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Sheng X, Zhang C, Zhao J, Xu J, Zhang P, Ding Q, Zhang J. Microvascular destabilization and intricated network of the cytokines in diabetic retinopathy: from the perspective of cellular and molecular components. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:85. [PMID: 38937783 PMCID: PMC11212265 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Microvascular destabilization is the primary cause of the inner blood-retinal barrier (iBRB) breakdown and increased vascular leakage in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Microvascular destabilization results from the combinational effects of increased levels of growth factors and cytokines, involvement of inflammation, and the changed cell-to-cell interactions, especially the loss of endothelial cells and pericytes, due to hyperglycemia and hypoxia. As the manifestation of microvascular destabilization, the fluid transports via paracellular and transcellular routes increase due to the disruption of endothelial intercellular junctional complexes and/or the altered caveolar transcellular transport across the retinal vascular endothelium. With diabetes progression, the functional and the structural changes of the iBRB components, including the cellular and noncellular components, further facilitate and aggravate microvascular destabilization, resulting in macular edema, the neuroretinal damage and the dysfunction of retinal inner neurovascular unit (iNVU). Although there have been considerable recent advances towards a better understanding of the complex cellular and molecular network underlying the microvascular destabilization, some still remain to be fully elucidated. Recent data indicate that targeting the intricate signaling pathways may allow to against the microvascular destabilization. Therefore, efforts have been made to better clarify the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in the microvascular destabilization in DR. In this review, we discuss: (1) the brief introduction of DR and microvascular destabilization; (2) the cellular and molecular components of iBRB and iNVU, and the breakdown of iBRB; (3) the matrix and cell-to-cell contacts to maintain microvascular stabilization, including the endothelial glycocalyx, basement membrane, and various cell-cell interactions; (4) the molecular mechanisms mediated cell-cell contacts and vascular cell death; (5) the altered cytokines and signaling pathways as well as the intricate network of the cytokines involved in microvascular destabilization. This comprehensive review aimed to provide the insights for microvascular destabilization by targeting the key molecules or specific iBRB cells, thus restoring the function and structure of iBRB and iNVU, to treat DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Sheng
- People's Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- People's Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiwei Zhao
- People's Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianping Xu
- People's Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- People's Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Quanju Ding
- People's Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- The International Eye Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China.
- C-MER (Shenzhen) Dennis Lam Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- C-MER International Eye Care Group, C-MER Dennis Lam & Partners Eye Center, Hong Kong, China.
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2
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Peng J, Tang R, He J, Yu Q, Wang D, Qi D. S1PR3 inhibition protects against LPS-induced ARDS by inhibiting NF-κB and improving mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. J Transl Med 2024; 22:535. [PMID: 38840216 PMCID: PMC11151509 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and endothelial barrier dysfunction are the major pathophysiological changes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1PR3), a G protein-coupled receptor, has been found to mediate inflammation and endothelial cell (EC) integrity. However, the function of S1PR3 in ARDS has not been fully elucidated. METHODS We used a murine lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS model and an LPS- stimulated ECs model to investigate the role of S1PR3 in anti-inflammatory effects and endothelial barrier protection during ARDS. RESULTS We found that S1PR3 expression was increased in the lung tissues of mice with LPS-induced ARDS. TY-52156, a selective S1PR3 inhibitor, effectively attenuated LPS-induced inflammation by suppressing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and restored the endothelial barrier by repairing adherens junctions and reducing vascular leakage. S1PR3 inhibition was achieved by an adeno-associated virus in vivo and a small interfering RNA in vitro. Both the in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that pharmacological or genetic inhibition of S1PR3 protected against ARDS by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and improving mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS S1PR3 inhibition protects against LPS-induced ARDS via suppression of pulmonary inflammation and promotion of the endothelial barrier by inhibiting NF-κB and improving mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, indicating that S1PR3 is a potential therapeutic target for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.76 Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Zhang J, Yao Z. Immune cell trafficking: a novel perspective on the gut-skin axis. Inflamm Regen 2024; 44:21. [PMID: 38654394 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune cell trafficking, an essential mechanism for maintaining immunological homeostasis and mounting effective responses to infections, operates under a stringent regulatory framework. Recent advances have shed light on the perturbation of cell migration patterns, highlighting how such disturbances can propagate inflammatory diseases from their origin to distal organs. This review collates and discusses current evidence that demonstrates atypical communication between the gut and skin, which are conventionally viewed as distinct immunological spheres, in the milieu of inflammation. We focus on the aberrant, reciprocal translocation of immune cells along the gut-skin axis as a pivotal factor linking intestinal and dermatological inflammatory conditions. Recognizing that the translation of these findings into clinical practices is nascent, we suggest that therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the axis may offer substantial benefits in mitigating the widespread impact of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Zhang
- Dermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Yao
- Dermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Prasad VP, Wagner S, Keul P, Hermann S, Levkau B, Schäfers M, Haufe G. Synthesis, radiosynthesis and biochemical evaluation of fluorinated analogues of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 specific antagonists using PET. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 104:117697. [PMID: 38599005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate and its receptors (S1PRs) are involved in several diseases such as auto immunity, inflammation and cardiovascular disorders. The S1P analogue fingolimod (Gilenya®) is currently in use for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. S1PRs are also promising targets for clinical molecular imaging in vivo. The organ distribution of individual S1PRs can be potentially achieved by using S1PR subtype-specific (radiolabeled) chemical probes. Here, we report our efforts on synthesis and in vivo potency determination of new ligands for the S1P receptor 3 (S1P3) based on the S1P3 antagonist TY-52156 and in validation of a potential imaging tracer in vivo using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) after 18F-labelling. A p-fluorophenyl derivative exhibited excellent S1P3 antagonist activity in vitro, good serum stability, and medium lipophilicity. In vivo biodistribution experiments using 18F-PET exhibited significant uptake in the myocardium suggesting potential applications in cardiac imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vysakh Puspha Prasad
- Organic Chemistry Institute, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany; NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Petra Keul
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Multiscale Imaging Centre, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany; European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Multiscale Imaging Centre, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Günter Haufe
- Organic Chemistry Institute, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany; NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany; European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Multiscale Imaging Centre, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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5
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Zhang M, Chen T, Lu X, Lan X, Chen Z, Lu S. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs): advances in structures, mechanisms, and drug discovery. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:88. [PMID: 38594257 PMCID: PMC11004190 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01803-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of human membrane proteins and an important class of drug targets, play a role in maintaining numerous physiological processes. Agonist or antagonist, orthosteric effects or allosteric effects, and biased signaling or balanced signaling, characterize the complexity of GPCR dynamic features. In this study, we first review the structural advancements, activation mechanisms, and functional diversity of GPCRs. We then focus on GPCR drug discovery by revealing the detailed drug-target interactions and the underlying mechanisms of orthosteric drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in the past five years. Particularly, an up-to-date analysis is performed on available GPCR structures complexed with synthetic small-molecule allosteric modulators to elucidate key receptor-ligand interactions and allosteric mechanisms. Finally, we highlight how the widespread GPCR-druggable allosteric sites can guide structure- or mechanism-based drug design and propose prospects of designing bitopic ligands for the future therapeutic potential of targeting this receptor family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Peptide & Protein Drug Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
- Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xun Lu
- Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaobing Lan
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Peptide & Protein Drug Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ziqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Peptide & Protein Drug Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
- Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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6
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Ti R, Pang B, Yu L, Gan B, Ma W, Warshel A, Ren R, Zhu L. Fine-tuning activation specificity of G-protein-coupled receptors via automated path searching. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317893121. [PMID: 38346183 PMCID: PMC10895267 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317893121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Physics-based simulation methods can grant atomistic insights into the molecular origin of the function of biomolecules. However, the potential of such approaches has been hindered by their low efficiency, including in the design of selective agonists where simulations of myriad protein-ligand combinations are necessary. Here, we describe an automated input-free path searching protocol that offers (within 14 d using Graphics Processing Unit servers) a minimum free energy path (MFEP) defined in high-dimension configurational space for activating sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) by arbitrary ligands. The free energy distributions along the MFEP for four distinct ligands and three S1PRs reached a remarkable agreement with Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) measurements of G-protein dissociation. In particular, the revealed transition state structures pointed out toward two S1PR3 residues F263/I284, that dictate the preference of existing agonists CBP307 and BAF312 on S1PR1/5. Swapping these residues between S1PR1 and S1PR3 reversed their response to the two agonists in BRET assays. These results inspired us to design improved agonists with both strong polar head and bulky hydrophobic tail for higher selectivity on S1PR1. Through merely three in silico iterations, our tool predicted a unique compound scaffold. BRET assays confirmed that both chiral forms activate S1PR1 at nanomolar concentration, 1 to 2 orders of magnitude less than those for S1PR3/5. Collectively, these results signify the promise of our approach in fine agonist design for G-protein-coupled receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujuan Ti
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Bin Pang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Leiye Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Bing Gan
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Wenzhuo Ma
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Arieh Warshel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Ruobing Ren
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lizhe Zhu
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
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7
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Zheng S, Wang H, Han J, Dai X, Lv Y, Sun T, Liu H. Microbiota-derived imidazole propionate inhibits type 2 diabetic skin wound healing by targeting SPNS2-mediated S1P transport. iScience 2023; 26:108092. [PMID: 37876799 PMCID: PMC10590984 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidazole propionate (ImP) is a recently discovered metabolite of T2DM-related gut microbiota. The effect of ImP on T2DM wound healing has not been studied yet. In this research, the changes of ImP-producing bacteria on the skin are firstly evaluated. 16sRNA sequencing results showed that the abundance of ImP-producing bacteria-Streptococcus in the intestine and skin of T2DM mice is significantly increased. Animal experiments show that ImP can inhibit the process of wound healing and inhibit the formation of blood vessels in the process of wound healing. Molecular mechanism research results show that ImP can inhibit S1P secretion mediated by SPNS2, and inhibit the activation of Rho signaling pathway, thereby affecting the angiogenesis process of HUVEC cells. This work also provides a potential drug HMPA that promotes T2DM wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingxia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
