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Carciero L, Di Giuseppe G, Di Piazza E, Parand E, Soldovieri L, Ciccarelli G, Brunetti M, Gasbarrini A, Nista EC, Pani G, Pontecorvi A, Giaccari A, Mezza T. The interplay of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of metabolic impairment and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 216:111837. [PMID: 39173679 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) involves dysfunction in multiple organs, including the liver, muscle, adipose tissue, and pancreas, leading to insulin resistance and β cell failure. Recent studies highlight the significant role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in mediating inter-organ communication in T2D. This review investigates the role of EVs, focusing on their presence and biological significance in human plasma and tissues affected by T2D. We explore specific EV cargo, such as miRNAs and proteins, which affect insulin signaling and glucose metabolism, emphasizing their potential as biomarkers. By highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of EVs, we aim to provide new insights into their role in early detection, disease monitoring, and innovative treatment strategies for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Carciero
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Di Giuseppe
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Di Piazza
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Erfan Parand
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Soldovieri
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gea Ciccarelli
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Brunetti
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Pancreas Unit, CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico C Nista
- Pancreas Unit, CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Pani
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Giaccari
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Mezza
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Pancreas Unit, CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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Malin SK, Erdbrügger U. Extracellular Vesicles in Metabolic and Vascular Insulin Resistance. J Vasc Res 2024; 61:129-141. [PMID: 38615667 PMCID: PMC11149383 DOI: 10.1159/000538197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance is a major etiological factor in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction may precede impairments in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, thereby making it a key feature in development of CVD. However, the mechanism by which vascular tissue becomes dysfunctional is not clear. SUMMARY Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potential mediators of insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction. EVs are membrane-bound particles released by tissues following cellular stress or activation. They carry "cargo" (e.g., insulin signaling proteins, eNOS-nitric oxide, and miRNA) that are believed to promote inter-cellular and interorgan communications. Herein, we review the underlying physiology of EVs in relation to type 2 diabetes and CVD risk. Specifically, we discuss how EVs may modulate metabolic (e.g., skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose) insulin sensitivity, and propose that EVs may modulate vascular insulin action to influence both endothelial function and arterial stiffness. We lastly identify how EVs may play a unique role following exercise to promote metabolic and vascular insulin sensitivity changes. KEY MESSAGE Gaining insight toward insulin-mediated EV mechanism has potential to identify novel pathways regulating cardiometabolic health and provide foundation for examining EVs as unique biomarkers and targets to prevent and/or treat chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven K Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- The New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Ateeq M, Broadwin M, Sellke FW, Abid MR. Extracellular Vesicles' Role in Angiogenesis and Altering Angiogenic Signaling. Med Sci (Basel) 2024; 12:4. [PMID: 38249080 PMCID: PMC10801520 DOI: 10.3390/medsci12010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessels formation from existing vasculature, plays a vital role in development, wound healing, and various pathophysiological conditions. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as crucial mediators in intercellular communication and have gained significant attention for their role in modulating angiogenic processes. This review explores the multifaceted role of EVs in angiogenesis and their capacity to modulate angiogenic signaling pathways. Through comprehensive analysis of a vast body of literature, this review highlights the potential of utilizing EVs as therapeutic tools to modulate angiogenesis for both physiological and pathological purposes. A good understanding of these concepts holds promise for the development of novel therapeutic interventions targeting angiogenesis-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ateeq
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (M.A.); (M.B.); (F.W.S.)
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Broadwin
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (M.A.); (M.B.); (F.W.S.)
| | - Frank W. Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (M.A.); (M.B.); (F.W.S.)
| | - M. Ruhul Abid
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (M.A.); (M.B.); (F.W.S.)
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4
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Tengler L, Schütz J, Tiedtke M, Jablonska J, Theodoraki MN, Nitschke K, Weiß C, Seiz E, Affolter A, Jungbauer F, Lammert A, Rotter N, Ludwig S. Plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles unleash the angiogenic potential in head and neck cancer patients. Mol Med 2023; 29:69. [PMID: 37226100 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00659-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Head and neck cancer (HNC) angiogenesis is essential for tumor progression and metastasis. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from HNC cell lines alter endothelial cell (EC) functions towards a pro-angiogenic phenotype. However, the role of plasma sEVs retrieved from HNC patients in this process is not clear so far. METHODS Plasma sEVs were isolated on size exclusion chromatography columns from 32 HNC patients (early-stage UICC I/II: 8, advanced-stage UICC III/IV: 24), 12 patients with no evident disease after therapy (NED) and 16 healthy donors (HD). Briefly, sEVs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), BCA protein assays and Western blots. Levels of angiogenesis-associated proteins were determined using antibody arrays. The interaction of fluorescently-labeled sEVs with human umbilical vein ECs was visualized by confocal microscopy. The functional effect of sEVs on tubulogenesis, migration, proliferation and apoptosis of ECs was assessed. RESULTS The internalization of sEVs by ECs was visualized using confocal microscopy. Based on antibody arrays, all plasma sEVs were enriched in anti-angiogenic proteins. HNC sEVs contained more pro-angiogenic MMP-9 and anti-angiogenic proteins (Serpin F1) than HD sEVs. Interestingly, a strong inhibition of EC function was observed for sEVs from early-stage HNC, NED and HD. In contrast, sEVs from advanced-stage HNC showed a significantly increased tubulogenesis, migration and proliferation and induced less apoptosis in ECs than sEVs from HD. CONCLUSIONS In general, plasma sEVs carry a predominantly anti-angiogenic protein cargo and suppress the angiogenic properties of ECs, while sEVs from (advanced-stage) HNC patients induce angiogenesis compared to HD sEVs. Thus, tumor-derived sEVs within the plasma of HNC patients might shift the angiogenic switch towards angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Tengler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Schütz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Moritz Tiedtke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jadwiga Jablonska
- Translational Oncology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marie-Nicole Theodoraki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katja Nitschke
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiß
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elena Seiz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Annette Affolter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frederic Jungbauer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Lammert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sonja Ludwig
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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Wang Y, Tahiri H, Yang C, Gu M, Ruan X, Hardy P. Overexpression of miR-181a regulates the Warburg effect in triple-negative breast cancer. Climacteric 2023; 26:64-71. [PMID: 36459490 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2022.2147821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly aggressive and leads to a poor prognosis. microRNA-181a (miR-181a) exhibits strong antineoplastic effects in many types of cancer. In this study, we examine the responses of human miR-181a-transfected TNBC cells and explore the mechanisms underlying the observed effects. METHODS A series of cellular assays were conducted using cells from the MDA-MB-231 TNBC line to assess the impact of miR-181a overexpression. The extracellular acidification rate, lactate production and glucose uptake were evaluated as a measure of aerobic glycolysis (i.e. the Warburg effect). The expressions of glycolysis-related gene were analyzed. RESULTS Viability, migration and survival of miR-181a-transfected MDA-MB-231 cells were all significantly reduced. miR-181a inhibited glycolysis in TNBC cells by reducing the rates of glucose uptake and lactate production and a substantial downregulation of factors known to contribute to the Warburg effect, including the serine/threonine kinase, AKT3, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that miR-181a may regulate glycolysis in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells, potentially via interference with components of the AKT3-HIF-1α and PGRMC1 pathways. These results suggest that miR-181a might be developed as a therapeutic agent for use in antineoplastic regimens directed at TNBC and PGRMC1-overexpressing breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - H Tahiri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - C Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - M Gu
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - X Ruan
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - P Hardy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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6
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Georgatzakou HT, Fortis SP, Papageorgiou EG, Antonelou MH, Kriebardis AG. Blood Cell-Derived Microvesicles in Hematological Diseases and beyond. Biomolecules 2022; 12:803. [PMID: 35740926 PMCID: PMC9220817 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles or ectosomes represent a major type of extracellular vesicles that are formed by outward budding of the plasma membrane. Typically, they are bigger than exosomes but smaller than apoptotic vesicles, although they may overlap with both in size and content. Their release by cells is a means to dispose redundant, damaged, or dangerous material; to repair membrane lesions; and, primarily, to mediate intercellular communication. By participating in these vital activities, microvesicles may impact a wide array of cell processes and, consequently, changes in their concentration or components have been associated with several pathologies. Of note, microvesicles released by leukocytes, red blood cells, and platelets, which constitute the vast majority of plasma microvesicles, change under a plethora of diseases affecting not only the hematological, but also the nervous, cardiovascular, and urinary systems, among others. In fact, there is evidence that microvesicles released by blood cells are significant contributors towards pathophysiological states, having inflammatory and/or coagulation and/or immunomodulatory arms, by either promoting or inhibiting the relative disease phenotypes. Consequently, even though microvesicles are typically considered to have adverse links with disease prognosis, progression, or outcomes, not infrequently, they exert protective roles in the affected cells. Based on these functional relations, microvesicles might represent promising disease biomarkers with diagnostic, monitoring, and therapeutic applications, equally to the more thoroughly studied exosomes. In the current review, we provide a summary of the features of microvesicles released by blood cells and their potential implication in hematological and non-hematological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hara T. Georgatzakou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (H.T.G.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Sotirios P. Fortis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (H.T.G.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Effie G. Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (H.T.G.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Marianna H. Antonelou
- Department of Biology, Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios G. Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (H.T.G.); (S.P.F.); (E.G.P.)
