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Zhang X, Kuang Q, Xu J, Lin Q, Chi H, Yu D. MSC-Based Cell Therapy in Neurological Diseases: A Concise Review of the Literature in Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research. Biomolecules 2024; 14:538. [PMID: 38785945 PMCID: PMC11117494 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells with the ability to self-renew and multi-directional differentiation potential. Exogenously administered MSCs can migrate to damaged tissue sites and participate in the repair of damaged tissues. A large number of pre-clinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated that MSCs have the potential to treat the abnormalities of congenital nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, MSCs hold great promise in the treatment of neurological diseases. Here, we summarize and highlight current progress in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and strategies of MSC application in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Zhang
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province/Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qihong Kuang
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province/Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianguang Xu
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province/Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qing Lin
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province/Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haoming Chi
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province/Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Daojin Yu
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province/Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Priori EC, Ratto D, De Luca F, Sandionigi A, Savino E, Giammello F, Romeo M, Brandalise F, Roda E, Rossi P. Hericium erinaceus Extract Exerts Beneficial Effects on Gut-Neuroinflammaging-Cognitive Axis in Elderly Mice. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:18. [PMID: 38248449 PMCID: PMC10813749 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is a biological phenomenon that determines the impairment of cognitive performances, in particular, affecting memory. Inflammation and cellular senescence are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline. The gut microbiota-brain axis could exert a critical role in influencing brain homeostasis during ageing, modulating neuroinflammation, and possibly leading to inflammaging. Due to their anti-ageing properties, medicinal mushrooms can be utilised as a resource for developing pharmaceuticals and functional foods. Specifically, Hericium erinaceus (He), thanks to its bioactive metabolites, exerts numerous healthy beneficial effects, such as reinforcing the immune system, counteracting ageing, and improving cognitive performance. Our previous works demonstrated the capabilities of two months of He1 standardised extract oral supplementation in preventing cognitive decline in elderly frail mice. Herein, we showed that this treatment did not change the overall gut microbiome composition but significantly modified the relative abundance of genera specifically involved in cognition and inflammation. Parallelly, a significant decrease in crucial markers of inflammation and cellular senescence, i.e., CD45, GFAP, IL6, p62, and γH2AX, was demonstrated in the dentate gyrus and Cornus Ammonis hippocampal areas through immunohistochemical experiments. In summary, we suggested beneficial and anti-inflammatory properties of He1 in mouse hippocampus through the gut microbiome-brain axis modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Cecilia Priori
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Daniela Ratto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Fabrizio De Luca
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Anna Sandionigi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy;
- Quantia Consulting S.r.l., Via Petrarca 20, 22066 Mariano Comense, Italy
| | - Elena Savino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Francesca Giammello
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcello Romeo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | | | - Elisa Roda
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
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Naewla S, Prajit R, Sritawan N, Suwannakot K, Sirichoat A, Aranarochana A, Wigmore P, Welbat JU. Hesperidin ameliorates impairment in hippocampal neural stem cells related to apoptosis induced by methotrexate in adult rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115329. [PMID: 37597319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis is a process of generating neural stem cells (NSCs) as functional neurons can be decreased after chemotherapy treatments. Methotrexate (MTX) is a folate antagonist that is used for cancer treatment but has negative effects, including oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis and cognitive impairments. Hesperidin (Hsd), a flavonoid found in citrus fruits, has antioxidant and neuroprotection properties. This study investigated whether Hsd could attenuate impairments of hippocampal neural stem cells related to apoptosis induced by MTX. Spraque-Dawley rats (n = 24) were divided into 4 groups: (1) Vehicle group received propylene glycol (21 days) and 0.9% normal saline (day 8 and 15), (2) Hsd group received 100 mg/kg (21 days), (3) MTX group received 75 mg/kg (days 8 and 15) and (4) MTX+Hsd group received MTX, 75 mg/kg (day 8 and 15) and Hsd 100 mg/kg (21 days). Our results showed that MTX decreased hippocampal neural stem cells including SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2) and nestin. MTX diminished vascular related (VR) Ki-67 positive cells in the hippocampus but not non-vascular related (NVR) Ki-67. Additionally, MTX reduced SOX2, nestin, postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and B-cell lymphoma-2 family of proteins (Bcl-2), whereas Bax and caspase-3 were enhanced in the hippocampal tissues. Interestingly, co-treatment with Hsd and MTX revealed upregulation of SOX2, nestin and VR Ki-67 positive cells as well as elevated SOX2, nestin, PSD-95 and Bcl-2 proteins. Moreover, receiving both Hsd and MTX significantly suppressed increased Bax and caspase-3. These results confirm that Hsd can ameliorate MTX-induced impairments of hippocampal NSC proliferation and neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salinee Naewla
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand; Neurogenesis Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Ram Prajit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Neurogenesis Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Nataya Sritawan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Neurogenesis Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kornrawee Suwannakot
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand; Neurogenesis Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Sirichoat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Neurogenesis Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Anusara Aranarochana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Neurogenesis Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Peter Wigmore
- Queen's Medical Centre, School of Life Sciences, Medical School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Neurogenesis Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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Lei R, Wang S, Liu A, Cheng J, Zhang Z, Ren J, Yao X, Kong X, Ma W, Che F, Chen J, Wan Q. Bilateral transcranial direct-current stimulation promotes migration of subventricular zone-derived neuroblasts toward ischemic brain. FASEB Bioadv 2023; 5:277-286. [PMID: 37415929 PMCID: PMC10320846 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2023-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic insult stimulates proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) after stroke. However, only a fraction of NSC-derived neuroblasts from SVZ migrate toward poststroke brain region. We have previously reported that direct-current stimulation guides NSC migration toward the cathode in vitro. Accordingly, we set up a new method of transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS), in which the cathodal electrode is placed on the ischemic hemisphere and anodal electrode on the contralateral hemisphere of rats subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We show that the application of this bilateral tDCS (BtDCS) promotes the migration of NSC-derived neuroblasts from SVZ toward the cathode direction into poststroke striatum. Reversing the position of the electrodes blocks the effect of BtDCS on the migration of neuroblasts from SVZ. BtDCS protects against neuronal death and improves the functional recovery of stroke animals. Thus, the migration of NSC-derived neuroblasts from SVZ toward poststroke brain region contributes to the effect of BtDCS against ischemia-induced neuronal death, supporting a potential development of noninvasive BtDCS as an endogenous neurogenesis-based stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Lei
- Department of Pathology, Anyang Tumour HospitalThe Affiliated Anyang Tumor Hospital of Henan University of Science and TechnologyAnyangHenanChina
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Anchun Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jinyang Ren
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of NeurosurgeryQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xujin Yao
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of NeurosurgeryQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of NeurosurgeryQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Wenlong Ma
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of NeurosurgeryQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Fengyuan Che
- Central Laboratory, Department of NeurologyLinyi People's Hospital, Qingdao UniversityLinyiShandongChina
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Neurology, the Central Hospital of Wuhantongji medical collof Huazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of NeurosurgeryQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Qingdao Gui‐Hong Intelligent Medical Technology Co. LtdQingdaoChina
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Velnar T, Kocivnik N, Bosnjak R. Clinical infections in neurosurgical oncology: An overview. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:3418-3433. [PMID: 37383906 PMCID: PMC10294202 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i15.3418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) infections are urgent conditions with high morbidity and mortality. Bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi can cause them. Intracranial infections after craniotomies are an important complication of treatment, especially in oncological patients that are already immunologically compromised due to the disease and treatment. The consequence of CNS infections in oncological patients includes longer treatment with antibiotics, additional surgical procedures, higher treatment costs and poorer treatment outcomes. Additionally, the management of primary pathology may be prolonged or postponed as a result of the active infection. By introducing new and improved protocols, tightening controls on their implementation, constantly educating the entire team involved in patient treatment and educating both patients and relatives, the incidence of infections can be reduced effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomaz Velnar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- Alma Mater Europaea - ECM Maribor, Maribor 2000, Slovenia
| | - Nina Kocivnik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Roman Bosnjak
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
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Guo ZH, Khattak S, Rauf MA, Ansari MA, Alomary MN, Razak S, Yang CY, Wu DD, Ji XY. Role of Nanomedicine-Based Therapeutics in the Treatment of CNS Disorders. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031283. [PMID: 36770950 PMCID: PMC9921752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system disorders, especially neurodegenerative diseases, are a public health priority and demand a strong scientific response. Various therapy procedures have been used in the past, but their therapeutic value has been insufficient. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier is two of the barriers that protect the central nervous system (CNS), but are the main barriers to medicine delivery into the CNS for treating CNS disorders, such as brain tumors, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease. Nanotechnology-based medicinal approaches deliver valuable cargos targeting molecular and cellular processes with greater safety, efficacy, and specificity than traditional approaches. CNS diseases include a wide range of brain ailments connected to short- and long-term disability. They affect millions of people worldwide and are anticipated to become more common in the coming years. Nanotechnology-based brain therapy could solve the BBB problem. This review analyzes nanomedicine's role in medication delivery; immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and gene therapy are combined with nanomedicines to treat CNS disorders. We also evaluated nanotechnology-based approaches for CNS disease amelioration, with the intention of stimulating the immune system by delivering medications across the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hua Guo
- Department of Neurology, Kaifeng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 54 East Caizhengting St., Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Mohd Ahmar Rauf
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad N. Alomary
- National Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sufyan Razak
- Dow Medical College, John Hopkins Medical Center, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chang-Yong Yang
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.Y.); (D.-D.W.); (X.-Y.J.); Tel.: +86-371-23885066 (C.-Y.Y.); +86-371-23880525 (D.-D.W.); +86-371-23880585 (X.-Y.J.)
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.Y.); (D.-D.W.); (X.-Y.J.); Tel.: +86-371-23885066 (C.-Y.Y.); +86-371-23880525 (D.-D.W.); +86-371-23880585 (X.-Y.J.)
