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Collins HE, Alexander BT, Care AS, Davenport MH, Davidge ST, Eghbali M, Giussani DA, Hoes MF, Julian CG, LaVoie HA, Olfert IM, Ozanne SE, Bytautiene Prewit E, Warrington JP, Zhang L, Goulopoulou S. Guidelines for assessing maternal cardiovascular physiology during pregnancy and postpartum. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 327:H191-H220. [PMID: 38758127 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00055.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Maternal mortality rates are at an all-time high across the world and are set to increase in subsequent years. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death during pregnancy and postpartum, especially in the United States. Therefore, understanding the physiological changes in the cardiovascular system during normal pregnancy is necessary to understand disease-related pathology. Significant systemic and cardiovascular physiological changes occur during pregnancy that are essential for supporting the maternal-fetal dyad. The physiological impact of pregnancy on the cardiovascular system has been examined in both experimental animal models and in humans. However, there is a continued need in this field of study to provide increased rigor and reproducibility. Therefore, these guidelines aim to provide information regarding best practices and recommendations to accurately and rigorously measure cardiovascular physiology during normal and cardiovascular disease-complicated pregnancies in human and animal models.
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Grants
- HL169157 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HD083132 HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- Jewish Heritage Fund for Excellence
- The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- P20GM103499 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- Distinguished University Professor
- HL146562 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- The Lister Insititute
- ES032920 HHS | NIH | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
- Canadian Insitute's of Health Research Foundation Grant
- HL149608 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Christenson professor In Active Healthy Living
- Royal Society (The Royal Society)
- U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)
- HL138181 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- MC_00014/4 UKRI | Medical Research Council (MRC)
- HD111908 HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- HL163003 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- APP2002129 NHMRC Ideas Grant
- HL159865 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- British Heart Foundation (BHF)
- HL131182 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL163818 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- NS103017 HHS | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
- HL143459 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- 20CSA35320107 American Heart Association (AHA)
- RG/17/12/33167 British Heart Foundation (BHF)
- National Heart Foundation Future Leader Fellowship
- P20GM121334 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- HL146562-04S1 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HL155295 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- HD088590-06 HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- HL147844 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- WVU SOM Synergy Grant
- R01 HL146562 NHLBI NIH HHS
- HL159447 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- ES034646-01 HHS | NIH | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
- HL150472 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- 2021T017 Dutch Heart Foundation Dekker Grant
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Collins
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Barbara T Alexander
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Alison S Care
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | | | | | - Colleen G Julian
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Holly A LaVoie
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - I Mark Olfert
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | | | | | - Junie P Warrington
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States
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Osikoya O, Hula N, da Silva RDNO, Goulopoulou S. Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Uterine Artery Adaptations to Pregnancy. Microcirculation 2024:e12857. [PMID: 38826057 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Pregnancy is characterized by longitudinal maternal, physiological adaptations to support the development of a fetus. One of the cardinal maternal adaptations during a healthy pregnancy is a progressive increase in uterine artery blood flow. This facilitates sufficient blood supply for the development of the placenta and the growing fetus. Regional hemodynamic changes in the uterine circulation, such as a vast reduction in uterine artery resistance, are mainly facilitated by changes in uterine artery reactivity and myogenic tone along with remodeling of the uterine arteries. These regional changes in vascular reactivity have been attributed to pregnancy-induced adaptations of cell-to-cell communication mechanisms, with an emphasis on the interaction between endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is considered the fourth layer of the vascular wall and contributes to the regulation of vascular reactivity in most vascular beds and most species. This review focuses on mechanisms of uterine artery reactivity and the role of PVAT in pregnancy-induced maternal vascular adaptations, with an emphasis on the uterine circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatobiloba Osikoya
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Nataliia Hula
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Renée de Nazaré Oliveira da Silva
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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Nunes PR, Pereira DA, Passeti LFP, Coura LLF, Gomes KB, Sandrim VC, Luizon MR. The interplay between extracellular NAMPT and inflammatory cytokines in preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 163:104248. [PMID: 38703439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is the major cause of maternal-fetal mortality and morbidity. Its pathophysiology is not elucidated, but there is evidence for the role of visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT), mainly due to its relation to endothelial dysfunction, a hallmark of PE. However, there is heterogeneous data regarding visfatin/NAMPT in healthy pregnancy (HP) and PE. Therefore, we performed a search on MEDLINE/PubMed using the terms "visfatin and preeclampsia" and "NAMPT and preeclampsia, and we selected 23 original articles: 12 articles reported increased levels in PE compared to HP, only four articles showed lower levels and eight articles did not find differences regarding visfatin/NAMPT in the groups studied. It is widely acknowledged that levels detected in plasma, serum, or placenta can be influenced by the size of the population and sample analyzed, as well as genetic factors. We further discussed the correlations of visfatin/NAMPT with clinical biomarkers in PE and inflammatory pathways. Considering the common inflammatory mechanisms between PE and visfatin/NAMPT, few studies have recently performed serum or plasma dosages. In conclusion, further studies are needed to highlight the potential role of visfatin/NAMPT in the pathophysiology of PE. This will provide comparative evidence to establish it as a biomarker for disease outcomes and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Rezeck Nunes
- Department of Pharmacology and Biophysics, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Alves Pereira
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luis Fernando Pereira Passeti
- Department of Pharmacology and Biophysics, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lídia Lana Ferreira Coura
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Karina Braga Gomes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valeria Cristina Sandrim
- Department of Pharmacology and Biophysics, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rizzatti Luizon
- Department of Pharmacology and Biophysics, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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4
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Shaw LJ, Patel K, Lala-Trindade A, Feltovich H, Vieira L, Kontorovich A, Ananth C, Taqueti VR, Mitrani L, Stern T, DeBolt C, Kase N, Smith RT, Narula J, Mehran R, Bianco A, Bhatt DL, Stone JL. Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia-Induced Vascular Dysfunction and Implications for Subclinical Myocardial Damage and Heart Failure. JACC. ADVANCES 2024; 3:100980. [PMID: 38938863 PMCID: PMC11198310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Tragically, preeclampsia is a leading cause of pregnancy-related complications and is linked to a heightened risk for morbid and fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. Although the mechanism connecting preeclampsia to CVD risk has yet to be fully elucidated, evidence suggests distinct pathways of early and late preeclampsia with shared CV risk factors but with profound differences in perinatal and postpartum risk to the mother and infant. In early preeclampsia, <34 weeks of gestation, systemic vascular dysfunction contributes to near-term subclinical myocardial damage. Hypertrophy and diastolic abnormalities persist postpartum and contribute to early onset heart failure (HF). This HF risk remains elevated decades later and contributes to premature death. Black women are at the highest risk of preeclampsia and HF. These findings support closer monitoring of women postpartum, especially for those with early and severe preeclampsia to control chronic hypertension and reduce the potentially preventable sequelae of heightened CVD and HF risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslee J. Shaw
- Blavatnik Family Women’s Health Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Women’s Heart and Vascular Center at Mount Sinai Heart, New York, New York, USA
- The Lauder Family Cardiovascular Center of Mount Sinai Heart, Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine (Cardiology), New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, New York, New York, USA
- Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, New York, New York, USA
| | - Krishna Patel
- Blavatnik Family Women’s Health Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Women’s Heart and Vascular Center at Mount Sinai Heart, New York, New York, USA
- The Lauder Family Cardiovascular Center of Mount Sinai Heart, Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine (Cardiology), New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anuradha Lala-Trindade
- The Lauder Family Cardiovascular Center of Mount Sinai Heart, Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine (Cardiology), New York, New York, USA
| | - Helen Feltovich
- Blavatnik Family Women’s Health Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, New York, New York, USA
| | - Luciana Vieira
- Blavatnik Family Women’s Health Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy Kontorovich
- The Lauder Family Cardiovascular Center of Mount Sinai Heart, Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine (Cardiology), New York, New York, USA
| | - Cande Ananth
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Viviany R. Taqueti
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lindsey Mitrani
- The Lauder Family Cardiovascular Center of Mount Sinai Heart, Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine (Cardiology), New York, New York, USA
| | - Toni Stern
- Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chelsea DeBolt
- Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nathan Kase
- Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, New York, New York, USA
| | - R. Theodore Smith
- Department of Opthamology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jagat Narula
- UT Health Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Roxana Mehran
- Women’s Heart and Vascular Center at Mount Sinai Heart, New York, New York, USA
- The Lauder Family Cardiovascular Center of Mount Sinai Heart, Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine (Cardiology), New York, New York, USA
| | - Angela Bianco
- Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deepak L. Bhatt
- The Lauder Family Cardiovascular Center of Mount Sinai Heart, Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine (Cardiology), New York, New York, USA
| | - Joanne L. Stone
- Raquel and Jaime Gilinski Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, New York, New York, USA
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Van Schoor K, Bruet E, Jones EAV, Migeotte I. Origin and flow-mediated remodeling of the murine and human extraembryonic circulation systems. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1395006. [PMID: 38818524 PMCID: PMC11137303 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1395006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The transduction of mechanical stimuli produced by blood flow is an important regulator of vascular development. The vitelline and umbilico-placental circulations are extraembryonic vascular systems that are required for proper embryonic development in mammalian embryos. The morphogenesis of the extraembryonic vasculature and the cardiovascular system of the embryo are hemodynamically and molecularly connected. Here we provide an overview of the establishment of the murine and human vitelline and umbilico-placental vascular systems and how blood flow influences various steps in their development. A deeper comprehension of extraembryonic vessel development may aid the establishment of stem-cell based embryo models and provide novel insights to understanding pregnancy complications related to the umbilical cord and placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Van Schoor
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Jacques E. Dumont, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Bruet
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Jacques E. Dumont, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth Anne Vincent Jones
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Jacques E. Dumont, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Jeong U, Yoon S, Park S, Jeon TJ, Kim SM. 3D Artificial Skin Platform for Investigating Pregnancy-Related Skin Pigmentation. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:511. [PMID: 38675322 PMCID: PMC11052160 DOI: 10.3390/mi15040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we created a 3D Artificial Skin Platform that can be used for the treatment of pigmentation by artificially realizing the skin of pregnant women. For the stable realization of 3D artificial skin, a bilayer hydrogel composed of collagen type I and fibrin was designed and applied to the study to reduce the tension-induced contraction of collagen type I, the extracellular matrix (ECM) of artificial skin, by dynamic culture. Oxygen concentration and 17β-Estradiol (E2) concentration, which are highly related to melanin production, were selected as parameters of the pregnancy environment and applied to cell culture. Oxygen concentration, which is locally reduced in the first trimester (2.5-3%), and E2, which is upregulated in the third trimester, were applied to the cell culture process. We analyzed whether the 3D artificial skin implemented in the 3D Artificial Skin Platform could better represent the tendency of melanin expression in pregnant women than cells cultured under the same conditions in 2D. The expression levels of melanin and melanin-related genes in the 2D cell culture did not show a significant trend that was similar to the melanin expression trend in pregnant women. However, the 3D artificial skin platform showed a significant trend towards a 2-6-fold increase in melanin expression in response to low oxygen concentrations (2.5%) and E2 concentrations (17 ng/mL), which was similar to the trend in pregnant women in vivo. These results suggest that 3D artificial skin cultured on the Artificial Skin Platform has the potential to be used as a substitute for human pregnant skin in various research fields related to the treatment of pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uiechan Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sunhee Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Mechanical and System Design Engineering, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae-Joon Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea;
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Esposito M, Gatto M, Cipolla MJ, Bernstein IM, Mandalà M. Dilation of Pregnant Rat Uterine Arteries with Phenols from Extra Virgin Olive Oil Is Endothelium-Dependent and Involves Calcium and Potassium Channels. Cells 2024; 13:619. [PMID: 38607058 PMCID: PMC11011993 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, uterine vasculature undergoes significant circumferential growth to increase uterine blood flow, vital for the growing feto-placental unit. However, this process is often compromised in conditions like maternal high blood pressure, particularly in preeclampsia (PE), leading to fetal growth impairment. Currently, there is no cure for PE, partly due to the adverse effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on maternal and fetal health. This study aimed to investigate the vasodilator effect of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenols on the reproductive vasculature, potentially benefiting both mother and fetus. Isolated uterine arteries (UAs) from pregnant rats were tested with EVOO phenols in a pressurized myograph. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, additional experiments were conducted with specific inhibitors: L-NAME/L-NNA (10-4 M) for nitric oxide synthases, ODQ (10-5 M) for guanylate cyclase, Verapamil (10-5 M) for the L-type calcium channel, Ryanodine (10-5 M) + 2-APB (3 × 10-5 M) for ryanodine and the inositol triphosphate receptors, respectively, and Paxilline (10-5 M) for the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel. The results indicated that EVOO-phenols activate Ca2+ signaling pathways, generating nitric oxide, inducing vasodilation via cGMP and BKCa2+ signals in smooth muscle cells. This study suggests the potential use of EVOO phenols to prevent utero-placental blood flow restriction, offering a promising avenue for managing PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Esposito
- Department of Biology, Ecology & Earth Science, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; (M.E.); (M.G.)
