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Aminianfar A, Hashemi R, Emami F, Heshmat R, Motlagh AD, Esmaillzadeh A. Associations between dietary total antioxidant capacity and sarcopenia: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J 2024; 23:87. [PMID: 39085886 PMCID: PMC11290090 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No study has investigated the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity and sarcopenia so far. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (d-TAC) and sarcopenia in elderly adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study we enrolled 300 elderly people (150 men and 150 women) aged ≥ 55 years using cluster random sampling method. Sarcopenia was defined based on European Working Group on Sarcopenia (EWGSOP) definition. A DXA scanner, a squeeze bulb dynamometer and a 4-Meter walk gait speed test was used to measure Appendicular Skeletal Muscle (ASM), muscle strength and muscle performance respectively. We also used a Block-format 117-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary intakes of participants. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between d-TAC and sarcopenia. RESULTS Mean ± SD age of study participants and their BMI was 66.8 ± 7.72 year and 27.3 ± 4.2 kg/m2, respectively. People in the highest tertile of d-TAC had the greatest hand grip strength (11.9 ± 3.63 vs. 10.4 ± 3.55 psi, p = 0.009) and had lower odds of sarcopenia compared with those in the lowest tertile, either before (OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.88) or after adjustment for potential confounders (OR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.95). No other significant association was seen between d-TAC and components of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION We found an inverse association between dietary total antioxidant capacity and odds of sarcopenia. No significant association was seen between d-TAC and individual components of sarcopenia. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Aminianfar
- Students' scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Hashemi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Emami
- Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Ebne Sina Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CDRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Gürel S, Pak EN, Tek NA. Aging Processes Are Affected by Energy Balance: Focused on the Effects of Nutrition and Physical Activity on Telomere Length. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:264-279. [PMID: 38498288 PMCID: PMC11133118 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The number and proportion of individuals aged 60 and over are increasing globally. The increase in the elderly population has important social and economic effects. Telomere length is an important marker for healthy aging. Here, we review the relevance between telomere length and energy balance by determining the effects of physical activity, nutrients, dietary patterns, and foods on healthy aging and telomere length with related studies. RECENT FINDINGS Evidence emphasizes the importance of telomere length and integrity for healthy aging. It also focuses on the importance of potential interventions such as physical activity and a healthy diet to improve this process. We suggest that ensuring energy balance with regular physical activity and healthy diets can contribute to the aging process by protecting telomere length. In addition, different methods in studies, short and inconsistent durations, different types of exercise, different diet patterns, and non-standard foods have led to conflicting results. More studies are needed to elucidate molecular-based mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satı Gürel
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Elif Nisa Pak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Kilis 7 Aralık University, 79000, Kilis, Turkey.
| | - Nilüfer Acar Tek
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, 06490, Ankara, Turkey
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Caturano A, D’Angelo M, Mormone A, Russo V, Mollica MP, Salvatore T, Galiero R, Rinaldi L, Vetrano E, Marfella R, Monda M, Giordano A, Sasso FC. Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes: Impacts from Pathogenesis to Lifestyle Modifications. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6651-6666. [PMID: 37623239 PMCID: PMC10453126 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a critical factor in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes and its associated complications. The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the body's antioxidant defence mechanisms leads to cellular damage and dysfunction. In diabetes, chronic hyperglycaemia and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to increased ROS production, further exacerbating oxidative stress. This oxidative burden adversely affects various aspects of diabetes, including impaired beta-cell function and insulin resistance, leading to disrupted glucose regulation. Additionally, oxidative stress-induced damage to blood vessels and impaired endothelial function contribute to the development of diabetic vascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, organs and tissues throughout the body, including the kidneys, nerves, and eyes, are vulnerable to oxidative stress, resulting in diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Strategies to mitigate oxidative stress in diabetes include antioxidant therapy, lifestyle modifications, and effective management of hyperglycaemia. However, further research is necessary to comprehensively understand the underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress in diabetes and to evaluate the efficacy of antioxidant interventions in preventing and treating diabetic complications. By addressing oxidative stress, it might be possible to alleviate the burden of diabetes and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Caturano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy; (M.D.)
| | - Margherita D’Angelo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy; (M.D.)
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Andrea Mormone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, I-80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Salvatore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Galiero
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Vetrano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy; (M.D.)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, I-80138 Naples, Italy
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Lin W, Song H, Shen J, Wang J, Yang Y, Yang Y, Cao J, Xue L, Zhao F, Xiao T, Lin R. Functional role of skeletal muscle-derived interleukin-6 and its effects on lipid metabolism. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1110926. [PMID: 37555019 PMCID: PMC10405179 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1110926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The detrimental impact of obesity on human health is increasingly evident with the rise in obesity-related diseases. Skeletal muscle, the crucial organ responsible for energy balance metabolism, plays a significant role as a secretory organ by releasing various myokines. Among these myokines, interleukin 6 (IL-6) is closely associated with skeletal muscle contraction. IL-6 triggers the process of lipolysis by mobilizing energy-storing adipose tissue, thereby providing energy for physical exercise. This phenomenon also elucidates the health benefits of regular exercise. However, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue maintain a constant interaction, both directly and indirectly. Direct interaction occurs through the accumulation of excess fat within skeletal muscle, known as ectopic fat deposition. Indirect interaction takes place when adipose tissue is mobilized to supply the energy for skeletal muscle during exercise. Consequently, maintaining a functional balance between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue becomes paramount in regulating energy metabolism and promoting overall health. IL-6, as a representative cytokine, participates in various inflammatory responses, including non-classical inflammatory responses such as adipogenesis. Skeletal muscle influences adipogenesis through paracrine mechanisms, primarily by secreting IL-6. In this research paper, we aim to review the role of skeletal muscle-derived IL-6 in lipid metabolism and other physiological activities, such as insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. By doing so, we provide valuable insights into the regulatory function of skeletal muscle-derived myokines in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Lin
- *Correspondence: Weimin Lin, ; Ruiyi Lin,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruiyi Lin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Mendes S, Leal DV, Baker LA, Ferreira A, Smith AC, Viana JL. The Potential Modulatory Effects of Exercise on Skeletal Muscle Redox Status in Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076017. [PMID: 37046990 PMCID: PMC10094245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health burden with high mortality and health costs. CKD patients exhibit lower cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, strongly associated with morbidity/mortality, which is exacerbated when they reach the need for renal replacement therapies (RRT). Muscle wasting in CKD has been associated with an inflammatory/oxidative status affecting the resident cells' microenvironment, decreasing repair capacity and leading to atrophy. Exercise may help counteracting such effects; however, the molecular mechanisms remain uncertain. Thus, trying to pinpoint and understand these mechanisms is of particular interest. This review will start with a general background about myogenesis, followed by an overview of the impact of redox imbalance as a mechanism of muscle wasting in CKD, with focus on the modulatory effect of exercise on the skeletal muscle microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mendes
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
| | - Diogo V Leal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
| | - Luke A Baker
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle Team, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Aníbal Ferreira
- Nova Medical School, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
- NephroCare Portugal SA, 1750-233 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alice C Smith
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle Team, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - João L Viana
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
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Park C, Cha HJ, Hwangbo H, Ji SY, Kim DH, Kim MY, Bang E, Hong SH, Kim SO, Jeong SJ, Lee H, Moon SK, Shim JH, Kim GY, Cho S, Choi YH. Phloroglucinol Inhibits Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cytotoxicity in C2C12 Murine Myoblasts through Nrf-2-Mediated Activation of HO-1. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4637. [PMID: 36902068 PMCID: PMC10003575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phloroglucinol is a class of polyphenolic compounds containing aromatic phenyl rings and is known to have various pharmacological activities. Recently, we reported that this compound isolated from Ecklonia cava, a brown alga belonging to the family Laminariaceae, has potent antioxidant activity in human dermal keratinocytes. In this study, we evaluated whether phloroglucinol could protect against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in murine-derived C2C12 myoblasts. Our results revealed that phloroglucinol suppressed H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage while blocking the production of reactive oxygen species. We also found that phloroglucinol protected cells from the induction of apoptosis associated with mitochondrial impairment caused by H2O2 treatment. Furthermore, phloroglucinol enhanced the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) as well as the expression and activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). However, such anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective effects of phloroglucinol were greatly abolished by the HO-1 inhibitor, suggesting that phloroglucinol could increase the Nrf2-mediated activity of HO-1 to protect C2C12 myoblasts from oxidative stress. Taken together, our results indicate that phloroglucinol has a strong antioxidant activity as an Nrf2 activator and may have therapeutic benefits for oxidative-stress-mediated muscle disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Liberal Studies, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Hwangbo
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Yeong Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - EunJin Bang