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Sailliet N, Ullah M, Dupuy A, Silva AKA, Gazeau F, Le Mai H, Brouard S. Extracellular Vesicles in Transplantation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:800018. [PMID: 35185891 PMCID: PMC8851566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.800018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been extensively studied in the last two decades. It is now well documented that they can actively participate in the activation or regulation of immune system functions through different mechanisms, the most studied of which include protein–protein interactions and miRNA transfers. The functional diversity of EV-secreting cells makes EVs potential targets for immunotherapies through immune cell-derived EV functions. They are also a potential source of biomarkers of graft rejection through donor cells or graft environment-derived EV content modification. This review focuses on preclinical studies that describe the role of EVs from different cell types in immune suppression and graft tolerance and on the search for biomarkers of rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Sailliet
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centeer for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Matti Ullah
- MSC-med, INSERM U7057, Universite de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Dupuy
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centeer for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Hoa Le Mai
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centeer for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centeer for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France.,Labex IGO, Nantes, France
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Stratman AN, Crewe C, Stahl PD. The microenvironment‐ a general hypothesis on the homeostatic function of extracellular vesicles. FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:284-297. [PMID: 35520390 PMCID: PMC9065581 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), exosomes and microvesicles, is a burgeoning field of biological and biomedical research that may change our understanding of cell communication in plants and animals while holding great promise for the diagnosis of disease and the development of therapeutics. However, the challenge remains to develop a general hypothesis about the role of EVs in physiological homeostasis and pathobiology across kingdoms. While they can act systemically, EVs are often seen to operate locally within a microenvironment. This microenvironment is built as a collection of microunits comprised of cells that interact with each other via EV exchange, EV signaling, EV seeding, and EV disposal. We propose that microunits are part of a larger matrix at the tissue level that collectively communicates with the surrounding environment, including other end‐organ systems. Herein, we offer a working model that encompasses the various facets of EV function in the context of the cell biology and physiology of multicellular organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N Stratman
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology Washington University School of Medicine 660 South Euclid Avenue St. Louis Missouri USA 63110
| | - Clair Crewe
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology Washington University School of Medicine 660 South Euclid Avenue St. Louis Missouri USA 63110
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research Washington University School of Medicine 660 South Euclid Avenue St. Louis Missouri USA 63110
| | - Philip D Stahl
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology Washington University School of Medicine 660 South Euclid Avenue St. Louis Missouri USA 63110
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Marei I, Chidiac O, Thomas B, Pasquier J, Dargham S, Robay A, Vakayil M, Jameesh M, Triggle C, Rafii A, Jayyousi A, Al Suwaidi J, Abi Khalil C. Angiogenic content of microparticles in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease predicts networks of endothelial dysfunction. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:17. [PMID: 35109843 PMCID: PMC8812242 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated endothelial microparticles (EMPs) levels are surrogate markers of vascular dysfunction. We analyzed EMPs with apoptotic characteristics and assessed the angiogenic contents of microparticles in the blood of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) according to the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS A total of 80 participants were recruited and equally classified as (1) healthy without T2D, (2) T2D without cardiovascular complications, (3) T2D and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD), and (4) T2D and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). MPs were isolated from the peripheral circulation, and EMPs were characterized using flow cytometry of CD42 and CD31. CD62E was used to determine EMPs' apoptotic/activation state. MPs content was extracted and profiled using an angiogenesis array. RESULTS Levels of CD42- CD31 + EMPs were significantly increased in T2D with ACS (257.5 ± 35.58) when compared to healthy subjects (105.7 ± 12.96, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference when comparing T2D with and without chronic CAD. The ratio of CD42-CD62 +/CD42-CD31 + EMPs was reduced in all T2D patients, with further reduction in ACS when compared to chronic CAD, reflecting a release by apoptotic endothelial cells. The angiogenic content of the full population of MPs was analyzed. It revealed a significant differential expression of 5 factors in patients with ACS and diabetes, including TGF-β1, PD-ECGF, platelet factor 4, serpin E1, and thrombospondin 1. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that those five differentially expressed molecules, mainly TGF-β1, inhibit key pathways involved in normal endothelial function. Further comparison of the three diabetes groups to healthy controls and diabetes without cardiovascular disease to diabetes with CAD identified networks that inhibit normal endothelial cell function. Interestingly, DDP-IV was the only differentially expressed protein between chronic CAD and ACS in patients with diabetes. CONCLUSION Our data showed that the release of apoptosis-induced EMPs is increased in diabetes, irrespective of CAD, ACS patients having the highest levels. The protein contents of MPs interact in networks that indicate vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra Marei
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Omar Chidiac
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Binitha Thomas
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jennifer Pasquier
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Soha Dargham
- Biostatistics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amal Robay
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muneera Vakayil
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Arash Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amin Jayyousi
- Department of Endocrinology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Charbel Abi Khalil
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
- Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.
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10
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Yang N, Zhao Y, Wu X, Zhang N, Song H, Wei W, Liu ML. Recent advances in Extracellular Vesicles and their involvements in vasculitis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 171:203-218. [PMID: 33951487 PMCID: PMC9107955 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Systemic vasculitis is a heterogeneous group of multisystem autoimmune disorders characterized by inflammation of blood vessels. Although many progresses in diagnosis and immunotherapies have been achieved over the past decades, there are still many unanswered questions about vasculitis from pathological understanding to more advanced therapies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are double-layer phospholipid membrane vesicles harboring various cargoes. EVs can be classified into exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), and apoptotic bodies depending on their size and origin of cellular compartment. EVs can be released by almost all cell types and may be involved in physical and pathological processes including inflammation and autoimmune responses. In systemic vasculitis, EVs may have pathogenic involvement in inflammation, autoimmune responses, thrombosis, endothelium injury, angiogenesis and intimal hyperplasia. EV-associated redox reaction may also be involved in vasculitis pathogenesis by inducing inflammation, endothelial injury and thrombosis. Additionally, EVs may serve as specific biomarkers for diagnosis or monitoring of disease activity and therapeutic efficacy, i.e. AAV-associated renal involvement. In this review, we have discussed the recent advances of EVs, especially their roles in pathogenesis and clinical involvements in vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
| | - Xiuhua Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
| | - Haoming Song
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, PR China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China.
| | - Ming-Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (Philadelphia), Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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11
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Cai G, Wang Y, Houda T, Yang C, Wang L, Gu M, Mueck A, Croteau S, Ruan X, Hardy P. MicroRNA-181a suppresses norethisterone-promoted tumorigenesis of breast epithelial MCF10A cells through the PGRMC1/EGFR-PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101068. [PMID: 33730679 PMCID: PMC7974027 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that hormone replacement therapy may increase the risk of breast cancer, and progestins such as norethisterone (NET) play a key role in this phenomenon. We have demonstrated that microRNA-181a (miR-181a) suppresses NET-promoted breast cancer cell survival. Nonetheless, the effects of NET and miR-181a on the tumorigenesis of human breast epithelial cells have not yet been elaborated. METHODS Assays of cell viability, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and colony formation were performed to investigate the pro-tumorigenesis effect of NET and the effects of miR-181a on human breast epithelial MCF10A cells. The expressions of cell-proliferation-related genes and apoptotic factors were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot in MCF10A cells treated with NET and miR-181a. RESULTS NET significantly increased MCF10A cell viability, proliferation, migration, and colony formation, but reduced cellular apoptosis. In addition, NET increased the expression of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), EGFR, B-cell lymphoma 2, cyclin D1, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, but decreased the expression of pro-apoptosis factors, such as Bax, caspase-7, and caspase-9. Overexpression of miR-181a strongly inhibited the effects of NET on MCF10A cells and abrogated NET-stimulated PGRMC1, EGFR, and mTOR expression. CONCLUSIONS Activation of the PGRMC1/EGFR-PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is the primary mechanism underlying the pro-tumorigenesis effects of NET on human breast epithelial MCF10A cells. Additionally, miR-181a can suppress the effects of NET on these cells. These data suggest a therapeutic potential for miR-181a in reducing or preventing the risk of breast cancer in hormone replacement therapy using NET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiju Cai
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Room 2.17.004, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejiao Wang
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Room 2.17.004, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tahiri Houda
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Room 2.17.004, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chun Yang
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Room 2.17.004, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Room 2.17.004, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Muqing Gu
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Room 2.17.004, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Alfred Mueck
- University Women's Hospital and Research Centre for Women's Health, Department of Women's Health, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephane Croteau
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pharmacology, and Physiology, University of Montréal, Canada
| | - Xiangyan Ruan
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Room 2.17.004, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pharmacology, and Physiology, University of Montréal, Canada.
