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Jheng JR, Bai Y, Noda K, Huot JR, Cook T, Fisher A, Chen YY, Goncharov DA, Goncharova EA, Simon MA, Zhang Y, Forman DE, Rojas M, Machado RF, Auwerx J, Gladwin MT, Lai YC. Skeletal Muscle SIRT3 Deficiency Contributes to Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circulation 2024; 150:867-883. [PMID: 38804138 PMCID: PMC11384544 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.124.068624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a major complication linked to adverse outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), yet no specific therapies exist for PH associated with HFpEF (PH-HFpEF). We have recently reported on the role of skeletal muscle SIRT3 (sirtuin-3) in modulation of PH-HFpEF, suggesting a novel endocrine signaling pathway for skeletal muscle modulation of pulmonary vascular remodeling. METHODS Using skeletal muscle-specific Sirt3 knockout mice (Sirt3skm-/-) and mass spectrometry-based comparative secretome analysis, we attempted to define the processes by which skeletal muscle SIRT3 defects affect pulmonary vascular health in PH-HFpEF. RESULTS Sirt3skm-/- mice exhibited reduced pulmonary vascular density accompanied by pulmonary vascular proliferative remodeling and elevated pulmonary pressures. Comparative analysis of secretome by mass spectrometry revealed elevated secretion levels of LOXL2 (lysyl oxidase homolog 2) in SIRT3-deficient skeletal muscle cells. Elevated circulation and protein expression levels of LOXL2 were also observed in plasma and skeletal muscle of Sirt3skm-/- mice, a rat model of PH-HFpEF, and humans with PH-HFpEF. In addition, expression levels of CNPY2 (canopy fibroblast growth factor signaling regulator 2), a known proliferative and angiogenic factor, were increased in pulmonary artery endothelial cells and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of Sirt3skm-/- mice and animal models of PH-HFpEF. CNPY2 levels were also higher in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of subjects with obesity compared with nonobese subjects. Moreover, treatment with recombinant LOXL2 protein promoted pulmonary artery endothelial cell migration/proliferation and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation through regulation of CNPY2-p53 signaling. Last, skeletal muscle-specific Loxl2 deletion decreased pulmonary artery endothelial cell and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell expression of CNPY2 and improved pulmonary pressures in mice with high-fat diet-induced PH-HFpEF. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a systemic pathogenic impact of skeletal muscle SIRT3 deficiency in remote pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH-HFpEF. This study suggests a new endocrine signaling axis that links skeletal muscle health and SIRT3 deficiency to remote CNPY2 regulation in the pulmonary vasculature through myokine LOXL2. Our data also identify skeletal muscle SIRT3, myokine LOXL2, and CNPY2 as potential targets for the treatment of PH-HFpEF.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Sirtuin 3/metabolism
- Sirtuin 3/deficiency
- Sirtuin 3/genetics
- Heart Failure/metabolism
- Heart Failure/physiopathology
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/pathology
- Heart Failure/etiology
- Vascular Remodeling
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice
- Humans
- Stroke Volume
- Male
- Rats
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rong Jheng
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Yang Bai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang (Y.B.)
| | - Kentaro Noda
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (K.N.)
| | - Joshua R Huot
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology (J.R.H., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Todd Cook
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Amanda Fisher
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Yi-Yun Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-Y.C.)
| | - Dmitry A Goncharov
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis (D.A.G., E.A.G.)
| | - Elena A Goncharova
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis (D.A.G., E.A.G.)
| | - Marc A Simon
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco (M.A.S.)
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (Y.Z.), University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Daniel E Forman
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Geriatrics and Cardiology (D.E.F.), University of Pittsburgh, PA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, PA (D.E.F.)
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus (M.R.)
| | - Roberto F Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology (J.R.H., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland (J.A.)
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore (M.T.G.)
| | - Yen-Chun Lai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology (J.R.H., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
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2
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Wasik A, Podhorska-Okolow M, Dziegiel P, Piotrowska A, Kulus MJ, Kmiecik A, Ratajczak-Wielgomas K. Correlation between Periostin Expression and Pro-Angiogenic Factors in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma. Cells 2024; 13:1406. [PMID: 39272978 PMCID: PMC11394527 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of periostin (POSTN) in remodeling the microenvironment surrounding solid tumors and its effect on the tumor cells in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) have not yet been fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between POSTN expression (in tumor cells [NSCLC cells] and the tumor stroma) and pro-angiogenic factors (CD31, CD34, CD105, and VEGF-A) and microvascular density (MVD) in NSCLC. In addition, these associations were analyzed in individual histological subtypes of NSCLC (SCC, AC, and LCC) and their correlations with clinicopathological factors and prognosis were examined. Immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays (TMAs) was used to assess the expression of POSTN (in tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts [CAFs]) and the pro-angiogenic factors. A significant positive correlation was found between the expression of POSTN (in cancer cells/CAFs) and the expression of the analyzed pro-angiogenic factors (CD31, CD34, CD105, and VEGF-A) and MVD in the entire population of patients with NSCLC and individual histological subtypes (AC, SCC). In addition, this study found that POSTN expression (in tumor cells/CAFs) increased with tumor size (pT), histopathological grade (G), and lymph-node involvement (pN). In addition, a high expression of POSTN (in tumor cells and CAFs) was associated with shorter survival among patients with NSCLC. In conclusion, a high expression of POSTN (in cancer cells and CAFs) may be crucial for angiogenesis and NSCLC progression and can constitute an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Wasik
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Human Biology, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michal Jerzy Kulus
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Kmiecik
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ratajczak-Wielgomas
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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3
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Mezentsev A, Durymanov M, Makarov VA. A Comprehensive Review of Protein Biomarkers for Invasive Lung Cancer. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:4818-4854. [PMID: 39329988 PMCID: PMC11431409 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31090360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis are important hallmarks of lung cancer, and affect patients' survival. Early diagnostics of metastatic potential are important for treatment management. Recent findings suggest that the transition to an invasive phenotype causes changes in the expression of 700-800 genes. In this context, the biomarkers restricted to the specific type of cancer, like lung cancer, are often overlooked. Some well-known protein biomarkers correlate with the progression of the disease and the immunogenicity of the tumor. Most of these biomarkers are not exclusive to lung cancer because of their significant role in tumorigenesis. The dysregulation of others does not necessarily indicate cell invasiveness, as they play an active role in cell division. Clinical studies of lung cancer use protein biomarkers to assess the invasiveness of cancer cells for therapeutic purposes. However, there is still a need to discover new biomarkers for lung cancer. In the future, minimally invasive techniques, such as blood or saliva analyses, may be sufficient for this purpose. Many researchers suggest unconventional biomarkers, like circulating nucleic acids, exosomal proteins, and autoantibodies. This review paper aims to discuss the advantages and limitations of protein biomarkers of invasiveness in lung cancer, to assess their prognostic value, and propose novel biomarker candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Mezentsev
- Medical Informatics Laboratory, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, 173003 Veliky Novgorod, Russia
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, 109029 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Durymanov
- Medical Informatics Laboratory, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, 173003 Veliky Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Makarov
- Medical Informatics Laboratory, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, 173003 Veliky Novgorod, Russia
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4
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Lee D, Lee H, Jo HN, Yun E, Kwon BS, Kim J, Lee A. Endothelial periostin regulates vascular remodeling by promoting endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:1-14. [PMID: 38186856 PMCID: PMC10769143 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2023.2300437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vascular remodeling associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, vascular cell hyperproliferation, and neointima formation in the small pulmonary artery. Endothelial dysfunction is considered a key feature in the initiation of vascular remodeling. Although vasodilators have been used for the treatment of PAH, it remains a life-threatening disease. Therefore, it is necessary to identify novel therapeutic targets for PAH treatment. Periostin (POSTN) is a secretory ECM protein involved in physiological and pathological processes, such as tissue remodeling, cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Although POSTN has been proposed as a potential target for PAH treatment, its role in endothelial cells has not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that POSTN upregulation correlates with PAH by analyzing a public microarray conducted on the lung tissues of patients with PAH and biological experimental results from in vivo and in vitro models. Moreover, POSTN overexpression leads to ECM deposition and endothelial abnormalities such as migration. We found that PAH-associated endothelial dysfunction is mediated at least in part by the interaction between POSTN and integrin-linked protein kinase (ILK), followed by activation of nuclear factor-κB signaling. Silencing POSTN or ILK decreases PAH-related stimuli-induced ECM accumulation and attenuates endothelial abnormalities. In conclusion, our study suggests that POSTN serves as a critical regulator of PAH by regulating vascular remodeling, and targeting its role as a potential therapeutic strategy for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Lee
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyoung Lee
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-neul Jo
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsik Yun
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Su Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Lee
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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5
