, low preoperative PPT in pain-free area, high preoperative TS, revision surgery, severe postoperative low back pain and significant postoperative pain catastrophizing thought were independently associated with low postoperative PA (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the existence of central sensitization (CS) caused by abnormal central pain modulation in DLDs. Pre-existing CS in these patients may be associated with low PA after lumbar surgeries, and this low-activity lifestyle may predispose patients to multiple adverse health outcomes. Preoperative dynamic quantitative sensory testing may provide information for the identification of at-risk patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Mid-Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Cong Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Mid-Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York at Syracuse, Syracuse, NY, 10212, USA
| | - Feizhou Lyu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Mid-Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianyuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Mid-Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chaojun Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Mid-Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Raina J, Firdous A, Singh G, Kumar R, Kaur C. Role of polyphenols in the management of diabetic complications. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155155. [PMID: 37922790 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus is an endocrine disorder that will affect, about 693 million adults by 2045 worldwide, (>50% increase from 2017). The conventional treatment of the disease, include the oral hypoglycemic drugs which are given in combination with other drugs and are known to possess various adverse effects like gastrointestinal disturbance, nausea, water retention etc. PURPOSE: Due to the urgent need of combating this disorder without side effects, the alternative and complementary therapies should be explored due to their natural origins and comparable safety. Herbal sources serve as new leads, due to the presence of phytoconstituents with potential therapeutic properties, efficacy and safety. In this review, we tried to summarise the polyphenolic phytoconstituents effective in the treatment of diabetic complications. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using 4 databases (Google scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, Embase) for the identification of relevant data. Search was performed using various key words such as "diabetes", "polyphenols", "marine sources","anti-diabetic polyphenols". The in vitro studies involving the cell lines used in diabetes and animal models were also considered for inclusion. Additional research papers were identified by reviewing abstracts, scrutinizing reference lists, and reviewing previously published review articles. RESULTS Polyphenols, a group of phytoconstituents are known worldwide for their tremendous antioxidant potential. So, various research groups have explored their mechanism and therapeutic value in diabetic complications, to improve the insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, in controlling the glycemic conditions. CONCLUSION Polyphenols exhibit effective therapeutic potential in managing diabetic complications through their multifaceted mechanism of action. They exhibit antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycemic properties, which collectively contribute to their beneficial effects in mitigating diabetic complications. Thus, the inclusion of polyphenols into the diet, may be cosidered as an approach of managing diabetes on long term basis. In this review, we have tried to identify polyphenols effective in diabetes and summarize their mechanism of action along with their potential, for the treatment of diabetic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeevika Raina
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | | | - Gurvinder Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Charanjit Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jakobsson M, Hagströmer M, Lotzke H, von Rosen P, Lundberg M. Fear of movement was associated with sedentary behaviour 12 months after lumbar fusion surgery in patients with low back pain and degenerative disc disorder. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:874. [PMID: 37950235 PMCID: PMC10636920 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06980-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Movement behaviours, such as sedentary behaviour (SB) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), are linked with multiple aspects of health and can be influenced by various pain-related psychological factors, such as fear of movement, pain catastrophising and self-efficacy for exercise. However, the relationships between these factors and postoperative SB and MVPA remain unclear in patients undergoing surgery for lumbar degenerative conditions. This study aimed to investigate the association between preoperative pain-related psychological factors and postoperative SB and MVPA in patients with low back pain (LBP) and degenerative disc disorder at 6 and 12 months after lumbar fusion surgery. METHODS Secondary data were collected from 118 patients (63 women and 55 men; mean age 46 years) who underwent lumbar fusion surgery in a randomised controlled trial. SB and MVPA were measured using the triaxial accelerometer ActiGraph GT3X+. Fear of movement, pain catastrophising and self-efficacy for exercise served as predictors. The association between these factors and the relative time spent in SB and MVPA 6 and 12 months after surgery was analysed via linear regression models, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Preoperative fear of movement was significantly associated with relative time spent in SB at 6 and 12 months after surgery (β = 0.013, 95% confidence interval = 0.004 to 0.022, p = 0.007). Neither pain catastrophising nor self-efficacy for exercise showed significant associations with relative time spent in SB and MVPA at these time points. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that preoperative fear of movement was significantly associated with postoperative SB in patients with LBP and degenerative disc disorder. This finding underscores the potential benefits of preoperative screening for pain-related psychological factors, including fear of movement, preoperatively. Such screenings could aid in identifying patients who might benefit from targeted interventions to promote healthier postoperative movement behaviour and improved health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Jakobsson
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Hagströmer
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Back in Motion Research group, Department of Health Promoting Science, Sophiahemmet University, Box 5605, Stockholm, SE, 11486, Sweden
| | - Hanna Lotzke
- Department of Rehabilitation, Ängelholm Hospital, Ängelholm, Sweden
| | - Philip von Rosen
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mari Lundberg
- The Back in Motion Research group, Department of Health Promoting Science, Sophiahemmet University, Box 5605, Stockholm, SE, 11486, Sweden.
- Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen K, Gao T, Yang S, Zhu Y, Lyu F, Jiang J, Xia X, Zheng C. Changes in Self-Esteem in Patients with Hirayama Disease and its Association with Prognosis After Anterior Cervical Fusion Procedures. World Neurosurg 2023; 178:e802-e818. [PMID: 37572833 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify self-esteem in patients with Hirayama disease (HD) and investigate the impact of this psychosocial factor on surgical outcomes in HD. METHODS The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) was measured in 58 patients with HD before anterior cervical fusion. These patients further underwent motor unit number estimation, handgrip strength, disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Index (BDI) before and 18 months after operation. Furthermore, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was administered to all patients at postoperative 18-month assessments. RESULTS Compared with the general population, patients with HD showed a relatively lower RSES, and RSES was negatively associated with both postoperative DASH (r = -0.431, P < 0.05) and preoperative to postoperative changes (r = -0.295, P < 0.05) and positively associated with IPAQ (r = 0.472, P < 0.05). Similar to the difference in postoperative DASH scores, more patients with low self-esteem felt postoperative aggravated motor dysfunction than those with high/normal self-esteem (P < 0.05). Postoperative BDI exerted a partial mediating effect on the relationship between RSES and DASH scores (B = -0.30, P < 0.05), and postoperative BAI played a partial mediating effect on the relationship between RSES and IPAQ scores (B = 0.30, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The self-esteem of HD patients may be below the population norms. Importantly, relatively low self-esteem in HD patients may cause/worsen postoperative depression and anxiety, thereby resulting in poor self-reported surgical prognosis and an inactive lifestyle after operation. Therefore, perioperative treatment and rehabilitation efforts in HD patients, especially those with low self-esteem, should account for both physiological and psychological symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York at Syracuse, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Feizhou Lyu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinlei Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaojun Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kang S, Lee J, Kim Y. Application of the Transtheoretical Model to Identify Physical Activity-Related Psychological Variables in Disabled Adults. THE ASIAN JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2022.24.3.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed at identifying the theoretical relation of the transtheoretical model (TTM) to explain physical activity in Korean adults with physical disabilities.METHODS A total of 194 participants ( Age Mean = 48.65 years) were voluntarily recruited for this study. Dissemination sources for participant recruitment included: (a) a press release issued through the authors’ university; (b) recruitment flyers posted on various websites (e.g., Independent Living Centers, Rehabilitation Research and Training Centers, Veteran’s Administration Hospitals); and (c) announcements made through and in conjunction with the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Health and Wellness consortium members. Through these procedures, 194 adults (80.83%) completed the survey form; there were 113 males (58.3%) and 81 females (41.7%). The remaining 46 (19.17%) were excluded because they did not complete the survey form or return.RESULTS Results indicated that the TTM constructs assessed were significantly (P < 0.001) associated with the stages of change for physical activity. The largest portion of variance was derived from the behavioral processes of change (ƞ2 = .40), followed by self-efficacy (ƞ2 = .30), the pros for exercise (ƞ2 = .19), the cognitive processes of change and the cons for exercise (ƞ2 = .16, respectively). Moreover, four discriminant functions (i.e., composite scores of the predictors) were produced in the first DDF analysis. These accounted for 71.0% (Wilks’ Λ = .31, χ2 [56] = 368.04, P < .001), 20.9% (Wilks’ Λ = .66, χ2 [39] = 129.91, P < 0.001), 6.3% (Wilks’ Λ = .88, χ2 [24] = 39.39, P < 0.05), and 1.8% (Wilks’ Λ = .97, χ2 [11] = 9.04, P = .62), respectively, of the between-group (stage of change) variability.CONCLUSIONS The results provide further cross-sectional support for the internal validity of the transtheoretical model, as the processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance were important variables of a stage of change for physical activity, Additionally, the study is in general agreement with existing evidence among nondisabled populations and, therefore, it supports the external validation of TTM to a unique and understudied population segment.
