1
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Schütte D, Baier M, Griebel T. Cold priming on pathogen susceptibility in the Arabidopsis eds1 mutant background requires a functional stromal Ascorbate Peroxidase. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2300239. [PMID: 38170666 PMCID: PMC10766390 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2300239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
24 h cold exposure (4°C) is sufficient to reduce pathogen susceptibility in Arabidopsis thaliana against the virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) strain even when the infection occurs five days later. This priming effect is independent of the immune regulator Enhanced Disease Susceptibility 1 (EDS1) and can be observed in the immune-compromised eds1-2 null mutant. In contrast, cold priming-reduced Pst susceptibility is strongly impaired in knock-out lines of the stromal and thylakoid ascorbate peroxidases (sAPX/tAPX) highlighting their relevance for abiotic stress-related increased immune resilience. Here, we extended our analysis by generating an eds1 sapx double mutant. eds1 sapx showed eds1-like resistance and susceptibility phenotypes against Pst strains containing the effectors avrRPM1 and avrRPS4. In comparison to eds1-2, susceptibility against the wildtype Pst strain was constitutively enhanced in eds1 sapx. Although a prior cold priming exposure resulted in reduced Pst titers in eds1-2, it did not alter Pst resistance in eds1 sapx. This demonstrates that the genetic sAPX requirement for cold priming of basal plant immunity applies also to an eds1 null mutant background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Schütte
- Plant Physiology, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Margarete Baier
- Plant Physiology, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Griebel
- Plant Physiology, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Duret M, Wallner A, Buée M, Aziz A. Rhizosphere microbiome assembly, drivers and functions in perennial ligneous plant health. Microbiol Res 2024; 287:127860. [PMID: 39089083 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants shape and interact continuously with their rhizospheric microbiota, which play a key role in plant health and resilience. However, plant-associated microbial community can be shaped by several factors including plant phenotype and cropping system. Thus, understanding the interplay between microbiome assembly during the onset of plant-pathogen interactions and long-lasting resistance traits in ligneous plants remains a major challenge. To date, such attempts were mainly investigated in herbaceous plants, due to their phenotypic characteristics and their short life cycle. However, only few studies have focused on the microbial structure, dynamic and their drivers in perennial ligneous plants. Ligneous plants coevolved in interaction with specific fungal and bacterial communities that differ from those of annual plants. The specificities of such ligneous plants in shaping their own functional microbial communities could be dependent on their high heterozygosis, physiological and molecular status associated to seasonality and their aging processes, root system and above-ground architectures, long-lasting climatic variations, and specific cultural practices. This article provides an overview of the specific characteristics of perennial ligneous plants that are likely to modulate symbiotic interactions in the rhizosphere, thus affecting the plant's fitness and systemic immunity. Plant and microbial traits contributing to the establishment of plant-microbiome interactions and the adaptation of this holobiont are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Duret
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP, USC 1488, UFR Sciences, Reims 51100, France
| | - Adrian Wallner
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP, USC 1488, UFR Sciences, Reims 51100, France
| | - Marc Buée
- Centre INRAE Grand Est-Nancy, UMR Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Champenoux 54280, France
| | - Aziz Aziz
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP, USC 1488, UFR Sciences, Reims 51100, France.
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3
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Yadav N, Bora S, Devi B, Upadhyay C, Singh P. Nanoparticle-mediated defense priming: A review of strategies for enhancing plant resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108796. [PMID: 38901229 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising field with the potential to revolutionize agriculture, particularly in enhancing plant defense mechanisms. Nanoparticles (NPs) are instrumental in plant defense priming, where plants are pre-exposed to controlled levels of stress to heighten their alertness and responsiveness to subsequent stressors. This process improves overall plant performance by enabling quicker and more effective responses to secondary stimuli. This review explores the application of NPs as priming agents, utilizing their unique physicochemical properties to bolster plants' innate defense mechanisms. It discusses key findings in NP-based plant defense priming, including various NP types such as metallic, metal oxide, and carbon-based NPs. The review also investigates the intricate mechanisms by which NPs interact with plants, including uptake, translocation, and their effects on plant physiology, morphology, and molecular processes. Additionally, the review examines how NPs can enhance plant responses to a range of stressors, from pathogen attacks and herbivore infestations to environmental stresses. It also discusses NPs' ability to improve plants' tolerance to abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, and heavy metals. Safety and regulatory aspects of NP use in agriculture are thoroughly addressed, emphasizing responsible and ethical deployment for environmental and human health safety. By harnessing the potential of NPs, this approach shows promise in reducing crop losses, increasing yields, and enhancing global food security while minimizing the environmental impact of traditional agricultural practices. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of ongoing research to optimize NP formulations, dosages, and delivery methods for practical application in diverse agricultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Yadav
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India
| | - Sunayana Bora
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Bandana Devi
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India
| | - Chandan Upadhyay
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India.
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4
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van Aubel G, Van Cutsem E, Emond A, Métillon G, Cordier É, Van Cutsem P. Dual Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Elicited Flax Sheds Light on the Kinetics of Immune Defense Activation Against the Biotrophic Pathogen Oidium lini. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1904-1916. [PMID: 38748518 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-24-0070-kc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Flax (Linum usitatissimum) grown under controlled conditions displayed genotype-dependent resistance to powdery mildew (Oidium lini) following COS-OGA (comprising chitosan- and pectin-derived oligomers) elicitor application. The present study reveals a two-step immune response in plants preventively challenged with the elicitor: an initial, rapid response characterized by the transcription of defense genes whose protein products act in contact with or within the cell wall, where biotrophic pathogens initially thrive, followed by a prolonged activation of cell wall peroxidases and accumulation of secondary metabolites. Thus, dozens of genes encoding membrane receptors, pathogenesis-related proteins, and wall peroxidases were initially overexpressed. Repeated COS-OGA treatments had a transient effect on the transcriptome response while cumulatively remodeling the metabolome over time, with a minimum of two applications required for maximal metabolomic shifts. Secondary metabolites, in particular terpenoids and phenylpropanoids, emerged as major components of this secondary defense response alongside pathogenesis-related proteins and wall peroxidases. The sustained accumulation of secondary metabolites, even after cessation of elicitation, contrasted with the short-lived transcriptomic response. Wall peroxidase enzyme activity also exhibited cumulative effects, increasing strongly for weeks after a third elicitor treatment. This underscores the plasticity of the plant immune response in the face of a potential infection, and the need for repeated preventive applications to achieve the full protective potential of the elicitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine van Aubel
- Biology Department, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
- FytoFend S.A., 5032 Isnes, Belgium
| | | | - Amélie Emond
- Biology Department, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | | | - Émilie Cordier
- Biology Department, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Cutsem
- Biology Department, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
- FytoFend S.A., 5032 Isnes, Belgium
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5
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Tripathi DK, Bhat JA, Antoniou C, Kandhol N, Singh VP, Fernie AR, Fotopoulos V. Redox Regulation by Priming Agents Toward a Sustainable Agriculture. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:1087-1102. [PMID: 38591871 PMCID: PMC11287215 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Plants are sessile organisms that are often subjected to a multitude of environmental stresses, with the occurrence of these events being further intensified by global climate change. Crop species therefore require specific adaptations to tolerate climatic variability for sustainable food production. Plant stress results in excess accumulation of reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative stress and loss of cellular redox balance in the plant cells. Moreover, enhancement of cellular oxidation as well as oxidative signals has been recently recognized as crucial players in plant growth regulation under stress conditions. Multiple roles of redox regulation in crop production have been well documented, and major emphasis has focused on key redox-regulated proteins and non-protein molecules, such as NAD(P)H, glutathione, peroxiredoxins, glutaredoxins, ascorbate, thioredoxins and reduced ferredoxin. These have been widely implicated in the regulation of (epi)genetic factors modulating growth and health of crop plants, with an agricultural context. In this regard, priming with the employment of chemical and biological agents has emerged as a fascinating approach to improve plant tolerance against various abiotic and biotic stressors. Priming in plants is a physiological process, where prior exposure to specific stressors induces a state of heightened alertness, enabling a more rapid and effective defense response upon subsequent encounters with similar challenges. Priming is reported to play a crucial role in the modulation of cellular redox homeostasis, maximizing crop productivity under stress conditions and thus achieving yield security. By taking this into consideration, the present review is an up-to-date critical evaluation of promising plant priming technologies and their role in the regulation of redox components toward enhanced plant adaptations to extreme unfavorable environmental conditions. The challenges and opportunities of plant priming are discussed, with an aim of encouraging future research in this field toward effective application of priming in stress management in crops including horticultural species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nano Biology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, AUUP Campus Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | | | - Chrystalla Antoniou
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
| | - Nidhi Kandhol
- Crop Nano Biology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, AUUP Campus Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
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6
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Cordero-Elvia J, Galindo-González L, Fredua-Agyeman R, Hwang SF, Strelkov SE. Clubroot-Induced Changes in the Root and Rhizosphere Microbiome of Susceptible and Resistant Canola. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1880. [PMID: 38999720 PMCID: PMC11244039 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Clubroot is a soilborne disease of canola (Brassica napus) and other crucifers caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae. In western Canada, clubroot is usually managed by planting-resistant cultivars, but the emergence of resistance-breaking pathotypes of P. brassicae represents a major threat to sustainable canola production. The rhizosphere and root contain beneficial microorganisms that can improve plant health. In this study, we evaluated the effect of two P. brassicae isolates (termed A and B) with different levels of virulence on the root and rhizosphere microbiomes of clubroot-resistant and clubroot-susceptible canola. Additionally, potential biocontrol microorganisms were identified based on taxa antagonistic to clubroot. Although both P. brassicae isolates were classified as pathotype 3A, isolate A caused a higher disease severity index in the resistant canola genotype compared with isolate B. Metabarcoding analysis indicated a shift in the bacterial and fungal communities in response to inoculation with either field isolate. Root endophytic bacterial and fungal communities responded to changes in inoculation, isolate type, sampling time, and canola genotype. In contrast, fungal communities associated with the rhizosphere exhibited significant differences between sampling times, while bacterial communities associated with the rhizosphere exhibited low variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Cordero-Elvia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada
| | - Leonardo Galindo-González
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada
- Ottawa Plant Laboratory, Science Branch, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 3851 Fallowfield Road, Ottawa, ON K2H8P9, Canada
| | - Rudolph Fredua-Agyeman
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada
| | - Sheau-Fang Hwang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada
| | - Stephen E Strelkov
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2P5, Canada
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7