| | - Mariacarmela Gatto
- Department of Biology, Ecology & Earth Science, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; (M.E.); (M.G.)
| | - Marilyn J. Cipolla
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
| | - Ira M. Bernstein
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
| | - Maurizio Mandalà
- Department of Biology, Ecology & Earth Science, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; (M.E.); (M.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
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Yadav P, Chen DB, Kumar S. Region-Specific and Pregnancy-Enhanced Vasodilator Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide. OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY RESEARCH 2023; 6:309-316. [PMID: 38288009 PMCID: PMC10824528 DOI: 10.26502/ogr0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a cardiovascular signaling molecule that causes vasodilation in vascular smooth muscle cells, but its mechanism is unclear. We examined how H2S affects mesenteric and uterine arteries without endothelium in nonpregnant and pregnant rats and the underlying mechanisms. H2S donors GYY4137 and NaHS relaxed uterine arteries more than mesenteric arteries in both pregnant and nonpregnant rats. GYY4137 and NaHS caused greater relaxation in the uterine artery of pregnant versus nonpregnant rats. High extracellular K+ abolished NaHS relaxation in pregnant uterine arteries, indicating potassium channel involvement. NaHS relaxation was unaffected by voltage-gated potassium channel blockers, reduced by ATP-sensitive potassium channel blockers, and abolished by calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channel blockers. Thiol-reductant dithiothreitol also prevented NaHS relaxation. Thus, H2S has region-specific and pregnancy-enhanced vasodilator effects in the uterine arteries, mainly mediated by BKCa channels and sulfhydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Yadav
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Dong-Bao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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Abouelela YS, Shaker NA, El-Shahat KH, Bashir DW, El-Sherbiny HR, Abdelnaby EA. Anatomical, histological, and histochemical alterations in portio vaginalis uteri with an evaluation of the vaginal artery vascularity during the luteal and early pregnant stages in domestic buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:260. [PMID: 38057858 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03816-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The portio-vaginalis uteri (PVU) and its mucus secretion have shown an essential role in conception. A significant endeavour to improve buffaloes' reproductive efficiency is the investigation of their basic reproductive pattern, which provides a reference for applications in breeding and pregnancy. The present study aimed to evaluate the anatomical and histological alterations in PVU regarding to the vaginal artery (VA) hemodynamic at luteal and early pregnant stages in buffalos. Egyptian live buffaloes (n = 16) and fresh genitals (n = 25) of mature buffalo were used. Different luteal and early pregnant stages were macroscopically identified with the shape and mucosal colouration with discharges of the PVU. Histological examination showed a significant difference in area % of alcian blue and periodic acid Schiff positive granules which considered an indication for presence of acidic and neutral mucins respectively in the epithelial cells of PVU mucosa which increased in pregnant stage than in other luteal stages. VA assessment demonstrated an increase in luminal diameter and thickness of tunica muscularis in pregnant stage than other stages (P < 0.05). Middle uterine (MUA) and VA arteries peak velocity point (PSV mm/sec) were elevated (P < 0.05) in pregnant stage, with a marked reduction in both resistance and pulsatility indices (RI and PI), and ratio of systolic /diastolic (S/D). Positive correlation was detected between VA. PSV and, MUA. PSV (r = 0.87), but a negative relation was detected with VA. S/D (r = -0.77), VA.PI (r = -0.89), VA. RI (r = -0.97), MUA. S/D (r = -0.94), MUA. PI (r = -0.85), and MUA. RI (r = -0.88). Doppler indices were negatively corrected with the VA. PSV (r = -0.68). It was concluded that there was a significant alterations in histological features of the cervical PVU at different physiological stages (luteal and early pregnant) in buffalos in relation to the MUA and VA hemodynamic pattern and that hypotheses can be established regarding the female cyclicity that affected by both arteries hemodynamics change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara S Abouelela
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza Square, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Nora A Shaker
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza Square, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Khaled H El-Shahat
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dina W Bashir
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hossam R El-Sherbiny
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Elshymaa A Abdelnaby
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Kumar S, Song R, Mishra JS. Elevated gestational testosterone impacts vascular and uteroplacental function. Placenta 2023:S0143-4004(23)00598-2. [PMID: 37977936 PMCID: PMC11087376 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Maternal vascular adaptations to establish an adequate blood supply to the uterus and placenta are essential for optimal nutrient and oxygen delivery to the developing fetus in eutherian mammals, including humans. Numerous factors contribute to maintaining appropriate hemodynamics and placental vascular development throughout pregnancy. Failure to achieve or sustain these pregnancy-associated changes in women is strongly associated with an increased risk of antenatal complications, such as preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. The precise etiology of preeclampsia is unknown, but emerging evidence points to a potential role for androgens. The association between androgens and maternal cardiovascular and placental function merits particular attention due to the notable 2- to 3-fold elevated plasma testosterone (T) levels observed in preeclampsia. T levels in preeclamptic women positively correlate with vascular dysfunction, and preeclampsia is associated with increased androgen receptor (AR) levels in placental tissues. Moreover, animal studies replicating the pattern and magnitude of T increase observed in preeclamptic pregnancies have reproduced key features of preeclampsia, including gestational hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, heightened vasoconstriction to angiotensin II, impaired spiral artery remodeling, placental hypoxia, reduced nutrient transport, and fetal growth restriction. Collectively, these findings suggest that AR-mediated activity plays a significant role in the clinical presentation of preeclampsia. This review critically evaluates this hypothesis, considering both clinical and preclinical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.
| | - Ruolin Song
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jay S Mishra
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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11
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Allerkamp HH, Leighton S, Pole T, Clark AR, James JL. Synergistic regulation of uterine radial artery adaptation to pregnancy by paracrine and hemodynamic factors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H790-H805. [PMID: 37539447 PMCID: PMC10643003 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00205.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Fetal growth throughout pregnancy relies on delivery of an increasing volume of maternal blood to the placenta. To facilitate this, the uterine vascular network adapts structurally and functionally, resulting in wider blood vessels with decreased flow-mediated reactivity. Impaired remodeling of the rate-limiting uterine radial arteries has been associated with fetal growth restriction. However, the mechanisms underlying normal or pathological radial artery remodeling are poorly understood. Here, we used pressure myography to determine the roles of hemodynamic (resistance, flow rate, shear stress) and paracrine [β-estradiol, progesterone, placental growth factor (PlGF), vascular endothelial growth factor] factors on rat radial artery reactivity. We show that β-estradiol, progesterone, and PlGF attenuate flow-mediated constriction of radial arteries from nonpregnant rats, allowing them to withstand higher flow rates in a similar manner to pregnant vessels. This effect was partly mediated by nitric oxide (NO) production. To better understand how the combination of paracrine factors and shear stress may impact human radial artery remodeling in the first half of gestation, computational models of uterine hemodynamics, incorporating physiological parameters for trophoblast plugging and spiral artery remodeling, were used to predict shear stress in the upstream radial arteries across the first half of pregnancy. Human microvascular endothelial cells subjected to these predicted shear stresses demonstrated higher NO production when paracrine factors were added. This suggests that synergistic effects of paracrine and hemodynamic factors induce uterine vascular remodeling and that alterations in this balance could impair radial artery adaptation, limiting blood flow to the placenta and negatively impacting fetal growth.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Placenta-specific paracrine factors β-estradiol, progesterone, and placental growth factor attenuate flow-mediated constriction of the rate-limiting uterine radial arteries, enabling higher flow rates in pregnancy. These paracrine factors induce their actions in part via nitric oxide mediated mechanisms. A synergistic combination of paracrine factors and shear stress is likely necessary to produce sufficient levels of nitric oxide during early human pregnancy to trigger adequate uterine vascular adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. H. Allerkamp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S. Leighton
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - T. Pole
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A. R. Clark
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J. L. James
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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12
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Murtada SI, Latorre M, Humphrey JD. Remodeling of the uterine artery during and early after pregnancy in the mouse. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:1531-1540. [PMID: 36550244 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy associates with dramatic changes in maternal cardiovascular physiology that ensure that the utero-placental circulation can support the developing fetus. Particularly striking is the marked flow-induced remodeling of uterine arteries during pregnancy and their recovery following birth. Whereas details are available in the literature on alterations in hemodynamics within and changes in the dimensions of uterine arteries during and following pregnancy in mice, we report here the first biaxial biomechanical phenotyping of these arteries during this dynamic period of growth and remodeling (G&R). To gain additional insight into the measured G&R, we also use a computational constrained mixture model to describe and predict findings, including simulations related to complications that may arise during pregnancy. It is found that dramatic pregnancy-induced remodeling of the uterine artery is largely, but not completely, reversed in the postpartum period, which appears to be driven by increases in collagen turnover among other intramural changes. By contrast, data on the remodeling of the ascending aorta, an elastic artery, reveal modest changes that are fully recovered postpartum. There is strong motivation to continue biomechanical studies on this critical aspect of women's health, which has heretofore not received appropriate consideration from the biomechanics community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae-Il Murtada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marcos Latorre
- Center for Research and Innovation in Bioengineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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13
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Dangudubiyyam SV, Bosse B, Yadav P, Song R, Hofmann A, Mishra JS, Kumar S. Restoring Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor Function Reverses PFOS-Induced Vascular Hyper-Reactivity and Hypertension in Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14180. [PMID: 37762482 PMCID: PMC10531530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) exposure during pregnancy induces hypertension with decreased vasodilatory angiotensin type-2 receptor (AT2R) expression and impaired vascular reactivity and fetal weights. We hypothesized that AT2R activation restores the AT1R/AT2R balance and reverses gestational hypertension by improving vascular mechanisms. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to PFOS through drinking water (50 μg/mL) from gestation day (GD) 4-20. Controls received drinking water with no detectable PFOS. Control and PFOS-exposed rats were treated with AT2R agonist Compound 21 (C21; 0.3 mg/kg/day, SC) from GD 15-20. In PFOS dams, blood pressure was higher, blood flow in the uterine artery was reduced, and C21 reversed these to control levels. C21 mitigated the heightened contraction response to Ang II and enhanced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in uterine arteries of PFOS dams. The observed vascular effects of C21 were correlated with reduced AT1R levels and increased AT2R and eNOS protein levels. C21 also increased plasma bradykinin production in PFOS dams and attenuated the fetoplacental growth restriction. These data suggest that C21 improves the PFOS-induced maternal vascular dysfunction and blood flow to the fetoplacental unit, providing preclinical evidence to support that AT2R activation may be an important target for preventing or treating PFOS-induced adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Vidya Dangudubiyyam
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
- Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Bradley Bosse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Ruolin Song
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Alissa Hofmann
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
- Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Jay S. Mishra
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
- Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
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Stapleton PA. The Application of Engineered Nanomaterials in Perinatal Therapeutics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2303072. [PMID: 37438678 PMCID: PMC10784409 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a vulnerable life stage for the mother and developing fetus. Because of this dual concern, approved therapeutic options for pre-existing conditions or pregnancy-induced pathologies, placental deformities, or fetal concerns are extremely limited. These cases often leave patients and clinicians having to choose between maternal health and fetal development. Recent advancements in nanomedicine and nanotherapeutic devices have made the development of perinatal therapeutics an attractive objective. However, perinatal medicine requires a multifaceted approach given the interactions between maternal, placental, and fetal physiology. Maternal-fetal interactions are centralized to the placenta, a specialized transient barrier organ, to allow for nutrient and waste exchange. Perinatal nanotherapeutics must be designed for placental avoidance or uptake. In this review, pregnancy-related conditions, experimental models, and modes of drug delivery during pregnancy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe A Stapleton