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ok Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Life and Health, Kyungsung University, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Jeong Jeong
- Department of Dental Hygiene & Institute of Basic Science for Well-Aging, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology & Natural Resource, Chung-Ang University, Ansung 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Suengmok Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
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7
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Chen M, Wang Y, Deng S, Lian Z, Yu K. Skeletal muscle oxidative stress and inflammation in aging: Focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:964130. [PMID: 36111339 PMCID: PMC9470179 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.964130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
With aging, the progressive loss of skeletal muscle will have negative effect on multiple physiological parameters, such as exercise, respiration, thermoregulation, and metabolic homeostasis. Accumulating evidence reveals that oxidative stress and inflammation are the main pathological characteristics of skeletal muscle during aging. Here, we focus on aging-related sarcopenia, summarize the relationship between aging and sarcopenia, and elaborate on aging-mediated oxidative stress and oxidative damage in skeletal muscle and its critical role in the occurrence and development of sarcopenia. In addition, we discuss the production of excessive reactive oxygen species in aging skeletal muscle, which reduces the ability of skeletal muscle satellite cells to participate in muscle regeneration, and analyze the potential molecular mechanism of ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in aging skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we have also paid extensive attention to the possibility and potential regulatory pathways of skeletal muscle aging and oxidative stress mediate inflammation. Finally, in response to the abnormal activity of oxidative stress and inflammation during aging, we summarize several potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory strategies for the treatment of sarcopenia, which may provide beneficial help for improving sarcopenia during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization, Lin’an, China
| | - Shoulong Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengxing Lian, ; Kun Yu,
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengxing Lian, ; Kun Yu,
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Gholizade M, Farhadi A, Marzban M, Mahmudpour M, Nabipour I, Kalantarhormozi M, Shafiee G, Ostovar A, Larijani B, Darabi AH, Safavi E. Association between platelet, white blood cell count, platelet to white blood cell ratio and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: focus on Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:300. [PMID: 35395731 PMCID: PMC8991783 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02954-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder associated with harmful impacts on health. The present study aimed to investigate the relation between sarcopenia, platelet (PLT), white blood cell (WBC), and PLT to WBC ratio (PWR) due to the importance of early sarcopenia diagnosis. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the second stage of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Program. Sarcopenia was defined based on the revised edition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) in accordance with the Iranian cut-off point. Univariate and adjusted multivariate logistic regression and linear regression were used to evaluate the associations. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia among participants was 35.73%. PLT count and PWR were statistically higher in severe sarcopenic participants, while no differences were seen in WBC. In crude analysis, sarcopenia was not associated with quartiles of PLT, WBC, and PWR, while after adjusting for age, marital status, and sex, the association was seen in the fourth quartile of PLT and PWR [OR (95%CI) = 1.40 (1.08 to 1.81), p-value = 0.009 for PLT; OR (95%CI) =1.55 (1.20 to 2.00), p-value =0.001 for PWR]. This association remained significant in the fully adjusted model [OR (95%CI) =1.82 (1.20 to 2.78), p-value =0.005 for PLT; OR (95%CI) =1.57 (1.03 to 2.40), p-value =0.035 for PWR]. Among sarcopenia parameters, PLT count was more likely to be associated with handgrip strength and muscle mass. After stratifying the participants by gender, sarcopenia parameters were no longer statistically significant in men. CONCLUSION This study showed that PLT and PWR were associated with sarcopenia after considering confounding factors, while this association was not seen in WBC. Moreover, results showed that gender had an important impact on sarcopenia parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Gholizade
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Akram Farhadi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.,Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Maryam Marzban
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. .,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Mahmudpour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Darabi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Eisa Safavi
- Department of Paraclinic, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Jîtcă G, Ősz BE, Tero-Vescan A, Miklos AP, Rusz CM, Bătrînu MG, Vari CE. Positive Aspects of Oxidative Stress at Different Levels of the Human Body: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030572. [PMID: 35326222 PMCID: PMC8944834 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the subject of numerous studies, most of them focusing on the negative effects exerted at both molecular and cellular levels, ignoring the possible benefits of free radicals. More and more people admit to having heard of the term "oxidative stress", but few of them understand the meaning of it. We summarized and analyzed the published literature data in order to emphasize the importance and adaptation mechanisms of basal oxidative stress. This review aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms underlying the positive effects of oxidative stress, highlighting these effects, as well as the risks for the population consuming higher doses than the recommended daily intake of antioxidants. The biological dose-response curve in oxidative stress is unpredictable as reactive species are clearly responsible for cellular degradation, whereas antioxidant therapies can alleviate senescence by maintaining redox balance; nevertheless, excessive doses of the latter can modify the redox balance of the cell, leading to a negative outcome. It can be stated that the presence of oxidative status or oxidative stress is a physiological condition with well-defined roles, yet these have been insufficiently researched and explored. The involvement of reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of some associated diseases is well-known and the involvement of antioxidant therapies in the processes of senescence, apoptosis, autophagy, and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis cannot be denied. All data in this review support the idea that oxidative stress is an undesirable phenomenon in high and long-term concentrations, but regular exposure is consistent with the hormetic theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Jîtcă
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (G.J.); (C.E.V.)
| | - Bianca E. Ősz
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (G.J.); (C.E.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Amelia Tero-Vescan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (A.T.-V.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Amalia Pușcaș Miklos
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (A.T.-V.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Carmen-Maria Rusz
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, I.O.S.U.D, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (C.-M.R.); (M.-G.B.)
| | - Mădălina-Georgiana Bătrînu
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, I.O.S.U.D, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (C.-M.R.); (M.-G.B.)
| | - Camil E. Vari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (G.J.); (C.E.V.)
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10
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Abdelsaid K, Sudhahar V, Harris RA, Das A, Youn SW, Liu Y, McMenamin M, Hou Y, Fulton D, Hamrick MW, Tang Y, Fukai T, Ushio-Fukai M. Exercise improves angiogenic function of circulating exosomes in type 2 diabetes: Role of exosomal SOD3. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22177. [PMID: 35142393 PMCID: PMC8880294 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101323r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, key mediators of cell-cell communication, derived from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit detrimental effects. Exercise improves endothelial function in part via the secretion of exosomes into circulation. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is a major secretory copper (Cu) antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of O2•- to H2 O2 whose activity requires the Cu transporter ATP7A. However, the role of SOD3 in exercise-induced angiogenic effects of circulating plasma exosomes on endothelial cells (ECs) in T2DM remains unknown. Here, we show that both SOD3 and ATP7A proteins were present in plasma exosomes in mice, which was significantly increased after two weeks of volunteer wheel exercise. A single bout of exercise in humans also showed a significant increase in SOD3 and ATP7A protein expression in plasma exosomes. Plasma exosomes from T2DM mice significantly reduced angiogenic responses in human ECs or mouse skin wound healing models, which was associated with a decrease in ATP7A, but not SOD3 expression in exosomes. Exercise training in T2DM mice restored the angiogenic effects of T2DM exosomes in ECs by increasing ATP7A in exosomes, which was not observed in exercised T2DM/SOD3-/- mice. Furthermore, exosomes overexpressing SOD3 significantly enhanced angiogenesis in ECs by increasing local H2 O2 levels in a heparin-binding domain-dependent manner as well as restored defective wound healing and angiogenesis in T2DM or SOD3-/- mice. In conclusion, exercise improves the angiogenic potential of circulating exosomes in T2DM in a SOD3-dependent manner. Exosomal SOD3 may provide an exercise mimetic therapy that supports neovascularization and wound repair in cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Abdelsaid
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA
| | - Varadarajan Sudhahar
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA
| | | | - Archita Das
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Seock-Won Youn
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of cell biology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Maggie McMenamin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Yali Hou
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - David Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Mark W. Hamrick
- Department of cell biology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Yaoliang Tang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA,Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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11
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Maintenance of NAD+ Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle during Aging and Exercise. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040710. [PMID: 35203360 PMCID: PMC8869961 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a versatile chemical compound serving as a coenzyme in metabolic pathways and as a substrate to support the enzymatic functions of sirtuins (SIRTs), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), and cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase (CD38). Under normal physiological conditions, NAD+ consumption is matched by its synthesis primarily via the salvage pathway catalyzed by nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). However, aging and muscular contraction enhance NAD+ utilization, whereas NAD+ replenishment is limited by cellular sources of NAD+ precursors and/or enzyme expression. This paper will briefly review NAD+ metabolic functions, its roles in regulating cell signaling, mechanisms of its degradation and biosynthesis, and major challenges to maintaining its cellular level in skeletal muscle. The effects of aging, physical exercise, and dietary supplementation on NAD+ homeostasis will be highlighted based on recent literature.
