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Zhang Q, Xiang S, Chen X, Rong Y, Huang L, Chen Z, Yao K, Chen W, Deng C, Wang J. Irisin attenuates acute glaucoma-induced neuroinflammation by activating microglia-integrin αVβ5/AMPK and promoting autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112545. [PMID: 38955026 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation, characterized by microglial activation and the release of multiple inflammatory mediators, is a key factor in acute glaucomatous injury leading to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and ultimately irreversible vision loss. Irisin, a novel exercise-induced myokine, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in ischemia/reperfusion injuries across multiple organs and has displayed a significant neuroprotective role in experimental stroke disease models. This study examined the protective impact of irisin and investigated its potential mechanism involved in this process utilizing an acute ocular hypertension (AOH)-induced retinal injury model in mice and a microglia inflammation model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). There was a transient downregulation of irisin in the retina after AOH injury, with parallel emergence of retinal neuroinflammation and RGC death. Irisin attenuated retinal and optic nerve damage and promotes the phenotypic conversion of microglia from M1 to M2. Mechanistically, irisin significantly upregulated the expression of integrin αVβ5, p-AMPK, and autophagy-related markers. Integrin αVβ5 was highly expressed on microglia but hardly expressed on RGC. The integrin αVβ5 inhibitor cilengitide, the AMPK inhibitor dorsomorphin, and the autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) blocked the neuroprotective effects of irisin. Our results suggest irisin attenuates acute glaucoma-induced neuroinflammation and RGC death by activating integrin αVβ5/AMPK in microglia and promoting autophagy. It should be considered a potential neuroprotective therapy for acute glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Sifei Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yan Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China
| | - Zhiqi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chaohua Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Junming Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Pajarillo E, Kim S, Digman A, Ajayi I, Nyarko-Danquah I, Son DS, Aschner M, Lee E. Dopaminergic REST/NRSF is protective against manganese-induced neurotoxicity in mice. J Biol Chem 2024:107707. [PMID: 39178947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to elevated levels of manganese (Mn) may cause a neurological disorder referred to as manganism. The transcription factor REST is dysregulated in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. REST upregulated tyrosine hydroxylase and induced protection against Mn toxicity in neuronal cultures. In the present study, we investigated if dopaminergic REST plays a critical role in protecting against Mn-induced toxicity in vivo using dopaminergic REST conditional knockout (REST-cKO) mice and REST loxP mice as wild-type (WT) controls. Restoration of REST in the substantia nigra (SN) with neuronal REST AAV vector infusion was performed to further support the role of REST in Mn toxicity. Mice were exposed to Mn (330 ug, intranasal, daily for 3 weeks), followed by behavioral tests and molecular biology experiments. Results showed that Mn decreased REST mRNA/protein levels in the SN-containing midbrain, as well as locomotor activity and motor coordination in WT mice, which were further decreased in REST-cKO. Mn-induced mitochondrial insults, such as impairment of fission/fusion and mitophagy, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, in the midbrain of WT mice were more pronounced in REST-cKO. However, REST restoration in the SN of REST cKO mice attenuated Mn-induced neurotoxicity. REST's molecular target for its protection is unclear, but REST attenuated Mn-induced mitochondrial dysregulation, indicating that it is a primary intracellular target for both Mn and REST. These novel findings suggest that dopaminergic REST in the nigrostriatal pathway is critical in protecting against Mn toxicity, underscoring REST as a potential therapeutic target for treating manganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Pajarillo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA 32307
| | - Sanghoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA 32307
| | - Alexis Digman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA 32307
| | - Itunu Ajayi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA 32307
| | - Ivan Nyarko-Danquah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA 32307
| | - Deok-Soo Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA, 37208
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, New York, USA, 10461
| | - Eunsook Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA 32307.
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Mishra AK, Tripathi MK, Kumar D, Gupta SP. Neurons Specialize in Presynaptic Autophagy: A Perspective to Ameliorate Neurodegeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04399-8. [PMID: 39141193 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
The efficient and prolonged neurotransmission is reliant on the coordinated action of numerous synaptic proteins in the presynaptic compartment that remodels synaptic vesicles for neurotransmitter packaging and facilitates their exocytosis. Once a cycle of neurotransmission is completed, membranes and associated proteins are endocytosed into the cytoplasm for recycling or degradation. Both exocytosis and endocytosis are closely regulated in a timely and spatially constrained manner. Recent research demonstrated the impact of dysfunctional synaptic vesicle retrieval in causing retrograde degeneration of midbrain neurons and has highlighted the importance of such endocytic proteins, including auxilin, synaptojanin1 (SJ1), and endophilin A (EndoA) in neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, the role of other associated proteins, including leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), adaptor proteins, and retromer proteins, is being investigated for their roles in regulating synaptic vesicle recycling. Research suggests that the degradation of defective vesicles via presynaptic autophagy, followed by their recycling, not only revitalizes them in the active zone but also contributes to strengthening synaptic plasticity. The presynaptic autophagy rejuvenating terminals and maintaining neuroplasticity is unique in autophagosome formation. It involves several synaptic proteins to support autophagosome construction in tiny compartments and their retrograde trafficking toward the cell bodies. Despite having a comprehensive understanding of ATG proteins in autophagy, we still lack a framework to explain how autophagy is triggered and potentiated in compact presynaptic compartments. Here, we reviewed synaptic proteins' involvement in forming presynaptic autophagosomes and in retrograde trafficking of terminal cargos. The review also discusses the status of endocytic proteins and endocytosis-regulating proteins in neurodegenerative diseases and strategies to combat neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Government Shaheed Gendsingh College, Charama, Uttar Bastar Kanker, 494 337, Chhattisgarh, India.
| | - Manish Kumar Tripathi
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dipak Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Munger University, Munger, Bihar, India
| | - Satya Prakash Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
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Choi J, Jang H, Xuan Z, Park D. Emerging roles of ATG9/ATG9A in autophagy: implications for cell and neurobiology. Autophagy 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39099167 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2384349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Atg9, the only transmembrane protein among many autophagy-related proteins, was first identified in the year 2000 in yeast. Two homologs of Atg9, ATG9A and ATG9B, have been found in mammals. While ATG9B shows a tissue-specific expression pattern, such as in the placenta and pituitary gland, ATG9A is ubiquitously expressed. Additionally, ATG9A deficiency leads to severe defects not only at the molecular and cellular levels but also at the organismal level, suggesting key and fundamental roles for ATG9A. The subcellular localization of ATG9A on small vesicles and its functional relevance to autophagy have suggested a potential role for ATG9A in the lipid supply during autophagosome biogenesis. Nevertheless, the precise role of ATG9A in the autophagic process has remained a long-standing mystery, especially in neurons. Recent findings, however, including structural, proteomic, and biochemical analyses, have provided new insights into its function in the expansion of the phagophore membrane. In this review, we aim to understand various aspects of ATG9 (in invertebrates and plants)/ATG9A (in mammals), including its localization, trafficking, and other functions, in nonneuronal cells and neurons by comparing recent discoveries related to ATG9/ATG9A and proposing directions for future research.Abbreviation: AP-4: adaptor protein complex 4; ATG: autophagy related; cKO: conditional knockout; CLA-1: CLArinet (functional homolog of cytomatrix at the active zone proteins piccolo and fife); cryo-EM: cryogenic electron microscopy; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; KO: knockout; PAS: phagophore assembly site; PtdIns3K: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1; SV: synaptic vesicle; TGN: trans-Golgi network; ULK: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase; WIPI2: WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Choi
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Haeun Jang
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Zhao Xuan
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Daehun Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
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Esposito A, Pepe S, Cerullo MS, Cortese K, Semini HT, Giovedì S, Guerrini R, Benfenati F, Falace A, Fassio A. ATP6V1A is required for synaptic rearrangements and plasticity in murine hippocampal neurons. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14186. [PMID: 38837572 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM Understanding the physiological role of ATP6V1A, a component of the cytosolic V1 domain of the proton pump vacuolar ATPase, in regulating neuronal development and function. METHODS Modeling loss of function of Atp6v1a in primary murine hippocampal neurons and studying neuronal morphology and function by immunoimaging, electrophysiological recordings and electron microscopy. RESULTS Atp6v1a depletion affects neurite elongation, stabilization, and function of excitatory synapses and prevents synaptic rearrangement upon induction of plasticity. These phenotypes are due to an overall decreased expression of the V1 subunits, that leads to impairment of lysosomal pH-regulation and autophagy progression with accumulation of aberrant lysosomes at neuronal soma and of enlarged vacuoles at synaptic boutons. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a physiological role of ATP6V1A in the surveillance of synaptic integrity and plasticity and highlight the pathophysiological significance of ATP6V1A loss in the alteration of synaptic function that is associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. The data further support the pivotal involvement of lysosomal function and autophagy flux in maintaining proper synaptic connectivity and adaptive neuronal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Pepe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Sabina Cerullo
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Katia Cortese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Giovedì
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Children's Hospital A. Meyer IRCCS, Florence, Italy
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Falace
- Children's Hospital A. Meyer IRCCS, Florence, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto "Giannina Gaslini", Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Fassio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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Hu SS, Wang TY, Ni L, Hu FX, Yue BW, Zheng Y, Wang TL, Kumar A, Wang YY, Wang JE, Zhou ZY. Icariin Ameliorates D-galactose-induced Cell Injury in Neuron-like PC12 Cells by Inhibiting MPTP Opening. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:748-758. [PMID: 38900385 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-024-2892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Icariin (ICA) has a good neuroprotective effect and can upregulate neuronal basal autophagy in naturally aging rats. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with brain aging-related neurodegenerative diseases. Abnormal opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a crucial factor in mitochondrial dysfunction and is associated with excessive autophagy. This study aimed to explore that ICA protects against neuronal injury by blocking the mPTP opening and down-regulating autophagy levels in a D-galactose (D-gal)-induced cell injury model. METHODS A cell model of neuronal injury was established in rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) treated with 200 mmol/L D-gal for 48 h. In this cell model, PC12 cells were pre-treated with different concentrations of ICA for 24 h. MTT was used to detect cell viability. Senescence associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining was used to observe cell senescence. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression levels of a senescence-related protein (p21), autophagy markers (LC3B, p62, Atg7, Atg5 and Beclin 1), mitochondrial fission and fusion-related proteins (Drp1, Mfn2 and Opa1), and mitophagy markers (Pink1 and Parkin). The changes of autophagic flow were detected by using mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus. The intracellular ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Immunofluorescence was used to detect mPTP, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and ROS levels. ROS and apoptosis levels were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS D-gal treatment significantly decreased the viability of PC12 cells, and markedly increased the SA-β-Gal positive cells as compared to the control group. With the D-gal stimulation, the expression of p21 was significantly up-regulated. Furthermore, D-gal stimulation resulted in an elevated LC3B II/I ratio and decreased p62 expression. Meanwhile, autophagosomes and autolysosomes were significantly increased, indicating abnormal activation of autophagy levels. In addition, in this D-gal-induced model of cell injury, the mPTP was abnormally open, the ROS generation was continuously increased, the MMP was gradually decreased, and the apoptosis was increased. ICA effectively improved mitochondrial dysfunction to protect against D-gal-induced cell injury and apoptosis. It strongly inhibited excessive autophagy by blocking the opening of the mPTP. Cotreatment with ICA and an mPTP inhibitor (cyclosporin A) did not ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the protective effects were attenuated by cotreatment with ICA and an mPTP activator (lonidamine). CONCLUSION ICA inhibits the activation of excessive autophagy and thus improves mitochondrial dysfunction by blocking the mPTP opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Hu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Tong-Yao Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Lu Ni
