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Fasham J, Huebner AK, Liebmann L, Khalaf-Nazzal R, Maroofian R, Kryeziu N, Wortmann SB, Leslie JS, Ubeyratna N, Mancini GMS, van Slegtenhorst M, Wilke M, Haack TB, Shamseldin HE, Gleeson JG, Almuhaizea M, Dweikat I, Abu-Libdeh B, Daana M, Zaki MS, Wakeling MN, McGavin L, Turnpenny PD, Alkuraya FS, Houlden H, Schlattmann P, Kaila K, Crosby AH, Baple EL, Hübner CA. SLC4A10 mutation causes a neurological disorder associated with impaired GABAergic transmission. Brain 2023; 146:4547-4561. [PMID: 37459438 PMCID: PMC10629776 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
SLC4A10 is a plasma-membrane bound transporter that utilizes the Na+ gradient to drive cellular HCO3- uptake, thus mediating acid extrusion. In the mammalian brain, SLC4A10 is expressed in principal neurons and interneurons, as well as in epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, the organ regulating the production of CSF. Using next generation sequencing on samples from five unrelated families encompassing nine affected individuals, we show that biallelic SLC4A10 loss-of-function variants cause a clinically recognizable neurodevelopmental disorder in humans. The cardinal clinical features of the condition include hypotonia in infancy, delayed psychomotor development across all domains and intellectual impairment. Affected individuals commonly display traits associated with autistic spectrum disorder including anxiety, hyperactivity and stereotyped movements. In two cases isolated episodes of seizures were reported in the first few years of life, and a further affected child displayed bitemporal epileptogenic discharges on EEG without overt clinical seizures. While occipitofrontal circumference was reported to be normal at birth, progressive postnatal microcephaly evolved in 7 out of 10 affected individuals. Neuroradiological features included a relative preservation of brain volume compared to occipitofrontal circumference, characteristic narrow sometimes 'slit-like' lateral ventricles and corpus callosum abnormalities. Slc4a10 -/- mice, deficient for SLC4A10, also display small lateral brain ventricles and mild behavioural abnormalities including delayed habituation and alterations in the two-object novel object recognition task. Collapsed brain ventricles in both Slc4a10-/- mice and affected individuals suggest an important role of SLC4A10 in the production of the CSF. However, it is notable that despite diverse roles of the CSF in the developing and adult brain, the cortex of Slc4a10-/- mice appears grossly intact. Co-staining with synaptic markers revealed that in neurons, SLC4A10 localizes to inhibitory, but not excitatory, presynapses. These findings are supported by our functional studies, which show the release of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA is compromised in Slc4a10-/- mice, while the release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate is preserved. Manipulation of intracellular pH partially rescues GABA release. Together our studies define a novel neurodevelopmental disorder associated with biallelic pathogenic variants in SLC4A10 and highlight the importance of further analyses of the consequences of SLC4A10 loss-of-function for brain development, synaptic transmission and network properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Fasham
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Antje K Huebner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller Universität, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Lutz Liebmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller Universität, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Reham Khalaf-Nazzal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Arab American University of Palestine, Jenin, P227, Palestine
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Nderim Kryeziu
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller Universität, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Saskia B Wortmann
- University Children’s Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) and Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Joseph S Leslie
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Nishanka Ubeyratna
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martina Wilke
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hanan E Shamseldin
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mohamed Almuhaizea
- Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imad Dweikat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Arab American University of Palestine, Jenin, P227, Palestine
| | - Bassam Abu-Libdeh
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Makassed Hospital and Al-Quds University, East Jerusalem, 95908, Palestine
| | - Muhannad Daana
- Department of Pediatrics, Arab Women’s Union Hospital, Nablus, P400, Palestine
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Matthew N Wakeling
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Lucy McGavin
- Department of Radiology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UK
| | - Peter D Turnpenny
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Henry Houlden
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Peter Schlattmann
- Institute for Medical Statistics, Computer Science and Data Science, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Kai Kaila
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrew H Crosby
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Emma L Baple
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Christian A Hübner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller Universität, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller Universität, 07747 Jena, Germany
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2
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Harbour K, Cappel Z, Baccei ML. Effects of Corticosterone on the Excitability of Glutamatergic and GABAergic Neurons of the Adolescent Mouse Superficial Dorsal Horn. Neuroscience 2023; 526:290-304. [PMID: 37437798 PMCID: PMC10530204 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Stress evokes age-dependent effects on pain sensitivity and commonly occurs during adolescence. However, the mechanisms linking adolescent stress and pain remain poorly understood, in part due to a lack of information regarding how stress hormones modulate the function of nociceptive circuits in the adolescent CNS. Here we investigate the short- and long-term effects of corticosterone (CORT) on the excitability of GABAergic and presumed glutamatergic neurons of the spinal superficial dorsal horn (SDH) in Gad1-GFP mice at postnatal days (P)21-P34. In situ hybridization revealed that glutamatergic SDH neurons expressed significantly higher mRNA levels of both glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) compared to adjacent GABAergic neurons. The incubation of spinal cord slices with CORT (90 min) evoked select long-term changes in spontaneous synaptic transmission across both cell types in a sex-dependent manner, without altering the intrinsic firing of either Gad1-GFP+ or GFP- neurons. Meanwhile, the acute bath application of CORT significantly decreased the frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs), as well as the frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs), in both cell types leading to a net reduction in the balance of spontaneous excitation vs. inhibition (E:I ratio). This CORT-induced reduction in the E:I ratio was not prevented by selective antagonists of either GR (mifepristone) or MR (eplerenone), although eplerenone blocked the effect on mEPSC amplitude. Collectively, these data suggest that corticosterone modulates synaptic function within the adolescent SDH which could influence the overall excitability and output of the spinal nociceptive network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Harbour
- Molecular, Cellular and Biochemical Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Zoe Cappel
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Summer Research Program, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Mark L Baccei
- Molecular, Cellular and Biochemical Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Summer Research Program, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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3
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Moore SJ, Cazares VA, Temme SJ, Murphy GG. Age-related deficits in neuronal physiology and cognitive function are recapitulated in young mice overexpressing the L-type calcium channel, Ca V 1.3. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13781. [PMID: 36703244 PMCID: PMC10014069 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The calcium dysregulation hypothesis of brain aging posits that an age-related increase in neuronal calcium concentration is responsible for alterations in a variety of cellular processes that ultimately result in learning and memory deficits in aged individuals. We previously generated a novel transgenic mouse line, in which expression of the L-type voltage-gated calcium, CaV 1.3, is increased by ~50% over wild-type littermates. Here, we show that, in young mice, this increase is sufficient to drive changes in neuronal physiology and cognitive function similar to those observed in aged animals. Specifically, there is an increase in the magnitude of the postburst afterhyperpolarization, a deficit in spatial learning and memory (assessed by the Morris water maze), a deficit in recognition memory (assessed in novel object recognition), and an overgeneralization of fear to novel contexts (assessed by contextual fear conditioning). While overexpression of CaV 1.3 recapitulated these key aspects of brain aging, it did not produce alterations in action potential firing rates, basal synaptic communication, or spine number/density. Taken together, these results suggest that increased expression of CaV 1.3 in the aged brain is a crucial factor that acts in concert with age-related changes in other processes to produce the full complement of structural, functional, and behavioral outcomes that are characteristic of aged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon J. Moore
- Michigan Neuroscience InstituteAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Molecular & Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Victor A. Cazares
- Molecular & Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Department of PsychologyWilliams CollegeWilliamstownMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Geoffrey G. Murphy
- Michigan Neuroscience InstituteAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Molecular & Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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4
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Triac Treatment Prevents Neurodevelopmental and Locomotor Impairments in Thyroid Hormone Transporter Mct8/Oatp1c1 Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043452. [PMID: 36834863 PMCID: PMC9966820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with inactive thyroid hormone (TH) transporter MCT8 display intellectual disability due to compromised central TH transport and action. As a therapeutic strategy, application of thyromimetic, MCT8-independent compounds Triac (3,5,3'-triiodothyroacetic acid), and Ditpa (3,5-diiodo-thyropropionic acid) was proposed. Here, we directly compared their thyromimetic potential in Mct8/Oatp1c1 double knock-out mice (Dko) modeling human MCT8 deficiency. Dko mice received either Triac (50 ng/g or 400 ng/g) or Ditpa (400 ng/g or 4000 ng/g) daily during the first three postnatal weeks. Saline-injected Wt and Dko mice served as controls. A second cohort of Dko mice received Triac (400 ng/g) daily between postnatal weeks 3 and 6. Thyromimetic effects were assessed at different postnatal stages by immunofluorescence, ISH, qPCR, electrophysiological recordings, and behavior tests. Triac treatment (400 ng/g) induced normalized myelination, cortical GABAergic interneuron differentiation, electrophysiological parameters, and locomotor performance only when administered during the first three postnatal weeks. Ditpa (4000 ng/g) application to Dko mice during the first three postnatal weeks resulted in normal myelination and cerebellar development but only mildly improved neuronal parameters and locomotor function. Together, Triac is highly-effective and more efficient than Ditpa in promoting CNS maturation and function in Dko mice yet needs to be initiated directly after birth for the most beneficial effects.
