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Chen X, Tsvetkov AS, Shen HM, Isidoro C, Ktistakis NT, Linkermann A, Koopman WJH, Simon HU, Galluzzi L, Luo S, Xu D, Gu W, Peulen O, Cai Q, Rubinsztein DC, Chi JT, Zhang DD, Li C, Toyokuni S, Liu J, Roh JL, Dai E, Juhasz G, Liu W, Zhang J, Yang M, Liu J, Zhu LQ, Zou W, Piacentini M, Ding WX, Yue Z, Xie Y, Petersen M, Gewirtz DA, Mandell MA, Chu CT, Sinha D, Eftekharpour E, Zhivotovsky B, Besteiro S, Gabrilovich DI, Kim DH, Kagan VE, Bayir H, Chen GC, Ayton S, Lünemann JD, Komatsu M, Krautwald S, Loos B, Baehrecke EH, Wang J, Lane JD, Sadoshima J, Yang WS, Gao M, Münz C, Thumm M, Kampmann M, Yu D, Lipinski MM, Jones JW, Jiang X, Zeh HJ, Kang R, Klionsky DJ, Kroemer G, Tang D. International consensus guidelines for the definition, detection, and interpretation of autophagy-dependent ferroptosis. Autophagy 2024:1-34. [PMID: 38442890 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2319901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a complex degradation process with a dual role in cell death that is influenced by the cell types that are involved and the stressors they are exposed to. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent oxidative form of cell death characterized by unrestricted lipid peroxidation in the context of heterogeneous and plastic mechanisms. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of specific types of autophagy (e.g. ferritinophagy, lipophagy, and clockophagy) in initiating or executing ferroptotic cell death through the selective degradation of anti-injury proteins or organelles. Conversely, other forms of selective autophagy (e.g. reticulophagy and lysophagy) enhance the cellular defense against ferroptotic damage. Dysregulated autophagy-dependent ferroptosis has implications for a diverse range of pathological conditions. This review aims to present an updated definition of autophagy-dependent ferroptosis, discuss influential substrates and receptors, outline experimental methods, and propose guidelines for interpreting the results.Abbreviation: 3-MA:3-methyladenine; 4HNE: 4-hydroxynonenal; ACD: accidentalcell death; ADF: autophagy-dependentferroptosis; ARE: antioxidant response element; BH2:dihydrobiopterin; BH4: tetrahydrobiopterin; BMDMs: bonemarrow-derived macrophages; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; CQ:chloroquine; DAMPs: danger/damage-associated molecular patterns; EMT,epithelial-mesenchymal transition; EPR: electronparamagnetic resonance; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FRET: Försterresonance energy transfer; GFP: green fluorescent protein;GSH: glutathione;IF: immunofluorescence; IHC: immunohistochemistry; IOP, intraocularpressure; IRI: ischemia-reperfusion injury; LAA: linoleamide alkyne;MDA: malondialdehyde; PGSK: Phen Green™ SK;RCD: regulatedcell death; PUFAs: polyunsaturated fatty acids; RFP: red fluorescentprotein;ROS: reactive oxygen species; TBA: thiobarbituricacid; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TEM:transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andrey S Tsvetkov
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shouqing Luo
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Daqian Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivier Peulen
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer-University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Qian Cai
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jen-Tsan Chi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Changfeng Li
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Response, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for Low-temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Enyong Dai
- The Second Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Gabor Juhasz
- Biological Research Center, Institute of Genetics, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Minghua Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiping Zou
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of Neurology, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yangchun Xie
- Department of Oncology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Morten Petersen
- Functional genomics, Department of Biology, Copenhagen University, Denmark
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michael A Mandell
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Debasish Sinha
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Wilmer Eye lnstitute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eftekhar Eftekharpour
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Europe
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sébastien Besteiro
- LPHI, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Guang-Chao Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Scott Ayton
- Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jan D Lünemann
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefan Krautwald
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ben Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Medical Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jon D Lane
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Newark, USA
| | - Wan Seok Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Minghui Gao
- The HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Christian Münz
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Thumm
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Martin Kampmann
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Di Yu
- Faculty of Medicine, Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Ian Frazer Centre for Children's Immunotherapy Research, Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marta M Lipinski
- Department of Anesthesiology & Department of Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jace W Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Dai E, Chen X, Linkermann A, Jiang X, Kang R, Kagan VE, Bayir H, Yang WS, Garcia-Saez AJ, Ioannou MS, Janowitz T, Ran Q, Gu W, Gan B, Krysko DV, Zhu X, Wang J, Krautwald S, Toyokuni S, Xie Y, Greten FR, Yi Q, Schick J, Liu J, Gabrilovich DI, Liu J, Zeh HJ, Zhang DD, Yang M, Iovanna J, Kopf M, Adolph TE, Chi JT, Li C, Ichijo H, Karin M, Sankaran VG, Zou W, Galluzzi L, Bush AI, Li B, Melino G, Baehrecke EH, Lotze MT, Klionsky DJ, Stockwell BR, Kroemer G, Tang D. A guideline on the molecular ecosystem regulating ferroptosis. Nat Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41556-024-01360-8. [PMID: 38424270 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an intricately regulated form of cell death characterized by uncontrolled lipid peroxidation, has garnered substantial interest since this term was first coined in 2012. Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in elucidating the detailed molecular mechanisms that govern ferroptosis induction and defence, with particular emphasis on the roles of heterogeneity and plasticity. In this Review, we discuss the molecular ecosystem of ferroptosis, with implications that may inform and enable safe and effective therapeutic strategies across a broad spectrum of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyong Dai
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wan Seok Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana J Garcia-Saez
- Institute for Genetics, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria S Ioannou
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Qitao Ran
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy (CDIT) Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital and College of Medical Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Stefan Krautwald
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Response, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for Low-Temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yangchun Xie
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Florian R Greten
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Qing Yi
- Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center/Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joel Schick
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jinbao Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Minghua Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Pediatric Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Manfred Kopf
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jen-Tsan Chi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Center for Applied Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Changfeng Li
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hidenori Ichijo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Weiping Zou
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Binghui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Departments of Surgery, Immunology and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Restrepo LJ, Baehrecke EH. Regulation and Functions of Autophagy During Animal Development. J Mol Biol 2024:168473. [PMID: 38311234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is used to degrade cytoplasmic materials, and is critical to maintain cell and organismal health in diverse animals. Here we discuss the regulation, utilization and impact of autophagy on development, including roles in oogenesis, spermatogenesis and embryogenesis in animals. We also describe how autophagy influences postembryonic development in the context of neuronal and cardiac development, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. We describe recent studies of selective autophagy during development, including mitochondria-selective autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-selective autophagy. Studies of developing model systems have also been used to discover novel regulators of autophagy, and we explain how studies of autophagy in these physiologically relevant systems are advancing our understanding of this important catabolic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J Restrepo
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
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Wang R, Velentzas PD, Baehrecke EH. Mass isolation of staged Drosophila pupal intestines for analysis of protein ubiquitylation. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102713. [PMID: 37950865 PMCID: PMC10682243 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Large quantities of developmentally synchronized pupal intestines are required for biochemistry experiments. Here, we present a protocol for the mass isolation of staged pupal intestines during Drosophila melanogaster development based on buoyancy in sucrose for biochemical evaluation of protein ubiquitylation. We describe steps for crossing flies, preparation of samples, immunoprecipitation of proteins from staged isolated tissues, and analysis of samples by western blot. This protocol can be extended to investigate biochemical changes in other tissues. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Wang et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Panagiotis D Velentzas
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Wang R, Fortier TM, Chai F, Miao G, Shen JL, Restrepo LJ, DiGiacomo JJ, Velentzas PD, Baehrecke EH. PINK1, Keap1, and Rtnl1 regulate selective clearance of endoplasmic reticulum during development. Cell 2023; 186:4172-4188.e18. [PMID: 37633267 PMCID: PMC10530463 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Selective clearance of organelles, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, by autophagy plays an important role in cell health. Here, we describe a developmentally programmed selective ER clearance by autophagy. We show that Parkinson's disease-associated PINK1, as well as Atl, Rtnl1, and Trp1 receptors, regulate ER clearance by autophagy. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin functions downstream of PINK1 and is required for mitochondrial clearance while having the opposite function in ER clearance. By contrast, Keap1 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cullin3 function downstream of PINK1 to regulate ER clearance by influencing Rtnl1 and Atl. PINK1 regulates a change in Keap1 localization and Keap1-dependent ubiquitylation of the ER-phagy receptor Rtnl1 to facilitate ER clearance. Thus, PINK1 regulates the selective clearance of ER and mitochondria by influencing the balance of Keap1- and Parkin-dependent ubiquitylation of substrates that determine which organelle is removed by autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tina M Fortier
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Fei Chai
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Guangyan Miao
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - James L Shen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Lucas J Restrepo
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jeromy J DiGiacomo
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Panagiotis D Velentzas
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Vitale I, Pietrocola F, Guilbaud E, Aaronson SA, Abrams JM, Adam D, Agostini M, Agostinis P, Alnemri ES, Altucci L, Amelio I, Andrews DW, Aqeilan RI, Arama E, Baehrecke EH, Balachandran S, Bano D, Barlev NA, Bartek J, Bazan NG, Becker C, Bernassola F, Bertrand MJM, Bianchi ME, Blagosklonny MV, Blander JM, Blandino G, Blomgren K, Borner C, Bortner CD, Bove P, Boya P, Brenner C, Broz P, Brunner T, Damgaard RB, Calin GA, Campanella M, Candi E, Carbone M, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Cecconi F, Chan FKM, Chen GQ, Chen Q, Chen YH, Cheng EH, Chipuk JE, Cidlowski JA, Ciechanover A, Ciliberto G, Conrad M, Cubillos-Ruiz JR, Czabotar PE, D'Angiolella V, Daugaard M, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, De Maria R, De Strooper B, Debatin KM, Deberardinis RJ, Degterev A, Del Sal G, Deshmukh M, Di Virgilio F, Diederich M, Dixon SJ, Dynlacht BD, El-Deiry WS, Elrod JW, Engeland K, Fimia GM, Galassi C, Ganini C, Garcia-Saez AJ, Garg AD, Garrido C, Gavathiotis E, Gerlic M, Ghosh S, Green DR, Greene LA, Gronemeyer H, Häcker G, Hajnóczky G, Hardwick JM, Haupt Y, He S, Heery DM, Hengartner MO, Hetz C, Hildeman DA, Ichijo H, Inoue S, Jäättelä M, Janic A, Joseph B, Jost PJ, Kanneganti TD, Karin M, Kashkar H, Kaufmann T, Kelly GL, Kepp O, Kimchi A, Kitsis RN, Klionsky DJ, Kluck R, Krysko DV, Kulms D, Kumar S, Lavandero S, Lavrik IN, Lemasters JJ, Liccardi G, Linkermann A, Lipton SA, Lockshin RA, López-Otín C, Luedde T, MacFarlane M, Madeo F, Malorni W, Manic G, Mantovani R, Marchi S, Marine JC, Martin SJ, Martinou JC, Mastroberardino PG, Medema JP, Mehlen P, Meier P, Melino G, Melino S, Miao EA, Moll UM, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Murphy DJ, Niklison-Chirou MV, Novelli F, Núñez G, Oberst A, Ofengeim D, Opferman JT, Oren M, Pagano M, Panaretakis T, Pasparakis M, Penninger JM, Pentimalli F, Pereira DM, Pervaiz S, Peter ME, Pinton P, Porta G, Prehn JHM, Puthalakath H, Rabinovich GA, Rajalingam K, Ravichandran KS, Rehm M, Ricci JE, Rizzuto R, Robinson N, Rodrigues CMP, Rotblat B, Rothlin CV, Rubinsztein DC, Rudel T, Rufini A, Ryan KM, Sarosiek KA, Sawa A, Sayan E, Schroder K, Scorrano L, Sesti F, Shao F, Shi Y, Sica GS, Silke J, Simon HU, Sistigu A, Stephanou A, Stockwell BR, Strapazzon F, Strasser A, Sun L, Sun E, Sun Q, Szabadkai G, Tait SWG, Tang D, Tavernarakis N, Troy CM, Turk B, Urbano N, Vandenabeele P, Vanden Berghe T, Vander Heiden MG, Vanderluit JL, Verkhratsky A, Villunger A, von Karstedt S, Voss AK, Vousden KH, Vucic D, Vuri D, Wagner EF, Walczak H, Wallach D, Wang R, Wang Y, Weber A, Wood W, Yamazaki T, Yang HT, Zakeri Z, Zawacka-Pankau JE, Zhang L, Zhang H, Zhivotovsky B, Zhou W, Piacentini M, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Apoptotic cell death in disease-Current understanding of the NCCD 2023. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1097-1154. [PMID: 37100955 PMCID: PMC10130819 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01153-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a form of regulated cell death (RCD) that involves proteases of the caspase family. Pharmacological and genetic strategies that experimentally inhibit or delay apoptosis in mammalian systems have elucidated the key contribution of this process not only to (post-)embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis, but also to the etiology of multiple human disorders. Consistent with this notion, while defects in the molecular machinery for apoptotic cell death impair organismal development and promote oncogenesis, the unwarranted activation of apoptosis promotes cell loss and tissue damage in the context of various neurological, cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, infectious, neoplastic and inflammatory conditions. Here, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) gathered to critically summarize an abundant pre-clinical literature mechanistically linking the core apoptotic apparatus to organismal homeostasis in the context of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilio Vitale
- IIGM - Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCSS Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO -IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy.
| | - Federico Pietrocola
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Emma Guilbaud
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stuart A Aaronson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - John M Abrams
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dieter Adam
- Institut für Immunologie, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, TOR, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emad S Alnemri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- BIOGEM, Avellino, Italy
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Division of Systems Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - David W Andrews
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rami I Aqeilan
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Lautenberg Center for Immunology & Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eli Arama
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Siddharth Balachandran
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniele Bano
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Nickolai A Barlev
- Department of Biomedicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolas G Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Francesca Bernassola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, TOR, Rome, Italy
| | - Mathieu J M Bertrand
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marco E Bianchi
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy and Ospedale San Raffaele IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - J Magarian Blander
- Department of Medicine, Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoph Borner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Medical Faculty, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carl D Bortner
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pierluigi Bove
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, TOR, Rome, Italy
| | - Patricia Boya
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Catherine Brenner
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l'oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Villejuif, France
| | - Petr Broz
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Brunner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Rune Busk Damgaard
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michelangelo Campanella
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
- UCL Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, London, UK
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, TOR, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Carbone
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - Francesco Cecconi
- Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francis K-M Chan
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- State Key Lab of Oncogene and its related gene, Ren-Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Youhai H Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Emily H Cheng
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerry E Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - John A Cidlowski
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aaron Ciechanover
- The Technion-Integrated Cancer Center, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Marcus Conrad
- Helmholtz Munich, Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juan R Cubillos-Ruiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter E Czabotar
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Mads Daugaard
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Institute for Cell Engineering and the Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Institute for Cell Engineering and the Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB Centre for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ralph J Deberardinis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alexei Degterev
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giannino Del Sal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Area Science Park-Padriciano, Trieste, Italy
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Mohanish Deshmukh
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Marc Diederich
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brian D Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brown University and the Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - John W Elrod
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kurt Engeland
- Molecular Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Department of Epidemiology, Preclinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'L. Spallanzani' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Galassi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carlo Ganini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, TOR, Rome, Italy
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Dermopatic Institute of Immaculate (IDI) IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ana J Garcia-Saez
- CECAD, Institute of Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM, UMR, 1231, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Anti-cancer Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Evripidis Gavathiotis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Motti Gerlic
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler school of Medicine, Tel Aviv university, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Neurology and Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lloyd A Greene
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hinrich Gronemeyer
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Georg Häcker
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - György Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Marie Hardwick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Pharmacology, Oncology and Neurology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ygal Haupt
- VITTAIL Ltd, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sudan He
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - David M Heery
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - David A Hildeman
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hidenori Ichijo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana Janic
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bertrand Joseph
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philipp J Jost
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Michael Karin
- Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- CECAD Research Center, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Kaufmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gemma L Kelly
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Adi Kimchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Richard N Kitsis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ruth Kluck
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Lab, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dagmar Kulms
- Department of Dermatology, Experimental Dermatology, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Inna N Lavrik
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - John J Lemasters
- Departments of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Gianmaria Liccardi
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stuart A Lipton
- Neurodegeneration New Medicines Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard A Lockshin
- Department of Biology, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
- St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, USA
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Marion MacFarlane
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Malorni
- Center for Global Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gwenola Manic
- IIGM - Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCSS Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO -IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Roberto Mantovani
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jean-Claude Martinou
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pier G Mastroberardino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- IFOM-ETS The AIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Jan Paul Medema
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Mehlen
- Apoptosis, Cancer, and Development Laboratory, Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - Pascal Meier
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, TOR, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Edward A Miao
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ute M Moll
- Department of Pathology and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Daniel J Murphy
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Flavia Novelli
- Thoracic Oncology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Gabriel Núñez
- Department of Pathology and Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dimitry Ofengeim
- Rare and Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Sanofi, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joseph T Opferman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Moshe Oren
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michele Pagano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Theocharis Panaretakis
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of GU Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Josef M Penninger
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - David M Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Shazib Pervaiz
- Department of Physiology, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, NUHS, Singapore, Singapore
- ISEP, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marcus E Peter
- Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Porta
- Center of Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hamsa Puthalakath
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jean-Ehrland Ricci
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Nice, France
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nirmal Robinson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Cecilia M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Barak Rotblat
- Department of Life sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The NIBN, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology and Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Rudel
- Microbiology Biocentre, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- University of Leicester, Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kristopher A Sarosiek
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Lab of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutics Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Johns Hopkins Schizophrenia Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emre Sayan
- Faculty of Medicine, Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kate Schroder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Federico Sesti
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
| | - Feng Shao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yufang Shi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, TOR, Rome, Italy
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Giuseppe S Sica
- Department of Surgical Science, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - John Silke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Antonella Sistigu
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Flavie Strapazzon
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, UMR5261, U1315, Institut NeuroMyogène CNRS, INSERM, Lyon, France
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Erwei Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Cell Death Mechanism, 2021RU008, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Gyorgy Szabadkai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen W G Tait
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Carol M Troy
- Departments of Pathology & Cell Biology and Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Boris Turk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nicoletta Urbano
- Department of Oncohaematology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, TOR, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Methusalem Program, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Vanden Berghe
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Spain
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- The Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Vienna, Austria
- The Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia von Karstedt
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anne K Voss
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Domagoj Vucic
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Vuri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, TOR, Rome, Italy
| | - Erwin F Wagner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Henning Walczak
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Wallach
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ruoning Wang
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Achim Weber
- University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Will Wood
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huang-Tian Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zahra Zakeri
- Queens College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Joanna E Zawacka-Pankau
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biophysics and p53 protein biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haibing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Wenzhao Zhou
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Cell Death Mechanism, 2021RU008, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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7
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Shen JL, Doherty J, Allen E, Fortier TM, Baehrecke EH. Atg6 promotes organismal health by suppression of cell stress and inflammation. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2275-2287. [PMID: 35523956 PMCID: PMC9614006 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy targets cytoplasmic materials for degradation, and influences cell health. Alterations in Atg6/Beclin-1, a key regulator of autophagy, are associated with multiple diseases. While the role of Atg6 in autophagy regulation is heavily studied, the role of Atg6 in organism health and disease progression remains poorly understood. Here, we discover that loss of Atg6 in Drosophila results in various alterations to stress, metabolic and immune signaling pathways. We find that the increased levels of circulating blood cells and tumor-like masses in atg6 mutants vary depending on tissue-specific function of Atg6, with contributions from intestine and hematopoietic cells. These phenotypes are suppressed by decreased function of macrophage and inflammatory response receptors crq and drpr. Thus, these findings provide a basis for understanding how Atg6 systemically regulates cell health within multiple organs, and highlight the importance of Atg6 in inflammation to organismal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Shen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Johnna Doherty
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Elizabeth Allen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tina M Fortier
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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8
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Wang R, Miao G, Shen JL, Fortier TM, Baehrecke EH. ESCRT dysfunction compromises endoplasmic reticulum maturation and autophagosome biogenesis in Drosophila. Curr Biol 2022; 32:1262-1274.e4. [PMID: 35134326 PMCID: PMC8969116 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy targets cytoplasmic materials for degradation and influences cell health. Organelle contact and trafficking systems provide membranes for autophagosome formation, but how different membrane systems are selected for use during autophagy remains unclear. Here, we report a novel function of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) coat protein complex II (COPII) vesicle formation that influences autophagy. The ESCRT functions in a pathway upstream of Vps13D to influence COPII vesicle transport, ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) assembly, and autophagosome formation. Atg9 functions downstream of the ESCRT to facilitate ERGIC and autophagosome formation. Interestingly, cells lacking either ESCRT or Vps13D functions exhibit dilated ER structures that are similar to cranio-lenticulo-sutural dysplasia patient cells with SEC23A mutations, which encodes a component of COPII vesicles. Our data reveal a novel ESCRT-dependent pathway that influences the ERGIC and autophagosome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Guangyan Miao
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - James L Shen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tina M Fortier
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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9
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Lam G, Nam HJ, Velentzas PD, Baehrecke EH, Thummel CS. Drosophila E93 promotes adult development and suppresses larval responses to ecdysone during metamorphosis. Dev Biol 2022; 481:104-115. [PMID: 34648816 PMCID: PMC8665130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pulses of the steroid hormone ecdysone act through transcriptional cascades to direct the major developmental transitions during the Drosophila life cycle. These include the prepupal ecdysone pulse, which occurs 10 hours after pupariation and triggers the onset of adult morphogenesis and larval tissue destruction. E93 encodes a transcription factor that is specifically induced by the prepupal pulse of ecdysone, supporting a model proposed by earlier work that it specifies the onset of adult development. Although a number of studies have addressed these functions for E93, little is known about its roles in the salivary gland where the E93 locus was originally identified. Here we show that E93 is required for development through late pupal stages, with mutants displaying defects in adult differentiation and no detectable effect on the destruction of larval salivary glands. RNA-seq analysis demonstrates that E93 regulates genes involved in development and morphogenesis in the salivary glands, but has little effect on cell death gene expression. We also show that E93 is required to direct the proper timing of ecdysone-regulated gene expression in salivary glands, and that it suppresses earlier transcriptional programs that occur during larval and prepupal stages. These studies support the model that the stage-specific induction of E93 in late prepupae provides a critical signal that defines the end of larval development and the onset of adult differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geanette Lam
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 N 2030 E Rm 5100, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - Hyuck-Jin Nam
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 N 2030 E Rm 5100, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - Panagiotis D. Velentzas
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA
| | - Eric H. Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA
| | - Carl S. Thummel
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 N 2030 E Rm 5100, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA,Corresponding author. (C.S. Thummel)
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10
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Shen JL, Fortier TM, Wang R, Baehrecke EH. Vps13D functions in a Pink1-dependent and Parkin-independent mitophagy pathway. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212607. [PMID: 34459871 PMCID: PMC8406608 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202104073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in autophagy cause problems in metabolism, development, and disease. The autophagic clearance of mitochondria, mitophagy, is impaired by the loss of Vps13D. Here, we discover that Vps13D regulates mitophagy in a pathway that depends on the core autophagy machinery by regulating Atg8a and ubiquitin localization. This process is Pink1 dependent, with loss of pink1 having similar autophagy and mitochondrial defects as loss of vps13d. The role of Pink1 has largely been studied in tandem with Park/Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is widely considered to be crucial in Pink1-dependent mitophagy. Surprisingly, we find that loss of park does not exhibit the same autophagy and mitochondrial deficiencies as vps13d and pink1 mutant cells and contributes to mitochondrial clearance through a pathway that is parallel to vps13d. These findings provide a Park-independent pathway for Pink1-regulated mitophagy and help to explain how Vps13D regulates autophagy and mitochondrial morphology and contributes to neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Shen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Tina M Fortier
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
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11
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Klionsky DJ, Petroni G, Amaravadi RK, Baehrecke EH, Ballabio A, Boya P, Bravo‐San Pedro JM, Cadwell K, Cecconi F, Choi AMK, Choi ME, Chu CT, Codogno P, Colombo M, Cuervo AM, Deretic V, Dikic I, Elazar Z, Eskelinen E, Fimia GM, Gewirtz DA, Green DR, Hansen M, Jäättelä M, Johansen T, Juhász G, Karantza V, Kraft C, Kroemer G, Ktistakis NT, Kumar S, Lopez‐Otin C, Macleod KF, Madeo F, Martinez J, Meléndez A, Mizushima N, Münz C, Penninger JM, Perera R, Piacentini M, Reggiori F, Rubinsztein DC, Ryan K, Sadoshima J, Santambrogio L, Scorrano L, Simon H, Simon AK, Simonsen A, Stolz A, Tavernarakis N, Tooze SA, Yoshimori T, Yuan J, Yue Z, Zhong Q, Galluzzi L, Pietrocola F. Autophagy in major human diseases. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108863. [PMID: 34459017 PMCID: PMC8488577 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 534] [Impact Index Per Article: 178.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a core molecular pathway for the preservation of cellular and organismal homeostasis. Pharmacological and genetic interventions impairing autophagy responses promote or aggravate disease in a plethora of experimental models. Consistently, mutations in autophagy-related processes cause severe human pathologies. Here, we review and discuss preclinical data linking autophagy dysfunction to the pathogenesis of major human disorders including cancer as well as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, pulmonary, renal, infectious, musculoskeletal, and ocular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Department of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Abramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and MedicinePozzuoliItaly
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of Medicine, and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteTexas Children HospitalHoustonTXUSA
| | - Patricia Boya
- Margarita Salas Center for Biological ResearchSpanish National Research CouncilMadridSpain
| | - José Manuel Bravo‐San Pedro
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment Section of PhysiologyComplutense University of MadridMadridSpain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)MadridSpain
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball InstituteNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of MicrobiologyNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineNew York University Langone HealthNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Cell Stress and Survival UnitCenter for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD)Danish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Pediatric Onco‐Hematology and Cell and Gene TherapyIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's HospitalRomeItaly
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’RomeItaly
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJoan and Sanford I. Weill Department of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- New York‐Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Mary E Choi
- New York‐Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Division of Nephrology and HypertensionJoan and Sanford I. Weill Department of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker‐Enfants MaladesINSERM U1151‐CNRS UMR 8253ParisFrance
- Université de ParisParisFrance
| | - Maria Isabel Colombo
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos Moleculares Implicados en el Tráfico Vesicular y la Autofagia‐Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM)‐Universidad Nacional de CuyoCONICET‐ Facultad de Ciencias MédicasMendozaArgentina
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular BiologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA
- Institute for Aging StudiesAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA
| | - Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism (AIMCenter of Biomedical Research ExcellenceUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNMUSA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNMUSA
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry IISchool of MedicineGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | | | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Department of Molecular MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
- Department of EpidemiologyPreclinical Research, and Advanced DiagnosticsNational Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘L. Spallanzani’ IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologySchool of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of ImmunologySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
| | - Malene Hansen
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteProgram of DevelopmentAging, and RegenerationLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and MetabolismCenter for Autophagy, Recycling & DiseaseDanish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Terje Johansen
- Department of Medical BiologyMolecular Cancer Research GroupUniversity of Tromsø—The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Institute of GeneticsBiological Research CenterSzegedHungary
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental BiologyEötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary
| | | | - Claudine Kraft
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyZBMZFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- CIBSS ‐ Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des CordeliersEquipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le CancerUniversité de ParisSorbonne UniversitéInserm U1138Institut Universitaire de FranceParisFrance
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsInstitut Gustave RoussyVillejuifFrance
- Pôle de BiologieHôpital Européen Georges PompidouAP‐HPParisFrance
- Suzhou Institute for Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesSuzhouChina
- Karolinska InstituteDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | | | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer BiologyUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Carlos Lopez‐Otin
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularFacultad de MedicinaInstituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA)Universidad de OviedoOviedoSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)MadridSpain
| | - Kay F Macleod
- The Ben May Department for Cancer ResearchThe Gordon Center for Integrative SciencesW‐338The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
- The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesNAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth – University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease LaboratoryNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNIHResearch Triangle ParkNCUSA
| | - Alicia Meléndez
- Biology Department, Queens CollegeCity University of New YorkFlushingNYUSA
- The Graduate Center Biology and Biochemistry PhD Programs of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral ImmunobiologyInstitute of Experimental ImmunologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA)Vienna BioCenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
- Department of Medical GeneticsLife Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Rushika M Perera
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome “Tor Vergata”RomeItaly
- Laboratory of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Cytology Russian Academy of ScienceSaint PetersburgRussia
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & SystemsMolecular Cell Biology SectionUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical GeneticsCambridge Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson InstituteGlasgowUK
- Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular MedicineCardiovascular Research InstituteRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Istituto Veneto di Medicina MolecolarePadovaItaly
- Department of BiologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Hans‐Uwe Simon
- Institute of PharmacologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergologySechenov UniversityMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of Molecular ImmunologyInstitute of Fundamental Medicine and BiologyKazan Federal UniversityKazanRussia
| | | | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Centre for Cancer Cell ReprogrammingInstitute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyInstitute for Cancer ResearchOslo University Hospital MontebelloOsloNorway
| | - Alexandra Stolz
- Institute of Biochemistry IISchool of MedicineGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyFoundation for Research and Technology‐HellasHeraklion, CreteGreece
- Department of Basic SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklion, CreteGreece
| | - Sharon A Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of AutophagyThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of GeneticsGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Department of Intracellular Membrane DynamicsGraduate School of Frontier BiosciencesOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science DivisionInstitute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI)Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Junying Yuan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Department of Cell BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of NeurologyFriedman Brain InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Qing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationDepartment of PathophysiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU‐SM)ShanghaiChina
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of DermatologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Université de ParisParisFrance
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12
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Shen JL, Fortier TM, Zhao YG, Wang R, Burmeister M, Baehrecke EH. Vmp1, Vps13D, and Marf/Mfn2 function in a conserved pathway to regulate mitochondria and ER contact in development and disease. Curr Biol 2021; 31:3028-3039.e7. [PMID: 34019822 PMCID: PMC8319081 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in Vps13D cause defects in autophagy, clearance of mitochondria, and human movement disorders. Here, we discover that Vps13D functions in a pathway downstream of Vmp1 and upstream of Marf/Mfn2. Like vps13d, vmp1 mutant cells exhibit defects in autophagy, mitochondrial size, and clearance. Through the relationship between vmp1 and vps13d, we reveal a novel role for Vps13D in the regulation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact. Significantly, the function of Vps13D in mitochondria and ER contact is conserved between fly and human cells, including fibroblasts derived from patients suffering from VPS13D mutation-associated neurological symptoms. vps13d mutants have increased levels of Marf/MFN2, a regulator of mitochondrial fusion. Importantly, loss of marf/MFN2 suppresses vps13d mutant phenotypes, including mitochondria and ER contact. These findings indicate that Vps13d functions at a regulatory point between mitochondria and ER contact, mitochondrial fusion and autophagy, and help to explain how Vps13D contributes to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Shen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tina M Fortier
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Yan G Zhao
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Margit Burmeister
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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13
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Baldwin HA, Wang C, Kanfer G, Shah HV, Velayos-Baeza A, Dulovic-Mahlow M, Brüggemann N, Anding A, Baehrecke EH, Maric D, Prinz WA, Youle RJ. VPS13D promotes peroxisome biogenesis. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212018. [PMID: 33891012 PMCID: PMC8077185 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202001188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The VPS13 gene family consists of VPS13A–D in mammals. Although all four genes have been linked to human diseases, their cellular functions are poorly understood, particularly those of VPS13D. We generated and characterized knockouts of each VPS13 gene in HeLa cells. Among the individual knockouts, only VPS13D-KO cells exhibit abnormal mitochondrial morphology. Additionally, VPS13D loss leads to either partial or complete peroxisome loss in several transformed cell lines and in fibroblasts derived from a VPS13D mutation–carrying patient with recessive spinocerebellar ataxia. Our data show that VPS13D regulates peroxisome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Baldwin
- Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Cell, Molecular, Developmental Biology and Biophysics Doctoral Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chunxin Wang
- Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Gil Kanfer
- Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hetal V Shah
- Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Program in Neuroscience & Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | | | | | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Allyson Anding
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Dragan Maric
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Flow Cytometry Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - William A Prinz
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Richard J Youle
- Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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14
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Abstract
This protocol describes the embedding and processing of Drosophila pupae in paraffin to monitor tissue changes during development. Although multiple methods are available to evaluate developmental changes in Drosophila embryos, imaging detailed changes during metamorphosis is challenging as the animal is enclosed in the cuticle, rendering it inaccessible to whole mount imaging. Here, we present a protocol that focuses on developmental clearance of the larval salivary glands in Drosophila pupae that can be extended to examine other tissues/stages for similar purposes. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Velentzas et al. (2018). Paraffin embedding and processing allows monitoring of tissue changes Histology can be used to monitor tissue changes at different stages of development Clearance of Drosophila larval salivary glands can be evaluated through histology
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis D Velentzas
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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15
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Allen EA, Amato C, Fortier TM, Velentzas P, Wood W, Baehrecke EH. A conserved myotubularin-related phosphatase regulates autophagy by maintaining autophagic flux. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:152081. [PMID: 32915229 PMCID: PMC7594499 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201909073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy) targets cytoplasmic cargoes to the lysosome for degradation. Like all vesicle trafficking, autophagy relies on phosphoinositide identity, concentration, and localization to execute multiple steps in this catabolic process. Here, we screen for phosphoinositide phosphatases that influence autophagy in Drosophila and identify CG3530. CG3530 is homologous to the human MTMR6 subfamily of myotubularin-related 3-phosphatases, and therefore, we named it dMtmr6. dMtmr6, which is required for development and viability in Drosophila, functions as a regulator of autophagic flux in multiple Drosophila cell types. The MTMR6 family member MTMR8 has a similar function in autophagy of higher animal cells. Decreased dMtmr6 and MTMR8 function results in autophagic vesicle accumulation and influences endolysosomal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Allen
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Clelia Amato
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tina M Fortier
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Panagiotis Velentzas
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Will Wood
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
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16
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Klionsky DJ, Abdel-Aziz AK, Abdelfatah S, Abdellatif M, Abdoli A, Abel S, Abeliovich H, Abildgaard MH, Abudu YP, Acevedo-Arozena A, Adamopoulos IE, Adeli K, Adolph TE, Adornetto A, Aflaki E, Agam G, Agarwal A, Aggarwal BB, Agnello M, Agostinis P, Agrewala JN, Agrotis A, Aguilar PV, Ahmad ST, Ahmed ZM, Ahumada-Castro U, Aits S, Aizawa S, Akkoc Y, Akoumianaki T, Akpinar HA, Al-Abd AM, Al-Akra L, Al-Gharaibeh A, Alaoui-Jamali MA, Alberti S, Alcocer-Gómez E, Alessandri C, Ali M, Alim Al-Bari MA, Aliwaini S, Alizadeh J, Almacellas E, Almasan A, Alonso A, Alonso GD, Altan-Bonnet N, Altieri DC, Álvarez ÉMC, Alves S, Alves da Costa C, Alzaharna MM, Amadio M, Amantini C, Amaral C, Ambrosio S, Amer AO, Ammanathan V, An Z, Andersen SU, Andrabi SA, Andrade-Silva M, Andres AM, Angelini S, Ann D, Anozie UC, Ansari MY, Antas P, Antebi A, Antón Z, Anwar T, Apetoh L, Apostolova N, Araki T, Araki Y, Arasaki K, Araújo WL, Araya J, Arden C, Arévalo MA, Arguelles S, Arias E, Arikkath J, Arimoto H, Ariosa AR, Armstrong-James D, Arnauné-Pelloquin L, Aroca A, Arroyo DS, Arsov I, Artero R, Asaro DML, Aschner M, Ashrafizadeh M, Ashur-Fabian O, Atanasov AG, Au AK, Auberger P, Auner HW, Aurelian L, Autelli R, Avagliano L, Ávalos Y, Aveic S, Aveleira CA, Avin-Wittenberg T, Aydin Y, Ayton S, Ayyadevara S, Azzopardi M, Baba M, Backer JM, Backues SK, Bae DH, Bae ON, Bae SH, Baehrecke EH, Baek A, Baek SH, Baek SH, Bagetta G, Bagniewska-Zadworna A, Bai H, Bai J, Bai X, Bai Y, Bairagi N, Baksi S, Balbi T, Baldari CT, Balduini W, Ballabio A, Ballester M, Balazadeh S, Balzan R, Bandopadhyay R, Banerjee S, Banerjee S, Bánréti Á, Bao Y, Baptista MS, Baracca A, Barbati C, Bargiela A, Barilà D, Barlow PG, Barmada SJ, Barreiro E, Barreto GE, Bartek J, Bartel B, Bartolome A, Barve GR, Basagoudanavar SH, Bassham DC, Bast RC, Basu A, Batoko H, Batten I, Baulieu EE, Baumgarner BL, Bayry J, Beale R, Beau I, Beaumatin F, Bechara LR, Beck GR, Beers MF, Begun J, Behrends C, Behrens GM, Bei R, Bejarano E, Bel S, Behl C, Belaid A, Belgareh-Touzé N, Bellarosa C, Belleudi F, Belló Pérez M, Bello-Morales R, Beltran JSDO, Beltran S, Benbrook DM, Bendorius M, Benitez BA, Benito-Cuesta I, Bensalem J, Berchtold MW, Berezowska S, Bergamaschi D, Bergami M, Bergmann A, Berliocchi L, Berlioz-Torrent C, Bernard A, Berthoux L, Besirli CG, Besteiro S, Betin VM, Beyaert R, Bezbradica JS, Bhaskar K, Bhatia-Kissova I, Bhattacharya R, Bhattacharya S, Bhattacharyya S, Bhuiyan MS, Bhutia SK, Bi L, Bi X, Biden TJ, Bijian K, Billes VA, Binart N, Bincoletto C, Birgisdottir AB, Bjorkoy G, Blanco G, Blas-Garcia A, Blasiak J, Blomgran R, Blomgren K, Blum JS, Boada-Romero E, Boban M, Boesze-Battaglia K, Boeuf P, Boland B, Bomont P, Bonaldo P, Bonam SR, Bonfili L, Bonifacino JS, Boone BA, Bootman MD, Bordi M, Borner C, Bornhauser BC, Borthakur G, Bosch J, Bose S, Botana LM, Botas J, Boulanger CM, Boulton ME, Bourdenx M, Bourgeois B, Bourke NM, Bousquet G, Boya P, Bozhkov PV, Bozi LHM, Bozkurt TO, Brackney DE, Brandts CH, Braun RJ, Braus GH, Bravo-Sagua R, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Brest P, Bringer MA, Briones-Herrera A, Broaddus VC, Brodersen P, Brodsky JL, Brody SL, Bronson PG, Bronstein JM, Brown CN, Brown RE, Brum PC, Brumell JH, Brunetti-Pierri N, Bruno D, Bryson-Richardson RJ, Bucci C, Buchrieser C, Bueno M, Buitrago-Molina LE, Buraschi S, Buch S, Buchan JR, Buckingham EM, Budak H, Budini M, Bultynck G, Burada F, Burgoyne JR, Burón MI, Bustos V, Büttner S, Butturini E, Byrd A, Cabas I, Cabrera-Benitez S, Cadwell K, Cai J, Cai L, Cai Q, Cairó M, Calbet JA, Caldwell GA, Caldwell KA, Call JA, Calvani R, Calvo AC, Calvo-Rubio Barrera M, Camara NOS, Camonis JH, Camougrand N, Campanella M, Campbell EM, Campbell-Valois FX, Campello S, Campesi I, Campos JC, Camuzard O, Cancino J, Candido de Almeida D, Canesi L, Caniggia I, Canonico B, Cantí C, Cao B, Caraglia M, Caramés B, Carchman EH, Cardenal-Muñoz E, Cardenas C, Cardenas L, Cardoso SM, Carew JS, Carle GF, Carleton G, Carloni S, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Carneiro LA, Carnevali O, Carosi JM, Carra S, Carrier A, Carrier L, Carroll B, Carter AB, Carvalho AN, Casanova M, Casas C, Casas J, Cassioli C, Castillo EF, Castillo K, Castillo-Lluva S, Castoldi F, Castori M, Castro AF, Castro-Caldas M, Castro-Hernandez J, Castro-Obregon S, Catz SD, Cavadas C, Cavaliere F, Cavallini G, Cavinato M, Cayuela ML, Cebollada Rica P, Cecarini V, Cecconi F, Cechowska-Pasko M, Cenci S, Ceperuelo-Mallafré V, Cerqueira JJ, Cerutti JM, Cervia D, Cetintas VB, Cetrullo S, Chae HJ, Chagin AS, Chai CY, Chakrabarti G, Chakrabarti O, Chakraborty T, Chakraborty T, Chami M, Chamilos G, Chan DW, Chan EYW, Chan ED, Chan HE, Chan HH, Chan H, Chan MT, Chan YS, Chandra PK, Chang CP, Chang C, Chang HC, Chang K, Chao J, Chapman T, Charlet-Berguerand N, Chatterjee S, Chaube SK, Chaudhary A, Chauhan S, Chaum E, Checler F, Cheetham ME, Chen CS, Chen GC, Chen JF, Chen LL, Chen L, Chen L, Chen M, Chen MK, Chen N, Chen Q, Chen RH, Chen S, Chen W, Chen W, Chen XM, Chen XW, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen YG, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen YJ, Chen YQ, Chen ZS, Chen Z, Chen ZH, Chen ZJ, Chen Z, Cheng H, Cheng J, Cheng SY, Cheng W, Cheng X, Cheng XT, Cheng Y, Cheng Z, Chen Z, Cheong H, Cheong JK, Chernyak BV, Cherry S, Cheung CFR, Cheung CHA, Cheung KH, Chevet E, Chi RJ, Chiang AKS, Chiaradonna F, Chiarelli R, Chiariello M, Chica N, Chiocca S, Chiong M, Chiou SH, Chiramel AI, Chiurchiù V, Cho DH, Choe SK, Choi AM, Choi ME, Choudhury KR, Chow NS, Chu CT, Chua JP, Chua JJE, Chung H, Chung KP, Chung S, Chung SH, Chung YL, Cianfanelli V, Ciechomska IA, Cifuentes M, Cinque L, Cirak S, Cirone M, Clague MJ, Clarke R, Clementi E, Coccia EM, Codogno P, Cohen E, Cohen MM, Colasanti T, Colasuonno F, Colbert RA, Colell A, Čolić M, Coll NS, Collins MO, Colombo MI, Colón-Ramos DA, Combaret L, Comincini S, Cominetti MR, Consiglio A, Conte A, Conti F, Contu VR, Cookson MR, Coombs KM, Coppens I, Corasaniti MT, Corkery DP, Cordes N, Cortese K, Costa MDC, Costantino S, Costelli P, Coto-Montes A, Crack PJ, Crespo JL, Criollo A, Crippa V, Cristofani R, Csizmadia T, Cuadrado A, Cui B, Cui J, Cui Y, Cui Y, Culetto E, Cumino AC, Cybulsky AV, Czaja MJ, Czuczwar SJ, D’Adamo S, D’Amelio M, D’Arcangelo D, D’Lugos AC, D’Orazi G, da Silva JA, Dafsari HS, Dagda RK, Dagdas Y, Daglia M, Dai X, Dai Y, Dai Y, Dal Col J, Dalhaimer P, Dalla Valle L, Dallenga T, Dalmasso G, Damme M, Dando I, Dantuma NP, Darling AL, Das H, Dasarathy S, Dasari SK, Dash S, Daumke O, Dauphinee AN, Davies JS, Dávila VA, Davis RJ, Davis T, Dayalan Naidu S, De Amicis F, De Bosscher K, De Felice F, De Franceschi L, De Leonibus C, de Mattos Barbosa MG, De Meyer GR, De Milito A, De Nunzio C, De Palma C, De Santi M, De Virgilio C, De Zio D, Debnath J, DeBosch BJ, Decuypere JP, Deehan MA, Deflorian G, DeGregori J, Dehay B, Del Rio G, Delaney JR, Delbridge LMD, Delorme-Axford E, Delpino MV, Demarchi F, Dembitz V, Demers ND, Deng H, Deng Z, Dengjel J, Dent P, Denton D, DePamphilis ML, Der CJ, Deretic V, Descoteaux A, Devis L, Devkota S, Devuyst O, Dewson G, Dharmasivam M, Dhiman R, di Bernardo D, Di Cristina M, Di Domenico F, Di Fazio P, Di Fonzo A, Di Guardo G, Di Guglielmo GM, Di Leo L, Di Malta C, Di Nardo A, Di Rienzo M, Di Sano F, Diallinas G, Diao J, Diaz-Araya G, Díaz-Laviada I, Dickinson JM, Diederich M, Dieudé M, Dikic I, Ding S, Ding WX, Dini L, Dinić J, Dinic M, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Dionne MS, Distler JH, Diwan A, Dixon IM, Djavaheri-Mergny M, Dobrinski I, Dobrovinskaya O, Dobrowolski R, Dobson RC, Đokić J, Dokmeci Emre S, Donadelli M, Dong B, Dong X, Dong Z, Dorn GW, Dotsch V, Dou H, Dou J, Dowaidar M, Dridi S, Drucker L, Du A, Du C, Du G, Du HN, Du LL, du Toit A, Duan SB, Duan X, Duarte SP, Dubrovska A, Dunlop EA, Dupont N, Durán RV, Dwarakanath BS, Dyshlovoy SA, Ebrahimi-Fakhari D, Eckhart L, Edelstein CL, Efferth T, Eftekharpour E, Eichinger L, Eid N, Eisenberg T, Eissa NT, Eissa S, Ejarque M, El Andaloussi A, El-Hage N, El-Naggar S, Eleuteri AM, El-Shafey ES, Elgendy M, Eliopoulos AG, Elizalde MM, Elks PM, Elsasser HP, Elsherbiny ES, Emerling BM, Emre NCT, Eng CH, Engedal N, Engelbrecht AM, Engelsen AS, Enserink JM, Escalante R, Esclatine A, Escobar-Henriques M, Eskelinen EL, Espert L, Eusebio MO, Fabrias G, Fabrizi C, Facchiano A, Facchiano F, Fadeel B, Fader C, Faesen AC, Fairlie WD, Falcó A, Falkenburger BH, Fan D, Fan J, Fan Y, Fang EF, Fang Y, Fang Y, Fanto M, Farfel-Becker T, Faure M, Fazeli G, Fedele AO, Feldman AM, Feng D, Feng J, Feng L, Feng Y, Feng Y, Feng W, Fenz Araujo T, Ferguson TA, Fernández ÁF, Fernandez-Checa JC, Fernández-Veledo S, Fernie AR, Ferrante AW, Ferraresi A, Ferrari MF, Ferreira JC, Ferro-Novick S, Figueras A, Filadi R, Filigheddu N, Filippi-Chiela E, Filomeni G, Fimia GM, Fineschi V, Finetti F, Finkbeiner S, Fisher EA, Fisher PB, Flamigni F, Fliesler SJ, Flo TH, Florance I, Florey O, Florio T, Fodor E, Follo C, Fon EA, Forlino A, Fornai F, Fortini P, Fracassi A, Fraldi A, Franco B, Franco R, Franconi F, Frankel LB, Friedman SL, Fröhlich LF, Frühbeck G, Fuentes JM, Fujiki Y, Fujita N, Fujiwara Y, Fukuda M, Fulda S, Furic L, Furuya N, Fusco C, Gack MU, Gaffke L, Galadari S, Galasso A, Galindo MF, Gallolu Kankanamalage S, Galluzzi L, Galy V, Gammoh N, Gan B, Ganley IG, Gao F, Gao H, Gao M, Gao P, Gao SJ, Gao W, Gao X, Garcera A, Garcia MN, Garcia VE, García-Del Portillo F, Garcia-Escudero V, Garcia-Garcia A, Garcia-Macia M, García-Moreno D, Garcia-Ruiz C, García-Sanz P, Garg AD, Gargini R, Garofalo T, Garry RF, Gassen NC, Gatica D, Ge L, Ge W, Geiss-Friedlander R, Gelfi C, Genschik P, Gentle IE, Gerbino V, Gerhardt C, Germain K, Germain M, Gewirtz DA, Ghasemipour Afshar E, Ghavami S, Ghigo A, Ghosh M, Giamas G, Giampietri C, Giatromanolaki A, Gibson GE, Gibson SB, Ginet V, Giniger E, Giorgi C, Girao H, Girardin SE, Giridharan M, Giuliano S, Giulivi C, Giuriato S, Giustiniani J, Gluschko A, Goder V, Goginashvili A, Golab J, Goldstone DC, Golebiewska A, Gomes LR, Gomez R, Gómez-Sánchez R, Gomez-Puerto MC, Gomez-Sintes R, Gong Q, Goni FM, González-Gallego J, Gonzalez-Hernandez T, Gonzalez-Polo RA, Gonzalez-Reyes JA, González-Rodríguez P, Goping IS, Gorbatyuk MS, Gorbunov NV, Görgülü K, Gorojod RM, Gorski SM, Goruppi S, Gotor C, Gottlieb RA, Gozes I, Gozuacik D, Graef M, Gräler MH, Granatiero V, Grasso D, Gray JP, Green DR, Greenhough A, Gregory SL, Griffin EF, Grinstaff MW, Gros F, Grose C, Gross AS, Gruber F, Grumati P, Grune T, Gu X, Guan JL, Guardia CM, Guda K, Guerra F, Guerri C, Guha P, Guillén C, Gujar S, Gukovskaya A, Gukovsky I, Gunst J, Günther A, Guntur AR, Guo C, Guo C, Guo H, Guo LW, Guo M, Gupta P, Gupta SK, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta V, Gustafsson AB, Gutterman DD, H.B. 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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Abdelfatah
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Asghar Abdoli
- Pasteur institute of Iran, Department of Hepatitis and HIV, Tehran, Iran
| | - Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hagai Abeliovich
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Department of Biochemistry and Food Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marie H. Abildgaard
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, RNA and Autophagy Group, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yakubu Princely Abudu
- University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Medical Biology, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Abraham Acevedo-Arozena
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Research Unit; CIBERNED and Universidad de La Laguna, ITB, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Iannis E. Adamopoulos
- University of California, Davis, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Khosrow Adeli
- University of Toronto, Department of Biochemistry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timon E. Adolph
- Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Medicine I, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Annagrazia Adornetto
- University of Calabria, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Elma Aflaki
- National Institutes of Health, National Eye institute, Protein Structure and Function Section, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Galila Agam
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Nephrology and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Maria Agnello
- University of Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Alexander Agrotis
- University of Dundee, School of Life Sciences, MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Dundee, UK
| | - Patricia V. Aguilar
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Pathology, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - S. Tariq Ahmad
- Colby College, Department of Biology, Waterville, ME, USA
| | - Zubair M. Ahmed
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Departments of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ulises Ahumada-Castro
- Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, and Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sonja Aits
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Cell Death, Lysosomes and Artificial Intelligence Group, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shu Aizawa
- Nihon University, College of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yunus Akkoc
- Koç University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics and KUTTAM Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tonia Akoumianaki
- University of Crete, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Foundation for Research and Technology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- University of Crete, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Ahmed M. Al-Abd
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lina Al-Akra
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Abeer Al-Gharaibeh
- Insight Institute of Neurosurgery & Neuroscience, Department of Research, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Moulay A. Alaoui-Jamali
- McGill University, Departments of Medicine and Oncology and Segal Cancer Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon Alberti
- Technical University Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elísabet Alcocer-Gómez
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Facultad de Psicología, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristiano Alessandri
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Muhammad Ali
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Saeb Aliwaini
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza 108, Palestine
| | - Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Eugènia Almacellas
- University of Barcelona, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Barcelona, Spain
- Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, London, UK
| | | | - Alicia Alonso
- University of the Basque Country, Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leioa, Spain
| | - Guillermo D. Alonso
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor N. Torres”, Laboratorio de señalización y mecanismos adaptativos en Tripanosomátidos, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nihal Altan-Bonnet
- Laboratory of Host-Pathogen Dynamics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Élida M. C. Álvarez
- Buenos Aires University, Biochemistry and Pharmacy School, Deparment of Microbiology Immunology Biotechnology and Genetic, IDEHU, CABA, Argentina
| | - Sara Alves
- Universidade do Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Cancer Drug Resistance Group, Porto, Portugal; FFUP - Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Department of Biological Sciences, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristine Alves da Costa
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, team labeled Laboratory of Excellence (LABEX) Distalz, Valbonne, France
| | - Mazen M. Alzaharna
- Islamic University of Gaza, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Marialaura Amadio
- University of Pavia, Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- University of Camerino, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Camerino, Italy
| | - Cristina Amaral
- University of Porto, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susanna Ambrosio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Amal O. Amer
- Ohio State University, Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, and the Infectious Disease Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Zhenyi An
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stig U. Andersen
- Aarhus University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Shaida A. Andrabi
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Magaiver Andrade-Silva
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Faculty of Pharmacy, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Allen M. Andres
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- University of Bologna, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Bologna, Italy
| | - David Ann
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Uche C. Anozie
- University of Tennessee, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Mohammad Y. Ansari
- Northeast Ohio Medical university, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Pedro Antas
- iNOVA4Health Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Adam Antebi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing and CECAD, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Zuriñe Antón
- School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tahira Anwar
- University of Helsinki, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Nadezda Apostolova
- University of Valencia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd (Centre for Networked Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases), Valencia, Spain
| | - Toshiyuki Araki
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Araki
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Arasaki
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Hachioji, Horinouchi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wagner L. Araújo
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Jun Araya
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, Departent of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Catherine Arden
- Newcastle University, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Maria-Angeles Arévalo
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and CIBERFES, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandro Arguelles
- University of Seville, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Seville, Spain
| | - Esperanza Arias
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jyothi Arikkath
- Howard University College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Hirokazu Arimoto
- Tohoku University, Graduate School fo Life Sciences, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aileen R. Ariosa
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Darius Armstrong-James
- Imperial College London, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriolgy and Infection, Department of Microbiology, London, UK
| | - Laetitia Arnauné-Pelloquin
- Toulouse University, CNRS, UPS, Center for Integrative Biology (CBI), Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA), Toulouse, France
| | - Angeles Aroca
- Iowa State University, Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Roy J. Carver Co-Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Daniela S. Arroyo
- Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Laboratorio de Oncohematología, Hospital Nacional de Clínicas, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ivica Arsov
- York College/The City University of New York, Department of Biology, Jamaica, NY, USA
| | - Rubén Artero
- Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain; Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dalia Maria Lucia Asaro
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Palermo, Italy
| | - Michael Aschner
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osnat Ashur-Fabian
- Meir Medical Center, Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Kfar-Saba, Israel; Tel Aviv University, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- The Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alicia K. Au
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research and the Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrick Auberger
- University of Nice, Mediterranean Center for Molecular Medicine, Inserm U1065, Nice, France
| | | | - Laure Aurelian
- Departments of Pharmacology and Microbiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Riccardo Autelli
- University of Turin, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Avagliano
- University of Milan, Department of Health Sciences, Milano, Italy
| | - Yenniffer Ávalos
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Department of Biology, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sanja Aveic
