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Roser LA, Sakellariou C, Lindstedt M, Neuhaus V, Dehmel S, Sommer C, Raasch M, Flandre T, Roesener S, Hewitt P, Parnham MJ, Sewald K, Schiffmann S. IL-2-mediated hepatotoxicity: knowledge gap identification based on the irAOP concept. J Immunotoxicol 2024; 21:2332177. [PMID: 38578203 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2024.2332177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced hepatotoxicity constitutes a major reason for non-approval and post-marketing withdrawal of pharmaceuticals. In many cases, preclinical models lack predictive capacity for hepatic damage in humans. A vital concern is the integration of immune system effects in preclinical safety assessment. The immune-related Adverse Outcome Pathway (irAOP) approach, which is applied within the Immune Safety Avatar (imSAVAR) consortium, presents a novel method to understand and predict immune-mediated adverse events elicited by pharmaceuticals and thus targets this issue. It aims to dissect the molecular mechanisms involved and identify key players in drug-induced side effects. As irAOPs are still in their infancy, there is a need for a model irAOP to validate the suitability of this tool. For this purpose, we developed a hepatotoxicity-based model irAOP for recombinant human IL-2 (aldesleukin). Besides producing durable therapeutic responses against renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma, the boosted immune activation upon IL-2 treatment elicits liver damage. The availability of extensive data regarding IL-2 allows both the generation of a comprehensive putative irAOP and to validate the predictability of the irAOP with clinical data. Moreover, IL-2, as one of the first cancer immunotherapeutics on the market, is a blueprint for various biological and novel treatment regimens that are under investigation today. This review provides a guideline for further irAOP-directed research in immune-mediated hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise A Roser
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Malin Lindstedt
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Vanessa Neuhaus
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Preclinical Pharmacology and In-Vitro Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susann Dehmel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Preclinical Pharmacology and In-Vitro Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany
| | - Charline Sommer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Preclinical Pharmacology and In-Vitro Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Thierry Flandre
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sigrid Roesener
- Chemical and Preclinical Safety, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Philip Hewitt
- Chemical and Preclinical Safety, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael J Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- EpiEndo Pharmaceuticals ehf, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Katherina Sewald
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Preclinical Pharmacology and In-Vitro Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hannover, Germany
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Kim ES, Kim SY, Moon A. C-Reactive Protein Signaling Pathways in Tumor Progression. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:473-483. [PMID: 37562952 PMCID: PMC10468419 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Many cancers arise from sites of chronic inflammation, which creates an inflammatory microenvironment surrounding the tumor. Inflammatory substances secreted by cells in the inflammatory environment can induce the proliferation and survival of cancer cells, thereby promoting cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. Therefore, it is important to identify the role of inflammatory factors in cancer progression. This review summarizes the signaling pathways and roles of C-reactive protein (CRP) in various cancer types, including breast, liver, renal, and pancreatic cancer, and the tumor microenvironment. Mounting evidence suggests the role of CRP in breast cancer, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is typically associated with a worse prognosis. Increased CRP in the inflammatory environment contributes to enhanced invasiveness and tumor formation in TNBC cells. CRP promotes endothelial cell formation and angiogenesis and contributes to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. In pancreatic and kidney cancers, CRP contributes to tumor progression. In liver cancer, CRP regulates inflammatory responses and lipid metabolism. CRP modulates the activity of various signaling molecules in macrophages and monocytes present in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to tumor development, the immune response, and inflammation. In the present review, we overviewed the role of CRP signaling pathways and the association between inflammation and cancer in various types of cancer. Identifying the interactions between CRP signaling pathways and other inflammatory mediators in cancer progression is crucial for understanding the complex relationship between inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sook Kim
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Aree Moon
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
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Yin DM, Yuan D, Sun RJ, Xu HZ, Hun SY, Sui XH, Shan NN. Identification of ORM1, vWF, SPARC, and PPBP as immune-related proteins involved in immune thrombocytopenia by quantitative LC-MS/MS. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:24. [PMID: 37355563 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by loss of immune tolerance to platelet autoantigens leading to excessive destruction and insufficient production of platelets. METHOD Quantitative liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed to detect the differentially expressed proteins in bone marrow samples from active ITP patients and normal controls. RESULT Our bioinformatic analysis identified two upregulated proteins (ORM1 and vWF) and two downregulated proteins (PPBP and SPARC) related to immune function. The four proteins were all found to be related to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α signalling pathway and involved in the pathogenesis of ITP in KEGG pathway analysis. CONCLUSION Bioinformatics analysis identified differentially expressed proteins in bone marrow that are involved in the TNF-α signalling pathway and are related to the activation of immune function in ITP patients. These findings could provide new ideas for research on the loss of immune tolerance in ITP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Yin
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Dai Yuan
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jing Wu Rd, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Rui-Jie Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Hong-Zhi Xu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jing Wu Rd, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shou-Yong Hun
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Sui
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jing Wu Rd, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Ning-Ning Shan
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jing Wu Rd, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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4
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Ikoma T, Shimokawa M, Matsumoto T, Boku S, Yasuda T, Shibata N, Kurioka Y, Takatani M, Nobuhisa T, Namikawa T, Kitagawa H, Hanazaki K, Doi K, Shimada T, Tsumura T, Marusawa H, Kanaya S, Morita S, Inokuma T, Nagai H, Yasui H, Satake H. Inflammatory prognostic factors in advanced or recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:427-435. [PMID: 35927359 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Japan, nivolumab administration is the standard treatment for patients with unresectable advanced or recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who are refractory or intolerant to fluoropyrimidines and platinum-based chemotherapy. We determined if inflammatory prognostic factors are useful in patients with ESCC treated with nivolumab monotherapy. METHODS The clinical data of patients with ESCC treated with nivolumab monotherapy as the second- or later-line treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Neutrophil/lymphocyte, platelet/lymphocyte, and C-reactive protein/albumin ratios (CAR); prognostic index; and prognostic nutritional index were investigated. Cut-off values for each factor were determined according to overall survival using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS During January 2017-June 2021, 93 consecutive patients with ESCC were enrolled from five institutions (median age, 70 years; male, 77%). With a median follow-up period of 9.1 (range, 1.0-34.7) months, the median overall and progression-free survival were 12.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.0-16.6) and 4.0 (95% CI, 2.6-5.4) months, respectively. Of five inflammatory prognostic factors, the cut-off value for CAR was 0.62; prognosis was significantly longer in those with CAR < 0.62 (hazard ratio, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.22-0.67; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory prognostic factors were useful in predicting prognosis for ESCC patients pretreated with nivolumab, especially for those with CAR < 0.62, suggesting that CAR adequately reflects prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Ikoma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima minamimachi Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 650-0047, Japan.,Cancer Treatment Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka-fu, 573-1191, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Shimokawa
- Department of Biostatistics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi,, Ube-shi, Yamaguchi-ken, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima minamimachi Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 650-0047, Japan.,Cancer Treatment Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka-fu, 573-1191, Japan
| | - Shogen Boku
- Cancer Treatment Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka-fu, 573-1191, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Yasuda
- Cancer Treatment Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka-fu, 573-1191, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Shibata
- Cancer Treatment Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka-fu, 573-1191, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurioka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, 1-12-1 Shimoteno, Himeji-shi, Hyogo-ken, 670-8540, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takatani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, 1-12-1 Shimoteno, Himeji-shi, Hyogo-ken, 670-8540, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Nobuhisa
- Department of Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, 1-12-1 Shimoteno,, Himeji-shi, Hyogo-ken, 670-8540, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Namikawa
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi-ken, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi-ken, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Hanazaki
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi-ken, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Keitaro Doi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Society Osaka Hospital, 5-30 Hudegasaki-cho, Tenouji-ku, Osaka-fu, 543-8555, Japan
| | - Takanobu Shimada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Society Osaka Hospital, 5-30 Hudegasaki-cho, Tenouji-ku, Osaka-fu, 543-8555, Japan
| | - Takehiko Tsumura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Society Osaka Hospital, 5-30 Hudegasaki-cho, Tenouji-ku, Osaka-fu, 543-8555, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Society Osaka Hospital, 5-30 Hudegasaki-cho, Tenouji-ku, Osaka-fu, 543-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Society Osaka Hospital, 5-30 Hudegasaki-cho, Tenouji-ku, Osaka-fu, 543-8555, Japan
| | - Seichiro Kanaya
- Department of Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Osaka Hospital, 5-30 Hudegasaki-cho,, Tenouji-ku, Osaka-fu, 543-8555, Japan
| | - Shuko Morita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima minamimachi Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tetsurou Inokuma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima minamimachi Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima minamimachi Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hisateru Yasui
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima minamimachi Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hironaga Satake
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi-ken, 783-8505, Japan.