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5
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Maziar A, Critch TNRHY, Ghosh S, Rajani V, Flynn CM, Qin T, Reinhardt C, Man KNM, Lee A, Hell JW, Yuan Q. Aging differentially affects LTCC function in hippocampal CA1 and piriform cortex pyramidal neurons. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1489-1503. [PMID: 35437602 PMCID: PMC9930631 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive decline and memory loss in humans. In rats, aging-associated neuronal excitability changes and impairments in learning have been extensively studied in the hippocampus. Here, we investigated the roles of L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) in the rat piriform cortex (PC), in comparison with those of the hippocampus. We employed spatial and olfactory tasks that involve the hippocampus and PC. LTCC blocker nimodipine administration impaired spontaneous location recognition in adult rats (6-9 months). However, the same blocker rescued the spatial learning deficiency in aged rats (19-23 months). In an odor-associative learning task, infusions of nimodipine into either the PC or dorsal CA1 impaired the ability of adult rats to learn a positive odor association. Again, in contrast, nimodipine rescued odor associative learning in aged rats. Aged CA1 neurons had higher somatic expression of LTCC Cav1.2 subunits, exhibited larger afterhyperpolarization (AHP) and lower excitability compared with adult neurons. In contrast, PC neurons from aged rats showed higher excitability and no difference in AHP. Cav1.2 expression was similar in adult and aged PC somata, but relatively higher in PSD95- puncta in aged dendrites. Our data suggest unique features of aging-associated changes in LTCCs in the PC and hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Maziar
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Tristian N R H Y Critch
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Vishaal Rajani
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Cassandra M Flynn
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Tian Qin
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Camila Reinhardt
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Kwun Nok Mimi Man
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Amy Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Johannes W Hell
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Qi Yuan
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
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6
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Jaszczyk A, Juszczak GR. Glucocorticoids, metabolism and brain activity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 126:113-145. [PMID: 33727030 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The review integrates different experimental approaches including biochemistry, c-Fos expression, microdialysis (glutamate, GABA, noradrenaline and serotonin), electrophysiology and fMRI to better understand the effect of elevated level of glucocorticoids on the brain activity and metabolism. The available data indicate that glucocorticoids alter the dynamics of neuronal activity leading to context-specific changes including both excitation and inhibition and these effects are expected to support the task-related responses. Glucocorticoids also lead to diversification of available sources of energy due to elevated levels of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, mannose and hydroxybutyrate (ketone bodies), which can be used to fuel brain, and facilitate storage and utilization of brain carbohydrate reserves formed by glycogen. However, the mismatch between carbohydrate supply and utilization that is most likely to occur in situations not requiring energy-consuming activities lead to metabolic stress due to elevated brain levels of glucose. Excessive doses of glucocorticoids also impair the production of energy (ATP) and mitochondrial oxidation. Therefore, glucocorticoids have both adaptive and maladaptive effects consistently with the concept of allostatic load and overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Jaszczyk
- Department of Animal Behavior and Welfare, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, 36a Postepu str., Poland
| | - Grzegorz R Juszczak
- Department of Animal Behavior and Welfare, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, 36a Postepu str., Poland.