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12
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Wang H, Han Y, Li S, Chen Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang J, Xia Y, Yuan J. Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome and Its Associated Cardiac Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:808115. [PMID: 35237671 PMCID: PMC8882844 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.808115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria is a ubiquitous, energy-supplying (ATP-based) organelle found in nearly all eukaryotes. It acts as a “power plant” by producing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, providing energy for the cell. The bioenergetic functions of mitochondria are regulated by nuclear genes (nDNA). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and respiratory enzymes lose normal structure and function when nuclear genes encoding the related mitochondrial factors are impaired, resulting in deficiency in energy production. Massive generation of reactive oxygen species and calcium overload are common causes of mitochondrial diseases. The mitochondrial depletion syndrome (MDS) is associated with the mutations of mitochondrial genes in the nucleus. It is a heterogeneous group of progressive disorders characterized by the low mtDNA copy number. TK2, FBXL4, TYPM, and AGK are genes known to be related to MDS. More recent studies identified new mutation loci associated with this disease. Herein, we first summarize the structure and function of mitochondria, and then discuss the characteristics of various types of MDS and its association with cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Wang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yijun Han
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shenwei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yunan Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Dongying Fifth People's Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jingsuo Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Yong Xia
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Jinxiang Yuan
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13
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Shi H, Wang S, Zhang Y, Liu P, Dong C, Wang D, Si G, Wang W, Li Y. The Effects of Tai Chi Exercise for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:6587221. [PMID: 35799947 PMCID: PMC9256439 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6587221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tai chi (TC) is a potential complementary treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This overview systematically summarizes and evaluates the existing evidence of TC in the treatment of T2DM. METHODS Systematic reviews (SRs)/meta-analyses (MAs) on TC interventions for T2DM were comprehensively searched in seven databases. Methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and quality of evidence were assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), the Risk of Bias in Systematic (ROBIS) scale, the list of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. RESULTS Eight published SRs/MAs were included in our study. Based on the methodology and quality of evidence assessment, all SRs/MAs are considered to be of very low quality, and only 1 SR/MA has been assessed as low risk of bias, and none of the SR/MA has been fully reported on the checklist. A total of 65 outcome indicators extracted from the included SRs/MAs were evaluated, and only 1 item was assessed as high quality. CONCLUSIONS TC may be an effective and safe complementary treatment for T2DM. However, this conclusion must be treated with caution because the quality of the evidence provided by the included SRs/MAs is generally low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuo Shi
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | | | - Yufeng Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Pulin Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chengda Dong
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guomin Si
- Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yujie Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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14
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Yeo D, Zhang T, Liu T, Zhang Y, Kang C, Ji LL. Protective Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Exercise Training on Rat Skeletal Muscle against High-fat Diet Feeding. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 100:108902. [PMID: 34748920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A diet high in saturated fat leads to skeletal muscle deteriorations including insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction and muscle fiber atrophy. Consumption of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and exercise have shown promise in ameliorating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the impact of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on mitochondrial homeostasis in muscle is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether 12 weeks of EVOO feeding alone and in conjunction with endurance training could protect against metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction rat muscle with HFD. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups fed a control diet (C), HFD, EVOO diet, and EVOO diet with training (EVOO+T). Mitochondrial enzyme activity and protein content decreased with HFD compared to C, but were restored with EVOO and EVOO+T. EVOO+T elevated muscle cytochrome c and PGC-1α levels. HFD increased muscle proteolytic markers and protein ubiquitination, whereas these effects were not seen in EVOO and EVOO+T. HFD suppressed mitochondrial fusion protein level while increasing fission protein levels, but were restored with EVOO and EVOO+T. Mitophagy marker PINK1 content decreased with HFD, but was unchanged in EVOO and EVOO+T. EVOO+T upregulated autophagy markers, along with decreased phosphorylated/dephosphorylated FoxO3 ratio. Antioxidants enzyme levels were upregulated by EVOO and EVOO+T, and EVOO+T reduced HFD-induced lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, HFD impaired muscle oxidative capacity, promoted protein ubiquitination and mitochondrial fission, and upregulated autophagy markers. Replacement of HFD with EVOO corrected the observed adverse effects, while exercise training in conjunction with EVOO provided additional protection to the muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Yeo
- The Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene and Exercise Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tianou Zhang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Sports Nutrition, Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Physical Education, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Yuzi Zhang
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Austin Campus, Austin, TX 78701 USA
| | - Chounghun Kang
- Department of Physical Education, Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Li Li Ji
- The Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene and Exercise Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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15
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Nan J, Li J, Lin Y, Saif Ur Rahman M, Li Z, Zhu L. The interplay between mitochondria and store-operated Ca 2+ entry: Emerging insights into cardiac diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9496-9512. [PMID: 34564947 PMCID: PMC8505841 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) machinery, including Orai channels, TRPCs, and STIM1, is key to cellular calcium homeostasis. The following characteristics of mitochondria are involved in the physiological and pathological regulation of cells: mitochondria mediate calcium uptake through calcium uniporters; mitochondria are regulated by mitochondrial dynamic related proteins (OPA1, MFN1/2, and DRP1) and form mitochondrial networks through continuous fission and fusion; mitochondria supply NADH to the electron transport chain through the Krebs cycle to produce ATP; under stress, mitochondria will produce excessive reactive oxygen species to regulate mitochondria‐endoplasmic reticulum interactions and the related signalling pathways. Both SOCE and mitochondria play critical roles in mediating cardiac hypertrophy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and cardiac ischaemia‐reperfusion injury. All the mitochondrial characteristics mentioned above are determinants of SOCE activity, and vice versa. Ca2+ signalling dictates the reciprocal regulation between mitochondria and SOCE under the specific pathological conditions of cardiomyocytes. The coupling of mitochondria and SOCE is essential for various pathophysiological processes in the heart. Herein, we review the research focussing on the reciprocal regulation between mitochondria and SOCE and provide potential interplay patterns in cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Nan
- Provincial Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Li
- Provincial Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Lin
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Biomedical Institute, Haining, Zhejiang, China.,Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengzheng Li
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Experimental Neurobiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Zhu
- Provincial Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Redox Signaling and Sarcopenia: Searching for the Primary Suspect. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169045. [PMID: 34445751 PMCID: PMC8396474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, the age-related decline in muscle mass and function, derives from multiple etiological mechanisms. Accumulative research suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation plays a critical role in the development of this pathophysiological disorder. In this communication, we review the various signaling pathways that control muscle metabolic and functional integrity such as protein turnover, cell death and regeneration, inflammation, organismic damage, and metabolic functions. Although no single pathway can be identified as the most crucial factor that causes sarcopenia, age-associated dysregulation of redox signaling appears to underlie many deteriorations at physiological, subcellular, and molecular levels. Furthermore, discord of mitochondrial homeostasis with aging affects most observed problems and requires our attention. The search for the primary suspect of the fundamental mechanism for sarcopenia will likely take more intense research for the secret of this health hazard to the elderly to be unlocked.
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17
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Furtado GE, Letieri RV, Caldo-Silva A, Sardão VA, Teixeira AM, de Barros MP, Vieira RP, Bachi ALL. Sustaining efficient immune functions with regular physical exercise in the COVID-19 era and beyond. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13485. [PMID: 33393082 PMCID: PMC7883243 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) appearance in Wuhan, China, did rise the new virus disease (COVID-19), which spread globally in a short time, leading the World Health Organization to declare a new global pandemic. To contain and mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2, specific public health procedures were implemented in virtually all countries, with a significant impact on society, making it difficult to keep the regular practice of physical activity. It is widely accepted that an active lifestyle contributes to the improvement of general health and preservation of cardiovascular, respiratory, osteo-muscular and immune system capacities. The positive effects of regular physical activity on the immune system have emerged as a pivotal trigger of general health, underlying the beneficial effects of physical activity on multiple physiological systems. Accordingly, recent studies have already pointed out the negative impact of physical inactivity caused by the social isolation imposed by the public sanitary authorities due to COVID-19. Nevertheless, there are still no current narrative reviews evaluating the real impact of COVID-19 on active lifestyle or even discussing the possible beneficial effects of exercise-promoted immune upgrade against the severity or progression of COVID-19. Based on the consensus in the scientific literature, in this review, we discuss how an exercise adherence could adequately improve immune responses in times of the 'COVID-19 Era and beyond'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado
- Health Sciences Research Unit, Nursing (UICISA:E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), Coimbra, Portugal.,N2i - Polytechnic Institute of Maia, Maia, Portugal.,University of Coimbra-Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, UID/PTD/04213/2019) at Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education, (FCDEF-UC), Portugal
| | - Rubens Vinícius Letieri
- Post-doctoral Researcher, Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, Brazil.,Multidisciplinary Research Nucleus in Physical Education (NIMEF), Physical Education Department, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Tocantinópolis, Brazil
| | - Adriana Caldo-Silva
- University of Coimbra-Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, UID/PTD/04213/2019) at Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education, (FCDEF-UC), Portugal
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), UC_Biotech, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Teixeira
- Multidisciplinary Research Nucleus in Physical Education (NIMEF), Physical Education Department, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Tocantinópolis, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Paes de Barros
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), UC_Biotech, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports (ICAFE), MSc/PhD Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil.,Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-graduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Santos, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Bioengineering and in Biomedical Engineering, University Brazil, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Medicine, Anhembi Morumbi University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - André Luís Lacerda Bachi
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology, São José dos Campos, Brazil.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Lab, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Bouviere J, Fortunato RS, Dupuy C, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Carvalho DP, Louzada RA. Exercise-Stimulated ROS Sensitive Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040537. [PMID: 33808211 PMCID: PMC8066165 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise represents a major challenge to whole-body homeostasis, provoking acute and adaptative responses at the cellular and systemic levels. Different sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been described in skeletal muscle (e.g., NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and mitochondria) and are closely related to the physiological changes induced by physical exercise through the modulation of several signaling pathways. Many signaling pathways that are regulated by exercise-induced ROS generation, such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear respiratory factor2 (NRF2), and PGC-1α are involved in skeletal muscle responses to physical exercise, such as increased glucose uptake, mitochondriogenesis, and hypertrophy, among others. Most of these adaptations are blunted by antioxidants, revealing the crucial role played by ROS during and after physical exercise. When ROS generation is either insufficient or exacerbated, ROS-mediated signaling is disrupted, as well as physical exercise adaptations. Thus, an understanding the limit between "ROS that can promote beneficial effects" and "ROS that can promote harmful effects" is a challenging question in exercise biology. The identification of new mediators that cause reductive stress and thereby disrupt exercise-stimulated ROS signaling is a trending on this topic and are covered in this current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bouviere
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.B.); (R.S.F.); (D.P.C.)
| | - Rodrigo S. Fortunato
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.B.); (R.S.F.); (D.P.C.)
| | - Corinne Dupuy
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9019CNRS, Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France;
| | - Joao Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Denise P. Carvalho
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.B.); (R.S.F.); (D.P.C.)
| | - Ruy A. Louzada
- Institut of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.B.); (R.S.F.); (D.P.C.)