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Sommer A, Wenig M, Knappe C, Kublik S, Foesel BU, Schloter M, Vlot AC. A salicylic acid-associated plant-microbe interaction attracts beneficial Flavobacterium sp. to the Arabidopsis thaliana phyllosphere. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14483. [PMID: 39169536 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Both above- and below-ground parts of plants are constantly challenged with microbes and interact closely with them. Many plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, mostly interacting with the plant's root system, enhance the immunity of plants in a process described as induced systemic resistance (ISR). Here, we characterized local induced resistance (IR) triggered by the model PGPR Pseudomonas simiae WCS417r (WCS417) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Hydroponic application of WCS417 to Arabidopsis roots resulted in propagation of WCS417 in/on leaves and the establishment of local IR. WCS417-triggered local IR was dependent on salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis and signalling and on functional biosynthesis of pipecolic acid and monoterpenes, which are classically associated with systemic acquired resistance (SAR). WCS417-triggered local IR was further associated with a priming of gene expression changes related to SA signalling and SAR. A metabarcoding approach applied to the leaf microbiome revealed a significant local IR-associated enrichment of Flavobacterium sp.. Co-inoculation experiments using WCS417 and At-LSPHERE Flavobacterium sp. Leaf82 suggest that the proliferation of these bacteria is influenced by both microbial and immunity-related, plant-derived factors. Furthermore, application of Flavobacterium Leaf82 to Arabidopsis leaves induced SAR in an NPR1-dependent manner, suggesting that recruitment of this bacterium to the phyllosphere resulted in propagation of IR. Together, the data highlight the importance of plant-microbe-microbe interactions in the phyllosphere and reveal Flavobacterium sp. Leaf82 as a new beneficial promoter of plant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sommer
- Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, Chair of Crop Plant Genetics, University of Bayreuth, Kulmbach, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marion Wenig
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Knappe
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Kublik
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bärbel U Foesel
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair for Environmental Microbiology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - A Corina Vlot
- Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, Chair of Crop Plant Genetics, University of Bayreuth, Kulmbach, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
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8
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Villalobos-González L, Carreras C, Beltrán MF, Figueroa F, Rubilar-Hernández C, Opazo I, Toro G, Salvatierra A, Sagredo B, Pizarro L, Fiore N, Pinto M, Arbona V, Gómez-Cadenas A, Pimentel P. Sweet Cherry Plants Prioritize Their Response to Cope with Summer Drought, Overshadowing the Defense Response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1737. [PMID: 38999578 PMCID: PMC11243571 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Disease severity and drought due to climate change present significant challenges to orchard productivity. This study examines the effects of spring inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) on sweet cherry plants, cvs. Bing and Santina with varying defense responses, assessing plant growth, physiological variables (water potential, gas exchange, and plant hydraulic conductance), and the levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) under two summer irrigation levels. Pss inoculation elicited a more pronounced response in 'Santina' compared to 'Bing' at 14 days post-inoculation (dpi), and those plants inoculated with Pss exhibited a slower leaf growth and reduced transpiration compared to control plants during 60 dpi. During differential irrigations, leaf area was reduced 14% and 44% in Pss inoculated plants of 'Bing' and 'Santina' respectively, under well-watered (WW) conditions, without changes in plant water status or gas exchange. Conversely, water-deficit (WD) conditions led to gas exchange limitations and a 43% decrease in plant biomass compared to that under WW conditions, with no differences between inoculation treatments. ABA levels were lower under WW than under WD at 90 dpi, while SA levels were significantly higher in Pss-inoculated plants under WW conditions. These findings underscore the influence on plant growth during summer in sweet cherry cultivars that showed a differential response to Pss inoculations and how the relationship between ABA and SA changes in plant drought level responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Carreras
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana 8820808, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuaria y Veterinarias, Campus Sur, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana 8820808, Chile
| | - María Francisca Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana 8820808, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuaria y Veterinarias, Campus Sur, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana 8820808, Chile
| | - Franco Figueroa
- Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O'Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile
| | - Carlos Rubilar-Hernández
- Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O'Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile
| | - Ismael Opazo
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Fruticultura (CEAF), Rengo 2940000, Chile
| | - Guillermo Toro
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Fruticultura (CEAF), Rengo 2940000, Chile
| | - Ariel Salvatierra
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Fruticultura (CEAF), Rengo 2940000, Chile
| | - Boris Sagredo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA Rayentué, Rengo 2940000, Chile
| | - Lorena Pizarro
- Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O'Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile
- Centro de Biología de Sistemas para el Estudio de Comunidades Extremófilas de Relaves Mineros (SYSTEMIX), Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile
| | - Nicola Fiore
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana 8820808, Chile
| | - Manuel Pinto
- Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O'Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile
| | - Vicent Arbona
- Department Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat de Jaume I, 12071 Castellon de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Department Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat de Jaume I, 12071 Castellon de la Plana, Spain
| | - Paula Pimentel
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Fruticultura (CEAF), Rengo 2940000, Chile
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9
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Rahman-Soad A, Bittner N, Hilker M. Pine Response to Sawfly Pheromones: Effects on Sawfly's Oviposition and Larval Growth. INSECTS 2024; 15:458. [PMID: 38921172 PMCID: PMC11203435 DOI: 10.3390/insects15060458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Insect pheromones have been intensively studied with respect to their role in insect communication. However, scarce knowledge is available on the impact of pheromones on plant responses, and how these in turn affect herbivorous insects. A previous study showed that exposure of pine (Pinus sylvestris) to the sex pheromones of the pine sawfly Diprion pini results in enhanced defenses against the eggs of this sawfly; the egg survival rate on pheromone-exposed pine needles was lower than that on unexposed pine. The long-lasting common evolutionary history of D. pini and P. sylvestris suggests that D. pini has developed counter-adaptations to these pine responses. Here, we investigated by behavioral assays how D. pini copes with the defenses of pheromone-exposed pine. The sawfly females did not discriminate between the odor of pheromone-exposed and unexposed pine. However, when they had the chance to contact the trees, more unexposed than pheromone-exposed trees received eggs. The exposure of pine to the pheromones did not affect the performance of larvae and their pupation success. Our findings indicate that the effects that responses of pine to D. pini sex pheromones exert on the sawfly eggs and sawfly oviposition behavior do not extend to effects on the larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asifur Rahman-Soad
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 12163 Berlin, Germany; (A.R.-S.); (N.B.)
| | - Norbert Bittner
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 12163 Berlin, Germany; (A.R.-S.); (N.B.)
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Monika Hilker
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 12163 Berlin, Germany; (A.R.-S.); (N.B.)
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10
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Mao M, Ahrens L, Luka J, Contreras F, Kurkina T, Bienstein M, Sárria Pereira de Passos M, Schirinzi G, Mehn D, Valsesia A, Desmet C, Serra MÁ, Gilliland D, Schwaneberg U. Material-specific binding peptides empower sustainable innovations in plant health, biocatalysis, medicine and microplastic quantification. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6445-6510. [PMID: 38747901 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00991a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Material-binding peptides (MBPs) have emerged as a diverse and innovation-enabling class of peptides in applications such as plant-/human health, immobilization of catalysts, bioactive coatings, accelerated polymer degradation and analytics for micro-/nanoplastics quantification. Progress has been fuelled by recent advancements in protein engineering methodologies and advances in computational and analytical methodologies, which allow the design of, for instance, material-specific MBPs with fine-tuned binding strength for numerous demands in material science applications. A genetic or chemical conjugation of second (biological, chemical or physical property-changing) functionality to MBPs empowers the design of advanced (hybrid) materials, bioactive coatings and analytical tools. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview comprising naturally occurring MBPs and their function in nature, binding properties of short man-made MBPs (<20 amino acids) mainly obtained from phage-display libraries, and medium-sized binding peptides (20-100 amino acids) that have been reported to bind to metals, polymers or other industrially produced materials. The goal of this review is to provide an in-depth understanding of molecular interactions between materials and material-specific binding peptides, and thereby empower the use of MBPs in material science applications. Protein engineering methodologies and selected examples to tailor MBPs toward applications in agriculture with a focus on plant health, biocatalysis, medicine and environmental monitoring serve as examples of the transformative power of MBPs for various industrial applications. An emphasis will be given to MBPs' role in detecting and quantifying microplastics in high throughput, distinguishing microplastics from other environmental particles, and thereby assisting to close an analytical gap in food safety and monitoring of environmental plastic pollution. In essence, this review aims to provide an overview among researchers from diverse disciplines in respect to material-(specific) binding of MBPs, protein engineering methodologies to tailor their properties to application demands, re-engineering for material science applications using MBPs, and thereby inspire researchers to employ MBPs in their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maochao Mao
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Leon Ahrens
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Julian Luka
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Francisca Contreras
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Tetiana Kurkina
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Marian Bienstein
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | | | | | - Dora Mehn
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Andrea Valsesia
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Cloé Desmet
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | | | | | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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11
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Decsi K, Ahmed M, Rizk R, Abdul-Hamid D, Kovács GP, Tóth Z. Emerging Trends in Non-Protein Amino Acids as Potential Priming Agents: Implications for Stress Management Strategies and Unveiling Their Regulatory Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6203. [PMID: 38892391 PMCID: PMC11172521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants endure the repercussions of environmental stress. As the advancement of global climate change continues, it is increasingly crucial to protect against abiotic and biotic stress effects. Some naturally occurring plant compounds can be used effectively to protect the plants. By externally applying priming compounds, plants can be prompted to trigger their defensive mechanisms, resulting in improved immune system effectiveness. This review article examines the possibilities of utilizing exogenous alpha-, beta-, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (AABA, BABA, and GABA), which are non-protein amino acids (NPAAs) that are produced naturally in plants during instances of stress. The article additionally presents a concise overview of the studies' discoveries on this topic, assesses the particular fields in which they might be implemented, and proposes new avenues for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kincső Decsi
- Institute of Agronomy, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary; (R.R.); (Z.T.)
| | - Mostafa Ahmed
- Festetics Doctoral School, Institute of Agronomy, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary;
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Roquia Rizk
- Institute of Agronomy, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary; (R.R.); (Z.T.)
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Donia Abdul-Hamid
- Heavy Metals Department, Central Laboratory for The Analysis of Pesticides and Heavy Metals in Food (QCAP), Dokki, Cairo 12311, Egypt;
| | - Gergő Péter Kovács
- Institute of Agronomy, Szent István Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Tóth
- Institute of Agronomy, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary; (R.R.); (Z.T.)