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8
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Tang H, Li H, Prakaash D, Pedebos C, Qiu X, Sauer DB, Khalid S, Duerr K, Robinson CV. The solute carrier SPNS2 recruits PI(4,5)P 2 to synergistically regulate transport of sphingosine-1-phosphate. Mol Cell 2023; 83:2739-2752.e5. [PMID: 37499662 PMCID: PMC10790328 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Solute carrier spinster homolog 2 (SPNS2), one of only four known major facilitator superfamily (MFS) lysolipid transporters in humans, exports sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) across cell membranes. Here, we explore the synergistic effects of lipid binding and conformational dynamics on SPNS2's transport mechanism. Using mass spectrometry, we discovered that SPNS2 interacts preferentially with PI(4,5)P2. Together with functional studies and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we identified potential PI(4,5)P2 binding sites. Mutagenesis of proposed lipid binding sites and inhibition of PI(4,5)P2 synthesis reduce S1P transport, whereas the absence of the N terminus renders the transporter essentially inactive. Probing the conformational dynamics of SPNS2, we show how synergistic binding of PI(4,5)P2 and S1P facilitates transport, increases dynamics of the extracellular gate, and stabilizes the intracellular gate. Given that SPNS2 transports a key signaling lipid, our results have implications for therapeutic targeting and also illustrate a regulatory mechanism for MFS transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Huanyu Li
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Dheeraj Prakaash
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Conrado Pedebos
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Xingyu Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - David B Sauer
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Syma Khalid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Katharina Duerr
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK; OMass Therapeutics, Ltd., Oxford OX4 2GX, UK
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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Kiyozuka K, Zhao X, Konishi A, Minamishima YA, Obinata H. Apolipoprotein M supports S1P production and conservation and mediates prolonged Akt activation via S1PR1 and S1PR3. J Biochem 2023; 174:253-266. [PMID: 37098187 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is one of the lipid mediators involved in diverse physiological functions. S1P circulates in blood and lymph bound to carrier proteins. Three S1P carrier proteins have been reported, albumin, apolipoprotein M (ApoM) and apolipoprotein A4 (ApoA4). The carrier-bound S1P exerts its functions via specific S1P receptors (S1PR1-5) on target cells. Previous studies showed several differences in physiological functions between albumin-bound S1P and ApoM-bound S1P. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the carrier-dependent differences have not been clarified. In addition, ApoA4 is a recently identified S1P carrier protein, and its functional differences from albumin and ApoM have not been addressed. Here, we compared the three carrier proteins in the processes of S1P degradation, release from S1P-producing cells and receptor activation. ApoM retained S1P more stable than albumin and ApoA4 in the cell culture medium when compared in the equimolar amounts. ApoM facilitated theS1P release from endothelial cells most efficiently. Furthermore, ApoM-bound S1P showed a tendency to induce prolonged activation of Akt via S1PR1 and S1PR3. These results suggest that the carrier-dependent functional differences of S1P are partly ascribed to the differences in the S1P stability, S1P-releasing efficiency and signaling duration.
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Key Words
- Apolipoprotein A4
- Apolipoprotein M
- LC–MS/MS
- Sphingosine 1-phosphate.Abbreviations: ApoA4, Apolipoprotein A4; ApoM, Apolipoprotein M; CHO, Chinese hamster ovary; ERK, Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; LC–MS/MS, Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry; LPP, Lipid phosphate phosphatase; Mfsd2b, Multiple facilitator superfamily domain containing 2B; PBS, Phosphate-buffered saline; S1P, Sphingosine 1-phosphate; S1PR1, Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1; S1PR3, Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3; SphK, Sphingosine kinase; Spns2, Spinster homolog 2; TBS-T, Tris-buffed saline containing 0.1% Tween20
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kiyozuka
- Department of Biochemistry, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Konishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yoji Andrew Minamishima
- Department of Biochemistry, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hideru Obinata
- Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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10
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Shi M, Tang C, Wu JX, Ji BW, Gong BM, Wu XH, Wang X. Mass Spectrometry Detects Sphingolipid Metabolites for Discovery of New Strategy for Cancer Therapy from the Aspect of Programmed Cell Death. Metabolites 2023; 13:867. [PMID: 37512574 PMCID: PMC10384871 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, a type of bioactive lipid, play crucial roles within cells, serving as integral components of membranes and exhibiting strong signaling properties that have potential therapeutic implications in anti-cancer treatments. However, due to the diverse group of lipids and intricate mechanisms, sphingolipids still face challenges in enhancing the efficacy of different therapy approaches. In recent decades, mass spectrometry has made significant advancements in uncovering sphingolipid biomarkers and elucidating their impact on cancer development, progression, and resistance. Primary sphingolipids, such as ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate, exhibit contrasting roles in regulating cancer cell death and survival. The evasion of cell death is a characteristic hallmark of cancer cells, leading to treatment failure and a poor prognosis. The escape initiates with long-established apoptosis and extends to other programmed cell death (PCD) forms when patients experience chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or immunotherapy. Gradually, supportive evidence has uncovered the fundamental molecular mechanisms underlying various forms of PCD leading to the development of innovative molecular, genetic, and pharmacological tools that specifically target sphingolipid signaling nodes. In this study, we provide a comprehensive overview of the sphingolipid biomarkers revealed through mass spectrometry in recent decades, as well as an in-depth analysis of the six main forms of PCD (apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis) in aspects of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and tumor response to treatments. We review the corresponding small-molecule compounds associated with these processes and their potential implications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chao Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jia-Xing Wu
- SINO-SWISS Institute of Advanced Technology, School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bao-Wei Ji
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bao-Ming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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11
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Terlizzi M, Colarusso C, Ferraro G, Falanga A, Monti MC, Somma P, De Rosa I, Panico L, Pinto A, Sorrentino R. Sex Differences in Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Levels Are Dependent on Ceramide Synthase 1 and Ceramidase in Lung Physiology and Tumor Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10841. [PMID: 37446018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex is a biological variable that can reflect clinical outcomes in terms of quality of life, therapy effectiveness, responsiveness and/or toxicity. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipidic mediator whose activity can be influenced by sex. To evaluate whether the S1P axis underlies sex 'instructions' in the lung during physiological and oncological lung conditions, sphingosine and S1P were quantified in the blood of healthy (H) volunteers, lung adenocarcinoma (ADK) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients of both sexes. S1P receptors and their metabolic enzymes were evaluated in the tissues. Circulating levels of S1P were similar among H female and male subjects and female SCC patients. Instead, male and female ADK patients had lower circulating S1P levels. S1P receptor 3 (S1PR3) was physiologically expressed in the lung, but it was overexpressed in male SCC, and female and male ADK, but not in female SCC patients, who showed a significantly reduced ceramide synthase 1 (CERS1) mRNA and an overexpression of the ceramidase (ASAH1) precursor in lung tumor tissues, compared to male SCC and both male and female ADK patients. These findings highlighted sex differences in S1P rheostat in pathological conditions, but not in physiological conditions, identifying S1P as a prognostic mediator depending on lung cancer histotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Terlizzi
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Chiara Colarusso
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Giusy Ferraro
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Anna Falanga
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Pasquale Somma
- Anatomy and Pathology Unit, Ospedale dei Colli, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale (AORN), "Monaldi", 84131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria De Rosa
- Anatomy and Pathology Unit, Ospedale dei Colli, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale (AORN), "Monaldi", 84131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Panico
- Anatomy and Pathology Unit, Ospedale dei Colli, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale (AORN), "Monaldi", 84131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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12
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Chen H, Ahmed S, Zhao H, Elghobashi-Meinhardt N, Dai Y, Kim JH, McDonald JG, Li X, Lee CH. Structural and functional insights into Spns2-mediated transport of sphingosine-1-phosphate. Cell 2023; 186:2644-2655.e16. [PMID: 37224812 PMCID: PMC10330195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an important signaling sphingolipid that regulates the immune system, angiogenesis, auditory function, and epithelial and endothelial barrier integrity. Spinster homolog 2 (Spns2) is an S1P transporter that exports S1P to initiate lipid signaling cascades. Modulating Spns2 activity can be beneficial in treatments of cancer, inflammation, and immune diseases. However, the transport mechanism of Spns2 and its inhibition remain unclear. Here, we present six cryo-EM structures of human Spns2 in lipid nanodiscs, including two functionally relevant intermediate conformations that link the inward- and outward-facing states, to reveal the structural basis of the S1P transport cycle. Functional analyses suggest that Spns2 exports S1P via facilitated diffusion, a mechanism distinct from other MFS lipid transporters. Finally, we show that the Spns2 inhibitor 16d attenuates the transport activity by locking Spns2 in the inward-facing state. Our work sheds light on Spns2-mediated S1P transport and aids the development of advanced Spns2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shahbaz Ahmed
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Hongtu Zhao
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | | | - Yaxin Dai
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jae Hun Kim
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Chia-Hsueh Lee
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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13
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Cui L, Li C, Zhang G, Zhang L, Yao G, Zhuo Y, Cui N, Zhang S. S1P/S1PR2 promote pancreatic stellate cell activation and pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis by regulating autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 380:110541. [PMID: 37169277 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid molecule that governs various functions by embedding its receptor, S1PR, in different cells. Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by pancreatic fibrosis via activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). However, the effect of S1P on CP and PSC activation is still unknown. Here, we conducted a series of experiments to explore the effect of S1P on a CP rat model and primary cultured PSCs. In vivo, CP was induced by intravenous injection of dibutyltin dichloride. S1P was administered at a dosage of 200 μg/kg body weight per day by intraperitoneal injection. After 4 weeks, serum, plasma and pancreas samples were collected for molecular analysis and histological detection. In vitro, PSCs were isolated and cultured for treatment with different doses of S1P. 3 MA and MCC950 were used to determine the effect of S1P on PSC activation by regulating autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome. JTE013 and Si-S1PR2 were applied to verify that the functions of S1P were realized by combining with S1PR2. Cells were collected for RT‒PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. The results showed that S1P was increased in the plasma and pancreatic tissue of CP rats. When S1P was administered to CP rats, the function and histomorphology of the pancreas were severely impaired. In addition, S1P promoted PSC activation, heightened autophagy and enhanced the NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, S1PR2 mediated the effect of S1P on PSC activation by regulating autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome sequentially. In conclusion, S1P binding to S1PR2 promoted PSC activation and pancreatic fibrosis in CP by regulating autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome. These findings provide a theoretical basis for targeting S1P/S1PR2 to treat pancreatic fibrosis and further suggest that considering the role of autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome may help with the treatment pancreatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China.
| | - Caixia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Guixian Zhang
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Lanqiu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Guowang Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhuo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Naiqiang Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Shukun Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Nankai Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China.