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.Y.); (D.-D.W.); (X.-Y.J.); Tel.: +86-371-23885066 (C.-Y.Y.); +86-371-23880525 (D.-D.W.); +86-371-23880585 (X.-Y.J.)
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The Bright Side of Psychedelics: Latest Advances and Challenges in Neuropharmacology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021329. [PMID: 36674849 PMCID: PMC9865175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The need to identify effective therapies for the treatment of psychiatric disorders is a particularly important issue in modern societies. In addition, difficulties in finding new drugs have led pharmacologists to review and re-evaluate some past molecules, including psychedelics. For several years there has been growing interest among psychotherapists in psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, of depression, or of post-traumatic stress disorder, although results are not always clear and definitive. In fact, the mechanisms of action of psychedelics are not yet fully understood and some molecular aspects have yet to be well defined. Thus, this review aims to summarize the ethnobotanical uses of the best-known psychedelic plants and the pharmacological mechanisms of the main active ingredients they contain. Furthermore, an up-to-date overview of structural and computational studies performed to evaluate the affinity and binding modes to biologically relevant receptors of ibogaine, mescaline, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, psilocin, and lysergic acid diethylamide is presented. Finally, the most recent clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of psychedelic molecules in some psychiatric disorders are discussed and compared with drugs already used in therapy.
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Ye X, Li M, Bian W, Wu A, Zhang T, Li J, Zhou P, Cui H, Ding YQ, Liao M, Sun C. RBP-J deficiency promoted the proliferation and differentiation of CD133-positive cells in vitro and in vivo studies. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:3839-3860. [PMID: 35661443 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although Notch signaling pathway could control the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), it is largely unknown about the effect of Notch signaling pathway on the neurogenesis of CD133-positive cells. By using the primary cultured ependymal cells and the transgenic mouse, we found that CD133 immunoreactivity was exclusively localized in the ependymal layer of ventricles, moreover, most CD133-positive cells were co-labeled with Nestin. In addition, recombination signal binding protein J (RBP-J), a key nuclear effector of Notch signaling pathway, was highly active in CD133-positive cells. CD133-positive cells can differentiate into the immature and mature neurons, in particular, the number of CD133-positive cells differentiating into the immature and mature neurons was significantly increased following the deficiency or interference of RBP-J in vivo or in vitro. By using real-time qPCR and western blot, we found that RBP-J and Hes1 were down-regulated while Notch1 was up-regulated in the expression levels of mRNAs and proteins following the deficiency or interference of RBP-J. These results demonstrated RBP-J deficiency promoted the proliferation and differentiation of CD133-positive cells. Therefore, we speculated that RBP-J could maintain CD133-positive cells in the characteristics of NSCs possibly by regulating Notch1/RBP-J/Hes1 pathway. It will provide a novel molecular insight into the function of RBP-J, as well as facilitate a future investigation of CD133-positive cells with respect to their potential application in neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ye
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengyi Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Bian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Anting Wu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junwei Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huairui Cui
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ding
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Min Liao
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenyou Sun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Bernabeu-Zornoza A, Coronel R, Palmer C, Martín A, López-Alonso V, Liste I. Neurogenesis Is Increased in Human Neural Stem Cells by Aβ40 Peptide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105820. [PMID: 35628629 PMCID: PMC9143763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β 40 peptides [Aβ1-40 (Aβ40)] are present within amyloid plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Even though Aβ peptides are considered neurotoxic, they can mediate many biological processes, both in adult brains and throughout brain development. However, the physiological function of these Aβ peptides remains poorly understood, and the existing data are sometimes controversial. Here, we analyze and compare the effects of monomeric Aβ40 on the biology of differentiating human neural stem cells (human NSCs). For that purpose, we used a model of human NSCs called hNS1. Our data demonstrated that Aβ40 at high concentrations provokes apoptotic cellular death and the damage of DNA in human NSCs while also increasing the proliferation and favors neurogenesis by raising the percentage of proliferating neuronal precursors. These effects can be mediated, at least in part, by β-catenin. These results provide evidence of how Aβ modulate/regulate human NSC proliferation and differentiation, suggesting Aβ40 may be a pro-neurogenic factor. Our data could contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in AD pathology and to the development of human NSC-based therapies for AD treatment, since these results could then be used in diagnosing the disease at early stages and be applied to the development of new treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Bernabeu-Zornoza
- Unidad de Regeneración Neural, Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (R.C.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.-Z.); (I.L.); Tel.: +34-918-223-292; Fax: +34-918-223-269
| | - Raquel Coronel
- Unidad de Regeneración Neural, Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (R.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Charlotte Palmer
- Unidad de Regeneración Neural, Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (R.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Alberto Martín
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28222 Majadahonda, Spain;
| | - Victoria López-Alonso
- Unidad de Biología Computacional, Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28222 Majadahonda, Spain;
| | - Isabel Liste
- Unidad de Regeneración Neural, Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; (R.C.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.-Z.); (I.L.); Tel.: +34-918-223-292; Fax: +34-918-223-269
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Feng L, Xing H, Zhang K. The therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine in depression: Targeting adult hippocampal neurogenesis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153980. [PMID: 35152089 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by persistent sadness and lack of interest or pleasure in previously rewarding or enjoyable activities. Understandably, the causes of depression are complex. Nevertheless, the understanding of depression pathophysiology has progressed considerably and numerous studies indicate that hippocampal neurogenesis plays a pivotal role. However, no drugs specifically targeting hippocampal neurogenesis yet exist. Meanwhile, the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on hippocampal neurogenesis have received increasing attention in the field of antidepressant treatment because of its multi-ingredient, multi-target, and holistic view. However, the effects and mechanisms of TCM on hippocampal neurogenesis in clinical trials and pharmaceutical studies remain to be comprehensively delineated. PURPOSE To summarize the importance of hippocampal neurogenesis in depression and illustrate the targets and mechanisms of hippocampal neurogenesis regulation that underlie the antidepressant effects of TCM. METHOD A systematic review of clinical trials and studies ending by January 2022 was performed across eight electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, SciFinder, Research Gate, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus and China Knowledge Infrastructure) according to the PRISMA criteria, using the search terms 'traditional Chinese medicine' "AND" 'depression' "OR" 'hippocampal neurogenesis' "OR" 'multi-ingredient' "OR" 'multi-target'. RESULTS Numerous studies show that hippocampal neurogenesis is attenuated in depression, and that antidepressants act by enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis. Moreover, compound Chinese medicine (CCM), Chinese meteria medica (CMM), and major bioactive components (MBCs) can promote hippocampal neurogenesis exerting antidepressant effects through modulation of neurotransmitters and receptors, neurotrophins, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammatory factors, autophagy, and gut microbiota. CONCLUSION We have comprehensively summarized the effect and mechanism of TCM on hippocampal neurogenesis in depression providing a unique perspective on the use of TCM in the antidepressant field. TCM has the characteristics and advantages of multiple targets and high efficacy, showing great potential in the field of depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hang Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Tianjin UBasio Biotechnology Group, Tianjin 300457, China.