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 160 Frelinghuysen Rd., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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Arishe OO, McKenzie J, Dela Justina V, Dos Anjos Moraes R, Webb RC, Priviero F. Piezo1 channels mediate vasorelaxation of uterine arteries from pseudopregnant rats. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1140989. [PMID: 37324378 PMCID: PMC10267476 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1140989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There is a great increase in uterine arterial blood flow during normal pregnancy, which is a result of the cardiovascular changes that occur in pregnancy to adapt the maternal vascular system to meet the increased metabolic needs of both the mother and the fetus. The cardiovascular changes include an increase in cardiac output and more importantly, dilation of the maternal uterine arteries. However, the exact mechanism for the vasodilation is not fully known. Piezo1 mechanosensitive channels are highly expressed in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells of small-diameter arteries and play a role in structural remodeling. In this study, we hypothesize that the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel plays a role in the dilation of the uterine artery (UA) during pregnancy. Methods: For this, 14-week-old pseudopregnant and virgin Sprague Dawley rats were used. In isolated segments of UA and mesenteric resistance arteries (MRA) mounted in a wire myograph, we investigated the effects of chemical activation of Piezo1, using Yoda 1. The mechanism of Yoda 1 induced relaxation was assessed by incubating the vessels with either vehicle or some inhibitors or in the presence of a potassium-free physiological salt solution (K+-free PSS). Results: Our results show that concentration-dependent relaxation responses to Yoda 1 are greater in the UA of the pseudo-pregnant rats than in those from the virgin rats while no differences between groups were observed in the MRAs. In both vascular beds, either in virgin or in pseudopregnant, relaxation to Yoda 1 was at least in part nitric oxide dependent. Discussion: Piezo1 channel mediates nitric oxide dependent relaxation, and this channel seems to contribute to the greater dilation that occurs in the uterine arteries of pseudo-pregnant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunke O. Arishe
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jaine McKenzie
- Department of General Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Vanessa Dela Justina
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goias, Brazil
| | - Raiana Dos Anjos Moraes
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - R. Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- College of Engineering and Computing, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Fernanda Priviero
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center—School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- College of Engineering and Computing, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, MO, United States
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16
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Liu Y, Xu X, Liu Q, Luo X, Cai B, He J, Liu R. Advanced tubal pregnancy at 34 weeks with eclampsia and HELLP syndrome: a case report and literature re. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:142. [PMID: 36870956 PMCID: PMC9985250 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05469-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubal ectopic pregnancies in the late stages of pregnancy are uncommon, and reports on their complications are scarce. We present the case of a woman who had a tubal ectopic pregnancy at around 34 weeks and developed severe pre-eclampsia complications. CASE A 27-year-old woman presented to our hospital several times with vomiting and convulsions. A physical exam revealed hypertension, scattered ecchymosis, and a large abdominal mass. A computed tomography (CT) scan performed in an emergency revealed an empty uterus, a stillbirth baby in the abdominal cavity, and a crescent-shaped placenta. Blood tests revealed that the patient had a low platelet count and clotting dysfunction. Laparotomy confirmed advanced right fallopian tube pregnancy without rupture, and salpingectomy was performed. Pathological examination revealed a significantly thickened tubal wall, adhesion of the placenta, and poor placental perfusion. CONCLUSION The unusually thickened muscular layer of the tube may be one of the reasons for tubal pregnancy progressing to an advanced stage. Placenta adhesion and the special site to which it is attached reduce the risk of rupture. The detection of a crescent-shaped placenta on imaging may aid in the accurate diagnosis, distinguishing between abdominal and tubal pregnancy. Women with advanced ectopic pregnancy are more likely to develop pre-eclampsia and have poorer maternal-fetal outcomes. These negative outcomes may be influenced by abnormal artery remodeling, villous dysplasia, and placental infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 61800, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 61800, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 61800, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Luo
- Department of Radiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 61800, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 61800, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyuan He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 61800, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruiqian Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 61800, Sichuan, China.
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Rusidzé M, Gargaros A, Fébrissy C, Dubucs C, Weyl A, Ousselin J, Aziza J, Arnal JF, Lenfant F. Estrogen Actions in Placental Vascular Morphogenesis and Spiral Artery Remodeling: A Comparative View between Humans and Mice. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040620. [PMID: 36831287 PMCID: PMC9954071 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens, mainly 17β-estradiol (E2), play a critical role in reproductive organogenesis, ovulation, and fertility via estrogen receptors. E2 is also a well-known regulator of utero-placental vascular development and blood-flow dynamics throughout gestation. Mouse and human placentas possess strikingly different morphological configurations that confer important reproductive advantages. However, the functional interplay between fetal and maternal vasculature remains similar in both species. In this review, we briefly describe the structural and functional characteristics, as well as the development, of mouse and human placentas. In addition, we summarize the current knowledge regarding estrogen actions during utero-placental vascular morphogenesis, which includes uterine angiogenesis, the control of trophoblast behavior, spiral artery remodeling, and hemodynamic adaptation throughout pregnancy, in both mice and humans. Finally, the estrogens that are present in abnormal placentation are also mentioned. Overall, this review highlights the importance of the actions of estrogens in the physiology and pathophysiology of placental vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Rusidzé
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Adrien Gargaros
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Chanaëlle Fébrissy
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Charlotte Dubucs
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Ariane Weyl
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Jessie Ousselin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Jacqueline Aziza
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence:
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18
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Soliman SA, Abd-Elhafeez HH, Abou-Elhamd AS, Kamel BM, Abdellah N, Mustafa FEZA. Role of Uterine Telocytes During Pregnancy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS 2023; 29:283-302. [DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Endometrial remolding and angiogenesis are critical events that occur during pregnancy in order to establish uteroplacental vascular communication. This study investigated the role of uterine telocytes (TCs) in pregnancy. We analyzed the distribution of TCs and morphological changes in the endometrium of the gravid rabbit uterus at different stages of pregnancy: after ovulation, pre-implantation (day 7), post-implantation (days 8 and 9), and mid-pregnancy (day 14) and late (days 21–28) pregnancy. TCs gradually increased with the progression of pregnancy. They had distinctive telopodes (TPs) and podoms, with intranucleolar chromatin. The TCs established contact with decidual cells, growing a glandular epithelium, blood vessels, and immune cells, such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages. The TCs underwent morphological changes at the post-implantation phase. They acquired thick and voluminous TPs, formed an extensive three-dimensional (3D) labyrinth at mid-pregnancy, and exhibited irregular-shaped nuclei and a dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum at late pregnancy. They also acquired a convoluted contour-formed complex network. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed an extensive 3D network in the endometrium, forming a condensed sheath at late pregnancy. Transmission electron microscopy and SEM detected fenestrated TPs, and TCs were identified by CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression. TCs also expressed matrix metalloproteinase-9 and transforming growth factor beta-1. Results suggested that TCs might play an essential role in maternal placenta formation, especially decidualization, regulation of uterine gland development, and neovascularization of maternal uterine blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha A Soliman
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University , Qena , Egypt
| | - Hanan H Abd-Elhafeez
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University , Assiut 71526 , Egypt
| | - Alaa S Abou-Elhamd
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University , Assiut 71526 , Egypt
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University , Jazan , Saudi Arabia
| | - Basma Mohamed Kamel
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City , Sadat City 32897 , Egypt
| | - Nada Abdellah
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University , Sohag 82524 , Egypt
| | - Fatma El-Zahraa A Mustafa
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University , Assiut 71526 , Egypt
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Ca 2+-Activated K + Channels and the Regulation of the Uteroplacental Circulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021349. [PMID: 36674858 PMCID: PMC9867535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate uteroplacental blood supply is essential for the development and growth of the placenta and fetus during pregnancy. Aberrant uteroplacental perfusion is associated with pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and gestational diabetes. The regulation of uteroplacental blood flow is thus vital to the well-being of the mother and fetus. Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels of small, intermediate, and large conductance participate in setting and regulating the resting membrane potential of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) and play a critical role in controlling vascular tone and blood pressure. KCa channels are important mediators of estrogen/pregnancy-induced adaptive changes in the uteroplacental circulation. Activation of the channels hyperpolarizes uteroplacental VSMCs/ECs, leading to attenuated vascular tone, blunted vasopressor responses, and increased uteroplacental blood flow. However, the regulation of uteroplacental vascular function by KCa channels is compromised in pregnancy complications. This review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of roles of KCa channels in the regulation of the uteroplacental circulation under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Dela Justina V, Dos Passos Júnior RR, Lima VV, Giachini FR. Evidence of Nitric Oxide Impairment During Hypertensive Pregnancies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1428:99-125. [PMID: 37466771 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32554-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy complicate up to 10% of pregnancies worldwide, and they can be classified into (1) gestational hypertension, (2) preeclampsia, (3) chronic hypertension and (4) chronic hypertension with preeclampsia. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an essential role in the haemodynamic adaptations observed during pregnancy. It has been shown that the nitric oxide pathway's dysfunction during pregnancy is associated with placental- and vascular-related diseases such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. This review aims to present a brief definition of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and physiological maternal cardiovascular adaptations during pregnancy. We also detail how NO signalling is altered in the (a) systemic vasculature, (b) uterine artery/spiral arteries, (c) implantation and (d) placenta of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. We conclude by summarizing the anti-hypertensive therapy of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy as a specific management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Dela Justina
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Rodrigues Dos Passos Júnior
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Institute of Health Sciences and Health, Universidad Federal De Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, Brazil
| | - Victor Vitorino Lima
- Institute of Health Sciences and Health, Universidad Federal De Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Regina Giachini
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Institute of Health Sciences and Health, Universidad Federal De Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, Brazil
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21
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Kissas G, Hwuang E, Thompson EW, Schwartz N, Detre JA, Witschey WR, Perdikaris P. Feasibility of Vascular Parameter Estimation for Assessing Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders. J Biomech Eng 2022; 144:121011. [PMID: 36128759 PMCID: PMC9836050 DOI: 10.1115/1.4055679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypertensive pregnancy disorders (HPDs), such as pre-eclampsia, are leading sources of both maternal and fetal morbidity in pregnancy. Noninvasive imaging, such as ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is an important tool for predicting and monitoring these high risk pregnancies. While imaging can measure hemodynamic parameters, such as uterine artery pulsatility and resistivity indices (PI and RI), the interpretation of such metrics for disease assessment relies on ad hoc standards, which provide limited insight to the physical mechanisms underlying the emergence of hypertensive pregnancy disorders. To provide meaningful interpretation of measured hemodynamic data in patients, advances in computational fluid dynamics can be brought to bear. In this work, we develop a patient-specific computational framework that combines Bayesian inference with a reduced-order fluid dynamics model to infer parameters, such as vascular resistance, compliance, and vessel cross-sectional area, known to be related to the development of hypertension. The proposed framework enables the prediction of hemodynamic quantities of interest, such as pressure and velocity, directly from sparse and noisy MRI measurements. We illustrate the effectiveness of this approach in two systemic arterial network geometries: an aorta with branching carotid artery and a maternal pelvic arterial network. For both cases, the model can reconstruct the provided measurements and infer parameters of interest. In the case of the maternal pelvic arteries, the model can make a distinction between the pregnancies destined to develop hypertension and those that remain normotensive, expressed through the value range of the predicted absolute pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kissas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Applied Mechanics,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