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14
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Stewart CM, Bo Y, Fu K, Chan M, Kozak R, Apperley KYP, Laroche G, Daniel R, Beauchemin AM, Kobinger G, Kobasa D, Côté M. Sphingosine Kinases Promote Ebola Virus Infection and Can Be Targeted to Inhibit Filoviruses, Coronaviruses, and Arenaviruses Using Late Endocytic Trafficking to Enter Cells. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1064-1077. [PMID: 37053583 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Entry of enveloped viruses in host cells requires the fusion of viral and host cell membranes, a process that is facilitated by viral fusion proteins protruding from the viral envelope. These viral fusion proteins need to be triggered by host factors, and for some viruses, this event occurs inside endosomes and/or lysosomes. Consequently, these 'late-penetrating viruses' must be internalized and delivered to entry-conducive intracellular vesicles. Because endocytosis and vesicular trafficking are tightly regulated cellular processes, late-penetrating viruses also depend on specific host proteins for efficient delivery to the site of fusion, suggesting that these could be targeted for antiviral therapy. In this study, we investigated a role for sphingosine kinases (SKs) in viral entry and found that chemical inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) and/or SK2 and knockdown of SK1/2 inhibited entry of Ebola virus (EBOV) into host cells. Mechanistically, inhibition of SK1/2 prevented EBOV from reaching late-endosomes and lysosomes that contain the EBOV receptor, Niemann Pick C1 (NPC1). Furthermore, we present evidence that suggests that the trafficking defect caused by SK1/2 inhibition occurs independently of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling through cell-surface S1P receptors. Lastly, we found that chemical inhibition of SK1/2 prevents entry of other late-penetrating viruses, including arenaviruses and coronaviruses, and inhibits infection by replication-competent EBOV and SARS-CoV-2 in Huh7.5 cells. In sum, our results highlight an important role played by SK1/2 in endocytic trafficking, which can be targeted to inhibit entry of late-penetrating viruses and could serve as a starting point for the development of broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina M Stewart
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Yuxia Bo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Kathy Fu
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Mable Chan
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Robert Kozak
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Kim Yang-Ping Apperley
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Geneviève Laroche
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Redaet Daniel
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - André M Beauchemin
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Gary Kobinger
- Galveston National Laboratory, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77550, United States
| | - Darwyn Kobasa
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Marceline Côté
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
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15
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Chen H, Qin Y, Chou M, Cyster JG, Li X. Transmembrane protein CD69 acts as an S1PR1 agonist. eLife 2023; 12:e88204. [PMID: 37039481 PMCID: PMC10154026 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) by S1P promotes lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs, a process critical for immune surveillance and T cell effector activity. Multiple drugs that inhibit S1PR1 function are in use clinically for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Cluster of Differentiation 69 (CD69) is an endogenous negative regulator of lymphocyte egress that interacts with S1PR1 in cis to facilitate internalization and degradation of the receptor. The mechanism by which CD69 causes S1PR1 internalization has been unclear. Moreover, although there are numerous class A GPCR structures determined with different small molecule agonists bound, it remains unknown whether a transmembrane protein per se can act as a class A GPCR agonist. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of CD69-bound S1PR1 coupled to the heterotrimeric Gi complex. The transmembrane helix (TM) of one protomer of CD69 homodimer contacts the S1PR1-TM4. This interaction allosterically induces the movement of S1PR1-TMs 5-6, directly activating the receptor to engage the heterotrimeric Gi. Mutations in key residues at the interface affect the interactions between CD69 and S1PR1, as well as reduce the receptor internalization. Thus, our structural findings along with functional analyses demonstrate that CD69 acts in cis as a protein agonist of S1PR1, thereby promoting Gi-dependent S1PR1 internalization, loss of S1P gradient sensing, and inhibition of lymphocyte egress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUnited States
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUnited States
| | - Marissa Chou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Jason G Cyster
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUnited States
- Department of Biophysics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUnited States
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16
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Kandjani OJ, Yaqoubi S, Vahdati SS, Borhannejad B, Dastmalchi S, Alizadeh AA. S1PR1 modulators in multiple sclerosis: Efficacy, safety, comparison, and chemical structure insights. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115182. [PMID: 36758307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease that leads to severe physical and cognitive disabilities. Drugs used in the treatment of MS vary from small synthetic molecules to large macromolecules such as antibodies. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators are frequently used for the treatment of MS. These medicines prevent the egress of lymphocytes from secondary lymphoid organs leading to immune system suppression. Currently, four S1PR modulators are on the market and several potential drug candidates are in clinical trials for the treatment of MS. These compounds differ in chemical structure, adverse effects, and efficacy points of view. The current article reviews the latest studies on S1PR1 modulators and compares them with other MS drugs in terms of efficacy, tolerability, and safety. A special focus was dedicated to discussing the structure-activity relationships of these compounds and performing a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) analysis to gain better insight into the ligand-receptor interaction mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Jamshidi Kandjani
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Parmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shadi Yaqoubi
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Shams Vahdati
- Emergency and Trauma Care Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnam Borhannejad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, POBOX:99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Ali Akbar Alizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Epigenetic Regulation Mediated by Sphingolipids in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065294. [PMID: 36982369 PMCID: PMC10048860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes are heritable modifications that do not directly affect the DNA sequence. In cancer cells, the maintenance of a stable epigenetic profile can be crucial to support survival and proliferation, and said profile can differ significantly from that of healthy cells. The epigenetic profile of a cancer cell can be modulated by several factors, including metabolites. Recently, sphingolipids have emerged as novel modulators of epigenetic changes. Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate have become well known in cancer due to activating anti-tumour and pro-tumour signalling pathways, respectively, and they have recently been shown to also induce several epigenetic modifications connected to cancer growth. Additionally, acellular factors in the tumour microenvironment, such as hypoxia and acidosis, are now recognised as crucial in promoting aggressiveness through several mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications. Here, we review the existing literature on sphingolipids, cancer, and epigenetic changes, with a focus on the interaction between these elements and components of the chemical tumour microenvironment.