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12
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Yin C, Larson M, Lahr N, Paulitz T. Wheat Rhizosphere-Derived Bacteria Protect Soybean from Soilborne Diseases. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:1565-1576. [PMID: 38105448 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-23-1713-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) is an important oilseed crop with a high economic value. However, three damaging soybean diseases, soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), Sclerotinia stem rot caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lid.) de Bary, and soybean root rot caused by Fusarium spp., are major constraints to soybean production in the Great Plains. Current disease management options, including resistant or tolerant varieties, fungicides, nematicides, and agricultural practices (crop rotation and tillage), have limited efficacy for these pathogens or have adverse effects on the ecosystem. Microbes with antagonistic activity are a promising option to control soybean diseases with the advantage of being environmentally friendly and sustainable. In this study, 61 bacterial strains isolated from wheat rhizospheres were used to examine their antagonistic abilities against three soybean pathogens. Six bacterial strains significantly inhibited the growth of Fusarium graminearum in the dual-culture assay. These bacterial strains were identified as Chryseobacterium ginsengisoli, C. indologenes, Pseudomonas poae, two Pseudomonas spp., and Delftia acidovorans by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Moreover, C. ginsengisoli, C. indologenes, and P. poae significantly increased the mortality of SCN second-stage juveniles (J2), and two Pseudomonas spp. inhibited the growth of S. sclerotiorum in vitro. Further growth chamber tests found that C. ginsengisoli and C. indologenes reduced soybean Fusarium root rot disease. C. ginsengisoli and P. poae dramatically decreased SCN egg number on SCN-susceptible soybean 'Williams 82'. Two Pseudomonas spp. protected soybean plants from leaf damage and collapse after being infected by S. sclerotiorum. These bacteria exhibit versatile antagonistic potential. This work lays the foundation for further research on the field control of soybean pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Yin
- North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Brookings, SD
| | - Matt Larson
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Nathan Lahr
- North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Brookings, SD
| | - Timothy Paulitz
- Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA
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13
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Sevillano-Caño J, García MJ, Córdoba-Galván C, Luque-Cruz C, Agustí-Brisach C, Lucena C, Ramos J, Pérez-Vicente R, Romera FJ. Exploring the Role of Debaryomyces hansenii as Biofertilizer in Iron-Deficient Environments to Enhance Plant Nutrition and Crop Production Sustainability. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5729. [PMID: 38891917 PMCID: PMC11171756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The European "Green Deal" policies are shifting toward more sustainable and environmentally conscious agricultural practices, reducing the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides. This implies exploring alternative strategies. One promising alternative to improve plant nutrition and reinforce plant defenses is the use of beneficial microorganisms in the rhizosphere, such as "Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria and fungi". Despite the great abundance of iron (Fe) in the Earth's crust, its poor solubility in calcareous soil makes Fe deficiency a major agricultural issue worldwide. Among plant promoting microorganisms, the yeast Debaryomyces hansenii has been very recently incorporated, for its ability to induce morphological and physiological key responses to Fe deficiency in plants, under hydroponic culture conditions. The present work takes it a step further and explores the potential of D. hansenii to improve plant nutrition and stimulate growth in cucumber plants grown in calcareous soil, where ferric chlorosis is common. Additionally, the study examines D. hansenii's ability to induce systemic resistance (ISR) through a comparative relative expression study by qRT-PCR of ethylene (ET) biosynthesis (ACO1), or ET signaling (EIN2 and EIN3), and salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis (PAL)-related genes. The results mark a significant milestone since D. hansenii not only enhances nutrient uptake and stimulates plant growth and flower development but could also amplify induced systemic resistance (ISR). Although there is still much work ahead, these findings make D. hansenii a promising candidate to be used for sustainable and environmentally friendly integrated crop management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Sevillano-Caño
- Departamento de Agronomía (DAUCO) María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence 2021–2024, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario de Rabanales (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (J.S.-C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.L.-C.); (C.A.-B.); (C.L.); (F.J.R.)
| | - María José García
- Departamento de Agronomía (DAUCO) María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence 2021–2024, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario de Rabanales (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (J.S.-C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.L.-C.); (C.A.-B.); (C.L.); (F.J.R.)
| | - Clara Córdoba-Galván
- Departamento de Agronomía (DAUCO) María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence 2021–2024, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario de Rabanales (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (J.S.-C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.L.-C.); (C.A.-B.); (C.L.); (F.J.R.)
| | - Carmen Luque-Cruz
- Departamento de Agronomía (DAUCO) María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence 2021–2024, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario de Rabanales (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (J.S.-C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.L.-C.); (C.A.-B.); (C.L.); (F.J.R.)
| | - Carlos Agustí-Brisach
- Departamento de Agronomía (DAUCO) María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence 2021–2024, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario de Rabanales (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (J.S.-C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.L.-C.); (C.A.-B.); (C.L.); (F.J.R.)
| | - Carlos Lucena
- Departamento de Agronomía (DAUCO) María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence 2021–2024, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario de Rabanales (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (J.S.-C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.L.-C.); (C.A.-B.); (C.L.); (F.J.R.)
| | - José Ramos
- Departamento de Química Agrícola, Edafología y Microbiología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario de Rabanales (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Rafael Pérez-Vicente
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario de Rabanales (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Romera
- Departamento de Agronomía (DAUCO) María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence 2021–2024, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario de Rabanales (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (J.S.-C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.L.-C.); (C.A.-B.); (C.L.); (F.J.R.)
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14
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Nenciarini S, Renzi S, di Paola M, Meriggi N, Cavalieri D. The yeast-human coevolution: Fungal transition from passengers, colonizers, and invaders. WIREs Mech Dis 2024; 16:e1639. [PMID: 38146626 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Fungi are the cause of more than a billion infections in humans every year, although their interactions with the host are still neglected compared to bacteria. Major systemic fungal infections are very unusual in the healthy population, due to the long history of coevolution with the human host. Humans are routinely exposed to environmental fungi and can host a commensal mycobiota, which is increasingly considered as a key player in health and disease. Here, we review the current knowledge on host-fungi coevolution and the factors that regulate their interaction. On one hand, fungi have learned to survive and inhabit the host organisms as a natural ecosystem, on the other hand, the host immune system finely tunes the response toward fungi. In turn, recognition of fungi as commensals or pathogens regulates the host immune balance in health and disease. In the human gut ecosystem, yeasts provide a fingerprint of the transient microbiota. Their status as passengers or colonizers is related to the integrity of the gut barrier and the risk of multiple disorders. Thus, the study of this less known component of the microbiota could unravel the rules of the transition from passengers to colonizers and invaders, as well as their dependence on the innate component of the host's immune response. This article is categorized under: Infectious Diseases > Environmental Factors Immune System Diseases > Environmental Factors Infectious Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Renzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica di Paola
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Meriggi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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15
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Calderón AA, Almagro L, Martínez-Calderón A, Ferrer MA. Transcriptional reprogramming in sound-treated Micro-Tom plants inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14335. [PMID: 38705728 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Sound vibrations (SV) are known to influence molecular and physiological processes that can improve crop performance and yield. In this study, the effects of three audible frequencies (100, 500 and 1000 Hz) at constant amplitude (90 dB) on tomato Micro-Tom physiological responses were evaluated 1 and 3 days post-treatment. Moreover, the potential use of SV treatment as priming agent for improved Micro-Tom resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 was tested by microarray. Results showed that the SV-induced physiological changes were frequency- and time-dependent, with the largest changes registered at 1000 Hz at day 3. SV treatments tended to alter the foliar content of photosynthetic pigments, soluble proteins, sugars, phenolic composition, and the enzymatic activity of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Microarray data revealed that 1000 Hz treatment is effective in eliciting transcriptional reprogramming in tomato plants grown under normal conditions, but particularly after the infection with Pst DC3000. Broadly, in plants challenged with Pst DC3000, the 1000 Hz pretreatment provoked the up-regulation of unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in cell wall reinforcement, phenylpropanoid pathway and defensive proteins. In addition, in those plants, DEGs associated with enhancing plant basal immunity, such as proteinase inhibitors, pathogenesis-related proteins, and carbonic anhydrase 3, were notably up-regulated in comparison with non-SV pretreated, infected plants. These findings provide new insights into the modulation of Pst DC3000-tomato interaction by sound and open up prospects for further development of strategies for plant disease management through the reinforcement of defense mechanisms in Micro-Tom plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio A Calderón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Lorena Almagro
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - María A Ferrer
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
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16
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Agbodjato NA, Babalola OO. Promoting sustainable agriculture by exploiting plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to improve maize and cowpea crops. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16836. [PMID: 38638155 PMCID: PMC11025545 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Maize and cowpea are among the staple foods most consumed by most of the African population, and are of significant importance in food security, crop diversification, biodiversity preservation, and livelihoods. In order to satisfy the growing demand for agricultural products, fertilizers and pesticides have been extensively used to increase yields and protect plants against pathogens. However, the excessive use of these chemicals has harmful consequences on the environment and also on public health. These include soil acidification, loss of biodiversity, groundwater pollution, reduced soil fertility, contamination of crops by heavy metals, etc. Therefore, essential to find alternatives to promote sustainable agriculture and ensure the food and well-being of the people. Among these alternatives, agricultural techniques that offer sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions that reduce or eliminate the excessive use of agricultural inputs are increasingly attracting the attention of researchers. One such alternative is the use of beneficial soil microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR provides a variety of ecological services and can play an essential role as crop yield enhancers and biological control agents. They can promote root development in plants, increasing their capacity to absorb water and nutrients from the soil, increase stress tolerance, reduce disease and promote root development. Previous research has highlighted the benefits of using PGPRs to increase agricultural productivity. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms of action of PGPRs and their exploitation as biofertilizers would present a promising prospect for increasing agricultural production, particularly in maize and cowpea, and for ensuring sustainable and prosperous agriculture, while contributing to food security and reducing the impact of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the environment. Looking ahead, PGPR research should continue to deepen our understanding of these microorganisms and their impact on crops, with a view to constantly improving sustainable agricultural practices. On the other hand, farmers and agricultural industry players need to be made aware of the benefits of PGPRs and encouraged to adopt them to promote sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Adoukè Agbodjato
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng, North West, South Africa
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie (LBTMM), Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Calavi, Benin
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng, North West, South Africa
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17
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Körner T, Gierholz R, Zinkernagel J, Röhlen-Schmittgen S. Heat-Induced Cross-Tolerance to Salinity Due to Thermopriming in Tomatoes. Metabolites 2024; 14:213. [PMID: 38668341 PMCID: PMC11052050 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Global plant production is challenged by unpredictable (a)biotic stresses that occur individually, simultaneously or staggered. Due to an increasing demand for environmentally friendly plant production, new sustainable, universal, and preventive measures in crop protection are needed. We postulate thermopriming as a suitable procedure that fulfills these requirements. Therefore, we performed thermopriming as a pre-conditioning on tomato transplants in combination with two subsequent salt stress treatments to evaluate their single and combined physiological effects on leaves and fruits with regard to plant performance, fruit yield and quality. We identified a cross-tolerance to salinity that was triggered by the preceding thermopriming treatment and resulted in an accumulation of phenols and flavonols in the leaves. Plant growth and fruit yield were initially delayed after the stress treatments but recovered later. In regard to fruit quality, we found an increase in carotenoid and starch contents in fruits due to thermopriming, while sugars and titratable acidity were not affected. Our results indicate that thermopriming can mitigate the impact of subsequent and recurrent stress events on plant performance and yield under production-like conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Körner
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Hochschule Geisenheim University, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany (S.R.-S.)
