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Getz GS, Reardon CA. Insights from Murine Studies on the Site Specificity of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6375. [PMID: 38928086 PMCID: PMC11204064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory reaction that develops at specific regions within the artery wall and at specific sites of the arterial tree over a varying time frame in response to a variety of risk factors. The mechanisms that account for the interaction of systemic factors and atherosclerosis-susceptible regions of the arterial tree to mediate this site-specific development of atherosclerosis are not clear. The dynamics of blood flow has a major influence on where in the arterial tree atherosclerosis develops, priming the site for interactions with atherosclerotic risk factors and inducing cellular and molecular participants in atherogenesis. But how this accounts for lesion development at various locations along the vascular tree across differing time frames still requires additional study. Currently, murine models are favored for the experimental study of atherogenesis and provide the most insight into the mechanisms that may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Based largely on these studies, in this review, we discuss the role of hemodynamic shear stress, SR-B1, and other factors that may contribute to the site-specific development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey S. Getz
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
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2
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Wang Y, Zou Y, Jiang Q, Li W, Chai X, Zhao T, Liu S, Yuan Z, Yu C, Wang T. Ox-LDL-induced CD80 + macrophages expand pro-atherosclerotic NKT cells via CD1d in atherosclerotic mice and hyperlipidemic patients. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1563-C1572. [PMID: 38586879 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00043.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of blood vessels involving the immune system. Natural killer T (NKT) cells, as crucial components of the innate and acquired immune systems, play critical roles in the development of atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism and clinical relevance of NKT cells in early atherosclerosis are largely unclear. The study investigated the mechanism influencing NKT cell function in apoE deficiency-induced early atherosclerosis. Our findings demonstrated that there were higher populations of NKT cells and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-producing NKT cells in the peripheral blood of patients with hyperlipidemia and in the aorta, blood, spleen, and bone marrow of early atherosclerotic mice compared with the control groups. Moreover, we discovered that the infiltration of CD80+ macrophages and CD1d expression on CD80+ macrophages in atherosclerotic mice climbed remarkably. CD1d expression increased in CD80+ macrophages stimulated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) ex vivo and in vitro. Ex vivo coculture of macrophages with NKT cells revealed that ox-LDL-induced CD80+ macrophages presented lipid antigen α-Galcer (alpha-galactosylceramide) to NKT cells via CD1d, enabling NKT cells to express more IFN-γ. Furthermore, a greater proportion of CD1d+ monocytes and CD1d+CD80+ monocytes were found in peripheral blood of hyperlipidemic patients compared with that of healthy donors. Positive correlations were found between CD1d+CD80+ monocytes and NKT cells or IFN-γ+ NKT cells in hyperlipidemic patients. Our findings illustrated that CD80+ macrophages stimulated NKT cells to secrete IFN-γ via CD1d-presenting α-Galcer, which may accelerate the progression of early atherosclerosis. Inhibiting lipid antigen presentation by CD80+ macrophages to NKT cells may be a promising immune target for the treatment of early atherosclerosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work proposed the ox-LDL-CD80+ monocyte/macrophage-CD1d-NKT cell-IFN-γ axis in the progression of atherosclerosis. The proinflammatory IFN-γ+ NKT cells are closely related to CD1d+CD80+ monocytes in hyperlipidemic patients. Inhibiting CD80+ macrophages to present lipid antigens to NKT cells through CD1d blocking may be a new therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Chai
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingrui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyi Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Rios FJ, de Ciuceis C, Georgiopoulos G, Lazaridis A, Nosalski R, Pavlidis G, Tual-Chalot S, Agabiti-Rosei C, Camargo LL, Dąbrowska E, Quarti-Trevano F, Hellmann M, Masi S, Lopreiato M, Mavraganis G, Mengozzi A, Montezano AC, Stavropoulos K, Winklewski PJ, Wolf J, Costantino S, Doumas M, Gkaliagkousi E, Grassi G, Guzik TJ, Ikonomidis I, Narkiewicz K, Paneni F, Rizzoni D, Stamatelopoulos K, Stellos K, Taddei S, Touyz RM, Virdis A. Mechanisms of Vascular Inflammation and Potential Therapeutic Targets: A Position Paper From the ESH Working Group on Small Arteries. Hypertension 2024; 81:1218-1232. [PMID: 38511317 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses in small vessels play an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, stroke, and small vessel disease. This involves various complex molecular processes including oxidative stress, inflammasome activation, immune-mediated responses, and protein misfolding, which together contribute to microvascular damage. In addition, epigenetic factors, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs influence vascular inflammation and injury. These phenomena may be acquired during the aging process or due to environmental factors. Activation of proinflammatory signaling pathways and molecular events induce low-grade and chronic inflammation with consequent cardiovascular damage. Identifying mechanism-specific targets might provide opportunities in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Monoclonal antibodies targeting inflammatory cytokines and epigenetic drugs, show promise in reducing microvascular inflammation and associated cardiovascular diseases. In this article, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the complex mechanisms underlying microvascular inflammation and offer insights into innovative therapeutic strategies that may ameliorate vascular injury in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Rios
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (F.J.R., L.L.C., A.C.M., R.M.T.)
| | - Carolina de Ciuceis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia (C.d.C., C.A.-R., D.R.)
| | - Georgios Georgiopoulos
- Angiology and Endothelial Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School (G.G., G.M., K. Stamatelopoulos), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Antonios Lazaridis
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Greece (A.L., E.G.)
| | - Ryszard Nosalski
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences; Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (R.N., T.J.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (R.N., T.J.G.)
| | - George Pavlidis
- Medical School (G.P., I.I.), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Preventive Cardiology Laboratory and Clinic of Cardiometabolic Diseases, 2-Cardiology Department, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece (G.P., I.I.)
| | - Simon Tual-Chalot
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom (S.T.-C., K. Stellos)
| | - Claudia Agabiti-Rosei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia (C.d.C., C.A.-R., D.R.)
| | - Livia L Camargo
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (F.J.R., L.L.C., A.C.M., R.M.T.)
| | - Edyta Dąbrowska
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Center of Translational Medicine (E.D., J.W., K.N.) and M.D.)
| | - Fosca Quarti-Trevano
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (F.Q.-T., G.G.)
| | - Marcin Hellmann
- Cardiac Diagnostics (M.H.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Stefano Masi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (S.M.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
| | - Mariarosaria Lopreiato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
| | - Georgios Mavraganis
- Angiology and Endothelial Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School (G.G., G.M., K. Stamatelopoulos), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Alessandro Mengozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland (A.M., F.P.)
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa (A.M.)
| | - Augusto C Montezano
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (F.J.R., L.L.C., A.C.M., R.M.T.)
| | - Konstantinos Stavropoulos
- Second Medical Department, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece (K. Stavropoulos)
| | - Pawel J Winklewski
- Departments of Human Physiology (P.J.W.), Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Wolf
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Center of Translational Medicine (E.D., J.W., K.N.) and M.D.)
| | - Sarah Costantino
- University Heart Center (S.C., F.P.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Doumas
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Center of Translational Medicine (E.D., J.W., K.N.) and M.D.)
| | - Eugenia Gkaliagkousi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Greece (A.L., E.G.)
| | - Guido Grassi
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (F.Q.-T., G.G.)
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences; Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (R.N., T.J.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (R.N., T.J.G.)
| | - Ignatios Ikonomidis
- Medical School (G.P., I.I.), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Preventive Cardiology Laboratory and Clinic of Cardiometabolic Diseases, 2-Cardiology Department, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece (G.P., I.I.)
| | - Krzysztof Narkiewicz
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Center of Translational Medicine (E.D., J.W., K.N.) and M.D.)
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland (A.M., F.P.)
- University Heart Center (S.C., F.P.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education (F.P.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Damiano Rizzoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia (C.d.C., C.A.-R., D.R.)
- Division of Medicine, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy (D.R.)
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Angiology and Endothelial Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School (G.G., G.M., K. Stamatelopoulos), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom (S.T.-C., K. Stellos)
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim (K. Stellos), Heidelberg University, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Mannheim (K. Stellos), Heidelberg University, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Heidelberg/Mannheim Partner Site (K. Stellos)
| | - Stefano Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (F.J.R., L.L.C., A.C.M., R.M.T.)
| | - Agostino Virdis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy (S.M., M.L., A.M., S.T., A.V.)
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Diévart F, Bruckert E, Aboyans V, Bekka S, Boccara F, Bourdon Baron Munoz B, Emmerich J, Farnier M, Gallo A, Lemesle G, Paillard F, Schiele F, Kownator S. Management of lipid variables in primary cardiovascular prevention: A position paper from the Heart, Vessels and Metabolism Group of the French Society of Cardiology. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 117:358-378. [PMID: 38762344 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol has been established as a powerful cardiovascular risk factor; its reduction provides a clinical benefit in primary cardiovascular prevention, irrespective of the characteristics of the patients treated. It is useful to tailor low-density lipoprotein cholesterol targets according to the magnitude of cardiovascular risk (low, high or very high) in order to reduce the cardiovascular risk as fully as possible. In order to provide a uniform approach, it is necessary to propose recommendations for good practice, defining strategies for reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It is also necessary to know their merits, to analyse their practical limits and to propose adaptations, taking into account limitations and national specifics. This position paper aims to analyse the contribution and limits, as well as the adaptation to French practice, of 2019 and 2021 European Society of Cardiology recommendations for the management of lipid variables and cardiovascular prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Diévart
- Elsan clinique Villette, 18, rue Parmentier, 59240 Dunkerque, France.
| | | | | | - Saïd Bekka
- Institut de diabétologie et nutrition du centre, 28300 Mainvilliers, France
| | | | | | | | - Michel Farnier
- Institut de recherche cardiovasculaire, CHU François-Mitterrand, 21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - Gilles Lemesle
- Institut cœur-poumon, CHRU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
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Sturek JM, Hannan RT, Upadhye A, Otoupalova E, Faron ET, Atya AAE, Thomas C, Johnson V, Miller A, Garmey JC, Burdick MD, Barker TH, Kadl A, Shim YM, McNamara CA. A protective role for B-1 cells and oxidation-specific epitope IgM in lung fibrosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.11.589137. [PMID: 38659897 PMCID: PMC11042183 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.11.589137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a morbid fibrotic lung disease with limited treatment options. The pathophysiology of IPF remains poorly understood, and elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of IPF pathogenesis is key to the development of new therapeutics. B-1 cells are an innate B cell population which play an important role linking innate and adaptive immunity. B-1 cells spontaneously secrete natural IgM and prevent inflammation in several disease states. One class of these IgM recognize oxidation-specific epitopes (OSE), which have been shown to be generated in lung injury and to promote fibrosis. A main B-1 cell reservoir is the pleural space, adjacent to the typical distribution of fibrosis in IPF. In this study, we demonstrate that B-1 cells are recruited to the lung during injury where they secrete IgM to OSE (IgM OSE ). We also show that the pleural B-1 cell reservoir responds to lung injury through regulation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Mechanistically we show that the transcription factor Id3 is a novel negative regulator of CXCR4 expression. Using mice with B-cell specific Id3 deficiency, a model of increased B-1b cells, we demonstrate decreased bleomycin-induced fibrosis compared to littermate controls. Furthermore, we show that mice deficient in secretory IgM ( sIgM -/- ) have higher mortality in response to bleomycin-induced lung injury, which is partially mitigated through airway delivery of the IgM OSE E06. Additionally, we provide insight into potential mechanisms of IgM in attenuation of fibrosis through RNA sequencing and pathway analysis, highlighting complement activation and extracellular matrix deposition as key differentially regulated pathways.
