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Kuručki M, Sukara R, Ćirković V, Ćirović D, Tomanović S. Molecular Detection and Genetic Variability of Hepatozoon canis in Golden Jackals ( Canis aureus L. 1758) in Serbia. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:411. [PMID: 38927291 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Hepatozoon canis is a protozoan tick-borne parasite infecting domestic and wild canids, including foxes, wolves, and jackals. It is mainly found in dogs but has also been detected in several wild carnivores, including foxes, wolves, and jackals. Host transmission primarily occurs through the ingestion of infected ticks, typically Rhipicephalus sanguineus, with documented instances of transplacental transmission from infected females to cubs. In Serbia, the golden jackal is common throughout the country, and its population has increased in recent years. Previous research has documented the presence of several vector-borne pathogens in the jackal population in Serbia, so we conducted this study to determine the presence, prevalence, and genetic variability of H. canis. Over eleven years (2010-2020), 114 animal samples were collected from 23 localities in Serbia. A total of 90/114 (78.95%) jackals were positive for H. canis, and they came from 22 localities. Among 15 juveniles, almost half (6/15 (40%)) tested positive for H. canis. In addition to the high prevalence, high genetic variability of the pathogen was also found. According to the mutated positions, four sequence types (S4-S7) of H. canis were determined. Based on our earlier research on the grey wolf and on this study, it can be observed that various sequence types of H. canis circulate within wild canid populations in Serbia. The prevalence of H. canis infection in wild carnivores raises significant concerns for wildlife conservation and animal health. Infected animals may act as reservoirs for the disease, posing a potential risk to domestic animals by acting as a source of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Kuručki
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ratko Sukara
- Group for Medical Entomology, Centre of Excellence for Food- and Vector-Borne Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Valentina Ćirković
- Group for Medical Entomology, Centre of Excellence for Food- and Vector-Borne Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Duško Ćirović
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Tomanović
- Group for Medical Entomology, Centre of Excellence for Food- and Vector-Borne Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
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Rupprecht CE, Buchanan T, Cliquet F, King R, Müller T, Yakobson B, Yang DK. A Global Perspective on Oral Vaccination of Wildlife against Rabies. J Wildl Dis 2024; 60:241-284. [PMID: 38381612 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-23-00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The long-term mitigation of human-domestic animal-wildlife conflicts is complex and difficult. Over the last 50 yr, the primary biomedical concepts and actualized collaborative global field applications of oral rabies vaccination to wildlife serve as one dramatic example that revolutionized the field of infectious disease management of free-ranging animals. Oral vaccination of wildlife occurred in diverse locales within Africa, Eurasia, the Middle East, and North America. Although rabies is not a candidate for eradication, over a billion doses of vaccine-laden baits distributed strategically by hand, at baiting stations, or via aircraft, resulted in widespread disease prevention, control, or local disease elimination among mesocarnivores. Pure, potent, safe, and efficacious vaccines consisted of either modified-live, highly attenuated, or recombinant viruses contained within attractive, edible baits. Since the late 1970s, major free-ranging target species have included coyotes (Canis latrans), foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus; Vulpes vulpes), jackals (Canis aureus; Lupulella mesomelas), raccoons (Procyon lotor), raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides), and skunks (Mephitis mephitis). Operational progress has occurred in all but the latter species. Programmatic evaluations of oral rabies vaccination success have included: demonstration of biomarkers incorporated within vaccine-laden baits in target species as representative of bait contact; serological measurement of the induction of specific rabies virus neutralizing antibodies, indicative of an immune response to vaccine; and most importantly, the decreasing detection of rabies virus antigens in the brains of collected animals via enhanced laboratory-based surveillance, as evidence of management impact. Although often conceived mistakenly as a panacea, such cost-effective technology applied to free-ranging wildlife represents a real-world, One Health application benefiting agriculture, conservation biology, and public health. Based upon lessons learned with oral rabies vaccination of mesocarnivores, opportunities for future extension to other taxa and additional diseases will have far-reaching, transdisciplinary benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Rupprecht
- College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, 602 Duncan Drive, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Tore Buchanan
- Wildlife Research and Monitoring Section, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9L1Z8, Canada
| | - Florence Cliquet
- ANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, European Union Reference Laboratory for Rabies Serology, European Union Reference Laboratory for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Management in Zoonoses Control, WOAH Reference Laboratory for Rabies, Technopôle Agricole et Vétérinaire, Domaine de Pixérécourt, CS 40009 Malzeville, France
| | - Roni King
- Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Am V'Olamo 3, Jerusalem 95463, Israel
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rabies Surveillance and Research, WOAH Reference Laboratory for Rabies, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Boris Yakobson
- WOAH Reference Laboratory for Rabies, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Derech HaMaccabim 62, Rishon Lezion, 50250, Israel
| | - Dong-Kun Yang
- Viral Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
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Parchizadeh J, Schooler SL, Adibi MA, Arias MG, Rezaei S, Belant JL. A review of caracal and jungle cat diets across their geographical ranges during 1842-2021. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10130. [PMID: 37250441 PMCID: PMC10212689 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-occurring carnivore species that are phylogenetically related or of similar size, morphology, and ecological needs often reduce competition by partitioning shared resources through temporal, spatial, and dietary niche segregation via behavioral adaptations. Caracals (Caracal caracal) and jungle cats (Felis chaus) co-occur in portions of their geographical ranges and are expected to display resource segregation in these ranges. We compiled scat, stomach content, and prey remains found data from published and unpublished sources to summarize information on the diets of caracals and jungle cats across their geographical ranges during 1842-2021. We obtained 63 sources from 26 countries in Europe, Asia, and Africa, in which caracal diet included 151 species while jungle cat diet included 61 species. We found that caracals and jungle cats did not exhibit dietary niche partitioning and had greater dietary similarities in areas of range overlap. We also found that caracals consumed more diverse prey species including prey with greater average body mass compared to jungle cats. Our results suggest that greater prey diversity in areas of range overlap, caracal predation on wide range of prey, and opportunistic feeding behavior that facilitates consumption of more diverse prey species compared to jungle cats, may facilitate co-occurrence between these two felid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Parchizadeh
- Department of Fisheries and WildlifeMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Sarah L. Schooler
- Department of Fisheries and WildlifeMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
- Global Wildlife Conservation CenterState University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Mohammad Ali Adibi
- Department of Habitats and Biodiversity, Faculty of Environment and EnergyIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mariano G. Arias
- Environmental Biology DepartmentState University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNew YorkUSA
| | - Sahar Rezaei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science EngineeringUniversity of ArkansasLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Jerrold L. Belant
- Department of Fisheries and WildlifeMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
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Veronesi F, Deak G, Diakou A. Wild Mesocarnivores as Reservoirs of Endoparasites Causing Important Zoonoses and Emerging Bridging Infections across Europe. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020178. [PMID: 36839450 PMCID: PMC9964259 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesocarnivores are small- or mid-sized carnivore species that display a variety of ecologies and behaviours. In Europe, wild mesocarnivores are represented by the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), the golden jackal (Canis aureus), the European wildcat (Felis silvestris), the Mustelidae of the genera Meles, Martes, Mustela, Lutra, the invasive species of raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), raccoons (Procyon lotor), and American mink (Neogale vison). These abundant animals thrive in various habitats and often develop their activity close to human settlements. Thus, they may play an important role in the introduction, maintenance, and transmission of major parasitic zoonoses and promote bridging infections with domestic animals. Against this background, this article reports and discusses some of the most important endoparasites of wild mesocarnivores living in Europe, on the basis of their actual role as reservoirs, spreaders, or sentinels. The data derived from epizootiological studies in different European countries, and the proven or speculated implications of the detected endoparasites in human and domestic animals' health, are discussed. Through older and recent literature review, the state-of-the-art knowledge on the occurrence and prevalence of the parasites under consideration is presented, showing further, warranted investigations and the need for surveillance and vigilance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia Veronesi
- Parasitology Laboratory of the University Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06124 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.V.); (G.D.); (A.D.)