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Neuroblastoma Laboratory, Padua, Italy
| | - Célia Alexandra Aveleira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, IIIUC - Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tamar Avin-Wittenberg
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Edmond Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yucel Aydin
- Tulane Health Sciences Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Sciences, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Scott Ayton
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Srinivas Ayyadevara
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Geriatrics, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Maria Azzopardi
- University of Malta, Department of Physiology & Biochemistry, Msida, Malta
| | - Misuzu Baba
- Kogakuin University, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jonathan M. Backer
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Steven K. Backues
- Eastern Michigan University, Department of Chemistry, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Dong-Hun Bae
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ok-Nam Bae
- Hanyang University, College of Pharmacy, Ansan, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Soo Han Bae
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eric H. Baehrecke
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ahruem Baek
- Konkuk University, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Baek
- Ajou University, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Suwon, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Baek
- Seoul National University, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Giacinto Bagetta
- University of Calabria, Department of Pharmacy, Health Science and Nutrition, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Bagniewska-Zadworna
- Adam Mickiewicz University/Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of General Botany, Poznan, Poland
| | - Hua Bai
- Iowa State University, Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jie Bai
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Medical School, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiyuan Bai
- National Jewish Health, Department of Academic Affairs, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Yidong Bai
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nandadulal Bairagi
- Jadavpur University, Department of Mathematics, Centre for Mathematical Biology and Ecology, Kolkata, India
| | - Shounak Baksi
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teresa Balbi
- University of Genoa, Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Walter Balduini
- University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Ballester
- Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Animal Breeding and Genetics Programme, Caldes de Montbui, Spain
| | - Salma Balazadeh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Rena Balzan
- University of Malta, Department of Physiology & Biochemistry, Msida, Malta
| | - Rina Bandopadhyay
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Reta Lila Weston Institute, London, UK
| | - Sreeparna Banerjee
- Middle East Technical University, Department of Biological Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sulagna Banerjee
- University of Miami, Department of Surgery and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
- University of Miami, Department of Surgery, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ágnes Bánréti
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France
| | - Yan Bao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mauricio S. Baptista
- Universidade de São Paulo. Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Baracca
- University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiana Barbati
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Ariadna Bargiela
- Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain; Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniela Barilà
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy; Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter G. Barlow
- Edinburgh Napier University, School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sami J. Barmada
- University of Michigan, Department of Neurology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Pompeu Fabra University, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - George E. Barreto
- University of Limerick, Department of Biological Sciences, Limerick, Ireland; University of Limerick, Health Research Institute, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bonnie Bartel
- Rice University, Department of Biosciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Gaurav R. Barve
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, and Neuroscience Unit, Autophagy Laboratory, Jakkur, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Diane C. Bassham
- Iowa State University, Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Robert C. Bast
- The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alakananda Basu
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Henri Batoko
- University of Louvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Isabella Batten
- Trinity College Dublin, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Etienne E. Baulieu
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM UMR1195, Hôpital Le Kremlin Bicêtre, 80 rue du Général Leclerc, 94276 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Rupert Beale
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; UCL, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Beau
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1185, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Florian Beaumatin
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, NUMEA, 64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Luiz R.G. Bechara
- University of Sao Paulo, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - George R. Beck
- Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael F. Beers
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, PENN Center for Pulmonary Biology, Lung Epithelial Biology Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jakob Begun
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane Australia
| | - Christian Behrends
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, München, Germany
| | - Georg M.N. Behrens
- Hannover Medical School, Department for Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roberto Bei
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Eloy Bejarano
- Tufts University, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Boston, MA, USA
- Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Moncada, Spain
| | - Shai Bel
- Bar-Ilan University, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Safed, Israel
| | - Christian Behl
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pathobiochemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Amine Belaid
- Boston University, Metcalf Science Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naïma Belgareh-Touzé
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Paris, France
| | | | - Francesca Belleudi
- University of Rome “Sapienza”, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Raquel Bello-Morales
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center/Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Mykolas Bendorius
- UMR 7242 “Biotechnology and cellular signaling”, CNRS, Illkirch, France
| | - Bruno A. Benitez
- Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis MO, USA
| | | | - Julien Bensalem
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Sabina Berezowska
- University of Lausanne Hospital and Lausanne University, Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Bergamaschi
- Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Institute, Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, London, UK
| | - Matteo Bergami
- University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Bergmann
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology (MCCB), Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Laura Berliocchi
- Magna Graecia University, Department of Health Sciences, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Amélie Bernard
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire UMR5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire UMR5200, Villenave d'Ornon, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lionel Berthoux
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Département de Biologie Médicale, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Cagri G. Besirli
- University of Michigan, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Rudi Beyaert
- Ghent University, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Kiran Bhaskar
- University of New Mexico, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Department of Neurology, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Resham Bhattacharya
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sujoy Bhattacharya
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shalmoli Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Md. Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Department of Life Science, Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Lanrong Bi
- Michigan Technological University, Department of Chemistry, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Xiaolin Bi
- Dalian Medical University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Trevor J. Biden
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Krikor Bijian
- McGill University, Departments of Medicine and Oncology and Segal Cancer Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Viktor A. Billes
- Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Department of Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nadine Binart
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1185, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Claudia Bincoletto
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Asa B. Birgisdottir
- University Hospital of North Norway, The Heart and Lung Clinic; University of Tromso-The Artic University of Norway, Department of Clinical Medicine, Tromso, Norway
| | - Geir Bjorkoy
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gonzalo Blanco
- University of York, Department of Biology, Heslington, UK
| | - Ana Blas-Garcia
- University of Valencia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd, Valencia, Spain
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Lodz, Poland
| | - Robert Blomgran
- Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children’s Health, Stockholm, Sweden AND Karolinska University Hospital, Pediatric Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Janice S. Blum
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Emilio Boada-Romero
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Immunology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mirta Boban
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Barry Boland
- University College Cork, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, County Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Paolo Bonaldo
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laura Bonfili
- University of Camerino, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Camerino, Italy
| | - Juan S. Bonifacino
- National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division (NCSBD), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian A. Boone
- West Virginia University, Department of Surgery, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Martin D. Bootman
- The Open University, School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Matteo Bordi
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Rome, Italy
| | - Christoph Borner
- Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Beat C. Bornhauser
- University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Children’s Research Center and Department of Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gautam Borthakur
- University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Leukemia, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jürgen Bosch
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cleveland, OH, USA; InterRayBio, LLC, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Santanu Bose
- Washington State University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Luis M. Botana
- University Santiago de Compostela, Department of Pharmacology, Veterinary Faculty, Lugo, Spain
| | - Juan Botas
- Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Michael E. Boulton
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mathieu Bourdenx
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Bourgeois
- Medical University of Graz, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graz, Austria
| | - Nollaig M. Bourke
- Trinity College Dublin, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Guilhem Bousquet
- University Paris 13, UMR_S942 Inserm; University of Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Patricia Boya
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter V. Bozhkov
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luiz H. M. Bozi
- Stanford University, Department of Chemical & Systems Biology, Stanford, CA, USA
- University of Sao Paulo, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tolga O. Bozkurt
- Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, London, UK
| | - Doug E. Brackney
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Center for Vector Biology and Zoonotic Diseases, Department of Environmental Sciences, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christian H. Brandts
- Goethe University, University Hospital, University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf J. Braun
- Danube Private University, Department of Medicine/Dental Medicine, Krems/Donau, Austria
| | - Gerhard H. Braus
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roberto Bravo-Sagua
- Universidad de Chile, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Santiago, Chile
| | - José M. Bravo-San Pedro
- Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Brest
- University Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Nice, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Bringer
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Dijon, France
| | - Alfredo Briones-Herrera
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biology, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - V. Courtney Broaddus
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and TraumaCenter, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey L. Brodsky
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Biological Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven L. Brody
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Paola G. Bronson
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeff M. Bronstein
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn N. Brown
- University of Colorado, AMC, Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Patricia C. Brum
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Physical Education and Sport, Cellular and Molecular Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - John H. Brumell
- Hospital for Sick Children, Cell Biology Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Bruno
- University of Insubria, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Bucci
- University of Salento, Dept of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Lecce, Italy
| | - Carmen Buchrieser
- Institut Pasteur, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires and CNRS UMR 3525, Paris, France
| | - Marta Bueno
- University of Pittsburgh, Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Laura Elisa Buitrago-Molina
- University Duisburg-Essen, Essen University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Simone Buraschi
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - J. Ross Buchan
- University of Arizona, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - Mauricio Budini
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Autophagy Research Center (ARC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Florin Burada
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Medical Genetics, Craiova, Romania
| | - Joseph R. Burgoyne
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - M. Isabel Burón
- University of Cordoba, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Victor Bustos
- The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Stockholm University, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Butturini
- University of Verona, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Biological Chemistry Section, Verona, Italy
| | - Aaron Byrd
- University of Arizona, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Isabel Cabas
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Sandra Cabrera-Benitez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, Fibrosis Lab, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ken Cadwell
- New York University School of Medicine, Skirball Institute and Department of Microbiology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lu Cai
- University of Louisville, Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Qian Cai
- Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Montserrat Cairó
- University of Barcelona, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Network Center for Biomedical Research in Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose A. Calbet
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Performance, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guy A. Caldwell
- University of Alabama, Department of Biological Sciences, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Kim A. Caldwell
- University of Alabama, Department of Biological Sciences, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Jarrod A. Call
- University of Georgia, Department of Kinesiology, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ana C. Calvo
- University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Veterinary-IIS Aragón, IA2-CITA, CIBERNED, Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry (LAGENBIO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Niels OS Camara
- University of São Paulo, Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Michelangelo Campanella
- University of London, The Royal Veterinary College, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, UCL Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, London, UK
| | - Edward M. Campbell
- Loyola University, Stritch School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - François-Xavier Campbell-Valois
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Host-Microbe Interactions Laboratory, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Silvia Campello
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Campesi
- Università di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sassari, Italy
| | - Juliane C. Campos
- University of Sao Paulo, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Olivier Camuzard
- Université Côte d'Azur, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CEA/DRF/BIAM, Faculté de Médecine, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs, Nice, France
| | - Jorge Cancino
- Universidad San Sebastián, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Danilo Candido de Almeida
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura Canesi
- University of Genoa, Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, Genoa, Italy
| | - Isabella Caniggia
- University of Toronto, Sinai Health System, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara Canonico
- University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Carles Cantí
- IRBLleida-University of Lleida,Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida, Spain
| | - Bin Cao
- Xiamen University School of Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Xiang'an, Xiamen, China
| | - Michele Caraglia
- University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Department of Precision Medicine, Naples, Italy; Institute of Genetic Research, Biogem scarl, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
| | - Beatriz Caramés
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Evie H. Carchman
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elena Cardenal-Muñoz
- University of Geneva, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Switzerland
| | - Cesar Cardenas
- Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, and Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Cardenas
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Institute of Biotechnology, Plant Molecular Biology Department, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Sandra M. Cardoso
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine and CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Georges F. Carle
- Université Côte d'Azur, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CEA/DRF/Institut Frédéric Joliot, Faculté de Médecine, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs, Nice, France
| | - Gillian Carleton
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Silvia Carloni
- University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino (PU), Italy
| | | | - Leticia A. Carneiro
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Immunology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Ancona, Italy
| | - Julian M. Carosi
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Serena Carra
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Modena, Italy
| | - Alice Carrier
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille Université U105, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Functional Genomics of Cardiomyopathies, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernadette Carroll
- School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - A. Brent Carter
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Andreia Neves Carvalho
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Magali Casanova
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LISM, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Caty Casas
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Department of Biological Chemistry; Networking Biomedical Research Centre on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBER-EHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Cassioli
- University of Siena, Department of Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Eliseo F. Castillo
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Karen Castillo
- Universidad de Valparaíso, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Laboratory of Molecular Sensors, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Sonia Castillo-Lluva
- Complutense University, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Castoldi
- Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Team “Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity”, Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Villejuif, France
| | - Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Ariel F. Castro
- Universidad de Concepción, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Concepción, Chile
| | - Margarida Castro-Caldas
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento Ciências da Vida, UCIBIO, Caparica, Portugal
| | | | - Susana Castro-Obregon
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Instituto de Fisiologia Celular, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sergio D. Catz
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Claudia Cavadas
- University of Coimbra, Portugal, CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology & Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Gabriella Cavallini
- University of Pisa, Interdepartmental Research Centre on Biology and Pathology of Aging, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Cavinato
- University of Innsbruck, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria L. Cayuela
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Telomerase, Cancer and Aging Group, Surgical Department, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paula Cebollada Rica
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Priority Area Infections, Division Cellular Microbiology, Borstel, Germany
| | - Valentina Cecarini
- University of Camerino, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Camerino, Italy
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark; IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene therapy, Rome, Italy; University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Simone Cenci
- Ospedale San Raffaele and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Milano, Italy
| | - Victòria Ceperuelo-Mallafré
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - João J. Cerqueira
- University of Minho, School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Braga, Portugal
| | - Janete M. Cerutti
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Department of Morphology and Genetics, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Davide Cervia
- University of Tuscia, Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food, and Forest systems (DIBAF), Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Cetrullo
- University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Andrei S. Chagin
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Gopal Chakrabarti
- University of Calcutta, Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Kolkata, India
| | - Oishee Chakrabarti
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, HBNI, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapas Chakraborty
- Ehime University, Department of Aquatic Life Sciences, Ainan, Ehime, Japan
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mounia Chami
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, team labeled Laboratory of Excellence (LABEX) Distalz, Valbonne, France
| | - Georgios Chamilos
- University of Crete, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Foundation for Research and Technology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - David W. Chan
- The University of Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edmond Y. W. Chan
- Queen's University, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward D. Chan
- National Jewish Health, Department of Academic Affairs, Denver, CO, USA
| | - H.Y. Edwin Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Life Sciences, Shatin N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Helen H. Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hung Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthew T.V. Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yau Sang Chan
- The University of Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Partha K. Chandra
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chih-Peng Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chunmei Chang
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA; University of California, Berkeley, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Hao-Chun Chang
- National University of Singapore, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Singapore
| | - Kai Chang
- Iowa State University, Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jie Chao
- Southeast University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tracey Chapman
- University of East Anglia, School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park, UK
| | - Nicolas Charlet-Berguerand
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Samrat Chatterjee
- NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Complex Analysis Group, Faridabad, India
| | - Shail K. Chaube
- Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Science, Department of Zoology, Lanka, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anu Chaudhary
- University of Washington, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Edward Chaum
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Frédéric Checler
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, team labeled Laboratory of Excellence (LABEX) Distalz, Valbonne, France
| | | | - Chang-Shi Chen
- National Cheng Kung University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Chao Chen
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- University of Southern California, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liam L. Chen
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Leilei Chen
- Qingdao University, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Daping Hospital, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for the Prevention and Rehabilitation of Training Related Injuries, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Third Military Medical University, Southwest Hospital, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Chongqing, China
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ning Chen
- Wuhan Sports University, College of Health Science, Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Quan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruey-Hwa Chen
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi Chen
- Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Duke University, Department of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ming Chen
- University of Sydney, Sydney Medical School, Renal Medicine, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiong-Wen Chen
- Temple University, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Physiology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xu Chen
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- Tsinghua University, School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- Peking University School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Immunology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Qin Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University, School of Life Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhefan Stephen Chen
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Life Sciences, Shatin N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Wuhan University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBME), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Chen
- 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian J. Chen
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Molecular Biology, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Zhixiang Chen
- Purdue University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hanhua Cheng
- Wuhan University, Hubei Key laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Capital Medical University, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Liver Disease Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology & Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei Cheng
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiu-Tang Cheng
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- East China Normal University, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Cheng
- University of Florida, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heesun Cheong
- National Cancer Center Korea, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Jit Kong Cheong
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Singapore
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Strategic Research Programme in Precision Medicine, Singapore
| | - Boris V. Chernyak
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sara Cherry
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chi Fai Randy Cheung
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Hei Antonio Cheung
- National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - King-Ho Cheung
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Eric Chevet
- INSERM U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France; Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Richard J. Chi
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Department of Biological Sciences, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Alan Kwok Shing Chiang
- The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Roberto Chiarelli
- University of Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Chiariello
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Siena, Italy; Core Research Laboratory, Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica, Siena, Italy
| | - Nathalia Chica
- The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Montebello, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Department of Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Montebello, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Oslo, Norway
| | - Susanna Chiocca
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, IFOM-IEO Campus, Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Chiong
- University of Chile, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Taipei Veterans Generals Hospital, Department of Medical Research, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Abhilash I. Chiramel
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Rocky Mountain Laboratories (RML), Laboratory of Virology, Innate Immunity and Pathogenesis Section, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Valerio Chiurchiù
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy; European Center for Brain Research, Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Life Science, Deagu, Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | | | - Mary E. Choi
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Norman S. Chow
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Charleen T. Chu
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jason P. Chua
- University of Michigan, Department of Neurology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Jia En Chua
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Physiology; National University of Singapore, LSI Neurobiology Programme; National University of Singapore, Institute for Health Innovation and Technology; National University Hospital Singapore, Centre for Healthy Longevity; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Hyewon Chung
- Konkuk University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kin Pan Chung
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Hyang Chung
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St, Mary's Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul, Kor
| | - Yuen-Li Chung
- Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, London, UK
| | - Valentina Cianfanelli
- IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Rome, Italy
| | - Iwona A. Ciechomska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Neurobiology Center, Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariana Cifuentes
- University of Chile, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Laura Cinque
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Sebahattin Cirak
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Pediatrics, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Mara Cirone
- University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael J. Clague
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Translational Research, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Liverpool, UK
- Molecular Physiology and Cell Signaling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Robert Clarke
- University of Minnesota, Hormel Institute, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Emilio Clementi
- Università di Milano, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana M. Coccia
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ehud Cohen
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mickael M. Cohen
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Paris, France
| | - Tania Colasanti
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Robert A. Colbert
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Pediatric Translational Research Branch, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna Colell
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (CSIC, IDIBAPS), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miodrag Čolić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nuria S. Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark O. Collins
- University of Sheffield, Department of Biomedical Science, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - María I. Colombo
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Daniel A. Colón-Ramos
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lydie Combaret
- Clermont-Auvergne University, INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sergio Comincini
- University of Pavia, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Pavia, Italy
| | - Márcia R. Cominetti
- Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Gerontology, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonella Consiglio
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat; University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia BS, Italy
| | - Andrea Conte
- National Institutes of Health, NIAMS, Lymphocyte Nuclear Biology, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabrizio Conti
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mark R. Cookson
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin M. Coombs
- University of Manitoba, Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Isabelle Coppens
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Dale P. Corkery
- Umeå University, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Department of Chemistry, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nils Cordes
- OncoRay National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- OncoRay National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katia Cortese
- University of Genoa, DIMES Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria do Carmo Costa
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Neurology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Costantino
- University of Zürich, Schlieren Campus, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Paola Costelli
- University of Turin, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- University of Oviedo, Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Peter J. Crack
- University of Melbourne, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jose L. Crespo
- CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro di Eccellenza per lo studio delle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cristofani
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro di Eccellenza per lo studio delle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Milano, Italy
| | - Tamas Csizmadia
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bing Cui
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Molecular Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Cui
- Sun Yat-sen University, School of Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixian Cui
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Cui
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Emmanuel Culetto
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, 1035 CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), INSERM U1280, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrea C. Cumino
- University of Mar del Plata, Department of Biology and Chemestry, Mar del Plata, BA, Argentina
| | | | - Mark J. Czaja
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Stefania D’Adamo
- University of Bologna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; Rizzoli Orthopaedics Institute, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrew C. D’Lugos
- University of Florida, Department of Physical Therapy, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gabriella D’Orazi
- University “G. D'Annunzio”, Department of Medical Sciences DSMOB, Chieti, Italy; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Department of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - James A. da Silva
- Federal University of Sergipe, Department of Pharmacy, São José, SE, Brazil
| | - Hormos Salimi Dafsari
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing and CECAD, University of Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Pediatrics, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ruben K. Dagda
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Yasin Dagdas
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Daglia
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Naples, Italy
| | - Xiaoxia Dai
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Public Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yun Dai
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuyuan Dai
- Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- University of Salerno, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Paul Dalhaimer
- University of Tennessee, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | | | - Tobias Dallenga
- Research Center Borstel, Cellular Microbiology, Borstel, Germany
| | - Guillaume Dalmasso
- University of Clermont Auvergne, M2iSH (Microbes, Intestine, Inflammation and Susceptibility of the Host), UMR 1071 Inserm, INRA USC 2018, CRNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Markus Damme
- Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Biochemical Institute, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ilaria Dando
- University of Verona, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Biological Chemistry Section, Verona, Italy
| | - Nico P. Dantuma
- Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - April L. Darling
- University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA; Institute for Biological Instrumentation of Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
- University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hiranmoy Das
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Santosh K. Dasari
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Srikanta Dash
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Crystallography, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrian N. Dauphinee
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey S. Davies
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Valeria A. Dávila
- University of Mar del Plata, Department of Biology and Chemestry, Mar del Plata, BA, Argentina
| | - Roger J. Davis
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Program in Molecular Medicine, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Tanja Davis
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Sharadha Dayalan Naidu
- University of Dundee School of Medicine, Division of Cellular Medicine, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- University of Calabria, Department of Farmacy Health and Nutritional Sciences, Rende, Italy
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Ghent University, Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francesca De Felice
- “Sapienza” University of Rome, Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata-Verona, Department of Medicine, Verona; Italy
| | - Chiara De Leonibus
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Angelo De Milito
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Clara De Palma
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Milano, Italy
| | - Mauro De Santi
- University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Unit of Pharmacology and Public Health, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Daniela De Zio
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jayanta Debnath
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Pathology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian J. DeBosch
- Washington University School of Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology & Physiology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jean-Paul Decuypere
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regenaration, Laboratory of Pediatrics, PKD Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark A. Deehan
- Boston University, Department of Biology, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - James DeGregori
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Benjamin Dehay
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gabriel Del Rio
- Instituto de Fisiologia Celular, UNAM, Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joe R. Delaney
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Lea M. D. Delbridge
- University of Melbourne, School of Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - M. Victoria Delpino
- University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francesca Demarchi
- L.N.C.I.B. Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy
| | - Vilma Dembitz
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nicholas D. Demers
- Hospital for Sick Children, Program in Cell Biology Department, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto, Department of Biochemistry, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hongbin Deng
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Deng
- Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Joern Dengjel
- University of Fribourg, Department of Biology, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Paul Dent
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Donna Denton
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Melvin L. DePamphilis
- Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Channing J. Der
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Vojo Deretic
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Autophagy, Inflamamtion and Metabolism (AIM) Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Albert Descoteaux
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Laura Devis
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Oncobell Program. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sushil Devkota
- University of California, San Diego; Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- University of Zurich, Institute of Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Grant Dewson
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Ubiquitin Signalling Division, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Medical Biology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mahendiran Dharmasivam
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Department of Life Science, Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Diego di Bernardo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- University of Naples “Federico II”, Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, Naples, Italy
| | - Manlio Di Cristina
- University of Perugia, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Biochemical Sciences A. Rossi Fanelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Di Fazio
- Philipps University of Marburg, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Di Leo
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chiara Di Malta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Di Nardo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Translational Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martina Di Rienzo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Di Sano
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - George Diallinas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Biology, Panepistimioupolis, Athens, Greece
| | - Jiajie Diao
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Guillermo Diaz-Araya
- University of Chile, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Inés Díaz-Laviada
- University of Alcalá, Deparment of Systems Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marc Diederich
- Seoul National University, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mélanie Dieudé
- University of Montreal, Faculty of Medicine, Microbiology, Infectious diseases and Immunology Department, CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Goethe University, Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shiping Ding
- Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Luciana Dini
- University of Rome La Sapienza, Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, Rome, Italy
| | - Jelena Dinić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic” - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department of Neurobiology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Dinic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova
- University of Dundee School of Medicine, Division of Cellular Medicine, Dundee, Scotland, UK
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marc S. Dionne
- Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences and MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, London, UK
| | - Jörg H.W. Distler
- Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Washington University School of Medicine and John Cochran VA Medical Center, Department of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ian M.C. Dixon
- University of Manitoba, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Ina Dobrinski
- University of Calgary, Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- University of Colima, University Center for Biomedical Research, Colima, Mexico
| | - Radek Dobrowolski
- Rutgers University, Department of Biological Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Renwick C.J. Dobson
- University of Canterbury, Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jelena Đokić
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Serap Dokmeci Emre
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- University of Verona, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Biological Chemistry Section, Verona, Italy
| | - Bo Dong
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Xiaonan Dong
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhiwu Dong
- Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gerald W. Dorn
- Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Volker Dotsch
- Goethe University, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Huan Dou
- Nanjing University, Medical School, Division of Immunology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Dou
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Sami Dridi
- University of Arkansas, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Liat Drucker
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ailian Du
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Shanghai, China
| | - Caigan Du
- University of British Columbia, Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Guangwei Du
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hai-Ning Du
- Wuhan University, Hubei Key laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Lin Du
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - André du Toit
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Shao-Bin Duan
- Central South University, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Changsha , Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Duan
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chengdu, China
| | - Sónia P. Duarte
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine and CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, IIIUC - Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elaine A. Dunlop
- Cardiff University, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Nicolas Dupont
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Raúl V. Durán
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Bilikere S. Dwarakanath
- Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Department of Research & Development, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Sergey A. Dyshlovoy
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hamburg, Germany
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Natural Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | | | - Leopold Eckhart
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Division for Biology and Pathobiology of the Skin, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charles L. Edelstein
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Division of Renal diseases, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eftekhar Eftekharpour
- University of Manitoba, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ludwig Eichinger
- University of Cologne, Centre for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nabil Eid
- United Arab Emirates University, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria; University of Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Graz, Austria
| | - N. Tony Eissa
- Long Beach VA and University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sanaa Eissa
- Ain Shams University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Miriam Ejarque
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Santitària Pere Virgili
| | - Abdeljabar El Andaloussi
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nazira El-Hage
- Florida International University, Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shahenda El-Naggar
- Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Tumor Biology Research Program, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Anna Maria Eleuteri
- University of Camerino, Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Camerino, Italy
| | - Eman S. El-Shafey
- Damietta University, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elgendy
- Technische Universität Dresden, Medical Clinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dresden, Germany; Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aristides G. Eliopoulos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Biology, Panepistimioupolis, Athens, Greece
| | - María M. Elizalde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Philip M. Elks
- University of Sheffield, The Bateson Centre, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease,Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Hans-Peter Elsasser
- Philipps University of Marburg, Department of Cytobiology and Cytopathology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Eslam S. Elsherbiny
- Damietta University, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Brooke M. Emerling
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - N. C. Tolga Emre
- Bogazici University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Nikolai Engedal
- Oslo University Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Tumor Biology, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Agnete S.T. Engelsen
- University of Bergen, Department of Biomedicine/ Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Bergen, Norway
| | - Jorrit M. Enserink
- The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Montebello, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Department of Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ricardo Escalante
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, C.S.I.C./U.A.M., Madrid, Spain
| | - Audrey Esclatine
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, 1035 CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), INSERM U1280, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | - Lucile Espert
- IRIM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Gemma Fabrias
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Department of Biological Chemistry; Networking Biomedical Research Centre on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBER-EHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinzia Fabrizi
- Sapienza University of Rome, DAHFMO-Section of Anatomy, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Facchiano
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudio Fader
- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, IHEM-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alex C. Faesen
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Biochemistry of Signal Dynamics, Göttingen, Germany
| | - W. Douglas Fairlie
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alberto Falcó
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Elche, Spain
| | | | - Daping Fan
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jie Fan
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yanbo Fan
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Cancer Biology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Evandro F. Fang
- University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Lørenskog, Norway; The Norwegian Centre on Healthy Ageing (NO-Age), Oslo, Norway
| | - Yanshan Fang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yognqi Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manolis Fanto
- King’s College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris, France
| | - Tamar Farfel-Becker
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mathias Faure
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), University Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Anthony O. Fedele
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Arthur M. Feldman
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Du Feng
- Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiachun Feng
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Department of Neurology, Changchun, China
| | - Lifeng Feng
- Medical School of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Key lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- The University of Hong Kong, School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuchen Feng
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Houston TX, USA
| | - Wei Feng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Beijing, China
| | - Thais Fenz Araujo
- University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Thomas A. Ferguson
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Álvaro F. Fernández
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jose C. Fernandez-Checa
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | | | - Alessandra Ferraresi
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Novara, Italy
| | - Merari F. Ferrari
- University of Sao Paulo, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Julio C.B. Ferreira
- Stanford University, Department of Chemical & Systems Biology, Stanford, CA, USA
- University of Sao Paulo, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Susan Ferro-Novick
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas CSIC, Department of Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Immunology and Genomics, Vigo, Spain
| | - Riccardo Filadi
- University of Padua, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padua, Italy; Italian National Research Council (CNR), Neuroscience Institute, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Filigheddu
- University of Piemonte Orientale, Department of Translational Medicine, Novara, Italy
| | - Eduardo Filippi-Chiela
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Morphological Sciences Department, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Clinicas Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Filomeni
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress Group, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Fineschi
- Università degli Studi Sapienza di Roma, SAIMLAL Department, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Steven Finkbeiner
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, Gladstone Institutes; Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward A. Fisher
- NYU School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul B. Fisher
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA; Virginia Commonwealth University, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery and Urology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Flavio Flamigni
- University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Steven J. Fliesler
- State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Departments of Ophthalmology/Biochemistry and Neuroscience Program, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Trude H. Flo
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Molecular Inflammation Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ida Florance
- Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Tullio Florio
- University of Genova, Department of Internal Medicine and IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Erika Fodor
- Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Department of Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carlo Follo
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and TraumaCenter, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward A. Fon
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antonella Forlino
- University of Pavia, Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- University of Pisa, Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Pisa, Italy; I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed Pozzilli, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Paola Fortini
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Environment and Health, Section of Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Models, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Fracassi
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Alessandro Fraldi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Redox Biology Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Flavia Franconi
- Laboratory of Sex-gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy
| | - Lisa B. Frankel
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, RNA and Autophagy Group, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Scott L. Friedman
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Gema Frühbeck
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Metabolic Research Laboratory, CIBEROBN, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose M. Fuentes
- University of Extremadura, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Yukio Fujiki
- Kyushu University, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naonobu Fujita
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Institute of Innovative Research, Cell Biology Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuuki Fujiwara
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Simone Fulda
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Luc Furic
- Monash University, Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Prostate Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Norihiko Furuya
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Carmela Fusco
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Michaela U. Gack
- The University of Chicago, Department of Microbiology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lidia Gaffke
- University of Gdansk, Department of Molecular Biology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sehamuddin Galadari
- New York University - Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island Campus, Division of Science (Biology), Cell Death Signaling Laboratory, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Alessia Galasso
- University of Oxford, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria F. Galindo
- Universidad Castilla La Mancha, Facultad de Farmacia, Área Tecnología Farmacéutica, Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Radiation Oncology, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Yale School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, New Haven, CT, USA; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Galy
- Sorbonne Université, Developmental Biology Laboratory, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, IBPS, UMR7622, Paris, France
| | - Noor Gammoh
- University of Edinburgh, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Boyi Gan
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ian G. Ganley
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Feng Gao
- Fourth Military Medical University, School of Aerospace Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Gao
- Harbin Institute of Technology, the HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Ping Gao
- South China University of Technology, School of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, GuangZhou, China
| | - Shou-Jiang Gao
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Hillman Cancer Center and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wentao Gao
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Gao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ana Garcera
- Universitat de Lleida, Department of Experimental Medicine, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Noé Garcia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Inmunología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica E. Garcia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Vega Garcia-Escudero
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aracely Garcia-Garcia
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, School of Medicine, Department of Histology, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Marina Garcia-Macia
- Universidad de Salamanca, Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Diana García-Moreno
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB- CSIC); Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Abhishek D. Garg
- KU Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Gargini
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tina Garofalo
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert F. Garry
- Tulane University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Nils C. Gassen
- University of Bonn, Clinical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Neurohomeostasis Group, Bonn, Germany
| | - Damian Gatica
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Liang Ge
- Tsinghua University, School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanzhong Ge
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Women's Hospital,Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruth Geiss-Friedlander
- Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- University of Milano, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Pascal Genschik
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Conventionné avec l'Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ian E. Gentle
- University Clinic Freiburg, Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Valeria Gerbino
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain and Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christoph Gerhardt
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kyla Germain
- Hospital for Sick Children, Program in Cell Biology Department, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto, Department of Biochemistry, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marc Germain
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Département de Biologie Médicale, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - David A. Gewirtz
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Departments of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Elham Ghasemipour Afshar
- Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Autophagy Research Center, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Torino, Italy
| | - Manosij Ghosh
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre Environment & Health, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Georgios Giamas
- University of Sussex, School of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, Brighton, UK
| | - Claudia Giampietri
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexandra Giatromanolaki
- Democritus University of Thrace, Medical School, Department of Pathology, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Gary E. Gibson
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, NY, USA
| | - Spencer B. Gibson
- University of Manitoba, Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Vanessa Ginet
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Women, Mother and Child, University Hospital Center of Vaud (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edward Giniger
- National Institutes of Health, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- University of Ferrara, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Henrique Girao
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Stephen E. Girardin
- University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mridhula Giridharan
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, and Neuroscience Unit, Autophagy Laboratory, Jakkur, Bangalore, India
| | - Sandy Giuliano
- University Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Nice, France
| | - Cecilia Giulivi
- University of California, Davis and MIND Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. Molecular Biosciences, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sylvie Giuriato
- INSERM, UMR1037 CRCT, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, Toulouse, France; CNRS, ERL5294 CRCT, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Giustiniani
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM UMR1195, Hôpital Le Kremlin Bicêtre, 80 rue du Général Leclerc, 94276 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Alexander Gluschko
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Cologne, Germany
| | - Veit Goder
- University of Seville, Department of Genetics, Seville, Spain
| | - Alexander Goginashvili
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research; University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jakub Golab
- Medical University of Warsaw, Department of Immunology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David C. Goldstone
- University of Auckland, School of Biological Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna Golebiewska
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Oncology, NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Luciana R. Gomes
- Center of Toxins, Immune-response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS) and Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular (LECC), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gomez
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire UMR5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire UMR5200, Villenave d'Ornon, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rubén Gómez-Sánchez
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Catalina Gomez-Puerto
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raquel Gomez-Sintes
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Qingqiu Gong
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
| | - Felix M. Goni
- University of the Basque Country, Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leioa, Spain
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- University of León, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), León, Spain
| | - Tomas Gonzalez-Hernandez
- University of La Laguna, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Rosa A. Gonzalez-Polo
- University of Extremadura, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jose A. Gonzalez-Reyes
- University of Cordoba, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Ing Swie Goping
- University of Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marina S. Gorbatyuk
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Optometry and Vision Science, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Kıvanç Görgülü
- Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Comprehensive Cancer Center München, München, Germany
| | - Roxana M. Gorojod
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sharon M. Gorski
- BC Cancer, Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sandro Goruppi
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cecilia Gotor
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis (CSIC-IBVF), Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Illana Gozes
- Tel Aviv University, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Koç University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics and KUTTAM Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Martin Graef
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus H. Gräler
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB) and Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena, Germany
| | - Veronica Granatiero
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Grasso
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Inmunología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joshua P. Gray
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Douglas R. Green
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Immunology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Stephen L. Gregory
- Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Edward F. Griffin
- University of Alabama at Birmingham,Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Boston University, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frederic Gros
- Université de Strasbourg/CNRS UPR 3572 Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Charles Grose
- University of Iowa, Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Florian Gruber
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Division for Biology and Pathobiology of the Skin, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paolo Grumati
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Tilman Grune
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Xueyan Gu
- Lanzhou University, School of Public Health, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jun-Lin Guan
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Carlos M. Guardia
- National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division (NCSBD), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kishore Guda
- Case Western Reserve University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Flora Guerra
- University of Salento, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Lecce, Italy
| | - Consuelo Guerri
- Research Center Principe Felipe, Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Valencia, Spain
| | - Prasun Guha
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carlos Guillén
- School of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Dalhousie University, Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Pathology, Biology, and Microbiology & Immunology, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Anna Gukovskaya
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ilya Gukovsky
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jan Gunst
- KU Leuven, Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andreas Günther
- Justus-Liebig University, Department of Internal Medicine, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anyonya R. Guntur
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Guo
- The University of Sheffield, Department of Biomedical Science, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hongqing Guo
- Iowa State University, Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ming Guo
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Neurology, Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Institute of Microbial Technology, Department of Molecular Biology, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Swapnil Gupta
- University of Oslo, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Veer Bala Gupta
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Macquarie University, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Asa B. Gustafsson
- University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David D. Gutterman
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ranjitha H.B.