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12
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Mazzariol M, Camussi G, Brizzi MF. Extracellular Vesicles Tune the Immune System in Renal Disease: A Focus on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Thrombotic Microangiopathy and ANCA-Vasculitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084194. [PMID: 33919576 PMCID: PMC8073859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are microparticles released in biological fluids by different cell types, both in physiological and pathological conditions. Owing to their ability to carry and transfer biomolecules, EV are mediators of cell-to-cell communication and are involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases. The ability of EV to modulate the immune system, the coagulation cascade, the angiogenetic process, and to drive endothelial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of both autoimmune and renal diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of EV in the control of renal homeostasis by acting as intercellular signaling molecules, mediators of inflammation and tissue regeneration. Moreover, circulating EV and urinary EV secreted by renal cells have been investigated as potential early biomarkers of renal injury. In the present review, we discuss the recent findings on the involvement of EV in autoimmunity and in renal intercellular communication. We focused on EV-mediated interaction between the immune system and the kidney in autoimmune diseases displaying common renal damage, such as antiphospholipid syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, thrombotic microangiopathy, and vasculitis. Although further studies are needed to extend our knowledge on EV in renal pathology, a deeper investigation of the impact of EV in kidney autoimmune diseases may also provide insight into renal biological processes. Furthermore, EV may represent promising biomarkers of renal diseases with potential future applications as diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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13
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Lymphocytic microparticles suppress retinal angiogenesis via targeting Müller cells in the ischemic retinopathy mouse model. Exp Cell Res 2021; 399:112470. [PMID: 33434529 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the primary cause of visual impairment and vision loss in premature infants, which results from the formation of aberrant retinal neovascularization (NV). An emerging body of evidence has shown that Müller cells are the predominant source of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which also serves as a chemoattractant for monocyte/macrophage lineage. The recruitment of macrophages is increased during retinal NV, and they exert a pro-angiogenic role in ROP. We have shown that lymphocytic microparticles (microvesicles; LMPs) derived from apoptotic human T lymphocytes possess strong angiogenesis-inhibiting properties. Here, we investigated the effect of LMPs on the chemotactic capacity of Müller cells in vitro using rat Müller cell rMC-1 and mouse macrophage RAW 264.7. In addition, the impact of LMPs was determined in vivo using a mouse model of oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (OIR). The results revealed that LMPs were internalized by rMC-1 and reduced their cell proliferation dose-dependently without inducing cell apoptosis. LMPs inhibited the chemotactic capacity of rMC-1 on RAW 264.7 via reducing the expression of VEGF. Moreover, LMPs attenuated pathological retinal NV and the infiltration of macrophages in vivo. LMPs downregulated ERK1/2 and HIF-1α both in vitro and in vivo. These findings expand our understanding of the effects of LMPs, providing evidence of LMPs as a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of retinal NV diseases.
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14
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Microvesicles Produced by Natural Killer Cells Regulate the Formation of Blood Vessels. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 170:123-127. [PMID: 33237529 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-05017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effect of microvesicles derived from cells of the NK-92 cell line on the formation of tube-like structures by endothelial cells of the ЕА.Hy926 cell line. Microvesicles were isolated by differential centrifugation and their size was controlled by granulometric analysis using dynamic light scattering method. The effect of microvesicles produced by NK cells on angiogenesis was evaluated by cultural methods. In the course of the research, a model of co-culturing of microvesicles and endothelial cells on extracellular matrix Matrigel was developed. It was found that microvesicles derived from NK-92 cells promoted elongation of tube-like structures formed by endothelial ЕА.Hy926 cells. Microvesicles produced by NK cells can modulate functional activity of endothelial cells by affecting their ability to form blood vessels.
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15
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Yin Z, Fan J, Xu J, Wu F, Li Y, Zhou M, Liao T, Duan L, Wang S, Geng W, Jin Y. Immunoregulatory Roles of Extracellular Vesicles and Associated Therapeutic Applications in Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2024. [PMID: 32983146 PMCID: PMC7483575 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer represents a fatal condition that has the highest morbidity and mortality among malignancies. The currently available treatments fall short of improving the survival and quality of life of late-stage lung cancer patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by tumors or immune cells transport proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to other cells, thereby mediating immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment. The cargo carried by EVs vary by cellular state or extracellular milieu. So far, multiple studies have suggested that EVs from lung tumor cells (TEVs) or immune cells promote tumor progression mainly through suppressing antitumor immunity. However, modified or engineered EVs can be used as vaccines to elicit antitumor immunity. In addition, blocking the function of immunosuppressive EVs and using EVs carrying immunogenic medicine or EVs from certain immune cells also shows great potential in lung cancer treatment. To provide information for future studies on the role of EVs in lung cancer immunity, this review focus on the immunoregulatory role of EVs and associated treatment applications in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Yin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinshuo Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juanjuan Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Limin Duan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sufei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Geng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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16
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Shedding Light on the Role of Extracellular Vesicles in HIV Infection and Wound Healing. Viruses 2020; 12:v12060584. [PMID: 32471020 PMCID: PMC7354510 DOI: 10.3390/v12060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in intercellular communication. They are naturally released from cells into the extracellular environment. Based on their biogenesis, release pathways, size, content, and function, EVs are classified into exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), and apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs). Previous research has documented that EVs, specifically exosomes and MVs, play an important role in HIV infection, either by promoting HIV infection and pathogenesis or by inhibiting HIV-1 to a certain extent. We have also previously reported that EVs (particularly exosomes) from vaginal fluids inhibit HIV at the post-entry step (i.e., reverse transcription, integration). Besides the role that EVs play in HIV, they are also known to regulate the process of wound healing by regulating both the immune and inflammatory responses. It is noted that during the advanced stages of HIV infection, patients are at greater risk of wound-healing and wound-related complications. Despite ongoing research, the data on the actual effects of EVs in HIV infection and wound healing are still premature. This review aimed to update the current knowledge about the roles of EVs in regulating HIV pathogenesis and wound healing. Additionally, we highlighted several avenues of EV involvement in the process of wound healing, including coagulation, inflammation, proliferation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Understanding the role of EVs in HIV infection and wound healing could significantly contribute to the development of new and potent antiviral therapeutic strategies and approaches to resolve impaired wounds in HIV patients.
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17
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Yang C, Shani S, Tahiri H, Ortiz C, Gu M, Lavoie JC, Croteau S, Hardy P. Extracellular microparticles exacerbate oxidative damage to retinal pigment epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2020; 390:111957. [PMID: 32173468 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced retinal pigment epithelial cell (RPE) dysfunction is a primary contributing factor to early dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Oxidative injury to the retina may promote extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from RPE. In this study, we investigated the effects of oxidative-induced RPE cell-derived microparticles (RMPs) on RPE cell functions. The oxidative stress induced more RMPs released from RPE cells in vitro and in vivo, and significant more RMPs were released from aged RPE cells than that from younger RPE cells. RMPs were taken up by RPE cells in a time-dependent manner; however, blockage of CD36 attenuated the uptake process. Furthermore, the decrease of RPE cell viability by RMPs treatment was associated with an increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p15 and p21. RMPs enhanced senescence and interrupted phagocytic activity of RPE cells as well. The present study demonstrated that RMPs produce a strong effect of inducing RPE cell degeneration. This finding further supports the postulate that RMPs exacerbate oxidative stress damage to RPE cells, which may uncover a potentially relevant process in the genesis of dry AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Saeideh Shani
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Houda Tahiri
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Christina Ortiz
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Muqing Gu
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Stéphane Croteau
- Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, H3T 1C5, Canada.