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7
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Kubista H, Boehm S, Hotka M. The Paroxysmal Depolarization Shift: Reconsidering Its Role in Epilepsy, Epileptogenesis and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030577. [PMID: 30699993 PMCID: PMC6387313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Paroxysmal depolarization shifts (PDS) have been described by epileptologists for the first time several decades ago, but controversy still exists to date regarding their role in epilepsy. In addition to the initial view of a lack of such a role, seemingly opposing hypotheses on epileptogenic and anti-ictogenic effects of PDS have emerged. Hence, PDS may provide novel targets for epilepsy therapy. Evidence for the roles of PDS has often been obtained from investigations of the multi-unit correlate of PDS, an electrographic spike termed “interictal” because of its occurrence during seizure-free periods of epilepsy patients. Meanwhile, interictal spikes have been found to be associated with neuronal diseases other than epilepsy, e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, which may indicate a broader implication of PDS in neuropathologies. In this article, we give an introduction to PDS and review evidence that links PDS to pro- as well as anti-epileptic mechanisms, and to other types of neuronal dysfunction. The perturbation of neuronal membrane voltage and of intracellular Ca2+ that comes with PDS offers many conceivable pathomechanisms of neuronal dysfunction. Out of these, the operation of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels, which play a major role in coupling excitation to long-lasting neuronal changes, is addressed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Kubista
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stefan Boehm
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Matej Hotka
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Ryan DP, Henzel KS, Pearson BL, Siwek ME, Papazoglou A, Guo L, Paesler K, Yu M, Müller R, Xie K, Schröder S, Becker L, Garrett L, Hölter SM, Neff F, Rácz I, Rathkolb B, Rozman J, Ehninger G, Klingenspor M, Klopstock T, Wolf E, Wurst W, Zimmer A, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabě de Angelis M, Sidiropoulou K, Weiergräber M, Zhou Y, Ehninger D. A paternal methyl donor-rich diet altered cognitive and neural functions in offspring mice. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1345-1355. [PMID: 28373690 PMCID: PMC5984088 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dietary intake of methyl donors, such as folic acid and methionine, shows considerable intra-individual variation in human populations. While it is recognized that maternal departures from the optimum of dietary methyl donor intake can increase the risk for mental health issues and neurological disorders in offspring, it has not been explored whether paternal dietary methyl donor intake influences behavioral and cognitive functions in the next generation. Here, we report that elevated paternal dietary methyl donor intake in a mouse model, transiently applied prior to mating, resulted in offspring animals (methyl donor-rich diet (MD) F1 mice) with deficits in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory, impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity and reduced hippocampal theta oscillations. Gene expression analyses revealed altered expression of the methionine adenosyltransferase Mat2a and BK channel subunit Kcnmb2, which was associated with changes in Kcnmb2 promoter methylation in MD F1 mice. Hippocampal overexpression of Kcnmb2 in MD F1 mice ameliorated altered spatial learning and memory, supporting a role of this BK channel subunit in the MD F1 behavioral phenotype. Behavioral and gene expression changes did not extend into the F2 offspring generation. Together, our data indicate that paternal dietary factors influence cognitive and neural functions in the offspring generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Ryan
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - K S Henzel
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - B L Pearson
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - M E Siwek
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - A Papazoglou
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - L Guo
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - K Paesler
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - M Yu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - R Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - K Xie
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - S Schröder
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - L Becker
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - L Garrett
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - S M Hölter
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - F Neff
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - I Rácz
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - B Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Chair of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - J Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - G Ehninger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Klingenspor
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - T Klopstock
- Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - E Wolf
- Chair of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - W Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Technische Universität München, c/o Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - A Zimmer
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - H Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - V Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany,Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - K Sidiropoulou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklio, Greece
| | - M Weiergräber
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - D Ehninger
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany,Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, Bonn 53127, Germany. E-mail:
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9
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Teichert M, Liebmann L, Hübner CA, Bolz J. Homeostatic plasticity and synaptic scaling in the adult mouse auditory cortex. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17423. [PMID: 29234064 PMCID: PMC5727212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17711-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that sensory deprivation results in homeostatic adjustments recovering neuronal activity of the deprived cortex. For example, deprived vision multiplicatively scales up mEPSC amplitudes in the primary visual cortex, commonly referred to as synaptic scaling. However, whether synaptic scaling also occurs in auditory cortex after auditory deprivation remains elusive. Using periodic intrinsic optical imaging in adult mice, we show that conductive hearing loss (CHL), initially led to a reduction of primary auditory cortex (A1) responsiveness to sounds. However, this was followed by a complete recovery of A1 activity evoked sounds above the threshold for bone conduction, 3 days after CHL. Over the same time course patch-clamp experiments in slices revealed that mEPSC amplitudes in A1 layers 2/3 pyramids scaled up multiplicatively in CHL mice. No recovery of sensory evoked A1 activation was evident in TNFα KO animals, which lack synaptic scaling. Additionally, we could show that the suppressive effect of sounds on visually evoked visual cortex activity completely recovered along with TNFα dependent A1 homeostasis in WT animals. This is the first demonstration of homeostatic multiplicative synaptic scaling in the adult A1. These findings suggest that mild hearing loss massively affects auditory processing in adult A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Teichert
- University of Jena, Institute of General Zoology and Animal Physiology, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Lutz Liebmann
- University of Jena, University Hospital Jena, Institute of Human Genetics, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian A Hübner
- University of Jena, University Hospital Jena, Institute of Human Genetics, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bolz
- University of Jena, Institute of General Zoology and Animal Physiology, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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10
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Kabir ZD, Martínez-Rivera A, Rajadhyaksha AM. From Gene to Behavior: L-Type Calcium Channel Mechanisms Underlying Neuropsychiatric Symptoms. Neurotherapeutics 2017; 14:588-613. [PMID: 28497380 PMCID: PMC5509628 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-017-0532-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) Cav1.2 and Cav1.3, encoded by the CACNA1C and CACNA1D genes, respectively, are important regulators of calcium influx into cells and are critical for normal brain development and plasticity. In humans, CACNA1C has emerged as one of the most widely reproduced and prominent candidate risk genes for a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Separately, CACNA1D has been found to be associated with BD and autism spectrum disorder, as well as cocaine dependence, a comorbid feature associated with psychiatric disorders. Despite growing evidence of a significant link between CACNA1C and CACNA1D and psychiatric disorders, our understanding of the biological mechanisms by which these LTCCs mediate neuropsychiatric-associated endophenotypes, many of which are shared across the different disorders, remains rudimentary. Clinical studies with LTCC blockers testing their efficacy to alleviate symptoms associated with BD, SCZ, and drug dependence have provided mixed results, underscoring the importance of further exploring the neurobiological consequences of dysregulated Cav1.2 and Cav1.3. Here, we provide a review of clinical studies that have evaluated LTCC blockers for BD, SCZ, and drug dependence-associated symptoms, as well as rodent studies that have identified Cav1.2- and Cav1.3-specific molecular and cellular cascades that underlie mood (anxiety, depression), social behavior, cognition, and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeba D Kabir
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Autism Research Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arlene Martínez-Rivera
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Autism Research Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anjali M Rajadhyaksha
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Weill Cornell Autism Research Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Differential Roles for L-Type Calcium Channel Subtypes in Alcohol Dependence. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:1058-1069. [PMID: 27905406 PMCID: PMC5506795 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It has previously been shown that the inhibition of L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) decreases alcohol consumption, although the contribution of the central LTCC subtypes Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 remains unknown. Here, we determined changes in Cav1.2 (Cacna1c) and Cav1.3 (Cacna1d) mRNA and protein expression in alcohol-dependent rats during protracted abstinence and naive controls using in situ hybridization and western blot analysis. Functional validation was obtained by electrophysiological recordings of calcium currents in dissociated hippocampal pyramidal neurons. We then measured alcohol self-administration and cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking in dependent and nondependent rats after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of the LTCC antagonist verapamil, as well as in mice with an inducible knockout (KO) of Cav1.2 in Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (CaMKIIα)-expressing neurons. Our results show that Cacna1c mRNA concentration was increased in the amygdala and hippocampus of alcohol-dependent rats after 21 days of abstinence, with no changes in Cacna1d mRNA. This was associated with increased Cav1.2 protein concentration and L-type calcium current amplitudes. Further analysis of Cacna1c mRNA in the CA1, basolateral amygdala (BLA), and central amygdala (CeA) revealed a dynamic regulation over time during the development of alcohol dependence. The inhibition of central LTCCs via i.c.v. administration of verapamil prevented cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking in alcohol-dependent rats. Further studies in conditional Cav1.2-KO mice showed a lack of dependence-induced increase of alcohol-seeking behavior. Together, our data indicate that central Cav1.2 channels, rather than Cav1.3, mediate alcohol-seeking behavior. This finding may be of interest for the development of new antirelapse medications.