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, FMD VP Laboratory, Bengaluru, India
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - James E. Haber
- Brandeis University, Department of Biology and Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Aleksandra Hać
- University of Gdansk, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Shinji Hadano
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Anders J. Hafrén
- Swedish Agricultural University (SLU), Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mansour Haidar
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Belinda S. Hall
- University of Surrey, School of Bioscience and Medicine, Department of Microbial Sciences, Stag Hill Campus, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Gunnel Halldén
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Centre for Biotherapeutics and Biomarkers, London, UK
| | - Anne Hamacher-Brady
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrea Hamann
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Maho Hamasaki
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Weidong Han
- Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Malene Hansen
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Program of Development, Aging and Regeneration, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Phyllis I. Hanson
- University of Michigan, Department of Biological Chemistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zijian Hao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Masaru Harada
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Ljubica Harhaji-Trajkovic
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nirmala Hariharan
- University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nigil Haroon
- University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Harris
- Monash University, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Group, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Takafumi Hasegawa
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience & Sensory Organs, Sendai, Japan
| | - Noor Hasima Nagoor
- University of Malaya, Institute of Biological Sciences (Genetics), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jeffrey A. Haspel
- Washington University School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wayne D. Hawkins
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bruce A. Hay
- California Institute of Technology, Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Cole M. Haynes
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Soren B. Hayrabedyan
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction Acad. Kiril Bratanov, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Thomas S. Hays
- University of Minnesota, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Congcong He
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qin He
- Sichuan University, West China School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Jinan University, College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, China
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yu-Ying He
- University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yasser Heakal
- D'Youville College, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical, Social and Administrative Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Alexander M. Heberle
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, Laboratory of Pediatrics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J. Fielding Hejtmancik
- National Institutes of Health, National Eye Institute, Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, Ophthalmic Molecular Genetics Section, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gudmundur Vignir Helgason
- University of Glasgow, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Vanessa Henkel
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Marc Herb
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Agustín Hernández
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Department of Genetics and Evolution, São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Carlos Hernandez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Fundación Miguel Servet, Biomedical Research Center of Navarre-Navarrabiomed, Immunomodulation Group, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Hernandez-Diaz
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives (IMN), CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Virginia Hernandez-Gea
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Unit, Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica Red de enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amaury Herpin
- INRA, UR1037 Laboratory of Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France; Hunan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Judit Herreros
- University of Lleida, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Javier H. Hervás
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, London, UK
- Universidad del País Vasco, Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Daniel Hesselson
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claudio Hetz
- University of Chile, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; University of Chile, Institute of Biomedical Science, Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | - Yujiro Higuchi
- Kyushu University, Depatment of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Joseph A. Hill
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Molecular Biology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Emmanuel A. Ho
- University of Waterloo, School of Pharmacy, Kitchener, ON, Canada
| | - Idy H.T. Ho
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Philip Wing-Lok Ho
- University of Hong Kong, Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shu-Leong Ho
- University of Hong Kong, Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wan Yun Ho
- National University of Singapore, Department of Physiology, Singapore
| | - G. Aaron Hobbs
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pharmacology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark Hochstrasser
- Yale University, Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peter H.M. Hoet
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre Environment & Health, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel Hofius
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paul Hofman
- University Côte d'Azur, FHU OncoAge, Department of Pathology, Nice, France
| | - Annika Höhn
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Carina I. Holmberg
- University of Helsinki, Medicum, Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jose R. Hombrebueno
- University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Lora V. Hooper
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Graduate Institute of Medicine & Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- University of Cologne, Institute for Genetics and CECAD Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Yujin Hoshida
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - I-Lun Hsin
- Chung Shan Medical University, Institute of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yun Hsu
- National Chiao-Tung University, Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Bing Hu
- University of Plymouth, Faculty of Health: Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences, Peninsula Dental School, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - Dong Hu
- Anhui University of Science and Technology, Department of Medical Immunology, Huainan, China
| | - Li-Fang Hu
- Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ming Chang Hu
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles and Jane Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ronggui Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Southern Medical University, Shenzhen Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen, Guangdong
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of Chemical Engineering, and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Zhuo-Wei Hu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Molecular Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Hua
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Molecular Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- Northwest A&F University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongmin Huan
- State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Department of Surgery and Cell Biology, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Canhua Huang
- Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, Urology, Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chuanxin Huang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology & Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunling Huang
- University of Sydney, Kolling Institute, Renal Research Lab, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Haishan Huang
- Wenzhou Medical University, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Tongji Medical College, School of Pharmacy, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Michael L.H. Huang
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rui Huang
- Chongqing University, School of Medicine, Center for Neurointelligence, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Radiation Oncology, Xi'an, Shaan Xi, China
| | - Tianzhi Huang
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology & Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xing Huang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxiang Jack Huang
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Virginie Hubert
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian A. Hubner
- University Hospital Jena, Institute of Human Genetics, Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Stephanie M. Hughes
- University of Otago, School of Biomedical Sciences and Brain Health Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - William E. Hughes
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Magali Humbert
- University of Bern, Institute of Pathology, Bern, Switzerland; TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European network for multidisciplinary research and translation of autophagy knowledge, COST Action CA15138
| | - Gerhard Hummer
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - James H. Hurley
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sabah Hussain
- McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Salik Hussain
- West Virginia University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Martina Hutabarat
- University of Indonesia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hui-Yun Hwang
- Yonsei University, Department of Biotechnology, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungmin Hwang
- The University of Chicago, Department of Pathology, Chicago, IL, USA; present address: VIR Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Ieni
- University of Messina, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Pathology, Messina, Italy
| | - Fumiyo Ikeda
- Kyushu University, Medical Institute of Bioregulation (MIB), Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Imagawa
- Osaka International Cancer Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Imai
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Carol Imbriano
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Life Sciences, Modena, Italy
| | - Masaya Imoto
- Juntendo University, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Division for Development of Autophagy Modulating Drugs, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Denise M. Inman
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, North Texas Eye Research Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Ken Inoki
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Javier E. Irazoqui
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Pablo Iribarren
- National University of Córdoba, Clinical Biochemistry Department, CIBICI-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mohd Ishaq
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Makoto Ishikawa
- Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Akita, Japan
| | - Nestor Ishimwe
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; South China University of Technology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Novara, Italy
| | - Nahed Ismail
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Biocentre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), Neuroinflammation Unit, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | | | - Daisuke Ito
- Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Davor Ivankovic
- University College London, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London, UK
| | - Saška Ivanova
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquimica i Biomedicina Molecular, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anand Krishnan V. Iyer
- Hampton University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - José M. Izquierdo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Masanori Izumi
- RIKEN, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Majid Sakhi Jabir
- University of Technology, Department of applied science, Division of Biotechnology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - William T. Jackson
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nadia Jacobo-Herrera
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Unidad de Bioquimica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Elise Jacquin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM ,UMR-S 1193, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Pooja Jadiya
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Center for Translational Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Arjen J. Jakobi
- Delft University of Technology, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Department of Bionanoscience, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Jakobsson
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bassam Janji
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Tumor Immunotherapy and Microenvironment (TIME) group, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Pidder Jansen-Dürr
- University of Innsbruck, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Patric J. Jansson
- Cancer Drug Resistance and Stem Cell Program, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan Jantsch
- University Hospital of Regensburg, Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, Regensburg , Germany
| | - Sławomir Januszewski
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Laboratory of Ischemic and Neurodegenerative Brain Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alagie Jassey
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Steve Jean
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département d'immunologie et de biologie cellulaire, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Pavla Jendelova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Department of Neuroregeneration, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andreas Jenny
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology and Department of Genetics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas E. Jensen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Section of Molecular Physiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Jessen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jenna L. Jewell
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Molecular Biology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jing Ji
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijun Jia
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Jia
- National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division (NCSBD), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Liwen Jiang
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Purdue University, Department of Nutrition Science, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Richeng Jiang
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Teng Jiang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Yu Jiang
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria Jimenez-Sanchez
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Eun-Jung Jin
- Wonkwang Univesity, Department of Biological Sciences, Iksan, Chunbuk, Korea
| | - Fengyan Jin
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Cancer Center, Department of Hematology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongchuan Jin
- ZhejiangUniversity, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Jin
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Luqi Jin
- Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meiyan Jin
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Si Jin
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Liyuan hospital of Tongji Medical College, Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Carine Joffre
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Terje Johansen
- University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Medical Biology, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gail V.W. Johnson
- University of Rochester, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Simon A. Johnston
- University of Sheffield, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease and the Bateson Centre, Sheffield, UK
| | - Eija Jokitalo
- University of Helsinki, Institute of Biotechnology, Cell and Tissue Dynamics Programme and Electron Microscopy Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Indian Institute of Science, Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Bangalore, India
| | - Leo A.B. Joosten
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joaquin Jordan
- Universidad Castilla La Mancha, Departmento Ciencias Medicas, Albacete, Spain
| | - Bertrand Joseph
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Department of Biological Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Jeong-Sun Ju
- The University of Suwon, Department of Health Science, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Jingfang Ju
- Stony Brook University, Department of Pathology, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Esmeralda Juárez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Isamel Cosío Villegas, Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Delphine Judith
- Université Paris Descartes, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Youngsoo Jun
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Research Group of Natural Material and Metabolism, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Jung
- Ewha Womans University, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Keun Jung
- Seoul National University, School of Biological Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Children's Neuroscience Centre, London, UK; King's College London, Muscle Signalling Section, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, UK; King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, London, UK
| | | | - Steffen Just
- University of Ulm, Department of Internal Medicine II, Molecular Cardiology, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Allen Kaasik
- University Tartu, Department of Pharmacology, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tomohiro Kabuta
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daniel Kaganovich
- University Medical Center Gottingen, Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Alon Kahana
- University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Renate Kain
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shinjo Kajimura
- University of California, San Francisco UCSF Diabetes Center, Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Kalamvoki
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Manjula Kalia
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Danuta S. Kalinowski
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nina Kaludercic
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Neuroscience Institute, Padua, Italy
| | - Ioanna Kalvari
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joanna Kaminska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Hiromitsu Kanamori
- Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardioligy, Gifu, Japan
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Internal Medicine 1, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Chanhee Kang
- Seoul National University, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rui Kang
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sang Sun Kang
- Chungbuk National University, Department of Biology Education, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
| | | | - Tomotake Kanki
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cellular Physiology, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Marc Kantorow
- Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | | | - Michalis V. Karamouzis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Athens, Greece
| | - Md. Razaul Karim
- University of Minnesota, Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Jadavpur University, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kolkata, India
| | - Rajesh G. Katare
- University of Otago, Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Masaru Kato
- Hokkaido University, Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Anu Kauppinen
- University of Eastern Finland, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gur P. Kaushal
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Susmita Kaushik
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kiyoshi Kawasaki
- Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kemal Kazan
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Agriculture and Food, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Po-Yuan Ke
- Chang Gung University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Damien J. Keating
- Flinders University, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ursula Keber
- Philipps University and University Hospital of Marburg, Department of Neuropathology, Marburg, Germany
| | - John H. Kehrl
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kate E. Keller
- Oregon Health & Science University, Casey Eye Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Christian W. Keller
- University of Münster, University Hospital, Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Münster, Germany
| | - Jongsook Kim Kemper
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Candia M. Kenific
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France; Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U 1138, Paris, France
| | | | - Andreas Kern
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pathobiochemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Robin Ketteler
- University College London, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, London, UK
| | - Tom G. Keulers
- Maastricht University Medical Center, GROW School for Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy, Maastricht|, The Netherlands
| | - Boris Khalfin
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Hany Khalil
- University of Sadat City, Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Bilon Khambu
- Indiana University-Purdue University (IUPUI), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shahid Y. Khan
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Rekha Khandia
- Barkatullah University, Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, Bhopal, India
| | - Widuri Kho
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Noopur V. Khobrekar
- Columbia University, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sataree Khuansuwan
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mukhran Khundadze
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University Hospital Jena, Institute of Human Genetics, Jena, Germany
| | - Samuel A. Killackey
- University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dasol Kim
- Yonsei University, Department of Biotechnology, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institude of Health Sciences, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dong-Eun Kim
- Konkuk University, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Kim
- Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hak-Rim Kim
- Dankook University, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Cheonan, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Hee-Sik Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cell Factory Research Center, Daejeon, Korea; University of Science and Technology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Ophthalmology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Kim
- Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Konkuk University, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joungmok Kim
- Kyung Hee University, Department of Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Hwan Kim
- Dankook University, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Cheonan, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Keun Il Kim
- Sookmyung Women's University, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Peter K. Kim
- Hospital for Sick Children, Program in Cell Biology Department, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto, Department of Biochemistry, Toronto, Canada
| | - Seong-Jun Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Scot R. Kimball
- Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Adi Kimchi
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alec C. Kimmelman
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tomonori Kimura
- National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Center for Rare Disease Research, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Kerri J. Kinghorn
- University College London, Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, London, UK
| | - Conan G. Kinsey
- University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; University of Utah School of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Vladimir Kirkin
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research London, Sutton, UK
| | - Lorrie A. Kirshenbaum
- St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine; Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sergey L. Kiselev
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Department of Epigenetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Shuji Kishi
- S&J Kishi Research Corporation, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Kitamoto
- Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medical Business Sciences, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kitaoka
- St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaio Kitazato
- Nagasaki University, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Clinical Research Pharmacy, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Richard N. Kitsis
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Josef T. Kittler
- University College London, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London, UK
| | - Ole Kjaerulff
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Neuroscience, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter S. Klein
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Medicine (Hematology-Oncology), Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Klucken
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Molecular Neurology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helene Knævelsrud
- University of Oslo, Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Montebello, Norway; Oslo University Hospital, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Montebello, Norway
| | - Roland L. Knorr
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- The University of Tokyo, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ben C.B. Ko
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fred Ko
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiunn-Liang Ko
- Chung Shan Medical University, Institute of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Hotaka Kobayashi
- The University of Tokyo, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Laboratory of RNA Function, Tokyo, Japan; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Satoru Kobayashi
- New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| | - Ina Koch
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, Institute of Computer Science, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan C. Koch
- University Medicine Göttingen, Clinic for Neurology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Koenig
- University Hospital Münster (UKM), Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Donat Kögel
- Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Neuroscience Center, Experimental Neurosurgery, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Young Ho Koh
- Division of Brain Disease Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Masato Koike
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sepp D. Kohlwein
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nur M. Kocaturk
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Pediatrics, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Juntendo University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeannette König
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Toru Kono
- Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, Advanced Surgery Center, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Benjamin T. Kopp
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Gözde Korkmaz
- Koç University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics and KUTTAM Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Viktor I. Korolchuk
- Newcastle University, Ageing Research Laboratories, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mónica Suárez Korsnes
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Trondheim, Norway; Korsnes Biocomputing (KoBio), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ali Koskela
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Janaiah Kota
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Monica L. Kotler
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yanjun Kou
- China National Rice Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou. China
| | - Michael I. Koukourakis
- Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Radiotherapy/Oncology, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Evangelos Koustas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Athens, Greece
| | - Attila L. Kovacs
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Department of Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Kanazawa Medical University, Department of Diabetology & Endocrinology, Uchinadacho, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kozako
- Fukuoka University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Claudine Kraft
- University of Freiburg, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Helmut Krämer
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Anna D. Krasnodembskaya
- Queen's University of Belfast, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Belfast, UK
| | - Carole Kretz-Remy
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Institut NeuroMyoGène, Lyon, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Paris, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Villejuif, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Pôle de Biologie, Paris, France; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China; Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Women's and Children's Health,
| | | | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Tokyo University of Science, Department of Applied Biological Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sabine Kuenen
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Thomas Kukar
- Emory University, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ajay Kumar
- PK-PD-Toxicology and Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- University of Houston, Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute (BBRI) and North Carolina Central University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cellular Immunology Group, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shinji Kume
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Department of Medicine, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Caroline Kumsta
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Program of Development, Aging and Regeneration, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chanakya N. Kundu
- Kalinga institute of industrial technology (KIIT-DU), School of Biotechnology, Campus 11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mondira Kundu
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Lukasz Kurgan
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Computer Science, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Tatiana G. Kutateladze
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ozlem Kutlu
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - SeongAe Kwak
- Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Zoonosis Research Center, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Kwon
- Yonsei University, Department of Biotechnology, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kwon
- Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Irene Kyrmizi
- University of Crete, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Foundation for Research and Technology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Albert La Spada
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Sylvain Ladoire
- University of Burgundy, Centre Georges François Leclerc, Department of Medical Oncology, Dijon, France
| | - Ilaria Laface
- University of Ferrara, Department of Translational Medicine, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Frank Lafont
- Cellular Microbiology and Physics of Infection Group, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Diane C. Lagace
- University of Ottawa, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vikramjit Lahiri
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhibing Lai
- Huazhong Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, China
| | - Angela S. Laird
- Macquarie University, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aparna Lakkaraju
- University of California, San Francisco Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Trond Lamark
- University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Medical Biology, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sheng-Hui Lan
- National Yang-Ming University, Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ane Landajuela
- Yale University, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Darius J. R. Lane
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jon D. Lane
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Charles H. Lang
- Penn State College Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Carsten Lange
- University of Greifswald, Institute of Pharmacy, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ülo Langel
- Stockholm University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rupert Langer
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Linz, Austria
| | - Pierre Lapaquette
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, Dijon, France
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- IGBMC, Inserm U1258, Cnrs UMR7104, Strasbourg University, Illkirch, France
| | - Nicholas F. LaRusso
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Isabel Lastres-Becker
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wilson Chun Yu Lau
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gordon W. Laurie
- University of Virginia, Department of Cell Biology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- University of Chile, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Molecular Biology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- Macau University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Helen Ka-wai Law
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hunghom, Hong Kong
| | - Rob Layfield
- University of Nottingham, School of Life Sciences, Nottingham, UK
| | - Weidong Le
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Provincial Hospital, Medical School of UESTC, Chengdu, China
| | - Herve Le Stunff
- Université Paris Saclay, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro-PSI)-CNRS UMR 9197, Orsay France
| | | | - Jean-Jacques Lebrun
- McGill University Health Center, Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lionel Y.W. Leck
- Cancer Drug Resistance and Stem Cell Program, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jean-Philippe Leduc-Gaudet
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Montréal, Québec, Canada; McGill University, Department of Critical Care and Division of Experimental Medicine, Montréal, Québec, Canada; UQAM, Faculté des Sciences, Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Montréal, Canada
| | - Changwook Lee
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Chung-Pei Lee
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Da-Hye Lee
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Edward B. Lee
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Erinna F. Lee
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- KAIST, Department of Biological Sciences, Daejon, Korea
| | - He-Jin Lee
- Konkuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jason S. Lee
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jin-A Lee
- Hannam University, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yong Lee
- Chungnam National University, Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology (GRAST), Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Lee
- Incheon National University, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Division of Life Sciences, Incheon, Korea
| | - Min Goo Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jae Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Lee
- Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Suwon, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Stella Y. Lee
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sung Bae Lee
- DGIST, Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won Hee Lee
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Ying-Ray Lee
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Translational Medicine Research Center, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Yong-ho Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngil Lee
- University of West Florida, Department of Movement Sciences and Health, Pensacola, FL, USA
| | - Christophe Lefebvre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, 1035 CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), INSERM U1280, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Renaud Legouis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, 1035 CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), INSERM U1280, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yu L. Lei
- University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuchen Lei
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sergey Leikin
- National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Maribor, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology, Maribor, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Maribor, Slovenia; Medical University of Graz, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Graz, Austria
- Medical University of Graz, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Graz, Austria
| | - Leticia Lemus
- University of Seville, Department of Genetics, Seville, Spain
| | - Shuilong Leng
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Olivia Lenoir
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Université de Paris, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, Paris, France
| | - Guido Lenz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Center of Biotechnology and Department of Biophysics, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Paola Lenzi
- University of Pisa, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Pisa, Italy
| | - Yolanda León
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andréia M. Leopoldino
- University of São Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Christoph Leschczyk
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Priority Area Infections, Division Cellular Microbiology, Borstel, Germany
| | - Stina Leskelä
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- University of Luxembourg, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Chi-Ting Leung
- University of Hong Kong, Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Po Sing Leung
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Jeremy S. Leventhal
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beth Levine
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Patrick A. Lewis
- Royal Veterinary College, London, UK; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, London, UK
| | - Klaus Ley
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology and University of California San Diego, Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bin Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Li
- Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Department of Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jiong Li
- Sichuan University, West China Hospital, State key laboratory of biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Li
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Liwu Li
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mei Li
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Pediatric Research, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mingchuan Li
- Jinan University, College of Life Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Departement of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Fudan University, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sheng Li
- South China Normal University, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiangang Li
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenming Li
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xue Li
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Departments of Urology and Surgery, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuan Li
- Stanford University, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiqin Lian
- Army Medical University, Department of Bichemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengyu Liang
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qiangrong Liang
- New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| | - Weicheng Liang
- Sun Yat-sen University, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Vaccine Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongheng Liang
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing , China
| | - YongTian Liang
- Free University of Berlin, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guanghong Liao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lujian Liao
- East China Normal University, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingzhi Liao
- Northwest A&F University, College of Life Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yung-Feng Liao
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mariangela Librizzi
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pearl P. Y. Lie
- Nathan S. Kline Institute, Center for Dementia Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Mary A. Lilly
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hyunjung J. Lim
- Konkuk University, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Thania R.R. Lima
- São Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical School, Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Department of Pathology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Federica Limana
- San Raffaele Open University and IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Laboratorio di Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Rome, Italy
| | - Chao Lin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing, China
| | - Chih-Wen Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; I-Shou University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dar-Shong Lin
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei, Taiwan; Mackay Medical College, Department of Medicine, New Taipei,Taiwan
| | - Fu-Cheng Lin
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treatments to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiandie D. Lin
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kurt M. Lin
- National Health Research Institutes, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Liver Research Center, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, College of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hui Lin
- The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qiong Lin
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaofeng Lin
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Wenyu Lin
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Gastrointestinal Unit/Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xueying Lin
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yao-Xin Lin
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Rafael Linden
- Instituto de Biofisica da UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Lindner
- Oslo University Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Tumor Biology, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shuo-Chien Ling
- National University of Singapore, Department of Physiology, Singapore
| | - Paul Lingor
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Amelia K. Linnemann
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yih-Cherng Liou
- University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore
| | - Marta M. Lipinski
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saška Lipovšek
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Maribor, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology, Maribor, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Maribor, Slovenia; Medical University of Graz, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Graz, Austria
| | - Vitor A. Lira
- University of Iowa, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Obesity Research and Education Initiative, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Health and Human Physiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Natalia Lisiak
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paloma B. Liton
- Duke University, Department of Ophthalmology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chao Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Ching-Hsuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cui Hua Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Institute of Microbiology, CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Nankai University, Department of Microbiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hsiao-Sheng Liu
- National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hua-feng Liu
- Guangdong Medical University, Institute of Nephrology, and Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huifang Liu
- University of Hong Kong, Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Central South University, School of Life Sciences, Molecular Biology Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Julia Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Leyuan Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longhua Liu
- Columbia University, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meilian Liu
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Nutrition, Agricultural Resources and Environmental Science, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wende Liu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- Zhejiang University, Biotechnology Institute, State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Microbiology; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuedong Liu
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Biochemistry, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Yanfen Liu
- ShanghaiTech University, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Saarland University, Department of Neurology, Homburg, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang, China
| | - Yule Liu
- Tsinghua Unversity, School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J. Andrew Livingston
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gerard Lizard
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team ’Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270)/Inserm, Faculty of Sciences Gabriel, Dijon, France
| | - Jose M. Lizcano
- Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Departament of Biochemistry and Institut Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - David Llobet-Navàs
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Oncobell Program. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Oslo University Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chih Hung Lo
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Damián Lobato-Márquez
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Department of Infection Biology, London, UK
| | - Qi Long
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chau Long
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Singapore
| | - Ben Loos
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Julia A. Loos
- University of Mar del Plata, Department of Biology and Chemestry, Mar del Plata, BA, Argentina
| | - Manuela G. López
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Antonio López-Guerrero
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Madrid, Spain and Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana T. López-Jiménez
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Department of Infection Biology, London, UK
| | - Óscar López-Pérez
- Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS, Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Zaragoza, Spain; Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS, Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Israel López-Valero
- Complutense University, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena J. Lorenowicz
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Center for Molecular Medicine, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Regenerative Medicine Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mar Lorente
- Complutense University, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Lorincz
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura Lossi
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Sophie Lotersztajn
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Inserm-UMR1149, Paris, France
| | - Penny E. Lovat
- Newcastle University, Institute of Translation and Clinical Studies, Precision Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Alenka Lovy
- Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology and Geroscience for Brain, Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Péter Lőw
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Guang Lu
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Singapore
| | - Haocheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jia-Hong Lu
- University of Macau, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- University of Macau, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Mengji Lu
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - John M. Lucocq
- University of St Andrews, School of Medicine, North Haugh, St Andrews, UK
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal and ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Micah A. Luftig
- Duke University, School of Medicine, Duke Center for Virology, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Morten Luhr
- Oslo University Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Tumor Biology, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Diego Luis-Ravelo
- University of La Laguna, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Julian J. Lum
- BC Cancer, Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, Victoria, BC, Canada; University of Victoria, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Liany Luna-Dulcey
- Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Gerontology, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Anders H. Lund
- University of Copenhagen, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Viktor K. Lund
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Neuroscience, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan D. Lünemann
- University of Münster, University Hospital, Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Honglin Luo
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation/Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rongcan Luo
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shouqing Luo
- Plymouth University, Peninsula School of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK
| | - Zhi Luo
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fishery College, Wuhan, China
| | - Claudio Luparello
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bernhard Lüscher
- RWTH Aachen University, Medical School, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Alex Lyakhovich
- International Clinical Research Center, St'Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Siberia, Russia
| | - Konstantin G. Lyamzaev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alf Håkon Lystad
- University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lyubomyr Lytvynchuk
- Justus Liebig University, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Departement of Ophthalmology, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alvin C. Ma
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changle Ma
- Shandong Normal University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengxiao Ma
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ning-Fang Ma
- Guangzhou Medical University, Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Soochow University, Institute of Neuroscience, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinliang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yueyun Ma
- Air Force Medical University, Xijing Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenyi Ma
- Tianjin Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin, China
| | - Ormond A. MacDougald
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fernando Macian
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Pathology. Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo C. MacIntosh
- Iowa State University, Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Kay F. Macleod
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, USA
| | - Sandra Maday
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Neuroscience, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frank Madeo
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed-Graz, BioHealth, Graz, Austria
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- University of Texas Health San Antonio, Department of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tobias Madl
- Medical University of Graz, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graz, Austria
| | - Julio Madrigal-Matute
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Institute for Aging Studies, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Akiko Maeda
- RIKEN, Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Maejima
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marta Magarinos
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Poornima Mahavadi
- Justus-Liebig University, Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Emiliano Maiani
- Part overlaps with Costanza Montagna: Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Computational Biology Laboratory, Copenhagen, Denmark; Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Computational Biology Laboratory, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Panchanan Maiti
- Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Inserm U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Majello
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Biology, Naples, Italy
| | - Michael B. Major
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elena Makareeva
- National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fayaz Malik
- CSIR - Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Karthik Mallilankaraman
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Mitochondrial Physiology and Metabolism Lab, Singapore; National University of Singapore, NUHS Centre for Healthy Ageing, Singapore
| | - Walter Malorni
- Center for Global Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alina Maloyan
- Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Najiba Mammadova
- Iowa State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Gene Chi Wai Man
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, New Territories, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Federico Manai
- University of Pavia, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Pavia, Italy
| | - Joseph D. Mancias
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Division of Genomic Stability and DNA Repair, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva-Maria Mandelkow
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; CAESAR Research Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael A. Mandell
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Autophagy, Inflamamtion and Metabolism (AIM) Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Angelo A. Manfredi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University & IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Milano, Italy
| | - Masoud H. Manjili
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ravi Manjithaya
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, India
| | - Patricio Manque
- Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Raquel Manzano
- University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Veterinary-IIS Aragón, IA2-CITA, CIBERNED, Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry (LAGENBIO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Claudia Manzoni
- University College London, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kai Mao
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Maria Marconi
- Presidio San Paolo Polo Universitario, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute San Paolo, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Marcucci
- University of Milan, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Mardente
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Olga A. Mareninova
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marta Margeta
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Pathology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Muriel Mari
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Marinelli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biochimica e Biologia Cellulare, Monterotondo scalo (RM), Italy
| | | | - Guillermo Mariño
- University of Oviedo, Principality of Asturias Institute for Biomedical Research, Department of Functional Biology, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sofia Mariotto
- University of Verona, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Biological Chemistry Section, Verona, Italy
| | - Richard S. Marshall
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark R. Marten
- UMBC, Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sascha Martens
- University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandre P.J. Martin
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katie R. Martin
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Sara Martin
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy; University of Milano, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Shaun Martin
- KU Leuven, Department of cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of cellular transport systems, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrián Martín-Segura
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Miguel A. Martín-Acebes
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Department of Biotechnology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Martin-Burriel
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón-IISA, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Paloma Martin-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Martina
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wim Martinet
- University of Antwerp, Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aitor Martinez
- University of Cambridge, MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Moises Martinez Velazquez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, AC, Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | | | | | - Daniel O. Martins
- University of São Paulo, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Laboratory of Functional Neuroanatomy of Pain, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joilson O. Martins
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Waleska K. Martins
- Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo, Programa de Pós-graduação Stricto sensu e Pesquisa, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tania Martins-Marques
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Shashank Masaldan
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Celine Masclaux-Daubresse
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Douglas G. Mashek
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics and Department of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Valentina Massa
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Milano, Italy
| | - Lourdes Massieu
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, División de Neurociencias, Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | | | - Laura Masuelli
- University of Rome “Sapienza”, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Anatoliy I. Masyuk
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tetyana V. Masyuk
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paola Matarrese
- Center for gender-specific medicine, Italian National Health Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ander Matheu
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, group of Cellular Oncology; IKERBASQUE; CIBERfes, Spain
| | - Satoaki Matoba
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sachiko Matsuzaki
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Chirurgie Gynécologique, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut Pascal, UMR6602, CNRS/UCA/SIGMA, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pamela Mattar
- University of Chile, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Alessandro Matte
- University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata-Verona, Department of Medicine, Verona; Italy
| | - Domenico Mattoscio
- University of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Science, Chieti, Italy
| | - José L. Mauriz
- University of León, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), León, Spain
| | - Mario Mauthe
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Mauvezin
- Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- University of California, Davis, Department of Dermatology, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Paola Maycotte
- CONACYT - Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Johanna Mayer
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Cristina Mazzoni
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, Rome, Italy
| | - Joseph R. Mazzulli
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nami McCarty
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Disease, Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christine McDonald
- Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mitchell R. McGill
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Sharon L. McKenna
- University College Cork, Department of Cancer Research, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Fionn McLoughlin
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Thomas G. McWilliams
- Translational Stem Cell Biology Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou
- PSL Research University, Equipe labelisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, Inserm, U830, Stress and Cancer laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Tania Catarina Medeiros
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Diego L. Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Lynn A. Megeney
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Klara Megyeri
- University of Szeged, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Maryam Mehrpour
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jawahar L. Mehta
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Alfred J. Meijer
- University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie H. Meijer
- Leiden University, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands; The City University of New York, Queens College, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Department of Biology, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Jakob Mejlvang
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Research Group, Tromso, Norway
| | | | - Annette Melk
- Childrens' Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gonen Memisoglu
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexandrina F. Mendes
- University of Coimbra, Portugal, CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology & Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Delong Meng
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Molecular Biology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Fei Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Tian Meng
- Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rubem Menna-Barreto
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manoj B. Menon
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Carol Mercer
- University of Cincinnati, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anne E. Mercier
- University of Pretoria, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Adalberto Merighi
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Seth D. Merkley
- University of New Mexico, Clinical and Translational Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Volker Meske
- Carité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Institut für Integrative Neuroanatomie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Cecilia Mestre
- Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Women's Hospital, Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shree Padma Metur
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christian Meyer
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Hemmo Meyer
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Essen, Germany
| | - Wenyi Mi
- Tianjin Medical University, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jeanne Mialet-Perez
- INSERM Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Junying Miao
- Shandong University, School of Life Science, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lucia Micale
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Poliambulatorio Giovanni Paolo II, Division of Medical Genetics, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Yasuo Miki
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Institute of Brain Science, Department of Neuropathology, Hirosaki, Japan; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, London, UK
| | - Enrico Milan
- Ospedale San Raffaele and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Milano, Italy
| | - Małgorzata Milczarek
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Drug Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Dana L. Miller
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samuel I. Miller
- University of Washington, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Steven W. Millward
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ira Milosevic
- European Neuroscience Institute (ENI) - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Elena A. Minina
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Uppsala, Sweden; Heidelberg University, Center for Organismal Studies, Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Disease, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Immunology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Macquarie University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amit Mishra
- Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nandita Mishra
- Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, School of Biotechnology, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Paras Kumar Mishra
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maja Misirkic Marjanovic
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Roberta Misasi
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Amit Misra
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Gabriella Misso
- University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Department of Precision Medicine, Naples, Italy; Institute of Genetic Research, Biogem scarl, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
- University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Department of Precision Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Claire Mitchell
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Tetsuji Miura
- Sapporo Medical University, Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pharmacology, La Jolla, CA, US
| | - Makoto Miyazaki
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mitsunori Miyazaki
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Taiga Miyazaki
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miyazawa
- Tokyo Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- The University of Tokyo, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Baharia Mograbi
- Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OncoAge, Nice, France
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Pharmaceutics Research Center, Kerman, Iran
| | - Yasir Mohamud
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation/Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Abhishek Mohanty
- MVR Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Molecular Oncology, Cancer Genomics/Proteomics, Kerala, India
| | - Sipra Mohapatra
- Ehime University, Department of Aquatic Life Sciences, Ainan, Ehime, Japan
| | - Torsten Möhlmann
- University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Biology, Plant Physiology, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Asif Mohmmed
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anna Moles
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish Research Council (IIBB-CSIC); IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kelle H. Moley
- Washington University in St. Louis, Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maurizio Molinari
- Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland; School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Department of Health Sciences, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andreas Buch Møller
- Aarhus University Hospital, Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark; Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Research Laboratory for Biochemical Pathology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bertrand Mollereau
- Université de Lyon, ENSL, UCBL, CNRS, LBMC, UMS 3444 Biosciences Lyon Gerland, Lyon, France
| | - Faustino Mollinedo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Laboratory of Cell Death and Cancer Therapy, Madrid, Spain
| | - Costanza Montagna
- Bispebjerg Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Copenhagen,Denmark; UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Mervyn J. Monteiro
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrea Montella
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sassari, Italy
| | - L. Ruth Montes
- University of the Basque Country, Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leioa, Spain
| | - Barbara Montico
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Aviano, Italy
| | - Vinod K. Mony
- University of Virginia, Department of Biology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Giacomo Monzio Compagnoni
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael N. Moore
- University of Exeter Medical School, European Centre for Environment & Human Health (ECEHH), Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, UK; Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Plymouth, UK; University of Plymouth, School of Biological & Marine Sciences, Plymouth, UK
| | - Mohammad A. Moosavi
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Molecular Medicine Department, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ana L. Mora
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Aging Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marina Mora
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Milano, Italy
| | - David Morales-Alamo
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Performance, Oslo, Norway
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Department of Physical Education and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Paula I. Moreira
- University of Coimbra, Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal and CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elena Morelli
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra Moreno
- University Roma Tre, Department of Science, LIME, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopment, Neurogenetics and Molecular Neurobiology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Moreno-Blas
- National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Department of Neurodevelopment and Physiology, Institute of Cellular Physiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Viviana Moresi
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine & Orthopedics, Histology & Medical Embryology Section, Rome, Italy
| | - Benjamin Morga
- Ifremer, SG2M-LGPMM, Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins, La Tremblade, France
| | - Alwena H. Morgan
- Swansea University Medical School, Molecular Neurobiology group, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrice Morin
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, DC2N, Rouen, France; Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen, France
| | - Hideaki Morishita
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Orson L. Moritz
- University of British Columbia, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mariko Moriyama
- Kindai University, Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Moriyasu
- Saitama University, Department of Regulatory Biology, Saitama, Japan
| | - Manuela Morleo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Jose F. Moruno-Manchon
- The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Department of Neurology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jorge Moscat
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Rockefeller University Campus, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Serge Mostowy
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Department of Infection Biology, London, UK
| | - Elisa Motori
- Max Planck Institute for the Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Felinto Moura
- Federal University of Ceara, Drug Research and Development Center, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Texas Tech University, Department of Nutritional Sciences & Obesity Research Institute, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Maria Mrakovcic
- University of Münster, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Münster, Germany
| | - Gabriel Muciño-Hernández
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Instituto de Fisiologia Celular, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Anupam Mukherjee
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National AIDS Research Institute, Division of Molecular Virology, Pune, MH, India
| | - Subhadip Mukhopadhyay
- New York University Medical School, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean M. Mulcahy Levy
- University of Colorado Denver, Children's Hospital Colorado, Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Sylviane Muller
- CNRS Biotechnology and cell signaling, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Strasbourg University/Laboratory of excellence Medalis; University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian Münch
- Goethe University, Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Barkatullah University, Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, Bhopal, India
| | - Pura Munoz-Canoves
- ICREA, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Ciberned, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Muñoz-Galdeano
- National Hospital for Paraplagics (Sescam) Research Unit, Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Toledo, Spain
| | - Christian Münz
- University of Zürich, Institute of Experimental Immunology, Viral Immunobiology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tomokazu Murakawa
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Claudia Muratori
- Old Dominion University, Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Brona M. Murphy
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - J. Patrick Murphy
- University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Aditya Murthy
- Genentech, Inc. Department of Cancer Immunology, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Timo T. Myöhänen
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy/Drug Research Program, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Indira U. Mysorekar
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Pathology and Immunology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer Mytych
- University of Rzeszow, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Iran
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- University of Camerino, School of Pharmacy, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Péter Nagy
- Cornell University, Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jihoon Nah
- Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Aimable Nahimana
- University Hospital of Lausanne, Central Laboratory of Hematology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Nakamura
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease and University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hitoshi Nakatogawa
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shyam S. Nandi
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Meera Nanjundan
- University of South Florida, Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Monica Nanni
- “Sapienza” University of Rome, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Napolitano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Nardacci
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Masashi Narita
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Melissa Nassif
- Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ilana Nathan
- Soroka University Medical Center, Institute of Hematology and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Manabu Natsumeda
- Niigata University, Brain Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryno J. Naude
- Nelson Mandela University, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Christin Naumann
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Olaia Naveiras
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institute of Bioengineering (IBI) and Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Departments of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Hematology Service, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fatemeh Navid
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Pediatric Translational Research Branch, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Taras Y. Nazarko
- Georgia State University, Department of Biology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Francesca Nazio
- IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Rome, Italy
| | - Florentina Negoita
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund, Sweden
- University of Copenhagen, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Neill
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amanda L. Neisch
- University of Minnesota, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Luca M. Neri
- University of Ferrara, Department of Translational Medicine, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Neubert
- University Hospital of Regensburg, Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, Regensburg , Germany
| | - Thomas P. Neufeld
- University of Minnesota, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dietbert Neumann
- Maastricht University Medical Center, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Pathology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Neutzner
- University Hospital Basel, Department of Biomedicine, Ocular Pharmacology and Physiology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Phillip T. Newton
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden; Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | | | | | - Charlene C.W. Ng
- King's College London GKT School of Medical Education, London, UK
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hang T. T. Nguyen
- University of Clermont Auvergne, M2iSH (Microbes, Intestine, Inflammation and Susceptibility of the Host), UMR 1071 Inserm, INRA USC 2018, CRNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Long T. Nguyen
- The University of Sydney, Kolling Institute, Renal Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hong-Min Ni
- University of Kansas Medical Center. Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Thereapeutics, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Clíona Ní Cheallaigh
- Trinity College Dublin, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zhenhong Ni
- Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Daping Hospital, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for the Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Chongqing, China
| | - M. Celeste Nicolao
- University of Mar del Plata, Department of Biology and Chemestry, Mar del Plata, BA, Argentina
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- University of Ferrara, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Manuel Nieto-Diaz
- National Hospital for Paraplegics (SESCAM), Research Unit, Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Toledo, Spain
| | - Per Nilsson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shunbin Ning
- East Tennessee State University, Quillen College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Rituraj Niranjan
- ICMR-Vector Control Research Center, Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Puducherry, India
| | - Hiroshi Nishimune
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mireia Niso-Santano
- University of Extremadura, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ralph A. Nixon
- New York University School of Medicine, Departments of Psychiatry and Cell Biology, and the Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Annalisa Nobili
- University Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Clevio Nobrega
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal; ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, Faro, Portugal; Centre for Biomedical Research, Faro, Portugal
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Uxía Nogueira-Recalde
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Trevor M. Nolan
- Duke University, Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ivan Nombela
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Elche, Spain
| | - Ivana Novak
- University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas CSIC, Department of Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Immunology and Genomics, Vigo, Spain
| | - Takashi Nozawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nukina
- Doshisha University Graduate School of Brain Science, Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Carmen Nussbaum-Krammer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jesper Nylandsted
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit for Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Copenhagen, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | | | - Seónadh M. O’Leary
- Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Mary P. O’Sullivan
- Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Timothy E. O’Sullivan
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Ina Oehme
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michinaga Ogawa
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Bacteriology I, Toyama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eric Ogier-Denis
- Université de Paris, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, Team Gut Inflammation, Inserm, U1149, CNRS, ERL8252, Paris, France
| | | | - Besim Ogretmen
- Hollings Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Ewha Womans University, Department of Life Science, Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Oh
- Chosun University, School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | - Takashi Ohama
- Yamaguchi University, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yohei Ohashi
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Masaki Ohmuraya
- Hyogo College of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Rani Ojha
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, CA, USA
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Osaka University, Laboratory of Mitochondrial Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masahide Oku
- Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Faculty of Bioenvironmental Science, Kameoka, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sara Oliván
- University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Veterinary-IIS Aragón, IA2-CITA, CIBERNED, Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry (LAGENBIO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - James A. Olzmann
- University of California, Berkeley, Departments of Molecular and Cell Biology and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Berkeley, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shakib Omari
- National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M. Bishr Omary
- Rutgers University, Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Gizem Önal
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Martin Ondrej
- University of Defense, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Radiobiology, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Sang-Bing Ong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Medicine (CCGM), Shatin, Hong Kong, China; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence (HK HOPE), Hong Kong Children’s Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Xiamen University, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Institute for Translational Medicine, Xiamen, China; Chinese
| | - Sang-Ging Ong
- The University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anna Onnis
- University of Siena, Department of Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Juan A. Orellana
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Escuela de Medicina and Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Neurología, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sara Orellana-Muñoz
- The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Montebello, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Department of Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Montebello, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Del Mar Ortega-Villaizan
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Elche, Spain
| | - Xilma R. Ortiz-Gonzalez
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and Division of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Neurology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elena Ortona
- Center for gender-specific medicine, Italian National Health Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Heinz D. Osiewacz
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | | | - Rosario Osta
- University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Veterinary-IIS Aragón, IA2-CITA, CIBERNED, Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry (LAGENBIO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marisa S. Otegui
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging and Department of Botany, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kinya Otsu
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Christiane Ott
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Luisa Ottobrini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Jing-hsiung James Ou
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tiago F. Outeiro
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Göttingen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany; Newcastle University, The Medical School, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Inger Oynebraten
- Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Department of Pathology, Tumor Immunology Lab, Oslo, Norway
| | - Melek Ozturk
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gilles Pagès
- University Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Nice, France
| | - Susanta Pahari
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Marta Pajares
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rituraj Pal
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Simona Paladino
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicolas Pallet
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Michela Palmieri
- Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Division of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Camilla Palumbo
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pampaloni
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lifeng Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Affiliated Hospital of GuangDong Medical University, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenliang Pan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xin Pan
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Ganna Panasyuk
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Rahul Pandey
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Applied Genomics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Udai B. Pandey
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vrajesh Pandya
- University of Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Francesco Paneni
- University of Zürich, Schlieren Campus, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Shirley Y. Pang
- University of Hong Kong, Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elisa Panzarini
- University of Salento, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Lecce, Italy
| | - Daniela L. Papademetrio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Inmunología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elena Papaleo
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Computational Biology Laboratory, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Papinski
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Diana Papp
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Department of Gut, Microbes and Health, Norwich, UK
| | - Eun Chan Park
- Waksman Institute, Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Hwan Tae Park
- Dong-A University Medical School, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji-Man Park
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jong-In Park
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Biochemistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Joon Tae Park
- Incheon National University, Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon, Korea
| | - Junsoo Park
- Yonsei University, Division of Biological Science and Technology, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Chonnam National University, The Future Life & Society Research Center, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sang-Youel Park
- Chonbuk National University, Department of VeterinaryMedicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Abraham H. Parola
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Chemistry, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Jan B. Parys
- KU Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrien Pasquier
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - João F. Passos
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nunzia Pastore
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Hemal H. Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare Systems and University of California, San Diego, Department of Anesthesiology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Patschan
- Internal Medicine 1, Brandenburg Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus Senftenberg, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Pattingre
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Tumor Microenvironment and Resistance to Treatment Laboratory, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gustavo Pedraza-Alva
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biotecnología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Jose Pedraza-Chaverri
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biology, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Zully Pedrozo
- Universidad de Chile, School of Medicine, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Gang Pei
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insitute of Immunology, Greifswald - Insel Riem, Germany
| | - Jianming Pei
- The Fourth Military Medical University, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hadas Peled-Zehavi
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Joaquín M. Pellegrini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joffrey Pelletier
- Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Peñalva
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas CSIC, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Di Peng
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Department of Neurology, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, China
| | - Fabio Penna
- University of Turin, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Pennuto
- University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Fondazione G. Pascale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS, Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Naples, Italy
| | - Cláudia MF Pereira
- University of Coimbra, CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology & Faculty of Medicine & CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gustavo J.S. Pereira
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista School of Medicine, Departament of Pharmacology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilian C. Pereira
- São Paulo State University, College of Agronomy Sciences, Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Pereira de Almeida
- University of Coimbra, Portugal, CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology & Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nirma D. Perera
- University of Melbourne, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ángel Pérez-Lara
- University of Granada, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Physical Chemistry, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana B. Perez-Oliva
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Palsamy Periyasamy
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Andras Perl
- State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Cristiana Perrotta
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, Milan, Italy
| | - Ida Perrotta
- University of Calabria, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis (CM2), Rende (CS), Calabria, Italy
| | - Richard G. Pestell
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA; Xavier University School of Medicine, Woodbury, NY, USA
| | - Morten Petersen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Irina Petrache
- National Jewish Health and the University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Goran Petrovski
- University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital and Institute for Clinical Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Center for Eye Research, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Astrid S. Pfister
- Ulm University, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jennifer A. Philips
- Washington University, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Molecular Microbiology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Huifeng Pi
- Third Military Medical University, Department of Occupational Health, Chongqing, China
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alicia M. Pickrell
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, School of Neuroscience, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Sandy Picot
- Ifremer, SG2M-LGPMM, Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins, La Tremblade, France
| | - Giovanna M. Pierantoni
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Pierdominici
- Center for gender-specific medicine, Italian National Health Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Philippe Pierre
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (iBiMED) and Ilidio Pinho Foundation, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Valérie Pierrefite-Carle
- Université Côte d'Azur, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CEA/DRF/Institut Frédéric Joliot, Faculté de Médecine, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs, Nice, France
| | | | - Federico Pietrocola
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Claudio Pignata
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Felipe X. Pimentel-Muiños
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca), Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, Salamanca. Spain
| | - Mario Pinar
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas CSIC, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberta O. Pinheiro
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Leprosy Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski
- Tel Aviv University, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paolo Pinton
- University of Ferrara, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Karolina Pircs
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sujan Piya
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Leukemia, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paola Pizzo
- University of Padua, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padua, Italy; Italian National Research Council (CNR), Neuroscience Institute, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Harald W. Platta
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Medizinische Fakultät, Biochemie Intrazellulärer Transportprozesse, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ainhoa Plaza-Zabala
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Markus Plomann
- University of Cologne, Center for Biochemistry, Cologne, Germany
| | - Egor Y. Plotnikov
- Moscow State University, A.N.Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Laboratory of Structure and function of mitochondria, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ryszard Pluta
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Laboratory of Ischemic and Neurodegenerative Brain Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roger Pocock
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Monash University, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefanie Pöggeler
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Pohl
- Buchmann Institute & Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marc Poirot
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR 1037 Inserm-university of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro di Eccellenza per lo studio delle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Milano, Italy
| | - Marisa Ponpuak
- Mahidol University, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hana Popelka
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Blagovesta Popova
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Helena Porta
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Institute of Biotechnology, Plant Molecular Biology Department, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Soledad Porte Alcon
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Portilla-Fernandez
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology; Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Post
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, Canada
| | - Malia B. Potts
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joanna Poulton
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, Oxford, UK
| | - Ted Powers
- University of California, Davis, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Veena Prahlad
- University of Iowa, Department of Biology, Aging Mind and Brain Initiative, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tomasz K. Prajsnar
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Domenico Praticò
- Temple University, Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rosaria Prencipe
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Muriel Priault
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tassula Proikas-Cezanne
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vasilis J. Promponas
- University of Cyprus, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christopher G. Proud
- Lifelong Health, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Medicine and Neuroscience, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Thomas Pulinilkunnil
- Dalhousie University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | | | - Rajat Puri
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julien Puyal
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- CURML, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiaopeng Qi
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongmei Qi
- Lanzhou University, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Malignant Lymphoma Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Qiang
- China Pharmaceutical University, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Sanofi, Biologics Research, 49 New York Ave, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Joe Quadrilatero
- University of Waterloo, Department of Kinesiology, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jorge Quarleri
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Retrovirus y Sida, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Nina Raben
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Rabinowich
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Debora Ragona
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Nader Rahimi
- Boston University, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marveh Rahmati
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Valeria Raia
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Nuno Raimundo
- Penn State University College of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Namakkal-Soorappan Rajasekaran
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sriganesh Ramachandra Rao
- State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Departments of Ophthalmology/Biochemistry and Neuroscience Program, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Abdelhaq Rami
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Institute of Anatomy III- 'Cellular and Molecular Anatomy', Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - David B. Ramsden
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Birmingham, UK
| | - Felix Randow
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Danilo Ranieri
- University of Rome “Sapienza”, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Hai Rao
- School of Medicine, the Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lang Rao
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rekha Rao
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sumit Rathore
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - J. Arjuna Ratnayaka
- University of Southampton, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UK
| | - Edward A. Ratovitski
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Gloria Ravegnini
- University of Bologna, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Swapan K. Ray
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Babak Razani
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division,l and John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vito Rebecca
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Régnier-Vigouroux
- Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas S. Reichert