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Dennis E, Murach M, Blackburn CM, Marshall M, Root K, Pattarabanjird T, Deroissart J, Erickson LD, Binder CJ, Bekiranov S, McNamara CA. Loss of TET2 increases B-1 cell number and IgM production while limiting CDR3 diversity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380641. [PMID: 38601144 PMCID: PMC11004297 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated a role for Ten-Eleven Translocation-2 (TET2), an epigenetic modulator, in regulating germinal center formation and plasma cell differentiation in B-2 cells, yet the role of TET2 in regulating B-1 cells is largely unknown. Here, B-1 cell subset numbers, IgM production, and gene expression were analyzed in mice with global knockout of TET2 compared to wildtype (WT) controls. Results revealed that TET2-KO mice had elevated numbers of B-1a and B-1b cells in their primary niche, the peritoneal cavity, as well as in the bone marrow (B-1a) and spleen (B-1b). Consistent with this finding, circulating IgM, but not IgG, was elevated in TET2-KO mice compared to WT. Analysis of bulk RNASeq of sort purified peritoneal B-1a and B-1b cells revealed reduced expression of heavy and light chain immunoglobulin genes, predominantly in B-1a cells from TET2-KO mice compared to WT controls. As expected, the expression of IgM transcripts was the most abundant isotype in B-1 cells. Yet, only in B-1a cells there was a significant increase in the proportion of IgM transcripts in TET2-KO mice compared to WT. Analysis of the CDR3 of the BCR revealed an increased abundance of replicated CDR3 sequences in B-1 cells from TET2-KO mice, which was more clearly pronounced in B-1a compared to B-1b cells. V-D-J usage and circos plot analysis of V-J combinations showed enhanced usage of VH11 and VH12 pairings. Taken together, our study is the first to demonstrate that global loss of TET2 increases B-1 cell number and IgM production and reduces CDR3 diversity, which could impact many biological processes and disease states that are regulated by IgM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Dennis
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Maria Murach
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Cassidy M.R. Blackburn
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Melissa Marshall
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Katherine Root
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Tanyaporn Pattarabanjird
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Justine Deroissart
- Department for Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Loren D. Erickson
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Christoph J. Binder
- Department for Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Bekiranov
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Coleen A. McNamara
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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Abstract
Prolonged or excessive exposure to oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) generates chronic inflammation. OxPLs are present in atherosclerotic lesions and can be detected in plasma on apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins. When initially conceptualized, OxPL-apoB measurement in plasma was expected to reflect the concentration of minimally oxidized LDL, but, surprisingly, it correlated more strongly with plasma lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels. Indeed, experimental and clinical studies show that Lp(a) particles carry the largest fraction of OxPLs among apoB-containing lipoproteins. Plasma OxPL-apoB levels provide diagnostic information on the presence and extent of atherosclerosis and improve the prognostication of peripheral artery disease and first and recurrent myocardial infarction and stroke. The addition of OxPL-apoB measurements to traditional cardiovascular risk factors improves risk reclassification, particularly in patients in intermediate risk categories, for whom improving decision-making is most impactful. Moreover, plasma OxPL-apoB levels predict cardiovascular events with similar or greater accuracy than plasma Lp(a) levels, probably because this measurement reflects both the genetics of elevated Lp(a) levels and the generalized or localized oxidation that modifies apoB-containing lipoproteins and leads to inflammation. Plasma OxPL-apoB levels are reduced by Lp(a)-lowering therapy with antisense oligonucleotides and by lipoprotein apheresis, niacin therapy and bariatric surgery. In this Review, we discuss the role of role OxPLs in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and Lp(a) atherogenicity, and the use of OxPL-apoB measurement for improving prognosis, risk reclassification and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Tsimikas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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8
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Pinos I, Coronel J, Albakri A, Blanco A, McQueen P, Molina D, Sim J, Fisher EA, Amengual J. β-Carotene accelerates the resolution of atherosclerosis in mice. eLife 2024; 12:RP87430. [PMID: 38319073 PMCID: PMC10945528 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
β-Carotene oxygenase 1 (BCO1) catalyzes the cleavage of β-carotene to form vitamin A. Besides its role in vision, vitamin A regulates the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and immune cell differentiation. BCO1 activity is associated with the reduction of plasma cholesterol in humans and mice, while dietary β-carotene reduces hepatic lipid secretion and delays atherosclerosis progression in various experimental models. Here we show that β-carotene also accelerates atherosclerosis resolution in two independent murine models, independently of changes in body weight gain or plasma lipid profile. Experiments in Bco1-/- mice implicate vitamin A production in the effects of β-carotene on atherosclerosis resolution. To explore the direct implication of dietary β-carotene on regulatory T cells (Tregs) differentiation, we utilized anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody infusions. Our data show that β-carotene favors Treg expansion in the plaque, and that the partial inhibition of Tregs mitigates the effect of β-carotene on atherosclerosis resolution. Our data highlight the potential of β-carotene and BCO1 activity in the resolution of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Pinos
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Johana Coronel
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Asma'a Albakri
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Amparo Blanco
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Patrick McQueen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Donald Molina
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - JaeYoung Sim
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
| | - Edward A Fisher
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jaume Amengual
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaUnited States
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9
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Pan Q, Chen C, Yang YJ. Top Five Stories of the Cellular Landscape and Therapies of Atherosclerosis: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:1-27. [PMID: 38057537 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2818-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is characterized by impairment and apoptosis of endothelial cells, continuous systemic and focal inflammation and dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells, which is documented as the traditional cellular paradigm. However, the mechanisms appear much more complicated than we thought since a bulk of studies on efferocytosis, transdifferentiation and novel cell death forms such as ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and extracellular trap were reported. Discovery of novel pathological cellular landscapes provides a large number of therapeutic targets. On the other side, the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of current treatment with lipid-lowering drugs as the cornerstone also restricts the efforts to reduce global AS burden. Stem cell- or nanoparticle-based strategies spurred a lot of attention due to the attractive therapeutic effects and minimized adverse effects. Given the complexity of pathological changes of AS, attempts to develop an almighty medicine based on single mechanisms could be theoretically challenging. In this review, the top stories in the cellular landscapes during the initiation and progression of AS and the therapies were summarized in an integrated perspective to facilitate efforts to develop a multi-targets strategy and fill the gap between mechanism research and clinical translation. The future challenges and improvements were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
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10
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Chen W, Li Y, Li M, Li H, Chen C, Lin Y. Association between dietary carotenoid intakes and abdominal aortic calcification in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:20. [PMID: 38303096 PMCID: PMC10835982 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is an important marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular disease. This study aims to explore the association between carotenoid intakes and AAC. METHODS We included 2889 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary carotenoid intakes were obtained through 24-h dietary recall interviews. Severe AAC was defined as a Kauppila score > 5. The main analysis utilizes logistic and restricted cubic spline models. RESULT Severe AAC was detected in 378 (13.08%) participants. In fully adjusted models, the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein with zeaxanthin and total carotenoid intakes for individuals with severe AAC were 0.53 (0.23-0.77), 0.39 (0.19-0.80), 0.18 (0.05-0.62), 0.40 (0.20-0.78), 0.53 (0.32-0.88) and 0.38 (0.18-0.77) in the highest versus lowest quartile intake, respectively. Dose-response analyses revealed that all of the carotenoids were associated with decreased risk of severe AAC in a nonlinear trend. Total carotenoid intakes of at least 100ug/kg/day were associated with decreased odds for severe AAC. CONCLUSION α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein with zeaxanthin and total carotenoids were inversely associated with the risk of severe AAC in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111, Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nutrition of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, 528225, China
| | - Yuanqing Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Min Li
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hai Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111, Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Caifang Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nutrition of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, 528225, China.