| | - Georgiana Deak
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (F.V.); (G.D.); (A.D.)
| | - Anastasia Diakou
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (F.V.); (G.D.); (A.D.)
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Pecorella S, Mori E. “Brown hare never goes underground”: the exception that proves the rule. MAMMALIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2022-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Amongst leporids, rabbits use underground warrens as resting and reproductive sites, whereas hares usually rests in soil depressions in woodlands or scrublands, providing them with cover and protection from predators. In this short communication, we reported for the first time the use of badger burrows as resting sites of the European brown hare Lepus europaeus in North-Eastern Italy. Underground dens may provide hares with the best cover from daylight and protection from both predators and bad weather conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Pecorella
- Therion Research Group APS , Loc. Castel San Mauro, 34170 Gorizia , GO , Italy
| | - Emiliano Mori
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche , Istituto Di Ricerca Sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri , Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
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Tull A, Valdmann H, Tammeleht E, Kaasiku T, Rannap R, Saarma U. High overlap of zoonotic helminths between wild mammalian predators and rural dogs - an emerging One Health concern? Parasitology 2022; 149:1565-1574. [PMID: 35924728 PMCID: PMC11010195 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The concept of One Health emphasizes the interdependence of human, animal and environmental health and is of growing significance, in part owing to the problems related to emerging infectious diseases of wildlife origin. Wild mammalian predators are a potential risk factor for transmission of zoonotic pathogens to domesticated animals and humans. This is especially relevant in rural areas, where transmission of zoonotic pathogens can occur particularly efficiently when free-ranging dogs are present. The main aim of this study was to determine helminth infections among wild mammalian predators and evaluate the overlap between helminth faunas of wild mammals and dogs. Scat samples of predators were collected in coastal areas of Western Estonia and genetic methodology applied for the correct identification of predator species from their scat. Parasitic helminths of mammalian predators in the scat samples were analysed and compared with dog data from a previous study. High helminth prevalence (~90%) was found in dominant predator species in the area, namely the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and golden jackal (Canis aureus). Moreover, the helminth fauna of both wild species, including potentially zoonotic helminths, overlapped largely with that of rural dogs in the same area. The results, together with the ones from earlier parasitological studies among humans in Estonia, emphasize the potential risk of pathogen transmission from wild mammalian predators to dogs and from dogs to humans, making parasitic diseases of wildlife a One Health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ants Tull
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Harri Valdmann
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Egle Tammeleht
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Triin Kaasiku
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Riinu Rannap
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Urmas Saarma
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
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Wild Carnivore Survey of Echinococcus Species in Slovenia. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172223. [PMID: 36077943 PMCID: PMC9454715 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild carnivores are definitive hosts and potential reservoirs for the tapeworm Echinococcus sp. which can cause cystic and alveolar echinococcosis. Both are considered neglected and important food-borne pandemics. This study is the first to molecularly test Slovenian wild carnivores for Echinococcus species that can cause disease in humans. Fecal samples from 210 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 42 wolves (Canis lupus), 39 golden jackals (Canis aureus), 18 martens (Marten sp.), 2 Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx), 2 European badger (Meles meles), and 1 Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) were examined for Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (EGsl: E. granulosus sensu stricto, E. canadensis) and E. multilocularis (EM) using real-time PCR. Red foxes (29.1%) and golden jackals (18%) were positive for EM. All animals examined were negative for EGsl. Univariate analysis showed no significant differences in EM prevalence with respect to animal species (red fox vs., golden jackal) (p = 0.22), age (p = 0.12), and sex (p = 0.18). Prevalence of EM was associated with the region (p < 0.001), with regions in central and southern Slovenia having higher EM prevalence and risk of infection. Due to the increase in population and expansion of habitat, the golden jackal may soon become as important definitive host for EM as the red fox.
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Masters HM, Maher CR. Diet reveals potential for competition and coexistence among coyotes (Canis latrans), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), and gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). CAN J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2021-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Species can alleviate competition by reducing diet overlap. Non-native coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823) and historically native gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber, 1775)) have expanded their ranges and may compete with native red foxes (Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758)). To examine potential competition among canids in Maine, USA, we compared δ13C and δ15N from muscle and hair samples to assess relative resource use, and we compared frequency of occurrence of prey items from stomach contents to assess diets. For these species, red foxes consumed anthropogenically based foods the most in fall and early winter, gray foxes consumed anthropogenically based foods the most in summer, and coyotes consumed anthropogenically based foods the least in all seasons. Coyotes held the highest relative trophic position in fall and early winter, red foxes held the highest relative trophic position in summer, and gray foxes held the lowest relative trophic position. Based on stomach contents, gray foxes had the broadest diet and consumed the most plants, and coyotes had the narrowest diet. Red foxes were the only species to show isotopic niche overlap with both potential competitors across seasons. Thus, they may be most susceptible to competitive exclusion among these canids, with implications for community dynamics as ranges shift due to human activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry M. Masters
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04103, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04103, USA
| | - Christine R. Maher
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04103, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME 04103, USA
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Farkas A, Bidló A, Bolodár-Varga B, Jánoska F. Accumulation of selected metals and concentration of macroelements in liver and kidney tissues of sympatric golden jackal (Canis aureus) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Somogy County, Hungary. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:66724-66735. [PMID: 34240300 PMCID: PMC8642344 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the concentrations of Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the liver and kidney samples of golden jackals (n = 163) and red foxes (n = 64). Additionally, we studied how sex affected element concentration in both species, and in the case of golden jackals, how concentration levels were affected by age.Liver was the most important storage organ for Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, while kidney for Cd and Na in jackals and foxes.We found no sex-related differences in concentration of any of the selected elements in fox samples. In jackals, the mean concentrations of Al, Mn, and Zn were significantly higher in kidneys of males, while Zn and Cu had higher concentrations in female livers. Our results suggest bioaccumulation processes do not occur in mesocarnivores.Lead and Cd concentrations fell within ranges accepted as normal for canine species and were below toxic levels in the organs of the examined species. Concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were far below the toxic levels in both organs of both species, with a slight sign of deficiency of Fe, Mn, and Zn in jackal and fox kidneys. In comparison with toxicity levels and results from other European study sites, the current study demonstrated that species living in the examined area of Somogy County, Hungary, are generally exposed to low levels of environmental contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Farkas
- Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transilvania, Corunca, 1C, 540485, Târgu-Mureș, Romania.