Collapse
|
6
|
Chulvi-Medrano I, Thomas E, Padua E. Physical Exercise for Health and Performance Post-Pandemic COVID-19 Era, a Renewed Emphasis on Public Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116475. [PMID: 35682061 PMCID: PMC9180432 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
After the period of forced quarantine due to the COVID-19 epidemic, the physiological principle of detraining became more evident than ever [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iván Chulvi-Medrano
- Sport Performance and Physical Fitness Research Group (UIRFIDE), Department of Physical and Sports Education, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewan Thomas
- Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Elvira Padua
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pettit-Mee RJ, Power G, Cabral-Amador FJ, Ramirez-Perez FI, Nogueira Soares R, Sharma N, Liu Y, Christou DD, Kanaley JA, Martinez-Lemus LA, Manrique-Acevedo CM, Padilla J. Endothelial HSP72 is not reduced in type 2 diabetes nor is it a key determinant of endothelial insulin sensitivity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R43-R58. [PMID: 35470695 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00006.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Impaired endothelial insulin signaling and consequent blunting of insulin-induced vasodilation is a feature of type 2 diabetes (T2D) that contributes to vascular disease and glycemic dysregulation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial insulin resistance remain poorly known. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that endothelial insulin resistance in T2D is attributed to reduced expression of heat shock protein 72(HSP72). HSP72 is a cytoprotective chaperone protein that can be upregulated with heating and is reported to promote insulin sensitivity in metabolically active tissues, in part via inhibition of JNK activity. Accordingly, we further hypothesized that, in T2D individuals, seven days of passive heat treatment via hot water immersion to waist-level would improve leg blood flow responses to an oral glucose load (i.e., endogenous insulin stimulation) via induction of endothelial HSP72. In contrast, we found that: 1) endothelial insulin resistance in T2D mice and humans was not associated with reduced HSP72 in aortas and venous endothelial cells, respectively; 2) after passive heat treatment, improved leg blood flow responses to an oral glucose load did not parallel with increased endothelial HSP72; 3) downregulation of HSP72 (via small-interfering RNA) or upregulation of HSP72 (via heating) in cultured endothelial cells did not impair or enhance insulin signaling, respectively, nor was JNK activity altered. Collectively, these findings do not support the hypothesis that reduced HSP72 is a key driver of endothelial insulin resistance in T2D but provide novel evidence that lower-body heating may be an effective strategy for improving leg blood flow responses to glucose ingestion-induced hyperinsulinemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Pettit-Mee
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Gavin Power
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | | | | | | | - Neekun Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Demetra D Christou
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jill A Kanaley
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Camila M Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Research Services, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Palomo-Osuna J, de Sola H, Dueñas M, Moral-Munoz JA, Failde I. Cognitive function in diabetic persons with peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Neurother 2022; 22:269-281. [PMID: 35232335 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2022.2048649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to improve our knowledge of cognitive function in individuals with type 1 (T1DM) or type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus and with peripheral diabetic neuropathy (DPN). METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed of publications included in PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo and Web of Science databases until November 2021. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with reference number: CRD42021229163. RESULTS A total of 832 articles were identified, 19 of which were selected. The presence of DPN was associated with global cognitive impairment in the T1DM persons in two studies (p=0.046; p=0.03) and T2DM persons in four (p<0.001; p<0.02; p=0.011; p=<0.05). Differences in specific dimensions - memory, attention, and psychomotor speed - were found in both kinds of diabetes. The meta-analysis showed that the individuals with T2DM and DPN presented a lower mean cognitive performance than those without DPN (-1.0448; 95% CI: -1.93%; -0.16%). Depression was associated with impaired cognitive function in these diabetic persons (p<0.01). CONCLUSION The review reveals the great variability in instruments and methodologies, while providing results that support the presence of both global and domain-specific cognitive impairment in diabetic persons with DPN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Palomo-Osuna
- The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - Helena de Sola
- The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - María Dueñas
- The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Moral-Munoz
- The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Failde
- The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cádiz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
He Q, Agu EO. Context-Aware Probabilistic Models for Predicting Future Sedentary Behaviors of Smartphone Users. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS RESEARCH 2021; 6:112-152. [PMID: 35419513 PMCID: PMC8982751 DOI: 10.1007/s41666-021-00107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behaviors are now prevalent as most modern jobs are done while seated. However, such sedentary behaviors have been found to increase the risk of several ailments including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Current interventions are mostly reactive and are triggered after the user has already been sedentary. Behavior change theory suggests that preventive sedentary interventions, which are triggered before a person becomes sedentary, are more likely to succeed. In this paper, we characterize user patterns of sedentary behaviors by analyzing smartphone-sensor data in a real-world dataset. Our work reveals location types (where), times of day/week (when), and smartphone contexts in which sedentary behaviors are most likely. Leveraging our findings, we then propose a set of context-aware probabilistic models that can predict sedentary behaviors in advance by analyzing smartphone sensor data. Our Context-Aware Predictive (CAP) models leverage smartphone-sensed contextual variables and the user's history of sedentary behaviors to predict their future sedentary behaviors. We rigorously analyze the performance of our models and discuss the implications of our work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian He
- Fitbit, Google LLC, 199 Fremont Street, Floor 14, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA
| | - Emmanuel O. Agu
- Department of Computer Science, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Der Muskulatur mehr Aufmerksamkeit schenken! MANUELLE MEDIZIN 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00337-021-00821-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
Shawahna R, Batta A, Asa'ad M, Jomaah M, Abdelhaq I. Exercise as a complementary medicine intervention in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review with narrative and qualitative synthesis of evidence. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:273-286. [PMID: 33482523 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing public health issue. This systematic review aimed to narrate and qualitatively synthesize evidence and recommendations of physical activity/exercise for patients with T2DM. METHODS The databases Medline through Pubmed, Cochrane, and Scopus were systematically searched from inception to February 08, 2020 using MeSH terms related to "diabetes mellitus" and "physical activity/exercise". Studies were included if they reported on the roles of physical activity/exercise in managing patients with T2DM or effects of physical activity/exercise on glycemic control. Documents identified through the search were analyzed and evidence and recommendations were synthesized qualitatively. RESULTS Data were extracted from 16 original articles and 11 systematic reviews with meta-analyses. A qualitative summary of evidence included general items (n = 6) and recommendations for physical activity/exercise (n = 12). Physical activity/exercise can reduce incidence of T2DM, hyperinsulinemia, fasting plasma/blood glucose, HbA1c, body fats, cholesterol, blood pressure, heart rate, cardiovascular risk, and dosage of antidiabetic medications. Physical activity/exercise can improve sensitivity to insulin, muscle strength, oxygen consumption, aerobic capacity, and mental health of patients with T2DM. CONCLUSION Despite the increasing interest in incorporating physical activity/exercise in the management of T2DM and improving healthcare delivery, there are still limited clear instructions and guidelines for both the patient and the healthcare provider.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine; An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Ahmad Batta
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mahmoud Asa'ad
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Marwan Jomaah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Imad Abdelhaq