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Nakamura Y, Iwata S, Yokoi K, Mizutani Y, Yoshikane M, Kawase K, Kato T, Kobayashi S, Goto H, Saitoh S, Iwata O. Influence of Intrauterine Inflammation, Delivery, and Postnatal Feeding on the Temporal Changes of Serum Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein Levels in Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight Infants. Nutrients 2022; 14:5162. [PMID: 36501194 PMCID: PMC9736676 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection remains the primary cause of death in extremely-low-birth-weight infants (ELBWIs). Alpha 1 acid glycoprotein (α1AG), an acute-phase protein, has been shown to be elevated in sporadic cases of septic ELBWIs prior to abnormal clinical signs. To delineate the roles of inflammation, delivery, and feeding in postnatal α1AG changes in ELBWIs, 75 ELBWIs of 26.5 ± 2.2 weeks of gestation born between May 2011 and August 2017 were retrospectively studied. The dependence of α1AG levels obtained on days 0−5 on the clinical variables was examined by incorporating interactions with age, followed by estimations of regression coefficients between clinical variables and α1AG levels at the early and late postnatal ages, defined by their standard deviation. Chorioamnionitis (p < 0.001), funisitis (p = 0.045), vaginal delivery (p = 0.025), enteral feeding (p = 0.022), and probiotics (p = 0.005) were associated with early α1AG elevations. Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (p < 0.001) and gestational age (p = 0.001) were associated with late α1AG elevation; premature rupture of membranes (p < 0.001), funisitis (p = 0.021), body weight z-scores (p < 0.001), and enteral feeding (p = 0.045) were associated with late α1AG reduction. Postnatal α1AG changes in ELBWIs were associated with variables representative of age, growth, delivery, inflammation, and enteral feeding, potentially reflecting the process of sensitization to extrinsic microbes in utero, at birth, and thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhisa Nakamura
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1, Kawasumi Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Sachiko Iwata
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1, Kawasumi Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kyoko Yokoi
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1, Kawasumi Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yuko Mizutani
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, 1-1-1, Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yoshikane
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, 1-1-1, Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Koya Kawase
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1, Kawasumi Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takenori Kato
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1, Kawasumi Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Satoru Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, 1-1-1, Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Haruo Goto
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, 1-1-1, Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Shinji Saitoh
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1, Kawasumi Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Osuke Iwata
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1, Kawasumi Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
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Singh E, Banerjee R. In vivo efficacy & phantom imaging connote the theranostic potential of a drug-loaded lipid nanobubble. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Radovani B, Gudelj I. N-Glycosylation and Inflammation; the Not-So-Sweet Relation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:893365. [PMID: 35833138 PMCID: PMC9272703 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.893365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is the main feature of many long-term inflammatory diseases such as autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. There is a growing number of studies in which alterations of N-glycosylation have been observed in many pathophysiological conditions, yet studies of the underlying mechanisms that precede N-glycome changes are still sparse. Proinflammatory cytokines have been shown to alter the substrate synthesis pathways as well as the expression of glycosyltransferases required for the biosynthesis of N-glycans. The resulting N-glycosylation changes can further contribute to disease pathogenesis through modulation of various aspects of immune cell processes, including those relevant to pathogen recognition and fine-tuning the inflammatory response. This review summarizes our current knowledge of inflammation-induced N-glycosylation changes, with a particular focus on specific subsets of immune cells of innate and adaptive immunity and how these changes affect their effector functions, cell interactions, and signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Radovani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ivan Gudelj
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
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Zhu Y, Huang D, Zhao Z, Lu C. Bioinformatic analysis identifies potential key genes of epilepsy. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254326. [PMID: 34555062 PMCID: PMC8459949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epilepsy is one of the most common brain disorders worldwide. It is usually hard to be identified properly, and a third of patients are drug-resistant. Genes related to the progression and prognosis of epilepsy are particularly needed to be identified. Methods In our study, we downloaded the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray expression profiling dataset GSE143272. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with a fold change (FC) >1.2 and a P-value <0.05 were identified by GEO2R and grouped in male, female and overlapping DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed. Results In total, 183 DEGs overlapped (77 ups and 106 downs), 302 DEGs (185 ups and 117 downs) in the male dataset, and 750 DEGs (464 ups and 286 downs) in the female dataset were obtained from the GSE143272 dataset. These DEGs were markedly enriched under various Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) terms. 16 following hub genes were identified based on PPI network analysis: ADCY7, C3AR1, DEGS1, CXCL1 in male-specific DEGs, TOLLIP, ORM1, ELANE, QPCT in female-specific DEGs and FCAR, CD3G, CLEC12A, MOSPD2, CD3D, ALDH3B1, GPR97, PLAUR in overlapping DEGs. Conclusion This discovery-driven study may be useful to provide a novel insight into the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. However, more experiments are needed in the future to study the functional roles of these genes in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Zhongyan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Chuansen Lu
- Department of Neurology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
- * E-mail:
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9
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Wu SC, Rau CS, Kuo PJ, Shih FY, Lin HP, Wu YC, Hsieh TM, Liu HT, Hsieh CH. Profiling the Expression of Circulating Acute-Phase Proteins, Cytokines, and Checkpoint Proteins in Patients with Severe Trauma: A Pilot Study. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:3739-3753. [PMID: 34393495 PMCID: PMC8354739 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s324056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Severe trauma may lead to the systemic release of inflammatory mediators into the circulation with profound acute-phase responses; however, the understanding of the expression of these mediators remains limited. This study aimed to characterize the alterations in the expression of circulating acute-phase proteins, cytokines, and checkpoint proteins in patients with severe trauma injuries. Patients and Methods The study population included trauma patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) with an injury severity score equal to or greater than 16 and who had used a ventilator for 48 hours. A total of 12 female and 28 male patients were recruited for the study; six patients died and 34 survived. Blood samples collected at acute stages were compared with those drawn at the subacute stage, the time when the patients were discharged from the ICU, or before the discharge of the patients from the hospital. Results The study identified that the expression of acute-phase proteins, such as alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and C-reactive protein, and cytokines, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, was elevated in the circulation after severe trauma. In contrast, the levels of acute-phase proteins, such as alpha-2-macroglobulin, serum amyloid P, and von Willebrand factor, and cytokines, including interleukin-4 and interferon gamma-induced protein 10, were reduced. However, there were no significant differences in the expression of checkpoint proteins in the circulation. Conclusion The dysregulated proteins identified in this study may serve as potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers for treating patients with severe trauma. However, the related biological functions of these dysregulated factors require further investigation to validate their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Shyuan Rau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Jen Kuo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yuan Shih
