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Hu X, Guo R, Qi Z, Zhang Y, Li W, Hao C. Genetic screening reveals hotspot variants and prevalence rates of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in the Chinese population. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119813. [PMID: 38876249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder associated with varied clinical manifestations, including oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding tendency, and systemic complications. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for medical interventions and genetic counseling. We aimed to characterize the prevalence and spectrum of pathogenic variants of HPS in the Chinese population through genetic screening of newborns. METHODS Genetic screening for HPS mutations was conducted in 29,622 Chinese newborns from 13 provinces using next-generation sequencing. Pathogenic variants were identified and classified according to ACMG guidelines. Prevalence rates were estimated, and potential hotspot variants were identified. RESULTS Among screened newborns, 215 carriers with 103 distinct pathogenic variants were identified, including two carriers with additional missense variants. Potential hotspot variants in seven genes were identified, collectively representing over 20 % of carriers in each respective gene. Particularly, the HPS3 c.1838C>G variant was exclusively reported in the Chinese population, suggesting a potential founder effect. The estimated prevalence rate of HPS in China was 2.84/1,000,000. CONCLUSION Our study provides valuable insights into the genetic landscape of HPS in the Chinese population, aiding in genetic counseling, early diagnosis, and management strategies. These findings contribute to enhancing the understanding and management of HPS in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyun Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Pediatric Research Institute of Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Ruolan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Pediatric Research Institute of Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Zhan Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yingzi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Pediatric Research Institute of Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China.
| | - Chanjuan Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Pediatric Research Institute of Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China.
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Hajdú G, Szathmári C, Sőti C. Modeling Host-Pathogen Interactions in C. elegans: Lessons Learned from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7034. [PMID: 39000143 PMCID: PMC11241598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Infections, such as that by the multiresistant opportunistic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, may pose a serious health risk, especially on vulnerable patient populations. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provides a simple organismal model to investigate both pathogenic mechanisms and the emerging role of innate immunity in host protection. Here, we review the virulence and infection strategies of P. aeruginosa and host defenses of C. elegans. We summarize the recognition mechanisms of patterns of pathogenesis, including novel pathogen-associated molecular patterns and surveillance immunity of translation, mitochondria, and lysosome-related organelles. We also review the regulation of antimicrobial and behavioral defenses by the worm's neuroendocrine system. We focus on how discoveries in this rich field align with well-characterized evolutionary conserved protective pathways, as well as on potential crossovers to human pathogenesis and innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Hajdú
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csenge Szathmári
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Sőti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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Cinar R, Basu A, Arif M, Park JK, Zawatsky CN, Zuo BLG, Zuo MXG, O’Brien KJ, Behan M, Introne W, Iyer MR, Gahl WA, Malicdan MCV, Gochuico BR. Anandamide is an Early Blood Biomarker of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Pulmonary Fibrosis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.16.24307300. [PMID: 38798603 PMCID: PMC11118631 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.16.24307300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a group of rare genetic disorders, with several subtypes leading to fatal adult-onset pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and no effective treatment. Circulating biomarkers detecting early PF have not been identified. We investigated whether endocannabinoids could serve as blood biomarkers of PF in HPS. We measured endocannabinoids in the serum of HPS, IPF, and healthy human subjects and in a mouse model of HPSPF. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were correlated with endocannabinoid measurements. In a pale ear mouse model of bleomycin-induced HPSPF, serum endocannabinoid levels were measured with and without treatment with zevaquenabant (MRI-1867), a peripheral CB1R and iNOS antagonist. In three separate cohorts, circulating anandamide levels were increased in HPS-1 patients with or without PF, compared to healthy volunteers. This increase was not observed in IPF patients or in HPS-3 patients, who do not have PF. Circulating anandamide (AEA) levels were negatively correlated with PFT. Furthermore, a longitudinal study over the course of 5-14 years with HPS-1 patients indicated that circulating AEA levels begin to increase with the fibrotic lung process even at the subclinical stages of HPSPF. In pale ear mice with bleomycin-induced HpsPF, serum AEA levels were significantly increased in the earliest stages of PF and remained elevated at a later fibrotic stage. Zevaquenabant treatment reduced the increased AEA levels and attenuated progression in bleomycin-induced HpsPF. Circulating AEA may be a prognostic blood biomarker for PF in HPS-1 patients. Further studies are indicated to evaluate endocannabinoids as potential surrogate biomarkers in progressive fibrotic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resat Cinar
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Abhishek Basu
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Joshua K. Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Charles N. Zawatsky
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Ben Long G. Zuo
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Mei Xing G. Zuo
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Kevin J. O’Brien
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Molly Behan
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Wendy Introne
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - William A. Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - May Christine V. Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bernadette R. Gochuico
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Parisi X, Bledsoe JR. Discerning clinicopathological features of congenital neutropenia syndromes: an approach to diagnostically challenging differential diagnoses. J Clin Pathol 2024:jcp-2022-208686. [PMID: 38589208 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2022-208686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The congenital neutropenia syndromes are rare haematological conditions defined by impaired myeloid precursor differentiation or function. Patients are prone to severe infections with high mortality rates in early life. While some patients benefit from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment, they may still face an increased risk of bone marrow failure, myelodysplastic syndrome and acute leukaemia. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for improved outcomes; however, diagnosis depends on familiarity with a heterogeneous group of rare disorders that remain incompletely characterised. The clinical and pathological overlap between reactive conditions, primary and congenital neutropenias, bone marrow failure, and myelodysplastic syndromes further clouds diagnostic clarity.We review the diagnostically useful clinicopathological and morphological features of reactive causes of neutropenia and the most common primary neutropenia disorders: constitutional/benign ethnic neutropenia, chronic idiopathic neutropenia, cyclic neutropenia, severe congenital neutropenia (due to mutations in ELANE, GFI1, HAX1, G6PC3, VPS45, JAGN1, CSF3R, SRP54, CLPB and WAS), GATA2 deficiency, Warts, hypogammaglobulinaemia, infections and myelokathexis syndrome, Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome, the lysosomal storage disorders with neutropenia: Chediak-Higashi, Hermansky-Pudlak, and Griscelli syndromes, Cohen, and Barth syndromes. We also detail characteristic cytogenetic and molecular factors at diagnosis and in progression to myelodysplastic syndrome/leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Parisi
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jacob R Bledsoe
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Tang L, Chen D, Yang D, Liu Z, Yang X, Liu Y, Zhang L, Liu Z, Wang Y, Tang Z, Huang Y. Bmpali, Bmb1 and Bmcap are necessary for uric acid granule formation in Bombyx mori. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 167:104075. [PMID: 38278280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Uric acid is the end-product of nitrogen metabolism of the silkworm and other lepidopterans. The accumulation of uric acid particles in the epidermis causes the larval silkworm to appear white and opaque. However, the mechanism of uric acid granule formation is still unclear. Silkworm epidermis color is linked to the genes responsible for uric acid particle formation. We first identified two genes in the Bombyx mori genome that encode subunits of the Bloc-1 (Biogenesis of Lysosome-related Organelles Complex-1) by homology to these genes in other eukaryotes, Bmpali and Bmb1. Mutation in these genes caused a transparent phenotype in the silkworm larvae, and the loss of BmBloc-1 subunit gene Bmcap resulted in the same phenotype. These three genes are highly conserved between human and silkworm. We discovered that Bmpali, Bmcap, and Bmb1 localize in the cytoplasm of BmN cells. Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that the Bmpali physically interacts with both Bmcap and Bmb1. Investigating the roles of Bmpali, Bmb1, and Bmcap is essential for uric acid granule formation understanding in Bombyx mori. These mutants present a valuable silkworm model for studying the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LROs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Linmeng Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Dongbin Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dehong Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Departments of Neonatology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zulian Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Departments of Neonatology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yongping Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Wang A, Chen C, Mei C, Liu S, Xiang C, Fang W, Zhang F, Xu Y, Chen S, Zhang Q, Bai X, Lin A, Neculai D, Xia B, Ye C, Zou J, Liang T, Feng XH, Li X, Shen C, Xu P. Innate immune sensing of lysosomal dysfunction drives multiple lysosomal storage disorders. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:219-234. [PMID: 38253667 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), which are characterized by genetic and metabolic lysosomal dysfunctions, constitute over 60 degenerative diseases with considerable health and economic burdens. However, the mechanisms driving the progressive death of functional cells due to lysosomal defects remain incompletely understood, and broad-spectrum therapeutics against LSDs are lacking. Here, we found that various gene abnormalities that cause LSDs, including Hexb, Gla, Npc1, Ctsd and Gba, all shared mutual properties to robustly autoactivate neuron-intrinsic cGAS-STING signalling, driving neuronal death and disease progression. This signalling was triggered by excessive cytoplasmic congregation of the dsDNA and DNA sensor cGAS in neurons. Genetic ablation of cGAS or STING, digestion of neuronal cytosolic dsDNA by DNase, and repair of neuronal lysosomal dysfunction alleviated symptoms of Sandhoff disease, Fabry disease and Niemann-Pick disease, with substantially reduced neuronal loss. We therefore identify a ubiquitous mechanism mediating the pathogenesis of a variety of LSDs, unveil an inherent connection between lysosomal defects and innate immunity, and suggest a uniform strategy for curing LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailian Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Mei
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengduo Liu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Xiang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Fang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dante Neculai
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Thoracic Cancer, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cunqi Ye
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Institutes of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinran Li
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Chengyong Shen
- Department of Neurobiology of The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Pinglong Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Ma J, Hao Z, Zhang Y, Li L, Huang X, Wang Y, Chen L, Yang G, Li W. Physical Contacts Between Mitochondria and WPBs Participate in WPB Maturation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:108-123. [PMID: 37942609 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) are endothelial cell-specific cigar-shaped secretory organelles containing various biologically active molecules. WPBs play crucial roles in thrombosis, hemostasis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. The main content of WPBs is the procoagulant protein vWF (von Willebrand factor). Physical contacts and functional cross talk between mitochondria and other organelles have been demonstrated. Whether an interorganellar connection exists between mitochondria and WPBs is unknown. METHODS We observed physical contacts between mitochondria and WPBs in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by electron microscopy and living cell confocal microscopy. We developed an artificial intelligence-assisted method to quantify the duration and length of organelle contact sites in live cells. RESULTS We found there existed physical contacts between mitochondria and WPBs. Disruption of mitochondrial function affected the morphology of WPBs. Furthermore, we found that Rab3b, a small GTPase on the WPBs, was enriched at the mitochondrion-WPB contact sites. Rab3b deficiency reduced interaction between the two organelles and impaired the maturation of WPBs and vWF multimer secretion. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that Rab3b plays a crucial role in mediating the mitochondrion-WPB contacts, and that mitochondrion-WPB coupling is critical for the maturation of WPBs in vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, China (J.M., Z.H., W.L.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (J.M., Z.H., W.L.)