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18
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Nader E, Romana M, Connes P. The Red Blood Cell-Inflammation Vicious Circle in Sickle Cell Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:454. [PMID: 32231672 PMCID: PMC7082402 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disease caused by a single mutation in the β-globin gene, leading to the production of an abnormal hemoglobin called hemoglobin S (HbS), which polymerizes under deoxygenation, and induces the sickling of red blood cells (RBCs). Sickled RBCs are very fragile and rigid, and patients consequently become anemic and develop frequent and recurrent vaso-occlusive crises. However, it is now evident that SCD is not only a RBC rheological disease. Accumulating evidence shows that SCD is also characterized by the presence of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, participating in the development of chronic vasculopathy and several chronic complications. The accumulation of hemoglobin and heme in the plasma, as a consequence of enhanced intravascular hemolysis, decreases nitric oxide bioavailability and enhances the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Heme and hemoglobin also represent erythrocytic danger-associated molecular pattern molecules (eDAMPs), which may activate endothelial inflammation through TLR-4 signaling and promote the development of complications, such as acute chest syndrome. It is also suspected that heme may activate the innate immune complement system and stimulate neutrophils to release neutrophil extracellular traps. A large amount of microparticles (MPs) from various cellular origins (platelets, RBCs, white blood cells, endothelial cells) is also released into the plasma of SCD patients and participate in the inflammation and oxidative stress in SCD. In turn, this pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress environment further alters the RBC properties. Increased pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations promote the activation of RBC NADPH oxidase and, thus, raise the production of intra-erythrocyte ROS. Such enhanced oxidative stress causes deleterious damage to the RBC membrane and further alters the deformability of the cells, modifying their aggregation properties. These RBC rheological alterations have been shown to be associated to specific SCD complications, such as leg ulcers, priapism, and glomerulopathy. Moreover, RBCs positive for the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines may be very sensitive to various inflammatory molecules that promote RBC dehydration and increase RBC adhesiveness to the vascular wall. In summary, SCD is characterized by a vicious circle between abnormal RBC rheology and inflammation, which modulates the clinical severity of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Nader
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence du Globule Rouge (Labex GR-Ex), PRES Sorbonne, Paris, France
| | - Marc Romana
- Laboratoire d'Excellence du Globule Rouge (Labex GR-Ex), PRES Sorbonne, Paris, France.,Université des Antilles, UMR_S1134, BIGR, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.,Université de Paris, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Connes
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence du Globule Rouge (Labex GR-Ex), PRES Sorbonne, Paris, France
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19
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Surman M, Drożdż A, Stępień E, Przybyło M. Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Systems - Methods of Production and Potential Therapeutic Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:132-154. [PMID: 30848183 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190306153318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems are created to achieve the desired therapeutic effect of a specific pharmaceutical compound. Numerous drawbacks and side effects such as unfavorable pharmacokinetics, lack of tissue selectivity, immunogenicity, increased systemic clearance and toxicity, have been observed for currently available drug delivery systems (DDSs). The use of natural and artificial extracellular vesicles (EVs) in drug delivery may help to solve the aforementioned problems faced by different DDSs. Due to their self-origin, small size, flexibility, the presence of multiple adhesive molecules on their surfaces as well as their function as biomolecules carriers, EVs are the perfect candidates for DDSs. Currently, several drug delivery systems based on EVs have been proposed. While the great potential of these particles in targeted drug delivery has been recognized in cancer, hepatitis C, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory states etc., this field is still in the early stage of development. Unfortunately, the use of EVs from natural sources (cell cultures, body fluids) results in numerous problems in terms of the heterogeneity of isolated vesicle population as well as the method of isolation thereof, which may influence vesicle composition and properties. Therefore, there is a significant need for the synthesis of artificial EV-based DDSs under strictly controlled laboratory conditions and from well-defined biomolecules (proteins and lipids). Vesicle-mimetic delivery systems, characterized by properties similar to natural EVs, will bring new opportunities to study the mechanisms of DDS internalization and their biological activity after delivering their cargo to a target cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Surman
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Drożdż
- Department of Medical Physics, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Stępień
- Department of Medical Physics, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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20
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Oggero S, Austin-Williams S, Norling LV. The Contrasting Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Vascular Inflammation and Tissue Repair. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1479. [PMID: 31920664 PMCID: PMC6928593 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous family of vesicles, generated from different subcellular compartments and released into the extracellular space. Composed of a lipid bilayer encompassing both soluble cytosolic material and nuclear components, these organelles have been recently described as novel regulators of intercellular communication between adjacent and remote cells. Due to their diversified composition and biological content, they portray specific signatures of cellular activation and pathological processes, their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers has raised significant interest in cardiovascular diseases. Circulating vesicles, especially those released from platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells are found to play a critical role in activating several fundamental cells within the vasculature, including endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Their intrinsic activity and immunomodulatory properties lends them to not only promote vascular inflammation, but also enhance tissue regeneration, vascular repair, and indeed resolution. In this review we aim to recapitulate the recent findings concerning the roles played by EVs that originate from different circulating cells, with particular reference to their action on the endothelium. We focus herein, on the interaction of platelet and leukocyte EVs with the endothelium. In addition, their potential biological function in promoting tissue resolution and vascular repair will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Oggero
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shani Austin-Williams
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Victoria Norling
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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21
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Shu Z, Tan J, Miao Y, Zhang Q. The role of microvesicles containing microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7933-7945. [PMID: 31576661 PMCID: PMC6850938 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that endothelial dysfunction is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The endothelium is one of the primary targets of circulating microvesicles. Besides, microRNAs emerge as important regulators of endothelial cell function. As a delivery system of microRNAs, microvesicles play an active and important role in regulating vascular endothelial function. In recent years, some studies have shown that microvesicles containing microRNAs regulate the pathophysiological changes in vascular endothelium, such as cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration and inflammation. These studies have provided some clues for the possible roles of microvesicles and microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction‐associated diseases, and opened the door towards discovering potential novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide an overview of the main characteristics of microvesicles and microRNAs, summarizing their potential role and mechanism in endothelial dysfunction, and discussing the clinical application and existing problems of microvesicles for better translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Shu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
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22
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Abstract
Microparticles are a distinctive group of small vesicles, without nucleus, which are involved as significant modulators in several physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Plasma microparticles from various cellular lines have been subject of research. Data suggest that they are key players in development and manifestation of cardiovascular diseases and their presence, in high levels, is associated with chronic inflammation, endothelial damage and thrombosis. The strong correlation of microparticle levels with several outcomes in cardiovascular diseases has led to their utilization as biomarkers. Despite the limited clinical application at present, their significance emerges, mainly because their detection and enumeration methods are improving. This review article summarizes the evidence derived from research, related with the genesis and the function of microparticles in the presence of various cardiovascular risk factors and conditions. The current data provide a substrate for several theories of how microparticles influence various cellular mechanisms by transferring biological information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Voukalis
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Eduard Shantsila
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- b Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science , University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital , Liverpool , UK.,c Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit , Aalborg University , Aalborg , Denmark
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23
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Wu X, Liu Y, Wei W, Liu ML. Extracellular vesicles in autoimmune vasculitis - Little dirts light the fire in blood vessels. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:593-606. [PMID: 30959208 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Systemic vasculitis is diverse group of autoimmune disorders which are characterized by inflammation of blood vessel walls with deep aching and burning pain. Their underlying etiology and pathophysiology still remain poorly understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), and apoptotic bodies, are membrane vesicular structures that are released either during cell activation, or when cells undergo programmed cell death, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. Although EVs were thought as cell dusts, but now they have been found to be potently active since they harbor bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, or multi-molecular complexes. EVs can serve as novel mediators for cell-to-cell communications by delivery bioactive molecules from their parental cells to the recipient cells. Earlier studies mainly focused on MVs budding from membrane surface. Recent studies demonstrated that EVs may also carry molecules from cytoplasm or even from nucleus of their parental cells, and these EVs may carry autoantigens and are important in vasculitis. EVs may play important roles in vasculitis through their potential pathogenic involvements in inflammation, autoimmune responses, procoagulation, endothelial dysfunction/damage, angiogenesis, and intimal hyperplasia. EVs have also been used as specific biomarkers for diagnostic use or disease severity monitoring. In this review, we have focused on the aspects of EV biology most relevant to the pathogenesis of vasculitis, discussed their perspective insights, and summarized the exist literature on EV relevant studies in vasculitis, therefore provides an integration of current knowledge regarding the novel role of EVs in systemic vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Ming-Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (Philadelphia), Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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24
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Dua K, Malyla V, Singhvi G, Wadhwa R, Krishna RV, Shukla SD, Shastri MD, Chellappan DK, Maurya PK, Satija S, Mehta M, Gulati M, Hansbro N, Collet T, Awasthi R, Gupta G, Hsu A, Hansbro PM. Increasing complexity and interactions of oxidative stress in chronic respiratory diseases: An emerging need for novel drug delivery systems. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 299:168-178. [PMID: 30553721 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is intensely involved in enhancing the severity of various chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), infections and lung cancer. Even though there are various existing anti-inflammatory therapies, which are not enough to control the inflammation caused due to various contributing factors such as anti-inflammatory genes and antioxidant enzymes. This leads to an urgent need of novel drug delivery systems to combat the oxidative stress. This review gives a brief insight into the biological factors involved in causing oxidative stress, one of the emerging hallmark feature in CRDs and particularly, highlighting recent trends in various novel drug delivery carriers including microparticles, microemulsions, microspheres, nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, solid lipid nanocarriers etc which can help in combating the oxidative stress in CRDs and ultimately reducing the disease burden and improving the quality of life with CRDs patients. These carriers improve the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability to the target site. However, there is an urgent need for translational studies to validate the drug delivery carriers for clinical administration in the pulmonary clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Vamshikrishna Malyla
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, 333031, India
| | - Ridhima Wadhwa
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Rapalli Vamshi Krishna
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, 333031, India
| | - Shakti Dhar Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Madhur D Shastri
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh District, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144441, India
| | - Meenu Mehta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144441, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144441, India
| | - Nicole Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Trudi Collet
- Indigenous Medicines Group, Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sec. 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, 302017, Jaipur, India
| | - Alan Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
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25
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Sánchez-Alonso S, Alcaraz-Serna A, Sánchez-Madrid F, Alfranca A. Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Immune Regulation of Tissue Remodeling and Angiogenesis After Myocardial Infarction. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2799. [PMID: 30555478 PMCID: PMC6281951 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-related disorders constitute a major health problem, being a leading cause of death in the world. Upon ischemia, tissue remodeling processes come into play, comprising a series of inter-dependent stages, including inflammation, cell proliferation and repair. Neovessel formation during late phases of remodeling provides oxygen supply, together with cellular and soluble components necessary for an efficient myocardial reconstruction. Immune system plays a central role in processes aimed at repairing ischemic myocardium, mainly in inflammatory and angiogenesis phases. In addition to cellular components and soluble mediators as chemokines and cytokines, the immune system acts in a paracrine fashion through small extracellular vesicles (EVs) release. These vesicular structures participate in multiple biological processes, and transmit information through bioactive cargoes from one cell to another. Cell therapy has been employed in an attempt to improve the outcome of these patients, through the promotion of tissue regeneration and angiogenesis. However, clinical trials have shown variable results, which put into question the actual applicability of cell-based therapies. Paracrine factors secreted by engrafted cells partially mediate tissue repair, and this knowledge has led to the hypothesis that small EVs may become a useful tool for cell-free myocardial infarction therapy. Current small EVs engineering strategies allow delivery of specific content to selected cell types, thus revealing the singular properties of these vesicles for myocardial ischemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Sánchez-Alonso
- Immunology Service, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Alcaraz-Serna
- Immunology Service, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Immunology Service, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arantzazu Alfranca
- Immunology Service, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Wilhelm EN, Mourot L, Rakobowchuk M. Exercise-Derived Microvesicles: A Review of the Literature. Sports Med 2018; 48:2025-2039. [PMID: 29868992 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Initially suggested as simple cell debris, cell-derived microvesicles (MVs) have now gained acceptance as recognized players in cellular communication and physiology. Shed by most, and perhaps all, human cells, these tiny lipid-membrane vesicles carry bioactive agents, such as proteins, lipids and microRNA from their cell source, and are produced under orchestrated events in response to a myriad of stimuli. Physical exercise introduces systemic physiological challenges capable of acutely disrupting cell homeostasis and stimulating the release of MVs into the circulation. The novel and promising field of exercise-derived MVs is expanding quickly, and the following work provides a review of the influence of exercise on circulating MVs, considering both acute and chronic aspects of exercise and training. Potential effects of the MV response to exercise are highlighted and future directions suggested as exercise and sports sciences extend the realm of extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eurico N Wilhelm
- School of Physical Education, UFPel, Rua Luís de Camões, 625, Três Vendas, Pelotas, RS, 96055-630, Brazil.