| | - Yanzhao Lin
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111, Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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11
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Gonzalez AL, Dungan MM, Smart CD, Madhur MS, Doran AC. Inflammation Resolution in the Cardiovascular System: Arterial Hypertension, Atherosclerosis, and Ischemic Heart Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:292-316. [PMID: 37125445 PMCID: PMC11071112 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Chronic inflammation has emerged as a major underlying cause of many prevalent conditions in the Western world, including cardiovascular diseases. Although targeting inflammation has emerged as a promising avenue by which to treat cardiovascular disease, it is also associated with increased risk of infection. Recent Advances: Though previously assumed to be passive, resolution has now been identified as an active process, mediated by unique immunoresolving mediators and mechanisms designed to terminate acute inflammation and promote tissue repair. Recent work has determined that failures of resolution contribute to chronic inflammation and the progression of human disease. Specifically, failure to produce pro-resolving mediators and the impaired clearance of dead cells from inflamed tissue have been identified as major mechanisms by which resolution fails in disease. Critical Issues: Drawing from a rapidly expanding body of experimental and clinical studies, we review here what is known about the role of inflammation resolution in arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and ischemic heart disease. For each, we discuss the involvement of specialized pro-resolving mediators and pro-reparative cell types, including T regulatory cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and macrophages. Future Directions: Pro-resolving therapies offer the promise of limiting chronic inflammation without impairing host defense. Therefore, it is imperative to better understand the mechanisms underlying resolution to identify therapeutic targets. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 292-316.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azuah L. Gonzalez
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthew M. Dungan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - C. Duncan Smart
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Meena S. Madhur
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Amanda C. Doran
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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12
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Su Z, Wang J, Xiao C, Zhong W, Liu J, Liu X, Zhu YZ. Functional role of Ash2l in oxLDL induced endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:62. [PMID: 38280036 PMCID: PMC10821849 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial injury and dysfunction in the artery wall fuel the process of atherosclerosis. As a key epigenetic regulator, Ash2l (Absent, small, or homeotic-Like 2) is involved in regulating vascular injury and its complications. However, the role of Ash2l in atherosclerosis has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we found increased Ash2l expression in high-cholesterol diet-fed ApoE-/- mice and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) treated endothelial cells (ECs). Furthermore, Ash2l promoted the scavenger receptors transcription by catalyzing histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) trimethylation at the promoter region of transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and triggered the activation of the pro-inflammatory nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) by enhancing interaction between CD36 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Meanwhile, enhanced expression of scavenger receptors drove more oxLDL uptake by ECs. In vivo studies revealed that ECs-specific Ash2l knockdown reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation and promoted fibrous cap stability in the aorta of ApoE-/- mice, which was partly associated with a reduced endothelial activation by suppressing scavenger receptors and the uptake of lipids by ECs. Collectively, our findings identify Ash2l as a novel regulator that mediates endothelial injury and atherosclerosis. Targeting Ash2l may provide valuable insights for developing novel therapeutic candidates for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Su
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jinghuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chenxi Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiayao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Pharmacophenomics Laboratory, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 825, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and 1st affiliate hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa, Macau, China.
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13
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Pinos I, Coronel J, Albakri A, Blanco A, McQueen P, Molina D, Sim J, Fisher EA, Amengual J. β-carotene accelerates the resolution of atherosclerosis in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.07.531563. [PMID: 36945561 PMCID: PMC10028884 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.07.531563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
β-carotene oxygenase 1 (BCO1) catalyzes the cleavage of β-carotene to form vitamin A. Besides its role in vision, vitamin A regulates the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and immune cell differentiation. BCO1 activity is associated with the reduction of plasma cholesterol in humans and mice, while dietary β-carotene reduces hepatic lipid secretion and delays atherosclerosis progression in various experimental models. Here we show that β-carotene also accelerates atherosclerosis resolution in two independent murine models, independently of changes in body weight gain or plasma lipid profile. Experiments in Bco1-/- mice implicate vitamin A production in the effects of β-carotene on atherosclerosis resolution. To explore the direct implication of dietary β-carotene on regulatory T cells (Tregs) differentiation, we utilized anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody infusions. Our data show that β-carotene favors Treg expansion in the plaque, and that the partial inhibition of Tregs mitigates the effect of β-carotene on atherosclerosis resolution. Our data highlight the potential of β-carotene and BCO1 activity in the resolution of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Pinos
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Johana Coronel
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Asma'a Albakri
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Amparo Blanco
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Patrick McQueen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Donald Molina
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - JaeYoung Sim
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Edward A Fisher
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, NY
| | - Jaume Amengual
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL
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14
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Tan J, Liang Y, Yang Z, He Q, Tong J, Deng Y, Guo W, Liang K, Tang J, Shi W, Yu B. Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Crucial Cell Subsets and Functional Heterogeneity Associated With Carotid Atherosclerosis and Cerebrovascular Events. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2312-2332. [PMID: 37881939 PMCID: PMC10659258 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.318974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder and is responsible for the vast majority of ischemic strokes. Inappropriate innate and adaptive immune responses synergize with malfunctional vascular wall cells to cause atherosclerotic lesions. Yet, functional characteristics of specific immune and endothelial cell subsets associated with atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular events are poorly understood. METHODS Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing, the unprecedentedly largest data set from 20 patients' carotid artery plaques and paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells was generated, with which an ultra-high-precision cellular landscape of the atherosclerotic microenvironment involving 372 070 cells was depicted. RESULTS Compared with peripheral blood mononuclear cells, 3 plaque-specific T-cell subsets exhibiting proatherogenic features of both activation and exhaustion were identified. Strikingly, usually antiatherogenic, CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells from plaques of patients with symptomatic disease acquired proinflammatory properties by probably converting to T helper 17 and T helper 9 cells, while CD4+NR4A1+/C0 and CD8+SLC4A10+ T cells related to cerebrovascular events possessed atherogenic attributes including proinflammation, polarization, and exhaustion. In addition, monocyte-macrophage dynamics dominated innate immune response. Two plaque-specific monocyte subsets performed diametrically opposed functions, EREG+ monocytes promoted cerebrovascular events while C3+ monocytes are anti-inflammatory. Similarly, IGF1+ and HS3ST2+ macrophages with classical proinflammatory M1 macrophage features were annotated and contributed to cerebrovascular events. Moreover, SULF1+ (sulfatase-1) endothelial cells were also found to participate in cerebrovascular events through affecting plaque vulnerability. CONCLUSIONS This compendium of single-cell transcriptome data provides valuable insights into the cellular heterogeneity of the atherosclerotic microenvironment and the development of more precise cardiovascular immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Tan
- Vascular Surgery Division, General Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J. Tan, Q.H., W.G., K.L., W.S., B.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Z.Y., J. Tong, J. Tang, W.S., B.Y.)
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Y.D.)
| | - Yongjun Liang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China (Y.L., J. Tong, Y.D., J. Tang, B.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Z.Y., J. Tong, J. Tang, W.S., B.Y.)
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Y.D.)
| | - Zhou Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Z.Y., J. Tong, J. Tang, W.S., B.Y.)
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China (Z.Y.)
| | - Qing He
- Vascular Surgery Division, General Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J. Tan, Q.H., W.G., K.L., W.S., B.Y.)
| | - Jindong Tong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China (Y.L., J. Tong, Y.D., J. Tang, B.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Z.Y., J. Tong, J. Tang, W.S., B.Y.)
| | - Ying Deng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China (Y.L., J. Tong, Y.D., J. Tang, B.Y.)
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Y.D.)
| | - Wencheng Guo
- Vascular Surgery Division, General Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J. Tan, Q.H., W.G., K.L., W.S., B.Y.)
| | - Kun Liang
- Vascular Surgery Division, General Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J. Tan, Q.H., W.G., K.L., W.S., B.Y.)
| | - Jingdong Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China (Y.L., J. Tong, Y.D., J. Tang, B.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Z.Y., J. Tong, J. Tang, W.S., B.Y.)
| | - Weihao Shi
- Vascular Surgery Division, General Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J. Tan, Q.H., W.G., K.L., W.S., B.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Z.Y., J. Tong, J. Tang, W.S., B.Y.)
| | - Bo Yu
- Vascular Surgery Division, General Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J. Tan, Q.H., W.G., K.L., W.S., B.Y.)
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China (Y.L., J. Tong, Y.D., J. Tang, B.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, China (J. Tan, Y.L., Z.Y., J. Tong, J. Tang, W.S., B.Y.)