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, China (J.M., Z.H., W.L.)
| | - Zhenhua Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (J.M., Z.H., W.L.)
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, China (J.M., Z.H., W.L.)
| | - Yudong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation (Y.Z., G.Y.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (Y.Z., G.Y.)
| | - Liuju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, School of Future Technology (L.L., L.C.), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Huang
- Biomedical Engineering Department (X.H.), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (Y.W.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, School of Future Technology (L.L., L.C.), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Yang
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation (Y.Z., G.Y.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (Y.Z., G.Y.)
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, China (J.M., Z.H., W.L.)
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (J.M., Z.H., W.L.)
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, China (J.M., Z.H., W.L.)
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8
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Xu W, Ma X, Wang Q, Ye J, Wang N, Ye Z, Chen T. GCN5L1 regulates pulmonary surfactant production by modulating lamellar body biogenesis and trafficking in mouse alveolar epithelial cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:90. [PMID: 37936104 PMCID: PMC10631113 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pulmonary surfactant that lines the air-liquid surface within alveoli is a protein-lipid mixture essential for gas exchange. Surfactant lipids and proteins are synthesized and stored in the lamellar body (LB) before being secreted from alveolar type II (AT2) cells. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate these processes are incompletely understood. We previously identified an essential role of general control of amino acid synthesis 5 like 1 (GCN5L1) and the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelle complex 1 subunit 1 (BLOS1) in surfactant system development in zebrafish. Here, we explored the role of GCN5L1 in pulmonary surfactant regulation. METHOD GCN5L1 knockout cell lines were generated with the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Released surfactant proteins were measured by ELISA. Released surfactant lipids were measured based on coupled enzymatic reactions. Gene overexpression was mediated through lentivirus. The RNA levels were detected through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)- polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The protein levels were detected through western blotting. The cellular localization was analyzed by immunofluorescence. Morphology of the lamellar body was analyzed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Lysotracker staining, and BODIPY phosphatidylcholine labeling. RESULTS Knocking out GCN5L1 in MLE-12 significantly decreased the release of surfactant proteins and lipids. We detected the downregulation of some surfactant-related genes and misregulation of the ROS-Erk-Foxo1-Cebpα axis in mutant cells. Modulating the activity of the axis or reconstructing the mitochondrial expression of GCN5L1 could partially restore the expression of these surfactant-related genes. We further showed that MLE-12 cells contained many LB-like organelles that were lipid enriched and positive for multiple LB markers. These organelles were smaller in size and accumulated in the absence of GCN5L1, indicating both biogenesis and trafficking defects. Accumulated endogenous surfactant protein (SP)-B or exogenously expressed SP-B/SP-C in adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporterA3 (ABCA3)-positive organelles was detected in mutant cells. GCN5L1 localized to the mitochondria and LBs. Reconstruction of mitochondrial GCN5L1 expression rescued the organelle morphology but failed to restore the trafficking defect and surfactant release, indicating specific roles associated with different subcellular localizations. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study identified GCN5L1 as a new regulator of pulmonary surfactant that plays a role in the biogenesis and positioning/trafficking of surfactant-containing LBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Xu
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Medicine of Anhui Province, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaocui Ma
- Henan Clinical Research Center of Childhood Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Medicine of Anhui Province, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jingjing Ye
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Medicine of Anhui Province, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Nengqian Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Tianbing Chen
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Medicine of Anhui Province, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
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9
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Hajdú G, Somogyvári M, Csermely P, Sőti C. Lysosome-related organelles promote stress and immune responses in C. elegans. Commun Biol 2023; 6:936. [PMID: 37704756 PMCID: PMC10499889 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosome-related organelles (LROs) play diverse roles and their dysfunction causes immunodeficiency. However, their primordial functions remain unclear. Here, we report that C. elegans LROs (gut granules) promote organismal defenses against various stresses. We find that toxic benzaldehyde exposure induces LRO autofluorescence, stimulates the expression of LRO-specific genes and enhances LRO transport capacity as well as increases tolerance to benzaldehyde, heat and oxidative stresses, while these responses are impaired in glo-1/Rab32 and pgp-2 ABC transporter LRO biogenesis mutants. Benzaldehyde upregulates glo-1- and pgp-2-dependent expression of heat shock, detoxification and antimicrobial effector genes, which requires daf-16/FOXO and/or pmk-1/p38MAPK. Finally, benzaldehyde preconditioning increases resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 in a glo-1- and pgp-2-dependent manner, and PA14 infection leads to the deposition of fluorescent metabolites in LROs and induction of LRO genes. Our study suggests that LROs may play a role in systemic responses to stresses and in pathogen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Hajdú
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Milán Somogyvári
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Csermely
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Sőti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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10
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Myszor IT, Gudmundsson GH. Modulation of innate immunity in airway epithelium for host-directed therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1197908. [PMID: 37251385 PMCID: PMC10213533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1197908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity of the mucosal surfaces provides the first-line defense from invading pathogens and pollutants conferring protection from the external environment. Innate immune system of the airway epithelium consists of several components including the mucus layer, mucociliary clearance of beating cilia, production of host defense peptides, epithelial barrier integrity provided by tight and adherens junctions, pathogen recognition receptors, receptors for chemokines and cytokines, production of reactive oxygen species, and autophagy. Therefore, multiple components interplay with each other for efficient protection from pathogens that still can subvert host innate immune defenses. Hence, the modulation of innate immune responses with different inducers to boost host endogenous front-line defenses in the lung epithelium to fend off pathogens and to enhance epithelial innate immune responses in the immunocompromised individuals is of interest for host-directed therapy. Herein, we reviewed possibilities of modulation innate immune responses in the airway epithelium for host-directed therapy presenting an alternative approach to standard antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona T. Myszor
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Gudmundur Hrafn Gudmundsson
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Yang R, Zhu T, Xu J, Zhao Y, Kuang Y, Sun M, Chen Y, He W, Wang Z, Jiang T, Zhang H, Wei M. Organic Fluorescent Probes for Monitoring Micro-Environments in Living Cells and Tissues. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083455. [PMID: 37110689 PMCID: PMC10147038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a vital parameter in living cells and tissues, the micro-environment is crucial for the living organisms. Significantly, organelles require proper micro-environment to achieve normal physiological processes, and the micro-environment in organelles can reflect the state of organelles in living cells. Moreover, some abnormal micro-environments in organelles are closely related to organelle dysfunction and disease development. So, visualizing and monitoring the variation of micro-environments in organelles is helpful for physiologists and pathologists to study the mechanisms of the relative diseases. Recently, a large variety of fluorescent probes was developed to study the micro-environments in living cells and tissues. However, the systematic and comprehensive reviews on the organelle micro-environment in living cells and tissues have rarely been published, which may hinder the research progress in the field of organic fluorescent probes. In this review, we will summarize the organic fluorescent probes for monitoring the microenvironment, such as viscosity, pH values, polarity, and temperature. Further, diverse organelles (mitochondria, lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cell membrane) about microenvironments will be displayed. In this process, the fluorescent probes about the "off-on" and ratiometric category (the diverse fluorescence emission) will be discussed. Moreover, the molecular designing, chemical synthesis, fluorescent mechanism, and the bio-applications of these organic fluorescent probes in cells and tissues will also be discussed. Significantly, the merits and defects of current microenvironment-sensitive probes are outlined and discussed, and the development tendency and challenges for this kind of probe are presented. In brief, this review mainly summarizes some typical examples and highlights the progress of organic fluorescent probes for monitoring micro-environments in living cells and tissues in recent research. We anticipate that this review will deepen the understanding of microenvironment in cells and tissues and facilitate the studies and development of physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Jingyang Xu
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Yuang Zhao
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Yawei Kuang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Mengni Sun
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Zixing Wang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Tingwang Jiang
- Department of Key Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Changshu, the Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Huiguo Zhang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Mengmeng Wei
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
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12
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Zieger B, Boeckelmann D. Inherited Platelet Disorders: A Short Introduction. Hamostaseologie 2023; 43:52-59. [PMID: 36807820 DOI: 10.1055/a-1987-3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets play an important role regarding coagulation by contributing to thrombus formation by platelet adhesion, aggregation, and α-/δ-granule secretion. Inherited platelet disorders (IPDs) are a very heterogeneous group of disorders that are phenotypically and biochemically diverse. Platelet dysfunction (thrombocytopathy) can be accompanied by a reduction in the number of thrombocytes (thrombocytopenia). The extent of the bleeding tendency can vary greatly. Symptoms comprise mucocutaneous bleeding (petechiae, gastrointestinal bleeding and/or menorrhagia, epistaxis) and increased hematoma tendency. Life-threatening bleeding can occur after trauma or surgery. In the last years, next-generation sequencing had a great impact on unrevealing the underlying genetic cause of individual IPDs. Because IPDs are so diverse, a comprehensive analysis of platelet function and genetic testing is indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zieger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Doris Boeckelmann
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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13
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Amaral O, Martins M, Oliveira AR, Duarte AJ, Mondragão-Rodrigues I, Macedo MF. The Biology of Lysosomes: From Order to Disorder. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010213. [PMID: 36672721 PMCID: PMC9856021 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1955, the understanding of the lysosome has continuously increased. Once considered a mere waste removal system, the lysosome is now recognised as a highly crucial cellular component for signalling and energy metabolism. This notable evolution raises the need for a summarized review of the lysosome's biology. As such, throughout this article, we will be compiling the current knowledge regarding the lysosome's biogenesis and functions. The comprehension of this organelle's inner mechanisms is crucial to perceive how its impairment can give rise to lysosomal disease (LD). In this review, we highlight some examples of LD fine-tuned mechanisms that are already established, as well as others, which are still under investigation. Even though the understanding of the lysosome and its pathologies has expanded through the years, some of its intrinsic molecular aspects remain unknown. In order to illustrate the complexity of the lysosomal diseases we provide a few examples that have challenged the established single gene-single genetic disorder model. As such, we believe there is a strong need for further investigation of the exact abnormalities in the pathological pathways in lysosomal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Amaral
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Ricardo Jorge (INSA), 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA, ICETA), Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para Ciência Animal e Veterinária (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Martins
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agra do Crasto, Edifício 30, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agra do Crasto, Edifício 30, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Joana Duarte
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Ricardo Jorge (INSA), 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA, ICETA), Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para Ciência Animal e Veterinária (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Mondragão-Rodrigues
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agra do Crasto, Edifício 30, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CAGE, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Fátima Macedo
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agra do Crasto, Edifício 30, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CAGE, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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14