| | - Laurent Mourot
- EA3920 Prognostic Factors and Regulatory Factors of Cardiac and Vascular Pathologies, (Exercise Performance Health Innovation-EPHI), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000, Besançon, France.,Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Mark Rakobowchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, Canada
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27
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Gu M, Wang L, Yang C, Li X, Jia C, Croteau S, Ruan X, Hardy P. Micro-RNA-181a suppresses progestin-promoted breast cancer cell growth. Maturitas 2018; 114:60-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Eichner NZM, Erdbrügger U, Malin SK. Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Target for Exercise-Mediated Reductions in Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:7807245. [PMID: 30018986 PMCID: PMC6029462 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7807245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise is important for reducing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, only about 40-50% of this CVD risk reduction is accounted for by adiposity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Herein, we present the novel hypothesis that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are candidate biomarkers that may relate to impaired endothelial function and insulin resistance independent of obesity risk factors. EVs are small membrane-bound particles that are generated by cells following stimulation, stress, or activation. They carry markers of their parent cell and are thought to be potent bioactivators and communicators. We discuss the underlying physiology of specific cell type EVs, as well as examine how acute and chronic exercise interventions impact EV count and phenotype. We also propose that current gaps in the field are in part related to use of different detection techniques and the lack of standardized measurements of EV affecting the pre- and postanalytical phase. Ultimately, improving the understanding of how EVs impact cardiometabolic health and their function will lead to improved approaches for enhancing diagnostic options as well as designing exercise interventions that treat and/or prevent T2D and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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29
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Yang C, Tahiri H, Cai C, Gu M, Gagnon C, Hardy P. microRNA-181a inhibits ocular neovascularization by interfering with vascular endothelial growth factor expression. Cardiovasc Ther 2018; 36:e12329. [PMID: 29608244 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Excess angiogenesis or neovascularization plays a key role in the pathophysiology of several ocular diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, and exudative age-related macular degeneration. microRNA-181a (miR-181a) was found highly expressed in retina and choroidal tissues. This study intends to investigate the role of miR-181a in the regulation of ocular neovascularization in different pathophysiological conditions. METHOD We performed the RNA sequence to identify the microRNAs components of anti-angiogenic lymphocyte-derived microparticles (LMPs). The effect of miR-181a on human retinal endothelial cells proliferation was assessed in vitro. The impact of miR-181a on angiogenesis was confirmed using in vitro angiogenesis assay, ex vivo choroidal explant, and in vivo retinal neovascularization. The expression of major angiogenic factors was assessed by real-time qPCR. RESULTS RNA sequence revealed that miR-181a is selectively enriched in LMPs. Importantly, the inhibition of miR-181a significantly abrogated the effect of LMPs on endothelial viability, but overexpression of miR-181a reduced endothelial cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. miR-181a strongly inhibited in vitro angiogenesis and ex vivo choroidal neovascularization. The strong anti-angiogenic effect of miR-181a was also displayed on the retinal neovascularization of the in vivo mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. In keeping with its effect, several angiogenesis-related genes were dysregulated in the miR-181a overexpressed endothelial cells. CONCLUSION These data may open unexpected avenues for the development of miR-181a as a novel therapeutic strategy that would be particularly useful and relevant for the treatment of neovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- Departments of Pediatrics, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Houda Tahiri
- Departments of Pediatrics, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chenrongrong Cai
- Departments of Pediatrics, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Muqing Gu
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Carmen Gagnon
- Departments of Pediatrics, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Departments of Pediatrics, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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30
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Romana M, Connes P, Key NS. Microparticles in sickle cell disease. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 68:319-329. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-189014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Romana
- Unité Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, Université des Antilles, Inserm 1134, laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Connes
- Unité Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, Université des Antilles, Inserm 1134, laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
- Laboratoire LIBM EA7424, Equipe « Biologie Vasculaire et du Globule Rouge», Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Nigel S. Key
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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31
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Zhao M, Li P, Xu H, Pan Q, Zeng R, Ma X, Li Z, Lin H. Dexamethasone-Activated MSCs Release MVs for Stimulating Osteogenic Response. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:7231739. [PMID: 29760734 PMCID: PMC5926524 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7231739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular microvesicles (MVs) are attracting much attention because they are found to be the key paracrine mediator participating in tissue regeneration. Dexamethasone (DXM) is widely accepted as an important regulator in tailoring the differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the effect of DXM on the paracrine signaling of MSCs remains unknown. To this point, we aimed to explore the role of DXM in regulating the paracrine activity of MSCs through evaluating the release and function of MSC-MVs, based on their physicochemical characteristics and support on osteogenic response. Results showed that DXM had no evident impact on the release of MSC-MVs but played a pivotal role in regulating the function of MSC-MVs. MVs obtained from the DXM-stimulated MSCs (DXM-MVs) increased MC3T3 cell proliferation and migration and upregulated Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteopontin (OPN) expression. The repair efficiency of DXM-MVs for femur defects was further investigated in an established rat model. It was found that DXM-MVs accelerated the healing process of bone formation in the defect area. Thus, we conclude that using DXM as stimuli to obtain functional MSCs-MVs could become a valuable tool for promoting bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Zhao
- 1Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Peng Li
- 1Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Haijia Xu
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qunwen Pan
- 3Department of Surgery, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- 4Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Xiaotang Ma
- 3Department of Surgery, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Zhanghua Li
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hao Lin
- 4Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
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32
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Badimon L, Suades R, Arderiu G, Peña E, Chiva-Blanch G, Padró T. Microvesicles in Atherosclerosis and Angiogenesis: From Bench to Bedside and Reverse. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:77. [PMID: 29326946 PMCID: PMC5741657 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AT) is a progressive chronic disease involving lipid accumulation, fibrosis, and inflammation in medium and large-sized arteries, and it is the main cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). AT is caused by dyslipidemia and mediated by both innate and adaptive immune responses. Despite lipid-lowering drugs have shown to decrease the risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs), there is a significant burden of AT-related morbidity and mortality. Identification of subjects at increased risk for CVE as well as discovery of novel therapeutic targets for improved treatment strategies are still unmet clinical needs in CVD. Microvesicles (MVs), small extracellular plasma membrane particles shed by activated and apoptotic cells have been widely linked to the development of CVD. MVs from vascular and resident cells by facilitating exchange of biological information between neighboring cells serve as cellular effectors in the bloodstream and play a key role in all stages of disease progression. This article reviews the current knowledge on the role of MVs in AT and CVD. Attention is focused on novel aspects of MV-mediated regulatory mechanisms from endothelial dysfunction, vascular wall inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis to coagulation and thrombosis in the progression and development of atherothrombosis. MV contribution to vascular remodeling is also discussed, with a particular emphasis on the effect of MVs on the crosstalk between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, and their role regulating the active process of AT-driven angiogenesis and neovascularization. This review also highlights the latest findings and main challenges on the potential prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic value of cell-derived MVs in CVD. In summary, MVs have emerged as new regulators of biological functions in atherothrombosis and might be instrumental in cardiovascular precision medicine; however, significant efforts are still needed to translate into clinics the latest findings on MV regulation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Suades
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Arderiu
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
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33
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Song L, Ding S, Ge Z, Zhu X, Qiu C, Wang Y, Lai E, Yang W, Sun Y, Chow SA, Yu L. Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors attenuate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by impairing receptor tyrosine kinases signalling in endothelial cells. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1241-1259. [PMID: 28910489 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cardiovascular disease associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) has become a major clinical challenge for HIV-positive patients. However, the role of ART in blood vessel growth is largely unknown. Here, we examined an integral component of ART, nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and investigated their effects on key microvascular functions, including angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis capability of endothelial cells (ECs) was evaluated using migration, proliferation and tube formation assays in vitro, and mouse ear and Matrigel plug assays in vivo. Expressions of signalling molecules and mitochondrial antioxidant catalases were determined using Western blotting. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) internalization and endocytosis were examined using flow cytometry and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy respectively. Mitochondrial DNA copy number and ROS were determined using quantitative real-time PCR and MitoSOX staining respectively. KEY RESULTS Pharmaceutical doses of NRTIs [azidothymidine (AZT), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and lamivudine (3TC)] inhibited angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis both in vivo and in vitro by affecting the proliferation and migration of ECs. Correspondingly, NRTIs selectively attenuated the activation and transduction of endothelial RTK signals, VEGFR2 and FGFR1 pathways, in vascular ECs and the VEGFR3 pathway in lymphatic ECs. Both TDF and 3TC restrained RTKs' endocytosis into early endosomes but not internalization, while AZT blocked the protein maturation of RTKs. Excessive ROS levels were detected in NRTI-treated ECs, and the MnSOD mimic MnTMPyP alleviated the angiogenic/lymphangiogenic defects induced by NRTIs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS NRTIs negatively regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by inducing mitochondrial oxidative stress and subsequently impairing RTK signalling in ECs. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Song
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sha Ding