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Teachers' Training, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Menhas R, Dai J, Ashraf MA, M Noman S, Khurshid S, Mahmood S, Weng Y, Ahmad Laar R, Sang X, Kamran M, Shahzad B, Iqbal W. Physical Inactivity, Non-Communicable Diseases and National Fitness Plan of China for Physical Activity. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:2319-2331. [PMID: 34113188 PMCID: PMC8184286 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s258660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China has the world's largest population, going under health transition due to industrialization, urbanization, and a sedentary lifestyle. About 82% of China's disease burden is due to the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Physical activity (active travel) is the best preventive measure against NCDs. The Chinese government has introduced several steps to improve national fitness and overcome NCDs among the aging population. Exercise and sports play a vital role in promoting physical activity and helpful in accomplishing the national fitness level for Healthy China under the national fitness plan (NFP). OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to explore the role of national fitness plan (NFP) in promoting physical activity and health well-being preventing NCDs under built environment intervention. METHODS The study was exploratory, and the mixed-method approach was used to analyze the primary and secondary data. Quantitative content analysis was used to analyze the collected data. A purposive sampling technique was used to collect the primary data from those individuals rich in knowledge about the National Fitness Plan (NFP) of China and its role in promoting physical activity for physical fitness. RESULTS The majority of the participants (32.0%) said that the national fitness plan helps promote sports environment and health. About 28.0% reported that NFP helps promote cycling and walk environments for physical activity and health promotion and preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). CONCLUSION Participation in physical exercise and sports is the preferred approach to prevent different diseases. In the context of rising active living among the Chinese people, the facilities such as built environment and green parks under the national fitness plan (NFP) for sports play a crucial role in the mitigation of NCDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Menhas
- Research Center of Sports Social Sciences, School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Dai
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Azeem Ashraf
- Research Institute of Educational Science, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Muhammad Azeem Ashraf Research Institute of Educational Science, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People’s Republic of China Email
| | - Sohail M Noman
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sumaira Khurshid
- School of Education and Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China, 641112
| | - Sajid Mahmood
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21120, Pakistan
| | - Yu Weng
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rizwan Ahmad Laar
- School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuehui Sang
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- NRSP Microfinance Bank Shorkot City Branch, Shorkot, 35050, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Babar Shahzad
- School of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Waseem Iqbal
- School of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dai J, Menhas R. Sustainable Development Goals, Sports and Physical Activity: The Localization of Health-Related Sustainable Development Goals Through Sports in China: A Narrative Review. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2020; 13:1419-1430. [PMID: 32943959 PMCID: PMC7478917 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s257844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sport has been recognized as an essential tool for the implementation of the SDGs by The Agenda 2030 for sustainable development. The Chinese government has launched a Healthy China 2030 plan in response to the health-related SDGs. The Chinese government has introduced different kinds of measures under Healthy China 2030 plan to achieve health-related SDGs through sport and physical activity. The Healthy China program is compatible with SDGs regarding health, sport, and physical activity. After introducing the program with sustainable built environment intervention for sport and physical activity, the elderly population of China is participating in sport and physical activity to improve the national fitness level and prevent NCDs. Sport is playing a vital role in preventing NCDs in the shape of increasing physical activity among the Chinese people. Sports and physical activity play a crucial role in the implementation of health-related SDGs and further help in the achievement of “Healthy China” 2030 goal. China’s localization policies for the realization of SDGs have a global impact through glocalization in the BRI participant’s countries and supporting them to make their public health system secure and promoting global health governance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Dai
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rashid Menhas
- Research Center of Sport Social Sciences, School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Park LK, Parks EJ, Pettit-Mee RJ, Woodford ML, Ghiarone T, Smith JA, Sales ARK, Martinez-Lemus LA, Manrique-Acevedo C, Padilla J. Skeletal muscle microvascular insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes is not improved by eight weeks of regular walking. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 129:283-296. [PMID: 32614687 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00174.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine whether individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) exhibit suppressed leg vascular conductance and skeletal muscle capillary perfusion in response to a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and to test whether these two variables are positively correlated. Subsequently, we examined whether T2D-associated skeletal muscle microvascular insulin resistance, as well as overall vascular dysfunction, would be ameliorated by an 8-wk walking intervention (45 min at 60% of heart rate reserve, 5 sessions/week). We report that, relative to healthy subjects, overweight and obese individuals with T2D exhibit depressed insulin-stimulated increases in leg vascular conductance, skeletal muscle capillary perfusion, and Akt phosphorylation. Notably, we found that within individuals with T2D, those with lesser increases in leg vascular conductance in response to insulin exhibited the lowest increases in muscle capillary perfusion, suggesting that limited muscle capillary perfusion may be, in part, linked to the impaired ability of the upstream resistance vessels to dilate in response to insulin. Furthermore, we show that the 8-wk walking intervention, which did not evoke weight loss, was insufficient to ameliorate skeletal muscle microvascular insulin resistance in previously sedentary, overweight/obese subjects with T2D, despite high adherence and tolerance. However, the walking intervention did improve (P < 0.05) popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation (+4.52%) and reduced HbA1c (-0.75%). It is possible that physical activity interventions that are longer in duration, engage large muscle groups with recruitment of the maximum number of muscle fibers, and lead to a robust reduction in metabolic risk factors may be required to overhaul microvascular insulin resistance in T2D.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This report provides evidence that in sedentary subjects with type 2 diabetes diminished insulin-stimulated increases in leg vascular conductance and ensuing blunted capillary perfusion in skeletal muscle are not restorable by increased walking alone. More innovative physical activity interventions that ultimately result in a robust mitigation of metabolic risk factors may be vital for reestablishing skeletal muscle microvascular insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Park
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth J Parks
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ryan J Pettit-Mee
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Makenzie L Woodford
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Thaysa Ghiarone
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - James A Smith
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Allan R K Sales
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Research Services, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mancuso CA, Rigaud MC, Wellington B, Duculan R, Cammisa FP, Sama AA, Hughes AP, Girardi FP. Qualitative assessment of patients' perspectives and willingness to improve healthy lifestyle physical activity after lumbar surgery. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2020; 30:200-207. [PMID: 32562080 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-020-06508-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many patients retain sedentary lifestyles after lumbar surgery and incur increased risks of adverse health outcomes. The goal of this study was to assess patients' perspectives about postoperative physical activity. METHODS During routine post-lumbar surgery visits in a tertiary care center, 260 patients were asked open-ended questions about their spine and physical activity. Three investigators reviewed responses and determined themed categories. Patients also completed surveys measuring disability, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and fear-avoidance of physical activity. Surgical complexity was assigned based on operative features. RESULTS Mean age was 63, and 53% were men. Thirty-nine percent thought walking was good for the spine, particularly among those with less fear-avoidance, less disability, and less complex surgery. Spine benefits were cited (42%) for the short-term ("faster recovery") and long-term ("decreases chances of another surgery"), particularly by younger patients. To increase activity, patients suggested spine-specific techniques (35%, "use railings") and advised caution (24%, "pace yourself"). The major deterrent was persistent back pain (36%) particularly for those with worse disability, and more depressive symptoms, anxiety, complex surgery, and fear-avoidance. Our findings consistently fit with the Social Cognitive Theory of health behavior which posits a dynamic three-way interaction of personal factors, environmental influences, and behavior. CONCLUSIONS Patients acknowledge short- and long-term benefits of physical activity for their spine and overall health; however, many are deterred from increasing activity by spine-related concerns. Interventions to improve physical activity should foster self-efficacy and self-direction and should be reinforced by members of the spine care team who are knowledgeable about prudent activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Mancuso