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9019CNRS, Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France;
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
- Correspondence:
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19
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Rosado-Pérez J, Castelán-Martínez OD, Mújica-Calderón AJ, Sánchez-Rodríguez MA, Mendoza-Núñez VM. Effect of Tai Chi on Markers of Oxidative Stress: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073458. [PMID: 33810466 PMCID: PMC8037964 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to synthesize the evidence of the effect of practicing Tai Chi on oxidative stress markers (OxSM). Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducting using the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Epistemonikos, Lilacs, and Ovid databases to identify randomized (RCT) and non-randomized (NRCT) clinical trials that evaluated the Tai Chi effect on OxSM compared to sedentary behavior, walking or yoga. Pooled mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using the inverse variance method to determine the effect of Tai Chi on OxSM. PROSPERO register: CRD42019138362. Results: Five RCT and five NRCT were included. Compared to sedentary behavior, regular Tai Chi practice increases the levels of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (MD = 34.97 U/mL, (95%CI, 9.45 to 60.48), 344 participants) and catalase (MD = 15.63 U/mL, (95%CI, 4.05 to 27.22), 110 participants), as well as reducing the levels of lipoperoxides (MD = −0.02 µmol/L, (95%CI, −0.04 to −0.00), 234 participants). For comparisons with walking or yoga, only one study per activity was identified comparing the effect on OxSM. Conclusions: Regular Tai Chi practice increases the levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as reducing the levels of lipoperoxides. More studies are necessary to determine the effect of Tai Chi on OxSM when compared to other physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Rosado-Pérez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México P.C. 09230, Mexico; (J.R.-P.); (A.J.M.-C.); (M.A.S.-R.)
| | - Osvaldo D. Castelán-Martínez
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México P.C. 09230, Mexico;
| | - Abril J. Mújica-Calderón
- Research Unit on Gerontology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México P.C. 09230, Mexico; (J.R.-P.); (A.J.M.-C.); (M.A.S.-R.)
| | - Martha A. Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México P.C. 09230, Mexico; (J.R.-P.); (A.J.M.-C.); (M.A.S.-R.)
| | - Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México P.C. 09230, Mexico; (J.R.-P.); (A.J.M.-C.); (M.A.S.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5623-0721; Fax: +52-55-5773-6330
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Effects of Resistance Training on the Redox Status of Skeletal Muscle in Older Adults. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030350. [PMID: 33652958 PMCID: PMC7996821 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) on the redox status of skeletal muscle in older adults. Thirteen males aged 64 ± 9 years performed full-body RT 2x/week for 6 weeks. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis prior to and following RT. The mRNA, protein, and enzymatic activity levels of various endogenous antioxidants were determined. In addition, skeletal muscle 4-hydroxynonenal and protein carbonyls were determined as markers of oxidative damage. Protein levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs) were also quantified. RT increased mRNA levels of all assayed antioxidant genes, albeit protein levels either did not change or decreased. RT increased total antioxidant capacity, catalase, and glutathione reductase activities, and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity. Lipid peroxidation also decreased and HSP60 protein increased following RT. In summary, 6 weeks of RT decreased oxidative damage and increased antioxidant enzyme activities. Our results suggest the older adult responses to RT involve multi-level (transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational) control of the redox status of skeletal muscle.
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21
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Gauze-Gnagne C, Raynaud F, Djohan YF, Lauret C, Feillet-Coudray C, Coudray C, Monde A, Koffi G, Morena M, Camara-Cisse M, Cristol JP, Badia E. Impact of diets rich in olive oil, palm oil or lard on myokine expression in rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:9114-9128. [PMID: 33025998 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01269f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
It has recently emerged that myokines may be an important skeletal muscle adaptive response to obesogenic diets in sedentary subjects (who do not exercise). This study aimed to assess the influence of various high fat (HF) diets rich in either crude palm oil (cPO), refined palm oil (rPO), olive oil (OO) or lard on the modulation of myokine gene expression in the gastrocnemius. Five groups of 8 rats were each fed HF or control diet for 12 weeks. Systemic parameters concerning glucose, insulin, inflammation, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and transaminases were assessed by routine methods or ELISA. Akt and ACC phosphorylation were analyzed by WB in the soleus. Mitochondrial density, inflammation, and the gene expression of 17 myokines and the apelin receptor (Apj) were assessed by qPCR in the gastrocnemius. We found that HF diet-fed rats were insulin resistant and Akt phosphorylation decreased in the soleus muscle, but without any change in Glut4 gene expression. Systemic (IL-6) and muscle inflammation (NFκB and IκB) were not affected by the HF diets as well as TBARS, and ASAT level was enhanced with OO diet. Soleus pACC phosphorylation and gastrocnemius mitochondrial density were not significantly altered. The gene expression of some myokines was respectively increased (myostatin and Il-15) and decreased (Fndc5 and apelin) with the HF diets, whatever the type of fat used. The gene expression of two myokines with anti-inflammatory properties, Il-10 and myonectin, was dependent on the type of fat used and was most increased respectively with cPO or both rPO and OO diets. In conclusion, high-fat diets can differentially modulate the expression of some myokines, either in a dependent manner or independently of their composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Gauze-Gnagne
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. and Institut National d'Hygiène Publique, INHP, Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire and PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Raynaud
- PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Youzan Ferdinand Djohan
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Céline Lauret
- PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Absalome Monde
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Gervais Koffi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. and PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Morena
- PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Département de Biochimie et Hormonologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Massara Camara-Cisse
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU, Univ. Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Jean Paul Cristol
- PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Département de Biochimie et Hormonologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Badia
- PhyMedExp, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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22
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Choi YH. Trans-cinnamaldehyde protects C2C12 myoblasts from DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis caused by oxidative stress through inhibiting ROS production. Genes Genomics 2020; 43:303-312. [PMID: 32851512 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-00987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress-induced myoblast damage is one of the major causes of skeletal muscle loss associated with inhibition of myogenic differentiation and muscle dysfunction. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (tCA), the most common essential oil constituent in cinnamon, is known to possess strong anti-oxidant activity. However, it has not been determined whether tCA can protect myoblasts from oxidative damage. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of tCA against oxidative stress-induced damage in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells. METHODS To examine the efficacy of tCA to protect against oxidative damage, cell viability, morphological changes, DNA damage, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) analysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and Western blotting were applied. RESULTS tCA suppressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced growth inhibition and DNA damage by blocking abnormal ROS accumulation. In addition, tCA attenuated apoptosis by suppressing loss of MMP and cytosolic release of cytochrome c, increasing the rate of Bcl-2/Bax expression and reducing the activity of caspase-3 in H2O2-stimulated cells, suggesting that tCA protected C2C12 cells from mitochondria-mediated apoptosis caused by oxidative stress. CONCLUSION The results showed that tCA may be useful as a potential treatment for the prevention and treatment of various oxidative stress-related muscle disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Zullo A, Fleckenstein J, Schleip R, Hoppe K, Wearing S, Klingler W. Structural and Functional Changes in the Coupling of Fascial Tissue, Skeletal Muscle, and Nerves During Aging. Front Physiol 2020; 11:592. [PMID: 32670080 PMCID: PMC7327116 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a one-way process associated with profound structural and functional changes in the organism. Indeed, the neuromuscular system undergoes a wide remodeling, which involves muscles, fascia, and the central and peripheral nervous systems. As a result, intrinsic features of tissues, as well as their functional and structural coupling, are affected and a decline in overall physical performance occurs. Evidence from the scientific literature demonstrates that senescence is associated with increased stiffness and reduced elasticity of fascia, as well as loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and regenerative potential. The interaction between muscular and fascial structures is also weakened. As for the nervous system, aging leads to motor cortex atrophy, reduced motor cortical excitability, and plasticity, thus leading to accumulation of denervated muscle fibers. As a result, the magnitude of force generated by the neuromuscular apparatus, its transmission along the myofascial chain, joint mobility, and movement coordination are impaired. In this review, we summarize the evidence about the deleterious effect of aging on skeletal muscle, fascial tissue, and the nervous system. In particular, we address the structural and functional changes occurring within and between these tissues and discuss the effect of inflammation in aging. From the clinical perspective, this article outlines promising approaches for analyzing the composition and the viscoelastic properties of skeletal muscle, such as ultrasonography and elastography, which could be applied for a better understanding of musculoskeletal modifications occurring with aging. Moreover, we describe the use of tissue manipulation techniques, such as massage, traction, mobilization as well as acupuncture, dry needling, and nerve block, to enhance fascial repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Zullo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Johannes Fleckenstein
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Schleip
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hoppe
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Würzburg University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Scott Wearing
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Health School, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Werner Klingler
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Health School, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Fascia Research Group, Department of Experimental Anaesthesiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anaesthesiology, SRH Hospital Sigmaringen, Sigmaringen, Germany
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24
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Diphenyl diselenide blunts swimming training on mitochondrial liver redox adaptation mechanisms of aged animals. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-019-00603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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25
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Thirupathi A, Pinho RA, Chang YZ. Physical exercise: An inducer of positive oxidative stress in skeletal muscle aging. Life Sci 2020; 252:117630. [PMID: 32294473 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the core of most pathological situations, and its attribution toward disease conversion is not yet well established. The adaptive capacity of a cell can overcome ROS-induced pathology. However, when a cell fails to extend its maximum adaptive capacity against oxidative stress, it could lead a cell to misbehave or defunct from its normal functions. Any type of physical activity can increase the cells' maximum adaptive capacity, but aging can limit this. However, whether aging is the initiating point of reducing cells' adaptive capacity against oxidative stress or oxidative stress can induce the aging process is a mystery, and it could be the key to solving several uncured diseases. Paradoxically, minimum ROS is needed for cellular homeostasis. Nevertheless, finding factors that can limit or nullify the production of ROS for cellular homeostasis is a million-dollar question. Regular physical exercise is considered to be one of the factors that can limit the production of ROS and increase the ROS-induced benefits in the cells through inducing minimum oxidative stress and increasing maximum adapting capacity against oxidative stress-induced damages. The type and intensity of exercise that can produce such positive effects in the cells remain unclear. Therefore, this review discusses how physical exercise can help to produce minimal positive oxidative stress in preventing skeletal muscle aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Thirupathi
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050024, China.