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Cerdà P, Castillo SD, Aguilera C, Iriarte A, Rocamora JL, Larrinaga AM, Viñals F, Graupera M, Riera-Mestre A. New genetic drivers in hemorrhagic hereditary telangiectasia. Eur J Intern Med 2024; 119:99-108. [PMID: 37689549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare vascular disease inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Disease-causing variants in endoglin (ENG) and activin A receptor type II-like 1 (ACVRL1) genes are detected in around 90% of the patients; also 2% of patients harbor pathogenic variants at SMAD4 and GDF2. Importantly, the genetic cause of 8% of patients with clinical HHT remains unknown. Here, we present new putative genetic drivers of HHT. METHODS To identify new HHT genetic drivers, we performed exome sequencing of 19 HHT patients and relatives with unknown HHT genetic etiology. We applied a multistep filtration strategy to catalog deleterious variants and prioritize gene candidates based on their known relevance in endothelial cell biology. Additionally, we performed in vitro validation of one of the identified variants. RESULTS We identified variants in the INHA, HIF1A, JAK2, DNM2, POSTN, ANGPTL4, FOXO1 and SMAD6 genes as putative drivers in HHT. We have identified the SMAD6 p.(Glu407Lys) variant in one of the families; this is a loss-of-function variant leading to the activation of the BMP/TGFβ signaling in endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Variants in these genes should be considered for genetic testing in patients with HHT phenotype and negative for ACVRL1/ENG mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Cerdà
- HHT Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra D Castillo
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cinthia Aguilera
- HHT Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Genetics Laboratory, Laboratori Clínic Territorial Metropolitana Sud, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Adriana Iriarte
- HHT Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Rocamora
- HHT Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Molecular Signaling Group, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ane M Larrinaga
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Francesc Viñals
- Molecular Signaling Group, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Institut Catala d'Oncologia (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera-Mestre
- HHT Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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6
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Li R, Wang W, Qiu X, He M, Tang X, Zhong M. Periostin promotes extensive neovascularization in placenta accreta spectrum disorders via Notch signaling. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2264447. [PMID: 37806775 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2264447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extensive neovascularization, closely linked to massive intraoperative blood loss, is a pathological hallmark of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) cases. This study aims to explore proteins related to neovascularization and elucidate their regulatory roles in PAS, enhancing our understanding of this condition. METHODS The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation technique were used to identify and quantify the differentially expressed proteins in placentas from PAS and healthy pregnant women. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis were conducted to determine the protein expression and localization. Gain-of-function experiments were used to conduct cell proliferation and migration assays. In addition, the tube formation assay was performed to evaluate angiogenesis in vitro. The Notch inhibitor DAPT was used to determine the involvement of Notch signaling in angiogenesis in PAS. RESULTS Periostin (POSTN) exhibited higher expression in PAS placentas than in normal placentas. Moreover, the overexpression of POSTN in endothelial cells promoted cell proliferation, mobility, and endothelial angiogenesis via the Notch signaling pathway in vitro. CONCLUSION Elevated POSTN expression in PAS is associated with increased angiogenesis, indicating its potential as a molecular marker for significant intraoperative blood loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Wan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xia Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Mei He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaoqin Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Mei Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Bhutada S, Tran-Lundmark K, Kramer B, Conner P, Lowry AM, Blackstone E, Frenckner B, Mesas-Burgos C, Apte SS. Identification of protein biomarkers associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia in human amniotic fluid. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15483. [PMID: 37726509 PMCID: PMC10509251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe birth defect frequently associated with pulmonary hypoplasia, pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure. Since amniotic fluid comprises proteins of both fetal and maternal origin, its analysis could provide insights on mechanisms underlying CDH and provide biomarkers for early diagnosis, severity of pulmonary changes and treatment response. The study objective was to identify proteomic changes in amniotic fluid consistently associated with CDH. Amniotic fluid was obtained at term (37-39 weeks) from women with normal pregnancies (n = 5) or carrying fetuses with CDH (n = 5). After immuno-depletion of the highest abundance proteins, off-line fractionation and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry were performed and quantitative differences between the proteomes of the groups were determined. Of 1036 proteins identified, 218 were differentially abundant. Bioinformatics analysis showed significant changes in GP6 signaling, in the MSP-RON signaling in macrophages pathway and in networks associated with cardiovascular system development and function, connective tissue disorders and dermatological conditions. Differences in selected proteins, namely pulmonary surfactant protein B, osteopontin, kallikrein 5 and galectin-3 were validated by orthogonal testing using ELISA in larger cohorts and showed statistically significant differences aiding in the diagnosis and prediction of CDH. The findings provide potential tools for clinical management of CDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Bhutada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-ND20, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Karin Tran-Lundmark
- Department of Experimental Medical Science and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- The Pediatric Heart Center, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Kramer
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Peter Conner
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ashley M Lowry
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Eugene Blackstone
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bjorn Frenckner
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carmen Mesas-Burgos
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-ND20, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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8
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Mamazhakypov A, Maripov A, Sarybaev AS, Schermuly RT, Sydykov A. Osteopontin in Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051385. [PMID: 37239056 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathological condition with multifactorial etiology, which is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that circulating osteopontin may serve as a biomarker of PH progression, severity, and prognosis, as well as an indicator of maladaptive right ventricular remodeling and dysfunction. Moreover, preclinical studies in rodent models have implicated osteopontin in PH pathogenesis. Osteopontin modulates a plethora of cellular processes within the pulmonary vasculature, including cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, extracellular matrix synthesis, and inflammation via binding to various receptors such as integrins and CD44. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of osteopontin regulation and its impact on pulmonary vascular remodeling, as well as consider research issues required for the development of therapeutics targeting osteopontin as a potential strategy for the management of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Abdirashit Maripov
- Department of Mountain and Sleep Medicine and Pulmonary Hypertension, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek 720040, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Akpay S Sarybaev
- Department of Mountain and Sleep Medicine and Pulmonary Hypertension, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek 720040, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Akylbek Sydykov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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9
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Engelbrecht E, Kooistra T, Knipe RS. The Vasculature in Pulmonary Fibrosis. CURRENT TISSUE MICROENVIRONMENT REPORTS 2022; 3:83-97. [PMID: 36712832 PMCID: PMC9881604 DOI: 10.1007/s43152-022-00040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The current paradigm of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) pathogenesis involves recurrent injury to a sensitive alveolar epithelium followed by impaired repair responses marked by fibroblast activation and deposition of extracellular matrix. Multiple cell types are involved in this response with potential roles suggested by advances in single-cell RNA sequencing and lung developmental biology. Notably, recent work has better characterized the cell types present in the pulmonary endothelium and identified vascular changes in patients with IPF. Recent Findings Lung tissue from patients with IPF has been examined at single-cell resolution, revealing reductions in lung capillary cells and expansion of a population of vascular cells expressing markers associated with bronchial endothelium. In addition, pre-clinical models have demonstrated a fundamental role for aging and vascular permeability in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Summary Mounting evidence suggests that the endothelium undergoes changes in the context of fibrosis, and these changes may contribute to the development and/or progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Additional studies will be needed to further define the functional role of these vascular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tristan Kooistra
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rachel S. Knipe
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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El-Adili F, Lui JK, Najem M, Farina G, Trojanowska M, Sam F, Bujor AM. Periostin overexpression in scleroderma cardiac tissue and its utility as a marker for disease complications. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:251. [PMID: 36369212 PMCID: PMC9650849 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02943-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the levels of periostin in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and their association with features of systemic sclerosis. METHODS The levels of periostin were assessed in the serum of 106 SSc patients and 22 healthy controls and by immunofluorescence staining in cardiac tissue from 4 SSc patients and 4 controls. Serum periostin was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test or Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's multiple comparisons tests and Spearman's test for correlations. Cardiac tissue from SSc patients and controls was stained for periostin and co-stained for periostin and collagen type I using immunofluorescence. RESULTS Periostin levels were higher in patients with SSc compared to controls and directly correlated to modified Rodnan skin score and echocardiography parameters of left ventricular measurements. Immunofluorescence staining in SSc cardiac tissue showed patchy periostin expression in all SSc patients, but not in controls. Furthermore, there was extensive periostin expression even in areas without collagen deposition, while all established fibrotic areas showed colocalization of collagen and periostin. There was no association between periostin levels and interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension or other vascular complications. CONCLUSION Periostin is elevated in SSc cardiac tissue in vivo and circulating levels of periostin are increased in SSc, correlating with the extent of disease duration, degree of skin fibrosis, and left ventricular structural assessments. Periostin may be a potential biomarker that can provide further pathogenic insight into cardiac fibrosis in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima El-Adili
- Division of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University, 72 E Concord St, Evans 501, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Justin K Lui
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mortada Najem
- Division of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giuseppina Farina