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18
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Lee J, Lester R, O'Reilly T, Lowe ER, Slatkin NE, Franklin H, Israel RJ. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Design Thorough QT Study With a Nested Crossover to Compare the Cardiac Safety of Amiselimod With Placebo and Positive Control in Healthy Volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2023; 12:236-248. [PMID: 36708138 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This double-blind study evaluated the cardiac safety of amiselimod. Healthy adults (n = 190) were randomized (2:1:1) to receive (1) oral placebo (day -1), followed by oral amiselimod (days 1-26), which was upwardly titrated from 0.4 to 1.6 mg once daily to achieve steady-state concentrations comparable with 0.4 (therapeutic) and 0.8 mg (supratherapeutic) once daily, and placebo (day 27); (2) placebo (day -1), oral moxifloxacin 400 mg (day 1; positive control), followed by placebo (days 1-27); or (3) placebo (days -1 to 26), followed by moxifloxacin 400 mg (day 27). No participant had a corrected QT interval by Fredericia (QTcF) >500 milliseconds or a change from baseline (dQTcF) >60 milliseconds. The upper limits of the 90%CIs for the differences in least-squares mean difference in dQTcF between amiselimod and placebo on days 13 and 26 were <10 milliseconds. Area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 23.5 hours after dosing and maximum plasma concentration of amiselimod and amiselimod-P (active metabolite) at steady-state concentrations for the 0.8-mg dose on day 26 were approximately double that observed with the 0.4-mg dose on day 13. All adverse events were mild to moderate in severity, and no deaths occurred. Amiselimod did not have any clinically relevant effect on the QTcF interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Lee
- Bausch Health US, LLC, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Ezra R Lowe
- Bausch Health US, LLC, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA
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19
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Chen H, Qin Y, Chou M, Cyster JG, Li X. Transmembrane protein CD69 acts as an S1PR1 agonist. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.13.528406. [PMID: 36824756 PMCID: PMC9949048 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.13.528406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The activation of Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) by S1P promotes lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs, a process critical for immune surveillance and T cell effector activity 1-4 . Multiple drugs that inhibit S1PR1 function are in use clinically for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Cluster of Differentiation 69 (CD69) is an endogenous negative regulator of lymphocyte egress that interacts with S1PR1 in cis to facilitate internalization and degradation of the receptor 5,6 . The mechanism by which CD69 causes S1PR1 internalization has been unclear. Moreover, although there are numerous class A GPCR structures determined with different small molecule agonists bound, it remains unknown whether a transmembrane protein per se can act as a class A GPCR agonist. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of CD69-bound S1PR1 coupled to the heterotrimeric G i complex. The transmembrane helix (TM) of one protomer of CD69 homodimer contacts the S1PR1-TM4. This interaction allosterically induces the movement of S1PR1-TMs 5-6, directly activating the receptor to engage the heterotrimeric G i . Mutations in key residues at the interface affect the interactions between CD69 and S1PR1, as well as reduce the receptor internalization. Thus, our structural findings along with functional analyses demonstrate that CD69 acts in cis as a protein agonist of S1PR1, thereby promoting G i -dependent S1PR1 internalization, loss of S1P gradient sensing, and inhibition of lymphocyte egress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Marissa Chou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jason G. Cyster
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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20
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Chen S, Paul MR, Sterner CJ, Belka GK, Wang D, Xu P, Sreekumar A, Pan TC, Pant DK, Makhlin I, DeMichele A, Mesaros C, Chodosh LA. PAQR8 promotes breast cancer recurrence and confers resistance to multiple therapies. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:1. [PMID: 36597146 PMCID: PMC9811758 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-022-01559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer mortality is principally due to recurrent disease that becomes resistant to therapy. We recently identified copy number (CN) gain of the putative membrane progesterone receptor PAQR8 as one of four focal CN alterations that preferentially occurred in recurrent metastatic tumors compared to primary tumors in breast cancer patients. Whether PAQR8 plays a functional role in cancer is unknown. Notably, PAQR8 CN gain in recurrent tumors was mutually exclusive with activating ESR1 mutations in patients treated with anti-estrogen therapies and occurred in > 50% of both patients treated with anti-estrogen therapies and those treated with chemotherapy or anti-Her2 agents. METHODS We used orthotopic mouse models to determine whether PAQR8 overexpression or deletion alters breast cancer dormancy or recurrence following therapy. In vitro studies, including assays for colony formation, cell viability, and relative cell fitness, were employed to identify effects of PAQR8 in the context of therapy. Cell survival and proliferation were quantified by immunofluorescence staining for markers of apoptosis and proliferation. Sphingolipids were quantified by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. RESULTS We show that PAQR8 is necessary and sufficient for efficient mammary tumor recurrence in mice, spontaneously upregulated and CN gained in recurrent tumors that arise following therapy in multiple mouse models, and associated with poor survival following recurrence as well as poor overall survival in breast cancer patients. PAQR8 promoted resistance to therapy by enhancing tumor cell survival following estrogen receptor pathway inhibition by fulvestrant or estrogen deprivation, Her2 pathway blockade by lapatinib or Her2 downregulation, and treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. Pro-survival effects of PAQR8 were mediated by a Gi protein-dependent reduction in cAMP levels, did not require progesterone, and involved a PAQR8-dependent decrease in ceramide levels and increase in sphingosine-1-phosphate levels, suggesting that PAQR8 may possess ceramidase activity. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide in vivo evidence that PAQR8 plays a functional role in cancer, implicate PAQR8, cAMP, and ceramide metabolism in breast cancer recurrence, and identify a novel mechanism that may commonly contribute to the acquisition of treatment resistance in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Chen
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Matt R. Paul
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Christopher J. Sterner
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - George K. Belka
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Dezhen Wang
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Peining Xu
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Amulya Sreekumar
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Tien-chi Pan
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Dhruv K. Pant
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Igor Makhlin
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Angela DeMichele
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Lewis A. Chodosh
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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21
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Gut immune cell trafficking: inter-organ communication and immune-mediated inflammation. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:50-64. [PMID: 35945456 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00663-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immune cell trafficking is a complex and tightly regulated process that is indispensable for the body's fight against pathogens. However, it is also increasingly acknowledged that dysregulation of cell trafficking contributes to the pathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) in gastroenterology and hepatology, such as inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Moreover, altered cell trafficking has also been implicated as a crucial step in the immunopathogenesis of other IMIDs, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Over the past few years, a central role of the gut in mediating these disorders has progressively emerged, and the partly microbiota-driven imprinting of particular cell trafficking phenotypes in the intestine seems to be crucially involved. Therefore, this Review highlights achievements in understanding immune cell trafficking to, within and from the intestine and delineates its consequences for immune-mediated pathology along the gut-liver, gut-joint and gut-brain axes. We also discuss implications for current and future therapeutic approaches that specifically interfere with homing, retention, egress and recirculation of immune cells.
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Yan H, Zhao H, Yi SW, Zhuang H, Wang DW, Jiang JG, Shen GF. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Protects Against the Development of Cardiac Remodeling via Sphingosine Kinase 2 and the S1PR2/ERK Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:702-710. [PMID: 35963947 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac remodeling is a common pathological change in various cardiovascular diseases and can ultimately result in heart failure. Thus, there is an urgent need for more effective strategies to aid in cardiac protection. Our previous work found that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) could ameliorate cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether S1P could prevent cardiac fibrosis and the associated mechanisms in cardiac remodeling. METHODS Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a sham, transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or a TAC+S1P treatment group. RESULTS We found that S1P treatment improved cardiac function in TAC mice and that the cardiac fibrosis ratio in the TAC+S1P group was significantly lower and was accompanied by a decrease in α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type I (COL I) expression compared with the TAC group. We also found that one of the key S1P enzymes, sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2), which was mainly distributed in cytoblasts, was downregulated in the cardiac remodeling case and recovered after S1P treatment in vivo and in vitro. In addition, our in vitro results showed that S1P treatment activated extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) phosphorylation mainly through the S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2) and spurred p-ERK transposition from the cytoplasm to cytoblast in H9c2 cells exposed to phenylephrine. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that SphK2 and the S1PR2/ERK pathway may participate in the anti-remodeling effect of S1P on the heart. This work therefore uncovers a novel potential therapy for the prevention of cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- Wuhan No. 4 Hospital, Wuhan Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shao-Wei Yi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hang Zhuang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dao-Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Gang Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Gui-Fen Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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23
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Chen H, Wang J, Zhang C, Ding P, Tian S, Chen J, Ji G, Wu T. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor, a new therapeutic direction in different diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113341. [PMID: 35785704 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR), as a kind of G protein-coupled receptor, has five subtypes, including S1PR1, S1PR2, S1PR3, S1PR4, and S1PR5. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1P) and S1PR regulate the trafficking of neutrophils and some cells, which has great effects on immune systems, lung tissue, and liver tissue. Presently, many related reports have proved that S1PR has a strong effect on the migration of lymphocytes, tumor cells, neutrophils, and many other cells via the regulation of signals, pathways, and enzymes. In this way, S1PR can regulate the relative response of the organism. Thus, S1PR has become a possible target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, pulmonary disease, liver disease, and cancer. In this review, we mainly focus on the research of the S1PR for the new therapeutic directions of different diseases and is expected to assist support in the clinic and drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peilun Ding
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuxia Tian
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Junming Chen
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China.
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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24
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Casciola-Rosen L, Thiemann DR, Andrade F, Trejo-Zambrano MI, Leonard EK, Spangler JB, Skinner NE, Bailey J, Yegnasubramanian S, Wang R, Vaghasia AM, Gupta A, Cox AL, Ray SC, Linville RM, Guo Z, Searson PC, Machamer CE, Desiderio S, Sauer LM, Laeyendecker O, Garibaldi BT, Gao L, Damarla M, Hassoun PM, Hooper JE, Mecoli CA, Christopher-Stine L, Gutierrez-Alamillo L, Yang Q, Hines D, Clarke WA, Rothman RE, Pekosz A, Fenstermacher KZ, Wang Z, Zeger SL, Rosen A. IgM anti-ACE2 autoantibodies in severe COVID-19 activate complement and perturb vascular endothelial function. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e158362. [PMID: 35349483 PMCID: PMC9090251 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSome clinical features of severe COVID-19 represent blood vessel damage induced by activation of host immune responses initiated by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. We hypothesized autoantibodies against angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the SARS-CoV-2 receptor expressed on vascular endothelium, are generated during COVID-19 and are of mechanistic importance.MethodsIn an opportunity sample of 118 COVID-19 inpatients, autoantibodies recognizing ACE2 were detected by ELISA. Binding properties of anti-ACE2 IgM were analyzed via biolayer interferometry. Effects of anti-ACE2 IgM on complement activation and endothelial function were demonstrated in a tissue-engineered pulmonary microvessel model.ResultsAnti-ACE2 IgM (not IgG) autoantibodies were associated with severe COVID-19 and found in 18/66 (27.2%) patients with severe disease compared with 2/52 (3.8%) of patients with moderate disease (OR 9.38, 95% CI 2.38-42.0; P = 0.0009). Anti-ACE2 IgM autoantibodies were rare (2/50) in non-COVID-19 ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Unexpectedly, ACE2-reactive IgM autoantibodies in COVID-19 did not undergo class-switching to IgG and had apparent KD values of 5.6-21.7 nM, indicating they are T cell independent. Anti-ACE2 IgMs activated complement and initiated complement-binding and functional changes in endothelial cells in microvessels, suggesting they contribute to the angiocentric pathology of COVID-19.ConclusionWe identify anti-ACE2 IgM as a mechanism-based biomarker strongly associated with severe clinical outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 infection, which has therapeutic implications.FUNDINGBill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Gates Philanthropy Partners, Donald B. and Dorothy L. Stabler Foundation, and Jerome L. Greene Foundation; NIH R01 AR073208, R01 AR069569, Institutional Research and Academic Career Development Award (5K12GM123914-03), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute R21HL145216, and Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (DGE1746891).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elissa K. Leonard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jamie B. Spangler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center