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12
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Valkova C, Liebmann L, Krämer A, Hübner CA, Kaether C. The sorting receptor Rer1 controls Purkinje cell function via voltage gated sodium channels. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41248. [PMID: 28117367 PMCID: PMC5259745 DOI: 10.1038/srep41248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rer1 is a sorting receptor in the early secretory pathway that controls the assembly and the cell surface transport of selected multimeric membrane protein complexes. Mice with a Purkinje cell (PC) specific deletion of Rer1 showed normal polarization and differentiation of PCs and normal development of the cerebellum. However, PC-specific loss of Rer1 led to age-dependent motor deficits in beam walk, ladder climbing and gait. Analysis of brain sections revealed a specific degeneration of PCs in the anterior cerebellar lobe in old animals. Electrophysiological recordings demonstrated severe deficits in spontaneous action potential generation. Measurements of resurgent currents indicated decreased surface densities of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav), but not changes in individual channels. Analysis of mice with a whole brain Rer1-deletion demonstrated a strong down-regulation of Nav1.6 and 1.1 in the absence of Rer1, whereas protein levels of the related Cav2.1 and of Kv3.3 and 7.2 channels were not affected. The data suggest that Rer1 controls the assembly and transport of Nav1.1 and 1.6, the principal sodium channels responsible for recurrent firing, in PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Valkova
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Lutz Liebmann
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian A Hübner
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Kaether
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07743 Jena, Germany
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13
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Radley J, Morilak D, Viau V, Campeau S. Chronic stress and brain plasticity: Mechanisms underlying adaptive and maladaptive changes and implications for stress-related CNS disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 58:79-91. [PMID: 26116544 PMCID: PMC4684432 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stress responses entail neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral changes to promote effective coping with real or perceived threats to one's safety. While these responses are critical for the survival of the individual, adverse effects of repeated exposure to stress are widely known to have deleterious effects on health. Thus, a considerable effort in the search for treatments to stress-related CNS disorders necessitates unraveling the brain mechanisms responsible for adaptation under acute conditions and their perturbations following chronic stress exposure. This paper is based upon a symposium from the 2014 International Behavioral Neuroscience Meeting, summarizing some recent advances in understanding the effects of stress on adaptive and maladaptive responses subserved by limbic forebrain networks. An important theme highlighted in this review is that the same networks mediating neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral processes during adaptive coping also comprise targets of the effects of repeated stress exposure in the development of maladaptive states. Where possible, reference is made to the similarity of neurobiological substrates and effects observed following repeated exposure to stress in laboratory animals and the clinical features of stress-related disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Radley
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa, IA, United States
| | - David Morilak
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Victor Viau
- Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Serge Campeau
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States.
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Sinning A, Liebmann L, Hübner CA. Disruption of Slc4a10 augments neuronal excitability and modulates synaptic short-term plasticity. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:223. [PMID: 26136660 PMCID: PMC4468864 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Slc4a10 is a Na+-coupled Cl−-HCO3− exchanger, which is expressed in principal and inhibitory neurons as well as in choroid plexus epithelial cells of the brain. Slc4a10 knockout (KO) mice have collapsed brain ventricles and display an increased seizure threshold, while heterozygous deletions in man have been associated with idiopathic epilepsy and other neurological symptoms. To further characterize the role of Slc4a10 for network excitability, we compared input-output relations as well as short and long term changes of evoked field potentials in Slc4a10 KO and wildtype (WT) mice. While responses of CA1 pyramidal neurons to stimulation of Schaffer collaterals were increased in Slc4a10 KO mice, evoked field potentials did not differ between genotypes in the stratum radiatum or the neocortical areas analyzed. Paired pulse facilitation was diminished in the hippocampus upon disruption of Slc4a10. In the neocortex paired pulse depression was increased. Though short term plasticity is modulated via Slc4a10, long term potentiation appears independent of Slc4a10. Our data support that Slc4a10 dampens neuronal excitability and thus sheds light on the pathophysiology of SLC4A10 associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Sinning
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena, Germany ; Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Lutz Liebmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena, Germany
| | - Christian A Hübner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena, Germany
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15
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Distinct effects of repeated restraint stress on basolateral amygdala neuronal membrane properties in resilient adolescent and adult rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:2114-30. [PMID: 24619244 PMCID: PMC4104329 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2014.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Severe and repeated stress has damaging effects on health, including initiation of depression and anxiety. Stress that occurs during development has long-lasting and particularly damaging effects on emotion. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays a key role in many affective behaviors, and repeated stress causes different forms of BLA hyperactivity in adolescent and adult rats. However, the mechanism is not known. Furthermore, not every individual is susceptible to the negative consequences of stress. Differences in the effects of stress on the BLA might contribute to determine whether an individual will be vulnerable or resilient to the effects of stress on emotion. The purpose of this study is to test the cellular underpinnings for age dependency of BLA hyperactivity after stress, and whether protective changes occur in resilient individuals. To test this, the effects of repeated stress on membrane excitability and other membrane properties of BLA principal neurons were compared between adult and adolescent rats, and between vulnerable and resilient rats, using in vitro whole-cell recordings. Vulnerability was defined by adrenal gland weight, and verified by body weight gain after repeated restraint stress, and fecal pellet production during repeated restraint sessions. We found that repeated stress increased the excitability of BLA neurons, but in a manner that depended on age and BLA subnucleus. Furthermore, stress resilience was associated with an opposite pattern of change, with increased slow afterhyperpolarization (AHP) potential, whereas vulnerability was associated with decreased medium AHP. The opposite outcomes in these two populations were further distinguished by differences of anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze that were correlated with BLA neuronal excitability and AHP. These results demonstrate a substrate for BLA hyperactivity after repeated stress, with distinct membrane properties to target, as well as age-dependent factors that contribute to resilience to the effects of stress.