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11
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Manandhar S, Sankhe R, Priya K, Hari G, Kumar B H, Mehta CH, Nayak UY, Pai KSR. Molecular dynamics and structure-based virtual screening and identification of natural compounds as Wnt signaling modulators: possible therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Divers 2022; 26:2793-2811. [PMID: 35146638 PMCID: PMC9532339 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway responsible for neurogenesis, axon outgrowth, neuronal polarity, synapse formation, and maintenance. Downregulation of Wnt signaling has been found in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Several experimental approaches to activate Wnt signaling pathway have proven to be beneficial in alleviating AD, which is one of the new therapeutic approaches for AD. The current study focuses on the computational structure-based virtual screening followed by the identification of potential phytomolecules targeting different markers of Wnt signaling like WIF1, DKK1, LRP6, GSK-3β, and acetylcholine esterase. Initially, screening of 1924 compounds from the plant-based library of Zinc database was done for the selected five proteins using docking approach followed by MM-GBSA calculations. The top five hit molecules were identified for each protein. Based on docking score, and binding interactions, the top two hit molecules for each protein were selected as promising molecules for the molecular dynamic (MD) simulation study with the five proteins. Therefore, from this in silico based study, we report that Mangiferin could be a potential molecule targeting Wnt signaling pathway modulating the LRP6 activity, Baicalin for AChE activity, Chebulic acid for DKK1, ZINC103539689 for WIF1, and Morin for GSk-3β protein. However, further validation of the activity is warranted based on in vivo and in vitro experiments for better understanding and strong claim. This study provides an in silico approach for the identification of modulators of the Wnt signaling pathway as a new therapeutic approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Manandhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Runali Sankhe
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Keerthi Priya
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Gangadhar Hari
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Harish Kumar B
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Chetan H Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Usha Y Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - K Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
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12
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Zhang L, Xu H, Ding N, Li X, Chen X, Chen Z. Beneficial Effects on Brain Micro-Environment by Caloric Restriction in Alleviating Neurodegenerative Diseases and Brain Aging. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715443. [PMID: 34899367 PMCID: PMC8660583 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and neurodegenerative diseases are frequently associated with the disruption of the extracellular microenvironment, which includes mesenchyme and body fluid components. Caloric restriction (CR) has been recognized as a lifestyle intervention that can improve long-term health. In addition to preventing metabolic disorders, CR has been shown to improve brain health owing to its enhancing effect on cognitive functions or retarding effect on the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This article summarizes current findings regarding the neuroprotective effects of CR, which include the modulation of metabolism, autophagy, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. This review may offer future perspectives for brain aging interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.,Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Huachong Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyin Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuangfei Chen
- Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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13
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Gradišnik L, Bošnjak R, Bunc G, Ravnik J, Maver T, Velnar T. Neurosurgical Approaches to Brain Tissue Harvesting for the Establishment of Cell Cultures in Neural Experimental Cell Models. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6857. [PMID: 34832259 PMCID: PMC8624371 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, cell biology has made rapid progress. Cell isolation and cultivation techniques, supported by modern laboratory procedures and experimental capabilities, provide a wide range of opportunities for in vitro research to study physiological and pathophysiological processes in health and disease. They can also be used very efficiently for the analysis of biomaterials. Before a new biomaterial is ready for implantation into tissues and widespread use in clinical practice, it must be extensively tested. Experimental cell models, which are a suitable testing ground and the first line of empirical exploration of new biomaterials, must contain suitable cells that form the basis of biomaterial testing. To isolate a stable and suitable cell culture, many steps are required. The first and one of the most important steps is the collection of donor tissue, usually during a surgical procedure. Thus, the collection is the foundation for the success of cell isolation. This article explains the sources and neurosurgical procedures for obtaining brain tissue samples for cell isolation techniques, which are essential for biomaterial testing procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija Gradišnik
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Alma Mater Europaea ECM, Slovenska 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Roman Bošnjak
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Gorazd Bunc
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (G.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Janez Ravnik
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (G.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Tina Maver
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Velnar
- Alma Mater Europaea ECM, Slovenska 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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Sallam A, Sudha T, Darwish NHE, Eghotny S, E-Dief A, Hassaan PS, Mousa SA. In vitro differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells into neural precursor cells using small molecules. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 363:109340. [PMID: 34461154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurogenic differentiation of human marrow stromal stem cells (hMSCs) into neural precursor cells (NPCs) offers new hope in many neurological diseases. Stromal cells can be differentiated into NPCs using small molecules acting as chemical inducers. The aim of this study is to formulate an efficient, direct, fast and safe protocol to differentiate hMSCs into NPCs using different inducers: b-mercaptoethanol (BME), triiodothyronine (T3), and curcumin (CUR). NEW METHOD: hMSCs were subjected to either 1 mM BME, 0.5 µM T3, or 5 µM CUR. Neurogenic differentiation was determined by assessing the protein expression of PAX6, SOX2, DLX2, and GAP-43 with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence, along with Nissl staining of differentiated cells. RESULTS AND COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD It was revealed that T3 and CUR are 70-80% better than BME in terms of efficiency and safety, and surprisingly BME was a good promoting factor for cell preconditioning with limited effects on neural trans-differentiation related to its toxic effects on cell viability. CONCLUSION Reprogramming of bone marrow stromal cells into neural cells gives hope for treating different neurological disorders. Our study shows that T3 and CUR were effective in generation of NPCs from hMSCs with preservation of cell viability. BME was a good promoting factor for cell preconditioning with limited effects on neural transdifferentiation related to its toxic effects on cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Sallam
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and its Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Thangirala Sudha
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Noureldien H E Darwish
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samar Eghotny
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abeer E-Dief
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Passainte S Hassaan
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
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15
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Adamson SXF, Zheng W, Agim ZS, Du S, Fleming S, Shannahan J, Cannon J. Systemic Copper Disorders Influence the Olfactory Function in Adult Rats: Roles of Altered Adult Neurogenesis and Neurochemical Imbalance. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1315. [PMID: 34572528 PMCID: PMC8471899 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Disrupted systemic copper (Cu) homeostasis underlies neurodegenerative diseases with early symptoms including olfactory dysfunction. This study investigated the impact of Cu dyshomeostasis on olfactory function, adult neurogenesis, and neurochemical balance. Models of Cu deficiency (CuD) and Cu overload (CuO) were established by feeding adult rats with Cu-restricted diets plus ip. injection of a Cu chelator (ammonium tetrathiomolybdate) and excess Cu, respectively. CuD reduced Cu levels in the olfactory bulb (OB), subventricular zone (SVZ), rostral migratory stream (RMS), and striatum, while CuO increased Cu levels in these areas. The buried pellet test revealed both CuD and CuO prolonged the latency to uncover food. CuD increased neural proliferation and stem cells in the SVZ and newly differentiated neurons in the OB, whereas CuO caused opposite alterations, suggesting a "switch"-type function of Cu in regulating adult neurogenesis. CuO increased GABA in the OB, while both CuD and CuO reduced DOPAC, HVA, 5-HT and the DA turnover rate in olfactory-associated brain regions. Altered mRNA expression of Cu transport and storage proteins in tested brain areas were observed under both conditions. Together, results support an association between systemic Cu dyshomeostasis and olfactory dysfunction. Specifically, altered adult neurogenesis along the SVZ-RMS-OB pathway and neurochemical imbalance could be the factors that may contribute to olfactory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherleen Xue-Fu Adamson
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.X.-F.A.); (Z.S.A.); (S.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.X.-F.A.); (Z.S.A.); (S.D.); (J.S.)
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neurosciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Zeynep Sena Agim
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.X.-F.A.); (Z.S.A.); (S.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Sarah Du
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.X.-F.A.); (Z.S.A.); (S.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Sheila Fleming
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA;
| | - Jonathan Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.X.-F.A.); (Z.S.A.); (S.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Jason Cannon
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.X.-F.A.); (Z.S.A.); (S.D.); (J.S.)
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neurosciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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16
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A phosphoproteomics study reveals a defined genetic program for neural lineage commitment of neural stem cells induced by olfactory ensheathing cell-conditioned medium. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105797. [PMID: 34352399 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Since both Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) have shown certain efficacy in the cellular therapy of nerve injury and disease, there have been a series of investigations in recent years looking at the co-culture of NSCs and OECs. Protein phosphorylation forms the basis for identifying a variety of cellular signaling pathways responsible for regulating the self-renewal and differentiation of NSCs induced by OECs. To better understand the signaling cascades in the early phases of OEC-induced NSC differentiation, changes in the NSC proteome and phosphoproteome during the first 24 h were determined using dimethyl labeling and TiO2 phosphorylation enrichment coupled with Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 565 proteins and 2511 phosphorylation sites were identified. According to quantitative phosphoproteomics analyses of NSC differentiation induced by OECs during the first 12 and 24 h, it was speculated that there were at least two different signal waves: one peaking within 12 h after stimulation and the second upsurge after 24 h. In addition to understanding the dynamics of the proteome and phosphoproteome in the early stages of NSC differentiation, our analyses identified a key role of the TGF-β3 protein secreted by OECs, which may be an initiating factor that promotes differentiation of NSCs into neurons induced by OECs. These findings not only redemonstrated a OECs-based therapeutic strategy in cell therapy, but also added a node to the regulatory network for the neural lineage commitment of NSCs induced by OECs.
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17
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Gradišnik L, Bošnjak R, Maver T, Velnar T. Advanced Bio-Based Polymers for Astrocyte Cell Models. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3664. [PMID: 34209194 PMCID: PMC8269866 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of in vitro neural tissue analogs is of great interest for many biomedical engineering applications, including the tissue engineering of neural interfaces, treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, and in vitro evaluation of cell-material interactions. Since astrocytes play a crucial role in the regenerative processes of the central nervous system, the development of biomaterials that interact favorably with astrocytes is of great research interest. The sources of human astrocytes, suitable natural biomaterials, guidance scaffolds, and ligand patterned surfaces are discussed in the article. New findings in this field are essential for the future treatment of spinal cord and brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija Gradišnik
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- AMEU-ECM, Slovenska 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Roman Bošnjak
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Tina Maver
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Velnar
- AMEU-ECM, Slovenska 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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In Vivo Expression of Reprogramming Factor OCT4 Ameliorates Myelination Deficits and Induces Striatal Neuroprotection in Huntington's Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050712. [PMID: 34068799 PMCID: PMC8150572 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
White matter atrophy has been shown to precede the massive loss of striatal GABAergic neurons in Huntington’s disease (HD). This study investigated the effects of in vivo expression of reprogramming factor octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) on neural stem cell (NSC) niche activation in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and induction of cell fate specific to the microenvironment of HD. R6/2 mice randomly received adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-OCT4, AAV9-Null, or phosphate-buffered saline into both lateral ventricles at 4 weeks of age. The AAV9-OCT4 group displayed significantly improved behavioral performance compared to the control groups. Following AAV9-OCT4 treatment, the number of newly generated NSCs and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) significantly increased in the SVZ, and the expression of OPC-related genes and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) significantly increased. Further, amelioration of myelination deficits in the corpus callosum was observed through electron microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging, and striatal DARPP32+ GABAergic neurons significantly increased in the AAV9-OCT4 group. These results suggest that in situ expression of the reprogramming factor OCT4 in the SVZ induces OPC proliferation, thereby attenuating myelination deficits. Particularly, GDNF released by OPCs seems to induce striatal neuroprotection in HD, which explains the behavioral improvement in R6/2 mice overexpressing OCT4.
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Neuromodulation-Based Stem Cell Therapy in Brain Repair: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Neurosci Bull 2021; 37:735-745. [PMID: 33871821 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-021-00667-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation holds a promising future for central nervous system repair. Current challenges, however, include spatially and temporally defined cell differentiation and maturation, plus the integration of transplanted neural cells into host circuits. Here we discuss the potential advantages of neuromodulation-based stem cell therapy, which can improve the viability and proliferation of stem cells, guide migration to the repair site, orchestrate the differentiation process, and promote the integration of neural circuitry for functional rehabilitation. All these advantages of neuromodulation make it one potentially valuable tool for further improving the efficiency of stem cell transplantation.
