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Nguyen DHD, Tan AJH, Lee R, Lim WF, Wong JY, Suhaimi F. Monitoring of plant diseases caused by Fusarium commune and Rhizoctonia solani in bok choy using hyperspectral remote sensing and machine learning. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39291711 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local vegetable production is susceptible to various fungal pathogens, the most common and lethal of which are Fusarium commune and Rhizoctonia solani. Early detection of these pathogens is challenging, and by the time visual symptoms appear, the pathogens may have already spread extensively, causing massive damage to the production. In this study, we explored the use of hyperspectral data for early detection of diseases caused by F. commune or R. solani in bok choy Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis by collecting hyperspectral data from healthy plants and plants inoculated with either fungal pathogen in a controlled experimental set-up. RESULTS Based on the collected data, we employed various tree-based, distribution-based, geometric, neural networks and ensemble learning algorithms to train detection models. Among the trained models, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) models performed the best with overall accuracy reaching 95.9 ± 0.26%. MLP models could differentiate between healthy and infected plants with 99% precision after 1 day of infection, and distinguish between different fungal pathogens with 99% precision after 2 days. During this period, no visible symptoms of fungal infection could be observed. Further analysis into trained MLP models and general reflectance profiles of plants also revealed a high correlation of the spectral regions 445-460, 560-595, 606-620 and 719-728 nm with fungal infection in bok choy plants. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the potential of hyperspectral imaging as a highly precise early detection tool for fungal diseases in plants. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Hoang Danh Nguyen
- Plant Science and Health Branch, Horticulture and Community Division, National Parks Board, Singapore
| | - Arinah Jing Hui Tan
- Plant Science and Health Branch, Horticulture and Community Division, National Parks Board, Singapore
| | - Ronjin Lee
- Plant Science and Health Branch, Horticulture and Community Division, National Parks Board, Singapore
| | - Wei Feng Lim
- Plant Science and Health Branch, Horticulture and Community Division, National Parks Board, Singapore
| | - Jia Yih Wong
- Plant Science and Health Branch, Horticulture and Community Division, National Parks Board, Singapore
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Ren J, Cao T, Zang X, Liu J, Yang D. Antifungal mechanisms and characteristics of Pseudomonas fluorescens: Promoting peanut growth and combating Fusarium oxysporum-induced root rot. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 216:109092. [PMID: 39241626 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Continuous cropping of peanuts presents significant challenges to sustainable production due to soil-borne diseases like root rot caused by Fusarium species. In this study, field inoculation experiments treatments and in vitro agar plate confrontation tests were conducted, including non-inoculated controls (CK), inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF), Fusarium oxysporum (FO), and co-inoculation with both (PF + FO). The aim was to explore the antifungal mechanisms of Pseudomonas fluorescens in mitigating root rot and enhancing peanut yield. The results indicated that PF and PF + FO significantly enhanced peanut root activity, as well as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase activities, while simultaneously decreasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde contents, compared to FO treatment. Additionally, PF treatment notably increased lignin content through enhanced phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamate 3-hydroxylase, and peroxidase activity compared to CK and FO treatment. Moreover, PF treatment resulted in longer roots and a higher average diameter and surface area, potentially due to increased endogenous levels of auxin and zeatin riboside, coupled with decreased abscisic acid content. PF treatment significantly elevated chlorophyll content and the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII in the light-adapted state, the actual photochemical efficiency and the proportion of PSII reaction centers open, leading to improved photosynthetic performance. Confrontation culture assays revealed PF's notable inhibitory effects on Fusarium oxysporum growth, subsequently reducing rot disease incidence in the field. Ultimately, PF treatment led to increased peanut yield by enhancing plant numbers and pod weight compared to FO treatment, indicating its potential in mitigating Fusarium oxysporum-induced root rot disease under continuous cropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Ren
- Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Tianxiao Cao
- Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zang
- Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Dongqing Yang
- Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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Yang W, Tang S, Xu R, Zhang L, Zhou Z, Yang Y, Li Y, Xiang H. LC-MS based metabolomics identification of natural metabolites against Fusarium oxysporum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1435963. [PMID: 39290733 PMCID: PMC11405212 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1435963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium is a soil-borne pathogen that poses a serious threat to the quality and yield of hundreds of crops worldwide, particularly tobacco production. Using metabolomics technology, we investigated natural metabolites from disease-conducting soil (DCS) and disease-suppressing soil (DSS) of tobacco rhizosphere as fungicides to control tobacco Fusarium wilt (TFW), which is mainly caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Furthermore, the antifungal mechanisms of these natural metabolites were preliminarily elucidated through various assessments, including antifungal activity determination, chemotaxis effect tests, PI staining experiments, and measurements of extracellular conductivity and protein content. Metabolomics results showed that the DCS with three different disease grades (G1, G5 and G9 groups) had significantly higher levels of 15, 14 and 233 differential rhizosphere metabolites (DRMs) and significantly lower levels of 72, 152 and 170 DRMs compared to the DSS (G0 group). According to KEGG pathway analysis, these DRMs were found to be enriched in the caffeine metabolism, biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, galactose metabolism and tyrosine metabolism, etc. Linustatin, scopoletin and phenylpropiolic acid were picked out from these DRMs and found to have suppressive activity against F. oxysporum through correlation analysis and antifungal experiments. The three DRMs showed strong inhibitory effects on the growth and spore germination of F. oxysporum at concentrations of 0.5 mM or higher in each test period. Furthermore, F. oxysporum showed a phobotaxis effect against these three DRMs at concentrations as low as 0.25 mM. Finally, we found that the three DRMs had an inhibitory effect on F. oxysporum by destroying the integrity of the cell membrane and increasing the membrane permeability of F. oxysporum. This study firstly reports the inhibition activity of phenylpropiolic acid and linustatin on F. oxysporum, providing a practical and environmentally friendly method for biocontrol of TFW by using natural fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sidi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rubing Xu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Haibo Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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Srivastava V, Patra K, Pai H, Aguilar-Pontes MV, Berasategui A, Kamble A, Di Pietro A, Redkar A. Molecular Dialogue During Host Manipulation by the Vascular Wilt Fungus Fusarium oxysporum. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 62:97-126. [PMID: 38885471 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-021722-034823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Vascular wilt fungi are a group of hemibiotrophic phytopathogens that infect diverse crop plants. These pathogens have adapted to thrive in the nutrient-deprived niche of the plant xylem. Identification and functional characterization of effectors and their role in the establishment of compatibility across multiple hosts, suppression of plant defense, host reprogramming, and interaction with surrounding microbes have been studied mainly in model vascular wilt pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae. Comparative analysis of genomes from fungal isolates has accelerated our understanding of genome compartmentalization and its role in effector evolution. Also, advances in recent years have shed light on the cross talk of root-infecting fungi across multiple scales from the cellular to the ecosystem level, covering their interaction with the plant microbiome as well as their interkingdom signaling. This review elaborates on our current understanding of the cross talk between vascular wilt fungi and the host plant, which eventually leads to a specialized lifestyle in the xylem. We particularly focus on recent findings in F. oxysporum, including multihost associations, and how they have contributed to understanding the biology of fungal adaptation to the xylem. In addition, we discuss emerging research areas and highlight open questions and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidha Srivastava
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (NCBS-TIFR), Bengaluru, India;
| | - Kuntal Patra
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (NCBS-TIFR), Bengaluru, India;
| | - Hsuan Pai
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aileen Berasategui
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Avinash Kamble
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | | | - Amey Redkar
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (NCBS-TIFR), Bengaluru, India;
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Liu X, Li T, Cui X, Tao R, Gao Z. Antifungal mechanism of nanosilver biosynthesized with Trichoderma longibrachiatum and its potential to control muskmelon Fusarium wilt. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20242. [PMID: 39215137 PMCID: PMC11364820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71282-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum (Schl.) f.sp. melonis, which causes muskmelon wilt disease, is a destructive filamentous fungal pathogen, attracting more attention to the search for effective fungicides against this pathogen. In particular, Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have strong antimicrobial properties and they are not easy to develop drug resistance, which provides new ideas for the prevention and control of muskmelon Fusarium wilt (MFW). This paper studied the effects of AgNPs on the growth and development of muskmelon, the control efficacy on Fusarium wilt of muskmelon and the antifungal mechanism of AgNPs to F. oxysporum. The results showed that AgNPs could inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum on the PDA and in the PDB medium at 100-200 mg/L and the low concentration of 25 mg/L AgNPs could promote the seed germination and growth of muskmelon seedlings and reduce the incidence of muskmelon Fusarium wilt. Further studies on the antifungal mechanism showed that AgNPs could impair the development, damage cell structure, and interrupt cellular metabolism pathways of this fungus. TEM observation revealed that AgNPs treatment led to damage to the cell wall and membrane and accumulation of vacuoles and vessels, causing the leakage of intracellular contents. AgNPs treatment significantly hampered the growth of mycelia in the PDB medium, even causing a decrease in biomass. Biochemical properties showed that AgNPs treatment stimulated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in 6 h, subsequently producing malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing protective enzyme activity. After 6 h, the protective enzyme activity decreased. These results indicated that AgNPs destroy the cell structure and affect the metabolisms, eventually leading to the death of fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liu
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaohui Cui
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ran Tao
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zenggui Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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6
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Wang H, Yao G, Chen W, Ayhan DH, Wang X, Sun J, Yi S, Meng T, Chen S, Geng X, Meng D, Zhang L, Guo L. A gap-free genome assembly of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, a vascular wilt pathogen. Sci Data 2024; 11:925. [PMID: 39191793 PMCID: PMC11349993 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03763-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is an asexual filamentous fungus that causes vascular wilt in hundreds of crop plants and poses a threat to public health through Fusariosis. F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans strain Fo5176, originally isolated from Brassica oleracea, is pathogenic to Arabidopsis, making it a model pathosystem for dissecting the molecular mechanisms underlying host-pathogen interactions. Assembling the F. oxysporum genome is notoriously challenging due to the presence of repeat-rich accessory chromosomes. Here, we report a gap-free genome assembly of Fo5176 using PacBio HiFi and Hi-C data. The 69.56 Mb assembly contained 18 complete chromosomes, including all centromeres and most telomeres (20/36), representing the first gap-free genome sequence of a pathogenic F. oxysporum strain. In total, 21,460 protein-coding genes were annotated, a 26.3% increase compared to the most recent assembly. This high-quality reference genome for F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans Fo5176 provides a valuable resource for further research into fungal pathobiology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Gang Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Grass-Based Livestock Husbandry, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Weikai Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Dilay Hazal Ayhan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Xiangfeng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Shu Yi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Tan Meng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Shaoying Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Xin Geng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Dian Meng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China.
- Weifang Institute of Technology, College of Modern Agriculture and Environment, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, China.
| | - Li Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China.