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chan Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Min Hsieh
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hang-Tsung Liu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Rosalia RA, Ugurov P, Neziri D, Despotovska S, Kostoska E, Veljanovska-Kiridjievska L, Kuzmanov D, Trifunovski A, Popevski D, Villa G, Mitrev Z. Extracorporeal Blood Purification in Moderate and Severe COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study. Blood Purif 2021; 51:233-242. [PMID: 34126617 DOI: 10.1159/000515627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by hyperinflammation and coagulopathy. Severe cases often develop respiratory distress, requiring mechanical ventilation and with critical cases progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Control of hyperinflammation has been proposed as a possible therapeutic avenue for COVID-19; extracorporeal blood purification (EBP) modalities offer an attractive mean to ameliorate maladaptive inflammation. With this work, we evaluated the longitudinal changes of systemic inflammatory markers in critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with blood purification using AN69ST (oXiris®) haemofilter. METHODS We performed a time-series analysis of 44 consecutive COVID-19 cases treated with the AN69ST (oXiris®) cytokine adsorbing haemofilter (CAH) according to local practice; we visualize longitudinal results of biochemical, inflammatory, blood gas, and vital sign parameters focussing on systemic levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin. RESULTS All patients were treated with ≥1 cycle extracorporeal continuous venovenous haemofiltration (CVVH) with CAH; of these, 30 severe patients received CVVH-CAH within 4-12 h of admission after recognizing a hyper-inflammatory state. Another 14 patients admitted with mild-to-moderate symptoms progressed to severe disease and were placed on EBP during hospitalization. The treatment was associated with a reduction of ferritin, CRP, fibrinogen, several inflammatory markers, and a resolution of numerous cytopenias. The observed mortality across the cohort was 36.3%. CONCLUSION EBP with CAH was associated with a decrease in CRP, and control of IL-6 and procalcitonin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gianluca Villa
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Zan Mitrev
- Zan Mitrev Clinic, Skopje, North Macedonia
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11
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Ene CD, Tampa M, Nicolae I, Mitran CI, Mitran MI, Matei C, Caruntu A, Caruntu C, Georgescu SR. Antiganglioside Antibodies and Inflammatory Response in Cutaneous Melanoma. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:2491265. [PMID: 32855975 PMCID: PMC7443004 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2491265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endogenously produced antiganglioside antibodies could affect the evolution of cutaneous melanoma. Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggest "chronic inflammation" to be one of the hallmarks in skin cancers. The aim of the study was to characterize the relation between antiganglioside antibodies and inflammation in cutaneous melanoma focusing on gangliosides GM1, GM2, GM3, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b, GQ1b. Material and Method. We performed an observational study that included 380 subjects subdivided into three groups: patients with metastatic melanoma (170 cases), patients with primary melanoma (160 cases), and healthy subjects (50 subjects). The assessment of antiganglioside antibodies, IgG, and IgM classes, against -GM1, -GM2, -GM3, -GD1a, -GD1b, -GT1b, -GQ1b was performed using immunoblot technique (EUROLine kit). RESULTS The presence of IgG and IgM antiganglioside antibodies in primary melanoma was (%), as follows: anti-GM1 (5.0 and 13.1), -GM2 (1.8 and 18.1), -GM3 (0.6 and 5.6), -GD1a (0.6 and 15.0), -GD1b (3.7 and 10.7), -GT1b (0.0 and 13.1), -GQ1b (0.0 and 5.0). In metastatic melanoma, the level of antiganglioside antibodies was significantly lower compared with primary melanoma (p < 0.05), while in the control group they were absent. Antiganglioside antibodies anti-GM1 and -GD1a were positively correlated, while anti-GM3, -GD1b, and -GT1b were negatively associated with the inflammatory markers, interleukin 8 (IL-8), and C reactive protein (CRP). CONCLUSIONS Tumour ganglioside antigens generate an immune response in patients with primary melanomas. The host's ability to elaborate an early antiganglioside response could be considered as a defence mechanism, directed toward eliminating a danger signal from the tumour microenvironment. Antiganglioside antibodies associated with inflammation markers could be used as diagnostic, monitoring, and treatment tools in patients with cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Daniela Ene
- “Carol Davila” Nephrology Hospital, 4 Calea Grivitei, 010731 Bucharest, Romania
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Tampa
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 281 Mihai Bravu, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Nicolae
- “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 281 Mihai Bravu, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Iulia Mitran
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Irina Mitran
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Clara Matei
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 22 Dambrovnicului, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- “Prof. N. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 22-24 Gr. Manolescu, Bucharest 011233, Romania
| | - Simona Roxana Georgescu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 281 Mihai Bravu, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
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12
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Local and Systemic Cytokine Profiling for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Study Cancer Cachexia in an Era of Precision Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123836. [PMID: 30513792 PMCID: PMC6321633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a debilitating condition seen frequently in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The underlying mechanisms driving cancer cachexia are not fully understood but are related, at least in part, to the immune response to the tumor both locally and systemically. We hypothesize that there are unique differences in cytokine levels in the tumor microenvironment and systemic circulation between PDAC tumors and that these varying profiles affect the degree of cancer cachexia observed. Patient demographics, operative factors, oncologic factors, and perioperative data were collected for the two patients in the patient derived xenograft (PDX) model. Human pancreatic cancer PDX were created by implanting fresh surgical pancreatic cancer tissues directly into immunodeficient mice. At PDX end point, mouse tumor, spleen and muscle tissues were collected and weighed, muscle atrophy related gene expression measured, and tumor and splenic soluble proteins were analyzed. PDX models were created from surgically resected patients who presented with different degrees of cachexia. Tumor free body weight and triceps surae weight differed significantly between the PDX models and control (P < 0.05). Both PDX groups had increased atrophy related gene expression in muscle compared to control (FoxO1, Socs3, STAT3, Acvr2b, Atrogin-1, MuRF1; P < 0.05). Significant differences were noted in splenic soluble protein concentrations in 14 of 15 detected proteins in tumor bearing mice when compared to controls. Eight splenic soluble proteins were significantly different between PDX groups (P < 0.05). Tumor soluble proteins were significantly different between the two PDX groups in 15 of 24 detected proteins (P < 0.05). PDX models preserve the cachectic heterogeneity found in patients and are associated with unique cytokine profiles in both the spleen and tumor between different PDX. These data support the use of PDX as a strategy to study soluble cachexia protein markers and also further efforts to elucidate which cytokines are most related to cachexia in order to provide potential targets for immunotherapy.