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20
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Tai W, Wu W, Wang LL, Ni H, Chen C, Yang J, Zang T, Zou Y, Xu XM, Zhang CL. In vivo reprogramming of NG2 glia enables adult neurogenesis and functional recovery following spinal cord injury. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:923-937.e4. [PMID: 33675690 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis plays critical roles in maintaining brain homeostasis and responding to neurogenic insults. However, the adult mammalian spinal cord lacks an intrinsic capacity for neurogenesis. Here we show that spinal cord injury (SCI) unveils a latent neurogenic potential of NG2+ glial cells, which can be exploited to produce new neurons and promote functional recovery after SCI. Although endogenous SOX2 is required for SCI-induced transient reprogramming, ectopic SOX2 expression is necessary and sufficient to unleash the full neurogenic potential of NG2 glia. Ectopic SOX2-induced neurogenesis proceeds through an expandable ASCL1+ progenitor stage and generates excitatory and inhibitory propriospinal neurons, which make synaptic connections with ascending and descending spinal pathways. Importantly, SOX2-mediated reprogramming of NG2 glia reduces glial scarring and promotes functional recovery after SCI. These results reveal a latent neurogenic potential of somatic glial cells, which can be leveraged for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Tai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Lei-Lei Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Haoqi Ni
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chunhai Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jianjing Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tong Zang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yuhua Zou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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21
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Fissolo N, Matute-Blanch C, Osman M, Costa C, Pinteac R, Miró B, Sanchez A, Brito V, Dujmovic I, Voortman M, Khalil M, Borràs E, Sabidó E, Issazadeh-Navikas S, Montalban X, Comabella Lopez M. CSF SERPINA3 Levels Are Elevated in Patients With Progressive MS. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2021; 8:8/2/e941. [PMID: 33436375 PMCID: PMC8105904 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective To identify biomarkers associated with progressive phases of MS and with neuroprotective potential. Methods Combined analysis of the transcriptional and proteomic profiles obtained in CNS tissue during chronic progressive phases of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) with the transcriptional profile obtained during the differentiation of murine neural stem cells into neurons. Candidate biomarkers were measured by ELISA in the CSF of 65 patients with MS (29 with relapsing-remitting MS [RRMS], 20 with secondary progressive MS, and 16 with primary progressive MS [PPMS]) and 30 noninflammatory neurologic controls (NINCs). Results Integrative analysis of gene and protein expression data identified 2 biomarkers, the serine protease inhibitor Serpina3n and the calcium-binding protein S100A4, which were upregulated in chronic progressive EAE and whose expression was induced during neuronal differentiation. Immunofluorescence studies revealed a primarily neuronal expression of S100A4 and Serpina3n during EAE. CSF levels of SERPINA3, the human ortholog of murine Serpina3n, and S100A4 were increased in patients with MS compared with NINCs (SERPINA3: 1,320 vs 838.6 ng/mL, p = 0.0001; S100A4: 1.6 vs 0.8 ng/mL, p = 0.02). Within the MS group, CSF SERPINA3 levels were significantly elevated in patients with progressive forms, mainly patients with PPMS compared with patients with RRMS (1,617 vs 1,129 ng/mL, p = 0.02) and NINCs (1,617 vs 838.6 ng/mL, p = 0.0001). Of interest, CSF SERPINA3 levels significantly correlated with CSF neurofilament light chain levels only in the PPMS group (r = 0.62, p = 0.01). Conclusion These results point to a role of SERPINA3 as a biomarker associated with the progressive forms of MS, particularly PPMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Fissolo
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clara Matute-Blanch
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohamoud Osman
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carme Costa
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rucsanda Pinteac
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Berta Miró
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alex Sanchez
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Verónica Brito
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Irena Dujmovic
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Margarete Voortman
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Khalil
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eva Borràs
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xavier Montalban
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Manuel Comabella Lopez
- From the Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia (N.F., C.M.-B., C.C., R.P., V.B., X.M., M.C.L.), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) (M.O., S.I.-N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (B.M., A.S.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia; Department of Neurology (I.D.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill; Department of Neurology (M.V., M.K.), Medical University of Graz, Austria; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain; Proteomics Unit (E.B., E.S.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; and Center for Multiple Sclerosis (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Pushchina EV, Stukaneva ME, Varaksin AA. Hydrogen Sulfide Modulates Adult and Reparative Neurogenesis in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Masu Salmon, Oncorhynchus masou. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249638. [PMID: 33348868 PMCID: PMC7766854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish are a convenient model for the study of reparative and post-traumatic processes of central nervous system (CNS) recovery, because the formation of new cells in their CNS continues throughout life. After a traumatic injury to the cerebellum of juvenile masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou, the cell composition of the neurogenic zones containing neural stem cells (NSCs)/neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the acute period (two days post-injury) changes. The presence of neuroepithelial (NE) and radial glial (RG) neuronal precursors located in the dorsal, lateral, and basal zones of the cerebellar body was shown by the immunohistochemical (IHC) labeling of glutamine synthetase (GS). Progenitors of both types are sources of neurons in the cerebellum of juvenile O. masou during constitutive growth, thus, playing an important role in CNS homeostasis and neuronal plasticity during ontogenesis. Precursors with the RG phenotype were found in the same regions of the molecular layer as part of heterogeneous constitutive neurogenic niches. The presence of neuroepithelial and radial glia GS+ cells indicates a certain proportion of embryonic and adult progenitors and, obviously, different contributions of these cells to constitutive and reparative neurogenesis in the acute post-traumatic period. Expression of nestin and vimentin was revealed in neuroepithelial cerebellar progenitors of juvenile O. masou. Patterns of granular expression of these markers were found in neurogenic niches and adjacent areas, which probably indicates the neurotrophic and proneurogenic effects of vimentin and nestin in constitutive and post-traumatic neurogenesis and a high level of constructive metabolism. No expression of vimentin and nestin was detected in the cerebellar RG of juvenile O. masou. Thus, the molecular markers of NSCs/NPCs in the cerebellum of juvenile O. masou are as follows: vimentin, nestin, and glutamine synthetase label NE cells in intact animals and in the post-traumatic period, while GS expression is present in the RG of intact animals and decreases in the acute post-traumatic period. A study of distribution of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) in the cerebellum of intact young O. masou showed the expression of the marker mainly in type 1 cells, corresponding to NSCs/NCPs for other molecular markers. In the post-traumatic period, the number of CBS+ cells sharply increased, which indicates the involvement of H2S in the post-traumatic response. Induction of CBS in type 3 cells indicates the involvement of H2S in the metabolism of extracellular glutamate in the cerebellum, a decrease in the production of reactive oxygen species, and also arrest of the oxidative stress development, a weakening of the toxic effects of glutamate, and a reduction in excitotoxicity. The obtained results allow us to consider H2S as a biologically active substance, the numerous known effects of which can be supplemented by participation in the processes of constitutive neurogenesis and neuronal regeneration.
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Lin SX, Curtis MA, Sperry J. Pyridine alkaloids with activity in the central nervous system. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115820. [PMID: 33120080 PMCID: PMC7561606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses all pyridine alkaloids with CNS activity, their therapeutic potential, and the interesting array of sources whence they originate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon X Lin
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maurice A Curtis
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Leptin enhances adult neurogenesis and reduces pathological features in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 148:105219. [PMID: 33301880 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia worldwide and is characterized by the presence of senile plaques by amyloid-beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein. These changes lead to progressive neuronal degeneration and dysfunction, resulting in severe brain atrophy and cognitive deficits. With the discovery that neurogenesis persists in the adult mammalian brain, including brain regions affected by AD, studies of the use of neural stem cells (NSCs) for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases to repair or prevent neuronal cell loss have increased. Here we demonstrate that leptin administration increases the neurogenic process in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus as well as in the subventricular zone of lateral ventricles of adult and aged mice. Chronic treatment with leptin increased NSCs proliferation with significant effects on proliferation and differentiation of newborn cells. The expression of the long form of the leptin receptor, LepRb, was detected in the neurogenic niches by reverse qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, leptin modulated astrogliosis, microglial cell number and the formation of senile plaques. Additionally, leptin led to attenuation of Aβ-induced neurodegeneration and superoxide anion production as revealed by Fluoro-Jade B and dihydroethidium staining. Our study contributes to the understanding of the effects of leptin in the brain that may lead to the development of new therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease.
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Kim YM, Kim HJ. Proteasome Inhibitor MG132 is Toxic and Inhibits the Proliferation of Rat Neural Stem Cells but Increases BDNF Expression to Protect Neurons. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111507. [PMID: 33147870 PMCID: PMC7692322 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of protein expression is essential for maintaining normal cell function. Proteasomes play important roles in protein degradation and dysregulation of proteasomes is implicated in neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, using a proteasome inhibitor MG132, we showed that proteasome inhibition reduces neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and is toxic to NSCs. Interestingly, MG132 treatment increased the percentage of neurons in both proliferation and differentiation culture conditions of NSCs. Proteasome inhibition reduced B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2 associated X protein ratio. In addition, MG132 treatment induced cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation and increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor transcripts and proteins. These data suggest that proteasome function is important for NSC survival and differentiation. Moreover, although MG132 is toxic to NSCs, it may increase neurogenesis. Therefore, by modifying MG132 chemical structure and developing none toxic proteasome inhibitors, neurogenic chemicals can be developed to control NSC cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-820-5619; Fax: +82-2-816-7338
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Regional Myo-Inositol, Creatine, and Choline Levels Are Higher at Older Age and Scale Negatively with Visuospatial Working Memory: A Cross-Sectional Proton MR Spectroscopy Study at 7 Tesla on Normal Cognitive Ageing. J Neurosci 2020; 40:8149-8159. [PMID: 32994337 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2883-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) has been used to assess regional neurochemical brain changes during normal ageing, but results have varied. Exploiting the increased sensitivity at ultra-high field, we performed 1H-MRS in 60 healthy human volunteers to asses age-related differences in metabolite levels and their relation to cognitive ageing. Sex was balanced, and participants were assigned to a younger, middle, and older group according to their age, ranging from 18 to 79 years. They underwent 7T 1H-MRS of the ACC, DLPFC, hippocampus, and thalamus and performed a visuospatial working memory task outside the scanner. A multivariate ANCOVA revealed a significant overall effect of age group on metabolite levels in all regions. Higher levels in the middle than the younger group were observed for myo-inositol (mIns) in DLPFC and hippocampus and total choline (tCho) in ACC. Higher levels in the older than the younger group were observed for mIns in hippocampus and thalamus, total creatine (tCr) and tCho in ACC and hippocampus; lower levels of glutamate (Glu) were observed in DLPFC. Higher levels in the older than the middle group were observed for mIns in hippocampus, tCr in ACC and hippocampus, tCho in hippocampus, and total N-acetyl aspartate (tNAA) in hippocampus. Working memory performance correlated negatively with tCr and tCho levels in ACC and mIns levels in hippocampus and thalamus, but not with tNAA or glutamate levels. As NAA and Glu are commonly regarded to reflect neuronal health and function and concentrations of mIns, tCr, and tCho are higher in glia than neurons, the findings of this study suggest a potential in vivo connection between cognitive ageing and higher regional levels of glia-related metabolites.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neurochemical ageing is an integral component of age-related cognitive decline. Proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) studies of in vivo neurochemical changes across the lifespan have, however, yielded inconclusive results. 1H-MRS at ultra-high field strength can potentially improve the consistency of findings. Using 7T 1H-MRS, we assessed levels of mIns, tCr, and tCho (glia-related metabolites) and tNAA and Glu (neuron-related metabolites) in ACC, DLPFC, hippocampus, and thalamus. We found higher levels of glia-related metabolites in all brain regions in older individuals. Working memory performance correlated negatively with regional levels of glia-related metabolites. This study is the first to investigate normal ageing in these brain regions using 7T 1H-MRS and findings indicate that glia-related metabolites could be valuable in cognitive ageing studies.