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15
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Smit V, de Mol J, Schaftenaar FH, Depuydt MAC, Postel RJ, Smeets D, Verheijen FWM, Bogers L, van Duijn J, Verwilligen RAF, Grievink HW, Bernabé Kleijn MNA, van Ingen E, de Jong MJM, Goncalves L, Peeters JAHM, Smeets HJ, Wezel A, Polansky JK, de Winther MPJ, Binder CJ, Tsiantoulas D, Bot I, Kuiper J, Foks AC. Single-cell profiling reveals age-associated immunity in atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2508-2521. [PMID: 37390467 PMCID: PMC10676459 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Aging is a dominant driver of atherosclerosis and induces a series of immunological alterations, called immunosenescence. Given the demographic shift towards elderly, elucidating the unknown impact of aging on the immunological landscape in atherosclerosis is highly relevant. While the young Western diet-fed Ldlr-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mouse is a widely used model to study atherosclerosis, it does not reflect the gradual plaque progression in the context of an aging immune system as occurs in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we show that aging promotes advanced atherosclerosis in chow diet-fed Ldlr-/- mice, with increased incidence of calcification and cholesterol crystals. We observed systemic immunosenescence, including myeloid skewing and T-cells with more extreme effector phenotypes. Using a combination of single-cell RNA-sequencing and flow cytometry on aortic leucocytes of young vs. aged Ldlr-/- mice, we show age-related shifts in expression of genes involved in atherogenic processes, such as cellular activation and cytokine production. We identified age-associated cells with pro-inflammatory features, including GzmK+CD8+ T-cells and previously in atherosclerosis undefined CD11b+CD11c+T-bet+ age-associated B-cells (ABCs). ABCs of Ldlr-/- mice showed high expression of genes involved in plasma cell differentiation, co-stimulation, and antigen presentation. In vitro studies supported that ABCs are highly potent antigen-presenting cells. In cardiovascular disease patients, we confirmed the presence of these age-associated T- and B-cells in atherosclerotic plaques and blood. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we are the first to provide comprehensive profiling of aged immunity in atherosclerotic mice and reveal the emergence of age-associated T- and B-cells in the atherosclerotic aorta. Further research into age-associated immunity may contribute to novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools to combat cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Smit
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jill de Mol
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frank H Schaftenaar
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie A C Depuydt
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rimke J Postel
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Diede Smeets
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fenne W M Verheijen
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens Bogers
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Janine van Duijn
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robin A F Verwilligen
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrika W Grievink
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Zernikedreef 8, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mireia N A Bernabé Kleijn
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van Ingen
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike J M de Jong
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lauren Goncalves
- Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center—location Westeinde, Lijnbaan 32, 2515 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Judith A H M Peeters
- Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center—location Westeinde, Lijnbaan 32, 2515 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Harm J Smeets
- Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center—location Westeinde, Lijnbaan 32, 2515 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk Wezel
- Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center—location Westeinde, Lijnbaan 32, 2515 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Julia K Polansky
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers—location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT25.2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dimitrios Tsiantoulas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT25.2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ilze Bot
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda C Foks
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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16
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Ma Y, Sun W, Ye Z, Liu L, Li M, Shang J, Xu X, Cao H, Xu L, Liu Y, Kong X, Song G, Zhang XB. Oxidative stress biomarker triggered multiplexed tool for auxiliary diagnosis of atherosclerosis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh1037. [PMID: 37831761 PMCID: PMC10575586 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is integral in the development of atherosclerosis, but knowledge of how oxidative stress affects atherosclerosis remains insufficient. Here, we design a multiplexed diagnostic tool that includes two functions (photoacoustic imaging and urinalysis), for assessing intraplaque and urinary malondialdehyde (MDA), a well-recognized end-product of oxidative stress. Molecular design is conducted to develop the first near-infrared MDA-responsive molecule (MRM). Acid-unlocked ratiometric photoacoustic nanoprobe is designed to report intraplaque MDA, enabling it to reflect plaque burden. Furthermore, MRM is tailored for urinary MDA detection with excellent specificity in a blind study. Moreover, we found a significant difference in urinary MDA between healthy adults and atherosclerotic patients (more than 600 participants). Combining these two functions, such a multiplexed diagnostic tool can dynamically report intraplaque and systemic oxidative stress levels during atherosclerosis progression, pneumonia infection, and drug treatment in atherosclerotic mice, which is promising for the auxiliary diagnosis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhifei Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Liuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Menghuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jinhui Shang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yongchao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Guosheng Song
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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Zhu J, Liu J, Yan C, Wang D, Pan W. Trained immunity: a cutting edge approach for designing novel vaccines against parasitic diseases? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1252554. [PMID: 37868995 PMCID: PMC10587610 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1252554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The preventive situation of parasitosis, a global public health burden especially for developing countries, is not looking that good. Similar to other infections, vaccines would be the best choice for preventing and controlling parasitic infection. However, ideal antigenic molecules for vaccine development have not been identified so far, resulting from the complicated life history and enormous genomes of the parasites. Furthermore, the suppression or down-regulation of anti-infectious immunity mediated by the parasites or their derived molecules can compromise the effect of parasitic vaccines. Comparing the early immune profiles of several parasites in the permissive and non-permissive hosts, a robust innate immune response is proposed to be a critical event to eliminate the parasites. Therefore, enhancing innate immunity may be essential for designing novel and effective parasitic vaccines. The newly emerging trained immunity (also termed innate immune memory) has been increasingly recognized to provide a novel perspective for vaccine development targeting innate immunity. This article reviews the current status of parasitic vaccines and anti-infectious immunity, as well as the conception, characteristics, and mechanisms of trained immunity and its research progress in Parasitology, highlighting the possible consideration of trained immunity in designing novel vaccines against parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dahui Wang
- Liangshan College (Li Shui) China, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Tang Z, Wang L, Wang Q. Letter: Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Is a Potential Biomarker for Cardiovascular Disease Development. Angiology 2023:33197231205133. [PMID: 37776302 DOI: 10.1177/00033197231205133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Lanhua Wang
- Cardiologic Color Doppler Room, Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Qingbo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
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Wang T, Cheng Z, Zhao R, Cheng J, Ren H, Zhang P, Liu P, Hao Q, Zhang Q, Yu X, Sun D, Zhang D. Sirt6 enhances macrophage lipophagy and improves lipid metabolism disorder by regulating the Wnt1/β-catenin pathway in atherosclerosis. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:156. [PMID: 37736721 PMCID: PMC10515036 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorders are considerably involved in the pathology of atherosclerosis; nevertheless, the fundamental mechanism is still largely unclear. This research sought to examine the function of lipophagy in lipid metabolism disorder-induced atherosclerosis and its fundamental mechanisms. Previously, Sirt6 has been reported to stimulate plaque stability by promoting macrophage autophagy. However, its role in macrophage lipophagy and its relationship with Wnt1 remains to be established. In this study, ApoE-/-: Sirt6-/- and ApoE-/-: Sirt6Tg mice were used and lipid droplets were analysed via transmission electron microscopy and Bodipy 493/503 staining in vitro. Atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE-/-: Sirt6-/- mice showed greater necrotic cores and lower stability score. Reconstitution of Sirt6 in atherosclerotic mice improved lipid metabolism disorder and prevented the progression of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, macrophages with Ac-LDL intervention showed more lipid droplets and increased expression of adipophilin and PLIN2. Reconstitution of Sirt6 recruited using SNF2H suppressed Wnt1 expression and improved lipid metabolism disorder by promoting lipophagy. In addition, downregulation of Sirt6 expression in Ac-LDL-treated macrophages inhibited lipid droplet degradation and stimulated foam cell formation. Innovative discoveries in the research revealed that atherosclerosis is caused by lipid metabolism disorders due to downregulated Sirt6 expression. Thus, modulating Sirt6's function in lipid metabolism might be a useful therapeutic approach for treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zheng Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - He Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Pengke Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Pengyun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qimeng Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaolei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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20
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Chen Y, Xie K, Han Y, Xu Q, Zhao X. An Easy-to-Use Nomogram Based on SII and SIRI to Predict in-Hospital Mortality Risk in Elderly Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4061-4071. [PMID: 37724318 PMCID: PMC10505402 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s427149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Inflammatory response is closely associated with poor prognosis in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of this study was to develop an easy-to-use predictive model based on medical history data at admission, systemic immune inflammatory index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) to predict the risk of in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with AMI. Methods We enrolled 1550 elderly AMI patients (aged ≥60 years) with complete medical history data and randomized them 5:5 to the training and validation cohorts. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to screen risk factors associated with outcome events (in-hospital death) and to establish a nomogram. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical application value of nomogram were evaluated based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA), respectively. Results The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that age, body mass index (BMI), previous stroke, diabetes, SII, and SIRI were associated with in-hospital death, and these indicators will be included in the final prediction model, which can be obtained by asking the patient's medical history and blood routine examination in the early stage of admission and can improve the utilization rate of the prediction model. The areas under the ROC curve for the training and validation cohorts nomogram were 0.824 (95% CI 0.796 to 0.851) and 0.809 (95% CI 0.780 to 0.836), respectively. Calibration curves and DCA showed that nomogram could better predict the risk of in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with AMI. Conclusion The nomogram constructed by combining SII, SIRI, and partial medical history data (age, BMI, previous stroke, and diabetes) at admission has a good predictive effect on the risk of in-hospital death in elderly patients with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kailing Xie
- Department of Second Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
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21
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Taleb A, Willeit P, Amir S, Perkmann T, Kozma MO, Watzenböck ML, Binder CJ, Witztum JL, Tsimikas S. High immunoglobulin-M levels to oxidation-specific epitopes are associated with lower risk of acute myocardial infarction. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100391. [PMID: 37211249 PMCID: PMC10275726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) autoantibodies to oxidation-specific epitopes (OSEs) can be present at birth and protect against atherosclerosis in experimental models. This study sought to determine whether high titers of IgM titers to OSE (IgM OSE) are associated with a lower risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in humans. IgM to malondialdehyde (MDA)-LDL, phosphocholine-modified BSA, IgM apolipoprotein B100-immune complexes, and a peptide mimotope of MDA were measured within 24 h of first AMI in 4,559 patients and 4,617 age- and sex-matched controls in the Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval for AMI. All four IgM OSEs were lower in AMI versus controls (P < 0.001 for all). Males, smokers and individuals with hypertension and diabetes had lower levels of all four IgM OSE than unaffected individuals (P < 0.001 for all). Compared to the lowest quintile, the highest quintiles of IgM MDA-LDL, phosphocholine-modified BSA, IgM apolipoprotein B100-immune complexes, and MDA mimotope P1 had a lower OR of AMI: OR (95% confidence interval) of 0.67 (0.58-0.77), 0.64 (0.56-0.73), 0.70 (0.61-0.80) and 0.72 (0.62-0.82) (P < 0.001 for all), respectively. Upon the addition of IgM OSE to conventional risk factors, the C-statistic improved by 0.0062 (0.0028-0.0095) and net reclassification by 15.5% (11.4-19.6). These findings demonstrate that IgM OSE provides clinically meaningful information and supports the hypothesis that higher levels of IgM OSE may be protective against AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Taleb
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vascular Medicine Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Shahzada Amir
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Perkmann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Austria
| | - Maria Ozsvar Kozma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Austria
| | - Martin L Watzenböck
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Austria
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Austria
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sotirios Tsimikas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vascular Medicine Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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22