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16
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Pillai AG, Henckens MJAG, Fernández G, Joëls M. Delayed effects of corticosterone on slow after-hyperpolarization potentials in mouse hippocampal versus prefrontal cortical pyramidal neurons. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99208. [PMID: 24901987 PMCID: PMC4047100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The rodent stress hormone corticosterone changes neuronal activity in a slow and persistent manner through transcriptional regulation. In the rat dorsal hippocampus, corticosterone enhances the amplitude of calcium-dependent potassium currents that cause a lingering slow after-hyperpolarization (sAHP) at the end of depolarizing events. In this study we compared the putative region-dependency of the delayed effects of corticosterone (approximately 5 hrs after treatment) on sAHP as well as other active and passive properties of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons from three prefrontal areas, i.e. the lateral orbitofrontal, prelimbic and infralimbic cortex, with the hippocampus of adult mice. In agreement with previous studies, corticosterone increased sAHP amplitude in the dorsal hippocampus with depolarizing steps of increasing amplitude. However, in the lateral orbitofrontal, prelimbic and infralimbic cortices we did not observe any modifications of sAHP amplitude after corticosterone treatment. Properties of single action potentials or % ratio of the last spike interval with respect to the first spike interval, an indicator of accommodation in an action potential train, were not significantly affected by corticosterone in all brain regions examined. Lastly, corticosterone treatment did not induce any lasting changes in passive membrane properties of hippocampal or cortical neurons. Overall, the data indicate that corticosterone slowly and very persistently increases the sAHP amplitude in hippocampal pyramidal neurons, while this is not the case in the cortical regions examined. This implies that changes in excitability across brain regions reached by corticosterone may vary over a prolonged period of time after stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup G. Pillai
- Dept. Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Marloes J. A. G. Henckens
- Dept. Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Dep. Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Joëls
- Dept. Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Hasreiter J, Goldnagl L, Böhm S, Kubista H. Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 L-type calcium channels operate in a similar voltage range but show different coupling to Ca(2+)-dependent conductances in hippocampal neurons. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 306:C1200-13. [PMID: 24760982 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00329.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the central nervous system, L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LTCCs) come in two isoforms, namely Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 channels. It has been shown previously that these channels differ in biophysical properties, in subcellular localization, and in the coupling to the gene transcription machinery. In previous work on rat hippocampal neurons we have identified an excitatory cation conductance and an inhibitory potassium conductance as important LTCC coupling partners. Notably, a stimulus-dependent interplay of LTCC-mediated Ca(2+) influx and activation of these Ca(2+)-dependent conductances was found to give rise to characteristic voltage responses. However, the contribution of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 to these voltage responses remained unknown. Hence, the relative contribution of the LTCC isoforms therein was the focus of the current study on hippocampal neurons derived from genetically modified mice, which either lack a LTCC isoform (Cav1.3 knockout mice) or express a dihydropyridine-insensitive LTCC isoform (Cav1.2DHP(-)-knockin mice). We identified common and alternate ion channel couplings of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 channels. Whereas hyperpolarizing Ca(2+)-dependent conductances were coupled to both Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 channels, an afterdepolarizing potential was only induced by the activity of Cav1.2 channels. Unexpectedly, the activity of Cav1.2 channels was found at relatively hyperpolarized membrane voltages. Our data add important information about the differences between Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 channels that furthers our understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological neuronal roles of these calcium channels. Moreover, our findings suggest that Cav1.3 knockout mice together with Cav1.2DHP(-)-knockin mice provide valuable models for future investigation of hippocampal LTCC-dependent afterdepolarizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hasreiter
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Goldnagl
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Böhm
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Kubista
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Myers B, McKlveen JM, Herman JP. Glucocorticoid actions on synapses, circuits, and behavior: implications for the energetics of stress. Front Neuroendocrinol 2014; 35:180-196. [PMID: 24361584 PMCID: PMC4422101 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stimuli that signal real or potential threats to homeostasis lead to glucocorticoid secretion by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Glucocorticoids promote energy redistribution and are critical for survival and adaptation. This adaptation requires the integration of multiple systems and engages key limbic-neuroendocrine circuits. Consequently, glucocorticoids have profound effects on synaptic physiology, circuit regulation of stress responsiveness, and, ultimately, behavior. While glucocorticoids initiate adaptive processes that generate energy for coping, prolonged or inappropriate glucocorticoid secretion becomes deleterious. Inappropriate processing of stressful information may lead to energetic drive that does not match environmental demand, resulting in risk factors for pathology. Thus, dysregulation of the HPA axis may promote stress-related illnesses (e.g. depression, PTSD). This review summarizes the latest developments in central glucocorticoid actions on synaptic, neuroendocrine, and behavioral regulation. Additionally, these findings will be discussed in terms of the energetic integration of stress and the importance of context-specific regulation of glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Myers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jessica M McKlveen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - James P Herman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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Bernardi RE, Uhrig S, Spanagel R, Hansson AC. Transcriptional regulation of L-type calcium channel subtypes Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 by nicotine and their potential role in nicotine sensitization. Nicotine Tob Res 2014; 16:774-85. [PMID: 24470632 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntt274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION L-type calcium channel (LTCC) activity in the brain is mediated by 2 subtypes, Ca(v)1.2 and Ca(v)1.3. The individual contributions of these LTCC subtypes to the long-term pharmacological and behavioral effects of nicotine are unknown. METHODS Using quantitative in situ hybridization, we examined expression levels of Ca(v)1.2 and Ca(v)1.3 in forebrain regions of mice treated with nicotine (0.175 mg/kg) or saline for 1 or 14 days and sacrificed 24 hr or 7 days following the last injection. Additionally, we treated mice with nicotine for 14 days and then administered the nonspecific LTCC antagonist nifedipine twice daily during a 7-day abstinence period prior to testing for nicotine sensitization to determine the effect of LTCC blockade on sensitization. RESULTS Ca(v)1.2 mRNA was unaffected 24 hr following a single nicotine exposure, whereas Ca(v)1.3 mRNA was upregulated in several brain regions. Following 14 days of nicotine treatment and 24 hr of abstinence, Ca(v)1.2 mRNA was downregulated throughout the areas examined, whereas Ca(v)1.3 mRNA had mostly returned to control values. Following 7 days of abstinence, a strong upregulation of Ca(v)1.2 transcripts was observed, whereas Ca(v)1.3 mRNA was largely unaffected. In our sensitization study, nifedipine administered during nicotine abstinence impaired subsequent nicotine sensitization. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a differential involvement of Ca(v)1.2 and Ca(v)1.3 in nicotine-related processes. Ca(v)1.3 seems to be involved primarily during early exposure to nicotine. Ca(v)1.2 appears to play a role in the long-term molecular and behavioral changes that occur following chronic nicotine and abstinence. Nifedipine may counteract those nicotine-induced alterations in LTCC activity to impair nicotine sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick E Bernardi
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim /University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Bali A, Gupta S, Singh N, Jaggi AS. Implicating the role of plasma membrane localized calcium channels and exchangers in stress-induced deleterious effects. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 714:229-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Joëls M, Pasricha N, Karst H. The interplay between rapid and slow corticosteroid actions in brain. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 719:44-52. [PMID: 23886619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Stress causes the release of many transmitters and hormones, including corticosteroids. These molecules enter the brain and exert their effects through the mineralo- and glucocorticoid receptor. The former receptor plays an important role in neuronal stability. However, it also mediates rapid non-genomic corticosteroid effects that in synergy with other stress mediators activate limbic cells and promote behavioral choices allowing the organism to quickly respond to the imminent danger. Glucocorticoid receptors primarily mediate slow genomic effects, for instance in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, which are thought to contribute to contextual and higher cognitive aspects of behavioral performance several hours after stress. Rapid and slow effects interact and collectively contribute to successful behavioral adaptation. Long-term disturbances in the release pattern of corticosteroid hormones and in the responsiveness of their receptors give rise to structural and functional changes in neuronal properties which may contribute to the expression of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Joëls