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Manathunga KK, Gunasekara NW, Meegahakumbura MK, Ratnaweera PB, Faraj TK, Wanasinghe DN. Exploring Endophytic Fungi as Natural Antagonists against Fungal Pathogens of Food Crops. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:606. [PMID: 39330366 PMCID: PMC11433156 DOI: 10.3390/jof10090606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The yield and quality of cultivated food crops are frequently compromised by the prevalent threat from fungal pathogens that can cause widespread damage in both the pre-harvest and post-harvest stages. This paper investigates the challenges posed by fungal pathogens to the sustainability and yield of essential food crops, leading to significant economic and food security repercussions. The paper critiques the long-standing reliance on synthetic fungicides, emphasizing the environmental and health concerns arising from their widespread and occasionally inappropriate use. In response, the paper explores the potential of biological control agents, specifically endophytic fungi in advancing sustainable agricultural practices. Through their diverse symbiotic relationships with host plants, these fungi exhibit strong antagonistic capabilities against phytopathogenic fungi by producing various bioactive compounds and promoting plant growth. The review elaborates on the direct and indirect mechanisms of endophytic antagonism, such as antibiosis, mycoparasitism, induction of host resistance, and competition for resources, which collectively contribute to inhibiting pathogenic fungal growth. This paper consolidates the crucial role of endophytic fungi, i.e., Acremonium, Alternaria, Arthrinium, Aspergillus, Botryosphaeria, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Cevidencealdinia, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Gliocladium, Muscodor, Nigrospora, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Phomopsis, Pichia, Pochonia, Pythium, Ramichloridium, Rosellinia, Talaromyces, Trichoderma, Verticillium, Wickerhamomyces, and Xylaria, in biological control, supported by the evidence drawn from more than 200 research publications. The paper pays particular attention to Muscodor, Penicillium, and Trichoderma as prominent antagonists. It also emphasizes the need for future genetic-level research to enhance the application of endophytes in biocontrol strategies aiming to highlight the importance of endophytic fungi in facilitating the transition towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumudu K. Manathunga
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka; (K.K.M.); (P.B.R.)
| | - Niranjan W. Gunasekara
- Department of Export Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka;
| | - Muditha K. Meegahakumbura
- Department of Export Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka;
| | - Pamoda B. Ratnaweera
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka; (K.K.M.); (P.B.R.)
| | - Turki Kh. Faraj
- Department of Soil Science, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 145111, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe
- Department of Soil Science, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 145111, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia;
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China
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Gu G, Wang L, Lai D, Hou X, Pan X, Amuzu P, Jakada MA, Xu D, Li C, Zhou L. Phytotoxic Isocassadiene-Type Diterpenoids from Tomato Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18478-18488. [PMID: 39106342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium crown and root rot (FCRR) has emerged as a highly destructive soil-borne disease, posing a significant threat to the safe cultivation of tomatoes in recent years. The pathogen of tomato FCRR is Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (Forl). To explore potential phytotoxins from Forl, eight undescribed diterpenoids namely fusariumic acids A-H (1-8) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by using spectroscopic data analyses, quantum chemical calculations, and X-ray crystallography. Fusariumic acids A (1) and C-H (3-8) were typical isocassadiene-type diterpenoids, while fusariumic acid B (2) contained a cage-like structure with an unusual 7,8-seco-isocassadiene skeleton. A biosynthetic pathway of 2 was proposed. Fusariumic acids A (1) and C-H (3-8) were further assessed for their phytotoxic effects on tomato seedlings at 200 μg/mL. Among them, fusariumic acid F (6) exhibited the strongest inhibition against the hypocotyl and root elongation of tomato seedlings, with inhibitory rates of 61.3 and 45.3%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Gu
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Daowan Lai
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuwen Hou
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Pan
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Prosper Amuzu
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Abubakar Jakada
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyou Li
- Taishan Academy of Tomato Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Ligang Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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9
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Eberly JO, Hurd A, Oli D, Dyer AT, Seipel TF, Carr PM. Compositional profiling of the rhizosphere microbiome of Canada thistle reveals consistent patterns across the United States northern Great Plains. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18016. [PMID: 39097653 PMCID: PMC11298000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69082-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Canada thistle is a pervasive perennial weed, causing challenges to agricultural and natural ecosystems globally. Although research has focused on the phenology, genetics, and control of Canada thistle, little is known about the rhizosphere microbiome and the role plant-microbe interactions play in invasion success. This study investigated the rhizosphere microbiome of Canada thistle across diverse climates, soils, and crops in the U.S. northern Great Plains. Soil and rhizosphere samples were collected and bacterial 16S and fungal ITS2 sequencing were performed to characterize the core microbiome and identify potential factors contributing to invasion success. Amplicon sequencing revealed a stable core microbiome that was detected in the Canada thistle rhizosphere across all locations. The core microbiome was dominated by the bacterial phyla Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria and fungal phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Differential abundance analysis showed rhizosphere fungal communities were enriched in pathogen-containing genera with a 1.7-fold greater abundance of Fusaria and a 2.6-fold greater abundance of Gibberella compared to bulk soil. Predictive functional profiling showed rhizosphere communities were enriched (p < 0.05, FDR corrected) in plant pathogen fungal guilds which represented 19% of the fungal community. The rhizosphere microbiome was similar in composition across environments, highlighting the stable association between Canada thistle and specific microbial taxa. This study characterized the core microbiome of Canada thistle, and the findings highlight plant-microbe interactions shaping invasive behavior. These findings are important for understanding the ecological impacts of plant invasion and soil-microbe ecological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed O Eberly
- Central Agricultural Research Center, Montana State University, Moccasin, MT, USA.
| | - Asa Hurd
- Central Agricultural Research Center, Montana State University, Moccasin, MT, USA
| | - Dipiza Oli
- Department of Plant Science and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Alan T Dyer
- Department of Plant Science and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Tim F Seipel
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Science, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Patrick M Carr
- Central Agricultural Research Center, Montana State University, Moccasin, MT, USA
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Guo X, Li R, Ding Y, Mo F, Hu K, Ou M, Jiang D, Li M. Visualization of the Infection and Colonization Process of Dendrobium officinale Using a Green Fluorescent Protein-Tagged Isolate of Fusarium oxysporum. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1791-1801. [PMID: 38809697 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-23-0495-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale soft rot is a widespread and destructive disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum that can seriously affect yield and quality. To better understand the fungal infection and colonization, we successfully created an F. oxysporum labeled with green fluorescent protein using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method. Transformants had varying fluorescence intensities, but their pathogenicity did not differ from that of the wild type. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that F. oxysporum primarily entered the aboveground portion of D. officinale through the leaf margin, stomata, or by direct penetration of the leaf surface. It then colonized the mesophyll and spread along its vascular bundles. D. officinale exhibited typical symptoms of decay and wilting at 14 days postinoculation, accompanied by a pronounced fluorescence signal in the affected area. The initial colonization of F. oxysporum in the subterranean region primarily involved attachment to the root hair and epidermis, which progressed to the medullary vascular bundle. At 14 days postinoculation, the root vascular bundles of D. officinale exhibited significant colonization by F. oxysporum. Macroconidia were also observed in black rot D. officinale tissue. In particular, the entire root was surrounded by a significant number of chlamydospore-producing F. oxysporum mycelia at 28 days postinoculation. This approach allowed for the visualization of the complete infection process of F. oxysporum and provided a theoretical foundation for the development of field control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Guo
- Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Rongyu Li
- Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Feixu Mo
- Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Minggui Ou
- Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Diao Jiang
- Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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11
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Chaimovitsh D, Kahane-Achinoam T, Nuriel O, Meller Harel Y, Silverman D, Nitzan N, Frenkel O, Gonda I. Fusarium Wilt of Coriander: Root Cause Analysis and Varietal Tolerance Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2135. [PMID: 39124253 PMCID: PMC11313830 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Since 2012, growers of coriander, Coriandrum sativum L., in Israel have been suffering from summer wilting that can result in entire fields collapsing. The current study aimed to determine the cause of the phenomenon and find a genetic solution to the problem. The disease was reproduced in a growth chamber using naturally-infested soil from a commercial field. Wilt became apparent within two weeks, and after ten weeks, all plants died compared to plants in sterilized soil from the same source. Fusarium oxysporum was isolated from infected plants, and Koch's postulates were completed. Sequence analysis of the Elongation Factor (EF1α) encoding gene of the pathogen had a 99.54% match to F. oxysporum f. sp. coriandrii. Several coriander varieties were screened for resistance or tolerance to the disease. In four independent experiments, only the cultivar 'Smadi' showed high tolerance, while other genotypes were susceptible. In a trial in a naturally infested field, the cultivar 'Smadi' outperformed the commercial cultivar 'Blair'. 'Smadi' provides a cropping solution to many Israeli farmers, yet this winter cultivar bolts early in the summer. There is a further need to characterize the tolerance mechanism and inheritance for informed breeding of late-bolting Fusarium-resistant coriander.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chaimovitsh
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Volcani Institute, Ramat-Yishay 30095, Israel; (D.C.); (T.K.-A.)
| | - Tali Kahane-Achinoam
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Volcani Institute, Ramat-Yishay 30095, Israel; (D.C.); (T.K.-A.)
| | - Ohad Nuriel
- Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (O.N.); (O.F.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Yael Meller Harel
- Plant Protection and Inspection Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel;
| | - David Silverman
- Extension Service, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel;
| | - Nadav Nitzan
- Valley of Springs Research & Extension Center, Beit She’an 11710, Israel;
| | - Omer Frenkel
- Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (O.N.); (O.F.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Itay Gonda
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Volcani Institute, Ramat-Yishay 30095, Israel; (D.C.); (T.K.-A.)