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Sproston NR, Ashworth JJ. Role of C-Reactive Protein at Sites of Inflammation and Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:754. [PMID: 29706967 PMCID: PMC5908901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1407] [Impact Index Per Article: 234.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute inflammatory protein that increases up to 1,000-fold at sites of infection or inflammation. CRP is produced as a homopentameric protein, termed native CRP (nCRP), which can irreversibly dissociate at sites of inflammation and infection into five separate monomers, termed monomeric CRP (mCRP). CRP is synthesized primarily in liver hepatocytes but also by smooth muscle cells, macrophages, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, and adipocytes. Evidence suggests that estrogen in the form of hormone replacement therapy influences CRP levels in the elderly. Having been traditionally utilized as a marker of infection and cardiovascular events, there is now growing evidence that CRP plays important roles in inflammatory processes and host responses to infection including the complement pathway, apoptosis, phagocytosis, nitric oxide (NO) release, and the production of cytokines, particularly interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Unlike more recent publications, the findings of early work on CRP can seem somewhat unclear and at times conflicting since it was often not specified which particular CRP isoform was measured or utilized in experiments and whether responses attributed to nCRP were in fact possibly due to dissociation into mCRP or lipopolysaccharide contamination. In addition, since antibodies for mCRP are not commercially available, few laboratories are able to conduct studies investigating the mCRP isoform. Despite these issues and the fact that most CRP research to date has focused on vascular disorders, there is mounting evidence that CRP isoforms have distinct biological properties, with nCRP often exhibiting more anti-inflammatory activities compared to mCRP. The nCRP isoform activates the classical complement pathway, induces phagocytosis, and promotes apoptosis. On the other hand, mCRP promotes the chemotaxis and recruitment of circulating leukocytes to areas of inflammation and can delay apoptosis. The nCRP and mCRP isoforms work in opposing directions to inhibit and induce NO production, respectively. In terms of pro-inflammatory cytokine production, mCRP increases interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production, whereas nCRP has no detectable effect on their levels. Further studies are needed to expand on these emerging findings and to fully characterize the differential roles that each CRP isoform plays at sites of local inflammation and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola R Sproston
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J Ashworth
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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14
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Zatta S, Rehrauer H, Gram A, Boos A, Kowalewski MP. Transcriptome analysis reveals differences in mechanisms regulating cessation of luteal function in pregnant and non-pregnant dogs. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:757. [PMID: 28954628 PMCID: PMC5618722 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the domestic dog, corpora lutea (CL) are the only source of progesterone (P4), both in pregnant and non-pregnant cycles because there is no placental steroidogenesis. The absence of an endogenous luteolysin in absence of pregnancy results in long-lasting physiological pseudopregnancy, strongly contrasting with the acute luteolysis observed prepartum. The underlying biological mechanisms and the involvement of P4 signalling remain, however, not fully understood. Therefore, here, next-generation sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on CL from the late luteal phase and compared with normally luteolyzing CL collected at the prepartum P4 decrease. Results The contrast “luteal regression over luteolysis” yielded 1595 differentially expressed genes (DEG). The CL in late luteal regression were predominantly associated with functional terms linked to extracellular matrix (p = 5.52e-05). Other terms related to transcriptional activity (p = 2.45e-04), and steroid hormone signalling (p = 2.29e-04), which were more highly represented in late regression than during luteolysis. The prepartum luteolysis was associated with immune inflammatory responses (p = 2.87e-14), including acute-phase reaction (p = 4.10e-06). Immune system-related events were also more highly represented in CL derived from normal luteolysis (p = 7.02e-04), compared with those from dogs in which luteolysis was induced with an antigestagen (1480 DEG in total). Additionally, the withdrawal of P4 at mid-gestation resulted in 92 DEG; over-represented terms enriched in antigestagen-treated dogs were related to the inflammatory response (p = 0.005) or response to IL1 (p = 7.29e-05). Terms related to proliferation, e.g., centrosome organization (p = 0.002) and steroid metabolic processes (p = 0.001), prevailed at mid-gestation. Thereby, our results revealed the nature of luteotropic effects of P4 within canine CL. It appears that, even though they result in diminished steroidogenic output, the effect of antigestagens is more related to the withdrawal of P4 support than to the PGF2alpha-related inflammatory reaction observed at physiological parturition. Conclusions We report the differential gene expression associated with maintenance and cessation of luteal function in pregnant and non-pregnant dogs. Based on the differentially expressed genes, we indicate functional pathways and gene networks that are potentially involved in the underlying endocrine and molecular mechanisms. This study establishes future research directions that may be helpful in understanding some of the clinical conditions, such as luteal insufficiency, associated with negative pregnancy outcome in dogs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-017-4084-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Zatta
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aykut Gram
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alois Boos
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mariusz Pawel Kowalewski
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Shirmohamadi A, Chitsazi MT, Faramarzi M, Salari A, Naser Alavi F, Pashazadeh N. Effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on transferrin serum levels in patients with chronic periodontitis. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2016; 10:169-75. [PMID: 27651883 PMCID: PMC5025218 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2016.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Transferrin is a negative acute phase protein, which decreases during inflammation and infection. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate changes in the transferrin serum levels subsequent to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontal disease. Methods. Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis and 20 systemically healthy subjects without periodontal disease, who had referred to Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry, were selected. Transferrin serum levels and clinical periodontal parameters (pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival index, bleeding index and plaque index) were measured at baseline and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods (means ± standard deviations). Independent samples t-test was used to compare transferrin serum levels and clinical variables between the test and control groups. Paired samples t-test was used in the test group for comparisons before and after treatment. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results. The mean transferrin serum level in patients with chronic periodontitis (213.1 ± 9.2 mg/dL) was significantly less than that in periodontally healthy subjects (307.8 ± 11.7 mg/dL). Three months after periodontal treatment, the transferrin serum level increased significantly (298.3 ± 7.6 mg/dL) and approached the levels in periodontally healthy subjects (P < 0.05). Conclusion. The decrease and increase in transferrin serum levels with periodontal disease and periodontal treatment, respectively, indicated an inverse relationship between transferrin serum levels and chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adileh Shirmohamadi
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Taghi Chitsazi
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Faramarzi
- Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ashkan Salari
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Naser Alavi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Pashazadeh
- Nurse, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Association between Serum Ferritin and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:5420345. [PMID: 27547760 PMCID: PMC4980495 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5420345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims. CIN is a major and serious complication following PCI in patients with ACS. It is unclear whether a higher serum ferritin level is associated with an increased risk of CIN in high-risk patients. Thus, we conducted this study to assess the predictive value of SF for the risk of CIN after PCI. Methods. We prospectively examined SF levels in 548 patients with ACS before undergoing PCI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors for CIN. The ROC analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of SF for CIN. Results. CIN occurred in 96 patients. Baseline SF was higher in patients who developed CIN compared to those who did not (257.05 ± 93.98 versus 211.67 ± 106.65; P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SF was an independent predictor of CIN (OR, 1.008; 95% CI, 1.003–1.013; P = 0.002). The area under ROC curve for SF was 0.629, and SF > 180.9 μg/L predicted CIN with sensitivity of 80.2% and specificity of 41.4%. Conclusion. Our data show that a higher SF level was significantly associated with an increased risk of CIN after PCI.