- Department of Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Natasha Pasricha
- Department of Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Karst
- Department of Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Joëls M, Sarabdjitsingh RA, Karst H. Unraveling the Time Domains of Corticosteroid Hormone Influences on Brain Activity: Rapid, Slow, and Chronic Modes. Pharmacol Rev 2012; 64:901-38. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.112.005892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Sarabdjitsingh RA, Kofink D, Karst H, de Kloet ER, Joëls M. Stress-induced enhancement of mouse amygdalar synaptic plasticity depends on glucocorticoid and ß-adrenergic activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42143. [PMID: 22900007 PMCID: PMC3416843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glucocorticoid hormones, in interaction with noradrenaline, enable the consolidation of emotionally arousing and stressful experiences in rodents and humans. Such interaction is thought to occur at least partly in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) which is crucially involved in emotional memory formation. Extensive evidence points to long-term synaptic potentiation (LTP) as a mechanism contributing to memory formation. Here we determined in adolescent C57/Bl6 mice the effects of stress on LTP in the LA-BLA pathway and the specific roles of corticosteroid and β-adrenergic receptor activation in this process. Principal Findings Exposure to 20 min of restraint stress (compared to control treatment) prior to slice preparation enhanced subsequent LTP induction in vitro, without affecting baseline fEPSP responses. The role of glucocorticoid receptors, mineralocorticoid receptors and β2-adrenoceptors in the effects of stress was studied by treating mice with the antagonists mifepristone, spironolactone or propranolol respectively (or the corresponding vehicles) prior to stress or control treatment. In undisturbed controls, mifepristone and propranolol administration in vivo did not influence LTP induced in vitro. By contrast, spironolactone caused a gradually attenuating form of LTP, both in unstressed and stressed mice. Mifepristone treatment prior to stress strongly reduced the ability to induce LTP in vitro. Propranolol normalized the stress-induced enhancement of LTP to control levels during the first 10 min after high frequency stimulation, after which synaptic responses further declined. Conclusions Acute stress changes BLA electrical properties such that subsequent LTP induction is facilitated. Both β-adrenergic and glucocorticoid receptors are involved in the development of these changes. Mineralocorticoid receptors are important for the maintenance of LTP in the BLA, irrespective of stress-induced changes in the circuit. The prolonged changes in BLA network function after stress may contribute to effective memory formation of emotional and stressful events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratna Angela Sarabdjitsingh
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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24
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Krugers HJ, Karst H, Joels M. Interactions between noradrenaline and corticosteroids in the brain: from electrical activity to cognitive performance. Front Cell Neurosci 2012; 6:15. [PMID: 22509154 PMCID: PMC3321636 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2012.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the core reactions in response to a stressful situation is the activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis which increases the release of glucocorticoid hormones from the adrenal glands. In concert with other neuro-modulators, such as (nor)adrenaline, these hormones enable and promote cognitive adaptation to stressful events. Recent studies have demonstrated that glucocorticoid hormones and noradrenaline, via their receptors, can both rapidly and persistently regulate the function of excitatory synapses which are critical for storage of information. Here we will review how glucocorticoids and noradrenaline alone and in synergy dynamically tune these synapses in the hippocampus and amygdala, and discuss how these hormones interact to promote behavioral adaptation to stressful situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harm J Krugers
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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25
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Maigaard K, Hageman I, Jørgensen A, Jørgensen MB, Wörtwein G. Electroconvulsive stimulations prevent chronic stress-induced increases in L-type calcium channel mRNAs in the hippocampus and basolateral amygdala. Neurosci Lett 2012; 516:24-8. [PMID: 22465249 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Although affective disorders have high prevalence, morbidity and mortality, we do not fully understand disease etiopathology, nor have we determined the exact mechanisms by which treatment works. Recent research indicates that intracellular calcium ion dysfunction might be involved. Here we use the chronic restraint stress model of affective disorder (6 h restraint per day for 21 days) in combination with electroconvulsive stimulations to examine the effects of stress and an effective antidepressive treatment modality on L-type voltage gated calcium channel subunit mRNA expression patterns in the brain. We find that stress tended to upregulate Ca(v)1.2 and Ca(v)1.3 channels in a brain region specific manner, while ECS tended to normalise this effect. This was more pronounced for Ca(v)1.2 channels, where stress clearly increased expression in both the basolateral amygdala, dentate gyrus and CA3, while stress only upregulated Ca(v)1.3 channel expression significantly in the dentate gyrus. ECS effects on Ca(v)1.2 channel expression were generally specific to stressed animals. Our findings are consistent with and extent previous studies on the involvement of intracellular calcium ion dysfunction in affective disorders. Selective modulation of neuronal L-type voltage gated calcium channels appears to be a promising target for the development of novel antidepressive treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Maigaard
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen and Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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Foster TC. Dissecting the age-related decline on spatial learning and memory tasks in rodent models: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in senescent synaptic plasticity. Prog Neurobiol 2012; 96:283-303. [PMID: 22307057 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
In humans, heterogeneity in the decline of hippocampal-dependent episodic memory is observed during aging. Rodents have been employed as models of age-related cognitive decline and the spatial water maze has been used to show variability in the emergence and extent of impaired hippocampal-dependent memory. Impairment in the consolidation of intermediate-term memory for rapidly acquired and flexible spatial information emerges early, in middle-age. As aging proceeds, deficits may broaden to include impaired incremental learning of a spatial reference memory. The extent and time course of impairment has been be linked to senescence of calcium (Ca²⁺) regulation and Ca²⁺-dependent synaptic plasticity mechanisms in region CA1. Specifically, aging is associated with altered function of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ channels (VDCCs), and ryanodine receptors (RyRs) linked to intracellular Ca²⁺ stores (ICS). In young animals, NMDAR activation induces long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission (NMDAR-LTP), which is thought to mediate the rapid consolidation of intermediate-term memory. Oxidative stress, starting in middle-age, reduces NMDAR function. In addition, VDCCs and ICS can actively inhibit NMDAR-dependent LTP and oxidative stress enhances the role of VDCC and RyR-ICS in regulating synaptic plasticity. Blockade of L-type VDCCs promotes NMDAR-LTP and memory in older animals. Interestingly, pharmacological or genetic manipulations to reduce hippocampal NMDAR function readily impair memory consolidation or rapid learning, generally leaving incremental learning intact. Finally, evidence is mounting to indicate a role for VDCC-dependent synaptic plasticity in associative learning and the consolidation of remote memories. Thus, VDCC-dependent synaptic plasticity and extrahippocampal systems may contribute to incremental learning deficits observed with advanced aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 100244, Gainesville, FL 32610-0244, USA. ,
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27
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Brandao KE, Dell'Acqua ML, Levinson SR. A-kinase anchoring protein 150 expression in a specific subset of TRPV1- and CaV 1.2-positive nociceptive rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. J Comp Neurol 2012; 520:81-99. [PMID: 21674494 PMCID: PMC4807902 DOI: 10.1002/cne.22692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of phosphorylation states of ion channels is a critical step in the development of hyperalgesia during inflammation. Modulatory enhancement of channel activity may increase neuronal excitability and affect downstream targets such as gene transcription. The specificity required for such regulation of ion channels quickly occurs via targeting of protein kinases and phosphatases by the scaffolding A-kinase anchoring protein 79/150 (AKAP79/150). AKAP79/150 has been implicated in inflammatory pain by targeting protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) to the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel in peripheral sensory neurons, thus lowering threshold for activation of the channel by multiple inflammatory reagents. However, the expression pattern of AKAP150 in peripheral sensory neurons is unknown. Here we identify the peripheral neuron subtypes that express AKAP150, the subcellular distribution of AKAP150, and the potential target ion channels in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) slices. We found that AKAP150 is expressed predominantly in a subset of small DRG sensory neurons, where it is localized at the plasma membrane of the soma, axon initial segment, and small fibers. Most of these neurons are peripherin positive and produce C fibers, although a small portion produce Aδ fibers. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AKAP79/150 colocalizes with TRPV1 and Ca(V) 1.2 in the soma and axon initial segment. Thus AKAP150 is expressed in small, nociceptive DRG neurons, where it is targeted to membrane regions and where it may play a role in the modulation of ion channel phosphorylation states required for hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Brandao