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12
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Li C, Wang L, Tong C, Li H, Qin Z, Zeng X, Chang Y, Li M, Yang Q. Molecular Insights into the Defense of Dioscorea opposita Cultivar Tiegun Callus Against Pathogenic and Endophytic Fungal Infection Through Transcriptome Analysis. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1893-1903. [PMID: 38810265 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-24-0125-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Dioscorea opposita cultivar Tiegun is an economically important crop with high nutritional and medicinal value. Plants can activate complex and diverse defense mechanisms after infection by pathogenic fungi. Moreover, endophytic fungi can also trigger the plant immune system to resist pathogen invasion. However, the study of the effects of endophytic fungi on plant infection lags far behind that of pathogenic fungi, and the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, the black spot pathogen Alternaria alternata and the endophytic fungus Penicillium halotolerans of Tiegun were identified and used to infect calli. The results showed that A. alternata could cause more severe membrane lipid peroxidation, whereas P. halotolerans could rapidly increase the activity of the plant antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase; thus, the degree of damage to the callus caused by P. halotolerans was weaker than that caused by A. alternata. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that various plant defense pathways, such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, play important roles in triggering the plant immune response during fungal infection. Furthermore, the tryptophan metabolism, betalain biosynthesis, fatty acid degradation, flavonoid biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism, and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis pathways may accelerate the infection of pathogenic fungi, and the ribosome biogenesis pathway in eukaryotes may retard the damage caused by endophytic fungi. This study lays a foundation for exploring the infection mechanism of yam pathogens and endophytic fungi and provides insight for effective fungal disease control in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochuang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Lanning Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Chenwei Tong
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Haibing Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhao Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiangpeng Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yingying Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Nursing and Utilization of Genuine Chinese Crude Drugs of Henan Province/Engineering Laboratory of Green Medicinal Material Biotechnology of Henan Province, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Qingxiang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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13
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Yang W, Zhang Z, Yuan T, Li Y, Zhao Q, Dong Y. Intercropping improves faba bean photosynthesis and reduces disease caused by Fusarium commune and cinnamic acid-induced stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:650. [PMID: 38977959 PMCID: PMC11232231 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Modern intensive cropping systems often contribute to the accumulation of phenolic acids in the soil, which promotes the development of soilborne diseases. This can be suppressed by intercropping. This study analyzed the effects of intercropping on Fusarium wilt based on its effect on photosynthesis under stress by the combination of Fusarium commune and cinnamic acid. The control was not inoculated with F. commune, while the faba bean plants (Vicia faba L.) were inoculated with this pathogen in the other treatments. The infected plants were also treated with cinnamic acid. This study examined the development of Fusarium wilt together with its effects on the leaves, absorption of nutrients, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, contents of photosynthetic pigments, activities of photosynthetic enzymes, gas exchange parameters, and the photosynthetic assimilates of faba bean from monocropping and intercropping systems. Under monocropping conditions, the leaves of the plants inoculated with F. commune grew significantly less, and there was enhanced occurrence of the Fusarium wilt compared with the control. Compared with the plants solely inoculated with F. commune, the exogenous addition of cinnamic acid to the infected plants significantly further reduced the growth of faba bean leaves and increased the occurrence of Fusarium wilt. A comparison of the combination of F. commune and cinnamic acid in intercropped wheat and faba bean compared with monocropping showed that intercropping improved the absorption of nutrients, increased photosynthetic pigments and its contents, electron transport, photosynthetic enzymes, and photosynthetic assimilates. The combination of these factors reduced the occurrence of Fusarium wilt in faba bean and increased the growth of its leaves. These results showed that intercropping improved the photosynthesis, which promoted the growth of faba bean, thus, reducing the development of Fusarium wilt following the stress of infection by F. commune and cinnamic acid. This research should provide more information to enhance sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452 Fengyuan, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452 Fengyuan, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Tingting Yuan
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452 Fengyuan, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452 Fengyuan, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452 Fengyuan, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yan Dong
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452 Fengyuan, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
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14
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Hadian S, Smith DL, Kopriva S, Norkevičienė E, Supronienė S. Exploring Endophytic Bacteria from Artemisia spp. and Beneficial Traits on Pea Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1684. [PMID: 38931116 PMCID: PMC11207345 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic microorganisms represent promising solutions to environmental challenges inherent in conventional agricultural practices. This study concentrates on the identification of endophytic bacteria isolated from the root, stem, and leaf tissues of four Artemisia plant species. Sixty-one strains were isolated and sequenced by 16S rDNA. Sequencing revealed diverse genera among the isolated bacteria from different Artemisia species, including Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Lysinibacillus. AR11 and VR24 obtained from the roots of A. absinthium and A. vulgaris demonstrated significant inhibition on Fusarium c.f. oxysporum mycelial growth. In addition, AR11, AR32, and CR25 exhibited significant activity in phosphatase solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and indole production, highlighting their potential to facilitate plant growth. A comparative analysis of Artemisia species showed that root isolates from A. absinthium, A. campestris, and A. vulgaris have beneficial properties for inhibiting pathogen growth and enhancing plant growth. AR11 with 100% similarity to Bacillus thuringiensis, could be considered a promising candidate for further investigation as microbial biofertilizers. This finding highlights their potential as environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides, thereby contributing to sustainable crop protection practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Hadian
- Microbiology Laboratory, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture, Instituto Ave. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania;
| | - Donald L. Smith
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | | | - Eglė Norkevičienė
- Department of Grass Breeding, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture, Instituto Ave. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania;
| | - Skaidrė Supronienė
- Microbiology Laboratory, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture, Instituto Ave. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania;
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15
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Logachev A, Kanapin A, Rozhmina T, Stanin V, Bankin M, Samsonova A, Orlova E, Samsonova M. Pangenomics of flax fungal parasite Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1383914. [PMID: 38872883 PMCID: PMC11169931 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1383914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
To assess the genomic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini strains and compile a comprehensive gene repertoire, we constructed a pangenome using 13 isolates from four different clonal lineages, each exhibiting distinct levels of virulence. Syntenic analyses of two selected genomes revealed significant chromosomal rearrangements unique to each genome. A comprehensive examination of both core and accessory pangenome content and diversity points at an open genome state. Additionally, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that non-core pangenome genes are associated with pathogen recognition and immune signaling. Furthermore, the Folini pansecterome, encompassing secreted proteins critical for fungal pathogenicity, primarily consists of three functional classes: effector proteins, CAZYmes, and proteases. These three classes account for approximately 3.5% of the pangenome. Each functional class within the pansecterome was meticulously annotated and characterized with respect to pangenome category distribution, PFAM domain frequency, and strain virulence assessment. This analysis revealed that highly virulent isolates have specific types of PFAM domains that are exclusive to them. Upon examining the repertoire of SIX genes known for virulence in other formae speciales, it was found that all isolates had a similar gene content except for two, which lacked SIX genes entirely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Logachev
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Kanapin
- Center for Computational Biology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana Rozhmina
- Flax Institute, Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops, Torzhok, Russia
| | - Vladislav Stanin
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail Bankin
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Samsonova
- Center for Computational Biology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Orlova
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria Samsonova
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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16
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Ayhan DH, Abbondante S, Martínez-Soto D, Milo S, Rickelton K, Sohrab V, Kotera S, Arie T, Marshall ME, Rocha MC, Haridas S, Grigoriev IV, Shlezinger N, Pearlman E, Ma LJ. The differential virulence of Fusarium strains causing corneal infections and plant diseases is associated with accessory chromosome composition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.23.595639. [PMID: 38826335 PMCID: PMC11142239 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.23.595639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is a cross-kingdom pathogen. While some strains cause disseminated fusariosis and blinding corneal infections in humans, others are responsible for devastating vascular wilt diseases in plants. To better understand the distinct adaptations of F. oxysporum to animal or plant hosts, we conducted a comparative phenotypic and genetic analysis of two strains: MRL8996 (isolated from a keratitis patient) and Fol4287 (isolated from a wilted tomato [Solanum lycopersicum]). In vivo infection of mouse corneas and tomato plants revealed that, while both strains cause symptoms in both hosts, MRL8996 caused more severe corneal ulceration and perforation in mice, whereas Fol4287 induced more pronounced wilting symptoms in tomato. In vitro assays using abiotic stress treatments revealed that the human pathogen MRL8996 was better adapted to elevated temperatures, whereas the plant pathogen Fol4287 was more tolerant of osmotic and cell wall stresses. Both strains displayed broad resistance to antifungal treatment, with MRL8996 exhibiting the paradoxical effect of increased tolerance to higher concentrations of the antifungal caspofungin. We identified a set of accessory chromosomes (ACs) and protein-encoding genes with distinct transposon profiles and functions, respectively, between MRL8996 and Fol4287. Interestingly, ACs from both genomes also encode proteins with shared functions, such as chromatin remodeling and post-translational protein modifications. Our phenotypic assays and comparative genomics analyses lay the foundation for future studies correlating genotype with phenotype and for developing targeted antifungals for agricultural and clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilay Hazal Ayhan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Serena Abbondante
- Physiology and Biophysics and Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, USA University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Domingo Martínez-Soto
- Department of Microbiology, Centro de Investigación Científica y Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Shira Milo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Rickelton
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Vista Sohrab
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Shunsuke Kotera
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Arie
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michaela Ellen Marshall
- Physiology and Biophysics and Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, USA University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Marina Campos Rocha
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sajeet Haridas
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Igor V. Grigoriev
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Neta Shlezinger
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eric Pearlman
- Physiology and Biophysics and Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, USA University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Li-Jun Ma
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
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17
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Du Y, Wang T, Lv C, Yan B, Wan X, Wang S, Kang C, Guo L, Huang L. Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals Novel Insights about the Biocontrol Potential of Burkholderia ambifaria CF3 on Atractylodes lancea. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1043. [PMID: 38930425 PMCID: PMC11205678 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Root rot caused by Fusarium spp. is the most destructive disease on Atractylodes lancea, one of the large bulks and most common traditional herbal plants in China. In this study, we isolated a bacterial strain, CF3, from the rhizosphere soil of A. lancea and determined its inhibitory effects on F. oxysporum in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. To deeply explore the biocontrol potential of CF3, we sequenced the whole genome and investigated the key pathways for the biosynthesis of many antibiotic compounds. The results revealed that CF3 is a member of Burkholderia ambifaria, harboring two chromosomes and one plasmid as other strains in this species. Five antibiotic compounds were found that could be synthesized due to the existence of the bio-synthesis pathways in the genome. Furthermore, the synthesis of antibiotic compounds should be confirmed by in vitro experiments and novel compounds should be purified and characterized in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxi Du