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Morales-Garcia JA, Calleja-Conde J, Lopez-Moreno JA, Alonso-Gil S, Sanz-SanCristobal M, Riba J, Perez-Castillo A. N,N-dimethyltryptamine compound found in the hallucinogenic tea ayahuasca, regulates adult neurogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:331. [PMID: 32989216 PMCID: PMC7522265 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a component of the ayahuasca brew traditionally used for ritual and therapeutic purposes across several South American countries. Here, we have examined, in vitro and vivo, the potential neurogenic effect of DMT. Our results demonstrate that DMT administration activates the main adult neurogenic niche, the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, promoting newly generated neurons in the granular zone. Moreover, these mice performed better, compared to control non-treated animals, in memory tests, which suggest a functional relevance for the DMT-induced new production of neurons in the hippocampus. Interestingly, the neurogenic effect of DMT appears to involve signaling via sigma-1 receptor (S1R) activation since S1R antagonist blocked the neurogenic effect. Taken together, our results demonstrate that DMT treatment activates the subgranular neurogenic niche regulating the proliferation of neural stem cells, the migration of neuroblasts, and promoting the generation of new neurons in the hippocampus, therefore enhancing adult neurogenesis and improving spatial learning and memory tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A. Morales-Garcia
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Institute for Biomedical Research “A. Sols” (CSIC-UAM). Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Spanish Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), c/ Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain ,grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, 28040 Madrid, Spain ,grid.411347.40000 0000 9248 5770Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Neurobiology Department, UCS-UCM, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Calleja-Conde
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Carretera de Humera, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A. Lopez-Moreno
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Carretera de Humera, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Alonso-Gil
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Institute for Biomedical Research “A. Sols” (CSIC-UAM). Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Spanish Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), c/ Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Sanz-SanCristobal
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Institute for Biomedical Research “A. Sols” (CSIC-UAM). Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Spanish Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), c/ Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Riba
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER The Netherlands
| | - Ana Perez-Castillo
- Institute for Biomedical Research "A. Sols" (CSIC-UAM). Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Spanish Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), c/ Valderrebollo 5, 28031, Madrid, Spain. .,Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Neurobiology Department, UCS-UCM, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
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Nikpour M, Sharafi A, Hamidi M, Andalib S. Effect of Colloidal Aqueous Solution of Fullerene (C60) in the Presence of a P-Glycoprotein Inhibitor (Verapamil) on Spatial Memory and Hippocampal Expression of Sirtuin6, SELADIN1, and AQP1 Genes in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2549-2565. [PMID: 32631043 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common types of neurodegenerative diseases which is accompanied by irreversible neuronal damage, learning difficulties, memory impairments, and cognitive disorders. The cholinergic system is destroyed during AD pathogenesis, leading to the major symptoms of the disease. Although in severe stages AD is life threatening, to date no absolute treatment has been found for this illness and some palliative options are available. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fullerene (C60) aqueous suspension (FAS) on improving spatial memory in amnesic male Wistar rats (weighing 200 ± 20 g) and to further compare the results with that of donepezil (DNPZL) as a standard drug. FAS was prepared via a solvent exchange method. The particle size was in the 119.14 ± 3.38 nm range with polydispersity index of 0.15 ± 0.02 and zeta potential of -12.22 ± 5.98 mV. A simple and high sensitive reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to identify the C60 concentration in FAS (21 μg/mL). Efficiencies of drugs were examined in both pretreatment and post-treatment groups of animals to better understand how they participate in affecting AD symptoms. Seeing that previous studies have presented antithetical declarations about whether C60 is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate, we studied FAS effects in both conditions of the presence and absence of a P-gp inhibitor (verapamil HCl, 25 mg/kg). In order to clarify the molecular mechanisms of action of two drugs, their effects on the expression of three principal genes involved in AD, including Sirtuin6, SELADIN1, and AQP1, and as well as their total antioxidant capacities (TACs) were studied. In order to induce memory impairment, scopolamine HBr (SCOP) was administered for 10 days (2 mg/kg/i.p.). FAS and DNPZL administration regimens were 21 μg/mL, BID (i.p.) and 10 mg/kg (p.o.) for 10 days, respectively. Our results introduce FAS as a promising nanoformulation for improving AD symptoms, especially memory impairment, and further assert that more studies are needed to elucidate C60 and P-gp interaction type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoosh Nikpour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Sharafi
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hamidi
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Sina Andalib
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Abdissa D, Hamba N, Gerbi A. Review Article on adult neurogenesis in humans. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN ANATOMY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2020.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Sallam A, Mousa SA. Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cell Reprogramming. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4767-4777. [PMID: 32785825 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases have different types according to the onset of the disease, the time course, and the underlying pathology. Although the dogma that brain cells cannot regenerate has changed, the normal regenerative process of the brain is usually not sufficient to restore brain tissue defects after different pathological insults. Stem cell therapy and more recently cell reprogramming could achieve success in the process of brain renewal. This review article presents recent advances of stem cell therapies in neurodegenerative diseases and the role of cell reprogramming in the scope of optimizing a confined condition that could direct signaling pathways of the cell toward a specific neural lineage. Further, we will discuss different types of transcriptional factors and their role in neural cell fate direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Sallam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Governorate, Alexandria, Egypt.,Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and its Applications (CERRMA) Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Governorate, Egypt
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA.
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31
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Li A, Yau SY, Machado S, Wang P, Yuan TF, So KF. Enhancement of Hippocampal Plasticity by Physical Exercise as a Polypill for Stress and Depression: A Review. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:294-306. [PMID: 30848219 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190308102804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Generation of newborn neurons that form functional synaptic connections in the dentate gyrus of adult mammals, known as adult hippocampal neurogenesis, has been suggested to play critical roles in regulating mood, as well as certain forms of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Environmental stress suppresses structural plasticity including adult neurogenesis and dendritic remodeling in the hippocampus, whereas physical exercise exerts opposite effects. Here, we review recent discoveries on the potential mechanisms concerning how physical exercise mitigates the stressrelated depressive disorders, with a focus on the perspective of modulation on hippocampal neurogenesis, dendritic remodeling and synaptic plasticity. Unmasking such mechanisms may help devise new drugs in the future for treating neuropsychiatric disorders involving impaired neural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suk-Yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sergio Machado
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program - Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Pingjie Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ti-Fei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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32
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Levstek T, Kozjek E, Dolžan V, Trebušak Podkrajšek K. Telomere Attrition in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:219. [PMID: 32760251 PMCID: PMC7373805 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere attrition is increased in various disorders and is therefore a potential biomarker for diagnosis and/or prognosis of these disorders. The contribution of telomere attrition in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders is yet to be fully elucidated. We are reviewing the current knowledge regarding the telomere biology in two common neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Furthermore, we are discussing future prospective of telomere research in these disorders. The majority of studies reported consistent evidence of the accelerated telomere attrition in AD patients, possibly in association with elevated oxidative stress levels. On the other hand in PD, various studies reported contradictory evidence regarding telomere attrition. Consequently, due to the low specificity and sensitivity, the clinical benefit of telomere length as a biomarker of neurodegenerative disease development and progression is not yet recognized. Nevertheless, longitudinal studies in large carefully selected cohorts might provide further elucidation of the complex involvement of the telomeres in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Telomere length maintenance is a complex process characterized by environmental, genetic, and epigenetic determinants. Thus, in addition to the selection of the study cohort, also the selection of analytical methods and types of biological samples for evaluation of the telomere attrition is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Levstek
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Eva Kozjek
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vita Dolžan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Trebušak Podkrajšek
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Clinical Institute for Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Hanif S, Muhammad P, Chesworth R, Rehman FU, Qian RJ, Zheng M, Shi BY. Nanomedicine-based immunotherapy for central nervous system disorders. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:936-953. [PMID: 32467570 PMCID: PMC7468531 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders represent a broad spectrum of brain ailments with short- and long-term disabilities, and nanomedicine-based approaches provide a new therapeutic approach to treating CNS disorders. A variety of potential drugs have been discovered to treat several neuronal disorders; however, their therapeutic success can be limited by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, unique immune functions within the CNS provide novel target mechanisms for the amelioration of CNS diseases. Recently, various therapeutic approaches have been applied to fight brain-related disorders, with moderate outcomes. Among the various therapeutic strategies, nanomedicine-based immunotherapeutic systems represent a new era that can deliver useful cargo with promising pharmacokinetics. These approaches exploit the molecular and cellular targeting of CNS disorders for enhanced safety, efficacy, and specificity. In this review, we focus on the efficacy of nanomedicines that utilize immunotherapy to combat CNS disorders. Furthermore, we detailed summarize nanomedicine-based pathways for CNS ailments that aim to deliver drugs across the BBB by mimicking innate immune actions. Overview of how nanomedicines can utilize multiple immunotherapy pathways to combat CNS disorders. ![]()