19104
| | - Eileen Hwuang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | - Nadav Schwartz
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - John A. Detre
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
19104; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of
Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
19104
| | - Walter R. Witschey
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
19104
| | - Paris Perdikaris
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
19104
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22
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Yin Y, Liu C, Gao G, Li J, Long X, Zhang P, Guo W. Blood vessel assessment using computed tomography : Effects of ephedrine on uterine artery. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:890246. [PMID: 36081950 PMCID: PMC9448417 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ephedrine increased blood pressure due to the contractile properties of resistance vessels. Excessive contraction of the uterine arteries might cause fetal distress. This study was to determine the diameter of the uterine artery of female New Zealand rabbits after the administration of different doses of ephedrine using CT. Methods: Thirty-two rabbits were randomly divided into a control group (Group C), low dosage group (Group L), medium dosage group (Group M) and high dosage group (Group H). Normal saline and doses corresponding to the human dose of 7.5, 15 and 30 mg of ephedrine were injected respectively. The marginal ear and uterine artery diameters were measured 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 min after injection using CT, and the hemodynamic changes were recorded. Results: The increase in mean arterial pressure in group M (p = 0.009), and H (p = 0.013) was higher than that in group C. Compared with group C, substantial contraction of the marginal ear artery was observed at the three doses of ephedrine. There were no differences in the uterine artery diameter among groups L, M and C, However, in Group H, a significant contraction of the uterine artery compared with the other groups (p < 0.001) was observed. Discussion: CT can be used to evaluate the effects of drugs on organs and blood vessels. Ephedrine can not only constrict the peripheral blood vessels but also do not affect the uterine artery at a dose of 15 mg or less. However, the dose should not exceed 30 mg, which may cause severe uterine artery depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Yin
- Department of Anesthesia, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Guangjian Gao
- Nuclear Medicine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Anesthesia, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xuechen Long
- Department of Anesthesia, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Peijin Zhang
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wenjun Guo
- Department of Anesthesia, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjun Guo,
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23
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Osikoya O, Cushen SC, Gardner JJ, Raetz MM, Nagarajan B, Raut S, Goulopoulou S. Exosomes facilitate intercellular communication between uterine perivascular adipose tissue and vascular smooth muscle cells in pregnant rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H577-H584. [PMID: 35904885 PMCID: PMC9448271 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00322.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is distinct from other adipose depots as it has differential gene and protein profiles and vasoactive functions. We have shown that pregnancy affects the morphology of PVAT surrounding the uterine arteries (utPVAT) differentially than the morphology of non-perivascular reproductive adipose depots (i.e., periovarian adipose tissue, OVAT). Here, we hypothesized that pregnancy modifies the profile (size and molecular weight) of exosome-like extracellular vesicles released by utPVAT (Exo-utPVAT) compared to OVAT (Exo-OVAT) and that primary uterine vascular smooth muscle cells (utVSMCs) can internalize Exo-utPVAT. Our findings indicate that utPVAT from pregnant and non-pregnant rats secrete exosome-like vesicles. Exo-utPVAT from pregnant rats were smaller (i.e., molecular size) and heavier (i.e., molecular weight) than those from non-pregnant rats, while pregnancy did not affect the size of Exo-OVAT. Immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy showed that primary utVSMCs internalized Exo-utPVAT (both tissues from the same pregnant rat) labeled by the lipophilic tracer DiO. Treatment of isolated uterine arteries with Exo-utPVAT did not affect relaxation responses to acetylcholine (ACh) in pregnant or non-pregnant rats. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a novel type of intercellular communication between Exo-utPVAT and utVSMCs and indicate pregnancy modulates the morphology and cargo of Exo-utPVAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatobiloba Osikoya
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Spencer C Cushen
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States.,Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer J Gardner
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Megan M Raetz
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Bhavani Nagarajan
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Sangram Raut
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States.,Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
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24
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Mariacarmela G, Milena E, Sveinbjorn G, Daniel H, Maurizio M. Placental protein 13 dilation of pregnant rat uterine vein is endothelium dependent and involves nitric oxide/calcium activated potassium channels signals. Placenta 2022; 126:233-238. [PMID: 35872513 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accumulating evidence demonstrates the importance of the galectin protein Placental Protein 13 (PP13) in predicting Preeclampsia (PE), a gestational disorder that has no cure and is associated with a compromised uterine vascular adaptation to pregnancy. Uterine vasculature undergoes significant remodeling (growth in length and in circumference) during normal pregnancy to accommodate the increased blood volume to the feto-placental unit. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the role of PP13 on the uterine veins (UVs). METHODS PP13 was tested on UVs isolated from rat by using a pressurized myograph. The PP13 investigation was carried out in the presence of: a) nitric oxide synthases inhibitors (l-NAME + L-NNA, 2 x 10-4 M); b) small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (SKca) inhibitor (Apamin, 10-7 M); c) intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (IKca) inhibitor (TRAM-34, 10-5 M); d) big conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKca) inhibitor (Paxilline, 10-5 M) and in the absence of endothelium. RESULTS Our results showed that in late pregnancy, PP13 induced a significant dilation of UVs that is endothelium dependent. Further, PP13-dilation is mediated by the SKca - NO - BKca pathway. DISCUSSION For the first time, this study provides evidence that in pregnancy, the UVs are dilated by PP13 and suggests SKCa as a potential target for treatments aimed at restoring pregnancy complication associated with deficiency in uterine adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gatto Mariacarmela
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Esposito Milena
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Gizurarson Sveinbjorn
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Henrion Daniel
- MitoVasc Institute, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM U1083, University of Angers, France
| | - Mandalà Maurizio
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy.
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25
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G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Expression in Rat Uterine Artery Is Increased by Pregnancy and Induces Dilation in a Ca2+ and ERK1/2 Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115996. [PMID: 35682675 PMCID: PMC9180712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing levels of estrogens across gestation are partly responsible for the physiological adaptations of the maternal vasculature to pregnancy. The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) mediates acute vasorelaxing effects in the uterine vasculature, which may contribute to the regulation of uteroplacental blood flow. The aim of this study was to investigate whether GPER expression and vasorelaxation may occur following pregnancy. Elucidation of the functional signalling involved was also investigated. Radial uterine and third-order mesenteric arteries were isolated from non-pregnant (NP) and pregnant rats (P). GPER mRNA levels were determined and—concentration–response curve to the GPER-specific agonist, G1 (10−10–10−6 M), was assessed in arteries pre-constricted with phenylephrine. In uterine arteries, GPER mRNA expression was significantly increased and vasorelaxation to G1 was significantly enhanced in P compared with NP rats. Meanwhile, in mesenteric arteries, there was a similar order of magnitude in NP and P rats. Inhibition of L-type calcium channels and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 significantly reduced vasorelaxation triggered by G1 in uterine arteries. Increased GPER expression and GPER-mediated vasorelaxation are associated with the advancement of gestation in uterine arteries. The modulation of GPER is exclusive to uterine arteries, thus suggesting a physiological contribution of GPER toward the regulation of uteroplacental blood flow during pregnancy.
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26
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Allerkamp HH, Pole T, Boukham A, James JL, Clark AR. Predicting pregnancy specific uterine vascular reactivity: A data driven computational model of shear-dependent, myogenic, and mechanical radial artery features. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H72-H88. [PMID: 35452318 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00693.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The entire maternal circulation adapts to pregnancy, and this adaption is particularly extensive in the uterine circulation where the major vessels double in size to facilitate an approximately 15-fold increase in blood supply to this organ over the course of pregnancy. Several factors may play a role in both the remodelling and biomechanical function of the uterine vasculature including the paracrine microenvironment, passive properties of the vessel wall, and active components of vascular function (incorporating the myogenic response and response to shear stress induced by intravascular blood flow). However, the interplay between these factors, and how this plays out in an organ-specific manner to induce the extent of remodelling observed in the uterus is not well understood. Here we present an integrated assessment of the uterine radial arteries, likely rate-limiters to flow of oxygenated maternal blood to the placental surface, via computational modelling and pressure myography. We show that uterine radial arteries behave differently to other systemic vessels (higher compliance and shear mediated constriction) and that their properties change with the adaptation to pregnancy (higher myogenic tone, higher compliance, and ability to tolerate higher flow rates before constricting). Together, this provides a useful tool to improve our understanding of the role of uterine vascular adaptation in normal and abnormal pregnancies and highlights the need for vascular bed specific investigations of vascular function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Helene Allerkamp
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Teagan Pole
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ali Boukham
- Mechanics and Engineering Institute (I2M), Environmental and Civil Engineering Department (GCE), University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Joanna L James
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alys R Clark
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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27
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Garner KL, Bowdridge EC, Griffith JA, DeVallance E, Seman MG, Engels KJ, Groth CP, Goldsmith WT, Wix K, Batchelor TP, Nurkiewicz TR. Maternal Nanomaterial Inhalation Exposure: Critical Gestational Period in the Uterine Microcirculation is Angiotensin II Dependent. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:167-180. [PMID: 35066857 PMCID: PMC9013006 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09712-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Maternal inhalation exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENM) has been associated with microvascular dysfunction and adverse cardiovascular responses. Pregnancy requires coordinated vascular adaptation and growth that are imperative for survival. Key events in pregnancy hallmark distinct periods of gestation such as implantation, spiral artery remodeling, placentation, and trophoblast invasion. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a critical vasoactive mediator responsible for adaptations and is implicated in the pathology of preeclampsia. If perturbations occur during gestation, such as those caused by ENM inhalation exposure, then maternal-fetal health consequences may occur. Our study aimed to identify the period of gestation in which maternal microvascular functional and fetal health are most vulnerable. Additionally, we wanted to determine if Ang II sensitivity and receptor density is altered due to exposure. Dams were exposed to ENM aerosols (nano-titanium dioxide) during three gestational windows: early (EE, gestational day (GD) 2-6), mid (ME, GD 8-12) or late (LE, GD 15-19). Within the EE group dry pup mass decreased by 16.3% and uterine radial artery wall to lumen ratio (WLR) increased by 25.9%. Uterine radial artery response to Ang II sensitivity increased by 40.5% in the EE group. Ang II receptor density was altered in the EE and LE group with decreased levels of AT2R. We conclude that early gestational maternal inhalation exposures resulted in altered vascular anatomy and physiology. Exposure during this time-period results in altered vascular reactivity and changes to uterine radial artery WLR, leading to decreased perfusion to the fetus and resulting in lower pup mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista L Garner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Bowdridge
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Julie A Griffith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Evan DeVallance
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Madison G Seman
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kevin J Engels
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Caroline P Groth
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - William T Goldsmith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kim Wix
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Thomas P Batchelor
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA.