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17
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Lerner L, Hayes TG, Tao N, Krieger B, Feng B, Wu Z, Nicoletti R, Chiu MI, Gyuris J, Garcia JM. Plasma growth differentiation factor 15 is associated with weight loss and mortality in cancer patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2015; 6:317-24. [PMID: 26672741 PMCID: PMC4670740 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-related weight loss is associated with increased inflammation and decreased survival. The novel inflammatory mediator growth differentiation factor (GDF)15 is associated with poor prognosis in cancer but its role in cancer-related weight loss (C-WL) remains unclear. Our objective was to measure GDF15 in plasma samples of cancer subjects and controls and establish its association with other inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes. METHODS We measured body weight, appetite, plasma GDF15, and other inflammatory markers in men with cancer-related weight loss (C-WL, n = 58), weight stable patients with cancer (C-WS, n = 72), and non-cancer controls (Co, n = 59) matched by age and pre-illness body mass index. In a subset of patients we also measured handgrip strength, appendicular lean body mass (aLBM), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), and Karnofsky performance scores. RESULTS GDF15, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were increased in C-WL versus other groups. IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-4, interferon-gamma, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor A were increased in C-WL versus C-WS, and Activin A was significantly downregulated in Co versus other groups. C-WL patients had lower handgrip strength, aLBM, and fat mass, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group and Karnofsky performance scores were lower in both cancer groups. GDF15, IL-6, and IL-8 significantly correlated with weight loss; GDF15 negatively correlated with aLBM, handgrip strength, and fat mass. IL-8 and Activin A negatively correlated with aLBM and fat mass. GDF15 and IL-8 predicted survival adjusting for stage and weight change (Cox regression P < 0.001 for both). CONCLUSION GDF15 and other inflammatory markers are associated with weight loss, decreased aLBM and strength, and poor survival in patients with cancer. GDF15 may serve as a prognostic indicator in cancer patients and is being evaluated as a potential therapeutic target for cancer-related weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa G Hayes
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center Houston, TX, USA ; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Bin Feng
- AVEO Pharmaceuticals Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jose M Garcia
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center Houston, TX, USA ; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA ; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
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Aho V, Ollila HM, Rantanen V, Kronholm E, Surakka I, van Leeuwen WMA, Lehto M, Matikainen S, Ripatti S, Härmä M, Sallinen M, Salomaa V, Jauhiainen M, Alenius H, Paunio T, Porkka-Heiskanen T. Partial sleep restriction activates immune response-related gene expression pathways: experimental and epidemiological studies in humans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77184. [PMID: 24194869 PMCID: PMC3806729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that short or insufficient sleep is associated with increased risk for metabolic diseases and mortality. To elucidate mechanisms behind this connection, we aimed to identify genes and pathways affected by experimentally induced, partial sleep restriction and to verify their connection to insufficient sleep at population level. The experimental design simulated sleep restriction during a working week: sleep of healthy men (N = 9) was restricted to 4 h/night for five nights. The control subjects (N = 4) spent 8 h/night in bed. Leukocyte RNA expression was analyzed at baseline, after sleep restriction, and after recovery using whole genome microarrays complemented with pathway and transcription factor analysis. Expression levels of the ten most up-regulated and ten most down-regulated transcripts were correlated with subjective assessment of insufficient sleep in a population cohort (N = 472). Experimental sleep restriction altered the expression of 117 genes. Eight of the 25 most up-regulated transcripts were related to immune function. Accordingly, fifteen of the 25 most up-regulated Gene Ontology pathways were also related to immune function, including those for B cell activation, interleukin 8 production, and NF-κB signaling (P<0.005). Of the ten most up-regulated genes, expression of STX16 correlated negatively with self-reported insufficient sleep in a population sample, while three other genes showed tendency for positive correlation. Of the ten most down-regulated genes, TBX21 and LGR6 correlated negatively and TGFBR3 positively with insufficient sleep. Partial sleep restriction affects the regulation of signaling pathways related to the immune system. Some of these changes appear to be long-lasting and may at least partly explain how prolonged sleep restriction can contribute to inflammation-associated pathological states, such as cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Aho
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna M. Ollila
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- FIMM, Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, HUCH, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ville Rantanen
- Research Programs Unit, Genome-Scale Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erkki Kronholm
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ida Surakka
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- FIMM, Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wessel M. A. van Leeuwen
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre of Expertise for Human Factors at Work, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maili Lehto
- Unit of Systems Toxicology, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Matikainen
- Unit of Systems Toxicology, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- FIMM, Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Mikko Härmä
- Centre of Expertise for Human Factors at Work, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Sallinen
- Centre of Expertise for Human Factors at Work, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Agora Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- FIMM, Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Alenius
- Unit of Systems Toxicology, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Paunio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- FIMM, Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, HUCH, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Porkka-Heiskanen
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
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Mitsunaga S, Ikeda M, Shimizu S, Ohno I, Furuse J, Inagaki M, Higashi S, Kato H, Terao K, Ochiai A. Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1β can predict the efficacy of gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2013; 108:2063-9. [PMID: 23591198 PMCID: PMC3670479 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With this study, we sought to characterise the impact of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the outcomes of gemcitabine monotherapy (GEM) in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). METHODS Treatment-naive patients with advanced PC and no obvious infections were eligible for enrolment. All of the patients were scheduled to undergo systemic chemotherapy. Serum pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured using an electro-chemiluminescence assay method before chemotherapy. High cytokine levels were defined as values greater than the median. Clinical data were collected prospectively. RESULTS Sixty patients who received GEM were included in the analysis. High IL-6 and IL-1β levels were poor prognostic factors for overall survival in a multivariate analysis (P=0.011 and P=0.048, respectively). Patients with both a high IL-6 level and a high IL-1β level exhibited shortened overall and progression-free survival, a reduction in the tumour control rate, and a high dose intensity of GEM compared with patients with low levels of both IL-6 and IL-1β. CONCLUSION The serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1β predict the efficacy of GEM in patients with advanced PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mitsunaga
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
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Correlation between some hematological parameters, acute phase proteins and serum immunoglobulins in experimental caprine besnoitiosis. J Parasit Dis 2013; 39:155-61. [PMID: 26063991 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-013-0304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate correlation between some hematological parameters, acute phase proteins and immunoglobulins in the experimentally infected goats with Besnoitia caprae from the time of infection till 360 days post infection (DPI). Six male goats, approximately 12-16 months old, were inoculated subcutaneously with approximately 1.3 × 10(8) bradyzoites of B. caprae and blood samples were collected at weekly intervals from the jugular vein of the goats. Total leukocyte count and differential leukocyte counts were determined. Acute phase proteins (APPs) including serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), fibrinogen and ceruloplasmin were undertaken at weekly intervals. We evaluated an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (using a somatic antigen of bradyzoite) to detect anti-B. caprae antibodies in caprine sera. Cysts were present in the skin biopsies of the distal parts of the leg of the infected goats from 28 DPI. From 30 to 360 DPI, results showed that the APPs concentrations including SAA, Hp, fibrinogen and ceruloplasmin were enhanced in the serum of infected goats. However, there were some variation in hematological parameters; the differences were not significant with those of the normal values. Some variations were seen in the levels of specific antibodies against this parasite and they had correlation with some hematological parameters and acute-phase proteins.