| | | | - Justin Bailey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases; and
| | | | - Rulin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ajay M. Vaghasia
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anuj Gupta
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea L. Cox
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases; and
| | - Stuart C. Ray
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases; and
| | - Raleigh M. Linville
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology and
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Peter C. Searson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology and
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Stephen Desiderio
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lauren M. Sauer
- Adult Emergency Department, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Biocontainment Unit, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Oliver Laeyendecker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases; and
- Division of Intramural Medicine, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian T. Garibaldi
- Johns Hopkins Biocontainment Unit, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; and
| | - Mahendra Damarla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Paul M. Hassoun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Jody E. Hooper
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - David Hines
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology
| | - William A. Clarke
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard E. Rothman
- Adult Emergency Department, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, and
| | | | - Zitong Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Scott L. Zeger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Antony Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology
- Department of Cell Biology and
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Chen H, Chen K, Huang W, Staudt LM, Cyster JG, Li X. Structure of S1PR2-heterotrimeric G 13 signaling complex. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn0067. [PMID: 35353559 PMCID: PMC8967229 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) regulates immune cell trafficking, angiogenesis, and vascular function via its five receptors. Inherited mutations in S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2) occur in individuals with hearing loss, and acquired mutations in S1PR2 and Gα13 occur in a malignant lymphoma. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of S1P-bound S1PR2 coupled to the heterotrimeric G13. Interaction between S1PR2 intracellular loop 2 (ICL2) and transmembrane helix 4 confines ICL2 to engage the α5 helix of Gα13. Transforming growth factor-α shedding assays and cell migration assays support the key roles of the residues in S1PR2-Gα13 complex assembly. The structure illuminates the mechanism of receptor disruption by disease-associated mutations. Unexpectedly, we showed that FTY720-P, an agonist of the other four S1PRs, can trigger G13 activation via S1PR2. S1PR2F274I variant can increase the activity of G13 considerably with FTY720-P and S1P, thus revealing a basis for S1PR drug selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kevin Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Weijiao Huang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Louis M. Staudt
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jason G. Cyster
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Chen L, Yan G, Ohwada T. Building on endogenous lipid mediators to design synthetic receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 231:114154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Chen L, Li L, Song Y, Lv T. Blocking SphK1/S1P/S1PR1 Signaling Pathway Alleviates Lung Injury Caused by Sepsis in Acute Ethanol Intoxication Mice. Inflammation 2021; 44:2170-2179. [PMID: 34109517 PMCID: PMC8189277 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute ethanol intoxication increases the risk of sepsis and aggravates the symptoms of sepsis and lung injury. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1)/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)/S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) signaling pathway functions in lung injury caused by acute ethanol intoxication-enhanced sepsis, as well as its underlying mechanism. The acute ethanol intoxication model was simulated by intraperitoneally administering mice with 32% ethanol solution, and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was used to construct the sepsis model. The lung tissue damage was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, and the wet-to-dry (W/D) ratio was used to evaluate the degree of pulmonary edema. Inflammatory cell counting and protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were, respectively, detected by hemocytometer and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method. The levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and IL-18 in BALF were detected by their commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and expression of apoptosis-related proteins and SphK1/S1P/S1PR1 pathway-related proteins were, respectively, analyzed by MPO ELISA kit and Western blot analysis. The cell apoptosis in lung tissues was observed by TUNEL assay. Acute ethanol intoxication (EtOH) decreased the survival rate of mice and exacerbated the lung injury caused by sepsis through increasing pulmonary vascular permeability, neutrophil infiltration, release of inflammatory factors, and cell apoptosis. In addition, EtOH could activate the SphK1/S1P/S1PR1 pathway in CLP mice. However, PF-543, as a specific inhibitor of SphK1, could partially reverse the deleterious effects on lung injury of CLP mice. PF-543 alleviated lung injury caused by sepsis in acute ethanol intoxication rats by suppressing the SphK1/S1P/S1PR1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Song
- Jinling Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Tangfeng Lv
- Jinling Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Park JH, Park KK, Choe JY, Jang KM. Identification of sphingosine 1-phosphate level and MAPK/ERK signaling in pancreatic β cells. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 26:252-258. [PMID: 34015900 PMCID: PMC8749023 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2040266.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sphingosine kinase is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates sphingosine to generate sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). S1P regulates pancreatic islet β-cell endoplasmic reticulum stress and proliferation. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes share some key pathogenic processes. In this study, we investigated whether secretion of insulin and production of S1P is altered in alloxan and glucose-treated cells from the rat pancreatic β-cell line RIN-5F. METHODS RIN-5F cells were treated with 2 mM alloxan and 20 mM glucose for 6 hours or 24 hours before being evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. RESULTS Insulin secretion and expression was higher in RIN-5F cells treated with glucose compared to control cells. In contrast, alloxan treatment did not affect insulin secretion and expression in RIN-5F cells. Interestingly, compared with normal control levels, S1P/EDG-5 was increased in both alloxan and glucose-treated pancreatic β cell than normal control. Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) inhibition strongly decreased the expression of insulin and S1P in glucose- or alloxan-treated RIN-5F cells. CONCLUSION We observe that production of S1P is increased in both diabetic cell models. In addition, MAPK/ERK signaling regulates secretion of insulin and S1P expression in pancreatic β-cells. Based on the literature and our findings, S1P may be a promising agent for the treatment of insulin-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kwan Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Young Choe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea,Address for correspondence: Kyung Mi Jang Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Hyeonchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu 42415, Korea
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Sphingolipids in Hematopoiesis: Exploring Their Role in Lineage Commitment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102507. [PMID: 34685487 PMCID: PMC8534120 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, associated enzymes, and the sphingolipid pathway are implicated in complex, multifaceted roles impacting several cell functions, such as cellular homeostasis, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and more through intrinsic and autocrine/paracrine mechanisms. Given this broad range of functions, it comes as no surprise that a large body of evidence points to important functions of sphingolipids in hematopoiesis. As the understanding of the processes that regulate hematopoiesis and of the specific characteristics that define each type of hematopoietic cells is being continuously refined, the understanding of the roles of sphingolipid metabolism in hematopoietic lineage commitment is also evolving. Recent findings indicate that sphingolipid alterations can modulate lineage commitment from stem cells all the way to megakaryocytic, erythroid, myeloid, and lymphoid cells. For instance, recent evidence points to the ability of de novo sphingolipids to regulate the stemness of hematopoietic stem cells while a substantial body of literature implicates various sphingolipids in specialized terminal differentiation, such as thrombopoiesis. This review provides a comprehensive discussion focused on the mechanisms that link sphingolipids to the commitment of hematopoietic cells to the different lineages, also highlighting yet to be resolved questions.
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Selkirk JV, Dines KC, Yan YG, Ching N, Dalvie D, Biswas S, Bortolato A, Schkeryantz JM, Lopez C, Ruiz I, Hargreaves R. Deconstructing the Pharmacological Contribution of Sphingosine-1 Phosphate Receptors to Mouse Models of Multiple Sclerosis Using the Species Selectivity of Ozanimod, a Dual Modulator of Human Sphingosine-1 Phosphate Receptor Subtypes 1 and 5. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 379:386-399. [PMID: 34535564 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozanimod, a sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator that binds with high affinity selectively to S1P receptor subtypes 1 (S1P1) and 5 (S1P5), is approved for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) in multiple countries. Ozanimod profiling revealed a species difference in its potency for S1P5 in mouse, rat, and canine compared with that for human and monkey. Site-directed mutagenesis identified amino acid alanine at position 120 to be responsible for loss of activity for mouse, rat, and canine S1P5 and mutation back to threonine as in human/monkey S1P5 restored activity. Radioligand binding analysis performed with mouse S1P5 confirmed the potency loss is a consequence of a loss of affinity of ozanimod for mouse S1P5 and was restored with mutation of alanine 120 to threonine. Study of ozanimod in preclinical mouse models of MS can now determine the S1P receptor(s) responsible for observed efficacies with receptor engagement as measured using pharmacokinetic exposures of free drug. Hence, in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model, ozanimod exposures sufficient to engage S1P1, but not S1P5, resulted in reduced circulating lymphocytes, disease scores, and body weight loss; reduced inflammation, demyelination, and apoptotic cell counts in the spinal cord; and reduced circulating levels of the neuronal degeneration marker, neurofilament light. In the demyelinating cuprizone model, ozanimod prevented axonal degradation and myelin loss during toxin challenge but did not facilitate enhanced remyelination post-intoxication. Since free drug levels in this model only engaged S1P1, we concluded that S1P1 activation is neuroprotective but does not appear to affect remyelination. Significance Statement Ozanimod, a selective human S1P1/5 modulator, displays reduced potency for rodent and dog S1P5 compared with human, which results from mutation of threonine to alanine at position 120. Ozanimod can thus be used as a selective S1P1 agonist in mouse models of multiple sclerosis to define efficacies driven by S1P1 but not S1P5 Based on readouts for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and cuprizone intoxication, S1P1 modulation is neuroprotective but S1P5 activity may be required for remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Deepak Dalvie
- Building 2, Crinetics Pharmaceuticals, United States
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Structures of signaling complexes of lipid receptors S1PR1 and S1PR5 reveal mechanisms of activation and drug recognition. Cell Res 2021; 31:1263-1274. [PMID: 34526663 PMCID: PMC8441948 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-021-00566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an important bioactive lipid molecule in cell membrane metabolism and binds to G protein-coupled S1P receptors (S1PRs) to regulate embryonic development, physiological homeostasis, and pathogenic processes in various organs. S1PRs are lipid-sensing receptors and are therapeutic targets for drug development, including potential treatment of COVID-19. Herein, we present five cryo-electron microscopy structures of S1PRs bound to diverse drug agonists and the heterotrimeric Gi protein. Our structural and functional assays demonstrate the different binding modes of chemically distinct agonists of S1PRs, reveal the mechanical switch that activates these receptors, and provide a framework for understanding ligand selectivity and G protein coupling.