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (T.W.); (C.L.); (B.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tielin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (T.W.); (C.L.); (B.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chaogeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (T.W.); (C.L.); (B.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Binbin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (T.W.); (C.L.); (B.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiufu Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (T.W.); (C.L.); (B.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (T.W.); (C.L.); (B.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chuanzhi Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (T.W.); (C.L.); (B.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (T.W.); (C.L.); (B.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (T.W.); (C.L.); (B.Y.); (X.W.); (S.W.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China
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18
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Šimkovicová M, Kramer G, Rep M, Takken FLW. Tomato R-gene-mediated resistance against Fusarium wilt originates in roots and extends to shoots via xylem to limit pathogen colonization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1384431. [PMID: 38751834 PMCID: PMC11094230 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1384431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Vascular wilt disease, caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Fo), poses a threat to many crop species. Four different tomato resistance (R) genes (I-1, I-2, I-3, and I-7) have been identified to confer protection against Fo f.sp. lycopersici (Fol). These I genes are root-expressed and mount an immune response upon perception of the invading fungus. Despite immune activation, Fol is still able to colonize the xylem vessels of resistant tomato lines. Yet, the fungus remains localized in the vessels and does not colonize adjacent tissues or cause disease. The molecular mechanism constraining Fol in the vascular system of the stem remains unclear. We here demonstrate that an I-2-resistant rootstock protects a susceptible scion from Fusarium wilt, notwithstanding fungal colonization of the susceptible scion. Proteomic analyses revealed the presence of fungal effectors in the xylem sap of infected plants, showing that the lack of fungal pathogenicity is not due to its inability to express its virulence genes. To identify mobile root-derived proteins, potentially involved in controlling fungal proliferation, comparative xylem sap proteomics was performed. We identified distinct pathogenesis-related (PR) protein profiles in xylem sap from Fol-inoculated I-1, I-2, I-3, and I-7 resistant lines. Despite structural diversity, all four immune receptors trigger the accumulation of a common set of four PR proteins: PR-5x, PR-P2, and two glucan endo-1,3-β-D-glucosidases. This research provides insights into Fusarium resistance mechanisms and identifies a core set of proteins whose abundance correlates with defense against Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Šimkovicová
- Molecular Plant Pathology, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Kramer
- Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry of Biomolecules, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Rep
- Molecular Plant Pathology, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frank L. W. Takken
- Molecular Plant Pathology, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Fujita H, Yoshida S, Suzuki K, Toju H. Soil prokaryotic and fungal biome structures associated with crop disease status across the Japan Archipelago. mSphere 2024; 9:e0080323. [PMID: 38567970 PMCID: PMC11036807 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00803-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Archaea, bacteria, and fungi in the soil are increasingly recognized as determinants of agricultural productivity and sustainability. A crucial step for exploring soil microbiomes with important ecosystem functions is to perform statistical analyses on the potential relationship between microbiome structure and functions based on comparisons of hundreds or thousands of environmental samples collected across broad geographic ranges. In this study, we integrated agricultural field metadata with microbial community analyses by targeting 2,903 bulk soil samples collected along a latitudinal gradient from cool-temperate to subtropical regions in Japan (26.1-42.8 °N). The data involving 632 archaeal, 26,868 bacterial, and 4,889 fungal operational taxonomic units detected across the fields of 19 crop plant species allowed us to conduct statistical analyses (permutational analyses of variance, generalized linear mixed models, randomization analyses, and network analyses) on the relationship among edaphic factors, microbiome compositions, and crop disease prevalence. We then examined whether the diverse microbes form species sets varying in potential ecological impacts on crop plants. A network analysis suggested that the observed prokaryotes and fungi were classified into several species sets (network modules), which differed substantially in association with crop disease prevalence. Within the network of microbe-to-microbe coexistence, ecologically diverse microbes, such as an ammonium-oxidizing archaeon, an antibiotics-producing bacterium, and a potentially mycoparasitic fungus, were inferred to play key roles in shifts between crop-disease-promotive and crop-disease-suppressive states of soil microbiomes. The bird's-eye view of soil microbiome structure will provide a basis for designing and managing agroecosystems with high disease-suppressive functions.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding how microbiome structure and functions are organized in soil ecosystems is one of the major challenges in both basic ecology and applied microbiology. Given the ongoing worldwide degradation of agroecosystems, building frameworks for exploring structural diversity and functional profiles of soil microbiomes is an essential task. Our study provides an overview of cropland microbiome states in light of potential crop-disease-suppressive functions. The large data set allowed us to explore highly functional species sets that may be stably managed in agroecosystems. Furthermore, an analysis of network architecture highlighted species that are potentially used to cause shifts from disease-prevalent states of agroecosystems to disease-suppressive states. By extending the approach of comparative analyses toward broader geographic ranges and diverse agricultural practices, agroecosystem with maximized biological functions will be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Fujita
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Yoshida
- Institute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenta Suzuki
- Integrated Bioresource Information Division, BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Toju
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
- Center for Living Systems Information Science (CeLiSIS), Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Ecosystems and Coevolution, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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20
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Wang J, Gao Y, Xiong X, Yan Y, Lou J, Noman M, Li D, Song F. The Ser/Thr protein kinase FonKin4-poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase FonPARP1 phosphorylation cascade is required for the pathogenicity of watermelon fusarium wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1397688. [PMID: 38690366 PMCID: PMC11058995 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1397688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and hydrolyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), is a kind of post-translational protein modification that is involved in various cellular processes in fungi, plants, and mammals. However, the function of PARPs in plant pathogenic fungi remains unknown. The present study investigated the roles and mechanisms of FonPARP1 in watermelon Fusarium wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon). Fon has a single PARP FonPARP1 and one PARG FonPARG1. FonPARP1 is an active PARP and contributes to Fon pathogenicity through regulating its invasive growth within watermelon plants, while FonPARG1 is not required for Fon pathogenicity. A serine/threonine protein kinase, FonKin4, was identified as a FonPARP1-interacting partner by LC-MS/MS. FonKin4 is required for vegetative growth, conidiation, macroconidia morphology, abiotic stress response and pathogenicity of Fon. The S_TKc domain is sufficient for both enzyme activity and pathogenicity function of FonKin4 in Fon. FonKin4 phosphorylates FonPARP1 in vitro to enhance its poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity; however, FonPARP1 does not PARylate FonKin4. These results establish the FonKin4-FonPARP1 phosphorylation cascade that positively contributes to Fon pathogenicity. The present study highlights the importance of PARP-catalyzed protein PARylation in regulating the pathogenicity of Fon and other plant pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhou Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Xiong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Lou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Noman
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dayong Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengming Song
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Shih SY, Huang YS, Chou KR, Wu HY, Tsai H. Isolation and genome characterization of Paenibacillus polymyxa 188, a potential biocontrol agent against fungi. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae075. [PMID: 38509027 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
AIMS In this work, we aimed to isolate marine bacteria that produce metabolites with antifungal properties. METHODS AND RESULTS Paenibacillus polymyxa 188 was isolated from a marine sediment sample, and it showed excellent antifungal activity against many fungi pathogenic to plants (Fusarium tricinctum, Pestalotiopsis clavispora, Fusarium oxysporum, F. oxysporum f. sp. Cubense (Foc), Curvularia plantarum, and Talaromyces pinophilus) and to humans (Aspergillus terreus, Penicillium oxalicum, and Microsphaeropsis arundinis). The antifungal compounds produced by P. polymyxa 188 were extracted and analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The complete genome sequence and biosynthetic gene clusters of P. polymyxa 188 were characterized and compared with those of other strains. A total of 238 carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) were identified in P. polymyxa 188. Two antibiotic gene clusters, fusaricidin and tridecaptin, exist in P. polymyxa 188, which is different from other strains that typically have multiple antibiotic gene clusters. CONCLUSIONS Paenibacilluspolymyxa 188 was identified with numerous biosynthetic gene clusters, and its antifungal ability against pathogenic fungi was verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sra-Yh Shih
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan
| | - You-Syu Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan
- Eastern Marine Biology Research Center, Taitung City, 950, Taiwan
| | - Ker-Rui Chou
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Wu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan
| | - HsinYuan Tsai
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan
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22
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Guan F, Shi B, Zhang J, Wan X. Metabolome Revealed the Potential Mechanism of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Bitter Gourd ( Momordica charantia) Based on Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:920-929. [PMID: 37814516 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-23-1371-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt fungus infection of bitter gourd, a major melon vegetable crop, results in massive yield reduction. Through extensive testing, some Fusarium wilt-resistant bitter melon varieties have been produced, but the molecular mechanism of their resistance to the fungus remains unknown. Importantly, after bitter melon plants are infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae (FOM), apart from altering their gene expression levels, numerous metabolites are produced because of the interaction with the fungus. In the current study, an untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed to investigate the metabolic difference between resistant and susceptible bitter gourd varieties at various timepoints postinoculation with FOM based on liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. A total of 1,595 positive ion mode and 922 negative ion mode metabolites were identified. Between the resistant and susceptible bitter gourd varieties, 213 unique differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) were identified, and they were mainly enriched in the alpha-linolenic acid metabolism pathway. By comparing the postinoculation with preinoculation timepoints in the resistant and susceptible bitter gourd varieties, 93 and 159 DAMs were identified, respectively. These DAMs were mainly related to beta-alanine metabolism, among others. Multiple metabolites in the biosynthesis of the phenylpropanoid pathway showed greater variability in the susceptible than the resistant varieties, which may be related to senescence and mortality in the susceptible variety. These results provide new insights into the understanding of metabolite changes after FOM infection and a theoretical foundation for the elucidation of the bitter gourd disease resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guan
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Shi
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiangyun Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinjian Wan
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
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23
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Wojtasik W, Dymińska L, Hanuza J, Burgberger M, Boba A, Szopa J, Kulma A, Mierziak J. Endophytic non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum reorganizes the cell wall in flax seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1352105. [PMID: 38590745 PMCID: PMC10999547 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1352105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Flax (Linum usitatissimum) is a crop producing valuable products like seeds and fiber. However, its cultivation faces challenges from environmental stress factors and significant yield losses due to fungal infections. The major threat is Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lini, causing fusarium wilt of flax. Interestingly, within the Fusarium family, there are non-pathogenic strains known as biocontrols, which protect plants from infections caused by pathogenic strains. When exposed to a non-pathogenic strain, flax exhibits defense responses similar to those seen during pathogenic infections. This sensitization process activates immune reactions, preparing the plant to better combat potential pathogenic strains. The plant cell wall is crucial for defending against pathogens. It serves as the primary barrier, blocking pathogen entry into plant cells. Methods The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of treating flax with a non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain, focusing on cell wall remodeling. The infection's progress was monitored by determining the fungal DNA content and microscopic observation. The plant defense response was confirmed by an increase in the level of Pathogenesis-Related (PR) genes transcripts. The reorganization of flax cell wall during non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain infection was examined using Infrared spectroscopy (IR), determination of cell wall polymer content, and analysis of mRNA level of genes involved in their metabolism. Results and discussion IR analysis revealed reduced cellulose content in flax seedlings after treatment with Fo47 and that the cellulose chains were shorter and more loosely bound. Hemicellulose content was also reduced but only after 12h and 36h. The total pectin content remained unchanged, while the relative share of simple sugars and uronic acids in the pectin fractions changed over time. In addition, a dynamic change in the level of methylesterification of carboxyl groups of pectin was observed in flax seedlings treated with Fo47 compared to untreated seedlings. The increase in lignin content was observed only 48 hours after the treatment with non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum. Analysis of mRNA levels of cell wall polymer metabolism genes showed significant changes over time in all analyzed genes. In conclusion, the research suggests that the rearrangement of the cell wall is likely one of the mechanisms behind flax sensitization by the non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain. Understanding these processes could help in developing strategies to enhance flax's resistance to fusarium wilt and improve its overall yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Wojtasik