| | - András Bidló
- Faculty of Forestry, Institute of Environmental and Earth Sciences, University of Sopron, Bajcsy-Zs. str. 4, Sopron, H-9400, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Bolodár-Varga
- Faculty of Forestry, Institute of Environmental and Earth Sciences, University of Sopron, Bajcsy-Zs. str. 4, Sopron, H-9400, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Jánoska
- Faculty of Forestry, Institute of Wildlife Management and Vertebrate Zoology, University of Sopron, Bajcsy-Zs. str. 4, Sopron, H-9400, Hungary
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Ferretti F, Lazzeri L, Mori E, Cesaretti G, Calosi M, Burrini L, Fattorini N. Habitat correlates of wild boar density and rooting along an environmental gradient. J Mammal 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyab095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In wild ungulates, habitat choice usually is influenced by foraging constraints and predator avoidance, potentially leading to spatial variation of population density (e.g., greater densities in food rich or safer habitats). Assessing habitat-correlates of abundance and foraging activity in turn is important in understanding determinants of distribution. We assessed habitat correlates of presence, density, and rooting, for wild boar Sus scrofa, the most widespread ungulate in the world, in six protected areas of central Italy. We worked along an altitudinal gradient ranging from the coast to mountains, in late spring-summer 2019. We surveyed 617 sampling plots randomly placed onto study areas with tessellation stratified sampling, where we used fecal counts to estimate wild boar density and visually estimated the proportion of rooted area. Overall estimates of density and rooting (± standard error) varied from 3.5 ± 2.0 to 17.9 ± 5.4 individuals/km2 and from 1.4 ± 0.8% to 10.9 ± 1.1% of rooted ground. Density and rooting showed a moderate yet nonsignificant correlation across sites. Probability of presence, abundance, and rooting in sampling plots were higher in ecotone habitats (transition habitats between wooded and open areas). Topography did not influence boar presence or local abundance. Rooting increased with decreasing slope and rock cover, as well as increasing elevation, possibly due to soil supporting forage of higher nutritional quality. Our results support the importance of ecotone habitats for wild boar, emphasizing the role of these transitional areas in the period of nursing/weaning of offspring, as well as when crops are actively growing. Differences in overall estimates of rooting across study sites may depend on site-specific features (soil moisture and availability of alternative food resources). Future studies should test the correlation between inter-annual differences of rooting and changes in population density. Notwithstanding the latter, we identified significant ecological drivers of wild boar density and rooting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ferretti
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology, and Wildlife Management, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lazzeri
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology, and Wildlife Management, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Emiliano Mori
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology, and Wildlife Management, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri—Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Gloria Cesaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology, and Wildlife Management, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Martina Calosi
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology, and Wildlife Management, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Burrini
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology, and Wildlife Management, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Niccolò Fattorini
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology, and Wildlife Management, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
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Miljević M, Lalošević D, Simin V, Blagojević J, Čabrilo B, Čabrilo OB. Intestinal helminth infections in the golden jackal (Canis aureus L.) from Vojvodina: Hotspot area of multilocular echinococcosis in Serbia. Acta Vet Hung 2021; 69:274-281. [PMID: 34506299 DOI: 10.1556/004.2021.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, 64 golden jackals were examined for intestinal helminths in three regions of Vojvodina, Serbia. Among the examined jackals 57.8% were infected with at least one parasite species. Using the intestinal scraping technique (SCT), eight species of intestinal helminths were found: Alaria alata (7.8%), Toxascaris leonina (9.4%), Toxocara canis (4.7%), Uncinaria stenocephala (20.3%), Echinococcus multilocularis (14.1%), Mesocestoides sp. (42.2%), Taenia pisiformis, and Taenia hydatigena (the overall prevalence of Taenia infection was 6.3%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of T. leonina in jackals from Serbia. In comparison with the SCT results, coprological tests were less sensitive and specific for parasite identification, as only two nematode species (T. leonina and T. canis) as well as ancylostomatid and taeniid eggs were identified. The total prevalence of intestinal helminths was higher in males (71.9% males, 45% females), but the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2 = 3.76; P = 0.052). Co-infection with two species of intestinal helminths was found in 35% of the examined golden jackal individuals, three-species co-infection was demonstrated in 21.6%, whereas four-species co-infection was detected in 2.7% of the golden jackals examined. Echinococcus multilocularis has previously been recorded in jackals and foxes in Serbia, but only in Vojvodina. Our results corroborate the findings of previous studies, and indicate that the Vojvodina Province, more specifically the Srem region, is probably a high-risk area for E. multilocularis transmission to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Miljević
- 1 Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Lalošević
- 2 Department for Microbiological and Other Diagnostics, Pasteur Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Verica Simin
- 2 Department for Microbiological and Other Diagnostics, Pasteur Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Blagojević
- 1 Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Borislav Čabrilo
- 3 Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Olivera Bjelić Čabrilo
- 3 Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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12
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Comparative analysis of the diet of members of the families Mustelidae and Canidae. THERIOLOGIA UKRAINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.15407/tu2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The article analyzes 151 food samples of carnivoran mammals of two families. It was found that the diet includes 49 food items in the studied species of the family Canidae and 42 items in species of the family Mustelidae, of both plant and animal origin. It was revealed that plant food is an important component of the diet of predators, since the frequency of registration of these objects is 46.4%. Most often, it is the remains of cereals and plant seeds. Rodents are the main food for both families (19% in Canidae, 21% in Mustelidae). A seasonal change in diet for both families was noted. Members of the family Mustelidae consume plants more often in summer and winter, while in in spring and autumn mammals prevail in their diet when the share of juicy fruits is the lowest. Rodents are consumed throughout the year, but their largest share was noted in spring, when this family is characterized by the greatest variety of food (Shannon's index is 2.0). For members of the family Canidae, the most important component of the diet in winter is dry fruits. The number of rodents in their diet also increases in spring. The summer period is characterized by the consumption of invertebrates and the absence of animal carcasses in the diet. In autumn, the share of juicy fruits increases and during this period the diet of Canidae is the most diverse (1.9). The lowest variety of food in species of the two families was registered in summer. Competition between the studied families may increase in spring when the most important food for the representatives of both Canidae and Mustelidae is rodents. There are some sex-related trophic preferences in both families. In particular, males of the family Mustelidae consume rodents more often (68.7%), while females more often feed on plants (56.1%). As for the family Canidae, the analysis was carried out on the example of the red fox. It was found that females of this species prefer plant foods and there are no ungulates in their diet. Males consume fewer plants (41.4%) and often forage in cattle burial grounds and landfills. Accordingly, the diet of males is more diverse compared to that in females. The Shannon index is 3.3 and 2.5, respectively.