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Manuela C Rigaud
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bay Wellington
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roland Duculan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank P Cammisa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew A Sama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander P Hughes
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Federico P Girardi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ravalli S, Musumeci G. Coronavirus Outbreak in Italy: Physiological Benefits of Home-Based Exercise During Pandemic. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2020; 5:jfmk5020031. [PMID: 33467247 PMCID: PMC7739427 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk5020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has forced the hardest-hit populations, like Italians, to radically change their daily habits, starting with social distancing, strict preventive measures, and self-isolation. These precautions also apply to sport-related facilities and activities. The difficulty to practice physical activity during this dramatic moment in time adds to the risks associated with sedentary habits, due to staying all the time at home. Here, the importance and the benefits of maintaining exercise routine, even at home, are emphasized in order to avoid the consequences of inactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravalli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human, Histology and Movement Science Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human, Histology and Movement Science Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-378-2043
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The Cardiac Rehabilitation Model Improves Fitness, Quality of Life, and Depression in Breast Cancer Survivors. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2019; 38:246-252. [PMID: 28525464 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exercise is a demonstrated, therapeutic strategy for cancer survivors to minimize many treatment-induced side effects and may decrease risk of recurrence. Nonetheless, structured programs that combine exercise and education are not yet standardized within cancer care. The Health, Exercise, Active Living, Therapeutic lifestyle (HEALTh) program is a clinical exercise program based on the established cardiac rehabilitation model, but customized for female breast cancer survivors. This study assessed the effects of a cardiac rehabilitation program on cardiorespiratory fitness, quality of life, and depressive symptoms in breast cancer survivors. METHODS Charts were reviewed to evaluate the cardiac rehabilitation model. The program consisted of 1 weekly supervised session for 22 group sessions. Each patient was provided with personalized aerobic and resistance exercises plus 12 group educational sessions to encourage behavioral adoption to a healthy lifestyle. Cardiorespiratory fitness (direct (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2peak), quality of life (Short Form-36 Health Status [SF-36] and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast [FACT-B]), and depression (Centre of Epidemiological Studies Depression [CES-D]) were assessed at baseline and after program completion. RESULTS Two hundred seventy-four files were accessed with 152 eligible files analyzed. Baseline cardiorespiratory fitness and quality-of-life values were below population norms. Program adherence was 66.6%. Cardiorespiratory fitness improved by 14% (21 ± 6 to 24 ± 7 mL/kg/min, P < .001), with significant improvements in quality of life (P < .001) and depression scores (P = .019). Bodily pain was the only domain not significantly affected (P = .311). CONCLUSION The cardiac rehabilitation model improved physical and mental health in breast cancer survivors. These results provide support for the collaborative effort between cardiology and oncology to improve patient care across the cancer care continuum.
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Evidence of the central value of physical exercise in human health is rampant, yet the fundamental underlying explanation of this universal benefit evades comprehension. The first principles of this underlying effect are found within the laws of thermodynamics and are explicitly outlined within the metabolic field (Schrodinger) as presented herein. To understand the basic mechanism responsible for the universal positive benefits of exercise mandates that the first principle of energy flow be enunciated. "On the dry bones of atoms and the distribution of energy in the universe are assembled the flesh and blood of life" (Prigogine, 1984). The engine of metabolism requires the ready provision of the primal energy first evidenced at the Big Bang as described in The Big Picture.
Collapse
|
20
|
Damiot A, Demangel R, Noone J, Chery I, Zahariev A, Normand S, Brioche T, Crampes F, de Glisezinski I, Lefai E, Bareille MP, Chopard A, Drai J, Collin-Chavagnac D, Heer M, Gauquelin-Koch G, Prost M, Simon P, Py G, Blanc S, Simon C, Bergouignan A, O'Gorman DJ. A nutrient cocktail prevents lipid metabolism alterations induced by 20 days of daily steps reduction and fructose overfeeding: result from a randomized study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 126:88-101. [PMID: 30284519 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00018.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors are independent risk factors for numerous diseases. We examined the ability of a nutrient cocktail composed of polyphenols, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin E, and selenium to prevent the expected metabolic alterations induced by physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors. Healthy trained men ( n = 20) (averaging ∼14,000 steps/day and engaged in sports) were randomly divided into a control group (no supplementation) and a cocktail group for a 20-day free-living intervention during which they stopped exercise and decreased their daily steps (averaging ∼3,000 steps/day). During the last 10 days, metabolic changes were further triggered by fructose overfeeding. On days 0, 10, and 20, body composition (dual energy X-ray), blood chemistry, glucose tolerance [oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)], and substrate oxidation (indirect calorimetry) were measured. OGTT included 1% fructose labeled with (U-13C) fructose to assess liver de novo lipogenesis. Histological changes and related cellular markers were assessed from muscle biopsies collected on days 0 and 20. While the cocktail did not prevent the decrease in insulin sensitivity and its muscular correlates induced by the intervention, it fully prevented the hypertriglyceridemia, the drop in fasting HDL and total fat oxidation, and the increase in de novo lipogenesis. The cocktail further prevented the decrease in the type-IIa muscle fiber cross-sectional area and was associated with lower protein ubiquitination content. The circulating antioxidant capacity was improved by the cocktail following the OGTT. In conclusion, a cocktail of nutrient compounds from dietary origin protects against the alterations in lipid metabolism induced by physical inactivity and fructose overfeeding. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to test the efficacy of a novel dietary nutrient cocktail on the metabolic and physiological changes occurring during 20 days of physical inactivity along with fructose overfeeding. The main findings of this study are that 1) reduction in daily steps leads to decreased insulin sensitivity and total fat oxidation, resulting in hyperlipemia and increased de novo lipogenesis and 2) a cocktail supplement prevents the alterations on lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Damiot
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien UMR 7178, Strasbourg , France
| | - Rémi Demangel
- Université de Montpellier, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 34060, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier , France
| | - John Noone
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology and School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Isabelle Chery
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien UMR 7178, Strasbourg , France
| | - Alexandre Zahariev
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien UMR 7178, Strasbourg , France
| | - Sylvie Normand
- CARMEN, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1060/University of Lyon 1/INRA U1235 Lyon , France
| | - Thomas Brioche
- Université de Montpellier, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 34060, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier , France
| | - François Crampes
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, UMR 1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases , Toulouse , France.,Paul Sabatier University , Toulouse , France
| | - Isabelle de Glisezinski
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, UMR1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases and University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University and Toulouse University Hospitals, Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Sports Medicine , Toulouse , France
| | - Etienne Lefai
- CARMEN, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1060/University of Lyon 1/INRA U1235 Lyon , France
| | | | - Angèle Chopard
- Université de Montpellier, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 34060, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier , France
| | - Jocelyne Drai
- CARMEN, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1060/University of Lyon 1/INRA U1235 Lyon , France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Delphine Collin-Chavagnac
- CARMEN, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1060/University of Lyon 1/INRA U1235 Lyon , France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Martina Heer
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | | | - Michel Prost
- Laboratoire de recherches appliquées Spiral/Kirial International, Couternon, France
| | | | - Guillaume Py
- Université de Montpellier, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR866 34060, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier , France