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Fan-Xin Hu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Bo-Wen Yue
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Tian-Lun Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yan-Yan Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Jin-E Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhou
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
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Li J, Huang X, An Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Xu M, Shan H, Zhang M. The role of snapin in regulation of brain homeostasis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1696-1701. [PMID: 38103234 PMCID: PMC10960280 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain homeostasis refers to the normal working state of the brain in a certain period, which is important for overall health and normal life activities. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment methods for the adverse consequences caused by brain homeostasis imbalance. Snapin is a protein that assists in the formation of neuronal synapses and plays a crucial role in the normal growth and development of synapses. Recently, many researchers have reported the association between snapin and neurologic and psychiatric disorders, demonstrating that snapin can improve brain homeostasis. Clinical manifestations of brain disease often involve imbalances in brain homeostasis and may lead to neurological and behavioral sequelae. This article aims to explore the role of snapin in restoring brain homeostasis after injury or diseases, highlighting its significance in maintaining brain homeostasis and treating brain diseases. Additionally, it comprehensively discusses the implications of snapin in other extracerebral diseases such as diabetes and viral infections, with the objective of determining the clinical potential of snapin in maintaining brain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Li
- Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine, Key Lab of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, China (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinqi Huang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yumei An
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xueshi Chen
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiyang Chen
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingyuan Xu
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiyan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine, Key Lab of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, China (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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8
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Zhang J, Pan X, Ji W, Zhou J. Autophagy mediated targeting degradation, a promising strategy in drug development. Bioorg Chem 2024; 149:107466. [PMID: 38843684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation (TPD) technologies have become promising therapeutic approaches through degrading disease-causing proteins via the protein degradation system. Autophagy is a fundamental biological process with a high relationship to protein degradation, which belongs to one of two main protein degradation pathways, the autophagy-lysosomal system. Recently, various autophagy-based TPD techniques ATTECs, AUTACs, and AUTOTACs, etc, have also been gradually developed, and they have achieved efficient degradation potency for the targeted protein, expanding the potential of degradation for large-size proteins or protein aggregates. Herein, we introduce the machinery of autophagy and its relation to protein degradation, and multiple methods for using autophagy to specifically degrade target proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, PR China
| | - Xiangyi Pan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, PR China
| | - Wenshu Ji
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, PR China
| | - Jinming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, PR China.
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9
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García-Navarrete C, Kretschmar C, Toledo J, Gutiérrez K, Hernández-Cáceres MP, Budini M, Parra V, Burgos PV, Lavandero S, Morselli E, Peña-Oyarzún D, Criollo A. PKD2 regulates autophagy and forms a protein complex with BECN1 at the primary cilium of hypothalamic neuronal cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167256. [PMID: 38782303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The primary cilium, hereafter cilium, is an antenna-like organelle that modulates intracellular responses, including autophagy, a lysosomal degradation process essential for cell homeostasis. Dysfunction of the cilium is associated with impairment of autophagy and diseases known as "ciliopathies". The discovery of autophagy-related proteins at the base of the cilium suggests its potential role in coordinating autophagy initiation in response to physiopathological stimuli. One of these proteins, beclin-1 (BECN1), it which is necessary for autophagosome biogenesis. Additionally, polycystin-2 (PKD2), a calcium channel enriched at the cilium, is required and sufficient to induce autophagy in renal and cancer cells. We previously demonstrated that PKD2 and BECN1 form a protein complex at the endoplasmic reticulum in non-ciliated cells, where it initiates autophagy, but whether this protein complex is present at the cilium remains unknown. Anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are ciliated cells that require autophagy to maintain intracellular homeostasis. POMC neurons are sensitive to metabolic changes, modulating signaling pathways crucial for controlling food intake. Exposure to the saturated fatty acid palmitic acid (PA) reduces ciliogenesis and inhibits autophagy in these cells. Here, we show that PKD2 and BECN1 form a protein complex in N43/5 cells, an in vitro model of POMC neurons, and that both PKD2 and BECN1 locate at the cilium. In addition, our data show that the cilium is required for PKD2-BECN1 protein complex formation and that PA disrupts the PKD2-BECN1 complex, suppressing autophagy. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms by which the cilium controls autophagy in hypothalamic neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila García-Navarrete
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas (ICOD), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Kretschmar
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas (ICOD), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Toledo
- Advanced Scientific Equipment Network (REDECA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Karla Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas (ICOD), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Hernández-Cáceres
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas (ICOD), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Budini
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas (ICOD), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Parra
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas & Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas & Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia V Burgos
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile; Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avenida Del Valle Norte #725, Huechuraba 8580702, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas & Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas & Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile; Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Peña-Oyarzún
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas (ICOD), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas & Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Faculty of Odontology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Chile.
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas (ICOD), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas & Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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10
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Restrepo LJ, Baehrecke EH. Regulation and Functions of Autophagy During Animal Development. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168473. [PMID: 38311234 PMCID: PMC11260256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is used to degrade cytoplasmic materials, and is critical to maintain cell and organismal health in diverse animals. Here we discuss the regulation, utilization and impact of autophagy on development, including roles in oogenesis, spermatogenesis and embryogenesis in animals. We also describe how autophagy influences postembryonic development in the context of neuronal and cardiac development, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. We describe recent studies of selective autophagy during development, including mitochondria-selective autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-selective autophagy. Studies of developing model systems have also been used to discover novel regulators of autophagy, and we explain how studies of autophagy in these physiologically relevant systems are advancing our understanding of this important catabolic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J Restrepo
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
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11
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Passarella S, Kethiswaran S, Brandes K, Tsai IC, Cebulski K, Kröger A, Dieterich DC, Landgraf P. Alteration of cGAS-STING signaling pathway components in the mouse cortex and hippocampus during healthy brain aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1429005. [PMID: 39149145 PMCID: PMC11324507 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1429005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The cGAS-STING pathway is a pivotal element of the innate immune system, recognizing cytosolic DNA to initiate the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study investigates the alterations of the cGAS-STING signaling components in the cortex and hippocampus of mice aged 24 and 108 weeks. In the cortex of old mice, an increase in the dsDNA sensor protein cGAS and its product 2'3'-cGAMP was observed, without corresponding activation of downstream signaling, suggesting an uncoupling of cGAS activity from STING activation. This phenomenon may be attributed to increased dsDNA concentrations in the EC neurons, potentially arising from nuclear DNA damage. Contrastingly, the hippocampus did not exhibit increased cGAS activity with aging, but there was a notable elevation in STING levels, particularly in microglia, neurons and astrocytes. This increase in STING did not correlate with enhanced IRF3 activation, indicating that brain inflammation induced by the cGAS-STING pathway may manifest extremely late in the aging process. Furthermore, we highlight the role of autophagy and its interplay with the cGAS-STING pathway, with evidence of autophagy dysfunction in aged hippocampal neurons leading to STING accumulation. These findings underscore the complexity of the cGAS-STING pathway's involvement in brain aging, with regional variations in activity and potential implications for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Passarella
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Shananthan Kethiswaran
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karina Brandes
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - I-Chin Tsai
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Cebulski
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Kröger
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Innate Immunity and Infection, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniela C Dieterich
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Landgraf
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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12
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Song SS, Druschel LN, Kasthuri NM, Wang JJ, Conard JH, Chan ER, Acharya AP, Capadona JR. Comprehensive proteomic analysis of the differential expression of 62 proteins following intracortical microelectrode implantation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17596. [PMID: 39080300 PMCID: PMC11289480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrodes (IMEs) are devices designed to be implanted into the cerebral cortex for various neuroscience and neuro-engineering applications. A critical feature of IMEs is their ability to detect neural activity from individual neurons. Currently, IMEs are limited by chronic failure, largely considered to be caused by the prolonged neuroinflammatory response to the implanted devices. Over the past few years, the characterization of the neuroinflammatory response has grown in sophistication, with the most recent advances focusing on mRNA expression following IME implantation. While gene expression studies increase our broad understanding of the relationship between IMEs and cortical tissue, advanced proteomic techniques have not been reported. Proteomic evaluation is necessary to describe the diverse changes in protein expression specific to neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, or tissue and cellular viability, which could lead to the further development of targeted intervention strategies designed to improve IME functionality. In this study, we have characterized the expression of 62 proteins within 180 μm of the IME implant site at 4-, 8-, and 16-weeks post-implantation. We identified potential targets for immunotherapies, as well as key pathways that contribute to neuronal dieback around the IME implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney S Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lindsey N Druschel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Niveda M Kasthuri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jaime J Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jacob H Conard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - E Ricky Chan
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Abhinav P Acharya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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13