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Chen ZC, Wang TT, Bian W, Ye X, Li MY, Du JJ, Zhou P, Cui HR, Ding YQ, Ren YH, Qi SS, Yuan YY, Liao M, Sun CY. Allopregnanolone restores the tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons and motor performance in a 6-OHDA-injected mouse model. CNS Neurosci Ther 2020; 26:1069-1082. [PMID: 32602622 PMCID: PMC7539840 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS It has been reported that allopregnanolone (APα) promotes the neurogenesis of the neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and prevents the decrease of dopaminergic neurons in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated mice by binding to γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAAR) and then opening voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channel, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study was to explore the possible involvement of GABAAR and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta 3 (CaMKIIδ3) in this process. METHODS 6-OHDA-treated mice and primary cultured midbrain cells were administrated with APα and GABAAR antagonist bicuculline (Bic), and the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs, the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons and their fibers, the expression levels of CaMKIIδ3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and motor functions were measured using ELISA, immunohistochemical staining, real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, and behavioral test. RESULTS Allopregnanolone significantly promoted the phosphorylation of cytoplasmic CaMKIIδ3 and its nuclear translocation by binding to GABAAR, which, in turn, increased the expression levels of BDNF. This may account for the findings that the exogenous APα enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs, and ameliorated the nigrostriatal system and behavioral performance in 6-OHDA-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS Allopregnanolone may directly activate GABAAR, which, in turn, enhance the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs via upregulating the expression levels of CaMKIIδ3, and finally contribute to the restoration of dopaminergic neurons in 6-OHDA-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chi Chen
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tong-Tong Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Bian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Meng-Yi Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Juan-Juan Du
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huai-Rui Cui
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ding
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hua Ren
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Liao
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen-You Sun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. Extract Improves Memory Performance via Promotion of Neurogenesis in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus of Adolescent Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093365. [PMID: 32397562 PMCID: PMC7247711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacopa monnieri L. Wettst. (BM) is a botanical component of Ayurvedic medicines and of dietary supplements used worldwide for cognitive health and function. We previously reported that administration of BM alcoholic extract (BME) prevents trimethyltin (TMT)-induced cognitive deficits and hippocampal cell damage and promotes TMT-induced hippocampal neurogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate that administration of BME improves spatial working memory in adolescent (5-week- old) healthy mice but not adult (8-week-old) mice. Moreover, improved spatial working memory was retained even at 4 weeks after terminating 1-week treatment of adolescent mice. One-week BME treatment of adolescent mice significantly enhanced hippocampal BrdU incorporation and expression of genes involved in neurogenesis determined by RNAseq analysis. Cell death, as detected by histochemistry, appeared not to be significant. A significant increase in neurogenesis was observed in the dentate gyrus region 4 weeks after terminating 1-week treatment of adolescent mice with BME. Bacopaside I, an active component of BME, promoted the proliferation of neural progenitor cells in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner via the facilitation of the Akt and ERK1/2 signaling. These results suggest that BME enhances spatial working memory in healthy adolescent mice by promoting hippocampal neurogenesis and that the effects of BME are due, in significant amounts, to bacopaside I.
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Zhou Y, Duan Y, Huang S, Zhou X, Zhou L, Hu T, Yang Y, Lu J, Ding K, Guo D, Cao X, Pei G. Polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum ameliorate amyloid pathology and cognitive functions in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:1004-1012. [PMID: 31715236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common degenerative disease of the central nervous system. It is associated with abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, impaired neurogenesis, and damaged cognitive functions. We have known for a long time that natural compounds and their derivatives have gained increasing attention in AD drug research due to their multiple effects and inherently enormous chemicals. In this study, we will demonstrate that polysaccharides from L. barbarum (LBP1), a traditional natural compound, can reduce Aβ level and improve the cognitive functions in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse. LBP1 can enhance neurogenesis as indicated by BrdU/NeuN double labeling. Furthermore, it can restore synaptic dysfunction at hippocampus CA3-CA1 pathway. Additionally, in vitro cell assay indicates that LBP1 may affect Aβ processing. In conclusion, our study indicates that LBP1 might be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of AD against multiple targets that include synaptic plasticity, Aβ pathology and neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yanhong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shichao Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lishuang Zhou
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kan Ding
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Dean Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China.
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Functional Group-Dependent Induction of Astrocytogenesis and Neurogenesis by Flavone Derivatives. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120812. [PMID: 31810286 PMCID: PMC6995541 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into multiple cell types, including neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, and provide an excellent platform to screen drugs against neurodegenerative diseases. Flavonoids exert a wide range of biological functions on several cell types and affect the fate of NSCs. In the present study, we investigated whether the structure-activity relationships of flavone derivatives influence NSC differentiation. As previously reported, we observed that PD98059 (2′-amino-3′-methoxy-flavone), compound 2 (3′-methoxy-flavone) induced astrocytogenesis. In the present study, we showed that compound 3 (2′-hydroxy-3′-methoxy-flavone), containing a 3′-methoxy group, and a non-bulky group at C2′ and C4′, induced astrocytogenesis through JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway. However, compound 1 and 7–12 without the methoxy group did not show such effects. Interestingly, the compounds 4 (2′,3′-dimethoxyflavone), 5 (2′-N-phenylacetamido-3′-methoxy-flavone), and 6 (3′,4′-dimethoxyflavone) containing 3′-methoxy could not promote astrocytic differentiation, suggesting that both the methoxy groups at C3′ and non-bulky group at C2′ and C4′ are required for the induction of astrocytogenesis. Notably, compound 6 promoted neuronal differentiation, whereas its 4′-demethoxylated analog, compound 2, repressed neurogenesis, suggesting an essential role of the methoxy group at C4′ in neurogenesis. These findings revealed that subtle structural changes of flavone derivatives have pronounced effects on NSC differentiation and can guide to design and develop novel flavone chemicals targeting NSCs fate regulation.
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Lee HR, Lee J, Kim HJ. Differential effects of MEK inhibitors on rat neural stem cell differentiation: Repressive roles of MEK2 in neurogenesis and induction of astrocytogenesis by PD98059. Pharmacol Res 2019; 149:104466. [PMID: 31562895 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferate and differentiate into neurons and glia depending on the culture environment. However, the underlying mechanisms determining the fate of NSCs are not fully understood. Growth factors facilitate NSC proliferation through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK) and MAPK activation, and NSCs differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, or oligodendrocytes when mitogens are withdrawn from the culture media. Here, we aimed to identify the effects and roles of MEK signaling on the determination of NSC fate. MEK inhibitors, U0126, SL327, and PD98059, had differential effects on NSC differentiation. U0126 and SL327, which are known to inhibit MEK1 and MEK2, induced neuronal differentiation, whereas PD98059, which is reported to preferentially inhibit MEK1 at higher concentrations, increased astrocytogenesis. Knockdown of MEK2 using small interfering RNA increased neurogenesis and over-expression of wild type (WT) MEK2 inhibited neurogenesis, suggesting a repressive role of MEK2 in neuronal differentiation. The chemical structure of PD98059 appears to be important for induction of astrocytogenesis because not only PD98059 (2'-amino-3'-methoxyflavone) but also its chemical structural mimetic, 3'-methoxyflavone, enhanced astrocytogenesis. Therefore, in our study, we suggest that MEK inhibitors have distinct functions in determining NSC fate. Inhibition of MEK2 is important for induction of neurogenesis in NSCs. U0126 and SL327 increase neurogenesis through MEK2 inhibition, whereas PD98059 induced astrocytogenesis in NSCs, which is mediated by the chemical structure, particularly the 3'-methoxy group rather than its renowned MEK1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Rim Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Rosa JM, Pazini FL, Olescowicz G, Camargo A, Moretti M, Gil-Mohapel J, Rodrigues ALS. Prophylactic effect of physical exercise on Aβ 1-40-induced depressive-like behavior: Role of BDNF, mTOR signaling, cell proliferation and survival in the hippocampus. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 94:109646. [PMID: 31078612 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive impairments as well as non-cognitive symptoms such as depressed mood. Physical exercise has been proposed as a preventive strategy against AD and depression, an effect that may be related, at least partially, to its ability to prevent impairments on cell proliferation and neuronal survival in the hippocampus, a structure implicated in both cognition and affective behavior. Here, we investigated the ability of treadmill exercise (4 weeks) to counteract amyloid β1-40 peptide-induced depressive-like and anxiety-like behavior in mice. Moreover, we addressed the role of the BDNF/mTOR intracellular signaling pathway as well as hippocampal cell proliferation and survival in the effects of physical exercise and/or Aβ1-40. Aβ1-40 administration (400 pmol/mouse, i.c.v.) increased immobility time and reduced the latency to immobility in the forced swim test, a finding indicative of depressive-like behavior. In addition, Aβ1-40 administration also decreased time spent in the center of the open field and increased grooming and defecation, alterations indicative of anxiety-like behavior. These behavioral alterations were accompanied by a reduction in the levels of mature BDNF and mTOR (Ser2448) phosphorylation in the hippocampus. In addition, Aß1-40 administration reduced cell proliferation and survival in the ventral, dorsal and entire dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Importantly, most of these behavioral, neurochemical and structural impairments induced by Aβ1-40 were not observed in mice subjected to 4 weeks of treadmill exercise. These findings indicate that physical exercise has the potential to prevent the occurrence of early emotional disturbances associated with AD and this appears to be mediated, at least in part, by modulation of hippocampal BDNF and mTOR signaling as well as through promotion of cell proliferation and survival in the hippocampal DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Rosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Francis L Pazini
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Olescowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Anderson Camargo
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Morgana Moretti
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Joana Gil-Mohapel
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Island Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil.