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21
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Doumba PP, Nikolopoulou M, Gomatos IP, Konstadoulakis MM, Koskinas J. Co-culture of primary human tumor hepatocytes from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells: study of their in vitro immunological interactions. BMC Gastroenterol 2013; 13:17. [PMID: 23331458 PMCID: PMC3564683 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-13-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have suggested that the immune response may play a crucial role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, our aim was to establish a (i) functional culture of primary human tumor hepatocytes and non-tumor from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and (ii) a co-culture system of HCC and non-HCC hepatocytes with autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in order to study in vitro cell-to-cell interactions. Methods Tumor (HCC) and non-tumor (non-HCC) hepatocytes were isolated from the liver resection specimens of 11 patients operated for HCC, while PBMCs were retrieved immediately prior to surgery. Four biopsies were obtained from patients with no liver disease who had surgery for non malignant tumor (normal hepatocytes). Hepatocytes were either cultured alone (monoculture) or co-cultured with PBMCs. Flow cytometry measurements for MHC class II expression, apoptosis, necrosis and viability (7AAD) were performed 24 h, 48 h and 72 h in co-culture and monocultures. Results HCC and non-HCC hepatocytes exhibited increased MHC-II expression at 48h and 72h in co-culture with PBMCs as compared to monoculture, with MHC II-expressing HCC hepatocytes showing increased viability at 72 h. PBMCs showed increased MHC-II expression (activation) in co-culture with HCC as compared to non-HCC hepatocytes at all time points. Moreover, CD8+ T cells had significantly increased apoptosis and necrosis at 48h in co-culture with HCC hepatocytes as compared to monocultures. Interestingly, MHC-II expression on both HCC and non-HCC hepatocytes in co-culture was positively correlated with the respective activated CD8+ T cells. Conclusions We have established an in vitro co-culture model to study interactions between autologous PBMCs and primary HCC and non-HCC hepatocytes. This direct interaction leads to increased antigen presenting ability of HCC hepatocytes, activation of PBMCs with a concomitant apoptosis of activated CD8+ T cells. Although, a partially effective immune response against HCC exists, still tumor hepatocytes manage to escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyxeni P Doumba
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Athens, University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 114 Vas, Sofias Avenue, Athens 171 23, Greece
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22
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Jørgensen HBH, Buitenhuis B, Røntved CM, Jiang L, Ingvartsen KL, Sørensen P. Transcriptional profiling of the bovine hepatic response to experimentally induced E. coli mastitis. Physiol Genomics 2012; 44:595-606. [PMID: 22496490 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00084.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian liver works to keep the body in a state of homeostasis and plays an important role in systemic acute phase response to infections. In this study we investigated the bovine hepatic acute phase response at the gene transcription level in dairy cows with experimentally Escherichia coli-induced mastitis. At time = 0, each of 16 periparturient dairy cows received 20-40 colony-forming units of live E. coli in one front quarter of the udder. A time series of liver biopsies was collected at -144, 12, 24, and 192 h relative to time of inoculation. Changes in transcription levels in response to E. coli inoculation were analyzed using the Bovine Genome Array and tested significant for 408 transcripts over the time series [adjusted p ≤ 0.05, abs(fold-change) > 2]. After 2-D clustering, transcripts represented three distinct transcription profiles: 1) regulation of gene transcription and apoptosis, 2) responses to cellular stress invoked by reactive metabolites, and 3) metabolism and turnover of proteins. The results showed that the liver went through a period of perturbations to its normal homeostatic condition during the first 24 h following the E. coli-induced intra-mammary inflammation. In previous studies, bacterial lipopolysaccharide, LPS, was used for intramammary stimulation to mimic E. coli infection. Comparing responses to LPS and E. coli, induced biochemical processes were similar but not identical (94 and 85% similarity between corresponding samples at early and late acute phase, respectively), but their kinetics were not. A notable difference concerned transcription of factors associated with oxidative stress in E. coli-induced liver responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne B H Jørgensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
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Inagaki Y, Sugimoto K, Shiraki K, Yoshizawa N, Tameda M, Ogura S, Yoneda M, Takei Y, Fuke H, Hashimoto A, Yamamoto N, Shimizu A. Sarcomatous hepatocellular carcinoma with remittent fever. Intern Med 2012; 51:3025-9. [PMID: 23124144 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report a rare case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with sarcomatous changes. A 66-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a high fever and upper abdominal pain. Initially, he was diagnosed as having a liver abscess; however, antibiotic treatment and drainage were ineffective. Further imaging studies revealed the typical appearance of HCC: the tumor had invaded the hepatic and portal veins. Surgical resection of the tumor was performed. A pathological examination demonstrated the presence of a sarcomatous hepatocellular carcinoma. Sarcomatous hepatocellular carcinoma with remittent fever is a rare disease entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Inagaki
- Department of Gastoenterology, Mie University School of Medicine, and Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Matsuzaka General Hospital, Japan
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Kuribayashi T, Tomizawa M, Seita T, Tagata K, Yamamoto S. Relationship between production of acute-phase proteins and strength of inflammatory stimulation in rats. Lab Anim 2011; 45:215-8. [PMID: 21669904 PMCID: PMC3125702 DOI: 10.1258/la.2011.010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between intensity of inflammatory stimulation and production of α2-macroglobulin (α2M) and α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) in rats was investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with turpentine oil at doses of 0.05, 0.2 or 0.4 mL/rat. Serum levels of α2M, interleukin (IL)-6 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and AAG was measured by single radial immunodiffusion. Peak serum levels of α2M and AAG in rats injected at 0.05 mL/rat were significantly lower than those at 0.2 or 0.4 mL/rat. However, no significant differences were observed for peak serum levels of these acute-phase proteins between 0.2 and 0.4 mL/rat. Furthermore, peak serum levels of IL-6 and CINC-1 in rats injected at 0.05 mL/rat were significantly lower than those at 0.2 or 0.4 mL/rat. Thus, the production of these acute-phase proteins has upper limits, even under increased strength of inflammatory stimulation in rats injected with turpentine oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kuribayashi
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
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Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines during immune stimulation: modulation of iron status and red blood cell profile. Mediators Inflamm 2011; 2011:716301. [PMID: 21547258 PMCID: PMC3086355 DOI: 10.1155/2011/716301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty-eight patients were subdivided according to C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, resulting in 19 patients with normal (2.8 ± 2.8 mg/L) and 29 with elevated (82.2 ± 76.2 mg/L) CRP levels. The elevated CRP group had iron and red blood cell (RBC) profiles characteristic of chronic immune stimulation (CIS), and the normal CRP group, profiles of true iron deficiency. Normal relationships between storage iron, bioavailable iron, and RBC indices were absent in the elevated CRP group-implying the role of iron as major determinant of the RBC profile to be diminished during CIS. The elevated CRP group had significant increases in proinflammatory cytokines (INF-γ, TNF-α, Il-1β, Il-6, and Il-8). Anti-inflammatory cytokine levels were normal, except for Il-10, supporting previous indications that Il-10 contributes to reducing bioavailable iron. Regression analysis suggested decreases in transferrin to be related to increases in Il-8 and an increase in ferritin to be related to a decrease in Il-12 levels. TGF-β levels were positively related to transferrin and negatively to ferritin.