- Division of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University, 72 E Concord St, Evans 501, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Maria Trojanowska
- Division of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University, 72 E Concord St, Evans 501, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Flora Sam
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andreea M Bujor
- Division of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University, 72 E Concord St, Evans 501, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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11
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Li H, Yuan W, Chen Y, Lin B, Wang S, Deng Z, Zheng Q, Li Q. Transcription and proteome changes involved in re-innervation muscle following nerve crush in rats. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:666. [PMID: 36131238 PMCID: PMC9494802 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08895-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe peripheral nerve injury leads to the irreparable disruption of nerve fibers. This leads to disruption of synapses with the designated muscle, which consequently go through progressive atrophy and damage of muscle function. The molecular mechanism that underlies the re-innervation process has yet to be evaluated using proteomics or transcriptomics. In the present study, multi-dimensional data were therefore integrated with transcriptome and proteome profiles in order to investigate the mechanism of re-innervation in muscles. Two simulated nerve injury muscle models in the rat tibial nerve were compared: the nerve was either cut (denervated, DN group) or crushed but with the nerve sheath intact (re-innervated, RN group). The control group had a preserved and intact tibial nerve. At 4 weeks, the RN group showed better tibial nerve function and recovery of muscle atrophy compared to the DN group. As the high expression of Myh3, Postn, Col6a1 and Cfi, the RN group demonstrated superior re-innervation as well. Both differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and proteins (DEPs) were enriched in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) signaling pathway, as well as the energy metabolism. This study provides basic information regarding DEGs and DEPs during re-innervation-induced muscle atrophy. Furthermore, the crucial genes and proteins can be detected as possible treatment targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanqiong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bofu Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhantao Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiujian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingtian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106, Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wasik A, Ratajczak-Wielgomas K, Badzinski A, Dziegiel P, Podhorska-Okolow M. The Role of Periostin in Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174225. [PMID: 36077762 PMCID: PMC9454705 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancers are common diseases that affect people of all ages worldwide. For this reason, continuous attempts are being made to improve current therapeutic options. The formation of metastases significantly decreases patient survival. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that are involved in this process seems to be crucial for effective cancer therapy. Cancer dissemination occurs mainly through blood and lymphatic vessels. As a result, many scientists have conducted a number of studies on the formation of new vessels. Many studies have shown that proangiogenic factors and the extracellular matrix protein, i.e., periostin, may be important in tumor angio- and lymphangiogenesis, thus contributing to metastasis formation and worsening of the prognosis. Abstract Periostin (POSTN) is a protein that is part of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and which significantly affects the control of intracellular signaling pathways (PI3K-AKT, FAK) through binding integrin receptors (αvβ3, αvβ5, α6β4). In addition, increased POSTN expression enhances the expression of VEGF family growth factors and promotes Erk phosphorylation. As a result, this glycoprotein controls the Erk/VEGF pathway. Therefore, it plays a crucial role in the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels, which may be significant in the process of metastasis. Moreover, POSTN is involved in the proliferation, progression, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. Its increased expression has been detected in many cancers, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma and glioblastoma. Many studies have shown that this protein may be an independent prognostic and predictive factor in many cancers, which may influence the choice of optimal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Wasik
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ratajczak-Wielgomas
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Arkadiusz Badzinski
- Silesian Nanomicroscopy Center, Silesia LabMed: Research and Implementation Center, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Human Biology, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marzenna Podhorska-Okolow
- Department of Human Biology, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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13
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Periostin Augments Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification via β-Catenin Signaling. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081157. [PMID: 36009051 PMCID: PMC9405747 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Medial vascular calcification is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is closely linked to hyperphosphatemia. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can take up pro-calcific properties and actively augment vascular calcification. Various pro-inflammatory mediators are able to promote VSMC calcification. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of periostin, a matricellular signaling protein, in calcifying human VSMCs and human serum samples. As a result, periostin induced the mRNA expression of pro-calcific markers in VSMCs. Furthermore, periostin augmented the effects of β-glycerophosphate on the expression of pro-calcific markers and aggravated the calcification of VSMCs. A periostin treatment was associated with an increased β-catenin abundance as well as the expression of target genes. The pro-calcific effects of periostin were ameliorated by WNT/β-catenin pathway inhibitors. Moreover, a co-treatment with an integrin αvβ3-blocking antibody blunted the pro-calcific effects of periostin. The silencing of periostin reduced the effects of β-glycerophosphate on the expression of pro-calcific markers and the calcification of VSMCs. Elevated serum periostin levels were observed in hemodialysis patients compared with healthy controls. These observations identified periostin as an augmentative factor in VSMC calcification. The pro-calcific effects of periostin involve integrin αvβ3 and the activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Thus, the inhibition of periostin may be beneficial to reduce the burden of vascular calcification in CKD patients.
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14
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Yoshida T, Nagaoka T, Nagata Y, Suzuki Y, Tsutsumi T, Kuriyama S, Watanabe J, Togo S, Takahashi F, Matsushita M, Joki Y, Konishi H, Nunomura S, Izuhara K, Conway SJ, Takahashi K. Periostin-related progression of different types of experimental pulmonary hypertension: A role for M2 macrophage and FGF-2 signalling. Respirology 2022; 27:529-538. [PMID: 35318760 PMCID: PMC9313806 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Remodelling of pulmonary arteries (PA) contributes to the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Periostin, a matricellular protein, has been reported to be involved in the development of PH. We examined the role of periostin in the pathogenesis of PH using different types of experimental PH. METHODS PH was induced by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist (Sugen5416) plus hypoxic exposure (SuHx) and venous injection of monocrotaline-pyrrole (MCT-P) in wild-type (WT) and periostin-/- mice. Pulmonary haemodynamics, PA remodelling, expression of chemokines and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, accumulation of macrophages to small PA and the right ventricle (RV) were examined in PH-induced WT and periostin-/- mice. Additionally, the role of periostin in the migration of macrophages, human PA smooth muscle (HPASMCs) and endothelial cells (HPMVECs) was investigated. RESULTS In PH induced by SuHx and MCT-P, PH and accumulation of M2 macrophage to small PA were attenuated in periostin-/- mice. PA remodelling post-SuHx treatment was also mild in periostin-/- mice compared to WT mice. Expression of macrophage-associated chemokines and FGF-2 in lung tissue, and accumulation of CD68-positive cells in the RV were less in SuHx periostin-/- than in SuHx WT mice. Periostin secretion in HPASMCs and HPMVECs was enhanced by transforming growth factor-β. Periostin also augmented macrophage, HPASMCs and HPMVECs migration. Separately, serum periostin levels were significantly elevated in patients with PH compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSION Periostin is involved in the development of different types of experimental PH, and may also contribute to the pathogenesis of human PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Tetsutaro Nagaoka
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yuichi Nagata
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshifumi Suzuki
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Takeo Tsutsumi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Sachiko Kuriyama
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Junko Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Shinsaku Togo
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Fumiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Masakazu Matsushita
- Department of Internal Medicine and RheumatologyJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yusuke Joki
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hakuoh Konishi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Satoshi Nunomura
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular SciencesSaga Medical SchoolSagaJapan
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular SciencesSaga Medical SchoolSagaJapan
| | - Simon J. Conway
- Wells Center for Pediatric ResearchIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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Han Y, Wu J, Gong Z, Zhou Y, Li H, Chen Y, Qian Q. Identification and development of the novel 7-genes diagnostic signature by integrating multi cohorts based on osteoarthritis. Hereditas 2022; 159:10. [PMID: 35093162 PMCID: PMC8801091 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-022-00226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A chronic progressive degenerative joint disease, such as osteoarthritis (OA) is positively related to age. The medical economy is facing a major burden, because of the high disability rate seen in patients with OA. Therefore, to prevent and treat OA, exploring the diagnostic biomarkers of OA will be of great significance.
Methods
Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database using the RobustRankAggreg R package, and a protein–protein interaction network was constructed. The module was obtained from Cytoscape, and the four algorithms of degree, MNC, closeness, and MCC in CytoHubba were used to identify the hub genes. A diagnostic model was constructed using Support Vector Machines (SVM), and the ability of the model to predict was evaluated by other cohorts.
Results
From normal and OA samples, 136 DEGs were identified, out of which 45 were downregulated in the normal group and 91 were upregulated in the OA group. These genes were associated with the extracellular matrix-receptor interactions, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and the protein digestion and absorption pathway, as per a functional enrichment analysis. Finally, we identified the 7 hub genes (COL6A3, COL1A2, COL1A1, MMP2, COL3A1, POST, and FN1). These genes have important roles and are widely involved in the immune response, apoptosis, inflammation, and bone development. These 7 genes were used to construct a diagnostic model by SVM, and it performed well in different cohorts. Additionally, we verified the methylation expression of these hub genes.
Conclusions
The 7-genes signature can be used for the diagnosis of OA and can provide new ideas in the clinical decision-making for patients with OA.