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Pusey MA, Pace K, Fascelli M, Linser PJ, Steindler DA, Galileo DS. Ectopic expression of L1CAM ectodomain alters differentiation and motility, but not proliferation, of human neural progenitor cells. Int J Dev Neurosci 2019; 78:49-64. [PMID: 31421150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult human neural progenitor and stem cells have been implicated as a potential source of brain cancer causing cells, but specific events that might cause cells to progress towards a transformed phenotype remain unclear. The L1CAM (L1) cell adhesion/recognition molecule is expressed abnormally by human glioma cancer cells and is released as a large extracellular ectodomain fragment, which stimulates cell motility and proliferation. This study investigates the effects of ectopic overexpression of the L1 long ectodomain (L1LE; ˜180 kDa) on the motility, proliferation, and differentiation of human neural progenitor cells (HNPs). L1LE was ectopically expressed in HNPs using a lentiviral vector. Surprisingly, overexpression of L1LE resulted in reduced HNP motility in vitro, in stark contrast to the effects on glioma and other cancer cell types. L1LE overexpression resulted in a variable degree of maintenance of HNP proliferation in media without added growth factors but did not increase proliferation. In monolayer culture, HNPs expressed a variety of differentiation markers. L1LE overexpression resulted in loss of glutamine synthetase (GS) and β3-tubulin expression in normal HNP media, and reduced vimentin and increased GS expression in the absence of added growth factors. When co-cultured with chick embryonic brain cell aggregates, HNPs show increased differentiation potential. Some HNPs expressed p-neurofilaments and oligodendrocytic O4, indicating differentiation beyond that in monolayer culture. Most HNP-L1LE cells lost their vimentin and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) staining, and many cells were positive for astrocytic GS. However, these cells rarely were positive for neuronal markers β3-tubulin or p-neurofilaments, and few HNP oligodendrocyte progenitors were found. These results suggest that unlike for glioma cells, L1LE does not increase HNP cell motility, but rather decreases motility and influences the differentiation of normal brain progenitor cells. Therefore, the effect of L1LE on increasing motility and proliferation appears to be limited to already transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Pusey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Karma Pace
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Michele Fascelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Paul J Linser
- Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, USA
| | | | - Deni S Galileo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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Sporn L, MacMillan EL, Ge R, Greenway K, Vila-Rodriguez F, Laule C. Longer Repetition Time Proton MR Spectroscopy Shows Increasing Hippocampal and Parahippocampal Metabolite Concentrations with Aging. J Neuroimaging 2019; 29:592-597. [PMID: 31273871 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have concluded that hippocampal and parahippocampal metabolite concentrations remain stable during healthy adult aging. However, these studies used short repetition times (TR ≤ 2 seconds), which lead to incomplete longitudinal magnetization recovery, and thus, heavily T1 -weighted measurements. It is important to accurately characterize brain metabolites changes with age to enable appropriate interpretations of MRS findings in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. Our goal was to assess hippocampal brain metabolite concentrations in a large cohort of diversely aged healthy volunteers using a longer TR of 4 seconds. METHODS Left hippocampal MR spectra were collected from 38 healthy volunteers at 3T. Absolute metabolite concentrations were determined for total N-acetyl-aspartate (tNAA), total creatine (tCr), total choline (tCho), glutamate and glutamine (Glx), and myoinositol (mI). Individual partial correlations between each metabolite with age were assessed using demographic information and voxel compartmentation as confounders. RESULTS Hippocampal tNAA, tCr, tCho, and mI all increased with age (NAA: R2 = .17, P = .041; tCr: R2 = .45, P = .0002; tCho: R2 = .37, P = .001; mI: R2 = .44, P = .0003). There were no relationships between age and signal to noise ratio, linewidth, or scan date, indicating the correlations were not confounded by spectral quality. Furthermore, we did not observe a trend with age in the voxel tissue compartmentations. CONCLUSIONS We observed increases in hippocampal/parahippocampal metabolite concentrations with age, a finding that is in contrast to previous literature. Our findings illustrate the importance of using a sufficiently long TR in MRS to avoid T1 -relaxation effects influencing the measurement of absolute metabolite concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Sporn
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Erin L MacMillan
- School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Philips, Markham, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ruiyang Ge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kyle Greenway
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fidel Vila-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelia Laule
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Pancaro C, Boulanger-Bertolus J, Segal S, Watson CJ, St Charles I, Mashour GA, Marchand JE. Maternal Noninfectious Fever Enhances Cell Proliferation and Microglial Activation in the Neonatal Rat Dentate Gyrus. Anesth Analg 2019; 128:1190-1198. [PMID: 31094787 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fever and increased maternal interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma levels in labor are associated with an increased risk of adverse events in offspring, including neonatal seizures, cerebral palsy, and low intelligence scores at school age. However, the neural changes in the neonate that might mediate the adverse effects of maternal noninfectious fever are not fully characterized. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that induced maternal noninfectious fever alters neonatal neural progenitor cell proliferation and enhances microglial activation in the rat dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. METHODS Systemic vehicle or IL-6 was given 3 times to near-term pregnant rats (n = 7/group) every 90 minutes, and maternal core temperature was recorded. Neonatal brains were processed and analyzed for dentate gyrus cell proliferation (using Ki-67, n = 10/group, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, n = 6/group) and resident microglia activation (using ionized calcium-binding adaptor protein-1 [Iba-1], n = 6/group). In separate studies, the authors assessed microglia proliferation using Ki-67/Iba-1 costaining (n = 5/group). RESULTS Compared to controls, exposure to IL-6 resulted in significant maternal temperature increase [mean temperature difference 0.558°C (95% CI, 0.417-0.698; P < .0001)]. Following maternal IL-6, Ki-67 cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus was 55 % higher in neonates whose mother received IL-6 (38.8 ± 9.2) compared with those that received vehicle (25.1 ± 7.8); mean difference 13.7 (95% CI, 5.68-21.71); (P = .0021). Glial fibrillary acidic protein cell proliferation was 40% higher in the neonatal dentate gyrus whose mother received IL-6 when compared to controls (713 ± 85.52 vs 500 ± 115); mean difference 212 (95% CI, 82.2-343.4); (P = .004). Resident microglial activation was 90% higher in the dentate gyrus of neonates whose mother received IL-6 when compared to controls (71.8 ± 9.3 vs 37.8 ± 5.95); mean Iba-1 in stained cells was significantly different between IL-6 and vehicle groups 34 (95% CI, 23.94-44.05); (P < .0001). Proliferating microglia, determined by the colocalization of Ki-67 and Iba-1, were not different in the vehicle (8.8 % ± 3.19 %) and the IL-6 (5.6% ± 2.3%) groups (mean difference 3.2% (95% CI, -0.8-7.25) (P = .1063). CONCLUSIONS IL-6 is sufficient to induce maternal systemic temperature increases in near-term pregnant rats as well as neuronal, glial, and neuroinflammatory changes in the dentate gyrus of the neonatal hippocampus. These alterations might disrupt fetal neurodevelopment during a vulnerable period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Pancaro
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Julie Boulanger-Bertolus
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Scott Segal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Chris J Watson
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Irene St Charles
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - George A Mashour
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - James E Marchand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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Ivey JW, Wasson EM, Alinezhadbalalami N, Kanitkar A, Debinski W, Sheng Z, Davalos RV, Verbridge SS. Characterization of Ablation Thresholds for 3D-Cultured Patient-Derived Glioma Stem Cells in Response to High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation. RESEARCH 2019; 2019:8081315. [PMID: 31549086 PMCID: PMC6750069 DOI: 10.34133/2019/8081315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a technique that uses pulsed electric fields that have been shown to ablate malignant cells. In order to evaluate the clinical potential of H-FIRE to treat glioblastoma (GBM), a primary brain tumor, we have studied the effects of high-frequency waveforms on therapy-resistant glioma stem-like cell (GSC) populations. We demonstrate that patient-derived GSCs are more susceptible to H-FIRE damage than primary normal astrocytes. This selectivity presents an opportunity for a degree of malignant cell targeting as bulk tumor cells and tumor stem cells are seen to exhibit similar lethal electric field thresholds, significantly lower than that of healthy astrocytes. However, neural stem cell (NSC) populations also exhibit a similar sensitivity to these pulses. This observation may suggest that different considerations be taken when applying these therapies in younger versus older patients, where the importance of preserving NSC populations may impose different restrictions on use. We also demonstrate variability in threshold among the three patient-derived GSC lines studied, suggesting the need for personalized cell-specific characterization in the development of potential clinical procedures. Future work may provide further useful insights regarding this patient-dependent variability observed that could inform targeted and personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Ivey
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - E M Wasson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - N Alinezhadbalalami
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - A Kanitkar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - W Debinski
- Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Z Sheng
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA 24061, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA.,Faculty of Health Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - R V Davalos
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.,Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Faculty of Health Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - S S Verbridge
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.,Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Faculty of Health Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Naewla S, Sirichoat A, Pannangrong W, Chaisawang P, Wigmore P, Welbat JU. Hesperidin Alleviates Methotrexate-Induced Memory Deficits via Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Adult Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040936. [PMID: 31027240 PMCID: PMC6521088 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX), a folic acid antagonist, is widely used in cancer treatment. However, treatment with MTX reduces hippocampal neurogenesis, leading to memory deficits. Hesperidin (Hsd) is a flavonoid glycoside that promotes anti-inflammation, acts as an antioxidant, and has neuroprotective properties. Consumption of Hsd enhances learning and memory. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of Hsd against MTX-induced impairments of memory and neurogenesis; male Sprague Dawley rats were administered with a single dose of MTX (75 mg/kg) by intravenous (i.v.) injection on days 8 and 15 or Hsd (100 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 21 days. Memory was tested using novel object location (NOL) and novel object recognition (NOR) tasks. Immunofluorescence staining of Ki-67, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), and doublecortin (DCX) was performed to assess cell proliferation, survival, and immature neurons. The data showed that Hsd and MTX did not disable locomotor ability. The MTX animals exhibited memory deficits in both memory tests. There were significant decreases in the numbers of cell proliferation, survival, and immature neurons in the MTX animals. However, co-administration with MTX and Hsd alleviated memory loss and neurogenesis decline. These results revealed that Hsd could protect against MTX side effects in the animals in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salinee Naewla
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Apiwat Sirichoat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Wanassanan Pannangrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Pornthip Chaisawang