| | - Ricardo A Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050024, China
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26
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Peixoto JVC, Santos ASR, Corso CR, da Silva FS, Capote A, Ribeiro CD, Abreu BJDGA, Acco A, Fogaça RH, Dias FAL. Thirty-day experimental diabetes impairs contractility and increases fatigue resistance in rat diaphragm muscle associated with increased anti-oxidative activity. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:490-497. [PMID: 32243773 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that can generate tissue damage through several pathways. Alteration and dysfunction of skeletal muscle are reported including respiratory muscles, which may compromise respiratory parameters in diabetic patients. We have aimed to evaluate the diaphragm muscle contractility, tissue remodeling, oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters from 30 day streptozotocin-treated rats. The diaphragm contractility was assessed using isolated muscle, tissue remodeling using histology and zymography techniques, and tissue oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters by enzyme activity assay. Our data revealed in the diabetes mellitus group an increase in maximum tetanic force (4.82 ± 0.13 versus 4.24 ± 0.18 N/cm2 (p = 0.015)) and fatigue resistance (139.16 ± 10.78 versus 62.25 ± 4.45 s (p < 0.001)), reduction of 35.4% in muscle trophism (p < 0.001), increase of 32.6% of collagen deposition (p = 0.007), reduction of 21.3% in N-acetylglucosaminidase activity (p < 0.001), and increase of 246.7% of catalase activity (p = 0.002) without changes in reactive oxygen species (p = 0.518) and tissue lipid peroxidation (p = 0.664). All observed changes are attributed to the poor glycemic control (471.20 ± 16.91 versus 80.00 ± 3.42 mg/dL (p < 0.001)), which caused defective tissue regeneration and increased catalase activity as a compensatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Capelli Peixoto
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Antônio Sérgio Rocha Santos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Claudia Rita Corso
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Flavio Santos da Silva
- Department of Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Av. Francisco Mota 572, Pres. Costa e Silva, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Andrielle Capote
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Cibele Dias Ribeiro
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Bento João da Graça Azevedo Abreu
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Candelária, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59064-741, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Rosalvo Hochmueller Fogaça
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Fernando Augusto Lavezzo Dias
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-980, Brazil
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27
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Shimizu I, Minamino T. Cellular Senescence in Arterial Diseases. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:79-91. [PMID: 32821723 PMCID: PMC7379072 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-proliferation potency is limited, as cells cannot proceed through the cell cycle continually. Instead, they eventually show an irreversible arrest of proliferation, commonly referred to as cellular senescence. Following the initial discovery of this phenomenon by Hayflick et al., studies have indicated that cells are also destined to undergo aging. In addition to the irreversible termination of proliferation, senescent cells are characterized by a flattened and enlarged morphology. Senescent cells become pro-inflammatory and contribute to the initiation and maintenance of sustained chronic sterile inflammation. Aging is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells in the cardiovascular system, and in general these cells are considered to be pathogenic because they mediate vascular remodeling. Recently, genetic and pharmacological approaches have enabled researchers to eliminate senescent cells both in vitro and in vivo. The term “senolysis” is now used to refer to the depletion of senescent cells, and evidence indicates that senolysis contributes to the reversal of age-related pathogenic phenotypes without the risk of tumorigenesis. The concept of senolysis has opened new avenues in research on aging, and senolysis may be a promising therapeutic approach for combating age-related disorders, including arterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Gronek P, Balko S, Gronek J, Zajac A, Maszczyk A, Celka R, Doberska A, Czarny W, Podstawski R, Clark CCT, Yu F. Physical Activity and Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review. Aging Dis 2019; 10:1282-1292. [PMID: 31788339 PMCID: PMC6844593 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although age is a dominant risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), epidemiological studies have shown that physical activity may significantly decrease age-related risks for AD, and indeed mitigate the impact in existing diagnosis. The aim of this study was to perform a narrative review on the preventative, and mitigating, effects of physical activity on AD onset, including genetic factors, mechanism of action and physical activity typology. In this article, we conducted a narrative review of the influence physical activity and exercise have on AD, utilising key terms related to AD, physical activity, mechanism and prevention, searching the online databases; Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar, and, subsequently, discuss possible mechanisms of this action. On the basis of this review, it is evident that physical activity and exercise may be incorporated in AD, notwithstanding, a greater number of high-quality randomised controlled trials are needed, moreover, physical activity typology must be acutely considered, primarily due to a dearth of research on the efficacy of physical activity types other than aerobic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gronek
- 1Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland
| | - Stefan Balko
- 2Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University in Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Gronek
- 1Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland
| | - Adam Zajac
- 3Department of Physical Education, University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adam Maszczyk
- 4Department of Methodology and Statistics, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Roman Celka
- 1Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Doberska
- 1Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland
| | - Wojciech Czarny
- 5Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Human Sciences, University of Rzeszow, ul. Towarnickiego 3, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Robert Podstawski
- 6Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Cain C T Clark
- 7Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, United Kingdom
| | - Fang Yu
- 8School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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29
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Abete I, Konieczna J, Zulet MA, Galmés-Panades AM, Ibero-Baraibar I, Babio N, Estruch R, Vidal J, Toledo E, Razquin C, Bartolomé R, Díaz-Lopez A, Fiol M, Casas R, Vera J, Buil-Cosiales P, Pintó X, Corbella E, Portillo MP, de Paz JA, Martín V, Daimiel L, Goday A, Rosique-Esteban N, Salas-Salvadó J, Romaguera D, Martínez JA. Association of lifestyle factors and inflammation with sarcopenic obesity: data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:974-984. [PMID: 31144432 PMCID: PMC6818445 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder associated with increased likelihood of adverse outcomes. Muscle wasting is often accompanied by an increase in body fat, leading to 'sarcopenic obesity'. The aim of the present study was to analyse the association of lifestyle variables such as diet, dietary components, physical activity (PA), body composition, and inflammatory markers, with the risk of sarcopenic obesity. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis based on baseline data from the PREDIMED-Plus study was performed. A total of 1535 participants (48% women) with overweight/obesity (body mass index: 32.5 ± 3.3 kg/m2 ; age: 65.2 ± 4.9 years old) and metabolic syndrome were categorized according to sex-specific tertiles (T) of the sarcopenic index (SI) as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning. Anthropometrical measurements, biochemical markers, dietary intake, and PA information were collected. Linear regression analyses were carried out to evaluate the association between variables. RESULTS Subjects in the first SI tertile were older, less physically active, showed higher frequency of abdominal obesity and diabetes, and consumed higher saturated fat and less vitamin C than subjects from the other two tertiles (all P < 0.05). Multiple adjusted linear regression models evidenced significant positive associations across tertiles of SI with adherence to the Mediterranean dietary score (P-trend < 0.05), PA (P-trend < 0.0001), and the 30 s chair stand test (P-trend < 0.0001), whereas significant negative associations were found with an inadequate vitamin C consumption (P-trend < 0.05), visceral fat and leucocyte count (all P-trend < 0.0001), and some white cell subtypes (neutrophils and monocytes), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet count (all P-trend < 0.05). When models were additionally adjusted by potential mediators (inflammatory markers, diabetes, and waist circumference), no relevant changes were observed, only dietary variables lost significance. CONCLUSIONS Diet and PA are important regulatory mediators of systemic inflammation, which is directly involved in the sarcopenic process. A healthy dietary pattern combined with exercise is a promising strategy to limit age-related sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Abete
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M Angeles Zulet
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aina M Galmés-Panades
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Idoia Ibero-Baraibar
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Department of Endocrinology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Bartolomé
- Atención Primaria, Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Andrés Díaz-Lopez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vera
- Institut Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Buil-Cosiales
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Atención Primaria, Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emili Corbella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Puy Portillo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Martín
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of León, León, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA), Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department de Medicina, Hospital del Mar Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Rosique-Esteban
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.,Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA), Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