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Ye M, Gai Y, Ji H, Jiang Y, Qiao P, Wang W, Zhang Y, Xia X, Lan X. A Novel Radioimmune 99mTc-Labeled Tracer for Imaging Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor 1 in Tumor Xenografts: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660842. [PMID: 34484174 PMCID: PMC8416251 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a phospholipid that regulates pleiotropic biological activities and exerts extracellular functions by binding to five specific G-protein-coupled receptors, S1P receptors (S1PR) 1-5. When activated by S1P, S1PR promote the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells by inducing the formation of new blood vessels. We developed and assessed a new monoclonal antibody imaging probe 99mTc-HYNIC-S1PR1mAb, to explore the feasibility of targeting the S1PR1 in vitro and in vivo. S1PR1mAb was prepared and followed by technetium-99m labeling with succinimidyl 6-hydraziniumnicotinate hydrochloride. Cell uptake and blocking studies were performed to investigate the binding specificity of 99mTc-HYNIC-S1PR1mAb in vitro. 99mTc-HYNIC-S1P1mAb was also tested in vivo in mice xenografted with SK-HEP-1 (high-expression of S1PR1) and MCF-7 (low-expression of S1PR1) using single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT). Ex vivo gamma counting of tissues from tumor-bearing mice was used to evaluate 99mTc-HYNIC-S1PR1mAb biodistribution. The biodistribution study results showed significantly higher uptake in SK-HEP-1 tumors than in MCF-7 tumors (P < 0.001). Reduced uptake of 99mTc-HYNIC-S1PR1mAb in SK-HEP-1 was observed in tumor-bearing nude mice pretreated with fingolimod, which binds competitively to the receptors, especially S1PR1. 99mTc-HYNIC-S1PR1mAb can be synthesized and specifically targeted to S1PR1 in vitro and in vivo, allowing S1PR1 expression assessment with SPECT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ye
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongkang Gai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Ji
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqun Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengxin Qiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongxue Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaotian Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
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Sudhadevi T, Jafri A, Ha AW, Basa P, Thomas JM, Fu P, Wary K, Mehta D, Natarajan V, Harijith A. Hyperoxia-induced S1P 1 signaling reduced angiogenesis by suppression of TIE-2 leading to experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:561-573. [PMID: 34176100 PMCID: PMC8551021 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have earlier shown that hyperoxia (HO)-induced sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1)/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling contribute to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). S1P acts through G protein-coupled receptors, S1P1 through S1P5. Further, we noted that heterozygous deletion of S1pr1 ameliorated the HO-induced BPD in the murine model. The mechanism by which S1P1 signaling contributes to HO-induced BPD was explored. METHODS S1pr1+/+ and S1pr1+/- mice pups were exposed to either room air (RA) or HO (75% oxygen) for 7 days from PN 1-7. Lung injury and alveolar simplification was evaluated. Lung protein expression was determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In vitro experiments were performed using human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) with S1P1 inhibitor, NIBR0213 to interrogate the S1P1 signaling pathway. RESULTS HO increased the expression of S1pr1 gene as well as S1P1 protein in both neonatal lungs and HLMVECs. The S1pr1+/- neonatal mice showed significant protection against HO-induced BPD which was accompanied by reduced inflammation markers in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. HO-induced reduction in ANG-1, TIE-2, and VEGF was rescued in S1pr1+/- mouse, accompanied by an improvement in the number of arterioles in the lung. HLMVECs exposed to HO increased the expression of KLF-2 accompanied by reduced expression of TIE-2, which was reversed with S1P1 inhibition. CONCLUSION HO induces S1P1 followed by reduced expression of angiogenic factors. Reduction of S1P1 signaling restores ANG-1/ TIE-2 signaling leading to improved angiogenesis and alveolarization thus protecting against HO-induced neonatal lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Sudhadevi
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anjum Jafri
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alison W Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Prathima Basa
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jaya M Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kishore Wary
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Hajny S, Borup A, Elsøe S, Christoffersen C. Increased plasma apoM levels impair triglyceride turnover in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158969. [PMID: 34051379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is an essential transporter of plasma Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P), typically attached to all lipoprotein classes, but with a majority bound to high density lipoproteins (HDL). ApoM-deficient mice display an increased activity in brown adipose tissue and a concomitant fast turnover of triglycerides. In what manner apoM/S1P affect the triglyceride metabolism is however still unknown and explored in the present study. METHODS Triglyceride turnover and potentially associated metabolic pathways were studied in the female human apoM transgenic mouse model (apoM-Tg) with increased plasma apoM and S1P levels. The model was compared with wild type (WT) mice. RESULTS ApoM-Tg mice had a reduced plasma triglyceride turnover rate and a lower free fatty acid uptake in subcutaneous adipocytes compared to WT mice. Screening for potential molecular mechanisms furthermore revealed a reduction in plasma lipase activity in apoM-Tg animals. Overexpression of apoM also reduced the plasma levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). CONCLUSIONS The study features the significant role of the apoM/S1P axis in maintaining a balanced triglyceride metabolism. Further, it also highlights the risk of inducing dyslipidaemia in patients receiving S1P-analouges and additionlly emphasizes the apoM/S1P axis as a potential therapeutic target in treatment of hypertriglyceridemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hajny
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3A, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anna Borup
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3A, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara Elsøe
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Christoffersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3A, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Inhibition of sphingosine 1-phosphate protects mice against chondrocyte catabolism and osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1335-1345. [PMID: 34144150 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cartilage loss observed in osteoarthritis (OA) is prevented when osteoclasts in the subchondral bone are inhibited in mice. Here, we investigated the role of the osteoclast secretome and of the lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in chondrocyte metabolism and OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used SphK1LysMCre and wild type mice to assess the effect of murine osteoclast secretome in chondrocyte metabolism. Gene and protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp) were quantified in chondrocytes and explants by RT-qPCR and Western blots. SphK1LysMCre mice or wild type mice treated with S1P2 receptor inhibitor JTE013 or anti-S1P neutralizing antibody sphingomab are analyzed by OA score and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The osteoclast secretome increased the expression of Mmp3 and Mmp13 in murine chondrocytes and cartilage explants and activated the JNK signaling pathway, which led to matrix degradation. JTE013 reversed the osteoclast-mediated chondrocyte catabolism and protected mice against OA, suggesting that osteoclastic S1P contributes to cartilage damage in OA via S1P/S1P2 signaling. The activity of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) increased with osteoclast differentiation, and its expression was enhanced in subchondral bone of mice with OA. The expression of Mmp3 and Mmp13 in chondrocytes was low upon stimulation with the secretome of Sphk1-lacking osteoclasts. Cartilage damage was significantly reduced in SphK1LysMCre mice, but not the synovial inflammation. Finally, intra-articular administration of sphingomab inhibited the cartilage damage and synovial inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Lack of S1P in myeloid cells and local S1P neutralization alleviates from osteoarthritis in mice. These data identify S1P as a therapeutic target in OA.
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Hutami IR, Izawa T, Khurel-Ochir T, Sakamaki T, Iwasa A, Tanaka E. Macrophage Motility in Wound Healing Is Regulated by HIF-1α via S1P Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168992. [PMID: 34445695 PMCID: PMC8396560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the molecular pathways mediating wound healing induce cell migration and localization of cytokines to sites of injury. Macrophages are immune cells that sense and actively respond to disturbances in tissue homeostasis by initiating, and subsequently resolving, inflammation. Hypoxic conditions generated at a wound site also strongly recruit macrophages and affect their function. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α is a transcription factor that contributes to both glycolysis and the induction of inflammatory genes, while also being critical for macrophage activation. For the latter, HIF-1α regulates sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) to affect the migration, activation, differentiation, and polarization of macrophages. Recently, S1P and HIF-1α have received much attention, and various studies have been performed to investigate their roles in initiating and resolving inflammation via macrophages. It is hypothesized that the HIF-1α/S1P/S1P receptor axis is an important determinant of macrophage function under inflammatory conditions and during disease pathogenesis. Therefore, in this review, biological regulation of monocytes/macrophages in response to circulating HIF-1α is summarized, including signaling by S1P/S1P receptors, which have essential roles in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islamy Rahma Hutami
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang 50112, Indonesia
| | - Takashi Izawa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-6691; Fax: +81-88-235-6694
| | - Tsendsuren Khurel-Ochir
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
| | - Takuma Sakamaki
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
| | - Akihiko Iwasa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
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Khandelwal N, Shaikh M, Mhetre A, Singh S, Sajeevan T, Joshi A, Balaji KN, Chakrapani H, Kamat SS. Fatty acid chain length drives lysophosphatidylserine-dependent immunological outputs. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1169-1179.e6. [PMID: 33571455 PMCID: PMC7611549 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In humans, lysophosphatidylserines (lyso-PSs) are potent lipid regulators of important immunological processes. Given their structural diversity and commercial paucity, here we report the synthesis of methyl esters of lyso-PS (Me-lyso-PSs) containing medium- to very-long-chain (VLC) lipid tails. We show that Me-lyso-PSs are excellent substrates for the lyso-PS lipase ABHD12, and that these synthetic lipids are acted upon by cellular carboxylesterases to produce lyso-PSs. Next, in macrophages we demonstrate that VLC lyso-PSs orchestrate pro-inflammatory responses and in turn neuroinflammation via a Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-dependent pathway. We also show that long-chain (LC) lyso-PSs robustly induce intracellular cyclic AMP production, cytosolic calcium influx, and phosphorylation of the nodal extracellular signal-regulated kinase to regulate macrophage activation via a TLR2-independent pathway. Finally, we report that LC lyso-PSs potently elicit histamine release during the mast cell degranulation process, and that ABHD12 is the major lyso-PS lipase in these immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Khandelwal
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Minhaj Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Amol Mhetre
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India.
| | - Shubham Singh
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Theja Sajeevan
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Alaumy Joshi
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | | | - Harinath Chakrapani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India.
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India.