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Torretta E, Riboldi L, Costa E, Delfoco C, Frignani E, Meriggi A. Niche partitioning between sympatric wild canids: the case of the golden jackal (Canis aureus) and the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in north-eastern Italy. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:129. [PMID: 34157980 PMCID: PMC8218446 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01860-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two coexisting species with similar ecological requirements avoid or reduce competition by changing the extent of their use of a given resource. Numerous coexistence mechanisms have been proposed, but species interactions can also be aggressive; thus, generally a subordinate species modifies its realized niche to limit the probability of direct encounters with the dominant species. We studied niche partitioning between two sympatric wild canids in north-eastern Italy: the golden jackal and the red fox, which, based on competition theories, have a high potential for competition. We considered four main niche dimensions: space, habitat, time, and diet. RESULTS We investigated three study areas monitoring target species populations from March 2017 to November 2018 using non-invasive monitoring techniques. Red fox presence was ascertained in every study area, while golden jackal presence was not ascertained in one study area, where we collected data regarding wolf presence. Considering the two target species, we observed partial diet partitioning based on prey size, with the golden jackal mainly feeding on wild ungulates and the red fox mainly feeding on small mammals. The two canids had an extensive temporal overlap along the diel cycle, having both predominant crepuscular and nocturnal activity patterns, but marked spatial partitioning and differential use of habitats. The golden jackal proved to be specialist concerning the habitat dimension, while the red fox resulted completely generalist: the former selected less human-modified habitats and avoided intensively cultivated lands, while the latter was present in all habitats, including intensively cultivated lands. CONCLUSIONS The observed partitioning might be due partially to some ecological adaptations (e.g. specialist vs. generalist use of resources) and specific behaviours (e.g. cooperative vs. solitary hunting) and partially to the avoidance response of the red fox aimed at reducing the probability of direct encounters with the golden jackal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Torretta
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Luca Riboldi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Costa
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudio Delfoco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Erica Frignani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Alberto Meriggi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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14
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Fenton S, Moorcroft PR, Ćirović D, Lanszki J, Heltai M, Cagnacci F, Breck S, Bogdanović N, Pantelić I, Ács K, Ranc N. Movement, space-use and resource preferences of European golden jackals in human-dominated landscapes: insights from a telemetry study. Mamm Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-021-00109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Lange PNAMJG, Lelieveld G, De Knegt HJ. Diet composition of the golden jackal
Canis aureus
in south‐east Europe – a review. Mamm Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline N. A. M. J. G. Lange
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Subdivision Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Wageningen University and Research Postbus 47 Wageningen6700AAthe Netherlands
| | - Glenn Lelieveld
- Zoogdiervereniging Postbus 6531 Nijmegen GA6503the Netherlands
| | - Henjo J. De Knegt
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Subdivision Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Wageningen University and Research Postbus 47 Wageningen6700AAthe Netherlands
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Janczarek I, Wiśniewska A, Chruszczewski MH, Tkaczyk E, Górecka-Bruzda A. Social Behaviour of Horses in Response to Vocalisations of Predators. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E2331. [PMID: 33302443 PMCID: PMC7764477 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that social defensive responses to the vocalisation of a predator still exist in horses. The recordings of a grey wolf, an Arabian leopard and a golden jackal were played to 20 Konik polski and Arabian mares. Durations of grazing, standing still, standing alert and the number of steps in walk and trot/canter were measured. In one-minute scans, the distances of the focal horse from the reference horse (DIST-RH) and from the nearest loudspeaker (DIST-LS) were approximated. The vocalisation of a leopard aroused the Arabians more than the Koniks (less grazing, stand-still and walk, more stand-alert and trotting/cantering). Koniks showed more relaxed behaviours to the leopard vocalisation (more grazing, stand-still and walk), but high alertness to the wolf playback (stand-alert, trotting/cantering). Spatial formation of the herd of Koniks showed tight grouping (lower DIST-RH) and maintaining distance from the potential threat (DIST-LS) in response to the wolf howling, while the Arabians approached the loudspeakers in linear herd formation when the leopard growls were played. Adult horses responded to potential predation by changing spatial group formations. This ability to apply a social strategy may be one of the explanations for the least number of horses among all hunted farm animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Janczarek
- Department of Horse Breeding and Use, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (I.J.); (A.W.); (E.T.)
| | - Anna Wiśniewska
- Department of Horse Breeding and Use, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (I.J.); (A.W.); (E.T.)
| | | | - Ewelina Tkaczyk
- Department of Horse Breeding and Use, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (I.J.); (A.W.); (E.T.)
| | - Aleksandra Górecka-Bruzda
- Department of Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
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17
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Pahl KB, Yurkowski DJ, Lees KJ, Hussey NE. Measuring the occurrence and strength of intraguild predation in modern food webs. FOOD WEBS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2020.e00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Tsunoda H, Saito MU. Variations in the trophic niches of the golden jackal Canis aureus across the Eurasian continent associated with biogeographic and anthropogenic factors. JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.25225/jvb.20056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tsunoda
- Center for Environmental Science in Saitama, Kazo, Saitama 347-0115, Japan; e-mail:
| | - Masayuki U. Saito
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan; e-mail:
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19
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Jackal in hide: detection dogs show first success in the quest for golden jackal (Canis aureus) scats. MAMMAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-020-00537-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGolden jackal (Canis aureus) monitoring in central Europe generates more interest and becomes increasingly important with the species’ appearance in areas where it was previously unestablished. For genetic monitoring of golden jackals via scat collection, the distinction of jackal scats from those of related species such as the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is crucial: if done incorrectly, it can falsify diet studies or inflate costs of DNA analyses. In this study, we tested the potential benefits of using domestic dogs to specifically find jackal scats. We used trained scat detection dogs to locate and identify golden jackal scats in an area of dense shrubland, with the species’ presence previously confirmed via bioacoustic monitoring. On a total of 133 km of transects covering at least two golden jackal groups, two human-dog teams found 34 putative golden jackal scats. A total of 26 of these were successfully genetically analysed, of which 19 were attributed to 13 individual golden jackals, an accuracy rate of 73%. Our results show that detection dogs can successfully differentiate golden jackal scats from other species. This tool can be applied to detect golden jackal presence and establish more reliable estimates of group number and size than previously determined through bioacoustic stimulation. By combining both methods, questions about family structures and kinship, seasonal differences in habitat use and territory sizes can be answered. The regular use of detection dogs can present an efficient method to monitor golden jackals on a long-term basis and to learn more about their behaviour and population dynamics.
