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Zhou R, Tu Z, Chen D, Wang W, Liu S, She L, Li Z, Liu J, Li Y, Cui Y, Pan P, Xie F. Quantitative proteome and lysine succinylome characterization of zinc chloride smoke-induced lung injury in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27450. [PMID: 38524532 PMCID: PMC10957386 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The inhalation of zinc chloride (ZnCl2) smoke is one of common resources of lung injury, potentially resulting in severe pulmonary complications and even mortality. The influence of ZnCl2 smoke on lysine succinylation (Ksucc) in the lungs remains uncertain. In this study, we used a ZnCl2 smoke inhalation mouse model to perform global proteomic and lysine succinylome analyses. A total of 6781 Ksucc sites were identified in the lungs, with injured lungs demonstrating a reduction to approximately 2000 Ksucc sites, and 91 proteins exhibiting at least five differences in the number of Ksucc sites. Quantitative analysis revealed variations in expression of 384 proteins and 749 Ksucc sites. The analysis of protein-protein interactions was conducted for proteins displaying differential expression and differentially expressed lysine succinylation. Notably, proteins with altered Ksucc exhibited increased connectivity compared with that in differentially expressed proteins. Beyond metabolic pathways, these highly connected proteins were also involved in lung injury-associated pathological reactions, including processes such as focal adhesion, adherens junction, and complement and coagulation cascades. Collectively, our findings contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlaying ZnCl2 smoke-induced lung injury with a specific emphasis on lysine succinylation. These findings could pave the way for targeted interventions and therapeutic strategies to mitigate severe pulmonary complications and mortality associated with such injuries in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450000, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhiwei Tu
- National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Daishi Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, 515100, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanmei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Shuzi Liu
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Linjun She
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450000, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450000, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450000, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yabin Li
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cui
- National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Institute of Lifeomics, 102206, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Pan
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xie
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, China
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Siamwala J, Swaminathan A, Chatterjee S. Assessment of Endothelial Barrier Functions in Extra Embryonic Vasculature of Chick Embryo as an Alternative Model. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2711:185-197. [PMID: 37776458 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3429-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Vascular permeability, a tightly regulated process, is a direct measure of angiogenic and immune responses in the endothelium altered in several acute and chronic diseases such as sepsis, high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE), ischemia, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) endotheliitis. Both endogenous and exogenous factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and hormones may affect vascular permeability. The conventional tools available for the measurement of vascular permeability in vitro and in vivo based on collagen-coated Transwell and dye-based spectrophotometric methods are indirect measures of permeability. In this chapter, we present our live in ovo protocols based on dextran-Texas red and avian chorioallantoic membrane assay developed using custom-made equipment to assess leakiness of endothelial cell barrier both in vitro and in vivo. Further, we validate this assay using different stressors such as ischemia and hypoxia known to affect endothelial barrier properties by potentiating actin stress fiber disorganization and disrupting the cell-cell junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Siamwala
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, Providence, RI, USA.
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Akila Swaminathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India
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3
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Siamwala JH, Mossman JA, Schorl C, Borgas D, Sakhatskyy P, Rand DM, Lu Q, Rounds S. Strain-dependent lung transcriptomic differences in cigarette smoke and LPS models of lung injury in mice. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:259-274. [PMID: 37184227 PMCID: PMC10259868 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00152.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking increases the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS; Calfee CS, Matthay MA, Eisner MD, Benowitz N, Call M, Pittet J-F, Cohen MJ. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 183: 1660-1665, 2011; Calfee CS, Matthay MA, Kangelaris KN, Siew ED, Janz DR, Bernard GR, May AK, Jacob P, Havel C, Benowitz NL, Ware LB. Crit Care Med 43: 1790-1797, 2015; Toy P, Gajic O, Bacchetti P, Looney MR, Gropper MA, Hubmayr R, Lowell CA, Norris PJ, Murphy EL, Weiskopf RB, Wilson G, Koenigsberg M, Lee D, Schuller R, Wu P, Grimes B, Gandhi MJ, Winters JL, Mair D, Hirschler N, Sanchez Rosen R, Matthay MA, TRALI Study Group. Blood 119: 1757-1767, 2012) and causes emphysema. However, it is not known why some individuals develop disease, whereas others do not. We found that smoke-exposed AKR mice were more susceptible to lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) than C57BL/6 mice (Sakhatskyy P, Wang Z, Borgas D, Lomas-Neira J, Chen Y, Ayala A, Rounds S, Lu Q. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 312: L56-L67, 2017); thus, we investigated strain-dependent lung transcriptomic responses to cigarette smoke (CS). Eight-week-old male AKR and C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 3 wk of room air (RA) or cigarette smoke (CS) for 6 h/day, 4 days/wk, followed by intratracheal instillation of LPS or normal saline (NS) and microarray analysis of lung homogenate gene expression. Other groups of AKR and C57 mice were exposed to RA or CS for 6 wk, followed by evaluation of static lung compliance and tissue elastance, morphometric evaluation for emphysema, or microarray analysis of lung gene expression. Transcriptomic analyses of lung homogenates show distinct strain-dependent lung transcriptional responses to CS and LPS, with AKR mice having larger numbers of genes affected than similarly treated C57 mice, congruent with strain differences in physiologic and inflammatory parameters previously observed in LPS-induced ALI after CS priming. These results suggest that genetic differences may underlie differing susceptibility of smokers to ARDS and emphysema. Strain-based differences in gene transcription contribute to CS and LPS-induced lung injury. There may be a genetic basis for smoking-related lung injury. Clinicians should consider cigarette smoke exposure as a risk factor for ALI and ARDS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate that transcriptomes expressed in lung homogenates also differ between the mouse strains and after acute (3 wk) exposure of animals to cigarette smoke (CS) and/or to lipopolysaccharide. Mouse strains also differed in physiologic, pathologic, and transcriptomic, responses to more prolonged (6 wk) exposure to CS. These data support a genetic basis for enhanced susceptibility to acute and chronic lung injury among humans who smoke cigarettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila H Siamwala
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Providence Health Care System, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Jim A Mossman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Christoph Schorl
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Diana Borgas
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Providence Health Care System, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Pavlo Sakhatskyy
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Providence Health Care System, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - David M Rand
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Providence Health Care System, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Providence Health Care System, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
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4
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Matz J, Farra YM, Cotto HM, Bellini C, Oakes JM. Respiratory mechanics following chronic cigarette smoke exposure in the Apoe[Formula: see text] mouse model. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:233-252. [PMID: 36335185 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01644-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Even though cigarette smoking (CS) has been on the decline over the past 50 years, it is still the leading cause of preventable premature death in the United States. Preclinical models have investigated the cardiopulmonary effects of CS exposure (CSE), but the structure-function relationship in the respiratory system has not yet been fully explored. To evaluate these relationships, we exposed female apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe[Formula: see text]) mice to mainstream CS ([Formula: see text]) for 5 days/week over 24 weeks with room air as a control (AE, [Formula: see text]). To contextualize the impact of CSE, we also assessed the natural aging effects over 24 weeks of air exposure (baseline, [Formula: see text]). Functional assessments were performed on a small animal mechanical ventilator (flexiVent, SCIREQ), where pressure-volume curves and impedance data at four levels of positive end-expiratory pressure ([Formula: see text]) and with increasing doses of methacholine were collected. Constant phase model parameters ([Formula: see text]: Newtonian resistance, H: coefficient of tissue elastance, and G: coefficient of tissue resistance) were calculated from the impedance data. Perfusion fixed-left lung tissue was utilized for quantification of parenchyma airspace size and tissue thickness, airway wall thickness, and measurements of elastin, cytoplasm + nucleus, fibrin, and collagen content for the parenchyma and airways. Aging caused the lung to become more compliant, with an upward-leftward shift of the pressure-volume curve and a reduction in all constant phase model parameters. This was supported by larger parenchyma airspace sizes, with a reduction in cell cytoplasm + nucleus area. Airway walls became thinner, even though low-density collagen content increased. In contrast, CSE caused a downward-rightward shift of the pressure-volume curve along with an increase in H, G, and hysteresivity ([Formula: see text]). Organ stiffening was accompanied by enhanced airway hyper-responsiveness following methacholine challenge. Structurally, parenchyma airspaces enlarged, as indicated by an increase in equivalent airspace diameter ([Formula: see text]), and the septum thickened with significant deposition of low-density collagen along with an influx of cells. Airway walls thickened due to deposition of both high and low-density collagen, infiltration of cells, and epithelial cell elongation. In all, our data suggest that CSE in female Apoe[Formula: see text] mice reduces respiratory functionality and causes morphological alterations in both central and peripheral airways that results in lung stiffening, compared to AE controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Matz
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - Yasmeen M Farra
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | | | - Chiara Bellini
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - Jessica M Oakes
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, USA.