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Liang Y, Li Y, Jiao Q, Wei M, Wang Y, Cui A, Li Z, Li G. Axonal mitophagy in retinal ganglion cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:382. [PMID: 39075570 PMCID: PMC11285280 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurons, exhibiting unique polarized structures, rely primarily on the mitochondrial production of ATP to maintain their hypermetabolic energy requirements. To maintain a normal energy supply, mitochondria are transported to the distal end of the axon. When mitochondria within the axon are critically damaged beyond their compensatory capacity, they are cleared via autophagosomal phagocytosis, and the degradation products are recycled to replenish energy. When the mitochondria are dysfunctional or their transport processes are blocked, axons become susceptible to degeneration triggered by energy depletion, resulting in neurodegenerative diseases. As the final checkpoint for mitochondrial quality control, axonal mitophagy is vital for neuronal growth, development, injury, and regeneration. Furthermore, abnormal axonal mitophagy is crucial in the pathogenesis of optic nerve-related diseases such as glaucoma. We review recent studies on axonal mitophagy and summarize the progress of research on axonal mitophagy in optic nerve-related diseases to provide insights into diseases associated with axonal damage in optic ganglion cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Qing Jiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Muyang Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Aoteng Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
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14
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Lesport E, Commeau L, Genet M, Baulieu EE, Tawk M, Giustiniani J. A decrease in Fkbp52 alters autophagosome maturation and A152T-tau clearance in vivo. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1425222. [PMID: 39119047 PMCID: PMC11306173 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1425222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The failure of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway to clear the pathogenic forms of Tau exacerbates the pathogenesis of tauopathies. We have previously shown that the immunophilin FKBP52 interacts both physically and functionally with Tau, and that a decrease in FKBP52 protein levels is associated with Tau deposition in affected human brains. We have also shown that FKBP52 is physiologically present within the lysosomal system in healthy human neurons and that a decrease in FKBP52 expression alters perinuclear lysosomal positioning and Tau clearance during Tau-induced proteotoxic stress in vitro. In this study, we generate a zebrafish fkbp4 loss of function mutant and show that axonal retrograde trafficking of Lamp1 vesicles is altered in this mutant. Moreover, using our transgenic HuC::mCherry-EGFP-LC3 line, we demonstrate that the autophagic flux is impaired in fkbp4 mutant embryos, suggesting a role for Fkbp52 in the maturation of autophagic vesicles. Alterations in both axonal transport and autophagic flux are more evident in heterozygous rather than homozygous fkbp4 mutants. Finally, taking advantage of the previously described A152T-Tau transgenic fish, we show that the clearance of pathogenic A152T-Tau mutant proteins is slower in fkbp4 +/- mutants in comparison to fkbp4 +/+ larvae. Altogether, these results indicate that Fkbp52 is required for the normal trafficking and maturation of lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles along axons, and that its decrease is sufficient to hinder the clearance of pathogenic Tau in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Lesport
- Institut Professeur Baulieu, INSERM U1195, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- INSERM U1195, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Lucie Commeau
- Institut Professeur Baulieu, INSERM U1195, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mélanie Genet
- Institut Professeur Baulieu, INSERM U1195, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Etienne-Emile Baulieu
- Institut Professeur Baulieu, INSERM U1195, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- INSERM U1195, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marcel Tawk
- INSERM U1195, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Julien Giustiniani
- Institut Professeur Baulieu, INSERM U1195, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- INSERM U1195, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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15
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Bjornson KJ, Vanderplow AM, Bhasker AI, Cahill ME. Increased regional activity of a pro-autophagy pathway in schizophrenia as a contributor to sex differences in the disease pathology. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101652. [PMID: 39019008 PMCID: PMC11293356 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Based on recent genome-wide association studies, it is theorized that altered regulation of autophagy contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. As activity of autophagy-regulatory pathways is controlled by discrete phosphorylation sites on the relevant proteins, phospho-protein profiling is one of the few approaches available for enabling a quantitative assessment of autophagic activity in the brain. Despite this, a comprehensive phospho-protein assessment in the brains of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder subjects is currently lacking. Using this direction, our broad screening identifies an increase in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated phospho-activation of the pro-autophagy protein beclin-1 solely in the prefrontal cortex of female, but not male, schizophrenia subjects. Using a reverse translational approach, we surprisingly find that this increase in beclin-1 activity facilitates synapse formation and enhances cognition. These findings are interpreted in the context of human studies demonstrating that female schizophrenia subjects have a lower susceptibility to cognitive dysfunction than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Bjornson
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Amanda M Vanderplow
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Aishwarya I Bhasker
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Michael E Cahill
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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16
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Nishida R, Nukaga S, Kawahara I, Miyagawa Y, Goto K, Nakashima C, Luo Y, Sasaki T, Fujii K, Ohmori H, Ogata R, Mori S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Kuniyasu H. Differential Effects of Three Medium-Chain Fatty Acids on Mitochondrial Quality Control and Skeletal Muscle Maturation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:821. [PMID: 39061890 PMCID: PMC11273902 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutritional interventions are one focus of sarcopenia treatment. As medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are oxidized in the mitochondria and produce energy through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), they are key parts of nutritional interventions. We investigated the in vitro effects of three types of MCFA, caprylic acid (C8), capric acid (C10), and lauric acid (C12), in skeletal muscle cells. Compared with C10 and C12, C8 promoted mitophagy through the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase 1-Parkin pathway and increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α and dynamin-related protein 1 to reduce mitochondrial oxidative stress and promote OXPHOS. Furthermore, the expression of myogenic differentiation 1 and myosin heavy chain increased in myotubes, thus promoting muscle differentiation and maturation. These results suggest that C8 improves mitochondrial quality and promotes skeletal muscle maturation; in contrast, C10 and C12 poorly promoted mitochondrial quality control and oxidative stress and suppressed energy production. Future animal experiments are required to establish the usefulness of C8 for nutritional interventions for sarcopenia.
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Grants
- 23K16547 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 22K17655 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 19K16564 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20K21659 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 21K06926 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 22K11423 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (R.N.); (S.N.); (I.K.); (Y.M.); (K.G.); (C.N.); (Y.L.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (H.O.); (R.O.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.)
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17
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Liu R, Jiang L, Chen Y, Shao J, Chen K, Li X, Lv J, Cai W, Cai H, Zhu Z, Wang C, Zhou K, Huang J, Xiao J, Ni W, Wu C. Ginsenoside-Rh2 Promotes Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury by Enhancing TFEB-Mediated Autophagy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14727-14746. [PMID: 38907713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Background: Following spinal cord injury (SCI), autophagy plays a positive role in neuronal protection, whereas pyroptosis triggers an inflammatory response. Ginsenoside-Rh2 (GRh2), known for its neuroprotective effects, is considered a promising drug. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying these protective effects remain unclear. Aim of the Study: Explore the therapeutic value of GRh2 in SCI and its potential mechanisms of action. Materials and Methods: An SCI mouse model was established, followed by random grouping and drug treatments under different conditions. Subsequently, the functional recovery of SCI mice after GRh2 treatment was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and Nissl staining, footprint analysis, Basso Mouse Scale scoring, and inclined plane tests. The expression levels of relevant indicators in the mice were detected using Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Network pharmacology analysis was used to identify the relevant signaling pathways through which GRh2 exerts its therapeutic effects. Results: GRh2 promoted functional recovery after SCI. GRh2 significantly inhibits pyroptosis by enhancing autophagy in SCI mice. Simultaneously, the neuroprotective effect of GRh2, achieved through the inhibition of pyroptosis, is partially reversed by 3-methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor. Additionally, the increase in autophagy induced by GRh2 is mediated by the promotion of transcription factor EB (TFEB) nuclear translocation and dephosphorylation. Partial attenuation of the protective effects of GRh2 was observed after TFEB knockdown. Additionally, GRh2 can modulate the activity of TFEB in mice post-SCI through the EGFR-MAPK signaling pathway, and NSC228155 (an EGFR activator) can partially reverse the effect of GRh2 on the EGFR-MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusions: GRh2 improves functional recovery after SCI by upregulating TFEB-mediated autophagic flux and inhibiting pyroptosis, indicating its potential clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjie Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Liting Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yituo Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jiaqin Shao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Kongbin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Junlei Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Wanta Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Haoxu Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zhefan Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Chenggui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jinfeng Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wenfei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Chenyu Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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18
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Fu S, Sun H, Wang J, Gao S, Zhu L, Cui K, Liu S, Qi X, Guan R, Fan X, Liu Q, Chen W, Su L, Cui S, Liao F, Liu F, Wong CCL, Yi M, Wan Y. Impaired neuronal macroautophagy in the prelimbic cortex contributes to comorbid anxiety-like behaviors in rats with chronic neuropathic pain. Autophagy 2024; 20:1559-1576. [PMID: 38522078 PMCID: PMC11210912 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2330038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A large proportion of patients with chronic pain experience co-morbid anxiety. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is proposed to underlie this comorbidity, but the molecular and neuronal mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we reported that impaired neuronal macroautophagy in the prelimbic cortical (PrL) subregion of the mPFC paralleled the occurrence of anxiety-like behaviors in rats with chronic spared nerve injury (SNI). Intriguingly, such macroautophagy impairment was mainly observed in a FOS/c-Fos+ neuronal subpopulation in the PrL. Chemogenetic inactivation of this comorbid anxiety-related neuronal ensemble relieved pain-induced anxiety-like behaviors. Rescuing macroautophagy impairment in this neuronal ensemble relieved chronic pain-associated anxiety and mechanical allodynia and restored synaptic homeostasis at the molecular level. By contrast, artificial disruption of macroautophagy induced early-onset co-morbid anxiety in neuropathic rats, but not general anxiety in normal rats. Taken together, our work identifies causal linkage between PrL neuronal macroautophagy dysfunction and comorbid anxiety in neuropathic pain and provides novel insights into the role of PrL by differentiating its contribution in pain-induced comorbid anxiety from its modulation over general anxiety-like behaviors.Abbreviation: AAV: adeno-associated viruses; ACC: anterior cingulate cortex; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; ATG12: autophagy related 12; CAMK2/CaMKII: calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; CNO: clozapine-N-oxide; CQ: chloroquine; DIA: data independent acquisition; DIO: double floxed inverse orf; DLG4/PSD-95: discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4; Dox: doxycycline; GABA: γ-aminobutyric acid; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GO: gene ontology; Gi: inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding proteins; HsCHRM4/M4D: human cholinergic receptor muscarinic 4; HsSYN: human synapsin; KEGG: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; LC3-II: PE conjugated microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain3; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; mPFC: medial prefrontal cortex; P2A: 2A self-cleaving peptide; PPI: protein-protein interaction networks; PrL: prelimbic cortex; RBFOX3/NeuN: RNA binding protein, fox-1 homolog (C. elegans) 3; rtTA: reverse tetracycline-transactivator; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; SHANK3: SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3; SLC1A1/EAAC1: solute carrier family 1 (neuronal/epithelial high affinity glutamate transporter, systemXag), member 1; SNAP23: synaptosomal-associated protein 23; SNI:spared nerve injury; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; SYT3: synaptotagmin 3; TRE: tetracycline-responsive element; TRE3G: third-generation tetracycline-responsive element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Fu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Sun