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28
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Roles of maternal HDL during pregnancy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159106. [PMID: 34995789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High density lipoproteins (HDL) were first linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) over 30 years ago when an inverse relationship was shown between CVD and HDL-cholesterol levels. It is now apparent that HDL composition and function, not cholesterol levels, are the pertinent measurements describing HDL's role in various disease processes, especially those with subclinical or overt inflammation. SCOPE OF REVIEW Pregnancy is also an inflammatory state. When inflammation becomes excessive during pregnancy, there is an increased risk for adverse outcomes that affect the health of the mother and fetus, including preterm birth and preeclampsia. Though studies on HDL during pregnancy are limited, recent evidence demonstrates that HDL composition and function change during pregnancy and in women with adverse outcomes. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE In this review, we will discuss how HDL may play a role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy and how impairments in function could lead to pregnancies with adverse outcomes.
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29
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Ferreira G, Blasina F, Rodríguez Rey M, Anesetti G, Sapiro R, Chavarría L, Cardozo R, Rey G, Sobrevia L, Nicolson GL. Pathophysiological and molecular considerations of viral and bacterial infections during maternal-fetal and -neonatal interactions of SARS-CoV-2, Zika, and Mycoplasma infectious diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166285. [PMID: 34624499 PMCID: PMC8492386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
During pregnancy, a series of physiological changes are determined at the molecular, cellular and macroscopic level that make the mother and fetus more susceptible to certain viral and bacterial infections, especially the infections in this and the companion review. Particular situations increase susceptibility to infection in neonates. The enhanced susceptibility to certain infections increases the risk of developing particular diseases that can progress to become morbidly severe. For example, during the current pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, epidemiological studies have established that pregnant women with COVID-19 disease are more likely to be hospitalized. However, the risk for intensive care unit admission and mechanical ventilation is not increased compared with nonpregnant women. Although much remains unknown with this particular infection, the elevated risk of progression during pregnancy towards more severe manifestations of COVID-19 disease is not associated with an increased risk of death. In addition, the epidemiological data available in neonates suggest that their risk of acquiring COVID-19 is low compared with infants (<12 months of age). However, they might be at higher risk for progression to severe COVID-19 disease compared with older children. The data on clinical presentation and disease severity among neonates are limited and based on case reports and small case series. It is well documented the importance of the Zika virus infection as the main cause of several congenital anomalies and birth defects such as microcephaly, and also adverse pregnancy outcomes. Mycoplasma infections also increase adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review will focus on the molecular, pathophysiological and biophysical characteristics of the mother/placental-fetal/neonatal interactions and the possible mechanisms of these pathogens (SARS-CoV-2, ZIKV, and Mycoplasmas) for promoting disease at this level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ferreira
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Dept. of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay,Corresponding author
| | - Fernanda Blasina
- Dept. of Neonatology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marianela Rodríguez Rey
- Dept. of Neonatology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gabriel Anesetti
- Dept. of Histology and Development, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rosana Sapiro
- Dept. of Histology and Development, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Luisina Chavarría
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Dept. of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Romina Cardozo
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Dept. of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Grazzia Rey
- Dept. of Clinical Ginecology and Obstetrics B, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville E-41012, Spain,Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil,University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Garth L. Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA, USA
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30
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Grenier C, Caillon A, Munier M, Grimaud L, Champin T, Toutain B, Fassot C, Blanc-Brude O, Loufrani L. Dual Role of Thrombospondin-1 in Flow-Induced Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12086. [PMID: 34769516 PMCID: PMC8584526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Chronic increases in blood flow, as in cardiovascular diseases, induce outward arterial remodeling. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is known to interact with matrix proteins and immune cell-surface receptors, but its contribution to flow-mediated remodeling in the microcirculation remains unknown. (2) Methods: Mesenteric arteries were ligated in vivo to generate high- (HF) and normal-flow (NF) arteries in wild-type (WT) and TSP-1-deleted mice (TSP-1-/-). After 7 days, arteries were isolated and studied ex vivo. (3) Results: Chronic increases in blood flow induced outward remodeling in WT mice (increasing diameter from 221 ± 10 to 280 ± 10 µm with 75 mmHg intraluminal pressure) without significant effect in TSP-1-/- (296 ± 18 to 303 ± 14 µm), neutropenic or adoptive bone marrow transfer mice. Four days after ligature, pro inflammatory gene expression levels (CD68, Cox2, Gp91phox, p47phox and p22phox) increased in WT HF arteries but not in TSP-1-/- mice. Perivascular neutrophil accumulation at day 4 was significantly lower in TSP-1-/- than in WT mice. (4) Conclusions: TSP-1 origin is important; indeed, circulating TSP-1 participates in vasodilation, whereas both circulating and tissue TSP-1 are involved in arterial wall thickness and diameter expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Grenier
- UMR CNRS 6015, 49100 Angers, France; (C.G.); (A.C.); (M.M.); (L.G.); (T.C.); (B.T.); (C.F.)
- INSERM U1083, 49100 Angers, France
- MITOVASC Institute, University of Angers, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Antoine Caillon
- UMR CNRS 6015, 49100 Angers, France; (C.G.); (A.C.); (M.M.); (L.G.); (T.C.); (B.T.); (C.F.)
- INSERM U1083, 49100 Angers, France
- MITOVASC Institute, University of Angers, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Mathilde Munier
- UMR CNRS 6015, 49100 Angers, France; (C.G.); (A.C.); (M.M.); (L.G.); (T.C.); (B.T.); (C.F.)
- INSERM U1083, 49100 Angers, France
- MITOVASC Institute, University of Angers, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Linda Grimaud
- UMR CNRS 6015, 49100 Angers, France; (C.G.); (A.C.); (M.M.); (L.G.); (T.C.); (B.T.); (C.F.)
- INSERM U1083, 49100 Angers, France
- MITOVASC Institute, University of Angers, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Tristan Champin
- UMR CNRS 6015, 49100 Angers, France; (C.G.); (A.C.); (M.M.); (L.G.); (T.C.); (B.T.); (C.F.)
- INSERM U1083, 49100 Angers, France
- MITOVASC Institute, University of Angers, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Bertrand Toutain
- UMR CNRS 6015, 49100 Angers, France; (C.G.); (A.C.); (M.M.); (L.G.); (T.C.); (B.T.); (C.F.)
- INSERM U1083, 49100 Angers, France
- MITOVASC Institute, University of Angers, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Céline Fassot
- UMR CNRS 6015, 49100 Angers, France; (C.G.); (A.C.); (M.M.); (L.G.); (T.C.); (B.T.); (C.F.)
- INSERM U1083, 49100 Angers, France
- MITOVASC Institute, University of Angers, 49100 Angers, France
| | | | - Laurent Loufrani
- UMR CNRS 6015, 49100 Angers, France; (C.G.); (A.C.); (M.M.); (L.G.); (T.C.); (B.T.); (C.F.)