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Rice KL, Chan CM, Kelu JJ, Miller AL, Webb SE. A Role for Two-Pore Channel Type 2 (TPC2)-Mediated Regulation of Membrane Contact Sites During Zebrafish Notochord Biogenesis? CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2023; 6:25152564231211409. [PMID: 38028019 PMCID: PMC10658360 DOI: 10.1177/25152564231211409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that in the developing trunk of zebrafish embryos, two-pore channel type 2 (TPC2)-mediated Ca2+ release from endolysosomes plays a role in the formation of the skeletal slow muscle. In addition, TPC2-mediated Ca2+ signaling is required for axon extension and the establishment of synchronized activity in the primary motor neurons. Here, we report that TPC2 might also play a role in the development of the notochord of zebrafish embryos. For example, when tpcn2 was knocked down or out, increased numbers of small vacuoles were formed in the inner notochord cells, compared with the single large vacuole in the notochord of control embryos. This abnormal vacuolation was associated with embryos displaying attenuated body axis straightening. We also showed that TPC2 has a distinct pattern of localization in the notochord in embryos at ∼24 hpf. Finally, we conducted RNAseq to identify differentially expressed genes in tpcn2 mutants compared to wild-type controls, and found that those involved in actin filament severing, cellular component morphogenesis, Ca2+ binding, and structural constituent of cytoskeleton were downregulated in the mutants. Together, our data suggest that TPC2 activity plays a key role in notochord biogenesis in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keira L. Rice
- The Division of Life Science and Key State Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ching Man Chan
- The Division of Life Science and Key State Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jeffrey J. Kelu
- The Division of Life Science and Key State Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Andrew L. Miller
- The Division of Life Science and Key State Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sarah E. Webb
- The Division of Life Science and Key State Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, HKUST, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Beyers WC, Detry AM, Di Pietro SM. OCA7 is a melanosome membrane protein that defines pigmentation by regulating early stages of melanosome biogenesis. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102669. [PMID: 36334630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in C10orf11 (oculocutaneous albinism type 7 [OCA7]) cause OCA, a disorder that presents with hypopigmentation in skin, eyes, and hair. The OCA7 pathophysiology is unknown, and there is virtually no information on the OCA7 protein and its cellular function. Here, we discover that OCA7 localizes to the limiting membrane of melanosomes, the specialized pigment cell organelles where melanin is synthesized. We demonstrate that OCA7 is recruited through interaction with a canonical effector-binding surface of melanosome proteins Rab32 and Rab38. Using newly generated OCA7-KO MNT1 cells, we show OCA7 regulates overall melanin levels in a melanocyte autonomous manner by controlling melanosome maturation. Importantly, we found that OCA7 regulates premelanosome protein (PMEL) processing, impacting fibrillation and the striations that define transition from melanosome stage I to stage II. Furthermore, the melanosome lumen of OCA7-KO cells displays lower pH than control cells. Together, our results reveal that OCA7 regulates pigmentation through two well-established determinants of melanosome biogenesis and function, PMEL processing, and organelle pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyatt C Beyers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Anna M Detry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Santiago M Di Pietro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
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16
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Sung WJ, Kim D, Zhu A, Cho N, Yoo HM, Noh JH, Kim KM, Lee HS, Hong J. The lysosome as a novel therapeutic target of EGFR-mediated tumor inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1050758. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1050758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR-mediated tumors have been targeted to overcome several different malignant cancers. EGFR overexpression and mutations are directly related to the malignancy, which makes the therapy more complicated. One reason for the malignancy is the induction of AP1 followed by inflammation via IL-6 secretion. Current therapeutic strategies to overcome EGFR-mediated tumors are tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies, and the combination of these two agents with classic chemotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Although the strategies are straightforward and have shown promising efficacy in several studies, there are still hurdles to overcoming the adverse effects and limited efficacy. This study reviews the current therapeutic strategies to target EGFR family members, how they work, and their effects and limitations. We also suggest developing novel strategies to target EGFR-mediated tumors in a novel approach. A lysosome is the main custodial staff to discard unwanted amounts of EGFR and other receptor tyrosine kinase molecules. Targeting this organelle may be a new approach to overcoming EGFR-mediated cancers.
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17
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The retinal pigmentation pathway in human albinism: Not so black and white. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 91:101091. [PMID: 35729001 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Albinism is a pigment disorder affecting eye, skin and/or hair. Patients usually have decreased melanin in affected tissues and suffer from severe visual abnormalities, including foveal hypoplasia and chiasmal misrouting. Combining our data with those of the literature, we propose a single functional genetic retinal signalling pathway that includes all 22 currently known human albinism disease genes. We hypothesise that defects affecting the genesis or function of different intra-cellular organelles, including melanosomes, cause syndromic forms of albinism (Hermansky-Pudlak (HPS) and Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS)). We put forward that specific melanosome impairments cause different forms of oculocutaneous albinism (OCA1-8). Further, we incorporate GPR143 that has been implicated in ocular albinism (OA1), characterised by a phenotype limited to the eye. Finally, we include the SLC38A8-associated disorder FHONDA that causes an even more restricted "albinism-related" ocular phenotype with foveal hypoplasia and chiasmal misrouting but without pigmentation defects. We propose the following retinal pigmentation pathway, with increasingly specific genetic and cellular defects causing an increasingly specific ocular phenotype: (HPS1-11/CHS: syndromic forms of albinism)-(OCA1-8: OCA)-(GPR143: OA1)-(SLC38A8: FHONDA). Beyond disease genes involvement, we also evaluate a range of (candidate) regulatory and signalling mechanisms affecting the activity of the pathway in retinal development, retinal pigmentation and albinism. We further suggest that the proposed pigmentation pathway is also involved in other retinal disorders, such as age-related macular degeneration. The hypotheses put forward in this report provide a framework for further systematic studies in albinism and melanin pigmentation disorders.
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18
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Nakanishi-Matsui M, Matsumoto N. V-ATPase a3 Subunit in Secretory Lysosome Trafficking in Osteoclasts. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1426-1431. [PMID: 36184499 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase) shares its structure and rotational catalysis with F-type ATPase (F-ATPase, ATP synthase). However, unlike subunits of F-ATPase, those of V-ATPase have tissue- and/or organelle-specific isoforms. Structural diversity of V-ATPase generated by different combinations of subunit isoforms enables it to play diverse physiological roles in mammalian cells. Among these various roles, this review focuses on the functions of lysosome-specific V-ATPase in bone resorption by osteoclasts. Lysosomes remain in the cytoplasm in most cell types, but in osteoclasts, secretory lysosomes move toward and fuse with the plasma membrane to secrete lysosomal enzymes, which is essential for bone resorption. Through this process, lysosomal V-ATPase harboring the a3 isoform of the a subunit is relocated to the plasma membrane, where it transports protons from the cytosol to the cell exterior to generate the acidic extracellular conditions required for secreted lysosomal enzymes. In addition to this role as a proton pump, we recently found that the lysosomal a3 subunit of V-ATPase is essential for anterograde trafficking of secretory lysosomes. Specifically, a3 interacts with Rab7, a member of the Rab guanosine 5'-triphosphatase (GTPase) family that regulates organelle trafficking, and recruits it to the lysosomal membrane. These findings revealed the multifunctionality of lysosomal V-ATPase in osteoclasts; V-ATPase is responsible not only for the formation of the acidic environment by transporting protons, but also for intracellular trafficking of secretory lysosomes by recruiting organelle trafficking factors. Herein, we summarize the molecular mechanism underlying secretory lysosome trafficking in osteoclasts, and discuss the possible regulatory role of V-ATPase in organelle trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naomi Matsumoto
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University
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19
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Kizhina A, Pechorina E, Mikheeva V. Effect of vitamin C supplementation on some leukocyte parameters in American mink (Neovison vison) with abnormal granulogenesis. Tissue Cell 2022; 77:101870. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Imani J, Bodine SPM, Lamattina AM, Ma DD, Shrestha S, Maynard DM, Bishop K, Nwokeji A, Malicdan MCV, Testa LC, Sood R, Stump B, Rosas IO, Perrella MA, Handin R, Young LR, Gochuico BR, El-Chemaly S. Dysregulated myosin in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome lung fibroblasts is associated with increased cell motility. Respir Res 2022; 23:167. [PMID: 35739508 PMCID: PMC9229912 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02083-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by improper biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LROs). Lung fibrosis is the leading cause of death among adults with HPS-1 and HPS-4 genetic types, which are associated with defects in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-3 (BLOC-3), a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for a small GTPase, Rab32. LROs are not ubiquitously present in all cell types, and specific cells utilize LROs to accomplish dedicated functions. Fibroblasts are not known to contain LROs, and the function of BLOC-3 in fibroblasts is unclear. Here, we report that lung fibroblasts isolated from patients with HPS-1 have increased migration capacity. Silencing HPS-1 in normal lung fibroblasts similarly leads to increased migration. We also show that the increased migration is driven by elevated levels of Myosin IIB. Silencing HPS1 or RAB32 in normal lung fibroblasts leads to increased MYOSIN IIB levels. MYOSIN IIB is downstream of p38-MAPK, which is a known target of angiotensin receptor signaling. Treatment with losartan, an angiotensin receptor inhibitor, decreases MYOSIN IIB levels and impedes HPS lung fibroblast migration in vitro. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of angiotensin receptor with losartan seemed to decrease migration of HPS lung fibroblasts in vivo in a zebrafish xenotransplantation model. Taken together, we demonstrate that BLOC-3 plays an important role in MYOSIN IIB regulation within lung fibroblasts and contributes to fibroblast migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jewel Imani
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Anthony M Lamattina
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Diane D Ma
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shikshya Shrestha
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dawn M Maynard
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kevin Bishop
- Zebrafish Core Facility, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Arinze Nwokeji
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lauren C Testa
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Raman Sood
- Zebrafish Core Facility, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Benjamin Stump
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ivan O Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mark A Perrella
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Robert Handin
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lisa R Young
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perlman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Souheil El-Chemaly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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21
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Caux M, Mansour R, Xuereb JM, Chicanne G, Viaud J, Vauclard A, Boal F, Payrastre B, Tronchère H, Severin S. PIKfyve-Dependent Phosphoinositide Dynamics in Megakaryocyte/Platelet Granule Integrity and Platelet Functions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:987-1004. [PMID: 35708031 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secretory granules are key elements for platelet functions. Their biogenesis and integrity are regulated by fine-tuned mechanisms that need to be fully characterized. Here, we investigated the role of the phosphoinositide 5-kinase PIKfyve and its lipid products, PtdIns5P (phosphatidylinositol 5 monophosphate) and PtdIns(3,5)P2 (phosphatidylinositol (3,5) bisphosphate) in granule homeostasis in megakaryocytes and platelets. METHODS For that, we invalidated PIKfyve by pharmacological inhibition or gene silencing in megakaryocytic cell models (human MEG-01 cell line, human imMKCLs, mouse primary megakaryocytes) and in human platelets. RESULTS We unveiled that PIKfyve expression and its lipid product levels increased with megakaryocytic maturation. In megakaryocytes, PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2 were found in alpha and dense granule membranes with higher levels in dense granules. Pharmacological inhibition or knock-down of PIKfyve in megakaryocytes decreased PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2 synthesis and induced a vacuolar phenotype with a loss of alpha and dense granule identity. Permeant PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2 and the cation channel TRPML1 (transient receptor potential mucolipins) and TPC2 activation were able to accelerate alpha and dense granule integrity recovery following release of PIKfyve pharmacological inhibition. In platelets, PIKfyve inhibition specifically impaired the integrity of dense granules culminating in defects in their secretion, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrated that PIKfyve and its lipid products PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2 control granule integrity both in megakaryocytes and platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuella Caux
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.)