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuaixin Gao
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences & James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 309 Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Liu Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Cui
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimeng Liu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuetao Qi
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Guan
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocen Fan
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingying Liu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Su
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Cui
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Liao
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyu Liu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - You Wan
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, P.R. China
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19
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Bonanni R, Cariati I, Cifelli P, Frank C, Annino G, Tancredi V, D'Arcangelo G. Exercise to Counteract Alzheimer's Disease: What Do Fluid Biomarkers Say? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6951. [PMID: 39000060 PMCID: PMC11241657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) represent an unsolved problem to date with an ever-increasing population incidence. Particularly, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most widespread ND characterized by an accumulation of amyloid aggregates of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and Tau proteins that lead to neuronal death and subsequent cognitive decline. Although neuroimaging techniques are needed to diagnose AD, the investigation of biomarkers within body fluids could provide important information on neurodegeneration. Indeed, as there is no definitive solution for AD, the monitoring of these biomarkers is of strategic importance as they are useful for both diagnosing AD and assessing the progression of the neurodegenerative state. In this context, exercise is known to be an effective non-pharmacological management strategy for AD that can counteract cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. However, investigation of the concentration of fluid biomarkers in AD patients undergoing exercise protocols has led to unclear and often conflicting results, suggesting the need to clarify the role of exercise in modulating fluid biomarkers in AD. Therefore, this critical literature review aims to gather evidence on the main fluid biomarkers of AD and the modulatory effects of exercise to clarify the efficacy and usefulness of this non-pharmacological strategy in counteracting neurodegeneration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bonanni
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Cariati
- Department of Systems Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Cifelli
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudio Frank
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Annino
- Department of Systems Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Sports Engineering Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Tancredi
- Department of Systems Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Arcangelo
- Department of Systems Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
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20
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Singh A, Cheng D, Swaminathan J, Yang Y, Zheng Y, Gordon N, Gopalakrishnan V. REST-dependent downregulation of von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor promotes autophagy in SHH-medulloblastoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13596. [PMID: 38866867 PMCID: PMC11169471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The RE1 silencing transcription factor (REST) is a driver of sonic hedgehog (SHH) medulloblastoma genesis. Our previous studies showed that REST enhances cell proliferation, metastasis and vascular growth and blocks neuronal differentiation to drive progression of SHH medulloblastoma tumors. Here, we demonstrate that REST promotes autophagy, a pathway that is found to be significantly enriched in human medulloblastoma tumors relative to normal cerebella. In SHH medulloblastoma tumor xenografts, REST elevation is strongly correlated with increased expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α)-a positive regulator of autophagy, and with reduced expression of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor protein - a component of an E3 ligase complex that ubiquitinates HIF1α. Human SHH-medulloblastoma tumors with higher REST expression exhibit nuclear localization of HIF1α, in contrast to its cytoplasmic localization in low-REST tumors. In vitro, REST knockdown promotes an increase in VHL levels and a decrease in cytoplasmic HIF1α protein levels, and autophagy flux. In contrast, REST elevation causes a decline in VHL levels, as well as its interaction with HIF1α, resulting in a reduction in HIF1α ubiquitination and an increase in autophagy flux. These data suggest that REST elevation promotes autophagy in SHH medulloblastoma cells by modulating HIF1α ubiquitination and stability in a VHL-dependent manner. Thus, our study is one of the first to connect VHL to REST-dependent control of autophagy in a subset of medulloblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Singh
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Donghang Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jyothishmathi Swaminathan
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yanwen Yang
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nancy Gordon
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Vidya Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Graduate School for Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave, S3.8344 Mitchell BSRB, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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21
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Zhao Y, Xu K, Shu F, Zhang F. Neurotropic virus infection and neurodegenerative diseases: Potential roles of autophagy pathway. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14548. [PMID: 38082503 PMCID: PMC11163195 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) constitute a group of disorders characterized by the progressive deterioration of nervous system functionality. Currently, the precise etiological factors responsible for NDs remain incompletely elucidated, although it is probable that a combination of aging, genetic predisposition, and environmental stressors participate in this process. Accumulating evidence indicates that viral infections, especially neurotropic viruses, can contribute to the onset and progression of NDs. In this review, emerging evidence supporting the association between viral infection and NDs is summarized, and how the autophagy pathway mediated by viral infection can cause pathological aggregation of cellular proteins associated with various NDs is discussed. Furthermore, autophagy-related genes (ARGs) involved in Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) infection and NDs are analyzed, and whether these genes could link HSV-1 infection to NDs is discussed. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying NDs is critical for developing targeted therapeutic approaches that prevent the onset and slow the progression of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐jia Zhao
- Laboratory Animal CentreZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Kai‐fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou ProvinceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Fu‐xing Shu
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy UtilizationZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Feng Zhang
- Laboratory Animal CentreZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou ProvinceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
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22
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Liu Y, Chen L, Lin L, Xu C, Xiong Y, Qiu H, Li X, Li S, Cao H. Unveiling the hidden pathways: Exploring astrocytes as a key target for depression therapy. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 174:101-113. [PMID: 38626560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Depressive disorders are widely debilitating psychiatric disease. Despite the considerable progress in the field of depression therapy, extensive research spanning many decades has failed to uncover pathogenic pathways that might aid in the creation of long-acting and rapid-acting antidepressants. Consequently, it is imperative to reconsider existing approaches and explore other targets to improve this area of study. In contemporary times, several scholarly investigations have unveiled that persons who have received a diagnosis of depression, as well as animal models employed to study depression, demonstrate a decrease in both the quantity as well as density of astrocytes, accompanied by alterations in gene expression and morphological attributes. Astrocytes rely on a diverse array of channels and receptors to facilitate their neurotransmitter transmission inside tripartite synapses. This study aimed to investigate the potential processes behind the development of depression, specifically focusing on astrocyte-associated neuroinflammation and the involvement of several molecular components such as connexin 43, potassium channel Kir4.1, aquaporin 4, glutamatergic aspartic acid transporter protein, SLC1A2 or GLT-1, glucocorticoid receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B, and autophagy, that localized on the surface of astrocytes. The study also explores novel approaches in the treatment of depression, with a focus on astrocytes, offering innovative perspectives on potential antidepressant medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Lin Lin
- Scientific Research Management Department, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Caijuan Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Yifan Xiong
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Huiwen Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Sixin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
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23
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Cai M, Wan J, Cai K, Li S, Du X, Song H, Sun W, Hu J. The mitochondrial quality control system: a new target for exercise therapeutic intervention in the treatment of brain insulin resistance-induced neurodegeneration in obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:749-763. [PMID: 38379083 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health concern because of its strong association with metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases such as diabetes, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. Unfortunately, brain insulin resistance in obesity is likely to lead to neuroplasticity deficits. Since the evidence shows that insulin resistance in brain regions abundant in insulin receptors significantly alters mitochondrial efficiency and function, strategies targeting the mitochondrial quality control system may be of therapeutic and practical value in obesity-induced cognitive decline. Exercise is considered as a powerful stimulant of mitochondria that improves insulin sensitivity and enhances neuroplasticity. It has great potential as a non-pharmacological intervention against the onset and progression of obesity associated neurodegeneration. Here, we integrate the current knowledge of the mechanisms of neurodegenration in obesity and focus on brain insulin resistance to explain the relationship between the impairment of neuronal plasticity and mitochondrial dysfunction. This knowledge was synthesised to explore the exercise paradigm as a feasible intervention for obese neurodegenration in terms of improving brain insulin signals and regulating the mitochondrial quality control system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cai
- Jinshan District Central Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201599, China
| | - Jian Wan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China
| | - Keren Cai
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Shuyao Li
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Xinlin Du
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Haihan Song
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China
| | - Wanju Sun
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China.
| | - Jingyun Hu
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China.
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24
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Zhu J, Huang M, Jiang P, Wang J, Zhu R, Liu C. Myclobutanil induces neurotoxicity by activating autophagy and apoptosis in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:142027. [PMID: 38621487 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Myclobutanil (MYC), a typical broad-spectrum triazole fungicide, is often detected in surface water. This study aimed to explore the neurotoxicity of MYC and the underlying mechanisms in zebrafish and in PC12 cells. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0, 0.5 and 1 mg/L of MYC from 4 to 96 h post fertilization (hpf) and neurobehavior was evaluated. Our data showed that MYC decreased the survival rate, hatching rate and heart rate, but increased the malformation rate and spontaneous movement. MYC caused abnormal neurobehaviors characterized by decreased swimming distance and movement time. MYC impaired cerebral histopathological morphology and inhibited neurogenesis in HuC:egfp transgenic zebrafish. MYC also reduced the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and downregulated neurodevelopment related genes (gfap, syn2a, gap43 and mbp) in zebrafish and PC12 cells. Besides, MYC activated autophagy through enhanced expression of the LC3-II protein and suppressed expression of the p62 protein and autophagosome formation, subsequently triggering apoptosis by upregulating apoptotic genes (p53, bax, bcl-2 and caspase 3) and the cleaved caspase-3 protein in zebrafish and PC12 cells. These processes were restored by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) both in vivo and in vitro, indicating that MYC induces neurotoxicity by activating autophagy and apoptosis. Overall, this study revealed the potential autophagy and apoptosis mechanisms of MYC-induced neurotoxicity and provided novel strategies to counteract its toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Zhu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingtao Huang
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Peiyun Jiang
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Renfei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chunlan Liu
- School of Public Health Management, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing 211800, China.