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20
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Torretta E, Dondina O, Delfoco C, Riboldi L, Orioli V, Lapini L, Meriggi A. First assessment of habitat suitability and connectivity for the golden jackal in north-eastern Italy. Mamm Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-020-00069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCompared with the rapid expansion across Europe, the golden jackal colonization of Italy is still limited and slow. No study focused on the habitat selection or landscape connectivity for this species was performed in Italy; thus, the potential distribution and dispersal patterns in the country remain unknown. Our objectives were to evaluate the suitability of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region (north-eastern Italy) for the golden jackal, as well as to identify the ecological corridors connecting the areas currently occupied by the species. Corridors modelling allowed us both to hypothesize the dispersal dynamics occurring in the study region and to identify possible obstacles to future range expansion. We surveyed golden jackal presence in two study areas, covering an area of 500 km2, from March 2017 to February 2018. Using collected data, we modelled the species home-range scale habitat suitability based on an ensemble modelling approach. Subsequently, a habitat suitability prediction at a finer scale was used to estimate landscape resistance, starting from which, we modelled dispersal corridors among areas currently occupied by the species using a factorial least cost path and a cumulative resistant kernel approach. Our results indicated a moderate potential for large parts of the study region to support the occurrence of golden jackal family groups, whose presence seems to be mainly driven by the presence of wide areas covered by broadleaved forests and shrublands and by the absence of wide intensive agricultural areas. The predicted connectivity networks showed that three main permeable corridors are likely to connect golden jackal occurrence areas within the study region, while all the other corridors are characterized by a very low path density. Both the habitat selection and connectivity analyses showed a strong negative impact of the intensive cultivated plain on species stable presence and movement providing critical information for the conservation of the golden jackal in Italy.
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21
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Sévêque A, Gentle LK, López-Bao JV, Yarnell RW, Uzal A. Human disturbance has contrasting effects on niche partitioning within carnivore communities. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1689-1705. [PMID: 32666614 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Among species, coexistence is driven partly by the partitioning of available resources. The mechanisms of coexistence and competition among species have been a central topic within community ecology, with particular focus on mammalian carnivore community research. However, despite growing concern regarding the impact of humans on the behaviour of species, very little is known about the effect of humans on species interactions. The aim of this review is to establish a comprehensive framework for the impacts of human disturbance on three dimensions (spatial, temporal and trophic) of niche partitioning within carnivore communities and subsequent effects on both intraguild competition and community structure. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on carnivore niche partitioning (246 studies) and extracted 46 reported effects of human disturbance. We found evidence that human disturbance impacts resource partitioning, either positively or negatively, in all three niche dimensions. The repercussions of such variations are highly heterogeneous and differ according to both the type of human disturbance and how the landscape and/or availability of resources are affected. We propose a theoretical framework of the three main outcomes for the impacts of human disturbance on intraguild competition and carnivore community structure: (i) human disturbance impedes niche partitioning, increasing intraguild competition and reducing the richness and diversity of the community; (ii) human disturbance unbalances niche partitioning and intraguild competition, affecting community stability; and (iii) human disturbance facilitates niche partitioning, decreasing intraguild competition and enriching the community. We call for better integration of the impact of humans on carnivore communities in future research on interspecific competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Sévêque
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Louise K Gentle
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - José V López-Bao
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UO/CSIC/PA), Oviedo University, Mieres, 33600, Spain
| | - Richard W Yarnell
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Antonio Uzal
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF, UK
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22
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Gashe T, Yihune M. Population status, foraging ecology and activity pattern of golden jackal (Canis aureus) in Guangua Ellala Forest, Awi Zone, north west Ethiopia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233556. [PMID: 32470044 PMCID: PMC7259627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A study on population status, foraging ecology and activity pattern of golden jackal (Canis aureus) was conducted from October 2017 to August 2018. Data was collected through direct observation (total count, focal and scan sampling) and faecal dropping analysis. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and compared with Chi-square test, t test and one way ANOVA. The result indicated that the average number of golden jackal in the study area was 65 during the wet season and 83 during the dry season. There was a significant difference in the population size of golden jackal between the wet and the dry season (t = 38.13, df = 1, P<0.05). The mean pack size ± SD were 4±1.19 and 4.5±1.3 during the wet and the dry seasons, respectively. Golden jackal was observed feeding mostly on rodents and plant materials. The food items consumed were significantly differed (χ2 = 20.33, df = 5, P< 0.05) between both seasons. They were mostly active during early morning (6:00-8:00) and late afternoon (16:00-18:00). The overall status of the current population does not appear in an immediate danger. However, there are many conservation problems that could affect the species in the future in the area. Therefore, appropriate conservation measures should be taken in to consideration to protect golden jackal and create suitable habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilahun Gashe
- Department of Biology, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Mesele Yihune
- Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- * E-mail: ,
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23
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Tsunoda H, Newman C, Peeva S, Raichev E, Buesching CD, Kaneko Y. Spatio-temporal partitioning facilitates mesocarnivore sympatry in the Stara Planina Mountains, Bulgaria. ZOOLOGY 2020; 141:125801. [PMID: 32563175 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The top trophic level in many terrestrial food webs is typically occupied by mammalian carnivores (Order Carnivora) that broadly affect and shape ecosystems through trophic cascades. Their inter-specific interactions can further complicate effects on community dynamics as a consequence of intra-guild competition. The capacity for competitive mammalian carnivores to segregate their hunting and activity regimes is in major part a function of their similarity, in terms of body-size and dietary niche; termed the 'niche variation hypothesis'. In this study, we used camera-trapping to investigate intra-guild interactions and spatio-temporal partitioning among five mesocarnivores, the golden jackal (Canis aureus), European badger (Meles meles), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), European wildcat (Felis sylvestris) and stone marten (Martes foina), in the Stara Planina Mountains, Bulgaria. We collected a total of 444 images of golden jackals, 236 images of European badgers, 200 images of red foxes, 171 images of stone martens, and 145 images of European wildcats, from 6612 camera-days across fifteen camera-trapping stations. With respect to body size, the three smaller species (fox, wildcat and marten) were active in different time periods than the two larger competitors (jackal and badger) through both the warm and cold season. The more similar the trophic niche between species pairs (particularly relating to rodent consumption), the greater the spatio-temporal partitioning we observed within the pair; however, this adapted to seasonal dietary shifts. In conclusion, spatial and temporal (fine-scale and seasonal) niche partitioning appeared to reduce encounter probabilities and competition and may act to facilitate sympatric coexistence among this regional mesocarnivore guild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tsunoda
- Center for Environmental Science in Saitama, 914 Kamitanadare, Kazo-shi, Saitama, 347-0115, Japan.