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5
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White A, Wang Z, Wang X, King M, Guo C, Mantsounga C, Ayala A, Morrison AR, Choudhary G, Sellke F, Chambers E, Ware LB, Rounds S, Lu Q. NLRP3 inflammasome activation in cigarette smoke priming for Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102467. [PMID: 36175355 PMCID: PMC9618465 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that cigarette smoke (CS) exposure increases the incidence and severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in critical ill humans and animals. However, the mechanism(s) is not well understood. This study aims to investigate mechanism underlying the priming effect of CS on Pseudomonas aeruginosa-triggered acute lung injury, by using pre-clinic animal models and genetically modified mice. We demonstrated that CS impaired P. aeruginosa-induced mitophagy flux, promoted p62 accumulation, and exacerbated P. aeruginosa-triggered mitochondrial damage and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in alveolar macrophages; an effect associated with increased acute lung injury and mortality. Pharmacological inhibition of caspase-1, a component of inflammasome, attenuated CS primed P. aeruginosa-triggered acute lung injury and improved animal survival. Global or myeloid-specific knockout of IL-1β, a downstream component of inflammasome activation, also attenuated CS primed P. aeruginosa-triggered acute lung injury. Our results suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is an important mechanism for CS primed P. aeruginosa-triggered acute lung injury. (total words: 155).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis White
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Zhengke Wang
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Xing Wang
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Michelle King
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Cynthia Guo
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Chris Mantsounga
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alfred Ayala
- Department of Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Lifespan-Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alan R Morrison
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Gaurav Choudhary
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Frank Sellke
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Lifespan-Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Eboni Chambers
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lorraine B Ware
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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6
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Qin X, Gao A, Hou X, Xu X, Chen L, Sun L, Hao Y, Shi Y. Connexins may play a critical role in cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary hypertension. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:1609-1621. [PMID: 35344070 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic progressive disease characterized by pulmonary vasoconstriction and remodeling. It causes a gradual increase in pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right-sided heart failure, and may be fatal. Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) is an essential risk factor for PH group 3; however, smoking continues to be prevalent and smoking cessation is reported to be difficult. A majority of smokers exhibit PH, which leads to a concomitant increase in the risk of mortality. The current treatments for PH group 3 focus on vasodilation and long-term oxygen supplementation, and fail to stop or reverse PH-associated continuous vascular remodeling. Recent studies have suggested that pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by CS exposure may be an initial event in the natural history of PH, which in turn may be associated with abnormal alterations in connexin (Cx) expression. The relationship between Cx and CS-induced PH development has not yet been directly investigated. Therefore, this review will describe the roles of CS and Cx in the development of PH and discuss the related downstream pathways. We also discuss the possible role of Cx in CS-induced PH. It is hoped that this review may provide new perspectives for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
- China Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Anqi Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- China Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinrong Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangjin Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Lin Sun
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuxuan Hao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiwei Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, 85 Jiefang South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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7
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Moazed F, Hendrickson C, Jauregui A, Gotts J, Conroy A, Delucchi K, Zhuo H, Arambulo M, Vessel K, Ke S, Deiss T, Ni A, Leligdowicz A, Abbott J, Cohen MJ, Sinha P, Gomez A, Kangelaris K, Kornblith L, Matthay M, Benowitz N, Liu K, Calfee CS. Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Sepsis: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Biologic Markers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:927-935. [PMID: 35050845 PMCID: PMC9838633 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202105-1098oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cigarette smoke exposure is associated with an increased risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in trauma, transfusion, and nonpulmonary sepsis. It is unknown whether this relationship exists in the general sepsis population. Furthermore, it is unknown if patients with ARDS have differences in underlying biology based on smoking status. Objectives: To assess the relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and ARDS in sepsis and identify tobacco-related biomarkers of lung injury. Methods: We studied a prospective cohort of 592 patients with sepsis from 2009 to 2017. Plasma cotinine and urine NNAL [urine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol] were measured to categorize smoking status. Plasma biomarkers of inflammation and lung injury were measured, including in a smaller cohort of trauma patients with ARDS to increase generalizability. Measurements and Main Results: Passive and active smoking were associated with increased odds of developing ARDS in patients with sepsis. Among patients with sepsis and ARDS, active cigarette smokers were younger and had lower severity of illness than nonsmokers. Patients with ARDS with cigarette smoke exposure had lower plasma levels of IL-8 (P = 0.01) and sTNFR-1 (soluble tumor necrosis factor 1; P = 0.01) compared with those without exposure. Similar biomarker patterns were observed in blunt trauma patients with ARDS. Conclusions: Passive and active smoking are associated with an increased risk of developing ARDS in patients with pulmonary and nonpulmonary sepsis. Among patients with ARDS, those with cigarette smoke exposure have less systemic inflammation, while active smokers also have lower severity of illness compared with nonsmokers, suggesting that smoking contributes to biological heterogeneity in ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Moazed
- Department of Medicine,,Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education,,Department of Medicine, Highland Hospital, Oakland, California
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Gotts
- Department of Medicine,,Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education
| | - Amanda Conroy
- Department of Surgery, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Kevin Delucchi
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education,,Department of Psychiatry
| | | | - Mikhaela Arambulo
- Department of Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mitchell J. Cohen
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | | | | | | | - Lucy Kornblith
- Department of Surgery, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Michael Matthay
- Department of Medicine,,Cardiovascular Research Institute, and,Department of Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Neal Benowitz
- Department of Medicine,,Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education
| | | | - Carolyn S. Calfee
- Department of Medicine,,Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education,,Cardiovascular Research Institute, and,Department of Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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8
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Rounds S, Lu Q, Siamwala J. CIGARETTE SMOKING INCREASES THE RISK OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME. TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN CLINICAL AND CLIMATOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION 2022; 132:224-235. [PMID: 36196201 PMCID: PMC9480561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) remains a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality, despite recent progress in smoking cessation in the United States. Epidemiologic studies in humans have reported associations between CS and development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after a number of inciting risk factors. We have assessed the effects of CS exposure on lung vascular permeability and inflammation in mice and found that both acute and sustained CS exposure increased the severity of acute lung injury caused by subsequent intrapulmonary instillation of lipopolysaccharide. In addition to enhanced inflammation, CS exposure directly impaired lung endothelial cell barrier function. Our results indicate that mouse strains differ in susceptibility to CS exacerbation of acute lung injury and that there are differences in transcriptomic effects of CS. These results demonstrate the biologic basis for the association of CS with development of ARDS. We propose that CS be considered a cause of heterogeneity of ARDS phenotypes and that this be recorded as a risk factor in the design of clinical trials.
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Wang Y, Kuang X, Yin Y, Han N, Chang L, Wang H, Hou Y, Li H, Li Z, Liu Y, Hao Y, Wei Y, Wang X, Jia Z. Tongxinluo prevents chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with atherosclerosis by inhibiting ferroptosis and protecting against pulmonary microvascular barrier dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112367. [PMID: 34740097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular comorbidities are pervasive in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and often result in serious adverse cardiovascular events. Tongxinluo (TXL) has been clinically verified to treat atherosclerosis (AS), improve lung function and alleviate dyspnoea. The present study aimed to explore the effect of lung microvascular barrier dysfunction on AS in COPD and the potential pulmonary protective mechanisms of TXL in COPD complicated with AS. COPD complicated with AS was induced in mice by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure and high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. The mice were treated with atorvastatin (ATO), TXL or combination therapy (ATO+TXL) for 20 weeks. Pulmonary function, lung pathology, serum lipid levels, atherosclerotic plaque area and indicators of barrier function, oxidative stress and ferroptosis in lung tissue were evaluated. In vitro, human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) were pretreated with TXL for 4 h and then incubated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and homocysteine (Hcy) for 36 h to induce barrier dysfunction. Then the indicators of barrier function, oxidative stress and ferroptosis were measured. The results demonstrate that CS aggravated dyslipidaemia, atherosclerotic plaque formation, pulmonary function decline, pathological injury, barrier dysfunction, oxidative stress and ferroptosis in the HFD-fed mice. However, these abnormalities were partially reversed by ATO and TXL. Similar results were observed in vitro. In conclusion, pulmonary microvascular barrier dysfunction plays an important role by which COPD affects the progression of AS, and ferroptosis may be involved. Moreover, TXL delays the progression of AS and reduces cardiovascular events by protecting the pulmonary microvascular barrier and inhibiting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafen Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Xiangnan Kuang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Yujie Yin
- Hebei Yiling Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Ningxin Han
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Liping Chang
- Hebei Yiling Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Hebei Yiling Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Yunlong Hou
- Hebei Yiling Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Huixin Li
- Hebei Yiling Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yuanjie Hao
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yaru Wei
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei, China; Hebei Yiling Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yiling Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, Hebei, China
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10
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McRobbie H, Kwan B. Tobacco use disorder and the lungs. Addiction 2021; 116:2559-2571. [PMID: 33140508 DOI: 10.1111/add.15309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This narrative review provides a summary of the impact of tobacco smoking on the respiratory system and the benefits of smoking cessation. Tobacco smoking is one of the leading preventable causes of death world-wide and a major risk factor for lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Smoking is also associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections and appears to be related to poorer outcomes among those with COVID-19. Non-smokers with second-hand smoke exposure also experience significant adverse respiratory effects. Smoking imposes enormous health- and non-health-related costs to societies. The benefits of smoking cessation, in both prevention and management of respiratory disease, have been known for decades and, to this day, cessation support remains one of the most important cost-effective interventions that health professionals can provide to people who smoke. Cessation at any age confers substantial health benefits, even in smokers with established morbidities. As other treatments for chronic respiratory disease advance and survival rates increase, smoking cessation treatment will become even more relevant. While smoking cessation interventions are available, the offer of these by clinicians and uptake by patients remain limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden McRobbie
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Lakes District Health Board, Rotorua, New Zealand
| | - Benjamin Kwan
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Sutherland Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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11
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Yu C, Qiu M, Zhang Z, Song X, Du H, Peng H, Li Q, Yang L, Xiong X, Xia B, Hu C, Chen J, Jiang X, Yang C. Transcriptome sequencing reveals genes involved in cadmium-triggered oxidative stress in the chicken heart. Poult Sci 2021; 100:100932. [PMID: 33652545 PMCID: PMC7936198 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
As a ubiquitous heavy metal, cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic to various organs. However, the effects and molecular mechanism of Cd toxicity in the chicken heart remain largely unknown. The goal of our study was to investigate the cardiac injury in chickens' exposure to Cd. We detected the levels of oxidative stress-related molecules in the Cd-induced chicken heart, and assessed the histopathological changes by hematoxylin and eosin staining. RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs between the Cd-induced group and control group. The expression of candidate genes involved in oxidative stress was certified by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Our results showed that the expression of glutathione, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased and malondialdehyde was increased in the heart of chickens by Cd induction. The disorderly arranged cardiomyocytes, swelled and enlarged cells, partial cardiomyocyte necrosis, blurred morphological structure, and notable inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the Cd-induced chicken heart. RNA sequencing identified 23 upregulated and 11 downregulated mRNAs in the heart tissues of the chicken in the Cd-induced group, and functional pathways indicated that they were associated with oxidative stress. Moreover, CREM, DUSP8, and ITGA11 expressions were significantly reduced, whereas LAMA1 expression was induced in heart tissue of chickens by Cd treatment. Overall, our findings revealed that oxidative stress and pathological changes in the chicken heart could be triggered by Cd. The mRNA transcriptional profiles identified differentially expressed genes in the chicken heart by Cd induction, revealing oxidative stress-related key genes and enhancing our understanding of Cd toxicity in the chicken heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Yu
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Mohan Qiu
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Zengrong Zhang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Huarui Du
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Han Peng
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Qingyun Li
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Li Yang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Bo Xia
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Chenming Hu
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Jialei Chen
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Xiaosong Jiang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Chaowu Yang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China.