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25
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Tempes A, Bogusz K, Brzozowska A, Weslawski J, Macias M, Tkaczyk O, Orzoł K, Lew A, Calka-Kresa M, Bernas T, Szczepankiewicz AA, Mlostek M, Kumari S, Liszewska E, Machnicka K, Bakun M, Rubel T, Malik AR, Jaworski J. Autophagy initiation triggers p150 Glued-AP-2β interaction on the lysosomes and facilitates their transport. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:218. [PMID: 38758395 PMCID: PMC11101406 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The endocytic adaptor protein 2 (AP-2) complex binds dynactin as part of its noncanonical function, which is necessary for dynein-driven autophagosome transport along microtubules in neuronal axons. The absence of this AP-2-dependent transport causes neuronal morphology simplification and neurodegeneration. The mechanisms that lead to formation of the AP-2-dynactin complex have not been studied to date. However, the inhibition of mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) enhances the transport of newly formed autophagosomes by influencing the biogenesis and protein interactions of Rab-interacting lysosomal protein (RILP), another dynein cargo adaptor. We tested effects of mTORC1 inhibition on interactions between the AP-2 and dynactin complexes, with a focus on their two essential subunits, AP-2β and p150Glued. We found that the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin enhanced p150Glued-AP-2β complex formation in both neurons and non-neuronal cells. Additional analysis revealed that the p150Glued-AP-2β interaction was indirect and required integrity of the dynactin complex. In non-neuronal cells rapamycin-driven enhancement of the p150Glued-AP-2β interaction also required the presence of cytoplasmic linker protein 170 (CLIP-170), the activation of autophagy, and an undisturbed endolysosomal system. The rapamycin-dependent p150Glued-AP-2β interaction occurred on lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (Lamp-1)-positive organelles but without the need for autolysosome formation. Rapamycin treatment also increased the acidification and number of acidic organelles and increased speed of the long-distance retrograde movement of Lamp-1-positive organelles. Altogether, our results indicate that autophagy regulates the p150Glued-AP-2β interaction, possibly to coordinate sufficient motor-adaptor complex availability for effective lysosome transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tempes
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Bogusz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Brzozowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Weslawski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matylda Macias
- Microscopy and Flow Cytometry Core Facility, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oliver Tkaczyk
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Orzoł
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Lew
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Tytus Bernas
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Microscopy Facility, Department of Anatomy and Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Magdalena Mlostek
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shiwani Kumari
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Liszewska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Machnicka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bakun
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tymon Rubel
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna R Malik
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland.
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Group, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa St. 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jacek Jaworski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Ks. Trojdena St. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland.
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Chen PA, Chang PC, Yeh WW, Hu TY, Hong YC, Wang YC, Huang WJ, Lin TP. The lncRNA TPT1-AS1 promotes the survival of neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells by facilitating autophagy. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:2103-2123. [PMID: 38859837 PMCID: PMC11162664 DOI: 10.62347/imbv8599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The lncRNA tumor protein translationally controlled 1-antisense RNA 1 (TPT1-AS1) is known for its oncogenic role in various cancers, but its impact on the pathological progression of prostate cancer remains unclear. Our previous study demonstrated that the RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) regulates neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in prostate cancer (PCA) by derepressing specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including TPT1-AS1. In this study, we revealed that TPT1-AS1 is overexpressed in LNCaP and C4-2B cells after IL-6 and enzalutamide treatment. By analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) prostate adenocarcinoma dataset, we detected upregulated TPT1-AS1 expression in neuroendocrine-associated PCA but not in prostate adenocarcinoma. Single-cell RNA sequencing data further confirmed the increased TPT1-AS1 levels in neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) cells. Surprisingly, functional experiments indicated that TPT1-AS1 overexpression had no stimulatory effect on NED in LNCaP cells and that TPT1-AS1 knockdown did not inhibit IL-6-induced NED. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the essential role of TPT1-AS1 in synaptogenesis and autophagy activation in neuroendocrine differentiated PCA cells induced by IL-6 and enzalutamide treatment. TPT1-AS1 was found to regulate the expression of autophagy-related genes that maintain neuroendocrine cell survival through autophagy activation. In conclusion, our data expand the current knowledge of REST-repressed lncRNAs in NED in PCA and highlight the contribution of TPT1-AS1 to protect neuroendocrine cells from cell death rather than inducing NED. Our study suggested that TPT1-AS1 plays a cytoprotective role in NEPC cells; thus, targeting TPT1-AS1 is a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-An Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ching Chang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Wayne W Yeh
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Tze-Yun Hu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chih Hong
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - William J Huang
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ping Lin
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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27
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Yan L, Li Z, Li C, Chen J, Zhou X, Cui J, Liu P, Shen C, Chen C, Hong H, Xu G, Cui Z. Hspb1 and Lgals3 in spinal neurons are closely associated with autophagy following excitotoxicity based on machine learning algorithms. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303235. [PMID: 38728287 PMCID: PMC11086895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Excitotoxicity represents the primary cause of neuronal death following spinal cord injury (SCI). While autophagy plays a critical and intricate role in SCI, the specific mechanism underlying the relationship between excitotoxicity and autophagy in SCI has been largely overlooked. In this study, we isolated primary spinal cord neurons from neonatal rats and induced excitotoxic neuronal injury by high concentrations of glutamic acid, mimicking an excitotoxic injury model. Subsequently, we performed transcriptome sequencing. Leveraging machine learning algorithms, including weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), random forest analysis (RF), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis (LASSO), we conducted a comprehensive investigation into key genes associated with spinal cord neuron injury. We also utilized protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis to identify pivotal proteins regulating key gene expression and analyzed key genes from public datasets (GSE2599, GSE20907, GSE45006, and GSE174549). Our findings revealed that six genes-Anxa2, S100a10, Ccng1, Timp1, Hspb1, and Lgals3-were significantly upregulated not only in vitro in neurons subjected to excitotoxic injury but also in rats with subacute SCI. Furthermore, Hspb1 and Lgals3 were closely linked to neuronal autophagy induced by excitotoxicity. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of excitotoxicity and autophagy, offering potential targets and a theoretical foundation for SCI diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zihao Li
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chuanbo Li
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiaming Cui
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Peng Liu
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chong Shen
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chu Chen
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hongxiang Hong
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guanhua Xu
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhiming Cui
- The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Research Institute for Spine and Spinal Cord Disease of Nantong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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28
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Yang K, Yan Y, Yu A, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Qiu Z, Li Z, Zhang Q, Wu S, Li F. Mitophagy in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:998-1005. [PMID: 37862201 PMCID: PMC10749592 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical cellular energy resources and are central to the life of the neuron. Mitophagy selectively clears damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria through autophagic machinery to maintain mitochondrial quality control and homeostasis. Mature neurons are postmitotic and consume substantial energy, thus require highly efficient mitophagy pathways to turn over damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria. Recent evidence indicates that mitophagy is pivotal to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. However, more work is needed to study mitophagy pathway components as potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we briefly discuss the characteristics of nonselective autophagy and selective autophagy, including ERphagy, aggrephagy, and mitophagy. We then introduce the mechanisms of Parkin-dependent and Parkin-independent mitophagy pathways under physiological conditions. Next, we summarize the diverse repertoire of mitochondrial membrane receptors and phospholipids that mediate mitophagy. Importantly, we review the critical role of mitophagy in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Last, we discuss recent studies considering mitophagy as a potential therapeutic target for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Together, our review may provide novel views to better understand the roles of mitophagy in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Yang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatric & Child Primary Care, Brain and Behavioural Research Unit of Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research and MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuqing Yan
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Anni Yu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuefang Zhang
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilong Qiu
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyi Li
- Neurosurgery Department, Kunming Yenan Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qianlong Zhang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatric & Child Primary Care, Brain and Behavioural Research Unit of Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research and MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shihao Wu
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatric & Child Primary Care, Brain and Behavioural Research Unit of Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research and MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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29
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Moukham H, Lambiase A, Barone GD, Tripodi F, Coccetti P. Exploiting Natural Niches with Neuroprotective Properties: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1298. [PMID: 38732545 PMCID: PMC11085272 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products from mushrooms, plants, microalgae, and cyanobacteria have been intensively explored and studied for their preventive or therapeutic potential. Among age-related pathologies, neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases) represent a worldwide health and social problem. Since several pathological mechanisms are associated with neurodegeneration, promising strategies against neurodegenerative diseases are aimed to target multiple processes. These approaches usually avoid premature cell death and the loss of function of damaged neurons. This review focuses attention on the preventive and therapeutic potential of several compounds derived from natural sources, which could be exploited for their neuroprotective effect. Curcumin, resveratrol, ergothioneine, and phycocyanin are presented as examples of successful approaches, with a special focus on possible strategies to improve their delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Moukham
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (H.M.); (A.L.); (P.C.)
| | - Alessia Lambiase
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (H.M.); (A.L.); (P.C.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Farida Tripodi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (H.M.); (A.L.); (P.C.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Coccetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (H.M.); (A.L.); (P.C.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
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30
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Zhu H, Zhou L, Tang J, Xu Y, Wang W, Shi W, Li Z, Zhang L, Ding Z, Xi K, Gu Y, Chen L. Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Composite Fibers Regulate Oxidative Metabolism through Internal and External Factors to Promote the Recovery of Nerve Function. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401241. [PMID: 38660829 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
It is challenging to sufficiently regulate endogenous neuronal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and reconstruct neural networks under spinal cord injury conditions. Here, hydrogel surface grafting and microsol electrospinning are used to construct a composite biomimetic scaffold with "external-endogenous" dual regulation of ROS. The outer hydrogel enhances local autophagy through responsive degradation and rapid release of rapamycin (≈80% within a week), neutralizing extracellular ROS and inhibiting endogenous ROS production, further reducing neuronal apoptosis. The inner directional fibers continuously supply brain-derived neurotrophic factors to guide axonal growth. The results of in vitro co-culturing show that the dual regulation of oxidative metabolism by the composite scaffold approximately doubles the neuronal autophagy level, reduces 60% of the apoptosis induced by oxidative stress, and increases the differentiation of neural stem cells into neuron-like cells by ≈2.5 times. The in vivo results show that the composite fibers reduce the ROS levels by ≈80% and decrease the formation of scar tissue. RNA sequencing results show that composite scaffolds upregulate autophagy-associated proteins, antioxidase genes, and axonal growth proteins. The developed composite biomimetic scaffold represents a therapeutic strategy to achieve neurofunctional recovery through programmed and accurate bidirectional regulation of the ROS cascade response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Jincheng Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yichang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiao Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Ziang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Zhouye Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Kun Xi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yong Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
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31
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Reda SM, Setti SE, Berthiaume AA, Wu W, Taylor RW, Johnston JL, Stein LR, Moebius HJ, Church KJ. Fosgonimeton attenuates amyloid-beta toxicity in preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00350. [PMID: 38599894 PMCID: PMC11067346 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Positive modulation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on its multimodal neurotrophic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects addressing the complex pathophysiology of neurodegeneration. Fosgonimeton is a small-molecule positive modulator of the HGF system that has demonstrated neurotrophic and pro-cognitive effects in preclinical models of dementia. Herein, we evaluate the neuroprotective potential of fosgonimeton, or its active metabolite, fosgo-AM, in amyloid-beta (Aβ)-driven preclinical models of AD, providing mechanistic insight into its mode of action. In primary rat cortical neurons challenged with Aβ (Aβ1-42), fosgo-AM treatment significantly improved neuronal survival, protected neurite networks, and reduced tau hyperphosphorylation. Interrogation of intracellular events indicated that cortical neurons treated with fosgo-AM exhibited a significant decrease in mitochondrial oxidative stress and cytochrome c release. Following Aβ injury, fosgo-AM significantly enhanced activation of pro-survival effectors ERK and AKT, and reduced activity of GSK3β, one of the main kinases involved in tau hyperphosphorylation. Fosgo-AM also mitigated Aβ-induced deficits in Unc-like kinase 1 (ULK1) and Beclin-1, suggesting a potential effect on autophagy. Treatment with fosgo-AM protected cortical neurons from glutamate excitotoxicity, and such effects were abolished in the presence of an AKT or MEK/ERK inhibitor. In vivo, fosgonimeton administration led to functional improvement in an intracerebroventricular Aβ25-35 rat model of AD, as it significantly rescued cognitive function in the passive avoidance test. Together, our data demonstrate the ability of fosgonimeton to counteract mechanisms of Aβ-induced toxicity. Fosgonimeton is currently in clinical trials for mild-to-moderate AD (NCT04488419; NCT04886063).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif M Reda
- Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Sharay E Setti
- Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | | | - Wei Wu
- Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Jewel L Johnston
- Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Liana R Stein
- Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Hans J Moebius
- Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Kevin J Church
- Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA.