| | - Chris Newman
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Tubney, Abingdon, Oxon, OX13 5QL, UK.
| | - Stanislava Peeva
- Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Student's Campus, Stara Zagora, 6000, Bulgaria.
| | - Evgeniy Raichev
- Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Student's Campus, Stara Zagora, 6000, Bulgaria.
| | - Christina D Buesching
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Tubney, Abingdon, Oxon, OX13 5QL, UK.
| | - Yayoi Kaneko
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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Bhattacharyya S, Rawat GS, Adhikari BS. Faunal abundance along timberline ecotone in western Himalaya with reference to anthropogenic pressure and season: a case study. Trop Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42965-019-00033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Tsunoda H, Peeva S, Raichev E, Ito K, Kaneko Y. Autumn Dietary Overlaps among Three Sympatric Mesocarnivores in the Central Part of Stara Planina Mountain, Bulgaria. MAMMAL STUDY 2019. [DOI: 10.3106/ms2018-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tsunoda
- Center for Environmental Science in Saitama, 914 Kamitanadare, Kazo, Saitama 347-0115, Japan
| | - Stanislava Peeva
- Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Student's Campus, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Evgeniy Raichev
- Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Student's Campus, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Kairi Ito
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yayoi Kaneko
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Uzelac A, Klun I, Ćirović D, Penezić A, Ćirković V, Djurković-Djaković O. Detection and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in wild canids in Serbia. Parasitol Int 2019; 73:101973. [PMID: 31404655 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.101973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To gain insight into the population structure of the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii in wildlife in Serbia, multiplex nested PCR- RFLP was performed on T. gondii DNA positive samples of heart tissue of three wild canid species, including red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), golden jackals (Canis aureus) and grey wolves (Canis lupus). Out of 110 samples (28 red foxes, 72 golden jackals, 10 wolves), 30 (27.3%) were positive for T. gondii DNA, of which 24 were genotyped (nine red foxes, 13 golden jackals and two wolves). The results showed a large dominance of lineage II (n = 20, 83.4%) over lineage III (n = 4, 16.7%) strains. Lineage II comprised four archetypes, 14 variants and one which remained undetermined, while within lineage III there were three archetypes and one variant strain. However, a notable difference in diversity was observed among the examined canids, with eight (88.9%) of the nine strains detected in red foxes distinct, vs. six (46.1%) distinct strains of the 13 detected in golden jackals. Since anthropogenic food sources are a major reservoir of archetypal lineage II and III T. gondii strains, the results suggest that the golden jackal may be outcompeting the red fox, forcing it to hunt wild mammals and birds for sustenance, thereby increasing its chances of infection with variant strains. In addition to presenting the first data on the T. gondii population structure in wild canids in Serbia, this is the first report ever on T. gondii genotypes in golden jackals, a species with an increasing presence in Europe and another important reservoir of domestically circulating T. gondii strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Uzelac
- Center of Excellence for Food- and Vector-borne Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Ivana Klun
- Center of Excellence for Food- and Vector-borne Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Duško Ćirović
- Department for Animal Ecology and Zoogeography, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Penezić
- Department for Animal Ecology and Zoogeography, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Ćirković
- Center of Excellence for Food- and Vector-borne Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Olgica Djurković-Djaković
- Center of Excellence for Food- and Vector-borne Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia.
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Lanszki J, Heltai M, Kövér G, Zalewski A. Non-linear relationship between body size of terrestrial carnivores and their trophic niche breadth and overlap. Basic Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Guimarães N, Bučko J, Urban P. The rise of a carnivore, the evolution of the presence of the golden jackal in Slovakia. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2019. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.046.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Guimarães
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica, 974 01 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; e-mail: ,
| | - Jozef Bučko
- National Forest Centre, Institute for Forest Resources and Information in Zvolen, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; e-mail:
| | - Peter Urban
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica, 974 01 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; e-mail: ,
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Akrim F, Mahmood T, Nadeem MS, Dhendup T, Fatima H, Andleeb S. Diet composition and niche overlap of two sympatric carnivores: Asiatic jackal Canis aureus and Kashmir hill fox Vulpes vulpesgriffithii, inhabiting Pir Lasura National Park, northeastern Himalayan region, Pakistan. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Akrim
- F. Akrim, T. Mahmood , H. Fatima and S. Andleeb, Dept of Wildlife Management, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture Univ., PK-46300 Rawalpindi, Pakistan. FA also at: Dept of Zoology, Univ. of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pak
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- M. S. Nadeem, Dept of Zoology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture Univ., Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid Nadeem
- M. S. Nadeem, Dept of Zoology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture Univ., Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Tashi Dhendup
- T. Dhendup, Wildlife Biology Program, Dept of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, College of Forestry and Conservation, Univ. of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA, and: Ugyen Wangchuvk Inst. for Conservation and Environmental Reserach, Bhumthang, Bhut
| | - Hira Fatima
- F. Akrim, T. Mahmood , H. Fatima and S. Andleeb, Dept of Wildlife Management, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture Univ., PK-46300 Rawalpindi, Pakistan. FA also at: Dept of Zoology, Univ. of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pak
| | - Shaista Andleeb
- F. Akrim, T. Mahmood , H. Fatima and S. Andleeb, Dept of Wildlife Management, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture Univ., PK-46300 Rawalpindi, Pakistan. FA also at: Dept of Zoology, Univ. of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pak
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Lanszki J, Nagyapáti N, Kurys A. Long-Term Changes in the Diet of the Red Fox in an Agricultural Area. MAMMAL STUDY 2018. [DOI: 10.3106/ms2018-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- József Lanszki
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Nagyapáti
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Anita Kurys
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