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da Costa A, de Carvalho CA, Nascimento ND, de Andrade HF. Scavenger receptors mediate increased uptake of irradiated T.gondii extracts by J774 macrophages. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1559-1569. [PMID: 36862984 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2187475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Protein extracts developed increased immunogenicity without the aid of adjuvants after gamma irradiation. Gamma irradiation of snake venom increased antivenin production by detoxification and enhanced immunity, probably due preferential uptake of irradiated venoms by macrophage scavenger receptors. We studied this uptake of irradiated soluble Toxoplasma gondii extract (STag) by the J774 macrophage cell line similar to antigen presenting cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS We labeled STag by biosynthesis in living tachyzoites with radioactive amino acids before purification and irradiation or by adding labels as biotin or fluorescein in stored STag, for quantitative studies or subcellular distribution visualization. RESULTS There was enhanced binding and uptake of irradiated STag into the cells compared to non-irradiated STag. Using fluorescein labeled antigens and morphological assays, we confirmed that cells avidly ingested both native and irradiated proteins but native STag were digested after ingestion while irradiated proteins remained in the cell, suggesting diverse intracytoplasmic pathways. Native or irradiated STag present the same in vitro sensitivity to three types of peptidases. Inhibitors of scavenger receptors (SRs) such as Dextran sulfate (SR-A1 blocker) or Probucol (SR-B blocker) affect the specific uptake of irradiated antigens, suggesting its association with enhanced immunity. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggests that cell SRs recognize irradiated proteins, mainly SRs for oxidized proteins, leading to antigen uptake by an intracytoplasmic pathway with fewer peptidases that prolongs presentation to nascent major histocompatibility complex I or II and enhances immunity by better antigen presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea da Costa
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nanci do Nascimento
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisa Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heitor Franco de Andrade
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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Wang Z, Gao Z, Zheng Y, Kou J, Song D, Yu X, Dong B, Chen T, Yang Y, Gao X, Wang Q, Ye T, Yang W, Zhang X, Li H, Yang L. Melatonin inhibits atherosclerosis progression via galectin-3 downregulation to enhance autophagy and inhibit inflammation. J Pineal Res 2023; 74:e12855. [PMID: 36692032 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy deficiency in macrophages exacerbates inflammation in atherosclerosis (AS), and recently, galectin-3 (Gal-3) has been implicated as a critical promoter of inflammation in AS. Further, melatonin (Mel) exerts an autophagy-promoting effect in many chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether Mel inhibits AS progression by downregulating Gal-3 to enhance autophagy and inhibit inflammation. Thus, we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments using high-fat diet (HFD)-fed ApoE-/- mice and THP-1 macrophages, respectively. Smart-seq of AS plaque macrophages revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) downregulated by Mel were enriched in immune-related processes, and changes in inflammation status were confirmed based on lower levels of proinflammatory factors in Mel-treated HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice and THP-1 macrophages. Further, via transcriptome-based multiscale network pharmacology platform (TMNP), the upstream target genes of the smart-seq DEGs were identified, and Gal-3 showed a high score. Gal-3 was downregulated both in vivo and in vitro by Mel treatment. Besides, the enrichment of the target genes predicted via the TMNP method indicated that autophagy considerably affected the DEGs. Mel treatment as well as Gal-3 knockdown downregulated most inflammatory response-related proteins could attribute to enhancing autophagy. Mechanistically, Mel treatment inhibited Gal-3 leading to lowering the activity of the nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, and promoting the nuclear localization of transcription factor EB (TFEB). However, increased secretion of Gal-3 activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway and impaired autophagy via binding to CD98. Thus, Mel promoted autophagy and restrained inflammation by downregulating Gal-3, implying that it holds promise as a treatment for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ziyu Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Science and Research Department, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghong Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiayuan Kou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bowen Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianzuo Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xi Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qianxue Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liming Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China
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Jiang B, Zhou X, Yang T, Wang L, Feng L, Wang Z, Xu J, Jing W, Wang T, Su H, Yang G, Zhang Z. The role of autophagy in cardiovascular disease: Cross-interference of signaling pathways and underlying therapeutic targets. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1088575. [PMID: 37063954 PMCID: PMC10090687 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1088575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal pathway for the degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles, which realizes the metabolic needs of cells and the renewal of organelles. Autophagy-related genes (ATGs) are the main molecular mechanisms controlling autophagy, and their functions can coordinate the whole autophagic process. Autophagy can also play a role in cardiovascular disease through several key signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt/mTOR, IGF/EGF, AMPK/mTOR, MAPKs, p53, Nrf2/p62, Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways. In this paper, we reviewed the signaling pathway of cross-interference between autophagy and cardiovascular diseases, and analyzed the development status of novel cardiovascular disease treatment by targeting the core molecular mechanism of autophagy as well as the critical signaling pathway. Induction or inhibition of autophagy through molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways can provide therapeutic benefits for patients. Meanwhile, we hope to provide a unique insight into cardiovascular treatment strategies by understanding the molecular mechanism and signaling pathway of crosstalk between autophagy and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Jiang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longfei Feng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weiyao Jing
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Gansu Province Academic Institute for Medical Research, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixiang Su
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Gansu Province Academic Institute for Medical Research, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - GuoWei Yang
- Center for Heart, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Center for Heart, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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25
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Shi S, Kong S, Ni W, Lu Y, Li J, Huang Y, Chen J, Lin K, Li Y, Ke J, Zhou H. Association of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index with Outcomes in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1343-1356. [PMID: 37006811 PMCID: PMC10065009 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s397615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII; neutrophil × platelet/lymphocyte) is a novel marker for immune and inflammatory status and is associated with adverse prognosis in cardiovascular disease. Methods In total, 744 patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were included in our study, received standard therapies, and were followed up. Patients were divided into high and low SII groups according to the baseline SII. The primary endpoint was major cardiovascular events (MACEs), defined as cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke. Results During a median follow-up of 2.5 years, a total of 185 (24.9%) MACEs were recorded. Analysis of the ROC curve revealed that the best cutoff value of SII was 1159.84×109/L for predicting MACEs. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that those patients in the low SII group had higher survival rates than those in the high SII group (p < 0.001). Compared to those in the low SII group, patients in the high SII group were at significantly higher risk of MACEs (134 (38.8%) vs 51 (12.8%), p < 0.001). Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses revealed that a high SII level was independently associated with MACEs in ACS patients with CKD (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.865, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.197-2.907, p = 0.006). Conclusion The present study showed that an elevated SII is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in ACS with CKD patients, suggesting that SII may be a valuable predictor of poor prognosis in ACS with CKD patients. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanling Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuting Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weicheng Ni
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuheng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinxin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ken Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanmiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Ke
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hao Zhou, Email
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26
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Pascale JV, Wolf A, Kadish Y, Diegisser D, Kulaprathazhe MM, Yemane D, Ali S, Kim N, Baruch DE, Yahaya MAF, Dirice E, Adebesin AM, Falck JR, Schwartzman ML, Garcia V. 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE): Bioactions, receptors, vascular function, cardiometabolic disease and beyond. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 97:229-255. [PMID: 37236760 PMCID: PMC10683332 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Vascular function is dynamically regulated and dependent on a bevy of cell types and factors that work in concert across the vasculature. The vasoactive eicosanoid, 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is a key player in this system influencing the sensitivity of the vasculature to constrictor stimuli, regulating endothelial function, and influencing the renin angiotensin system (RAS), as well as being a driver of vascular remodeling independent of blood pressure elevations. Several of these bioactions are accomplished through the ligand-receptor pairing between 20-HETE and its high-affinity receptor, GPR75. This 20-HETE axis is at the root of various vascular pathologies and processes including ischemia induced angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, septic shock, hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and cardiometabolic diseases including diabetes and insulin resistance. Pharmacologically, several preclinical tools have been developed to disrupt the 20-HETE axis including 20-HETE synthesis inhibitors (DDMS and HET0016), synthetic 20-HETE agonist analogues (20-5,14-HEDE and 20-5,14-HEDGE) and 20-HETE receptor blockers (AAA and 20-SOLA). Systemic or cell-specific therapeutic targeting of the 20-HETE-GPR75 axis continues to be an invaluable approach as studies examine the molecular underpinnings activated by 20-HETE under various physiological settings. In particular, the development and characterization of 20-HETE receptor blockers look to be a promising new class of compounds that can provide a considerable benefit to patients suffering from these cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan V Pascale
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Alexandra Wolf
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Yonaton Kadish
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Danielle Diegisser
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | | | - Danait Yemane
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Samir Ali
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Namhee Kim
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - David E Baruch
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Muhamad Afiq Faisal Yahaya
- Department of Basic Sciences, MAHSA University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Department of Human Anatomy, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ercument Dirice
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Adeniyi M Adebesin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Michal L Schwartzman
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.
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Tian Y, Liu S, Zhang Y, Yang J, Guo P, Zhang H, Yu X, Zou T. Immune infiltration and immunophenotyping in atrial fibrillation. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:213-229. [PMID: 36602538 PMCID: PMC9876632 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a relatively common arrhythmia in clinical practice. Although significant progress has been achieved in the treatment of AF and its associated complications, research on AF prevention lags behind, mainly due to the lack of a deep understanding of AF pathogenesis. In recent years, as our knowledge has grown, the role of the inflammatory/immune response in the occurrence and progression of AF has gradually gained attention. In this paper, based on existing gene expression data in the Gene Expression Omnibus database, a detailed description of immune infiltration status in AF is presented using a series of analytical methods, including differential analysis, Gene Ontology categorization, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, and weighted gene coexpression network analysis, and analysis tools such as CIBERSORTx and Cytoscape. Several new AF/immune infiltrations-related signature genes were identified, and the AF/immune infiltration pathology was classified based on these immune signature genes, thus providing novel insights into the pathogenesis of AF based on the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Shiying Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jiefu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Peiyao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Hongchao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Tong Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Murat B, Murat S, Ozgeyik M, Bilgin M. Comparison of pan-immune-inflammation value with other inflammation markers of long-term survival after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e13872. [PMID: 36097823 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a process that causes coronary artery disease and is associated with the inflammatory response. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) with in-hospital and long-term mortality in STEMI patients. METHODS A total of 658 patients who were admitted to the emergency department of two tertiary centers with the diagnosis of STEMI and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between 2018 and 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. PIV and other inflammation parameters were compared for the study population. The primary outcome was one-year all-cause of mortality. RESULTS The mean age was 58.7 ± 17.1 years and 507 (76.9%) were male. The mean duration of the follow-up was 18.8 ± 8.5 months (median 18.9 months). PIV was superior to the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammation index for the prediction of primary and secondary outcomes in STEMI. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that PIV is a better predictor of mortality in STEMI patients. Prospective studies are needed to validate this biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bektas Murat
- Eskisehir City Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Selda Murat
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Medical Faculty Department of Cardiology, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozgeyik
- Eskisehir City Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Bilgin
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Medical Faculty Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Eskisehir, Turkey
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LAG3 Regulates T Cell Activation and Plaque Infiltration in Atherosclerotic Mice. JACC CardioOncol 2022; 4:635-645. [PMID: 36636446 PMCID: PMC9830219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immune checkpoint receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3) is a new target for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), but the effects of LAG3 on atherosclerosis are not known. Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of LAG3 on plaque inflammation using murine hypercholesterolemic models of atherosclerosis. Methods To study the role of LAG3 in atherosclerosis, we investigated both bone marrow chimeras lacking LAG3 in hematopoietic cells as well as global Lag3 -/- knockout mice. Effects of anti-LAG3 monoclonal antibody monotherapy and combination therapy with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) were tested in hypercholesterolemic low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (Ldlr -/- ) mice and evaluated by histology and flow cytometry. Results LAG3-deficiency or treatment with blocking anti-LAG3 monoclonal antibodies led to increased levels of both interferon gamma-producing T helper 1 cells and effector/memory T cells, balanced by increased levels of regulatory T cells. Plaque size was affected by neither LAG3 deficiency nor LAG3 blockade, although density of T cells in plaques was 2-fold increased by loss of LAG3. Combination therapy of anti-PD-1 and anti-LAG3 had an additive effect on T cell activation and cytokine production and promoted plaque infiltration of T cells. Conclusions Loss of LAG3 function promoted T cell activation and accumulation in plaques while not affecting plaque burden. Our report supports further clinical studies investigating cardiovascular risk in patients treated with anti-LAG3 ICB.