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18
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Valencia-Lozano E, Cabrera-Ponce JL, Barraza A, López-Calleja AC, García-Vázquez E, Rivera-Toro DM, de Folter S, Alvarez-Venegas R. Editing of SlWRKY29 by CRISPR-activation promotes somatic embryogenesis in Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301169. [PMID: 38557903 PMCID: PMC10984418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, the development of plants with improved traits like superior quality, high yield, or stress resistance, are highly desirable in agriculture. Accelerated crop improvement, however, must capitalize on revolutionary new plant breeding technologies, like genetically modified and gene-edited crops, to heighten food crop traits. Genome editing still faces ineffective methods for the transformation and regeneration of different plant species and must surpass the genotype dependency of the transformation process. Tomato is considered an alternative plant model system to rice and Arabidopsis, and a model organism for fleshy-fruited plants. Furthermore, tomato cultivars like Micro-Tom are excellent models for tomato research due to its short life cycle, small size, and capacity to grow at high density. Therefore, we developed an indirect somatic embryo protocol from cotyledonary tomato explants and used this to generate epigenetically edited tomato plants for the SlWRKY29 gene via CRISPR-activation (CRISPRa). We found that epigenetic reprogramming for SlWRKY29 establishes a transcriptionally permissive chromatin state, as determined by an enrichment of the H3K4me3 mark. A whole transcriptome analysis of CRISPRa-edited pro-embryogenic masses and mature somatic embryos allowed us to characterize the mechanism driving somatic embryo induction in the edited tomato cv. Micro-Tom. Furthermore, we show that enhanced embryo induction and maturation are influenced by the transcriptional effector employed during CRISPRa, as well as by the medium composition and in vitro environmental conditions such as osmotic components, plant growth regulators, and light intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Valencia-Lozano
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - José Luis Cabrera-Ponce
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Aarón Barraza
- Programa de Agricultura en Zonas Áridas, CONACYT-CIBNOR, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Alberto Cristian López-Calleja
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Elsa García-Vázquez
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Diana Marcela Rivera-Toro
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Stefan de Folter
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Raúl Alvarez-Venegas
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
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19
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Nabi Z, Manzoor S, Nabi SU, Wani TA, Gulzar H, Farooq M, Arya VM, Baloch FS, Vlădulescu C, Popescu SM, Mansoor S. Pattern-Triggered Immunity and Effector-Triggered Immunity: crosstalk and cooperation of PRR and NLR-mediated plant defense pathways during host-pathogen interactions. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:587-604. [PMID: 38737322 PMCID: PMC11087456 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The elucidation of the molecular basis underlying plant-pathogen interactions is imperative for the development of sustainable resistance strategies against pathogens. Plants employ a dual-layered immunological detection and response system wherein cell surface-localized Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) and intracellular Nucleotide-Binding Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptors (NLRs) play pivotal roles in initiating downstream signalling cascades in response to pathogen-derived chemicals. Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI) is associated with PRRs and is activated by the recognition of conserved molecular structures, known as Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns. When PTI proves ineffective due to pathogenic effectors, Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI) frequently confers resistance. In ETI, host plants utilize NLRs to detect pathogen effectors directly or indirectly, prompting a rapid and more robust defense response. Additionally epigenetic mechanisms are participating in plant immune memory. Recently developed technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 helps in exposing novel prospects in plant pathogen interactions. In this review we explore the fascinating crosstalk and cooperation between PRRs and NLRs. We discuss epigenomic processes and CRISPR/Cas9 regulating immune response in plants and recent findings that shed light on the coordination of these defense layers. Furthermore, we also have discussed the intricate interactions between the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signalling pathways in plants, offering insights into potential synergistic interactions that would be harnessed for the development of novel and sustainable resistance strategies against diverse group of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarka Nabi
- Division of Plant Pathology, FOA-SKUAST-K, Wadura, 193201 India
| | - Subaya Manzoor
- Division of Plant Pathology, FOA-SKUAST-K, Wadura, 193201 India
| | - Sajad Un Nabi
- ICAR-Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar, 191132 India
| | | | - Humira Gulzar
- Division of Plant Pathology, FOA-SKUAST-K, Wadura, 193201 India
| | - Mehreena Farooq
- Division of Plant Pathology, FOH-SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025 India
| | - Vivak M. Arya
- Division of Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu, India
| | - Faheem Shehzad Baloch
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mersin University, 33100 Yenişehir, Mersin Turkey
| | - Carmen Vlădulescu
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, University of Craiova, A. I. Cuza 13, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Simona Mariana Popescu
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, University of Craiova, A. I. Cuza 13, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Sheikh Mansoor
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243 Republic of Korea
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243 Republic of Korea
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20
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Nishio H, Kawakatsu T, Yamaguchi N. Beyond heat waves: Unlocking epigenetic heat stress memory in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1934-1951. [PMID: 37878744 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Plants remember their exposure to environmental changes and respond more effectively the next time they encounter a similar change by flexibly altering gene expression. Epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in establishing such memory of environmental changes and fine-tuning gene expression. With the recent advancements in biochemistry and sequencing technologies, it has become possible to characterize the dynamics of epigenetic changes on scales ranging from short term (minutes) to long term (generations). Here, our main focus is on describing the current understanding of the temporal regulation of histone modifications and chromatin changes during exposure to short-term recurring high temperatures and reevaluating them in the context of natural environments. Investigations of the dynamics of histone modifications and chromatin structural changes in Arabidopsis after repeated exposure to heat at short intervals have revealed the detailed molecular mechanisms of short-term heat stress memory, which include histone modification enzymes, chromatin remodelers, and key transcription factors. In addition, we summarize the spatial regulation of heat responses. Based on the natural temperature patterns during summer, we discuss how plants cope with recurring heat stress occurring at various time intervals by utilizing 2 distinct types of heat stress memory mechanisms. We also explore future research directions to provide a more precise understanding of the epigenetic regulation of heat stress memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Nishio
- Data Science and AI Innovation Research Promotion Center, Shiga University, Shiga 522-8522, Japan
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Shiga 520-2113, Japan
| | - Taiji Kawakatsu
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Yamaguchi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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Yang F, Jiang H, Ma K, Hegazy A, Wang X, Liang S, Chang G, Yu L, Tian B, Shi X. Genomic and phenotypic analyses reveal Paenibacillus polymyxa PJH16 is a potential biocontrol agent against cucumber fusarium wilt. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1359263. [PMID: 38591040 PMCID: PMC11000672 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1359263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, bacterial-based biocontrol agents (BCA) have become a new trend for the control of fungal diseases such as fusarium wilt that seriously threaten the yield and quality of cucumber, which are transmitted through infested soil and water. This study was set out with the aim of figuring the mechanism of the isolated rhizobacterial strain Paenibacillus polymyxa PJH16 in preventing Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc). Biocontrol and growth-promoting experiments revealed that bacterial strain causes effective inhibition of the fungal disease through a significant growth-promoting ability of plants, and had activities of β-1,3-glucanase, cellulase, amylase and protease. It could produce siderophore and indole-3-acetic acid, too. Using the high-throughput sequencing tool PacBio Sequel II system and the database annotation, the bacterial strain was identified as P. polymyxa PJH16 and contained genes encoding for presence of biofilm formation, antimicrobial peptides, siderophores and hydrolyases. From comparing data between the whole genome of P. polymyxa PJH16 with four closely related P. polymyxa strains, findings revealed markedly the subtle differences in their genome sequences and proposed new antifungal substances present in P. polymyxa PJH16. Therefore, P. polymyxa PJH16 could be utilized in bioengineering a microbial formulation for application as biocontrol agent and bio-stimulant, in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huayan Jiang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Abeer Hegazy
- National Water Research Center, Shubra El Kheima, Egypt
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shen Liang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gaozheng Chang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liqin Yu
- Henan Natural Products Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baoming Tian
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuanjie Shi
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Dinango VN, Dhouib H, Wakam LN, Kouokap LK, Youmbi DY, Eke P, Driss F, Tounsi S, Boyom FF, Frikha-Gargouri O. Bacterial endophytes inhabiting desert plants provide protection against seed rot caused by Fusarium verticillioides and promote growth in maize. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1206-1218. [PMID: 37886813 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium maize ear and root rot disease caused by Fusarium verticillioides has become one of the most serious fungal diseases associated with maize production. Due to their abilities to promote plant development and manage diseases, bacterial endophytes provide a more promising approach for treating this vascular disease. RESULTS This work was undertaken for the selection and identification of promising isolates as plant growth promoters and biocontrol agents against F. verticillioides in maize agroecosystems. A screening procedure consisting of in vitro and in situ tests was applied to 27 endophytic strains originating from desert plants: Euphorbia antiquorum, Calotropis procera, and Alcasia albida. In vitro studies indicated that the bacteria exhibited variable results in biocontrol, endophytism, and plant growth-promoting traits. In addition, in situ plant growth promotion and biocontrol experiments allowed the identification of the most promising bacterial endophytes. In vitro and in situ comparative study results indicated a low correlation. Our data revealed that in situ screening must be used as the method of selection of biocontrol agents against Fusarium ear and root rot disease. Based on in situ results, seven potent strains were selected and identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus tequilensis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that the selected strains seem to be promising candidates to be exploited as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents against Fusarium maize ear and root rot disease. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Nya Dinango
- Antimicrobial & Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Hanen Dhouib
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Louise Nana Wakam
- Antimicrobial & Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Soil Microbiology Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Lanvin Kepngop Kouokap
- Antimicrobial & Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Diane Yimta Youmbi
- Antimicrobial & Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Eke
- College of Technology, Department of Crop Production Technology, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
| | - Fatma Driss
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Tounsi
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fabrice Fekam Boyom
- Antimicrobial & Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Olfa Frikha-Gargouri
- Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
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23
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Tanarsuwongkul S, Fisher KW, Mullis BT, Negi H, Roberts J, Tomlin F, Wang Q, Stratmann JW. Green leaf volatiles co-opt proteins involved in molecular pattern signalling in plant cells. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:928-946. [PMID: 38164082 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The green leaf volatiles (GLVs) Z-3-hexen-1-ol (Z3-HOL) and Z-3-hexenyl acetate (Z3-HAC) are airborne infochemicals released from damaged plant tissues that induce defenses and developmental responses in receiver plants, but little is known about their mechanism of action. We found that Z3-HOL and Z3-HAC induce similar but distinctive physiological and signaling responses in tomato seedlings and cell cultures. In seedlings, Z3-HAC showed a stronger root growth inhibition effect than Z3-HOL. In cell cultures, the two GLVs induced distinct changes in MAP kinase (MAPK) activity and proton fluxes as well as rapid and massive changes in the phosphorylation status of proteins within 5 min. Many of these phosphoproteins are involved in reprogramming the proteome from cellular homoeostasis to stress and include pattern recognition receptors, a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, MAPK cascade components, calcium signaling proteins and transcriptional regulators. These are well-known components of damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) signaling pathways. These rapid changes in the phosphoproteome may underly the activation of defense and developmental responses to GLVs. Our data provide further evidence that GLVs function like DAMPs and indicate that GLVs coopt DAMP signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirsten W Fisher
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - B Todd Mullis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- IMCS, Irmo, South Carolina, USA
| | - Harshita Negi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jamie Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Fallon Tomlin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Johannes W Stratmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Sicilia A, Russo R, Catara V, Lo Piero AR. Hub Genes and Pathways Related to Lemon ( Citrus limon) Leaf Response to Plenodomus tracheiphilus Infection and Influenced by Pseudomonas mediterranea Biocontrol Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2391. [PMID: 38397068 PMCID: PMC10889467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The lemon industry in the Mediterranean basin is strongly threatened by "mal secco" disease (MSD) caused by the fungus Plenodomus tracheiphlilus. Leaf pretreatments with Pseudomonas mediterranea 3C have been proposed as innovative tools for eco-sustainable interventions aimed at controlling the disease. In this study, by exploiting the results of previously performed RNAseq analysis, WCGNA was conducted among gene expression patterns in both inoculated (Pt) and pretreated and fungus-inoculated lemon plants (Citrus limon L.) (3CPt), and two indicators of fungal infection, i.e., the amount of fungus DNA measured in planta and the disease index (DI). The aims of this work were (a) to identify gene modules significantly associated with those traits, (b) to construct co-expression networks related to mal secco disease; (c) to define the effect and action mechanisms of P. mediterranea by comparing the networks. The results led to the identification of nine hub genes in the networks, with three of them belonging to receptor-like kinases (RLK), such as HERK1, CLAVATA1 and LRR, which play crucial roles in plant-pathogen interaction. Moreover, the comparison between networks indicated that the expression of those receptors is not induced in the presence of P. mediterranea, suggesting how powerful WCGNA is in discovering crucial genes that must undergo further investigation and be eventually knocked out.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Angela Roberta Lo Piero
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.S.); (R.R.); (V.C.)