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12
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Wang Z, White A, Wang X, Ko J, Choudhary G, Lange T, Rounds S, Lu Q. Mitochondrial Fission Mediated Cigarette Smoke-induced Pulmonary Endothelial Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:637-651. [PMID: 32672471 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0008oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure increases the risk for acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans and promotes alveolar-capillary barrier permeability and acute lung injury in animal models. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Mitochondrial fusion and fission are essential for mitochondrial homeostasis in health and disease. In this study, we hypothesized that CS caused endothelial injury via an imbalance of mitochondrial fusion and fission and resultant mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction. We noted that CS altered mitochondrial morphology by shortening mitochondrial networks and causing perinuclear accumulation of damaged mitochondria in primary rat lung microvascular endothelial cells. We also found that CS increased mitochondrial fission likely by decreasing Drp1-S637 and increasing FIS1, Drp1-S616 phosphorylation, mitochondrial translocation, and tetramerization and reduced mitochondrial fusion likely by decreasing Mfn2 in lung microvascular endothelial cells and mouse lungs. CS also caused aberrant mitophagy, increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, and reduced mitochondrial respiration. An inhibitor of mitochondrial fission and a mitochondria-specific antioxidant prevented CS-induced increased endothelial barrier dysfunction and apoptosis. Our data suggest that excessive mitochondrial fission and resultant oxidative stress are essential mediators of CS-induced endothelial injury and that inhibition of mitochondrial fission and mitochondria-specific antioxidants may be useful therapeutic strategies for CS-induced endothelial injury and associated pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengke Wang
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Alexis White
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Xing Wang
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island.,Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; and
| | - Junsuk Ko
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Gaurav Choudhary
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Thilo Lange
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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13
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Post-transcriptional air pollution oxidation to the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway promotes pulmonary stress phenotypes. Commun Biol 2020; 3:392. [PMID: 32699268 PMCID: PMC7376215 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of environmentally-induced chemical changes in RNA has been fairly unexplored. Air pollution induces oxidative modifications such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) in RNAs of lung cells, which could be associated with premature lung dysfunction. We develop a method for 8-oxoG profiling using immunocapturing and RNA sequencing. We find 42 oxidized transcripts in bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells exposed to two air pollution mixtures that recreate urban atmospheres. We show that the FDFT1 transcript in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway is susceptible to air pollution-induced oxidation. This process leads to decreased transcript and protein expression of FDFT1, and reduced cholesterol synthesis in cells exposed to air pollution. Knockdown of FDFT1 replicates alterations seen in air pollution exposure such as transformed cell size and suppressed cytoskeleton organization. Our results argue of a possible novel biomarker and of an unseen mechanism by which air pollution selectively modifies key metabolic-related transcripts facilitating cell phenotypes in bronchial dysfunction. Gonzales-Rivera et al. develop a method for 8-oxoG profiling using immunocapturing and RNA sequencing. They show that the FDFT1 transcript is susceptible to air pollution-induced oxidation, after identifying 42 transcripts that are differentially oxidized in bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells under air pollution conditions relative to clean air. FDFT1 oxidation affects cholesterol synthesis pathway, leading to phenotypes associated with several lung diseases.
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14
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Abouhish H, Thounaojam MC, Jadeja RN, Gutsaeva DR, Powell FL, Khriza M, Martin PM, Bartoli M. Inhibition of HDAC6 Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Retinal Redox Imbalance and Microangiopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070599. [PMID: 32660051 PMCID: PMC7402090 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the contributing role of the histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) to the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Furthermore, we examined the mechanism of action of HDAC6 in human retinal endothelial cells (HuREC) exposed to glucidic stress. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-rats), a rat model of type 1 diabetes, were used as model of DR. HDAC6 expression and activity were increased in human diabetic postmortem donors and STZ-rat retinas and were augmented in HuREC exposed to glucidic stress (25 mM glucose). Administration of the HDAC6 specific inhibitor Tubastatin A (TS) (10 mg/kg) prevented retinal microvascular hyperpermeability and up-regulation of inflammatory markers. Furthermore, in STZ-rats, TS decreased the levels of senescence markers and rescued the expression and activity of the histone deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), while downregulating the levels of free radicals and of the redox stress markers 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and nitrotyrosine (NT). The antioxidant effects of TS, consequent to HDAC6 inhibition, were associated with preservation of Nrf2-dependent gene expression and up-regulation of thioredoxin-1 activity. In vitro data, obtained from HuREC, exposed to glucidic stress, largely replicated the in vivo results further confirming the antioxidant effects of HDAC6 inhibition by TS in the diabetic rat retina. In summary, our data implicate HDAC6 activation in mediating hyperglycemia-induced retinal oxidative/nitrative stress leading to retinal microangiopathy and, potentially, DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossameldin Abouhish
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (H.A.); (M.C.T.); (D.R.G.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Menaka C. Thounaojam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (H.A.); (M.C.T.); (D.R.G.)
| | - Ravirajsinh N. Jadeja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.N.J.); (F.L.P.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Diana R. Gutsaeva
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (H.A.); (M.C.T.); (D.R.G.)
| | - Folami L. Powell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.N.J.); (F.L.P.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Mohamed Khriza
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Pamela M. Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.N.J.); (F.L.P.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Manuela Bartoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (H.A.); (M.C.T.); (D.R.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +706-721-9797 or +706-721-7910; Fax: +706-721-9799
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE Cigarettes have been demonstrated to be toxic to the pulmonary connective tissue by impairing the lung's ability to clear debris, resulting in infection and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Approximately 8% of adolescents are smokers. We hypothesized that adolescent trauma patients who smoke have a higher rate of ARDS and pneumonia when compared to non-smokers. METHODS The Trauma Quality Improvement Program (2014-2016) was queried for adolescent trauma patients aged 13-17 years. Adolescent smokers were 1:2 propensity-score-matched to non-smokers based on age, comorbidities, and injury type. Data were analyzed using chi square for categorical data and Mann-Whitney U test for continuous data. RESULTS From 32,610 adolescent patients, 997 (3.1%) were smokers. After matching, 459 smokers were compared to 918 non-smokers. There were no differences in matched characteristics. Compared to non-smokers, smokers had an increased rate of pneumonia (3.1% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.01) but not ARDS (0.2% vs. 0%, p = 0.16). Compared to the non-smoking group, the smokers had a longer median total hospital length-of-stay (3 vs. 2 days, p = 0.01) and no difference in overall mortality (1.5% vs. 2.4%, p = 0.29). CONCLUSION Smoking is associated with an increased rate of pneumonia in adolescent trauma patients. Future research should target smoking cessation and/or interventions to mitigate the deleterious effects of smoking in this population.
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16
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Che P, Wagener BM, Zhao X, Brandon AP, Evans CA, Cai GQ, Zhao R, Xu ZX, Han X, Pittet JF, Ding Q. Neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein regulates Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced lung vascular permeability through the modulation of actin cytoskeletal dynamics. FASEB J 2020; 34:3305-3317. [PMID: 31916311 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902915r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary edema associated with increased vascular permeability is a severe complication of Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury. The mechanisms underlying P aeruginosa-induced vascular permeability are not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of neuronal Wiskott Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) in modulating P aeruginosa-induced vascular permeability. Using lung microvascular endothelial and alveolar epithelial cells, we demonstrated that N-WASP downregulation attenuated P aeruginosa-induced actin stress fiber formation and prevented paracellular permeability. P aeruginosa-induced dissociation between VE-cadherin and β-catenin, but increased association between N-WASP and VE-cadherin, suggesting a role for N-WASP in promoting P aeruginosa-induced adherens junction rupture. P aeruginosa increased N-WASP-Y256 phosphorylation, which required the activation of Rho GTPase and focal adhesion kinase. Increased N-WASP-Y256 phosphorylation promotes N-WASP and integrin αVβ6 association as well as TGF-β-mediated permeability across alveolar epithelial cells. Inhibition of N-WASP-Y256 phosphorylation by N-WASP-Y256F overexpression blocked N-WASP effects in P aeruginosa-induced actin stress fiber formation and increased paracellular permeability. In vivo, N-WASP knockdown attenuated the development of pulmonary edema and improved survival in a mouse model of P aeruginosa pneumonia. Together, our data demonstrate that N-WASP plays an essential role in P aeruginosa-induced vascular permeability and pulmonary edema through the modulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulin Che
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Brant M Wagener
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Divisions of Critical Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xueke Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Angela P Brandon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Cilina A Evans
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Guo-Qiang Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xiaosi Han
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Pittet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Divisions of Critical Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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17
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Chambers ED, White A, Vang A, Wang Z, Ayala A, Weng T, Blackburn M, Choudhary G, Rounds S, Lu Q. Blockade of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1/2 protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. FASEB J 2020; 34:1516-1531. [PMID: 31914698 PMCID: PMC7045807 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902286r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are increasingly multidrug resistant and cause healthcare-associated pneumonia, a major risk factor for acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Adenosine is a signaling nucleoside with potential opposing effects; adenosine can either protect against acute lung injury via adenosine receptors or cause lung injury via adenosine receptors or equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT)-dependent intracellular adenosine uptake. We hypothesized that blockade of intracellular adenosine uptake by inhibition of ENT1/2 would increase adenosine receptor signaling and protect against P. aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury. We observed that P. aeruginosa (strain: PA103) infection induced acute lung injury in C57BL/6 mice in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Using ENT1/2 pharmacological inhibitor, nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBTI), and ENT1-null mice, we demonstrated that ENT blockade elevated lung adenosine levels and significantly attenuated P. aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury, as assessed by lung wet-to-dry weight ratio, BAL protein levels, BAL inflammatory cell counts, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and pulmonary function (total lung volume, static lung compliance, tissue damping, and tissue elastance). Using both agonists and antagonists directed against adenosine receptors A2AR and A2BR, we further demonstrated that ENT1/2 blockade protected against P. aeruginosa -induced acute lung injury via activation of A2AR and A2BR. Additionally, ENT1/2 chemical inhibition and ENT1 knockout prevented P. aeruginosa-induced lung NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Finally, inhibition of inflammasome prevented P. aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury. Our results suggest that targeting ENT1/2 and NLRP3 inflammasome may be novel strategies for prevention and treatment of P. aeruginosa-induced pneumonia and subsequent ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eboni D. Chambers
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908
| | - Alexis White
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908
| | - Alexander Vang
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908
| | - Zhengke Wang
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908
| | - Alfred Ayala
- Division of Surgical Research, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908
| | - Tingting Weng
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Michael Blackburn
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Gaurav Choudhary
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908
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18
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Pulmonary Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in Emphysema and Acute Lung Injury. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY EMBRYOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY 2019; 228:63-86. [PMID: 29288386 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68483-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis plays an essential role in homeostasis and pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases. Endothelial cells are exposed to various environmental and internal stress and endothelial apoptosis is a pathophysiological consequence of these stimuli. Pulmonary endothelial cell apoptosis initiates or contributes to progression of a number of lung diseases. This chapter will focus on the current understanding of the role of pulmonary endothelial cell apoptosis in the development of emphysema and acute lung injury (ALI) and the factors controlling pulmonary endothelial life and death.