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Sun XJ, Ma WQ, Zhu Y, Liu NF. POSTN promotes diabetic vascular calcification by interfering with autophagic flux. Cell Signal 2021; 83:109983. [PMID: 33744420 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal degradative process that is closely related to the pathogenesis of vascular calcification. Recent evidence suggests that periostin (POSTN) is a unique extracellular matrix protein that is associated with diabetic vascular complications. The aim of current study is to investigate the role of POSTN in diabetic vascular calcification and the underlying mechanisms. Results showed that POSTN was highly upregulated in both calcified arteries of diabetic rats and AGEs-BSA mediated vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification. POSTN blocked autophagic flux during the diabetic calcification process, as evidenced by increased protein expression of Beclin1, LC3-II, and P62, as well as the co-localization of LC3-II and LAMP1. Inhibition of POSTN alleviated AGEs-BSA-induced autophagic flux blockade, thereby attenuating AGEs-BSA-induced VSMC calcification. Mechanistically, the upregulation of POSTN impaired the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosome and resulted in the autophagic flux blockade in AGEs-BSA-treated VSMC. Furthermore, this autophagic blockade was intracellular ROS-dependent. In summary, this study uncovered a novel mechanism of POSTN in autophagy regulation of diabetic vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jiao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Wen-Qi Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Nai-Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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17
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Portier L, Desterke C, Chaker D, Oudrhiri N, Asgarova A, Dkhissi F, Turhan AG, Bennaceur-Griscelli A, Griscelli F. iPSC-Derived Hereditary Breast Cancer Model Reveals the BRCA1-Deleted Tumor Niche as a New Culprit in Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031227. [PMID: 33513753 PMCID: PMC7866119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression begins when cancer cells recruit tumor-associated stromal cells to produce a vascular niche, ultimately resulting in uncontrolled growth, invasion, and metastasis. It is poorly understood, though, how this process might be affected by deletions or mutations in the breast cancer type 1 susceptibility (BRCA1) gene in patients with a lifetime risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer. To model the BRCA1-deleted stroma, we first generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients carrying a germline deletion of exon 17 of the BRCA1 gene (BRCA1+/− who, based on their family histories, were at a high risk for cancer. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of these two affected family members and two normal (BRCA1+/+) individuals, we established a number of iPSC clones via non-integrating Sendai virus-based delivery of the four OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC factors. Induced mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) were generated and used as normal and pathological stromal cells. In transcriptome analyses, BRCA1+/− iMSCs exhibited a unique pro-angiogenic signature: compared to non-mutated iMSCs, they expressed high levels of HIF-1α, angiogenic factors belonging to the VEGF, PDGF, and ANGPT subfamilies showing high angiogenic potential. This was confirmed in vitro through the increased capacity to generate tube-like structures compared to BRCA1+/+ iMSCs and in vivo by a matrigel plug angiogenesis assay where the BRCA1+/− iMSCs promoted the development of an extended and organized vessel network. We also reported a highly increased migration capacity of BRCA1+/− iMSCs through an in vitro wound healing assay that correlated with the upregulation of the periostin (POSTN). Finally, we assessed the ability of both iMSCs to facilitate the engraftment of murine breast cancer cells using a xenogenic 4T1 transplant model. The co-injection of BRCA1+/− iMSCs and 4T1 breast cancer cells into mouse mammary fat pads gave rise to highly aggressive tumor growth (2-fold increase in tumor volume compared to 4T1 alone, p = 0.01283) and a higher prevalence of spontaneous metastatic spread to the lungs. Here, we report for the first time a major effect of BRCA1 haploinsufficiency on tumor-associated stroma in the context of BRCA1-associated cancers. The unique iMSC model used here was generated using patient-specific iPSCs, which opens new therapeutic avenues for the prevention and personalized treatment of BRCA1-associated hereditary breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Portier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale–UMR935/UA9, University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (L.P.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (N.O.); (A.A.); (A.G.T.); (A.B.-G.)
| | - Christophe Desterke
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale–UMR935/UA9, University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (L.P.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (N.O.); (A.A.); (A.G.T.); (A.B.-G.)
- INGESTEM, CITHERA, National IPSC Infrastructure, INSERM University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Diana Chaker
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale–UMR935/UA9, University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (L.P.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (N.O.); (A.A.); (A.G.T.); (A.B.-G.)
- INGESTEM, CITHERA, National IPSC Infrastructure, INSERM University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Noufissa Oudrhiri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale–UMR935/UA9, University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (L.P.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (N.O.); (A.A.); (A.G.T.); (A.B.-G.)
- INGESTEM, CITHERA, National IPSC Infrastructure, INSERM University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Division of Hematology, APHP-Paris Sud University Hospitals, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Afag Asgarova
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale–UMR935/UA9, University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (L.P.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (N.O.); (A.A.); (A.G.T.); (A.B.-G.)
- INGESTEM, CITHERA, National IPSC Infrastructure, INSERM University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Fatima Dkhissi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1082, University of Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France;
| | - Ali G. Turhan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale–UMR935/UA9, University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (L.P.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (N.O.); (A.A.); (A.G.T.); (A.B.-G.)
- INGESTEM, CITHERA, National IPSC Infrastructure, INSERM University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Division of Hematology, APHP-Paris Sud University Hospitals, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Faculty of Medecine, University Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Annelise Bennaceur-Griscelli
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale–UMR935/UA9, University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (L.P.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (N.O.); (A.A.); (A.G.T.); (A.B.-G.)
- INGESTEM, CITHERA, National IPSC Infrastructure, INSERM University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Division of Hematology, APHP-Paris Sud University Hospitals, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Faculty of Medecine, University Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Frank Griscelli
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale–UMR935/UA9, University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France; (L.P.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (N.O.); (A.A.); (A.G.T.); (A.B.-G.)
- INGESTEM, CITHERA, National IPSC Infrastructure, INSERM University Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Département de Biologie Médicale et Pathologie Médicales, Service de microbiologie, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Faculté de la Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-4211-5193; Fax: 33-1-4559-3718
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Jia YY, Yu Y, Li HJ. The research status and prospect of Periostin in chronic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2020; 42:1166-1172. [PMID: 33241962 PMCID: PMC7717610 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2020.1846562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous accumulation of extracellular matrix will eventually lead to glomerular sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy and vascular sclerosis, which are involved in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). If these processes can be discovered early and effective interventions given in time, the progression of kidney disease may be delayed. Therefore, exploring new biomarkers and therapeutic targets that can identify CKD at an early stage is urgently needed. In recent years, studies have shown that urine periostin may be used as a marker of early renal tubular injury. And in an animal model experiment of hypertensive nephropathy, periostin is involved in the progression of kidney injury and reflects its progression. Here we review the current progress on the role of periostin in pathologic pathways of kidney system to explore whether periostin is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-yuan Jia
- Department of Health Management Medical Center, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong -jun Li
- Department of Health Management Medical Center, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Paul B Yu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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20
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Seki M, Furukawa N, Koitabashi N, Obokata M, Conway SJ, Arakawa H, Kurabayashi M. Periostin-expressing cell-specific transforming growth factor-β inhibition in pulmonary artery prevents pulmonary arterial hypertension. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220795. [PMID: 31437169 PMCID: PMC6705784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) has been shown to play a critical role in pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) although the precise role of TGF-β signaling remains uncertain. A recent report has shown that periostin (Pn) is one of the most upregulated proteins in human PAH lung compared with healthy lungs. We established type I TGF-β receptor knockout mice specifically with Pn expressing cell (Pn-Cre/Tgfb1fl/fl mice). Increases in PA pressure and pulmonary artery muscularization were induced by hypoxia of 10% oxygen for 4 weeks. Lung Pn expression was markedly induced by 4 week-hypoxia. Pn-Cre/Tgfb1fl/fl mice showed lower right ventricular pressure elevation, inhibition of PA medial thickening. Fluorescent co-immunostaining showed that Smad3 activation in Pn expressing cell is attenuated. These results suggest that TGF-β signaling in Pn expressing cell may have an important role in the pathogenesis of PAH by controlling medial thickening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Seki
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Nozomi Furukawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Norimichi Koitabashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masaru Obokata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Simon J. Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Hirokazu Arakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kurabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
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21
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Mura M, Cecchini MJ, Joseph M, Granton JT. Osteopontin lung gene expression is a marker of disease severity in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Respirology 2019; 24:1104-1110. [PMID: 30963672 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Osteopontin (OPN) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PA-SMC). OPN is upregulated in the lungs of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with pulmonary fibrosis, suggesting that the lung is a source of OPN. We hypothesized that OPN lung expression is elevated in Group I pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and is correlated to haemodynamics. METHODS Microarray analysis (Affymetrix) was performed after RNA was extracted from explanted lungs in 15 patients with Group I PAH who underwent lung transplantation (LTx) and 11 normal controls. PA pressure levels were recorded intraoperatively, immediately before starting LTx. Serum OPN levels were measured in subjects with PAH, Group II PH and normal controls on the day of right heart catheterization. RESULTS OPN was among the top five upregulated genes in PAH compared to normal controls, which was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). OPN expression was similar and equally elevated in different subtypes of PAH. A strong significant correlation was observed between mean pulmonary arterial pressure and OPN gene expression. Ingenuity pathway analysis showed the involvement of OPN in functions and networks relevant to angiogenesis, cell death and proliferation of PA-SMC. OPN serum levels did not differ in subjects with Group I PAH and Group II PH. CONCLUSION In the lungs of patients with severe PAH, OPN is highly expressed and the level of expression is significantly correlated to disease severity. OPN may play an important role in the vascular remodelling process of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mura
- Division of Respirology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew J Cecchini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mariamma Joseph
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - John T Granton
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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22
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Koga Y, Tsurumaki H, Aoki-Saito H, Sato M, Yatomi M, Takehara K, Hisada T. Roles of Cyclic AMP Response Element Binding Activation in the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK Signalling Pathway in Central Nervous System, Cardiovascular System, Osteoclast Differentiation and Mucin and Cytokine Production. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061346. [PMID: 30884895 PMCID: PMC6470985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many downstream targets of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling that are involved in neuronal development, cellular differentiation, cell migration, cancer, cardiovascular dysfunction and inflammation via their functions in promoting apoptosis and cell motility and regulating various cytokines. It has been reported that cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is phosphorylated and activated by cyclic AMP signalling and calcium/calmodulin kinase. Recent evidence also points to CREB phosphorylation by the MAPK signalling pathway. However, the specific roles of CREB phosphorylation in MAPK signalling have not yet been reviewed in detail. Here, we describe the recent advances in the study of this MAPK-CREB signalling axis in human diseases. Overall, the crosstalk between extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2 and p38 MAPK signalling has been shown to regulate various physiological functions, including central nervous system, cardiac fibrosis, alcoholic cardiac fibrosis, osteoclast differentiation, mucin production in the airway, vascular smooth muscle cell migration, steroidogenesis and asthmatic inflammation. In this review, we focus on ERK1/2 and/or p38 MAPK-dependent CREB activation associated with various diseases to provide insights for basic and clinical researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Koga
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 sho-wa machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Tsurumaki
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 sho-wa machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Haruka Aoki-Saito
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 sho-wa machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Makiko Sato
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 sho-wa machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Masakiyo Yatomi
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 sho-wa machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Kazutaka Takehara
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 sho-wa machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Hisada
- Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 sho-wa machi Maebashi, Gunma 371-8514, Japan.