| | - Stéphane Blanc
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien UMR 7178, Strasbourg , France
| | - Chantal Simon
- CARMEN, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1060/University of Lyon 1/INRA U1235 Lyon , France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Audrey Bergouignan
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien UMR 7178, Strasbourg , France.,Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Donal J O'Gorman
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology and School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University , Dublin , Ireland.,3U Diabetes Consortium, Dublin City University , Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pitsiladis YP, Carty C, Ferriani I, Lewis S, Vitello M, Crooks C, Liljelund J, Loroupe T, Eades D, Mountjoy M, Pigozzi F. Inaugural HealthAccord Conference (SportAccord Convention, Bangkok, Thailand): The Power of Sport - The Power to Change. Curr Sports Med Rep 2018; 17:256-261. [PMID: 30095545 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SportAccord organized the inaugural HealthAccord conference on April 19, 2018, in Bangkok, Thailand. The goal of HealthAccord is for the International Sport Federations (IF) and sport industry leaders to address high-priority issues facing sport through a serious commitment to innovation to protect athlete health, to enhance athlete performance, and to stimulate action to improve global health through the promotion of physical activity. The first HeathAccord conference was organized by drawing on the knowledge and experience of experts from global health programs focused on athletes and global citizens, respectively. The first session, "The Power of Sport," addressed the application of "state of the art" sport science and sport medicine for the protection of athlete health and to enhance sport performance. "The Power of Sport" session concentrated on enabling athletes to perform spectacular feats that are "higher, stronger, faster" intended to engage and thrill global audiences without resorting to prohibited substances and methods, to enable athletes to remain active in sport for a longer career, and to increase the attraction of sport for sponsors. In the second session, "The Power to Change," sport was viewed as having an important role in promoting physical activity within their respective federations, community, and internationally. The Olympic movement, IF, and other sport stakeholders are urgently needed to become the social drivers to correct the mismatch between physical activity for health development and draw toward sedentary lifestyles of the modern world. Key outcomes of this first HealthAccord conference were the agreement among participants to develop an innovative and high-impact collaboration between IF and related stakeholders; to use sport as a social movement platform to measurably improve health, both for athletes and for global citizens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannis P Pitsiladis
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico," Rome, Italy.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ivo Ferriani
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico," Rome, Italy.,International Olympic Committee (IOC), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Lewis
- International Ski Federation (FIS), Chamonix, France and Oberhofen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - John Liljelund
- International Floorball Federation (IFF), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Margo Mountjoy
- ASOIF Medical and Scientific Consultative Group, Lausanne Switzerland.,FINA Bureau-Sport Medicine Liaison, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Family Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Fabio Pigozzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico," Rome, Italy.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Villa Stuart Sport Clinic, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nikolaidis MG. The Effects of Resistance Exercise on Muscle Damage, Position Sense, and Blood Redox Status in Young and Elderly Individuals. Geriatrics (Basel) 2017; 2:geriatrics2030020. [PMID: 31011030 PMCID: PMC6371112 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics2030020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of the present investigation was to study the possible differences between young and elderly individuals regarding muscle damage, position sense, and oxidative stress biomarkers in response to resistance eccentric-biased exercise. Methods: Ten young and 10 elderly individuals performed a bout of resistance exercise (i.e., squat exercise). Muscle damage indices (i.e., isometric peak torque, range of movement, delayed onset muscle soreness, and creatine kinase), position sense, and oxidative stress biomarkers (i.e., protein carbonyls and reduced glutathione) were assessed before and 48 h post exercise. Results: The main effect of time was significant for all measured parameters, indicating that resistance exercise that includes a large eccentric component causes muscle damage, disturbs position sense, and induces oxidative stress. However, no significant main effect of group or time × group interaction was found for all measured parameters (except isometric peak torque), indicating similar responses to resistance exercise for both young and the elderly individuals. Conclusion: There are no differences between young and elderly individuals regarding muscle damage, position sense, and oxidative stress after resistance exercise, while elderly individuals have lower muscle strength and seem to have a tendency for greater baseline oxidative stress compared to young individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michalis G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agios Ioannis, 62110 Serres, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lachytova M, Katreniakova Z, Mikula P, Jendrichovsky M, Nagyova I. Associations between self-rated health, mental health problems and physical inactivity among urban adolescents. Eur J Public Health 2017; 27:984-989. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Lachytova
- Department of Social and Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Katreniakova
- Department of Social and Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Slovak Public Health Association – SAVEZ, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Pavol Mikula
- Department of Social and Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Marian Jendrichovsky
- Department of Social and Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Iveta Nagyova
- Department of Social and Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Slovak Public Health Association – SAVEZ, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mancuso CA, Duculan R, Girardi FP. Healthy Physical Activity Levels Below Recommended Thresholds Two Years After Lumbar Spine Surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2017; 42:E241-E247. [PMID: 28207665 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000001757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Prospective analysis. OBJECTIVE To quantify physical activity after lumbar surgery and identify spine-related variables associated with not meeting recommended activity thresholds. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA National guidelines recommend ≥150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity activity; however, only 52% of the general population meets this threshold. For patients not participating in exercise/sports, ≥1400 kcal/week of energy expenditure, including from walking, is another threshold. Potential spine-related variables associated with not meeting these thresholds after lumbar surgery have not been described. METHODS Clinical data were collected pre- and intraoperatively for 422 patients. Patients were contacted 2.2 years postoperatively to measure several patient-reported outcomes, including physical activity with the Paffenbarger Physical Activity and Exercise Index. The Paffenbarger Physical Activity and Exercise Index encompasses blocks walked, stairs climbed, and exercise/sports. Minutes/week of activity and total kcal/week were calculated and compared to recommended thresholds. Spine-related variables associated with not meeting thresholds were assessed in multivariable analyses. RESULTS Mean age was 57 years, 55% were men, 80% had degenerative diagnoses, and 63% had multilevel surgery. Only 35% met ≥1400 kcal/week; in multivariable analysis, not meeting this threshold was associated with revision surgery (OR 0.53, CI 0.30-0.95), surgery at ≥3 levels (OR 0.51, CI 0.31-0.84), and more postoperative back pain (OR 0.38, CI 0.24-0.59) (P <0.05 for all variables). Only 26% met ≥150 minutes/week; in multivariable analysis, not meeting this threshold was associated with degenerative diagnoses (OR 0.53, CI 0.31-0.92), subsequent spine surgery (OR 0.17, CI 0.05-0.58), and more postoperative back pain (OR 0.41, CI 0.25-0.67) (P <0.05 for all variables). All multivariable associations persisted after controlling for demographic characteristics. CONCLUSION Physical activity is below population norms after lumbar surgery and is associated with spine-related variables. Patients with stable spine conditions should be encouraged to engage in prudent physical activity to decrease their risk of long-term adverse health outcomes due to inactivity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Mancuso