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19
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Chichger H, Rounds S, Harrington EO. Endosomes and Autophagy: Regulators of Pulmonary Endothelial Cell Homeostasis in Health and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:994-1008. [PMID: 31190562 PMCID: PMC6765061 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Alterations in oxidant/antioxidant balance injure pulmonary endothelial cells and are important in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, such as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), ischemia/reperfusion injury, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and emphysema. Recent Advances: The endosomal and autophagic pathways regulate cell homeostasis. Both pathways support recycling or degradation of macromolecules or organelles, targeted to endosomes or lysosomes, respectively. Thus, both processes promote cell survival. However, with environmental stress or injury, imbalance in endosomal and autophagic pathways may enhance macromolecular or organelle degradation, diminish biosynthetic processes, and cause cell death. Critical Issues: While the role of autophagy in cellular homeostasis in pulmonary disease has been investigated, the role of the endosome in the lung vasculature is less known. Furthermore, autophagy can either decrease or exacerbate endothelial injury, depending upon inciting insult and disease process. Future Directions: Diseases affecting the pulmonary endothelium, such as emphysema, ARDS, and PAH, are linked to altered endosomal or autophagic processing, leading to enhanced degradation of macromolecules and potential cell death. Efforts to target this imbalance have yielded limited success as treatments for lung injuries, which may be due to the complexity of both processes. It is possible that endosomal trafficking proteins, such as Rab GTPases and late endosomal/lysosomal adaptor, MAPK and MTOR activator 1, may be novel therapeutic targets. While endocytosis or autophagy have been linked to improved function of the pulmonary endothelium in vitro and in vivo, further studies are needed to identify targets for modulating cellular homeostasis in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Havovi Chichger
- Biomedical Research Group, Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Elizabeth O. Harrington
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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20
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Tang C, Pan J, Li H, He B, Hong L, Teng X, Li D. Cyclosporin A protects trophoblasts from H 2O 2-induced oxidative injury via FAK-Src pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:423-429. [PMID: 31445706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with functional disorder of trophoblast cells. Our previous studies have demonstrated that cyclosporin A (CsA) promotes the activity of normal human trophoblast cells. We further investigated the role and mechanism of CsA on oxidative stress in trophoblast cells. JEG-3 cells were co-cultured with H2O2 and CsA. Cell viability and morphology were measured by MTT assay and inverted microscope. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Cell mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined by flow cytometric analysis. Malondialdehyde (MDA) production, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were examined using colorimetric assays. The expression and phosphorylation of FAK and Src kinase proteins were examined by western blotting. CsA increased JEG-3 cell viability and reduced the morphologic injury induced by H2O2 treatment. CsA decreased ROS and MDA production, increased SOD and CAT activities, and restored the MMP of H2O2 treated JEG-3 cells. CsA administration suppressed H2O2-induced reduction of FAK and Src phosphorylation. Blocking the activation of FAK or Src attenuated the protective effect of CsA on JEG-3 cells in H2O2-induced oxidative injury. CsA protects JEG-3 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative injury, and the FAK/Src signaling pathway plays an important role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChuanLing Tang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China.
| | - JiaPing Pan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Bin He
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - XiaoMing Teng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - DaJin Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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21
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Chen S, Wang Y, Zhang H, Chen R, Lv F, Li Z, Jiang T, Lin D, Zhang H, Yang L, Kong X. The Antioxidant MitoQ Protects Against CSE-Induced Endothelial Barrier Injury and Inflammation by Inhibiting ROS and Autophagy in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1440-1451. [PMID: 31337974 PMCID: PMC6643142 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.30193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Pulmonary vascular endothelial barrier injury and inflammation are increasingly considered to be important pathophysiological processes in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced COPD, but the mechanism remains unclear. To identify the cellular mechanism of endothelial barrier injury and inflammation in CSE-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we investigated the effect of the mitochondrion-targeting antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ) on endothelial barrier injury and inflammation. We demonstrated that MitoQ restored endothelial barrier integrity by preventing VE-cadherin disassembly and actin cytoskeleton remodeling, as well as decreased inflammation by the NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways in endothelial cells. In addition, MitoQ also maintained mitochondrial function by reducing the production of ROS and excess autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA protected against cytotoxicity that was induced by CSE in HUVECs. Overall, our study indicated that mitochondrial damage is a key promoter in the induction of endothelial barrier dysfunction and inflammation by CSE. The protective effect of MitoQ is related to the inhibition of ROS and excess autophagy in CSE-induced HUVEC injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Children's Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China
| | - Ran Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Fangfang Lv
- Department of Children's Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China
| | - Zhengmao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Ting Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Daopeng Lin
- Department of Children's Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Kong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
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22
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Haybar H, Shahrabi S, Rezaeeyan H, Shirzad R, Saki N. Endothelial Cells: From Dysfunction Mechanism to Pharmacological Effect in Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 19:13-22. [PMID: 30506414 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are the innermost layer of blood vessels that play important roles in homeostasis and vascular function. However, recent evidence suggests that the onset of inflammation and the production of reactive oxygen species impair the function of ECs and are a main factor in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, we investigated the effects of inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and treatment on ECs in CVD patients. This review article is based on the material obtained from PubMed up to 2018. The key search terms used were "Cardiovascular Disease," "Endothelial Cell Dysfunction," "Inflammation," "Treatment," and "Oxidative Stress." The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as reduced nitric oxide (NO) production by ECs impairs the function of blood vessels. Therefore, treatment of CVD patients leads to the expression of transcription factors activating anti-oxidant mechanisms and NO production. In contrast, NO production by inflammatory agents can cause ECs repair due to differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Therefore, identifying the molecular pathways leading to the differentiation of EPCs through mediation of factors induced by inflammatory factors can be effective in regenerative medicine for ECs repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Haybar
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeid Shahrabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hadi Rezaeeyan
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Shirzad
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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23
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Sahin E, Dabagoglu Psav S, Avan I, Candan M, Sahinturk V, Koparal AT. Vulpinic acid, a lichen metabolite, emerges as a potential drug candidate in the therapy of oxidative stress–related diseases, such as atherosclerosis. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:675-684. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327119833745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vulpinic acid, a lichen compound, has been shown to have many beneficial effects and its medicinal value increases day by day. As in atherosclerosis, endothelial damage is the basis of many diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of vulpinic acid against oxidative stress damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in endothelial cells. In order to find the IC50 of H2O2 and the protective dose of vulpinic acid, methyl thiazolyldiphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were performed. The amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by H2O2 and the protective effects of vulpinic acid against ROS were examined by fluorometric DCF-DA kit. The effects of H2O2 and vulpinic acid on actin filaments were determined by tetramethyl rhodamine (TRITC)-phalloidin fluorescence staining. Expression of Tie2 proteins was immunocytochemically analyzed in H2O2- and vulpinic acid-treated cells. After 24 h, the IC50 was found to be 215 μM in HUVECs treated with H2O2. The most effective dose of vulpinic acid against H2O2-associated damage was found to be 15 μM. Vulpinic acid pretreatment was shown to reduce H2O2-induced ROS production significantly ( p < 0.05). It was shown that 215 μM of H2O2 caused actin fragmentation, cell shrinkage, and decrease in actin florescence intensity while vulpinic acid protected the cells from these damages. It was found that Tie2 immunoreactivity was decreased in H2O2-treated groups and vulpinic acid pretreatment reduced the expression of this protein. In conclusion, vulpinic acid decreases H2O2-induced oxidative stress and oxidative stress–related damages in HUVECs. It may be drug candidate in the therapy of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sahin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - S Dabagoglu Psav
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - I Avan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - M Candan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - V Sahinturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - AT Koparal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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24
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Lugg ST, Alridge KA, Howells PA, Parekh D, Scott A, Mahida RY, Park D, Tucker O, Gao F, Perkins GD, Thickett DR, Dancer RCA. Dysregulated alveolar function and complications in smokers following oesophagectomy. ERJ Open Res 2019; 5:00089-2018. [PMID: 30847351 PMCID: PMC6397916 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00089-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has a significant impact on post-operative morbidity and mortality following oesophagectomy. Smoking is a risk factor for the development of ARDS, although the mechanism is unclear. We examined the effect of smoking on alveolar and systemic inflammation, in addition to alveolar–capillary permeability, leading to ARDS in patients undergoing oesophagectomy. We compared clinical, biomarker and PiCCO system data between current smokers (n=14) and ex-smokers (n=36) enrolled into a translational substudy of the BALTI-P (Beta Agonist Lung Injury Trial Prevention) trial. Current smokers compared with ex-smokers had significantly higher numbers of circulating neutrophils, elevated bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor-1 and pre-operative plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and lower BAL vascular endothelial growth factor and post-operative plasma IL-17 (p<0.05). On post-operative day 1, current smokers had higher extravascular lung water index (9.80 versus 7.90; p=0.026) and pulmonary vascular permeability index (2.09 versus 1.70; p=0.013). Current smokers were more likely to develop ARDS (57% versus 25%; p=0.031) and had a significantly reduced post-operative median survival (421 versus 771 days; p=0.023). Smoking prior to oesophagectomy is associated with dysregulated inflammation, with higher concentrations of inflammatory mediators and lower concentrations of protective mediators. This translates into a higher post-operative inflammatory alveolar oedema, greater risk of ARDS and poorer long-term survival. Patients who smoke at the time of oesophagectomy have dysregulated immune function, greater post-operative alveolar oedema, higher incidence of ARDS and poorer long-term survivalhttp://ow.ly/EsEh30nbO0R
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian T Lugg
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,These two authors are joint first authors
| | - Kerrie A Alridge
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,These two authors are joint first authors
| | - Phillip A Howells
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Dhruv Parekh
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Aaron Scott
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rahul Y Mahida
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel Park
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Olga Tucker
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fang Gao
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - David R Thickett
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,These two authors are joint final authors
| | - Rachel C A Dancer
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,These two authors are joint final authors
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25