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23
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Ho CC, Wu WT, Chen YC, Liou SH, Yet SF, Lee CH, Tsai HT, Weng CY, Tsai MH, Lin P. Identification of osteopontin as a biomarker of human exposure to fine particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:975-985. [PMID: 30682754 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure is associated with pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases; however, there is scant research linking data on animal and human cells. The objective of this study was to investigate these associations. Vascular remodeling plays a crucial role in both pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis using vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to identify potential regulators or markers of PM exposure. We demonstrated that fine and coarse PM increased VSMC proliferation in mice. We conducted a genome-wide cDNA microarray analysis, followed by a pathway analysis of VSMCs treated with coarse PM for durations of 24, 48, and 72 h. Sixteen genes were discovered to be time-dependently upregulated and involved in VSMC proliferation. Osteopontin (OPN) is indicated as one of the regulators of these upregulated genes. Both fine and coarse PM from industrial and urban areas significantly increased OPN expression in VSMCs and macrophages. Moreover, oropharyngeal instillation of fine and coarse PM for 8 weeks increased the VSMCs in the pulmonary arteries of mice. OPN level was consistently increased in the lung tissues, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serum of mice. Moreover, we analyzed the plasma OPN levels of 72 healthy participants recruited from the studied metropolitan area. Each participant wore a personal PM2.5 sampler to assess their PM2.5 exposure over a 24 h period. Our results indicate that personal exposure to fine PM is positively correlated with plasma OPN level in young adults. The data obtained in this study suggest that exposure to fine and coarse PM may cause pulmonary vascular lesions in humans and that OPN level may be a biomarker of PM exposure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Ho
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Wei-Te Wu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Saou-Hsing Liou
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Shaw-Fang Yet
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chia-Huei Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Hui-Ti Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chen-Yi Weng
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
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24
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Ye D, Zhou C, Wang S, Deng H, Shen Z. Tumor suppression effect of targeting periostin with siRNA in a nude mouse model of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 33:e22622. [PMID: 29978598 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of laryngeal carcinoma is increasing, however, the mechanism is not fully understood. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of periostin gene silencing by siRNA on tumor inhibition, in a novel nude mouse model of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and to explore possible inhibitory mechanisms. METHODS Tumors were established in nude mice by transplantation of LSCC AMC-HN-8 cell line. Forty-eight nude mice were randomly divided into groups of eight each, and treated with high (1.0 OD) or low (0.5 OD) doses of periostin-siRNA or appropriate control solutions. Tumor growth was observed and used to calculate an inhibition rate (%). Routine pathological and electron microscopic examination were used to determine tumor apoptosis and proliferation. Changes in periostin mRNA and protein levels were analyzed. RESULTS Tumor growth was significantly inhibited in mice treated by high dose periostin-siRNA compared to untreated and those treated with low dose periostin-siRNA (P < 0.05). Pathological examination showed increased tumor necrosis and apoptotic changes in treated mice, which was confirmed by electron microscopy. Periostin mRNA and protein expression were significantly reduced in tumors from mice treated with high dose periostin-siRNA, compared to controls and low-dose periostin-siRNA treatment groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Periostin silencing was associated with growth inhibition of tumor cells in a nude mouse model of LSCC. The underlying mechanism may be due to receptor-mediated induction of relevant signal transduction pathways that modulate the microenvironment needed for cancer cell survival. Periostin is expected to become a new target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chongchang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Ningbo Xiaoshi High School, Ningbo, China
| | - Hongxia Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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25
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Hypoxia promotes glioma-associated macrophage infiltration via periostin and subsequent M2 polarization by upregulating TGF-beta and M-CSFR. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80521-80542. [PMID: 27602954 PMCID: PMC5348338 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are enriched in gliomas and help create a tumor-immunosuppressive microenvironment. A distinct M2-skewed type of macrophages makes up the majority of glioma TAMs, and these cells exhibit pro-tumor functions. Gliomas contain large hypoxic areas, and the presence of a correlation between the density of M2-polarized TAMs and hypoxic areas suggests that hypoxia plays a supportive role during TAM recruitment and induction. Here, we investigated the effects of hypoxia on human macrophage recruitment and M2 polarization. We also investigated the influence of the HIF inhibitor acriflavine (ACF) on M2 TAM infiltration and tumor progression in vivo. We found that hypoxia increased periostin (POSTN) expression in glioma cells and promoted the recruitment of macrophages. Hypoxia-inducible POSTN expression was increased by TGF-α via the RTK/PI3K pathway, and this effect was blocked by treating hypoxic cells with ACF. We also demonstrated that both a hypoxic environment and hypoxia-treated glioma cell supernatants were capable of polarizing macrophages toward a M2 phenotype. ACF partially reversed the M2 polarization of macrophages by inhibiting the upregulation of M-CSFR in macrophages and TGF-β in glioma cells under hypoxic conditions. Administering ACF also ablated tumor progression in vivo. Our findings reveal a mechanism that underlies hypoxia-induced TAM enrichment and M2 polarization and suggest that pharmacologically inhibiting HIFs may reduce M2-polarized TAM infiltration and glioma progression.
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26
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Heterogeneous Periostin Expression in Different Histological Variants of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8701386. [PMID: 29435461 PMCID: PMC5757104 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8701386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Periostin (PN) epithelial and stromal overexpression in tumor pathology has been studied according to tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasiveness, and metastasis, but a limited number of studies address PN in thyroid tumors. Aim Our study aimed to analyze PN expression in different histological variants of PTC and to correlate its expression with the clinicopathological prognostic factors. Material and Methods PN expression has been immunohistochemically assessed in 50 cases of PTC (conventional, follicular, oncocytic, macrofollicular, and tall cell variants), in tumor epithelial cells and intratumoral stroma. The association between PN expression and clinicopathological characteristics has been evaluated. Results Our results show that PTC presented different patterns of PN immunoreaction, stromal PN being significantly associated with advanced tumor stage and extrathyroidal extension. No correlations were found between PN overexpression in tumor epithelial cells and clinicopathological features, except for specific histological variants, the highest risk of poor outcome being registered for the conventional subtype in comparison to the oncocytic type. Conclusions Our study demonstrates differences in PN expression in histological subtypes of PTC. Our results plead in favor of a dominant protumorigenic role of stromal PN, while the action of epithelial PN is less noticeable.
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27
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Landry NM, Cohen S, Dixon IMC. Periostin in cardiovascular disease and development: a tale of two distinct roles. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 113:1. [PMID: 29101484 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0659-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue development and homeostasis are dependent upon the concerted synthesis, maintenance, and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. Cardiac fibrosis is now recognized as a primary contributor to incidence of heart failure, particularly heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, wherein cardiac filling in diastole is compromised. Periostin is a cell-associated protein involved in cell fate determination, proliferation, tumorigenesis, and inflammatory responses. As a non-structural component of the ECM, secreted 90 kDa periostin is emerging as an important matricellular factor in cardiac mesenchymal tissue development. In addition, periostin's role as a mediator in cell-matrix crosstalk has also garnered attention for its association with fibroproliferative diseases in the myocardium, and for its association with TGF-β/BMP signaling. This review summarizes the phylogenetic history of periostin, its role in cardiac development, and the major signaling pathways influencing its expression in cardiovascular pathology. Further, we provide a synthesis of the current literature to distinguish the multiple roles of periostin in cardiac health, development and disease. As periostin may be targeted for therapeutic treatment of cardiac fibrosis, these insights may shed light on the putative timing for application of periostin-specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Landry
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Smadar Cohen
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Beersheba, Israel.,Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Ian M C Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. .,Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, R3010-351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
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Labrousse-Arias D, Martínez-Ruiz A, Calzada MJ. Hypoxia and Redox Signaling on Extracellular Matrix Remodeling: From Mechanisms to Pathological Implications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:802-822. [PMID: 28715969 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential modulator of cell behavior that influences tissue organization. It has a strong relevance in homeostasis and translational implications for human disease. In addition to ECM structural proteins, matricellular proteins are important regulators of the ECM that are involved in a myriad of different pathologies. Recent Advances: Biochemical studies, animal models, and study of human diseases have contributed to the knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in remodeling of the ECM, both in homeostasis and disease. Some of them might help in the development of new therapeutic strategies. This review aims to review what is known about some of the most studied matricellular proteins and their regulation by hypoxia and redox signaling, as well as the pathological implications of such regulation. CRITICAL ISSUES Matricellular proteins have complex regulatory functions and are modulated by hypoxia and redox signaling through diverse mechanisms, in some cases with controversial effects that can be cell or tissue specific and context dependent. Therefore, a better understanding of these regulatory processes would be of great benefit and will open new avenues of considerable therapeutic potential. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Characterizing the specific molecular mechanisms that modulate matricellular proteins in pathological processes that involve hypoxia and redox signaling warrants additional consideration to harness the potential therapeutic value of these regulatory proteins. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 802-822.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Labrousse-Arias
- 1 Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez-Ruiz
- 1 Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP) , Madrid, Spain .,2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) , Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Calzada