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Medical faculty, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David Reigada
- National Hospital for Paraplagics (Sescam) Research Unit, Molecular Neuroprotection Group, Toledo, Spain
| | - Jan H. Reiling
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Translational Research in Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Siegfried Reipert
- University of Vienna, Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research (CIUS), Vienna, Austria
| | - Rokeya Sultana Rekha
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Wright State University, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dayton, OH. USA
| | - Jun Ren
- University of Wyoming, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Weichao Ren
- Qingdao Agricultural University, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | | | - Giorgia Renga
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia, Italy
| | - Karen Reue
- University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kim Rewitz
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - S. Amer Riazuddin
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Teresa M. Ribeiro-Rodrigues
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Romeo Ricci
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
| | - Victoria Riccio
- Hospital for Sick Children, Program in Cell Biology Department, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto, Department of Biochemistry, Toronto, Canada
| | - Des R. Richardson
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yasuko Rikihisa
- The Ohio State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Makarand V. Risbud
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruth M. Risueño
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Konstantinos Ritis
- Democritus University of Thrace, First Department of Internal Medicine & Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Salvatore Rizza
- Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- University of Padua, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padua, Italy
| | - Helen C. Roberts
- Middlesex University, Department of Natural Sciences, London, UK
| | - Luke D. Roberts
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Katherine J. Robinson
- Macquarie University, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Carmela Roccheri
- University of Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Palermo, Italy
| | - Stephane Rocchi
- INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France; Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, UFR de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - George G. Rodney
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Amaia Rodriguez
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Metabolic Research Laboratory, CIBEROBN, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruth Rodriguez-Barrueco
- University of Barcelona, School of Medicine, Unit of Anatomy, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Barcelona, Spain; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge -IDIBELL, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (oncobell), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nieves Rodriguez-Henche
- University of Alcalá, Deparment of Systems Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Humberto Rodriguez-Rocha
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, School of Medicine, Department of Histology, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Jeroen Roelofs
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Robert S. Rogers
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Department of Basic Science, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Vladimir V. Rogov
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ana I. Rojo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vanina Romanello
- University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padova, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia Italy
| | - Alessandra Romano
- Università degli Studi di Catania, Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, Catania, Italy
| | - Patricia S. Romano
- CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - David Romeo-Guitart
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), Team 8, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Luis C. Romero
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis (CSIC-IBVF), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Montserrat Romero
- Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquimica i Biomedicina Molecular, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph C. Roney
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Rongo
- Waksman Institute, Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Sante Roperto
- Naples University, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel, SH, Germany
| | | | - Kevin A. Roth
- Columbia University, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lynn Roth
- University of Antwerp, Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven Roth
- University of Illinois, Department of Anesthesiology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kasper M.A. Rouschop
- Maastricht University Medical Center, GROW School for Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy, Maastricht|, The Netherlands
| | - Benoit D. Roussel
- Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Caen, FRANCE
| | - Sophie Roux
- University of Sherbrooke, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University & IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Milano, Italy
| | - Ajit Roy
- Section on Eukaryotic DNA Replication, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,USA
| | - Aurore Rozieres
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), University Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Diego Ruano
- University of Seville. School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla. Sevilla, Spain
| | - David C. Rubinsztein
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, UK Dementia Research Institute and Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria P. Rubtsova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Klaus Ruckdeschel
- University Medical Center Eppendorf, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Emil Rudolf
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rüdiger Rudolf
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alessandra Ruggieri
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Neuromuscular Disease and Immunology Unit, Milan, Italy; University of Brescia, Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translation Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Avnika Ashok Ruparelia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro di Eccellenza per lo studio delle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Milano, Italy
| | - Ryan R. Russell
- University of Ottawa, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, Avellino, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica “Anton Dohrn”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, Avellino, Italy
| | - Rossella Russo
- University of Calabria, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Oxana O. Ryabaya
- N.N. Blokhin National medical research center of oncology, Department of biomarkers and mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Kwon-Yul Ryu
- University of Seoul, Department of Life Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Maria Sabater-Arcis
- Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain; Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ulka Sachdev
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Sacher
- Concordia University, Department of Biology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carsten Sachse
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C-3/StructuralBiology), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Abhishek Sadhu
- Saitama University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama, Japan
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Nathaniel Safren
- University of Michigan, Department of Neurology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Paul Saftig
- Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Biochemical Institute, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Gaurav Sahay
- Oregon State University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- University of South Carolina, Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Sumit Sahni
- University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nayuta Saito
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Cellular Plasticity and Disease Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Tsunenori Saito
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ryohei Sakai
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Sakai
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Sakamaki
- The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kalle Saksela
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Department of Virology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gloria Salazar
- Florida State University, Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Anna Salazar-Degracia
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Research Group in Critical Disorders (GREPAC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ghasem H. Salekdeh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Department of Systems Biology, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ashok K. Saluja
- University of Miami, Department of Surgery and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Belém Sampaio-Marques
- University of Minho, School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Maria Cecilia Sanchez
- National University of Córdoba, Clinical Biochemistry Department, CIBICI-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jose A. Sanchez-Alcazar
- CABD/CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Victoria Sanchez-Vera
- University of Malaga, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Malaga, Spain
| | - Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu
- Imperial College London, Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease & Virology, London, UK
| | | | - Marco Sandri
- University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Santaguida
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy; University of Milano, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Weill-Cornell, Englander Institute of Precision Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Magda M. Santana
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, IIIUC - Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Giorgio Santoni
- University of Camerino, School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, Camerino, Italy
| | - Alberto Sanz
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Pascual Sanz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Shweta Saran
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, School of Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Marco Sardiello
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy J. Sargeant
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Apurva Sarin
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Chinmoy Sarkar
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sovan Sarkar
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Maria-Rosa Sarrias
- Health Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Innate Immunity Group, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Surajit Sarkar
- University of Delhi South Campus, Department of Genetics, New Delhi, India
| | - Dipanka Tanu Sarmah
- NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Complex Analysis Group, Faridabad, India
| | | | | | - Ranganayaki Sathyanarayanan
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Department of Neurochemistry, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - K. Matthew Scaglione
- Duke University, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Liliana Schaefer
- Goethe University, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Zachary T. Schafer
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Biological Sciences, Notre Dame, IN ,USA
| | - Ulrich E. Schaible
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Priority Area Infections, Division Cellular Microbiology, Borstel, Germany
| | - Anthony H.V. Schapira
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, London, UK
| | - Michael Scharl
- University Hospital and University of Zürich, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hermann M. Schatzl
- University of Calgary, Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine H. Schein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Human Infection and Immunity (IHII), University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Wiep Scheper
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers location VUmc, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Scheuring
- University of Kaiserslautern, Phytopathology, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Monica Schiappacassi
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, CRO-IRCCS, Molecular Oncology Unit, Aviano, Italy
| | - Rainer Schindl
- Medical University of Graz, Gottfried Schatz research center, Graz, Austria
| | - Uwe Schlattner
- University Grenoble Alpes and Inserm U1055, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France
| | - Oliver Schmidt
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Institute for Cell Biology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Roland Schmitt
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephen D. Schmidt
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ingo Schmitz
- Ruhr-University Bochum, Department of Molecular Immunology, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eran Schmukler
- Tel Aviv University, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, DZNE, Bonn, Germany and Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bianca E. Schneider
- Reseach Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Priority Research Area Infections, Junior Research Group Coinfection, Borstel, Germany
| | - Romana Schober
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Biophysics, Linz, Austria
| | - Alejandra C. Schoijet
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular Dr. Héctor N. Torres, Laboratorio de Señalización y Mecanismos Adaptativos en Tripanosomátidos, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular Dr. Héctor N. Torres, Laboratorio de señalización y mecanismos adaptativos en Tripanosomátidos, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micah B. Schott
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael Schramm
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd Schröder
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Schuh
- University of Wuerzburg, Department of Vegetative Physiology, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schüller
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ryan J. Schulze
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lea Schürmanns
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jens C. Schwamborn
- University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Melanie Schwarten
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Biological Information Processing, IBI-7 (Structural Biochemistry), Jülich, Germany
| | - Filippo Scialo
- University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Melanie J. Scott
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kathleen W. Scotto
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Pharmacology, New Brunswick , NJ, USA
| | - A. Ivana Scovassi
- National Research Council, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Scrima
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Aurora Scrivo
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Institute for Aging Studies, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David Sebastian
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Salwa Sebti
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Simon Sedej
- Medical University of Graz, Division of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Segatori
- Rice University, Department of Bioengineering, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nava Segev
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Per O. Seglen
- University of Oslo, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Oslo, Norway
| | - Iban Seiliez
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, UMR1419 Nutrition Métabolisme et Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Scott B. Selleck
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Frank W. Sellke
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Michael Sendtner
- University of Würzburg, Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Serif Senturk
- Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elena Seranova
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Consolato Sergi
- University of Alberta, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ruth Serra-Moreno
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Microbiology and Immunology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carmine Settembre
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Subba Rao Gangi Setty
- Indian Institute of Science, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Bangalore, KA, India
| | - Gianluca Sgarbi
- University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ou Sha
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, School of Dentistry, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - John J. Shacka
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Javeed A. Shah
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dantong Shang
- Wuhan University, Hubei Key laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Shao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Soroush Sharbati
- Freie Universitaet Berlin, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa M. Sharkey
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Neurology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Kulbhushan Sharma
- Division of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Timar Pur, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Thomas Jefferson University, Center for Translational Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island-Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Pediatrics, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- University of Macau, Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau, China
| | - Hongtao Shen
- University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jiangang Shen
- The University of Hong Kong, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weili Shen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheni Shen
- Total Toxicology Labs, Southfield, MI, USA
| | - Rui Sheng
- Soochow University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi Sheng
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Zu-Hang Sheng
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jianjian Shi
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiaobing Shi
- Van Andel Institute, Center for Epigenetics, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Ying-Hong Shi
- Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute, Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Kahori Shiba-Fukushima
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuro-intractable Disease, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeng-Jer Shieh
- National Chung-Hsing University, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yohta Shimada
- Jikei University School of Medicine, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Division of Gene Therapy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeomi Shimizu
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Shimozawa
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Takahiro Shintani
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Sendai, Japan
| | - Christopher J. Shoemaker
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Shahla Shojaei
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Ikuo Shoji
- Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Infectious Disease Control, Kobe, Japan
| | - Bhupendra V. Shravage
- MACS - Agharkar Research Institute, Developmental Biology Group, Pune, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Viji Shridhar
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Department of Experimental Pathology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- National Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Shui
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education,Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Arvind K. Shukla
- National Institutes of Health, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Timothy E. Shutt
- University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Departments of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Valentina Sica
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Amanda Sierra
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Virginia Sierra-Torre
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Payel Sil
- National Institutes of Health, NIEHS, RTP, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bruno J. de Andrade Silva
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johnatas D. Silva
- Queen's University of Belfast, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Belfast, UK
| | - Eduardo Silva-Pavez
- Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, and Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Rachel E. Simmonds
- University of Surrey, School of Bioscience and Medicine, Department of Microbial Sciences, Stag Hill Campus, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- University of Bern, Institute of Pharmacology, Bern, Switzerland; Sechenov University, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Matias Simons
- INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Epithelial Biology and Disease, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Anurag Singh
- Boston University School of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lalit P. Singh
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Rajat Singh
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shivendra V. Singh
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shrawan K. Singh
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Department of Urology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sudha B. Singh
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, VA Healthcare System, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sunaina Singh
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, and Neuroscience Unit, Autophagy Laboratory, Jakkur, Bangalore, India
| | - Surinder Pal Singh
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Debasish Sinha
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Departments of Ophthalmology, Cell Biology, and Developmental Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rohit Anthony Sinha
- Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Lucknow, India
| | - Sangita Sinha
- North Dakota State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Agnieszka Sirko
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kapil Sirohi
- National Jewish Health, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy & Immunology, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Efthimios L. Sivridis
- Democritus University of Thrace, Medical School, Department of Pathology, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Skendros
- Democritus University of Thrace, First Department of Internal Medicine & Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Aleksandra Skirycz
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Iva Slaninová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Soraya S. Smaili
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista School of Medicine, Departament of Pharmacology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei Smertenko
- Washington State University, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Matthew D. Smith
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Eun Jung Sohn
- Dong-A University, College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Sophia P. M. Sok
- University of Malaya, Institute of Biological Sciences (Genetics), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Giancarlo Solaini
- University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Thierry Soldati
- University of Geneva, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Switzerland
| | | | - Rosa M. Soler
- Universitat de Lleida, Department of Experimental Medicine, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Alexei Solovchenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Avinash Sonawane
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Fuyong Song
- Shandong University, School of public health, Department of Toxicology and nutrition. Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Korea University, Department of Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-Xian Song
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou, China; Hong Kong Baptist University, School of Chinese Medicine, Mr. and Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kunhua Song
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Division of Cardiology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Zhiyin Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Leandro R. Soria
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sorice
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexander A. Soukas
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Endocrine Division, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandra-Fausia Soukup
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives (IMN), CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Diana Sousa
- Universidade do Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Cancer Drug Resistance Group, Porto, Portugal; FFUP - Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Department of Biological Sciences, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nadia Sousa
- Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Stephen A. Spector
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - M. M. Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru-560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Daret St. Clair
- University of Kentucky, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Venturina Stagni
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy; Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Rome, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Staiano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Clint A. Stalnecker
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Metodi V. Stankov
- Hannover Medical School, Department for Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter B. Stathopulos
- University of Western Ontario, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katja Stefan
- University of Oslo, Department of Neuro-/Pathology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sven Marcel Stefan
- Cancer Drug Resistance and Stem Cell Program, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Oslo, Department of Neuro-/Pathology, Oslo, Norway
- University of Bonn, Department of Pharmaceutical & Cellbiological Chemistry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Athens, Greece; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, First Department of Neurology, Athens, Greece
| | - Joan S. Steffan
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Oslo University Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jared Sterneckert
- Technische Universität Dresden, Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Craig Stevens
- Edinburgh Napier University, School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Veronika Stoka
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stephan Storch
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Children's Hospital, University Children's Research@Kinder-UKE, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Stork
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty, Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Anne Marie Strohecker
- The Ohio State University, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dwayne G. Stupack
- University of California San Diego, UCSD Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Huanxing Su
- University of Macau, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Ling-Yan Su
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Longxiang Su
- Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ana M. Suarez-Fontes
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, LITEB/IOC, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos S. Subauste
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School and Public Health Research Institute, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Paula V. Subirada
- National University of Córdoba, Clinical Biochemistry Department, CIBICI-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Carolyn M. Sue
- Kolling Institute, Department of Neurogenetics, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards NSW, Australia
| | - Xinbing Sui
- Hangzhou Normal University, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, College of Medicine, Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Institutes and Comprehensive Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Corey Summers
- Iowa State University, Department of Kinesiology, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Guangchao Sun
- University of Nebraska Lincoln, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Center for Plant Science Innovation, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kang Sun
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-xiang Sun
- Wuhan University, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiming Sun
- Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Physiology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Karen K.S. Sunahara
- Experimental Physiopathology, Department of Sciences/Experimental Physiopatholgy, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eva Sundberg
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, The Linnean Centre of Plant Biology in Uppsala, Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katalin Susztak
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter Sutovsky
- University of Missouri, Division of Animal Science and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women's Health, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Gary Sweeney
- York University, Department of Biology, Toronto, Canada
| | - J. David Symons
- University of Utah, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes; Investigator, Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Stephen Cho Wing Sze
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Baptist University, Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nathaniel J. Szewczyk
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Anna Tabęcka-Łonczynska
- University of Rzeszow, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Claudio Tabolacci
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, Milan, Italy
| | - Frank Tacke
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marco Tafani
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Mitsuo Tagaya
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Hachioji, Horinouchi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haoran Tai
- Chengdu Medical College, Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Development and Regeneration Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Yoshinori Takahashi
- Penn State University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Szabolcs Takats
- Oslo University Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Priti Talwar
- VIT University, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Chit Tam
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hong Kong, China; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shing Yau Tam
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hunghom, Hong Kong
| | - Davide Tampellini
- Inserm Unit 1195 - University of Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Atsushi Tamura
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chong Teik Tan
- National University of Singapore, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- National Neuroscience Institute, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Ya-Qin Tan
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST), Wuhan University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Masaki Tanaka
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motomasa Tanaka
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Laboratory for Protein Conformation Diseases, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Daolin Tang
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- Hubei University of Technology, National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Wuhan, China
| | - Tie-Shan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Isei Tanida
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zhipeng Tao
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Mohammed Taouis
- Université Paris Saclay, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro-PSI)-CNRS UMR 9197, Orsay France
| | - Lars Tatenhorst
- University Medicine Goettingen, Neurology, Department of Translational Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration (BIN), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Allen Taylor
- Tufts University, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory A. Taylor
- Duke University, Department of Medicine; Duke University, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; Duke University, Department of Immunology, Durham, NC, USA; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Health Care Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joan M. Taylor
- University of North Carolina, Department of Pathology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elena Tchetina
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrew R. Tee
- Cardiff University, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Heath Park Way, Cardiff, UK
| | - Irmgard Tegeder
- Goethe-University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Teis
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Institute for Cell Biology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natercia Teixeira
- University of Porto, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fatima Teixeira-Clerc
- INSERM U955, Team “Virus Hepatology Cancers”, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR S955, UPEC, Créteil, France
| | - Kumsal A. Tekirdag
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Age-Related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sandra Tenreiro
- iNOVA4Health Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexei V. Tepikin
- University of Liverpool, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Liverpool, UK
| | - Pilar S. Testillano
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gianluca Tettamanti
- University of Insubria, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Varese, Italy
| | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Université de Paris, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, Paris, France
| | - Kathrin Thedieck
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, Laboratory of Pediatrics, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department for Neuroscience, Oldenburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefano Thellung
- University of Genova, Department of Internal Medicine, Genova, Italy
| | - Josephine W. Thinwa
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - V.P. Thirumalaikumar
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sufi Mary Thomas
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Paul G. Thomes
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Andrew Thorburn
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lipi Thukral
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Thomas Thum
- Hannover Medical School, Institute for Molecular and Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Thumm
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Cellular Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ling Tian
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ales Tichy
- University of Defense, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Radiobiology, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Andreas Till
- University Hospital of Bonn, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- University of Antwerp, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Sokol V. Todi
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Krassimira Todorova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction Acad. Kiril Bratanov, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Janne M. Toivonen
- University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Veterinary-IIS Aragón, IA2-CITA, CIBERNED, Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry (LAGENBIO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luana Tomaipitinca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Rome, Italy
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Center for Translational Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cristina Tomas-Zapico
- University of Oviedo, Department of Functional Biology, Physiology, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Sergej Tomić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Chao Tong
- Zhejiang University, Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sharon A. Tooze
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, London, UK
| | - Maria L. Torgersen
- Oslo University Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Satoru Torii
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Alicia Torriglia
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Christina G. Towers
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Roberto Towns
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Vladimir Trajkovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Donatella Tramontano
- University Federico II of Naples, Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Quynh-Giao Tran
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cell Factory Research Center, Daejeon, Korea; University of Science and Technology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Leonardo H. Travassos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Immunobiology Program, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Charles B. Trelford
- Western University, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Gemma Triola
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Department of Biological Chemistry; Networking Biomedical Research Centre on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBER-EHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece
| | - Betty P. Tsao
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Mario P. Tschan
- University of Bern, Institute of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- University of Hong Kong, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tak Fu Tse
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hitoshi Tsugawa
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Andrey S. Tsvetkov
- The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Department of Neurology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David A. Tumbarello
- University of Southampton , Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Highfield, Southampton, UK
| | - Yasin Tumtas
- Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, London, UK
| | - María J. Tuñón
- University of León, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), León, Spain
| | - Sandra Turcotte
- Universite de Moncton, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Boris Turk
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vito Turk
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bradley J. Turner
- University of Melbourne, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard I. Tuxworth
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jessica K. Tyler
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elena V. Tyutereva
- Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Laboratory of Molecular and Ecological Physiology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yasuo Uchiyama
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aslihan Ugun-Klusek
- Nottingham Trent University, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham, UK
| | - Holm H. Uhlig
- University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Translational Gastroenterology Unit and Department of Paediatrics, Oxford, and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Marzena Ułamek-Kozioł
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, First Department of Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilya V. Ulasov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Midori Umekawa
- Mie University, Graduate School of Bioresources, Tsu, Japan
| | - Christian Ungermann
- University of Osnabrück, Department of Biology/Chemistry, and Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück (CellNanOs), Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Rei Unno
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sylvie Urbe
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Translational Research, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Liverpool, UK
- Molecular Physiology and Cell Signaling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Elisabet Uribe-Carretero
- University of Extremadura, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Suayib Üstün
- University of Tübingen, Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA; Institute for Biological Instrumentation of Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Thomas Vaccari
- University of Milan, Department of Biosciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria I. Vaccaro
- University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Pathophysiology Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Björn F. Vahsen
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Rut Valdor
- University of Murcia, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology B and Immunology; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Unit of Autophagy, Immunity and Cancer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria J. Valente
- University of Porto, Faculty of Pharmacy, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ayelén Valko
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Glicobiología Celular y Genética Aplicada de Levaduras, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Richard B. Vallee
- Columbia University, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angela M. Valverde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Greet Van den Berghe
- KU Leuven, Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn van der Veen
- Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luc Van Kaer
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jorg van Loosdregt
- Center of Translational Immunlogy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd J.L. van Wijk
- Goethe University, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wim Vandenberghe
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilse Vanhorebeek
- KU Leuven, Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Nicola Vannini
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence and Stem Cell Metabolism, Department of Oncology, Ludwig Cancer Institute, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - M. Cristina Vanrell
- CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Chiara Vantaggiato
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Gabriele Varano
- University of Ferrara, Department of Translational Medicine, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Isabel Varela-Nieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM) and CIBERER (CIBER, ISCiii), Madrid, Spain
| | - Máté Varga
- Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Department of Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M. Helena Vasconcelos
- Universidade do Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Cancer Drug Resistance Group, Porto, Portugal; FFUP - Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Department of Biological Sciences, Porto, Portugal
| | - Somya Vats
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, and Neuroscience Unit, Autophagy Laboratory, Jakkur, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- University of Oviedo, Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Guillermo Velasco
- Complutense University, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ariadna P. Velázquez
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tibor Vellai
- Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Department of Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edo Vellenga
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Hematology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Velotti
- Tuscia University, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Viterbo, Italy
| | - Mireille Verdier
- EA 3842, Limoges University, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges cedex, France
| | - Panayotis Verginis
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Isabelle Vergne
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Paul Verkade
- School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Manish Verma
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrik Verstreken
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vervliet
- KU Leuven, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jörg Vervoorts
- RWTH Aachen University, Medical School, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Victor M. Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO)-Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Michel Vidal
- University of Montpellier, UMR 5235, Montpellier, France
| | - Chiara Vidoni
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Novara, Italy
| | - Otilia V. Vieira
- Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Richard D. Vierstra
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sonia Viganó
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy; University of Milano, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Milan, Italy
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Helena Vihinen
- University of Helsinki, Institute of Biotechnology, Electron Microscopy Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vinoy Vijayan
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Miquel Vila
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)-Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marçal Vilar
- Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia, Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Villalba
- University of Cordoba, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Villalobo
- University Hospital La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics Area Oto-Neurosurgery Research Group, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francesc Villarroya
- University of Barcelona, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Network Center for Biomedical Research in Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Villarroya
- University of Barcelona, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Network Center for Biomedical Research in Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivier Vincent
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, C.S.I.C./U.A.M., Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecile Vindis
- University of Toulouse, Institute of Metabolic and cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM UMR 1048, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Viret
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), University Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Maria Teresa Viscomi
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department of Life Science and Public Health Section of Histology and Embryology, Rome, Italy
| | - Dora Visnjic
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ilio Vitale
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Candiolo (TO), Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - David J. Vocadlo
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Olga V. Voitsekhovskaja
- Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Laboratory of Molecular and Ecological Physiology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Cinzia Volonté
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science “A. Ruberti”, National Research Council (IASI–CNR), IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Volta
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Marta Vomero
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Clarissa Von Haefen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc A. Vooijs
- Maastricht University Medical Center, GROW School for Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy, Maastricht|, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Voos
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie (IBMB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ljubica Vucicevic
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- University of Oxford, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - Satoshi Waguri
- Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kenrick A. Waite
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Shuji Wakatsuki
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David W. Walker
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark J. Walker
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Jochen Walter
- University of Bonn, Department of Neurology, Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Bonn, Germany
| | - Francisco G. Wandosell
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM & CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bo Wang
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Chao-Yung Wang
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; National Health Research Institutes, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chen Wang
- China Pharmaceutical University, School of Life Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenran Wang
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chenwei Wang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- University of California Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangyang Wang
- University of Michigan, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univeristy, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengming Wang
- Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Guansong Wang
- Third Military Medical University of China, Xinqiao Hospital, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Soochow University, Center for Circadian Clocks; School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Zhongguancun, Beijing, China
| | - Hexiang Wang
- China Agricultural University, College of Biological Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- Penn State University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Soochow University, Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Hematology Institute, School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Artemisinin Research Center and the Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Jiou Wang
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jundong Wang
- Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Sichuan University, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianrong Wang
- Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Liming Wang
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Singapore
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Maggie Haitian Wang
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Meiqing Wang
- Fourth Military Medical University, College of Stomatology, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, Xi'an, China
| | - Nanbu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Wuhan, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- National University of Singapore, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Ping Wang
- Iowa State University, Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Qing Jun Wang
- University of Kentucky, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Department of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Kenneth Wang
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Qiong A. Wang
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Department of Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology; City of Hope Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University, School of Life Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuyang Wang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinnan Wang
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- University of South Dakota, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Tsinghua University, School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Yanzhuang Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yen-Yun Wang
- Kaohsiung Medical University, School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yihua Wang
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Biological Sciences, and the Institute for Life Sciences, Southampton, UK
| | - Yipeng Wang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Max-Planck-Institute for Metabolism Research, Hamburg Outstation, Hamburg, Germany; Shanghai Qiangrui Biotech Co., Ltd., Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Weigang NO. 1, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Saint Louis University, Department of Biology, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Air Force Medical University, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhouguang Wang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gary Warnes
- Queen Mary University, Blizard Institute, Flow Cytometry Core Facility, London, UK
| | - Verena Warnsmann
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eizo Watanabe
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of General Medical Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Maxinne Watchon
- Macquarie University, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Wawrzyńska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Timothy E. Weaver
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Research Foundation, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Grzegorz Wegrzyn
- University of Gdansk, Department of Molecular Biology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ann M. Wehman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Huafeng Wei
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Anesthesiology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lei Wei
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Taotao Wei
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Wei
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Oliver H. Weiergräber
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Biological Information Processing, IBI-7 (Structural Biochemistry), Jülich, Germany
| | - Conrad C. Weihl
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Günther Weindl
- University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Aachen, Germany
| | - Alan Wells
- Univ of Pittsburgh and Pittsburgh VA HealthSystem, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Runxia H. Wen
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xin Wen
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Antonia Werner
- Georg August University Göttingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Beatrice Weykopf
- Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Precision Neurology Program & APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sally P. Wheatley
- University of Nottingham, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Katarzyna Wiktorska
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Drug Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Manon E. Wildenberg
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Tytgat Institute for Intestinal Research, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Wileman
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Simon Wilkinson
- University of Edinburgh, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Scotland, UK
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Biological Information Processing, IBI-7 (Structural Biochemistry), Jülich, Germany
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Brett Williams
- Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Science and Engineering Faculty, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robin S.B. Williams
- Royal Holloway University of London, Centre for Biomedical Sciences, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Peter R. Williamson
- National Institutes of Health, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard A. Wilson
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Plant Pathology, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Beate Winner
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Stem Cell Biology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nathaniel J. Winsor
- University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven S. Witkin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, Box 35, New York, NY, United States
| | - Harald Wodrich
- MFP CNRS UMR 5234, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ute Woehlbier
- Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas Wollert
- Institut Pasteur, Membrane Biochemistry and Transport, Paris, France
| | - Esther Wong
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Singapore; National University Health System, Centre for Healthy Longevity, Singapore
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Richard W. Wong
- Kanazawa University, WPI-Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-nanoLSI), Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Macau University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - W. Wei-Lynn Wong
- University of Zurich, Institute of Experimental Immunology, Switzerland, Zurich
| | - An-Guo Wu
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, China
| | - Chengbiao Wu
- University of California San Diego, Department of Neurosciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jian Wu
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Junfang Wu
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), Departments of Anesthesiology, Anatomy & Neurobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth K. Wu
- NHRI, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Min Wu
- University of North Dakota, Biology School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Shan-Ying Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shengzhou Wu
- Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shu-Yan Wu
- Soochow University, Department of Pathogenic Biology, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shufang Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - William K.K. Wu
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- University of Kansas, Department of Molecular Biosciences, and University of Kansas Medical School, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Yao-Wen Wu
- Umeå University, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Department of Chemistry, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yihua Wu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Hangzhou,China
| | - Ramnik J. Xavier
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hongguang Xia
- Zhejiang University, Department of Biochemistry in School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lixin Xia
- Shenzhen University, College of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- The University of Hong Kong, Department of Anesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ge Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Xiang
- Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingliang Xiang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Molecular Neurology, Erlangen Germany
| | - Bin Xiao
- Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hengyi Xiao
- Sichuan University, West China Hospital, Centre of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-tao Xiao
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, School of Medicine, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Wenzhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shi Xiao
- Sun Yat-sen University, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Baoming Xie
- South China Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuan-Ming Xie
- Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Xie
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yuxiang Xie
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhiping Xie
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglin Xie
- Georgia State University, The Center for Molecular and Translation Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria Xilouri
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery, & Translational Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Congfeng Xu
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai, China
| | - En Xu
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoxing Xu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jing Xu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - JinRong Xu
- Purdue University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Liang Xu
- University of Kansas, Department of Molecular Biosciences, and University of Kansas Medical School, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Wen Wen Xu
- Jinan University, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiulong Xu
- Yangzhou University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sokhna M.S. Yakhine-Diop
- University of Extremadura, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Masamitsu Yamaguchi
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamaguchi
- Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Ai Yamamoto
- Columbia University, Department of Neurology, and Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shunhei Yamashina
- Juntendo University School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shengmin Yan
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shian-Jang Yan
- National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Zhen Yan
- University of Virginia, Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Molecular Physiology & Biological Physics, Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yasuo Yanagi
- Asahikawa Medical University, Department of Ophthalmology, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Chuanbin Yang
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Mr. and Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dun-Sheng Yang
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Center for Dementia Research, Orangeburg, NY; New York University Langone Health, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huan Yang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Huang-Tian Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment & Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Capital Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sceinces, Department of Neurobiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Ming Yang
- University of Kentucky, Department of Cancer Biology & Toxicology, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Yang
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Liu Yang
- The Fourth Military Medical University, Xijing Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Research Center, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pei-Ming Yang
- Taipei Medical University, College of Medical Science and Technology, Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Qian Yang
- The Fourth Military Medical University, Tangdu Hospital, Department of Experimental Surgery, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Seungwon Yang
- University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shu Yang
- National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division (NCSBD), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Chung Shan Medical University, Institute of Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wannian Yang
- Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Yuan Yang
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Jinan University, Medical College, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Hangzhou Normal University, School of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Honghong Yao
- University of Southeast, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing, JiangSu, China
| | - Shenggen Yao
- University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Trauma Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Takahiro Yasui
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Meysam Yazdankhah
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Departments of Ophthalmology, Cell Biology, and Developmental Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul M. Yen
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cong Yi
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yanhai Yin
- Iowa State University, Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Zhangyuan Yin
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ziyi Yin
- Shandong Agricultural University, College of Plant Protection, Shandong, China
| | - Meidan Ying
- Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Ying
- Soochow University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Calvin K. Yip
- The University of British Columbia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephanie Pei Tung Yiu
- The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Young H. Yoo
- Dong-A University College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Busan, Korea
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Boxuan Yu
- Hwa Chong Institution, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Temple University, Center for Metabolic Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jun Yu
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Yu
- Tsinghua University, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Seong-Woon Yu
- Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu, Korea
| | - Victor C. Yu
- National University of Singapore, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Singapore
| | - W. Haung Yu
- University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Third Military Medical University, Department of Occupational Health, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Air Force Medical University, Xijing Hospital, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xi'an, China
| | - Junying Yuan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203 Shanghai, China; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- Central South University, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shilin Yuan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shyng-Shiou F. Yuan
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbo Yue
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeanho Yun
- Graduate School of Dong-A University, College of Medicine, Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Busan, Korea
| | - Raymond L. Yung
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David N. Zacks
- University of Michigan, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gabriele Zaffagnini
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Barcelona, España
| | - Vanessa O. Zambelli
- Laboratory of Pain and Signaling, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Stanford University, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Isabella Zanella
- University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Qun S. Zang
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK; University of Glasgow, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Department of Precision Medicine, Naples, Italy; Institute of Genetic Research, Biogem scarl, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
- University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Department of Precision Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Pilar Zaragoza
- University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Veterinary-IIS Aragón, IA2-CITA, CIBERNED, Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry (LAGENBIO), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Konstantinos S. Zarbalis
- University of California, Davis, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- University Monastir, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Scott O. Zeitlin
- University of Virginia, Department of Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jialiu Zeng
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ju-deng Zeng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eva Žerovnik
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lixuan Zhan
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Daping Hospital, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Laboratory for the Prevention and Rehabilitation of Military Training Related Injuries, Chongqing, China
| | - Donna D. Zhang
- University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- University of Oxford, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford, UK
| | - Hong Zhang
- Peking University First Hospital, Renal Division, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Beijing, China
| | - Honghe Zhang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- University of Science & Technology of China, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huaye Zhang
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Thomas Jefferson University/Vickie & Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Hospital for Neuroscience, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hui-Ling Zhang
- Soochow University, Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Oncology, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Clinical Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jing-Pu Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Kalin Y.B. Zhang
- The University of Hong Kong, School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Leshuai W. Zhang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lisheng Zhang
- Huazhong Agricultural University, School of Veterinary Medicine/ Biomedical Center, Hongshan, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Henan University of Technology, College of Bioengineering, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Luoying Zhang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education,Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Menghuan Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), McGovern Medical School, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Programs in Human and Molecular Genetics and Neuroscience of the MD Anderson UTHealth GSBS, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Cancer Biology, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Xiangnan Zhang
- Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Molecular Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- College of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- University of Newcastle, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, NSW, Australia
| | - Yang Zhang
- University of Houston, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yanjin Zhang
- University of Maryland, Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ying-Dong Zhang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Lanzhou University, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Sichuan University, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- East China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengguang Zhang
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Plant Protection, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Zhihai Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Rutgers University, Department of Surgery, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Zili Zhang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haobin Zhao
- Central China Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- The Fourth Military Medical University, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- The Fourth Military Medical University, Tangdu Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing, China
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Zhao
- Shandong University, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Peking University Health Sciences Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- Zhejiang University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongliang Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Guoping Zheng
- University of Sydney, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Kai Zheng
- Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Wuhan University, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Xi-Long Zheng
- University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yi Zheng
- Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zu-Guo Zheng
- China Pharmaceutical University, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Karolinska Institutet Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Qing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Zhou
- Southwest Medical University, Department of Medical Cellular Biology, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ben Zhou
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cefan Zhou
- Hubei University of Technology, National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Third Military Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Zhejiang University, Department of Horticulture, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Guangxi Medical University, School of Preclinical Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanning,China
| | - Jiyong Zhou
- Zhejiang University, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongjia Zhou
- Wuhan University, Hubei Key laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu-Jie Zhou
- Peking University First Hospital, Renal Division, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yanshuang Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghong Zhou
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Texas A&M University, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zheng-Yu Zhou
- Soochow University, Laboratory Animal Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Binglin Zhu
- University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Zhengzhou University, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Zhengzhou, China; Gothenburg University, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Nanjing Medical University, Department of Physiology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haining Zhu
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Hongxin Zhu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- The Ohio State University, Department of Surgery, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yushan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haixia Zhuang
- Guangzhou Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhuang
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Katarzyna Zientara-Rytter
- University California, San Diego, Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, CA, USA
| | - Christine M. Zimmermann
- University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg-University, Institute for Virology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elena Ziviani
- University of Padova, Biology Department, Padova, Italy
| | - Teresa Zoladek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wei-Xing Zong
- Rutgers University, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Dmitry B. Zorov
- Moscow State University, A.N.Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Department of Functional Biochemistry of Biopolymers, Moscow, Russia
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Weiping Zou
- University of Michigan, Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhen Zou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | | | - Steven Zuryn
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Werner Zwerschke
- University of Innsbruck, Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beate Brand-Saberi
- Inserm U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - X. Charlie Dong
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chandra Shekar Kenchappa
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zuguo Li
- Southern Medical University, Shenzhen Hospital, Department of Pathology, Bao'an District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Molecular Biology and Lung Cancer Program, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Shigeru Oshima
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Medical Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yueguang Rong
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Basic Medicine, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - Judith C. Sluimer
- Maastricht University Medical Center, School for Cardiovascular disease (CARIM), Department of Pathology, Maastricht, The Netherlands; University of Edinburgh, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christina L. Stallings
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chun-Kit Tong
- Hong Kong Baptist University, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Baptist University, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong, lxChina
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17
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Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy) delivers intracellular constituents to the lysosome to promote catabolism. During development in multiple organisms, autophagy mediates various cellular processes, including survival during starvation, programmed cell death, phagocytosis, organelle elimination, and miRNA regulation. Our current understanding of autophagy has been enhanced by developmental biology research during the last quarter of a century. Through experiments that focus on animal development, fundamental mechanisms that control autophagy and that contribute to disease were elucidated. Studies in embryos revealed specific autophagy molecules that mediate the removal of paternally derived mitochondria, and identified autophagy components that clear protein aggregates during development. Importantly, defects in mtDNA inheritance, or removal of paternal mtDNA via mitochondrial autophagy, can contribute to mitochondrial-associated disease. In addition, impairment of the clearance of protein aggregates by autophagy underlies neurodegenerative diseases. Experiments in multiple organisms also reveal conserved mechanisms of tissue remodeling that rely on the cooperation between autophagy and apoptosis to clear cell corpses, and defects in autophagy and apoptotic cell clearance can contribute to inflammation and autoimmunity. Here we provide an overview of key developmental processes that are mediated by autophagy in multiple animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Allen
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 423 Lazare Research Building, 364 Plantation St., Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 423 Lazare Research Building, 364 Plantation St., Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
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18
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Deretic V, Prossnitz E, Burge M, Campen MJ, Cannon J, Liu KJ, Liu M, Hall P, Sklar LA, Allers L, Mariscal L, Garcia SA, Weaver J, Baehrecke EH, Behrends C, Cecconi F, Codogno P, Chen GC, Elazar Z, Eskelinen EL, Fourie B, Gozuacik D, Hong W, Jo EK, Johansen T, Juhász G, Kimchi A, Ktistakis N, Kroemer G, Mizushima N, Münz C, Reggiori F, Rubinsztein D, Ryan K, Schroder K, Shen HM, Simonsen A, Tooze SA, Vaccaro M, Yoshimori T, Yu L, Zhang H, Klionsky DJ. Autophagy, Inflammation, and Metabolism (AIM) Center in its second year. Autophagy 2019; 15:1829-1833. [PMID: 31234750 PMCID: PMC6735631 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1634444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The NIH-funded center for autophagy research named Autophagy, Inflammation, and Metabolism (AIM) Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, located at the University of New Mexico Health Science Center is now completing its second year as a working center with a mission to promote autophagy research locally, nationally, and internationally. The center has thus far supported a cadre of 6 junior faculty (mentored PIs; mPIs) at a near-R01 level of funding. Two mPIs have graduated by obtaining their independent R01 funding and 3 of the remaining 4 have won significant funding from NIH in the form of R21 and R56 awards. The first year and a half of setting up the center has been punctuated by completion of renovations and acquisition and upgrades for equipment supporting autophagy, inflammation and metabolism studies. The scientific cores usage, and the growth of new studies is promoted through pilot grants and several types of enablement initiatives. The intent to cultivate AIM as a scholarly hub for autophagy and related studies is manifested in its Vibrant Campus Initiative, and the Tuesday AIM Seminar series, as well as by hosting a major scientific event, the 2019 AIM symposium, with nearly one third of the faculty from the International Council of Affiliate Members being present and leading sessions, giving talks, and conducting workshop activities. These and other events are often videostreamed for a worldwide scientific audience, and information about events at AIM and elsewhere are disseminated on Twitter and can be followed on the AIM web site. AIM intends to invigorate research on overlapping areas between autophagy, inflammation and metabolism with a number of new initiatives to promote metabolomic research. With the turnover of mPIs as they obtain their independent funding, new junior faculty are recruited and appointed as mPIs. All these activities are in keeping with AIM's intention to enable the next generation of autophagy researchers and help anchor, disseminate, and convey the depth and excitement of the autophagy field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Eric Prossnitz
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Mark Burge
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Matthew J. Campen
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Judy Cannon
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Meilian Liu
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Pamela Hall
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Larry A. Sklar
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Lee Allers
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Luisa Mariscal
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sally Ann Garcia
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - John Weaver
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Eric H. Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Christian Behrends
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark and Dulbecco Telethon Institute at the Department of Biology, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151- CNRS UMR 8253 F-75014, The Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Guang-Chao Chen
- Academia Sinica Institute of Biological Chemistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Bernard Fourie
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Molecular Biology Genetics and Bioengineering Program, SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Center and EFSUN Nanodiagnostics Center of Excellence, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wanjin Hong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Singapore
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Terje Johansen
- Molecular Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary, and Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Adi Kimchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Guido Kroemer
- Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France
- The Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- The Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Paris, France
- The Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - David Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, and UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin Ryan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kate Schroder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB) and IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Han-Min Shen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sharon A. Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Maria Vaccaro
- Pathophysiology, CONICET, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan and Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Li Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, and College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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19
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Nandy A, Lin L, Velentzas PD, Wu LP, Baehrecke EH, Silverman N. The NF-κB Factor Relish Regulates Atg1 Expression and Controls Autophagy. Cell Rep 2018; 25:2110-2120.e3. [PMID: 30463009 PMCID: PMC6329390 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy and cell death both contribute to innate immunity, but little is known about how these processes integrate. Drosophila larval salivary glands require autophagy for developmentally programmed cell death, and innate immune signaling factors increase in these dying cells. Here, we show that the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) factor Relish, a component of the immune deficiency (Imd) pathway, is required for salivary gland degradation. Surprisingly, of the classic Imd pathway components, only Relish and the PGRP receptors were involved in salivary gland degradation. Significantly, Relish controls salivary gland degradation by regulating autophagy but not caspases. In addition, expression of either Relish or PGRP-LC causes premature autophagy induction and subsequent gland degradation. Relish controls autophagy by regulating the expression of Atg1, a core component and activator of the autophagy pathway. Together these findings demonstrate that a NF-κB pathway regulates autophagy during developmentally programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubhab Nandy
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Panagiotis D Velentzas
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Louisa P Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Neal Silverman
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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20
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Velentzas PD, Zhang L, Das G, Chang TK, Nelson C, Kobertz WR, Baehrecke EH. The Proton-Coupled Monocarboxylate Transporter Hermes Is Necessary for Autophagy during Cell Death. Dev Cell 2018; 47:281-293.e4. [PMID: 30318245 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient availability influences the production and degradation of materials that are required for cell growth and survival. Autophagy is a nutrient-regulated process that is used to degrade cytoplasmic materials and has been associated with human diseases. Solute transporters influence nutrient availability and sensing, yet we know little about how transporters influence autophagy. Here, we screen for solute transporters that are required for autophagy-dependent cell death and identify CG11665/hermes. We show that hermes is required for both autophagy during steroid-triggered salivary gland cell death and TNF-induced non-apoptotic eye cell death. hermes encodes a proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter that preferentially transports pyruvate over lactate. mTOR signaling is elevated in hermes mutant cells, and decreased mTOR function suppresses the hermes salivary gland cell death phenotype. Hermes is most similar to human SLC16A11, a protein that was recently implicated in type 2 diabetes, thus providing a link between pyruvate, mTOR, autophagy, and possibly metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis D Velentzas
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Lejie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Gautam Das
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tsun-Kai Chang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Charles Nelson
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - William R Kobertz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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21
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Zhao S, Fortier TM, Baehrecke EH. Autophagy Promotes Tumor-like Stem Cell Niche Occupancy. Curr Biol 2018; 28:3056-3064.e3. [PMID: 30270184 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cells usually reside in specialized niche microenvironments. Accumulating evidence indicates that competitive niche occupancy favors stem cells with oncogenic mutations, also known as tumor-like stem cells. However, the mechanisms that regulate tumor-like stem cell niche occupancy are largely unknown. Here, we use Drosophila ovarian germline stem cells as a model and use bam mutant cells as tumor-like stem cells. Interestingly, we find that autophagy is low in wild-type stem cells but elevated in bam mutant stem cells. Significantly, autophagy is required for niche occupancy by bam mutant stem cells. Although loss of either atg6 or Fip200 alone in stem cells does not impact their competitiveness, loss of these conserved regulators of autophagy decreases bam mutant stem cell niche occupancy. In addition, starvation enhances the competition of bam mutant stem cells for niche occupancy in an autophagy-dependent manner. Of note, loss of autophagy slows the cell cycle of bam mutant stem cells and does not influence stem cell death. In contrast to canonical epithelial cell competition, loss of regulators of tissue growth, either the insulin receptor or cyclin-dependent kinase 2 function, influences the competition of bam mutant stem cells for niche occupancy. Additionally, autophagy promotes the tumor-like growth of bam mutant ovaries. Autophagy is known to be induced in a wide variety of tumors. Therefore, these results suggest that specifically targeting autophagy in tumor-like stem cells has potential as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Zhao
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tina M Fortier
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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22
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Galluzzi L, Vitale I, Aaronson SA, Abrams JM, Adam D, Agostinis P, Alnemri ES, Altucci L, Amelio I, Andrews DW, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Antonov AV, Arama E, Baehrecke EH, Barlev NA, Bazan NG, Bernassola F, Bertrand MJM, Bianchi K, Blagosklonny MV, Blomgren K, Borner C, Boya P, Brenner C, Campanella M, Candi E, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Cecconi F, Chan FKM, Chandel NS, Cheng EH, Chipuk JE, Cidlowski JA, Ciechanover A, Cohen GM, Conrad M, Cubillos-Ruiz JR, Czabotar PE, D'Angiolella V, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, De Laurenzi V, De Maria R, Debatin KM, DeBerardinis RJ, Deshmukh M, Di Daniele N, Di Virgilio F, Dixit VM, Dixon SJ, Duckett CS, Dynlacht BD, El-Deiry WS, Elrod JW, Fimia GM, Fulda S, García-Sáez AJ, Garg AD, Garrido C, Gavathiotis E, Golstein P, Gottlieb E, Green DR, Greene LA, Gronemeyer H, Gross A, Hajnoczky G, Hardwick JM, Harris IS, Hengartner MO, Hetz C, Ichijo H, Jäättelä M, Joseph B, Jost PJ, Juin PP, Kaiser WJ, Karin M, Kaufmann T, Kepp O, Kimchi A, Kitsis RN, Klionsky DJ, Knight RA, Kumar S, Lee SW, Lemasters JJ, Levine B, Linkermann A, Lipton SA, Lockshin RA, López-Otín C, Lowe SW, Luedde T, Lugli E, MacFarlane M, Madeo F, Malewicz M, Malorni W, Manic G, Marine JC, Martin SJ, Martinou JC, Medema JP, Mehlen P, Meier P, Melino S, Miao EA, Molkentin JD, Moll UM, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Nagata S, Nuñez G, Oberst A, Oren M, Overholtzer M, Pagano M, Panaretakis T, Pasparakis M, Penninger JM, Pereira DM, Pervaiz S, Peter ME, Piacentini M, Pinton P, Prehn JHM, Puthalakath H, Rabinovich GA, Rehm M, Rizzuto R, Rodrigues CMP, Rubinsztein DC, Rudel T, Ryan KM, Sayan E, Scorrano L, Shao F, Shi Y, Silke J, Simon HU, Sistigu A, Stockwell BR, Strasser A, Szabadkai G, Tait SWG, Tang D, Tavernarakis N, Thorburn A, Tsujimoto Y, Turk B, Vanden Berghe T, Vandenabeele P, Vander Heiden MG, Villunger A, Virgin HW, Vousden KH, Vucic D, Wagner EF, Walczak H, Wallach D, Wang Y, Wells JA, Wood W, Yuan J, Zakeri Z, Zhivotovsky B, Zitvogel L, Melino G, Kroemer G. Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:486-541. [PMID: 29362479 PMCID: PMC5864239 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-017-0012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3523] [Impact Index Per Article: 587.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) has formulated guidelines for the definition and interpretation of cell death from morphological, biochemical, and functional perspectives. Since the field continues to expand and novel mechanisms that orchestrate multiple cell death pathways are unveiled, we propose an updated classification of cell death subroutines focusing on mechanistic and essential (as opposed to correlative and dispensable) aspects of the process. As we provide molecularly oriented definitions of terms including intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-driven necrosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, parthanatos, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, immunogenic cell death, cellular senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, we discuss the utility of neologisms that refer to highly specialized instances of these processes. The mission of the NCCD is to provide a widely accepted nomenclature on cell death in support of the continued development of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Paris Descartes/Paris V University, Paris, France.
| | - Ilio Vitale
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stuart A Aaronson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - John M Abrams
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dieter Adam
- Institute of Immunology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emad S Alnemri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
| | - David W Andrews
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Alexey V Antonov
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
| | - Eli Arama
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Nickolai A Barlev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nicolas G Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Francesca Bernassola
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Mathieu J M Bertrand
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katiuscia Bianchi
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoph Borner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Boya
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Biological Investigation (CIB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Catherine Brenner
- INSERM U1180, Châtenay Malabry, France
- University of Paris Sud/Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Michelangelo Campanella
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
- University College London Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, London, UK
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Dermopatic Institute of Immaculate (IDI) IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Cecconi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francis K-M Chan
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emily H Cheng
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerry E Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - John A Cidlowski
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Aaron Ciechanover
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gerald M Cohen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Juan R Cubillos-Ruiz
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter E Czabotar
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincenzo D'Angiolella
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, UK
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vincenzo De Laurenzi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, CeSI-MetUniversity of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Rome, Italy
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mohanish Deshmukh
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Vishva M Dixit
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Colin S Duckett
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Brian D Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John W Elrod
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ana J García-Sáez
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM U1231 "Lipides Nutrition Cancer", Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Burgundy France Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Evripidis Gavathiotis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Pierre Golstein
- Immunology Center of Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Eyal Gottlieb
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lloyd A Greene
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hinrich Gronemeyer
- Team labeled "Ligue Contre le Cancer", Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- CNRS UMR 7104, Illkirch, France
- INSERM U964, Illkirch, France
- University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Atan Gross
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gyorgy Hajnoczky
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Marie Hardwick
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Isaac S Harris
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hidenori Ichijo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bertrand Joseph
- Toxicology Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philipp J Jost
- III Medical Department for Hematology and Oncology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Philippe P Juin
- Team 8 "Stress adaptation and tumor escape", CRCINA-INSERM U1232, Nantes, France
- University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- University of Angers, Angers, France
- Institute of Cancer Research in Western France, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - William J Kaiser
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Kaufmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Paris Descartes/Paris V University, Paris, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Paris Sud/Paris XI University, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Team 11 labeled "Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France
- INSERM U1138, Paris, France
- Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI University, Paris, France
| | - Adi Kimchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Richard N Kitsis
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard A Knight
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sam W Lee
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - John J Lemasters
- Center for Cell Death, Injury and Regeneration, Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Center for Cell Death, Injury and Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Beth Levine
- Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stuart A Lipton
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Translational Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Richard A Lockshin
- Department of Biology, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
- Queens College of the City University of New York, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tom Luedde
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Enrico Lugli
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas Flow Cytometry Core, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marion MacFarlane
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
| | - Frank Madeo
- Department Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michal Malewicz
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
| | - Walter Malorni
- National Centre for Gender Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gwenola Manic
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Seamus J Martin
- Departments of Genetics, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jean-Claude Martinou
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jan Paul Medema
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Genomics Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Mehlen
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development laboratory, CRCL, Lyon, France
- Team labeled "La Ligue contre le Cancer", Lyon, France
- LabEx DEVweCAN, Lyon, France
- INSERM U1052, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Pascal Meier
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, Mary-Jean Mitchell Green Building, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Edward A Miao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ute M Moll
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo
- Cell Death Regulation Group, Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shigekazu Nagata
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, World Premier International (WPI) Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gabriel Nuñez
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Moshe Oren
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michael Overholtzer
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michele Pagano
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Theocharis Panaretakis
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manolis Pasparakis
- Institute for Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Campus Vienna BioCentre, Vienna, Austria
| | - David M Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Shazib Pervaiz
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marcus E Peter
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- LTTA center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hamsa Puthalakath
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME), National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Cecilia M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Rudel
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Emre Sayan
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Feng Shao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medicinal Biomaterials, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - John Silke
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Inflammation, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antonella Sistigu
- Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University "Sacro Cuore", Rome, Italy
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gyorgy Szabadkai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, London, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Daolin Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Center for DAMP Biology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory for Protein Modification and Degradation of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Andrew Thorburn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Boris Turk
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, "Jozef Stefan" Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tom Vanden Berghe
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert W Virgin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Domagoj Vucic
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erwin F Wagner
- Genes, Development and Disease Group, Cancer Cell Biology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Wallach
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - James A Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Will Wood
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Junying Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zahra Zakeri
- Department of Biology, Queens College of the City University of New York, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Toxicology Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Faculty of Medicine, Paris Sud/Paris XI University, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Gerry Melino
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Paris Descartes/Paris V University, Paris, France.