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Key Words
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4
- HCD, high-cholesterol diet
- ICB, immune checkpoint blockade
- IFN, interferon
- IL, interleukin
- LAG3, lymphocyte-activation gene 3
- PD-1, programmed cell death protein-1
- PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1
- T cells
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- Treg, regulatory T cell
- WT, wild-type
- atherosclerosis
- cardiovascular disease
- immune checkpoint blockade
- inflammation
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A Single-Cell Atlas of the Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Femoral Artery and the Heterogeneity in Macrophage Subtypes between Carotid and Femoral Atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9120465. [PMID: 36547462 PMCID: PMC9788114 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9120465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis of femoral arteries can cause the insufficient blood supply to the lower limbs and lead to gangrenous ulcers and other symptoms. Atherosclerosis and inflammatory factors are significantly different from other plaques. Therefore, it is crucial to observe the cellular composition of the femoral atherosclerotic plaque and identify plaque heterogeneity in other arteries. To this end, we performed single-cell sequencing of a human femoral artery plaque. We identified 14 cell types, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, monocytes, three macrophages with four different subtypes of foam cells, three T cells, natural killer cells, and B cells. We then downloaded single-cell sequencing data of carotid atherosclerosis from GEO, which were compared with the one femoral sample. We identified similar cell types, but the femoral artery had significantly more nonspecific immune cells and fewer specific immune cells than the carotid artery. We further compared the differences in the proportion of inflammatory macrophages, and resident macrophages, and the proportion of inflammatory macrophages was greater within the carotid artery. Through comparing one femoral sequencing sample with carotid samples from public datasets, our study reveals the single-cell map of the femoral artery and the heterogeneity of carotid and femoral arteries at the cellular level, laying the foundation for mechanistic and pharmacological studies of the femoral artery.
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Zheng L, Chen X, Yin Q, Gu J, Chen J, Chen M, Zhang Y, Dong M, Jiang H, Yin N, Chen H, Li X. RNA-m6A modification of HDGF mediated by Mettl3 aggravates the progression of atherosclerosis by regulating macrophages polarization via energy metabolism reprogramming. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 635:120-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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In silico and in vitro analysis of microRNAs with therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20334. [PMID: 36433987 PMCID: PMC9700707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which aberrant lipid metabolism plays a key role. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), micro-coordinators of gene expression, have been recently proposed as novel clinical biomarkers and potential therapeutic tools for a broad spectrum of diseases. This study aimed to identify miRNAs with therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis. Bioinformatic databases, including experimentally validated and computational prediction tools as well as a novel combination method, were used to identify miRNAs that are able to simultaneously inhibit key genes related to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Further validation of genes and miRNAs was conducted using the STRING online tool, KEGG pathway analysis and DIANA-miRPath. The inhibitory effects of the identified miRNAs in HepG2 and Huh7 cells were verified by real-time PCR. The MTT assay was utilized to evaluate cell cytotoxicity effects of miRNAs. Atherosclerotic drug-targeted genes were selected as key genes. Strong interactions between genes were confirmed using STRING. These genes were shown to be integral to critical pathological processes involved in atherosclerosis. A novel combined method of validated and predicted tools for the identification of effective miRNAs was defined as the combination score (C-Score). Bioinformatic analysis showed that hsa-miR-124-3p and hsa-miR-16-5p possessed the best C-Score (0.68 and 0.62, respectively). KEGG and DIANA-miRPath analysis showed that selected genes and identified miRNAs were involved in atherosclerosis-related pathways. Compared with the controls in both HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines, miR-124 significantly reduced the expression of CETP, PCSK9, MTTP, and APOB, and miR-16 significantly reduced the expression of APOCIII, CETP, HMGCR, PCSK9, MTTP, and APOB, respectively. The cytotoxicity assay showed that miR-124 reduced cell viability, especially after 72 h; however, miR-16 did not show any significant cytotoxicity in either cell line. Our findings indicate that hsa-miR-124 and miR-16 have potential for use as therapeutic candidates in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Aymonnier K, Amsler J, Lamprecht P, Salama A, Witko‐Sarsat V. The neutrophil: A key resourceful agent in immune‐mediated vasculitis. Immunol Rev 2022; 314:326-356. [PMID: 36408947 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The term "vasculitis" refers to a group of rare immune-mediated diseases characterized by the dysregulated immune system attacking blood vessels located in any organ of the body, including the skin, lungs, and kidneys. Vasculitides are classified according to the size of the vessel that is affected. Although this observation is not specific to small-, medium-, or large-vessel vasculitides, patients show a high circulating neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, suggesting the direct or indirect involvement of neutrophils in these diseases. As first responders to infection or inflammation, neutrophils release cytotoxic mediators, including reactive oxygen species, proteases, and neutrophil extracellular traps. If not controlled, this dangerous arsenal can injure the vascular system, which acts as the main transport route for neutrophils, thereby amplifying the initial inflammatory stimulus and the recruitment of immune cells. This review highlights the ability of neutrophils to "set the tone" for immune cells and other cells in the vessel wall. Considering both their long-established and newly described roles, we extend their functions far beyond their direct host-damaging potential. We also review the roles of neutrophils in various types of primary vasculitis, including immune complex vasculitis, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, polyarteritis nodosa, Kawasaki disease, giant cell arteritis, Takayasu arteritis, and Behçet's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Aymonnier
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS 8104 Paris France
| | - Jennifer Amsler
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS 8104 Paris France
| | - Peter Lamprecht
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | - Alan Salama
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital University College London London UK
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Chen W, Zheng W, Liu S, Su Q, Ding K, Zhang Z, Luo P, Zhang Y, Xu J, Yu C, Li W, Huang Z. SRC-3 deficiency prevents atherosclerosis development by decreasing endothelial ICAM-1 expression to attenuate macrophage recruitment. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:5978-5993. [PMID: 36263184 PMCID: PMC9576506 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.74864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3) is a member of the p160 SRC family. This factor can interact with multiple nuclear hormone receptors and transcription factors to regulate the expression of their target genes. Although many physiological roles of SRC-3 have been revealed, its role in atherosclerosis is not clear. In this study, we found that SRC-3-/-ApoE-/- mice have reduced atherosclerotic lesions and necrotic areas in their aortas and aortic roots compared with SRC-3+/+ApoE-/- mice after Western diet (WD) feeding for 12 weeks. RNA-Seq and Western blot analyses of the aorta revealed that SRC-3 was required for maintaining the expression of ICAM-1, which was required for macrophage recruitment and atherosclerosis development. siRNA-mediated knockdown of SRC-3 in endothelial cells significantly reduced WD-induced atherosclerotic plaque formation. Additionally, treatment of ApoE-/- mice with SRC-3 inhibitor bufalin prevented atherosclerotic plaque development. SRC-3 deficiency reduced aortic macrophage recruitment. Accordingly, ICAM-1 expression was markedly decreased in the aortas of SRC-3-/-ApoE-/- mice and ApoE-/- mice with endothelial SRC-3 knockdown mediated by AAV9-shSRC-3 virus. Mechanistically, SRC-3 coactivated NF-κB p65 to increase ICAM-1 transcription in endothelial cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that inhibiting SRC-3 ameliorates atherosclerosis development, at least in part through suppressing endothelial activation by decreasing endothelial ICAM-1 expression via reducing NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wuyang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shixiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Vascular Anomalies, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kangxi Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ziguan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chundong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Zhengrong Huang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. E-mail or Weihua Li, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. E-mail or Chundong Yu, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. E-mail
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Zhengrong Huang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. E-mail or Weihua Li, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. E-mail or Chundong Yu, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. E-mail
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Zhengrong Huang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. E-mail or Weihua Li, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. E-mail or Chundong Yu, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. E-mail
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Xu D. Research progress on Th17 and T regulatory cells and their cytokines in regulating atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:929078. [PMID: 36211578 PMCID: PMC9534355 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.929078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease due to atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is considered a chronic inflammatory state in the arterial wall that promotes disease progression and outcome, and immune cells play an important role in the inflammatory process. Purpose We review the mechanisms of CD4+ T subsets, i.e., helper T17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), in regulating atherosclerosis, focusing on the role of interleukin (IL)-17, IL-10, and other cytokines in this disease and the factors influencing the effects of these cytokines. Results IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells can promote atherosclerosis, but few studies have reported that IL-17 can also stabilize atherosclerotic plaques. Tregs play a protective role in atherosclerosis, and Th17/Treg imbalance also plays an important role in atherosclerosis. Conclusion The immune response is important in regulating atherosclerosis, and studying the mechanism of action of each immune cell on atherosclerosis presents directions for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, the current studies are insufficient for elucidating the mechanism of action, and further in-depth studies are needed to provide a theoretical basis for clinical drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yurong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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36
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Demir M, Özbek M. A novel predictor in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion: systemic immune-inflammation index: a single-center cross-sectional study. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:579-585. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20211097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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37
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da Silva LQ, Silva Justo-Junior AD, Moraes Martinelli BD, da Cruz MA, Huber SC, de Lima Montalvão SA, de Freitas Filho LH, Vicente CP, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM. The role of platelet-rich plasma in the mild and severe stages of atherosclerotic disease in mice. Regen Med 2022; 17:259-270. [PMID: 35291812 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has a high concentration of growth factors (GFs), which present a therapeutic wound healing effect. Despite having been correlated with an immunomodulatory function, the administration of PRP has not yet been investigated in atherosclerosis models. Aim: Evaluate the effect of lyophilized PRP on atherosclerosis in mice models through serum analysis. Methods: Animals received a high-fat diet for disease induction and a weekly PRP retro-orbital application. Effectiveness was evaluated by measuring inflammatory markers in plasma following the treatment of mice with either PRP or saline solution. Results: PRP was well characterized for platelet and GF concentrations; the atherosclerotic profile was established. Cytokine concentrations were altered after PRP applications. Conclusion: PRP could modulate the inflammatory pattern in the early stages of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Queiroz da Silva
- Haemostasis Laboratory, Hemocentro - State University of Campinas, UNICAMP. Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-878, Brazil
| | - Amauri da Silva Justo-Junior
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences - State University of Campinas, UNICAMP. Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Beatriz de Moraes Martinelli
- Haemostasis Laboratory, Hemocentro - State University of Campinas, UNICAMP. Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-878, Brazil
| | - Márcio Alves da Cruz
- Haemostasis Laboratory, Hemocentro - State University of Campinas, UNICAMP. Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-878, Brazil
| | - Stephany Cares Huber
- Haemostasis Laboratory, Hemocentro - State University of Campinas, UNICAMP. Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-878, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Henrique de Freitas Filho
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis & Cell Therapy, Institute of Biology Pathology - State University of Campinas, UNICAMP. Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Cristina Pontes Vicente
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis & Cell Therapy, Institute of Biology Pathology - State University of Campinas, UNICAMP. Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
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Combined Single-Cell RNA and Single-Cell α/β T Cell Receptor Sequencing of the Arterial Wall in Atherosclerosis. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2419:727-746. [PMID: 35237998 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1924-7_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Although various pro- and anti-inflammatory T cell subsets have been observed in murine and human atherosclerosis, principal issues of T cell immunity remain unanswered: Is atherosclerosis progression critically affected by aberrant T cell responses? Are tolerance checkpoints compromised during atherosclerosis progression? Answers to these questions will determine if we are at the cusp of developing T cell-dependent therapeutic strategies. Rapid advances in single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single cell α/β T cell receptor (TCR) (scTCR) sequencing allows to address these issues in unprecedented ways. The majority of T cells recognize peptide antigen-MHC complexes presented by antigen-presenting cells which, in turn, trigger activation and proliferation (clonal expansion) of cognate TCR-carrying T cells. Thus, clonal expansion and their corresponding transcriptome are two similarly important sides of T cell immunity and both will-as hypothesized-affect the outcome of atherosclerosis. Here, we combined scRNA-seq and scTCR-seq in single cells. Moreover, we provide single T cell transcriptomes and TCR maps of three important tissues involved in atherosclerosis This approach is anticipated to address principal questions concerning atherosclerosis autoimmunity that are likely to pave the long sought way to T cell-dependent therapeutic approaches.