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Ge
- Institute of Materia Medica, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Qiu
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuewen Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Enyin Lai
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijun Yang
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Samson A Chow
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Luyang Yu
- Institute of Genetics and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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34
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Abstract
During the past decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes, have emerged as important players in cell-to-cell communication in normal physiology and pathological conditions. EVs encapsulate and convey various bioactive molecules that are further transmitted to neighboring or more distant cells, where they induce various signaling cascades. The message delivered to the target cells is dependent on EV composition, which, in turn, is determined by the cell of origin and the surrounding microenvironment during EV biogenesis. Among their multifaceted role in the modulation of biological responses, the involvement of EVs in vascular development, growth, and maturation has been widely documented and their potential therapeutic application in regenerative medicine or angiogenesis-related diseases is drawing increasing interest. EVs derived from various cell types have the potential to deliver complex information to endothelial cells and to induce either pro- or antiangiogenic signaling. As dynamic systems, in response to changes in the microenvironment, EVs adapt their cargo composition to fine-tune the process of blood vessel formation. This article reviews the current knowledge on the role of microvesicles and exosomes from various cellular origins in angiogenesis, with a particular emphasis on the underlying mechanisms, and discusses the main challenges and prerequisites for their therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilyana Todorova
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.)
| | - Stéphanie Simoncini
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.)
| | - Romaric Lacroix
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.)
| | - Florence Sabatier
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.).
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- From the Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, VRCM, UMR_S 1076, Marseille, France (D.T., S.S., R.L., F.S., F.D.-G.); APHM, CHU de la Conception, Service d'Hématologie, Marseille, France (R.L., F.D.-G.); and APHM, CHU de la Conception, Laboratoire de Culture et Thérapie Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR_S 1076, CBT1409, Marseille, France (F.S.)
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35
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Khalyfa A, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Gozal D. Circulating exosomes in obstructive sleep apnea as phenotypic biomarkers and mechanistic messengers of end-organ morbidity. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2017; 256:143-156. [PMID: 28676332 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the most severe form of sleep disordered breathing, is characterized by intermittent hypoxia during sleep (IH), sleep fragmentation, and episodic hypercapnia. OSA is associated with increased risk for morbidity and mortality affecting cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurocognitive systems, and more recently with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cancer-related deaths. Substantial variability in OSA outcomes suggests that genetically-determined and environmental and lifestyle factors affect the phenotypic susceptibility to OSA. Furthermore, OSA and obesity often co-exist and manifest activation of shared molecular end-organ injury mechanisms that if properly identified may represent potential therapeutic targets. A challenge in the development of non-invasive diagnostic assays in body fluids is the ability to identify clinically relevant biomarkers. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) include a heterogeneous population of vesicular structures including exosomes, prostasomes, microvesicles (MVs), ectosomes and oncosomes, and are classified based on their size, shape and membrane surface composition. Of these, exosomes (30-100nm) are very small membrane vesicles derived from multi-vesicular bodies or from the plasma membrane and play important roles in mediating cell-cell communication via cargo that includes lipids, proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs and DNA. We have recently identified a unique cluster of exosomal miRNAs in both humans and rodents exposed to intermittent hypoxia as well as in patients with OSA with divergent morbid phenotypes. Here we summarize such recent findings, and will focus on exosomal miRNAs in both adult and children which mediate intercellular communication relevant to OSA and endothelial dysfunction, and their potential value as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Leila Kheirandish-Gozal
- Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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36
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Ridger VC, Boulanger CM, Angelillo-Scherrer A, Badimon L, Blanc-Brude O, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Boilard E, Buzas EI, Caporali A, Dignat-George F, Evans PC, Lacroix R, Lutgens E, Ketelhuth DFJ, Nieuwland R, Toti F, Tunon J, Weber C, Hoefer IE. Microvesicles in vascular homeostasis and diseases. Position Paper of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Working Group on Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:1296-1316. [PMID: 28569921 DOI: 10.1160/th16-12-0943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microvesicles are members of the family of extracellular vesicles shed from the plasma membrane of activated or apoptotic cells. Microvesicles were initially characterised by their pro-coagulant activity and described as "microparticles". There is mounting evidence revealing a role for microvesicles in intercellular communication, with particular relevance to hemostasis and vascular biology. Coupled with this, the potential of microvesicles as meaningful biomarkers is under intense investigation. This Position Paper will summarise the current knowledge on the mechanisms of formation and composition of microvesicles of endothelial, platelet, red blood cell and leukocyte origin. This paper will also review and discuss the different methods used for their analysis and quantification, will underline the potential biological roles of these vesicles with respect to vascular homeostasis and thrombosis and define important themes for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chantal M Boulanger
- Victoria Ridger, PhD, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK, E-mail: , or, Chantal M. Boulanger, PhD, INSERM UMR-S 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France, E-mail:
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37
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Tahiri H, Omri S, Yang C, Duhamel F, Samarani S, Ahmad A, Vezina M, Bussières M, Vaucher E, Sapieha P, Hickson G, Hammamji K, Lapointe R, Rodier F, Tremblay S, Royal I, Cailhier JF, Chemtob S, Hardy P. Lymphocytic Microparticles Modulate Angiogenic Properties of Macrophages in Laser-induced Choroidal Neovascularization. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37391. [PMID: 27874077 PMCID: PMC5118818 DOI: 10.1038/srep37391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the common cause of vision loss in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Macrophages possess potential angiogenic function in CNV. We have demonstrated that human T lymphocyte-derived microparticles (LMPs) exert a potent antiangiogenic effect in several pathological neovascularization models. In this study, we investigated the alteration of proangiogenic properties of macrophages by LMPs treatment in vitro and in vivo models. LMPs regulated the expression of several angiogenesis-related factors in macrophages and consequently stimulated their antiangiogenic effects evidenced by the suppression of the proliferation of human retinal endothelial cells in co-culture experiments. The involvement of CD36 receptor in LMPs uptake by macrophages was demonstrated by in vitro assays and by immunostaining of choroidal flat mounts. In addition, ex vivo experiments showed that CD36 mediates the antiangiogenic effect of LMPs in murine and human choroidal explants. Furthermore, intravitreal injection of LMPs in the mouse model of laser-induced CNV significantly suppressed CNV in CD36 dependent manner. The results of this study suggested an ability of LMPs to alter the gene expression pattern of angiogenesis-related factors in macrophages, which provide important information for a new therapeutic approach for efficiently interfering with both vascular and extravascular components of CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Tahiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Samy Omri
- Research Center Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Chun Yang
- Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - François Duhamel
- Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Suzanne Samarani
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ali Ahmad
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mark Vezina
- Charles River Laboratories, Senneville, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Elvire Vaucher
- School of Optometry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Przemyslaw Sapieha
- Research Center Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Hickson
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Karim Hammamji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Réjean Lapointe
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, CRCHUM-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Francis Rodier
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, CRCHUM-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Radiology, Radio-Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Tremblay
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Royal
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, CRCHUM-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Cailhier
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, CRCHUM-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Research Center Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Research Center CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Pan Q, He C, Liu H, Liao X, Dai B, Chen Y, Yang Y, Zhao B, Bihl J, Ma X. Microvascular endothelial cells-derived microvesicles imply in ischemic stroke by modulating astrocyte and blood brain barrier function and cerebral blood flow. Mol Brain 2016; 9:63. [PMID: 27267759 PMCID: PMC4897950 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-016-0243-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial cell (EC) released microvesicles (EMVs) can affect various target cells by transferring carried genetic information. Astrocytes are the main components of the blood brain barrier (BBB) structure in the brain and participate in regulating BBB integrity and blood flow. The interactions between ECs and astrocytes are essential for BBB integrity in homeostasis and pathological conditions. Here, we studied the effects of human brain microvascular ECs released EMVs on astrocyte functions. Additionally, we investigated the effects of EMVs treated astrocytes on regulating BBB function and cerebral ischemic damage. RESULTS EMVs prepared from ECs cultured in normal condition (n-EMVs) or oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD-EMVs) condition had diverse effects on astrocytes. The n-EMVs promoted, while the OGD-EMVs inhibited the proliferation of astrocytes via regulating PI3K/Akt pathway. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression (marker of astrocyte activation) was up-regulated by n-EMVs, while down-regulated by OGD-EMVs. Meanwhile, n-EMVs inhibited but OGD-EMVs promoted the apoptosis of astrocytes accompanied by up/down-regulating the expression of Caspase-9 and Bcl-2. In the BBB model of ECs-astrocytes co-culture, the n-EMVs, conversely to OGD-EMVs, decreased the permeability of BBB accompanied with up-regulation of zonula occudens-1(ZO-1) and Claudin-5. In a transient cerebral ischemia mouse model, n-EMVs ameliorated, while OGD-EMVs aggravated, BBB disruption, local cerebral blood flow (CBF) reduction, infarct volume and neurological deficit score. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that EMVs diversely modulate astrocyte functions, BBB integrity and CBF, and could serve as a novel therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunwen Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Caixia He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.,Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Hua Liu
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Xiaorong Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Bingyan Dai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA.,Department of Neurology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Ji Bihl
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA.