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Damiano S, Muscariello E, La Rosa G, Di Maro M, Mondola P, Santillo M. Dual Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Muscle Function: Can Antioxidant Dietary Supplements Counteract Age-Related Sarcopenia? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153815. [PMID: 31387214 PMCID: PMC6696113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. In older people, malnutrition and physical inactivity are often associated with sarcopenia, and, therefore, dietary interventions and exercise must be considered to prevent, delay, or treat it. Among the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to sarcopenia, a key role is played by an increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) levels and a decrease in enzymatic antioxidant protection leading to oxidative stress. Many studies have evaluated, in addition to the effects of exercise, the effects of antioxidant dietary supplements in limiting age-related muscle mass and performance, but the data which have been reported are conflicting. In skeletal muscle, ROS/RNS have a dual function: at low levels they increase muscle force and adaptation to exercise, while at high levels they lead to a decline of muscle performance. Controversial results obtained with antioxidant supplementation in older persons could in part reflect the lack of univocal effects of ROS on muscle mass and function. The purpose of this review is to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the dual effects of ROS in skeletal muscle function and the analysis of literature data on dietary antioxidant supplementation associated with exercise in normal and sarcopenic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Damiano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Espedita Muscariello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana La Rosa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Di Maro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Mondola
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Santillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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31
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Bae HS, Son HY, Son Y, Kim S, Hong HS, Park JU. Assessing biological aging following systemic administration of bFGF-supplemented adipose-derived stem cells with high efficacy in an experimental rat model. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2407-2416. [PMID: 30906427 PMCID: PMC6425125 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological aging (BA) is a tool for comprehensive assessment of individual health status. A rat model was developed for measuring BA by intravenously administering adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into rats and evaluating several biochemical parameters. In addition, the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the differentiation potential of ADSCs was analyzed. A total of 12 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into autologous ADSC administration (n=6) and saline administration (n=6) groups. The ADSC administration group was further divided into the bFGF supplemented (n=3) and bFGF non-supplemented (n=3) groups. Biochemical parameters and antioxidant potential were evaluated prior to fat harvest and ADSC administration, as well as 1, 3, and 5 weeks following ADSC administration. ADSC administration regulated inflammation, renal and hepatic functions, and levels of antioxidant enzymes. The cell doubling time of the bFGF-supplemented group was shorter (P=0.0001) than that of the bFGF non-supplemented group. Renal and hepatic functions were maintained with bFGF supplementation, which possibly enhanced the effect of ADSCs. The rat model developed in the present study may promote better understanding of BA in the context of bFGF-supplemented ADSC administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahn-Sol Bae
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Youn Son
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsook Son
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 16979, Republic of Korea
| | - Sundong Kim
- Senior Science Life Corporation, Seoul 08594, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Sook Hong
- Kyung Hee Institute for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ung Park
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
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32
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Kiang JG, Olabisi AO. Radiation: a poly-traumatic hit leading to multi-organ injury. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:25. [PMID: 30911370 PMCID: PMC6417034 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The range of radiation threats we face today includes everything from individual radiation exposures to mass casualties resulting from a terrorist incident, and many of these exposure scenarios include the likelihood of additional traumatic injury as well. Radiation injury is defined as an ionizing radiation exposure inducing a series of organ injury within a specified time. Severity of organ injury depends on the radiation dose and the duration of radiation exposure. Organs and cells with high sensitivity to radiation injury are the skin, the hematopoietic system, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, spermatogenic cells, and the vascular system. In general, acute radiation syndrome (ARS) includes DNA double strand breaks (DSB), hematopoietic syndrome (bone marrow cells and circulatory cells depletion), cutaneous injury, GI death, brain hemorrhage, and splenomegaly within 30 days after radiation exposure. Radiation injury sensitizes target organs and cells resulting in ARS. Among its many effects on tissue integrity at various levels, radiation exposure results in activation of the iNOS/NF-kB/NF-IL6 and p53/Bax pathways; and increases DNA single and double strand breaks, TLR signaling, cytokine concentrations, bacterial infection, cytochrome c release from mitochondria to cytoplasm, and possible PARP-dependent NAD and ATP-pool depletion. These alterations lead to apoptosis and autophagy and, as a result, increased mortality. In this review, we summarize what is known about how radiation exposure leads to the radiation response with time. We also describe current and prospective countermeasures relevant to the treatment and prevention of radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliann G. Kiang
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Ayodele O. Olabisi
- Radiation Combined Injury Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA
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33
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Physical Activity and Nutrition: Two Promising Strategies for Telomere Maintenance? Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121942. [PMID: 30544511 PMCID: PMC6316700 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As the world demographic structure is getting older, highlighting strategies to counteract age-related diseases is a major public health concern. Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures that serve as guardians of genome stability by ensuring protection against both cell death and senescence. A hallmark of biological aging, telomere health is determined throughout the lifespan by a combination of both genetic and non-genetic influences. This review summarizes data from recently published studies looking at the effect of lifestyle variables such as nutrition and physical activity on telomere dynamics.
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34
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Addinsall AB, Martin SD, Collier F, Conlan XA, Foletta VC, Stupka N. Differential regulation of cellular stress responses by the endoplasmic reticulum-resident Selenoprotein S (Seps1) in proliferating myoblasts versus myotubes. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13926. [PMID: 30557449 PMCID: PMC6296459 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant Selenoprotein S (Seps1, Selenos) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein associated with metabolic and inflammatory disease. While Seps1 is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, its mechanistic role as an antioxidant in skeletal muscle cells is not well characterized. In C2C12 myotubes treated with palmitate for 24 h, endogenous Seps1 protein expression was upregulated twofold. Two different siRNA constructs were used to investigate whether decreased levels of Seps1 exacerbated lipid-induced oxidative and ER stress in C2C12 myotubes and myoblasts, which differ with regards to cell cycle state and metabolic phenotype. In myoblasts, Seps1 protein knockdown of ~50% or ~75% exacerbated cellular stress responses in the presence of palmitate; as indicated by decreased cell viability and proliferation, higher H2 O2 levels, a lower reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH:GSSG) ratio, and enhanced gene expression of ER and oxidative stress markers. Even in the absence of palmitate, Seps1 knockdown increased oxidative stress in myoblasts. Whereas, in myotubes in the presence of palmitate, a ~50% knockdown of Seps1 was associated with a trend toward a marginal (3-5%) decrease in viability (P = 0.05), decreased cellular ROS levels, and a reduced mRNA transcript abundance of the cellular stress marker thioredoxin inhibitory binding protein (Txnip). Furthermore, no enhancement of gene markers of ER stress was observed in palmitate-treated myotubes in response to Seps1 knockdown. In conclusion, reduced Seps1 levels exacerbate nutrient-induced cellular stress responses to a greater extent in glycolytic, proliferating myoblasts than in oxidative, differentiated myotubes, thus demonstrating the importance of cell phenotype to Seps1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex B. Addinsall
- Centre for Molecular and Medical ResearchSchool of MedicineDeakin UniversityGeelongAustralia
| | - Sheree D. Martin
- Centre for Molecular and Medical ResearchSchool of MedicineDeakin UniversityGeelongAustralia
| | - Fiona Collier
- GCEID, University HospitalBarwon HealthGeelongAustralia
- School of MedicineDeakin UniversityGeelongAustralia
| | - Xavier A. Conlan
- Centre for Chemistry and BiotechnologySchool of Life and Environmental SciencesFaculty of Science, Engineering and Built EnvironmentDeakin UniversityGeelongAustralia
| | - Victoria C. Foletta
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN)School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongAustralia
| | - Nicole Stupka
- Centre for Molecular and Medical ResearchSchool of MedicineDeakin UniversityGeelongAustralia
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35
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TRPC channels in exercise-mimetic therapy. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:507-517. [PMID: 30298191 PMCID: PMC6515694 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2211-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise yields beneficial effects on all types of muscle cells, which are essential for the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis and good blood circulation. Daily moderate exercise increases systemic antioxidative capacity, which can lead to the prevention of the onset and progression of oxidative stress-related diseases. Therefore, exercise is now widely accepted as one of the best therapeutic strategies for the treatment of ischemic (hypoxic) diseases. Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) proteins are non-selective cation channels activated by mechanical stress and/or stimulation of phospholipase C-coupled surface receptors. TRPC channels, especially diacylglycerol-activated TRPC channels (TRPC3 and TRPC6; TRPC3/6), play a key role in the development of cardiovascular remodeling. We have recently found that physical interaction between TRPC3 and NADPH oxidase (Nox) 2 under hypoxic stress promotes Nox2-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mediates rodent cardiac plasticity, and inhibition of the TRPC3-Nox2 protein complex results in enhancement of myocardial compliance and flexibility similar to that observed in exercise-treated hearts. In this review, we describe current understanding of the roles of TRPC channels in striated muscle (patho)physiology and propose that targeting TRPC-based protein complexes could be a new strategy to imitate exercise therapy.