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32
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Sala-Gaston J, Pérez-Villegas EM, Armengol JA, Rawlins LE, Baple EL, Crosby AH, Ventura F, Rosa JL. Autophagy dysregulation via the USP20-ULK1 axis in the HERC2-related neurodevelopmental disorder. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:163. [PMID: 38570483 PMCID: PMC10991529 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01931-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sequence variants in the HERC2 gene are associated with a significant reduction in HERC2 protein levels and cause a neurodevelopmental disorder known as the HERC2-related disorder, which shares clinical features with Angelman syndrome, including global developmental delay, intellectual disability, autism, and movement disorders. Remarkably, the HERC2 gene is commonly deleted in individuals with Angelman syndrome, suggesting a potential contribution of HERC2 to the pathophysiology of this disease. Given the known critical role of autophagy in brain development and its implication in neurodevelopmental diseases, we undertook different experimental approaches to monitor autophagy in fibroblasts derived from individuals affected by the HERC2-related disorder. Our findings reveal alterations in the levels of the autophagy-related protein LC3. Furthermore, experiments with lysosomal inhibitors provide confirmation of an upregulation of the autophagy pathway in these patient-derived cells. Mechanistically, we corroborate an interaction between HERC2 and the deubiquitylating enzyme USP20; and demonstrate that HERC2 deficiency leads to increased USP20 protein levels. Notably, USP20 upregulation correlates with enhanced stability of the autophagy initiating kinase ULK1, highlighting the role of HERC2 as an autophagy regulator factor through the USP20-ULK1 axis. Moreover, we show that p38 acts as a modulator of this pathway, since p38 activation disrupts HERC2-USP20 interaction, leading to increased USP20 and LC3-II protein levels. Together, these findings uncover a previously unknown role for HERC2 in autophagy regulation and provide insights into the pathomolecular mechanisms underlying the HERC2-related disorder and Angelman syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Sala-Gaston
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Eva M Pérez-Villegas
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - José A Armengol
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Lettie E Rawlins
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Medical Research Centre, RD&E (Wonford) NHS Foundation Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital (Heavitree), Exeter, UK
| | - Emma L Baple
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Medical Research Centre, RD&E (Wonford) NHS Foundation Trust, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital (Heavitree), Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew H Crosby
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital (Heavitree), Exeter, UK
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Rosa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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33
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Binotti B, Ninov M, Cepeda AP, Ganzella M, Matti U, Riedel D, Urlaub H, Sambandan S, Jahn R. ATG9 resides on a unique population of small vesicles in presynaptic nerve terminals. Autophagy 2024; 20:883-901. [PMID: 37881948 PMCID: PMC11062364 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2274204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In neurons, autophagosome biogenesis occurs mainly in distal axons, followed by maturation during retrograde transport. Autophagosomal growth depends on the supply of membrane lipids which requires small vesicles containing ATG9, a lipid scramblase essential for macroautophagy/autophagy. Here, we show that ATG9-containing vesicles are enriched in synapses and resemble synaptic vesicles in size and density. The proteome of ATG9-containing vesicles immuno-isolated from nerve terminals showed conspicuously low levels of trafficking proteins except of the AP2-complex and some enzymes involved in endosomal phosphatidylinositol metabolism. Super resolution microscopy of nerve terminals and isolated vesicles revealed that ATG9-containing vesicles represent a distinct vesicle population with limited overlap not only with synaptic vesicles but also other membranes of the secretory pathway, uncovering a surprising heterogeneity in their membrane composition. Our results are compatible with the view that ATG9-containing vesicles function as lipid shuttles that scavenge membrane lipids from various intracellular membranes to support autophagosome biogenesis.Abbreviations: AP: adaptor related protein complex: ATG2: autophagy related 2; ATG9: autophagy related 9; DNA PAINT: DNA-based point accumulation for imaging in nanoscale topography; DyMIN STED: dynamic minimum stimulated emission depletion; EL: endosome and lysosome; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GA: Golgi apparatus; iBAQ: intensity based absolute quantification; LAMP: lysosomal-associated membrane protein; M6PR: mannose-6-phosphate receptor, cation dependent; Minflux: minimal photon fluxes; Mito: mitochondria; MS: mass spectrometry; PAS: phagophore assembly site; PM: plasma membrane; Px: peroxisome; RAB26: RAB26, member RAS oncogene family; RAB3A: RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family; RAB5A: RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family; SNARE: soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment receptor; SVs: synaptic vesicles; SYP: synaptophysin; TGN: trans-Golgi network; TRAPP: transport protein particle; VTI1: vesicle transport through interaction with t-SNAREs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyenech Binotti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Momchil Ninov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreia P. Cepeda
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcelo Ganzella
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulf Matti
- Abberior Instruments GmbH, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Riedel
- Facility for Transmission Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging : from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sivakumar Sambandan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Synaptic Metal Ion Dynamics and Signalin, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Jahn
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
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Swords SB, Jia N, Norris A, Modi J, Cai Q, Grant BD. A conserved requirement for RME-8/DNAJC13 in neuronal autophagic lysosome reformation. Autophagy 2024; 20:792-808. [PMID: 37942902 PMCID: PMC11062384 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2269028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes, forming autolysosomes that degrade engulfed cargo. To maintain lysosomal capacity, autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR) must regenerate lysosomes from autolysosomes using a membrane tubule-based process. Maintaining lysosomal capacity is required to maintain cellular health, especially in neurons where lysosomal dysfunction has been repeatedly implicated in neurodegenerative disease. The DNA-J domain HSC70 co-chaperone RME-8/DNAJC13 has been linked to endosomal coat protein regulation and to neurological disease. We report new analysis of the requirements for the RME-8/DNAJC13 protein in neurons, focusing on intact C. elegans mechanosensory neurons, and primary mouse cortical neurons in culture. Loss of RME-8/DNAJC13 in both systems results in accumulation of grossly elongated autolysosomal tubules. Further C. elegans analysis revealed a similar autolysosome tubule accumulation defect in mutants known to be required for ALR in mammals, including mutants lacking bec-1/BECN1/Beclin1 and vps-15/PIK3R4/p150 that regulate the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3K) VPS-34, and dyn-1/dynamin that severs ALR tubules. Clathrin is also an important ALR regulator implicated in autolysosome tubule formation and release. In C. elegans we found that loss of RME-8 causes severe depletion of clathrin from neuronal autolysosomes, a phenotype shared with bec-1 and vps-15 mutants. We conclude that RME-8/DNAJC13 plays a previously unrecognized role in ALR, likely affecting autolysosome tubule severing. Additionally, in both systems, loss of RME-8/DNAJC13 reduced macroautophagic/autophagic flux, suggesting feedback regulation from ALR to autophagy. Our results connecting RME-8/DNAJC13 to ALR and autophagy provide a potential mechanism by which RME-8/DNAJC13 could influence neuronal health and the progression of neurodegenerative disease.Abbreviation: ALR, autophagic lysosome reformation; ATG-13/EPG-1, AuTophaGy (yeast Atg homolog)-13; ATG-18, AuTophaGy (yeast Atg homolog)-18; AV, autophagic vacuole; CLIC-1, Clathrin Light Chain-1; EPG-3, Ectopic P Granules-3; EPG-6, Ectopic P Granules-6; LGG-1, LC3, GABARAP and GATE-16 family-1; MAP1LC3/LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; PD, Parkinson disease; PtdIns3P, phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; PtdIns(4,5)P2, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate; RME-8, Receptor Mediated Endocytosis-8; SNX-1, Sorting NeXin-1; VPS-34, related to yeast Vacuolar Protein Sorting factor-34.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra B. Swords
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Nuo Jia
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Anne Norris
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jil Modi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Qian Cai
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Barth D. Grant
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Center for Lipid Research, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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35
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Liu Y, Yang H. WIPI4 loss linked to ferroptosis. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:506-507. [PMID: 38454049 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Molecular and Translational Biology Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Hongyuan Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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36
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Zhang X, Gong H, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Cheng J, Song Y, Wang B, Qin Y, Sun M. Bisphenol S impairs mitochondrial function by targeting Myo19/oxidative phosphorylation pathway contributing to axonal and dendritic injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 186:108643. [PMID: 38615544 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to bisphenol S (BPS) is known to adversely affect neuronal development. As pivotal components of neuronal polarization, axons and dendrites are indispensable structures within neurons, crucial for the maintenance of nervous system function. Here, we investigated the impact of BPS exposure on axonal and dendritic development both in vivo and in vitro. Our results revealed that exposure to BPS during pregnancy and lactation led to a reduction in the complexity, density, and length of axons and dendrites in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of offspring. Employing RNA sequencing technology to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of axonal and dendritic damage induced by BPS, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis highlighted a significant alteration in the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway, essential for mitochondrial function. Subsequent experiments demonstrate BPS-induced impairment in mitochondrial function, including damaged morphology, decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and increased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (MDA). These alterations coincided with the downregulated expression of OXPHOS pathway-related genes (ATP6V1B1, ATP5K, NDUFC1, NDUFC2, NDUFA3, COX6B1) and Myosin 19 (Myo19). Notably, Myo19 overexpression restored the BPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by alleviating the inhibition of OXPHOS pathway. Consequently, this amelioration was associated with a reduction in BPS-induced axonal and dendritic injury observed in cultured neurons of the PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hongyang Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yangna Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jihan Cheng
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Binquan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yufeng Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mingkuan Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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37
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Song S, Druschel L, Kasthuri N, Wang J, Conard J, Chan E, Acharya A, Capadona J. Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of the Differential Expression of 83 Proteins Following Intracortical Microelectrode Implantation. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4039586. [PMID: 38559066 PMCID: PMC10980140 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4039586/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrodes (IMEs) are devices designed to be implanted into the cerebral cortex for various neuroscience and neuro-engineering applications. A critical feature of these devices is their ability to detect neural activity from individual neurons. Currently, IMEs are limited by chronic failure, largely considered to be caused by the prolonged neuroinflammatory response to the implanted devices. Over the decades, characterization of the neuroinflammatory response has grown in sophistication, with the most recent advances including advanced genomics and spatially resolved transcriptomics. While gene expression studies increase our broad understanding of the relationship between IMEs and cortical tissue, advanced proteomic techniques have not been reported. Proteomic evaluation is necessary to describe the diverse changes in protein expression specific to neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, or tissue and cellular viability, which could lead to the development of more targeted intervention strategies designed to improve IME function. In this study, we have characterized the expression of 83 proteins within 180 μm of the IME implant site at 4-, 8-, and 16-weeks post-implantation. We identified potential targets for immunotherapies, as well as key pathways and functions that contribute to neuronal dieback around the IME implant.