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Benedikter BJ, Bouwman FG, Heinzmann ACA, Vajen T, Mariman EC, Wouters EFM, Savelkoul PHM, Koenen RR, Rohde GGU, van Oerle R, Spronk HM, Stassen FRM. Proteomic analysis reveals procoagulant properties of cigarette smoke-induced extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1585163. [PMID: 30863515 PMCID: PMC6407597 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1585163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) under basal conditions and when exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Getting insights into the composition of these EVs will help unravel their functions in homeostasis and smoking-induced pathology. Here, we characterized the proteomic composition of basal and CSE-induced airway epithelial EVs. BEAS-2B cells were left unexposed or exposed to 1% CSE for 24 h, followed by EV isolation using ultrafiltration and size exclusion chromatography. Isolated EVs were labelled with tandem mass tags and their proteomic composition was determined using nano-LC-MS/MS. Tissue factor (TF) activity was determined by a factor Xa generation assay, phosphatidylserine (PS) content by prothrombinase assay and thrombin generation using calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT). Nano-LC-MS/MS identified 585 EV-associated proteins with high confidence. Of these, 201 were differentially expressed in the CSE-EVs according to the moderated t-test, followed by false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment with the FDR threshold set to 0.1. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that 24 proteins of the pathway haemostasis were significantly up-regulated in CSE-EVs, including TF. Increased TF expression on CSE-EVs was confirmed by bead-based flow cytometry and was associated with increased TF activity. CSE-EVs caused faster and more thrombin generation in normal human plasma than control-EVs, which was partly TF-, but also PS-dependent. In conclusion, proteomic analysis allowed us to predict procoagulant properties of CSE-EVs which were confirmed in vitro. Cigarette smoke-induced EVs may contribute to the increased cardiovascular and respiratory risk observed in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birke J Benedikter
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Freek G Bouwman
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra C A Heinzmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Vajen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin C Mariman
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H M Savelkoul
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gernot G U Rohde
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Medical clinic I, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Rene van Oerle
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Henri M Spronk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank R M Stassen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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26
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Rounds S, Lu Q. Cigarette smoke alters lung vascular permeability and endothelial barrier function (2017 Grover Conference Series). Pulm Circ 2018; 8:2045894018794000. [PMID: 30036149 PMCID: PMC6153538 DOI: 10.1177/2045894018794000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking of tobacco products continues to be widespread, despite recent progress
in decreasing use. Both in the United States and worldwide, cigarette smoking is
a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Growing evidence indicates that acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is among the consequences of cigarette
smoking. Based on the topic from the 2017 Grover Conference, we review evidence
that cigarette smoking increases lung vascular permeability using both acute and
longer exposures of mice to cigarette smoke (CS). We also review studies
indicating that CS extract disrupts cultured lung endothelial cell barrier
function through effects on focal adhesion contacts, adherens junctions, actin
cytoskeleton, and microtubules. Among the potentially injurious components of
CS, the reactive aldehyde, acrolein, similarly increases lung vascular
permeability and disrupts barrier function. We speculate that inhibition of
aldehyde-induced lung vascular permeability may prevent CS-induced lung
injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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27
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Kovacs L, Kovacs-Kasa A, Verin AD, Fulton D, Lucas R, Su Y. Histone deacetylases in vascular permeability and remodeling associated with acute lung injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 2. [PMID: 32099966 DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2018.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe progressive disorder that arises from a wide range of causes such as toxins or inflammation, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. There are no effective therapeutic options apart from mechanical ventilation strategies. While the mechanisms that govern the clinically relevant process of increased EC permeability and remodeling associated with ALI are under intense investigation, our knowledge of the processes that determine barrier enhancement or preservation are far from completion. Recently, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as a major regulator of enduring changes in cell behavior and the therapeutic potential of inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDACs) for the treatment of cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases has gained remarkable attention. Although HDACs have been shown to play an important role in regulating EC barrier function, the involved HDAC subtypes and mechanisms remain undefined. Further investigation of the HDAC signaling may provide therapeutic approaches for the prevention and treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Kovacs
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | | | - Alexander D Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - David Fulton
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912.,Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912.,Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912.,Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912.,Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia 30912
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28
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Gotts JE, Abbott J, Fang X, Yanagisawa H, Takasaka N, Nishimura SL, Calfee CS, Matthay MA. Cigarette Smoke Exposure Worsens Endotoxin-Induced Lung Injury and Pulmonary Edema in Mice. Nicotine Tob Res 2018; 19:1033-1039. [PMID: 28340238 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Cigarette smoking (CS) remains a major public health concern and has recently been associated with an increased risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) experiments in human volunteers have demonstrated that active smokers develop increased alveolar-epithelial barrier permeability to protein after inhaling lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here we tested the hypothesis that short-term whole-body CS exposure would increase LPS-induced lung edema in mice. Methods Adult mice were exposed in a Teague TE-10 machine to CS from 3R4F cigarettes at 100 mg/m3 total suspended particulates for 12 days, then given LPS or saline intratracheally. Control mice were housed in the same room without CS exposure. Post-mortem measurements included gravimetric lung water and BAL protein, cell counts, and lung histology. Cytokines were measured in lung homogenate by ELISA and in plasma by Luminex and ELISA. Results In CS-exposed mice, intratracheal LPS caused greater increases in pulmonary edema by gravimetric measurement and histologic scoring. CS-exposed mice also had an increase in BAL neutrophilia, lung IL-6, and plasma CXCL9, a T-cell chemoattractant. Intratracheal LPS concentrated blood hemoglobin to a greater degree in CS-exposed mice, consistent with an increase in systemic vascular permeability. Conclusions These results demonstrate that CS exposure in endotoxin injured mice increases the severity of acute lung injury. The increased lung IL-6 in CS-exposed LPS-injured mice indicates that this potent cytokine, previously shown to predict mortality in patients with ARDS, may play a role in exacerbating lung injury in smokers and may have utility as a biomarker of tobacco-related lung injury. Implications Our results suggest that short-term CS exposure at levels that cause no overt lung injury may still prime the lung for acute inflammatory damage from a "second hit", a finding that mirrors the increased risk of developing ARDS in patients who smoke. This model may be useful for evaluating the acute pulmonary toxicity of existing and/or novel tobacco products and identifying biomarkers of tobacco-related lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Gotts
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jason Abbott
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Xiaohui Fang
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Haru Yanagisawa
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Naoki Takasaka
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA
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29
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Gotts JE, Chun L, Abbott J, Fang X, Takasaka N, Nishimura SL, Springer ML, Schick SF, Calfee CS, Matthay MA. Cigarette smoke exposure worsens acute lung injury in antibiotic-treated bacterial pneumonia in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018. [PMID: 29543040 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00405.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) increases the risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia, which in turn is the leading cause of ARDS. Chronic smokers have increased rates of pneumococcal colonization and develop more severe pneumococcal pneumonia than nonsmokers; yet mechanistic connections between CS exposure, bacterial pneumonia, and ARDS pathogenesis remain relatively unexplored. We exposed mice to 3 wk of moderate whole body CS or air, followed by intranasal inoculation with an invasive serotype of S. pneumoniae. CS exposure alone caused no detectable lung injury or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) inflammation. During pneumococcal infection, CS-exposed mice had greater survival than air-exposed mice, in association with reduced systemic spread of bacteria from the lungs. However, when mice were treated with antibiotics after infection to improve clinical relevance, the survival benefit was lost, and CS-exposed mice had more pulmonary edema, increased numbers of BAL monocytes, and elevated monocyte and lymphocyte chemokines. CS-exposed antibiotic-treated mice also had higher serum surfactant protein D and angiopoietin-2, consistent with more severe lung epithelial and endothelial injury. The results indicate that acute CS exposure enhances the recruitment of immune cells to the lung during bacterial pneumonia, an effect that may provide microbiological benefit but simultaneously exposes the mice to more severe inflammatory lung injury. The inclusion of antibiotic treatment in preclinical studies of acute lung injury in bacterial pneumonia may enhance clinical relevance, particularly for future studies of current or emerging tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Gotts
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco, California
| | - Lauren Chun
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco, California
| | - Jason Abbott
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco, California
| | - Xiaohui Fang
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco, California
| | - Naoki Takasaka
- Department of Pathology, University of California , San Francisco, California
| | - Stephen L Nishimura
- Department of Pathology, University of California , San Francisco, California
| | - Matthew L Springer
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco, California
| | - Suzaynn F Schick
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco, California
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco, California
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco, California
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30
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Park GB, Kim D. Cigarette smoke-induced EGFR activation promotes epithelial mesenchymal migration of human retinal pigment epithelial cells through regulation of the FAK-mediated Syk/Src pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:3563-3574. [PMID: 29286114 PMCID: PMC5802154 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is inevitable change of age‑related macular degeneration (AMD). Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of EMT in several diseases, including lung cancer. Cigarette smoke‑induced stress promotes the production of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in RPE cells. However, the underlying signaling pathways induced by aberrant EGF receptor (EGFR) expression in cigarette smoke-exposed RPE cells remain largely unknown. In the present study, the morphological transformation and production of EMT-associated cytokines were investigated to analyze the effect of smoking on the retina. Furthermore, EGF‑treated or cigarette smoke‑exposed RPE cells, as well as the downstream targets of EGFR, were investigated to identify the key molecules involved in EMT of cigarette smoke‑stimulated RPE cells via immunoblotting. Exposure of RPE cells to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induced secretion of VEGF and TGF‑β1, and increased the expression of EMT markers. CSE‑mediated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation resulted in the phosphorylation and activation of spleen associated tyrosine kinase (Syk)/Src proto‑oncogene, non‑receptor tyrosine kinase (Src), leading to migration and invasion of RPE cells. Knockdown of FAK or pharmacological inhibition of Syk/Src abrogated CSE‑mediated VEGF and TGF‑β1 production and blocked the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in CSE‑stimulated RPE cells. Erlotinib (an EGFR inhibitor) suppressed EGF and CSE‑mediated switch from an epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype. Baicalein, an inhi-bitor of 12/15‑lipooxygenase, also efficiently suppressed CSE‑induced EMT processes by inhibiting EGFR‑associated downstream signaling transduction. The results identified a novel signaling pathway mediated by EGFR in CSE‑activated RPE cells, and suggest baicalein as a potential new therapeutic drug for CSE‑associated retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Bin Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
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31
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Lu Q, Gottlieb E, Rounds S. Effects of cigarette smoke on pulmonary endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 314:L743-L756. [PMID: 29351435 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00373.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. Cardiovascular comorbidities associated with both active and secondhand cigarette smoking indicate the vascular toxicity of smoke exposure. Growing evidence supports the injurious effect of cigarette smoke on pulmonary endothelial cells and the roles of endothelial cell injury in development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), emphysema, and pulmonary hypertension. This review summarizes results from studies of humans, preclinical animal models, and cultured endothelial cells that document toxicities of cigarette smoke exposure on pulmonary endothelial cell functions, including barrier dysfunction, endothelial activation and inflammation, apoptosis, and vasoactive mediator production. The discussion is focused on effects of cigarette smoke-induced endothelial injury in the development of ARDS, emphysema, and vascular remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Eric Gottlieb