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36
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Schmitt A, Haug AL, Schlegel F, Fragasso A, Munz B. Effects of 10 weeks of regular running exercise with and without parallel PDTC treatment on expression of genes encoding sarcomere-associated proteins in murine skeletal muscle. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:1041-1054. [PMID: 29797237 PMCID: PMC6111093 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise can induce various adaptation reactions in skeletal muscle tissue, such as sarcomere remodeling. The latter involves degradation of damaged sarcomere components, as well as de novo protein synthesis and sarcomere assembly. These processes are controlled by specific protease systems in parallel with molecular chaperones that assist in folding of newly synthesized polypeptide chains and their incorporation into sarcomeres. Since acute exercise induces oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to activation of the transcription factor NFκB (nuclear factor kappa B), we speculated that this transcription factor might also play a role in the regulation of long-term adaptation to regular exercise. Thus, we studied skeletal muscle adaptation to running exercise in a murine model system, with and without parallel treatment with the NFκB-inhibitory, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory drug pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). In control mice, 10 weeks of uphill (15° incline) treadmill running for 60 min thrice a week at a final speed of 14 m/min had differential, but only minor effects on many genes encoding molecular chaperones for sarcomere proteins, and/or factors involved in the degradation of the latter. Furthermore, there were marked differences between individual muscles. PDTC treatment modulated gene expression patterns as well, both in sedentary and exercising mice; however, most of these effects were also modest and there was little effect of PDTC treatment on exercise-induced changes in gene expression. Taken together, our data suggest that moderate-intensity treadmill running, with or without parallel PDTC treatment, had little effect on the expression of genes encoding sarcomere components and sarcomere-associated factors in murine skeletal muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Schmitt
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne-Lena Haug
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schlegel
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annunziata Fragasso
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Munz
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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37
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Arthur KL, Wilson LS, Turner MA, Lindley MR, Reynolds JC, Creaser CS. The determination of salivary oxypurines before and after exercise by combined liquid chromatography-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12127-018-0232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Thirupathi A, Pinho RA. Effects of reactive oxygen species and interplay of antioxidants during physical exercise in skeletal muscles. J Physiol Biochem 2018; 74:359-367. [PMID: 29713940 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-018-0633-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A large number of researches have led to a substantial growth of knowledge about exercise and oxidative stress. Initial investigations reported that physical exercise generates free radical-mediated damages to cells; however, in recent years, studies have shown that regular exercise can upregulate endogenous antioxidants and reduce oxidative damage. Yet, strenuous exercise perturbs the antioxidant system by increasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. These alterations in the cellular environment seem to occur in an exercise type-dependent manner. The source of ROS generation during exercise is debatable, but now it is well established that both contracting and relaxing skeletal muscles generate reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. In particular, exercises of higher intensity and longer duration can cause oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and nucleotides in myocytes. In this review, we summarize the ROS effects and interplay of antioxidants in skeletal muscle during physical exercise. Additionally, we discuss how ROS-mediated signaling influences physical exercise in antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Thirupathi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105 Bairro Universitário, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, 88806-000, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo A Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105 Bairro Universitário, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, 88806-000, Brazil
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39
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Masuda S, Tanaka M, Inoue T, Ohue-Kitano R, Yamakage H, Muranaka K, Kusakabe T, Shimatsu A, Hasegawa K, Satoh-Asahara N. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 is a myokine induced by palmitate and is required for myogenesis in mouse satellite cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28960786 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM The functional significance of the myokines, cytokines and peptides produced and released by muscle cells has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to identify a myokine with increased secretion levels in muscle cells due to saturated fatty acids and to examine the role of the identified myokine in the regulation of myogenesis. METHODS Human primary myotubes and mouse C2C12 myotubes were used to identify the myokine; its secretion was stimulated by palmitate loading. The role of the identified myokine in the regulation of the activation, proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal was examined in mouse satellite cells (skeletal muscle stem cells). RESULTS Palmitate loading promoted the secretion of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) in human primary myotubes, and it also increased CXCL1 gene expression level in C2C12 myotubes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Palmitate loading increased the production of reactive oxygen species along with the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling. Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB signalling attenuated the increase in CXCL1 gene expression induced by palmitate and hydrogen peroxide. Palmitate loading significantly increased CXC receptor 2 gene expression in undifferentiated cells. CXCL1 knockdown attenuated proliferation and myotube formation by satellite cells, with reduced self-renewal. CXCL1 knockdown also significantly decreased the Notch intracellular domain protein level. CONCLUSION These results suggest that secretion of the myokine CXCL1 is stimulated by saturated fatty acids and that CXCL1 promotes myogenesis from satellite cells to maintain skeletal muscle homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Masuda
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - M. Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - T. Inoue
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - R. Ohue-Kitano
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - H. Yamakage
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - K. Muranaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - T. Kusakabe
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - A. Shimatsu
- Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - K. Hasegawa
- Department of Translational Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - N. Satoh-Asahara
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
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40
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Vilela TC, Effting PS, Dos Santos Pedroso G, Farias H, Paganini L, Rebelo Sorato H, Nesi RT, de Andrade VM, de Pinho RA. Aerobic and strength training induce changes in oxidative stress parameters and elicit modifications of various cellular components in skeletal muscle of aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2018; 106:21-27. [PMID: 29471131 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle aging is associated with loss of mass, function, and strength-a condition known as sarcopenia. It has been reported that sarcopenia can be attenuated by physical exercise. Therefore, we investigated whether 2 different physical exercise protocols could modulate and induce changes in oxidative and inflammatory parameters, as well as in BDNF and DNA repair enzyme levels in skeletal muscle tissue of aged rats. Aging Wistar rats performed treadmill or strength training for 50 min 3 to 4 times a week for 8 weeks. Strength training decreased 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) oxidation (P = 0.0062); however, nitric oxide, protein deglycase DJ-1, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels increased after aerobic training (P = 0.04, P = 0.027 and P = 0.009, respectively). Both exercise protocols increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity (P = 0.0017 and P = 0.0326) whereas the activity of glutathione (GSH) (P = 0.0001) was decreased. Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) levels were not affected by exercise, but 8-oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG1) decreased after strength training (P = 0.0007). In conclusion, oxidative parameters showed that skeletal muscle adapt to increased ROS levels, reducing the risk of free radical damage to the tissue after both exercise protocols. These results show that the effects of physical exercise on skeletal muscle are mediated in an exercise type-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Ceresér Vilela
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Pauline Souza Effting
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Giulia Dos Santos Pedroso
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Hemelin Farias
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lara Paganini
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Helen Rebelo Sorato
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Renata Tiescoski Nesi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Moraes de Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Aurino de Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Markers of oxidative stress, skeletal muscle mass and function, and their responses to resistance exercise training in older adults. Exp Gerontol 2018; 103:101-106. [PMID: 29326089 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) negatively affects skeletal muscle homeostasis in experimental models of ageing. However, little is known about the associations between circulating OS markers and parameters of muscle mass and function, and their responses to exercise training, in humans. METHODS Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC, primary outcome) and isokinetic torque of the knee extensors at 30° s-1 (MIT), muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) and quality (MQ, secondary outcomes), and plasma concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA, pro-OS), homocysteine (HCY, pro-OS), taurine (TAU, anti-OS), and protein sulphydryl groups (PSH, anti-OS) were measured in 27 healthy older males and 23 females at baseline and after an 18-week resistance exercise program, with or without a nutritional intervention (fish oil vs. placebo). RESULTS After adjusting for age, glomerular filtration rate, and nutritional intervention, there were no significant correlations between baseline OS markers and muscle parameters, barring a positive association between TAU and MIT in females (r = 0.53, P = .035) and between MDA and MCSA in males (r = 0.69, P = .001). Training did not significantly change OS markers, except for a reduction in MDA in females (-0.27 μmol/L, 95% CI -0.51 to -0.02, P = .034). In females, there were significant correlations between baseline MDA and exercise-induced changes in MVC (P = .018), baseline TAU and changes in MCSA (P = .026), and baseline HCY and changes in MCSA (P = .046) and MQ (P = .022). In males, baseline MDA was significantly associated with exercise-induced changes in MVC (P = .040). CONCLUSIONS Plasma MDA, HCY, and TAU were significantly associated with baseline and/or exercise-induced changes in muscle mass and function in healthy older adults, primarily in females. Pending further confirmation in other populations, specific OS markers, particularly MDA, might predict muscle responses to resistance exercise programs in old age.