- INSERM U1083, 49100 Angers, France
- MITOVASC Institute, University of Angers, 49100 Angers, France
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Carson J, Warrander L, Johnstone E, van Loon R. Personalising cardiovascular network models in pregnancy: A two-tiered parameter estimation approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021; 37:e3267. [PMID: 31799783 PMCID: PMC9286682 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Uterine artery Doppler waveforms are often studied to determine whether a patient is at risk of developing pathologies such as pre-eclampsia. Many uterine waveform indices have been developed, which attempt to relate characteristics of the waveform with the physiological adaptation of the maternal cardiovascular system, and are often suggested to be an indicator of increased placenta resistance and arterial stiffness. Doppler waveforms of four patients, two of whom developed pre-eclampsia, are compared with a comprehensive closed-loop model of pregnancy. The closed-loop model has been previously validated but has been extended to include an improved parameter estimation technique that utilises systolic and diastolic blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, and pulse wave velocity measurements to adapt model resistances, compliances, blood volume, and the mean vessel areas in the main systemic arteries. The shape of the model-predicted uterine artery velocity waveforms showed good agreement with the characteristics observed in the patient Doppler waveforms. The personalised models obtained now allow a prediction of the uterine pressure waveforms in addition to the uterine velocity. This allows for a more detailed mechanistic analysis of the waveforms, eg, wave intensity analysis, to study existing clinical indices. The findings indicate that to accurately estimate arterial stiffness, both pulse pressure and pulse wave velocities are required. In addition, the results predict that patients who developed pre-eclampsia later in pregnancy have larger vessel areas in the main systemic arteries compared with the two patients who had normal pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Carson
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering, College of EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
- Data Science Building, Swansea University Medical SchoolSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
- HDR UK Wales and Northern IrelandHealth Data Research UKLondonUK
| | - Lynne Warrander
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine Biology and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Edward Johnstone
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine Biology and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Raoul van Loon
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering, College of EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
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Horn AJ, Carter CS. Love and longevity: A Social Dependency Hypothesis. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2021; 8:100088. [PMID: 35757670 PMCID: PMC9216627 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammals, including humans, are reliant for survival and reproduction on adaptations associated with sociality and physiological investment, which can be linked to interactions with their parents or other bonded adult conspecifics. A wide range of evidence in human and non-human mammal species links social behaviors and relationships - including those characterized by what humans call "love" - to positive health and longevity. In light of this evidence, we propose a Social Dependency Hypothesis of Longevity, suggesting that natural selection has favored longer and healthier adult lives in species or in individuals exhibiting enhanced caregiver responsibilities contributing to the success of the next generation. In highlighting cellular, physiological, and behavioral effects of mammalian reproductive hormones, we examine the specific hypothesis that the neuropeptide oxytocin links longevity to the benefits of parental investment and associated relationships. Oxytocin is a pleiotropic molecule with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, capable of regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the parasympathetic nervous system and other systems associated with the management of various challenges, including chronic diseases and therefore may be crucial to establishing the maximum longevity potential of a species or an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Sue Carter
- University of Virginia and Indiana University, United States
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Bishop A, Cartwright JE, Whitley GS. Stanniocalcin-1 in the female reproductive system and pregnancy. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 27:1098-1114. [PMID: 34432025 PMCID: PMC8542996 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmab028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a widely expressed glycoprotein hormone involved in a diverse spectrum of physiological and pathophysiological processes including angiogenesis, mineral homeostasis, cell proliferation, inflammation and apoptosis. Over the last 20 years, numerous studies have reported STC-1 expression within female reproductive tissues including the uterus, ovaries and placenta and implicated STC-1 in processes such as ovarian follicular development, blastocyst implantation, vascular remodelling in early pregnancy and placental development. Notably, dysregulation of STC-1 within reproductive tissues has been linked to the onset of severe reproductive disorders including endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, poor trophoblast invasion and placental perfusion in early pregnancy. Furthermore, significant changes in tissue expression and in maternal systemic concentration take place throughout pregnancy and further substantiate the vital role of this protein in reproductive health and disease. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Our aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature, to summarise the expression profile and roles of STC-1 within the female reproductive system and its associated pathologies. We highlight the gaps in the current knowledge and suggest potential avenues for future research. SEARCH METHODS Relevant studies were identified through searching the PubMed database using the following search terms: ‘stanniocalcin-1’, ‘placenta’, ‘ovary’, ‘endometrium’, ‘pregnancy’, ‘reproduction’, ‘early gestation’. Only English language papers published between 1995 and 2020 were included. OUTCOMES This review provides compelling evidence of the vital function that STC-1 plays within the female reproductive system. The literature presented summarise the wide expression profile of STC-1 within female reproductive organs, as well as highlighting the putative roles of STC-1 in various functions in the reproductive system. Moreover, the observed link between altered STC-1 expression and the onset of various reproductive pathologies is presented, including those in pregnancy whose aetiology occurs in the first trimester. This summary emphasises the requirement for further studies on the mechanisms underlying the regulation of STC-1 expression and function. WIDER IMPLICATIONS STC-1 is a pleiotropic hormone involved in the regulation of a number of important biological functions needed to maintain female reproductive health. There is also growing evidence that dysregulation of STC-1 is implicated in common reproductive and obstetric disorders. Greater understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of STC-1 within the field may therefore identify possible targets for therapeutic intervention and/or diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Bishop
- Centre for Vascular Biology, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Judith E Cartwright
- Centre for Vascular Biology, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Guy S Whitley
- Centre for Vascular Biology, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
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Abouelela YS, Yasin NAE, El Karmoty AF, Khattab MA, El-Shahat KH, Abdelnaby EA. Ovarian, uterine and luteal hemodynamic variations between pregnant and non-pregnant pluriparous Egyptian buffalos with special reference to their anatomical and histological features. Theriogenology 2021; 173:173-182. [PMID: 34392170 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the ovarian, uterine, and luteal hemodynamic variations using Doppler between pregnant and non-pregnant pluriparous buffalos in relation to their anatomical and histological basics during the first 31 days after natural mating. Adult healthy cyclic Egyptian buffalo (n = 10) were selected and categorized into two groups; group 1 (n = 5) was mated naturally by a fertile bull during the late estrus phase, and group 2 (n = 5) was not mated. Animals were subjected to Doppler ultrasonography to evaluate luteal, ovarian, and uterine blood flows from day 7 until day 31 post-mating. Besides, three pregnant (one month) and other non-pregnant uterus (n = 6) were obtained from a local abattoir to study the anatomical and histological features. Our results revealed that the luteal, ovarian, and uterine arteries cross-sectional diameters/mm increased (P < 0.05) from day 7 till day 31. Resistance (RI) and pulsatility indices (PI) decreased linearly (P < 0.05) in pregnant buffalos till day 31, but the peak systolic, end diastolic velocities and flow volume of those arteries were increased. Additionally, luteal colored areas away and toward CL were increased (P < 0.05) in the pregnant group compared to non-pregnant ones. There was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the lumen diameter of luteal, ovarian, and uterine artery sections in pregnant buffalos compared to those of non-pregnant ones. While the mean value of tunica media's thickness of both luteal and uterine artery was significantly higher in non-pregnant buffalos than pregnant ones, except for that of the ovarian artery. Additionally, the ovarian and uterine artery tunica muscularis relative area % was (P < 0.05) higher in pregnant buffalos than in non-pregnant ones, except for that of the luteal artery. It was concluded that in pregnant buffalos, ovarian, uterine, and luteal blood flows were improved from the first week until 31 days post-mating via a decline in both Doppler indices with an increase in Doppler velocities and blood flow volume in relation to their histological changes based on their anatomical architecture in comparison to non-pregnant one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara S Abouelela
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Noha A E Yasin
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr F El Karmoty
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Khattab
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - K H El-Shahat
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Elshymaa A Abdelnaby
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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Osikoya O, Cushen SC, Ricci CA, Goulopoulou S. Cyclooxygenase-dependent mechanisms mediate in part the anti-dilatory effects of perivascular adipose tissue in uterine arteries from pregnant rats. Pharmacol Res 2021; 171:105788. [PMID: 34311071 PMCID: PMC8439575 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Uterine perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) contributes to uterine blood flow regulation in pregnancy, at least in part, due to its effects on uterine artery reactivity. We tested the hypothesis that uterine PVAT modulates the balance between the contribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)- and cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent pathways to acetylcholine (ACh)-induced relaxation in isolated uterine arteries. Concentration-response curves to ACh (1 nM - 30 µM) were performed on uterine arteries from pregnant and non-pregnant rats. Arteries were exposed to Krebs-Henseleit solution (control) or PVAT-conditioned media (PVATmedia) in the presence of the following inhibitors: L-NAME (NOS inhibitor), indomethacin (COX inhibitor), SC560 (COX-1 inhibitor), NS398 (COX-2 inhibitor), SQ 29,548 (thromboxane receptor (TP) inhibitor). In arteries incubated with PVATmedia, the presence of indomethacin increased ACh-induced relaxation, reversing the anti-dilatory effect of PVATmedia. NOS inhibition reduced ACh-induced relaxation in uterine arteries from pregnant rats, and exposure to PVATmedia did not change this effect. Selective inhibition of COX-1 but not COX-2 suppressed relaxation responses to ACh in control arteries. The presence of PVATmedia abolished the effect of COX-1 inhibition. Incubation of uterine arteries from pregnant rats with PVATmedia increased production of thromboxane B2 (TxB2, p = 0.01) but thromboxane receptor (TP) inhibition did not affect the anti-dilatory properties of PVATmedia. In conclusion, inhibition of COX signaling suppressed the anti-dilatory effects of PVATmedia, while PVATmedia had no effect on the contribution of the NOS/NO pathway to ACh-induced relaxation in uterine arteries from pregnant rats, indicating that the anti-dilatory effects of uterine PVAT are mediated in part by COX-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatobiloba Osikoya
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Spencer C Cushen
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Contessa A Ricci
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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Khankin EV, Ko NL, Mandalà M, Karumanchi SA, Osol G. Normalization of wall shear stress as a physiological mechanism for regulating maternal uterine artery expansive remodeling during pregnancy. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:702-708. [PMID: 34485839 PMCID: PMC8409555 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Outward remodeling of the maternal uterine circulation during pregnancy is essential for normal uteroplacental perfusion and pregnancy outcome. The physiological mechanism by which this process is regulated is unknown; we hypothesized that it involved the normalization of wall shear stress (WSS). Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats underwent unilateral ligation of the main uterine artery and vein at the cervical end of the uterus on gestational day 10, thus restricting inflow/outflow of blood into that uterine horn to a single point at the ovarian end; the contralateral sham-operated side provided an internal control. This procedure alters uterine hemodynamics by increasing WSS, since the entire uterine horn is supplied by one rather than two vessels. Arterial diameter and blood flow velocity values were measured by intravital ultrasonographic pulse-wave Doppler on gestational day 20 and used to calculate WSS. Although both ovarian artery lumen diameter and blood velocity increased, WSS was similar in both horns. These data support the concept that increased WSS secondary to hemochorial placentation is the primary physiological stimulus for uterine vascular remodeling and that its normalization may be the primary mechanism that regulates the extent of arterial circumferential growth required to maintain placental perfusion. We further hypothesize that shallow spiral artery invasion, such as occurs in preeclampsia, limits the increase in upstream shear stress and results in attenuated remodeling and placental under-perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliyahu V. Khankin
- Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Nga Ling Ko
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive SciencesUniversity of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Maurizio Mandalà
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive SciencesUniversity of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlingtonVTUSA
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of CalabriaRendeItaly
| | - S. Ananth Karumanchi
- Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of MedicineCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - George Osol
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive SciencesUniversity of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlingtonVTUSA
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Vogtmann R, Heupel J, Herse F, Matin M, Hagmann H, Bendix I, Kräker K, Dechend R, Winterhager E, Kimmig R, Köninger A, Gellhaus A. Circulating Maternal sFLT1 (Soluble fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1) Is Sufficient to Impair Spiral Arterial Remodeling in a Preeclampsia Mouse Model. Hypertension 2021; 78:1067-1079. [PMID: 34397280 PMCID: PMC8415521 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. One driving factor for developing preeclampsia—a pregnancy disorder, often associated with poor spiral artery (SpA)-remodeling and fetal growth restriction—is the anti-angiogenic sFLT1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1), which is found to be highly upregulated in preeclampsia patients. The sFLT1-mediated endothelial dysfunction is a common theory for the manifestation of maternal preeclampsia symptoms. However, the influence of sFLT1 on SpA-remodeling and the link between placental and maternal preeclampsia symptoms is less understood. To dissect the hsFLT1 (human sFLT1) effects on maternal and/or fetoplacental physiology in preeclampsia, sFLT1-transgenic mice with systemic hsFLT1 overexpression from midgestation onwards were used. SpA-remodeling was analyzed on histological and molecular level in placental/mesometrial triangle tissues. Maternal kidney and aorta morphology was investigated, combined with blood pressure measurements via telemetry. hsFLT1 overexpression resulted in maternal hypertension, aortic wall thickening, and elastin breakdown. Furthermore, maternal kidneys showed glomerular endotheliosis, podocyte damage, and proteinuria. preeclampsia symptoms were combined with fetal growth restriction already at the end of the second trimester and SpA-remodeling was strongly impaired as shown by persisted vascular smooth muscle cells. This phenotype was associated with shallow trophoblast invasion, delayed presence of uterine natural killer cells, and altered lymphatic angiogenesis. Overall, this study showed that circulating maternal hsFLT1 is sufficient to induce typical maternal preeclampsia-like symptoms in mice and impair the SpA-remodeling independent from the fetoplacental compartment, revealing new insights into the interaction between the placental and maternal contribution of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Vogtmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany (R.V., J.H., R.K., A.K., A.G.)
| | - Jacqueline Heupel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany (R.V., J.H., R.K., A.K., A.G.)
| | - Florian Herse
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (F.H., K.K., R.D.).,Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (F.H., K.K.)
| | - Mahsa Matin
- Department II of Internal Medicine-Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine-University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany and Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases, Germany (M.M., H.H.)
| | - Henning Hagmann
- Department II of Internal Medicine-Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine-University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany and Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases, Germany (M.M., H.H.)
| | - Ivo Bendix
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology & Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany (I.B.)
| | - Kristin Kräker
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (F.H., K.K., R.D.).,Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (F.H., K.K.).,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (K.K.)
| | - Ralf Dechend
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (F.H., K.K., R.D.).,HELIOS Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (R.D.)
| | - Elke Winterhager
- Imaging Center Essen, EM Unit, University Hospital Essen, Germany (E.W.)