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Lanszki J, Hayward MW, Nagyapáti N. Feeding responses of the golden jackal after reduction of anthropogenic food subsidies. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208727. [PMID: 30532165 PMCID: PMC6286136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known of the resources that limit or promote the rapidly expanding golden jackal (Canis aureus) population in Europe. We hypothesised that in an area of intensive big game hunting, a reduction of the main food resource (human subsidised big game viscera) would result in dietary switching. We used multivariate analyses to test whether the dietary composition of 200 jackal stomachs varied between two 2-yearly survey occasions, the first without big game viscera removal (availability of 68 kg viscera/year/km2) followed by a period with viscera removal (minimum of 50 kg of viscera/year/km2 removed). The proportion of empty stomachs and the stomach wet content weight did not differ between the two periods. Even after the reduction of food subsidies, the primary food of jackals was viscera and carrion from wild ungulates (frequency of occurrence: 45% vs. 30%; wet weight: 55% vs. 29%, respectively), and scavenging was not affected by season or sex. Log-linear analysis of frequency data revealed no significant differences between survey occasions in consumption of either food type. MANCOVA of wet weight data revealed that in the first period with food subsidies jackals consumed a higher proportion of adult wild boar (11.6% vs. 1.3%; from predation or scavenging), while juvenile wild boar (0 vs. 11.8%; from predation or scavenging), domestic animals (0.8% vs. 6.2%; mostly from scavenging) and invertebrates (2.6% vs. 4.1%) increased in the second period. The stomachs in the second survey occasion contained more varied food items, but the trophic niche was not significantly wider. The feeding responses of this mesopredator to the reduction of food subsidies were less pronounced than expected. Because in high big game density areas, wild ungulate carrion from different mortality causes are available in high quantities throughout the year, predator populations can be maintained despite the high amount of viscera removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Lanszki
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - Matthew W. Hayward
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Nikolett Nagyapáti
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
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Tsunoda H, Ito K, Peeva S, Raichev E, Kaneko Y. Spatial and temporal separation between the golden jackal and three sympatric carnivores in a human-modified landscape in central Bulgaria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21658005.2018.1504406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kairi Ito
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stanislava Peeva
- Department of Agricuture, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Evgeniy Raichev
- Department of Agricuture, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Yayoi Kaneko
- Institute of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Canis aureus (Linnaeus, 1758), the golden jackal, is a medium-sized, wide spread, terrestrial carnivore. It is 1 of 7 species found in the genus Canis. It ranges from Africa to Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, and Southeast Asia. Due to its tolerance of dry habitats and its omnivorous diet, C. aureus can live in a wide variety of habitats. It normally lives in open grassland habitat but also occurs in deserts, woodlands, mangroves, and agricultural and rural habitats in India and Bangladesh. It ranges from sea level in Eritrea to 3,500 m in the Bale Mountains of Ethiopia and 2,000 m in India. C. aureus is listed as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Red List of Threatened Species version 2016.1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Virginia Hayssen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA
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Feizabadi HA, Naderi M, Ashrafi S, Hemami MR. Space Partitioning among Two Sympatric Species, Sand Cat (Felis margarita) and Rüppell's Fox (Vulpes rueppellii), in a Desert Landscape in Central Iran. POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2018.66.2.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Akbari Feizabadi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Naderi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - Sohrab Ashrafi
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Faculty of Natural Resources, Department of Environmental science and Engineering, University of Tehran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Hemami
- Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
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Lanszki J, Schally G, Heltai M, Ranc N. Golden jackal expansion in Europe: First telemetry evidence of a natal dispersal. Mamm Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Drouilly M, Nattrass N, O'Riain MJ. Dietary niche relationships among predators on farmland and a protected area. J Wildl Manage 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Drouilly
- Institute for Communities and Wildlife in Africa; Department of Biological Sciences; University of Cape Town, Upper Campus; Rondebosch 7700 South Africa
| | - Nicoli Nattrass
- Institute for Communities and Wildlife in Africa; Department of Biological Sciences and School of Economics; University of Cape Town, Upper Campus; Rondebosch 7700 South Africa
| | - M. Justin O'Riain
- Institute for Communities and Wildlife in Africa; Department of Biological Sciences; University of Cape Town, Upper Campus; Rondebosch 7700 South Africa
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Eddine A, Mostefai N, Smet KD, Klees D, Ansorge H, Karssene Y, Nowak C, Leer PVD. Diet composition of a Newly Recognized Canid Species, the African Golden Wolf (Canis anthus), in Northern Algeria. ANN ZOOL FENN 2017. [DOI: 10.5735/086.054.0506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Eddine
- Laboratory of water conservatory management soil and forest, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Tlemcen University, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Noureddine Mostefai
- Laboratory of water conservatory management soil and forest, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Tlemcen University, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Koen De Smet
- Society of North African Big Carnivores Stichting, Drabstraat 288, BE-2640 Mortsel, Belgium
| | - Dick Klees
- Society of North African Big Carnivores Stichting, Drabstraat 288, BE-2640 Mortsel, Belgium
| | - Hermann Ansorge
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History, D-02826 Görlitz, Germany
| | - Yamna Karssene
- Laboratory of Livestock and Wildlife, Arid Land Institute, Djorf Street, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Carsten Nowak
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Conservation Genetics Section, Clamecystrasse 12, D-63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Peter van der Leer
- Society of North African Big Carnivores Stichting, Drabstraat 288, BE-2640 Mortsel, Belgium
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Willebrand T, Willebrand S, Jahren T, Marcström V. Snow tracking reveals different foraging patterns of red foxes and pine martens. MAMMAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-017-0332-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Atickem A, Simeneh G, Bekele A, Mekonnen T, Sillero-Zubiri C, Hill RA, Stenseth NC. African wolf diet, predation on livestock and conflict in the Guassa mountains of Ethiopia. Afr J Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anagaw Atickem
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES); Department of Biosciences; University of Oslo; P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo Norway
- Department of Zoological Sciences; Addis Ababa University; P. O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
- Cognitive Ethology Laboratory; German Primate Center; Kellnerweg 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Getachew Simeneh
- Department of Zoological Sciences; Addis Ababa University; P. O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Afework Bekele
- Department of Zoological Sciences; Addis Ababa University; P. O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Tariku Mekonnen
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES); Department of Biosciences; University of Oslo; P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Claudio Sillero-Zubiri
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit; Zoology Department; University of Oxford; The Recanati-Kaplan centre, Tubney house Tubney OX13 5QL U.K
- IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group; The Recanati-Kaplan centre; Tubney house; Tubney OX13 5QL Oxford U.K
| | - Russell A. Hill
- Department of Anthropology; Durham University; Dawson Building; South Road Durham DH1 3LE U.K
| | - Nils Chr. Stenseth
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES); Department of Biosciences; University of Oslo; P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo Norway
- Department of Zoological Sciences; Addis Ababa University; P. O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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The high level of nutritional niche overlap between red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and sympatric golden jackal (Canis aureus) affects the body weight of juvenile foxes. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-017-1101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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43