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Chiang CY, Chang CH, Tseng TY, Nguyen VAT, Su PY, Truong TTT, Chen JY, Huang CC, Huang HJ. Volatile Compounds Emitted by Plant Growth-Promoting Fungus Tolypocladium inflatum GT22 Alleviate Copper and Pathogen Stress. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:199-215. [PMID: 37951591 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on the intricate interactions between plants and microorganisms have revealed that fungal volatile compounds (VCs) can affect plant growth and development. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these actions remain to be delineated. In this study, we discovered that VCs from the soilborne fungus Tolypocladium inflatum GT22 enhance the growth of Arabidopsis. Remarkably, priming Arabidopsis with GT22 VCs caused the plant to display an enhanced immune response and mitigated the detrimental effects of both pathogenic infections and copper stress. Transcriptomic analyses of Arabidopsis seedlings treated with GT22 VCs for 3, 24 and 48 h revealed that 90, 83 and 137 genes were differentially expressed, respectively. The responsive genes are known to be involved in growth, hormone regulation, defense mechanisms and signaling pathways. Furthermore, we observed the induction of genes related to innate immunity, hypoxia, salicylic acid biosynthesis and camalexin biosynthesis by GT22 VCs. Among the VCs emitted by GT22, exposure of Arabidopsis seedlings to limonene promoted plant growth and attenuated copper stress. Thus, limonene appears to be a key mediator of the interaction between GT22 and plants. Overall, our findings provide evidence that fungal VCs can promote plant growth and enhance both biotic and abiotic tolerance. As such, our study suggests that exposure of seedlings to T. inflatum GT22 VCs may be a means of improving crop productivity. This study describes a beneficial interaction between T. inflatun GT22 and Arabidopsis. Our investigation of microorganism function in terms of VC activities allowed us to overcome the limitations of traditional microbial application methods. The importance of this study lies in the discovery of T. inflatun GT22 as a beneficial microorganism. This soilborne fungus emits VCs with plant growth-promoting effects and the ability to alleviate both copper and pathogenic stress. Furthermore, our study offers a valuable approach to tracking the activities of fungal VC components via transcriptomic analysis and sheds light on the mechanisms through which VCs promote plant growth and induce resistance. This research significantly advances our knowledge of VC applications and provides an example for further investigations within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yun Chiang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ching-Han Chang
- Graduate Program in Translational Agricultural Sciences, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tzu-Yun Tseng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Van-Anh Thi Nguyen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Yu Su
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tu-Trinh Thi Truong
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Faculty of Technology, The University of Danang-Campus in Kontum, The University of Danang, 704 Phan Dinh Phung Street, Kontum City, Kontum Province, 580000 Vietnam
| | - Jing-Yu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Chih Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hao-Jen Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Graduate Program in Translational Agricultural Sciences, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
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26
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Venios X, Gkizi D, Nisiotou A, Korkas E, Tjamos SE, Zamioudis C, Banilas G. Emerging Roles of Epigenetics in Grapevine and Winegrowing. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:515. [PMID: 38498480 PMCID: PMC10893341 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to dynamic chemical modifications to the genome that can perpetuate gene activity without changes in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms play important roles in growth and development. They may also drive plant adaptation to adverse environmental conditions by buffering environmental variation. Grapevine is an important perennial fruit crop cultivated worldwide, but mostly in temperate zones with hot and dry summers. The decrease in rainfall and the rise in temperature due to climate change, along with the expansion of pests and diseases, constitute serious threats to the sustainability of winegrowing. Ongoing research shows that epigenetic modifications are key regulators of important grapevine developmental processes, including berry growth and ripening. Variations in epigenetic modifications driven by genotype-environment interplay may also lead to novel phenotypes in response to environmental cues, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. Here, we summarize the recent advances in the emerging field of grapevine epigenetics. We primarily highlight the impact of epigenetics to grapevine stress responses and acquisition of stress tolerance. We further discuss how epigenetics may affect winegrowing and also shape the quality of wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenophon Venios
- Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos 28, 12243 Athens, Greece; (X.V.); (D.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Danai Gkizi
- Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos 28, 12243 Athens, Greece; (X.V.); (D.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Aspasia Nisiotou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “Demeter”, Sofokli Venizelou 1, 14123 Lykovryssi, Greece;
| | - Elias Korkas
- Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos 28, 12243 Athens, Greece; (X.V.); (D.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Sotirios E. Tjamos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Christos Zamioudis
- Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Pantazidou 193, 68200 Orestiada, Greece;
| | - Georgios Banilas
- Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos 28, 12243 Athens, Greece; (X.V.); (D.G.); (E.K.)
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27
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Sistenich AJ, Fürtauer L, Scheele F, Conrath U. Marker and readout genes for defense priming in Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis interaction aid understanding systemic immunity in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3489. [PMID: 38347062 PMCID: PMC10861594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53982-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Following localized infection, the entire plant foliage becomes primed for enhanced defense. However, specific genes induced during defense priming (priming-marker genes) and those showing increased expression in defense-primed plants upon rechallenge (priming-readout genes) remain largely unknown. In our Arabidopsis thaliana study, genes AT1G76960 (function unknown), CAX3 (encoding a vacuolar Ca2+/H+ antiporter), and CRK4 (encoding a cysteine-rich receptor-like protein kinase) were strongly expressed during Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis-induced defense priming, uniquely marking the primed state for enhanced defense. Conversely, PR1 (encoding a pathogenesis-related protein), RLP23 and RLP41 (both encoding receptor-like proteins) were similarly activated in defense-primed plants before and after rechallenge, suggesting they are additional marker genes for defense priming. In contrast, CASPL4D1 (encoding Casparian strip domain-like protein 4D1), FRK1 (encoding flg22-induced receptor-like kinase), and AT3G28510 (encoding a P loop-containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein) showed minimal activation in uninfected, defense-primed, or rechallenged plants, but intensified in defense-primed plants after rechallenge. Notably, mutation in only priming-readout gene NHL25 (encoding NDR1/HIN1-like protein 25) impaired both defense priming and systemic acquired resistance, highlighting its previously undiscovered pivotal role in systemic plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Sistenich
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lisa Fürtauer
- Plant Molecular Systems Biology Group, Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Scheele
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Uwe Conrath
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany.
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28
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Hundacker J, Linda T, Hilker M, Lortzing V, Bittner N. The impact of insect egg deposition on Pinus sylvestris transcriptomic and phytohormonal responses to larval herbivory. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpae008. [PMID: 38227779 PMCID: PMC10878248 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Plants can improve their resistance to feeding damage by insects if they have perceived insect egg deposition prior to larval feeding. Molecular analyses of these egg-mediated defence mechanisms have until now focused on angiosperm species. It is unknown how the transcriptome of a gymnosperm species responds to insect eggs and subsequent larval feeding. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is known to improve its defences against larvae of the herbivorous sawfly Diprion pini L. if it has previously received sawfly eggs. Here, we analysed the transcriptomic and phytohormonal responses of Scots pine needles to D. pini eggs (E-pine), larval feeding (F-pine) and to both eggs and larval feeding (EF-pine). Pine showed strong transcriptomic responses to sawfly eggs and-as expected-to larval feeding. Many egg-responsive genes were also differentially expressed in response to feeding damage, and these genes play an important role in biological processes related to cell wall modification, cell death and jasmonic acid signalling. EF-pine showed fewer transcriptomic changes than F-pine, whereas EF-treated angiosperm species studied so far showed more transcriptional changes to the initial phase of larval feeding than only feeding-damaged F-angiosperms. However, as with responses of EF-angiosperms, EF-pine showed higher salicylic acid concentrations than F-pine. Based on the considerable overlap of the transcriptomes of E- and F-pine, we suggest that the weaker transcriptomic response of EF-pine than F-pine to larval feeding damage is compensated by the strong, egg-induced response, which might result in maintained pine defences against larval feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janik Hundacker
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Straße 9, Berlin 12163, Germany
| | - Tom Linda
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Straße 9, Berlin 12163, Germany
| | - Monika Hilker
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Straße 9, Berlin 12163, Germany
| | - Vivien Lortzing
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Straße 9, Berlin 12163, Germany
| | - Norbert Bittner
- Applied Genetics, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 6, Berlin 14195, Germany
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29
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Priya Reddy YN, Oelmüller R. Lipid peroxidation and stress-induced signalling molecules in systemic resistance mediated by azelaic acid/AZELAIC ACID INDUCED1: signal initiation and propagation. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:305-316. [PMID: 38623172 PMCID: PMC11016046 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Systemic acquired resistance protects plants against a broad spectrum of secondary infections by pathogens. A crucial compound involved in the systemic spread of the threat information after primary pathogen infection is the C9 oxylipin azelaic acid (AZA), a breakdown product of unsaturated C18 fatty acids. AZA is generated during lipid peroxidation in the plastids and accumulates in response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. AZA stimulates the expression of AZELAIC ACID INDUCED1 (AZI1), and a pool of AZI1 accumulates in the plastid envelope in association with AZA. AZA and AZI1 utilize the symplastic pathway to travel through the plasmodesmata to neighbouring cells to induce systemic stress resistance responses in distal tissues. Here, we describe the synthesis, travel and function of AZA and AZI1 and discuss open questions of signal initiation and propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. N. Priya Reddy
- Matthias Schleiden Institute, Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Matthias Schleiden Institute, Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Present Address: Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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30
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Jiadkong K, Fauzia AN, Yamaguchi N, Ueda A. Exogenous riboflavin (vitamin B2) application enhances salinity tolerance through the activation of its biosynthesis in rice seedlings under salinity stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 339:111929. [PMID: 38007197 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress triggers the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to impaired plant growth. Riboflavin (RIB; vitamin B2) is synthesized by plants, fungi, and microorganisms and is a precursor of the coenzymes, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which are important for cellular metabolism. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanistic basis of the RIB-mediated alleviation of salinity stress in rice. We observed higher biomass accumulation and lower concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in RIB-pretreated seedlings under salinity stress. In vitro assays showed that H2O2 was scavenged as the RIB concentration increased, implying that RIB may function as a non-enzymatic antioxidant in ROS detoxification. RIB-pretreated seedlings accumulated more Na+ in the roots than in the leaf blades because of the contributions of OsHKT2;1, OsNHX1, and OsHKT1;4 in the roots and leaf sheaths, respectively. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis revealed increased RIB concentration in roots and shoots and upregulation of key genes (OsRIBA1, OsGCHI, OsLS, and OsRS) involved in RIB biosynthesis in the roots of RIB-pretreated seedlings. Taken together, our findings suggest that RIB pretreatment ameliorates salinity stress in rice by improving (1) oxidative stress tolerance, as increased RIB concentration may function as a non-enzymatic antioxidant, and (2) ionic stress tolerance, as RIB pretreatment limits Na+ accumulation in the leaf blades and maintains a favorable Na+/K+ balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonthip Jiadkong
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Anisa Nazera Fauzia
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Jl. Laksda Adisucipto, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Nobuo Yamaguchi
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, 1-4-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ueda
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
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Crawford T, Siebler L, Sulkowska A, Nowack B, Jiang L, Pan Y, Lämke J, Kappel C, Bäurle I. The Mediator kinase module enhances polymerase activity to regulate transcriptional memory after heat stress in Arabidopsis. EMBO J 2024; 43:437-461. [PMID: 38228917 PMCID: PMC10897291 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-023-00024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants are often exposed to recurring adverse environmental conditions in the wild. Acclimation to high temperatures entails transcriptional responses, which prime plants to better withstand subsequent stress events. Heat stress (HS)-induced transcriptional memory results in more efficient re-induction of transcription upon recurrence of heat stress. Here, we identified CDK8 and MED12, two subunits of the kinase module of the transcription co-regulator complex, Mediator, as promoters of heat stress memory and associated histone modifications in Arabidopsis. CDK8 is recruited to heat-stress memory genes by HEAT SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR A2 (HSFA2). Like HSFA2, CDK8 is largely dispensable for the initial gene induction upon HS, and its function in transcriptional memory is thus independent of primary gene activation. In addition to the promoter and transcriptional start region of target genes, CDK8 also binds their 3'-region, where it may promote elongation, termination, or rapid re-initiation of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complexes during transcriptional memory bursts. Our work presents a complex role for the Mediator kinase module during transcriptional memory in multicellular eukaryotes, through interactions with transcription factors, chromatin modifications, and promotion of Pol II efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Crawford
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lara Siebler
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Bryan Nowack
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Li Jiang
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yufeng Pan
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jörn Lämke
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian Kappel
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Isabel Bäurle
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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Lo MM, Benfodda Z, Molinié R, Meffre P. Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Flowers: Ecological Roles, Production by Plants, Extraction, and Identification. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:417. [PMID: 38337950 PMCID: PMC10857460 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with a large chemical diversity are emitted by plant flowers. These compounds play an important role in the ecology of plants. This review presents the different ecological roles of VOCs present in the odor plumes of plant flowers, such as pollination, defense, adaptation to their environment, and communication with other organisms. The production and accumulation sites of VOCs in plants with their spatial and temporal variations, including environmental issues, are also summarized. To evaluate the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of VOCs, several methods of extraction and analysis were used. Headspace (HS) sampling coupled with solid phase microextraction (SPME) is now well-developed for the extraction process. Parameters are known, and several fibers are now available to optimize this extraction. Most of the time, SPME is coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the structural identification of the VOCs, paying attention to the use of several complementary methods for identification like the use of databases, retention indices, and, when available, comparison with authentic standards analyses. The development of the knowledge on VOCs emitted by flowers is of great importance for plant ecology in the context of environmental and climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mame-Marietou Lo
- UPR Détection, Évaluation, Gestion des Risques CHROniques et éMErgents (CHROME), UNIV. NIMES, CEDEX 1, F-30021 Nîmes, France; (M.-M.L.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zohra Benfodda
- UPR Détection, Évaluation, Gestion des Risques CHROniques et éMErgents (CHROME), UNIV. NIMES, CEDEX 1, F-30021 Nîmes, France; (M.-M.L.); (Z.B.)