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany (R.V., J.H., R.K., A.K., A.G.)
| | - Angela Köninger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany (R.V., J.H., R.K., A.K., A.G.).,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinic of the Order of St. John, St. Hedwigs Clinic, Regensburg, Germany (A.K.)
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany (R.V., J.H., R.K., A.K., A.G.)
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38
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Uteroplacental Circulation in Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia: Functional Adaptation and Maladaptation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168622. [PMID: 34445328 PMCID: PMC8395300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Uteroplacental blood flow increases as pregnancy advances. Adequate supply of nutrients and oxygen carried by uteroplacental blood flow is essential for the well-being of the mother and growth/development of the fetus. The uteroplacental hemodynamic change is accomplished primarily through uterine vascular adaptation, involving hormonal regulation of myogenic tone, vasoreactivity, release of vasoactive factors and others, in addition to the remodeling of spiral arteries. In preeclampsia, hormonal and angiogenic imbalance, proinflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies cause dysfunction of both endothelium and vascular smooth muscle cells of the uteroplacental vasculature. Consequently, the vascular dysfunction leads to increased vascular resistance and reduced blood flow in the uteroplacental circulation. In this article, the (mal)adaptation of uteroplacental vascular function in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia and underlying mechanisms are reviewed.
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Ijomone OK, Osahon IR, Okoh COA, Akingbade GT, Ijomone OM. Neurovascular dysfunctions in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1109-1117. [PMID: 33704662 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00710-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy pose a huge challenge to the socioeconomic stability of a community; being a major cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality during delivery. Although there have been recent improvements in management strategies, still, the diversified nature of the underlying pathogenesis undermines their effectiveness. Generally, these disorders are categorized into two; hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with proteinuria (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy without proteinuria (gestational and chronic hypertension). Each of these conditions may present with unique characteristics that have interwoven symptoms. However, the tendency of occurrence heightens in the presence of any pre-existing life-threatening condition(s), environmental, and/or other genetic factors. Investigations into the cerebrovascular system demonstrate changes in the histoarchitectural organization of neurons, the proliferation of glial cells with an associated increase in inflammatory cytokines. These are oxidative stress indicators which impose a deteriorating impact on the structures that form the neurovascular unit and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Such a pathologic state distorts the homeostatic supply of blood into the brain, and enhances the permeability of toxins/pathogens through a process called hyperperfusion at the BBB. Furthermore, a notable aspect of the pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is endothelial dysfunction aggravated when signaling of the vasoprotective molecule, nitric oxide, amongst other neurotransmitter regulatory activities are impaired. This review aims to discuss the alterations in cerebrovascular regulation that determine the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayemi K Ijomone
- The Neuro- Lab, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria.
| | - Itohan R Osahon
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Edo State University, Uzairue, Nigeria
| | - Comfort O A Okoh
- The Neuro- Lab, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Grace T Akingbade
- The Neuro- Lab, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Omamuyovwi M Ijomone
- The Neuro- Lab, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
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Pasha M, Wooldridge AL, Kirschenman R, Spaans F, Davidge ST, Cooke CLM. Altered Vascular Adaptations to Pregnancy in a Rat Model of Advanced Maternal Age. Front Physiol 2021; 12:718568. [PMID: 34393831 PMCID: PMC8356803 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.718568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced maternal age (≥35 years old) increases the risk of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. We previously demonstrated vascular dysfunction and abnormal pregnancy outcomes in a rat model of advanced maternal age. However, vascular adaptations to pregnancy in aging were not studied. We hypothesize that advanced maternal age is associated with a more vasoconstrictive phenotype due to reduced nitric oxide (NO) and increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), contributing to impaired vascular adaptations to pregnancy. A rat model of advanced maternal age was used: young (4 months) and aged (9.5 months; ∼35 years in humans) non-pregnant and pregnant rats. On gestational day 20 (term = 22 days; non-pregnant rats were aged-matched), blood pressure and heart rate were measured (tail cuff plethysmography) and vascular function was assessed in mesenteric arteries (wire myography). Endothelium-dependent relaxation to methylcholine (MCh) was assessed in the presence/absence of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME), or inhibitors of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH; apamin and TRAM-34). Vasoconstriction responses to big endothelin-1 (bigET-1), in the presence/absence of MMPs-inhibitor (GM6001) or endothelin converting enzyme (ECE-1) inhibitor (CGS35066), in addition, ET-1 responsiveness, were measured. Blood pressure was elevated only in aged non-pregnant rats (p < 0.001) compared to all other groups. MCh responses were not different, however, L-NAME decreased maximum vasodilation in young (p < 0.01) and aged pregnant rats (p < 0.001), and decreased MCh sensitivity in young non-pregnant rats (p < 0.01), without effects in aged non-pregnant rats. EDH contribution to relaxation was similar in young non-pregnant, and aged non-pregnant and pregnant rats, while EDH-mediated relaxation was absent in young pregnant rats (p < 0.001). BigET-1 responses were enhanced in aged non-pregnant (p < 0.01) and pregnant rats (p < 0.05). No significant changes in bigET-1 conversion occurred in the presence of MMP-inhibitor, whereas ECE-1 inhibition reduced bigET-1 constriction in aged rats (p < 0.01). No differences in ET-1 sensitivity were observed. In conclusion, contrary to our hypothesis, reduced blood pressure, and an increased EDH-dependent contribution to vasodilation suggest a compensatory mechanism that may reflect beneficial adaptations in these aged rats that were able to maintain pregnancy. These data increase our understanding of how the vascular adaptive pathways in pregnancy compensate for advanced maternal age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Pasha
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Amy L. Wooldridge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Raven Kirschenman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Floor Spaans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sandra T. Davidge
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Christy-Lynn M. Cooke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Skow RJ, Steinback CD, Davenport MH. Prenatal Exercise and Cardiovascular Health (PEACH) Study: Impact on the Vascular System. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:2605-2617. [PMID: 34225321 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Healthy pregnancy is typically associated with favorable vascular adaptations to both structure and function of the peripheral arteries. Exercise is independently associated with improvements in peripheral vascular health; however, the impact of exercise on prenatal adaptations is unclear. Therefore, we hypothesized that a structured aerobic exercise intervention between the second and third trimester (TM2 and TM3, respectively) of pregnancy would augment the already-positive changes in vascular outcomes. METHODS We recruited 59 inactive pregnant women (<20 weeks gestation) and randomized them into control (standard care; n = 28) or exercise (moderate intensity aerobic exercise, 3-4 days/week, 25-40 minutes, 14 ± 1 weeks; n = 31) conditions. Before and after the intervention all women completed comprehensive peripheral vascular assessment, which included blood markers of vascular health, carotid distensibility metrics, measures of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity; PWV), and [superficial] femoral artery reactivity during cold pressor test (CPT). RESULTS Carotid artery diameter increased from 6.5 mm to 6.9 mm (p < 0.001) strain (%)decreased from 9.9% to 8.4% (p < 0.001). Carotid artery blood flow, compliance and distensibility coefficients, stiffness (β), distensibility (1/β), and Elastic modulus were not different across gestation. PWV was not different across gestation. Superficial femoral artery diameter was increased from 5.4 mm to 5.6 mm (p = 0.004) while blood flow, conductance, and resistance at rest and during CPT were not different across gestation. None of our measures of vascular health were impacted by exercise. CONCLUSION We did not observe an impact of aerobic exercise on altering the changes across pregnancy in blood vessel health. However, the present study was conducted in women who were overall at low risk for developing gestational hypertension and should be interpreted with caution. Future work in high-risk women is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Skow
- Program for Pregnancy and Postpartum Health, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Gokina NI, Fairchild RI, Prakash K, DeLance NM, Bonney EA. Deficiency in CD4 T Cells Leads to Enhanced Postpartum Internal Carotid Artery Vasoconstriction in Mice: The Role of Nitric Oxide. Front Physiol 2021; 12:686429. [PMID: 34220551 PMCID: PMC8242360 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.686429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of postpartum (PP) stroke is increased in complicated pregnancies. Deficiency in CD4 T cell subsets is associated with preeclampsia and may contribute to PP vascular disease, including internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and stroke. We hypothesized that CD4 T cell deficiency in pregnancy would result in ICA dysregulation, including enhanced ICA vasoconstriction. We characterized the function, mechanical behavior, and structure of ICAs from C57BL/6 (WT) and CD4 deficient (CD4KO) mice, and assessed the role of NO in the control of ICA function at pre-conception and PP. WT and CD4KO mice were housed under pathogen-free conditions, mated to same-strain males, and allowed to litter or left virgin. At 3 days or 4 weeks PP, mice were euthanized. The responses to phenylephrine (PE), high K+ and acetylcholine (ACh) were assessed in pressurized ICAs before and after NOS inhibition. Passive lumen diameters were measured at 3–140 mmHg. eNOS and iNOS expression as well as the presence of T cells were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Constriction of WT ICAs to PE was not modified PP. In contrast, responses to PE were significantly increased in ICAs from PP as compared to virgin CD4KO mice. Constriction to high K+ was not enhanced PP. ICAs from WT and CD4KO mice were equally sensitive to ACh with a significant rightward shift of dose-response curves after L-NNA treatment. NOS inhibition enhanced PE constriction of ICAs from WT virgin and PP mice. Although a similar effect was detected in ICAs of virgin CD4KO mice, no such changes were observed in vessels from PP CD4KO mice. Passive arterial distensibility at physiological levels of pressure was not modified at PP. ICA diameters were significantly increased in PP with no change in vascular wall thickness. Comparison of eNOS expression in virgin, 3 days and 4 weeks PP revealed a reduced expression in ICA from CD4 KO vs. WT PP vessels which reached significance at 4 weeks PP. iNos expression was similar and decreased over the PP period in vessels from WT and CD4KO mice. Dysregulation of the CD4 T cell population in pregnancy may make ICA vulnerable to vasospasm due to decreased NO-dependent control of ICA constriction. This may lead to cerebral hypoperfusion and increase the risk of maternal PP stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I Gokina
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Rebecca I Fairchild
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kirtika Prakash
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Nicole M DeLance
- Microscopy Imaging Center, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Bonney
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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Fournier SB, D'Errico JN, Stapleton PA. Uterine Vascular Control Preconception and During Pregnancy. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1871-1893. [PMID: 34061977 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c190015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Successful pregnancy and reproduction are dependent on adequate uterine blood flow, placental perfusion, and vascular responsivity to fetal demands. The ability to support pregnancy centers on systemic adaptation and endometrial preparation through decidualization, embryonic implantation, trophoblast invasion, arterial/arteriolar reactivity, and vascular remodeling. These adaptations occur through responsiveness to endocrine signaling and local uteroplacental mediators. The purpose of this article is to highlight the current knowledge associated with vascular remodeling and responsivity during uterine preparation for and during pregnancy. We focus on maternal cardiovascular systemic and uterine modifications, endometrial decidualization, implantation and invasion, uterine and spiral artery remodeling, local uterine regulatory mechanisms, placentation, and pathological consequences of vascular dysfunction during pregnancy. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1-23, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara B Fournier
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jeanine N D'Errico
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Phoebe A Stapleton
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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Wu B, You S, Qian H, Wu S, Lu S, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Zhang N. The role of SIRT2 in vascular-related and heart-related diseases: A review. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6470-6478. [PMID: 34028177 PMCID: PMC8278089 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, cardiovascular disease is one of the important factors of human death, and there are many kinds of proteins involved. Sirtuins family proteins are involved in various physiological and pathological activities of the human body. Among them, there are more and more studies on the relationship between sirtuin2 (SIRT2) protein and cardiovascular diseases. SIRT2 can effectively inhibit pathological cardiac hypertrophy. The effect of SIRT2 on ischaemia‐reperfusion injury has different effects under different conditions. SIRT2 can reduce the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may help to reduce the severity of diabetic cardiomyopathy. SIRT2 can affect a variety of cardiovascular diseases, energy metabolism and the ageing of cardiomyocytes, thereby affecting heart failure. SIRT2 also plays an important role in vascular disease. For endothelial cell damage used by oxidative stress, the role of SIRT2 is bidirectional, which is related to the degree of oxidative stress stimulation. When the degree of stimulation is small, SIRT2 plays a protective role, and when the degree of stimulation increases to a certain level, SIRT2 plays a negative role. In addition, SIRT2 is also involved in the remodelling of blood vessels and the repair of skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boquan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shilong You