| | - Rana Mansour
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.)
| | - Jean-Marie Xuereb
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.)
| | - Gaëtan Chicanne
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.)
| | - Julien Viaud
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.)
| | - Alicia Vauclard
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.)
| | - Frédéric Boal
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.)
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.).,CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France (B.P.)
| | - Hélène Tronchère
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.)
| | - Sonia Severin
- INSERM U1297, I2MC and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (M.C., R.M., J.-M.X., G.C., J.V., A.V., F.B., B.P., H.T., S.S.)
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22
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Ambur AB, Nyckowski TA. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. J Osteopath Med 2022; 122:601-602. [PMID: 35670551 DOI: 10.1515/jom-2022-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Austin B Ambur
- KCU-GME Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery, Oviedo, FL, USA
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23
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Cavounidis A, Pandey S, Capitani M, Friedrich M, Cross A, Gartner L, Aschenbrenner D, Kim-Schulze S, Lam YK, Berridge G, McGovern DPB, Kessler B, Fischer R, Klenerman P, Hester J, Issa F, Torres EA, Powrie F, Gochuico BR, Gahl WA, Cohen L, Uhlig HH. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 1 causes impaired anti-microbial immunity and inflammation due to dysregulated immunometabolism. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:1431-1446. [PMID: 36302964 PMCID: PMC9607658 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) types 1 and 4 are caused by defective vesicle trafficking. The mechanism for Crohn's disease-like inflammation, lung fibrosis, and macrophage lipid accumulation in these patients remains enigmatic. The aim of this study is to understand the cellular basis of inflammation in HPS-1. We performed mass cytometry, proteomic and transcriptomic analyses to investigate peripheral blood cells and serum of HPS-1 patients. Using spatial transcriptomics, granuloma-associated signatures in the tissue of an HPS-1 patient with granulomatous colitis were dissected. In vitro studies were conducted to investigate anti-microbial responses of HPS-1 patient macrophages and cell lines. Monocytes of HPS-1 patients exhibit an inflammatory phenotype associated with dysregulated TNF, IL-1α, OSM in serum, and monocyte-derived macrophages. Inflammatory macrophages accumulate in the intestine and granuloma-associated macrophages in HPS-1 show transcriptional signatures suggestive of a lipid storage and metabolic defect. We show that HPS1 deficiency leads to an altered metabolic program and Rab32-dependent amplified mTOR signaling, facilitated by the accumulation of mTOR on lysosomes. This pathogenic mechanism translates into aberrant bacterial clearance, which can be rescued with mTORC1 inhibition. Rab32-mediated mTOR signaling acts as an immuno-metabolic checkpoint, adding to the evidence that defective bioenergetics can drive hampered anti-microbial activity and contribute to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Cavounidis
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- GSK, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Sumeet Pandey
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- GSK Immunology Network, GSK Medicines Research Center, Stevenage, UK
| | - Melania Capitani
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- SenTcell Ltd, London, UK
| | - Matthias Friedrich
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amy Cross
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lisa Gartner
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dominik Aschenbrenner
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Seunghee Kim-Schulze
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Ka Lam
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Georgina Berridge
- Target Discovery Institute, Center for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dermot P B McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benedikt Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Center for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Center for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joanna Hester
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fadi Issa
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Esther A Torres
- University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Fiona Powrie
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Louis Cohen
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
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24
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Matsumoto N, Sekiya M, Sun-Wada GH, Wada Y, Nakanishi-Matsui M. The lysosomal V-ATPase a3 subunit is involved in localization of Mon1-Ccz1, the GEF for Rab7, to secretory lysosomes in osteoclasts. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8455. [PMID: 35589873 PMCID: PMC9120031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12397-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have shown previously that the lysosomal a3 isoform of the a subunit of vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase) interacts with inactive (GDP-bound form) Rab7, a small GTPase that regulates late endosome/lysosome trafficking, and that a3 recruits Rab7 to secretory lysosomes in mouse osteoclasts. This is essential for outward trafficking of secretory lysosomes and thus for bone resorption. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the recruitment of Rab7 by a3 remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we showed that a3 interacts with the Mon1A-Ccz1 complex, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab7, using HEK293T cells. The interaction was mediated by the amino-terminal half domain of a3 and the longin motifs of Mon1A and Ccz1. Exogenous expression of the GEF promoted the interaction between a3 and Rab7. Mon1A mutants that interact inefficiently with Rab7 interacted with a3 at a similar level to wild-type Mon1A. Lysosomal localization of endogenous Ccz1 was abolished in osteoclasts lacking a3. These results suggest that the lysosomal a3 isoform of V-ATPase interacts with Mon1A-Ccz1, and that a3 is important for Mon1A-Ccz1 localization to secretory lysosomes, which mediates Rab7 recruitment to the organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Matsumoto
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1-1-1, Shiwa, Yahaba, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Mizuki Sekiya
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1-1-1, Shiwa, Yahaba, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Ge-Hong Sun-Wada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan
| | - Yoh Wada
- Division of Biological Sciences, Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nakanishi-Matsui
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1-1-1, Shiwa, Yahaba, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan.
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25
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Russo S, Scotto di Carlo F, Gianfrancesco F. The Osteoclast Traces the Route to Bone Tumors and Metastases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:886305. [PMID: 35646939 PMCID: PMC9139841 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.886305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are highly specialized cells of the bone, with a unique apparatus responsible for resorption in the process of bone remodeling. They are derived from differentiation and fusion of hematopoietic precursors, committed to form mature osteoclasts in response to finely regulated stimuli produced by bone marrow–derived cells belonging to the stromal lineage. Despite a highly specific function confined to bone degradation, emerging evidence supports their relevant implication in bone tumors and metastases. In this review, we summarize the physiological role of osteoclasts and then focus our attention on their involvement in skeletal tumors, both primary and metastatic. We highlight how osteoclast-mediated bone erosion confers increased aggressiveness to primary tumors, even those with benign features. We also outline how breast and pancreas cancer cells promote osteoclastogenesis to fuel their metastatic process to the bone. Furthermore, we emphasize the role of osteoclasts in reactivating dormant cancer cells within the bone marrow niches for manifestation of overt metastases, even decades after homing of latent disseminated cells. Finally, we point out the importance of counteracting tumor progression and dissemination through pharmacological treatments based on a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying osteoclast lytic activity and their recruitment from cancer cells.