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island
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32
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Lu Q, Mundy M, Chambers E, Lange T, Newton J, Borgas D, Yao H, Choudhary G, Basak R, Oldham M, Rounds S. Alda-1 Protects Against Acrolein-Induced Acute Lung Injury and Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:662-673. [PMID: 28763253 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0342oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of acrolein, a highly reactive aldehyde, causes lung edema. The underlying mechanism is poorly understood and there is no effective treatment. In this study, we demonstrated that acrolein not only dose-dependently induced lung edema but also promoted LPS-induced acute lung injury. Importantly, acrolein-induced lung injury was prevented and rescued by Alda-1, an activator of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2. Acrolein also dose-dependently increased monolayer permeability, disrupted adherens junctions and focal adhesion complexes, and caused intercellular gap formation in primary cultured lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMVECs). These effects were attenuated by Alda-1 and the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, but not by the NADPH inhibitor apocynin. Furthermore, acrolein inhibited AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels in LMVECs-effects that were associated with impaired mitochondrial respiration. AMPK total protein levels were also reduced in lung tissue of mice and LMVECs exposed to acrolein. Activation of AMPK with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-4-ribofuranoside blunted an acrolein-induced increase in endothelial monolayer permeability, but not mitochondrial oxidative stress or inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. Our results suggest that acrolein-induced mitochondrial dysfunction may not contribute to endothelial barrier dysfunction. We speculate that detoxification of acrolein by Alda-1 and activation of AMPK may be novel approaches to prevent and treat acrolein-associated acute lung injury, which may occur after smoke inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Miles Mundy
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Eboni Chambers
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Thilo Lange
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Julie Newton
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Diana Borgas
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Gaurav Choudhary
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Rajshekhar Basak
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Mahogany Oldham
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Borgas D, Chambers E, Newton J, Ko J, Rivera S, Rounds S, Lu Q. Cigarette Smoke Disrupted Lung Endothelial Barrier Integrity and Increased Susceptibility to Acute Lung Injury via Histone Deacetylase 6. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:683-96. [PMID: 26452072 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0149oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic evidence indicates that cigarette smoke (CS) is associated with the development of acute lung injury (ALI). We have previously shown that brief CS exposure exacerbates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in vivo and endothelial barrier dysfunction in vitro. In this study, we found that CS also exacerbated Pseudomonas-induced ALI in mice. We demonstrated that lung microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from mice exposed to CS had a greater permeability or incomplete recovery after challenges by LPS and thrombin. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 deacetylates proteins essential for maintenance of endothelial barrier function. We found that HDAC6 phosphorylation at serine-22 was increased in lung tissues of mice exposed to CS and in lung ECs exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Inhibition of HDAC6 attenuated CSE-induced increases in EC permeability and CS priming of ALI. Similar barrier protection was provided by the microtubule stabilizer taxol, which preserved α-tubulin acetylation. CSE decreased α-tubulin acetylation and caused microtubule depolymerization. In coordination with increased HDAC6 phosphorylation, CSE inhibited Akt and activated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β; these effects were ameliorated by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine. Our results suggest that CS increases lung EC permeability, thereby enhancing susceptibility to ALI, likely through oxidative stress-induced Akt inactivation and subsequent GSK-3β activation. Activated GSK-3β may activate HDAC6 via phosphorylation of serine-22, leading to α-tubulin deacetylation and microtubule disassembly. Inhibition of HDAC6 may be a novel therapeutic option for ALI in cigarette smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Borgas
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Eboni Chambers
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Julie Newton
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Junsuk Ko
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Stephanie Rivera
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Wang T, Shimizu Y, Wu X, Kelly GT, Xu X, Wang L, Qian Z, Chen Y, Garcia JGN. Particulate matter disrupts human lung endothelial cell barrier integrity via Rho-dependent pathways. Pulm Circ 2017. [PMID: 28644070 PMCID: PMC5841899 DOI: 10.1086/689906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiopulmonary diseases and cancer. We and others have shown that PM induces lung microvascular barrier dysfunction which potentially enhances the systemic toxicity of PM. However, the mechanisms by which PM disrupts vascular endothelial integrity remain incompletely explored. We hypothesize that PM induces endothelial cell (EC) cytoskeleton rearrangement via Rho GTPase-dependent pathways to facilitate vascular hyperpermeability. Fine PM induced time-dependent activation of cytoskeletal machinery with increases in myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation and EC barrier disruption measured by transendothelial electrical resistance (TER), events attenuated by the Rho-dependent kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 or the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Both Y-27632 and NAC prevented PM-induced stress fiber formation and phospho-MLC accumulation in human lung ECs. PM promotes rapid accumulation of Rho-GTP. This event is attenuated by NAC or knockdown of RhoA (siRNA). Consistent with ROCK activation, PM induced phosphorylation of myosin light chain phosphatase (MYPT) at Thr850, a post-translational modification known to inhibit phosphatase activity. Furthermore, PM activates the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho, p115, with p115 translocation to the cell periphery, in a ROS-dependent manner. Together these results demonstrate that fine PM induces EC cytoskeleton rearrangement via Rho-dependent pathways that are dependent upon the generation of oxidative stress. As the disruption of vascular integrity further contributes to cardiopulmonary physiologic derangements, these findings provide pharmacologic targets for prevention of PM-induced cardiopulmonary toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yuka Shimizu
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gabriel T Kelly
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lichun Wang
- 2 Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhongqing Qian
- 3 Key Laboratory of Anhui Province for Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yin Chen
- 4 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies have indicated that smoking is a pivotal risk factor for the progression of several chronic diseases. Nicotine, the addictive component of cigarettes, has powerful pathophysiological properties in the body. Although the effects of cigarette smoking on corneal re-epithelialization have been studied, the effects of nicotine on corneal wound healing-related neovascularization and fibrosis have not been fully demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic administration of nicotine on corneal wound healing following acute insult induced by an alkali burn. BALB/C female mice randomly received either vehicle (2% saccharin) or nicotine (100 or 200 μg/ml in 2% saccharin) in drinking water ad libitum. After 1 week, animals were re-randomized and the experimental group was subjected to a corneal alkali burn, and then nicotine was administered until day 14 after the alkali burn. A corneal alkali burn model was generated by placing a piece of 2 mm-diameter filter paper soaked in 1N NaOH on the right eye. Histopathological analysis and the expression level of the pro-angiogenic genes vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) revealed that chronic nicotine administration enhanced alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of the pro-fibrogenic factors α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and collagen α1 (Col1) was enhanced in the high-concentration nicotine-treated group compared with the vehicle group after corneal injury. Immunohistochemical analysis also showed that the αSMA-positive area was increased in chronic nicotine-treated mice after corneal alkali burn. An in vitro assay found that expression of the α3, α7, and β1 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits was significantly increased by chemical injury in human corneal fibroblast cells. Moreover, alkali-induced fibrogenic gene expression and proliferation of fibroblast cells were further increased by treatment with nicotine and cotinine. The proliferation of such cells induced by treatment of nicotine and cotinine was reduced by inhibition of the PI3K and PKC pathways using specific inhibitors. In conclusion, chronic administration of nicotine accelerated the angiogenic and fibrogenic healing processes in alkali-burned corneal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Won Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Woong Lim
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Vang A, Clements RT, Chichger H, Kue N, Allawzi A, O'Connell K, Jeong EM, Dudley SC, Sakhatskyy P, Lu Q, Zhang P, Rounds S, Choudhary G. Effect of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation on cardiac fibroblasts: a mechanism underlying RV fibrosis associated with cigarette smoke exposure. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 312:L748-L759. [PMID: 28258105 PMCID: PMC5451597 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00393.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is associated with numerous smoking-related illnesses, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), in which it is present even in the absence of pulmonary hypertension. It is unknown whether exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) has direct effects on RV function and cardiac fibroblast (CF) proliferation or collagen synthesis. In this study, we evaluated cardiac function and fibrosis in mice exposed to CS and determined mechanisms of smoke-induced changes in CF signaling and fibrosis. AKR mice were exposed to CS for 6 wk followed by echocardiography and evaluation of cardiac hypertrophy, collagen content, and pulmonary muscularization. Proliferation and collagen content were evaluated in primary isolated rat CFs exposed to CS extract (CSE) or nicotine. Markers of cell proliferation, fibrosis, and proliferative signaling were determined by immunoblot or Sircol collagen assay. Mice exposed to CS had significantly decreased RV function, as determined by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion. There were no changes in left ventricular parameters. RV collagen content was significantly elevated, but there was no change in RV hypertrophy or pulmonary vascular muscularization. CSE directly increased CF proliferation and collagen content in CF. Nicotine alone reproduced these effects. CSE and nicotine-induced fibroblast proliferation and collagen content were mediated through α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and were dependent on PKC-α, PKC-δ, and reduced p38-MAPK phosphorylation. CS and nicotine have direct effects on CFs to induce proliferation and fibrosis, which may negatively affect right heart function.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Heart Ventricles/drug effects
- Heart Ventricles/pathology
- Heart Ventricles/physiopathology
- Hemodynamics/drug effects
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/complications
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/diagnostic imaging
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/physiopathology
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- Male
- Mice, Inbred AKR
- Myocardium/pathology
- Nicotine/pharmacology
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Protein Kinase C-alpha/metabolism
- Protein Kinase C-delta/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Smoking/adverse effects
- Vascular Remodeling/drug effects
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/complications
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/diagnostic imaging
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/pathology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/physiopathology
- alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/metabolism
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Vang
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Richard T Clements
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; and
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Havovi Chichger
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Nouaying Kue
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Ayed Allawzi
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Kelly O'Connell
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Euy-Myoung Jeong
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Samuel C Dudley
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Pavlo Sakhatskyy
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Gaurav Choudhary
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island;