| | - Roland Molinié
- UMR INRAE 1158 Transfrontaliére BioEcoAgro, BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), UPJV, UFR de Pharmacie, F-80037 Amiens, France;
| | - Patrick Meffre
- UPR Détection, Évaluation, Gestion des Risques CHROniques et éMErgents (CHROME), UNIV. NIMES, CEDEX 1, F-30021 Nîmes, France; (M.-M.L.); (Z.B.)
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Zheng Y, Liu Q, Shi S, Zhu X, Chen Y, Lin S, Tian H, Huang L, Wei H. Nitrogen Deficiency Enhances Eggplant Defense against Western Flower Thrips via the Induction of the Jasmonate Pathway. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:273. [PMID: 38256826 PMCID: PMC10820576 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Plant nutrition is connected to defense against insect herbivores, but the exact mechanism underlying the effect of the nitrogen (N) supply on the anti-herbivore capacity of eggplants (Solanum melongena) has not been studied in detail. Therefore, we examined the impact of low (LN, 0.5 mM) and high (HN, 5 mM) nitrate levels on eggplant resistance against the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (WFT), a major destructive eggplant pest. Our results showed that LN plants displayed enhanced defense responses to WFT compared to HN plants. This included increased transcript levels of key genes in the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway, the accumulation of JA-amido conjugates (jasmonoyl-isoleucine, jasmonoyl-phenylalanine, and jasmonoyl-valine), JA precursor (12-oxophytodienoic acid), and methyl jasmonate, higher transcript levels of defense marker genes (MPK3, MPK7, and WRKY53), and increased activities of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase upon a WFT attack. Our findings suggest that N deficiency can prime JA-mediated defense responses in eggplants, resulting in increased anti-herbivore resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qianxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
| | - Shuang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
| | - Xiaowen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Shuo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Houjun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Lanyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
| | - Hui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.S.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.L.); (H.T.); (L.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350013, China
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Kumar S, Shukla V, Tripathi YN, Aamir M, Divyanshu K, Yadav M, Upadhyay RS. Biochemical changes, antioxidative profile, and efficacy of the bio-stimulant in plant defense response against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in common bean ( Phasaeolus vulgaris L.). Heliyon 2024; 10:e23030. [PMID: 38169743 PMCID: PMC10758741 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a highly destructive pathogen with widespread impact on common bean (Phasaeolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. In this work, we investigated the efficacy of microbial consortia in bolstering host defense against sclerotinia rot. Specifically, we evaluated the performance of a microbial consortia comprising of Trichoderma erinaceum (T51) and Trichoderma viride (T52) (referred to as the T4 treatment) in terms of biochemical parameters, alleviation of the ROS induced cellular toxicity, membrane integrity (measured as MDA content), nutrient profiling, and the host defense-related antioxidative enzyme activities. Our findings demonstrate a notable enhancement in thiamine content, exhibiting 1.887 and 1.513-fold higher in the T4 compared to the un-inoculated control and the T1 treatment (only S. sclerotiorum treated). Similarly, the total proline content exhibited 3.46 and 1.24-fold higher and the total phenol content was 4.083 and 2.625-fold higher in the T4 compared to the un-inoculated control and the T1 treatment, respectively. Likewise, a general trend was found for other antioxidative and non-oxidative enzyme activities. However, results found were approximately similar in T2 treatment (bioprimed with T51) or T3 treatments (bioprimed with T52). Further, host defense attribute (survival rate) under the pathogen challenged condition was maximum in the T4 (15.55 % disease incidence) compared to others. Therefore, bio priming with consortia could be useful in reducing the economic losses incited by S. sclerotiorum in common beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, 751029, Odisha, India
| | - Vaishali Shukla
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yashoda Nandan Tripathi
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Aamir
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Kumari Divyanshu
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Yadav
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ram Sanmukh Upadhyay
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Wu S, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Liu F, Hu W. Application of Multi-Omics Technologies to the Study of Phytochromes in Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:99. [PMID: 38247523 PMCID: PMC10812741 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytochromes (phy) are distributed in various plant organs, and their physiological effects influence plant germination, flowering, fruiting, and senescence, as well as regulate morphogenesis throughout the plant life cycle. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key regulatory factor in plant systemic responses to environmental stimuli, with an attractive regulatory relationship with phytochromes. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, omics techniques have become powerful tools, and researchers have used omics techniques to facilitate the big data revolution. For an in-depth analysis of phytochrome-mediated signaling pathways, integrated multi-omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) approaches may provide the answer from a global perspective. This article comprehensively elaborates on applying multi-omics techniques in studying phytochromes. We describe the current research status and future directions on transcriptome-, proteome-, and metabolome-related network components mediated by phytochromes when cells are subjected to various stimulation. We emphasize the importance of multi-omics technologies in exploring the effects of phytochromes on cells and their molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we provide methods and ideas for future crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Wu
- Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.); (Q.Z.)
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qi Zhang
- Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fen Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Weiming Hu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
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Galicia-Campos E, García-Villaraco A, Montero-Palmero MB, Gutiérrez-Mañero FJ, Ramos-Solano B. Bacillus G7 improves adaptation to salt stress in Olea europaea L. plantlets, enhancing water use efficiency and preventing oxidative stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22507. [PMID: 38110443 PMCID: PMC10728083 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to genetic adaptative mechanisms, plants retrieve additional help from the surrounding microbiome, especially beneficial bacterial strains (PGPB) that contribute to plant fitness by modulating plant physiology to fine-tune adaptation to environmental changes. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms by which the PGPB Bacillus G7 stimulates the adaptive mechanisms of Olea europaea plantlets to high-salinity conditions, exploring changes at the physiological, metabolic and gene expression levels. On the one hand, G7 prevented photosynthetic imbalance under saline stress, increasing the maximum photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and energy dissipation (NPQ) and protecting against photooxidative stress. On the other hand, despite the decrease in effective PSII quantum yield (ΦPSII), net carbon fixation was significantly improved, resulting in significant increases in osmolytes and antioxidants, suggesting an improvement in the use of absorbed energy. Water use efficiency (WUE) was significantly improved. Strong genetic reprogramming was evidenced by the transcriptome that revealed involvement of the ABA-mediated pathway based on upregulation of ABA synthesis- and ABA-sensing-related genes together with a strong downregulation of the PLC2 phosphatase family, repressors of ABA-response elements and upregulation of ion homeostasis-related genes. The ion homeostasis response was activated faster in G7-treated plants, as suggested by qPCR data. All these results reveal the multitargeted improvement of plant metabolism under salt stress by Bacillus G7, which allows growth under water limitation conditions, an excellent trait to develop biofertilizers for agriculture under harsh conditions supporting the use of biofertilizers among the new farming practices to meet the increasing demand for food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estrella Galicia-Campos
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Ctra. Boadilla del Monte km 5.3, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana García-Villaraco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Ctra. Boadilla del Monte km 5.3, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ma Belén Montero-Palmero
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Ctra. Boadilla del Monte km 5.3, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Javier Gutiérrez-Mañero
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Ctra. Boadilla del Monte km 5.3, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ramos-Solano
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Ctra. Boadilla del Monte km 5.3, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain.
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Rumyantsev SD, Veselova SV, Burkhanova GF, Alekseev VY, Maksimov IV. Bacillus subtilis 26D Triggers Induced Systemic Resistance against Rhopalosiphum padi L. by Regulating the Expression of Genes AGO, DCL and microRNA in Bread Spring Wheat. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2983. [PMID: 38138127 PMCID: PMC10745712 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis 26D is a plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria capable of inducing systemic resistance through the priming mechanism, which includes plant genome reprogramming and the phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi) and microRNA (miRNAs). The phloem-feeding insect bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. is a serious pest that causes significant damage to crops throughout the world. However, the function of plant miRNAs in the response to aphid infestation remains unclear. The results of this work showed that B. subtilis 26D stimulated aphid resistance in wheat plants, inducing the expression of genes of hormonal signaling pathways ICS, WRKY13, PR1, ACS, EIN3, PR3, and ABI5. In addition, B. subtilis 26D activated the RNAi mechanism and regulated the expression of nine conserved miRNAs through activation of the ethylene, salicylic acid (SA), and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways, which was demonstrated by using treatments with phytohormones. Treatment of plants with SA, ethylene, and ABA acted in a similar manner to B. subtilis 26D on induction of the expression of the AGO4, AGO5 and DCL2, DCL4 genes, as well as the expression of nine conserved miRNAs. Different patterns of miRNA expression were found in aphid-infested plants and in plants treated with B. subtilis 26D or SA, ethylene, and ABA and infested by aphids, suggesting that miRNAs play multiple roles in the plant response to phloem-feeding insects, associated with effects on hormonal signaling pathways, redox metabolism, and the synthesis of secondary metabolites. Our study provides new data to further elucidate the fine mechanisms of bacterial-induced priming. However, further extensive work is needed to fully unravel these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Svetlana V. Veselova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (S.D.R.); (G.F.B.); (V.Y.A.); (I.V.M.)