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shaojun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Saien Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wenceslau CF, McCarthy CG, Earley S, England SK, Filosa JA, Goulopoulou S, Gutterman DD, Isakson BE, Kanagy NL, Martinez-Lemus LA, Sonkusare SK, Thakore P, Trask AJ, Watts SW, Webb RC. Guidelines for the measurement of vascular function and structure in isolated arteries and veins. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H77-H111. [PMID: 33989082 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01021.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The measurement of vascular function in isolated vessels has revealed important insights into the structural, functional, and biomechanical features of the normal and diseased cardiovascular system and has provided a molecular understanding of the cells that constitutes arteries and veins and their interaction. Further, this approach has allowed the discovery of vital pharmacological treatments for cardiovascular diseases. However, the expansion of the vascular physiology field has also brought new concerns over scientific rigor and reproducibility. Therefore, it is appropriate to set guidelines for the best practices of evaluating vascular function in isolated vessels. These guidelines are a comprehensive document detailing the best practices and pitfalls for the assessment of function in large and small arteries and veins. Herein, we bring together experts in the field of vascular physiology with the purpose of developing guidelines for evaluating ex vivo vascular function. By using this document, vascular physiologists will have consistency among methodological approaches, producing more reliable and reproducible results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla F Wenceslau
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Cameron G McCarthy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Sarah K England
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jessica A Filosa
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - David D Gutterman
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin Cardiovascular Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Nancy L Kanagy
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Pratish Thakore
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Aaron J Trask
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Heart Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Stephanie W Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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Cavoretto PI, Farina A, Miglio R, Zamagni G, Girardelli S, Vanni VS, Morano D, Spinillo S, Sartor F, Candiani M. Prospective longitudinal cohort study of uterine arteries Doppler in singleton pregnancies obtained by IVF/ICSI with oocyte donation or natural conception. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:2428-2438. [PMID: 33099621 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do uterine arteries Doppler studies show different pulsatility index (UtA-PI) measurements in IVF/ICSI pregnancies with oocyte donation (OD) as compared to natural conceptions? SUMMARY ANSWER In IVF/ICSI pregnancies with OD, UtA-PI is reduced by an average of about 40% as compared to pregnancies with natural conception. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY OD pregnancies present worse pregnancy outcomes as compared to natural conception, particularly for increased incidence of pre-eclampsia (PE). Recent evidence shows that IVF/ICSI pregnancies with frozen blastocyst transfer also present higher prevalence of PE and 15% lower UtA-PI as compared to pregnancies after fresh blastocyst transfers. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Prospective, longitudinal matched cohort study performed in the Fetal Medicine and Obstetric Departments of San Raffaele Hospital in Milan, between 2013 and 2018. The analysis is based on 584 Doppler observations collected from 296 women with different method of conception (OD n = 122; natural conception n = 174). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS IVF/ICSI viable singleton pregnancies with OD and natural conception control pregnancies matched for BMI and smoking, performing repeated UtA-PI measurements at 11-34 weeks. Miscarriages, abnormalities, twins, significant maternal diseases and other types of ARTs were excluded. Log mean left-right UtA-PI was used for analysis with linear mixed model (LMM) and correction for significant confounders. Pregnancy outcome was also analyzed. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Participants after OD were older and more frequently nulliparous (mean age: OD 43.4, 95% CI from 42.3 to 44.6; natural conception 35.1, 95% CI from 34.5 to 35.7; P-value < 0.001; nulliparous: OD 96.6%; natural conception 56.2%; P-value < 0.001). Mean pulsatility index was lower in OD (UtA-PI: natural conception 1.22; 95% CI from 1.11 to 1.28; OD 1.04; 95% CI from 0.96 to 1.12; P-value < 0.001). A significant effect of parity, gestational age (GA) modeled with a cubic polynomial and BMI was described in the LMM. The mean Log UtA-PI was on average 37% lower in OD as compared to natural conception pregnancies at LMM (P-value < 0.001). We also found a significant interaction between longitudinal UtA-PI Doppler and GA. Therefore, at 11 weeks' gestation the Log UtA-PI was 42% lower and, at 34 weeks, the differences reduced to 32%. GA at delivery and birth weight were statistically lower in OD group; however, birthweight centile was not statistically different. Preeclampsia was 11-fold more common in the OD group (0.6% and 6.6%, P-value = 0.003). No other significant difference in pregnancy outcome was shown in the study groups (gestational diabetes mellitus, small or large for GA). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION It was not possible to properly match for maternal age and to blind the assessment given the major differences between cohorts; however, we did not find significant within-groups effects related to maternal age. Future research is needed to reassess outcomes and correct them for maternal characteristics (e.g. cardiovascular function). WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This finding reproduces our previous discovery of lower UtA-PI in frozen as compared to fresh blastocyst transfer. The vast majority of OD is obtained by the use of cryopreservation. We speculate that increased uterine perfusion may be the physiological response to compensate dysfunctions both in the mother and in the placenta. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This is a non-funded study. The authors do not declare competing interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Cavoretto
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - A Farina
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Miglio
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Zamagni
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Girardelli
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - V S Vanni
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - D Morano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sant'Anna University Hospital, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - S Spinillo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - F Sartor
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - M Candiani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
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Scott K, Morgan HL, Delles C, Fisher S, Graham D, McBride MW. Distinct uterine artery gene expression profiles during early gestation in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:160-171. [PMID: 33719581 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00159.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the uterine spiral arteries undergo major vascular remodeling to ensure sufficient uteroplacental perfusion to support the fetus. In pregnancies complicated by hypertensive disorders, this remodeling is deficient leading to impaired uteroplacental blood flow and poor maternal and fetal outcomes. The underlying genetic mechanisms for failed vascular remodeling are not fully understood. This study aimed to examine the early-pregnancy-associated gene changes in the uterine arteries of spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHRSP) compared with their normotensive counterparts, Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Uterine arteries from gestational day 6.5 WKY and SHRSP were processed for RNA-sequencing, along with virgin, age-matched controls for each strain. Gene expression changes were identified and biological pathways were implicated and interpretated using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). This study found that WKY uterine arteries from early pregnancy exhibit a gene expression pattern that is suggestive of a pregnancy-dependent reduction in Ca2+ handling and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) components and an increase in ATP production. In contrast, the expression pattern of pregnant SHRSP uterine arteries was dominated by an elevated immune response and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and downstream effectors of the RAAS. These results suggest that in a rat model, hypertension during pregnancy impacts uterine artery gene expression patterns as early as the first week of pregnancy. The pathway changes involved may underlie or contribute to the adverse vascular remodeling and resultant placental ischemia and systemic vascular dysfunction observed in SHRSP in late gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayley Scott
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L Morgan
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Delles
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Fisher
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Delyth Graham
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Martin W McBride
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Cañumil VA, Bogetti E, de la Cruz Borthiry FL, Ribeiro ML, Beltrame JS. Steroid hormones and first trimester vascular remodeling. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 116:363-387. [PMID: 33752825 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Successful implantation and placentation require neoangiogenesis and the remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries. Progesterone and estradiol control various of the placental functions, but their role in vascular remodeling remains controversial. Therefore, this chapter aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of steroid hormones in the uteroplacental vascular remodeling during the first trimester of gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Cañumil
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Bogetti
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F L de la Cruz Borthiry
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M L Ribeiro
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J S Beltrame
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Hu XQ, Zhang L. Hypoxia and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Pregnancy Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030405. [PMID: 33800426 PMCID: PMC7999178 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common and severe stress to an organism's homeostatic mechanisms, and hypoxia during gestation is associated with significantly increased incidence of maternal complications of preeclampsia, adversely impacting on the fetal development and subsequent risk for cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Human and animal studies have revealed a causative role of increased uterine vascular resistance and placental hypoxia in preeclampsia and fetal/intrauterine growth restriction (FGR/IUGR) associated with gestational hypoxia. Gestational hypoxia has a major effect on mitochondria of uteroplacental cells to overproduce reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress. Excess mitochondrial ROS in turn cause uteroplacental dysfunction by damaging cellular macromolecules, which underlies the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and FGR. In this article, we review the current understanding of hypoxia-induced mitochondrial ROS and their role in placental dysfunction and the pathogenesis of pregnancy complications. In addition, therapeutic approaches selectively targeting mitochondrial ROS in the placental cells are discussed.
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50
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Albrecht ED, Babischkin JS, Aberdeen GW, Burch MG, Pepe GJ. Maternal systemic vascular dysfunction in a primate model of defective uterine spiral artery remodeling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1712-H1723. [PMID: 33666502 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00613.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Uterine spiral artery remodeling (UAR) is essential for placental perfusion and fetal development. A defect in UAR underpins placental ischemia disorders, e.g., preeclampsia, that result in maternal systemic vascular endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. We have established a model of impaired UAR by prematurely elevating maternal serum estradiol levels during the first trimester of baboon pregnancy. However, it is unknown whether this experimental paradigm is associated with maternal vascular endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, in the present study baboons were administered estradiol on days 25-59 of gestation to suppress UAR and maternal vascular function determined on day 165 (term = 184 days) peripherally and in skeletal muscle, which accounts for over 40% of body mass and 25% of resting systemic vascular resistance. Maternal serum sFlt-1 levels were 2.5-fold higher (P < 0.05), and skeletal muscle arteriolar endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression and luminal area, and skeletal muscle capillary density were 30-50% lower (P < 0.05) in UAR suppressed baboons. Coinciding with these changes in eNOS expression, luminal area, and capillary density, maternal brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and volume flow were 70% and 55% lower (P < 0.05), respectively, and mean arterial blood pressure 29% higher (P < 0.01) in UAR defective baboons. In summary, maternal vascular function was disrupted in a baboon model of impaired UAR. These results highlight the translational impact of this primate model and relevance to adverse conditions of human pregnancy underpinned by improper uterine artery transformation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Maternal vascular dysfunction is a hallmark of abnormal human pregnancy, particularly early-onset preeclampsia, elicited by impaired UAR. The present study makes the novel discovery that maternal systemic vascular dysfunction was induced in a baboon experimental model of impaired UAR. This study highlights the translational relevance of this nonhuman primate model to adverse conditions of human pregnancy underpinned by defective UAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene D Albrecht
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jeffery S Babischkin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Graham W Aberdeen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marcia G Burch
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Gerald J Pepe
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
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