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Sakhatskyy P, Wang Z, Borgas D, Lomas-Neira J, Chen Y, Ayala A, Rounds S, Lu Q. Double-hit mouse model of cigarette smoke priming for acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 312:L56-L67. [PMID: 27864287 PMCID: PMC5283923 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00436.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that cigarette smoking (CS) increases the risk and severity of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The mechanism is not understood, at least in part because of lack of animal models that reproduce the key features of the CS priming process. In this study, using two strains of mice, we characterized a double-hit mouse model of ALI induced by CS priming of injury caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). C57BL/6 and AKR mice were preexposed to CS briefly (3 h) or subacutely (3 wk) before intratracheal instillation of LPS and ALI was assessed 18 h after LPS administration by measuring lung static compliance, lung edema, vascular permeability, inflammation, and alveolar apoptosis. We found that as little as 3 h of exposure to CS enhanced LPS-induced ALI in both strains of mice. Similar exacerbating effects were observed after 3 wk of preexposure to CS. However, there was a strain difference in susceptibility to CS priming for ALI, with a greater effect in AKR mice. The key features we observed suggest that 3 wk of CS preexposure of AKR mice is a reproducible, clinically relevant animal model that is useful for studying mechanisms and treatment of CS priming for a second-hit-induced ALI. Our data also support the concept that increased susceptibility to ALI/ARDS is an important adverse health consequence of CS exposure that needs to be taken into consideration when treating critically ill individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Sakhatskyy
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Zhengke Wang
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Diana Borgas
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Joanne Lomas-Neira
- Division of Surgical Research, Rhode Island Hospital/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Yaping Chen
- Division of Surgical Research, Rhode Island Hospital/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Alfred Ayala
- Division of Surgical Research, Rhode Island Hospital/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
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Cui Y, Li H, Wu S, Zhao R, Du D, Ding Y, Nie H, Ji HL. Formaldehyde impairs transepithelial sodium transport. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35857. [PMID: 27762337 PMCID: PMC5071906 DOI: 10.1038/srep35857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Unsaturated oxidative formaldehyde is a noxious aldehyde in cigarette smoke that causes edematous acute lung injury. However, the mechanistic effects of formaldehyde on lung fluid transport are still poorly understood. We examined how formaldehyde regulates human epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) in H441 and expressed in Xenopus oocytes and exposed mice in vivo. Our results showed that formaldehyde reduced mouse transalveolar fluid clearance in vivo. Formaldehyde caused a dose-dependent inhibition of amiloride-sensitive short-circuit Na+ currents in H441 monolayers and of αβγ-ENaC channel activity in oocytes. α-ENaC protein was reduced, whereas phosphorylation of the extracellular regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) increased significantly post exposure. Moreover, both α- and γ-ENaC transcripts were down-regulated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was elevated significantly by formaldehyde in addition to markedly augmented membrane permeability of oocytes. These data suggest that formaldehyde contributes to edematous acute lung injury by reducing transalveolar Na+ transport, through decreased ENaC activity and enhanced membrane depolarization, and by elevating ROS production over long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Huiming Li
- Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Sihui Wu
- Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Runzhen Zhao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Deyi Du
- Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongguang Nie
- Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong-Long Ji
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
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Ware LB, Zhao Z, Koyama T, May AK, Matthay MA, Lurmann FW, Balmes JR, Calfee CS. Long-Term Ozone Exposure Increases the Risk of Developing the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193:1143-50. [PMID: 26681363 PMCID: PMC4872663 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201507-1418oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The contribution of air pollution to the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is unknown. METHODS We studied 1,558 critically ill patients enrolled in a prospective observational study at a tertiary medical center who lived less than 50 km from an air quality monitor and had an ARDS risk factor. Pollutant exposures (ozone, NO2, SO2, particulate matter < 2.5 μm, particulate matter < 10 μm) were assessed by weighted average of daily levels from the closest monitors for the prior 3 years. Associations between pollutant exposure and ARDS risk were evaluated by logistic regression controlling for age, race, sex, smoking, alcohol, insurance status, rural versus urban residence, distance to study hospital, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The incidence of ARDS increased with increasing ozone exposure: 28% in the lowest exposure quartile versus 32, 40, and 42% in the second, third, and fourth quartiles (P < 0.001). In a logistic regression model controlling for potential confounders, ozone exposure was associated with risk of ARDS in the entire cohort (odds ratio, 1.58 [95% confidence interval, 1.27-1.96]) and more strongly associated in the subgroup with trauma as their ARDS risk factor (odds ratio, 2.26 [95% confidence interval, 1.46-3.50]). There was a strong interaction between ozone exposure and current smoking status (P = 0.007). NO2 exposure was also associated with ARDS but not independently of ozone exposure. SO2, particulate matter less than 2.5 μm, and particulate matter less than 10 μm were not associated with ARDS. CONCLUSIONS Long-term ozone exposure is associated with development of ARDS in at-risk critically ill patients, particularly in trauma patients and current smokers. Ozone exposure may represent a previously unrecognized environmental risk factor for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine B. Ware
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Addison K. May
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Michael A. Matthay
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Anesthesia and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - John R. Balmes
- Department of Medicine and
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Carolyn S. Calfee
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Anesthesia and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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40
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Khedoe PPSJ, Rensen PCN, Berbée JFP, Hiemstra PS. Murine models of cardiovascular comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L1011-27. [PMID: 26993520 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00013.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Currently, COPD patients with atherosclerosis (i.e., the most important underlying cause of CVD) receive COPD therapy complemented with standard CVD therapy. This may, however, not be the most optimal treatment. To investigate the link between COPD and atherosclerosis and to develop specific therapeutic strategies for COPD patients with atherosclerosis, a substantial number of preclinical studies using murine models have been performed. In this review, we summarize the currently used murine models of COPD and atherosclerosis, both individually and combined, and discuss the relevance of these models for studying the pathogenesis and development of new treatments for COPD patients with atherosclerosis. Murine and clinical studies have provided complementary information showing a prominent role for systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in the link between COPD and atherosclerosis. These and other studies showed that murine models for COPD and atherosclerosis are useful tools and can provide important insights relevant to understanding the link between COPD and CVD. More importantly, murine studies provide good platforms for studying the potential of promising (new) therapeutic strategies for COPD patients with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Padmini S J Khedoe
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F P Berbée
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
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Moazed F, Burnham EL, Vandivier RW, O'Kane CM, Shyamsundar M, Hamid U, Abbott J, Thickett DR, Matthay MA, McAuley DF, Calfee CS. Cigarette smokers have exaggerated alveolar barrier disruption in response to lipopolysaccharide inhalation. Thorax 2016; 71:1130-1136. [PMID: 26839359 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cigarette smoke exposure is associated with an increased risk of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess pathways of lung injury and inflammation in smokers and non-smokers with and without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation using established biomarkers. METHODS We measured plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) biomarkers of inflammation and lung injury in smokers and non-smokers in two distinct cohorts of healthy volunteers, one unstimulated (n=20) and one undergoing 50 μg LPS inhalation (n=30). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS After LPS inhalation, cigarette smokers had increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability as measured by BAL total protein, compared with non-smokers (median 274 vs 208 μg/mL, p=0.04). Smokers had exaggerated inflammation compared with non-smokers, with increased BAL interleukin-1β (p=0.002), neutrophils (p=0.02), plasma interleukin-8 (p=0.003), and plasma matrix metalloproteinase-8 (p=0.006). Alveolar epithelial injury after LPS was more severe in smokers than non-smokers, with increased plasma (p=0.04) and decreased BAL (p=0.02) surfactant protein D. Finally, smokers had decreased BAL vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (p<0.0001) with increased soluble VEGF receptor-1 (p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoke exposure may predispose to ARDS through an abnormal response to a 'second hit,' with increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability, exaggerated inflammation, increased epithelial injury and endothelial dysfunction. LPS inhalation may serve as a useful experimental model for evaluation of the acute pulmonary effects of existing and new tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Moazed
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ellen L Burnham
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Cecilia M O'Kane
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Murali Shyamsundar
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Umar Hamid
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jason Abbott
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David R Thickett
- Lung Injury and Fibrosis Treatment Programme, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel F McAuley
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between cigarette smoke exposure and the acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with the most common acute respiratory distress syndrome risk factors of sepsis, pneumonia, and aspiration has not been well studied. The goal of this study was to test the association between biomarker-confirmed cigarette smoking and acute respiratory distress syndrome in a diverse cohort. DESIGN Prospective cohort. SETTING Tertiary care center. PATIENTS Four hundred twenty-six critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome risk factors (excluding trauma and transfusion) INTERVENTIONS : None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We obtained smoking histories and measured urine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1- butanol (a biomarker of cigarette smoke exposure) on urine samples obtained at the time of study enrollment. The association between cigarette smoke exposure and acute respiratory distress syndrome differed based on acute respiratory distress syndrome risk factor (p < 0.02 for interaction). In patients with nonpulmonary sepsis as the primary acute respiratory distress syndrome risk factor (n = 212), 39% of those with acute respiratory distress syndrome were current smokers by history compared with 22% of those without acute respiratory distress syndrome (odds ratio, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.24-4.19; p = 0.008). Likewise, cigarette smoke exposure as measured by urine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol was significantly associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in this group. The increased risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in nonpulmonary sepsis was restricted to patients with 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol levels consistent with active smoking and was robust to adjustment for other acute respiratory distress syndrome predictors. Cigarette smoke exposure as measured by history or 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol was not associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with other risk factors (e.g., pneumonia and aspiration). CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking measured both by history and biomarker is associated with an increased risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with nonpulmonary sepsis. This finding has important implications for tobacco product regulation and for understanding the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Scruggs AK, Cioffi EA, Cioffi DL, King JAC, Bauer NN. Lectin-Based Characterization of Vascular Cell Microparticle Glycocalyx. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135533. [PMID: 26274589 PMCID: PMC4537305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles (MPs) are released constitutively and from activated cells. MPs play significant roles in vascular homeostasis, injury, and as biomarkers. The unique glycocalyx on the membrane of cells has frequently been exploited to identify specific cell types, however the glycocalyx of the MPs has yet to be defined. Thus, we sought to determine whether MPs, released both constitutively and during injury, from vascular cells have a glycocalyx matching those of the parental cell type to provide information on MP origin. For these studies we used rat pulmonary microvascular and artery endothelium, pulmonary smooth muscle, and aortic endothelial cells. MPs were collected from healthy or cigarette smoke injured cells and analyzed with a panel of lectins for specific glycocalyx linkages. Intriguingly, we determined that the MPs released either constitutively or stimulated by CSE injury did not express the same glycocalyx of the parent cells. Further, the glycocalyx was not unique to any of the specific cell types studied. These data suggest that MPs from both normal and healthy vascular cells do not share the parental cell glycocalyx makeup.