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26
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Abudi-Sinreich S, Bodine SP, Yokoyama T, Tolman NJ, Tyrlik M, Testa LC, Han CG, Dorward HM, Wincovitch SM, Anikster Y, Gahl WA, Cinar R, Gochuico BR, Malicdan MCV. Progressive pulmonary fibrosis in a murine model of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Respir Res 2022; 23:112. [PMID: 35509004 PMCID: PMC9066931 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02002-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HPS-1 is a genetic type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) with highly penetrant pulmonary fibrosis (HPSPF), a restrictive lung disease that is similar to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Hps1ep/ep (pale ear) is a naturally occurring HPS-1 mouse model that exhibits high sensitivity to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Traditional methods of administering bleomycin as an intratracheal (IT) route to induce PF in this model often lead to severe acute lung injury and high mortality rates, complicating studies focusing on pathobiological mechanisms or exploration of therapeutic options for HPSPF. METHODS To develop a murine model of HPSPF that closely mimics the progression of human pulmonary fibrosis, we investigated the pulmonary effects of systemic delivery of bleomycin in Hps1ep/ep mice using a subcutaneous minipump and compared results to oropharyngeal delivery of bleomycin. RESULTS Our study revealed that systemic delivery of bleomycin induced limited, acute inflammation that resolved. The distinct inflammatory phase preceded a slow, gradually progressive fibrogenesis that was shown to be both time-dependent and dose-dependent. The fibrosis phase exhibited characteristics that better resembles human disease with focal regions of fibrosis that were predominantly found in peribronchovascular areas and in subpleural regions; central lung areas contained relatively less fibrosis. CONCLUSION This model provides a preclinical tool that will allow researchers to study the mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis in HPS and provide a platform for the development of therapeutics to treat HPSPF. This method can be applied on studies of IPF or other monogenic disorders that lead to pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shachar Abudi-Sinreich
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Steven P Bodine
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tadafumi Yokoyama
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nathanial J Tolman
- UDP Translational Laboratory, NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michal Tyrlik
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lauren C Testa
- UDP Translational Laboratory, NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chen G Han
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Heidi M Dorward
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Stephen M Wincovitch
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) Cytogenetics and Microscopy Core, National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yair Anikster
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - William A Gahl
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,UDP Translational Laboratory, NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institute of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Human Biochemical Genetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. .,UDP Translational Laboratory, NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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27
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Cognasse F, Duchez AC, Audoux E, Ebermeyer T, Arthaud CA, Prier A, Eyraud MA, Mismetti P, Garraud O, Bertoletti L, Hamzeh-Cognasse H. Platelets as Key Factors in Inflammation: Focus on CD40L/CD40. Front Immunol 2022; 13:825892. [PMID: 35185916 PMCID: PMC8850464 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.825892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate cytoplasmic fragments derived from the fragmentation of medullary megakaryocytes. Activated platelets adhere to the damaged endothelium by means of glycoproteins on their surface, forming the platelet plug. Activated platelets can also secrete the contents of their granules, notably the growth factors contained in the α-granules, which are involved in platelet aggregation and maintain endothelial activation, but also contribute to vascular repair and angiogenesis. Platelets also have a major inflammatory and immune function in antibacterial defence, essentially through their Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) and Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectin (SIGLEC). Platelet activation also contributes to the extensive release of anti- or pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T Expressed and Secreted) or CD154, also known as the CD40-ligand. Platelets are involved in the direct activation of immune cells, polynuclear neutrophils (PNNs) and dendritic cells via the CD40L/CD40 complex. As a general rule, all of the studies presented in this review show that platelets are capable of covering most of the stages of inflammation, primarily through the CD40L/CD40 interaction, thus confirming their own role in this pathophysiological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Cognasse
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Anne Claire Duchez
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Estelle Audoux
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Theo Ebermeyer
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Charles Antoine Arthaud
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Amelie Prier
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marie Ange Eyraud
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Patrick Mismetti
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France.,Vascular and Therapeutic Medicine Department, Saint-Etienne University Hospital Center, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Olivier Garraud
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laurent Bertoletti
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM, U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France.,Vascular and Therapeutic Medicine Department, Saint-Etienne University Hospital Center, Saint-Etienne, France
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28
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Bourguignon A, Tasneem S, Hayward CP. Screening and diagnosis of inherited platelet disorders. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2022; 59:405-444. [PMID: 35341454 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2022.2049199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inherited platelet disorders are important conditions that often manifest with bleeding. These disorders have heterogeneous underlying pathologies. Some are syndromic disorders with non-blood phenotypic features, and others are associated with an increased predisposition to developing myelodysplasia and leukemia. Platelet disorders can present with thrombocytopenia, defects in platelet function, or both. As the underlying pathogenesis of inherited thrombocytopenias and platelet function disorders are quite diverse, their evaluation requires a thorough clinical assessment and specialized diagnostic tests, that often challenge diagnostic laboratories. At present, many of the commonly encountered, non-syndromic platelet disorders do not have a defined molecular cause. Nonetheless, significant progress has been made over the past few decades to improve the diagnostic evaluation of inherited platelet disorders, from the assessment of the bleeding history to improved standardization of light transmission aggregometry, which remains a "gold standard" test of platelet function. Some platelet disorder test findings are highly predictive of a bleeding disorder and some show association to symptoms of prolonged bleeding, surgical bleeding, and wound healing problems. Multiple assays can be required to diagnose common and rare platelet disorders, each requiring control of preanalytical, analytical, and post-analytical variables. The laboratory investigations of platelet disorders include evaluations of platelet counts, size, and morphology by light microscopy; assessments for aggregation defects; tests for dense granule deficiency; analyses of granule constituents and their release; platelet protein analysis by immunofluorescent staining or flow cytometry; tests of platelet procoagulant function; evaluations of platelet ultrastructure; high-throughput sequencing and other molecular diagnostic tests. The focus of this article is to review current methods for the diagnostic assessment of platelet function, with a focus on contemporary, best diagnostic laboratory practices, and relationships between clinical and laboratory findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Bourguignon
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Subia Tasneem
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Catherine P Hayward
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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29
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Bouhamdani N, Comeau D, Turcotte S. A Compendium of Information on the Lysosome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:798262. [PMID: 34977038 PMCID: PMC8714965 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.798262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, lysosomes were considered as mere waste bags for cellular constituents. Thankfully, studies carried out in the past 15 years were brimming with elegant and crucial breakthroughs in lysosome research, uncovering their complex roles as nutrient sensors and characterizing them as crucial multifaceted signaling organelles. This review presents the scientific knowledge on lysosome physiology and functions, starting with their discovery and reviewing up to date ground-breaking discoveries highlighting their heterogeneous functions as well as pending questions that remain to be answered. We also review the roles of lysosomes in anti-cancer drug resistance and how they undergo a series of molecular and functional changes during malignant transformation which lead to tumor aggression, angiogenesis, and metastases. Finally, we discuss the strategy of targeting lysosomes in cancer which could lead to the development of new and effective targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bouhamdani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Dr. Georges-L. Dumont University Hospital Centre, Clinical Research Sector, Vitalité Health Network, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Dominique Comeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Sandra Turcotte
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
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30
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Dietl P, Frick M. Channels and Transporters of the Pulmonary Lamellar Body in Health and Disease. Cells 2021; 11:45. [PMID: 35011607 PMCID: PMC8750383 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lamellar body (LB) of the alveolar type II (ATII) cell is a lysosome-related organelle (LRO) that contains surfactant, a complex mix of mainly lipids and specific surfactant proteins. The major function of surfactant in the lung is the reduction of surface tension and stabilization of alveoli during respiration. Its lack or deficiency may cause various forms of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Surfactant is also part of the innate immune system in the lung, defending the organism against air-borne pathogens. The limiting (organelle) membrane that encloses the LB contains various transporters that are in part responsible for translocating lipids and other organic material into the LB. On the other hand, this membrane contains ion transporters and channels that maintain a specific internal ion composition including the acidic pH of about 5. Furthermore, P2X4 receptors, ligand gated ion channels of the danger signal ATP, are expressed in the limiting LB membrane. They play a role in boosting surfactant secretion and fluid clearance. In this review, we discuss the functions of these transporting pathways of the LB, including possible roles in disease and as therapeutic targets, including viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dietl
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Manfred Frick
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Karim S, Saharti S, Alganmi N, Mirza Z, Alfares A, Turkistany S, Al-Attas M, Noureldin H, Al Sakkaf K, Abusamra H, Al-Qahtani M, Abuzenadah A. Two Novel Homozygous HPS6 Mutations (Double Mutant) Identified by Whole-Exome Sequencing in a Saudi Consanguineous Family Suspected for Oculocutaneous Albinism. Life (Basel) 2021; 12:life12010014. [PMID: 35054407 PMCID: PMC8779141 DOI: 10.3390/life12010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is an autosomal recessive disorder of low or missing pigmentation in the eyes, hair, and skin. Multiple types of OCA, including Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 6 (HPS6), are distinguished by their genetic cause and pigmentation pattern. HPS6 is characterized by OCA, nose bleeding due to platelet dysfunction, and lysosome storage defect. To date, 25 disease-associated mutations have been reported in the HPS6 gene. Methods: DNA was extracted from proband, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq platform. Bioinformatic analysis was done with a custom-designed filter pipeline to detect the causative variant. We did Sanger sequencing to confirm the candidate variant and segregation analysis, and protein-based structural analysis to evaluate the functional impact of variants. Result: Proband-based WES identified two novel homozygous mutations in HPS6 (double mutation, c.1136C>A and c.1789delG) in an OCA suspect. Sanger sequencing confirmed the WES results. Although no platelet and/or lysosome storage defect was detected in the patient or family, an oculocutaneous albinism diagnosis was established based on the HPS6 mutations. Structural analysis revealed the transformation of abnormalities at protein level for both nonsense and frameshift mutations in HPS6. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the double mutation in HPS6 (p.Ser379Ter and p.Ala597GlnfsTer16) represents novel pathogenic variants, not described previously, which we report for the first time in the Saudi family. In silico analyses showed a significant impact on protein structure. WES should be used to identify HPS6 and/or other disease-associated genetic variants in Saudi Arabia, particularly in consanguineous families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Karim
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-Q.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-557581741
| | - Samah Saharti
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nofe Alganmi
- Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zeenat Mirza
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alfares
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shereen Turkistany
- Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Manal Al-Attas
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Hend Noureldin
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Khadega Al Sakkaf
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Heba Abusamra
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-Q.); (A.A.)