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Tan JYK, Chew LY, Juhász G, Yu F. Interplay between autophagy and CncC regulates dendrite pruning in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310740121. [PMID: 38408233 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310740121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is essential for the turnover of damaged organelles and long-lived proteins. It is responsible for many biological processes such as maintaining brain functions and aging. Impaired autophagy is often linked to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases in humans. However, the role of autophagy in neuronal pruning during development remains poorly understood. Here, we report that autophagy regulates dendrite-specific pruning of ddaC sensory neurons in parallel to local caspase activation. Impaired autophagy causes the formation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates in ddaC neurons, dependent on the autophagic receptor Ref(2)P. Furthermore, the metabolic regulator AMP-activated protein kinase and the insulin-target of rapamycin pathway act upstream to regulate autophagy during dendrite pruning. Importantly, autophagy is required to activate the transcription factor CncC (Cap "n" collar isoform C), thereby promoting dendrite pruning. Conversely, CncC also indirectly affects autophagic activity via proteasomal degradation, as impaired CncC results in the inhibition of autophagy through sequestration of Atg8a into ubiquitinated protein aggregates. Thus, this study demonstrates the important role of autophagy in activating CncC prior to dendrite pruning, and further reveals an interplay between autophagy and CncC in neuronal pruning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Yu Kelly Tan
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Liang Yuh Chew
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Fengwei Yu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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Hoyer MJ, Capitanio C, Smith IR, Paoli JC, Bieber A, Jiang Y, Paulo JA, Gonzalez-Lozano MA, Baumeister W, Wilfling F, Schulman BA, Harper JW. Combinatorial selective ER-phagy remodels the ER during neurogenesis. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:378-392. [PMID: 38429475 PMCID: PMC10940164 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) employs a diverse proteome landscape to orchestrate many cellular functions, ranging from protein and lipid synthesis to calcium ion flux and inter-organelle communication. A case in point concerns the process of neurogenesis, where a refined tubular ER network is assembled via ER shaping proteins into the newly formed neuronal projections to create highly polarized dendrites and axons. Previous studies have suggested a role for autophagy in ER remodelling, as autophagy-deficient neurons in vivo display axonal ER accumulation within synaptic boutons, and the membrane-embedded ER-phagy receptor FAM134B has been genetically linked with human sensory and autonomic neuropathy. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying selective removal of the ER and the role of individual ER-phagy receptors is limited. Here we combine a genetically tractable induced neuron (iNeuron) system for monitoring ER remodelling during in vitro differentiation with proteomic and computational tools to create a quantitative landscape of ER proteome remodelling via selective autophagy. Through analysis of single and combinatorial ER-phagy receptor mutants, we delineate the extent to which each receptor contributes to both the magnitude and selectivity of ER protein clearance. We define specific subsets of ER membrane or lumenal proteins as preferred clients for distinct receptors. Using spatial sensors and flux reporters, we demonstrate receptor-specific autophagic capture of ER in axons, and directly visualize tubular ER membranes within autophagosomes in neuronal projections by cryo-electron tomography. This molecular inventory of ER proteome remodelling and versatile genetic toolkit provide a quantitative framework for understanding the contributions of individual ER-phagy receptors for reshaping ER during cell state transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J Hoyer
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Cristina Capitanio
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ian R Smith
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Velia Therapeutics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Julia C Paoli
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Anna Bieber
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Yizhi Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miguel A Gonzalez-Lozano
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Florian Wilfling
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Mechanisms of Cellular Quality Control, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - J Wade Harper
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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40
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Zhao H, Fu X, Zhang Y, Chen C, Wang H. The Role of Pyroptosis and Autophagy in the Nervous System. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1271-1281. [PMID: 37697221 PMCID: PMC10896877 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conservative self-degradation system, which includes the two major processes of enveloping abnormal proteins, organelles and other macromolecules, and transferring them into lysosomes for the subsequent degradation. It holds the stability of the intracellular environment under stress. So far, three types of autophagy have been found: microautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy and macroautophagy. Many diseases have the pathological process of autophagy dysfunction, such as nervous system diseases. Pyroptosis is one kind of programmed cell death mediated by gasdermin (GSDM). In this process of pyroptosis, the activated caspase-3, caspase-4/5/11, or caspase-1 cleaves GSDM into the N-terminal pore-forming domain (PFD). The oligomer of PFD combines with the cell membrane to form membrane holes, thus leading to pyroptosis. Pyroptosis plays a key role in multiple tissues and organs. Many studies have revealed that autophagy and pyroptosis participate in the nervous system, but the mechanisms need to be fully clarified. Here, we focused on the recent articles on the role and mechanism of pyroptosis and autophagy in the pathological processes of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Zhao
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xiaodi Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Chaoran Chen
- Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
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41
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Janusz-Kaminska A, Brzozowska A, Tempes A, Urbanska M, Blazejczyk M, Miłek J, Kuzniewska B, Zeng J, Wesławski J, Kisielewska K, Bassell GJ, Jaworski J. Rab11 regulates autophagy at dendritic spines in an mTOR- and NMDA-dependent manner. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar43. [PMID: 38294869 PMCID: PMC10916872 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-02-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is a process that shapes neuronal connections during neurodevelopment and learning and memory. Autophagy is a mechanism that allows the cell to degrade its unnecessary or dysfunctional components. Autophagosomes appear at dendritic spines in response to plasticity-inducing stimuli. Autophagy defects contribute to altered dendritic spine development, autistic-like behavior in mice, and neurological disease. While several studies have explored the involvement of autophagy in synaptic plasticity, the initial steps of the emergence of autophagosomes at the postsynapse remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate a postsynaptic association of autophagy-related protein 9A (Atg9A), known to be involved in the early stages of autophagosome formation, with Rab11, a small GTPase that regulates endosomal trafficking. Rab11 activity was necessary to maintain Atg9A-positive structures at dendritic spines. Inhibition of mTOR increased Rab11 and Atg9A interaction and increased the emergence of LC3 positive vesicles, an autophagosome membrane-associated protein marker, in dendritic spines when coupled to NMDA receptor stimulation. Dendritic spines with newly formed LC3+ vesicles were more resistant to NMDA-induced morphologic change. Rab11 DN overexpression suppressed appearance of LC3+ vesicles. Collectively, these results suggest that initiation of autophagy in dendritic spines depends on neuronal activity and Rab11a-dependent Atg9A interaction that is regulated by mTOR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Janusz-Kaminska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Agnieszka Brzozowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Tempes
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Urbanska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Magdalena Blazejczyk
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jacek Miłek
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Synaptic Plasticity, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bozena Kuzniewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Synaptic Plasticity, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Juan Zeng
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jan Wesławski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Gary J. Bassell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Jacek Jaworski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
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Li YY, Qin ZH, Sheng R. The Multiple Roles of Autophagy in Neural Function and Diseases. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:363-382. [PMID: 37856037 PMCID: PMC10912456 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy involves the sequestration and delivery of cytoplasmic materials to lysosomes, where proteins, lipids, and organelles are degraded and recycled. According to the way the cytoplasmic components are engulfed, autophagy can be divided into macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Recently, many studies have found that autophagy plays an important role in neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, neuronal excitotoxicity, and cerebral ischemia. Autophagy maintains cell homeostasis in the nervous system via degradation of misfolded proteins, elimination of damaged organelles, and regulation of apoptosis and inflammation. AMPK-mTOR, Beclin 1, TP53, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and other signal pathways are involved in the regulation of autophagy and can be used as potential therapeutic targets for neurological diseases. Here, we discuss the role, functions, and signal pathways of autophagy in neurological diseases, which will shed light on the pathogenic mechanisms of neurological diseases and suggest novel targets for therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Ni H, Kan X, Rui Q, Zhang Y, Zhai W, Zhang B, Yu Z. RACK1 promotes autophagy via the PERK signaling pathway to protect against traumatic brain injury in rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14691. [PMID: 38532543 PMCID: PMC10966134 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Neuronal cell death is a primary factor that determines the outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). We previously revealed the importance of receptor for activated C kinase (RACK1), a multifunctional scaffold protein, in maintaining neuronal survival after TBI, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism underlying RACK1-mediated neuroprotection in TBI. METHODS TBI model was established using controlled cortical impact injury in Sprague-Dawley rats. Genetic intervention and pharmacological inhibition of RACK1 and PERK-autophagy signaling were administrated by intracerebroventricular injection. Western blotting, coimmunoprecipitation, transmission electron microscopy, real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Nissl staining, neurobehavioral tests, and contusion volume assessment were performed. RESULTS Endogenous RACK1 was upregulated and correlated with autophagy induction after TBI. RACK1 knockdown markedly inhibited TBI-induced autophagy, whereas RACK1 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. Moreover, RACK1 overexpression ameliorated neuronal apoptosis, neurological deficits, and cortical tissue loss after TBI, and these effects were abrogated by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine or siRNAs targeting Beclin1 and Atg5. Mechanistically, RACK1 interacted with PERK and activated PERK signaling. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of the PERK pathway abolished RACK1-induced autophagy after TBI. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that RACK1 protected against TBI-induced neuronal damage partly through autophagy induction by regulating the PERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xugang Kan
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of NeurobiologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Qin Rui
- Department of Center of Clinical LaboratoryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of NeurobiologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Weiwei Zhai