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Kumawat AK, Zegeye MM, Paramel GV, Baumgartner R, Gisterå A, Amegavie O, Hellberg S, Jin H, Caravaca AS, Söderström LÅ, Gudmundsdotter L, Frejd FY, Ljungberg LU, Olofsson PS, Ketelhuth DFJ, Sirsjö A. Inhibition of IL17A Using an Affibody Molecule Attenuates Inflammation in ApoE-Deficient Mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:831039. [PMID: 35282365 PMCID: PMC8907570 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.831039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines released by immune and non-immune cells plays a decisive role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Interleukin (IL)-17A has been shown to accelerate atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated the effect on pro-inflammatory mediators and atherosclerosis development of an Affibody molecule that targets IL17A. Affibody molecule neutralizing IL17A, or sham were administered in vitro to human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs) and murine NIH/3T3 fibroblasts and in vivo to atherosclerosis-prone, hyperlipidaemic ApoE−/− mice. Levels of mediators of inflammation and development of atherosclerosis were compared between treatments. Exposure of human smooth muscle cells and murine NIH/3T3 fibroblasts in vitro to αIL-17A Affibody molecule markedly reduced IL6 and CXCL1 release in supernatants compared with sham exposure. Treatment of ApoE−/− mice with αIL-17A Affibody molecule significantly reduced plasma protein levels of CXCL1, CCL2, CCL3, HGF, PDGFB, MAP2K6, QDPR, and splenocyte mRNA levels of Ccxl1, Il6, and Ccl20 compared with sham exposure. There was no significant difference in atherosclerosis burden between the groups. In conclusion, administration of αIL17A Affibody molecule reduced levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and attenuated inflammation in ApoE−/− mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Kumawat
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Orebro, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Ashok Kumar Kumawat
| | - Mulugeta M. Zegeye
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Orebro, Sweden
| | - Geena Varghese Paramel
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Orebro, Sweden
| | - Roland Baumgartner
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Gisterå
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Obed Amegavie
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Orebro, Sweden
| | - Sanna Hellberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hong Jin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - April S. Caravaca
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leif Å. Söderström
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Liza U. Ljungberg
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Orebro, Sweden
| | - Peder S. Olofsson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel F. J. Ketelhuth
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Allan Sirsjö
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Orebro, Sweden
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Abstract
Inflammation is intimately involved at all stages of atherosclerosis and remains a substantial residual cardiovascular risk factor in optimally treated patients. The proof of concept that targeting inflammation reduces cardiovascular events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction has highlighted the urgent need to identify new immunotherapies to treat patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Importantly, emerging data from new clinical trials show that successful immunotherapies for atherosclerosis need to be tailored to the specific immune alterations in distinct groups of patients. In this Review, we discuss how single-cell technologies - such as single-cell mass cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing and cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing - are ideal for mapping the cellular and molecular composition of human atherosclerotic plaques and how these data can aid in the discovery of new precise immunotherapies. We also argue that single-cell data from studies in humans need to be rigorously validated in relevant experimental models, including rapidly emerging single-cell CRISPR screening technologies and mouse models of atherosclerosis. Finally, we discuss the importance of implementing single-cell immune monitoring tools in early phases of drug development to aid in the precise selection of the target patient population for data-driven translation into randomized clinical trials and the successful translation of new immunotherapies into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Giannarelli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- New York University Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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Lin B, Yang J, Song Y, Dang G, Feng J. Exosomes and Atherogenesis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:738031. [PMID: 34513963 PMCID: PMC8427277 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.738031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke are the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis is their common pathological foundation. It is known that atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial activation/injury, accumulation of inflammatory immune cells and lipid-rich foam cells, followed by the development of atherosclerotic plaque. Either from arterial vessel wall or blood circulation, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, foam cells, and platelets have been considered to contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Exosomes, as natural nano-carriers and intercellular messengers, play a significant role in modulation of cell-to-cell communication. Under physiological or pathological conditions, exosomes can deliver their cargos including donor cell-specific proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to target cells, which in turn affect the function of the target cells. In this review, we will describe the pathophysiological significance of various exosomes derived from different cell types associated with atherosclerosis, and the potential applications of exosome in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guohui Dang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Schlegel M, Sharma M, Brown EJ, Newman AAC, Cyr Y, Afonso MS, Corr EM, Koelwyn GJ, van Solingen C, Guzman J, Farhat R, Nikain CA, Shanley LC, Peled D, Schmidt AM, Fisher EA, Moore KJ. Silencing Myeloid Netrin-1 Induces Inflammation Resolution and Plaque Regression. Circ Res 2021; 129:530-546. [PMID: 34289717 PMCID: PMC8529357 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rationale: Therapeutic efforts to decrease atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk have focused largely on reducing atherogenic lipoproteins, yet lipid-lowering therapies alone are insufficient to fully regress plaque burden. We postulate that arterial repair requires resolution of a maladaptive immune response and that targeting factors that hinder inflammation resolution will facilitate plaque regression. Objective: The guidance molecule Ntn1 (netrin-1) is secreted by macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques, where it sustains inflammation by enhancing macrophage survival and blocking macrophage emigration. We tested whether silencing Ntn1 in advanced atherosclerosis could resolve arterial inflammation and regress plaques. Methods and Results: To temporally silence Ntn1 in myeloid cells, we generated genetically modified mice in which Ntn1 could be selectively deleted in monocytes and macrophages using a tamoxifen-induced CX3CR1-driven cre recombinase (Ntn1fl/flCx3cr1creERT2+) and littermate control mice (Ntn1fl/flCx3cr1WT). Mice were fed Western diet in the setting of hepatic PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) overexpression to render them atherosclerotic and then treated with tamoxifen to initiate deletion of myeloid Ntn1 (MøΔNtn1) or not in controls (MøWT). Morphometric analyses performed 4 weeks later showed that myeloid Ntn1 silencing reduced plaque burden in the aorta (−50%) and plaque complexity in the aortic root. Monocyte-macrophage tracing experiments revealed lower monocyte recruitment, macrophage retention, and proliferation in MøΔNtn1 compared with MøWT plaques, indicating a restructuring of monocyte-macrophage dynamics in the artery wall upon Ntn1 silencing. Single-cell RNA sequencing of aortic immune cells before and after Ntn1 silencing revealed upregulation of gene pathways involved in macrophage phagocytosis and migration, including the Ccr7 chemokine receptor signaling pathway required for macrophage emigration from plaques and atherosclerosis regression. Additionally, plaques from MøΔNtn1 mice showed hallmarks of inflammation resolution, including higher levels of proresolving macrophages, IL (interleukin)-10, and efferocytosis, as compared to plaques from MøWT mice. Conclusion: Our data show that targeting Ntn1 in advanced atherosclerosis ameliorates atherosclerotic inflammation and promotes plaque regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schlegel
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Germany (M. Schlegel)
| | - Monika Sharma
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Emily J Brown
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Alexandra A C Newman
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Yannick Cyr
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Milessa Silva Afonso
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Emma M Corr
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Graeme J Koelwyn
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Coen van Solingen
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Jonathan Guzman
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Rubab Farhat
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Cyrus A Nikain
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Lianne C Shanley
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Daniel Peled
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University (A.M.S.). K.J. Moore, M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, A.M. Schmidt, and E.A. Fisher designed the study and performed data analysis and interpretation. M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, M.S. Afonso, E.J. Brown, E.M. Corr, C. van Solingen, G.J. Koelwyn, A.A.C. Newman, Y. Cyr, R. Farhat, J. Guzman, L.C. Shanley, and D. Peled conducted experiments, acquired data, and performed analyses. E.J. Brown analyzed the RNA-sequencing data. K.J. Moore and M. Schlegel wrote the article with input from all authors
| | - Edward A Fisher
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
| | - Kathryn J Moore
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (M. Schlegel, M. Sharma, E.J.B., A.A.C.N., Y.C., M.S.A., E.M.C., G.J.K., C.v.S., J.G., R.F., C.A.N., L.C.S., D.P., E.A.F., K.J.M.)