| | - Adel Abuzenadah
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-Q.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
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32
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Absence of dense platelet granules and ceroid-laden macrophages: Investigating the diversity of clinical presentations in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. HUMAN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ehpc.2021.200535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Mahanty S, Setty SRG. Epidermal Lamellar Body Biogenesis: Insight Into the Roles of Golgi and Lysosomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:701950. [PMID: 34458262 PMCID: PMC8387949 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.701950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal lamellar bodies (eLBs) are secretory organelles that carry a wide variety of secretory cargo required for skin homeostasis. eLBs belong to the class of lysosome-related organelles (LROs), which are cell-type-specific organelles that perform diverse functions. The formation of eLBs is thought to be related to that of other LROs, which are formed either through the gradual maturation of Golgi/endosomal precursors or by the conversion of conventional lysosomes. Current evidence suggests that eLB biogenesis presumably initiate from trans-Golgi network and receive cargo from endosomes, and also acquire lysosome characteristics during maturation. These multistep biogenesis processes are frequently disrupted in human skin disorders. However, many gaps remain in our understanding of eLB biogenesis and their relationship to skin diseases. Here, we describe our current understanding on eLB biogenesis with a focus on cargo transport to this LRO and highlight key areas where future research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Mahanty
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Subba Rao Gangi Setty
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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34
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LRRK2 plays essential roles in maintaining lung homeostasis and preventing the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2106685118. [PMID: 34446559 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106685118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Perturbation of lung homeostasis is frequently associated with progressive and fatal respiratory diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is highly expressed in healthy lungs, but its functions in lung homeostasis and diseases remain elusive. Herein, we showed that LRRK2 expression was clearly reduced in mammalian fibrotic lungs, and LRRK2-deficient mice exhibited aggravated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that in bleomycin-treated mice, LRRK2 expression was dramatically decreased in alveolar type II epithelial (AT2) cells, and its deficiency resulted in profound dysfunction of AT2 cells, characterized by impaired autophagy and accelerated cellular senescence. Additionally, LRRK2-deficient AT2 cells showed a higher capacity of recruiting profibrotic macrophages via the CCL2/CCR2 signaling, leading to extensive macrophage-associated profibrotic responses and progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Taken together, our study demonstrates that LRRK2 plays a crucial role in preventing AT2 cell dysfunction and orchestrating the innate immune responses to protect against pulmonary fibrosis.
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35
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Sanderson LE, Lanko K, Alsagob M, Almass R, Al-Ahmadi N, Najafi M, Al-Muhaizea MA, Alzaidan H, AlDhalaan H, Perenthaler E, van der Linde HC, Nikoncuk A, Kühn NA, Antony D, Owaidah TM, Raskin S, Vieira LGDR, Mombach R, Ahangari N, Silveira TRD, Ameziane N, Rolfs A, Alharbi A, Sabbagh RM, AlAhmadi K, Alawam B, Ghebeh H, AlHargan A, Albader AA, Binhumaid FS, Goljan E, Monies D, Mustafa OM, Aldosary M, AlBakheet A, Alyounes B, Almutairi F, Al-Odaib A, Aksoy DB, Basak AN, Palvadeau R, Trabzuni D, Rosenfeld JA, Karimiani EG, Meyer BF, Karakas B, Al-Mohanna F, Arold ST, Colak D, Maroofian R, Houlden H, Bertoli-Avella AM, Schmidts M, Barakat TS, van Ham TJ, Kaya N. Bi-allelic variants in HOPS complex subunit VPS41 cause cerebellar ataxia and abnormal membrane trafficking. Brain 2021; 144:769-780. [PMID: 33764426 PMCID: PMC8041041 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane trafficking is a complex, essential process in eukaryotic cells responsible for protein transport and processing. Deficiencies in vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) proteins, key regulators of trafficking, cause abnormal intracellular segregation of macromolecules and organelles and are linked to human disease. VPS proteins function as part of complexes such as the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) tethering complex, composed of VPS11, VPS16, VPS18, VPS33A, VPS39 and VPS41. The HOPS-specific subunit VPS41 has been reported to promote viability of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease but to date has not been linked to human disease. Here, we describe five unrelated families with nine affected individuals, all carrying homozygous variants in VPS41 that we show impact protein function. All affected individuals presented with a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder consisting of cognitive impairment, cerebellar atrophy/hypoplasia, motor dysfunction with ataxia and dystonia, and nystagmus. Zebrafish disease modelling supports the involvement of VPS41 dysfunction in the disorder, indicating lysosomal dysregulation throughout the brain and providing support for cerebellar and microglial abnormalities when vps41 was mutated. This provides the first example of human disease linked to the HOPS-specific subunit VPS41 and suggests the importance of HOPS complex activity for cerebellar function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie E Sanderson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Lanko
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maysoon Alsagob
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,KACST-BWH/Harvard Centre of Excellence for Biomedicine, Joint Centers of Excellence Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan Almass
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Al-Ahmadi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biology, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Najafi
- Genome Research Division, Human Genetics Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | | | - Hamad Alzaidan
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham AlDhalaan
- Department of Neurosciences, KFSHRC, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Elena Perenthaler
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herma C van der Linde
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Nikoncuk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolas A Kühn
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dinu Antony
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Tarek Mustafa Owaidah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KFSHRC, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salmo Raskin
- Positivo University Medical School, Curitiba, Parana, 81280-330, Brazil
| | | | - Romulo Mombach
- Núcleo de Assistência Integral ao Paciente Especial, Prefeitura de Joinvile, Joinvile, Santa Catarina, 89202-450, Brazil
| | - Najmeh Ahangari
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 9177899191, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | - Arndt Rolfs
- CENTOGENE GmbH, 18055 Rostock.,Medical University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock
| | - Aljohara Alharbi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KFSHRC, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghda M Sabbagh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KFSHRC, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid AlAhmadi
- Department of Neurosciences, KFSHRC, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bashayer Alawam
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem Ghebeh
- Stem Cell and Tissue Re-engineering Program, KFSHRC, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aljouhra AlHargan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anoud A Albader
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal S Binhumaid
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ewa Goljan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dorota Monies
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M Mustafa
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazhor Aldosary
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Albandary AlBakheet
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Banan Alyounes
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faten Almutairi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al-Odaib
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Durdane Bekar Aksoy
- Gaziosmanpasa University, School of Medicine, Neurology Dept. Tokat, 8FJH+CW Tokat, Merkez/Tokat, Turkey
| | - A Nazli Basak
- Koc University, School of Medicine, Suna and Inan Kirac Foundation, NDAL- KUTTAM, Davutpasa cad. No.4, 34010, Zeytinburnu, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Robin Palvadeau
- Koc University, School of Medicine, Suna and Inan Kirac Foundation, NDAL- KUTTAM, Davutpasa cad. No.4, 34010, Zeytinburnu, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Daniah Trabzuni
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, and Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK.,Innovative Medical Research Center, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, 9G58 + 69 Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, 11211, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bedri Karakas
- Department of Molecular Oncology, KFSHRC, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Futwan Al-Mohanna
- Department of Cell Biology, KFSHRC, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefan T Arold
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Dilek Colak
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing, KFSHRC, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | | | - Miriam Schmidts
- Genome Research Division, Human Genetics Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Tahsin Stefan Barakat
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tjakko J van Ham
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Namik Kaya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, 11211, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Chakraborty K, Anees P, Surana S, Martin S, Aburas J, Moutel S, Perez F, Koushika SP, Kratsios P, Krishnan Y. Tissue-specific targeting of DNA nanodevices in a multicellular living organism. eLife 2021; 10:67830. [PMID: 34318748 PMCID: PMC8360651 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid nanodevices present great potential as agents for logic-based therapeutic intervention as well as in basic biology. Often, however, the disease targets that need corrective action are localized in specific organs, and thus realizing the full potential of DNA nanodevices also requires ways to target them to specific cell types in vivo. Here, we show that by exploiting either endogenous or synthetic receptor-ligand interactions and leveraging the biological barriers presented by the organism, we can target extraneously introduced DNA nanodevices to specific cell types in Caenorhabditis elegans, with subcellular precision. The amenability of DNA nanostructures to tissue-specific targeting in vivo significantly expands their utility in biomedical applications and discovery biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Palapuravan Anees
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Sunaina Surana
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Simona Martin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Jihad Aburas
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Sandrine Moutel
- Recombinant Antibody Platform (TAb-IP), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France.,Cell Biology and Cancer Unit, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Franck Perez
- Cell Biology and Cancer Unit, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Sandhya P Koushika
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Paschalis Kratsios
- Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Yamuna Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
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37
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Xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1 regulates procoagulant platelet polyphosphate. Blood 2021; 137:1392-1405. [PMID: 32932519 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019004617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphosphate is a procoagulant inorganic polymer of linear-linked orthophosphate residues. Multiple investigations have established the importance of platelet polyphosphate in blood coagulation; however, the mechanistic details of polyphosphate homeostasis in mammalian species remain largely undefined. In this study, xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1 (XPR1) regulated polyphosphate in platelets and was implicated in thrombosis in vivo. We used bioinformatic analyses of omics data to identify XPR1 as a major phosphate transporter in platelets. XPR1 messenger RNA and protein expression inversely correlated with intracellular polyphosphate content and release. Pharmacological interference with XPR1 activity increased polyphosphate stores, led to enhanced platelet-driven coagulation, and amplified thrombus formation under flow via the polyphosphate/factor XII pathway. Conditional gene deletion of Xpr1 in platelets resulted in polyphosphate accumulation, accelerated arterial thrombosis, and augmented activated platelet-driven pulmonary embolism without increasing bleeding in mice. These data identify platelet XPR1 as an integral regulator of platelet polyphosphate metabolism and reveal a fundamental role for phosphate homeostasis in thrombosis.