| | - Xiaotang Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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Ishida K, Taguchi K, Hida M, Watanabe S, Kawano K, Matsumoto T, Hattori Y, Kobayashi T. Circulating microparticles from diabetic rats impair endothelial function and regulate endothelial protein expression. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 216:211-20. [PMID: 26235826 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is accompanied by functional and structural changes in the vascular system. Microparticles (MPs) have been described as biological vectors of endothelial dysfunction in other pathologies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their formation and signalling are unclear. We investigated the role of MPs derived from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats in endothelial function. METHODS Male Wistar rats were injected with STZ to induce diabetes, and MPs isolated from control or STZ-induced diabetic rats were characterized by dot blotting (assessed by CD62P detections), flow cytometry (assessed by annexin V detections) and ELISA. Carotid arteries from rats were incubated with MPs, and expressions of enzymes and endothelium-dependent relaxation were analysed. RESULTS The circulating levels of MPs, particularly the levels of platelet-derived microparticles, from diabetic rats were higher than those present in controls. Endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by acetylcholine (ACh) was attenuated in carotid arteries from STZ-induced diabetic rats. Following the incubation of control carotid arteries with MPs isolated from STZ rats, ACh-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation was impaired, but MPs isolated from control rats had no such effect. Furthermore, the effect of MPs was mediated by a decrease in expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the overexpression of caveolin-1. CONCLUSION Circulating MPs isolated from STZ-induced diabetic rats induce endothelial dysfunction in carotid arteries and regulate protein expressions of eNOS and caveolin-1. These data advance our understanding of the deleterious effects of circulating MPs observed in disorders with diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Ishida
- Department of Physiology and Morphology; Institute of Medicinal Chemistry; Hoshi University; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology; Institute of Medicinal Chemistry; Hoshi University; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Hida
- Department of Physiology and Morphology; Institute of Medicinal Chemistry; Hoshi University; Tokyo Japan
| | - S. Watanabe
- Department of Physiology and Morphology; Institute of Medicinal Chemistry; Hoshi University; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Kawano
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry; Hoshi University; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology; Institute of Medicinal Chemistry; Hoshi University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Hattori
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry; Hoshi University; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology; Institute of Medicinal Chemistry; Hoshi University; Tokyo Japan
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40
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Ramakrishnan DP, Hajj-Ali RA, Chen Y, Silverstein RL. Extracellular Vesicles Activate a CD36-Dependent Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Microvascular Endothelial Cell Migration and Tube Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:534-44. [PMID: 26821945 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.307085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Literature on the effect of cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EV), ≤1 μm vesicles shed from various cell types during activation or apoptosis, on microvascular endothelial cell (MVEC) signaling is conflicting. Thrombospondin-1 and related proteins induce anti-angiogenic signals in MVEC via CD36. CD36 binds EV via phosphatidylserine exposed on their surface but the effects of this interaction on MVEC functions are not known. We hypothesized that EV would inhibit angiogenic MVEC functions via CD36. APPROACH AND RESULTS EV generated in vitro from various cell types or isolated from plasma inhibited MVEC tube formation in in vitro matrigel assays and endothelial cell migration in Boyden chamber assays. Exosomes derived from the same cells did not have inhibitory activity. Inhibition of migration required endothelial cell expression of CD36. In mouse in vivo matrigel plug assays, EV inhibited cell migration into matrigel plugs in wild type but not in cd36 null animals. Annexin V, an anionic phospholipid binding protein, when incubated with EV partially reversed inhibition of migration, suggesting a phosphatidylserine-dependent effect. EV exposure induced reactive oxygen species generation in MVEC in a NADPH oxidase and Src family kinase-dependent manner, and their inhibition by apocynin and PP2, respectively, partially reversed the EV-mediated inhibition of migration. Annexin V partially reversed EV-induced reactive oxygen species generation in murine CD36 cDNA-transfected HVUEC but not in CD36-negative human umbilical vein endothelial cell. CONCLUSIONS These studies establish a general inhibitory effect of EV on endothelial cell proangiogenic responses and identify a CD36-mediated mechanistic pathway through which EV inhibit MVEC migration and tube formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devi Prasadh Ramakrishnan
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (D.P.R.); Laboratory of Vascular Pathobiology, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (D.P.R., Y.C., R.L.S.); Department of Rheumatologic and Immunologic Disease, Orthopedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH (R.A.H.-A.); and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (R.L.S.)
| | - Rula A Hajj-Ali
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (D.P.R.); Laboratory of Vascular Pathobiology, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (D.P.R., Y.C., R.L.S.); Department of Rheumatologic and Immunologic Disease, Orthopedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH (R.A.H.-A.); and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (R.L.S.)
| | - Yiliang Chen
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (D.P.R.); Laboratory of Vascular Pathobiology, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (D.P.R., Y.C., R.L.S.); Department of Rheumatologic and Immunologic Disease, Orthopedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH (R.A.H.-A.); and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (R.L.S.)
| | - Roy L Silverstein
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (D.P.R.); Laboratory of Vascular Pathobiology, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (D.P.R., Y.C., R.L.S.); Department of Rheumatologic and Immunologic Disease, Orthopedic and Rheumatologic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH (R.A.H.-A.); and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (R.L.S.).
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41
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New molecular insights in diabetic nephropathy. Int Urol Nephrol 2016; 48:373-87. [PMID: 26759327 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-015-1203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus represents one of the major causes of functional kidney impairment. The review highlights the most significant steps made over the last decades in understanding the molecular basis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), which may provide reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis, along with new molecular targets for personalized medicine. There is an increased interest in developing new therapeutic strategies to slow DN progression for improving patients' quality of life and reducing all-cause morbidity and disease-associated mortality. It is highly important to have a science-based medical attitude when facing diabetic patients with associated comorbidities and risk of rapid evolution toward end-stage renal disease. The data discussed herein were mainly from MEDLINE and PubMed articles published in English from 1990 to 2015 and from up-to-date. The search term was "diabetic nephropathy and oxidative stress".
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42
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Chistiakov DA, Bobryshev YV, Orekhov AN. Neutrophil's weapons in atherosclerosis. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:663-71. [PMID: 26551083 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are important components of immunity associated with inflammatory responses against a broad spectrum of pathogens. These cells could be rapidly activated by proinflammatory stimuli and migrate to the inflamed and infected sites where they release a variety of cytotoxic molecules with antimicrobial activity. Neutrophil antibacterial factors include extracellular proteases, redox enzymes, antimicrobial peptides, and small bioactive molecules. In resting neutrophils, these factors are stored in granules and released upon activation during degranulation. These factors could be also secreted in a neutrophil-derived microparticle-dependent fashion. Neutrophils exhibit a unique property to produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) composed of decondensed chromatin and granular proteins to catch and kill bacteria. Neutrophil-released factors are efficient in inactivation and elimination of pathogens through oxidation-dependent or independent damage of bacterial cells, inactivation and neutralization of virulence factors and other mechanisms. However, in chronic atherosclerosis-associated inflammation, protective function of neutrophils could be impaired and misdirected against own cells. This could lead to deleterious effects and progressive vascular injury. In atherogenesis, a pathogenic role of neutrophils could be especially seen in early stages associated with endothelial dysfunction and induction of vascular inflammation and in late atherosclerosis associated with plaque rupture and atherothrombosis. Assuming a prominent impact of neutrophils in cardiovascular pathology, developing therapeutic strategies targeting neutrophil-specific antigens could have a promising clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry A Chistiakov
- Department of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics and Cell Biology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Research Center for Children's Health, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri V Bobryshev
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 121609, Russia.