- Faculty of Medical Science, Nakhonratchasima College, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
| | - Peter Wigmore
- School of Life Sciences, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
- Neuroscience Research and Development Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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45
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Kim SY, Völkl S, Ludwig S, Schneider H, Wixler V, Park J. Deficiency of Fhl2 leads to delayed neuronal cell migration and premature astrocyte differentiation. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.228940. [PMID: 30745335 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.228940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The four and a half LIM domains protein 2 (Fhl2) is an adaptor protein capable of mediating protein-protein interactions. Here, we report for the first time phenotypic changes in the brain of Fhl2-deficient mice. We showed that Fhl2 is expressed in neural stem cells, precursors and mature cells of neuronal lineage. Moreover, Fhl2 deficiency leads to delayed neuroblast migration in vivo, premature astroglial differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro, and a gliosis-like accumulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes in vivo that substantially increases with age. Collectively, Fhl2-deficiency in the brain interrupts the maintenance and the balanced differentiation of adult NSCs, resulting in preferentially glial differentiation and early exhaustion of the NSC pool required for adult neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soung Yung Kim
- University Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital - University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon Völkl
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Münster University Hospital Medical School, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Holm Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Viktor Wixler
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Münster University Hospital Medical School, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Abstract
Adult neurogenesis continues to captivate the curiosity of the scientific community; and researchers seem to have a particular interest in identifying the functional implications of such plasticity. While the majority of research focuses on the association between adult neurogenesis and learning and memory (including spatial learning associated with hippocampal neurogenesis and olfactory discrimination associated with neurogenesis in the olfactory system), the following review will explore the link to motivated behaviors. In particular, goal-directed behaviors such as sociosexual, parental, aggressive, as well as depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and their reciprocal association to adult neurogenesis will be evaluated. The review will detail research in humans and other mammalian species. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms underlying these neurogenic alterations will be highlighted. Lastly, the review will conclude with a discussion on the functional significance of these newly generated cells in mediating goal-directed behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Jorgensen
- Behavioral Science Department, Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah, USA
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47
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Park HS, Kim CJ, Kwak HB, No MH, Heo JW, Kim TW. Physical exercise prevents cognitive impairment by enhancing hippocampal neuroplasticity and mitochondrial function in doxorubicin-induced chemobrain. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:451-461. [PMID: 29477301 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although chemotherapy increases the survival rate of patients with various cancers, such treatment can induce acute or long-term cognitive dysfunction a phenomenon known as post-chemotherapy cognitive impairment (PCCI) or "chemobrain." Exercise is known to positively affect brain function. Thus, the present study aimed to determine whether symptoms of chemobrain and disruptions in the neuroplasticity and functioning of hippocampal mitochondria can be prevented or relieved by exercise. Wistar rats were separated into the following groups: control, control plus exercise, chemobrain, and chemobrain plus exercise. For chemobrain induction, 2 mg/kg of doxorubicin (DOX) a widely utilized chemotherapeutic agent among patients with breast cancer was dissolved in saline and directly injected to the abdomen once every 4 weeks. The exercise groups were subjected to low-intensity treadmill, 6 days per week for 4 weeks. The Morris water maze and step-down avoidance tests were conducted to evaluate cognitive function, while neuroplasticity and mitochondrial function were assessed in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. Decreased cognitive function were observed in the chemobrain group, along with decreases in levels of neurogenesis, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), Ca2+ retention in hippocampus. Rats of the chemobrain group also exhibited an increase in apoptosis, H2O2 emission and permeability transition pore by hippocampal mitochondria. However, exercise attenuated impairments in cognitive function, neuroplasticity, and mitochondrial function induced by DOX treatment. Therefore, the findings of the present study indicate that low-intensity exercise may assist in preventing cognitive dysfunction during or after chemotherapy in patients with various cancers, including breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ju Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bum Kwak
- Department of Kinesiology, Art & Sports, InHa University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun No
- Department of Kinesiology, Art & Sports, InHa University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Heo
- Department of Kinesiology, Art & Sports, InHa University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Exercise Rehabilitation Research Institute, Department of Exercise & Health Science, SangMyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Chen S, Kumar N, Mao Z, Sitruk-Ware R, Brinton RD. Therapeutic progestin segesterone acetate promotes neurogenesis: implications for sustaining regeneration in female brain. Menopause 2018; 25:1138-1151. [PMID: 29846284 PMCID: PMC7731586 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurogenesis is the principal regenerative mechanism to sustain the plasticity potential in adult brains. Decreased neurogenesis parallels the cognition decline with aging, and has been suggested as a common hallmark in the progression of many neurodegeneration diseases. We previously reported that acute exposure to segesterone acetate (ST-1435; Nestorone), alone or in combination with 17β-estradiol (E2), increased human neural stem cells proliferation and survival both in vitro and in vivo. The present study expanded our previous findings to investigate the more clinical related chronic exposure in combination with E2 on the regenerative capacity of adult brain. METHODS To mimic the chronic contraception exposure in women, 3-month old female mice (n = 110) were treated with ST-1435, with or without co-administration of E2, for 4 weeks. Neural cell proliferation and survival, and oligodendrocyte generation were assessed. The involvement of insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling was studied. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that chronic ST-1435 and E2 alone or in combination increased neurogenesis by a comparable magnitude, with minimum to no antagonistic or additive effects between ST-1435 and E2. In addition, chronic exposure of ST-1435 or ST-1435 + E2 stimulated oligodendrocyte generation, indicating potential elevated myelination. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) were also up-regulated after chronic ST-1435 and E2 exposure, suggesting the involvement of IGF-1 signaling as the potential underlined regulatory pathway transducing ST-1435 effect. CONCLUSION These findings provide preclinical evidence and mechanistic insights for the development of ST-1435 as a neuroregenerative therapy to promote intrinsic regenerative capacity in female brains against aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Chen
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Narendar Kumar
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council,, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zisu Mao
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Roberta Diaz Brinton
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Aβ42 Peptide Promotes Proliferation and Gliogenesis in Human Neural Stem Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4023-4036. [PMID: 30259399 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β 42 [Aβ1-42 (Aβ42)] is one of the main Aβ peptide isoforms found in amyloid plaques of brains with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although Aβ42 is associated with neurotoxicity, it might mediate several normal physiological processes during embryonic brain development and in the adult brain. However, due to the controversy that exists in the field, relatively little is known about its physiological function. In the present work, we have analyzed the effects of different concentrations of monomeric Aβ42 on cell death, proliferation, and cell fate specification of human neural stem cells (hNSCs), specifically the hNS1 cell line, undergoing differentiation. Our results demonstrate that at higher concentrations (1 μM), Aβ42 increases apoptotic cell death and DNA damage, indicating that prolonged exposure of hNS1 cells to higher concentrations of Aβ42 is neurotoxic. However, at lower concentrations, Aβ42 significantly promotes cell proliferation and glial cell specification of hNS1 cells by increasing the pool of proliferating glial precursors, without affecting neuronal differentiation, in a concentration-dependent manner. At the molecular level, these effects could be mediated, at least in part, by GSK3β, whose expression is increased by treatment with Aβ42 and whose inhibition prevents the glial specification induced by Aβ42. Since the cellular and molecular effects are known to appear decades before the first clinical symptoms, these types of studies are important in discovering the underlying pathophysiological processes involved in the development of AD. This knowledge could then be used in diagnosing the disease at early stages and be applied to the development of new treatment options.
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Blaya MO, Wasserman JM, Pieper AA, Sick TJ, Bramlett HM, Dietrich WD. Neurotherapeutic capacity of P7C3 agents for the treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury. Neuropharmacology 2018; 145:268-282. [PMID: 30236963 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health problem around the world. A promising area of research is the characterization of small, drug-like molecules that have potent clinical properties. One pharmacotherapeutic agent in particular, an aminopropyl carbazole called P7C3, was discovered using an in vivo screen to identify new agents that augmented the net magnitude of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. P7C3 greatly enhanced neurogenesis by virtue of increasing survival rates of immature neurons. The potent neuroprotective efficacy of P7C3 is likely due to enhanced nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) activity, which supports critical cellular processes. The scaffold of P7C3 was found to have favorable pharmacokinetic properties, good bioavailability, and was nontoxic. Preclinical studies have shown that administration of the P7C3-series of neuroprotective compounds after TBI can rescue and reverse detrimental cellular events leading to improved functional recovery. In several TBI models and across multiple species, P7C3 and its analogues have produced significant neuroprotection, axonal preservation, robust increases in the net magnitude of adult neurogenesis, protection from injury-induced LTP deficits, and improvement in neurological functioning. This review will elucidate the exciting and diverse therapeutic findings of P7C3 administration in the presence of a complex and multifactorial set of cellular and molecular challenges brought forth by experimental TBI. The clinical potential and broad therapeutic applicability of P7C3 warrants much needed investigation into whether these remedial effects can be replicated in the clinic. P7C3 may serve as an important step forward in the design, understanding, and implementation of pharmacotherapies for treating patients with TBI. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Novel Treatments for Traumatic Brain Injury".
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan O Blaya
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Joseph M Wasserman
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Andrew A Pieper
- Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospital Case Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry Case Western Reserve University, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Louis Stokes Cleveland VAMC, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Thomas J Sick
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Helen M Bramlett
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL, 33125, USA
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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