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhao E, Tranovich MJ, DeAngelo R, Kontos AP, Wright VJ. Chronic exercise preserves brain function in masters athletes when compared to sedentary counterparts. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2016; 44:8-13. [PMID: 26513012 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2016.1103641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise is beneficial for both the body and the mind, and it has been associated with protective neurocognitive effects, such as increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurogenesis. These effects are linked to the attenuation of age-related mental decline and the preservation of mental capacities in older, physically active adults. This study evaluated whether masters athletes, a highly active population, have better cognitive function compared to age-matched non-athletes based on the Immediate Post-concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) tool. METHODS Masters athletes and sedentary controls were recruited and screened for eligibility. All subjects were excluded if they had preexisting neurological diseases, psychiatric disorders, substance abuse disorders, learning disorders, and/or a history of traumatic brain injury, and in addition, control subjects were excluded if they performed >1 h/week of aerobic exercise. All participants completed a health and activity survey which includes the SF-12 and the ImPACT neurocognitive test which measures verbal and visual memory as well as reaction time. Differences between masters athletes and the control population were determined by ImPACT score composites. RESULTS 51 pairs of athletes and non-athletes were analyzed. Athletes had significantly higher verbal memory scores (85.9 ± 7.7 vs 79.9 ± 13.9, p = 0.01) and faster reaction times (0.71 ± 0.12 vs 0.76 ± 0.15 s, p = 0.04) on the ImPACT test. Athletes also scored significantly higher on the physical components summary score of the SF-12 (55.0 ± 3.3 vs 51.8 ± 6.7, p = 0.004). CONCLUSION Masters athletes performed better on verbal memory and reaction time test, as well as on physical function as evaluated by the SF-12, compared to non-athlete controls. Chronic physical activity may preserve neurocognitive processes and increase physical health, which are protective factors for the negative effects of the aging process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Zhao
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Michael J Tranovich
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Ron DeAngelo
- b UPMC Sports Performance, Department of Sports Medicine , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Anthony P Kontos
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.,c UPMC Sports Medicine Concussion Program , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA
| | - Vonda J Wright
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Theodorou AA, Panayiotou G, Volaklis KA, Douda HT, Paschalis V, Nikolaidis MG, Smilios I, Toubekis A, Kyprianou D, Papadopoulos I, Tokmakidis SP. Aerobic, resistance and combined training and detraining on body composition, muscle strength, lipid profile and inflammation in coronary artery disease patients. Res Sports Med 2016; 24:171-84. [DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2016.1191488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - George Panayiotou
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Helen T. Douda
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - Vassilis Paschalis
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Michalis G. Nikolaidis
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Ilias Smilios
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - Argyris Toubekis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kyprianou
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Savvas P. Tokmakidis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Falck RS, Davis JC, Liu-Ambrose T. What is the association between sedentary behaviour and cognitive function? A systematic review. Br J Sports Med 2016; 51:800-811. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
28
|
Romain AJ, Bernard P, Galvez M, Caudroit J. Response to an Exercise Intervention for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Preliminary Study of Processes of Change. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jabr.12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
29
|
Kraus WE, Bittner V, Appel L, Blair SN, Church T, Després JP, Franklin BA, Miller TD, Pate RR, Taylor-Piliae RE, Vafiadis DK, Whitsel L. The National Physical Activity Plan: A Call to Action From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2015; 131:1932-40. [DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
30
|
Callahan ZJ, Oxendine M, Wheatley JL, Menke C, Cassell EA, Bartos A, Geiger PC, Schaeffer PJ. Compensatory responses of the insulin signaling pathway restore muscle glucose uptake following long-term denervation. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/4/e12359. [PMID: 25896980 PMCID: PMC4425965 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of muscle activity in maintaining normal glucose homeostasis via transection of the sciatic nerve, an extreme model of disuse atrophy. Mice were killed 3, 10, 28, or 56 days after transection or sham surgery. There was no difference in muscle weight between sham and transected limbs at 3 days post surgery, but it was significantly lower following transection at the other three time points. Transected muscle weight stabilized by 28 days post surgery with no further loss. Myocellular cross-sectional area was significantly smaller at 10, 28, and 56 days post transection surgery. Additionally, muscle fibrosis area was significantly greater at 56 days post transection. In transected muscle there was reduced expression of genes encoding transcriptional regulators of metabolism (PPARα, PGC-1α, PGC-1β, PPARδ), a glycolytic enzyme (PFK), a fatty acid transporter (M-CPT 1), and an enzyme of mitochondrial oxidation (CS) with transection. In denervated muscle, glucose uptake was significantly lower at 3 days but was greater at 56 days under basal and insulin-stimulated conditions. Although GLUT 4 mRNA was significantly lower at all time points in transected muscle, Western blot analysis showed greater expression of GLUT4 at 28 and 56 days post surgery. GLUT1 mRNA was unchanged; however, GLUT1 protein expression was also greater in transected muscles. Surgery led to significantly higher protein expression for Akt2 as well as higher phosphorylation of Akt. While denervation may initially lead to reduced glucose sensitivity, compensatory responses of insulin signaling appeared to restore and improve glucose uptake in long-term-transected muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshua L Wheatley
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Chelsea Menke
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
| | | | - Amanda Bartos
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
| | - Paige C Geiger
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Affiliation(s)
- Domhnall MacAuley
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland
| | - Adrian Bauman
- School of Public Health, and Director Prevention Research Collaboration, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Pierre Frémont
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sarvas JL, Otis JS, Khaper N, Lees SJ. Voluntary physical activity prevents insulin resistance in a tissue specific manner. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/2/e12277. [PMID: 25713323 PMCID: PMC4393189 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle are risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes. Here, we identified the effects 8 weeks of voluntary physical activity had on the prevention of insulin resistance in mouse skeletal muscles and liver (a hallmark of T2D). To do this, 8 week old C57BL/6J mice with (RUN) and without (SED) voluntary access to running wheels were fed a standard rodent chow ad libitum for 8 weeks. In the liver, there was a 2.5-fold increase in insulin stimulated AktSER473 phosphorylation, and a threefold increase in insulin-stimulated (0.5 U/kg) GSK3βSER9 phosphorylation in RUN compared to SED mice. Although not induced in skeletal muscles, there was a twofold increase in SOCS3 expression in SED compared to RUN mice in the liver. There was no difference in the glucose tolerance test between groups. This study was the first to show differences in liver insulin sensitivity after 8 weeks of voluntary physical activity, and increased SOCS3 expression in the liver of sedentary mice compared to active mice. These findings demonstrate that even in young mice that would normally be considered healthy, the lack of physical activity leads to insulin resistance representing the initial pathogenesis of impaired glucose metabolism leading to type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Sarvas
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey S Otis
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, Canada
| | - Neelam Khaper
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon J Lees
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Boyle LJ, Credeur DP, Jenkins NT, Padilla J, Leidy HJ, Thyfault JP, Fadel PJ. Impact of reduced daily physical activity on conduit artery flow-mediated dilation and circulating endothelial microparticles. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2013; 115:1519-25. [PMID: 24072406 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00837.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity promotes the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, few data exist examining the vascular consequences of short-term reductions in daily physical activity. Thus we tested the hypothesis that popliteal and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) would be reduced and concentrations of endothelial microparticles (EMPs) would be elevated following reduced daily physical activity. To examine this, popliteal and brachial artery FMD and plasma levels of EMPs suggestive of apoptotic and activated endothelial cells (CD31(+)/CD42b(-) and CD62E(+) EMPs, respectively) were measured at baseline and during days 1, 3, and 5 of reduced daily physical activity in 11 recreationally active men (25 ± 2 yr). Subjects were instructed to reduce daily physical activity by taking <5,000 steps/day and refraining from planned exercise. Popliteal artery FMD decreased with reduced activity (baseline: 4.7 ± 0.98%, reduced activity day 5: 1.72 ± 0.68%, P < 0.05), whereas brachial artery FMD was unchanged. In contrast, baseline (pre-FMD) popliteal artery diameter did not change, whereas brachial artery diameter decreased (baseline: 4.35 ± 0.12, reduced activity day 5: 4.12 ± 0.11 P < 0.05) following 5 days of reduced daily physical activity. CD31(+)/CD42b(-) EMPs were significantly elevated with reduced activity (baseline: 17.6 ± 9.4, reduced activity day 5: 104.1 ± 43.1 per μl plasma, P < 0.05), whereas CD62E(+) EMPs were unaltered. Collectively, our results provide evidence for the early and robust deleterious impact of reduced daily activity on vascular function and highlight the vulnerability of the vasculature to a sedentary lifestyle.