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Del Gaudio I, Rubinelli L, Sasset L, Wadsack C, Hla T, Di Lorenzo A. Endothelial Spns2 and ApoM Regulation of Vascular Tone and Hypertension Via Sphingosine-1-Phosphate. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e021261. [PMID: 34240614 PMCID: PMC8483458 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.021261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Most of the circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is bound to ApoM (apolipoprotein M) of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and mediates many beneficial effects of HDL on the vasculature via G protein-coupled S1P receptors. HDL-bound S1P is decreased in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and diabetes mellitus. In addition to being the target, the endothelium is a source of S1P, which is transported outside of the cells by Spinster-2, contributing to circulating S1P as well as to local signaling. Mice lacking endothelial S1P receptor 1 are hypertensive, suggesting a vasculoprotective role of S1P signaling. This study investigates the role of endothelial-derived S1P and ApoM-bound S1P in regulating vascular tone and blood pressure. Methods and Results ApoM knockout (ApoM KO) mice and mice lacking endothelial Spinster-2 (ECKO-Spns2) were infused with angiotensin II for 28 days. Blood pressure, measured by telemetry and tail-cuff, was significantly increased in both ECKO-Spns2 and ApoM KO versus control mice, at baseline and following angiotensin II. Notably, ECKO-Spns2 presented an impaired vasodilation to flow and blood pressure dipping, which is clinically associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events. In hypertension, both groups presented reduced flow-mediated vasodilation and some degree of impairment in endothelial NO production, which was more evident in ECKO-Spns2. Increased hypertension in ECKO-Spns2 and ApoM KO mice correlated with worsened cardiac hypertrophy versus controls. Conclusions Our study identifies an important role for Spinster-2 and ApoM-HDL in blood pressure homeostasis via S1P-NO signaling and dissects the pathophysiological impact of endothelial-derived S1P and ApoM of HDL-bound S1P in hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Del Gaudio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Cardiovascular Research InstituteFeil Family Brain & Mind Research InstituteWeill Cornell Medicine New York NY.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical University of Graz Austria
| | - Luisa Rubinelli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Cardiovascular Research InstituteFeil Family Brain & Mind Research InstituteWeill Cornell Medicine New York NY
| | - Linda Sasset
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Cardiovascular Research InstituteFeil Family Brain & Mind Research InstituteWeill Cornell Medicine New York NY
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical University of Graz Austria
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Annarita Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Cardiovascular Research InstituteFeil Family Brain & Mind Research InstituteWeill Cornell Medicine New York NY
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Akhter MZ, Chandra Joshi J, Balaji Ragunathrao VA, Maienschein-Cline M, Proia RL, Malik AB, Mehta D. Programming to S1PR1 + Endothelial Cells Promotes Restoration of Vascular Integrity. Circ Res 2021; 129:221-236. [PMID: 33926208 PMCID: PMC8273089 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.318412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahid Akhter
- Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago (M.Z.A., J.C.J., V.A.B.R., A.B.M., D.M.)
| | - Jagdish Chandra Joshi
- Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago (M.Z.A., J.C.J., V.A.B.R., A.B.M., D.M.)
| | - Vijay Avin Balaji Ragunathrao
- Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago (M.Z.A., J.C.J., V.A.B.R., A.B.M., D.M.)
| | | | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD (R.L.P.)
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago (M.Z.A., J.C.J., V.A.B.R., A.B.M., D.M.)
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago (M.Z.A., J.C.J., V.A.B.R., A.B.M., D.M.)
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40
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Moritz E, Jedlitschky G, Negnal J, Tzvetkov MV, Daum G, Dörr M, Felix SB, Völzke H, Nauck M, Schwedhelm E, Meisel P, Kocher T, Rauch BH, Holtfreter B. Increased Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Serum Concentrations in Subjects with Periodontitis: A Matter of Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2883-2896. [PMID: 34234513 PMCID: PMC8256099 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s302117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the oral cavity with an alarmingly high prevalence within the adult population. The signaling lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) plays a crucial role in inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses. In addition to cardiovascular disease, sepsis and tumor entities, S1P has been recently identified as both mediator and biomarker in osteoporosis. We hypothesized that S1P may play a role in periodontitis as an inflammation-prone bone destructive disorder. The goal of our study was to evaluate associations between periodontitis and S1P serum concentrations in the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)-Trend cohort. In addition, we investigated the expression of S1P metabolizing enzymes in inflamed gingival tissue. Patients and Methods We analyzed data from 3371 participants (51.6% women) of the SHIP-Trend cohort. Periodontal parameters and baseline characteristics were assessed. Serum S1P was measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The expression of S1P metabolizing enzymes was determined by immunofluorescence staining of human gingival tissue. Results S1P serum concentrations were significantly increased in subjects with both moderate and severe periodontitis, assessed as probing depth and clinical attachment loss. In contrast, no significant association of S1P was seen with caries variables (number and percentage of decayed or filled surfaces). S1P concentrations significantly increased with increasing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. Interestingly, inflamed compared to normal human gingival tissue exhibited elevated expression levels of the S1P-generating enzyme sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1). Conclusion We report an intriguingly significant association of various periodontal parameters with serum levels of the inflammatory lipid mediator S1P. Our data point towards a key role of S1P during periodontitis pathology. Modulation of local S1P levels or its signaling properties may represent a potential future therapeutic strategy to prevent or to retard periodontitis progression and possibly reduce periodontitis-related tooth loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Moritz
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gabriele Jedlitschky
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Josefine Negnal
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mladen V Tzvetkov
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Günter Daum
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan B Felix
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Edzard Schwedhelm
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Humburg, Germany
| | - Peter Meisel
- Dental Clinics, Department of Periodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Dental Clinics, Department of Periodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bernhard H Rauch
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Department of Human Medicine, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Birte Holtfreter
- Dental Clinics, Department of Periodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Maeda S, Shiimura Y, Asada H, Hirata K, Luo F, Nango E, Tanaka N, Toyomoto M, Inoue A, Aoki J, Iwata S, Hagiwara M. Endogenous agonist-bound S1PR3 structure reveals determinants of G protein-subtype bias. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/24/eabf5325. [PMID: 34108205 PMCID: PMC8189593 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf5325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) regulates numerous important physiological functions, including immune response and vascular integrity, via its cognate receptors (S1PR1 to S1PR5); however, it remains unclear how S1P activates S1PRs upon binding. Here, we determined the crystal structure of the active human S1PR3 in complex with its natural agonist S1P at 3.2-Å resolution. S1P exhibits an unbent conformation in the long tunnel, which penetrates through the receptor obliquely. Compared with the inactive S1PR1 structure, four residues surrounding the alkyl tail of S1P (the "quartet core") exhibit orchestrating rotamer changes that accommodate the moiety, thereby inducing an active conformation. In addition, we reveal that the quartet core determines G protein selectivity of S1PR3. These results offer insight into the structural basis of activation and biased signaling in G protein-coupled receptors and will help the design of biased ligands for optimized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Maeda
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuki Shiimura
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Asada
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kunio Hirata
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5165, Japan
| | - Fangjia Luo
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5165, Japan
| | - Eriko Nango
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5165, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Nobuo Tanaka
- Medical Research Support Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masayasu Toyomoto
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Drug Discovery for Lung Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - So Iwata
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5165, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hagiwara
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Medical Research Support Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Drug Discovery for Lung Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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42
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Goto H, Miyamoto M, Kihara A. Direct uptake of sphingosine-1-phosphate independent of phospholipid phosphatases. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100605. [PMID: 33785361 PMCID: PMC8093947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid mediator that is relatively abundant in plasma and plays an important role in the vascular and immune systems. To date, the only known mechanism for removing S1P from plasma has been dephosphorylation by phospholipid phosphatases (PLPPs) on the surface of cells in contact with the plasma. However, there remains a possibility that PLPP-independent dephosphorylation or direct S1P uptake into cells could occur. To examine these possibilities, here we generated triple KO (TKO) HAP1 cells that lacked all PLPPs (PLPP1–3) present in mammals. In the TKO cells, the intracellular metabolism of externally added deuterium-labeled S1P to ceramide was reduced to 17% compared with the WT cells, indicating that most extracellular S1P is dephosphorylated by PLPPs and then taken up into cells. However, this result also reveals the existence of a PLPP-independent S1P uptake pathway. Tracer experiments using [32P]S1P showed the existence of a direct S1P uptake pathway that functions without prior dephosphorylation. Overexpression of sphingolipid transporter 2 (SPNS2) or of major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2B (MFSD2B), both known S1P efflux transporters, in TKO cells increased the direct uptake of S1P, whereas KO of MFSD2B in TKO cells reduced this uptake. These results suggest that these are channel-type transporters and capable of not only exporting but also importing S1P. Furthermore, we observed that erythroid cells expressing MFSD2B, exhibited high S1P uptake activity. Our findings describing direct S1P uptake may contribute to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that regulate plasma S1P concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Akio Kihara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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Sandborn WJ, Feagan BG, Hanauer S, Vermeire S, Ghosh S, Liu WJ, Petersen A, Charles L, Huang V, Usiskin K, Wolf DC, D’Haens G. Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Ozanimod in Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: Results From the Open-Label Extension of the Randomized, Phase 2 TOUCHSTONE Study. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:1120-1129. [PMID: 33438008 PMCID: PMC8256627 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This analysis examined the long-term safety and efficacy of ozanimod in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis [UC] with ≥ 4 years of follow-up in the phase 2 TOUCHSTONE open-label extension [OLE]. METHODS Patients receiving placebo or ozanimod HCl 0.5 mg or 1 mg during the double-blind period could enter the OLE [ozanimod HCl 1 mg daily]. Partial Mayo score [pMS] clinical response and remission were assessed through OLE week 200 and summarized descriptively using observed cases [OC] and non-responder imputation [NRI]. Endoscopy was required at OLE week 56 and the end of treatment. Parameters associated with endoscopy were summarized at weeks 56 and 104 [OC], and week 56 [NRI]. C-reactive protein and faecal calprotectin were assessed. Adverse events were monitored throughout the study. RESULTS Of 197 patients receiving double-blind treatment, 170 entered the OLE. Discontinuation rates were 28% at year 1 and 15-18% annually through year 4. Partial Mayo measures indicated clinical response and remission rates at OLE week 200 of 93.3% and 82.7%, respectively, using OC and 41% and 37% with the more conservative NRI analysis. At weeks 56 and 104, respectively, histological remission rates were 46.3% and 38.5%, and endoscopic improvement rates were 46.4% and 46.5% [OC]. No new safety signals were identified during ≥ 4 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS There was a high rate of continued study participation and long-term benefit with ozanimod HCl 1 mg daily based on clinical, histological and biomarker measures in patients with moderately to severely active UC in the TOUCHSTONE OLE. [NCT02531126].