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
- Team 11 labeled "Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France.
- INSERM U1138, Paris, France.
- Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI University, Paris, France.
- Biology Pole, European Hospital George Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
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23
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Anding AL, Wang C, Chang TK, Sliter DA, Powers CM, Hofmann K, Youle RJ, Baehrecke EH. Vps13D Encodes a Ubiquitin-Binding Protein that Is Required for the Regulation of Mitochondrial Size and Clearance. Curr Biol 2018; 28:287-295.e6. [PMID: 29307555 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The clearance of mitochondria by autophagy, mitophagy, is important for cell and organism health [1], and known to be regulated by ubiquitin. During Drosophila intestine development, cells undergo a dramatic reduction in cell size and clearance of mitochondria that depends on autophagy, the E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme Uba1, and ubiquitin [2]. Here we screen a collection of putative ubiquitin-binding domain-encoding genes for cell size reduction and autophagy phenotypes. We identify the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) components TSG101 and Vps36, as well as the novel gene Vps13D. Vps13D is an essential gene that is necessary for autophagy, mitochondrial size, and mitochondrial clearance in Drosophila. Interestingly, a similar mitochondrial phenotype is observed in VPS13D mutant human cells. The ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain of Vps13D binds K63 ubiquitin chains, and mutants lacking the UBA domain have defects in mitochondrial size and clearance and exhibit semi-lethality, highlighting the importance of Vps13D ubiquitin binding in both mitochondrial health and development. VPS13D mutant cells possess phosphorylated DRP1 and mitochondrial fission factor (MFF) as well as DRP1 association with mitochondria, suggesting that VPS13D functions downstream of these known regulators of mitochondrial fission. In addition, the large Vps13D mitochondrial and cell size phenotypes are suppressed by decreased mitochondrial fusion gene function. Thus, these results provide a previously unknown link between ubiquitin, mitochondrial size regulation, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson L Anding
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Chunxin Wang
- Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tsun-Kai Chang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Danielle A Sliter
- Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christine M Powers
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Kay Hofmann
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard J Youle
- Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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24
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Deretic V, Prossnitz E, Burge M, Campen MJ, Cannon J, Liu KJ, Sklar LA, Allers L, Garcia SA, Baehrecke EH, Behrends C, Cecconi F, Codogno P, Chen GC, Elazar Z, Eskelinen EL, Fourie B, Gozuacik D, Hong W, Hotamisligi G, Jäättelä M, Jo EK, Johansen T, Juhász G, Kimchi A, Ktistakis N, Kroemer G, MIzushima N, Münz C, Reggiori F, Rubinsztein D, Ryan K, Schroder K, Simonsen A, Tooze S, I. Vaccaro M, Yoshimori T, Yu L, Zhang H, Klionsky DJ. Autophagy, Inflammation, and Metabolism (AIM) Center of Biomedical Research Excellence: supporting the next generation of autophagy researchers and fostering international collaborations. Autophagy 2018; 14:925-929. [PMID: 29938597 PMCID: PMC6103399 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1465784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, NIH has funded a center for autophagy research named the Autophagy, Inflammation, and Metabolism (AIM) Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, located at the University of New Mexico Health Science Center (UNM HSC), with aspirations to promote autophagy research locally, nationally, and internationally. The center has 3 major missions: (i) to support junior faculty in their endeavors to develop investigations in this area and obtain independent funding; (ii) to develop and provide technological platforms to advance autophagy research with emphasis on cellular approaches for high quality reproducible research; and (iii) to foster international collaborations through the formation of an International Council of Affiliate Members and through hosting national and international workshops and symposia. Scientifically, the AIM center is focused on autophagy and its intersections with other processes, with emphasis on both fundamental discoveries and applied translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Eric Prossnitz
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Mark Burge
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Matthew J. Campen
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Judy Cannon
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Larry A. Sklar
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Lee Allers
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sally Ann Garcia
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Eric H. Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Christian Behrends
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Feodor-Lynen Str., München, Germany
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at the Department of Biology, University of Rome ‘‘Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151- CNRS UMR, Paris, France
- The Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Guang-Chao Chen
- Academia Sinica Institute of Biological Chemistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Bernard Fourie
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Molecular Biology Genetics and Bioengineering Program, SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Center and EFSUN Nanodiagnostics Center of Excellence, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wanjin Hong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gokhan Hotamisligi
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine Jung-gu, Daejeon, S. Korea
| | - Terje Johansen
- Molecular Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Adi Kimchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Guido Kroemer
- The Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France
- Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Labex Immuno-Oncology, The Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- The Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noboru MIzushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - David Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, and UK Dementia Research Institute, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge Biomedical, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin Ryan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kate Schroder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB) and IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sharon Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Maria I. Vaccaro
- Pathophysiology, CONICET, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Li Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, and College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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25
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Lin L, Rodrigues FSLM, Kary C, Contet A, Logan M, Baxter RHG, Wood W, Baehrecke EH. Complement-Related Regulates Autophagy in Neighboring Cells. Cell 2017; 170:158-171.e8. [PMID: 28666117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy degrades cytoplasmic components and is important for development and human health. Although autophagy is known to be influenced by systemic intercellular signals, the proteins that control autophagy are largely thought to function within individual cells. Here, we report that Drosophila macroglobulin complement-related (Mcr), a complement ortholog, plays an essential role during developmental cell death and inflammation by influencing autophagy in neighboring cells. This function of Mcr involves the immune receptor Draper, suggesting a relationship between autophagy and the control of inflammation. Interestingly, Mcr function in epithelial cells is required for macrophage autophagy and migration to epithelial wounds, a Draper-dependent process. This study reveals, unexpectedly, that complement-related from one cell regulates autophagy in neighboring cells via an ancient immune signaling program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 3520 San Martin Dr., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Frederico S L M Rodrigues
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Christina Kary
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Alicia Contet
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mary Logan
- Junger's Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Richard H G Baxter
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Will Wood
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Galluzzi L, Baehrecke EH, Ballabio A, Boya P, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Cecconi F, Choi AM, Chu CT, Codogno P, Colombo MI, Cuervo AM, Debnath J, Deretic V, Dikic I, Eskelinen EL, Fimia GM, Fulda S, Gewirtz DA, Green DR, Hansen M, Harper JW, Jäättelä M, Johansen T, Juhasz G, Kimmelman AC, Kraft C, Ktistakis NT, Kumar S, Levine B, Lopez-Otin C, Madeo F, Martens S, Martinez J, Melendez A, Mizushima N, Münz C, Murphy LO, Penninger JM, Piacentini M, Reggiori F, Rubinsztein DC, Ryan KM, Santambrogio L, Scorrano L, Simon AK, Simon HU, Simonsen A, Tavernarakis N, Tooze SA, Yoshimori T, Yuan J, Yue Z, Zhong Q, Kroemer G. Molecular definitions of autophagy and related processes. EMBO J 2017; 36:1811-1836. [PMID: 28596378 PMCID: PMC5494474 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201796697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1076] [Impact Index Per Article: 153.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, the molecular machinery that underlies autophagic responses has been characterized with ever increasing precision in multiple model organisms. Moreover, it has become clear that autophagy and autophagy-related processes have profound implications for human pathophysiology. However, considerable confusion persists about the use of appropriate terms to indicate specific types of autophagy and some components of the autophagy machinery, which may have detrimental effects on the expansion of the field. Driven by the overt recognition of such a potential obstacle, a panel of leading experts in the field attempts here to define several autophagy-related terms based on specific biochemical features. The ultimate objective of this collaborative exchange is to formulate recommendations that facilitate the dissemination of knowledge within and outside the field of autophagy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patricia Boya
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Augustine M Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Paris, France
- INSERM, U1151, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8253, Paris, France
| | - Maria Isabel Colombo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM)-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jayanta Debnath
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vojo Deretic
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry II, School of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt Main, Germany
- Department of Immunology and Medical Genetics, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | | | - Gian Maria Fimia
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Malene Hansen
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Wade Harper
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terje Johansen
- Molecular Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gabor Juhasz
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alec C Kimmelman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claudine Kraft
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna Biocenter, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Beth Levine
- Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Carlos Lopez-Otin
- Department de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Cáncer, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sascha Martens
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna Biocenter, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alicia Melendez
- Department of Biology, Queens College, Queens, NY, USA
- Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leon O Murphy
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Campus Vienna BioCentre, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Katharina Simon
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sharon A Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junying Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of Neurology, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qing Zhong
- Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pôle de Biologie, Hopitâl Européen George Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Anding AL, Baehrecke EH. Cleaning House: Selective Autophagy of Organelles. Dev Cell 2017; 41:10-22. [PMID: 28399394 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The selective clearance of organelles by autophagy is critical for the regulation of cellular homeostasis in organisms from yeast to humans. Removal of damaged organelles clears the cell of potentially toxic byproducts and enables reuse of organelle components for bioenergetics. Thus, defects in organelle clearance may be detrimental to the health of the cells, contributing to cancer, neurodegeneration, and inflammatory diseases. Organelle-specific autophagy can clear mitochondria, peroxisomes, lysosomes, ER, chloroplasts, and the nucleus. Here, we review our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate the clearance of organelles by autophagy and highlight gaps in our knowledge of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson L Anding
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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28
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Lee TV, Kamber Kaya HE, Simin R, Baehrecke EH, Bergmann A. The initiator caspase Dronc is subject of enhanced autophagy upon proteasome impairment in Drosophila. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1555-64. [PMID: 27104928 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A major function of ubiquitylation is to deliver target proteins to the proteasome for degradation. In the apoptotic pathway in Drosophila, the inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (Diap1) regulates the activity of the initiator caspase Dronc (death regulator Nedd2-like caspase; caspase-9 ortholog) by ubiquitylation, supposedly targeting Dronc for degradation by the proteasome. Using a genetic approach, we show that Dronc protein fails to accumulate in epithelial cells with impaired proteasome function suggesting that it is not degraded by the proteasome, contrary to the expectation. Similarly, decreased autophagy, an alternative catabolic pathway, does not result in increased Dronc protein levels. However, combined impairment of the proteasome and autophagy triggers accumulation of Dronc protein levels suggesting that autophagy compensates for the loss of the proteasome with respect to Dronc turnover. Consistently, we show that loss of the proteasome enhances endogenous autophagy in epithelial cells. We propose that enhanced autophagy degrades Dronc if proteasome function is impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H E Kamber Kaya
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - R Simin
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - E H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - A Bergmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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29
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Klionsky DJ, Abdelmohsen K, Abe A, Abedin MJ, Abeliovich H, Acevedo Arozena A, Adachi H, Adams CM, Adams PD, Adeli K, Adhihetty PJ, Adler SG, Agam G, Agarwal R, Aghi MK, Agnello M, Agostinis P, Aguilar PV, Aguirre-Ghiso J, Airoldi EM, Ait-Si-Ali S, Akematsu T, Akporiaye ET, Al-Rubeai M, Albaiceta GM, Albanese C, Albani D, Albert ML, Aldudo J, Algül H, Alirezaei M, Alloza I, Almasan A, Almonte-Beceril M, Alnemri ES, Alonso C, Altan-Bonnet N, Altieri DC, Alvarez S, Alvarez-Erviti L, Alves S, Amadoro G, Amano A, Amantini C, Ambrosio S, Amelio I, Amer AO, Amessou M, Amon A, An Z, Anania FA, Andersen SU, Andley UP, Andreadi CK, Andrieu-Abadie N, Anel A, Ann DK, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Antonioli M, Aoki H, Apostolova N, Aquila S, Aquilano K, Araki K, Arama E, Aranda A, Araya J, Arcaro A, Arias E, Arimoto H, Ariosa AR, Armstrong JL, Arnould T, Arsov I, Asanuma K, Askanas V, Asselin E, Atarashi R, Atherton SS, Atkin JD, Attardi LD, Auberger P, Auburger G, Aurelian L, Autelli R, Avagliano L, Avantaggiati ML, Avrahami L, Awale S, Azad N, Bachetti T, Backer JM, Bae DH, Bae JS, Bae ON, Bae SH, Baehrecke EH, Baek SH, Baghdiguian S, Bagniewska-Zadworna A, Bai H, Bai J, Bai XY, Bailly Y, Balaji KN, Balduini W, Ballabio A, Balzan R, Banerjee R, Bánhegyi G, Bao H, Barbeau B, Barrachina MD, Barreiro E, Bartel B, Bartolomé A, Bassham DC, Bassi MT, Bast RC, Basu A, Batista MT, Batoko H, Battino M, Bauckman K, Baumgarner BL, Bayer KU, Beale R, Beaulieu JF, Beck GR, Becker C, Beckham JD, Bédard PA, Bednarski PJ, Begley TJ, Behl C, Behrends C, Behrens GMN, Behrns KE, Bejarano E, Belaid A, Belleudi F, Bénard G, Berchem G, Bergamaschi D, Bergami M, Berkhout B, Berliocchi L, Bernard A, Bernard M, Bernassola F, Bertolotti A, Bess AS, Besteiro S, Bettuzzi S, Bhalla S, Bhattacharyya S, Bhutia SK, Biagosch C, Bianchi MW, Biard-Piechaczyk M, Billes V, Bincoletto C, Bingol B, Bird SW, Bitoun M, Bjedov I, Blackstone C, Blanc L, Blanco GA, Blomhoff HK, Boada-Romero E, Böckler S, Boes M, Boesze-Battaglia K, Boise LH, Bolino A, Boman A, Bonaldo P, Bordi M, Bosch J, Botana LM, Botti J, Bou G, Bouché M, Bouchecareilh M, Boucher MJ, Boulton ME, Bouret SG, Boya P, Boyer-Guittaut M, Bozhkov PV, Brady N, Braga VMM, Brancolini C, Braus GH, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Brennan LA, Bresnick EH, Brest P, Bridges D, Bringer MA, Brini M, Brito GC, Brodin B, Brookes PS, Brown EJ, Brown K, Broxmeyer HE, Bruhat A, Brum PC, Brumell JH, Brunetti-Pierri N, Bryson-Richardson RJ, Buch S, Buchan AM, Budak H, Bulavin DV, Bultman SJ, Bultynck G, Bumbasirevic V, Burelle Y, Burke RE, Burmeister M, Bütikofer P, Caberlotto L, Cadwell K, Cahova M, Cai D, Cai J, Cai Q, Calatayud S, Camougrand N, Campanella M, Campbell GR, Campbell M, Campello S, Candau R, Caniggia I, Cantoni L, Cao L, Caplan AB, Caraglia M, Cardinali C, Cardoso SM, Carew JS, Carleton LA, Carlin CR, Carloni S, Carlsson SR, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Carneiro LAM, Carnevali O, Carra S, Carrier A, Carroll B, Casas C, Casas J, Cassinelli G, Castets P, Castro-Obregon S, Cavallini G, Ceccherini I, Cecconi F, Cederbaum AI, Ceña V, Cenci S, Cerella C, Cervia D, Cetrullo S, Chaachouay H, Chae HJ, Chagin AS, Chai CY, Chakrabarti G, Chamilos G, Chan EYW, Chan MTV, Chandra D, Chandra P, Chang CP, Chang RCC, Chang TY, Chatham JC, Chatterjee S, Chauhan S, Che Y, Cheetham ME, Cheluvappa R, Chen CJ, Chen G, Chen GC, Chen G, Chen H, Chen JW, Chen JK, Chen M, Chen M, Chen P, Chen Q, Chen Q, Chen SD, Chen S, Chen SSL, Chen W, Chen WJ, Chen WQ, Chen W, Chen X, Chen YH, Chen YG, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen YJ, Chen YQ, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chen Z, Cheng A, Cheng CHK, Cheng H, Cheong H, Cherry S, Chesney J, Cheung CHA, Chevet E, Chi HC, Chi SG, Chiacchiera F, Chiang HL, Chiarelli R, Chiariello M, Chieppa M, Chin LS, Chiong M, Chiu GNC, Cho DH, Cho SG, Cho WC, Cho YY, Cho YS, Choi AMK, Choi EJ, Choi EK, Choi J, Choi ME, Choi SI, Chou TF, Chouaib S, Choubey D, Choubey V, Chow KC, Chowdhury K, Chu CT, Chuang TH, Chun T, Chung H, Chung T, Chung YL, Chwae YJ, Cianfanelli V, Ciarcia R, Ciechomska IA, Ciriolo MR, Cirone M, Claerhout S, Clague MJ, Clària J, Clarke PGH, Clarke R, Clementi E, Cleyrat C, Cnop M, Coccia EM, Cocco T, Codogno P, Coers J, Cohen EEW, Colecchia D, Coletto L, Coll NS, Colucci-Guyon E, Comincini S, Condello M, Cook KL, Coombs GH, Cooper CD, Cooper JM, Coppens I, Corasaniti MT, Corazzari M, Corbalan R, Corcelle-Termeau E, Cordero MD, Corral-Ramos C, Corti O, Cossarizza A, Costelli P, Costes S, Cotman SL, Coto-Montes A, Cottet S, Couve E, Covey LR, Cowart LA, Cox JS, Coxon FP, Coyne CB, Cragg MS, Craven RJ, Crepaldi T, Crespo JL, Criollo A, Crippa V, Cruz MT, Cuervo AM, Cuezva JM, Cui T, Cutillas PR, Czaja MJ, Czyzyk-Krzeska MF, Dagda RK, Dahmen U, Dai C, Dai W, Dai Y, Dalby KN, Dalla Valle L, Dalmasso G, D'Amelio M, Damme M, Darfeuille-Michaud A, Dargemont C, Darley-Usmar VM, Dasarathy S, Dasgupta B, Dash S, Dass CR, Davey HM, Davids LM, Dávila D, Davis RJ, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, Daza P, de Belleroche J, de Figueiredo P, de Figueiredo RCBQ, de la Fuente J, De Martino L, De Matteis A, De Meyer GRY, De Milito A, De Santi M, de Souza W, De Tata V, De Zio D, Debnath J, Dechant R, Decuypere JP, Deegan S, Dehay B, Del Bello B, Del Re DP, Delage-Mourroux R, Delbridge LMD, Deldicque L, Delorme-Axford E, Deng Y, Dengjel J, Denizot M, Dent P, Der CJ, Deretic V, Derrien B, Deutsch E, Devarenne TP, Devenish RJ, Di Bartolomeo S, Di Daniele N, Di Domenico F, Di Nardo A, Di Paola S, Di Pietro A, Di Renzo L, DiAntonio A, Díaz-Araya G, Díaz-Laviada I, Diaz-Meco MT, Diaz-Nido J, Dickey CA, Dickson RC, Diederich M, Digard P, Dikic I, Dinesh-Kumar SP, Ding C, Ding WX, Ding Z, Dini L, Distler JHW, Diwan A, Djavaheri-Mergny M, Dmytruk K, Dobson RCJ, Doetsch V, Dokladny K, Dokudovskaya S, Donadelli M, Dong XC, Dong X, Dong Z, Donohue TM, Doran KS, D'Orazi G, Dorn GW, Dosenko V, Dridi S, Drucker L, Du J, Du LL, Du L, du Toit A, Dua P, Duan L, Duann P, Dubey VK, Duchen MR, Duchosal MA, Duez H, Dugail I, Dumit VI, Duncan MC, 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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition). Autophagy 2016; 12:1-222. [PMID: 26799652 PMCID: PMC4835977 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4041] [Impact Index Per Article: 505.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Klionsky
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, RNA Regulation Section, Laboratory of Genetics, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Akihisa Abe
- Tokyo Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Md Joynal Abedin
- University of Minnesota, Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hagai Abeliovich
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Biochemistry and Food Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Hiroaki Adachi
- University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Peter D Adams
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Khosrow Adeli
- University of Toronto, Molecular Structure and Function, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter J Adhihetty
- University of Florida, Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sharon G Adler
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Galila Agam
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Mental Health Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Psychiatry Research Unit, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- University of Colorado Denver, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Manish K Aghi
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Neurological Surgery, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Agnello
- University of Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Cell Death Research and Therapy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patricia V Aguilar
- University of Texas, Medical Branch, Department of Pathology, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Julio Aguirre-Ghiso
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Otolaryngology, Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edoardo M Airoldi
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard University, Department of Statistics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Slimane Ait-Si-Ali
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre Epigénétique et Destin Cellulaire, UMR 7216, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Takahiko Akematsu
- University of Vienna, Department of Chromosome Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Mohamed Al-Rubeai
- University College Dublin, School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Chris Albanese
- Georgetown University, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Diego Albani
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Jesus Aldudo
- Centro de Biologia Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM/CSIC), Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hana Algül
- Technische Universität München, II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Mehrdad Alirezaei
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Iraide Alloza
- KERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Sciences, Bilbao, Spain
- Neurogenomiks, Neurosciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Basque, Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Maylin Almonte-Beceril
- Institute of Biomedical Investigation (INIBIC), Aging, Inflamation and Regenerative Medicine, Coruña, Spain
| | - Emad S Alnemri
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Covadonga Alonso
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nihal Altan-Bonnet
- National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Silvia Alvarez
- University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Sandro Alves
- CEA/DSV/12;BM, INSERM U1169, Gene Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - Giuseppina Amadoro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy
| | - Atsuo Amano
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- University of Camerino, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Camerino, Italy
| | - Santiago Ambrosio
- University of Barcelona, School of Medicine, Campus Bellvitge, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Medical Research Council (MRC), Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - Amal O Amer
- Ohio State University, Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mohamed Amessou
- Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Angelika Amon
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhenyi An
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Neurology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Frank A Anania
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stig U Andersen
- Aarhus University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Usha P Andley
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Alberto Anel
- University of Zaragoza, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David K Ann
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Manuela Antonioli
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Aoki
- University of Niigata, Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Saveria Aquila
- University of Calabria, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Arcavacata di Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Koichi Araki
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eli Arama
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Agustin Aranda
- IATA-CSIC, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Paterna (Valencia), Spain
| | - Jun Araya
- Jikei University School of Medicine, Divison of Respiratory Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alexandre Arcaro
- University of Bern, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Clinical Research, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Esperanza Arias
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hirokazu Arimoto
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aileen R Ariosa
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jane L Armstrong
- University of Sunderland, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Wellbeing, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sunderland, UK
| | - Thierry Arnould
- University of Namur, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Namur, Belgium
| | - Ivica Arsov
- York College/The City University of New York, Department of Biology, Jamaica, NY, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Asanuma
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Medical Innocation Center (TMK project), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Valerie Askanas
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Neurology and Pathology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric Asselin
- University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres, Department of Biology and Medicine, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ryuichiro Atarashi
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Sally S Atherton
- Georgia Regents University, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Julie D Atkin
- Macquarie University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura D Attardi
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Departments of Radiation Oncology and Genetics, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Georg Auburger
- Goethe University Medical School, Experimental Neurology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Laure Aurelian
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Riccardo Autelli
- University of Turin, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Turin, TO, Italy
| | - Laura Avagliano
- San Paolo Hospital Medical School, Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milano, Italy
- University of Milan, Department of Health Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Limor Avrahami
- Tel Aviv University, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suresh Awale
- University of Toyama, Division of Natural Drug Discovery, Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Neelam Azad
- Hampton University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton, VA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan M Backer
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dong-Hun Bae
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jae-sung Bae
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jung-gu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ok-Nam Bae
- Hanyang University, College of Pharmacy, Ansan, Korea
| | - Soo Han Bae
- Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- University of Massachusetts, Medical School, Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Stephen Baghdiguian
- Université Montpellier 2, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution - UMR CNRS 5554, Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Agnieszka Bagniewska-Zadworna
- A. Mickiewicz University, Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Poznań, Poland
| | - Hua Bai
- Brown University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jie Bai
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Medical School, Kunmimg, Yunnan, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
| | - Yannick Bailly
- INCI, CNRS UPR3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires and Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Walter Balduini
- University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Federico II University, Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Rena Balzan
- University of Malta, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Msida, Malta
| | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- CSIR, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Biomaterials Group, Hyderabad, India
| | - Gábor Bánhegyi
- Semmelweis University, Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Haijun Bao
- Xuzhou Medical College, Department of Pathology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Benoit Barbeau
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Département des Sciences Biologiques and Centre de Recherche BioMed, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Esther Barreiro
- IMIM-Hospital del Mar CIBERES, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Respiratory Medicine Department, Lung Cancer and Muscle Research Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bonnie Bartel
- Rice University, Department of BioSciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Diane C Bassham
- Iowa State University, Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Bassi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Robert C Bast
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alakananda Basu
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | - Henri Batoko
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Ancona, Italy
| | - Kyle Bauckman
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Pathology and Immunology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bradley L Baumgarner
- University of South Carolina Upstate, Department of Biology, Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Spartanburg, SC
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rupert Beale
- University of Cambridge, Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jean-François Beaulieu
- Université de Sherbrooke, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - George R. Beck
- Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA
- Emory University, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christoph Becker
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Medicine 1, Erlangen, Germany
| | - J David Beckham
- University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas J Begley
- State University of New York, College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Christian Behl
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Institute for Pathobiochemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Behrends
- Medical School Goethe University, Institute of Biochemistry II, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Georg MN Behrens
- Hannover Medical School, Department for Clinical Immunology and Rheumotology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kevin E Behrns
- University of Florida, Department of Surgery, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eloy Bejarano
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Amine Belaid
- INSERM U1081, CNRS UMR7284, Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Francesca Belleudi
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Guy Berchem
- Luxembourg Institute of Health and Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Daniele Bergamaschi
- Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Institute, Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, London, UK
| | - Matteo Bergami
- University Hospital Cologne, CECAD Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ben Berkhout
- University of Amsterdam, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Berliocchi
- Magna Graecia University, Department of Health Sciences, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Amélie Bernard
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Monique Bernard
- Université de Montréal, Department of Medicine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francesca Bernassola
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Amanda S Bess
- Duke University, Nicholas School of the Environment, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Saverio Bettuzzi
- University of Parma, Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, Parma, Italy
| | - Savita Bhalla
- Northwestern University, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shalmoli Bhattacharyya
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Department of Biophysics, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sujit K Bhutia
- National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Department of Life Science, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Caroline Biagosch
- Technical University Munich, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Michele Wolfe Bianchi
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- Université Paris-Sud, CEA, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Martine Biard-Piechaczyk
- CNRS UM, Centre d'études d'agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé, Montpellier, France
| | - Viktor Billes
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Claudia Bincoletto
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Baris Bingol
- Genentech Inc., Department of Neuroscience, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sara W Bird
- Stanford University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marc Bitoun
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE 3617, Center for Research in Myology, Paris, France
| | | | - Craig Blackstone
- National Institutes of Health, Cell Biology Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lionel Blanc
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Developmental Erythropoiesis, Manhasset, NY
| | - Guillermo A Blanco
- University of Buenos Aires, IDEHU-CONICET, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Emilio Boada-Romero
- Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular del Cancer (IBMCC), Centro de Investigacion del Cancer, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Marianne Boes
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Department of Pediatric Immunology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lawrence H Boise
- Emory University, Department of Cell Biology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alessandra Bolino
- INSPE, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Boman
- Linköping University, Experimental Pathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Bordi
- New York University, Department of Psychiatry, New York NY; and Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Jürgen Bosch
- Johns Hopkins, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luis M Botana
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Departamento Farmacoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Lugo, Spain
| | - Joelle Botti
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - German Bou
- University Hospital La Coruña, Microbiology Department, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Marina Bouché
- Sapienza University of Rome, DAHFMO-Section of Histology, Rome, Italy
| | - Marion Bouchecareilh
- Université Bordeaux Segalen, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Josée Boucher
- University of Sherbrooke, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology Division, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Michael E Boulton
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sebastien G Bouret
- University of Southern California, The Saban Research Institute, Developmental Neuroscience Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patricia Boya
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michaël Boyer-Guittaut
- Université de Franche-Comté, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Besançon, France
| | - Peter V Bozhkov
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Uppsala BioCenter, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nathan Brady
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Systems Biology of Cell Death Mechanisms, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vania MM Braga
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- University of Udine, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche, Udine, Italy
| | - Gerhard H Braus
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Göttingen, Germany
| | - José M Bravo-San Pedro
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Lisa A Brennan
- Florida Atlantic University, Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Emery H Bresnick
- University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Patrick Brest
- INSERM U1081, CNRS UMR7284, Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Dave Bridges
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Physiology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Marie-Agnès Bringer
- UMR 1324 INRA, 6265 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, Dijon, France
| | - Marisa Brini
- University of Padova, Department of Biology, Padova, Italy
| | - Glauber C Brito
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bertha Brodin
- Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul S Brookes
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Eric J Brown
- Genentech Inc., Immunology and Infectious Diseases, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karen Brown
- University of Leicester, Department of Cancer Studies, Leicester, UK
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alain Bruhat
- INRA, UMR 1019 Nutrition Humaine, Centre de Clermont Theix, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
- Université Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, UMR1019 Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Patricia Chakur Brum
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and Sport, Cellular and Molecular Exercise Physiology Laboratory, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Federico II University, Department of Translational Medicine, Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Shilpa Buch
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Alastair M Buchan
- University of Oxford, Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | - Hikmet Budak
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dmitry V Bulavin
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
- INSERM, U1081-UMR CNRS 7284, Nice, France
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Scott J Bultman
- University of North Carolina, Department of Genetics, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vladimir Bumbasirevic
- University of Belgrade, School of Medicine, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Yan Burelle
- Université de Montréal, Faculty of Pharmacy, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert E Burke
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margit Burmeister
- University of Michigan, Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, Departments of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Psychiatry, and Human Genetics, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter Bütikofer
- University of Bern, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laura Caberlotto
- University of Trento, The Microsoft Research, Centre for Computational and Systems Biology (COSBI), Rovereto, TN, Italy
| | - Ken Cadwell
- New York University School of Medicine, Skirball Institute, Department of Microbiology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monika Cahova
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jingjing Cai
- Wenzhou Medical University, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Cai
- Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Sara Calatayud
- University of Valencia, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nadine Camougrand
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5095, CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et génétique Cellulaires, Bordeaux, France
| | - Michelangelo Campanella
- University of London, RVC Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, UCL Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, London, UK
| | - Grant R Campbell
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Campbell
- Trinity College Dublin, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silvia Campello
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Experimental Neurosciences, Rome, Italy
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Robin Candau
- University of Montpellier, UMR 866, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabella Caniggia
- University of Toronto/Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lavinia Cantoni
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Milan, Italy
| | - Lizhi Cao
- Central South University, Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Allan B Caplan
- University of Idaho, Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Second University of Naples, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Cardinali
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Morais Cardoso
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Laura A Carleton
- National University of Ireland, Apoptosis Research Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - Cathleen R Carlin
- Case Western Reserve University, Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Silvia Carloni
- University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino, Italy
| | - Sven R Carlsson
- Umeå University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Leticia AM Carneiro
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Insititute of Microbiology, Department of Immunology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Ancona, Italy
| | - Serena Carra
- Universita' degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Modena, Italy
| | - Alice Carrier
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmette, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Bernadette Carroll
- Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Caty Casas
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institut de Neurociències, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuliana Cassinelli
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Susana Castro-Obregon
- Colonia Ciudad Universitaria, Neurodevelopment and Physiology Department, Neuroscience Division, Instituto de Fisiologia Celular, UNAM, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Gabriella Cavallini
- University of Pisa, Interdepartmental Research Centre on Biology and Pathology of Aging, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Cecconi
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit of Cell Stress and Survival (CSS), Copenhagen, Denmark
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Arthur I Cederbaum
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valentín Ceña
- CIBERNED, ISCIII, Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Simone Cenci
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Cerella
- Hôpital Kirchberg, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Luxembourg
| | - Davide Cervia
- University of Tuscia, Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), Viterbo, Italy
| | - Silvia Cetrullo
- University of Bologna, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Bologna, Italy
| | - Hassan Chaachouay
- University of Zürich, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Chonbuk National University, Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Chonbuk, Korea
| | - Andrei S Chagin
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Gopal Chakrabarti
- University of Calcutta, Department of Biotechnology, Dr.B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Kolkata, WB, India
| | - Georgios Chamilos
- University of Crete, School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Edmond YW Chan
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Matthew TV Chan
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Dhyan Chandra
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Pallavi Chandra
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Immunology Group, New Delhi, India
| | - Chih-Peng Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
- University of Hong Kong, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ta Yuan Chang
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Biochemistry, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - John C Chatham
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- University of South Carolina, Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Yongsheng Che
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing, China
| | | | - Rajkumar Cheluvappa
- University of New South Wales, Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Medical Research, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Gang Chen
- Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Department of Urology, Shanghai, China
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Guang-Chao Chen
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jeff W Chen
- University of California Irvine, Department of Neurosurgery, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Kang Chen
- Georgia Regents University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta, GA, USA
- Georgia Regents University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Dalian Medical University, Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian, China
| | - Mingzhou Chen
- Wuhan University, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Peiwen Chen
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Qi Chen
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Quan Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
| | - Shang-Der Chen
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Si Chen
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Steve S-L Chen
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei Chen
- Zhejiang University, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Jung Chen
- National Ilan University, Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, Yilan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen Qiang Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cardiology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- South China Normal University, College of Biophotonics, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
| | - Yau-Hung Chen
- Tamkang University, Department of Chemistry, Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- Tsinghua University, School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Chen
- University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yingyu Chen
- Peking University, Department of Immunology, Beijing, China
- Peking University, Health Science Center, Center for Human Disease Genomics, Beijing, China
| | - Yongshun Chen
- Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Qin Chen
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Third Military Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Fudan University, Cancer Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Zhejiang University, Deparment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Alan Cheng
- University of Louisville, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Christopher HK Cheng
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Hua Cheng
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Heesun Cheong
- National Cancer Center, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Sara Cherry
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Microbiology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason Chesney
- University of Louisville, Department of Medicine (Hem-Onc), Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Chun Hei Antonio Cheung
- National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Eric Chevet
- Université de Rennes-1, Oncogenesis, stress, Signaling” (OSS), ERL 440 INSERM, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugene Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Hsiang Cheng Chi
- Chang Gung University, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Gil Chi
- Korea University, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Fulvio Chiacchiera
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Hui-Ling Chiang
- Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Roberto Chiarelli
- University of Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Chiariello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Core Research Laboratory, Siena, Italy
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Siena, Italy
- Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena, Italy
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- National Institute of Gastoenterology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunopathology, Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Lih-Shen Chin
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mario Chiong
- Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Gigi NC Chiu
- National University of Singapore, Department of Pharmacy, Singapore
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- Kyung Hee University, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Konkuk University, Department of Animal Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - William C Cho
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Department of Clinical Oncology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- Catholic University of Korea, College of Pharmacy, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Young-Seok Cho
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Eui-Ju Choi
- Korea University, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Choi
- Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, Korea
- Hallym University, Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, Korea; and Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Laboratory of Cellular Aging and Neurodegeneration, Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jayoung Choi
- University of Chicago, Department of Pathology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mary E Choi
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seung-Il Choi
- Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Corneal Dystrophy Research Institute; and Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Vinay Choubey
- University of Tartu, Department of Pharmacology, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kuan-Chih Chow
- National Chung Hsing University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kamal Chowdhury
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Charleen T Chu
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Center for Neuroscience, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chuang
- National Health Research Institutes, Immunology Research Center, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Taehoon Chun
- Korea University, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyewon Chung
- Konkuk University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taijoon Chung
- Pusan National University, Department of Biological Sciences, Busan, Korea
| | - Yuen-Li Chung
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Yong-Joon Chwae
- Ajou University, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Valentina Cianfanelli
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roberto Ciarcia
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Naples, Italy
| | - Iwona A Ciechomska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Neurobiology Center, Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Mara Cirone
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Sofie Claerhout
- KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Center for Human Genetics; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael J Clague
- University of Liverpool, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Joan Clària
- University of Barcelona, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS-CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter GH Clarke
- University of Lausanne, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robert Clarke
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Oncology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Emilio Clementi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
- University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Università di Milano, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, National Research Council-Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, Milano, Italy
| | - Cédric Cleyrat
- University of New Mexico, Department of Pathology and Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Miriam Cnop
- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eliana M Coccia
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cocco
- University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro', Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Organs of Senses, Bari, Italy
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - Jörn Coers
- Duke University, Medical Center, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ezra EW Cohen
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Colecchia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Core Research Laboratory, Siena, Italy
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Siena, Italy
- Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena, Italy
| | - Luisa Coletto
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Núria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Emma Colucci-Guyon
- Institut Pasteur, CNRS, URA2578, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Département de Biologie du Développement et des Cellules Souches, Paris, France
| | - Sergio Comincini
- University of Pavia, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Condello
- Italian National Institute of Health, Department of Technology and Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Katherine L Cook
- Wake Forest University, Department of Surgery, Hypertension and Vascular Research Center, Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Graham H Coombs
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cynthia D Cooper
- Washington State University Vancouver, School of Molecular Biosciences, Vancouver, WA, USA
| | - J Mark Cooper
- University College London, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Coppens
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Malaria Research Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Marco Corazzari
- INMI-IRCCS “L. Spallanzani”, Rome, Italy
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramon Corbalan
- University of Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elisabeth Corcelle-Termeau
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mario D Cordero
- University of Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Oral Medicine Department, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Corral-Ramos
- Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Departamento de Genética, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Olga Corti
- INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR S1127, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Costelli
- University of Turin, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Turin, Italy
| | - Safia Costes
- University of California Los Angeles, Larry Hillblom Islet Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan L Cotman
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Oviedo University, Morphology and Cellular Biology Department, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sandra Cottet
- IRO, Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Sion, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Department of Ophthalmology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eduardo Couve
- Universidad de Valparaíso, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Lori R Covey
- Rutgers University, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - L Ashley Cowart
- Medical University of South Carolina, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jeffery S Cox
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fraser P Coxon
- University of Aberdeen, Division of Applied Medicine, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Carolyn B Coyne
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark S Cragg
- University of Southampton, Cancer Sciences, Southampton, UK
| | - Rolf J Craven
- University of Kentucky, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Jose L Crespo
- Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Valeria Crippa
- IRCCS, “C. Mondino” National Neurological Institute, Experimental Neurobiology Lab, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- University of Coimbra, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jose M Cuezva
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Taixing Cui
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Pedro R Cutillas
- Queen Mary University of London, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Mark J Czaja
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria F Czyzyk-Krzeska
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ruben K Dagda
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Uta Dahmen
- University Hospital Jena, Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Experimental Transplantation Surgery, Jena, Germany
| | - Chunsun Dai
- Nanjing Medical University, Center for Kidney Disease, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjie Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Harbin, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kevin N Dalby
- University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Guillaume Dalmasso
- Université d'Auvergne, M2iSH “Microbes, Intestine, Inflammation, Susceptibility of the Host”, UMR 1071 INSERM, Centre Biomédical de Recherche et Valorisation, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Markus Damme
- Christian Albrechts University, Institut für Biochemie, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud
- Université d'Auvergne, M2iSH “Microbes, Intestine, Inflammation, Susceptibility of the Host”, UMR 1071 INSERM, Centre Biomédical de Recherche et Valorisation, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Victor M Darley-Usmar
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Biplab Dasgupta
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Oncology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Srikanta Dash
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Crispin R Dass
- Curtin University, School of Pharmacy, Bentley, Australia
| | - Hazel Marie Davey
- Alberystwyth University, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Wales, UK
| | - Lester M Davids
- University of Cape Town, Redox Laboratory, Department of Human Biology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David Dávila
- Complutense University, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roger J Davis
- University of Massachusetts, Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences; Neuroregeneration Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Department of Neurology, Department of Physiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paula Daza
- University of Sevilla, Department of Cell Biology, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jackie de Belleroche
- Imperial College London, Neurogenetics Group, Division of Brain Sciences, London, UK
| | - Paul de Figueiredo
- Texas A&M University, Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
- Texas A&M University, The Norman Borlaug Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Luisa De Martino
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Guido RY De Meyer
- University of Antwerp, Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Angelo De Milito
- Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mauro De Santi
- University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino, Italy
| | - Wanderley de Souza
- Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- University of Pisa, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela De Zio
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jayanta Debnath
- University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jean-Paul Decuypere
- KU Leuven, Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Abdominal Transplantation, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shane Deegan
- National University of Ireland, Apoptosis Research Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - Benjamin Dehay
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Barbara Del Bello
- University of Siena, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Siena, Italy
| | - Dominic P Del Re
- Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Régis Delage-Mourroux
- Université de Franche-Comté, UFR Sciences et Techniques EA3922/SFR IBCT FED 4234, Estrogènes, Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central, Besançon, France
| | - Lea MD Delbridge
- University of Melbourne, Department of Physiology, Parkville, Australia
| | - Louise Deldicque
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institute of Neuroscience, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | | | - Joern Dengjel
- University of Freiburg, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Denizot
- University of La Réunion, CYROI, IRG Immunopathology and Infection Research Grouping, Reunion, France
| | - Paul Dent
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Channing J Der
- University of North Carolina, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Vojo Deretic
- University of New Mexico, Health Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Eric Deutsch
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM 1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris, France
| | - Timothy P Devarenne
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rodney J Devenish
- Monash University, Clayton Campus, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Nicola Di Daniele
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of System Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Simone Di Paola
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Pietro
- Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Departamento de Genética, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Livia Di Renzo
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Aaron DiAntonio
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Department of Developmental Biology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Santos Dumont, Santiago de Chile
| | - Ines Díaz-Laviada
- University of Alcala, Department of System Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria T Diaz-Meco
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Javier Diaz-Nido
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chad A Dickey
- University of South Florida, Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robert C Dickson
- University of Kentucky, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Marc Diederich
- Seoul National University, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Paul Digard
- University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, The Roslin Insitute, Midlothian, UK
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Goethe University School of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry II and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Savithrama P Dinesh-Kumar
- University of California Davis, Department of Plant Biology and the Genome Center, College of Biological Sciences, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Zufeng Ding
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Luciana Dini
- University of Salento, Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, Lecce, Italy
| | - Jörg HW Distler
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Washington University, School of Medicine, John Cochran VA Medical Center, Center for Cardiovascular Research, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Kostyantyn Dmytruk
- NAS of Ukraine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Renwick CJ Dobson
- University of Canterbury, Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Volker Doetsch
- Goethe University of Frankfurt, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karol Dokladny
- University of New Mexico, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Massimo Donadelli
- University of Verona, Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, Verona, Italy
| | - X Charlie Dong
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiaonan Dong
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Georgia Regents University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Terrence M Donohue
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelly S Doran
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology and Center for Microbial Sciences, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gabriella D'Orazi
- University “G. dAnnunzio”, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gerald W Dorn
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Victor Dosenko
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences Ukraine, General and Molecular Pathophysiology Department, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Sami Dridi
- University of Arkansas, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Liat Drucker
- Tel Aviv University, Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Lin Du
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihuan Du
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Department of Urology, Fuzhou, China
| | - André du Toit
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Priyamvada Dua
- Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Trauma, London, UK
| | - Lei Duan
- Rush University Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pu Duann
- Ohio State University, DHLRI, Department of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vikash Kumar Dubey
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Michael R Duchen
- University College London, UCL Consortium for Mitochondrial Research and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, London, UK
| | - Michel A Duchosal
- University Hospital of Lausanne, Service and Central Laboratory of Hematology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Helene Duez
- University Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Dugail
- INSERM UMRS 1166, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Verónica I Dumit
- Freiburg University, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Core Facility Proteomics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mara C Duncan
- University of Michigan, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elaine A Dunlop
- Cardiff University, Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - William A Dunn
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nicolas Dupont
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - Luc Dupuis
- INSERM U1118, Mécanismes Centraux et Périphétiques de la Neurodégénérescence, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, UMRS 1118, Strasbourg, France
| | - Raúl V Durán
- INSERM U916, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, Pessac, France
| | - Thomas M Durcan
- McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Duvezin-Caubet
- Université Bordeaux, CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Umamaheswar Duvvuri
- VA Pittsburgh Health System, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vinay Eapen
- Brandeis University, Department of Biology, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari
- Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Institut Pasteur, CNRS URA2582, Cell Biology and Infection Department, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Paris, France
| | - Leopold Eckhart
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Aimee L Edinger
- University of California Irvine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ludwig Eichinger
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Center for Biochemistry, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - N Tony Eissa
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Hematology/Oncology and Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Victoria El-Khoury
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Biological Chemistry, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hagit Eldar-Finkelman
- Tel Aviv University, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Enzo Emanuele
- University of Pavia, Department of Health Sciences, Pavia, Italy
| | - Urban Emmenegger
- University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nikolai Engedal
- University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Simone Engelender
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Ralf Erdmann
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, System Biochemistry, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Rajaraman Eri
- University of Tasmania, School of Health Sciences, Launceston, Tasmania
| | - Jason L Eriksen
- University of Houston, College of Pharmacy, Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andreja Erman
- University of Ljubljana, Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ricardo Escalante
- C.S.I.C./U.A.M., Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lucile Espert
- CNRS UM, Centre d'études d'agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé, Montpellier, France
| | - Lorena Esteban-Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas J Evans
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mario Fabri
- University of Cologne, Department of Dermatology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gemma Fabrias
- Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinzia Fabrizi
- Sapienza University of Rome, DAHFMO-Section of Anatomy, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Nils J Færgeman
- University of Southern Denmark, Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Odense, Denmark
| | - Alberto Faggioni
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - W Douglas Fairlie
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai, China
| | - Daping Fan
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jie Fan
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shengyun Fang
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manolis Fanto
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, IoPPN, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Fanzani
- University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Thomas Farkas
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathias Faure
- Université de Lyon, INSERM, U 1111, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Francois B Favier
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Howard Fearnhead
- National University of Ireland, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Galway, Ireland
| | - Massimo Federici
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Systems Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Erkang Fei
- Nanchang University, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Tania C Felizardo
- National Institutes of Health, Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hua Feng
- Third Military Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuchen Feng
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas A Ferguson
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Álvaro F Fernández
- Universidad de Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Jose C Fernandez-Checa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Barcelona, CSIC-IDIBAPS and Centro de Investigacion en Red en enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas, CIBEREHD, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Southern California, Research ALPD and Cirrhosis Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Martin E Fernandez-Zapico
- Mayo Clinic, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Olivier Feron
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elisabetta Ferraro
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Laboratory of Skeletal Muscle Development and Metabolism, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Ralph Feuer
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Eduardo C Filippi-Chiela
- Universidad Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Filomeni