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Martins EL, Ricardo JC, de-Souza-Ferreira E, Camacho-Pereira J, Ramos-Filho D, Galina A. Rapid regulation of substrate use for oxidative phosphorylation during a single session of high intensity interval or aerobic exercises in different rat skeletal muscles. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 217:40-50. [PMID: 29222029 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Different exercise protocols lead to long-term adaptations that are related to increased mitochondrial content through the activation of mitochondrial biogenesis. However, immediate mitochondrial response to exercise and energetic substrate utilization is still unknown. We evaluate the mitochondrial physiology of two types rat skeletal muscle fibres immediately after a single session of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) or aerobic exercise (AER). We found AER was able to reduce the ATP synthesis dependent oxygen flux in the tibialis (TA) when stimulated by complex I and II substrates. On the other hand, there was an increase of the maximum velocity (Vmax) for glycerol-phosphate oxidation and Vmax and affinity (KM) of palmitoyl-carnitine oxidation (PC). The exercise did not affect oxygen flux coupled to ATP synthesis in red gastrocnemius (RG) but, surprisingly, reduced its affinity for PC, decreasing the apparent catalytic efficiency (Vmax/KM) of oxidation for PC. Neither exercise protocol was able to change the electron transfer system capacity of the mitochondria or markers of mitochondrial content. The AER group had increased H2O2 production compared to the SED and HIIE groups, with the mechanism being predominantly the escape of electrons through reverse flux in complex I and other sites in TA, and only through other sites in RG. There were no changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Our results show that mitochondria from different muscles submitted to distinct exercise protocols show alterations in the specific fluxes of substrate utilization and oxygen metabolism, indicating that the dynamics of mitochondria are linked to the metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Lopes Martins
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Carvalho Ricardo
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de-Souza-Ferreira
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana Camacho-Pereira
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dionizio Ramos-Filho
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Galina
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Brown JL, Rosa‐Caldwell ME, Lee DE, Blackwell TA, Brown LA, Perry RA, Haynie WS, Hardee JP, Carson JA, Wiggs MP, Washington TA, Greene NP. Mitochondrial degeneration precedes the development of muscle atrophy in progression of cancer cachexia in tumour-bearing mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:926-938. [PMID: 28845591 PMCID: PMC5700433 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cachexia is largely irreversible, at least via nutritional means, and responsible for 20-40% of cancer-related deaths. Therefore, preventive measures are of primary importance; however, little is known about muscle perturbations prior to onset of cachexia. Cancer cachexia is associated with mitochondrial degeneration; yet, it remains to be determined if mitochondrial degeneration precedes muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. Therefore, our purpose was to determine if mitochondrial degeneration precedes cancer-induced muscle wasting in tumour-bearing mice. METHODS First, weight-stable (MinStable) and cachectic (MinCC) ApcMin/+ mice were compared with C57Bl6/J controls for mRNA contents of mitochondrial quality regulators in quadriceps muscle. Next, Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells or PBS (control) were injected into the hind flank of C57Bl6/J mice at 8 week age, and tumour allowed to develop for 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks to examine time course of cachectic development. Succinate dehydrogenase stain was used to measure oxidative phenotype in tibialis anterior muscle. Mitochondrial quality and function were assessed using the reporter MitoTimer by transfection to flexor digitorum brevis and mitochondrial function/ROS emission in permeabilized adult myofibres from plantaris. RT-qPCR and immunoblot measured the expression of mitochondrial quality control and antioxidant proteins. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA with Student-Newman-Kuels post hoc test. RESULTS MinStable mice displayed ~50% lower Pgc-1α, Pparα, and Mfn2 compared with C57Bl6/J controls, whereas MinCC exhibited 10-fold greater Bnip3 content compared with C57Bl6/J controls. In LLC, cachectic muscle loss was evident only at 4 weeks post-tumour implantation. Oxidative capacity and mitochondrial content decreased by ~40% 4 weeks post-tumour implantation. Mitochondrial function decreased by ~25% by 3 weeks after tumour implantation. Mitochondrial degeneration was evident by 2 week LLC compared with PBS control, indicated by MitoTimer red/green ratio and number of pure red puncta. Mitochondrial ROS production was elevated by ~50 to ~100% when compared with PBS at 1-3 weeks post-tumour implantation. Mitochondrial quality control was dysregulated throughout the progression of cancer cachexia in tumour-bearing mice. In contrast, antioxidant proteins were not altered in cachectic muscle wasting. CONCLUSIONS Functional mitochondrial degeneration is evident in LLC tumour-bearing mice prior to muscle atrophy. Contents of mitochondrial quality regulators across ApcMin/+ and LLC mice suggest impaired mitochondrial quality control as a commonality among pre-clinical models of cancer cachexia. Our data provide novel evidence for impaired mitochondrial health prior to cachectic muscle loss and provide a potential therapeutic target to prevent cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L. Brown
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA
| | - Megan E. Rosa‐Caldwell
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA
| | - David E. Lee
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA
| | - Thomas A. Blackwell
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA
| | - Lemuel A. Brown
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA
| | - Richard A. Perry
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA
| | - Wesley S. Haynie
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA
| | - Justin P. Hardee
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Exercise ScienceUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA
| | - James A. Carson
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Exercise ScienceUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA
| | - Michael P. Wiggs
- Integrated Physiology and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Health and KinesiologyUniversity of Texas at TylerTylerTX75799USA
| | - Tyrone A. Washington
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA
| | - Nicholas P. Greene
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA
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The Combination of Physical Exercise with Muscle-Directed Antioxidants to Counteract Sarcopenia: A Biomedical Rationale for Pleiotropic Treatment with Creatine and Coenzyme Q10. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7083049. [PMID: 29123615 PMCID: PMC5632475 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7083049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia represents an increasing public health risk due to the rapid aging of the world's population. It is characterized by both low muscle mass and function and is associated with mobility disorders, increased risk of falls and fractures, loss of independence, disabilities, and increased risk of death. Despite the urgency of the problem, the development of treatments for sarcopenia has lagged. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and decreased antioxidant (AO) defences seem to be important factors contributing to muscle impairment. Studies have been conducted to verify whether physical exercise and/or AOs could prevent and/or delay sarcopenia through a normalization of the etiologically relevant ROS imbalance. Despite the strong rationale, the results obtained were contradictory, particularly with regard to the effects of the tested AOs. A possible explanation might be that not all the agents included in the general heading of "AOs" could fulfill the requisites to counteract the complex series of events causing/accelerating sarcopenia: the combination of the muscle-directed antioxidants creatine and coenzyme Q10 with physical exercise as a biomedical rationale for pleiotropic prevention and/or treatment of sarcopenia is discussed.
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Pillon Barcelos R, Freire Royes LF, Gonzalez-Gallego J, Bresciani G. Oxidative stress and inflammation: liver responses and adaptations to acute and regular exercise. Free Radic Res 2017; 51:222-236. [PMID: 28166653 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1291942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The liver is remarkably important during exercise outcomes due to its contribution to detoxification, synthesis, and release of biomolecules, and energy supply to the exercising muscles. Recently, liver has been also shown to play an important role in redox status and inflammatory modulation during exercise. However, while several studies have described the adaptations of skeletal muscles to acute and chronic exercise, hepatic changes are still scarcely investigated. Indeed, acute intense exercise challenges the liver with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation onset, whereas regular training induces hepatic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory improvements. Acute and regular exercise protocols in combination with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory supplementation have been also tested to verify hepatic adaptations to exercise. Although positive results have been reported in some acute models, several studies have shown an increased exercise-related stress upon liver. A similar trend has been observed during training: while synergistic effects of training and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory supplementations have been occasionally found, others reported a blunting of relevant adaptations to exercise, following the patterns described in skeletal muscles. This review discusses current data regarding liver responses and adaptation to acute and regular exercise protocols alone or combined with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory supplementation. The understanding of the mechanisms behind these modulations is of interest for both exercise-related health and performance outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo Pillon Barcelos
- a Instituto de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade de Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo , Brazil.,b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica (PPGBTOx) , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica (PPGBTOx) , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria , Brazil.,c Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Javier Gonzalez-Gallego
- d Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , University of León , León , Spain
| | - Guilherme Bresciani
- e Grupo de Investigación en Rendimiento Físico y Salud (IRyS), Escuela de Educación Física , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso , Valparaiso , Chile
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Resistance training induces protective adaptation from the oxidative stress induced by an intense-strength session. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-016-0291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Leermakers PA, Gosker HR. Skeletal muscle mitophagy in chronic disease: implications for muscle oxidative capacity? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2016; 19:427-433. [PMID: 27537277 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Loss of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity is a common feature of chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type 2 diabetes, and congestive heart failure. It may lead to physical impairments and has been suggested to contribute to metabolic inflexibility-induced cardiometabolic risk. The mechanism underlying loss of muscle oxidative capacity is incompletely understood. This review discusses the role of mitophagy as a driving force behind the loss of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in these patients. RECENT FINDINGS Mitophagy has been studied to a very limited extent in human skeletal muscle. There are, however, clear indications that disease-related factors, including hypoxia, systemic inflammation, muscle inactivity, and iron deficiency are able to induce mitophagy, and that these factors trigger mitophagy via different regulatory mechanisms. Although mitophagy may lead to mitochondrial loss, it is also required to maintain homeostasis through clearance of damaged mitochondria. SUMMARY Based on available evidence, we propose that enhanced mitophagy is involved in chronic disease-induced loss of muscle oxidative capacity. Clearly more research is required to confirm this role and to establish to what extent mitophagy is pathological or a part of physiological adaptation to maintain muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter A Leermakers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Qaisar R, Bhaskaran S, Van Remmen H. Muscle fiber type diversification during exercise and regeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 98:56-67. [PMID: 27032709 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The plasticity of skeletal muscle can be traced down to extensive metabolic, structural and molecular remodeling at the single fiber level. Skeletal muscle is comprised of different fiber types that are the basis of muscle plasticity in response to various functional demands. Resistance and endurance exercises are two external stimuli that differ in their duration and intensity of contraction and elicit markedly different responses in muscles adaptation. Further, eccentric contractions that are associated with exercise-induced injuries, elicit varied muscle adaptation and regenerative responses. Most adaptive changes are fiber type-specific and are highly influenced by diverse structural, metabolic and functional characteristics of individual fiber types. Regulation of signaling pathways by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress also plays an important role in muscle fiber adaptation during exercise. This review focuses on cellular and molecular responses that regulate the adaptation of skeletal muscle to exercise and exercise-related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Shylesh Bhaskaran
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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Angulo J, El Assar M, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Frailty and sarcopenia as the basis for the phenotypic manifestation of chronic diseases in older adults. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 50:1-32. [PMID: 27370407 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Frailty is a functional status that precedes disability and is characterized by decreased functional reserve and increased vulnerability. In addition to disability, the frailty phenotype predicts falls, institutionalization, hospitalization and mortality. Frailty is the consequence of the interaction between the aging process and some chronic diseases and conditions that compromise functional systems and finally produce sarcopenia. Many of the clinical manifestations of frailty are explained by sarcopenia which is closely related to poor physical performance. Reduced regenerative capacity, malperfusion, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation compose the sarcopenic skeletal muscle alterations associated to the frailty phenotype. Inflammation appears as a common determinant for chronic diseases, sarcopenia and frailty. The strategies to prevent the frailty phenotype include an adequate amount of physical activity and exercise as well as pharmacological interventions such as myostatin inhibitors and specific androgen receptor modulators. Cell response to stress pathways such as Nrf2, sirtuins and klotho could be considered as future therapeutic interventions for the management of frailty phenotype and aging-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Angulo
- Unidad de Investigación Cardiovascular (IRYCIS/UFV), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam El Assar
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Getafe, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
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