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Pratx L, Wendering P, Kappel C, Nikoloski Z, Bäurle I. Histone retention preserves epigenetic marks during heat stress-induced transcriptional memory in plants. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113595. [PMID: 37937667 PMCID: PMC10711655 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants often experience recurrent stressful events, for example, during heat waves. They can be primed by heat stress (HS) to improve the survival of more severe heat stress conditions. At certain genes, sustained expression is induced for several days beyond the initial heat stress. This transcriptional memory is associated with hyper-methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3), but it is unclear how this is maintained for extended periods. Here, we determined histone turnover by measuring the chromatin association of HS-induced histone H3.3. Genome-wide histone turnover was not homogenous; in particular, H3.3 was retained longer at heat stress memory genes compared to HS-induced non-memory genes during the memory phase. While low nucleosome turnover retained H3K4 methylation, methylation loss did not affect turnover, suggesting that low nucleosome turnover sustains H3K4 methylation, but not vice versa. Together, our results unveil the modulation of histone turnover as a mechanism to retain environmentally mediated epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Pratx
- Plant Epigenetics, Institute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Philipp Wendering
- Bioinformatics, Institute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Systems Biology and Mathematical Modeling GroupMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyPotsdamGermany
| | - Christian Kappel
- Genetics, Institute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Zoran Nikoloski
- Bioinformatics, Institute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Systems Biology and Mathematical Modeling GroupMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyPotsdamGermany
| | - Isabel Bäurle
- Plant Epigenetics, Institute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
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Rebaque D, López G, Sanz Y, Vilaplana F, Brunner F, Mélida H, Molina A. Subcritical water extraction of Equisetum arvense biomass withdraws cell wall fractions that trigger plant immune responses and disease resistance. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:401-414. [PMID: 37129736 PMCID: PMC10730674 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell walls are complex structures mainly made up of carbohydrate and phenolic polymers. In addition to their structural roles, cell walls function as external barriers against pathogens and are also reservoirs of glycan structures that can be perceived by plant receptors, activating Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI). Since these PTI-active glycans are usually released upon plant cell wall degradation, they are classified as Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs). Identification of DAMPs imply their extraction from plant cell walls by using multistep methodologies and hazardous chemicals. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) has been shown to be an environmentally sustainable alternative and a simplified methodology for the generation of glycan-enriched fractions from different cell wall sources, since it only involves the use of water. Starting from Equisetum arvense cell walls, we have explored two different SWE sequential extractions (isothermal at 160 ºC and using a ramp of temperature from 100 to 160 ºC) to obtain glycans-enriched fractions, and we have compared them with those generated with a standard chemical-based wall extraction. We obtained SWE fractions enriched in pectins that triggered PTI hallmarks in Arabidopsis thaliana such as calcium influxes, reactive oxygen species production, phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases and overexpression of immune-related genes. Notably, application of selected SWE fractions to pepper plants enhanced their disease resistance against the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. These data support the potential of SWE technology in extracting PTI-active fractions from plant cell wall biomass containing DAMPs and the use of SWE fractions in sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Rebaque
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Madrid, 28223, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaría y de Biosistemas, UPM, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- PlantResponse Inc, Centro de Empresas, Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223-Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Madrid, Spain
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gemma López
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- PlantResponse Inc, Centro de Empresas, Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223-Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frèderic Brunner
- PlantResponse Inc, Centro de Empresas, Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223-Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hugo Mélida
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Madrid, 28223, Spain.
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
| | - Antonio Molina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Madrid, 28223, Spain.
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaría y de Biosistemas, UPM, Madrid, 28040, Spain.
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Frackenpohl J, Abel SAG, Alnafta N, Barber DM, Bojack G, Brant NZ, Helmke H, Mattison RL. Inspired by Nature: Isostere Concepts in Plant Hormone Chemistry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18141-18168. [PMID: 37277148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemical concepts such as isosteres and scaffold hopping have proven to be powerful tools in agrochemical innovation processes. They offer opportunities to modify known molecular lead structures with the aim to improve a range of parameters, including biological efficacy and spectrum, physicochemical properties, stability, and toxicity. While recent biochemical insights into plant-specific receptors and signaling pathways trigger the discovery of the first lead structures, the disclosure of such a new chemical structure sparks a broad range of synthesis activities giving rise to diverse chemical innovation and often a considerable boost in biological activity. Herein, recent examples of isostere concepts in plant-hormone chemistry will be discussed, outlining how synthetic creativity can broaden the scope of natural product chemistry and giving rise to new opportunities in research fields such as abiotic stress tolerance and growth promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Frackenpohl
- Research and Development, Weed Control Chemistry, Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Steven A G Abel
- Research and Development, Weed Control Chemistry, Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Neanne Alnafta
- Research and Development, Weed Control Chemistry, Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David M Barber
- Research and Development, Weed Control Chemistry, Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Guido Bojack
- Research and Development, Weed Control Chemistry, Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nicola Z Brant
- Research and Development, Weed Control Chemistry, Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hendrik Helmke
- Research and Development, Weed Control Chemistry, Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rebecca L Mattison
- Research and Development, Weed Control Chemistry, Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Desmedt W, Ameye M, Filipe O, De Waele E, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Van Meulebroek L, Vanhaecke L, Kyndt T, Höfte M, Audenaert K. Molecular analysis of broad-spectrum induced resistance in rice by the green leaf volatile Z-3-hexenyl acetate. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6804-6819. [PMID: 37624920 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Green leaf volatiles (GLVs), volatile organic compounds released by plants upon tissue damage, are key signaling molecules in plant immunity. The ability of exogenous GLV application to trigger an induced resistance (IR) phenotype against arthropod pests has been widely reported, but its effectiveness against plant pathogens is less well understood. In this study, we combined mRNA sequencing-based transcriptomics and phytohormone measurements with multispectral imaging-based precision phenotyping to gain insights into the molecular basis of Z-3-hexenyl acetate-induced resistance (Z-3-HAC-IR) in rice. Furthermore, we evaluated the efficacy of Z-3-HAC-IR against a panel of economically significant rice pathogens: Pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, and Meloidogyne graminicola. Our data revealed rapid induction of jasmonate metabolism and systemic induction of plant immune responses upon Z-3-HAC exposure, as well as a transient allocation cost due to accelerated chlorophyll degradation and nutrient remobilization. Z-3-HAC-IR proved effective against all tested pathogens except for C. miyabeanus, including against the (hemi)biotrophs M. graminicola, X. oryzae pv. oryzae, and P. oryzae. The Z-3-HAC-IR phenotype was lost in the jasmonate (JA)-deficient hebiba mutant, which confirms the causal role of JA in Z-3-HAC-IR. Together, our results show that GLV exposure in rice induces broad-spectrum, JA-mediated disease resistance with limited allocation costs, and may thus be a promising alternative crop protection approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Desmedt
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Osvaldo Filipe
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien De Waele
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemse Steenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemse Steenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven Van Meulebroek
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Tina Kyndt
- Epigenetics and Defence Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Monica Höfte
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Audenaert
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Pandey P, Tripathi A, Dwivedi S, Lal K, Jhang T. Deciphering the mechanisms, hormonal signaling, and potential applications of endophytic microbes to mediate stress tolerance in medicinal plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1250020. [PMID: 38034581 PMCID: PMC10684941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1250020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The global healthcare market in the post-pandemic era emphasizes a constant pursuit of therapeutic, adaptogenic, and immune booster drugs. Medicinal plants are the only natural resource to meet this by supplying an array of bioactive secondary metabolites in an economic, greener and sustainable manner. Driven by the thrust in demand for natural immunity imparting nutraceutical and life-saving plant-derived drugs, the acreage for commercial cultivation of medicinal plants has dramatically increased in recent years. Limited resources of land and water, low productivity, poor soil fertility coupled with climate change, and biotic (bacteria, fungi, insects, viruses, nematodes) and abiotic (temperature, drought, salinity, waterlogging, and metal toxicity) stress necessitate medicinal plant productivity enhancement through sustainable strategies. Plants evolved intricate physiological (membrane integrity, organelle structural changes, osmotic adjustments, cell and tissue survival, reclamation, increased root-shoot ratio, antibiosis, hypersensitivity, etc.), biochemical (phytohormones synthesis, proline, protein levels, antioxidant enzymes accumulation, ion exclusion, generation of heat-shock proteins, synthesis of allelochemicals. etc.), and cellular (sensing of stress signals, signaling pathways, modulating expression of stress-responsive genes and proteins, etc.) mechanisms to combat stresses. Endophytes, colonizing in different plant tissues, synthesize novel bioactive compounds that medicinal plants can harness to mitigate environmental cues, thus making the agroecosystems self-sufficient toward green and sustainable approaches. Medicinal plants with a host set of metabolites and endophytes with another set of secondary metabolites interact in a highly complex manner involving adaptive mechanisms, including appropriate cellular responses triggered by stimuli received from the sensors situated on the cytoplasm and transmitting signals to the transcriptional machinery in the nucleus to withstand a stressful environment effectively. Signaling pathways serve as a crucial nexus for sensing stress and establishing plants' proper molecular and cellular responses. However, the underlying mechanisms and critical signaling pathways triggered by endophytic microbes are meager. This review comprehends the diversity of endophytes in medicinal plants and endophyte-mediated plant-microbe interactions for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in medicinal plants by understanding complex adaptive physiological mechanisms and signaling cascades involving defined molecular and cellular responses. Leveraging this knowledge, researchers can design specific microbial formulations that optimize plant health, increase nutrient uptake, boost crop yields, and support a resilient, sustainable agricultural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Pandey
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Arpita Tripathi
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Faculty of Education, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Shweta Dwivedi
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kanhaiya Lal
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Tripta Jhang
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
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Qian S, Ahmed A, He P, He P, Munir S, Xia M, Tang C, Tang P, Wang Z, Khan R, Li X, Wu Y, He Y. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AK-12 Helps Rapeseed Establish a Protection against Brevicoryne brassicae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15893. [PMID: 37958876 PMCID: PMC10648069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aphids are a serious threat to rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) production, and cause unmanageable loss. Therefore, effective prevention and management strategies are urgently required to avoid losses. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AK-12 isolated from a dead aphid with aphicidal activity was tagged with a green fluorescent protein through a natural transformation. The transformed strains were checked for stability and growth, and the best-performing strain was tested for its colonization inside and outside the rapeseed plant. The stability of AK-12-GFP reached more than 95%, and the growth curve was consistent with that of AK-12. After 30 days of treatment, the colonization of 1 × 106 CFU/g was recorded in rapeseed leaves. Interestingly, AK-12 reduced the aphid transmission rate compared with the control and improved the growth of the rapeseed seedlings. Meanwhile, the AK-12 strain also exhibited phosphorus, potassium-solubilizing, and nitrogen-fixing activity, and produced 2.61 µg/mL of IAA at 24 h. Regulation in the activity of four enzymes was detected after the AK-12 treatment. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) was recorded at a maximum of 86.84 U/g after 36 h, and catalase (CAT) decreased after 48 h; however, peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) reached the maximum within 12 h of AK-12 application. Additionally, important resistance genes related to these enzymes were upregulated, indicating the activation of a defense response in the rapeseed against aphids. In conclusion, defense enzymes and defense-related gene activation could improve the pest resistance in rapeseed, which has good application prospects for the future to be developed into biopesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Faculty of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ayesha Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Pengbo He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Pengfei He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shahzad Munir