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Baole Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of NeurobiologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Jiang L, Cai W, Kuang J, Geng Y, Xu H, Li Y, Yang L, Cai Y, Wang X, Xiao J, Ni W, Zhou K. DADLE promotes motor function recovery by inhibiting cytosolic phospholipase A 2 mediated lysosomal membrane permeabilization after spinal cord injury. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:712-734. [PMID: 37766498 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Autophagy is a protective factor for controlling neuronal damage, while necroptosis promotes neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI). DADLE (D-Ala2 , D-Leu5 ]-enkephalin) is a selective agonist for delta (δ) opioid receptor and has been identified as a promising drug for neuroprotection. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism/s by which DADLE causes locomotor recovery following SCI. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Spinal cord contusion model was used and DADLE was given by i.p. (16 mg·kg-1 ) in mice for following experiments. Motor function was assessed by footprint and Basso mouse scale (BMS) score analysis. Western blotting used to evaluate related protein expression. Immunofluorescence showed the protein expression in each cell and its distribution. Network pharmacology analysis was used to find the related signalling pathways. KEY RESULTS DADLE promoted functional recovery after SCI. In SCI model of mice, DADLE significantly increased autophagic flux and inhibited necroptosis. Concurrently, DADLE restored autophagic flux by decreasing lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). Additionally, chloroquine administration reversed the protective effect of DADLE to inhibit necroptosis. Further analysis showed that DADLE decreased phosphorylated cPLA2 , overexpression of cPLA2 partially reversed DADLE inhibitory effect on LMP and necroptosis, as well as the promotion autophagy. Finally, AMPK/SIRT1/p38 pathway regulating cPLA2 is involved in the action DADLE on SCI and naltrindole inhibited DADLE action on δ receptor and on AMPK signalling pathway. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION DADLE causes its neuroprotective effects on SCI by promoting autophagic flux and inhibiting necroptosis by decreasing LMP via activating δ receptor/AMPK/SIRT1/p38/cPLA2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yituo Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liting Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wanta Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Kuang
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yibo Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuepiao Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenfei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Wang M, Xia Y, Ai S, Gu X, Wang HL. Kaempferol improves Pb-induced cognitive impairments via inhibiting autophagy. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109556. [PMID: 38151193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Kaempferol (Kam) is a flavonoid antioxidant found in fruits and vegetables, which was discovered as neuroprotective antioxidants. Lead (Pb), an environmental pollution, could induce learning and memory deficits. Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanisms underlying Kam actions in Pb-induced learning and memory deficits. In this study, we investigated the effects of Kam on Pb-induced cognitive deficits. Pb-exposed rats were treated with 50 mg/kg Kam from postnatal day (PND) 30 to PND 60. Then, Y-maze and Morris water maze have been used to detect the spatial memory in all groups of rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Nissl staining were used to analyze the neuronal structure damages. The results found Kam treatment improved the learning and memory ability and alleviated hippocampal neuronal pathological damages. Besides, Kam could significantly reverse the synaptic transmission related protein expression including PSD95 and NMDAR2B. Further research found that Kam downregulated autophagy markers, P62, ATG5, Beclin1, and LC3-II. Furthermore, 3-MA, autophagy inhibitor, increased the levels of NMDAR2B and PSD95 in Pb-induced PC12 cells, indicating Kam alleviated Pb-induced neurotoxicity through inhibiting autophagy activation. Our results showed that Kam could ameliorate Pb-induced cognitive impairments and neuronal damages by decreasing Pb-induced excess autophagy accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yanzhou Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Shu Ai
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiaozhen Gu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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Zhang J, Tang T, Zhang R, Wen L, Deng X, Xu X, Yang W, Jin F, Cao Y, Lu Y, Yu XQ. Maintaining Toll signaling in Drosophila brain is required to sustain autophagy for dopamine neuron survival. iScience 2024; 27:108795. [PMID: 38292423 PMCID: PMC10825691 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved process in eukaryotic cells to degrade and recycle damaged intracellular components. Higher level of autophagy in the brain has been observed, and autophagy dysfunction has an impact on neuronal health, but the molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we showed that overexpression of Toll-1 and Toll-7 receptors, as well as active Spätzle proteins in Drosophila S2 cells enhanced autophagy, and Toll-1/Toll-7 activated autophagy was dependent on Tube-Pelle-PP2A. Interestingly, Toll-1 but not Toll-7 mediated autophagy was dMyd88 dependent. Importantly, we observed that loss of functions in Toll-1 and Toll-7 receptors and PP2A activity in flies decreased autophagy level, resulting in the loss of dopamine (DA) neurons and reduced fly motion. Our results indicated that proper activation of Toll-1 and Toll-7 pathways and PP2A activity in the brain are necessary to sustain autophagy level for DA neuron survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Ruonan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiaojuan Deng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Laboratory of Insect Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoxia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanying Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Laboratory of Insect Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fengliang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Laboratory of Insect Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuzhen Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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Vicente M, Addo-Osafo K, Vossel K. Latest advances in mechanisms of epileptic activity in Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy Bodies. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1277613. [PMID: 38390593 PMCID: PMC10882721 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1277613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) stand as the prevailing sources of neurodegenerative dementia, impacting over 55 million individuals across the globe. Patients with AD and DLB exhibit a higher prevalence of epileptic activity compared to those with other forms of dementia. Seizures can accompany AD and DLB in early stages, and the associated epileptic activity can contribute to cognitive symptoms and exacerbate cognitive decline. Aberrant neuronal activity in AD and DLB may be caused by several mechanisms that are not yet understood. Hyperexcitability could be a biomarker for early detection of AD or DLB before the onset of dementia. In this review, we compare and contrast mechanisms of network hyperexcitability in AD and DLB. We examine the contributions of genetic risk factors, Ca2+ dysregulation, glutamate, AMPA and NMDA receptors, mTOR, pathological amyloid beta, tau and α-synuclein, altered microglial and astrocytic activity, and impaired inhibitory interneuron function. By gaining a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms that cause neuronal hyperexcitability, we might uncover therapeutic approaches to effectively ease symptoms and slow down the advancement of AD and DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Vicente
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research and Care, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kwaku Addo-Osafo
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research and Care, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Keith Vossel
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research and Care, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Hernández-Cáceres MP, Pinto-Nuñez D, Rivera P, Burgos P, Díaz-Castro F, Criollo A, Yañez MJ, Morselli E. Role of lipids in the control of autophagy and primary cilium signaling in neurons. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:264-271. [PMID: 37488876 PMCID: PMC10503597 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.377414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is, after the adipose tissue, the organ with the greatest amount of lipids and diversity in their composition in the human body. In neurons, lipids are involved in signaling pathways controlling autophagy, a lysosome-dependent catabolic process essential for the maintenance of neuronal homeostasis and the function of the primary cilium, a cellular antenna that acts as a communication hub that transfers extracellular signals into intracellular responses required for neurogenesis and brain development. A crosstalk between primary cilia and autophagy has been established; however, its role in the control of neuronal activity and homeostasis is barely known. In this review, we briefly discuss the current knowledge regarding the role of autophagy and the primary cilium in neurons. Then we review the recent literature about specific lipid subclasses in the regulation of autophagy, in the control of primary cilium structure and its dependent cellular signaling in physiological and pathological conditions, specifically focusing on neurons, an area of research that could have major implications in neurodevelopment, energy homeostasis, and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Paz Hernández-Cáceres
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas (ICOD), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Pinto-Nuñez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Rivera
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Burgos
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Díaz-Castro
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas (ICOD), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Jose Yañez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
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Smeele PH, Cesare G, Vaccari T. ALS' Perfect Storm: C9orf72-Associated Toxic Dipeptide Repeats as Potential Multipotent Disruptors of Protein Homeostasis. Cells 2024; 13:178. [PMID: 38247869 PMCID: PMC10813877 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is essential for neuron longevity, requiring a balanced regulation between protein synthesis and degradation. The clearance of misfolded and aggregated proteins, mediated by autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome systems, maintains protein homeostasis in neurons, which are post-mitotic and thus cannot use cell division to diminish the burden of misfolded proteins. When protein clearance pathways are overwhelmed or otherwise disrupted, the accumulation of misfolded or aggregated proteins can lead to the activation of ER stress and the formation of stress granules, which predominantly attempt to restore the homeostasis by suppressing global protein translation. Alterations in these processes have been widely reported among studies investigating the toxic function of dipeptide repeats (DPRs) produced by G4C2 expansion in the C9orf72 gene of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In this review, we outline the modalities of DPR-induced disruptions in protein homeostasis observed in a wide range of models of C9orf72-linked ALS/FTD. We also discuss the relative importance of each DPR for toxicity, possible synergies between DPRs, and discuss the possible functional relevance of DPR aggregation to disease pathogenesis. Finally, we highlight the interdependencies of the observed effects and reflect on the importance of feedback and feedforward mechanisms in their contribution to disease progression. A better understanding of DPR-associated disease pathogenesis discussed in this review might shed light on disease vulnerabilities that may be amenable with therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Vaccari
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
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50
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Tooze SA, Zhang W, Lazzeri G, Gahlot D, Thukral L, Covino R, Nishimura T. Membrane association of the ATG8 conjugation machinery emerges as a key regulatory feature for autophagosome biogenesis. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:107-113. [PMID: 37259601 PMCID: PMC10952647 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular pathway that is essential for survival in all eukaryotes. In healthy cells, autophagy is used to remove damaged intracellular components, which can be as simple as unfolded proteins or as complex as whole mitochondria. Once the damaged component is captured, the autophagosome engulfs it and closes, isolating the content from the cytoplasm. The autophagosome then fuses with the late endosome and/or lysosome to deliver its content to the lysosome for degradation. Formation of the autophagosome, sequestration or capture of content, and closure all require the ATG proteins, which constitute the essential core autophagy protein machinery. This brief 'nutshell' will highlight recent data revealing the importance of small membrane-associated domains in the ATG proteins. In particular, recent findings from two parallel studies reveal the unexpected key role of α-helical structures in the ATG8 conjugation machinery and ATG8s. These studies illustrate how unique membrane association modules can control the formation of autophagosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A. Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy LaboratoryThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy LaboratoryThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | | | - Deepanshi Gahlot
- CSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
| | - Lipi Thukral
- CSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
| | | | - Taki Nishimura
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology AgencyTokyoJapan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoJapan
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