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lucyna Dymińska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Economics and Business, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Hanuza
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Burgberger
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Boba
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jan Szopa
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kulma
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Mierziak
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
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24
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Wang J, Ni Y, Zhao H, Liu X, Qiu R, Li S, Liu H. Complete genome sequence of a novel dsRNA virus from the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Arch Virol 2024; 169:75. [PMID: 38492088 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-05976-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is a widespread plant pathogen that causes fusarium wilt and fusarium root rot in many economically significant crops. Here, a novel dsRNA virus tentatively named "Fusarium oxysporum virus 1" (FoV1) was identified in F. oxysporum strain 3S-18. The genome of FoV1 is 2,944 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORF1 and 2). The larger of these, ORF2, encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of 590 amino acids with a molecular mass of 67.52 kDa. ORF1 encodes a putative nucleocapsid protein consisting of 134 amino acids with a molecular mass of 34.25 kDa. The RdRp domain of FoV1 shares 60.00% to 84.24% sequence identity with non-segmented dsRNA viruses. Phylogenetic analysis further suggested that FoV1 is a new member of the proposed genus "Unirnavirus" accommodating unclassified monopartite dsRNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Ni
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xintao Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Qiu
- Institute of Tobacco, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pest in Huanghuai Growing Area, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Li
- Institute of Tobacco, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pest in Huanghuai Growing Area, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Lal D, Dev D, Kumari S, Pandey S, Aparna, Sharma N, Nandni S, Jha RK, Singh A. Fusarium wilt pandemic: current understanding and molecular perspectives. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:41. [PMID: 38386088 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01319-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Plant diseases pose a severe threat to the food security of the global human population. One such disease is Fusarium wilt, which affects many plant species and causes up to 100% yield losses. Fusarium pathogen has high variability in its genetic constitution; therefore, it has evolved into different physiological races to infect different plant species spread across the different geographical regions of the world. The pathogen mainly affects plant roots, leading to colonizing and blocking vascular bundle cells, specifically xylem vessels. This blocking results in chlorosis, vascular discoloration, leaf wilting, shortening of plant, and, in severe cases, premature plant death. Due to the soil-borne nature of the wilt pathogen, neither agronomic nor plant protection measures effectively reduce the incidence of the disease. Therefore, the most cost-effective management strategy for Fusarium wilt is developing varieties resistant to a particular race of the fungus wilt prevalent in a given region. This strategy requires understanding the pathogen, its disease cycle, and epidemiology with climate-changing scenarios. Hence, in the review, we will discuss the pathogenic aspect and genetics of the Fusarium wilt, including molecular interventions for developing climate-smart wilt tolerant/resistant varieties of crops. Overall, this review will add to our knowledge for advancing the breeding of resistance against the wilt pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalpat Lal
- College of Agriculture, Jodhpur, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 342304, Rajasthan, India
| | - Devanshu Dev
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, 813210, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Sarita Kumari
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, CBS&H, RPCAU-Pusa, Samastipur, India
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Aparna
- Department of Agriculture, Jagan Nath University, Chaksu, Jaipur, India
| | - Nilesh Sharma
- Department of Agriculture, Jagan Nath University, Chaksu, Jaipur, India
| | - Sudha Nandni
- Department of Plant Pathology, PGCA, RPCAU, Pusa, 848125, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Ratnesh Kumar Jha
- Centre for Advanced Studies On Climate Change, RPCAU, Pusa, 848125, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- Centre for Advanced Studies On Climate Change, RPCAU, Pusa, 848125, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
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LeBlanc NR, Harrigian FC. Green Waste Compost Impacts Microbial Functions Related to Carbohydrate Use and Active Dispersal in Plant Pathogen-Infested Soil. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:44. [PMID: 38367043 PMCID: PMC10874327 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The effects of compost on physical and chemical characteristics of soil are well-studied but impacts on soil microbiomes are poorly understood. This research tested effects of green waste compost on bacterial communities in soil infested with the plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. Compost was added to pathogen-infested soil and maintained in mesocosms in a greenhouse experiment and replicated growth chamber experiments. Bacteria and F. oxysporum abundance were quantified using quantitative PCR. Taxonomic and functional characteristics of bacterial communities were measured using shotgun metagenome sequencing. Compost significantly increased bacterial abundance 8 weeks after amendment in one experiment. Compost increased concentrations of chemical characteristics of soil, including phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, and pH. In all experiments, compost significantly reduced abundance of F. oxysporum and altered the taxonomic composition of soil bacterial communities. Sixteen bacterial genera were significantly increased from compost in every experiment, potentially playing a role in pathogen suppression. In all experiments, there was a consistent negative effect of compost on functions related to carbohydrate use and a positive effect on bacteria with flagella. Results from this work demonstrate that compost can reduce the abundance of soilborne plant pathogens and raise questions about the role of microbes in plant pathogen suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R LeBlanc
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, 1636 E. Alisal St, Salinas, CA, 93905, USA.
| | - Fiona C Harrigian
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, 1636 E. Alisal St, Salinas, CA, 93905, USA
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Namisy A, Chen SY, Huang JH, Unartngam J, Thanarut C, Chung WH. Histopathology and quantification of green fluorescent protein-tagged Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. luffae isolate in resistant and susceptible Luffa germplasm. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0312723. [PMID: 38174927 PMCID: PMC10846128 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03127-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. luffae (Folu) is a severe plant pathogen that causes vascular wilt and root rot in Luffa plants worldwide. A green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged isolate of Folu (Fomh16-GFP) was utilized to investigate the infection progress and colonization of Fomh16-GFP in resistant (LA140) and susceptible (LA100) Luffa genotypes. Seven days post-inoculation (dpi), it was observed that Fomh16-GFP had successfully invaded and colonized the vascular bundle of all LA100 parts, including the roots, hypocotyl, and stem. Pathogen colonization continued to increase over time, leading to the complete wilting of plants by 14-17 dpi. In LA140, the Fomh16-GFP isolate colonized the roots and hypocotyl vascular system at 7 dpi. Nevertheless, this colonization was restricted in the hypocotyl and decreased significantly, and no fungal growth was detected in the vascular system at 21 dpi. Thus, the resistant genotype might trigger a robust defense mechanism. In addition, while the pathogen was present in LA140, the inoculated plants did not exhibit any symptoms until 28 dpi. Quantitative PCR was utilized to measure the Fomh16-GFP biomass in various parts of LA100 and LA140 at different time points. The findings indicated a positive correlation between the quantity of Fomh16-GFP DNA and disease development in LA100. Alternatively, a high amount of Fomh16-GFP DNA was identified in the roots of LA140. Nonetheless, no significant correlations were found between DNA amount and disease progression in LA140. Aqueous extracts from LA140 significantly reduced Fomh16-GFP spore germination, while no significant reduction was detected using LA100 extracts.IMPORTANCEFusarium wilt of Luffa, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. luffae (Folu), causes great losses in Luffa plants worldwide. This study used a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged isolate of Folu (Fomh16-GFP) to investigate the infection progress and colonization dynamics of Fomh16-GFP in the resistant and susceptible Luffa genotypes, which could be important in understanding the resistance mechanism of Folu in Luffa plants. In addition, our work highlights the correlations between DNA amount and disease progression in resistant plants using real-time PCR. We observed a positive correlation between the quantity of Fomh16-GFP DNA and disease progression in LA100, while no significant correlation was found in LA140. These results could be valuable to further investigate the resistance mechanism of Luffa genotypes against Folu. Gaining a better understanding of the interaction between Folu and Luffa plants is crucial for effectively managing Fusarium wilt and enhancing resistance in Luffa rootstock and its varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Namisy
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yun Chen
- Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Hsing Huang
- Plant Pathology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jintana Unartngam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chinnapan Thanarut
- Faculty of Agriculture Production, Division of Pomology Maejo University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wen-Hsin Chung
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Master Program for Plant Medicine and Agricultural Practice, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Kamble A, Michavila S, Gimenez-Ibanez S, Redkar A. Shared infection strategy of a fungal pathogen across diverse lineages of land plants, the Fusarium example. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 77:102498. [PMID: 38142620 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Plants engage with a wide variety of microorganisms either in parasitic or mutualistic relationships, which have helped them to adapt to terrestrial ecosystems. Microbial interactions have driven plant evolution and led to the emergence of complex interaction outcomes via suppression of host defenses by evolving pathogens. The evolution of plant-microbe interactions is shaped by conserved host and pathogen gene modules and fast-paced lineage-specific adaptability which determines the interaction outcome. Recent findings from different microbes ranging from bacteria, oomycetes, and fungi suggest recurrent concepts in establishing interactions with evolutionarily distant plant hosts, but also clade-specific adaptation that ultimately contributes to pathogenicity. Here, we revisit some of the latest features that illustrate shared colonization strategies of the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum on distant plant lineages and lineage-specific adaptability of mini-chromosomal units encoding effectors, for shaping host-specific pathogenicity in angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kamble
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Santiago Michavila
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología CSIC, Campus Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Selena Gimenez-Ibanez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología CSIC, Campus Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Amey Redkar
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (NCBS-TIFR), GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru, 560065, India.
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Cloutier S, Edwards T, Zheng C, Booker HM, Islam T, Nabetani K, Kutcher HR, Molina O, You FM. Fine-mapping of a major locus for Fusarium wilt resistance in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:27. [PMID: 38245903 PMCID: PMC10800302 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Fine-mapping of a locus on chromosome 1 of flax identified an S-lectin receptor-like kinase (SRLK) as the most likely candidate for a major Fusarium wilt resistance gene. Fusarium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini, is a devastating disease in flax. Genetic resistance can counteract this disease and limit its spread. To map major genes for Fusarium wilt resistance, a recombinant inbred line population of more than 700 individuals derived from a cross between resistant cultivar 'Bison' and susceptible cultivar 'Novelty' was phenotyped in Fusarium wilt nurseries at two sites for two and three years, respectively. The population was genotyped with 4487 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Twenty-four QTLs were identified with IciMapping, 18 quantitative trait nucleotides with 3VmrMLM and 108 linkage disequilibrium blocks with RTM-GWAS. All models identified a major QTL on chromosome 1 that explained 20-48% of the genetic variance for Fusarium wilt resistance. The locus was estimated to span ~ 867 Kb but included a ~ 400 Kb unresolved region. Whole-genome sequencing of 'CDC Bethune', 'Bison' and 'Novelty' produced ~ 450 Kb continuous sequences of the locus. Annotation revealed 110 genes, of which six were considered candidate genes. Fine-mapping with 12 SNPs and 15 Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers narrowed down the interval to ~ 69 Kb, which comprised the candidate genes Lus10025882 and Lus10025891. The latter, a G-type S-lectin receptor-like kinase (SRLK) is the most likely resistance gene because it is the only polymorphic one. In addition, Fusarium wilt resistance genes previously isolated in tomato and Arabidopsis belonged to the SRLK class. The robust KASP markers can be used in marker-assisted breeding to select for this major Fusarium wilt resistance locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cloutier
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - T Edwards
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - C Zheng
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - H M Booker
- Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
- Department of Plant Agriculture, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - T Islam
- Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - K Nabetani
- Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - H R Kutcher
- Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - O Molina
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 101 Route 100, Morden, MB, R6M 1Y5, Canada
| | - F M You
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada.