Collapse
|
34
|
CardioPulse Articles. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
35
|
Seaman DR. Body mass index and musculoskeletal pain: is there a connection? Chiropr Man Therap 2013; 21:15. [PMID: 23687943 PMCID: PMC3665675 DOI: 10.1186/2045-709x-21-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Back pain is one of the most common complaints that patients report to physicians and two-thirds of the population has an elevated body mass index (BMI), indicating they are either overweight or obese. It was once assumed that extra body weight would stress the low back and lead to pain, however, researchers have reported inconsistencies association between body weight and back pain. In contrast, more recent studies do indicate that an elevated BMI is associated with back pain and other musculoskeletal pain syndromes due to the presence of a chronic systemic inflammatory state, suggesting that the relationship between BMI and musculoskeletal pains be considered in more detail. Objective To describe how an elevated BMI can be associated with chronic systemic inflammation and pain expression. To outline measurable risk factors for chronic inflammation that can be used in clinical practice and discuss basic treatment considerations. Discussion Adiposopathy, or “sick fat” syndrome, is a term that refers to an elevated BMI that is associated with a chronic systemic inflammatory state most commonly referred to as the metabolic syndrome. The best available evidence suggests that the presence of adiposopathy determines if an elevated BMI will contribute to musculoskeletal pain expression. It is not uncommon for physicians to fail to identify the presence of adiposopathy/metabolic syndrome. Conclusion Patients with an elevated BMI should be further examined to identify inflammatory factors associated with adiposopathy, such as the metabolic syndrome, which may be promoting back pain and other musculoskeletal pain syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Seaman
- National University of Health Sciences, SPC-Health Education Center, 7200 66th St, Pinellas Park, FL 33781, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Theodorou AA, Panayiotou G, Paschalis V, Nikolaidis MG, Kyparos A, Mademli L, Grivas GV, Vrabas IS. Stair descending exercise increases muscle strength in elderly males with chronic heart failure. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:87. [PMID: 23510560 PMCID: PMC3601017 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies from our group have shown that "pure" eccentric exercise performed on an isokinetic dynamometer can induce health-promoting effects that may improve quality of life. In order to investigate whether the benefits of "pure" eccentric exercise can be transferred to daily activities, a new and friendlier way to perform eccentric exercise had to be invented. To this end, we have proceeded to the design and construction of an automatic escalator, offering both stair descending (eccentric-biased) and stair ascending (concentric-biased) exercise. FINDINGS Twelve elderly males (60-70 yr) with chronic heart failure participated in the present study. Participants carried out six weeks of stair descending or ascending training on the novel SmartEscalator device. Muscle damage and performance indices were evaluated before and at day 2 post exercise at the first and sixth week of training. Both training regimes increased, albeit not significantly in some cases, eccentric, concentric and isometric torque. After six weeks of stair descending exercise, eccentric, concentric and isometric peak torque increased 12.3%, 7.7% and 8.8%, respectively, whereas after stair ascending exercise eccentric, concentric and isometric peak torque increased 7.1%, 9.6% and 5.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Stair descending exercise appears to be a pleasant and mild activity that can be easily followed by the elderly. Compared to the more demanding stair ascending exercise, changes in muscle strength are similar or even greater. Elderly or people with impaired endurance wishing to increase their muscle strength may be benefited by participating in activities with strong eccentric component, such as stair descending.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios A Theodorou
- Laboratory of Exercise, Health and Human Performance, Research Center, European University Cyprus, Engomi, Diogenes Str 6, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gong J, Campos H, Fiecas JMA, McGarvey ST, Goldberg R, Richardson C, Baylin A. A case-control study of physical activity patterns and risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:122. [PMID: 23390965 PMCID: PMC3585466 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The interactive effects of different types of physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have not been fully considered in previous studies. We aimed to identify physical activity patterns that take into account combinations of physical activities and examine the association between derived physical activity patterns and risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods We examined the relationship between physical activity patterns, identified by principal component analysis (PCA), and AMI risk in a case-control study of myocardial infarction in Costa Rica (N=4172), 1994-2004. The component scores derived from PCA and total METS were used in natural cubic spline models to assess the association between physical activity and AMI risk. Results Four physical activity patterns were retained from PCA that were characterized as the rest/sleep, agricultural job, light indoor activity, and manual labor job patterns. The light indoor activity and rest/sleep patterns showed an inverse linear relation (P for linearity=0.001) and a U-shaped association (P for non-linearity=0.03) with AMI risk, respectively. There was an inverse association between total activity-related energy expenditure and AMI risk but it reached a plateau at high levels of physical activity (P for non-linearity=0.01). Conclusions These data suggest that a light indoor activity pattern is associated with reduced AMI risk. PCA provides a new approach to investigate the relationship between physical activity and CVD risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gong
- Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bryan NS. Pharmacological therapies, lifestyle choices and nitric oxide deficiency: A perfect storm. Pharmacol Res 2012; 66:448-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
39
|
Abstract
A identificação do sedentarismo como fator de risco para doenças crônico-degenerativas influenciou significativamente nas recomendações de saúde pública em defesa de estilos de vida fisicamente ativos. O artigo estuda o processo de patologização do sedentarismo e seus desdobramentos para o campo da saúde pública. Num primeiro momento, discutimos de que maneira o modelo biomédico serve de base para a transposição de aspectos da conduta humana como "fator de risco" e, a seguir, como patologia, tal qual no caso específico da "Síndrome da Morte Sedentária", assim classificada por alguns autores. Em seguida, analisamos como essa visão vem sendo difundida no campo da saúde, tomando por base um programa institucional que, ao mesmo tempo em que transforma o sedentarismo em doença, apresenta a atividade física como um remédio cujos resultados podem se estender a todas as esferas da vida. Nessa linha de raciocínio, em que os mal-estares de nossa civilização são medicalizados e tornados mercadoria ao serem transformados em riscos e patologias, a atividade física torna-se vacina para o corpo social.