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HONJO T, KURIBAYASHI T, SEITA T, MOKONUMA Y, YAMAGA A, YAMAZAKI S, YAMAMOTO S. The Effects of Interleukin-6 and Cytokine-Induced Neutrophil Chemoattractant-1 on .ALPHA.2-Macroglobulin Production in Rats. Exp Anim 2010; 59:589-94. [DOI: 10.1538/expanim.59.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Toshio HONJO
- Seminar on Environment, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University
| | - Takashi KURIBAYASHI
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University
| | - Tetsurou SEITA
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University
| | - Yui MOKONUMA
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University
| | - Ayaka YAMAGA
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University
| | - Shunsuke YAMAZAKI
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Food and Nutrition, Kamakura Women’s University
| | - Shizuo YAMAMOTO
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University
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Honjo T, Kuribayashi T, Matsumoto M, Yamazaki S, Yamamoto S. Kinetics of {alpha}2-macroglobulin and {alpha}1-acid glycoprotein in rats subjected to repeated acute inflammatory stimulation. Lab Anim 2009; 44:150-4. [PMID: 19858170 DOI: 10.1258/la.2009.009042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of alpha(2)-macroglobulin (alpha2M) and alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AAG) in rats repeatedly stimulated with intramuscular injections of turpentine oil at doses 0.05 and 0.4 mL/rat were investigated. Mean serum levels of alpha2M peaked at 48 h after the first turpentine oil injection, reaching 1.74 and 2.36 mg/mL at 0.05 and 0.4 mL/rat, respectively. AAG peaks were also observed at 48 h after injection, and the mean values were 2.02 and 2.53 mg/mL, respectively. These peak values of alpha2M and AAG differed significantly between the 0.05 and 0.4 mL/rat injection groups. Mean serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) at 0.05 mL/rat were 52.61 pg/mL at 12 h, 48.86 pg/mL at 36 h and 81.93 pg/mL at 84 h after the first injection. Mean IL-6 serum levels at 0.4 mL/rat were 215.24 pg/mL at 12 h, 56.33 pg/mL at 36 h and 39.25 pg/mL at 84 h after the first injection. Mean serum levels of cytokine-induced chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1) at a dose of 0.05 mL/rat were 5.70 ng/mL at 12 h, 5.58 ng/mL at 36 h and 4.58 ng/mL at 84 h after the first injection. Mean serum levels of CINC-1 after injection at 0.4 mL/rat were 11.57 ng/mL at 12 h, 4.68 ng/mL at 36 h and 4.42 ng/mL at 84 h. Serum levels of IL-6 differed significantly at 12, 24, 72 and 84 h, while those of CINC-1 differed significantly at 12, 24, 48 and 96 h between the 0.05 and 0.4 mL/rat injection groups. Differences in peak serum levels in the 0.05 and 0.4 mL/rat groups were attributed to differences in the production of IL-6 and CINC-1, which are thought to contribute to alpha2M and AAG production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Honjo
- Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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28
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Araki K, Shimura T, Yajima T, Tsutsumi S, Suzuki H, Okada K, Kobayashi T, Raz A, Kuwano H. Phosphoglucose isomerase/autocrine motility factor promotes melanoma cell migration through ERK activation dependent on autocrine production of interleukin-8. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:32305-11. [PMID: 19801670 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.008250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that phosphoglucose isomerase/autocrine motility factor (AMF) promotes cell migration in an autocrine manner in various tumor cells. However, it remains unclear whether certain cytokines modulate the effects of AMF on tumor cell migration. Because interleukin (IL)-8, a proinflammatory cytokine, is produced by melanoma cells and has been correlated with melanoma migration, the migratory ability of melanoma cells induced by AMF may also involve induction of IL-8 expression. In the present study, we assessed whether AMF promotes melanoma cell migration through autocrine production of IL-8. We found that AMF stimulation increased IL-8 production through up-regulation of IL-8 mRNA transcription, especially in biologically early stage melanoma cells. AMF-induced migration of these cells was inhibited by a specific neutralizing antibody against IL-8. The IL-8 production induced by AMF was mediated by the ERK1/2 pathways. These findings suggest that melanoma migration induced by AMF is mediated by autocrine production of IL-8 as a novel downstream modulator of the AMF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Araki
- Department of General Surgical Science (Surgery I), Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
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Interleukin-8 producing hepatocellular carcinoma with pyrexia. HPB SURGERY : A WORLD JOURNAL OF HEPATIC, PANCREATIC AND BILIARY SURGERY 2009; 2009:461492. [PMID: 19707535 PMCID: PMC2730579 DOI: 10.1155/2009/461492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We discuss a patient who had poorly differentiated HCC with pyrexia and high CRP in laboratory data, which are not commonly observed in the usual HCC. A 50-year-old man with a history of liver dysfunction was admitted with a chief complaint of a prolonged fever and general fatigue. Preoperative diagnosis was HCC with portal vein tumor thrombus. Posterior segmentectomy of the liver and thrombectomy was performed. Rapid tumor recurrence occurred after surgery, and he died 79 days after the operation. Immunohistochemical stain of HCC in this patient revealed the production of proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-8 (IL-8). IL-8 production may have contributed to the high fever, high inflammatory reaction, and poor prognosis in this case.
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30
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Deans DAC, Tan BH, Wigmore SJ, Ross JA, de Beaux AC, Paterson-Brown S, Fearon KCH. The influence of systemic inflammation, dietary intake and stage of disease on rate of weight loss in patients with gastro-oesophageal cancer. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:63-9. [PMID: 19127266 PMCID: PMC2634686 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although weight loss is often a dominant symptom in patients with upper gastrointestinal malignancy, there is a lack of objective evidence describing changes in nutritional status and potential associations between weight loss, food intake, markers of systemic inflammation and stage of disease in such patients. Two hundred and twenty patients diagnosed with gastric/oesophageal cancer were studied. Patients underwent nutritional assessment consisting of calculation of body mass index, measurement of weight loss, dysphagia scoring and estimation of dietary intake. Serum acute-phase protein concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In all, 182 (83%) patients had lost weight at diagnosis (median loss, 7% body weight). Weight loss was associated with poor performance status, advanced disease stage, dysphagia, reduced dietary intake and elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. Multiple regression identified dietary intake (estimate of effect, 38%), serum CRP concentrations (estimate of effect, 34%) and stage of disease (estimate of effect, 28%) as independent variables in determining degree of weight loss. Mechanisms other than reduced dietary intake or mechanical obstruction by the tumour appear to be involved in the nutritional decline in patients with gastro-oesophageal malignancy. Recognition that systemic inflammation plays a role in nutritional depletion may inform the development of appropriate therapeutic strategies to ameliorate weight loss, making patients more tolerant of cancer-modifying treatments such as chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A C Deans
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - B H Tan
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S J Wigmore
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - J A Ross
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - A C de Beaux
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S Paterson-Brown
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - K C H Fearon
- University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
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Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 is produced at the site of inflammation and plays a key role in the acute phase response as defined by a variety of clinical and biological features such as the production of acute phase proteins. IL-6 in combination with its soluble receptor sIL-6Rα, dictates the transition from acute to chonic inflammation by changing the nature of leucocyte infiltrate (from polymorphonuclear neutrophils to monocyte/macrophages). In addition, IL-6 exerts stimulatory effects on T- and B-cells, thus favoring chronic inflammatory responses. Strategies targeting IL-6 and IL-6 signaling led to effective prevention and treatment of models of rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Gabay
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland.