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Pennerman KK, Dilla-Ermita CJ, Henry PM. Exaggerated Plurivory of Macrophomina phaseolina: Accounting for the Large Host Range Claim and the Shifting of Scientific Language. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:119-125. [PMID: 37531627 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-23-0154-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Macrophomina phaseolina is a plant pathogenic fungus that is frequently described as having a broad host range encompassing more than 500 species. We noticed that citations provided in support of this statement do not actually demonstrate such a broad host range. To elucidate the true documented host range of this fungus, we initiated a literature meta-analysis of 894 publications on M. phaseolina since 1913. We discovered that the first host range summaries did not require Koch's postulates or other experimental demonstrations of pathogenicity. Most of the available early host claims were based on tenuous associations between the fungus and symptoms, sometimes without reporting isolation or morphological examination in vitro. These statements apparently led to a pattern of increasingly exaggerated host range claims, without support from a primary reference, until the claim that M. phaseolina has 500 hosts became common in the early 2000s. At present, the scientific community typically requires Koch's postulates to characterize pathogenicity on a new host. Among all the available literature, we only found primary experimental evidence for M. phaseolina's pathogenicity on 97 hosts; 74 hosts confirmed by Koch's postulates and 23 hosts with all steps from Koch's postulates completed except for recovery of the pathogen from symptomatic tissues. This study demonstrates how scientific concepts can change over time and necessitate changes to historic axioms. We propose that the hyperbole surrounding the host range of M. phaseolina has obscured an accurate depiction of its biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla K Pennerman
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 1636 East Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905
| | - Christine Jade Dilla-Ermita
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 1636 East Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Peter M Henry
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 1636 East Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905
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Aalders TR, de Sain M, Gawehns F, Oudejans N, Jak YD, Dekker HL, Rep M, van den Burg HA, Takken FL. Specific members of the TOPLESS family are susceptibility genes for Fusarium wilt in tomato and Arabidopsis. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:248-261. [PMID: 37822043 PMCID: PMC10754003 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Vascular wilt diseases caused by Fusarium oxysporum are a major threat to many agriculturally important crops. Genetic resistance is rare and inevitably overcome by the emergence of new races. To identify potentially durable and non-race-specific genetic resistance against Fusarium wilt diseases, we set out to identify effector targets in tomato that mediate susceptibility to the fungus. For this purpose, we used the SIX8 effector protein, an important and conserved virulence factor present in many pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates. Using protein pull-downs and yeast two-hybrid assays, SIX8 was found to interact specifically with two members of the tomato TOPLESS family: TPL1 and TPL2. Loss-of-function mutations in TPL1 strongly reduced disease susceptibility to Fusarium wilt and a tpl1;tpl2 double mutant exerted an even higher level of resistance. Similarly, Arabidopsis tpl;tpr1 mutants became significantly less diseased upon F. oxysporum inoculation as compared to wildtype plants. We conclude that TPLs encode susceptibility genes whose mutation can confer resistance to F. oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Aalders
- Molecular Plant PathologySwammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Mara de Sain
- Molecular Plant PathologySwammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Fleur Gawehns
- Molecular Plant PathologySwammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Nina Oudejans
- Molecular Plant PathologySwammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Yoran D. Jak
- Molecular Plant PathologySwammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Henk L. Dekker
- Mass Spectrometry of BiomoleculesSwammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Martijn Rep
- Molecular Plant PathologySwammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Harrold A. van den Burg
- Molecular Plant PathologySwammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Frank L.W. Takken
- Molecular Plant PathologySwammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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Kiani Dehkian Z, Taheri H, Pakdaman Sardrood B, Farkhari M. Controlling Tomato Fusarium Wilt Disease through Bacillus thuringiensis-Mediated Defense Primining. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 22:e3690. [PMID: 38827338 PMCID: PMC11139446 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2024.394291.3690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Fusarium wilt caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) (Sacc.) W.C. Snyder and H.N. Hans is one of the most prevalent and devastating diseases of tomato plants (Solanum lycoprsicum L.) that leads to a severe reduction in crop yield almost worldwide. Objective Evaluation of biocontrol potential of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolate IBRC-M11096, against Fol in tomato through primin. Materials and Methods qRT-PCR technique was applied to analyze the effect of the strain on the hormonal defensive pathways; transcriptional responses of jasmonic acid (COI1, Pin2) and salicylic acid (NRP1 and PR1) pathway genes in Bt-treated plants following inoculation of Fol as compared to the plants only challenged with Fol. Also, the potential of the bacterial strain as a biocontrol agent was studied by evaluating growth indices and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Results The transcription of both defensive hormonal pathway genes (COI1, Pin2, NPR1, PR1) increased due to bacterial priming. The bacterial priming reduced the AUDPC compared to the inoculation with only Fol. The strain reduced the disease symptoms, and compared to the plants only challenged with the fungus, the bacterial strain significantly raised shoot dry and fresh weights and root dry weight. Conclusion Priming with the Bt strain led to improved shoot and root growth indices, reduced AUDPC, and fortified responses of both JA and SA hormonal pathways. However, further full-span studies are required to judge the efficacy of the bacterial strain in the biological control of tomato fusarium wilt under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kiani Dehkian
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Hengameh Taheri
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Babak Pakdaman Sardrood
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farkhari
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
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Wang H, Yao L, Chen J, Ding Z, Ou X, Zhang C, Zhao J, Han Y. Antifungal Peptide P852 Effectively Controls Fusarium oxysporum, a Wilt-Causing Fungus, by Affecting the Glucose Metabolism and Amino Acid Metabolism as well as Damaging Mitochondrial Function. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19638-19651. [PMID: 38015891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum causes wilt disease, which causes huge economic losses to a wide range of agricultural cash crops. Antifungal peptide P852 is an effective biocide. However, the mechanism of direct inhibition of pathogenic fungus needs to be explored. The proteomics and transcriptomics results showed that P852 mainly affected intracellular pathways such as glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and oxidoreductase activity in F. oxysporum. P852 disrupts the intracellular oxidative equilibrium in F. oxysporum, and transmission electron microscopy observed mitochondrial swelling, disruption of membrane structure, and leakage of contents. Decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial cytochrome c leakage, and reduced ATP production were also detected. These results suggest that P852 is able to simultaneously inhibit intracellular metabolism and disrupt the mitochondrial function of F. oxysporum, exerting its inhibitory effects in multiple pathways together. The present study provides some insights into the multitargeted mechanism of fungus inhibition of antifungal lipopeptide substances produced by Bacillus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongji Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Lan Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Zeran Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Xuan Ou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Chaowen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yuzhu Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 402460, China
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Ezeah CSA, Shimazu J, Kawanabe T, Shimizu M, Kawashima S, Kaji M, Ezinma CO, Nuruzzaman M, Minato N, Fukai E, Okazaki K. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis and fine-mapping for Fusarium oxysporum disease resistance in Raphanus sativus using GRAS-Di technology. BREEDING SCIENCE 2023; 73:421-434. [PMID: 38737918 PMCID: PMC11082455 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.23032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt is a significant disease in radish, but the genetic mechanisms controlling yellows resistance (YR) are not well understood. This study aimed to identify YR-QTLs and to fine-map one of them using F2:3 populations developed from resistant and susceptible radish parents. In this study, two high-density genetic maps each containing shared co-dominant markers and either female or male dominant markers that spanned 988.6 and 1127.5 cM with average marker densities of 1.40 and 1.53 cM, respectively, were generated using Genotyping by Random Amplicon Sequencing-Direct (GRAS-Di) technology. We identified two YR-QTLs on chromosome R2 and R7, and designated the latter as ForRs1 as the major QTL. Fine mapping narrowed down the ForRs1 locus to a 195 kb region. Among the 16 predicted genes in the delimited region, 4 genes including two receptor-like protein and -kinase genes (RLP/RLK) were identified as prime candidates for ForRs1 based on the nucleotide sequence comparisons between the parents and their predicted functions. This study is the first to use a GRAS-Di for genetic map construction of cruciferous crops and fine map the YR-QTL on the R7 chromosome of radish. These findings will provide groundbreaking insights into radish YR breeding and understanding the genetics of YR mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwunonso Sylvanus Austin Ezeah
- Laboratory of Plant breeding, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- Federal Department of Agriculture, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja, FCT, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Motoki Shimizu
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Kitakami, Iwate 024-0003, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Kaji
- Watanabe Seed Co., Ltd., Miyagi 987-0003, Japan
| | - Charles Onyemaechi Ezinma
- Federal Department of Agriculture, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja, FCT, Nigeria
| | - Md Nuruzzaman
- Laboratory of Plant breeding, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Nami Minato
- Laboratory of Plant breeding, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Eigo Fukai
- Laboratory of Plant breeding, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Keiichi Okazaki
- Laboratory of Plant breeding, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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Lourenço LMO, Cunha Â, Sierra-Garcia IN. Light-Driven Tetra- and Octa-β-substituted Cationic Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines for Eradicating Fusarium oxysporum Conidia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16980. [PMID: 38069303 PMCID: PMC10706913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is an emerging therapeutic approach that can effectively inactivate diverse microbial forms, including vegetative forms and spores, while preserving host tissues and avoiding the development of resistance to the photosensitization procedure. This study evaluates the antifungal and sporicidal photodynamic activity of two water-soluble amphiphilic tetra- and octa-β-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) dyes with dimethylaminopyridinium groups at the periphery (ZnPcs 1, 2) and their quaternized derivatives (ZnPcs 1a, 2a). Tetra(1, 1a)- and octa(2, 2a)-β-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines were prepared and assessed as photosensitizers (PSs) for their effects on Fusarium oxysporum conidia. Antimicrobial photoinactivation experiments were performed with each PS at 0.1, 1, 10, and 20 µM under white light irradiation at an irradiance of 135 mW·cm-2, for 60 min (light dose of 486 J·cm-2). High PDI efficiency was observed for PSs 1a, 2, and 2a (10 µM), corresponding to inactivation until the method's detection limit. PS 1 (20 µM) also achieved a considerable reduction of >5 log10 in the concentration of viable conidia. The quaternized PSs (1a, 2a) showed better PDI performance than the non-quaternized ones (1, 2), even at the low concentration of 1 µM, and a light dose of 486 J·cm-2. These cationic phthalocyanines are potent photodynamic drugs for antifungal applications due to their ability to effectively inactivate resistant forms, like conidia, with low concentrations and reasonable energy doses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ângela Cunha
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (Â.C.); (I.N.S.-G.)
| | - Isabel N. Sierra-Garcia
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (Â.C.); (I.N.S.-G.)