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 121609, Russia; Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia; Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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43
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SYK is a target of lymphocyte-derived microparticles in the induction of apoptosis of human retinoblastoma cells. Apoptosis 2015; 20:1613-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1177-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Zhou BD, Guo G, Zheng LM, Zu LY, Gao W. Microparticles as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in coronary heart disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2015; 128:267-72. [PMID: 25591573 PMCID: PMC4837849 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.149231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ling-Yun Zu
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Yang C, Xiong W, Qiu Q, Tahiri H, Gagnon C, Liu G, Hardy P. Generation of lymphocytic microparticles and detection of their proapoptotic effect on airway epithelial cells. J Vis Exp 2015:e52651. [PMID: 25742309 DOI: 10.3791/52651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in the biological roles of cell membrane-derived vesicles in cell-cell communication has increased in recent years. Microparticles (MPs) are one such type of vesicles, ranging in diameter from 0.1 μm to 1 μm, and typically shed from the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells undergoing activation or apoptosis. Here we describe the generation of T lymphocyte-derived microparticles (LMPs) from apoptotic CEM T cells stimulated with actinomycin D. LMPs are isolated through a multistep differential centrifugation process and characterized using flow cytometry. This protocol also presents an in situ cell death detection method for demonstrating the proapoptotic effect of LMPs on bronchial epithelial cells derived from mouse primary respiratory bronchial tissue explants. Methods described herein provide a reproducible procedure for isolating abundant quantities of LMPs from apoptotic lymphocytes in vitro. LMPs derived in this manner can be used to evaluate the characteristics of various disease models, and for pharmacology and toxicology testing. Given that the airway epithelium offers a protective physical and functional barrier between the external environment and underlying tissue, use of bronchial tissue explants rather than immortalized epithelial cell lines provides an effective model for investigations requiring airway tract tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Montréal
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Pulmonology, Chongqing Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Qian Qiu
- Department of Pulmonology, Chongqing Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Houda Tahiri
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Montréal
| | - Carmen Gagnon
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Montréal
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Department of Pulmonology, Chongqing Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Montréal;
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França CN, Izar MCDO, Amaral JBD, Tegani DM, Fonseca FAH. Microparticles as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Arq Bras Cardiol 2015; 104:169-74. [PMID: 25626759 PMCID: PMC4375661 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is a choice of great relevance because
of its impact on health. Some biomarkers, such as microparticles derived from
different cell populations, have been considered useful in the assessment of
cardiovascular disease. Microparticles are released by the membrane structures of
different cell types upon activation or apoptosis, and are present in the plasma of
healthy individuals (in levels considered physiological) and in patients with
different pathologies. Many studies have suggested an association between
microparticles and different pathological conditions, mainly the relationship with
the development of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the effects of different
lipid-lowering therapies have been described in regard to measurement of
microparticles. The studies are still controversial regarding the levels of
microparticles that can be considered pathological. In addition, the methodologies
used still vary, suggesting the need for standardization of the different protocols
applied, aiming at using microparticles as biomarkers in clinical practice.
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Musante L, Tataruch DE, Holthofer H. Use and isolation of urinary exosomes as biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:149. [PMID: 25309511 PMCID: PMC4176463 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes represents a major threat to public health and the number of patients is increasing alarmingly in the global scale. Particularly, the diabetic kidney disease (nephropathy, DN) together with its cardiovascular complications cause immense human suffering, highly increased risk of premature deaths, and lead to huge societal costs. DN is first detected when protein appears in urine (microalbuminuria). As in other persisting proteinuric diseases (like vasculitis) it heralds irreversible damage of kidney functions up to non-functional (end-stage) kidney and ultimately calls for kidney replacement therapy (dialysis or kidney transplantation). While remarkable progress has been made in understanding the genetic and molecular factors associating with chronic kidney diseases, breakthroughs are still missing to provide comprehensive understanding of events and mechanisms associated. Non-invasive diagnostic tools for early diagnostics of kidney damage are badly needed. Exosomes - small vesicular structures present in urine are released by all cell types along kidney structures to present with distinct surface assembly. Furthermore, exosomes carry a load of special proteins and nucleic acids. This "cargo" faithfully reflects the physiological state of their respective cells of origin and appears to serve as a new pathway for downstream signaling to target cells. Accordingly, exosome vesicles are emerging as a valuable source for disease stage-specific information and as fingerprints of disease progression. Unfortunately, technical issues of exosome isolation are challenging and, thus, their full potential remains untapped. Here, we review the molecular basis of exosome secretion as well as their use to reveal events along the nephron. In addition to novel molecular information, the new methods provide the needed accurate, personalized, non-invasive, and inexpensive future diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Musante
- Centre for BioAnalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dorota Ewa Tataruch
- Centre for BioAnalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Harry Holthofer
- Centre for BioAnalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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Larson MC, Hillery CA, Hogg N. Circulating membrane-derived microvesicles in redox biology. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 73:214-28. [PMID: 24751526 PMCID: PMC4465756 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Microparticles or microvesicles (MVs) are subcellular membrane blebs shed from all cells in response to various stimuli. MVs carry a battery of signaling molecules, many of them related to redox-regulated processes. The role of MVs, either as a cause or as a result of cellular redox signaling, has been increasingly recognized over the past decade. This is in part due to advances in flow cytometry and its detection of MVs. Notably, recent studies have shown that circulating MVs from platelets and endothelial cells drive reactive species-dependent angiogenesis; circulating MVs in cancer alter the microenvironment and enhance invasion through horizontal transfer of mutated proteins and nucleic acids and harbor redox-regulated matrix metalloproteinases and procoagulative surface molecules; and circulating MVs from red blood cells and other cells modulate cell-cell interactions through scavenging or production of nitric oxide and other free radicals. Although our recognition of MVs in redox-related processes is growing, especially in the vascular biology field, much remains unknown regarding the various biologic and pathologic functions of MVs. Like reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, MVs were originally believed to have a solely pathological role in biology. And like our understanding of reactive species, it is now clear that MVs also play an important role in normal growth, development, and homeostasis. We are just beginning to understand how MVs are involved in various biological processes-developmental, homeostatic, and pathological-and the role of MVs in redox signaling is a rich and exciting area of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Craig Larson
- Department of Biophysics and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Cheryl A Hillery
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Children's Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Neil Hogg
- Department of Biophysics and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Yang C, Xiong W, Qiu Q, Tahiri H, Superstein R, Carret AS, Sapieha P, Hardy P. Anti-proliferative and anti-tumour effects of lymphocyte-derived microparticles are neither species- nor tumour-type specific. J Extracell Vesicles 2014; 3:23034. [PMID: 24834146 PMCID: PMC4017619 DOI: 10.3402/jev.v3.23034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unregulated cell proliferation or growth is a prominent characteristic of cancer. We have previously demonstrated that LMPs (cell membrane microparticles derived from apoptotic human CEM T lymphoma cells stimulated with actinomycin D) strongly suppress the proliferation of not only human endothelial cells but also mouse Lewis lung carcinoma cells. METHODS LMPs were generated either from CEM T cells using different stimuli or from 3 different types of lymphocytes. The effects of LMPs on cancer cell proliferation were examined using cell lines from different species and tissues. The cell cycle kinetics was evaluated by FACS and the expression of cell cycle-related genes was determined using quantitative RT-PCR. The in vivo anti-tumor effect of LMPs was investigated using xenografts and allografts. RESULTS LMPs at doses far above physiological levels dramatically suppressed the proliferation of cancer cells in a non species-specific manner. LMPs selectively target high proliferating cells and their anti-proliferative effect is not dependent on parental cell origin or stimuli. The anti-proliferative effect of LMPs was due to induction of cell-cycle arrest in G0/G1, with associated increases in expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p15(INK4b), p16(INK4a), and p21(Cip1). In vivo, LMPs significantly suppressed tumor growth in animal tumor models. CONCLUSION These results highlight the potential role of LMPs in modulating the growth of high proliferating cells. Given that cell-based therapies are considered less toxic than pharmacologic approaches and have the potential to target multiple pathways in a synergistic manner, LMPs may serve as a veritable option for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Pulmonology, Chongqing Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Qiu
- Department of Pulmonology, Chongqing Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Houda Tahiri
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rosanne Superstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Carret
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Przemyslaw Sapieha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Lymphocyte-derived microparticles induce apoptosis of airway epithelial cells through activation of p38 MAPK and production of arachidonic acid. Apoptosis 2014; 19:1113-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-0993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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