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Sandborn
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Corresponding author: W. Sandborn, MD, UC San Diego Health System, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0956, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Tel: 858-657-5331;
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Douglas C Wolf
- Center for Crohn’s Disease & Ulcerative Colitis, Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Geert D’Haens
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Rosen H, Oldstone MBA. The riddle of the Sphinx: why sphingosine-1-phosphate may help define molecular mechanisms underlying risk stratification for serious COVID-19 infections. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13533. [PMID: 33326687 PMCID: PMC7799363 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lysophospholipid signaling molecule with important functions in many physiological and pathological conditions, including viral infection. In this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine, Marfia et al present a risk stratification based on S1P serum level as a novel prognostic indicator for COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Rosen
- The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
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45
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Split-Tobacco Etch Virus (Split-TEV) Method in G Protein-Coupled Receptor Interacting Proteins. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2268:223-232. [PMID: 34085272 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1221-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Split-TEV assay enables the identification of protein-protein interaction in mammalian cells. This method is based on the split of tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease in two fragments, where each fragment is fused to the candidate proteins predicted to interact. If there is indeed an interaction between both proteins, TEV protease reconstitutes its proteolytic activity and this activity is used to induce the expression of some reporter genes. However, some studies have detected unspecific interaction between membrane proteins due to its higher tendency to aggregate. Here we describe a variation of the Split-TEV method developed with the aim to increase the specificity in the study of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) interacting proteins. This approach for monitoring interactions between GPCRs is an easy and robust assay and offers good perspectives in drug discovery.
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Nagata Y, Miyagawa K, Ohata Y, Petrusca DN, Pagnotti GM, Mohammad KS, Guise TA, Windle JJ, David Roodman G, Kurihara N. Increased S1P expression in osteoclasts enhances bone formation in an animal model of Paget's disease. J Cell Biochem 2020; 122:335-348. [PMID: 33107091 PMCID: PMC7887003 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Paget's disease (PD) is characterized by increased numbers of abnormal osteoclasts (OCLs) that drive exuberant bone formation, but the mechanisms responsible for the increased bone formation remain unclear. We previously reported that OCLs from 70% of PD patients express measles virus nucleocapsid protein (MVNP), and that transgenic mice with targeted expression of MVNP in OCLs (MVNP mice) develop bone lesions and abnormal OCLs characteristic of PD. In this report, we examined if OCL-derived sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) contributed to the abnormal bone formation in PD, since OCL-derived S1P can act as a coupling factor to increase normal bone formation via binding S1P-receptor-3 (S1PR3) on osteoblasts (OBs). We report that OCLs from MVNP mice and PD patients expressed high levels of sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK-1) compared with wild-type (WT) mouse and normal donor OCLs. SphK-1 production by MVNP-OCLs was interleukin-6 (IL-6)-dependent since OCLs from MVNP/IL-6-/- mice expressed lower levels of SphK-1. Immunohistochemistry of bone biopsies from a normal donor, a PD patient, WT and MVNP mice confirmed increased expression levels of SphK-1 in OCLs and S1PR3 in OBs of the PD patient and MVNP mice compared with normal donor and WT mice. Further, MVNP-OCLs cocultured with OBs from MVNP or WT mice increased OB-S1PR3 expression and enhanced expression of OB differentiation markers in MVNP-OBs precursors compared with WT-OBs, which was mediated by IL-6 and insulin-like growth factor 1 secreted by MVNP-OCLs. Finally, the addition of an S1PR3 antagonist (VPC23019) to WT or MVNP-OBs treated with WT and MVNP-OCL-conditioned media (CM) blocked enhanced OB differentiation of MVNP-OBs treated with MVNP-OCL-CM. In contrast, the addition of the SIPR3 agonist, VPC24191, to the cultures enhanced osterix and Col-1A expression in MVNP-OBs treated with MVNP-OCL-CM compared with WT-OBs treated with WT-OCL-CM. These results suggest that IL-6 produced by PD-OCLs increases S1P in OCLs and S1PR3 on OBs, to increase bone formation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nagata
- Department of Medicine/Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kazuaki Miyagawa
- Department of Medicine/Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Yasuhisa Ohata
- Department of Medicine/Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Daniela N Petrusca
- Department of Medicine/Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Gabriel M Pagnotti
- Department of Medicine/Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Khalid S Mohammad
- Department of Medicine/Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Theresa A Guise
- Department of Medicine/Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jolene J Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - G David Roodman
- Department of Medicine/Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Noriyoshi Kurihara
- Department of Medicine/Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Dossou AS, Sabnis N, Nagarajan B, Mathew E, Fudala R, Lacko AG. Lipoproteins and the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1272:93-116. [PMID: 32845504 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48457-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in enhancing the growth of malignant tumors and thus contributing to "aggressive phenotypes," supporting sustained tumor growth and metastasis. The precise interplay between the numerous components of the TME that contribute to the emergence of these aggressive phenotypes is yet to be elucidated and currently under intense investigation. The purpose of this article is to identify specific role(s) for lipoproteins as part of these processes that facilitate (or oppose) malignant growth as they interact with specific components of the TME during tumor development and treatment. Because of the scarcity of literature reports regarding the interaction of lipoproteins with the components of the tumor microenvironment, we were compelled to explore topics that were only tangentially related to this topic, to ensure that we have not missed any important concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akpedje Serena Dossou
- Lipoprotein Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Nirupama Sabnis
- Lipoprotein Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Bhavani Nagarajan
- Lipoprotein Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Ezek Mathew
- Lipoprotein Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Rafal Fudala
- Lipoprotein Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Andras G Lacko
- Lipoprotein Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA. .,Departments of Physiology/Anatomy and Pediatrics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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Liu J, Sugimoto K, Cao Y, Mori M, Guo L, Tan G. Serum Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P): A Novel Diagnostic Biomarker in Early Acute Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol 2020; 11:985. [PMID: 33013650 PMCID: PMC7505997 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid metabolite that mediates various physiological processes, including vascular endothelial cell function, inflammation, coagulation/thrombosis, and angiogenesis. As a result, S1P may contribute to the pathogenesis of stroke. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum S1P in acute stroke. Method: A total of 72 patients with ischemic stroke, 36 patients with hemorrhagic stroke, and 65 controls were enrolled. Serum S1P was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that serum S1P could discriminate ischemic stroke from hemorrhagic stroke in both total population and subgroup analyses of samples obtained within 24 h of symptom onset (subgroup < 24h) (area under curve, AUCTotal = 0.64, P = 0.017; AUCSubgroup < 24h = 0.91, P < 0.001) and controls (AUCTotal = 0.62, P = 0.013; AUCSubgroup <24h = 0.83, P < 0.001). Furthermore, S1P showed higher efficacy than high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in discriminating ischemic stroke from controls in the total population (PS1P = 0.013, PHDL−C = 0.366) and in the subgroup analysis (i.e., <24 h; PS1P < 0.001, PHDL−C = 0.081). Additionally, lower serum S1P was associated with cervical artery plaques (P = 0.021) in controls and with dyslipidemia (P = 0.036) and milder neurological impairment evaluated by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS, P = 0.047) in the ischemic stroke group. Conclusions: The present study preliminarily investigated the diagnostic value of serum S1P in acute stroke. Decreased serum S1P may become a potential biomarker for early acute ischemic stroke and can indicate disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sugimoto
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuanbo Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Masahiro Mori
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guojun Tan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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Anwar M, Mehta D. Post-translational modifications of S1PR1 and endothelial barrier regulation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158760. [PMID: 32585303 PMCID: PMC7409382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1), a G-protein coupled receptor that is expressed in endothelium and activated upon ligation by the bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), is an important vascular-barrier protective mechanism at the level of adherens junctions (AJ). Loss of endothelial barrier function is a central factor in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory conditions characterized by protein-rich lung edema formation, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). While several S1PR1 agonists are available, the challenge of arresting the progression of protein-rich edema formation remains to be met. In this review, we discuss the role of S1PRs, especially S1PR1, in regulating endothelial barrier function. We review recent findings showing that replenishment of the pool of cell-surface S1PR1 may be crucial to the effectiveness of S1P in repairing the endothelial barrier. In this context, we discuss the S1P generating machinery and mechanisms that regulate S1PR1 at the cell surface and their impact on endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America.
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The Lysophosphatidylserines-An Emerging Class of Signalling Lysophospholipids. J Membr Biol 2020; 253:381-397. [PMID: 32767057 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lysophospholipids are potent hormone-like signalling biological lipids that regulate many important biological processes in mammals (including humans). Lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine-1-phosphate represent the best studied examples for this lipid class, and their metabolic enzymes and/or cognate receptors are currently under clinical investigation for treatment of various neurological and autoimmune diseases in humans. Over the past two decades, the lysophsophatidylserines (lyso-PSs) have emerged as yet another biologically important lysophospholipid, and deregulation in its metabolism has been linked to various human pathophysiological conditions. Despite its recent emergence, an exhaustive review summarizing recent advances on lyso-PSs and the biological pathways that this bioactive lysophospholipid regulates has been lacking. To address this, here, we summarize studies that led to the discovery of lyso-PS as a potent signalling biomolecule, and discuss the structure, its detection in biological systems, and the biodistribution of this lysophospholipid in various mammalian systems. Further, we describe in detail the enzymatic pathways that are involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of this lipid and the putative lyso-PS receptors reported in the literature. Finally, we discuss the various biological pathways directly regulated by lyso-PSs in mammals and prospect new questions for this still emerging biomedically important signalling lysophospholipid.
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