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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28
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Tuckwell HC. Quantitative aspects of L-type Ca2+ currents. Prog Neurobiol 2012; 96:1-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Joëls M, Karst H. Corticosteroid effects on calcium signaling in limbic neurons. Cell Calcium 2011; 51:277-83. [PMID: 22153720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Corticosteroid hormones, which are released in high amounts after stress, easily pass the blood-brain-barrier. In the brain they bind to intracellular receptors which act as transcriptional regulators. These receptors are highly expressed in neurons of the hippocampal formation and the amygdala, areas that play a role in (emotional) memory formation. Voltage gated Ca(2+) channels are among the most prominent targets of corticosteroid hormones. When the levels of corticosterone - the prevalent corticosteroid in rats and mice- are low, L-type Ca(2+) currents of CA1 hippocampal cells are small. However, when hormone levels rise e.g. after stress, the amplitude of L-type Ca(2+) currents will be slowly enhanced, through a process requiring DNA binding of glucocorticoid receptor homodimers. Kinetic properties and voltage dependency of the currents remain unchanged. Neurons in the basolateral amygdala respond in a comparable fashion, but Ca(2+) currents of neurons in the dentate gyrus are unaffected by corticosteroids. The stress-induced increase in Ca(2+) influx has considerable functional consequences in health and disease. At the short term, i.e. 1-4h after stress, the enhanced Ca(2+) influx contributes to stronger firing frequency accommodation and a higher threshold for the induction of long-term potentiation. This helps to normalize neuronal activity after stress and presumably protects earlier encoded, stress-related information. At the longer term, though, increased Ca(2+) load may impose a risk, increasing the vulnerability of limbic cells to additional challenges e.g. during epileptic or ischemic episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Joëls
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Division of Neuroscience, Rudolf Magnus Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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30
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Mah SJ, Fleck MW, Lindsley TA. Ethanol alters calcium signaling in axonal growth cones. Neuroscience 2011; 189:384-96. [PMID: 21664257 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) channels are sensitive to ethanol and Ca2+ signaling is a critical regulator of axonal growth and guidance. Effects of acute and chronic exposure to ethanol (22, 43, or 87 mM) on voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) in whole cells, and KCl-induced Ca2+ transients in axonal growth cones, were examined using dissociated hippocampal cultures. Whole-cell patch-clamp analysis in neurons with newly-formed axons (Stage 3) revealed that rapidly inactivating, low-voltage activated (LVA) and non-inactivating, high-voltage activated (HVA) currents were both inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by acute ethanol, with relatively greater inhibition of HVA currents. When assessed by Fluo-4-AM imaging, baseline fluorescence and Ca2+ response to ethanol in Stage 3 neurons was similar compared to neurons without axons, but peak Ca2+ transient amplitudes in response to bath-applied KCl were greater in Stage 3 neurons and were decreased by acute ethanol. The amplitude of Ca2+ transients elicited specifically in axonal growth cones by focal application of KCl was also inhibited by acute exposure to moderate-to-high concentrations of ethanol (43 or 87 mM), whereas a lower concentration (22 mM) had no effect. When 43 or 87 mM ethanol was present continuously in the medium, KCl-evoked Ca2+ transient amplitudes were also reduced in growth cones. In contrast, Ca2+ transients were increased by continuous exposure to 22 mM ethanol. Visualization using a fluorescent dihydropyridine analog revealed that neurons continuously exposed to ethanol expressed increased amounts of L-type Ca2+ channels, with greater increases in axonal growth cones than cell bodies. Thus, acute ethanol reduces Ca2+ current and KCl-induced Ca2+ responses in whole cells and axonal growth cones, respectively, and chronic exposure is also generally inhibitory despite apparent up-regulation of L-type channel expression. These results are consistent with a role for altered growth cone Ca2+ signaling in abnormal neuromorphogenesis associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Mah
- Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College (MC-136), 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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31
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Impact of glucocorticoids on brain function: relevance for mood disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2011; 36:406-14. [PMID: 20382481 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to stressful situations activates two hormonal systems that help the organism to adapt. On the one hand stress hormones achieve adaptation by affecting peripheral organs, on the other hand by altering brain function such that appropriate behavioral strategies are selected for optimal performance at the short term, while relevant information is stored for reference in the future. In this chapter we describe how cellular effects induced by stress hormones--in particular by glucocorticoids--may contribute to the behavioral outcome after a single stressor. In addition to situations of acute stress, chronic uncontrollable and unpredictable stress also exerts profound effects on structure and function of limbic neurons. The impact of chronic stress is not a mere cumulative effect of what is seen after acute stress exposure. Dendritic trees are expanded in some regions but reduced in others. In general, cells are exposed to a higher calcium load upon depolarization, but show attenuated responses to serotonin. Synaptic strengthening is largely impaired. In this viewpoint we speculate how cellular effects after chronic stress may be maladaptive and could contribute to the development of psychopathology in genetically vulnerable individuals.
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32
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Sandi C. Glucocorticoids act on glutamatergic pathways to affect memory processes. Trends Neurosci 2011; 34:165-76. [PMID: 21377221 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2011.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids can acutely affect memory processes, with both facilitating and impairing effects having been described. Recent work has revealed that glucocorticoids may affect learning and memory processes by interacting with glutamatergic mechanisms. In this opinion article I describe different glutamatergic pathways that glucocorticoids can affect to modulate memory processes. Furthermore, glucocorticoid-glutamatergic interactions during information processing are proposed as a potential model to explain many of the diverse actions of glucocorticoids on cognition. The model suggests that direct modulation of glutamatergic pathways by glucocorticoids could serve as an important mechanism for these hormones to directly alter cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sandi
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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33
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Abstract
Corticosterone activates two types of intracellular receptors in the rodent brain: the high affinity mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and lower affinity glucocorticoid receptor (GR). These receptors act as transcriptional regulators and mediate slow changes in neuronal activity in a region-dependent manner. For example, in CA1 pyramidal cells, corticosterone slowly changes Ca(2+) currents and glutamate transmission but dentate granule cells appear to be resistant. Recent studies have shown that corticosteroids also exert rapid MR-dependent, nongenomic effects on hippocampal CA1 cells [e.g. increasing the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs)]. In the present study, we investigated whether dentate granule cells are also resistant to the rapid effects of corticosterone. We found that, comparable to the CA1 area, corticosterone quickly and reversibly increases mEPSC frequency but not amplitude of dentate cells. This effect did not require protein synthesis and displayed the pharmacological profile of an MR- rather than GR-dependent event. These data support the hypothesis that, unlike the slow gene-mediated effects of corticosterone, rapid hormonal actions are quite similar for CA1 and dentate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pasricha
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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34
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Metaplasticity of amygdalar responses to the stress hormone corticosterone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:14449-54. [PMID: 20663957 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0914381107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
High levels of corticosteroids (as circulate after stress) quickly and reversibly enhance hippocampal glutamatergic transmission via nongenomic actions requiring mineralocorticoid receptors. Subsequently, the hormone slowly and long-lastingly normalizes hippocampal cell function, through nuclear glucocorticoid receptors. Here we describe a rapid mineralocorticoid receptor-dependent enhancement of glutamatergic transmission in basolateral amygdala neurons. Contrary to the hippocampus, this rapid enhancement is long-lasting, potentially allowing an extended window for encoding of emotional aspects during stressful events. Importantly, the long-lasting change in state of amygdala neurons greatly affects the responsiveness to subsequent surges of corticosterone, revealing a quick suppression of glutamatergic transmission, which requires the glucocorticoid receptor. Responses of basolateral amygdala neurons to the stress hormone corticosterone can thus switch from excitatory to inhibitory, depending on the recent stress history of the organism.