- 1 Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP) , Madrid, Spain .,3 Departmento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
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Ye D, Shen ZS, Qiu SJ, Li Q, Wang GL. Role and underlying mechanisms of the interstitial protein periostin in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5099-5106. [PMID: 29142596 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis are the major characteristics of malignant tumors and are complex processes involving multiple genes. Gene regulation is a precise, large and complex biological control system, and its underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Mesenchymal-specific genes are expressed primarily by mesenchymal cells, and the expression products of these genes are molecules with various structures and functions, including secreted proteins and extracellular matrix proteins. The periostin gene has been newly identified as a mesenchymal-specific gene and an extracellular-matrix secreted protein. Periostin is able to bind to various subtypes of integrin receptors on the surface of the cell membrane. This triggers relevant signal transduction pathways to alter the microenvironment of cancer cells in order to facilitate their survival, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis as well as enhance the tolerance to hypoxia and chemicals. Therefore, periostin is associated with the grade of malignancy, level of invasion and prognosis of malignant tumors. The in-depth study of periostin may provide an effective marker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis, as well as a novel treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Sen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Shi Jie Qiu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Guo Li Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
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30
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Suzaki I, Kawano S, Komiya K, Tanabe T, Akaba T, Asano K, Suzaki H, Izuhara K, Rubin BK. Inhibition of IL-13-induced periostin in airway epithelium attenuates cellular protein expression of MUC5AC. Respirology 2016; 22:93-100. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isao Suzaki
- Department of Pediatrics; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Richmond Virginia USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine; Showa University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Shuichi Kawano
- Department of Pediatrics; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Kosaku Komiya
- Department of Pediatrics; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Tanabe
- Department of Pediatrics; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Tomohiro Akaba
- Department of Pediatrics; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Kazuhito Asano
- Division of Physiology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences; Showa University; Yokohama Japan
| | - Harumi Suzaki
- Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Disease and Allergy Institute; Tokyo General Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences; Saga Medical School; Saga Japan
| | - Bruce K. Rubin
- Department of Pediatrics; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Richmond Virginia USA
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Moniuszko T, Wincewicz A, Koda M, Domysławska I, Sulkowski S. Role of periostin in esophageal, gastric and colon cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:783-787. [PMID: 27446351 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periostin, also known as osteoblast-specific factor 2, is a cell-adhesion protein with pleiotropic properties. The protein serves a vital role in the maintenance and development of tooth and bone tissue, in addition to cardiac development and healing. Periostin levels are increased in several forms of cancer, including pancreatic, ovarian, colon, lung, breast, gastric, thyroid, and esophageal head and neck carcinomas. The present review highlights the key role of periostin in tumorigenesis, particularly in increasing cell survival, invasion, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of carcinoma cells by interacting with numerous cell-surface receptors, including integrins, in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt pathway. In addition, periostin actively affects the canonical Wnt signaling pathway of colorectal tumorigenesis. The current review focused on the involvement of periostin in the development of colorectal, esophageal and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz Moniuszko
- Department of Respiratory Diagnostics and Bronchofiberoscopy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Podlaskie 15-269, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wincewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Świętokrzyskie 25-317, Poland
| | - Mariusz Koda
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Podlaskie 15-269, Poland
| | - Izabela Domysławska
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Podlaskie 15-269, Poland
| | - Stanisław Sulkowski
- Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Podlaskie 15-269, Poland
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Mitofusin 2 Downregulation Triggers Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis Imbalance in Rats With Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Via the PI3K/Akt and Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathways. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 67:164-74. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Li Z, Zhang X, Yang Y, Yang S, Dong Z, Du L, Wang L, Wang C. Periostin expression and its prognostic value for colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:12108-18. [PMID: 26023718 PMCID: PMC4490432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160612108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin is important for cell growth, invasion and metastasis, which are frequently observed in malignant tumors. The periostin (POSTN) gene encodes the ligand for integrin, one of the key focal adhesion proteins contributing to the formation of a structural link between the extracellular matrix and integrins. High expression levels of the POSTN gene are correlated with numerous human malignancies. We examined POSTN protein in colorectal cancer specimens from 115 patients by strictly following up using immunohistochemistry. Cytoplasm immunohistochemical staining showed POSTN protein expression in colorectal cancers. The positive expression rate of POSTN protein (59.13%, 68/115) in colorectal cancers was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal colon mucosa (0.47%, 11/109). POSTN over-expression in colorectal cancers was positively correlated with tumor size, differentiation, lymph node metastasis, serosal invasion, clinical stage and five-year survival rates. Further analysis showed that patients with advanced stage colorectal cancer and high POSTN expression levels had lower survival rates than those with early stage colorectal cancer and low POSTN expression levels. Overall, our results showed that POSTN played an important role in the progression of colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Yongmei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Sanhui Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Zhaogang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Differential expression of periostin in the nasal polyp may represent distinct histological features of chronic rhinosinusitis. Auris Nasus Larynx 2014; 42:123-7. [PMID: 25270863 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is thought to be a multifactorial disease, and it is classified into a number of subtypes according to clinicohistological features. Periostin, a 90-kDa secreted protein, was reported to exist in nasal polyps (NPs) associated with CRS. We compared the expression of periostin with the degree of eosinophilic infiltration as well as tissue remodeling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tissue samples were collected from 28 patients of CRS with NPs, and clinicohistological features were evaluated. The pattern of periostin expression was assessed immunohistochemically. RESULT Two patterns of periostin expression was observed in nasal polyps: "diffuse type", in which periostin was expressed throughout the lamina propria starting just below the basement membrane, and "superficial type", in which the protein was detected only in the subepithelial layers between the basement membrane and the nasal gland. The average infiltrated eosinophil count in the diffuse type was significantly higher than that in the superficial type (diffuse type 360.5±393.0 vs. superficial type 8.46±13.81, p=0.001). Tissue remodeling was observed in 17 (85.0%) of the 20 diffuse-type nasal polyps, but only in one (12.5%) of the eight superficial-type nasal polyps (p<0.001). CONCLUSION At least two distinct patterns of periostin expression were observed in the nasal polyps associated with CRS in accordance with the heterogeneous mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CRS with NPs.
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Hwang EY, Jeong MS, Park EK, Kim JH, Jang SB. Structural characterization and interaction of periostin and bone morphogenetic protein for regulation of collagen cross-linking. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 449:425-31. [PMID: 24858685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Periostin appears to be a unique extracellular protein secreted by fibroblasts that is upregulated following injury to the heart or changes in the environment. Periostin has the ability to associate with other critical extracellular matrix (ECM) regulators such as TGF-β, tenascin, and fibronectin, and is a critical regulator of fibrosis that functions by altering the deposition and attachment of collagen. Periostin is known to be highly expressed in carcinoma cells, but not in normal breast tissues. The protein has a structural similarity to insect fasciclin-1 (Fas 1) and can be induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2. To investigate the molecular interaction of periostin and bone morphogenetic protein, we modeled these three-dimensional structures and their binding sites. We demonstrated direct interaction between periostin and BMP1/2 in vitro using several biochemical and biophysical assays. We found that the structures of the first, second, and fourth Fas1 domains in periostin are similar to that of the fourth Fas 1 domain of TGFBIp. However, the structure of the third Fas 1 domain in periostin is different from those of the first, second, and fourth Fas1 domains, while it is similar to the NMR structure of Fasciclin-like protein from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. These results will useful in further functional analysis of the interaction of periostin and bone morphogenetic protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Suk Jeong
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 602-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Bok Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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ZHANG ZHE, NIE FANGFEI, KANG CHUNFU, CHEN BIN, QIN ZELIAN, MA JIANXUN, MA YONGGUANG, ZHAO XIA. Increased periostin expression affects the proliferation, collagen synthesis, migration and invasion of keloid fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:253-61. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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A Network Map of FGF-1/FGFR Signaling System. JOURNAL OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION 2014; 2014:962962. [PMID: 24829797 PMCID: PMC4009234 DOI: 10.1155/2014/962962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) is a well characterized growth factor among the 22 members of the FGF superfamily in humans. It binds to all the four known FGF receptors and regulates a plethora of functions including cell growth, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival in different cell types. FGF-1 is involved in the regulation of diverse physiological processes such as development, angiogenesis, wound healing, adipogenesis, and neurogenesis. Deregulation of FGF-1 signaling is not only implicated in tumorigenesis but also is associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Given the biomedical significance of FGFs and the fact that individual FGFs have different roles in diverse physiological processes, the analysis of signaling pathways induced by the binding of specific FGFs to their cognate receptors demands more focused efforts. Currently, there are no resources in the public domain that facilitate the analysis of signaling pathways induced by individual FGFs in the FGF/FGFR signaling system. Towards this, we have developed a resource of signaling reactions triggered by FGF-1/FGFR system in various cell types/tissues. The pathway data and the reaction map are made available for download in different community standard data exchange formats through NetPath and NetSlim signaling pathway resources.