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Mengyuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chaoyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ping Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zaiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Rizwan Khan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xingyu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Faculty of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yueqiu He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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Kaur T, Khanna K, Sharma S, Manhas RK. Mechanistic insights into the role of actinobacteria as potential biocontrol candidates against fungal phytopathogens. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:1196-1218. [PMID: 37208796 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide mounting demand for better food production to nurture exasperating population emphasizes on reduced crop losses. The incidence of pathogens into the agricultural fields has tend to dwindle plethora of cereal, vegetable, and other fodder crops. This, in turn, has seriously impacted the economic losses on global scale. Apart from this, it is quite challenging to feed the posterity in the coming decades. To counteract this problem, various agrochemicals have been commercialized in the market that no doubt shows positive results but along with adversely affecting the ecosystem. Therefore, the excessive ill-fated use of agrochemicals to combat the plant pests and diseases highlights that alternatives to chemical pesticides are need of the hour. In recent days, management of plant diseases using plant-beneficial microbes is gaining interest as safer and potent alternatives to replace chemically based pesticides. Among these beneficial microbes, actinobacteria especially streptomycetes play considerable role in combating plant diseases along with promoting the plant growth and development along with their productivity and yield. The mechanisms exhibited by actinobacteria include antibiosis (antimicrobial compounds and hydrolytic enzymes), mycoparasitism, nutrient competition, and induction of resistance in plants. Thus, in cognizance with potential of actinobacteria as potent biocontrol agents, this review summarizes role of actinobacteria and the multifarious mechanisms exhibited by actinobacteria for commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talwinder Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Sonika Sharma
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh K Manhas
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Meijer A, Atighi MR, Demeestere K, De Meyer T, Vandepoele K, Kyndt T. Dicer-like 3a mediates intergenerational resistance against root-knot nematodes in rice via hormone responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2071-2085. [PMID: 37052181 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In a continuously changing and challenging environment, passing down the memory of encountered stress factors to offspring could provide an evolutionary advantage. In this study, we demonstrate the existence of "intergenerational acquired resistance" in the progeny of rice (Oryza sativa) plants attacked by the belowground parasitic nematode Meloidogyne graminicola. Transcriptome analyses revealed that genes involved in defense pathways are generally downregulated in progeny of nematode-infected plants under uninfected conditions but show a stronger induction upon nematode infection. This phenomenon was termed "spring loading" and depends on initial downregulation by the 24-nucleotide (nt) siRNA biogenesis gene dicer-like 3a (dcl3a) involved in the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway. Knockdown of dcl3a led to increased nematode susceptibility and abolished intergenerational acquired resistance, as well as jasmonic acid/ethylene spring loading in the offspring of infected plants. The importance of ethylene signaling in intergenerational resistance was confirmed by experiments on a knockdown line of ethylene insensitive 2 (ein2b), which lacks intergenerational acquired resistance. Taken together, these data indicate a role for DCL3a in regulating plant defense pathways during both within-generation and intergenerational resistance against nematodes in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Meijer
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Reza Atighi
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-336 Tehran, Iran
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Research group EnVOC, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Tim De Meyer
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Klaas Vandepoele
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Tina Kyndt
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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Rehman S, Ahmad Z, Ramakrishnan M, Kalendar R, Zhuge Q. Regulation of plant epigenetic memory in response to cold and heat stress: towards climate resilient agriculture. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:298. [PMID: 37700098 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved to adapt and grow in hot and cold climatic conditions. Some also adapt to daily and seasonal temperature changes. Epigenetic modifications play an important role in regulating plant tolerance under such conditions. DNA methylation and post-translational modifications of histone proteins influence gene expression during plant developmental stages and under stress conditions, including cold and heat stress. While short-term modifications are common, some modifications may persist and result in stress memory that can be inherited by subsequent generations. Understanding the mechanisms of epigenomes responding to stress and the factors that trigger stress memory is crucial for developing climate-resilient agriculture, but such an integrated view is currently limited. This review focuses on the plant epigenetic stress memory during cold and heat stress. It also discusses the potential of machine learning to modify stress memory through epigenetics to develop climate-resilient crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsur Rehman
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Zishan Ahmad
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Ruslan Kalendar
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, Biocenter 3, Viikinkaari 1, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
| | - Qiang Zhuge
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China.
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Zhao M, Lin Z, Zheng Z, Yao D, Yang S, Zhao Y, Chen X, Aweya JJ, Zhang Y. The mechanisms and factors that induce trained immunity in arthropods and mollusks. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1241934. [PMID: 37744346 PMCID: PMC10513178 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides dividing the organism's immune system into adaptive and innate immunity, it has long been thought that only adaptive immunity can establish immune memory. However, many studies have shown that innate immunity can also build immunological memory through epigenetic reprogramming and modifications to resist pathogens' reinfection, known as trained immunity. This paper reviews the role of mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic modifications and describes the molecular foundation in the trained immunity of arthropods and mollusks. Mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic modifications complement each other and play a key role in trained immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zhongyang Lin
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Shen Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
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48
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Hamany Djande CY, Tugizimana F, Steenkamp PA, Piater LA, Dubery IA. Metabolomic Reconfiguration in Primed Barley ( Hordeum vulgare) Plants in Response to Pyrenophora teres f. teres Infection. Metabolites 2023; 13:997. [PMID: 37755277 PMCID: PMC10537252 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13090997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotrophic fungi affect a wide range of plants and cause significant crop losses. For the activation of multi-layered innate immune defences, plants can be primed or pre-conditioned to rapidly and more efficiently counteract this pathogen. Untargeted and targeted metabolomics analyses were applied to elucidate the biochemical processes involved in the response of 3,5-dichloroanthranilic acid (3,5-DCAA) primed barley plants to Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt). A susceptible barley cultivar ('Hessekwa') at the third leaf growth stage was treated with 3,5-DCAA 24 h prior to infection using a Ptt conidia suspension. The infection was monitored over 2, 4, and 6 days post-inoculation. For untargeted studies, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) was used to analyse methanolic plant extracts. Acquired data were processed to generate the data matrices utilised in chemometric modelling and multi-dimensional data mining. For targeted studies, selected metabolites from the amino acids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids classes were quantified using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry. 3,5-DCAA was effective as a priming agent in delaying the onset and intensity of symptoms but could not prevent the progression of the disease. Unsupervised learning methods revealed clear differences between the sample extracts from the control plants and the infected plants. Both orthogonal projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and 'shared and unique structures' (SUS) plots allowed for the extraction of potential markers of the primed and naïve plant responses to Ptt. These include classes of organic acids, fatty acids, amino acids, phenolic acids, and derivatives and flavonoids. Among these, 5-oxo-proline and citric acid were notable as priming response-related metabolites. Metabolites from the tricarboxylic acid pathway were only discriminant in the primed plant infected with Ptt. Furthermore, the quantification of targeted metabolites revealed that hydroxycinnamic acids were significantly more prominent in the primed infected plants, especially at 2 d.p.i. Our research advances efforts to better understand regulated and reprogrammed metabolic responses that constitute defence priming in barley against Ptt.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ian A. Dubery
- Research Centre for Plant Metabolomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (C.Y.H.D.); (F.T.); (P.A.S.); (L.A.P.)
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49
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Vogel D, Hills P, Moore JP. Strigolactones GR-24 and Nijmegen Applications Result in Reduced Susceptibility of Tobacco and Grapevine Plantlets to Botrytis cinerea Infection. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3202. [PMID: 37765366 PMCID: PMC10535315 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Priming agents are plant defence-inducing compounds which can prompt a state of protection but may also aid in plant growth and interactions with beneficial microbes. The synthetic strigolactones (±)-GR24 and Nijmegen-1 were evaluated as potential priming agents for induced resistance against Botrytis cinerea in tobacco and grapevine plants. The growth and stress response profiles of B. cinerea to strigolactones were also investigated. Soil drench treatment with strigolactones induced resistance in greenhouse-grown tobacco plants and restricted lesion development. The mode of action appeared to function by priming redox-associated compounds to produce an anti-oxidant protective response for limiting the infection. The results obtained in the in vitro assays mirrored that of the greenhouse-grown plants. Exposure of B. cinerea to the strigolactones resulted in increased hyphal branching, with (±)-GR24 stimulating a stronger effect than Nijmegen-1 by affecting colony diameter and radial growth. An oxidative stress response was observed, with B. cinerea exhibiting increased ROS and SOD levels when grown with strigolactones. This study identified the application of strigolactones as potential priming agents to induce disease resistance in both tobacco and grapevine plants. In addition, strigolactones may alter the ROS homeostasis of B. cinerea, resulting in both morphological and physiological changes, thereby reducing virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Vogel
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Paul Hills
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - John P Moore
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
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50
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Totsline N, Kniel KE, Bais HP. Microgravity and evasion of plant innate immunity by human bacterial pathogens. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:71. [PMID: 37679341 PMCID: PMC10485020 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight microgravity and modeled-microgravity analogs (MMA) broadly alter gene expression and physiology in both pathogens and plants. Research elucidating plant and bacterial responses to normal gravity or microgravity has shown the involvement of both physiological and molecular mechanisms. Under true and simulated microgravity, plants display differential expression of pathogen-defense genes while human bacterial pathogens exhibit increased virulence, antibiotic resistance, stress tolerance, and reduced LD50 in animal hosts. Human bacterial pathogens including Salmonella enterica and E. coli act as cross-kingdom foodborne pathogens by evading and suppressing the innate immunity of plants for colonization of intracellular spaces. It is unknown if evasion and colonization of plants by human pathogens occurs under microgravity and if there is increased infection capability as demonstrated using animal hosts. Understanding the relationship between microgravity, plant immunity, and human pathogens could prevent potentially deadly outbreaks of foodborne disease during spaceflight. This review will summarize (1) alterations to the virulency of human pathogens under microgravity and MMA, (2) alterations to plant physiology and gene expression under microgravity and MMA, (3) suppression and evasion of plant immunity by human pathogens under normal gravity, (4) studies of plant-microbe interactions under microgravity and MMA. A conclusion suggests future study of interactions between plants and human pathogens under microgravity is beneficial to human safety, and an investment in humanity's long and short-term space travel goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Totsline
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, AP Biopharma, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
| | - Kalmia E Kniel
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Harsh P Bais
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, AP Biopharma, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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