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- University of Salento, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Lecce, Italy
| | - John H Fingert
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, Iowa City, IA, USA
- University of Iowa, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Steven Finkbeiner
- University of California San Francisco, Departments of Neurology and Physiology; Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Toren Finkel
- National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Filomena Fiorito
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Department of Chemistry, Portici (Naples), Italy
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Naples, Italy
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Flavio Flamigni
- University of Bologna, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Bologna, Italy
| | - Oliver Florey
- Babraham Institute, Signalling Program, Cambridge, UK
| | - Salvatore Florio
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Naples, Italy
| | - R Andres Floto
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marco Folini
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Follo
- Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Novara, Italy
| | - Edward A Fon
- McGill University, McGill Parkinson Program, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
- University of Pisa, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Fortunato
- University Clinic Heidelberg, Department of Experimental Surgery, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alessandro Fraldi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Arnaud Francois
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Pharmacy, Québec, Canada
- Université Laval, Neurosciences Axis, Québec, Canada
| | - Aurélie François
- Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Lisa B Frankel
- University of Copenhagen, Biotech Research and Innovative Center (BRIC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iain DC Fraser
- National Institutes of Health, NIAID, Laboratory of Systems Biology, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Norbert Frey
- University of Kiel, Department of Cardiology, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Christian Frezza
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Division of Liver Diseases, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Genomic Medicine Program, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dongxu Fu
- Queen's University of Belfast, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Belfast, UK
| | - José M Fuentes
- Universidad de Extremadura, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan Fueyo
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Neuro-Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yoshio Fujitani
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuki Fujiwara
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Fujiya
- Asahikawa Medical University, Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Tohoku University, Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Simone Fulda
- Goethe University, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Carmela Fusco
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Medical Genetics Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Bozena Gabryel
- Medical University of Silesia, Department of Pharmacology, Katowice, Poland
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Biochemistry, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philippe Gailly
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Malgorzata Gajewska
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sehamuddin Galadari
- Al Jalila Foundation Research Centre, Dubai, UAE
- UAE University, Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Gad Galili
- The Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Plant Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Inmaculada Galindo
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria F Galindo
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Unidad de Neuropsicofarmacología, Albacete, Spain
| | - Giovanna Galliciotti
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Neuropathology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Luca Galluzzi
- University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino, Italy
| | - Vincent Galy
- Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, UPMC, Univ Paris 06, UMR 7622, IBPS, Paris, France
| | - Noor Gammoh
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sam Gandy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Center for Cognitive Health, Mount Sinai Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, New York, NY, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Swamynathan Ganesan
- University of Adelaide, Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Laboratory, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ian G Ganley
- University of Dundee, MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, Dundee, UK
| | - Monique Gannagé
- University of Geneva, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- University of Massachusetts, Medical School, Department of Neurology, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- The Fourth Military Medical University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Xin Gao
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lorena García Nannig
- University of Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Marina Garcia-Macía
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Molecular Pharmacology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona IIBB-CSIC, Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona-IDIBAPS and CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Cell Death Research and Therapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pramod Kumar Garg
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Gastroenterology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ricardo Gargini
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nils Christian Gassen
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Translational Research in Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Damián Gatica
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Evelina Gatti
- Aix-Marseille Université, U2M, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR 7280, Marseille, France
- INSERM, U1104, Marseille, France
| | - Julie Gavard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes-Angers, CNRS UMR6299, INSERM U892, Nantes, France
| | - Evripidis Gavathiotis
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Biochemistry and of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Liang Ge
- University of California Berkeley, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Pengfei Ge
- First Hospital of Jilin University, Department of Neurosurgery, Changchun, China
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Po-Wu Gean
- National Cheng Kung University, Department of Pharmacology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Pascal Genschik
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Propre de Recherche, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lisa Gerner
- University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- University of Manitoba, Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Eric Ghigo
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD198, INSERM U1095, Medicine Faculty, Marseille, France
| | - Debabrata Ghosh
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anna Maria Giammarioli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- San Raffaele Institute, Dept. of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Sulmona, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Derrick J Gibbings
- University of Ottawa, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lara Gibellini
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, Modena, Italy
| | - Spencer B Gibson
- University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics and Immunology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Vanessa Ginet
- University of Lausanne, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Temple University, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Siena, Department of Medicine, Surgery & Neuroscience, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start-Up Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen E Girardin
- University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suzana Gispert
- Goethe University Medical School, Experimental Neurology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandy Giuliano
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Biomedical Department, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U1081, Nice, France
| | | | - Alvaro Glavic
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología, Centro de Regulación del Genoma, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martin Gleave
- University of British Columbia, Department of Urological Sciences,Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nelly Godefroy
- University of Montpellier, UMR 5554, Montpellier, France
| | - Robert M Gogal
- University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kuppan Gokulan
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicology Research, Division of Microbiology, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Gustavo H Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FCFRP, USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Delia Goletti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, Translational Research Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael S Goligorsky
- New York Medical College, Department of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Physiology, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- University of California Davis, Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ligia C Gomes
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hernando Gomez
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness (CRISMA) Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Rubén Gómez-Sánchez
- Universidad de Extremadura, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Dawit AP Gonçalves
- University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ebru Goncu
- Ege University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Qingqiu Gong
- Nankai University, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Céline Gongora
- IRCM, INSERM, U896, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Carlos B Gonzalez
- Universidad Austral de Chile, Department of Physiology, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Pedro Gonzalez-Alegre
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for Cell and Molecular Therapy, The Children Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pilar Gonzalez-Cabo
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
- Program in Rare and Genetic Diseases, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), IBV/CSIC Associated Unit at CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Ana González-Polo
- Universidad de Extremadura, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ing Swie Goping
- University of Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carlos Gorbea
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nikolai V Gorbunov
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesiology, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daphne R Goring
- University of Toronto, Department of Cell and Systems Biology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adrienne M Gorman
- National University of Ireland, Apoptosis Research Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sharon M Gorski
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Sandro Goruppi
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Charlestown, MA
| | | | - Cecilia Gotor
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Roberta A Gottlieb
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Illana Gozes
- Tel Aviv University, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yacine Graba
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IBDM, UMR 7288, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Martin Graef
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Giovanna E Granato
- Temple University, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gary Dean Grant
- Griffith University, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Australia
| | - Steven Grant
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Radiotherapy and Radiobiology, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael T Greenwood
- Royal Military College, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Benedetto Grimaldi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Frédéric Gros
- Université de Strasbourg/CNRS UPR3572, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Charles Grose
- University of Iowa, Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Groulx
- Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Cell Death and Survival Networks Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Florian Gruber
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, CD Lab - Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paolo Grumati
- Goethe University School of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry II and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Tilman Grune
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jun-Lin Guan
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Guerra
- University of Southern Denmark, Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Odense, Denmark
| | - Carlos Guillen
- Universidad Complutense, School of Pharmacy, Madrid, Spain; and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab olicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kailash Gulshan
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jan Gunst
- KU Leuven, Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Ming Guo
- UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wenjie Guo
- Jiangsu University, School of Pharmacy, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu-Guang Guo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Andrea A Gust
- University of Tübingen, Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Department of Plant Biochemistry, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Åsa B Gustafsson
- University of California San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elaine Gutierrez
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Ho-Shin Gwak
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Department of System Cancer Science, Goyang, Korea
| | - Albert Haas
- University of Bonn, Institute for Cell Biology, Bonn, Germany
| | - James E Haber
- Brandeis University, Department of Biology, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Shinji Hadano
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Monica Hagedorn
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David R Hahn
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- University of Manitoba, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Anne Hamacher-Brady
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Lysosomal Systems Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kozo Hamada
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ahmed Hamai
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Hamann
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Molecular Developmental Biology, Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany
| | - Maho Hamasaki
- Osaka University, Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isabelle Hamer
- University of Namur, Research Unit in Molecular Physiology (URPhyM), Namur, Belgium
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- University of Sharjah, College of Medicine, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ester M Hammond
- University of Oxford, CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Oxford, UK
| | - Feng Han
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemical Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - James T Handa
- Johns Hopkins, School of Medicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John A Hanover
- National Institutes of Health, NIDDK, LCMB, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Malene Hansen
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Masaru Harada
- University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | | | - J Wade Harper
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Cell Biology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department of Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Oxford University, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Oxford, UK
| | - James Harris
- Monash University, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Lupus Research Laboratory, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Udo Hasler
- University of Geneva, Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Peter Hasselblatt
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Medicine II, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kazuhisa Hasui
- Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Division of Human Pathology, Department of Oncology, Course of Advanced Therapeutics, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Robert G Hawley
- George Washington University, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Teresa S Hawley
- George Washington University, Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Congcong He
- Northwestern University, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cynthia Y He
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore
| | - Fengtian He
- Third Military Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing, China
| | - Gu He
- Sichuan University, West China Hospital, State Key Labortary of Biotherapy, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Jinan University, Anti-stress and Health Center, College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Hui He
- Jinan University, Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - You-Wen He
- Duke University, Medical Center, Department of Immunology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yu-Ying He
- University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joan K Heath
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Development and Cancer Division, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Marie-Josée Hébert
- Université de Montréal, Department of Medicine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert A Heinzen
- National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, Coxiella Pathogenesis Section, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Gudmundur Vignir Helgason
- University of Glasgow, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, MVLS, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael Hensel
- University of Osnabrueck, Division of Microbiology, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | | | - Chengtao Her
- Washington State University, School of Molecular Biosciences, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Paul K Herman
- Ohio State University, Department of Molecular Genetics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Agustín Hernández
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sonia Hernández-Tiedra
- Complutense University, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudio Hetz
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- University of Chile, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Program of Cellular, Molecular Biology and Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Katsumi Higaki
- Tottori University, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Yonago, Japan
| | - Sabine Hilfiker
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra, Granada, Spain
| | - Bradford G Hill
- University of Louisville, Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Joseph A Hill
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Medicine and Molecular Biology, Dallas, TX
| | - William D Hill
- Georgia Regents University, Department of Neurology, Augusta, GA, USA
- Georgia Regents University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Augusta, GA, USA
- Georgia Regents University, Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
- Georgia Regents University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Keisuke Hino
- Kawasaki Medical School, Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daniel Hofius
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paul Hofman
- University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, INSERM U1081, CNRS 7284, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France
| | - Günter U Höglinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Department of Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg Höhfeld
- University of Bonn, Institute for Cell Biology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marina K Holz
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yonggeun Hong
- Inje University, Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Biomedical Science & Engineering, u-Healthcare & Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Gimhae, Korea
| | - David A Hood
- York University, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeroen JM Hoozemans
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- University of Cologne, Institute for Genetics, CECAD Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Chin Hsu
- University of Kaohsiung Medical University, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yuan Hsu
- Chang Gung University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chung Hsu
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dong Hu
- Anhui University of Science and Technology, Department of Immunology and Medical Inspection, Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Guochang Hu
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hong-Ming Hu
- Providence Portland Medical Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hongbo Hu
- China Agricultural University, Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Chang Hu
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Zhuo-Wei Hu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Molecular Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Hua
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Molecular Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Hua
- University of Michigan, Neurosurgery, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Canhua Huang
- Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy; West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Huey-Lan Huang
- Chang Jung Christian University, Department of Bioscience Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-How Huang
- National Taiwan University, Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yang Huang
- Chang Gung University, Molecular Regulation and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Parasitology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shile Huang
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Shiqian Huang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Pang Huang
- National Taiwan University, Department of Life Science, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ran Huang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yunfei Huang
- Albany Medical College, Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Tobias B Huber
- Albert Ludwigs University, Renal Division, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Freiburg, Germany
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Huebbe
- University of Kiel, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel, Germany
| | - Won-Ki Huh
- Seoul National University, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juha J Hulmi
- University of Helsinki, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biology of Physical Activity, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - James H Hurley
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Zvenyslava Husak
- St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Immunological Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabah NA Hussain
- McGill University, Department of Critical Care, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University, Health Centre, Department of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Salik Hussain
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Clinical Research Program, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jung Jin Hwang
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungmin Hwang
- University of Chicago, Department of Pathology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas IS Hwang
- Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Department of Urology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Atsuhiro Ichihara
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Imai
- Juntendo University, Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Carol Imbriano
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Life Sciences, Modena, Italy
| | - Megumi Inomata
- Asahi University, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Microbiology, Division of Oral Infections and Health Sciences, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takeshi Into
- Asahi University, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Microbiology, Division of Oral Infections and Health Sciences, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Valentina Iovane
- University of Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Juan L Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmette, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nancy Y Ip
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Javier E Irazoqui
- Harvard Medical School, Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pablo Iribarren
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Harry Ischiropoulos
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Departments of Pediatrics and Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- University of Pittsburgh, Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mohammad Ishaq
- Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Cell Biology and Immunology Division, Chandigarh, India
| | - Hiroyuki Ishida
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Isao Ishii
- Keio University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jane E Ishmael
- Oregon State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Erika Isono
- Technische Universität München, Plant Systems Biology, Freising, Germany
| | | | - Koji Itahana
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Singapore
| | - Eisuke Itakura
- Chiba University, Department of Nanobiology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Andrei I Ivanov
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Anand Krishnan V Iyer
- Hampton University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - José M Izquierdo
- Centro de Biologia Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM/CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yotaro Izumi
- Saitama Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Saitama, Japan
| | - Valentina Izzo
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadia Jaber
- Stony Brook University, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - William T Jackson
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tony George Jacob
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, New Delhi, India
| | - Thomas S Jacques
- UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Chinnaswamy Jagannath
- University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashish Jain
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Byoung Kuk Jang
- Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Alkesh Jani
- University of Colorado, Denver; and Denver VAMC, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Bassam Janji
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Laboratory of Experimental Hemato-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Paulo Roberto Jannig
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and Sport, Cellular and Molecular Exercise Physiology Laboratory, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patric J Jansson
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Steve Jean
- Université de Sherbrooke, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Marina Jendrach
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neuropathology, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ju-Hong Jeon
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Niels Jessen
- Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Chungbuk National University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Kailiang Jia
- Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Lijun Jia
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Neuro-Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hongchi Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of General Surgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Life Science, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Teng Jiang
- Nanjing Medical University, Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- University of British Columbia, Medical Genetics, and BC Cancer Agency, Terry Fox Laboratory,Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Electron Microscopy Platform, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ying Jiang
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- New York University, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Wuhan, China
| | - Alberto Jiménez
- Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cheng Jin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lei Jin
- University of Newcastle, School of Medicine and Public Health, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Meiyan Jin
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shengkan Jin
- Rutgers University-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Pharmacology Department, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Umesh Kumar Jinwal
- University of South Florida, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Terje Johansen
- University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Molecular Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Gail VW Johnson
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - James D Johnson
- University of British Columbia, Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eric Jonasch
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chris Jones
- Institute of Cancer Research, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, London, UK
| | - Leo AB Joosten
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joaquin Jordan
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento Ciencias Medicas, Albacete, Spain
| | - Anna-Maria Joseph
- University of Florida, Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bertrand Joseph
- Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annie M Joubert
- University of Pretoria, Department of Physiology, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Fudan University, Department of Biosynthesis, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingfang Ju
- Stony Brook University, Department of Pathology, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Hsueh-Fen Juan
- National Taiwan University, Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Katrin Juenemann
- University of Amsterdam, Department of Cellbiology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hye Seung Jung
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae U Jung
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yong-Keun Jung
- Seoul National University, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Evelina's Children Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service, London, UK
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, IoPPN, London, UK
- King's College, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, London, UK
| | - Matthew J Justice
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Denver, CO, USA
- National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Barry Jutten
- Maastricht University, Maastricht Radiation Oncology (MaastRO) Lab, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nadeem O Kaakoush
- University of New South Wales, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Allen Kaasik
- University of Tartu, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tomohiro Kabuta
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Katarina Kågedal
- Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alon Kahana
- University of Michigan, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shingo Kajimura
- University of California San Francisco, UCSF Diabetes Center, Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Or Kakhlon
- Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Manjula Kalia
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Research Centre, Faridabad, India
| | - Dhan V Kalvakolanu
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yoshiaki Kamada
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Sokendai, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Konstantinos Kambas
- Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Vitaliy O Kaminskyy
- Karolinska Institute, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harm H Kampinga
- University of Groningen, Department of Cell Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mustapha Kandouz
- Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Chanhee Kang
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Genetics, Division of Genetics, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Surgery, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tae-Cheon Kang
- Hallym University, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kangwon-Do, Korea
| | - Tomotake Kanki
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Laboratory of Biosignaling, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Haruo Kanno
- Tohoku University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Iowa State University, Department of Biomedical Science, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxiclogy, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Marc Kantorow
- Florida Atlantic University, Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Orsolya Kapuy
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Md Razaul Karim
- University of Minnesota, Department of Neuroscience, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Jadavpur University, Life Science and Biotechnology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arthur Kaser
- University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susmita Kaushik
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Kawula
- University of North Carolina, Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Murat Kaynar
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Po-Yuan Ke
- Chang Gung University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Zun-Ji Ke
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Shanghai, China
| | - John H Kehrl
- National Institutes of Health, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kate E Keller
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jongsook Kim Kemper
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Anne K Kenworthy
- Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Andreas Kern
- Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Santosh Kesari
- John Wayne Cancer Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - David Kessel
- Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Robin Ketteler
- University College London, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, London, UK
| | - Isis do Carmo Kettelhut
- University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bilon Khambu
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Muzamil Majid Khan
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Sangeeta Khare
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicology Research, Division of Microbiology, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Juliann G Kiang
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Radiation Combined Injury Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy A Kiger
- University of California San Diego, Division of Biological Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Akio Kihara
- Hokkaido University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Arianna L Kim
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cheol Hyeon Kim
- Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science and Institute of Health Sciences, JinJu, Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eung Kweon Kim
- Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Corneal Dystrophy Research Institute; and Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Dong-A University, College of Medicine and Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Wonkwang University, Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk, Korea
| | | | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Advanced Education for Clinician-Scientists (AECS), Seoul, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Advanced Education for Clinician-Scientists (AECS), Seoul, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Woon Kim
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael D Kim
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Moon-Moo Kim
- Dong-Eui University, Department of Chemistry, Busan, Korea
| | - Peter K Kim
- University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Seong Who Kim
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Youl Kim
- National Cancer Center, Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yong-Sun Kim
- Hallym University, Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Yonghyun Kim
- University of Alabama, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Adi Kimchi
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alec C Kimmelman
- Harvard Medical School, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomonori Kimura
- University of New Mexico, Health Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jason S King
- University of Sheffield, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sheffield, UK
| | - Karla Kirkegaard
- Stanford University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Lorrie A Kirshenbaum
- University of Manitoba, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shuji Kishi
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Metabolism and Aging, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Yasuo Kitajima
- Tohoku University, Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Yasushi Kitaoka
- St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaio Kitazato
- Nagasaki University, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Rudolf A Kley
- Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Department of Neurology, Heimer Institute for Muscle Research, Bochum, Germany
| | - Walter T Klimecki
- University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Michael Klinkenberg
- Goethe University Medical School, Experimental Neurology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jochen Klucken
- University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helene Knævelsrud
- Université de Montréal, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Erwin Knecht
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Knuppertz
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Molecular Developmental Biology, Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany
| | - Jiunn-Liang Ko
- Chung-Shan Medical University, Institute of Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Satoru Kobayashi
- New York Institute of Technology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| | - Jan C Koch
- University Medicine Göttingen, Department of Neurology, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Koenig
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Young Ho Koh
- Hallym University, Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Katja Köhler
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sepp D Kohlwein
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Masato Koike
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Niigata University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Hee Jeong Kong
- National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI), Busan, Korea
| | - Eumorphia G Konstantakou
- University of Athens, Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Athens, Greece
| | - Benjamin T Kopp
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tamas Korcsmaros
- The Genome Analysis Centre (TGAC), Institute of Food Research, Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Norwich, UK
| | - Laura Korhonen
- Helsinki University, Central Hospital, Medical Faculty, Division of Child Psychiatry, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Viktor I Korolchuk
- Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nadya V Koshkina
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yanjun Kou
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore
| | | | - Constantinos Koumenis
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Attila L Kovács
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Werner J Kovacs
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Kanazawa Medical University, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Claudine Kraft
- University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Helmut Kramer
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Neuroscience, Dallas, TX
| | - Tamara Kravic-Stevovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Wilhelm Krek
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carole Kretz-Remy
- CNRS, UMR 5534, Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, Lyon France; and Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Roswitha Krick
- Georg-August-University Göttingen, Institute of Cellular Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Janos Kriston-Vizi
- University College London, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, London, UK
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
- Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- INSERM, Cordeliers Research Cancer, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Apoptosis, Cancer and Immunity Laboratory, Team 11, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer and Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Paris, France
| | - Michael C Kruer
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Department of Child Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Rejko Kruger
- University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine, Luxembourg
| | | | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Tokyo University of Science, Department of Applied Biological Science and Imaging Frontier Center, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Christian Kuhn
- University of Kiel, Department of Cardiology, Kiel, Germany
| | - Addanki Pratap Kumar
- University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Urology, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Anuj Kumar
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- University of the District of Columbia, Cancer Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Immunology Group, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- George Washington University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sharad Kumar
- University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mondira Kundu
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- National Health Research Institutes, Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, Miaoli, Taiwan
- University of California Davis, Cancer Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeff Kuret
- Ohio State University, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tino Kurz
- Linköping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Terry Kwok
- Monash University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Department of Microbiology, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Yong Tae Kwon
- Seoul National University, Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Irene Kyrmizi
- University of Crete, School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Albert R La Spada
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Neurosciences, and Pediatrics, Division of Biological Sciences Institute for Genomic Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Frank Lafont
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, Lille Regional University Hospital Centre, Lille University, Lille, France
| | - Tim Lahm
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Aparna Lakkaraju
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McPherson Eye Research Institute, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Truong Lam
- University of Texas, Medical School at Houston, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Trond Lamark
- University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Medical Biology, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Steve Lancel
- University Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Lille, France
| | - Terry H Landowski
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Darius JR Lane
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jon D Lane
- University of Bristol, School of Biochemistry, Bristol, UK
| | - Cinzia Lanzi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierre Lapaquette
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Agrosup Dijon, UMR PAM, Équipe Vin, Aliment, Microbiologie, Stress, Dijon, France
| | - Louis R Lapierre
- Brown University, Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Department of Translational Medecine, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
| | - Johanna Laukkarinen
- Tampere University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere, Finland
| | - Gordon W Laurie
- University of Virginia, Department of Cell Biology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, TX
| | - Lena Lavie
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Unit of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Matthew J LaVoie
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- Macau University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau, China
| | - Helen Ka-wai Law
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kelsey B Law
- University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Layfield
- University of Nottingham, School of Life Sciences, Nottingham, UK
| | - Pedro A Lazo
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laurent Le Cam
- ICM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM U896, Montpellier, France
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine G Le Roch
- University of California Riverside, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Université Paris Diderot, Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative - CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Sud, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | | | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, INSERM, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France
| | - Byung-Hoon Lee
- Seoul National University, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Che-Hsin Lee
- China Medical University, Department of Microbiology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Erinna F Lee
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- KAIST, Department of Biological Sciences, Daejon, Korea
| | - He-Jin Lee
- Konkuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- National Taiwan University, Department of Life Science and Center for Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jae Keun Lee
- Korea University, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongdae Lee
- University of California San Diego, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ju-hyun Lee
- New York University, Department of Psychiatry, New York NY; and Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Lee
- Incheon National University, Division of Life Siences, Incheon, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severans Biomedical Science Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Patty J Lee
- Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sam W Lee
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Charlestown, MA
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shiow-Ju Lee
- National Health Research Institutes, Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Stella Y Lee
- Kansas State University, Division of Biology, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | - Sung Sik Lee
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Biochemistry, Zurich, Switzerland
- ETH Zurich, ScopeM (Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sung-Joon Lee
- Korea University, Department of Biotechnology, BK21-PLUS Graduate School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunhee Lee
- Duke University, Department of Medicine, Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ying-Ray Lee
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Center for Translational Medicine, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Yong J Lee
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Young H Lee
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Urologic Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Sylvain Lefort
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Terry Fox Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Renaud Legouis
- Université Paris-Sud, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Jinzhi Lei
- Tsinghua University, Zhou Pei-Yuan Center for Applied Mathematics, Beijing, China
| | - Qun-Ying Lei
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - David A Leib
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Gil Leibowitz
- Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, Department of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Istvan Lekli
- University of Debrecen, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Stéphane D Lemaire
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | - John J Lemasters
- Medical University of South Carolina, Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Marius K Lemberg
- University of Heidelberg, Center for Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antoinette Lemoine
- Hôpital Paul Brousse - Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Biochimie et Oncogénétique, Villejuif, France
| | - Shuilong Leng
- Guangzhou Medical University, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guido Lenz
- Universidad Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paola Lenzi
- University of Pisa, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Julia I-Ju Leu
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Genetics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hing Y Leung
- University of Glasgow, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Beth Levine
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Patrick A Lewis
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, London, UK
- University of Reading, School of Pharmacy, Whiteknights, Reading, UK
| | | | - Chi Li
- University of Louisville, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Faqiang Li
- Washington University in St Louis, Department of Biology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Feng-Jun Li
- National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, Singapore
| | - Jun Li
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Li
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Min Li
- Hong Kong Baptist University, School of Chinese Medicine, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Min Li
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Division of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Rui Li
- McGill University, Department of Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sheng Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- Capital Medical University, Center for Medical Genetics, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotao Li
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumin Li
- Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors, Gansu, China
| | - Jiqin Lian
- Third Military Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengyu Liang
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qiangrong Liang
- New York Institute of Technology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| | - Yulin Liao
- Southern Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joana Liberal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pawel P Liberski
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Pearl Lie
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Andrew P Lieberman
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Kah-Leong Lim
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
- National University of Singapore, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Kyu Lim
- Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Cancer Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Raquel T Lima
- University of Porto, Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Chang-Shen Lin
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Sun Yat-Sen University, Department of Biological Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Feng Lin
- Taipei Medical University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang Lin
- Soochow University, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Su Zhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fangming Lin
- Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Pediatrics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fu-Cheng Lin
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kui Lin
- Genentech Inc., Department of Translational Oncology, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Chang Gung University, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hui Lin
- Ohio State University, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tianwei Lin
- Xiamen University, School of Life Sciences, Fujian, China
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- National Taiwan University, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- National Cheng Kung University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yong Lin
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Molecular Biology and Lung Cancer Program, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Rafael Linden
- UFRJ, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dan Lindholm
- University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lisa M Lindqvist
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, and University of Melbourne, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Lingor
- University of Göttingen, Department of Neurology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Marta M Lipinski
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vitor A Lira
- University of Iowa, Department of Health and Human Physiology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- University of Manchester, Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester Centre for Cellular Metabolism, UK
| | - Paloma B Liton
- Duke University, Department of Ophthalmology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bo Liu
- Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Second Military Medical University, Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Soochow University, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Institute of Neuroscience, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hung-Jen Liu
- National Chung Hsing University, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jianxun Liu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- University of California San Diego, Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jing-Lan Liu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Pathology, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ke Liu
- Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Leyuan Liu
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Macau University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau, China
| | - Quentin Liu
- Dalian Medical University, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian, China
| | - Rong-Yu Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Pulmonary, Anhui Geriatric Institute, Anhui, China
| | - Shiming Liu
- The Second Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Southern Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xian-De Liu
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiangguo Liu
- Shandong University, School of Life Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Nanjing University School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xueqin Liu
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yule Liu
- Tsinghua University, School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zexian Liu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Tianjin Medical University, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan P Liuzzi
- Florida International University, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Gérard Lizard
- University Bourgogne Franche Comté, EA 7270/INSERM, Dijon, France
| | - Mila Ljujic
- National University of Ireland, Apoptosis Research Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - Irfan J Lodhi
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susan E Logue
- National University of Ireland, Apoptosis Research Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - Bal L Lokeshwar
- Georgia Regents University, Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yun Chau Long
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Singapore
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Emory University, Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Benjamin Loos
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- Universidad de Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina López-Vicario
- University of Barcelona, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS-CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Lorente
- Complutense University, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Péter Lõrincz
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marek Los
- Medical University of Silesia, ENT Department, School of Medicine, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michael T Lotze
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Penny E Lovat
- Newcastle University, The Medical School, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Binfeng Lu
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bo Lu
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Department of Radiation Oncology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jiahong Lu
- University of Macau, State Key Lab of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Macao, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - She-Min Lu
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuyan Lu
- Pfizer Inc., Drug Safety Research and Development, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yingying Lu
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Shirley Luckhart
- University of California Davis, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Aurelia Lugea
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, VAGLAHS-UCLA, Pancreatic Research Group, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas W Lukacs
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Julian J Lum
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre; and University of Victoria, BC Cancer Agency; and Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Anders H Lund
- University of Copenhagen, Biotech Research and Innovative Center (BRIC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Honglin Luo
- University of British Columbia, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, James Hogg Research Centre,Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jia Luo
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Shouqing Luo
- Plymouth University, Peninsula School of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK
| | - Claudio Luparello
- University of Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Palermo, Italy
| | - Timothy Lyons
- Queen's University of Belfast, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Belfast, UK
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Ohio State University, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yi Ma
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of General Surgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhenyi Ma
- Tianjin Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin, China
| | - Juliano Machado
- University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glaucia M Machado-Santelli
- University of São Paulo, Institute of Biomedical Science, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Macian
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo C MacIntosh
- Iowa State University, Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jeffrey P MacKeigan
- Van Andel Research Institute, Laboratory of Systems Biology, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kay F Macleod
- University of Chicago, The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John D MacMicking
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lee Ann MacMillan-Crow
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Frank Madeo
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Temple University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry; and Center for Translational Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julio Madrigal-Matute
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Akiko Maeda
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Tatsuya Maeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gustavo Maegawa
- University of Florida, Department of Pediatrics/Genetics and Metabolism, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Emilia Maellaro
- University of Siena, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Siena, Italy
| | - Hannelore Maes
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Cell Death Research and Therapy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marta Magariños
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departamento de Biología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kenneth Maiese
- University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Tapas K Maiti
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Department of Biotechnology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Luigi Maiuri
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, European Institute for Research in Cystic Fibrosis, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Carl G Maki
- Rush University Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Roland Malli
- Medical University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Malorni
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- San Raffaele Institute, Dept. of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Sulmona, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alina Maloyan
- Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Na Man
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
- University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Joseph D Mancias
- Harvard Medical School, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva-Maria Mandelkow
- DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and CAESAR Research Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael A Mandell
- University of New Mexico, Health Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Serge N Manié
- UMR CNRS 5286, INSERM 1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Claudia Manzoni
- UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- University of Reading, School of Pharmacy, Reading, UK
| | - Kai Mao
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Molecular Biology; Department of Genetics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zixu Mao
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Neurology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Philippe Marambaud
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore LIJ Health System, Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Zvonimir Marelja
- Paris Descartes University–Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Gabriella Marfe
- Second University of Naples, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Naples, Italy
| | - Marta Margeta
- University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eva Margittai
- Semmelweis University, Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Muriel Mari
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Cell Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca V Mariani
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Concepcio Marin
- IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology and IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Guillermo Mariño
- University of Oviedo, Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Campus del Cristo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ivanka Markovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rebecca Marquez
- University of Kansas and University of Kansas Cancer Center, Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sascha Martens
- University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katie R Martin
- Van Andel Research Institute, Laboratory of Systems Biology, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Seamus J Martin
- Trinity College Dublin, Department of Genetics, The Smurfit Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shaun Martin
- KU Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Miguel A Martin-Acebes
- Centro de Biologia Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (UAM/CSIC), Department of Virology and Microbiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC/UAM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Wim Martinet
- University of Antwerp, Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Nuria Martinez-Lopez
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Moisés Martínez-Velázquez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, AC, Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Marta Martinez-Vicente
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute-CIBERNED, Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Waleska Kerllen Martins
- São Paulo University, Biochemistry Department; and Santo Amaro University, Life Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - James A Mastrianni
- University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- IRCCS-MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
- Università di Salerno, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paola Matarrese
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine, Evaluation Section of Cell Aging, Degeneration and Gender Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Mateo
- Stanford University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Satoaki Matoba
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Kobe University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuura
- Chiba University, Department of Nanobiology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsuzawa
- Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mark P Mattson
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Neurosciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Soledad Matus
- Neurounion Biomedical Foundation, Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- University of Chile, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile
| | - Norma Maugeri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Autoimmunity and Vascular Inflammation Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Caroline Mauvezin
- University of Minnesota, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andreas Mayer
- University of Lausanne, Department of Biochemistry, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Dusica Maysinger
- McGill University, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guillermo D Mazzolini
- Austral University-CONICET, Gene and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mary Kate McBrayer
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | | | - Craig McCormick
- Dalhousie University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Gerald M McInerney
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Skye C McIver
- University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sharon McKenna
- University College Cork, Cork Cancer Research Centre, BioSciences Institute, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - John J McMahon
- Duke University, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Iain A McNeish
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Jan Paul Medema
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Diego L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Klara Megyeri
- University of Szeged, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Szeged, Csongrád, Hungary
| | - Maryam Mehrpour
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Yide Mei
- University of Science and Technology of China, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Lifesciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ute-Christiane Meier
- Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Trauma, London, UK
| | - Alfred J Meijer
- University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alicia Meléndez
- City University of New York, Department of Biology, Queens College and The Graduate Center, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Gerry Melino
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Melino
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Chemistry, Rome, Italy
| | - Edesio Jose Tenorio de Melo
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Centro de Biociencias e Biotecnologia, Lab Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Setor de Toxicologia Celular, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria A Mena
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, CIBERNED, Neurobiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc D Meneghini
- University of Toronto, Department of Molecular Genetics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Regina Menezes
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Liesu Meng
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling-hua Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, Shanghai, China
| | - Songshu Meng
- Dalian Medical University, Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Rossella Menghini
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Systems Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - A Sue Menko
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sydney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rubem FS Menna-Barreto
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manoj B Menon
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Biochemistry, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marco A Meraz-Ríos
- Center of Investigation and Advanced Studies, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Medical Genetics Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Luciano Merlini
- Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli IOR-IRCCS, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelica M Merlot
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andreas Meryk
- University of Innsbruck, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefania Meschini
- Italian National Institute of Health, Department of Technology and Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Joel N Meyer
- Duke University, Nicholas School of the Environment, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Man-tian Mi
- Third Military Medical University, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Second Military Medical University, Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lucia Micale
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Medical Genetics Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Simon Michaeli
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR5004 CNRS/INRA/UM2/SupAgro, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Montpellier, France
| | - Carine Michiels
- University of Namur, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Namur, Belgium
| | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anastasia Susie Mihailidou
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Cardiovascular and Hormonal Research Laboratory, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney, Department of Cardiology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dalibor Mijaljica
- Monash University, Clayton Campus, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, Saitama, Japan
| | - Enrico Milan
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gordon B Mills
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Systems Biology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ian G Mills
- University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine (Norway), Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Department of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, UK
| | - Georgia Minakaki
- University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Berge A Minassian
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiu-Fen Ming
- University of Fribourg, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Farida Minibayeva
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - Elena A Minina
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Uppsala BioCenter, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Justine D Mintern
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Saverio Minucci
- University of Milan, Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology and Department of Biosciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Miranda-Vizuete
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Claire H Mitchell
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pharmacology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Keisuke Miyazawa
- Tokyo Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- University of Tokyo, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katarzyna Mnich
- National University of Ireland, Apoptosis Research Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - Baharia Mograbi
- INSERM U1081, CNRS UMR7284, Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Simin Mohseni
- Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | | | - Maurizio Molinari
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland, Università Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Buch Møller
- Aarhus University, Medical Research Laboratory, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bertrand Mollereau
- Université de Lyon, UMR 5239 CNRS, Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Faustino Mollinedo
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marco Mongillo
- University of Padova, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, Padova, Italy
| | - Martha M Monick
- University of Iowa, Department of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Serena Montagnaro
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Naples, Italy
| | - Craig Montell
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Darren J Moore
- Van Andel Institute, Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Michael N Moore
- University of Exeter Medical School, European Centre for Environment and Human Health (ECEHH), Truro, Cornwall, UK