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Tsunoda H, Raichev EG, Newman C, Masuda R, Georgiev DM, Kaneko Y. Food niche segregation between sympatric golden jackals and red foxes in central Bulgaria. J Zool (1987) 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Tsunoda
- Center for Environmental Science in Saitama; Kazo-shi Saitama Japan
| | - E. G. Raichev
- Department of Agricultural Science; Trakia University; Stara Zagora Bulgaria
| | - C. Newman
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit; Department of Zoology; The Recanati-Kaplan Centre; University of Oxford; Tubney UK
| | - R. Masuda
- Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - D. M. Georgiev
- Department of Agricultural Science; Trakia University; Stara Zagora Bulgaria
| | - Y. Kaneko
- Carnivore Ecology and Conservation Research Group; Faculty of Agriculture; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Fuchu-shi Tokyo Japan
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Farkas A, Bidló A, Bolodár-Varga B, Jánoska F. Accumulation of Metals in Liver Tissues of Sympatric Golden Jackal (Canis aureus) and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the Southern Part of Romania. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 98:513-520. [PMID: 28194481 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Several previous study results have already demonstrated that golden jackal and red fox may serve as biological indicators of trace elements and heavy metal concentrations in the various regions they inhabit. The aim of this study was to evaluate accumulation patterns of targeted elements (Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni and Pb) in liver samples of red foxes and golden jackals collected during the same period in the southern part of Romania. The accumulation patterns of trace elements in the livers of sympatric golden jackal and red fox were practically the same. To date, separate studies of the species individually in different habitats have shown that either of the species can be used for ecotoxicological and biomonitoring studies. Moreover, in general gender related studies, no significant differences in the concentrations of the investigated elements were found in either jackals or foxes. Also, average metal concentrations in liver samples do not show significant differences between groups under and above 12 months of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Farkas
- Roth Gyula Doctoral School of Forestry and Wildlife Management Sciences, University of West Hungary, Bajcsy-Zs. str. 4, Sopron, 9400, Hungary.
| | - András Bidló
- Faculty of Forestry, Institute of Environmental and Earth Sciences, University of West Hungary, Bajcsy-Zs. str. 4, Sopron, 9400, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Bolodár-Varga
- Faculty of Forestry, Institute of Environmental and Earth Sciences, University of West Hungary, Bajcsy-Zs. str. 4, Sopron, 9400, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Jánoska
- Faculty of Forestry, Institute of Wildlife Management and Vertebrate Zoology, University of West Hungary, Bajcsy-Zs. str. 4, Sopron, 9400, Hungary
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Romig T, Deplazes P, Jenkins D, Giraudoux P, Massolo A, Craig PS, Wassermann M, Takahashi K, de la Rue M. Ecology and Life Cycle Patterns of Echinococcus Species. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2017; 95:213-314. [PMID: 28131364 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The genus Echinococcus is composed of eight generally recognized species and one genotypic cluster (Echinococcus canadensis cluster) that may in future be resolved into one to three species. For each species, we review existing information on transmission routes and life cycles in different geographical contexts and - where available - include basic biological information of parasites and hosts (e.g., susceptibility of host species). While some Echinococcus spp. are transmitted in life cycles that involve predominantly domestic animals (e.g., dog - livestock cycles), others are wildlife parasites that do or do not interact with domestic transmission. In many cases, life cycle patterns of the same parasite species differ according to geography. Simple life cycles contrast with transmission patterns that are highly complex, involving multihost systems that may include both domestic and wild mammals. Wildlife transmission may be primary or secondary, i.e., resulting from spillovers from domestic animals. For most of the species and regions, existing information does not yet permit a conclusive description of transmission systems. Such data, however, would be highly relevant, e.g., for anticipation of geographical changes of the presence and frequency of these parasites in a warming world, or for initiating evidence-based control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Romig
- University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - P Deplazes
- University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Jenkins
- Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - P Giraudoux
- University of Franche-Comté and Institut Universitaire de France, Besancon, France
| | - A Massolo
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - P S Craig
- University of Salford, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - M de la Rue
- University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria RS, Brazil
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Lanszki J, Kurys A, Szabó L, Nagyapáti N, Porter LB, Heltai M. Diet composition of the golden jackal and the sympatric red fox in an agricultural area (Hungary). FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v65.i4.a3.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- József Lanszki
- Kaposvár University, Carnivore Ecology Research Group, P.O. Box 16, 7401 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Anita Kurys
- Kaposvár University, Carnivore Ecology Research Group, P.O. Box 16, 7401 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - László Szabó
- Szent István University, Institute for Wildlife Conservation, Páter Károly Str. 1, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Nagyapáti
- Kaposvár University, Carnivore Ecology Research Group, P.O. Box 16, 7401 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Laura B. Porter
- Bangor University, College of Natural Sciences, Gwynedd, LL57 2DG Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Miklós Heltai
- Szent István University, Institute for Wildlife Conservation, Páter Károly Str. 1, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
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47
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Costa TM, Silva NFS, Willemart RH. Prey capture behavior in three Neotropical armored harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). J ETHOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10164-016-0464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Márton M, Markolt F, Szabó L, Kozák L, Lanszki J, Patkó L, Heltai M. Den site selection of the European badger,Meles melesand the red fox,Vulpes vulpesin Hungary. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v65.i1.a1.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Márton
- Institute for Wildlife Conservation, Szent István University, 1 Páter Károly, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;,
| | - Ferenc Markolt
- Institute for Wildlife Conservation, Szent István University, 1 Páter Károly, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;,
| | - László Szabó
- Institute for Wildlife Conservation, Szent István University, 1 Páter Károly, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;,
| | - Lajos Kozák
- University of Debrecen, Department for Nature Conservation, Zoology and Game Management, 138th Böszörményi street, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Lanszki
- Kaposvár University, Department of Nature Conservation, 40 Guba Sándor street, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - László Patkó
- Institute for Wildlife Conservation, Szent István University, 1 Páter Károly, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;,
| | - Miklós Heltai
- Institute for Wildlife Conservation, Szent István University, 1 Páter Károly, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;,
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49
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Aleksandra P, Duško Ć. Seasonal variation in diet of the golden jackal (Canis aureus) in Serbia. MAMMAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-015-0241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Lanszki J, Kurys A, Heltai M, Csányi S, Ács K. Diet Composition of the Golden Jackal in an Area of Intensive Big Game Management. ANN ZOOL FENN 2015. [DOI: 10.5735/086.052.0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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