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35
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Krugers HJ, Lucassen PJ, Karst H, Joëls M. Chronic stress effects on hippocampal structure and synaptic function: relevance for depression and normalization by anti-glucocorticoid treatment. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2010; 2:24. [PMID: 21423510 PMCID: PMC3059694 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2010.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of an organism to environmental challenges activates two hormonal systems that help the organism to adapt. As part of this adaptational process, brain processes are changed such that appropriate behavioral strategies are selected that allow optimal performance at the short term, while relevant information is stored for the future. Over the past years it has become evident that chronic uncontrollable and unpredictable stress also exerts profound effects on structure and function of limbic neurons, but the impact of chronic stress is not a mere accumulation of repeated episodes of acute stress exposure. Dendritic trees are reduced in some regions but expanded in others, and cells are generally exposed to a higher calcium load upon depolarization. Synaptic strengthening is largely impaired. Neurotransmitter responses are also changed, e.g., responses to serotonin. We here discuss: (a) the main cellular effects after chronic stress with emphasis on the hippocampus, (b) how such effects could contribute to the development of psychopathology in genetically vulnerable individuals, and (c) their normalization by brief treatment with anti-glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmen J. Krugers
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of AmsterdamAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paul J. Lucassen
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of AmsterdamAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henk Karst
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marian Joëls
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of AmsterdamAmsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht, Netherlands
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36
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van Gemert NG, Carvalho DMM, Karst H, van der Laan S, Zhang M, Meijer OC, Hell JW, Joëls M. Dissociation between rat hippocampal CA1 and dentate gyrus cells in their response to corticosterone: effects on calcium channel protein and current. Endocrinology 2009; 150:4615-24. [PMID: 19589863 PMCID: PMC2754681 DOI: 10.1210/en.2009-0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Stress and corticosterone affect, via glucocorticoid receptors, cellular physiology in the rodent brain. A well-documented example concerns corticosteroid effects on high-voltage activated (L type) calcium currents in the hippocampal CA1 area. We tested whether corticosterone also affects calcium currents in another hippocampal area that highly expresses glucocorticoid receptors, i.e. the dentate gyrus (DG). Remarkably, corticosterone (100 nm, given for 20 min, 1-4.5 hr before recording) did not change high-voltage activated calcium currents in the DG, whereas currents in the CA1 area of the same rats were increased. Follow-up studies revealed that no apparent dissociation between the two areas was observed with respect to transcriptional regulation of calcium channel subunits; thus, in both areas corticosterone increased mRNA levels of the calcium channel-beta4 but not the (alpha) Ca(v)1.2 subunit. At the protein level, however, beta4 and Ca(v)1.2 levels were significantly up-regulated by corticosterone in the CA1 but not the DG area. These data suggest that stress-induced elevations in the level of corticosterone result in a regionally differentiated physiological response that is not simply determined by the glucocorticoid receptor distribution and that the observed regional differentiation may be caused by a gene involved in the translational machinery or in mechanisms regulating mRNA or protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeltje G van Gemert
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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37
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Zhou Y, Won J, Karlsson MG, Zhou M, Rogerson T, Balaji J, Neve R, Poirazi P, Silva AJ. CREB regulates excitability and the allocation of memory to subsets of neurons in the amygdala. Nat Neurosci 2009; 12:1438-43. [PMID: 19783993 PMCID: PMC2783698 DOI: 10.1038/nn.2405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms that determine how information is allocated to specific regions and cells in the brain are fundamentally important for memory capacity, storage and retrieval, but are poorly understood. Here, we manipulated CREB in a subset of lateral amygdala (LA) neurons with a modified Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), and reversibly inactivated transfected neurons with the Drosophila allatostatin G-protein-coupled receptor (AlstR)/ligand system. We found that inactivation of the HSV-CREB subpopulation of neurons with allatostatin (AL) during training disrupted memory for tone conditioning, while inactivation of a similar proportion of HSV-LacZ control neurons did not. Whole-cell recordings of fluorescently tagged HSV-CREB neurons revealed that neurons with higher CREB levels are more excitable than neighboring neurons, and show larger synaptic efficacy changes following conditioning. Our findings demonstrate that CREB modulates the allocation of fear memory to specific cells in lateral amygdala, and suggest that neuronal excitability plays a key role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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38
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Liebmann L, Karst H, Joëls M. Effects of corticosterone and the β-agonist isoproterenol on glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic currents in the rat basolateral amygdala. Eur J Neurosci 2009; 30:800-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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39
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Joëls M, Krugers HJ, Lucassen PJ, Karst H. Corticosteroid effects on cellular physiology of limbic cells. Brain Res 2009; 1293:91-100. [PMID: 19332034 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
After stress, circulating levels of stress hormones such as corticosterone are markedly increased. This will have an impact on the neurophysiology of limbic neurons that highly express corticosteroid receptors. Over the past decades several principles about the neurophysiological impact of corticosterone have emerged. First, corticosterone can quickly raise the excitability of hippocampal CA1 neurons shortly after stress exposure, via a nongenomic pathway involving mineralocorticoid receptors presumably located in the pre- as well as postsynaptic membrane. At the same time, gene-mediated actions via the glucocorticoid receptor are started which some hours later will result in enhanced calcium influx and impaired ability to induce long-term potentiation. These delayed actions are interpreted as a means to slowly normalize hippocampal activity and preserve information encoded early on after stress. Second, the full spectrum of neurophysiological actions by corticosterone is accomplished in interaction with other stress mediators, like noradrenaline. Third, these effects in the CA1 hippocampal region cannot be generalized to other brain regions such as the basolateral amygdala or paraventricular nucleus: There seems to be a highly differentiated response, which could serve to facilitate neuroendocrine/cognitive processing of some aspects of stress-related information, but attenuate other aspects. Finally, the time- and region-specific corticosteroid actions strongly depend on the individual's life history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Joëls
- SILS-CNS, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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40
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L-Measure: a web-accessible tool for the analysis, comparison and search of digital reconstructions of neuronal morphologies. Nat Protoc 2008; 3:866-76. [PMID: 18451794 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2008.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
L-Measure (LM) is a freely available software tool for the quantitative characterization of neuronal morphology. LM computes a large number of neuroanatomical parameters from 3D digital reconstruction files starting from and combining a set of core metrics. After more than six years of development and use in the neuroscience community, LM enables the execution of commonly adopted analyses as well as of more advanced functions. This report illustrates several LM protocols: (i) extraction of basic morphological parameters, (ii) computation of frequency distributions, (iii) measurements from user-specified subregions of the neuronal arbors, (iv) statistical comparison between two groups of cells and (v) filtered selections and searches from collections of neurons based on any Boolean combination of the available morphometric measures. These functionalities are easily accessed and deployed through a user-friendly graphical interface and typically execute within few minutes on a set of approximately 20 neurons. The tool is available at http://krasnow.gmu.edu/cn3 for either online use on any Java-enabled browser and platform or download for local execution under Windows and Linux.
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