| | | | - Paula I Moreira
- University of Coimbra, CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Etienne Morel
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | | | - Sandra Moreno
- University Roma Tre, Department of Science, LIME, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael J Morgan
- University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Arnaud Moris
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM U1135, CNRS ERL 8255, Center for Immunology and Microbial Infections – CIMI-Paris, Paris, France
| | - Yuji Moriyasu
- Saitama University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama, Japan
| | - Janna L Morrison
- University of South Australia, Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lynda A Morrison
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Physiology Department, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Moscat
- Sanford Burnham Prebys NCI-Cancer Center, Cell Death and Survival Networks Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pope L Moseley
- University of New Mexico, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Serge Mostowy
- Imperial College London, Section of Microbiology, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, London, UK
| | - Elisa Motori
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Denis Mottet
- University of Liege, GIGA-Signal Transduction Department, Protein Signalisation and Interaction Laboratory, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jeremy C Mottram
- University of York, Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, Hull York Medical School, York, UK
| | - Charbel E-H Moussa
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Neuroscience, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Vassiliki E Mpakou
- University of Athens, Medical School, Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute, Attikon University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Dermatology, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jean M Mulcahy Levy
- University of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sylviane Muller
- CNRS, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Raquel Muñoz-Moreno
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Cell Death Regulation Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Münz
- University of Zurich, Institute of Experimental Immunology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maureen E Murphy
- The Wistar Institute, Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James T Murray
- Trinity College Dublin, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aditya Murthy
- Genentech Inc., Department of Cancer Immunology, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Indira U Mysorekar
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Pathology and Immunology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ivan R Nabi
- University of British Columbia, Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Gustavo A Nader
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yukitoshi Nagahara
- Tokyo Denki University, Division of Life Science and Engineering, Hatoyama, Hiki-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nagai
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagata
- Kyoto Sangyo University, Department of Life Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anika Nagelkerke
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Department of Molecular Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Péter Nagy
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Samisubbu R Naidu
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sreejayan Nair
- University of Wyoming, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Hiroyasu Nakano
- Toho University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakatogawa
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Meera Nanjundan
- University of South Florida, Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gennaro Napolitano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Nardacci
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Derek P Narendra
- Harvard Medical School, Neurology Residency Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masashi Narita
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Chiara Nascimbeni
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - Ramesh Natarajan
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Luiz C Navegantes
- University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steffan T Nawrocki
- University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio, CTRC Institute for Drug Development, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Taras Y Nazarko
- University of California San Diego, Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Volodymyr Y Nazarko
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Deprtment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas Neill
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luca M Neri
- University of Ferrara, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Romana T Netea-Maier
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno M Neves
- University of Aveiro/QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paul A Ney
- New York Blood Center, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Hang TT Nguyen
- Université d'Auvergne, M2iSH “Microbes, Intestine, Inflammation, Susceptibility of the Host”, UMR 1071 INSERM, Centre Biomédical de Recherche et Valorisation, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Huu Phuc Nguyen
- University of Tübingen, Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Nicot
- INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Department of Translational Medecine, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
| | - Hilde Nilsen
- Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Nilsson
- Karolinska Institute, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Huddinge, Sweden
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mikio Nishimura
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mireia Niso-Santano
- Universidad de Extremadura, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Hua Niu
- Soochow University, Department of Pathogenic Biology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ralph A Nixon
- New York University, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Vincent CO Njar
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Chemistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Angelika A Noegel
- University of Cologne, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, Koeln, Germany
| | | | - Erik Norberg
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Koenraad K Norga
- University of Antwerp, Department of Paediatric Oncology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sakineh Kazemi Noureini
- Hakim Sabzevari University, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Shoji Notomi
- Harvard Medical School, Ophthalmology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucia Notterpek
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Karin Nowikovsky
- Medical University of Vienna, Internal Medicine I, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nobuyuki Nukina
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thorsten Nürnberger
- University of Tübingen, Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Department of Plant Biochemistry, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Tracey O'Donovan
- University College Cork, Cork Cancer Research Centre, BioSciences Institute, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Peter J O'Dwyer
- University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ina Oehme
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Clara L Oeste
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michinaga Ogawa
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Bacteriology I, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Besim Ogretmen
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Yuji Ogura
- St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Young J Oh
- Yonsei University, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Department of Systems Biology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Masaki Ohmuraya
- Kumamoto University, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohshima
- Tokushima Bunri University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Sanuki City, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Rani Ojha
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Department of Urology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiro Okazaki
- Kanazawa Medical University, Department of Medicine, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - F Javier Oliver
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Karin Ollinger
- Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Stefan Olsson
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Genetics and Microbiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel P Orban
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Paulina Ordonez
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Idil Orhon
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - Laszlo Orosz
- University of Szeged, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Szeged, Csongrád, Hungary
| | - Eyleen J O'Rourke
- University of Virginia, Departments of Biology and Cell Biology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Helena Orozco
- University of Valencia, Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, IATA-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- University of Valencia, Departamento de Biotecnología, IATA-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Angel L Ortega
- University of Valencia, Department of Physiology, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Ortona
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura D Osellame
- Monash University, Clayton Campus, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Junko Oshima
- University of Washington, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA
| | - Shigeru Oshima
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Heinz D Osiewacz
- Goethe University, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Molecular Developmental Biology, Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany
| | - Takanobu Otomo
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kinya Otsu
- King's College London, Cardiovascular Division, London, UK
| | - Jing-hsiung James Ou
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- University Medical Centre Göttingen, Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dong-yun Ouyang
- Jinan University, Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongjiao Ouyang
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Endodontics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Michelle A Ozbun
- University of New Mexico, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - P Hande Ozdinler
- Northwestern University, Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Consiglia Pacelli
- Université de Montréal, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Paolo Paganetti
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences NSI/EOC, Neurodegeneration Group, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland
| | - Guylène Page
- University of Poitiers, EA3808 Molecular Targets and Therapeutics in Alzheimer's Disease, Poitiers, France
| | - Gilles Pages
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U1081, Nice, France
| | - Ugo Pagnini
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Naples, Italy
| | - Beata Pajak
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Electron Microscopy Platform, Warsaw, Poland
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stephen C Pak
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Nazzy Pakpour
- University of California Davis, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Zdena Palková
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Kathrin Pallauf
- University of Kiel, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Marta Palmieri
- University of Verona, Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, Verona, Italy
| | - Søren R Paludan
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Camilla Palumbo
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Palumbo
- University of Pavia, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Pavia, Italy
| | - Olatz Pampliega
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hongming Pan
- Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Nanhai Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Theocharis Panaretakis
- Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aseem Pandey
- Texas A&M University, Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
- Texas A&M University, The Norman Borlaug Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Areti Pantazopoulou
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zuzana Papackova
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Department of Metabolism and Diabetes, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela L Papademetrio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Issidora Papassideri
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Athens, Greece
| | - Alessio Papini
- University of Florence, Department of Biology, Florence, Italy
| | - Nirmala Parajuli
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Julian Pardo
- IIS Aragon, Universidad de Zaragoza/Araid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vrajesh V Parekh
- Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Giancarlo Parenti
- Federico II University, Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Jong-In Park
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Biochemistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Junsoo Park
- Yonsei University, Division of Biological Science and Technology, Wonju, Korea
| | - Ohkmae K Park
- Korea University, Division of Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Roy Parker
- University of Colorado, HHMI, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rosanna Parlato
- University of Heidelberg, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Ulm, Institute of Applied Physiology, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katherine R Parzych
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jean-Max Pasquet
- Université Bordeaux Segalen, U1035 INSERM, Hématopoïèse Leucémique et Cibles Thérapeutiques, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Daniel Patschan
- University Hospital of Göttingen, Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cam Patterson
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sophie Pattingre
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, INSERM, U 1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Scott Pattison
- University of South Dakota, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Arnim Pause
- McGill University, Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hermann Pavenstädt
- University Hospital Muenster Albert-Schweitzer-Campus, Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, Münster, Germany
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology and IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Zully Pedrozo
- P Catholic University of Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando J Peña
- University of Extremadura, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Miguel A Peñalva
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Pende
- Université Paris Descartes, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, INSERM, U1151, Paris, France
| | - Jianxin Peng
- College of Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fabio Penna
- University of Turin, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Turin, Italy
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Pensalfini
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Salvatore Pepe
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gustavo JS Pereira
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo C Pereira
- University of Coimbra, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Diego Pérez-Rodríguez
- Universidad de León, Área de Biología Celular, Instituto de Biomedicina, León, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Celine Perier
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andras Perl
- State University of New York, College of Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Ida Perrotta
- University of Calabria, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Shazib Pervaiz
- Curtin University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Perth, Australia
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
- National University of Singapore, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Maija Pesonen
- University of Eastern Finland, Faculty of Health Science, School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jeffrey E Pessin
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Morten Petersen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Basil J Petrof
- McGill University, Health Centre Research Institute, Meakins Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Goran Petrovski
- Oslo University Hospital, Center for Eye Research, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo, Norway
- University of Szeged, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | - James M Phang
- NCI/CCR, Basic Research Laboratory, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Pierdominici
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Philippe Pierre
- Aix-Marseille Université, U2M, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR 7280, Marseille, France
- INSERM, U1104, Marseille, France
- University of Aveiro, Institute for Research in Biomedicine - iBiMED, Aveiro Health Sciences Program, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valérie Pierrefite-Carle
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, UMR E-4320TIRO-MATOs CEA/iBEB, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Federico Pietrocola
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Felipe X Pimentel-Muiños
- Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular del Cancer (IBMCC), Centro de Investigacion del Cancer, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mario Pinar
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benjamin Pineda
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Marcello Pinti
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Life Sciences, Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- University of Ferrara, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bilal Piperdi
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - James M Piret
- University of British Columbia, Michael Smith Laboratories, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Harald W Platta
- Ruhr University Bochum, Biochemie Intrazellulärer Transportprozesse, Bochum, Germany
| | - Edward D Plowey
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stefanie Pöggeler
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marc Poirot
- University of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Peter Polčic
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Milan, Italy
| | - Audrey H Poon
- McGill University, Health Centre Research Institute, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hana Popelka
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Blagovesta Popova
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Izabela Poprawa
- University of Silesia, Department of Animal Histology and Embryology, Katowice, Poland
| | - Shibu M Poulose
- USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Department of Neuroscience and Aging, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanna Poulton
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oxford, UK
| | - Scott K Powers
- University of Florida, Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ted Powers
- University of California Davis, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mercedes Pozuelo-Rubio
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Krisna Prak
- University College London, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, London, UK
| | - Reinhild Prange
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, University Medical Center, Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mark Prescott
- Monash University, Clayton Campus, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Muriel Priault
- Université Bordeaux Ségalen, Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sharon Prince
- University of Cape Town, Department of Human Biology, Cape Town, Western Province, South Africa
| | - Richard L Proia
- National Institutes of Health, NIDDK, Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tassula Proikas-Cezanne
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Technical University Munich, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Vasilis J Promponas
- University of Cyprus, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- National Institutes of Health, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Subbiah Pugazhenthi
- University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Medicine, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER Spanish Network for Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- ICREA Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Julien Puyal
- University Hospital Center, University of Lausanne, Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dohun Pyeon
- University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Xin Qi
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wen-bin Qian
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Soochow University, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmacology, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Structural Biology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ziwei Qu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore
| | - Joe Quadrilatero
- University of Waterloo, Department of Kinesiology, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frederick Quinn
- University of Georgia, Department of Infectious Diseases, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Nina Raben
- National Institutes of Health, NIAMS, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Rabinowich
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Flavia Radogna
- Hôpital Kirchberg, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Luxembourg
| | | | - Mohamed Rahmani
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- University of Colorado Denver, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sasanka Ramanadham
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology (CDIB), Comprehensive Diabetes Center (UCDC), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rajagopal Ramesh
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Pathology, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Abdelhaq Rami
- University Clinics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy (Anatomie 3), Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Felix Randow
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
- University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hai Rao
- University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Molecular Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - V Ashutosh Rao
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Blake B Rasmussen
- University of Texas, Medical Branch, Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Tobias M Rasse
- Heidelberg University, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Proteostasis in Neurodegenerative Disease (B180), CHS Research Group at CellNetworks, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou
- Hôpital Beaujon, Paris, France
- INSERM, U970, Paris, France
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Clichy, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Swapan K Ray
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Babak Razani
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruce H Reed
- University of Waterloo, Department of Biology, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Cell Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Rehm
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Translational Research in Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - David J Reiner
- Texas A&M University, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Reits
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jun Ren
- University of Wyoming, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Xingcong Ren
- Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Maurizio Renna
- University of Cambridge, Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jane EB Reusch
- Denver VAMC, Denver, CO, USA
- University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jose L Revuelta
- Universidal de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Departamento de Microbiologia y Genetica, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Leticia Reyes
- University of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alireza R Rezaie
- St. Louis University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert I Richards
- University of Adelaide, Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clémence Richetta
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM U1135, CNRS ERL 8255, Center for Immunology and Microbial Infections – CIMI-Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michael A Riehle
- University of Arizona, Department of Entomology, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Bertrand H Rihn
- Lorraine University, CITHéFOR EA3452, Faculté de Pharmacie, Nancy, France
| | - Yasuko Rikihisa
- Ohio State University, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Gerald Rimbach
- University of Kiel, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maria Rita Rippo
- Università Politecnica delle Marche, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Ancona, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Ritis
- Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Federica Rizzi
- University of Parma, Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, Parma, Italy
| | - Elizete Rizzo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Peter J Roach
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jeffrey Robbins
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michel Roberge
- University of British Columbia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Gabriela Roca
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Biozentrum, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria Carmela Roccheri
- University of Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Rocha
- University of Dundee, Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, UK
| | - Cecilia MP Rodrigues
- Universidade de Lisboa, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Clara I Rodríguez
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Santiago Rodriguez de Cordoba
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biological Research and Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodriguez-Muela
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeroen Roelofs
- Kansas State University, Division of Biology, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Vladimir V Rogov
- Goethe University of Frankfurt, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Troy T Rohn
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Bärbel Rohrer
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Ophthalmology, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Davide Romanelli
- University of Insubria, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Varese, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- University of Perugia, Department of Experimental Medicine, Perugia, Italy
| | - Patricia Silvia Romano
- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (FCM-UNCUYO), Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia (IHEM-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - M Isabel G Roncero
- Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Departamento de Genética, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Rosa
- Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Departament de Ciències Fisiol∫giques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Rosello
- Public Health England, Health Protection Services, Modelling and Economics Unit, Colindale, London, UK
| | - Kirill V Rosen
- Dalhousie University, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Dalhousie University, Department of Pediatrics, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- University of Kiel, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Kevin A Roth
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gael Roué
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hemato-oncology Department, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mustapha Rouis
- University Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR8256/INSERM U-1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Paris, France
| | - Kasper M Rouschop
- Maastricht University, Maastricht Radiation Oncology (MaastRO) Lab, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel T Ruan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Medical Genetics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diego Ruano
- Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edmund B Rucker
- University of Kentucky, Department of Biology, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Assaf Rudich
- Ben-Gurion University, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Emil Rudolf
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ruediger Rudolf
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Carmen Ruiz-Roldan
- Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Departamento de Genética, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Paola Rusmini
- Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Milan, Italy
| | - David W Russ
- Ohio University, Division of Physical Therapy, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, Avellino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Russo
- Temple University, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rossella Russo
- University of Calabria, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Tor Erik Rusten
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kevin M Ryan
- University of Glasgow, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stefan W Ryter
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David M Sabatini
- Whitehead Institute, HHMI and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael Sacher
- Concordia University, Department of Biology, Montreal, Canada
- McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Canada
| | - Carsten Sachse
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael N Sack
- National Institutes of Health, Cardiovascular Branch, NHLB, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Paul Saftig
- Christian Albrechts University, Institut für Biochemie, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ronit Sagi-Eisenberg
- Tel Aviv University, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sumit Sahni
- University of Sydney, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pothana Saikumar
- University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Pathology, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tsunenori Saito
- Nippon Medical School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Saitoh
- Tokushima University, Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Sakakura
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gunma, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhito Sakuraba
- Seoul National University, Department of Plant Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - María Salazar-Roa
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Cell Division and Cancer Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Salomoni
- UCL Cancer Institute, Samantha Dickson Brain Cancer Unit, London, UK
| | - Ashok K Saluja
- University of Minnesota, Department of Surgery, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul M Salvaterra
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Department of Neuroscience, Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Rosa Salvioli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Haematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Afshin Samali
- National University of Ireland, Apoptosis Research Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - Anthony MJ Sanchez
- Laboratoire Européen Performance Santé Altitude, EA 4604, University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Font-Romeu, France
| | - José A Sánchez-Alcázar
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sanchez-Prieto
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Albacete, Spain
| | - Marco Sandri
- University of Padova, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, Padova, Italy
| | - Miguel A Sanjuan
- MedImmune, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research Department, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Stefano Santaguida
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giorgio Santoni
- University of Camerino, School of Pharmacy, Section of Experimental Medicine, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Claudia Nunes dos Santos
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Shweta Saran
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, School of Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Marco Sardiello
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Graeme Sargent
- University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pallabi Sarkar
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Sovan Sarkar
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Minnie M Sarwal
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chihiro Sasakawa
- Chiba University, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motoko Sasaki
- Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miklos Sass
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ken Sato
- Gunma University, Laboratory of Molecular Traffic, Institute for Moleclualr and Cellular Regulation, Gunma, Japan
| | - Miyuki Sato
- Gunma University, Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Institute for Moleclualr and Cellular Regulation, Gunma, Japan
| | - Joseph Satriano
- University of California San Diego, Department of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Niramol Savaraj
- Miami VA Healthcare System and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Oncology/Hematology, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Liliana Schaefer
- Goethe University, Institue of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Michael Scharl
- University Hospital Zürich, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatolog, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hermann M Schatzl
- University of Calgary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Randy Schekman
- University of California Berkeley, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Wiep Scheper
- VU University, Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics and Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Genome Analysis, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- VU University, Departments of Functional Genomics and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alfonso Schiavi
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Rome, Italy
| | - Hyman M Schipper
- Jewish General Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hana Schmeisser
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Cytokine Biology Section, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jens Schmidt
- University Medical Centre Göttingen, Clinic for Neurology and Department of Neuroimmunology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Schmitz
- Systems-oriented Immunology and Inflammation Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - E Marion Schneider
- University Hospital Ulm, Sektion Experimentelle Anaestesiologie, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jaime L Schneider
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Eric A Schon
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Axel H Schönthal
- University of Southern California, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel F Schorderet
- IRO, Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Sion, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne, Department of Ophthalmology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Schröder
- Christian Albrechts University, Institut für Biochemie, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schuck
- Heidelberg University, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ryan J Schulze
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Biochemistry, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Melanie Schwarten
- Forschungszentrum Juelich, ICS-6/Structural Biochemistry, Juelich, Germany
| | - Thomas L Schwarz
- Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neuroscience Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
- University of Rome “Sapienza”, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Latina, Italy
| | - Kathleen Scotto
- Rutgers University-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - A Ivana Scovassi
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy
| | - Robert A Screaton
- Sunnybrook Research Institute; and University of Toronto, Department of Biochemistry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Screen
- Helsinki University, Department of Medical Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hugo Seca
- University of Porto, Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Simon Sedej
- Medical University of Graz, Division of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Segatori
- Rice University, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Houston, TX, USA
- Rice University, Department of BioSciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nava Segev
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Deprtment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Per O Seglen
- University of Oslo, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Juan Segura-Aguilar
- University of Chile, Faculty of Medicine, ICBM, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Iban Seiliez
- INRA, UR1067, Nutrion Métabolisme Aquaculture, St-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Christian Sell
- Drexel University, College of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Gregg L Semenza
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Institute for Cell Engineering and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Utpal Sen
- University of Louisville, Department of Physiology, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Andreas L Serra
- University of Zurich, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Serrano-Puebla
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Takao Setoguchi
- Kagoshima University, The Near-Future Locomoter Organ Medicine Creation Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Carmine Settembre
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute and Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - John J Shacka
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ayesha N Shajahan-Haq
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Oncology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- Thomas Jefferson University, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shweta Sharma
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Hua She
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - C-K James Shen
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Chyi Shen
- Hungkuang University, Department of Physical Therapy, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- National University of Singapore, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Sanbing Shen
- National University of Ireland, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Galway, Ireland
| | - Weili Shen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Soochow University, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Zu-Hang Sheng
- NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Synaptic Function Section, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Trevor G Shepherd
- Western University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London, ON, Canada
| | - Junyan Shi
- St. Paul's Hospital, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Qiang Shi
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Systems Biology, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Qinghua Shi
- University of Science and Technology of China, School of Life Sciences, and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuguang Shi
- Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shusaku Shibutani
- Yamaguchi University, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihiro Shidoji
- University of Nagasaki, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Human Health Science, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jeng-Jer Shieh
- National Chung-Hsing University, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chwen-Ming Shih
- Taipei Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yohta Shimada
- Jikei University School of Medicine, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Division of Gene Therapy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeomi Shimizu
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Medical Research Institute, Pathological Cell Biology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Amorepacific Corporation RandD Center, Bioscience Research Institute, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Duke University, Medical Center, Department of Immunology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michiko Shintani
- Kobe University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Pathology, Division of Medical Biophysics, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shintani
- Tohoku University, Laboratory of Bioindustrial Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shioi
- Kyoto University, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Kyushu University, Department of Surgery and Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ronit Shiri-Sverdlov
- Maastricht University, Medical Centre, NUTRIM, Department of Molecular Genetics, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Orian Shirihai
- Boston University, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gordon C Shore
- McGill University, Department of Biochemistry, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Deepak Shukla
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Departments of Ophthalmology and Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andriy A Sibirny
- National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Lviv, Ukraine
- University of Rzeszow, Institute of Cell Biology, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Valentina Sica
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | | | - Einar M Sigurdsson
- New York University School of Medicine, Departments of Neuroscience and Physiology, and Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Beata Sikorska
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wilian A Silveira
- University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gary A Silverman
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jan Simak
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Simmet
- Ulm University, Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Compounds and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Katharina Simon
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine and BRC Translational Immunology Lab, NDM, Oxford, UK
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- University of Bern, Institute of Pharmacology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cristiano Simone
- University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Division of Medical Genetics, DIMO, School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Matias Simons
- Paris Descartes University–Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Anne Simonsen
- University of Oslo, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rajat Singh
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shivendra V Singh
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shrawan K Singh
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Department of Urology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Debasish Sinha
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sangita Sinha
- North Dakota State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fargo, ND, USA
| | | | - Agnieszka Sirko
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kapil Sirohi
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Balindiwe JN Sishi
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Annie Sittler
- Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 6, Brain and Spine Institute, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR722, Paris, France
| | - Parco M Siu
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Efthimios Sivridis
- Democritus University of Thrace, Medical School, Department of Pathology, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Anna Skwarska
- Gdansk University of Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ruth Slack
- University of Ottawa, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iva Slaninová
- Masaryk University, Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikolai Slavov
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soraya S Smaili
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Duncan R Smith
- Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
| | | | - Scott A Soleimanpour
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Jin H Son
- Ewha W. University, Brain and Cognitive Sciences/Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Chunjuan Song
- Applied Genetic Technologies Corporation, Alachua, FL, USA
| | - Fuyong Song
- Shandong University, Department of Toxicology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Korea University, Division of Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-Xian Song
- Hong Kong Baptist University, School of Chinese Medicine, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Song
- Jewish General Hospital, Bloomfield Centre for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kai Y Soo
- La Trobe University, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anil K Sood
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Cancer Biology, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tuck Wah Soong
- National University of Singapore, Department of Physiology, Singapore
| | | | - Maurizio Sorice
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Sotgia
- University of Manchester, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - David R Soto-Pantoja
- Wake Forest University, Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Areechun Sotthibundhu
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Maria João Sousa
- University of Minho, Molecular and Environmental Biology Centre (CBMA)/Department of Biology, Braga, Portugal
| | - Herman P Spaink
- Leiden University, Institute of Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul N Span
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Spang
- University of Basel, Biozentrum, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janet D Sparks
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Peter G Speck
- Flinders University, School of Biological Sciences, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen A Spector
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Claudia D Spies
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Daret St Clair
- University of Kentucky, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille, INSERM UMR1011, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France
| | - Michael T Stang
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel T Starczynowski
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Petro Starokadomskyy
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, TX
| | - Clemens Steegborn
- University of Bayreuth, Department of Biochemistry, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - John W Steele
- University of California San Diego, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Athens, Attiki, Greece
| | - Joan Steffan
- University of California Irvine, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Christine M Stellrecht
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tomasz M Stepkowski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Dorodna, Poland
| | - Stęphan T Stern
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Craig Stevens
- Edinburgh Napier University, School of Life, Sport and Social Sciences, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Columbia University, Department of Biological Sciences, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia University, Department of Chemistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Veronika Stoka
- J. Stefan Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zuzana Storchova
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Group Maintenance of Genome Stability, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Björn Stork
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Dimitrios J Stravopodis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Athens, Greece
- University of Athens, Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Athens, Greece
| | - Pavel Strnad
- University Hospital Aachen, IZKF and Department of Internal Medicine III, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Marie Strohecker
- Ohio State University, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center. Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics and Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anna-Lena Ström
- Stockholm University, Department of Neurochemistry, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Stromhaug
- Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Jiri Stulik
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Biology, FMHS UO, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Yu-Xiong Su
- University of Hong Kong, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hong Kong
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Jiangsu University, Department of Immunology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Carlos S Subauste
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Carolyn M Sue
- University of Sydney, Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Sang Won Suh
- Hallym University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Xinbing Sui
- Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Supawadee Sukseree
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Sulzer
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fang-Lin Sun
- Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaren Sun
- University of Texas, Medical Branch, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shi-Yong Sun
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yang Sun
- Nanjing University, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Sun
- University of Michigan, Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Vinod Sundaramoorthy
- Macquarie University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joseph Sung
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Keio University, School of Medicine, Medical Education Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuninori Suzuki
- University of Tokyo, Bioimaging Center, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoki Suzuki
- Tohoku University, Department of Neurology, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tadashi Suzuki
- RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Glycometabolome Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuichiro J Suzuki
- Georgetown University, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michele S Swanson
- University of Michigan, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Karl Swärd
- Lund University, Biomedical Centre, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ghanshyam Swarup
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sean T Sweeney
- University of York, Department of Biology, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Paul W Sylvester
- University of Louisiana at Monroe, School of Pharmacy, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Szatmari
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva Szegezdi
- National University of Ireland, Apoptosis Research Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - Peter W Szlosarek
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts Cancer Institute, Center for Molecular Oncology, London, UK
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- University of Texas, Medical School at Houston, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marco Tafani
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Taillebourg
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CEA-DSV-iRTSV-BGE-GenandChem, INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
| | - Stephen WG Tait
- University of Glasgow, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Yoshinori Takahashi
- Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey Cancer Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Szabolcs Takáts
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Genzou Takemura
- Asahi University, Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Nagio Takigawa
- Kawasaki Medical School, Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Elena Tamagno
- University of Turin, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Turin, Italy
| | - Jerome Tamburini
- Université Paris Descartes, Institut Cochin, Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Qingdao University, Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Lan Tan
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Ming Tan
- University of South Alabama, Mitchell Cancer Institute, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Yee-Joo Tan
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore
- National University of Singapore, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanaka
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Basic Geriatrics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daolin Tang
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Surgery, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Guomei Tang
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Isei Tanida
- Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Tanji
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Bakhos A Tannous
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Neuroscience Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jose A Tapia
- University of Extremadura, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Tasset-Cuevas
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Marc Tatar
- Brown University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Iman Tavassoly
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- University of Crete, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- University of Crete, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Allen Taylor
- Tufts University, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Graham S Taylor
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Gregory A Taylor
- Duke University, Medical Center, Department of Immunology, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University, Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University, Medical Center, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Durham, NC, USA
- Durham VA Medical Center, GRECC, Durham, NC, USA
| | - J Paul Taylor
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Cell and Molecular Biology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mark J Taylor
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - Elena V Tchetina
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrew R Tee
- Cardiff University, Heath Park, Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Fatima Teixeira-Clerc
- INSERM U955, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, UMR-S955, Créteil, France
- Université Paris-Est, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Paris, France
| | - Sucheta Telang
- University of Louisville, Department of Medicine (Hem-Onc), Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Chulalongkorn University, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ba-Bie Teng
- University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, Center for Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ru-Jeng Teng
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Pediatrics, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Faraj Terro
- University of Limoges, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Limoges, France
| | - Gianluca Tettamanti
- University of Insubria, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Varese, Italy
| | - Arianne L Theiss
- Baylor University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - Anne E Theron
- University of Pretoria, Department of Physiology, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Kelly Jean Thomas
- Colorado Mesa University, Department of Biological Sciences, Grand Junction, CO, USA
| | - Marcos P Thomé
- Universidad Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paul G Thomes
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Andrew Thorburn
- University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jeremy Thorner
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Thum
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Thumm
- Georg-August-University Göttingen, Institute of Cellular Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Teresa LM Thurston
- Imperial College London, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, London, UK
| | - Ling Tian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Andreas Till
- University of Bonn, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Bonn, Germany
- University of California San Diego, San Diego Center for Systems Biology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jenny Pan-yun Ting
- University of North Carolina, Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- University of North Carolina, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Center for Translational Immunology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Lilach Toker
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychiatry,Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stefano Toldo
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Internal Medicine, VCU Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sharon A Tooze
- London Research Institute, Cancer Research UK, London, UK
| | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Jewish General Hospital, Department of Oncology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Lyngaas Torgersen
- Oslo University Hospital, Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Maria Rosaria Torrisi
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Cathy Tournier
- University of Manchester, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Leonardo H Travassos
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Laboratory of Immunoreceptors and Signaling, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gemma Triola
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Spanish Research Council (IQAC-CSIC), Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Durga Nand Tripathi
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniela Trisciuoglio
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Rome, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Troncoso
- Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad de Chile, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- University of Athens, Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Athens, Greece
| | - Anita C Truttmann
- University Hospital Center, University of Lausanne, Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kuen-Jer Tsai
- National Cheng Kung University, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mario P Tschan
- University of Bern, Division of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yi-Hsin Tseng
- Chang Gung University, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Takayuki Tsukuba
- Nagasaki University, Division of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Allan Tsung
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrey S Tsvetkov
- University of Texas, Medical School at Houston, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shuiping Tu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hsing-Yu Tuan
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Marco Tucci
- University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro', Department of Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Oncology, Bari, Italy
| | - David A Tumbarello
- University of Southampton, Centre for Biological Sciences, Highfield Campus, Southampton, UK
| | - Boris Turk
- J. Stefan Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vito Turk
- J. Stefan Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robin FB Turner
- University of British Columbia, Michael Smith Laboratories, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anders A Tveita
- Oslo University Hospital, Centre for Immune Regulation, Oslo, Norway
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Makoto Ubukata
- Hokkaido University, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchiyama
- Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrej Udelnow
- Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Takashi Ueno
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Midori Umekawa
- Ritsumeikan University, Department of Biotechnology, Shiga, Japan
| | - Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | | | - Rodrigo P. Ureshino
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ryo Ushioda
- Kyoto Sangyo University, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- University of South Florida, Department of Molecular Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Néstor L Uzcátegui
- Central University of Venezuela, Institute for Anatomy, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Thomas Vaccari
- IFOM - The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria I Vaccaro
- University of Buenos Aires, National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Libuše Váchová
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Rut Valdor
- University of Murcia-IMIB Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital, Human Anatomy and Psycobiology Department, Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplantation Unit, Murcia, Spain
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- University of Salerno, Section of Neurosciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francois Vallette
- Université de Nantes, CRCNA, UMRINSERM 892/CNRS 6299, Nantes, France
| | - Angela M Valverde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Greet Van den Berghe
- KU Leuven, Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven and VIB, Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gijs R van den Brink
- Academic Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F Gisou van der Goot
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ida J van der Klei
- University of Groningen, Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc JW van der Laan
- Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Surgery, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter G van Doorn
- University of California Davis, Mann Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marjolein van Egmond
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth L van Golen
- The Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE, USA
- University of Delaware, Department of Biological Sciences, Newark, DE, USA
- University of Delaware, The Center for Translational Cancer Research, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Luc Van Kaer
- Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Ghent University, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Methusalem Program, Gent, Belgium
| | - Wim Vandenberghe
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
- University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilse Vanhorebeek
- KU Leuven, Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabel Varela-Nieto
- CSIC-UAM and CIBERER, Institute for Biomedical Research “Alberto Sols”, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Helena Vasconcelos
- University of Porto, Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Radovan Vasko
- Georg-August-University Göttingen, Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- University of Coimbra, CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Complutense University, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Athanassios D Velentzas
- University of Athens, Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis D Velentzas
- University of Massachusetts, Medical School, Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Tibor Vellai
- Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Genetics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edo Vellenga
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Hematology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mikkel Holm Vendelbo
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kartik Venkatachalam
- University of Texas, Health Sciences Center-Houston (UTHSC), Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Natascia Ventura
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Salvador Ventura
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Patrícia ST Veras
- Gonçalo Moniz Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ-BA, Laboratory of Pathology and Biointervention, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Mireille Verdier
- Université de Limoges, EA 3842, LHCP, Faculté de Médecine, Limoges, France
| | - Beata G Vertessy
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Institute of Enzymology, RCNC, HAS and Department of Applied Biotechnology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Viale
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Genomic Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michel Vidal
- University Montpellier, UMR5235, Montpellier, France
| | - Helena LA Vieira
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Richard D Vierstra
- Washington University in St Louis, Department of Biology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nadarajah Vigneswaran
- University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neeraj Vij
- Central Michigan University, College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Miquel Vila
- Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute-CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Villar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Victor H Villar
- INSERM U916, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, Pessac, France
| | - Joan Villarroya
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Cécile Vindis
- University of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1048, Toulouse, France
| | - Giampietro Viola
- University of Padova, Department of Woman's and Child's Health, Laboratory of Oncohematology, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Vitale
- University of Milan, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Dan T Vogl
- University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Olga V Voitsekhovskaja
- Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Plant Ecological Physiology Laboratory, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Clarissa von Haefen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Daniel E Voth
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Kristina Vuori
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jatin M Vyas
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Infectious Disease, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Waeber
- University College Cork, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cheryl Lyn Walker
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark J Walker
- University of Queensland, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre and School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jochen Walter
- University of Bonn, Department of Neurology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lei Wan
- Asia University, Department of Biotechnology, Taichung, Taiwan
- China Medical University, School of Chinese Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiangbo Wan
- Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Gastrointestinal Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Pathology and Immunology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chao-Yung Wang
- Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chengshu Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenran Wang
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chuangui Wang
- East China Normal University, School of Life Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Harbin Medical University, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fuxin Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Soochow University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-jie Wang
- Shanghai Medical School of Fudan University, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- North Shore University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Hongmin Wang
- University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Horng-Dar Wang
- National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Biotechnology, Institute of Systems Neuroscience, and Department of Life Science, HsinChu City, Taiwan
| | - Jing Wang
- University Montpellier 1, INSERM U1051, Montpellier, France
| | - Junjun Wang
- China Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Singapore
| | - Mei-Qing Wang
- Fourth Military Medical University, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, College of Stomatology, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei-Yu Wang
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peng Wang
- Fudan University, Cancer Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Richard C Wang
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Department of Dermatology, Dallas, TX
| | - Shuo Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Fang Wang
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xian Wang
- Sir Runrun Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-jia Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Zhejiang University, Institute of Insect Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurosurgery, Boston MA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Tsinghua University, School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Eukaryotic Gene Regulation, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- National Cheng Kung University, Medical College, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yipeng Wang
- DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and CAESAR Research Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yu Wang
- University of Hong Kong, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Tian Wang
- University of British Columbia, Department of Medicine and Brain Research Center,Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yuqing Wang
- University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhi-Nong Wang
- Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Carl Ward
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Biomedical Research, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Diane McVey Ward
- University of Utah, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Gary Warnes
- Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Institute, Flow Cytometry Core Facility, London, UK
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Watanabe
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Basic Geriatrics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Watase
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Center for Brain Integration Research, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Timothy E Weaver
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Colin D Weekes
- University of Colorado Denver, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jiwu Wei
- Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Thomas Weide
- University Hospital of Muenster, Department of Internal Medicine D, Molecular Nephrology, Muenster, Germany
| | - Conrad C Weihl
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Günther Weindl
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology and Toxicology), Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Nardin Weis
- Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Longping Wen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Wen
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yunfei Wen
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Cancer Biology, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Anthony R White
- University of Melbourne, Department of Pathology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eileen White
- Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - J Lindsay Whitton
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Joëlle Wiels
- Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 8126CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Franziska Wild
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manon E Wildenberg
- Academic Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Wileman
- University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School, Norfolk, UK
| | | | - Simon Wilkinson
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Forschungszentrum Juelich, ICS-6/Structural Biochemistry, Juelich, Germany
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Chris Williams
- Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katherine Williams
- US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicology Research, Division of Microbiology, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Peter R Williamson
- National Institutes of Health, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Konstanze F Winklhofer
- Ruhr University Bochum, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Bochum, Germany
| | - Steven S Witkin
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie E Wohlgemuth
- University of Florida, Department of Animal Sciences, IFAS/College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas Wollert
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Membrane and Organelle Biology, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ernst J Wolvetang
- University of Queensland, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Esther Wong
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, Singapore
| | - G William Wong
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard W Wong
- Kanazawa University, Cell-bionomics Unit and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Systems, Institute of Science and Engineering, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Macau University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau, China
| | - Elizabeth A Woodcock
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen L Wright
- Lancaster University, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster, UK
| | - Chunlai Wu