Collapse
|
40
|
Walsh S, Haddad CJ, Kostek MA, Angelopoulos TJ, Clarkson PM, Gordon PM, Moyna NM, Visich PS, Zoeller RF, Seip RL, Bilbie S, Thompson PD, Devaney J, Gordish-Dressman H, Hoffman EP, Price TB, Pescatello LS. Leptin and leptin receptor genetic variants associate with habitual physical activity and the arm body composition response to resistance training. Gene 2012; 510:66-70. [PMID: 22975643 PMCID: PMC3500611 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the influence of Leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) SNPs on habitual physical activity (PA) and body composition response to a unilateral, upper body resistance training (RT) program. METHODS European-derived American volunteers (men=111, women=131, 23.4 ± 5.4 yr, 24.4 ± 4.6 kg·m(-2)) were genotyped for LEP 19 G>A (rs2167270), and LEPR 326 A>G (rs1137100), 668 A>G (rs1137101), 3057 G>A (rs1805096), and 1968 G>C (rs8179183). They completed the Paffenbarger PA Questionnaire. Arm muscle and subcutaneous fat volumes were measured before and after 12 wk of supervised RT with MRI. Multivariate and repeated measures ANCOVA tested differences among phenotypes by genotype and gender with age and body mass index as covariates. RESULTS Adults with the LEP 19 GG genotype reported more kcal/wk in vigorous intensity PA (1273.3 ± 176.8, p=0.017) and sports/recreation (1922.8 ± 226.0, p<0.04) than A allele carriers (718.0 ± 147.2, 1328.6 ± 188.2, respectively). Those with the LEP 19 GG genotype spent more h/wk in light intensity PA (39.7 ± 1.6) than A allele carriers (35.0 ± 1.4, p=0.03). In response to RT, adults with the LEPR 668 G allele gained greater arm muscle volume (67,687.05 ± 3186.7 vs. 52,321.87 ± 5125.05 mm(3), p=0.01) and subcutaneous fat volume (10,599.89 ± 3683.57 vs. -5224.73 ± 5923.98 mm(3), p=0.02) than adults with the LEPR 668 AA genotype, respectively. CONCLUSION LEP19 G>A and LEPR 668 A>G associated with habitual PA and the body composition response to RT. These LEP and LEPR SNPs are located in coding exons likely influencing LEP and LEPR function. Further investigation is needed to confirm our findings and establish mechanisms for LEP and LEPR genotype and PA and body composition associations we observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Walsh
- Department of Physical Education and Human Performance, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT 06050, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bazex J, Pène P, Rivière D. Les activités physiques et sportives — la santé — la société. BULLETIN DE L ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MEDECINE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0001-4079(19)31722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
42
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Dyspnea is a frequent, debilitating, and understudied symptom in cancer associated with poor prognosis and reduced health-related quality of life. The purpose of this study is to review the incidence, pathophysiology, and mechanisms of dyspnea in patients diagnosed with cancer. We also discuss the existing evidence supporting the efficacy of exercise therapy to complement traditional approaches to reduce the impact of this devastating symptom in persons with cancer. RECENT FINDINGS In other clinical populations presenting with dyspnea, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, exercise therapy is demonstrated to be an efficacious strategy. In contrast, relatively few studies to date have investigated the efficacy of exercise training as a therapeutic strategy to mitigate dyspnea in patients with cancer. SUMMARY Although much more work is required, exercise therapy is a promising adjunct strategy to systematically reduce dyspnea in the oncology setting that may also provide additive efficacy when prescribed in combination with other adjunct therapies including pharmacologic interventions.
Collapse
|
43
|
Taylor PD. Can exercise prevent coronary artery disease even on a high fat diet? J Physiol 2012; 590:4125-6. [DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.238782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
44
|
Jenkins NT, Martin JS, Laughlin MH, Padilla J. Exercise-induced Signals for Vascular Endothelial Adaptations: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2012; 6:331-346. [PMID: 22844545 PMCID: PMC3404842 DOI: 10.1007/s12170-012-0241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews recent advances in our understanding of hemodynamic signals, external/compressive forces, and circulating factors that mediate exercise training-induced vascular adaptations, with particular attention to the roles of these signals in prevention and treatment of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular (CV) diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Harold Laughlin
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
- Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Neidrick TJ, Fick DM, Loeb SJ. Physical activity promotion in primary care targeting the older adult. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 24:405-16. [PMID: 22735064 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2012.00703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This integrative review identifies and examines research literature focused on physical activity promotion provided in primary care settings to older adult patients in order to evaluate the effectiveness of provider-delivered interventions on elders short- and long-term activity levels. DATA RESOURCES A comprehensive review of original research published in English from all countries through May 2010 was performed. Relevant literature was identified through MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ProQuest on-line databases. Data from 11 unique studies were systematically extracted and summarized in table format. CONCLUSIONS Activity interventions delivered in primary care can produce at least short term increases in activity; however, there is limited evidence to evaluate whether long-term changes can be achieved and thus making the case for future longitudinal studies. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Tailored activity prescriptions should be provided after holistic patient assessment. Activity counseling requires recognition as a billable service and further study is needed to identify the most efficient intervention. Inclusion of health-economic evaluations in future research could reveal if efforts to improve physical activity levels are an efficient use of resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thad J Neidrick
- Section of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Surgery, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania 17822, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Slentz CA, Houmard JA, Kraus WE. Exercise, abdominal obesity, skeletal muscle, and metabolic risk: evidence for a dose response. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009; 17 Suppl 3:S27-33. [PMID: 19927142 PMCID: PMC3762482 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The obese are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. However, some who are obese have no metabolic abnormalities. So, it is not adipose tissue per se, but perhaps where it is located that is important for determining metabolic consequences. Regular exercise is known to reduce risk for metabolic disease through numerous mechanisms. The purpose of this report is to highlight some of the efficacy-based data on the effects of exercise (and also a sedentary lifestyle) on abdominal obesity, visceral fat, and metabolic risk. We also discuss how impaired fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in skeletal muscle may be related to both insulin resistance and a contributor to weight gain. In summary, it is evident that exercise in sufficient amounts can lead to substantial decreases in body weight, total body fat, and visceral fat. Additionally, evidence now supports the conclusion that there is a dose-response relationship between exercise amount and these changes, i.e., more exercise leads to additional benefits. Additionally, there are a number of important cardiometabolic risk factors that were most favorably effected by moderate-intensity compared to vigorous-intensity exercise. Unfortunately, it is also apparent that in sedentary middle-aged men and women, short periods of physical inactivity lead to significant weight gain, substantial increases in visceral fat, and further metabolic deterioration. Finally, favorable modulation of mitochondrial oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle by exercise training may reduce a block for complete oxidation of fatty acids in muscle and thereby relieve a block to effective insulin signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cris A Slentz
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
|
48
|
Plotnikoff RC, Lippke S, Courneya KS, Birkett N, Sigal RJ. Physical Activity and Social Cognitive Theory: A Test in a Population Sample of Adults with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
49
|
Effets d’une intervention courte en tai-chi-chuan sur le sentiment d’efficacité, l’anxiété et les troubles émotionnels chez des étudiants ayant un style de vie sédentaire. EUROPEAN REVIEW OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
50
|
Mueller PJ. Influence of sedentary versus physically active conditions on regulation of plasma renin activity and vasopressin. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008; 295:R727-32. [PMID: 18509102 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00144.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Sedentary animals compared to physically active controls exhibit enhanced sympathoexcitatory responses, including arterial baroreflex-mediated sympathoexcitation. Hypotension-induced sympathoexcitation is also associated with the release of vasoactive hormones. We hypothesized that sedentary conditions may enhance release of the vasoactive hormones AVP and ANG II. To test this hypothesis, the humoral response to hypotension was examined in conscious rats after 9-12 wk of sedentary conditions or "normally active" conditions. Normally active conditions were produced by allowing rats access to running wheels in their home cages. Running distance peaked after 4 wk (4.5 +/- 0.7 km/day), and the total distance run after 9 wk was 174 +/- 23 km (n = 25). Similar levels of hypotension were induced in conscious sedentary or physically active animals with the arterial vasodilator, diazoxide (25 mg/kg iv). Control experiments used a saline injection of equivalent volume. Plasma samples were collected and assayed for plasma AVP concentration and plasma renin activity (PRA). Sedentary conditions significantly enhanced resting and hypotension-induced PRA relative to normal physical activity. In contrast, resting and hypotension-induced AVP levels were not statistically different between groups. These data suggest that baroreflex-mediated activation of the renin-angiotensin system, but not AVP secretion, is enhanced by sedentary conditions. We speculate that augmented activation of the renin-angiotensin system may be related to enhanced sympathetic outflow observed in sedentary animals and may contribute to increased risk of cardiovascular disease in the sedentary population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Mueller
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
| |
Collapse
|