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Ali S, Freire LGD, Rezende VT, Noman M, Ullah S, Abdullah, Badshah G, Afridi MS, Tonin FG, de Oliveira CAF. Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Foods: Unraveling the Knowledge Gaps on Their Persistence in Food Production Systems. Foods 2023; 12:4314. [PMID: 38231751 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, the intricate issue about the occurrence levels of mycotoxins in foods is discussed aiming to underline the main knowledge gaps on the persistence of these toxicants in the food production system. Mycotoxins have been a key challenge to the food industry, economic growth, and consumers' health. Despite a breadth of studies over the past decades, the persistence of mycotoxins in foods remain an overlooked concern that urges exploration. Therefore, we aimed to concisely underline the matter and provide possible biochemical and metabolic details that can be relevant to the food sector and overall public health. We also stress the application of computational modeling, high-throughput omics, and high-resolution imaging approaches, which can provide insights into the structural and physicochemical characteristics and the metabolic activities which occur in a stored cereal grain's embryo and endosperm and their relationship with storage fungi and mycotoxins on a cellular level. In addition, there is a need for extensive collaborative network and funding, which will play a key role in finding effective solutions against the persistence of mycotoxins at the genetic and molecular to metabolic levels in the food system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Ali
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gabriel Dionisio Freire
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Theodoro Rezende
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Noman
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Sana Ullah
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Abdullah
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar (AUP), Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Gul Badshah
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81530-000, PR, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Siddique Afridi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gustavo Tonin
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
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Zhang J, Yuan H, Li W, Chen S, Liu S, Li C, Yao X. Fusaric acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Mycotoxin Res 2023; 39:347-364. [PMID: 37400696 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-023-00497-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer has replaced lung cancer to be the leading cancer in the world. Currently, chemotherapy is still the major method for breast cancer therapy, but its overall effect remains unsatisfactory. Fusaric acid (FSA), a mycotoxin derived from fusarium species, has shown potency against the proliferation of several types of cancer cells, but its effect on breast cancer cells has not been examined. Therefore, we explored the possible effect of FSA on the proliferation of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and uncovered the underlying mechanism in the present study. Our results showed that FSA has a strong anti-proliferative effect on MCF-7 cells through inducing ROS production, apoptosis and arresting cell cycle at G2/M transition phase. Additionally, FSA triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the cells. Notably, the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis inducing effect of FSA can be attenuated by ER stress inhibitor, tauroursodeoxycholic acid. Our study provide evidence that FSA is a potent proliferation inhibition and apoptosis inducing agent against human breast cancer cells, and the possible mechanism involves the activation of ER stress signaling pathways. Our study may highlight that FSA is promising for the future in vivo study and development of potential agent for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huikai Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University at Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Siwen Liu
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Research Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Research Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Rm 224A, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39, the Chinese University of Hong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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Tian Y, Liu Y, Uwaremwe C, Zhao X, Yue L, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Tran LSP, Li W, Chen G, Sha Y, Wang R. Characterization of three new plant growth-promoting microbes and effects of the interkingdom interactions on plant growth and disease prevention. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1757-1776. [PMID: 37674059 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The novel interkingdom PGPM consortia enhanced the ability of plant growth promotion and disease resistance, which would be beneficial to improve plant growth in sustainable agriculture through engineering microbiome. Plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs) play important roles in promoting plant growth and bio-controlling of pathogens. Much information reveals that the plant growth-promoting ability of individual PGPM affects plant growth. However, the effects of the PGPM consortia properties on plant growth remain largely unexplored. Here, we characterized three new PGPM strains including Rhodotorula graminis JJ10.1 (termed as J), Pseudomonas psychrotolerans YY7 (termed as Y) and P. chlororaphis T8 (termed as T), and assessed their effects in combination with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 (termed as F) on plant growth promotion and disease prevention in Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants by investigating morphological changes, whole-genome sequencing and plant growth promoting (PGP) characterization. Results revealed that the three new strains R. graminis JJ10.1, P. psychrotolerans YY7 and P. chlororaphis T8 had the potential for being combined with B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 to form interkingdom PGPM consortia. The combinations of R. graminis JJ10.1, B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42, and P. psychrotolerans YY7, i. e. JF and JYF, exhibited the strongest ability of synergetic biofilm production. Furthermore, the growth-promotion abilities of the consortia were significantly enhanced compared with those of individual strains under both inoculation and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) treatment. Importantly, the consortia showed stronger abilities of in planta disease prevention than individual strains. Findings of our study may provide future guidance for engineering the minimal microbiome communities to improve plant growth and/or disease resistance in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Gansu Gaolan Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Agricultural Ecosystem, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Gansu Gaolan Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Agricultural Ecosystem, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Constantine Uwaremwe
- Gansu Gaolan Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Agricultural Ecosystem, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Gansu Gaolan Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Agricultural Ecosystem, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yue
- Gansu Gaolan Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Agricultural Ecosystem, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Gansu Gaolan Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Agricultural Ecosystem, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Jilin Da'an Agro-Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Experiment Station, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, 130102, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaofeng Chen
- Gansu Shangnong Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Baiyin, 730900, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexia Sha
- Institute of Plant Protection, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Gansu Gaolan Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Agricultural Ecosystem, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Buffi M, Cailleau G, Kuhn T, Li Richter XY, Stanley CE, Wick LY, Chain PS, Bindschedler S, Junier P. Fungal drops: a novel approach for macro- and microscopic analyses of fungal mycelial growth. MICROLIFE 2023; 4:uqad042. [PMID: 37965130 PMCID: PMC10642649 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
This study presents an inexpensive approach for the macro- and microscopic observation of fungal mycelial growth. The 'fungal drops' method allows to investigate the development of a mycelial network in filamentous microorganisms at the colony and hyphal scales. A heterogeneous environment is created by depositing 15-20 µl drops on a hydrophobic surface at a fixed distance. This system is akin to a two-dimensional (2D) soil-like structure in which aqueous-pockets are intermixed with air-filled pores. The fungus (spores or mycelia) is inoculated into one of the drops, from which hyphal growth and exploration take place. Hyphal structures are assessed at different scales using stereoscopic and microscopic imaging. The former allows to evaluate the local response of regions within the colony (modular behaviour), while the latter can be used for fractal dimension analyses to describe the hyphal network architecture. The method was tested with several species to underpin the transferability to multiple species. In addition, two sets of experiments were carried out to demonstrate its use in fungal biology. First, mycelial reorganization of Fusarium oxysporum was assessed as a response to patches containing different nutrient concentrations. Second, the effect of interactions with the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida on habitat colonization by the same fungus was assessed. This method appeared as fast and accessible, allowed for a high level of replication, and complements more complex experimental platforms. Coupled with image analysis, the fungal drops method provides new insights into the study of fungal modularity both macroscopically and at a single-hypha level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Buffi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Cailleau
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Kuhn
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Eco-Ethology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Xiang-Yi Li Richter
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Eco-Ethology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Claire E Stanley
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, B304, Bessemer Building, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lukas Y Wick
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patrick S Chain
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, P.O. Box 1663, NM 87545, United States
| | - Saskia Bindschedler
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Pilar Junier
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Olszak-Przybyś H, Korbecka-Glinka G, Patkowska E. Identification and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Isolated from Soybean in Poland. Pathogens 2023; 12:1162. [PMID: 37764970 PMCID: PMC10537759 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi belonging to the Fusarium genus are commonly isolated from soybean plants and seeds but not all of them are pathogenic. The aim of this study was to compare the pathogenicity among different Fusarium isolates obtained from soybean plants with disease symptoms originating from an experimental field located in the southeast of Poland. Nineteen fungal isolates were selected for the pathogenicity assay, including eight isolates of F. oxysporum, six isolates of F. graminearum, four isolates of F. culmorum and one isolate of F. redolens. Species identification of these isolates was carried out using microscopic methods and sequencing of two genes: translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) and RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. redolens being isolated from soybean in Europe. The pathogenicity test was set up by fungal inoculation of healthy soybean seeds of three cultivars: Abelina, Atlanta and Mavka. Symptoms were assessed seven days after inoculation. Disease area percentage of Fusarium inoculated seeds was significantly higher compared to uninoculated control. Nineteen isolates differed in their aggressiveness as the median disease area percentage ranged between 5.0 and 88.0% depending on isolate. The obtained isolates of four Fusarium species may be used in the future screening of soybean cultivars for resistance to these pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Olszak-Przybyś
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland;
| | - Grażyna Korbecka-Glinka
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Patkowska
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul. Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland
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41
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Shirai M, Eulgem T. Molecular interactions between the soilborne pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina and its host plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1264569. [PMID: 37780504 PMCID: PMC10539690 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1264569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Mentioned for the first time in an article 1971, the occurrence of the term "Macrophomina phaseolina" has experienced a steep increase in the scientific literature over the past 15 years. Concurrently, incidences of M. phaseolina-caused crop diseases have been getting more frequent. The high levels of diversity and plasticity observed for M. phasolina genomes along with a rich equipment of plant cell wall degrading enzymes, secondary metabolites and putative virulence effectors as well as the unusual longevity of microsclerotia, their asexual reproduction structures, make this pathogen very difficult to control and crop protection against it very challenging. During the past years several studies have emerged reporting on host defense measures against M. phaseolina, as well as mechanisms of pathogenicity employed by this fungal pathogen. While most of these studies have been performed in crop systems, such as soybean or sesame, recently interactions of M. phaseolina with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have been described. Collectively, results from various studies are hinting at a complex infection cycle of M. phaseolina, which exhibits an early biotrophic phase and switches to necrotrophy at later time points during the infection process. Consequently, responses of the hosts are complex and seem coordinated by multiple defense-associated phytohormones. However, at this point no robust and strong host defense mechanism against M. phaseolina has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Eulgem
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, Department of Botany & Plant Sciences, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
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42
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Yan X, Guo S, Gao K, Sun S, Yin C, Tian Y. The Impact of the Soil Survival of the Pathogen of Fusarium Wilt on Soil Nutrient Cycling Mediated by Microorganisms. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2207. [PMID: 37764051 PMCID: PMC10537625 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of Momordica charantia in the greenhouse is one of the most severe crop diseases in Shandong Province, P.R. China. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of accumulation and long-term survival of the pathogen in naturally pathogenic soils. Soil physicochemical properties were tested after applying a highly virulent strain of Fusarium wilt to M. charantia in an artificial disease nursery. The functional structure of soil microorganisms was analyzed through amplicon sequencing. The highly virulent strain SG-15 of F. oxysporum f. sp. momordicae was found to cause Fusarium wilt in M. charantia in Shandong Province. The strain SG-15 could not infect 14 non-host crops, including Solanum melongena and Lycopersicon esculentum, but it had varying degrees of pathogenicity towards 11 M. charantia varieties. In the artificial disease nursery for Fusarium wilt of M. charantia, the F. oxysporum was distributed in the soil to a depth of 0-40 cm and was mainly distributed in crop residues at 0-10 cm depth. During crop growth, F. oxysporum primarily grows and reproduces in susceptible host plants, rather than disease-resistant hosts and non-host crops. The colonization of the pathogen of Fusarium wilt significantly changed the soil physicochemical properties, the functional structure of soil microorganisms and the circulation of soil elements such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur. Soil pH value, organic matter content, available iron content, available manganese content, FDA hydrolase activity and polyphenol oxidase activity were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of Fusarium wilt pathogens in the soil. In general, this study suggests that susceptible host plants facilitate the accumulation of Fusarium wilt pathogens in the soil. These pathogens can mediate the decomposition process of plant residues, particularly those of diseased plants, and indirectly or directly affect soil's chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yehan Tian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (X.Y.); (S.G.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (C.Y.)