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Neuroscience Center of Excellence, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Defeng Wu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gen Sheng Wu
- Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jian Wu
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfang Wu
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), National Study Center for Trauma and EMS, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mian Wu
- University of Science and Technology of China, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Min Wu
- University of North Dakota, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Shengzhou Wu
- Wenzhou Medical University, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - William KK Wu
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hong Kong
| | - Yaohua Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- China Agricultural University, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Beijing, China
| | - Cristina PR Xavier
- University of Porto, Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Gui-Xian Xia
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Xia
- University of California Los Angeles, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Weiliang Xia
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Xia
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hengyi Xiao
- Sichuan University, Aging Research Group, State Key Lab for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Second Military Medical University, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Xiao
- Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuhan Xiao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chuan-Ming Xie
- University of Michigan, Department of Radiation Oncology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhiping Xie
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglin Xie
- University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, Section of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Maria Xilouri
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- University of Fribourg, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Congfeng Xu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Fudan University, Department of Neurosugery, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoxing Xu
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Harbin Medical University, Department of Immunology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Xu
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jianzhen Xu
- Shantou University Medical College, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou, China
| | - Jinxian Xu
- Georgia Regents University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta, GA, USA
- Georgia Regents University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Liang Xu
- University of Kansas and University of Kansas Cancer Center, Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | | | - Yangqing Xu
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Cell Biology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ye Xu
- Jilin Medical University, Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ziheng Xu
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yu Xue
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ai Yamamoto
- Columbia University, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Koji Yamanaka
- Nagoya University, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shunhei Yamashina
- Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeko Yamashiro
- Rutgers University, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Bing Yan
- Shandong University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Jining Medical University, Shandong Provincial Sino-US Cooperation Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Xianghua Yan
- Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Yan
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yasuo Yanagi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore
| | - Dun-Sheng Yang
- New York University Langone Medical Center, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Jin-Ming Yang
- Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Liu Yang
- The Fourth Military Medical University, Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Minghua Yang
- Central South University, Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pei-Ming Yang
- Taipei Medical University, Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peixin Yang
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qian Yang
- The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wannian Yang
- Geisinger Clinic, Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Wei Yuan Yang
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Jinan University, Medical College, Division of Histology and Embryology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifen Yang
- Stanford University, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhihong Yang
- University of Fribourg, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Meng-Chao Yao
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pamela J Yao
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Biomedical Research Center, Laboratory of Neurosciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Yao
- Dalian Medical University, Department of Environmental and Occupational Hygiene, Dalian, China
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yao
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Linda S Yasui
- Northern Illinois University, Department of Biological Sciences, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Mingxiang Ye
- Fourth Military Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Behzad Yeganeh
- University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elizabeth S Yeh
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Fan Yi
- Shandong University, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Long Yi
- Third Military Medical University, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Calvin K Yip
- University of British Columbia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yeong-Min Yoo
- Yonsei University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Yoo
- Dong-A University, College of Medicine and Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Yoon
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Department of Brain Science, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Osaka University, Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken H Young
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Hematopathology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huixin Yu
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jane J Yu
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Qingdao University, Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Hong Kong
| | - Li Yu
- Tsinghua University, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Beijing, China
| | - W Haung Yu
- Columbia University, Taub Institute for Alzheimer's Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Fang Yu
- First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Third Military Medical University, Department of Occupational Health, Chongqing, China
| | - Junying Yuan
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Cell Biology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhi-Min Yuan
- Harvard University, School of Public Health, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beatrice YJT Yue
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jianbo Yue
- City University of Hong Kong, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - David N Zacks
- University of Michigan, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Toronto General Research Institute - University Health Network, Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Tania Zaglia
- University of Padova, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, Padova, Italy
| | - Zahra Zakeri
- Queens College of the City University of New York, Department of Biology, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Vincent Zecchini
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jinsheng Zeng
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zeng
- The People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Medical Care Center, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore
| | - Antonis S Zervos
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Donna D Zhang
- University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Vancouver Prostate Centre,Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Guo Zhang
- The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guo-Chang Zhang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Shantou University Medical College, Cancer Research Center, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, State Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Peking University First Hospital, Renal Division, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Fourth Military Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Fourth Military Medical University, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jing-pu Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Long Zhang
- Zhejiang University, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming-Yong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangnan Zhang
- Fudan University, Cancer Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- University of Newcastle, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Science, Tai'an, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- University of Houston, College of Pharmacy, Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yanjin Zhang
- University of Maryland, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- University of Wyoming, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA
- Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunjiao Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Center, Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei-Li Zhao
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics; Shanghai Institute of Hematology; Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan G Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Peking University, Health Science Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- University of Michigan, Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yu-xia Zhao
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhendong Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhuang J Zhao
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Pathology, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Dexian Zheng
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- University of Calgary, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Xiaoxiang Zheng
- Zhejiang University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Qing Zhong
- University of Texas, Department of Biochemistry, Dallas, TX, USA
- University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Guang-Zhou Zhou
- Henan University of Technology, College of Bioengineering, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Guofei Zhou
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- University of South Florida, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xu-jie Zhou
- Peking University First Hospital, Renal Division, Beijing, China
- Peking University, Department of Medicine, Beijing, China
- Peking University, Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxin Zhu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Ohio State University, Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Peking University, Health Science Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Zhu
- China Agricultural University, College of Animal Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Mei Zhuang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhuang
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of Life Science, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Elio Ziparo
- Sapienza University of Rome, DAHFMO-Section of Histology, Rome, Italy
| | - Christos E Zois
- Oxford University, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Oxford, UK
| | - Teresa Zoladek
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wei-Xing Zong
- Stony Brook University, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susu M Zughaier
- Emory University, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Tracy K, Velentzas PD, Baehrecke EH. Ral GTPase and the exocyst regulate autophagy in a tissue-specific manner. EMBO Rep 2015; 17:110-21. [PMID: 26598552 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201541283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy traffics cellular components to the lysosome for degradation. Ral GTPase and the exocyst have been implicated in the regulation of stress-induced autophagy, but it is unclear whether they are global regulators of this process. Here, we investigate Ral function in different cellular contexts in Drosophila and find that it is required for autophagy during developmentally regulated cell death in salivary glands, but does not affect starvation-induced autophagy in the fat body. Furthermore, knockdown of exocyst subunits has a similar effect, preventing autophagy in dying cells but not in cells of starved animals. Notch activity is elevated in dying salivary glands, this change in Notch signaling is influenced by Ral, and decreased Notch function influences autophagy. These data indicate that Ral and the exocyst regulate autophagy in a context-dependent manner, and that in dying salivary glands, Ral mediates autophagy, at least in part, by regulation of Notch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Tracy
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Panagiotis D Velentzas
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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31
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Zhang H, Baehrecke EH. Eaten alive: novel insights into autophagy from multicellular model systems. Trends Cell Biol 2015; 25:376-87. [PMID: 25862458 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy delivers cytoplasmic material to lysosomes for degradation. First identified in yeast, the core genes that control this process are conserved in higher organisms. Studies of mammalian cell cultures have expanded our understanding of the core autophagy pathway, but cannot reveal the unique animal-specific mechanisms for the regulation and function of autophagy. Multicellular organisms have different types of cells that possess distinct composition, morphology, and organization of intracellular organelles. In addition, the autophagic machinery integrates signals from other cells and environmental conditions to maintain cell, tissue and organism homeostasis. Here, we highlight how studies of autophagy in flies and worms have identified novel core autophagy genes and mechanisms, and provided insight into the context-specific regulation and function of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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32
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Galluzzi L, Pietrocola F, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Amaravadi RK, Baehrecke EH, Cecconi F, Codogno P, Debnath J, Gewirtz DA, Karantza V, Kimmelman A, Kumar S, Levine B, Maiuri MC, Martin SJ, Penninger J, Piacentini M, Rubinsztein DC, Simon HU, Simonsen A, Thorburn AM, Velasco G, Ryan KM, Kroemer G. Autophagy in malignant transformation and cancer progression. EMBO J 2015; 34:856-80. [PMID: 25712477 PMCID: PMC4388596 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201490784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 892] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a key role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. In healthy cells, such a homeostatic activity constitutes a robust barrier against malignant transformation. Accordingly, many oncoproteins inhibit, and several oncosuppressor proteins promote, autophagy. Moreover, autophagy is required for optimal anticancer immunosurveillance. In neoplastic cells, however, autophagic responses constitute a means to cope with intracellular and environmental stress, thus favoring tumor progression. This implies that at least in some cases, oncogenesis proceeds along with a temporary inhibition of autophagy or a gain of molecular functions that antagonize its oncosuppressive activity. Here, we discuss the differential impact of autophagy on distinct phases of tumorigenesis and the implications of this concept for the use of autophagy modulators in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France INSERM U1138, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Federico Pietrocola
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France INSERM U1138, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France INSERM U1138, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia and Department of Biology University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), Paris, France INSERM U1151, Paris, France CNRS UMR8253, Paris, France
| | - Jayanta Debnath
- Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond Virginia, VA, USA
| | | | - Alec Kimmelman
- Division of Genomic Stability and DNA Repair, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Beth Levine
- Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France INSERM U1138, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Seamus J Martin
- Department of Genetics, Trinity College, The Smurfit Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Josef Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', Rome, Italy
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne Simonsen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew M Thorburn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France INSERM U1138, Paris, France Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
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33
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Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular catabolic process that is used by all cells to degrade dysfunctional or unnecessary cytoplasmic components through delivery to the lysosome. Increasing evidence reveals that autophagic dysfunction is associated with human diseases, such as cancer. Paradoxically, although autophagy is well recognized as a cell survival process that promotes tumor development, it can also participate in a caspase-independent form of programmed cell death. Induction of autophagic cell death by some anticancer agents highlights the potential of this process as a cancer treatment modality. Here, we review our current understanding of the molecular mechanism of autophagy and the potential roles of autophagy in cell death, cancer development, and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology; University of Massachusetts Medical School ; Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Cancer Biology; University of Massachusetts Medical School ; Worcester, MA, USA
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34
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Abstract
Macro-autophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) delivers cytoplasmic material to the lysosome for degradation, and has been implicated in many cellular processes, including stress, infection, survival and death. Although the regulation and role of autophagy in stress, infection and survival is apparent, its involvement during cell death remains relatively unclear. In this review, we highlight what is known about the role that autophagy can play during physiological cell death, and discuss the implications of better understanding cellular destruction that involves autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Nelson
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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35
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Nelson C, Ambros V, Baehrecke EH. miR-14 regulates autophagy during developmental cell death by targeting ip3-kinase 2. Mol Cell 2014; 56:376-388. [PMID: 25306920 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy) is a lysosome-dependent degradation process that has been implicated in age-associated diseases. Autophagy is involved in both cell survival and cell death, but little is known about the mechanisms that distinguish its use during these distinct cell fates. Here, we identify the microRNA miR-14 as being both necessary and sufficient for autophagy during developmentally regulated cell death in Drosophila. Loss of miR-14 prevented induction of autophagy during salivary gland cell death, but had no effect on starvation-induced autophagy in the fat body. Moreover, misexpression of miR-14 was sufficient to prematurely induce autophagy in salivary glands, but not in the fat body. Importantly, miR-14 regulates this context-specific autophagy through its target, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate kinase 2 (ip3k2), thereby affecting inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) signaling and calcium levels during salivary gland cell death. This study provides in vivo evidence of microRNA regulation of autophagy through modulation of IP3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Nelson
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Victor Ambros
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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36
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Galluzzi L, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Vitale I, Aaronson SA, Abrams JM, Adam D, Alnemri ES, Altucci L, Andrews D, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Baehrecke EH, Bazan NG, Bertrand MJ, Bianchi K, Blagosklonny MV, Blomgren K, Borner C, Bredesen DE, Brenner C, Campanella M, Candi E, Cecconi F, Chan FK, Chandel NS, Cheng EH, Chipuk JE, Cidlowski JA, Ciechanover A, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, De Laurenzi V, De Maria R, Debatin KM, Di Daniele N, Dixit VM, Dynlacht BD, El-Deiry WS, Fimia GM, Flavell RA, Fulda S, Garrido C, Gougeon ML, Green DR, Gronemeyer H, Hajnoczky G, Hardwick JM, Hengartner MO, Ichijo H, Joseph B, Jost PJ, Kaufmann T, Kepp O, Klionsky DJ, Knight RA, Kumar S, Lemasters JJ, Levine B, Linkermann A, Lipton SA, Lockshin RA, López-Otín C, Lugli E, Madeo F, Malorni W, Marine JC, Martin SJ, Martinou JC, Medema JP, Meier P, Melino S, Mizushima N, Moll U, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Nuñez G, Oberst A, Panaretakis T, Penninger JM, Peter ME, Piacentini M, Pinton P, Prehn JH, Puthalakath H, Rabinovich GA, Ravichandran KS, Rizzuto R, Rodrigues CM, Rubinsztein DC, Rudel T, Shi Y, Simon HU, Stockwell BR, Szabadkai G, Tait SW, Tang HL, Tavernarakis N, Tsujimoto Y, Vanden Berghe T, Vandenabeele P, Villunger A, Wagner EF, Walczak H, White E, Wood WG, Yuan J, Zakeri Z, Zhivotovsky B, Melino G, Kroemer G. Essential versus accessory aspects of cell death: recommendations of the NCCD 2015. Cell Death Differ 2014; 22:58-73. [PMID: 25236395 PMCID: PMC4262782 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 664] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells exposed to extreme physicochemical or mechanical stimuli die in an uncontrollable manner, as a result of their immediate structural breakdown. Such an unavoidable variant of cellular demise is generally referred to as ‘accidental cell death' (ACD). In most settings, however, cell death is initiated by a genetically encoded apparatus, correlating with the fact that its course can be altered by pharmacologic or genetic interventions. ‘Regulated cell death' (RCD) can occur as part of physiologic programs or can be activated once adaptive responses to perturbations of the extracellular or intracellular microenvironment fail. The biochemical phenomena that accompany RCD may be harnessed to classify it into a few subtypes, which often (but not always) exhibit stereotyped morphologic features. Nonetheless, efficiently inhibiting the processes that are commonly thought to cause RCD, such as the activation of executioner caspases in the course of apoptosis, does not exert true cytoprotective effects in the mammalian system, but simply alters the kinetics of cellular demise as it shifts its morphologic and biochemical correlates. Conversely, bona fide cytoprotection can be achieved by inhibiting the transduction of lethal signals in the early phases of the process, when adaptive responses are still operational. Thus, the mechanisms that truly execute RCD may be less understood, less inhibitable and perhaps more homogeneous than previously thought. Here, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death formulates a set of recommendations to help scientists and researchers to discriminate between essential and accessory aspects of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Galluzzi
- 1] Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France [2] Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [3] Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J M Bravo-San Pedro
- 1] Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France [2] Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [3] INSERM, U1138, Gustave Roussy, Paris, France
| | - I Vitale
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - S A Aaronson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J M Abrams
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - D Adam
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - E S Alnemri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L Altucci
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - D Andrews
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata - Istituto Ricovero Cura Carattere Scientifico (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - E H Baehrecke
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - N G Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - M J Bertrand
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Bianchi
- 1] Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, London, UK [2] Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
| | - M V Blagosklonny
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - K Blomgren
- Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Borner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - D E Bredesen
- 1] Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA [2] Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Brenner
- 1] INSERM, UMRS769, Châtenay Malabry, France [2] LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay Malabry, France [3] Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Orsay, France
| | - M Campanella
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences and Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - E Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - F Cecconi
- 1] Laboratory of Molecular Neuroembryology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy [2] Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome, Italy [3] Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F K Chan
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - N S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - E H Cheng
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - J E Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J A Cidlowski
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institute of Health (NIH), North Carolina, NC, USA
| | - A Ciechanover
- Tumor and Vascular Biology Research Center, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - T M Dawson
- 1] Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering (ICE), Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA [2] Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - V L Dawson
- 1] Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering (ICE), Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA [2] Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - V De Laurenzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Gabriele d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - R De Maria
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - K-M Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - N Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - V M Dixit
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - B D Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Institute, Smilow Research Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - W S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - G M Fimia
- 1] Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy [2] Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto Ricovero Cura Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - R A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - C Garrido
- 1] INSERM, U866, Dijon, France [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - M-L Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - D R Green
- Department of Immunology, St Jude's Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - H Gronemeyer
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
| | - G Hajnoczky
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J M Hardwick
- W Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M O Hengartner
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - H Ichijo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - B Joseph
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P J Jost
- Medical Department for Hematology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Kaufmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - O Kepp
- 1] Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1138, Gustave Roussy, Paris, France [3] Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - D J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R A Knight
- 1] Medical Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK [2] Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - S Kumar
- 1] Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia [2] School of Medicine and School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J J Lemasters
- Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - B Levine
- 1] Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - A Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - S A Lipton
- 1] The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA [2] Sanford-Burnham Center for Neuroscience, Aging, and Stem Cell Research, La Jolla, CA, USA [3] Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA [4] University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA
| | - R A Lockshin
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - C López-Otín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medecine, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - E Lugli
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - F Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - W Malorni
- 1] Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanita (ISS), Roma, Italy [2] San Raffaele Institute, Sulmona, Italy
| | - J-C Marine
- 1] Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium [2] Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center of Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S J Martin
- Department of Genetics, The Smurfit Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J-C Martinou
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J P Medema
- Laboratory for Experiments Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Meier
- Institute of Cancer Research, The Breakthrough Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK
| | - S Melino
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - N Mizushima
- Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - U Moll
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - C Muñoz-Pinedo
- Cell Death Regulation Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Nuñez
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T Panaretakis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - M E Peter
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Piacentini
- 1] Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome, Italy [2] Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto Ricovero Cura Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - P Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - J H Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Puthalakath
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G A Rabinovich
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - K S Ravichandran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - R Rizzuto
- Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - C M Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - T Rudel
- Department of Microbiology, University of Würzburg; Würzburg, Germany
| | - Y Shi
- Soochow Institute for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - H-U Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B R Stockwell
- 1] Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD, USA [2] Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Szabadkai
- 1] Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy [2] Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - S W Tait
- 1] Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK [2] Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - H L Tang
- W Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Tavernarakis
- 1] Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece [2] Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Y Tsujimoto
- Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Vanden Berghe
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Vandenabeele
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium [3] Methusalem Program, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Villunger
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E F Wagner
- Cancer Cell Biology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - H Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - E White
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - W G Wood
- 1] Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA [2] Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Z Zakeri
- 1] Department of Biology, Queens College, Queens, NY, USA [2] Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), Queens, NY, USA
| | - B Zhivotovsky
- 1] Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden [2] Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - G Melino
- 1] Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy [2] Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - G Kroemer
- 1] Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France [3] INSERM, U1138, Gustave Roussy, Paris, France [4] Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France [5] Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis control the turnover of organelles and proteins within cells, and of cells within organisms, respectively, and many stress pathways sequentially elicit autophagy, and apoptosis within the same cell. Generally autophagy blocks the induction of apoptosis, and apoptosis-associated caspase activation shuts off the autophagic process. However, in special cases, autophagy or autophagy-relevant proteins may help to induce apoptosis or necrosis, and autophagy has been shown to degrade the cytoplasm excessively, leading to 'autophagic cell death'. The dialogue between autophagy and cell death pathways influences the normal clearance of dying cells, as well as immune recognition of dead cell antigens. Therefore, the disruption of the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis has important pathophysiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Mariño
- 1] Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), U1138, F-94805 Villejuif, France. [2] Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Mireia Niso-Santano
- 1] Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), U1138, F-94805 Villejuif, France. [2] Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- 1] Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), U1138, F-94805 Villejuif, France. [2] Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France. [3] Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France. [4] Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris. [5] Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Nelson
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
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Baehrecke EH, Williams HJ, Vinson SB. Electroantennogram responses ofCampoletis sonorensis (hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) to chemicals in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). J Chem Ecol 2013; 15:37-45. [PMID: 24271425 DOI: 10.1007/bf02027772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/1987] [Accepted: 10/20/1987] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Combined gas chromatography-electroantennogram (GC-EAG) recording ofCampoletis sonorensis (Cameron) responses to cotton plant volatile chemicals was performed.C. sonorensis antennal olfactory receptors respond differentially to green leaf, mono-, and sesquiterpene chemicals that have been identified previously in cotton. EAG depolarizations to green leaf chemicals were greater than to terpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Baehrecke
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 77843, College Station, Texas
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40
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Shravage BV, Hill JH, Powers CM, Wu L, Baehrecke EH. Atg6 is required for multiple vesicle trafficking pathways and hematopoiesis in Drosophila. J Cell Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.133165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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41
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Shravage BV, Hill JH, Powers CM, Wu L, Baehrecke EH. Atg6 is required for multiple vesicle trafficking pathways and hematopoiesis in Drosophila. Development 2013; 140:1321-9. [PMID: 23406899 DOI: 10.1242/dev.089490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atg6 (beclin 1 in mammals) is a core component of the Vps34 complex that is required for autophagy. Beclin 1 (Becn1) functions as a tumor suppressor, and Becn1(+/-) tumors in mice possess elevated cell stress and p62 levels, altered NF-κB signaling and genome instability. The tumor suppressor function of Becn1 has been attributed to its role in autophagy, and the potential functions of Atg6/Becn1 in other vesicle trafficking pathways for tumor development have not been considered. Here, we generate Atg6 mutant Drosophila and demonstrate that Atg6 is essential for autophagy, endocytosis and protein secretion. By contrast, the core autophagy gene Atg1 is required for autophagy and protein secretion, but it is not required for endocytosis. Unlike null mutants of other core autophagy genes, all Atg6 mutant animals possess blood cell masses. Atg6 mutants have enlarged lymph glands (the hematopoietic organ in Drosophila), possess elevated blood cell numbers, and the formation of melanotic blood cell masses in these mutants is not suppressed by mutations in either p62 or NFκB genes. Thus, like mammals, altered Atg6 function in flies causes hematopoietic abnormalities and lethality, and our data indicate that this is due to defects in multiple membrane trafficking processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra V Shravage
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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42
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McPhee CK, Balgley BM, Nelson C, Hill JH, Batlevi Y, Fang X, Lee CS, Baehrecke EH. Identification of factors that function in Drosophila salivary gland cell death during development using proteomics. Cell Death Differ 2012; 20:218-25. [PMID: 22935612 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors induce cell death and are used in cancer therapy, but little is known about the relationship between proteasome impairment and cell death under normal physiological conditions. Here, we investigate the relationship between proteasome function and larval salivary gland cell death during development in Drosophila. Drosophila larval salivary gland cells undergo synchronized programmed cell death requiring both caspases and autophagy (Atg) genes during development. Here, we show that ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) function is reduced during normal salivary gland cell death, and that ectopic proteasome impairment in salivary gland cells leads to early DNA fragmentation and salivary gland condensation in vivo. Shotgun proteomic analyses of purified dying salivary glands identified the UPS as the top category of proteins enriched, suggesting a possible compensatory induction of these factors to maintain proteolysis during cell death. We compared the proteome following ectopic proteasome impairment to the proteome during developmental cell death in salivary gland cells. Proteins that were enriched in both populations of cells were screened for their function in salivary gland degradation using RNAi knockdown. We identified several factors, including trol, a novel gene CG11880, and the cop9 signalsome component cop9 signalsome 6, as required for Drosophila larval salivary gland degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K McPhee
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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43
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Abstract
Autophagy is an important catabolic process that delivers cytoplasmic material to the lysosome for degradation. Autophagy promotes cell survival by elimination of damaged organelles and proteins aggregates, as well as by facilitating bioenergetic homeostasis. Although autophagy has been considered a cell survival mechanism, recent studies have shown that autophagy can promote cell death. The core mechanisms that control autophagy are conserved between yeast and humans, but animals also possess genes that regulate autophagy that are not present in yeast. These regulatory differences may be explained by the need to control autophagy in a cell context-specific manner in multicellular animals, such as during cell survival and cell death. Autophagy was thought to be a bulk cytoplasmic degradation mechanism, but recent studies have shown that specific cargo is recruited for degradation. This suggests the possibility that either cell survival or death may be regulated by selective autophagic clearance of cytoplasmic material. Here we summarize the mechanisms that regulate autophagy and how they may contribute to cell survival and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Das
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, 01605, USA
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Denton D, Chang TK, Nicolson S, Shravage B, Simin R, Baehrecke EH, Kumar S. Relationship between growth arrest and autophagy in midgut programmed cell death in Drosophila. Cell Death Differ 2012; 19:1299-307. [PMID: 22555456 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been implicated in both cell survival and programmed cell death (PCD), and this may explain the apparently complex role of this catabolic process in tumourigenesis. Our previous studies have shown that caspases have little influence on Drosophila larval midgut PCD, whereas inhibition of autophagy severely delays midgut removal. To assess upstream signals that regulate autophagy and larval midgut degradation, we have examined the requirement of growth signalling pathways. Inhibition of the class I phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway prevents midgut growth, whereas ectopic PI3K and Ras signalling results in larger cells with decreased autophagy and delayed midgut degradation. Furthermore, premature induction of autophagy is sufficient to induce early midgut degradation. These data indicate that autophagy and the growth regulatory pathways have an important relationship during midgut PCD. Despite the roles of autophagy in both survival and death, our findings suggest that autophagy induction occurs in response to similar signals in both scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Denton
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Klionsky DJ, Abdalla FC, Abeliovich H, Abraham RT, Acevedo-Arozena A, Adeli K, Agholme L, Agnello M, Agostinis P, Aguirre-Ghiso JA, Ahn HJ, Ait-Mohamed O, Ait-Si-Ali S, Akematsu T, Akira S, Al-Younes HM, Al-Zeer MA, Albert ML, Albin RL, Alegre-Abarrategui J, Aleo MF, Alirezaei M, Almasan A, Almonte-Becerril M, Amano A, Amaravadi RK, Amarnath S, Amer AO, Andrieu-Abadie N, Anantharam V, Ann DK, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Aoki H, Apostolova N, Arancia G, Aris JP, Asanuma K, Asare NY, Ashida H, Askanas V, Askew DS, Auberger P, Baba M, Backues SK, Baehrecke EH, Bahr BA, Bai XY, Bailly Y, Baiocchi R, Baldini G, Balduini W, Ballabio A, Bamber BA, Bampton ET, Juhász G, Bartholomew CR, Bassham DC, Bast RC, Batoko H, Bay BH, Beau I, Béchet DM, Begley TJ, Behl C, Behrends C, Bekri S, Bellaire B, Bendall LJ, Benetti L, Berliocchi L, Bernardi H, Bernassola F, Besteiro S, Bhatia-Kissova I, Bi X, Biard-Piechaczyk M, Blum JS, Boise LH, Bonaldo P, Boone DL, Bornhauser BC, Bortoluci KR, Bossis I, Bost F, Bourquin JP, Boya P, Boyer-Guittaut M, Bozhkov PV, Brady NR, Brancolini C, Brech A, Brenman JE, Brennand A, Bresnick EH, Brest P, Bridges D, Bristol ML, Brookes PS, Brown EJ, Brumell JH, Shen WC, Sheng ZH, Shi Y, Shibuya K, Shidoji Y, Shieh JJ, Shih CM, Shimada Y, Shimizu S, Shintani T, Brunetti-Pierri N, Shirihai OS, Shore GC, Sibirny AA, Sidhu SB, Sikorska B, Silva-Zacarin EC, Simmons A, Simon AK, Simon HU, Simone C, Brunk UT, Simonsen A, Sinclair DA, Singh R, Sinha D, Sinicrope FA, Sirko A, Siu PM, Sivridis E, Skop V, Skulachev VP, Bulman DE, Slack RS, Smaili SS, Smith DR, Soengas MS, Soldati T, Song X, Sood AK, Soong TW, Sotgia F, Spector SA, Bultman SJ, Spies CD, Springer W, Srinivasula SM, Stefanis L, Steffan JS, Stendel R, Stenmark H, Stephanou A, Stern ST, Sternberg C, Bultynck G, Stork B, Strålfors P, Subauste CS, Sui X, Sulzer D, Sun J, Sun SY, Sun ZJ, Sung JJ, Suzuki K, Burbulla LF, Suzuki T, Swanson MS, Swanton C, Sweeney ST, Sy LK, Szabadkai G, Tabas I, Taegtmeyer H, Tafani M, Takács-Vellai K, Bursch W, Takano Y, Takegawa K, Takemura G, Takeshita F, Talbot NJ, Tan KS, Tanaka K, Tanaka K, Tang D, Tang D, Butchar JP, Tanida I, Tannous BA, Tavernarakis N, Taylor GS, Taylor GA, Taylor JP, Terada LS, Terman A, Tettamanti G, Thevissen K, Buzgariu W, Thompson CB, Thorburn A, Thumm M, Tian F, Tian Y, Tocchini-Valentini G, Tolkovsky AM, Tomino Y, Tönges L, Tooze SA, Bydlowski SP, Tournier C, Tower J, Towns R, Trajkovic V, Travassos LH, Tsai TF, Tschan MP, Tsubata T, Tsung A, Turk B, Cadwell K, Turner LS, Tyagi SC, Uchiyama Y, Ueno T, Umekawa M, Umemiya-Shirafuji R, Unni VK, Vaccaro MI, Valente EM, Van den Berghe G, Cahová M, van der Klei IJ, van Doorn WG, van Dyk LF, van Egmond M, van Grunsven LA, Vandenabeele P, Vandenberghe WP, Vanhorebeek I, Vaquero EC, Velasco G, Cai D, Vellai T, Vicencio JM, Vierstra RD, Vila M, Vindis C, Viola G, Viscomi MT, Voitsekhovskaja OV, von Haefen C, Votruba M, Cai J, Wada K, Wade-Martins R, Walker CL, Walsh CM, Walter J, Wan XB, Wang A, Wang C, Wang D, Wang F, Cai Q, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang HG, Wang HD, Wang J, Wang K, Wang M, Wang RC, Wang X, Calabretta B, Wang XJ, Wang YJ, Wang Y, Wang ZB, Wang ZC, Wang Z, Wansink DG, Ward DM, Watada H, Waters SL, Calvo-Garrido J, Webster P, Wei L, Weihl CC, Weiss WA, Welford SM, Wen LP, Whitehouse CA, Whitton JL, Whitworth AJ, Wileman T, Camougrand N, Wiley JW, Wilkinson S, Willbold D, Williams RL, Williamson PR, Wouters BG, Wu C, Wu DC, Wu WK, Wyttenbach A, Campanella M, Xavier RJ, Xi Z, Xia P, Xiao G, Xie Z, Xie Z, Xu DZ, Xu J, Xu L, Xu X, Campos-Salinas J, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto A, Yamashina S, Yamashita M, Yan X, Yanagida M, Yang DS, Yang E, Yang JM, Yang SY, Candi E, Yang W, Yang WY, Yang Z, Yao MC, Yao TP, Yeganeh B, Yen WL, Yin JJ, Yin XM, Yoo OJ, Cao L, Yoon G, Yoon SY, Yorimitsu T, Yoshikawa Y, Yoshimori T, Yoshimoto K, You HJ, Youle RJ, Younes A, Yu L, Caplan AB, Yu L, Yu SW, Yu WH, Yuan ZM, Yue Z, Yun CH, Yuzaki M, Zabirnyk O, Silva-Zacarin E, Zacks D, Carding SR, Zacksenhaus E, Zaffaroni N, Zakeri Z, Zeh, III HJ, Zeitlin SO, Zhang H, Zhang HL, Zhang J, Zhang JP, Zhang L, Cardoso SM, Zhang L, Zhang MY, Zhang XD, Zhao M, Zhao YF, Zhao Y, Zhao ZJ, Zheng X, Zhivotovsky B, Zhong Q, Carew JS, Zhou CZ, Zhu C, Zhu WG, Zhu XF, Zhu X, Zhu Y, Zoladek T, Zong WX, Zorzano A, Zschocke J, Carlin CR, Zuckerbraun B, Carmignac V, Carneiro LA, Carra S, Caruso RA, Casari G, Casas C, Castino R, Cebollero E, Cecconi F, Celli J, Chaachouay H, Chae HJ, Chai CY, Chan DC, Chan EY, Chang RCC, Che CM, Chen CC, Chen GC, Chen GQ, Chen M, Chen Q, Chen SSL, Chen W, Chen X, Chen X, Chen X, Chen YG, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen YJ, Chen Z, Cheng A, Cheng CH, Cheng Y, Cheong H, Cheong JH, Cherry S, Chess-Williams R, Cheung ZH, Chevet E, Chiang HL, Chiarelli R, Chiba T, Chin LS, Chiou SH, Chisari FV, Cho CH, Cho DH, Choi AM, Choi D, Choi KS, Choi ME, Chouaib S, Choubey D, Choubey V, Chu CT, Chuang TH, Chueh SH, Chun T, Chwae YJ, Chye ML, Ciarcia R, Ciriolo MR, Clague MJ, Clark RS, Clarke PG, Clarke R, Codogno P, Coller HA, Colombo MI, Comincini S, Condello M, Condorelli F, Cookson MR, Coombs GH, Coppens I, Corbalan R, Cossart P, Costelli P, Costes S, Coto-Montes A, Couve E, Coxon FP, Cregg JM, Crespo JL, Cronjé MJ, Cuervo AM, Cullen JJ, Czaja MJ, D'Amelio M, Darfeuille-Michaud A, Davids LM, Davies FE, De Felici M, de Groot JF, de Haan CA, De Martino L, De Milito A, De Tata V, Debnath J, Degterev A, Dehay B, Delbridge LM, Demarchi F, Deng YZ, Dengjel J, Dent P, Denton D, Deretic V, Desai SD, Devenish RJ, Di Gioacchino M, Di Paolo G, Di Pietro C, Díaz-Araya G, Díaz-Laviada I, Diaz-Meco MT, Diaz-Nido J, Dikic I, Dinesh-Kumar SP, Ding WX, Distelhorst CW, Diwan A, Djavaheri-Mergny M, Dokudovskaya S, Dong Z, Dorsey FC, Dosenko V, Dowling JJ, Doxsey S, Dreux M, Drew ME, Duan Q, Duchosal MA, Duff KE, Dugail I, Durbeej M, Duszenko M, Edelstein CL, Edinger AL, Egea G, Eichinger L, Eissa NT, Ekmekcioglu S, El-Deiry WS, Elazar Z, Elgendy M, Ellerby LM, Eng KE, Engelbrecht AM, Engelender S, Erenpreisa J, Escalante R, Esclatine A, Eskelinen EL, Espert L, Espina V, Fan H, Fan J, Fan QW, Fan Z, Fang S, Fang Y, Fanto M, Fanzani A, Farkas T, Farre JC, Faure M, Fechheimer M, Feng CG, Feng J, Feng Q, Feng Y, Fésüs L, Feuer R, Figueiredo-Pereira ME, Fimia GM, Fingar DC, Finkbeiner S, Finkel T, Finley KD, Fiorito F, Fisher EA, Fisher PB, Flajolet M, Florez-McClure ML, Florio S, Fon EA, Fornai F, Fortunato F, Fotedar R, Fowler DH, Fox HS, Franco R, Frankel LB, Fransen M, Fuentes JM, Fueyo J, Fujii J, Fujisaki K, Fujita E, Fukuda M, Furukawa RH, Gaestel M, Gailly P, Gajewska M, Galliot B, Galy V, Ganesh S, Ganetzky B, Ganley IG, Gao FB, Gao GF, Gao J, Garcia L, Garcia-Manero G, Garcia-Marcos M, Garmyn M, Gartel AL, Gatti E, Gautel M, Gawriluk TR, Gegg ME, Geng J, Germain M, Gestwicki JE, Gewirtz DA, Ghavami S, Ghosh P, Giammarioli AM, Giatromanolaki AN, Gibson SB, Gilkerson RW, Ginger ML, Ginsberg HN, Golab J, Goligorsky MS, Golstein P, Gomez-Manzano C, Goncu E, Gongora C, Gonzalez CD, Gonzalez R, González-Estévez C, González-Polo RA, Gonzalez-Rey E, Gorbunov NV, Gorski S, Goruppi S, Gottlieb RA, Gozuacik D, Granato GE, Grant GD, Green KN, Gregorc A, Gros F, Grose C, Grunt TW, Gual P, Guan JL, Guan KL, Guichard SM, Gukovskaya AS, Gukovsky I, Gunst J, Gustafsson ÅB, Halayko AJ, Hale AN, Halonen SK, Hamasaki M, Han F, Han T, Hancock MK, Hansen M, Harada H, Harada M, Hardt SE, Harper JW, Harris AL, Harris J, Harris SD, Hashimoto M, Haspel JA, Hayashi SI, Hazelhurst LA, He C, He YW, Hébert MJ, Heidenreich KA, Helfrich MH, Helgason GV, Henske EP, Herman B, Herman PK, Hetz C, Hilfiker S, Hill JA, Hocking LJ, Hofman P, Hofmann TG, Höhfeld J, Holyoake TL, Hong MH, Hood DA, Hotamisligil GS, Houwerzijl EJ, Høyer-Hansen M, Hu B, Hu CAA, Hu HM, Hua Y, Huang C, Huang J, Huang S, Huang WP, Huber TB, Huh WK, Hung TH, Hupp TR, Hur GM, Hurley JB, Hussain SN, Hussey PJ, Hwang JJ, Hwang S, Ichihara A, Ilkhanizadeh S, Inoki K, Into T, Iovane V, Iovanna JL, Ip NY, Isaka Y, Ishida H, Isidoro C, Isobe KI, Iwasaki A, Izquierdo M, Izumi Y, Jaakkola PM, Jäättelä M, Jackson GR, Jackson WT, Janji B, Jendrach M, Jeon JH, Jeung EB, Jiang H, Jiang H, Jiang JX, Jiang M, Jiang Q, Jiang X, Jiang X, Jiménez A, Jin M, Jin SV, Joe CO, Johansen T, Johnson DE, Johnson GV, Jones NL, Joseph B, Joseph SK, Joubert AM, Juhász G, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Jung CH, Jung YK, Kaarniranta K, Kaasik A, Kabuta T, Kadowaki M, Kågedal K, Kamada Y, Kaminskyy VO, Kampinga HH, Kanamori H, Kang C, Kang KB, Kang KI, Kang R, Kang YA, Kanki T, Kanneganti TD, Kanno H, Kanthasamy AG, Kanthasamy A, Karantza V, Kaushal GP, Kaushik S, Kawazoe Y, Ke PY, Kehrl JH, Kelekar A, Kerkhoff C, Kessel DH, Khalil H, Kiel JA, Kiger AA, Kihara A, Kim DR, Kim DH, Kim DH, Kim EK, Kim HR, Kim JS, Kim JH, Kim JC, Kim JK, Kim PK, Kim SW, Kim YS, Kim Y, Kimchi A, Kimmelman AC, King JS, Kinsella TJ, Kirkin V, Kirshenbaum LA, Kitamoto K, Kitazato K, Klein L, Klimecki WT, Klucken J, Knecht E, Ko BC, Koch JC, Koga H, Koh JY, Koh YH, Koike M, Komatsu M, Kominami E, Kong HJ, Kong WJ, Korolchuk VI, Kotake Y, Koukourakis MI, Flores JBK, Kovács AL, Kraft C, Krainc D, Krämer H, Kretz-Remy C, Krichevsky AM, Kroemer G, Krüger R, Krut O, Ktistakis NT, Kuan CY, Kucharczyk R, Kumar A, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kundu M, Kung HJ, Kurz T, Kwon HJ, La Spada AR, Lafont F, Lamark T, Landry J, Lane JD, Lapaquette P, Laporte JF, László L, Lavandero S, Lavoie JN, Layfield R, Lazo PA, Le W, Le Cam L, Ledbetter DJ, Lee AJ, Lee BW, Lee GM, Lee J, lee JH, Lee M, Lee MS, Lee SH, Leeuwenburgh C, Legembre P, Legouis R, Lehmann M, Lei HY, Lei QY, Leib DA, Leiro J, Lemasters JJ, Lemoine A, Lesniak MS, Lev D, Levenson VV, Levine B, Levy E, Li F, Li JL, Li L, Li S, Li W, Li XJ, Li YB, Li YP, Liang C, Liang Q, Liao YF, Liberski PP, Lieberman A, Lim HJ, Lim KL, Lim K, Lin CF, Lin FC, Lin J, Lin JD, Lin K, Lin WW, Lin WC, Lin YL, Linden R, Lingor P, Lippincott-Schwartz J, Lisanti MP, Liton PB, Liu B, Liu CF, Liu K, Liu L, Liu QA, Liu W, Liu YC, Liu Y, Lockshin RA, Lok CN, Lonial S, Loos B, Lopez-Berestein G, López-Otín C, Lossi L, Lotze MT, Low P, Lu B, Lu B, Lu B, Lu Z, Luciano F, Lukacs NW, Lund AH, Lynch-Day MA, Ma Y, Macian F, MacKeigan JP, Macleod KF, Madeo F, Maiuri L, Maiuri MC, Malagoli D, Malicdan MCV, Malorni W, Man N, Mandelkow EM, Manon S, Manov I, Mao K, Mao X, Mao Z, Marambaud P, Marazziti D, Marcel YL, Marchbank K, Marchetti P, Marciniak SJ, Marcondes M, Mardi M, Marfe G, Mariño G, Markaki M, Marten MR, Martin SJ, Martinand-Mari C, Martinet W, Martinez-Vicente M, Masini M, Matarrese P, Matsuo S, Matteoni R, Mayer A, Mazure NM, McConkey DJ, McConnell MJ, McDermott C, McDonald C, McInerney GM, McKenna SL, McLaughlin B, McLean PJ, McMaster CR, McQuibban GA, Meijer AJ, Meisler MH, Meléndez A, Melia TJ, Melino G, Mena MA, Menendez JA, Menna-Barreto RFS, Menon MB, Menzies FM, Mercer CA, Merighi A, Merry DE, Meschini S, Meyer CG, Meyer TF, Miao CY, Miao JY, Michels PA, Michiels C, Mijaljica D, Milojkovic A, Minucci S, Miracco C, Miranti CK, Mitroulis I, Miyazawa K, Mizushima N, Mograbi B, Mohseni S, Molero X, Mollereau B, Mollinedo F, Momoi T, Monastyrska I, Monick MM, Monteiro MJ, Moore MN, Mora R, Moreau K, Moreira PI, Moriyasu Y, Moscat J, Mostowy S, Mottram JC, Motyl T, Moussa CEH, Müller S, Muller S, Münger K, Münz C, Murphy LO, Murphy ME, Musarò A, Mysorekar I, Nagata E, Nagata K, Nahimana A, Nair U, Nakagawa T, Nakahira K, Nakano H, Nakatogawa H, Nanjundan M, Naqvi NI, Narendra DP, Narita M, Navarro M, Nawrocki ST, Nazarko TY, Nemchenko A, Netea MG, Neufeld TP, Ney PA, Nezis IP, Nguyen HP, Nie D, Nishino I, Nislow C, Nixon RA, Noda T, Noegel AA, Nogalska A, Noguchi S, Notterpek L, Novak I, Nozaki T, Nukina N, Nürnberger T, Nyfeler B, Obara K, Oberley TD, Oddo S, Ogawa M, Ohashi T, Okamoto K, Oleinick NL, Oliver FJ, Olsen LJ, Olsson S, Opota O, Osborne TF, Ostrander GK, Otsu K, Ou JHJ, Ouimet M, Overholtzer M, Ozpolat B, Paganetti P, Pagnini U, Pallet N, Palmer GE, Palumbo C, Pan T, Panaretakis T, Pandey UB, Papackova Z, Papassideri I, Paris I, Park J, Park OK, Parys JB, Parzych KR, Patschan S, Patterson C, Pattingre S, Pawelek JM, Peng J, Perlmutter DH, Perrotta I, Perry G, Pervaiz S, Peter M, Peters GJ, Petersen M, Petrovski G, Phang JM, Piacentini M, Pierre P, Pierrefite-Carle V, Pierron G, Pinkas-Kramarski R, Piras A, Piri N, Platanias LC, Pöggeler S, Poirot M, Poletti A, Poüs C, Pozuelo-Rubio M, Prætorius-Ibba M, Prasad A, Prescott M, Priault M, Produit-Zengaffinen N, Progulske-Fox A, Proikas-Cezanne T, Przedborski S, Przyklenk K, Puertollano R, Puyal J, Qian SB, Qin L, Qin ZH, Quaggin SE, Raben N, Rabinowich H, Rabkin SW, Rahman I, Rami A, Ramm G, Randall G, Randow F, Rao VA, Rathmell JC, Ravikumar B, Ray SK, Reed BH, Reed JC, Reggiori F, Régnier-Vigouroux A, Reichert AS, Reiners, Jr. JJ, Reiter RJ, Ren J, Revuelta JL, Rhodes CJ, Ritis K, Rizzo E, Robbins J, Roberge M, Roca H, Roccheri MC, Rocchi S, Rodemann HP, Rodríguez de Córdoba S, Rohrer B, Roninson IB, Rosen K, Rost-Roszkowska MM, Rouis M, Rouschop KM, Rovetta F, Rubin BP, Rubinsztein DC, Ruckdeschel K, Rucker EB, Rudich A, Rudolf E, Ruiz-Opazo N, Russo R, Rusten TE, Ryan KM, Ryter SW, Sabatini DM, Sadoshima J, Saha T, Saitoh T, Sakagami H, Sakai Y, Salekdeh GH, Salomoni P, Salvaterra PM, Salvesen G, Salvioli R, Sanchez AM, Sánchez-Alcázar JA, Sánchez-Prieto R, Sandri M, Sankar U, Sansanwal P, Santambrogio L, Saran S, Sarkar S, Sarwal M, Sasakawa C, Sasnauskiene A, Sass M, Sato K, Sato M, Schapira AH, Scharl M, Schätzl HM, Scheper W, Schiaffino S, Schneider C, Schneider ME, Schneider-Stock R, Schoenlein PV, Schorderet DF, Schüller C, Schwartz GK, Scorrano L, Sealy L, Seglen PO, Segura-Aguilar J, Seiliez I, Seleverstov O, Sell C, Seo JB, Separovic D, Setaluri V, Setoguchi T, Settembre C, Shacka JJ, Shanmugam M, Shapiro IM, Shaulian E, Shaw RJ, Shelhamer JH, Shen HM. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy. Autophagy 2012. [DOI: 10.4161/auto.19496 order by 1-- -] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
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Klionsky DJ, Abdalla FC, Abeliovich H, Abraham RT, Acevedo-Arozena A, Adeli K, Agholme L, Agnello M, Agostinis P, Aguirre-Ghiso JA, Ahn HJ, Ait-Mohamed O, Ait-Si-Ali S, Akematsu T, Akira S, Al-Younes HM, Al-Zeer MA, Albert ML, Albin RL, Alegre-Abarrategui J, Aleo MF, Alirezaei M, Almasan A, Almonte-Becerril M, Amano A, Amaravadi RK, Amarnath S, Amer AO, Andrieu-Abadie N, Anantharam V, Ann DK, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Aoki H, Apostolova N, Arancia G, Aris JP, Asanuma K, Asare NY, Ashida H, Askanas V, Askew DS, Auberger P, Baba M, Backues SK, Baehrecke EH, Bahr BA, Bai XY, Bailly Y, Baiocchi R, Baldini G, Balduini W, Ballabio A, Bamber BA, Bampton ET, Juhász G, Bartholomew CR, Bassham DC, Bast RC, Batoko H, Bay BH, Beau I, Béchet DM, Begley TJ, Behl C, Behrends C, Bekri S, Bellaire B, Bendall LJ, Benetti L, Berliocchi L, Bernardi H, Bernassola F, Besteiro S, Bhatia-Kissova I, Bi X, Biard-Piechaczyk M, Blum JS, Boise LH, Bonaldo P, Boone DL, Bornhauser BC, Bortoluci KR, Bossis I, Bost F, Bourquin JP, Boya P, Boyer-Guittaut M, Bozhkov PV, Brady NR, Brancolini C, Brech A, Brenman JE, Brennand A, Bresnick EH, Brest P, Bridges D, Bristol ML, Brookes PS, Brown EJ, Brumell JH, Shen WC, Sheng ZH, Shi Y, Shibuya K, Shidoji Y, Shieh JJ, Shih CM, Shimada Y, Shimizu S, Shintani T, Brunetti-Pierri N, Shirihai OS, Shore GC, Sibirny AA, Sidhu SB, Sikorska B, Silva-Zacarin EC, Simmons A, Simon AK, Simon HU, Simone C, Brunk UT, Simonsen A, Sinclair DA, Singh R, Sinha D, Sinicrope FA, Sirko A, Siu PM, Sivridis E, Skop V, Skulachev VP, Bulman DE, Slack RS, Smaili SS, Smith DR, Soengas MS, Soldati T, Song X, Sood AK, Soong TW, Sotgia F, Spector SA, Bultman SJ, Spies CD, Springer W, Srinivasula SM, Stefanis L, Steffan JS, Stendel R, Stenmark H, Stephanou A, Stern ST, Sternberg C, Bultynck G, Stork B, Strålfors P, Subauste CS, Sui X, Sulzer D, Sun J, Sun SY, Sun ZJ, Sung JJ, Suzuki K, Burbulla LF, Suzuki T, Swanson MS, Swanton C, Sweeney ST, Sy LK, Szabadkai G, Tabas I, Taegtmeyer H, Tafani M, Takács-Vellai K, Bursch W, Takano Y, Takegawa K, Takemura G, Takeshita F, Talbot NJ, Tan KS, Tanaka K, Tanaka K, Tang D, Tang D, Butchar JP, Tanida I, Tannous BA, Tavernarakis N, Taylor GS, Taylor GA, Taylor JP, Terada LS, Terman A, Tettamanti G, Thevissen K, Buzgariu W, Thompson CB, Thorburn A, Thumm M, Tian F, Tian Y, Tocchini-Valentini G, Tolkovsky AM, Tomino Y, Tönges L, Tooze SA, Bydlowski SP, Tournier C, Tower J, Towns R, Trajkovic V, Travassos LH, Tsai TF, Tschan MP, Tsubata T, Tsung A, Turk B, Cadwell K, Turner LS, Tyagi SC, Uchiyama Y, Ueno T, Umekawa M, Umemiya-Shirafuji R, Unni VK, Vaccaro MI, Valente EM, Van den Berghe G, Cahová M, van der Klei IJ, van Doorn WG, van Dyk LF, van Egmond M, van Grunsven LA, Vandenabeele P, Vandenberghe WP, Vanhorebeek I, Vaquero EC, Velasco G, Cai D, Vellai T, Vicencio JM, Vierstra RD, Vila M, Vindis C, Viola G, Viscomi MT, Voitsekhovskaja OV, von Haefen C, Votruba M, Cai J, Wada K, Wade-Martins R, Walker CL, Walsh CM, Walter J, Wan 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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy. Autophagy 2012. [DOI: 10.4161/auto.19496 and 1880=1880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy. Autophagy 2012. [DOI: 10.4161/auto.19496 order by 8029-- #] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy. Autophagy 2012. [DOI: 10.4161/auto.19496 order by 8029-- awyx] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
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Liu QA, Liu W, Liu YC, Liu Y, Lockshin RA, Lok CN, Lonial S, Loos B, Lopez-Berestein G, López-Otín C, Lossi L, Lotze MT, Low P, Lu B, Lu B, Lu B, Lu Z, Luciano F, Lukacs NW, Lund AH, Lynch-Day MA, Ma Y, Macian F, MacKeigan JP, Macleod KF, Madeo F, Maiuri L, Maiuri MC, Malagoli D, Malicdan MCV, Malorni W, Man N, Mandelkow EM, Manon S, Manov I, Mao K, Mao X, Mao Z, Marambaud P, Marazziti D, Marcel YL, Marchbank K, Marchetti P, Marciniak SJ, Marcondes M, Mardi M, Marfe G, Mariño G, Markaki M, Marten MR, Martin SJ, Martinand-Mari C, Martinet W, Martinez-Vicente M, Masini M, Matarrese P, Matsuo S, Matteoni R, Mayer A, Mazure NM, McConkey DJ, McConnell MJ, McDermott C, McDonald C, McInerney GM, McKenna SL, McLaughlin B, McLean PJ, McMaster CR, McQuibban GA, Meijer AJ, Meisler MH, Meléndez A, Melia TJ, Melino G, Mena MA, Menendez JA, Menna-Barreto RFS, Menon MB, Menzies FM, Mercer CA, Merighi A, Merry DE, Meschini S, Meyer CG, Meyer TF, Miao CY, Miao JY, Michels PA, Michiels C, Mijaljica D, 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Palumbo C, Pan T, Panaretakis T, Pandey UB, Papackova Z, Papassideri I, Paris I, Park J, Park OK, Parys JB, Parzych KR, Patschan S, Patterson C, Pattingre S, Pawelek JM, Peng J, Perlmutter DH, Perrotta I, Perry G, Pervaiz S, Peter M, Peters GJ, Petersen M, Petrovski G, Phang JM, Piacentini M, Pierre P, Pierrefite-Carle V, Pierron G, Pinkas-Kramarski R, Piras A, Piri N, Platanias LC, Pöggeler S, Poirot M, Poletti A, Poüs C, Pozuelo-Rubio M, Prætorius-Ibba M, Prasad A, Prescott M, Priault M, Produit-Zengaffinen N, Progulske-Fox A, Proikas-Cezanne T, Przedborski S, Przyklenk K, Puertollano R, Puyal J, Qian SB, Qin L, Qin ZH, Quaggin SE, Raben N, Rabinowich H, Rabkin SW, Rahman I, Rami A, Ramm G, Randall G, Randow F, Rao VA, Rathmell JC, Ravikumar B, Ray SK, Reed BH, Reed JC, Reggiori F, Régnier-Vigouroux A, Reichert AS, Reiners, Jr. JJ, Reiter RJ, Ren J, Revuelta JL, Rhodes CJ, Ritis K, Rizzo E, Robbins J, Roberge M, Roca H, Roccheri MC, Rocchi S, Rodemann HP, Rodríguez de Córdoba S, Rohrer B, Roninson IB, Rosen K, Rost-Roszkowska MM, Rouis M, Rouschop KM, Rovetta F, Rubin BP, Rubinsztein DC, Ruckdeschel K, Rucker EB, Rudich A, Rudolf E, Ruiz-Opazo N, Russo R, Rusten TE, Ryan KM, Ryter SW, Sabatini DM, Sadoshima J, Saha T, Saitoh T, Sakagami H, Sakai Y, Salekdeh GH, Salomoni P, Salvaterra PM, Salvesen G, Salvioli R, Sanchez AM, Sánchez-Alcázar JA, Sánchez-Prieto R, Sandri M, Sankar U, Sansanwal P, Santambrogio L, Saran S, Sarkar S, Sarwal M, Sasakawa C, Sasnauskiene A, Sass M, Sato K, Sato M, Schapira AH, Scharl M, Schätzl HM, Scheper W, Schiaffino S, Schneider C, Schneider ME, Schneider-Stock R, Schoenlein PV, Schorderet DF, Schüller C, Schwartz GK, Scorrano L, Sealy L, Seglen PO, Segura-Aguilar J, Seiliez I, Seleverstov O, Sell C, Seo JB, Separovic D, Setaluri V, Setoguchi T, Settembre C, Shacka JJ, Shanmugam M, Shapiro IM, Shaulian E, Shaw RJ, Shelhamer JH, Shen HM. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy. Autophagy 2012. [DOI: 10.4161/auto.19496 order by 8029-- -] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
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Klionsky DJ, Abdalla FC, Abeliovich H, Abraham RT, Acevedo-Arozena A, Adeli K, Agholme L, Agnello M, Agostinis P, Aguirre-Ghiso JA, Ahn HJ, Ait-Mohamed O, Ait-Si-Ali S, Akematsu T, Akira S, Al-Younes HM, Al-Zeer MA, Albert ML, Albin RL, Alegre-Abarrategui J, Aleo MF, Alirezaei M, Almasan A, Almonte-Becerril M, Amano A, Amaravadi RK, Amarnath S, Amer AO, Andrieu-Abadie N, Anantharam V, Ann DK, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Aoki H, Apostolova N, Arancia G, Aris JP, Asanuma K, Asare NY, Ashida H, Askanas V, Askew DS, Auberger P, Baba M, Backues SK, Baehrecke EH, Bahr BA, Bai XY, Bailly Y, Baiocchi R, Baldini G, Balduini W, Ballabio A, Bamber BA, Bampton ET, Juhász G, Bartholomew CR, Bassham DC, Bast RC, Batoko H, Bay BH, Beau I, Béchet DM, Begley TJ, Behl C, Behrends C, Bekri S, Bellaire B, Bendall LJ, Benetti L, Berliocchi L, Bernardi H, Bernassola F, Besteiro S, Bhatia-Kissova I, Bi X, Biard-Piechaczyk M, Blum JS, Boise LH, Bonaldo P, Boone DL, Bornhauser BC, Bortoluci KR, Bossis I, Bost F, 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XB, Wang A, Wang C, Wang D, Wang F, Cai Q, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang HG, Wang HD, Wang J, Wang K, Wang M, Wang RC, Wang X, Calabretta B, Wang XJ, Wang YJ, Wang Y, Wang ZB, Wang ZC, Wang Z, Wansink DG, Ward DM, Watada H, Waters SL, Calvo-Garrido J, Webster P, Wei L, Weihl CC, Weiss WA, Welford SM, Wen LP, Whitehouse CA, Whitton JL, Whitworth AJ, Wileman T, Camougrand N, Wiley JW, Wilkinson S, Willbold D, Williams RL, Williamson PR, Wouters BG, Wu C, Wu DC, Wu WK, Wyttenbach A, Campanella M, Xavier RJ, Xi Z, Xia P, Xiao G, Xie Z, Xie Z, Xu DZ, Xu J, Xu L, Xu X, Campos-Salinas J, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto A, Yamashina S, Yamashita M, Yan X, Yanagida M, Yang DS, Yang E, Yang JM, Yang SY, Candi E, Yang W, Yang WY, Yang Z, Yao MC, Yao TP, Yeganeh B, Yen WL, Yin JJ, Yin XM, Yoo OJ, Cao L, Yoon G, Yoon SY, Yorimitsu T, Yoshikawa Y, Yoshimori T, Yoshimoto K, You HJ, Youle RJ, Younes A, Yu L, Caplan AB, Yu L, Yu SW, Yu WH, Yuan ZM, Yue Z, Yun CH, Yuzaki M, Zabirnyk O, Silva-Zacarin E, Zacks D, Carding SR, Zacksenhaus E, Zaffaroni N, Zakeri Z, Zeh, III HJ, Zeitlin SO, Zhang H, Zhang HL, Zhang J, Zhang JP, Zhang L, Cardoso SM, Zhang L, Zhang MY, Zhang XD, Zhao M, Zhao YF, Zhao Y, Zhao ZJ, Zheng X, Zhivotovsky B, Zhong Q, Carew JS, Zhou CZ, Zhu C, Zhu WG, Zhu XF, Zhu X, Zhu Y, Zoladek T, Zong WX, Zorzano A, Zschocke J, Carlin CR, Zuckerbraun B, Carmignac V, Carneiro LA, Carra S, Caruso RA, Casari G, Casas C, Castino R, Cebollero E, Cecconi F, Celli J, Chaachouay H, Chae HJ, Chai CY, Chan DC, Chan EY, Chang RCC, Che CM, Chen CC, Chen GC, Chen GQ, Chen M, Chen Q, Chen SSL, Chen W, Chen X, Chen X, Chen X, Chen YG, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen YJ, Chen Z, Cheng A, Cheng CH, Cheng Y, Cheong H, Cheong JH, Cherry S, Chess-Williams R, Cheung ZH, Chevet E, Chiang HL, Chiarelli R, Chiba T, Chin LS, Chiou SH, Chisari FV, Cho CH, Cho DH, Choi AM, Choi D, Choi KS, Choi ME, Chouaib S, Choubey D, Choubey V, Chu CT, Chuang TH, Chueh SH, Chun T, Chwae YJ, Chye ML, Ciarcia R, Ciriolo MR, Clague MJ, Clark RS, Clarke PG, Clarke R, Codogno P, Coller HA, Colombo MI, Comincini S, Condello M, Condorelli F, Cookson MR, Coombs GH, Coppens I, Corbalan R, Cossart P, Costelli P, Costes S, Coto-Montes A, Couve E, Coxon FP, Cregg JM, Crespo JL, Cronjé MJ, Cuervo AM, Cullen JJ, Czaja MJ, D'Amelio M, Darfeuille-Michaud A, Davids LM, Davies FE, De Felici M, de Groot JF, de Haan CA, De Martino L, De Milito A, De Tata V, Debnath J, Degterev A, Dehay B, Delbridge LM, Demarchi F, Deng YZ, Dengjel J, Dent P, Denton D, Deretic V, Desai SD, Devenish RJ, Di Gioacchino M, Di Paolo G, Di Pietro C, Díaz-Araya G, Díaz-Laviada I, Diaz-Meco MT, Diaz-Nido J, Dikic I, Dinesh-Kumar SP, Ding WX, Distelhorst CW, Diwan A, Djavaheri-Mergny M, Dokudovskaya S, Dong Z, Dorsey FC, Dosenko V, Dowling JJ, Doxsey S, Dreux M, Drew ME, Duan Q, Duchosal MA, Duff KE, Dugail I, Durbeej M, Duszenko M, Edelstein CL, Edinger AL, Egea G, Eichinger L, Eissa NT, Ekmekcioglu S, El-Deiry WS, Elazar Z, Elgendy M, Ellerby LM, Eng KE, Engelbrecht AM, Engelender S, Erenpreisa J, Escalante R, Esclatine A, Eskelinen EL, Espert L, Espina V, Fan H, Fan J, Fan QW, Fan Z, Fang S, Fang Y, Fanto M, Fanzani A, Farkas T, Farre JC, Faure M, Fechheimer M, Feng CG, Feng J, Feng Q, Feng Y, Fésüs L, Feuer R, Figueiredo-Pereira ME, Fimia GM, Fingar DC, Finkbeiner S, Finkel T, Finley KD, Fiorito F, Fisher EA, Fisher PB, Flajolet M, Florez-McClure ML, Florio S, Fon EA, Fornai F, Fortunato F, Fotedar R, Fowler DH, Fox HS, Franco R, Frankel LB, Fransen M, Fuentes JM, Fueyo J, Fujii J, Fujisaki K, Fujita E, Fukuda M, Furukawa RH, Gaestel M, Gailly P, Gajewska M, Galliot B, Galy V, Ganesh S, Ganetzky B, Ganley IG, Gao FB, Gao GF, Gao J, Garcia L, Garcia-Manero G, Garcia-Marcos M, Garmyn M, Gartel AL, Gatti E, Gautel M, Gawriluk TR, Gegg ME, Geng J, Germain M, Gestwicki JE, Gewirtz DA, Ghavami S, Ghosh P, Giammarioli AM, Giatromanolaki AN, Gibson SB, Gilkerson RW, Ginger ML, Ginsberg HN, Golab J, Goligorsky MS, Golstein P, Gomez-Manzano C, 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JL, Ip NY, Isaka Y, Ishida H, Isidoro C, Isobe KI, Iwasaki A, Izquierdo M, Izumi Y, Jaakkola PM, Jäättelä M, Jackson GR, Jackson WT, Janji B, Jendrach M, Jeon JH, Jeung EB, Jiang H, Jiang H, Jiang JX, Jiang M, Jiang Q, Jiang X, Jiang X, Jiménez A, Jin M, Jin SV, Joe CO, Johansen T, Johnson DE, Johnson GV, Jones NL, Joseph B, Joseph SK, Joubert AM, Juhász G, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Jung CH, Jung YK, Kaarniranta K, Kaasik A, Kabuta T, Kadowaki M, Kågedal K, Kamada Y, Kaminskyy VO, Kampinga HH, Kanamori H, Kang C, Kang KB, Kang KI, Kang R, Kang YA, Kanki T, Kanneganti TD, Kanno H, Kanthasamy AG, Kanthasamy A, Karantza V, Kaushal GP, Kaushik S, Kawazoe Y, Ke PY, Kehrl JH, Kelekar A, Kerkhoff C, Kessel DH, Khalil H, Kiel JA, Kiger AA, Kihara A, Kim DR, Kim DH, Kim DH, Kim EK, Kim HR, Kim JS, Kim JH, Kim JC, Kim JK, Kim PK, Kim SW, Kim YS, Kim Y, Kimchi A, Kimmelman AC, King JS, Kinsella TJ, Kirkin V, Kirshenbaum LA, Kitamoto K, Kitazato K, Klein L, Klimecki WT, Klucken J, Knecht E, Ko BC, Koch JC, Koga H, Koh JY, Koh YH, Koike M, Komatsu M, Kominami E, Kong HJ, Kong WJ, Korolchuk VI, Kotake Y, Koukourakis MI, Flores JBK, Kovács AL, Kraft C, Krainc D, Krämer H, Kretz-Remy C, Krichevsky AM, Kroemer G, Krüger R, Krut O, Ktistakis NT, Kuan CY, Kucharczyk R, Kumar A, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kundu M, Kung HJ, Kurz T, Kwon HJ, La Spada AR, Lafont F, Lamark T, Landry J, Lane JD, Lapaquette P, Laporte JF, László L, Lavandero S, Lavoie JN, Layfield R, Lazo PA, Le W, Le Cam L, Ledbetter DJ, Lee AJ, Lee BW, Lee GM, Lee J, lee JH, Lee M, Lee MS, Lee SH, Leeuwenburgh C, Legembre P, Legouis R, Lehmann M, Lei HY, Lei QY, Leib DA, Leiro J, Lemasters JJ, Lemoine A, Lesniak MS, Lev D, Levenson VV, Levine B, Levy E, Li F, Li JL, Li L, Li S, Li W, Li XJ, Li YB, Li YP, Liang C, Liang Q, Liao YF, Liberski PP, Lieberman A, Lim HJ, Lim KL, Lim K, Lin CF, Lin FC, Lin J, Lin JD, Lin K, Lin WW, Lin WC, Lin YL, Linden R, Lingor P, Lippincott-Schwartz J, Lisanti MP, Liton PB, Liu B, Liu CF, Liu K, Liu L, Liu QA, Liu W, Liu YC, Liu Y, Lockshin RA, Lok CN, Lonial S, Loos B, Lopez-Berestein G, López-Otín C, Lossi L, Lotze MT, Low P, Lu B, Lu B, Lu B, Lu Z, Luciano F, Lukacs NW, Lund AH, Lynch-Day MA, Ma Y, Macian F, MacKeigan JP, Macleod KF, Madeo F, Maiuri L, Maiuri MC, Malagoli D, Malicdan MCV, Malorni W, Man N, Mandelkow EM, Manon S, Manov I, Mao K, Mao X, Mao Z, Marambaud P, Marazziti D, Marcel YL, Marchbank K, Marchetti P, Marciniak SJ, Marcondes M, Mardi M, Marfe G, Mariño G, Markaki M, Marten MR, Martin SJ, Martinand-Mari C, Martinet W, Martinez-Vicente M, Masini M, Matarrese P, Matsuo S, Matteoni R, Mayer A, Mazure NM, McConkey DJ, McConnell MJ, McDermott C, McDonald C, McInerney GM, McKenna SL, McLaughlin B, McLean PJ, McMaster CR, McQuibban GA, Meijer AJ, Meisler MH, Meléndez A, Melia TJ, Melino G, Mena MA, Menendez JA, Menna-Barreto RFS, Menon MB, Menzies FM, Mercer CA, Merighi A, Merry DE, Meschini S, Meyer CG, Meyer TF, Miao CY, Miao JY, Michels PA, Michiels C, Mijaljica D, Milojkovic A, Minucci S, Miracco C, Miranti CK, Mitroulis I, Miyazawa K, Mizushima N, Mograbi B, Mohseni S, Molero X, Mollereau B, Mollinedo F, Momoi T, Monastyrska I, Monick MM, Monteiro MJ, Moore MN, Mora R, Moreau K, Moreira PI, Moriyasu Y, Moscat J, Mostowy S, Mottram JC, Motyl T, Moussa CEH, Müller S, Muller S, Münger K, Münz C, Murphy LO, Murphy ME, Musarò A, Mysorekar I, Nagata E, Nagata K, Nahimana A, Nair U, Nakagawa T, Nakahira K, Nakano H, Nakatogawa H, Nanjundan M, Naqvi NI, Narendra DP, Narita M, Navarro M, Nawrocki ST, Nazarko TY, Nemchenko A, Netea MG, Neufeld TP, Ney PA, Nezis IP, Nguyen HP, Nie D, Nishino I, Nislow C, Nixon RA, Noda T, Noegel AA, Nogalska A, Noguchi S, Notterpek L, Novak I, Nozaki T, Nukina N, Nürnberger T, Nyfeler B, Obara K, Oberley TD, Oddo S, Ogawa M, Ohashi T, Okamoto K, Oleinick NL, Oliver FJ, Olsen LJ, Olsson S, Opota O, Osborne TF, Ostrander GK, Otsu K, Ou JHJ, Ouimet M, Overholtzer M, Ozpolat B, Paganetti P, Pagnini U, Pallet N, Palmer GE, Palumbo C, Pan T, Panaretakis T, Pandey UB, Papackova Z, Papassideri I, Paris I, Park J, Park OK, Parys JB, Parzych KR, Patschan S, Patterson C, Pattingre S, Pawelek JM, Peng J, Perlmutter DH, Perrotta I, Perry G, Pervaiz S, Peter M, Peters GJ, Petersen M, Petrovski G, Phang JM, Piacentini M, Pierre P, Pierrefite-Carle V, Pierron G, Pinkas-Kramarski R, Piras A, Piri N, Platanias LC, Pöggeler S, Poirot M, Poletti A, Poüs C, Pozuelo-Rubio M, Prætorius-Ibba M, Prasad A, Prescott M, Priault M, Produit-Zengaffinen N, Progulske-Fox A, Proikas-Cezanne T, Przedborski S, Przyklenk K, Puertollano R, Puyal J, Qian SB, Qin L, Qin ZH, Quaggin SE, Raben N, Rabinowich H, Rabkin SW, Rahman I, Rami A, Ramm G, Randall G, Randow F, Rao VA, Rathmell JC, Ravikumar B, Ray SK, Reed BH, Reed JC, Reggiori F, Régnier-Vigouroux A, Reichert AS, Reiners, Jr. JJ, Reiter RJ, Ren J, Revuelta JL, Rhodes CJ, Ritis K, Rizzo E, Robbins J, Roberge M, Roca H, Roccheri MC, Rocchi S, Rodemann HP, Rodríguez de Córdoba S, Rohrer B, Roninson IB, Rosen K, Rost-Roszkowska MM, Rouis M, Rouschop KM, Rovetta F, Rubin BP, Rubinsztein DC, Ruckdeschel K, Rucker EB, Rudich A, Rudolf E, Ruiz-Opazo N, Russo R, Rusten TE, Ryan KM, Ryter SW, Sabatini DM, Sadoshima J, Saha T, Saitoh T, Sakagami H, Sakai Y, Salekdeh GH, Salomoni P, Salvaterra PM, Salvesen G, Salvioli R, Sanchez AM, Sánchez-Alcázar JA, Sánchez-Prieto R, Sandri M, Sankar U, Sansanwal P, Santambrogio L, Saran S, Sarkar S, Sarwal M, Sasakawa C, Sasnauskiene A, Sass M, Sato K, Sato M, Schapira AH, Scharl M, Schätzl HM, Scheper W, Schiaffino S, Schneider C, Schneider ME, Schneider-Stock R, Schoenlein PV, Schorderet DF, Schüller C, Schwartz GK, Scorrano L, Sealy L, Seglen PO, Segura-Aguilar J, Seiliez I, Seleverstov O, Sell C, Seo JB, Separovic D, Setaluri V, Setoguchi T, Settembre C, Shacka JJ, Shanmugam M, Shapiro IM, Shaulian E, Shaw RJ, Shelhamer JH, Shen HM. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy. Autophagy 2012. [DOI: 10.4161/auto.19496 order by 1-- #] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
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