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Affiliation(s)
- April K. Scruggs
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Eugene A. Cioffi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Donna L. Cioffi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Judy A. C. King
- Department of Pathology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Natalie N. Bauer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
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Chichger H, Braza J, Duong H, Harrington EO. SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 and focal adhesion kinase protein interactions regulate pulmonary endothelium barrier function. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:695-707. [PMID: 25317600 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0489oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced protein tyrosine phosphorylation is associated with changes in vascular permeability through formation and dissolution of adherens junctions and regulation of stress fiber formation. Inhibition of the protein tyrosine phosphorylase SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) increases tyrosine phosphorylation of vascular endothelial cadherin and β-catenin, resulting in disruption of the endothelial monolayer and edema formation in the pulmonary endothelium. Vascular permeability is a hallmark of acute lung injury (ALI); thus, enhanced SHP2 activity offers potential therapeutic value for the pulmonary vasculature in diseases such as ALI, but this has not been characterized. To assess whether SHP2 activity mediates protection against edema in the endothelium, we assessed the effect of molecular activation of SHP2 on lung endothelial barrier function in response to the edemagenic agents LPS and thrombin. Both LPS and thrombin reduced SHP2 activity, correlated with decreased focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation (Y(397) and Y(925)) and diminished SHP2 protein-protein associations with FAK. Overexpression of constitutively active SHP2 (SHP2(D61A)) enhanced baseline endothelial monolayer resistance and completely blocked LPS- and thrombin-induced permeability in vitro and significantly blunted pulmonary edema formation induced by either endotoxin (LPS) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposure in vivo. Chemical inhibition of FAK decreased SHP2 protein-protein interactions with FAK concomitant with increased permeability; however, overexpression of SHP2(D61A) rescued the endothelium and maintained FAK activity and FAK-SHP2 protein interactions. Our data suggest that SHP2 activation offers the pulmonary endothelium protection against barrier permeability mediators downstream of the FAK signaling pathway. We postulate that further studies into the promotion of SHP2 activation in the pulmonary endothelium may offer a therapeutic approach for patients suffering from ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Havovi Chichger
- 1 Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and
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Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Over the past several decades, alcohol abuse and cigarette smoke exposure have been identified as risk factors for the development of ARDS. The mechanisms underlying these relationships are complex and remain under investigation but are thought to involve pulmonary immune impairment and alveolar epithelial and endothelial dysfunction. This review summarizes the epidemiologic data supporting links between these exposures and ARDS susceptibility and outcomes and highlights key mechanistic investigations that provide insight into the pathways by which each exposure is linked to ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Moazed
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M1097 Box 0111, San Francisco, CA 94143-0111, USA
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M1097 Box 0111, San Francisco, CA 94143-0111, USA.
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Sakallioğlu EE, Sakallioğlu U, Lütfioğlu M, Pamuk F, Kantarci A. Vascular endothelial cadherin and vascular endothelial growth factor in periodontitis and smoking. Oral Dis 2014; 21:263-9. [PMID: 24853861 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the vascularization in periodontal disease process via revealing: (i) vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) productions in periodontitis and (ii) the impact of smoking on this phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen smokers and 15 non-smokers with/without periodontitis were allocated by split-mouth randomization regarding their smoking and periodontal statuses. The teeth with periodontitis in smokers (group 1), without periodontitis in smokers (group 2), with periodontitis in non-smokers (group 3), and without periodontitis in non-smokers (group 4) constituted the study groups. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of VE-cadherin and VEGF were determined by ELISA to evaluate their profiles in the groups. RESULTS There were increased VE-cadherin levels in groups 1 and 3 compared with groups 2 and 4 (P < 0.05). Group 2 demonstrated higher VE-cadherin level than group 4 (P < 0.05). Increased VEGF was noted in groups 1 and 3 compared with groups 2 and 4 (P < 0.05) with similar levels between groups 1 and 3 and groups 2 and 4 (P > 0.05). There were no correlations between the VE-cadherin and VEGF levels in all groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The results suggest that VE-cadherin and VEGF may increase in periodontitis, and smoking may uniquely cause VE-cadherin production in GCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Sakallioğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Sakhatskyy P, Gabino Miranda GA, Newton J, Lee CG, Choudhary G, Vang A, Rounds S, Lu Q. Cigarette smoke-induced lung endothelial apoptosis and emphysema are associated with impairment of FAK and eIF2α. Microvasc Res 2014; 94:80-9. [PMID: 24853558 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of emphysema. However, the mechanism underlying cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung EC apoptosis and emphysema is not well defined. We have previously shown that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) decreased focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity via oxidative stress in cultured lung EC. In this study, we compared FAK activation in the lungs of highly susceptible AKR mice and mildly susceptible C57BL/6 mice after exposure to CS for three weeks. We found that three weeks of CS exposure caused mild emphysema and increased lung EC apoptosis in AKR mice (room air: 12.8±5.6%; CS: 30.7±3.7%), but not in C57BL/6 mice (room air: 0±0%; CS: 3.5±1.7%). Correlated with increased lung EC apoptosis and early onset of emphysema, FAK activity was reduced in the lungs of AKR mice, but not of C57BL/6 mice. Additionally, inhibition of FAK caused lung EC apoptosis, whereas over-expression of FAK prevented CSE-induced lung EC apoptosis. These results suggest that FAK inhibition may contribute to CS-induced lung EC apoptosis and emphysema. Unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy have been shown to be activated by CS exposure in lung epithelial cells. In this study, we noted that CSE activated UPR and autophagy in cultured lung EC, as indicated by enhanced eIF2α phosphorylation and elevated levels of GRP78 and LC3B-II. However, eIF2α phosphorylation was significantly reduced by three-weeks of CS exposure in the lungs of AKR mice, but not of C57BL/6 mice. Markers for autophagy activation were not significantly altered in the lungs of either AKR or C57BL/6 mice. These results suggest that CS-induced impairment of eIF2α signaling may increase the susceptibility to lung EC apoptosis and emphysema. Taken together, our data suggest that inhibition of eIF2α and FAK signaling may play an important role in CS-induced lung EC apoptosis and emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Sakhatskyy
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908, USA
| | - Gustavo Andres Gabino Miranda
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908, USA
| | - Julie Newton
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908, USA
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Gaurav Choudhary
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908, USA
| | - Alexander Vang
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908, USA
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02908, USA.
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Kondo A, Yanagawa Y, Omori K, Ohsaka H, Ishikawa K, Oode Y, Nomura T, Sugita M, Okamoto K. Importance of smoking and the occurrence of acute poisoning due to waterproof spray. Acute Med Surg 2014; 1:191-194. [PMID: 29930847 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A search of the database Ichushi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana), which collects summaries of Japanese medical articles, was undertaken to identify articles published between 1983 and 2013, using the key word "waterproof". There was one original article and 19 case reports describing acute poisoning due to inhalation of waterproof spray gas, and providing information about the patient's smoking habit. Twenty-three of the 25 cases (92% of male patients, 71% of female patients) had a smoking habit. The one female case who did not have a smoking habit was in an environment exposed to secondhand smoke, because her husband had smoking habit. All cases had respiratory symptoms, and 24 cases had lung edema confirmed by computed tomography. There were no fatal cases among these patients. The one original article reported that 93% of males and 49% of females among a total of 104 cases with acute poisoning due to inhalation of waterproof spray gas had a smoking habit. Accordingly, people with a smoking habit tend to be vulnerable to exposure to waterproof spray gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Kondo
- Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine Shizuoka Hospital Juntendo University Izunokuni Japan
| | - Youichi Yanagawa
- Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine Shizuoka Hospital Juntendo University Izunokuni Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Omori
- Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine Shizuoka Hospital Juntendo University Izunokuni Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ohsaka
- Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine Shizuoka Hospital Juntendo University Izunokuni Japan
| | - Kouhei Ishikawa
- Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine Shizuoka Hospital Juntendo University Izunokuni Japan
| | - Yasumasa Oode
- Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine Shizuoka Hospital Juntendo University Izunokuni Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nomura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Nerima Hospital Juntendo University Tokyo Japan
| | - Manabu Sugita
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Nerima Hospital Juntendo University Tokyo Japan
| | - Ken Okamoto
- Department of Acute Critical Care Medicine Shizuoka Hospital Juntendo University Izunokuni Japan
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Duluc L, Wojciak-Stothard B. Rho GTPases in the regulation of pulmonary vascular barrier function. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 355:675-85. [PMID: 24599334 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1805-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary endothelial permeability is an important determinant of vascular adaptation to changes in oxygen tension, blood pressure, levels of growth factors or inflammatory cytokines. The Ras homologous (Rho) family of guanosine triphosphate phosphatases (Rho GTPases), key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton, regulate endothelial barrier function in response to a variety of environmental factors and signalling agents via the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, changes in receptor trafficking or the phosphorylation of junctional proteins. This review provides a brief summary of recent knowledge on Rho-GTPase-mediated effects on pulmonary endothelial barrier function and focuses in particular on their role in pulmonary vascular disorders, including pulmonary hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Duluc
- Centre for Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Yeganeh B, Wiechec E, Ande SR, Sharma P, Moghadam AR, Post M, Freed DH, Hashemi M, Shojaei S, Zeki AA, Ghavami S. Targeting the mevalonate cascade as a new therapeutic approach in heart disease, cancer and pulmonary disease. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 143:87-110. [PMID: 24582968 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, also known as the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, is an essential cellular pathway that is involved in diverse cell functions. The enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGCR) is the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis and catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to MVA. Given its role in cholesterol and isoprenoid biosynthesis, the regulation of HMGCR has been intensely investigated. Because all cells require a steady supply of MVA, both the sterol (i.e. cholesterol) and non-sterol (i.e. isoprenoid) products of MVA metabolism exert coordinated feedback regulation on HMGCR through different mechanisms. The proper functioning of HMGCR as the proximal enzyme in the MVA pathway is essential under both normal physiologic conditions and in many diseases given its role in cell cycle pathways and cell proliferation, cholesterol biosynthesis and metabolism, cell cytoskeletal dynamics and stability, cell membrane structure and fluidity, mitochondrial function, proliferation, and cell fate. The blockbuster statin drugs ('statins') directly bind to and inhibit HMGCR, and their use for the past thirty years has revolutionized the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular diseases, in particular coronary heart disease. Initially thought to exert their effects through cholesterol reduction, recent evidence indicates that statins also have pleiotropic immunomodulatory properties independent of cholesterol lowering. In this review we will focus on the therapeutic applications and mechanisms involved in the MVA cascade including Rho GTPase and Rho kinase (ROCK) signaling, statin inhibition of HMGCR, geranylgeranyltransferase (GGTase) inhibition, and farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibition in cardiovascular disease, pulmonary diseases (e.g. asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)), and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Yeganeh
- Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Department of Physiology & Experimental Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Emilia Wiechec
- Dept. Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology & Integrative Regenerative Med. Center (IGEN), Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Sudharsana R Ande
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 4C46 HRIC, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Adel Rezaei Moghadam
- Scientific Association of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Martin Post
- Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Department of Physiology & Experimental Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Darren H Freed
- Department of Physiology, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Shahla Shojaei
- Department of Biochemistry, Recombinant Protein Laboratory, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir A Zeki
- U.C. Davis, School of Medicine, U.C. Davis Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology & Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, St. Boniface Research Centre, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Biology of Breathing Theme, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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