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Chau E, Daley T, Darling MR, Hamilton D. The expression and immunohistochemical localization of periostin in odontogenic tumors of mixed epithelial/mesenchymal origin. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 116:214-20. [PMID: 23849375 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The object of this study was to determine the expression and localization of periostin in the major mixed odontogenic tumors and to correlate any differential staining of the mesenchymal components to the interrelationship of these tumors. STUDY DESIGN Five ameloblastic fibromas, 8 ameloblastic fibro-odontomas and 10 odontomas were assessed immunohistochemically for periostin staining. Because mesenchymal tissues were consistently present in all studied cases, these tissues were selected for statistical analysis of differential periostin staining. RESULTS Periostin was variably localized to the mesenchymal component of the tumors as well as to preameloblasts and ameloblasts. Analysis of the mesenchymal staining intensity was statistically significantly different between ameloblastic fibro-odontomas and odontomas (P < .001; Dunn multiple comparisons test). CONCLUSIONS Our results document periostin staining in human mixed odontogenic tumors. Statistical analysis of differential stromal staining supports the concept that the ameloblastic fibroma is a histogenetically distinct neoplasm as compared to ameloblastic fibro-odontoma and odontoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chau
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Schulich Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Izuhara K, Arima K, Ohta S, Suzuki S, Inamitsu M, Yamamoto KI. Periostin in allergic inflammation. Allergol Int 2014; 63:143-151. [PMID: 24662806 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.13-rai-0663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Periostin, an extracellular matrix protein belonging to the fasciclin family, has been shown to play a critical role in the process of remodeling during tissue/organ development or repair. Periostin functions as a matricellular protein in cell activation by binding to their receptors on cell surface, thereby exerting its biological activities. After we found that periostin is a downstream molecule of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, signature cytokines of type 2 immune responses, we showed that periostin is a component of subepithelial fibrosis in bronchial asthma, the first formal proof that periostin is involved in allergic inflammation. Subsequently, a great deal of evidence has accumulated demonstrating the significance of periostin in allergic inflammation. It is of note that in skin tissues, periostin is critical for amplification and persistence of allergic inflammation by communicating between fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Furthermore, periostin has been applied to development of novel diagnostics or therapeutic agents for allergic diseases. Serum periostin can reflect local production of periostin in inflamed lesions induced by Th2-type immune responses and also can predict the efficacy of Th2 antagonists against bronchial asthma. Blocking the interaction between periostin and its receptor, αv integrin, or down-regulating the periostin expression shows improvement of periostin-induced inflammation in mouse models or in in vitro systems. It is hoped that diagnostics or therapeutic agents targeting periostin will be of practical use in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Arima
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Ohta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Shoichi Suzuki
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Masako Inamitsu
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yamamoto
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
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Nuzzo PV, Buzzatti G, Ricci F, Rubagotti A, Argellati F, Zinoli L, Boccardo F. Periostin: a novel prognostic and therapeutic target for genitourinary cancer? Clin Genitourin Cancer 2014; 12:301-11. [PMID: 24656869 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Many of the cellular abnormalities present in solid tumors are structural in nature and involve the proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Periostin is a protein produced and secreted by the fibroblasts as a component of the ECM where it is involved in regulating intercellular adhesion. The expression of periostin has an important physiological role during embryogenesis and growth, namely at the level of bone, dental, and cardiac tissues. Many studies indicate that periostin plays an important role for tumor progression in various types of cancer, such as colon, lung, head and neck, breast, ovarian, and prostate. To the best of our knowledge, a limited number of studies have investigated periostin expression in urogenital cancer, such as prostate, bladder, penile, and renal cancer, and no studies were performed in testis cancer. In this review article, we summarize the most recent knowledge of periostin, its genetic and protein structure, and the role of the different isoforms identified and sequenced so far. In particular, we focus our attention on the role of this protein in genitourinary tumors, trying to emphasize the role not only as a possible prognostic marker, but also as a possible target for the development of future anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Vitale Nuzzo
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giulia Buzzatti
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rubagotti
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Argellati
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Linda Zinoli
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Boccardo
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy.
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Shen T, Ma J, Zhang L, Yu X, Liu M, Hou Y, Wang Y, Ma C, Li S, Zhu D. Positive feedback-loop of telomerase reverse transcriptase and 15-lipoxygenase-2 promotes pulmonary hypertension. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83132. [PMID: 24376652 PMCID: PMC3871619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized with pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling mediated by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO)/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) according to our previous studies. Meanwhile, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) activity is highly correlated with vascular injury and remodeling, suggesting that TERT may be an essential determinant in the development of PH. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution and molecular mechanisms of TERT in the pathogenesis of PH. APPROACH AND RESULTS We measured the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and ventricular weight, analyzed morphometric change of the pulmonary vessels in the hypoxia or monocrotaline treated rats. Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, transwell assay and flow cytometry in pulmonary smooth muscle cells were performed to investigate the roles and relationship of TERT and 15-LO/15-HETE in PH. We revealed that the expression of TERT was increased in pulmonary vasculature of patients with PH and in the monocrotaline or hypoxia rat model of PH. The up-regulation of TERT was associated with experimental elevated RVSP and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments identified TERT as a novel interacting partner of 15-LO-2. TERT and 15-LO-2 augmented protein expression of each other. In addition, the proliferation, migration and cell-cycle transition from G0/G1 phase to S phase induced by hypoxia were inhibited by TERT knockdown, which were rescued by 15-HETE addition. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that TERT regulates pulmonary vascular remodeling. TERT and 15-LO-2 form a positive feedback loop and together promote proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, creating a self-amplifying circuit which propels pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shen
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiufeng Yu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yunlong Hou
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Cui Ma
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- Biopharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Daling Zhu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Biopharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Qiu F, Shi CH, Zheng J, Liu YB. Periostin mediates the increased pro-angiogenic activity of gastric cancer cells under hypoxic conditions. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2013; 27:364-9. [PMID: 23728938 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the biological role of periostin in gastric cancer (GC) under hypoxia. Western blot analysis revealed that along with an upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, there was a time-dependent induction of periostin in MKN-45 cells under hypoxia (2% O2 ), increasing by eightfold as compared to normoxic cells. Pretreatment with 30 µM PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK1/2, significantly reduced hypoxia-stimulated periostin expression (P < 0.01). Periostin knockdown in MKN-45 cells was achieved by specific small interfering RNA (siRNA). The conditioned medium from periostin siRNA-transfected MKN-45 cells induced significantly less (P < 0.01) endothelial tube formation than control siRNA-transfected cells. Additionally, periostin silencing markedly decreased the mRNA expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in hypoxic MKN-45 cells. Thus, our data suggest that periostin is a hypoxia-response gene and mediates a cross talk between GC and endothelial cells under hypoxia, partially through regulation of the VEGF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qiu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Wang S, Duan C, Zhang F, Ma W, Guo X. Regulatory gene networks and signaling pathways from primary osteoarthritis and Kashin–Beck disease, an endemic osteoarthritis, identified by three analysis software. Gene 2013; 512:89-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Nuzzo PV, Rubagotti A, Zinoli L, Ricci F, Salvi S, Boccardo S, Boccardo F. Prognostic value of stromal and epithelial periostin expression in human prostate cancer: correlation with clinical pathological features and the risk of biochemical relapse or death. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:625. [PMID: 23273263 PMCID: PMC3553030 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of POSTN expression following prostatectomy. METHODS Periostin (POSTN) expression in prostate cancer (PCa) and in normal specimens was evaluated in 90 patients by an immuno-reactive score(IRS) based on the intensity of immunostaining and on the quantity of stained cells. The t-test was applied to compare IRS values in cancer specimens to values in normal specimens. Pearson's test was used to correlate POSTN expression to clinical pathologic features. PSA progression-free and survival curves were constructed by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Multi-parametric models were constructed according to the Cox technique adding all the covariates predicting for either PSA progression or death into the models after univariate analysis. RESULTS Both stromal and epithelial POSTN expression were significantly increased in tumor tissues. In particular, we found stromal expression to be significantly higher than epithelial expression as compared to normal tissues (p<0.000 and p=0.001).A significant correlation between POSTN epithelial expression and extra-prostatic extension was found (p=0.03). While high stromal expression was significantly associated with shorter survival (p=0.008), a low epithelial score significantly correlated with shorter PSA-free survival (p=0.04), suggesting that POSTN plays an apparently opposing biological role depending on its compartmentalization.Regardless of the mechanism that is involved, patients showing both high stromal and low epithelial expression made up a subgroup with a very bleak prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Although requiring further validation through larger studies, our findings show that POSTN might represent a novel prognostic marker for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Vitale Nuzzo
- IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute and the University of Genoa, Academic Unit of Medical Oncology UOC Oncologia Medica B, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Talati M, Seeley E, Ihida-Stansbury K, Delisser H, McDonald H, Ye F, Zhang X, Shyr Y, Caprioli R, Meyrick B. Altered expression of nuclear and cytoplasmic histone H1 in pulmonary artery and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in patients with IPAH. Pulm Circ 2012; 2:340-51. [PMID: 23130102 PMCID: PMC3487302 DOI: 10.4103/2045-8932.101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension is poorly understood. This paper utilized histology-based Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI MS) to identify as-yet unknown proteins that may be associated with the structural changes in the pulmonary arterial walls of patients with IPAH. The technology identified significant increases in two fragments of histone H1 in the IPAH cases compared to controls. This finding was further examined using immunofluorescence techniques applied to sections from IPAH and control pulmonary arteries. In addition, cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were utilized for Western analysis of histone H1 and importin β and importin 7, immunoprecipitation and assessment of nucleosomal repeat length (NRL). Immunofluorescence techniques revealed that nuclear expression of histone H1 was decreased and the chromatin was less compact in the IPAH cases than in the controls; furthermore, some cases showed a marked increase in cytoplasmic histone H1 expression. Using nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of cultured PASMCs, we confirmed the reduction in histone H1 in the nucleus and an increase in the cytoplasm in IPAH cells compared to controls. Immunoprecipitation demonstrated a decreased association of histone H1 with importin β while importin 7 was unchanged in the IPAH cells compared to controls. The assessment of NRL revealed that the distance between nucleosomes was increased by ~20 bp in IPAH compared to controls. We conclude that at least two factors contribute to the reduction in nuclear histone H1-fragmentation of the protein and decreased import of histone H1 into the nucleus by importins. We further suggest that the decreased nuclear H1 contributes the less compact nucleosomal pattern in IPAH and this, in turn, contributes to the increase in NRL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Talati