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Lee CK, Liao CW, Meng SW, Wu WK, Chiang JY, Wu MS. Lipids and Lipoproteins in Health and Disease: Focus on Targeting Atherosclerosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080985. [PMID: 34440189 PMCID: PMC8393881 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in pharmacotherapy, intervention devices and techniques, residual cardiovascular risks still cause a large burden on public health. Whilst most guidelines encourage achieving target levels of specific lipids and lipoproteins to reduce these risks, increasing evidence has shown that molecular modification of these lipoproteins also has a critical impact on their atherogenicity. Modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by oxidation, glycation, peroxidation, apolipoprotein C-III adhesion, and the small dense subtype largely augment its atherogenicity. Post-translational modification by oxidation, carbamylation, glycation, and imbalance of molecular components can reduce the capacity of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) for reverse cholesterol transport. Elevated levels of triglycerides (TGs), apolipoprotein C-III and lipoprotein(a), and a decreased level of apolipoprotein A-I are closely associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Pharmacotherapies aimed at reducing TGs, lipoprotein(a), and apolipoprotein C-III, and enhancing apolipoprotein A-1 are undergoing trials, and promising preliminary results have been reported. In this review, we aim to update the evidence on modifications of major lipid and lipoprotein components, including LDL, HDL, TG, apolipoprotein, and lipoprotein(a). We also discuss examples of translating findings from basic research to potential therapeutic targets for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kuo Lee
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-K.L.); (C.-W.L.); (S.-W.M.); (W.-K.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Liao
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-K.L.); (C.-W.L.); (S.-W.M.); (W.-K.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Meng
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-K.L.); (C.-W.L.); (S.-W.M.); (W.-K.W.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kai Wu
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-K.L.); (C.-W.L.); (S.-W.M.); (W.-K.W.)
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Yang Chiang
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-K.L.); (C.-W.L.); (S.-W.M.); (W.-K.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.C.); (M.-S.W.)
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-K.L.); (C.-W.L.); (S.-W.M.); (W.-K.W.)
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.C.); (M.-S.W.)
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Yang Y, Han Y, Sun W, Zhang Y. Increased systemic immune-inflammation index predicts hemorrhagic transformation in anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke due to large-artery atherosclerotic. Int J Neurosci 2021; 133:629-635. [PMID: 34233123 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1953021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Inflammation and immune response play an important role in hemorrhage transformation after acute ischemic stroke. According to previous studies, systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with severity of stroke. We aimed to evaluate the association between systemic immune-inflammation index and hemorrhage transformation in anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke due to large-artery atherosclerosis. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke due to large-artery atherosclerosis. The laboratory data were collected within 24 h after admission. Hemorrhage transformation was defined on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging or Computed Tomography. The univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed to assess the association of systemic immune-inflammation index with hemorrhage transformation. Then the relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index and hemorrhage transformation in different stroke subtypes was further studied. RESULTS We included 310 Chinese anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke patients due to large-artery atherosclerosis (mean age 65 ± 11.4 years; 72.6% male). Hemorrhage transformation occurred in 41 patients (13.2%). After multivariate regression analyses, systemic immune-inflammation index (odds ratio [OR] 1.109, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.054-1.167, p<0.001) was independently associated with hemorrhage transformation. Systemic immune-inflammation index was found to be significantly related to hemorrhagic transformation in artery-to-artery embolization (OR 1.111, 95% CI 1.029-1.210, p<0.001) and in-situ thrombosis (OR 1.059, 95% CI 1.011-1.194, p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Higher systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with greater risk of hemorrhagic transformation in patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke due to large-artery atherosclerosis, especially in artery-to-artery embolization and in-situ thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Han
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of acute cardiovascular events, and vascular calcification is an important pathological phenomenon in atherosclerosis. Recently, many studies have shown that immune cells are closely associated with the development of atherosclerosis and calcification, but there are many conflicting viewpoints because of immune system complications, such as the pro-atherosclerotic and atheroprotective effects of regulatory B cells (Bregs), T helper type 2 (Th2) cells and T helper type 17 (Th17) cells. In this review, we summarize the studies on the roles of immune cells, especially lymphocytes and macrophages, in atherosclerotic calcification. Furthermore, we prepared graphs showing the relationship between T cells, B cells and macrophages and atherosclerotic calcification. Finally, we highlight some potential issues that are closely associated with the function of immune cells in atherosclerotic calcification. Based on current research results, this review summarizes the relationship between immune cells and atherosclerotic calcification, and it will be beneficial to understand the relationship of immune cells and atherosclerotic calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Cao
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jianghua Liu
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, 574417The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Natural IgM antibodies help fend off thrombosis. Blood 2021; 137:1280-1281. [PMID: 33704393 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020010383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Reali E, Ferrando-Martinez S, Catalfamo M. Editorial: The Interplay Between Immune Activation and Cardiovascular Disease During Infection, Autoimmunity and Aging: The Role of T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:719517. [PMID: 34249022 PMCID: PMC8264653 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.719517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Reali
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marta Catalfamo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
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Grijalva-Guiza RE, Jiménez-Garduño AM, Hernández LR. Potential Benefits of Flavonoids on the Progression of Atherosclerosis by Their Effect on Vascular Smooth Muscle Excitability. Molecules 2021; 26:3557. [PMID: 34200914 PMCID: PMC8230563 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of secondary metabolites derived from plant-based foods, and they offer many health benefits in different stages of several diseases. This review will focus on their effects on ion channels expressed in vascular smooth muscle during atherosclerosis. Since ion channels can be regulated by redox potential, it is expected that during the onset of oxidative stress-related diseases, ion channels present changes in their conductive activity, impacting the progression of the disease. A typical oxidative stress-related condition is atherosclerosis, which involves the dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle. We aim to present the state of the art on how redox potential affects vascular smooth muscle ion channel function and summarize if the benefits observed in this disease by using flavonoids involve restoring the ion channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Edith Grijalva-Guiza
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico;
| | | | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico;
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Roy-Chowdhury E, Brauns N, Helmke A, Nordlohne J, Bräsen JH, Schmitz J, Volkmann J, Fleig SV, Kusche-Vihrog K, Haller H, von Vietinghoff S. Human CD16+ monocytes promote a pro-atherosclerotic endothelial cell phenotype via CX3CR1-CX3CL1 interaction. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1510-1522. [PMID: 32717023 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Monocytes are central for atherosclerotic vascular inflammation. The human non-classical, patrolling subtype, which expresses high levels of CD16 and fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, strongly associates with cardiovascular events. This is most marked in renal failure, a condition with excess atherosclerosis morbidity. The underlying mechanism is not understood. This study investigated how human CD16+ monocytes modulate endothelial cell function. METHODS AND RESULTS In patients with kidney failure, CD16+ monocyte counts were elevated and dynamically decreased within a year after transplantation, chiefly due to a drop in CD14+CD16+ cells. The CX3CR1 ligand CX3CL1 was similarly elevated in the circulation of humans and mice with renal impairment. CX3CL1 up-regulation was also observed close to macrophage rich human coronary artery plaques. To investigate a mechanistic basis of this association, CD16+CX3CR1HIGH monocytes were co-incubated with primary human endothelium in vitro. Compared to classical CD14+ monocytes or transwell cocultures, CD16+ monocytes enhanced endothelial STAT1 and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation, up-regulated expression of CX3CL1 and interleukin-1β, numerous CCL and CXCL chemokines and molecules promoting leucocyte patrolling and adhesion such as ICAM1 and VCAM1. Genes required for vasodilatation including endothelial nitric oxide synthase decreased while endothelial collagen production increased. Uraemic patients' monocytes enhanced endothelial CX3CL1 even more markedly. Their receptor CX3CR1 was required for enhanced aortic endothelial stiffness in murine atherosclerosis with renal impairment. CX3CR1 dose-dependently modulated monocyte-contact-dependent gene expression in human endothelium. CONCLUSION By demonstrating endothelial proatherosclerotic gene regulation in direct contact with CD16+ monocytes, in part via cellular CX3CR1-CX3CL1 interaction, our data delineate a mechanism how this celltype can increase cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Roy-Chowdhury
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicolas Brauns
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Helmke
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Nordlohne
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Jessica Schmitz
- Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Volkmann
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne V Fleig
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Hermann Haller
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sibylle von Vietinghoff
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
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50
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Jafarizade M, Kahe F, Sharfaei S, Momenzadeh K, Pitliya A, Zahedi Tajrishi F, Singh P, Chi G. The Role of Interleukin-27 in Atherosclerosis: A Contemporary Review. Cardiology 2021; 146:517-530. [PMID: 34010834 DOI: 10.1159/000515359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammation characterized by an imbalance between inhibitors and stimulators of the inflammatory system that leads to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the vessel walls. Interleukin (IL)-27 is one of the recently discovered cytokines that have an immunomodulatory role in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. However, the definite role of IL-27 in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis remains unclear. Recent studies on cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelium have demonstrated mechanisms through which IL-27 could potentially modulate atherosclerosis. Upregulation of the IL-27 receptor was also observed in the atherosclerotic plaques. In addition, circulatory IL-27 levels were increased in patients with acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction. A regenerative, neovascularization, and cardioprotective role of IL-27 has also been implicated. Future studies are warranted to elucidate the biologic function and clinical significance of IL-27 in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farima Kahe
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sadaf Sharfaei
- Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kaveh Momenzadeh
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anmol Pitliya
- West Virginia University College of Medicine/Camden Clark Medical Center, Parkersburg, West Virginia, USA
| | | | - Preeti Singh
- Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gerald Chi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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