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Wigmore SJ, Fearon KCH, Ross JA, McNally SJ, Welch WJ, Garden OJ. Febrile-range temperature but not heat shock augments the acute phase response to interleukin-6 in human hepatoma cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2006; 290:G903-11. [PMID: 16339299 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00089.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the stress protein response and the acute phase response (APPR) was studied in human hepatoma cells to investigate the hierarchy of regulation of these survival responses. Huh-7 cells were subjected to heat treatment (febrile-range temperature 40 degrees C or heat shock 43 degrees C) followed by recovery at 37 degrees C in the presence or absence of IL-6 given either before or after heat treatment. The effects on total, fractional, and acute phase protein synthesis were then analyzed by metabolic labeling, ELISA, real-time PCR, Northern blot analysis, and activation of an alpha(1)-antitrypsin reporter plasmid. Cell energetics were studied under the same conditions using an index of mitochondrial activity and measurement of cellular ATP levels. Febrile-range temperature (40 degrees C) augmented acute phase protein production when cells had been pretreated with IL-6. Pretreatment of cells with IL-6 also prevented heat shock-induced suppression of alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin (ACT) but not transferrin. mRNA expression of ACT and alpha(1)-antitrypsin reporter activation studies was consistent with transcriptional regulation of these proteins. Expression of mRNA transcripts for transferrin was increased despite protein expression being reduced by heat shock. The effects of heat shock on acute phase protein synthesis can be modified by preincubation with IL-6, whereas addition of this ligand after heat treatment has no effect on the suppressive effect of heat on the APPR. The mechanism of this action appears to be transcriptionally regulated in the case of ACT, but in the case of transferrin, it may be mediated by another process such as posttranslational modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Wigmore
- Liver Research Group, University of Birmingham, Institute of Biomedical Research 5th Floor, Wolfson Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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Zhou C, Tabb MM, Sadatrafiei A, Grün F, Sun A, Blumberg B. Hyperforin, the active component of St. John's wort, induces IL-8 expression in human intestinal epithelial cells via a MAPK-dependent, NF-kappaB-independent pathway. J Clin Immunol 2005; 24:623-36. [PMID: 15622447 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-004-6248-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
St. John's wort is widely used as an herbal antidepressant and is among the top-selling botanical products in the United States. Although St. John's wort has been reported to have minimal side effects compared with other antidepressants, here we show that hyperforin, the active component of St. John's wort, can stimulate interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression in human intestinal epithelia cells (IEC) and primary hepatocytes. Hyperforin is also able to induce expression of mRNA, encoding another major inflammatory mediator--intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). IEC participate in the intestinal inflammatory process and serve as a first line of defense through bidirectional communication between host and infectious pathogens. Although hyperforin is a potent ligand for the steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR), we found that hyperforin induced IL-8 mRNA through an SXR-independent transcriptional activation pathway. IL-8 induction by hyperforin required the activation of AP-1 but not the NF-kappaB transcription factor, thereby distinguishing it from the NF-kappaB-dependent IL-8 induction mediated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). Further study revealed that extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) were required for the hyperforin-induced expression of IL-8. Our results suggest a previously unsuspected effect of St. John's wort in modulating the immune and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA
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Lowrie AG, Salter DM, Ross JA. Latent effects of fibronectin, alpha5beta1 integrin, alphaVbeta5 integrin and the cytoskeleton regulate pancreatic carcinoma cell IL-8 secretion. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:1327-34. [PMID: 15354211 PMCID: PMC2409896 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between tumour cells and the microenvironment are increasingly recognised to have an influence on cancer progression. In pancreatic carcinoma, a highly desmoplastic stroma with abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) protein and interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression is seen. To investigate whether the ECM may further contribute to abnormalities in the microenvironment by influencing IL-8 secretion, we cultured the Mia PaCa2 pancreatic carcinoma cell line on fibronectin. This resulted in a dose-dependent increase in IL-8 secretion, which was RGD dependent and accompanied by cell spreading and proliferation. The role of spreading was assessed by disruption of the cytoskeleton with cytochalasin D, resulting in a large increase in IL-8 secretion, which was reduced from 31- to 24-fold by fibronectin. This remarkable response was associated with inhibition of spreading and proliferation and represents a novel cytoskeletal function. To investigate whether it could be accounted for by the loss of integrin-mediated signalling, the expressed α5β1, αVβ5 and α3β1 integrins were inhibited. α5β1 inhibition prevented spreading and proliferation but produced a much smaller rise in IL-8 secretion than cytochalasin D. αVβ5 inhibition alone had only minor effects but when inhibited in combination with α5β1 completely abolished the response to fibronectin. These results reveal latent stimulatory effects of the αVβ5 integrin on IL-8 secretion and suggest that integrin crosstalk may limit the induction of IL-8 secretion by fibronectin. However, the magnitude of IL-8 secretion induced by cytochalasin cannot be accounted for by integrin signalling and may reflect the influence of another signalling pathway or a novel, intrinsic cytoskeletal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Lowrie
- Tissue Injury and Repair Group, 6th Floor, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - D M Salter
- Department of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - J A Ross
- Tissue Injury and Repair Group, 6th Floor, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
- Tissue Injury and Repair Group, 6th Floor, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK. E-mail:
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Watchorn TM, Waddell I, Ross JA. Proteolysis-inducing factor differentially influences transcriptional regulation in endothelial subtypes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2002; 282:E763-9. [PMID: 11882495 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00408.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF) is a novel sulfated glycoprotein initially identified as a protein capable of triggering muscle proteolysis during the process of cancer cachexia. Only skeletal muscle and liver exhibit substantial binding of PIF in adult tissue. Here, we demonstrate that PIF induces transcriptional regulation in both the liver endothelial cell line SK-HEP-1 and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) but not in pulmonary artery endothelial cells. PIF differentially induces activation of nuclear factor-kappaB, resulting in the induction of proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6] and increased expression of the cell surface proteins intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule in SK-HEP-1 and HUVECs only. In addition, PIF induces the shedding of syndecans from the cell surface. Syndecans are involved in wound repair, metastasis of cancers, and embryonic development. These results suggest that PIF may play additional roles in the proinflammatory response observed in cancer cachexia but may also have a role without the cachectic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Watchorn
- Molecular Immunology Group, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 9YW, United Kingdom
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Watchorn TM, Waddell I, Dowidar N, Ross JA. Proteolysis-inducing factor regulates hepatic gene expression via the transcription factors NF-(kappa)B and STAT3. FASEB J 2001; 15:562-4. [PMID: 11259367 DOI: 10.1096/fj.00-0534fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel protein, proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF), has been isolated from the urine of patients with pancreatic cancer and is capable of inducing muscle proteolysis in vitro. Only adult skeletal muscle and liver exhibit substantial binding of PIF. We have investigated the effect of PIF on hepatic gene expression. Primary cultures of human hepatocytes and the human cell line HepG2 were incubated in the presence of PIF to assess its effects on hepatic transcription factors, proinflammatory cytokine production, and acute phase proteins. PIF activates both the transcription factors NF-kB and STAT3, which result in the increased production of IL-8, IL-6, and C-reactive protein and the decreased production of transferrin. The function of PIF, beyond muscle degradation, is unknown but here we show that it is involved in hepatic gene expression, and is thus likely to be involved in the proinflammatory response observed in cachexia. These results may also suggest a potential role for PIF during embryonic development. The expression of PIF peaks during the embryonic period E8 to E9, a stage that is crucial in the development of skeletal muscle and liver and during which both NF-kB and STAT3 activation can also be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Watchorn
- Molecular Immunology Group, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, Edinburgh University, U.K.
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Bank U, Ansorge S. More than destructive: neutrophil‐derived serine proteases in cytokine bioactivity control. J Leukoc Biol 2001. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.69.2.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ute Bank
- Institute of Immunology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Siegfried Ansorge
- Institute of Immunology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
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Azoulay D, Samuel D, Castaing D, Adam R, Adams D, Said G, Bismuth H. Domino liver transplants for metabolic disorders: experience with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. J Am Coll Surg 1999; 189:584-93. [PMID: 10589595 DOI: 10.1016/s1072-7515(99)00208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shortage of liver donors means that new methods of liver procurement must be explored. In domino transplantation, organs explanted during transplantation in one patient are transplanted into a second patient. Domino procedures can be performed with livers from patients having transplantation for hepatic metabolic disorders that cause systemic disease without affecting other liver functions. Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) type I is one of these. STUDY DESIGN We reviewed the Paul Brousse experience with a domino liver transplant program for FAP, hoping to extend the approach to other metabolic disorders. RESULTS Livers from 10 patients transplanted for FAP type 1 were used for domino transplants to patients with unresectable primary or metastatic liver cancers. There was no perioperative mortality. Neuropathy or cardiomyopathy did not increase the morbidity of the domino liver explant and transplant procedures. Morbidity for the domino recipients did not appear to be increased. Variant transthyretin was detected in the serum in FAP liver recipients, with no immediate clinical consequences. CONCLUSIONS The domino approach is feasible and requires careful planning of the surgical procedures for liver explantation, particularly for the nature and site of vascular anastomoses. Domino transplantation of metabolically dysfunctional livers creates new categories of potential donors and potential recipients. It raises new ethical, technical, and societal issues. The domino approach could be used in several genetic or biochemical disorders now treated by liver transplantation. It has the potential to increase the number of liver grafts available for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Azoulay
- Centre Hepatobiliaire et Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
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