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennesse, USA
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46
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Anwar A, Li M, Frid MG, Kumar B, Gerasimovskaya EV, Riddle SR, McKeon BA, Thukaram R, Meyrick BO, Fini MA, Stenmark KR. Osteopontin is an endogenous modulator of the constitutively activated phenotype of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012; 303:L1-L11. [PMID: 22582113 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00050.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased cell proliferation and migration, of several cell types are key components of vascular remodeling observed in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Our previous data demonstrate that adventitial fibroblasts isolated from pulmonary arteries of chronically hypoxic hypertensive calves (termed PH-Fibs) exhibit a "constitutively activated" phenotype characterized by high proliferative and migratory potential. Osteopontin (OPN) has been shown to promote several cellular activities including growth and migration in cancer cells. We thus tested the hypothesis that elevated OPN expression confers the "activated" highly proproliferative and promigratory/invasive phenotype of PH-Fibs. Our results demonstrate that, both in vivo and ex vivo, PH-Fibs exhibited increased expression of OPN, as well as its cognate receptors, α(V)β(3) and CD44, compared with control fibroblasts (CO-Fibs). Augmented OPN expression in PH-Fibs corresponded to their high proliferative, migratory, and invasive properties and constitutive activation of ERK1/2 and AKT signaling. OPN silencing via small interfering RNA or sequestering OPN production by specific antibodies led to decreased proliferation, migration, invasion, and attenuated ERK1/2, AKT phosphorylation in PH-Fibs. Furthermore, increasing OPN levels in CO-Fibs via recombinant OPN resulted in significant increases in their proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities to the levels resembling those of PH-Fibs. Thus our data suggest OPN as an essential contributor to the activated (highly proliferative, migratory, and proinvasive) phenotype of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts in hypoxic PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Anwar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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47
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Merle B, Garnero P. The multiple facets of periostin in bone metabolism. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:1199-212. [PMID: 22310955 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1892-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Periostin is a matricellular glutamate-containing protein expressed during ontogenesis and in adult connective tissues submitted to mechanical strains including bone and, more specifically, the periosteum, periodontal ligaments, tendons, heart valves, or skin. It is also expressed in neoplastic tissues, cardiovascular and fibrotic diseases, and during wound repair. Its biological functions are extensively investigated in fields such as cardiovascular physiology or oncology. Despite its initial identification in bone, investigations of periostin functions in bone-related physiopathology are less abundant. Recently, several studies have analyzed the potential role of periostin in bone biology and suggest that periostin may be an important regulator of bone formation. The aim of this article is to provide an extensive review on the implications of periostin in bone biology and its potential use in benign and metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Merle
- INSERM Research Unit 1033, Pavillon F, Hopital E. Herriot, Place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon cédex 03, France.
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48
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Bozyk PD, Bentley JK, Popova AP, Anyanwu AC, Linn MD, Goldsmith AM, Pryhuber GS, Moore BB, Hershenson MB. Neonatal periostin knockout mice are protected from hyperoxia-induced alveolar simplication. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31336. [PMID: 22363622 PMCID: PMC3281961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), alveolar septae are thickened with collagen and α-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-positive myofibroblasts. Periostin, a secreted extracellular matrix protein, is involved in TGF-β-mediated fibrosis and myofibroblast differentiation. We hypothesized that periostin expression is required for hypoalveolarization and interstitial fibrosis in hyperoxia-exposed neonatal mice, an animal model for this disease. We also examined periostin expression in neonatal lung mesenchymal stromal cells and lung tissue of hyperoxia-exposed neonatal mice and human infants with BPD. Two-to-three day-old wild-type and periostin null mice were exposed to air or 75% oxygen for 14 days. Mesenchymal stromal cells were isolated from tracheal aspirates of premature infants. Hyperoxic exposure of neonatal mice increased alveolar wall periostin expression, particularly in areas of interstitial thickening. Periostin co-localized with α-smooth muscle actin, suggesting synthesis by myofibroblasts. A similar pattern was found in lung sections of infants dying of BPD. Unlike wild-type mice, hyperoxia-exposed periostin null mice did not show larger air spaces or α-smooth muscle-positive myofibroblasts. Compared to hyperoxia-exposed wild-type mice, hyperoxia-exposed periostin null mice also showed reduced lung mRNA expression of α-smooth muscle actin, elastin, CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL4. TGF-β treatment increased mesenchymal stromal cell periostin expression, and periostin treatment increased TGF-β-mediated DNA synthesis and myofibroblast differentiation. We conclude that periostin expression is increased in the lungs of hyperoxia-exposed neonatal mice and infants with BPD, and is required for hyperoxia-induced hypoalveolarization and interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D. Bozyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - J. Kelley Bentley
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Antonia P. Popova
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Anuli C. Anyanwu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Marisa D. Linn
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Adam M. Goldsmith
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Gloria S. Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Bethany B. Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Marc B. Hershenson
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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49
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Gong K, Xing D, Li P, Aksut B, Ambalavanan N, Yang Q, Nozell SE, Oparil S, Chen YF. Hypoxia induces downregulation of PPAR-γ in isolated pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells and in rat lung via transforming growth factor-β signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 301:L899-907. [PMID: 21926264 PMCID: PMC3233825 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00062.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia activates transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling and leads to pulmonary vascular remodeling. Pharmacological activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) has been shown to prevent hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling in rodent models, suggesting a vasoprotective effect of PPAR-γ under chronic hypoxic stress. This study tested the hypothesis that there is a functional interaction between TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and PPAR-γ in isolated pulmonary artery small muscle cells (PASMCs) under hypoxic stress. We observed that chronic hypoxia led to a dramatic decrease of PPAR-γ protein expression in whole lung homogenates (rat and mouse) and hypertrophied pulmonary arteries and isolated PASMCs. Using a transgenic model of mouse with inducible overexpression of a dominant-negative mutant of TGF-β receptor type II, we demonstrated that disruption of TGF-β pathway significantly attenuated chronic hypoxia-induced downregulation of PPAR-γ in lung. Similarly, in isolated rat PASMCs, antagonism of TGF-β signaling with either a neutralizing antibody to TGF-β or the selective TGF-β receptor type I inhibitor SB431542 effectively attenuated hypoxia-induced PPAR-γ downregulation. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that TGF-β1 treatment suppressed PPAR-γ expression in PASMCs under normoxia condition. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that TGF-β1 treatment significantly increased binding of Smad2/3, Smad4, and the transcriptional corepressor histone deacetylase 1 to the PPAR-γ promoter in PASMCs. Conversely, treatment with the PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone attenuated TGF-β1-induced extracellular matrix molecule expression and growth factor in PASMCs. These data provide strong evidence that activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling, via transcriptional suppression of PPAR-γ expression, mediates chronic hypoxia-induced downregulation of PPAR-γ expression in lung.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Hypoxia
- Cell Movement
- Cells, Cultured
- Down-Regulation
- Extracellular Matrix/metabolism
- Histone Deacetylase 1/metabolism
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Lung/blood supply
- Lung/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- PPAR gamma/agonists
- PPAR gamma/genetics
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Smad Proteins/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizheng Gong
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
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50
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Morra L, Rechsteiner M, Casagrande S, von Teichman A, Schraml P, Moch H, Soltermann A. Characterization of periostin isoform pattern in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2011; 76:183-90. [PMID: 22079858 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The extracellular matrix N-glycoprotein periostin (OSF-2, POSTN) is a major constituent of the desmoplastic stroma around solid tumors. It promotes tumor invasion and metastasis via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study we investigated periostin expression at both RNA and protein level as well as the expression pattern of its splice isoforms in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Thirty fresh frozen and corresponding formalin-fixed NSCLC tissues (adeno- and squamous cell carcinoma subtype, each n=15) and their matched non-neoplastic tissues were investigated. Periostin mRNA levels were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. The EMT-markers periostin and vimentin were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Laser capture microdissection allowed for analysis of periostin expression in tumor epithelia and stroma, separately. Isoform patterns were investigated by isoform-specific PCR following sequencing in NSCLC, fetal and adult normal lung tissue. RESULTS The qRT-PCR analysis showed periostin mRNA up-regulation in NSCLC tissue in relation to normal lung, with significantly higher levels in the adeno-compared to the squamous cell subtype (p<0.05). However, protein levels in both tumor epithelia and stroma correlated with squamous cell carcinoma (p<0.001) and larger tumor size (p<0.05). Further, periostin tumor epithelia expression, correlated with higher tumor grade (p<0.05). Sequence analysis detected eight periostin isoforms in fetal lung, but only five in both NSCLC and matched normal lung tissue. Among the eight isoforms, four are new and were labelled 5, 7, 8 and 9. The exclusive presence of isoforms 1 and 9 in fetal tissue suggests splice-specific regulation during lung embryogenesis. Finally, laser capture microdissection demonstrated that both tumor epithelia and stromal cells can be a source of periostin production in NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the first analysis of periostin isoform expression patterns in NSCLC and a characterization of periostin expression in cancer versus stromal cells at both RNA and protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Morra
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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