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43
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Mahecha-Mahecha C, Borrego-Muñoz P, Pombo LM, Gamba-Sánchez D. On the way to potential antifungal compounds: synthesis and in vitro activity of 2-benzofuranylacetic acid amides. RSC Adv 2023; 13:25296-25304. [PMID: 37622023 PMCID: PMC10445276 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04737g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Crop losses caused by microbial infections are a significant global issue, especially in tropical regions. The development of novel antimicrobial agents, particularly antifungal agents, has been explored from various perspectives, including chemical synthesis. However, conventional approaches typically involve synthesizing new and potent compounds on a small scale (a few milligrams), making the scale-up of the reaction a major challenge. In this manuscript, we present a method for the synthesis of new and active (against Fusarium oxysporum) benzofuranyl acetic acid amides. Our strategy allows us to synthesize the key precursor on the gram scale, enabling the production of sufficient quantities of other active compounds within short timeframes for conducting biological studies. All the reactions used in this manuscript are recognized by their industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Mahecha-Mahecha
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Bio and Organocatalysis, Chemistry Department, Universidad de Los Andes Cra 1 No. 18A-12 Q:305 Bogotá 111711 Colombia
| | - Paola Borrego-Muñoz
- Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Universitaria Juan N. Corpas Bogotá 110311 Colombia
| | - Luis M Pombo
- Escuela de Medicina, Fundación Universitaria Juan N. Corpas Bogotá 110311 Colombia
| | - Diego Gamba-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Bio and Organocatalysis, Chemistry Department, Universidad de Los Andes Cra 1 No. 18A-12 Q:305 Bogotá 111711 Colombia
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Uddin MJ, Huang X, Lu X, Li S. Increased Conidia Production and Germination In Vitro Correlate with Virulence Enhancement in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:847. [PMID: 37623618 PMCID: PMC10455488 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucumber plants commonly suffer from Fusarium wilt disease, which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc). Although resistant cultivars assist with Fusarium wilt disease control, enhancement of the virulence of Foc has been identified after monoculture of wilt-resistant cultivars. To investigate the biological characteristics that contribute to the virulence evolution of Foc, a wildtype strain foc-3b (WT) and its virulence-enhanced variant Ra-4 (InVir) were compared in terms of their growth, reproduction, stress tolerance, and colonization in cucumber plants. The InVir strain showed similar culture characteristics on PDA media to the WT strain but produced significantly more conidia (>two fold), with a distinctly higher germination rate (>four fold) than the WT strain. The colony diameter of the InVir strain increased faster than the WT strain on PDA plates; however, the mycelia dry weight of the InVir was significantly lower (<70%) than that of the WT harvested from PDB. The InVir strain exhibited a significant increase in tolerance to osmolality (1 M NaCl, 1 M KCl, etc.). The GFP-labeled InVir strain propagated in the cucumber vascular faster than the WT strain. These results suggest that increased conidia production and germination in vitro may correlate with virulence enhancement in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. This study will provide an insight into its virulence evolution and help us understand the mechanisms underlying the evolutionary biology of F. oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Jamal Uddin
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (M.J.U.); (X.H.)
- Crops Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC), Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (M.J.U.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaohong Lu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (M.J.U.); (X.H.)
| | - Shidong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (M.J.U.); (X.H.)
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Mattoo R, Mallikarjuna S. Soil microbiome influences human health in the context of climate change. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:845-859. [PMID: 37668469 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microbiomes continue to evolve and shape the human microbiota according to external anthropogenic and climate change effects. Ancient microbes are being exposed as a result of glacier melting, soil erosion and poor agricultural practices. Soil microbes subtly regulate greenhouse gas emissions and undergo profound alterations due to poor soil maintenance. This review highlights how the soil microbiome influences human digestion processes, mineral and vitamin production, mental health and mood stimulation. Although much about microbial functions remains unknown, increasing evidence suggests that beneficial soil microbes are vital for enhancing human tolerance to diseases and pathogens. Further research is essential to delineate the specific role of the soil microbiome in promoting human health, especially in light of the increasing anthropogenic pressures and changing climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Mattoo
- Divecha Center for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560038, India
| | - Suman Mallikarjuna
- Divecha Center for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560038, India
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Al-Mutar DMK, Noman M, Alzawar NSA, Qasim HH, Li D, Song F. The Extracellular Lipopeptides and Volatile Organic Compounds of Bacillus subtilis DHA41 Display Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Activity against Soil-Borne Phytopathogenic Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:797. [PMID: 37623568 PMCID: PMC10455929 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) is a devastating soil-borne fungus causing Fusarium wilt in watermelon. The present study investigated the biochemical mechanism underlying the antifungal activity exhibited by the antagonistic bacterial strain DHA41, particularly against Fon. Molecular characterization based on the 16S rRNA gene confirmed that DHA41 is a strain of Bacillus subtilis, capable of synthesizing antifungal lipopeptides, such as iturins and fengycins, which was further confirmed by detecting corresponding lipopeptide biosynthesis genes, namely ItuB, ItuD, and FenD. The cell-free culture filtrate and extracellular lipopeptide extract of B. subtilis DHA41 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of Fon, Didymella bryoniae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium graminearum, and Rhizoctonia solani. The lipopeptide extract showed emulsification activity and inhibited Fon mycelial growth by 86.4% at 100 µg/mL. Transmission electron microscope observations confirmed that the lipopeptide extract disrupted Fon cellular integrity. Furthermore, B. subtilis DHA41 emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that exhibited antifungal activity against Fon, D. bryoniae, S. sclerotiorum, and F. graminearum. These findings provide evidence that B. subtilis DHA41 possesses broad-spectrum antifungal activity against different fungi pathogens, including Fon, through the production of extracellular lipopeptides and VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhabyan Mutar Kareem Al-Mutar
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.M.K.A.-M.); (M.N.); (D.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Basra Agriculture Directorate, Almudaina 61008, Iraq;
| | - Muhammad Noman
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.M.K.A.-M.); (M.N.); (D.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | | | - Dayong Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.M.K.A.-M.); (M.N.); (D.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengming Song
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.M.K.A.-M.); (M.N.); (D.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Prasad A, Sharma S, Prasad M. Multihost compatibility of Fusarium oxysporum: early root colonization effectors into the action! Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:208. [PMID: 37347317 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Prasad
- Department of Botany, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India.
| | | | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India.
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
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Al-Mutar DMK, Noman M, Abduljaleel Alzawar NS, Li D, Song F. Cyclic Lipopeptides of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DHA6 Are the Determinants to Suppress Watermelon Fusarium Wilt by Direct Antifungal Activity and Host Defense Modulation. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:687. [PMID: 37367623 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon), poses a serious threat to watermelon productivity. We previously characterized six antagonistic bacterial strains, including DHA6, capable of suppressing watermelon Fusarium wilt under greenhouse conditions. This study investigates the role of extracellular cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) produced by strain DHA6 in Fusarium wilt suppression. Taxonomic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence categorized strain DHA6 as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry identified five families of CLPs, i.e., iturin, surfactin, bacillomycin, syringfactin, and pumilacidin, in the culture filtrate of B. amyloliquefaciens DHA6. These CLPs exhibited significant antifungal activity against Fon by inducing oxidative stress and disrupting structural integrity, inhibiting mycelial growth and spore germination. Furthermore, pretreatment with CLPs promoted plant growth and suppressed watermelon Fusarium wilt by activating antioxidant enzymes (e.g., catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase) and triggering genes involved in salicylic acid and jasmonic acid/ethylene signaling in watermelon plants. These results highlight the critical roles of CLPs as determinants for B. amyloliquefaciens DHA6 in suppressing Fusarium wilt through direct antifungal activity and modulation of plant defense responses. This study provides a foundation for developing B. amyloliquefaciens DHA6-based biopesticides, serving as both antimicrobial agents and resistance inducers, to effectively control Fusarium wilt in watermelon and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhabyan Mutar Kareem Al-Mutar
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Basra Agriculture Directorate, Almudaina 61008, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Noman
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Dayong Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengming Song
- Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Akosah YA, Kostennikova ZS, Lutfullin MT, Lutfullina GF, Afordoanyi DM, Vologin SG, Mardanova AM. Induced Expression of CYP51a and HK1 Genes Associated with Penconazole and Fludioxonil Resistance in the Potato Pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1257. [PMID: 37317231 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Preventing antifungal resistance development and identifying pathogens with high, medium, and low risk of resistance development to a particular fungicide or fungicide class is crucial in the fight against phytopathogens. We characterized the sensitivity of potato wilt-associated Fusarium oxysporum isolates to fludioxonil and penconazole and assessed the effect of these fungicides on the expression of fungal sterol-14-α-demethylase (CYP51a) and histidine kinase (HK1) genes. Penconazole stunted the growth of F. oxysporum strains at all concentrations used. While all isolates were susceptible to this fungicide, concentrations of up to 1.0 μg/mL were insufficient to cause a 50% inhibition. At low concentrations (0.63 and 1.25 μg/mL), fludioxonil stimulated growth in F. oxysporum. With an increase in the concentration of fludioxonil, only one strain (F. oxysporum S95) exhibited moderate sensitivity to the fungicide. Interaction of F. oxysporum with penconazole and fludioxonil leads to respective elevated expressions of the CYP51a and HK1 genes, which upsurge with increasing concentration of the fungicides. The data obtained indicate that fludioxonil may no longer be suitable for potato protection and its continuous use could only lead to an increased resistance with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw A Akosah
- Department of Molecular Pathology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Zarina S Kostennikova
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Marat T Lutfullin
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Guzel F Lutfullina
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Daniel M Afordoanyi
- Department of Agrobiological Research, Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420059, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Methods, Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420059, Russia
| | - Semyon G Vologin
- Department of Agrochemical and Biochemical Analysis, Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture, Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420059, Russia
| | - Ayslu M Mardanova
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
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50
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Huerta AI, Sancho-Andrés G, Montesinos JC, Silva-Navas J, Bassard S, Pau-Roblot C, Kesten C, Schlechter R, Dora S, Ayupov T, Pelloux J, Santiago J, Sánchez-Rodríguez C. The WAK-like protein RFO1 acts as a sensor of the pectin methylation status in Arabidopsis cell walls to modulate root growth and defense. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:865-881. [PMID: 37002606 PMCID: PMC10168605 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Most organisms adjust their development according to the environmental conditions. For the majority, this implies the sensing of alterations to cell walls caused by different cues. Despite the relevance of this process, few molecular players involved in cell wall sensing are known and characterized. Here, we show that the wall-associated kinase-like protein RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM 1 (RFO1) is required for plant growth and early defense against Fusarium oxysporum and functions by sensing changes in the pectin methylation levels in the cell wall. The RFO1 dwell time at the plasma membrane is affected by the pectin methylation status at the cell wall, regulating MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE and gene expression. We show that the extracellular domain of RFO1 binds de-methylated pectin in vitro, whose distribution in the cell wall is altered during F. oxysporum infection. Further analyses also indicate that RFO1 is required for the BR-dependent plant growth alteration in response to inhibition of pectin de-methyl-esterase activity at the cell wall. Collectively, our work demonstrates that RFO1 is a sensor of the pectin methylation status that plays a unique dual role in plant growth and defense against vascular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apolonio I Huerta
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Javier Silva-Navas
- University of Lausanne, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solène Bassard
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro - BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Corinne Pau-Roblot
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro - BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Christopher Kesten
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf Schlechter
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Dora
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Temurkhan Ayupov
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Pelloux
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro - BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Julia Santiago
- University of Lausanne, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Lausanne, Switzerland
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