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O'Brien KJ, Parisi X, Shelman NR, Merideth MA, Introne WJ, Heller T, Gahl WA, Malicdan MCV, Gochuico BR. Inflammatory bowel disease in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome: a retrospective single-centre cohort study. J Intern Med 2021; 290:129-140. [PMID: 33423334 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge about inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by defective biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles, could provide insights into IBD in general. OBJECTIVE To expand the understanding of IBD in patients with HPS. METHODS Retrospective review of records from patients with HPS evaluated at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center from 1995 to 2019 was conducted. Clinical features of IBD, genotyping results and histologic findings of colectomy specimens were analysed. RESULTS IBD affected 37 (14.2%; 12 male, 25 female) of 261 patients with HPS. Median age of onset was 17 years; range was 1 to 52 years. The most common symptoms of HPS IBD were hematochezia, abdominal pain and loose stools. Fistulae or extra-intestinal manifestations developed in 30% or 22%, respectively. Genotyping showed that patients with biallelic variants in HPS1, HPS3, HPS4 or HPS6 were diagnosed with IBD. Six children had very early-onset IBD. Patients with HPS-3 had mild manifestations of IBD. Medical therapy and bowel resection were utilized to treat 73% and 35% of patients with HPS IBD, respectively; 7 of 13 patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy had prolonged clinical responses. Active cryptitis, chronic inflammatory changes, granulomas and ceroid lipofuscinosis were histopathologic findings in three colectomy specimens. CONCLUSIONS IBD resembling Crohn's disease affects some patients with HPS; genetic heterogeneity is a feature of HPS IBD. HPS3 is a new gene associated with human IBD. Very early-onset IBD can develop in HPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J O'Brien
- From the, Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - X Parisi
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Medical Research Scholars Program, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N R Shelman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - M A Merideth
- From the, Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W J Introne
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - T Heller
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M C V Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B R Gochuico
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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39
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Cinar R, Park JK, Zawatsky CN, Coffey NJ, Bodine SP, Abdalla J, Yokoyama T, Jourdan T, Jay L, Zuo MXG, O'Brien KJ, Huang J, Mackie K, Alimardanov A, Iyer MR, Gahl WA, Kunos G, Gochuico BR, Malicdan MCV. CB 1 R and iNOS are distinct players promoting pulmonary fibrosis in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e471. [PMID: 34323400 PMCID: PMC8255071 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetic disorder which, in its most common and severe form, HPS-1, leads to fatal adult-onset pulmonary fibrosis (PF) with no effective treatment. We evaluated the role of the endocannabinoid/CB1 R system and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) for dual-target therapeutic strategy using human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung samples from patients with HPS and controls, HPS-PF patient-derived lung fibroblasts, and bleomycin-induced PF in pale ear mice (HPS1ep/ep ). We found overexpression of CB1 R and iNOS in fibrotic lungs of HPSPF patients and bleomycin-infused pale ear mice. The endocannabinoid anandamide was elevated in BALF and negatively correlated with pulmonary function parameters in HPSPF patients and pale ear mice with bleomycin-induced PF. Simultaneous targeting of CB1 R and iNOS by MRI-1867 yielded greater antifibrotic efficacy than inhibiting either target alone by attenuating critical pathologic pathways. Moreover, MRI-1867 treatment abrogated bleomycin-induced increases in lung levels of the profibrotic interleukin-11 via iNOS inhibition and reversed mitochondrial dysfunction via CB1 R inhibition. Dual inhibition of CB1 R and iNOS is an effective antifibrotic strategy for HPSPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resat Cinar
- Section on Fibrotic DisordersNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of HealthMarylandUSA
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Joshua K. Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Charles N. Zawatsky
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Nathan J. Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Steven P. Bodine
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Jasmina Abdalla
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Tadafumi Yokoyama
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- Present address:
Department of PediatricsKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
- Present address:
INSERM Lipids, Nutrition, Cancer UMR1231University of Burgundy and Franche‐ComtéDijonFrance
| | - Lindsey Jay
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Mei Xing G. Zuo
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Kevin J. O'Brien
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Junfeng Huang
- Therapeutics Development BranchDivision of Preclinical InnovationNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Asaf Alimardanov
- Therapeutics Development BranchDivision of Preclinical InnovationNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - William A. Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical DirectorNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Bernadette R. Gochuico
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - May Christine V. Malicdan
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical DirectorNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
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Karampini E, Bürgisser PE, Olins J, Mulder AA, Jost CR, Geerts D, Voorberg J, Bierings R. Sec22b determines Weibel-Palade body length by controlling anterograde ER-Golgi transport. Haematologica 2021; 106:1138-1147. [PMID: 32336681 PMCID: PMC8018124 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.242727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multimeric hemostatic protein that is synthesized in endothelial cells, where it is stored for secretion in elongated secretory organelles called Weibel-Palade bodies (WPB). The hemostatic activity of VWF is strongly related to the length of these bodies, but how endothelial cells control the dimensions of their WPB is unclear. In this study, using a targeted short hairpin RNA screen, we identified longin-SNARE Sec22b as a novel determinant of WPB size and VWF trafficking. We found that Sec22b depletion resulted in loss of the typically elongated WPB morphology together with disintegration of the Golgi and dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae. This was accompanied by reduced proteolytic processing of VWF, accumulation of VWF in the dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and reduced basal and stimulated VWF secretion. Our data demonstrate that the elongation of WPB, and thus adhesive activity of their cargo VWF, is determined by the rate of anterograde transport between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, which depends on Sec22b-containing SNARE complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Karampini
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Petra E Bürgisser
- Dept. of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny Olins
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Aat A Mulder
- Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carolina R Jost
- Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Geerts
- Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Voorberg
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben Bierings
- Dept. of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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41
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Yuan Y, Liu T, Huang X, Chen Y, Zhang W, Li T, Yang L, Chen Q, Wang Y, Wei A, Li W. A zinc transporter, transmembrane protein 163, is critical for the biogenesis of platelet dense granules. Blood 2021; 137:1804-1817. [PMID: 33513603 PMCID: PMC8020268 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosome-related organelles (LROs) are a category of secretory organelles enriched with ions such as calcium, which are maintained by ion transporters or channels. Homeostasis of these ions is important for LRO biogenesis and secretion. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a recessive disorder with defects in multiple LROs, typically platelet dense granules (DGs) and melanosomes. However, the underlying mechanism of DG deficiency is largely unknown. Using quantitative proteomics, we identified a previously unreported platelet zinc transporter, transmembrane protein 163 (TMEM163), which was significantly reduced in BLOC-1 (Dtnbp1sdy and Pldnpa)-, BLOC-2 (Hps6ru)-, or AP-3 (Ap3b1pe)-deficient mice and HPS patients (HPS2, HPS3, HPS5, HPS6, or HPS9). We observed similar platelet DG defects and higher intracellular zinc accumulation in platelets of mice deficient in either TMEM163 or dysbindin (a BLOC-1 subunit). In addition, we discovered that BLOC-1 was required for the trafficking of TMEM163 to perinuclear DG and late endosome marker-positive compartments (likely DG precursors) in MEG-01 cells. Our results suggest that TMEM163 is critical for DG biogenesis and that BLOC-1 is required for the trafficking of TMEM163 to putative DG precursors. These new findings suggest that loss of TMEM163 function results in disruption of intracellular zinc homeostasis and provide insights into the pathogenesis of HPS or platelet storage pool deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefeng Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects/Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center/National Center for Children's Health, and Beijing Children's Hospital/Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Teng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Shunyi Women and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiahe Huang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanying Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects/Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center/National Center for Children's Health, and Beijing Children's Hospital/Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weilin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Ting Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects/Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center/National Center for Children's Health, and Beijing Children's Hospital/Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Shunyi Women and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
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42
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Prospective Study of the Phenotypic and Mutational Spectrum of Ocular Albinism and Oculocutaneous Albinism. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040508. [PMID: 33808351 PMCID: PMC8065601 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Albinism encompasses a group of hereditary disorders characterized by reduced or absent ocular pigment and variable skin and/or hair involvement, with syndromic forms such as Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome and Chédiak-Higashi syndrome. Autosomal recessive oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is phenotypically and genetically heterogenous (associated with seven genes). X-linked ocular albinism (OA) is associated with only one gene, GPR143. We report the clinical and genetic outcomes of 44 patients, from 40 unrelated families of diverse ethnicities, with query albinism presenting to the ocular genetics service at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust between November 2017 and October 2019. Thirty-six were children (≤ 16 years) with a median age of 31 months (range 2-186), and eight adults with a median age of 33 years (range 17-39); 52.3% (n = 23) were male. Genetic testing using whole genome sequencing (WGS, n = 9) or a targeted gene panel (n = 31) gave an overall diagnostic rate of 42.5% (44.4% (4/9) with WGS and 41.9% (13/31) with panel testing). Seventeen families had confirmed mutations in TYR (n = 9), OCA2, (n = 4), HPS1 (n = 1), HPS3 (n = 1), HPS6 (n = 1), and GPR143 (n = 1). Molecular diagnosis of albinism remains challenging due to factors such as missing heritability. Differential diagnoses must include SLC38A8-associated foveal hypoplasia and syndromic forms of albinism.
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43
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Rigon L, De Filippis C, Napoli B, Tomanin R, Orso G. Exploiting the Potential of Drosophila Models in Lysosomal Storage Disorders: Pathological Mechanisms and Drug Discovery. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030268. [PMID: 33800050 PMCID: PMC8000850 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) represent a complex and heterogeneous group of rare genetic diseases due to mutations in genes coding for lysosomal enzymes, membrane proteins or transporters. This leads to the accumulation of undegraded materials within lysosomes and a broad range of severe clinical features, often including the impairment of central nervous system (CNS). When available, enzyme replacement therapy slows the disease progression although it is not curative; also, most recombinant enzymes cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, leaving the CNS untreated. The inefficient degradative capability of the lysosomes has a negative impact on the flux through the endolysosomal and autophagic pathways; therefore, dysregulation of these pathways is increasingly emerging as a relevant disease mechanism in LSDs. In the last twenty years, different LSD Drosophila models have been generated, mainly for diseases presenting with neurological involvement. The fruit fly provides a large selection of tools to investigate lysosomes, autophagy and endocytic pathways in vivo, as well as to analyse neuronal and glial cells. The possibility to use Drosophila in drug repurposing and discovery makes it an attractive model for LSDs lacking effective therapies. Here, ee describe the major cellular pathways implicated in LSDs pathogenesis, the approaches available for their study and the Drosophila models developed for these diseases. Finally, we highlight a possible use of LSDs Drosophila models for drug screening studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rigon
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy; (C.D.F.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Concetta De Filippis
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy; (C.D.F.); (R.T.)
- Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Lysosomal Disorders, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Napoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Via Don Luigi Monza 20, Bosisio Parini, 23842 Lecco, Italy;
| | - Rosella Tomanin
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy; (C.D.F.); (R.T.)
- Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Lysosomal Disorders, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Genny Orso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy;
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44
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Aliotta A, Bertaggia Calderara D, Zermatten MG, Marchetti M, Alberio L. Thrombocytopathies: Not Just Aggregation Defects-The Clinical Relevance of Procoagulant Platelets. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10050894. [PMID: 33668091 PMCID: PMC7956450 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are active key players in haemostasis. Qualitative platelet dysfunctions result in thrombocytopathies variously characterized by defects of their adhesive and procoagulant activation endpoints. In this review, we summarize the traditional platelet defects in adhesion, secretion, and aggregation. In addition, we review the current knowledge about procoagulant platelets, focusing on their role in bleeding or thrombotic pathologies and their pharmaceutical modulation. Procoagulant activity is an important feature of platelet activation, which should be specifically evaluated during the investigation of a suspected thrombocytopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Aliotta
- Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.A.); (D.B.C.); (M.G.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Debora Bertaggia Calderara
- Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.A.); (D.B.C.); (M.G.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Maxime G. Zermatten
- Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.A.); (D.B.C.); (M.G.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Matteo Marchetti
- Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.A.); (D.B.C.); (M.G.Z.); (M.M.)
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital de Nyon, CH-1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Alberio
- Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.A.); (D.B.C.); (M.G.Z.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
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45
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Yokoyama T, Gochuico BR. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome pulmonary fibrosis: a rare inherited interstitial lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2021; 30:30/159/200193. [PMID: 33536261 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0193-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown aetiology with a poor prognosis. Studying genetic diseases associated with pulmonary fibrosis provides insights into the pathogenesis of the disease. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by abnormal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles, manifests with oculocutaneous albinism and excessive bleeding of variable severity. Pulmonary fibrosis is highly prevalent in three out of 10 genetic types of HPS (HPS-1, HPS-2 and HPS-4). Thus, genotyping of individuals with HPS is clinically relevant. HPS-1 tends to affect Puerto Rican individuals due to a genetic founder effect. HPS pulmonary fibrosis shares some clinical features with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), including dyspnoea, cough, restrictive lung physiology and computed tomography (CT) findings of fibrosis. In contrast to IPF, HPS pulmonary fibrosis generally affects children (HPS-2) or middle-aged adults (HPS-1 or HPS-4) and may be associated with ground-glass opacification in CT scans. Histopathology of HPS pulmonary fibrosis, and not IPF, shows vacuolated hyperplastic type II cells with enlarged lamellar bodies and alveolar macrophages with lipofuscin-like deposits. Antifibrotic drugs approved as treatment for IPF are not approved for HPS pulmonary fibrosis. However, lung transplantation has been performed in patients with severe HPS pulmonary fibrosis. HPS pulmonary fibrosis serves as a model for studying fibrotic lung disease and fibrosis in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadafumi Yokoyama
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Dept of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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46
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Nurden P, Stritt S, Favier R, Nurden AT. Inherited platelet diseases with normal platelet count: phenotypes, genotypes and diagnostic strategy. Haematologica 2021; 106:337-350. [PMID: 33147934 PMCID: PMC7849565 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.248153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited platelet disorders resulting from platelet function defects and a normal platelet count cause a moderate or severe bleeding diathesis. Since the description of Glanzmann thrombasthenia resulting from defects of ITGA2B and ITGB3, new inherited platelet disorders have been discovered, facilitated by the use of high throughput sequencing and genomic analyses. Defects of RASGRP2 and FERMT3 responsible for severe bleeding syndromes and integrin activation have illustrated the critical role of signaling molecules. Important are mutations of P2RY12 encoding the major ADP receptor causal for an inherited platelet disorder with inheritance characteristics that depend on the variant identified. Interestingly, variants of GP6 encoding the major subunit of the collagen receptor GPVI/FcRassociate only with mild bleeding. The numbers of genes involved in dense granule defects including Hermansky-Pudlak and Chediak Higashi syndromes continue to progress and are updated. The ANO6 gene encoding a Ca2+-activated ion channel required for phospholipid scrambling is responsible for the rare Scott syndrome and decreased procoagulant activity. A novel EPHB2 defect in a familial bleeding syndrome demonstrates a role for this tyrosine kinase receptor independent of the classical model of its interaction with ephrins. Such advances highlight the large diversity of variants affecting platelet function but not their production, despite the difficulties in establishing a clear phenotype when few families are affected. They have provided insights into essential pathways of platelet function and have been at the origin of new and improved therapies for ischemic disease. Nevertheless, many patients remain without a diagnosis and requiring new strategies that are now discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Stritt
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala
| | - Remi Favier
- French National Reference Center for Inherited Platelet Disorders, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris
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47
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Xu C, Xiang Y, Li H, Xu Y, Mao Y, Zhou L, Xu X, Tang S. Genetic analysis and prenatal diagnosis of 20 Chinese families with oculocutaneous albinism. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 35:e23647. [PMID: 33124154 PMCID: PMC7891544 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of heterogeneous genetic disorders characterized by abnormal melanin synthesis in the hair, skin, and eyes. OCA exhibits obvious genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Molecular diagnosis of causal genes can be of help in the classification of OCA subtypes and the study of OCA pathogenesis. Methods In this study, Sanger sequencing and whole exome sequencing were used to genetically diagnose 20 nonconsanguineous Chinese OCA patients. In addition, prenatal diagnosis was provided to six OCA families. Results Variants of TYR, OCA2, and HPS1 were detected in 85%, 10%, and 5% of affected patients, respectively. A total of 21 distinct variants of these three genes were identified. Exons 1 and 2 were the hotspot regions of the TYR variants, and c.895C > A and c.896G > A were the hotspot variants. We also found seven novel variants: c.731G > A, c.741C > A, c.867C > A, and c.1037‐2A > T in TYR, c.695dupT and c.1054A > G in OCA2, and c.9C > A in HPS1. Genetic tests on six fetuses revealed three carrier fetuses, two normal fetuses, and one affected fetus. The follow‐up results after birth were consistent with the results of prenatal diagnosis (one fetus terminated during pregnancy was not followed up). Conclusions This study expands our understanding of the genotypic spectrum of the Chinese OCA population. The findings indicate that prenatal diagnosis can provide important information for genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Department of Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanbao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Department of Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huanzheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Department of Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yunzhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Department of Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yijian Mao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Department of Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Department of Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Department of Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Department of Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Genetic, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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48
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Yarnell DS, Roney JC, Teixeira C, Freitas MI, Cipriano A, Leuschner P, Krzewski K, Stephen J, Dorward H, Gahl WA, Gochuico BR, Toro C, Malicdan MC, Introne WJ. Diagnosis of Chediak Higashi disease in a 67-year old woman. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:3007-3013. [PMID: 32990340 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chediak-Higashi disease is a rare disease caused by bi-allelic mutations in the lysosomal trafficking regulator gene, LYST. Individuals typically present in early childhood with partial oculocutaneous albinism, a bleeding diathesis, recurrent infections secondary to immune dysfunction, and risk of developing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Without intervention, mortality is high in the first decade of life. However, some individuals with milder phenotypes have attenuated hematologic and immunologic presentations, and lower risk of HLH. Both classic and milder phenotypes develop progressive neurodegeneration in early adulthood. Here we present a remarkable patient diagnosed with Chediak-Higashi disease at age 67, many decades after the diagnosis is usually established. Diagnosis was suspected by observing the pathognomonic granules within leukocytes, and confirmed by identification of bi-allelic mutations in LYST, reduced LYST mRNA expression, enlarged lysosomes within fibroblasts, and decreased NK cell lytic activity. This case further expands the phenotype of Chediak-Higashi disease and highlights the need for increased awareness. Individuals with milder phenotypes may escape early diagnosis, but identification is important for close monitoring of potential complications, and to further our understanding of the function of LYST.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Yarnell
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph C Roney
- Section of the Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cláudia Teixeira
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de S. João, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria I Freitas
- Laboratorial Hematology Unit, Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Cipriano
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Leuschner
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Konrad Krzewski
- Receptor Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshi Stephen
- Section of the Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Heidi Dorward
- Section of the Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Section of the Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Section of the Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - May C Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Section of the Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wendy J Introne
- Section of the Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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49
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Liu T, Yuan Y, Bai D, Qi Z, Yang L, Zhang T, Yang X, Li W, Wei A. Genetic variants and mutational spectrum of Chinese Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome patients. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 34:111-121. [PMID: 32725903 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Liu
- Department of Dermatology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yefeng Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects Beijing Pediatric Research Institute Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center National Center for Children's HealthBeijing China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Dayong Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology National Center for Children's Health Beijing Children’s Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Zhan Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects Beijing Pediatric Research Institute Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center National Center for Children's HealthBeijing China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Lin Yang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xiumin Yang
- Department of Dermatology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects Beijing Pediatric Research Institute Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center National Center for Children's HealthBeijing China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Aihua Wei
- Department of Dermatology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
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50
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Strikoudis A, Cieślak A, Loffredo L, Chen YW, Patel N, Saqi A, Lederer DJ, Snoeck HW. Modeling of Fibrotic Lung Disease Using 3D Organoids Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 27:3709-3723.e5. [PMID: 31216486 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), an intractable interstitial lung disease, is unclear. Recessive mutations in some genes implicated in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) cause HPS-associated interstitial pneumonia (HPSIP), a clinical entity that is similar to IPF. We previously reported that HPS1-/- embryonic stem cell-derived 3D lung organoids showed fibrotic changes. Here, we show that the introduction of all HPS mutations associated with HPSIP promotes fibrotic changes in lung organoids, while the deletion of HPS8, which is not associated with HPSIP, does not. Genome-wide expression analysis revealed the upregulation of interleukin-11 (IL-11) in epithelial cells from HPS mutant fibrotic organoids. IL-11 was detected predominantly in type 2 alveolar epithelial cells in end-stage IPF, but was expressed more broadly in HPSIP. Finally, IL-11 induced fibrosis in WT organoids, while its deletion prevented fibrosis in HPS4-/- organoids, suggesting IL-11 as a therapeutic target. hPSC-derived 3D lung organoids are, therefore, a valuable resource to model fibrotic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Strikoudis
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anna Cieślak
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lucas Loffredo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nina Patel
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anjali Saqi
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - David J Lederer
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hans-Willem Snoeck
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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